- August 7, 2020
MA2760: Mathematical Investigations in Python Resit Assessment 2020 Rhyd Lewis [email protected] 1 Summary For this resit assessment you are required to work individually, writing code that allow the investigation of different methods of packing vehicles onto a ferry. Specifically, your program will read some input from a file and will produce a solution using some simple rules. This will allow us to compare different methods against one another and identify the most efficient strategies. Details of your methods, together with their results (including tables of results and charts), should be written-up in a formal report. Some Python code and an example input file has been sent to you. Please use these as a starting point for your work. Instructions and comments can be found within these files. 2 Problem Specification A large ferry is used to transport vehicles across an estuary. To load the ferry, the whole of one side of the boat is lowered, and each vehicle is instructed to drive into a particular lane. The ferry consists of 85 lanes in total (labelled 0 to 84) and each lane has a capacity (length) of 3,000 cm, as illustrated in the following diagram. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 … 84 Queue of vehicles 3000 cm … Currently the company that operates the ferry uses a very simple queueing system. Vehicles of varying lengths arrive at the port one-by-one and join a single queue. When the time comes to load the ferry, each vehicle is taken from the queue one at a time (in order) and is instructed to to drive into the lowest-indexed lane that currently has sufficient capacity for the vehicle. If there are no lanes with sufficient capacity, the vehicle is sent to an overspill car park and is not allowed to board the ferry. Once this vehicle has been dealt with, the next vehicle in the queue is considered in the same way. This continues until all vehicles have been considered. It is obviously in the ferry company's interest to minimise the amount of wasted lane-space in each ferry crossing. Hence our aim is to minimise the total length of the vehicles assigned to the overflow car park. This is equivalent to maximising the total length of all vehicles from the queue that are allowed to enter the ferry. 1 3 Problem Instances and Code You have been supplied with example instance of this problem in input.txt. The first two lines of this file contain the length of each lane (3,000 cm) and the number of lanes (85), respectively. This is then followed by the (integer) lengths of 500 vehicles (in cm), in the order that they have joined the queue. Sizes of vehicles in this instance have been generated randomly according to the numbers in the following table. In each case, the size of vehicles belonging to each class have been generated uniform randomly in the given ranges. Classification Size Range (cm) Quantity Small car 350 ≤ size < 400 100 Medium car 400 ≤ size < 450 200 Large car 450 ≤ size < 500 100 Van 500 ≤ size < 600 70 Lorry 600 ≤ size ≤ 2000 30 Sum = 500 You have also been supplied with some Python code that reads in this problem instance and assigns the vehicles to lanes using the process described above. In this code • The variables c and numlanes are used to store the lane capacity and number of lanes respectively; • The list L is used to hold the lengths and order of all vehicles in the queue • The list of lists S is used to hold the vehicle lengths assigned to each lane in the ferry (the total of each lane cannot exceed c); • The list O is used to store all vehicle lengths that have been assigned to the overflow car park. • The function getFirstLane is used to determine the lane for each vehicle. If no lane is suitable for a vehicle due to insufficient capacity, the function returns -1. Download the above files onto your com puter (putting them into the same folder) and get them running. Ensure that you understand what each line of code is doing. 4 Task 1 As noted, the current strategy for choosing a lane is to use the lowest-indexed lane that has sufficient capacity for the vehicle. However, it has been suggested that some other strategies might be more appropriate. These include, for each vehicle: 1. Choosing the emptiest lane with sufficient capacity for the vehicle; 2. Choosing the fullest lane with sufficient capacity for the vehicle; 3. Choosing any random lane with sufficient capacity for the vehicle; where "emptiest" and 'fullest" are determined using the total length of all vehicles currently assigned to a lane. Using the function getFirstLane in the supplied code as a guide, program the above rules (and perhaps others) and investigate their effects on the quality of your solution. • At the start of a run, you may wish to ask the user which of the above rules they want to use to load the ferry. • In addition to text output, you may also wish to use various graphical outputs (charts) to illustrate your solutions. These can also be included in your report, if desired. 2 5 Task 2 The ferry company has decided to invest some money at the port to try and further increase efficiencies. Suggestions include: 1. Using five separate queues, one for each vehicle type (as defined in the table earlier). The ferry is then loaded using the lorry queue first, then the vans queue, then large cars, then medium cars, and then small cars. 2. Keeping the current system of one queue but, in each step, taking the next k vehicles in the queue, reordering these k vehicles from longest to shortest, and then inserting each of these on to the ferry in turn. Using your best performing rule from Part 1, investigate the efficiency of these proposed strategies, and perhaps others, using input.txt. • The parameter k needs to be decided upon by the user and can range from 1 to n, where n is the total number of vehicles in the queue at the start of the boarding process. You may wish to experiment with different values here. • As before, you may also wish to use various graphical outputs (charts) to illustrate your solutions. 6 Task 3 One flaw in the tests conducted so far is that they only apply to the single problem instance given in input.txt. Indeed, if the vehicles had arrived in a different sequence, or were of different lengths then different conclusions might be drawn. In order to convince the ferry operator that your proposed methods will bring more efficiencies, you decide that wider tests are required. This should involve randomly generating multiple problem instances (using the same classifications and quantities as the table earlier), re-running your methods, and documenting your results. You may also want to widen your study to look at what might happen if a boat with a different number of lanes and/or different lane capacities are used. Conduct some investigations into this. 7 Extra Information • You will have noticed that some of these tasks are open ended. You are therefore free to choose your own directions for these parts. • Extra marks will be allocated to those who write neat, elegant, efficient code that is appropriately commented. It is desirable for the program to give the user prompts, allowing them to choose between different run options. • Marks are also allocated to reports that are written accurately and succinctly, with appropriate typesetting. (Please use the supplied LATEX code on Learning Central/Blackboard.) You may also wish to use various figures and tables in your report. • It is also acceptable to include small pieces of your Python code in your report if it helps to explain something. However, bear in mind that you are also required to submit your code in a separate file. 3 8 Assessment and Submission Marks will be allocated subject to the above tasks being carried out and documented appropriately. Note that it is usually preferable to have a less-advanced program that runs correctly rather than a more advanced program that does not run or that has bugs in it. • Your report (a single.pdf file) and program (a single.py file) should be emailed to me by the arranged deadline. • The recommended length of the report is five pages using the supplied LATEX template. Reports should not exceed six pages under any circumstances. Please note that according to university rules unauthorised late submissions must be allocated a mark of zero by default. Also according to university rules, instances of plagiarism are not tolerated and will also be allocated a mark of zero. 4


text:
On Tuesday, January 15, 2013 at 1:30 p.m., the Black River Remedial Action Plan (RAP) Coordinating Committee is pleased to have Doug Inkley, senior wildlife biologist with the National Wildlife Federation (NWF) Headquarters in Reston, Virginia, present on "climate-smart" conservation and restoration. The presentation will be held in the Black River Room of Carlisle Reservation (12882 Diagonal Road, LaGrange, Ohio 44050). Mr. Inkely and the NWF have worked collaboratively with the City of Lorain and Coldwater Consulting, LLC on projects in the lower Black River. He stresses the importance of including climate change as a factor when planning conservation and restoration efforts.
What is "climate-smart?" It means taking climate change into consideration and understanding the effects climate can have on conservation and restoration. Climate change poses different challenges, such as the need to work in new places or protecting animals and plants that were not previously protected. There is a need to integrate the challenges of climate change into existing issues such as pollution and invasive species.
For more information on "climate-smart" conservation, click here.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text: Place a sheet of paper on a flat desk. Assume that the magnetic field is coming perpendicularly out of the paper. Three particles are traveling diagonally from the left bottom edge to the right top edge. Particle 1 is deflected upwards, Particle 2's motion is not affected and Particle 3 is deflected downwards. What can you say about the charges on the particles?


text:
DeconASSIST has been accepted as an ASSOCIATE MEMBER of the National Association of Methamphetamine Contamination (NAMC)
To protect the health and safety of all Australians with regards to Methamphetamine Contamination... The NAMC has been formed to be the beginning of the pathway towards a regulated and legislated industry.
Only providers like DeconASSIST who are proven providers of best practice will be accepted as affiliates of the NAMC.
Australia's most reliable and cost effective instant meth testing kit. Available for purchase though DeconASSIST
There were no discernible differences between health effects from living in properties contaminated from former manufacture or use
The clandestine manufacture and use of methamphetamine can result in contamination of residential properties. It is understood that this contamination remains in homes for a significant period, however, there is a lack of data available to understand the health effects of exposure to environmental methamphetamine contamination (third-hand exposure).
There were no discernible differences between health effects from living in properties contaminated from former manufacture or use. This study demonstrates that residing in these properties can represent a significant public health risk.
This document has been prepared by a wide range of experts from the cleaning and restoration industry to assist contractors in managing the risks arising from efforts to mitigate the COVID19 pandemic.
- drug lab clean-up
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source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Difference Between Sea and Lake
Sea Vs Lake
Almost anybody knows the difference between a lake and a sea. However, when asked about the true nature of other seas like the Caspian Sea, people will already have second thoughts. Yes, the confusion sets in when identifying some bodies of water which are called seas but are actually lakes. An example of which is the very popular Dead Sea which happens to be the lowest level lake in the world, not to mention one of the saltiest there is. So how come the Dead Sea is a lake and not a sea?
First, a lake is an inland water body. This means that it is surrounded by land. The body of water is usually moderate to big in size with the water surface being exposed towards the atmosphere. Thus, most lakes in the world have a surface area of below 100 sq. mi. although there are dozens of other lakes that even spans to more than 1,500 sq. mi. in area. With regard to depth, the majority of lakes are shallower than the seas.
As mentioned, the confusion sets in because there are some lakes that are named as seas. Aside from the Dead Sea, the Caspian Sea is another lake that is called sea. It is treated by many as a sea because of its size. This lake is so huge that from whatever angle you'll try to look at, it would seem as if you're looking at a long stretch of shore. This is because the Caspian Sea is the biggest or largest lake in the world. It is bordered by several countries including Iran and Southern Russia. Another lake that is called a sea is the Aral Sea.
On the contrary, seas are different from lakes because they are not enclosed by land. They have a relatively bigger volume of water and are usually connected to the wide open ocean. Seas are undoubtedly deeper as compared to lakes. It is a continuous stretch of salt water. There's an exemption to this definition however because a sea can also be a landlocked (like a lake) immense body of saline (salty) water which doesn't have an outlet towards an ocean. This definition can best be applied to the case of the Caspian Sea.
Lakes are shallower than the seas
Lakes are enclosed by a body of land.
With regard to the volume of water, lakes can be small, moderate to big in size whereas seas are often always a lot bigger in size.
Lakes can either be salt water or fresh water while seas are always salt water in nature.
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Eva Luna Fun Activities
Buy the Eva Luna Lesson Plans
Santa Maria
Create your own map of the inside of Santa Maria prison. This map should depict the various cells, the entrance, the officers' quarters and any other vital information you can think of. This map can be in color or black and white but should not be on lined paper or in pencil.
Guerrilla Colors
Create a flag for Huberto's guerrilla army. The flag should represent the purpose of the guerrillas fight for freedom and democracy in their South America country.
Show Tonight
Create a poster advertising the Melesio's show at the cabaret. This poster should have a (decent) picture as well as the time of the show, the names of the stars of the show, and the location of the show.
Create a wanted ad for Huberto with a description of Huberto, a picture, reward information, etc.
Letters to Mom
Write three letters from Eva's...
(read more Fun Activities)
This section contains 938 words
(approx. 4 pages at 300 words per page)
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How to Get Fresh Smelling Towels
24th Nov 2014
How to Get Fresh Smelling Towels
Ever wonder how come clean towels eventually end up smelling...well, not so fresh? If towels are clean, they should smell clean, right? Most times, it is our water being quite hard, mixed with the fragrances of detergents and fabric softeners, that build-up eventually takes a toll on those towels, resulting in foul-smelling, clean linen straight out of the dryer.
The solution? A simple, cheap DIY that just requires baking soda and vinegar.
1. Place your linen in the washing machine.
2. Instead of laundry detergent, put in a generous amount of baking soda (about 1/4 of a small box of baking soda.)
3. In the rinse cycle compartment, use white distiller vinegar (apple cider vinegar is a good alternative to use) instead of fabric softener.
4. Wash with hot water.
5. After the rinse cycle, put the freshly washed towels into the dryer. Out come clean and fresh towels without any hints of vinegar.
The result is fresh smelling towels, but they won't have the smelly residues that the fragrances of the detergents, fabric softener and hard-water create. This method also works for those towels that have been stored in a linen closet for a long time.
Bonus side (laundry) tip - baking soda works wonders on set-in oil stains too.
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15.10 - Optimized Method of Maintaining a Join Index During UPDATE Operations - Teradata Database
Teradata Database SQL Request and Transaction Processing
Teradata Database
Programming Reference
User Guide
Optimizations have been made for UPDATE requests that allow the affected join index rows to be located via direct access. For example, if an UPDATE request specifies a search condition on the primary or secondary of a join index, the affected join index rows are not reproduced. Instead, the join index may be directly searched for the qualifying rows and modified accordingly.
To use this optimized method (that is, the direct update approach), the following conditions must be present:
 - A primary or secondary access path to the join index.
 - If join_index_column_2 is defined, no modifications to join_index_column_1 columns.
 - No modifications to the join condition columns appearing in the join index definition.
 - No modifications to the primary index columns of the join index.
 - The following is an example of an optimized method for maintaining join index during an UPDATE request.
 UPDATE lineitem
 SET l_quantity=l_quantity - 5
 WHERE l_orderkey=10;
 *** Help information returned. 11 rows.
 *** Total elapsed time was 1 second.
 1) First, we execute the following steps in parallel.
 1) We do a single-AMP UPDATE from join index table
 df2.OrderJoinLine by way of the primary index
 "df2.OrderJoinLine.l_orderkey = 10" with a residual
 condition of ("df2.OrderJoinLine.l_orderkey = 10").
 2) We do a single-AMP UPDATE from df2.lineitem by way of the
 primary index "df2.lineitem.l_orderkey = 10" with no
 residual conditions.
 2) Finally, we send out an END TRANSACTION step to all AMPs involved
 in processing the request.


text:
It is common practice for private individuals and companies to hire cleaners. However, the arrival of the online platform Helpling, has changed the process considerably, making it more convenient. 'Customers' and cleaners are able to register with the Helpling platform. After registering, customers are able to select a cleaner on the basis of certain criteria. It is then up to the cleaner to either accept or refuse the cleaning job.
The interesting issue from an employment law perspective is the role that Helpling plays in this interaction between parties. For example, if Helpling turned out to be the employer of the cleaners, this would mean a long-term failure on its part to comply with the collective labour agreement for the cleaning and window-cleaning industry. If it were a question of job placement, this would mean Helpling had breached the Placement of Personnel by Intermediaries Act (Wet allocatie arbeidskrachten door intermediairs – "WAADI") by requesting a commission on the amount payable to the cleaners.
The FNV, one of the largest trade union in the Netherlands, brought proceedings against Helpling on this issue. A recent decision given by the Amsterdam Court on 1 July 2019 shows the arguments put forward by the parties and how the subdistrict judge ultimately ruled. Below is the summary:
The dispute mainly concerned the question of whether there was a relationship of authority between Helpling and the cleaner. This is an essential element for assuming the existence of an employment contract. One characteristic of the relationship of authority is the power to give instructions. In this context, Helpling's operational management demonstrates the following:
- The customer can contact Helpling by telephone and via the website, ask questions and submit complaints about the hired cleaner.
- Helpling offers the option of sending invoices on behalf of the cleaner, managing calendars and acting as the contact person for customers.
- If there are too many complaints, Helpling can close the cleaner's account.
According to the subdistrict judge, although these circumstances appear to constitute the power of giving instructions on the part of Helpling, they did not outweigh the following:
- The cleaners themselves set the rate at which they offer their services. This is an important difference with the operations of, for example, Deliveroo and Uber.
- The cleaners can decide for themselves if and when they will carry out the work. Cleaners who don't accept jobs do not have their rating reduced, as is the case with Uber, for example.
- The instructions for carrying out the assignment are provided by the customer.
- The only conditions that cleaners must comply with are Helpling's general terms & conditions for use of the platform.
Based on these facts, the subdistrict judge came to the conclusion that there was no relationship of authority between Helpling and the cleaner and that there was therefore no employment contract. This also means that the criteria for agency work – which was also suggested in the proceedings as a form of contract – have not been met.
Does this mean Helpling has won the battle against the FNV? Not quite. The clue can be found in the title to this blog. The subdistrict judge ruled that there is a question of job placement between Helpling, the customer and the cleaner. Thanks to Helpling's 'involvement', an employment contract is indeed formed between the customer and the cleaner. That is how Helpling meets the requirements for job placement, as set out in Article 1(1)(b) WAADI. Article 3(1) of the same Act then states that, in the case of job placement, Helpling may not ask the jobseeker (in this case the cleaner) for any compensation in return. This poses a major problem for Helpling, because its business model is to ask for a commission on the cleaner's wages.
The ruling means that Helpling will need to act quickly in order to find another, creative way to make money. However, the fact that the subdistrict judge – in view of this relatively new form of service provision – considered it unreasonable to prohibit requesting commission payments with retroactive effect, does offer a ray of hope.


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I don't like ms diff that integrated into Visual Studio 2008 TFS Edition. Is it possible to change this file comparer to external one (Beyond Compare, for example)?
share|improve this question
2 Answers 2
up vote 5 down vote accepted
It does indeed look like it is possible (link to Beyond Compare makers site outlining how)
Here are the steps from that link that are specific to Beyond Compare and TFS:
 1. In Visual Studio Choose Options from the Tools menu.
 2. Expand Source Control in the treeview.
 3. Click Visual Studio Team Foundation Server in the treeview.
 4. Click the Configure User Tools button.
 5. Click the Add button.
 6. Enter ".*" in the Extension edit.
 7. Choose Compare in the Operation combobox.
 8. Enter the path to BComp.exe in the Command edit.
 9. In the Arguments edit, use: %1 %2 /title1=%6 /title2=%7
3-way Merge (v3 Pro)
 1. Follow steps 1-6 above.
 2. Choose Merge in the Operation combobox.
 3. Enter the path to BComp.exe in the Command edit.
 4. In the Arguments edit, use: %1 %2 %3 %4 /title1=%6 /title2=%7 /title3=%8 /title4=%9
2-way Merge (v3 Std, v2)
Use the same steps as the 3-way merge above, but use the command line: %1 %2 /savetarget=%4 /title1=%6 /title2=%7
share|improve this answer
This method should work with other diff tools, provided you know how to pass arguments in right order. – apoorv020 Feb 28 '11 at 14:24
it works, thank you. – Zzz Feb 28 '11 at 18:00
Your Answer


Learning and Development @ Fidelity
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Fidelity is committed to providing a learning culture, where colleagues are encouraged to learn and develop their careers with us and supports its people to develop skills with practical, timely and relevant learning solutions.
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10% of learning is more formal training; classroom training, virtual course e-learning as well as professional qualifications gained outside of Fidelity. This learning is maximised when you combine it with applying what you learn 'on the job' (the 70%) and continuing to practice and reflect on your learning with others (the 20%).
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The You Testament: The 2D Coming MOD APK 1.091 (Unlocked All) For Android
The You Testament
About The You Testament
You Testament is considered the last game of Mat Dickie. However, after that, he changed his mind and created a sequel with content called Making a Prophet around Muhammad, who founded Islam.
In terms of content, The You Testament focuses on stories written in the Bible. After completing the character creation, in the first scene you will go back to B.C's past and meet Jesus immediately. You can choose from famous people from history or movies, possibly Columbus, Thor, or Luke Skywalker.
The You Testament
The You Testament
In the game you will experience 50 stories from the Bible. And it is you who experiences it, you can change it and rewrite it as you wish. The game offers ways to explain biblical events in a unique and creative way. If you are not a religious person, there are still many interesting things in the game for you. You can understand that The You Testament is a normal life simulation game, despite using context and biblical stories and history. We can create our own lives and see how our actions and decisions can affect the future.
The You Testament
The main screen of the game has the virtual joystick key on the left to control the character moving up, down, left and right. Double click on the direction you want to run. I will also describe the remaining keys.
 - A: Attack.
 - G: Throw it or hold it.
 - Q: Lifting or dropping an object.
 - U: Use the object you want.
 - P + U: combine any two objects.
 - Eye symbol: click to sleep, long press to meditate.
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Each decision opens a new story
Correct. This helps The You Testament provide players with different experiences. In one scene, a guard arrived and asked him to pay taxes. If you are willing to cooperate, nothing bad will happen. But if you refuse, it will put you in jail and many new stories will emerge. So, one way or another, you can still continue your adventure.
Many interesting activities
When you play The You Testament, your character is constantly feeling very hungry. The solution is that you can catch some animals like chickens, rabbits, geese and kill them to eat them. However, if your food bar is full and you continue to eat, you may vomit. This greatly reduces your health.
The You Testament
Sleep is the best way to regain health. One thing you should know is that it is better to sleep in bed or in a warm place than on the floor. Because sleeping on the floor can lower your energy bar.
There are many people who need your help during your adventure. Some people are dying, you can save their lives by holding them by the arms. You will be happy and grateful. Good work is always great, right?
MOD feature
 - All unlocked
Download : The You Testament
APK File:
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tarsnap-keymgmt (1) - Linux Man Pages
tarsnap-keymgmt: generate subsets of
tarsnap-keymgmt - generate subsets of tarsnap(1) key files
--outkeyfile new-key-file [-r ] [-w ] [-d ] [--nuke ] [--passphrased ] [--passphrase-mem maxmem ] key-file...
reads the provided key files and writes a new key file containing only the keys required for the operations specified via the -r (list and extract archives), -w (write archives), -d (delete archives), and --nuke flags. Note that -d implies -r since it is impossible to delete an individual archive without being able to read it; while a key file generated with --nuke can be used to delete all the archives stored, but not individual archives.
The --recover command requires either (1) -d (archive deleting), (2) -w (archive creating), or (3) --nuke keys. The --fsck command requires either (1) both -w (archive writing) and -r (archive reading) keys, or (2) -d (archive deleting) keys. The --fsck-prune command requires -d (archive deleting) keys, since it needs to be able to delete corrupted archives.
If the --passphrased option is specified, the user will be prompted to enter a passphrase (twice) to be used to encrypt the key file.
If the --passphrase-mem maxmem option is specified, a maximum of maxmem bytes of RAM will be used in the scrypt key derivation function to encrypt the key file; it may be necessary to set this option if a key file is being created on a system with far more RAM than the system on which the key file will be used.


- Email
Malawi Congress Party
Alternate title: MCP
Thank you for helping us expand this topic!
The topic Malawi Congress Party is discussed in the following articles:
design of Malaŵi flag
 - TITLE: flag of Malawi
 Malawi's first national flag was hoisted at independence, on July 6, 1964. The design of the flag, three equal horizontal stripes of black, red, and green, corresponded to the flag used by the Malawi Congress Party, then the dominant political force in the country. The stripes on the flag symbolized respectively the African people of the country, the blood of martyrs for independence, and the...
government leadership role
 - TITLE: Malawi
 SECTION: Political process
 Malawi was a de facto one-party state from August 1961, when the first general elections were held, until 1966, when the constitution formally recognized the Malawi Congress Party (MCP), led by Banda, as the sole political organization. The 1966 constitution was amended in 1993 to allow for a multiparty political system, and since then several other political parties have emerged, with the...
 - TITLE: Malawi
 SECTION: The Banda regime, 1963–94
 Malawi's 1966 constitution established a one-party state under the Malawi Congress Party (MCP), which in turn was controlled by Banda, who consistently and ruthlessly suppressed any opposition. From independence the MCP government became a conservative, pro-Western regime, supported by a bicameral National Assembly whose members were elected within the single-party system.
history of Southern Africa
 - TITLE: Southern Africa
 SECTION: Malawi and Zambia
 ...were persuaded to move toward decolonization. By 1961–62 the nationalists had been released and new constitutions drawn up, and in 1963 the federation was dissolved. In the following year the Malawi Congress Party under Hastings Kamuzu Banda and the United National Independence Party (UNIP) under Kenneth Kaunda won the first universal suffrage elections in Nyasaland and Northern Rhodesia,...
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text:
Guedel Airways (Disposable)
NO: 0, 00, 000, 1, 2, 3, 4
How to use:
An guedel airway is a medical device called an airway adjunct used to maintain or open a patient's airway.
It does this by preventing the tongue from covering the epiglottis, which could prevent the person from breathing. When a person becomes unconscious, the muscles in their jaw relax and allow the tongue to obstruct the airway.
Please choose from the options below:
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Hogweed UK map tracker: Where do you find dangerous giant hogweed plants?
GIANT Hogweed, also knowns as Heracleum Mantegazzianum, is a dangerous plant that grows in some areas of the UK. Where do you find dangerous giant hogweed plants?
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Giant hogweed: Plant is a huge hazard to children says gardener
Although stunning when fully grown, giant hogweed is an invasive plant and can potentially be harmful. Chemicals in the sap can cause photosensitivity, where skin becomes extremely vulnerable to sunlight. People who come into contact with giant hogweed plants often report symptoms such as skin blistering, pigmentation and long-lasting scars.
Where do you find dangerous giant hogweed plants?
Giant Hogweed belongs to the Apiaceae family, which includes other well-known plants such as parsley, carrots, parsnips, cumin and coriander.
A native of the Caucasus mountains of south-west Asia, it was introduced to the UK in the late 19th Century as a decorative plant.
Giant Hogweed grows all over Britain but is most commonly found along riverbanks where the seeds are transported via the water.
The Royal Horticultural Society says that areas commonly affected by Giant Hogweed include "gardens and allotments adjacent to infected woodland, heathland or common land".
READ MORE: Japanese knotweed: How dogs could help you root out dangerous plant
Hogweed UK map tracker: Hogweed
Hogweed UK map tracker: Where do you find dangerous giant hogweed plants? (Image: Getty)
Hogweed UK map tracker: Hogweed
Hogweed UK map tracker: Giant hogweed can cause skin blisters and photosensitivity (Image: Getty)
Hogweed also grows along country footpaths, and in places like parks, cemeteries and wastelands.
To find where Giant Hogweed grows near you, you can use this map to do so.
What does Giant Hogweed look like?
When Giant Hogweed is fully grown, it can reach heights of up to 5metres, and have a spread of between 1 and 2metres.
Hogweed UK map tracker: Hogweed
Hogweed UK map tracker: Hogweed's attractive appearance makes it especially dangerous (Image: Getty)
Hogweed forms a rosette of jagged, lopsided leaves in its first year, before sending up a flower spike in its second year and developing seeds.
Giant Hogweed is actually a very appealing and attractive plant, which makes it especially dangerous.
Hogweed's stems grow with purple blotches and stiff, white hairs, and they are hollow with ridges that have a thick circle of hairs at the base of each stalk.
Giant Hogweed's leaves can grow up to 1.5m wide and 3m long, and is divided into smaller leafs.
Giant hogweed plant burns: How do you treat giant hogweed burn? [INSIGHT]
Hogweed warning: Lockdown sparks eruption in toxic weed that can blind [WARNING]
Giant hogweed takeover: Can UK's most dangerous plant be stopped? [ANALYSIS]
Hogweed UK map tracker: Hogweed
Hogweed UK map tracker: Hogweed most often grows alongside river banks and footpaths (Image: Getty)
These closely resemble a rhubarb leaf, with irregular and very sharp and jagged edges.
The appearance of its leaves has given rise to another common name for Giant Hogweed – wild rhubarb.
Flowers of the plant appear in June and July and are small and white, or sometimes slightly pink, and are clustered on umbrella-like heads.
These heads are known as umbels and can reach a diameter of 60cm, while all the flowers on the umbel face upwards.
Hogweed seeds are dry, flattened, oval in shape and almost 1cm long with tan brown lines extending the majority of the seed.
The best way to avoid injury is by familiarising yourself with the plant.
Avoid brushing through patches of Giant Hogweed and exposing yourself to cut plants, which may cause sap to get on your skin.
If you do get giant hogweed sap on your skin, be sure to wash the area thoroughly immediately.
Seek medical advice and make sure not to expose the area to sunlight for at least a few days.


text:
Background: Flavonoids such as naringenin and naringin are suggested to affect lipid metabolism by modulating the activity of ∆6 and ∆5 fatty acid desaturases and other key genes and enzymes. Consequently, the biosynthesis of n-3 LC-PUFA from ALA is likely to be modulated in the presence of flavonoids.
Aim: To investigate the effect of naringenin and naringin on n-3 LC-PUFA biosynthesis from ALA in hepatocytes.
Methods: FaO hepatocytes were seeded in 30 small flasks then incubated for 5 days with or without 100 µM ALA (3 flasks each) with no added flavonoids. Other flasks received 100 µM ALA in addition to either naringenin (6 flasks, 50 µg/mL of culture medium) or naringin (6 flasks, 20 µg/mL of culture medium). Also, 6 flasks received naringenin and 6 other flasks received naringin but without adding ALA. Two-way ANOVA tested the differences and interaction between groups.
Results: EPA content was marginally but significantly enhanced in hepatocytes incubated with naringenin and ALA (1.0±0.1µg/mg of cells) and naringin with ALA (0.9±0.1µg/mg of cells). Flavonoids without ALA did not change EPA content in the cells. Also, the flavonoids did not significantly improve DPA or DHA content in the cells regardless of ALA supplementation.
Conclusions: Naringin and naringenin, flavonoids from citrus peel, have a potential in improving n-3 LC-PUFA biosynthesis from ALA in hepatocytes in vitro. Further studies can confirm this effect in vivo and provide an insight into functional foods interaction with fatty acid metabolism.
Funding Source: None.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I have a list of possible substrings, e.g. ['cat', 'fish', 'dog']. In practice the list contains hundreds of entries.
I'm processing a string, and what I'm looking for is to find the index of first appearance of any of these substrings.
To clarify, for '012cat' the result is 3, and for '0123dog789cat' the result is 4.
I also need to know which substring was found (e.g. its index in the substring list or the text itself), or at least the length of the substring matched.
There are obvious brute-force ways to achieve this, I wondered if there's any elegant Python/Regex solution for this.
Thanks, Rax
share|improve this question
Is the list of substrings constant? I'm asking because using Regex type solutions usually involve some precomputations of the regular expression (rsp. the list of substrings in your case). Would that precomputation be amortized over many searches? – Accipitridae May 9 '09 at 7:30
6 Answers 6
up vote 27 down vote accepted
I would assume a regex is better than checking for each substring individually because conceptually the regular expression is modeled as a DFA, and so as the input is consumed all matches are being tested for at the same time (resulting in one scan of the input string).
So, here is an example:
import re
def work():
 to_find = re.compile("cat|fish|dog")
 search_str = "blah fish cat dog haha"
 match_obj = to_find.search(search_str)
 the_index = match_obj.start() # produces 5, the index of fish
 which_word_matched = match_obj.group() # "fish"
 # Note, if no match, match_obj is None
UPDATE: Some care should be taken when combining words in to a single pattern of alternative words. The following code builds a regex, but escapes any regex special characters and sorts the words so that longer words get a chance to match before any shorter prefixes of the same word:
def wordlist_to_regex(words):
 escaped = map(re.escape, words)
 combined = '|'.join(sorted(escaped, key=len, reverse=True))
 return re.compile(combined)
>>> r.search('smash atomic particles').span()
(6, 10)
>>> r.search('visit usenet:comp.lang.python today').span()
(13, 29)
>>> r.search('a north\south division').span()
(2, 13)
>>> r.search('012cat').span()
(3, 6)
>>> r.search('0123dog789cat').span()
(4, 7)
It should be noted that you will want to form the regex (ie - call to re.compile()) as little as possible. The best case would be you know ahead of time what your searches are (or you compute them once/infrequently) and then save the result of re.compile somewhere. My example is just a simple nonsense function so you can see the usage of the regex. There are some more regex docs here:
Hope this helps.
UPDATE: I am unsure about how python implements regular expressions, but to answer Rax's question about whether or not there are limitations of re.compile() (for example, how many words you can try to "|" together to match at once), and the amount of time to run compile: neither of these seem to be an issue. I tried out this code, which is good enough to convince me. (I could have made this better by adding timing and reporting results, as well as throwing the list of words into a set to ensure there are no duplicates... but both of these improvements seem like overkill). This code ran basically instantaneously, and convinced me that I am able to search for 2000 words (of size 10), and that and of them will match appropriately. Here is the code:
import random
import re
import string
import sys
def main(args):
 words = []
 letters_and_digits = "%s%s" % (string.letters, string.digits)
 for i in range(2000):
 chars = []
 for j in range(10):
 words.append(("%s"*10) % tuple(chars))
 search_for = re.compile("|".join(words))
 first, middle, last = words[0], words[len(words) / 2], words[-1]
 search_string = "%s, %s, %s" % (last, middle, first)
 match_obj = search_for.search(search_string)
 if match_obj is None:
 print "Ahhhg"
 index = match_obj.start()
 which = match_obj.group()
 if index!= 0:
 print "ahhhg"
 if words[-1]!= which:
 print "ahhg"
 print "success!!! Generated 2000 random words, compiled re, and was able to perform matches."
if __name__ == "__main__":
UPDATE: It should be noted that the order of of things ORed together in the regex matters. Have a look at the following test inspired by TZOTZIOY:
>>> search_str = "01catdog"
>>> test1 = re.compile("cat|catdog")
>>> match1 = test1.search(search_str)
>>> match1.group()
>>> match1.start()
>>> test2 = re.compile("catdog|cat") # reverse order
>>> match2 = test2.search(search_str)
>>> match2.group()
>>> match2.start()
This suggests the order matters :-/. I am not sure what this means for Rax's application, but at least the behavior is known.
UPDATE: I posted this questions about the implementation of regular expressions in Python which will hopefully give us some insight into the issues found with this question.
share|improve this answer
This surely works, but I have a question - isn't there a limitation on the size of the regex definition? If I have 1000 substrings, will it still work? Is there any significant performance degradation relative to the number of words (i.e. that's more than linear in the size of the list)? Regarding your other clarifications, my list of substrings is being update only once a day or so, I think it's no issue to generate the regex definition and call "compile" at this frequency. Many thanks – Roee Adler May 9 '09 at 7:55
@ rax did you see my new solution? I basically fixed everything about it and submitted it 20 seconds after this one. – Unknown May 9 '09 at 8:09
_USER_: Hopefully the example code I added helps convince you the re module will be fine :-). – Tom May 9 '09 at 8:49
I would suggest the "|".join(words) too, but there's the issue that searching for ["cacat", "cat"] in "this cacat is a cat" returns [("cacat", 5), ("cat", 16)] instead of [("cacat", 5), ("cat", 7)], although this could be the wanted behaviour. – tzot May 9 '09 at 10:10
Many so-called regular expression syntaxes are not actually "regular". That is, they are actually more powerful than true regular expressions and therefore cannot be represented as a DFA. An example of this which shows up in Python, Perl and even grep is back-references. Take the Python regex r"(a+)b\1". This matches some number of a's, a b, and then the same number of a's as before. This is non-regular. RE engines that support backreferences actually use an NFA. Some RE engines are smart enough to switch to using DFAs for regexes that are actually regular, but I don't think Python does this. – Laurence Gonsalves May 9 '09 at 18:53
subs = ['cat', 'fish', 'dog']
sentences = ['0123dog789cat']
import re
subs = re.compile("|".join(subs))
def search():
 for sentence in sentences:
 result = subs.search(sentence)
 if result!= None:
 return (result.group(), result.span()[0])
# ('dog', 4)
share|improve this answer
I think he only has 1 "sentence" – Paolo Bergantino May 9 '09 at 7:30
Thanks, but this is not what I'm looking for. First, it does not find the first occurrence (in the second sentence it will return the occurrence of "cat", i.e. 10, instead of "dog"'s, i.e. 4). There are obvious solutions but it's very very brute force (iterate until the last substring and constantly maintain the first occurrence). I'm under the impression that Python must have some library function for this... – Roee Adler May 9 '09 at 7:30
I don't like when my answers get "sniped" either... but I didn't mean to steal your thunder. +1 because your solution is technically correct. Two comments: it does not discuss the scalability concerns that Rax had, and I don't like the "return" statement, as it would prematurely exit if you had more sentences in sentences. Other than that, it's short and to the point, and warrants some reputation. – Tom May 9 '09 at 20:51
_USER_, "I don't like the "return" statement, as


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Deaf people face many dangers in their daily lives. One of the dangers is that they cannot hear in time because they cannot hear the sound of car horns. The function of this product is to remind the deaf people to come behind the car, attract the user's attention and reduce the harm to their users. This will help reduce the difference between people with disabilities and normal people, reduce the sense of inferiority of people with disabilities, and give people with disabilities some hope. The more hope, the stronger the sense of happiness in society.
Zhengzhou institute of light indust
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Shun Yuan,
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Chenglong Pu,
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text:
The Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act (H.R. 4986) (often abbreviated DIDMCA or MCA) is a United States federal financial statute passed in 1980 and signed by President Jimmy Carter on March 31st. It gave the Federal Reserve greater control over non-member banks.
- It forced all banks to abide by the Fed's rules.
- It allowed banks to merge.
- It removed the power of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors under the Glass–Steagall Act to use Regulation Q to set maximum interest rates for any deposit accounts other than demand deposit accounts (with a six-year phase-out).
- It allowed NOW Accounts to be offered nationwide.
- It raised the deposit insurance of US banks and credit unions from $40,000 to $100,000.
- It allowed credit unions and savings and loans to offer checkable deposits.
- It allowed institutions to charge any loan interest rates they choose.
- It required that banks be charged Fed Float for use of funds received before clearing between depository institutions.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Which guitar position, classical or folk, produces greater volume? We are doing a science experiment and can not find good resources.
share|improve this question
closed as unclear what you're asking by Alexander Troup, Dom, Dr Mayhem Apr 20 at 20:00
Do you mean TYPE of guitar (steel or nylon string) or playing position? – Bob Broadley Apr 19 at 19:02
Please clarify your question. – seseorang Apr 20 at 6:31
For a proper scientific experiment, it's best not to use hearsay or others' opinions. You should get actual guitars and mics (even mobile phones would do), and log results.Hence, your resources will be guitars/players/mics. – Tim Apr 20 at 9:02
Hi Sally - as has been asked, can you edit your question to describe what you are asking. Both Carl and guitarsean have answers which may be right, but without some clarity in your question it is difficult to know. – Dr Mayhem Apr 20 at 20:01
2 Answers 2
Wait: is your experiment intended to answer this question? What exactly do you need to know?
It might be very helpful to take a highly directional microphone and place it at a set of points on a hemisphere about the guitar's surface (plus a highly repeatable plucking mechanism to ensure the source sound pressure is constant). Alternatively, mount a microphone at one position and rotate the guitar about two axes.
Either way, this is not an experiment easily performed.
share|improve this answer
was the term 'axes' deliberate?! – Tim Apr 20 at 10:52
Do you mean position of the picking hand, fret hand note position, or position of the mic relative to the guitar? A guitar played with a pick will be louder than fingers. Plucked or strummed closer to the bridge will seem louder due to added brightness. A mic placed parallel to the sound hole and as close as possible will be the loudest mic position, but frankly will also sound awful. Acoustic guitars are almost never mic'd straight on to the sound hole. Common mic placements to start with are slightly behind the bridge at a 45 degree angle and aimed at the 12th fret, also at a slight angle (so the mic diaphragm is not parallel to the guitar).
share|improve this answer


text:
How many cubic meter in 1 cubic kilometre?
The answer is _PHONE_.
We assume you are converting between cubic metre and cubic kilometre.
You can view more details on each measurement unit:
cubic meter or cubic kilometre
The SI derived unit for volume is the cubic meter.
1 cubic meter is equal to 1.0E-9 cubic kilometre.
Note that rounding errors may occur, so always check the results.
Use this page to learn how to convert between cubic meters and cubic kilometers.
Type in your own numbers in the form to convert the units!
The cubic metre (symbol m³) is the SI derived unit of volume. It is the volume of a cube with edges one metre in length. Older equivalents were the stere and the kilolitre.
The cubic kilometer is a metric measure of volume or capacity equal to a cube 1 kilometer on each edge.
ConvertUnits.com provides an online conversion calculator for all types of measurement units. You can find metric conversion tables for SI units, as well as English units, currency, and other data. Type in unit symbols, abbreviations, or full names for units of length, area, mass, pressure, and other types. Examples include mm, inch, 100 kg, US fluid ounce, 6'3", 10 stone 4, cubic cm, metres squared, grams, moles, feet per second, and many more!
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text:
Increment/ Decrement Operators
Increment/ Decrement operators are also called unary operators. Another name of these operators is also counter operator. These are two as ++ (increment operator) and — (Decrement Operator). Increment operators are used for incrementing the value one by one. Similarly decrement operator are used for decrementing the value one by one. These are further subdivided into two categories:
- Prefix Operator
- Postfix Operator
In C programming language prefix increment operator, first of all value will be incremented and then incremented value will be assigned to a variable. Similarly prefix decrement operator will decrement the value and then the decremented value will be assigned to the variable. The general way is represented as:
++v; --v; where v is variable
In C programming language postfix increment operator, first of all value will be assigned to the variable and then it will be incremented. Similarly in the postfix decrement operator, value will be assigned and then it will be decremented.
v++; v--; where v is variable
Take a look at the example below to see what's the difference between postfix and prefix increment/ Decrement operators.
For ex – x is a variable having value 7 and then y is another variable which will be computed by using x variable.
x=7; x=7; y=++x;(prefix Increment) y=x++;(postfix increment) After Processing The value of y be 8 The value of y be 7 The value of x be 8 The value of y be 8
Similarly Decrement prefix/postfix operators work.


Purkinje effect
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Jump to: navigation, search
The Purkinje effect (sometimes called the Purkinje shift, or dark adaptation and named after the Czech anatomist Jan Evangelista Purkyně) is the tendency for the peak luminance sensitivity of the human eye to shift toward the blue end of the color spectrum at low illumination levels.[1][2][page needed]
This effect introduces a difference in color contrast under different levels of illumination. For instance, in bright sunlight, geranium flowers appear bright red against the dull green of their leaves, or adjacent blue flowers, but in the same scene viewed at dusk, the contrast is reversed, with the red petals appearing a dark red or black, and the leaves and blue petals appearing relatively bright.
The sensitivity to light in scotopic vision varies with wavelength, though the perception is essentially black-and-white. The Purkinje shift is the relation between the absorption maximum of rhodopsin, reaching a maximum at about 500 nm, and that of the opsins in the long-wavelength and medium-wavelength cones that dominate in photopic vision, about 555 nm.[3]
In visual astronomy, the Purkinje shift can affect visual estimates of variable stars when using comparison stars of different colors, especially if one of the stars is red.
The effect occurs because the color-sensitive cones in the retina are most sensitive to green light, whereas the rods, which are more light-sensitive (and thus more important in low light) but which do not distinguish colors, respond best to green-blue light.[4] This is why humans become virtually color-blind under low levels of illumination, for instance moonlight.
The Purkinje effect occurs at the transition between primary use of the photopic (cone-based) and scotopic (rod-based) systems, that is, in the mesopic state: as intensity dims, the rods take over, and before color disappears completely, it shifts towards the rods' top sensitivity.[5]
Use of red lights[edit]
The insensitivity of rods to long-wavelength light has led to the use of red lights under certain special circumstances – for example, in the control rooms of submarines, in research laboratories, aircraft, or during naked-eye astronomy.[6]
Under conditions where it is desirable to have both the photopic and scotopic systems active, red lights provide a solution. Submarines are dimly lit to preserve the night vision of the crew members working there, but the control room must be lit to allow crew members to read instrument panels. By using red lights, or wearing red goggles, the cones can receive enough light to provide photopic vision (namely the high-acuity vision required for reading). The rods are not saturated by the bright red light because they are not sensitive to long-wavelength light, so the crew members remain dark adapted.[7] Similarly, airplane cockpits use red lights so pilots can read their instruments and maps while maintaining night vision to see outside the aircraft.
Red lights are also often used in research settings. Many research animals (such as rats and mice) have limited photopic vision - as they have far fewer cone photoreceptors.[8] By using red lights, the animal subjects remain "in the dark" (the active period for nocturnal animals), but the human researchers, who have one kind of cone that is sensitive to long wavelengths, are able to read instruments or perform procedures that would be impractical even with fully dark adapted (but low acuity) scotopic vision.[9] For the same reason, zoo displays of nocturnal animals often are illuminated with red light.
The effect was discovered in 1819 by Jan Evangelista Purkyně. Purkyně was a polymath[10] who would often meditate at dawn during long walks in the blossomed Bohemian fields. Purkyně noticed that his favorite flowers appeared bright red on a sunny afternoon, while at dawn they looked very dark. He reasoned that the eye has not one but two systems adapted to see colors, one for bright overall light intensity, and the other for dusk and dawn.
Purkyně wrote in his Neue Beiträge:[10][11]
Objectively, the degree of illumination has a great influence on the intensity of color quality. In order to prove this most vividly, take some colors before daybreak, when it begins slowly to get lighter. Initially one sees only black and grey. Particularly the brightest colors, red and green, appear darkest. Yellow cannot be distinguished from a rosy red. Blue became noticeable to me first. Nuances of red, which otherwise burn brightest in daylight, namely carmine, cinnabar and orange, show themselves as darkest for quite a while, in contrast to their average brightness. Green appears more bluish to me, and its yellow tint develops with increasing daylight only.
See also[edit]
 1. ^ Frisby JP (1980). Seeing: Illusion, Brain and Mind. Oxford University Press : Oxford.
 2. ^ Purkinje JE (1825). Neue Beiträge zur Kenntniss des Sehens in Subjectiver Hinsicht. Reimer : Berlin. pp. 109–110.
 3. ^ "Eye, human." Encyclopædia Britannica 2006 Ultimate Reference Suite DVD
 4. ^ Cornsweet TN (1970). Visual Perception. Academic Press : New York. pp. 145–148.
 5. ^ "Human eye – anatomy". Britannica online. "The Purkinje shift has an interesting psychophysical correlate; it may be observed, as evening draws on, that the luminosities of different colours of flowers in a garden change; the reds become much darker or black, while the blues become much brighter. What is happening is that, in this range of luminosities, called mesopic, both rods and cones are responding, and, as the rod responses become more pronounced – i.e., as darkness increases – the rod luminosity scale prevails over that of the cones."
 6. ^ Barbara Fritchman Thompson (2005). Astronomy Hacks: Tips and Tools for Observing the Night Sky. O'Reilly. pp. 82–86. ISBN 978-0-596-10060-5.
 7. ^ "On the Prowl with Polaris". Popular Science 181 (3): 59–61. September 1962. ISSN 0161-7370.
 8. ^ Jeon et al. (1998) J. Neurosci 18, 8936
 9. ^ James G. Fox, Stephen W. Barthold, Muriel T. Davisson, and Christian E. Newcomer (2007). The mouse in biomedical research: Normative Biology, Husbandry, and Models. Academic Press. p. 291. ISBN 978-0-12-369457-7.
 10. ^ a b Nicholas J. Wade and Josef Brožek (2001). Purkinje's Vision. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. p. 13. ISBN 978-0-8058-3642-4.
 11. ^ As quoted in: Grace Maxwell Fernald (1909). "The Effect of Achromatic Conditions on the Color Phenomena of Peripheral Vision". Psychological Monograph Supplements (Baltimore : The Review Publishing Company) X (3): 9.
External links[edit]


text:
The display promises to give a fascinating insight into the lives of ordinary Scots workers who involved themselves in the development of the early trade union movement. Highlights of the exhibition are:
- The original deed of establishment in 1761 of the Fenwick Weavers' Society in Ayrshire which is regarded as the world's first ever co-operative society
- A membership card issued almost two centuries ago to one of the first ever trade unionists in Scotland
- The service and pay book for John Dunlop who fought against fascism in the Spanish Civil War
Finding out more about ordinary folk rather than the 'great and the good' is always a challenge when using documentary sources, but exhibitions like this can at least give us a glimpse into aspects of the lives of our more 'humble' ancestors.
The exhibition runs from 2nd September until the end of October at George IV Bridge, Edinburgh, and should be well worth a visit. More details can be found at: _URL_
|Image: Simon Howden / FreeDigitalPhotos.net|


text:
We have used a scanning tunneling microscope to measure the density of electronic states (DOS) in the vicinity of step edges and twin boundaries on the surface of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ. We find that 90° twin boundaries do not perturb superconducting DOS at all; however, near step edges, within a coherence length in the direction perpendicular to step, we find strong filling-in of the energy gap in the DOS. In this region of suppressed superconductivity, for step edges oriented at a 45° degree relative to the CU-O bond direction, the spectra show evidence for the formation of an Andreev bound state, which results in a resonance in the DOS at the Fermi level.
|Original language||English (US)|
|Number of pages||4|
|Journal||Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics|
|State||Published - Sep 1 2002|
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
- Condensed Matter Physics


text:
epoxidize is a valid word in this word list. For a definition, see the external dictionary links below.
The word "epoxidize" uses 9 letters: D E E I I O P X Z.
No direct anagrams for epoxidize found in this word list.
Words formed by adding one letter before or after epoxidize (in bold), or to deeiiopxz in any order:
d - epoxidized s - epoxidizes
Words within epoxidize
not shown as it has more than seven letters.
Try a search for epoxidize in these online resources (some words may not be found):
OneLook Dictionaries -
Each search will normally open in a new window.
List all words starting with epoxidize, words containing epoxidize or words ending with epoxidize
All words formed from epoxidize by changing one letter
Other words with the same letter pairs: ep po ox xi id di iz ze
Browse words starting with epoxidize by next letter
Previous word in list: epoxides
Next word in list: epoxidized
Some random words: hmm


Pilot Projection Calculator Assumptions
This Calculator uses the following hiring pilot demand models.
The Calculator uses the 50% mark in Seniority as a conservative estimate for upgrade time at each individual airline. Obviously most places will probably see upgrades before this due to a percentage of FO's opting to remain FO's for QOL reasons.
The pay schedule for a particular model, estimates the number of time spent in each equipment type by taking into account the percent of the fleet each type represents. For example if MD90's represent 30% of the total fleet then a 11 year average upgrade could expect a little over 3 years as an FO in the MD90. The Capt upgrades apply a longer window to keep the model conservative, it assumes the average time at the mainline carrier will be 30 years before retirement.
The Regional Model unfortunately is only FO and CAPT Jet Rates, for simplicity purposes. RJ rates are assumed for all of the regional options, for now. For more complex airlines like Republic, the model applies a conservative scale to show progression through Republic's multi-type jets. The number of years each aircraft type receives is weighted by the percentage that particular fleet type represents in the total fleet.
Regional Wage is calculated by taking hourly wage multiplied by 80 hours a month. Mainline Wage is calculated by taking the hourly wage and retirement contribution percentage multiplied by 75 hours per month.
The right side of each wage column is a year over year accrual of wages from the start year till retirement. This year over year accrual applies your selected rate as an annual interest rate for each year. This would be your how you value your present money verse future money. For example 1,000 dollars in your pocket today, is more valuable than 1,000 dollars next year in your pocket. The 1000 dollars in your pocket today could be invested, or consumed.
This is a good article to explain the difference between present and future value of money.
To keep things simple no inflation is considered. Making this assumption assumes over the life of this model Professional Pilot compensation will match inflation.
As a reminder this model is just a rough estimate over the next 20 years, and just applys this estimate to pay. As with anything, compensation is only a small part of any career decision, the company culture, management team, and QOL are large factors.
Some things that might make this model obsolete.
 - Regional Consolidation, and Capacity Reduction ( This model assumes stagnant regional capacity)
 - Inflation
 - Mainline Consolidation
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text:
Most of Arizona has experienced low levels of recorded seismicity, but a comprehensive analyses of seismic activity revealed that nearly 1,000 earthquakes have rattled the stated over the past three years.
Researchers at ASU's School of Earth and Science Exploration used new seismic data collected as part of the EarthScope project to develop methods to detect and locate small magnitude earthquakes across the entire state.
EarthScope's USArray Transportable Array was deployed in Arizona and provided the first opportunity to examine seismicity on a statewide scale. Its increased sensitivity allowed researchers to find almost 1,000 earthquakes during a three-year period, including many in regions of Arizona that were previously thought to be seismically inactive.
One-thousand earthquakes over three years may sound alarmingly high, but ninety-one percent of the quakes detected were "microquakes" with a magnitude of 2.0 or smaller. These quakes are typically not felt by humans.
The largest earthquakes and the majority of seismic activity recorded in Arizona have been located in the north-central portion of Arizona. Recently, a pair of magnitude 4.9 and 5.3 earthquakes occurred in the Cataract Creek area outside of Flagstaff. Earthquakes of magnitude 4.0 or larger also have occurred in other areas of the state, including a magnitude 4.2 earthquake in December 2003 in eastern Arizona and a magnitude 4.9 earthquake near Chino Valley in 1976.
The results of the study appear in a paper titled, "Seismicity within Arizona during the Deployment of the EarthScope USArray Transportable Array," published in the August 2012 issue of the Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America.


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A layman does not know how the sun appears and disappears, but an astronomer, he knows very well the movements of the sun, moon, and other planets' appearance and disappearance. This is a science, astronomy. Similarly, there is a science of God by which you can understand how God appears, disappears, how He acts, how He works. Everything is there, but if you are not interested that does not mean that the science of God is false or there is no such science.
Srila Prabhupada's books, lectures, conversations and letters offer a comprehensive presentation of this essential subject as seen in the Vaniquotes Science of God category. An introduction from his books is given below in the following 10 quotes.
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WE CAN – Give your children a good start in life.
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Learn positive parenting tips for every age and stage. Parenting is a process that prepares your child for independence. You can do many things to help your child as he or she grows. Learn more about your child's development, positive parenting, safety, and health at each stage of your child's life.
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Emotional Eating – How to Break the Habit
In this weeks' episode of the podcast, Rachael talks about how challenging it can be to make or break a habit, and why emotional eating is such a difficult thing to address.
Listen as Rachael discusses:
- What exactly IS a habit?
- Why do they hold you back?
- How mindfulness could help you break emotional eating habits
- The cue, routine, reward system and how knowing this can help you break emotional eating
- and lots more
Read the blog Rachael talks about here: _URL_
Download your emotional eating workbook here: _URL_


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AIR QUALITY: Seal off attached garage to prevent leaks
A CLOSER LOOK: Keep benzene at bay 0
Pollutants such as exhaust or fumes from paints, pesticides and machinery can leak into the house from an attached garage though the ceiling hatch, the door or gaps in the wall panelling. (File photo)
Some indoor air-quality problems may begin in the most unlikely places, such as an attached garage.
If your attached garage isn't used to store your vehicle and there aren't any other major chemical sources in that space, then the quality of garage-to-house air movement should not be a significant problem.
But if you normally start your car, even with the garage door wide open, or drive it into the garage, turn off the engine and then close the garage door, emissions of various chemicals and fluids from the engine can linger for hours. Both of the above activities can produce elevated concentrations of combustion pollutants that can find their way into your home.
This is not just a theory — a Health Canada study involving more than 100 houses revealed that houses with attached garages had measurable concentrations of benzene (a gasoline-related pollutant) in the indoor air, while houses without garages or detached garages had little or no benzene.
There are also secondary sources of pollutants in garages:
Gas-powered appliances, such as lawn mowers, chain saws and edging tools, have emission systems not as good as those found in cars.
Chemicals such as pesticides and herbicides often stored in the garage also are sources of pollutants.
It can be difficult to understand how and why garage air moves into the house. After all, there's at least one layer of drywall between the house and the garage and a significant amount of insulation. The door to the house also typically has weather stripping and a spring door closer.
So how does air get in? It can move through small cracks in the walls between the house and the garage, and through the ceiling. Because there are many tiny holes and cracks that permit this air exchange to take place, all houses experience some level of air flow from an attached garage to the interior of the house.
Here are some tips to help minimize garage air from entering your house:
Repair or replace drywall tape peeling off the walls and ceiling of the garage.
Repair any holes in the drywall, even screw holes.
If the garage has an attic hatch, ensure that the hatch is lined with weather stripping and that the hatch cover is heavy enough to sit firmly on the weather stripping.
Never run your vehicle more than a few minutes inside the garage even with the garage door open. If you must have your vehicle running, move it out of the garage and close the garage door to prevent wind from pushing the gases back into the garage.
The door(s) from the garage to the house should have a good gas seal or weather stripping around them.
Doors should be "fire rated," made of steel or solid wood, and should have a self-closing mechanism installed so the door closes firmly and completely.
Dryer, bathroom and kitchen vents should not exhaust into the garage and there shouldn't be any heat vents or air intakes from the furnace located in the garage.
If the garage walls and ceiling aren't covered with drywall, consider doing so at least for those walls directly adjacent to the interior of the home. Dry wall is the best material for this job as it has a fire rating, which most wood products do not.
If there are noxious chemicals in the garage, consider sending them to a hazardous waste disposal site, or store them outside in a shed.
If the garage is used to repair or maintain vehicles or machinery, consider installing an exhaust fan to vent gases out.
Rob Parker is a registered home inspector with the Ontario Association of Home Inspectors and certified master inspector with the National Association of Certified Home Inspectors who does home inspections in the London area.
Call him at ThamesSpec Home Inspection Service at _PHONE_, e-mail _EMAIL_ or visit _URL_.


NewsNational PoliticsThe Race
Emotional toll of racism impacts both mental and physical health
Posted at 10:30 AM, Nov 27, 2020
and last updated 2020-11-27 12:30:54-05
SAN ANTONIO, Texas – The moment Ryan Houston-Dial stepped on The University of Texas at San Antonio campus, he felt at home.
"This is where I want to be," said Houston-Dial of the feeling he got when he visited the school.
The university offered everything he wanted, but somehow, several semesters later, the psychology major was left feeling empty.
His classes were the first place he felt alone.
"Typically, I was the only African American male, so sometimes I feared tokenism, that I would have to be the speaker for a certain demographic," he said.
The feelings of worry and stress only grew with the racial unrest this year, and the pandemic.
"My mental health was pretty low. When you have to be able to try to process a lot of these things that are going on in America, and still have to go to work or go to school and act like that did not happen, I feel like you lose a part of yourself."
But Ryan couldn't accept that loss. He reached out to The Steve Fund: a nonprofit providing mental health resources specifically for students of color.
He joined an advisory board there to help develop solutions for colleges to support students of color better, especially through the pandemic.
Psychologists there also opened up conversations that helped him understand the emotional weight he was carrying inside himself.
"Racial trauma is real, and college students are likely entering into college already with racial trauma in their systems," said David Rivera with The Steve Fund. Rivera is also an Associate Professor at the Queens College of New York. "Racial trauma is inherited from our ancestors who had to endure very traumatic events, so we carry that with us."
We spoke with several psychologists to explore the conversation of healing racial trauma and where it comes from. We spoke with Dr. Theopia Jackson of the Association of Black Psychologists and the Chair for the Clinical Psychology degree program at Saybrook University and Winley K., a clinical psychologist who specializes in mental health care for young people of color.
Below, Jackson discusses the roots of institutional racism in the U.S.
"We glorify our forefathers in the efficacy, that they were trying to move forward. But we have to critically think, they were limited by what they knew at that time. At that time, we might presume, that there's this assumption they were not aware of their cognitive dissonance, thinking one way and behaving another. We can't say everyone has unalienable rights while you're still taking people's lands, owning people, and even the ways in which we have thought about and treated women in general and children in general, when they were owned by their husbands, so that's the cognitive dissonance. So we have to critically look at that and see how do we recognize where there are still roots of this in our ways of being?" said Jackson.
Winley K. said students come in for counseling often with racial trauma, and many don't fully realize it.
"People often come in and say, 'I just don't feel good, I don't have motivation for stuff, but I'm not sure why I feel like this,' but then they'll tell me that two days ago, someone called them the N word or in the classroom they're the only person of color and they feel like they're under a microscope and whenever something race related is brought up, people look to them for the answer, but they're still saying I don't know why I feel bad I don't know why it's hard for me to do things I don't understand, so a lot of the work is helping them draw connections between those pieces."
Houston-Dial realized he'd been living with that trauma for years.
"I believe around 12 or 13 years old, it started with the Trayvon Martin case, and I remember sitting in my living room, and I just started crying. It hit a certain point to where I almost didn't even know why I was crying. And as I became older, I began to more realize I was crying because when I saw Trayvon Martin, I saw a reflection of myself that, being an innocent Black boy very well in his neighborhood minding his own business could very well lose his life," said Houston-Dial.
This pain can be lessened with time and support. But without that, racial trauma can have real consequences on a person's health.
"There is a wellness impact to experiencing microaggressions, and when they go unchecked, they can create anxiety, they can create depression symptoms such as sadness, such as fatigue," said Rivera.
These microaggressions can take many forms. It can be a subtle racist comment or a derogatory look.
Below, Jackson discusses how consistent microaggressions can impact a person's health
All are damaging. That's why researchers say it's more important than ever to get young people mental health resources, because 50% of life long mental illness start showing up by the time a person turns 14, and 75% of chronic mental illness will likely emerge by age 24.
"The more that we can equip the young person in terms of helping them to understand the various dynamics they're likely to endure in their life, such as microaggressions and racial trauma, the better off this young person will be in the end," said David Rivera.
"There are those unseen or unrecognizable or small instances that can happen, and that is when we talk about microaggressions and people say, 'you speak really well' to a person of color, which is sort of a backhanded compliment." said Jackson. "The speaker may really have the intentions of giving a compliment, and the receiver may think it really was one, but within their spirit of some space, is what people may call the unconscious if you will, or the unknown parts of ourselves, these types of comments for the receiver can generate this idea of, 'wait a minute, why do I need to be complimented that I speak so well?' That has something to do with not being expected to speak so well particularly when our mainstream messages will in fact suggest that certain people from certain groups aren't supposed to speak very well," said Jackson. "We have science that suggests that exposure to consistent microaggressions can lead to physical challenges such as health care issues around diabetes and obesity and other things like that."
Psychologists say improving the situation will not only start on the individual level by giving young people better tools to help improve their mental health, but it will also take conversations about dismantling the institutional racism that exists all around us, including here on college campuses.
"The impact of institutionalized racism is pretty deep," said Rivera. "Their systems, their procedures, their structures were created for a very few at the expense of many."
But, both Rivera and Houston-Dial believe this system can be rebuilt.
"I believe right now, it's going to take empathy," said Houston-Dial.
More than that, it will take deep, honest conversations between all groups to come together, not grow further apart.
"It's gonna take those who are unaffected to be just as enraged as those who are affected on a daily basis, and from there we can start to have more honest conversations about what race is," said Houston-Dial.
With those conversations, this college student is hopeful change will come.
But, Houston-Dial is already creating change working with The Steve Fund, and his on-campus publication The Paisano.
He and a group of students, including Chevaughn Wellington, a medical student at Quinnipiac University, developed a report with ways to support youth of color, especially during the pandemic.
The Steve Fund is also now reaching out to high school students to provide mental health resources and a safe place to open up about emotional racial trauma.
On his own campus specifically, Houston-Dial and other students petitioned for more counselors to be available to students on campus, and the petition was successful. The university now has more options and mental health resources available for students.
These successes have been a beacon of hope to Houston-Dial in spite of the obstacles this year placed in front of him.
"I have a voice as an African American male in a society that very well may try to oppress me and put me down, but I can still be the icon to another African American male saying, 'Hey it is okay to want to cry, it is okay to want to talk about certain things that are bothering you and that: we can do this together,'" said Houston-Dial.
Because together, their plea for a better tomorrow cannot and will not be ignored.
"We just want to be seen as your equal. That's all we want," said Houston-Dial.
Words that exist in a complicated reality, but a reality this student and his peers will not stop fighting for.


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We live in a time of such rapid change that sometimes it feels like we might wake up one morning, walk outside the front door and be facing a future we didn't prepare for. Jean Houston, one of the early point riders of the human potential movement says : "It's time to wake up – learn to cook on more burners," because we have "come to the edge of our tolerance and it's time to jump." Because "we're all encoded with a dynamic purpose," Houston believes we can "create a new order of social artistry that reflects righteousness between people, creativity, health and spiritual power." Find out how to begin in this inspiring dialogue.
Jean Houston is a visionary thinker, teacher, and philosopher who pioneered the Human Potential Movement and established the Social Artistry leadership model that she used in her work with the United Nations Development Programme.
She is the author of nearly thirty books, including:
- A Mythic Life: Learning to Live our Greater Story (HarperSanFrancisco 1996)
- A Passion for the Possible: A Guide to Realizing Your True Potential (HarperSanFrancisco 1997)
- The Wizard of Us: Transformational Lessons from Oz (Beyond Words 2012)
To learn more about the work of Jean Houston go to _URL_.
Topics explored in this dialogue include:
- "Jump time" and how it relates to our place in history today
- What to do when the map no longer fits the territory
- Going from "this is me" to "we are"
- How the Internet relates to the "Inner-Net"
- Whole body learning
- Why it is so crucial to keep our cultural diversity alive
- Houston's hilarious five-year-old singing debut at Hollywood Bowl and how it changed her life
- Amazing stories of everyday people who changed the world
- The spiritual impulse behind technology
Host: Michael Toms Interview Date: 6/18/2000 Program Number: 2819


text:
In This Section:
Some information in this chapter applies only to block storage databases and is not relevant to aggregate storage databases.
To create an application and database:
See Creating a Database.
An Essbase application is a management structure that contains one or more Essbase databases and related files. Essbase applications and databases reside on an Essbase Server. The server computer can store multiple applications.
An Essbase database is a data repository that contains a multidimensional data storage array. A multidimensional database supports multiple views of data so that users can analyze the data and make meaningful business decisions. See Understanding Multidimensional Databases and Storage Allocation.
Files that are related to databases are called artifacts (or objects). Database artifacts perform actions against one or more Essbase databases, such as defining calculations or reporting against data. By default, artifacts are stored in their associated database folder on the Essbase Server, and can also be saved to a client computer or to other available network directories. You cannot, however, load data or calculate data on a client computer.
Some of these artifacts are optional, such as calculation scripts and LROs. See Application and Database File Types.
Database outlines define the structure of a multidimensional database, including all the dimensions, members, aliases, properties, types, consolidations, and mathematical relationships. The structure defined in the outline determines how data is stored in the database.
When a database is created, Essbase creates an outline for that database automatically. The outline has the same name as the database (dbname.otl). For example, when the Basic database is created within the Sample application, an outline is created in the following directory:
An Essbase database contains no data when it is created. Data load rules files are sets of operations that Essbase performs on data from an external data source file as the data is loaded, or copied, into the Essbase database. Dimension build rules files create or modify the dimensions and members in an outline dynamically based on data in an external data source. Rules files are typically associated with a particular database, but you can define rules for use with multiple databases. One rules file can be used for both data loads and dimension builds. Rules files have a.rul extension.
Calculation scripts are text files that contain sets of instructions telling Essbase how to calculate data in the database. Calculation scripts perform calculations different from the consolidations and mathematical operations that are defined in the database outline. Because calculation scripts perform specific mathematical operations on members, they are typically associated with a particular database. You can, however, define a calculation script for use with multiple databases. Calculation scripts files have a.csc extension.
Report scripts are text files that contain data retrieval, formatting, and output instructions to create a report from the database. Report scripts are typically associated with a particular database, but you can define a report script for use with multiple databases. Report scripts have a.rep extension.
Essbase provides a comprehensive system for managing access to applications, databases, and other artifacts. Each application and database contains its own security definitions that restrict user access.
Within Spreadsheet Add-in, users can create and save queries using Query Designer (EQD). Users with access to the query can access it later. Query files created using Query Designer have a.eqd extension.
The triggers feature enables efficient monitoring of data changes in a database. If data breaks rules that you specify in a trigger, Essbase logs relevant information in a file or, for some triggers, sends an e-mail alert; for example, to notify the sales manager if, in the Western region, sales for a month fall below sales for the equivalent month in the previous year.
When you create an application on the Essbase Server, Essbase creates a subdirectory for the application on the Essbase Server in the ARBORPATH/app directory. The new subdirectory has the same name as the application; for example, ARBORPATH/app/app1. In Administration Services Console, applications and databases are displayed in a tree structure in Enterprise View.
Before naming the application, see Naming Restrictions for Applications and Databases.
You can also create an application that is a copy of an existing application. See Copying or Migrating Applications.
When you create a database, Essbase creates a subdirectory for the database within the application directory. The new subdirectory has the same name as the database; for example, ARBORPATH/app/app1/dbname1. In Administration Services Console, applications and databases are displayed in a tree structure in Enterprise View.
You can create normal databases or currency databases. See Designing and Building Currency Conversion Applications.
Before naming the database, see Naming Restrictions for Applications and Databases.
To create a database, use a tool:
Except for databases requiring use of the Currency Conversion option, creating one database per application is recommended.
A database note can provide useful information when you need to broadcast messages to users about the status of a database, deadlines for updates, and so on. Users can view database notes in Spreadsheet Add-in.
For example, many reports depend on reporting periods; if you generate a report based on the current month, you must update the report script manually every month. With a substitution variable, such as CurMnth, set on the server, you can change the assigned value each month to the appropriate time period. When you use the variable name in a report script, the information is dynamically updated when you run the final report.
See Using MDX Formulas.
See these Oracle Essbase Administration Services Online Help topics: "Setting Headers in the Rules File" and "Mapping Field Names."
See Oracle Essbase SQL Interface Guide.
See Oracle Essbase SQL Interface Guide.
See the Oracle Essbase Spreadsheet Add-in User's Guide.
The substitution variable name must comprise alphanumeric characters or underscores ( _ ) and cannot exceed the limit specified in Limits.
The substitution variable name cannot include nonalphanumeric characters, such as hyphens (-), asterisks (*), and slashes (/). Do not use spaces, punctuation marks, or brackets ([ ]) in substitution variable names used in MDX.
If substitution variables with the same name exist at server, application, and database levels, the order of precedence for the variables: a database-level substitution variable supersedes an application-level variable, which supersedes a server-level variable.
The substitution variable value may contain any character except a leading ampersand (&). The substitution variable value cannot exceed the limit specified in Limits.
To set a substitution variable value to a duplicate member name, use the qualified member name enclosed in double quotation marks; for example, a value for &Period could be ".[Qtr1]".
If a substitution variable value is a member name that begins with a numeral or contains spaces or any of the special characters listed in Naming Restrictions in Calculation Scripts, Report Scripts, Formulas, Filters, and Substitution and Environment Variable Values, different rules apply for how you enter the variable:
If it is not used in MDX statements, enclose a substitution variable value in quotation marks; for example, if the variable name is Month, and its corresponding value is 01 (corresponding to January), place quotation marks around 01 ("01"). Substitution variables usually are used with block storage databases; they are not used in MDX statements.
If a substitution variable value is numeric or a member name starting with a numeral or containing the special characters referred to above is to be used both in MDX and non-MDX situations, create two substitution variables, one without the value enclosed in quotation marks and one with the value in quotation marks.
You can set substitution variables on the Essbase Server at the server, application, or database level. Before setting a substitution variable, see Rules for Setting Substitution Variable Names and Values.
To set a substitution variable, use a tool:
To ensure that a new substitution variable value is available in formulas, partition definitions, and security filters, stop and restart the application. All other uses of substitution variables are dynamically resolved when used.
To delete a substitution variable, use a tool:
You can modify or update existing substitution variables. Before updating a substitution variable, see Rules for Setting Substitution Variable Names and Values.
To update a substitution variable, use a tool:
A location alias is a descriptor for a data source. A location alias maps an alias name for a database to the location of that database. A location alias is set at the database level and specifies an alias, a server, an application, a database, a user name, and a password. Set the location alias on the database on which the calculation script is run.
You can use location aliases only with the _USER_ and _USER_ functions. With _USER_, you can retrieve a data value from another database to include in a calculation on the current database. In this case, the location alias points to the database from which the value is to be retrieved. With _USER_, you can write values to another Essbase database, or to the same database. See the Oracle Essbase Technical Reference.
The following considerations apply when using location aliases in secure (SSL) mode:
To enable Essbase to use SSL connectivity, you must set ENABLESECUREMODE to TRUE.
If the location alias is being set up to a secure port, you must append :secure to the server name specification. For example, using MaxL,
create location alias EasternDB from Sample.Basic to East.Sales at Easthost:6423:secure as User1 identified by password1;
To edit or delete a location alias, use a tool:


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The idea of this type of meeting is to get member participation but it also provides a challenge if your society wants to encourage inventiveness and interest.
- Most often societies chose one letter of the alphabet but some chose multiple letters or in some cases a number or two. Members are asked to look through their material for items that are linked to the chosen character or characters.
- The simplest outcomes include items which are from a country or countries or the subject depicted starts with one of the chosen letters (e.g the letter 'A' is depicted by items of Austria, Australia, Anguilla, etc or depict an antelope, ape, automobile, etc.).
- More adventurous outcomes can arise where multiple letters are selected. For example, a recent alphabet night at one society, which also coincided with the society's annual general meeting, chose the letters A, G and M. This led to two fascinating displays – one Advertising Greatly Misaligned (a display of New Zealand advertising stamps where the advertisements were badly off centre) and 'mAGMa' (a display on volcanoes).
- Why not consider numbers – an example could be to use the society box number. This may lead to displays of stamps bearing SG or Scott catalogue numbers, postmarks or covers with postal codes, etc.
- Members should be encouraged to talk about their display. The time available for presenting may need to be limited. It is important to ensure everyone who has made the effort to bring material has the opportunity to do so otherwise it may deter them from making the effort in future.
- You could consider awarding prizes for the best item, the most unusual, the most creative or inventive, the best talk, etc. If you run a club points system ensure points are gained for the widest possible categories of entry. Whichever options you choose make sure members are aware of the criteria and you and your members will be surprised at the inventiveness that will be shown.