CHP cuts emissions at Jaguar Halewood
BP Energy has gained consent from Energy Minister Peter Hain to build a 70MW gas-fired combined heat and power station at the Jaguar's Halewood site. The proposed stations will supply the heat and electricity needs of the Halewood works where Jaguar will build a range of models including its new X-type.
In a written answer to a Parliamentary Question from Maria Eagle (Liverpool, Garston), Hain said: 'Combined heat and power plants are designed to produce both electricity and usable heat. They have environmental benefits due to their high levels of energy efficiency.
'The decision shows the commitment of Ford to Merseyside as the power station will supply the current and future needs of the Jaguar works which will shortly be producing a new range.
The Energy Minister has also given the green light to Great Yarmouth Power to extend the South Denes combined cycle gas turbine power station by an increase in capacity from 350 to 400 MW.
In another written answer Hain commented: 'It is important that developers considering new proposals explore the opportunities to use combined heat and power.'
Combined heat and power stations release 50% less emission of such gases to the atmosphere than conventional fossil fuelled stations.
On the web


Backup or transfer your keys
You don't want to loose your keys. But it still can happen - just think of drive failures or physical damage to your computer in the unlikely case of a fire or whatever other disasters may strike. We highly encourage users to create a backup of their keys and keep that in a save place.
Backup single key
 1. select key to backup
 2. click 'Export' icon in the toolbar or press ⌘E
 3. to include the secret key, enable "Include secret key in exported file" option (only necessary to transfer your key to another computer or create a backup in a secure location. never send your sec key via email!)
 4. click 'Save'
 5. with the default options you'll end up with a key in the following format Name (keyID) – Public.asc or Name (keyID) – Secret.asc in case you opted to also export your secret key
Backup all keys
 1. select keys you want to backup or press ⌘A to select all keys
 3. to also export secret keys tick option to Include secret key in exported file
 4. the default filename is YYYY-MM-DD 123 OpenPGP Keyswhere 123 is the number of the exported keys
Transfer keys to another computer
You can use any of the above methods for this. On the new machine you need to import the exported files with GPG Keychain. After that all your keys should show up. Double check that all sec / pub keys were correctly transferred before deleting the backup and the source files on the first machine.
The validity of sec/pub keys will be set to "Unkown" after any import. It doesn't matter that the validity maybe was "Ultimate" before you exported the keys. To change the validity of your sec/pub key, double click it and select the wanted validity in the key inspector.
Important 1: Never use email or cloud services to transfer secret keys. Also transfer of all your public keys is not recommended using those two methods. Instead use a USB-drive.
Important 2: If you use the same keys on more than one mac, please make sure to update or change your keys only on one machine and then always transfer the updated key to your other macs. Never change the same key on two different macs as then the keys will be out of sync and that can cause all sorts of trouble.
Recover gnupg folder from backup
When you need to find the.gnupg folder on a backup you have on an external drive, it is normally located at 'Macintosh HD/Users/YourUsername/.gnupg'..gnupg is a hidden folder. In order to show hidden files
 1. open
 2. paste defaults write AppleShowAllFiles YES and press enter
 3. then paste killall Finder and press enter
To unshow hidden files, repeat steps with NO instead of YES.
To recover your keys from a time machine backup
 1. time machine safes data into a folder called 'Backups.backupdb'
 2. search for a folder called 'YourCompuername' containing sub-folders with date and a folder called 'latest'
 3. the file structure in the 'latest' folder is similar to the one on your mac hard-drive: Macintosh HD/Users/YourUsername/.gnupg. To view the.gnupg folder, ensure to show hidden files.
Backup gnupg folder (experts only)
 1. open
 2. copy paste the following command: cp -R ~/.gnupg/ ~/gnupg_backup and press enter
You will see a few messages about 'Operation not supported on socket'. That's expected and not a problem. A folder called 'gnupg_backup' has been created in your user folder.
To restore from the backup folder:
 1. close and GPG
 2. open
 3. make sure that no automatically created.gnupg folder exists by executing the following command. In case a folder exists, it will be moved to ~/.gnupg.old
 if [[ -d ~/.gnupg ]]; then mv ~/.gnupg ~/.gnupg.$(date "+%y%m%d%H%M%S").old; fi
 4. Restore old backup with the following command:
 mv ~/gnupg_backup ~/.gnupg


Sign up ×
If a dopamine is released at T=0 and binds to receptor D2, what determines the time when the concentration of this neurotransmitter bound to the receptor reaches half of the original concentration? In other words, when will the effect of neurotransmitter on the intercell signalling fall in half?
Is there any time estimate of how quickly the brain thinks that neurotransmitter has "fulfilled its purpose" and is to be re-uptaken? Or is this process completely random?
Thank you for your input!
share|improve this question
All processes involving reuptake or metabolism of biological molecules are completely random. However, when you look at a large number of molecules over time, the random events combine into a stable, predictable rate of decay. This rate is usually either exponential decay (a half-life) or, more rarely, a constant amount per second. – octern Nov 18 '12 at 19:10
I don't know what the answer is for dopamine, and individuals probably vary in how zealous their brains are about dopamine reuptake. – octern Nov 18 '12 at 19:12
3 Answers 3
up vote 2 down vote accepted
The half life of dopamine in the extracellular space is of the order of 200 milliseconds.
Yavich,L. (2007) Site-Specific Role of Catechol-O-Methyltransferase in Dopamine Overflow within Prefrontal Cortex and Dorsal Striatum. J. Neurosci. 27:10196-10202
In Figure 1 of this paper the authors present values for the half-life (τ) of dopamine elimination from extracellular space in the caudate nucleus and prefrontal cortex of mice as:
caudate nucleus: 0.2 +/- 0.03 sec
prefrontal cortex: 1.92 +/- 0.22 sec
Apparently this is because dopamine is usually inactivated when the presynaptic cell takes it back up using the dopamine transporter, but in the prefrontal cortex uptake is instead via a lower affinity norepinephrine transporter on neighbouring neurones. Thus the value of 200 milliseconds seen in the caudate nucleus is probably more typical.
share|improve this answer
Interesting. Does this mean that upon release, dopamine has 200ms to either bind to a receptor or be reabsorbed? – Alex Stone Nov 18 '12 at 23:28
If we think of release as instantaneous, we now have a pool of extracellular dopamine. This will begin to bind to receptor, setting up an equilibrium between free and bound. The free dopamine will also be taken up by DAT, and because the binding to receptor is a reversible process, as the external pool shrinks the level of DA-receptor complex will shrink. An individual molecule could be taken up without ever binding to a receptor, or could undergo multiple receptor binding/release cycles before being taken up. The half-life reflects the interaction between these processes. – Alan Boyd Nov 19 '12 at 13:08
If I understand correctly, the DAT cleans up extracellular and bound DA, and deposits it back within the neuron. As less and less extracellular DA is available, there's a higher chance that bound DA will be recovered. Is this correct? – Alex Stone Nov 19 '12 at 16:57
Dopamine (DA) secreted by neurons is selectively reuptaken by the dopamine transporter (DAT), present on nerve terminals.
Monoamine reuptake
Image source: Plasma membrane monoamine transporters: structure, regulation and function - Torres et al. - Nat Rev Neurosci., 2003
DAT acts as a symporter, using the Na+ and Clgradients to generate the energy required to transport DA back in the cytosol.
The mechanism of reuptake has been investigated in vitro allowing the description of a model for DA reuptake by DAT.
In particular, from the abstract of this paper: A multisubstrate mechanism of striatal dopamine uptake and its inhibition by cocaine. - McElvain and Schenk, Biochem Pharmacol., 1992
Dopamine uptake was found to be first order in dopamine with a Vmax of 582 pmol/sec/g wet weight and a Km of 1.2 μM. The results of experiments in which choline and isethionate were substituted for Na+ and Cl−, respectively, suggested that the uptake process is second order in Na+ and first order in Cl−. Multisubstrate analyses of the initial velocities of uptake over the concentration range of 0.025 to 1.5 μM dopamine suggested that the mechanism of binding of dopamine to the uptake carrier is a partially random, sequential mechanism where dopamine or Na+ binds first with the uptake carrier and Cl− binds last.
A transport scheme is reported in: Dopamine Neuronal Transport Kinetics and Effects of Amphetamine
DAT schematics
Scheme 1 is a kinetic scheme for a simple carrier adapted from that of Stein (1986) for the DAT. The subscripts o and i represent the outside and inside, respectively, of a DA neuron. Scheme 2 describes a possible mechanism for the cotransport of another species. All symbols are as in scheme 1 except that A corresponds to amphetamine.
From the text
This scheme describes transport as a series of steps: the competition between binding and dissociation of the substrate to the transporter on the extracellular side, a similar process on the cytoplasmic side, and an equilibrium between the unoccupied transporter facing toward the extracellular or cytoplasmic side. The driving force for inward transport arises from the cotransport of Na1 and Cl2 as well as the membrane potential difference (Stein, 1986; Sonders et al., 1997). Biochemical (Krueger, 1990) and electrophysiological (Sonders et al.,1997) studies have established that DA transport is accompanied by transport of at least two Na1 ions and one Cl2 ion and that DA transport can be bidirectional in isolated preparations.
share|improve this answer
If I'm reading this correctly, then Dopamine is randomly extracted from receptors, right? – Alex Stone Nov 18 '12 at 23:31
Not really "extracted"... dopamine will randomly detach from the receptor, and randomly bind to DAT. The speed of this may depend on the actual concentration of dopamine, dopamine receptor and DAT present in the system. – nico Nov 18 '12 at 23:49
This is an attempt to illustrate how a system like this behaves kinetically, to help Alex visualise it. The model shown below contains external dopamine which can bind reversibly to a receptor. The unbound dopamine is subject to irreversible reuptake.
enter image description here
I built a quick simulation using Copasi. I haven't made any attempt to refine the parameters to fit the information in my previous answer - I'm just trying to illustrate qualitatively how the three different pools of dopamine (free external, bound external, internalised) behave in this kind of system. As _USER_ says, there is no question of extracting the receptor-bound dopamine - it will dissociate as the free dopamine concentration falls due to reuptake.
enter image description here
enter image description here
enter image description here
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


What is a summary of the poem "The Stone Age?"
Kamala Das
1 Answer | Add Yours
literaturenerd's profile pic
Posted on (Answer #1)
Kamala Das' poem, "The Stone Age," is a poem which illustrates the life of an oppressed woman.
Her husband is set in his ways ("Fond husband, ancient settler in the mind"). Although he is fond (affectionate), the speaker believes him to be false ("weaving webs of bewilderment"). The husband has taken control over his wife ("You turn me into a bird of stone"), which refers to the fact that she is beautiful to look at but must not be heard.
The husband is not considerate of his wife's feelings. His "absent-minded" stroking of her face shows no true emotion, only habit. The husband is not concerned with his wife's needs either (noted by the "loud talk you bruise my pre-morning sleep,
You stick a finger into my dreaming eye").
The wife dreams of a better life, only to have the dreams vanish like the sun. Her history, misunderstood given the undefined nature of the Dravidian people (historically they fought to be defined as their own ethnic group) alienates the wife from those who fail to identify with her or identify her at all. Her ethnicity is lost to "secretly flow the drains beneath the sacred cities."
Jumping into her car, the wife searches for others like herself--only to be forgotten like the rain which comes and goes.
The wife does not seem to understand what her husband sees in her. He is a lion, a snake, a symbol of strength and power. She, on the other hand, is not. That said, the wife questions how her husband can rest so easily against her, given her weaknesses.
All said, the wife cannot understand why no one asks her anything about life. The wife seems to understand her knowledge regarding life, but, like her husband's disregard for her, she feels as if her knowledge goes unappreciated.
We've answered 395,916 questions. We can answer yours, too.
Ask a question


text:
How do macrophyte distribution patterns affect hydraulic resistances?
In eutrophic river systems, macrophytes attain high biomass with reduced drainage and increased flooding risk. To avoid these problems, water managers remove vegetation. Total removal, however, increases wash out of macro-invertebrate communities reducing the ecological value of rivers. Partial vegetation removal reduces this washout and prevents an increase in hydraulic resistance. In this, study the hydraulic performance of three partial vegetation removal patterns was tested. From the results it was seen that hydraulic resistance, expressed as Manning's n, was varying between 0.025 m−1/3 s and 0.050 m−1/3 s. Compared with the empty situation, the different distribution patterns increased resistance between 14 and 23%. Hydraulic resistance of these patterns was also significantly influenced by the species present in the vegetation patches. Three groups of macrophyte plants (emerged, floating leaved and submerged) with significantly different hydraulic resistances were determined. The emerged species Sparganium erectum generated the least resistance with an average friction of 0.03 m−1/3 s. Stuckenia pectinata and Potamogeton natans had slightly higher friction values around 0.4 m−1/3 s. Ranunculus penicillatus and Callitriche platycarpa had average friction values around 0.05 m−1/3 s. The proposed vegetation removal patterns are good alternatives to create a management system, which minimally increases hydraulic resistance but still guarantees the ecological functions.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Dr. Walter M. Fierson, M.D.
Foster Care and Adoption
Approximately 800,000 children spend time in foster care each year and there are approximately 500,000 children in foster care on any given day. Children and adolescents in foster care are some of this nation's most vulnerable citizens. They have a host of unmet health needs, including physical, mental, developmental, emotional, educational and dental health needs. The AAP Task Force on Foster Care is addressing the health and well-being needs of children and youth in foster care.
Dr. Walter M. Fierson, M.D. comes on the show to discuss important information for those considering fostering a child and how to go about adopting a child.
Dr.Walter M. Fierson, M.D. is a Clinical Assistant Professor in the Department of Ophthalmology at the University of Southern California School of Medicine in Los Angeles County - USC Medical Center
He is a Consulting Ophthalmologist at California Children's Services and an Attending Physician in the Department of Ophthalmology at Children's Hospital of Los Angeles. He is a member of the AAP Task Force on Foster Care.
Melanie Cole, M.S.


text:
In my opinion there is confusion around the architect positions. I have seen some strange position titles with the word "architect" in them. The way I like to explain the whole concept is by comparing organization architects to building architects. The building architect's main focus is the design and integrity of a building whereas the organization architect's main focus is the design and integrity of the whole operation. There are 3 architectural levels as follows:
1. Building Architect – The role of a building architect is to understand the strategic goals and objectives of the building and create a design working within the city's policies and standards. This is true wether the design is a renovation, addition or a new build. The end result is a blue print.
A building architect is not an electrician nor plumber and does not get into the wiring nor plumbing details but does have an appreciation of the trades and can highlight certain requirements. Once the main blue print is created an electrician will take a copy and start over laying their designs, and a plumber will do the same thing.
2. Discipline Architects – Electricians and plumbers are examples of disciplines. The role of an electrician for example is to understand the building codes that apply to electrical, add their design to the blue print, have the implementation inspected to ensure compliancy and coordinate with experts related to specialty electrical systems.
For example the head electrician will direct staff to drill the holes and pull the wires implementing the design, schedule an inspector to ensure compliancy and coordinate with a home theatre specialist.
An electrician is not an expert in all of the different electrical systems. They will reach out to solution experts in this case the home theatre specialist to detail the designs for a home theatre system. The electrician will coordinate among all of the electrical system experts.
3. Solution Architects – The home theatre specialist is an example of a solution architect. They know their system inside and out, their sole focus is that one system.
Going back to the organization architects you will notice a similar pattern.
1. Enterprise Architect – The role of the enterprise architect is to understand the strategic goals and objectives of the organization and create a design. The end result is a "TO BE Architecture" or Future Operating Model. For more details around the role and responsibilities of an EA refer to my previous post.
2. Discipline Architects – The discipline architects focus on designs and standards within their area of discipline. Their role is to work with the EA to understand the TO BE Architecture (similar to the blue print) and to over lay the details of their discipline. They will create standards (similar to the building codes in the example above) to ensure consistency, reviews (similar to inspections in the example above) to ensure compliance and create measures and tools as a way to monitor the day to day operations ensuring strategic goals continue to be met. Looking at each discipline independently:
- The business architect is all about the user/customer/client experience, and efficient business processes. The tools and measures center around KPIs (Key Progress Indicators). The business process manager and business analyst are examples of roles that would use the measures and tools to ensure day to day operations continue to meet the goals.
- The data and information architects as their name states focus on data and information. The difference between the two is the data architect usually focuses more within the database and the information architect deals with the bigger picture of enterprise content of which data is just one part. This discipline works very closely with the business architect. They must understand how information relates to the business, and how it is used within the processes so they can create standards around how to find, store, use, share and secure the data and information.
- The integration and application architects focus on software. The difference between the two is the integration architect usually focuses more with the in's and out's of the different systems and how they communicate with each other. The application architect deals with the bigger picture and focuses on the systems and functions including integration. This discipline works with the business and information architects to understand how the functions relate to the business processes. They create standards ensuring applications are decommissioned to avoid duplication, upgrades happen to avoid unsupported software, and functions are efficient and shared across systems to avoid duplications and inconsistency.
- The technical and infrastructure architects focus on hardware. They create standards related to the network, servers, and routers as a few examples.
- The security architect works closely with each of the other 4 disciplines adding the security components and standards. They also create measures and tools to assist with risk assessments and security breaches.
3. The solution architects – The solution architects are focused on individual areas or systems within an organization. Each of the 5 disciplines have a number of solution architects to help detail out the specific pieces within their domain. They are responsible for the designs, standards and measures related to their system.
In summary an architect does not implement nor run the day to day business, they create:
- designs so everyone knows what they are working towards,
- standards and guidelines to ensure consistency across the organization during implementation,
- reviews to ensure compliancy and
- measures and tools to ensure production is meeting the organizations goals and objectives.
The difference between the Enterprise Architect and Solution Architect is the area of focus and the level of detail.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text: Base station cooperation is an attractive way of increasing the spectral efficiency in multiantenna communication. By serving each terminal through several base stations in a given area, intercell interference can be coordinated and higher performance achieved, especially for terminals at cell edges. Most previous work in the area has assumed that base stations have common knowledge of both data dedicated to all terminals and full or partial channel state information (CSI) of all links. Herein, we analyze the case of distributed cooperation where each base station has only local CSI, either instantaneous or statistical. In the case of instantaneous CSI, the beamforming vectors that can attain the outer boundary of the achievable rate region are characterized for an arbitrary number of multiantenna transmitters and single-antenna receivers. This characterization only requires local CSI and justifies distributed precoding design based on a novel virtual signal-to-interference noise ratio (SINR) framework, which can handle an arbitrary SNR and achieves the optimal multiplexing gain. The local power allocation between terminals is solved heuristically. Conceptually, analogous results for the achievable rate region characterization and precoding design are derived in the case of local statistical CSI. The benefits of distributed cooperative transmission are illustrated numerically, and it is shown that most of the performance with centralized cooperation can be obtained using only local CSI.


Tuesday, September 8, 2009
Dissolving Hot/Cold
See if candy dissolves faster in hot or cold water.
Red Skittles in hot water dissolve faster
than orange Skittles in ice water
What you need:
 - Identical pieces of candy
 - Hot and cold water
 - Cups
What to do:
 1. Fill one cup with hot tap water and one with cold water (for better results, add ice cubes).
 2. Put one candy in the hot cup and one in the cold cup.
 3. Watch to see which dissolves faster.
What's happening:
Because molecules move faster when it's hot, the candy in hot water dissolves much faster. The candy in ice water might take all night to dissolve.
With chocolate, the difference is even more impressive. Since the cocoa butter in chocolate doesn't dissolve in water, chocolate placed in cold water just sits there. But chocolate in hot water melts and mixes with the water.
 1. this expermint was such fun!! Thanks for the info. I recomnd doing this one!
 2. How Do I make a data graph on this?
 3. You could try graphing how long it took for Skittles shells to dissolve in different temperatures of water. It happens pretty fast, and it's something that you could probably put a pretty clear end point on--when the shell is gone, the white layer underneath is exposed. Otherwise you could try dissolving just about anything in various temperatures of water, just make sure that each cup contains the same amount of water and you put in the same kind of candy.
 4. My class did this experiment this week. We ended up leaving them over night to witness them dissolve all the way. My kids LOVED this experiment. I have recommended it to all of my teammates. Thank you so much
 5. Try using something with a colored shell that dissolves quickly, like Skittles, M&M's, or Nerds. Smarties and Conversation Hearts don't work as well.
Comments will be displayed after they are approved.


text:
Stochastic variational inequalities (SVI) model a large class of equilibrium problems subject to data uncertainty, and are closely related to stochastic optimization problems. The SVI solution is usually estimated by a solution to a sample average approximation (SAA) problem. This paper considers the normal map formulation of an SVI, and proposes a method to build asymptotically exact condence regions and condence intervals for the solution of the normal map formulation, based on the asymptotic distribution of SAA solutions. The condence regions are single ellipsoids with high probability. We also discuss the computation of simultaneous and individual condence intervals.
Department of Statistics and Operations Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill


text:
- Girl Names
What does the baby name Marciane mean? Learn about what Marciane means, its history & origin, popularity in our random name database, pronunciation, similar names, nicknames & spelling variations.
Marciane - Name Meaning, Origin & Popularity
- Spelling of Marciane
- M-A-R-C-I-A-N-E, is a 8-letter female given name.
- Meaning of Marciane
- Origin of Marciane
- Latin Names
- Popularity of Marciane
- Marciane currently has no likes. Be the first to like this name.


text:
1). Heating units placed work platform, countertops should be smooth, the material must be resistant to heat.
2). In the course of their work, the board and around the very hot, be careful to guard against burn, burn!
3). The heated object to safety, high temperatures may damage the heating elements.
4). Prohibiting the use of the heating plate in the vicinity of flammable and combustible material.
5). To move or touch the machine, remember to turn off the power to be heated plate is completely cooled to room temperature.
6). The machine is a high-temperature electric products, remember to cut off the power if not using the machine to avoid danger and accidents.
7). In order to extend the life of the heating element and the machine is prohibited in high temperature (200 °c above) continuous long-term use of the machine, under normal circumstances, the machine should not be more than eight hours of continuous work time.
1). Make sure the machine ground grounded.
2). Do not let the air flow blowing straight on the plate, otherwise it will affect the heating of the heater.


Your gateway to Canada
Immigration Newsweek
Immigration Newsweek
By Atty. Henry Moyal, Immigration Lawyer
Q. What is the rule or procedure when it comes to DNA results to prove parentage in relation to Canada Immigration application?
A. This issue came up recently and its conclusion will no doubt surprise people. We have all read stories or watched movies or TV programs where forensic scientists prove that a person or suspect is or is not the perpetrator. How high must the results be in those situations? When it comes to immigration applications, the goal for an applicant is to add their child to the application. In most cases it is in the context of a sponsorship application.
As such, the visa office abroad will often suspect that the parent is not the father/mother and demand a DNA test be conducted. The reasons for such suspicions can vary and include: high age of alleged mother, lack of birth certificate or suspicion that the relationship is non-genuine.
The standard procedure is that the sponsor must contact an approved DNA office recommended by Canada Immigration in accordance with the Standards Council of Canada which will take DNA samples from the sponsor/parents and child.
It is not recommended that such a test be conducted until Canada Immigration provided direct instructions to do so.
The results are then provided by the DNA center of the probability of parentage.
Surprisingly, Canada Immigration demand that there be a 99.8% probability of parentage. Anything lower will result in a refusal.
In a recent case however, a sponsor was required to provide DNA results for their alleged 12 year son. Before DNA tests were conducted the following items were submitted: birth certificate, school documents, photos showing each looking the same, financial documents and school records for 12 years indicating the father's name as the parent.
Two DNA tests were conducted and each yielded results of only 96% on each occasion.
As such, the missing 3% was somehow conclusive evidence the sponsor was not necessarily the father.
According to the Canadian Embassy's letter and policy issued August 27, 2017 "Parentage test results must have an accuracy of 99.8% or higher. Test results below these levels are not acceptable as proof of relationship."
Further, discussions with DNA analysts submit that a few percentage points below 99% can mean that the child is a relative of the sponsor ( ie. Brother) but does not necessarily mean that the sponsor is the father.
The DNA markers must be so high in order to reach an almost perfect probability. Anything less only proves that there is a strong likelihood that the applicants are patrilineally related as opposed to being two patrilineally unrelated individuals.
Send questions to Attorney Moyal by email or call _PHONE_


text:
Action Team Approach: Each school's Action Team for Partnerships (ATP) is made up of parents, teachers, administrators and community members. This team meets monthly at each school to develop a One-Year Action Plan for School & Family Partnerships, ensures the activities in the plan happen, and evaluates the activities that take place. They also help to publicize events that involve families and gather ideas for new activities.
Six Types of Involvement: Parenting, Communicating, Volunteering, Learning at Home, Decision Making, and Collaborating with the Community
Parents or other family members are essential members of the Action Team for Partnerships. Parents and other family members contribute ideas on topics that will be important for families, design ways to involve all families, conduct activities on family friendly schedules, recruit families to lead and implement activities and encourage families to participate in activities.
Community Partnerships are a key element of the ATP. Community partners can contribute human and material resources, share innovative ideas and give perspectives that result in improved school programs and expanded learning experiences for students.
Teachers on the ATP contribute ideas for family and community involvement activities linked to academic goals for students. Teachers also work with the other teachers in the school to reinforce their own best practices to involve families and the community, and encourage other teachers to participate in schoolwide partnership events.
What is the National Network? Established at Johns Hopkins University in 1996, the National Network of Partnership Schools (NNPS) invites schools, districts, states, and organizations to join together and use research-based approaches to organize and sustain excellent programs of family and community involvement that will increase student success in school. More information at Johns Hopkins. You can also find more information about the district's ATP program on the district website.


text:
States having different economic systems have correspondingly different national trading policies and practices; these differences aggravate the problems of foreign trade organization and impede the growth of the international market. The accepted principles and the national organization of foreign trade in developed market economies have important characteristics in common, as do the principles and organization of centrally planned economies; but the actual trading practices of a country in either group may vary according to whether the trading partner is a member of the same group or of a different one. In the case of the developed market and centrally planned economy countries there is in each case a certain basic similarity which facilitates trading relations. However, there is not the same general similarity of trading organization and practices among developing countries. They have some structural characteristics in common, such as a predominant share of primary goods in their exports and a generally low level of per capita income, but the types of economic and social organization in these countries vary widely.
In the case of the third main trading group, the developing countries, there is not the same general similarity of trading organization and practices. They have some structural characteristics in common, but the types of economic and social organization vary from almost pure market economies to almost full state ownership, so the institutional arrangements in the field of foreign trade also differ widely.
Trade among countries having different economic and social systems accounts for 4% of world trade, 2.5% being trade between socialist countries of eastern Europe and developed market-economy countries, and about 1.5% between socialist countries of eastern Europe and developing countries.


Move the mouse across the image to obscure and reveal the matrix. Measures the distance from the mouse to each square and sets the size proportionally.
def setup():
 size(640, 360)
 global max_distance
 max_distance = dist(0, 0, width, height)
def draw():
 for i in range(0, width, 20):
 for j in range(0, height, 20):
 size = dist(mouseX, mouseY, i, j)
 size = size / max_distance * 66
 ellipse(i, j, size, size)


text:
You are asking a question in The Seafarer
If your question concerns another topic, please post it here
Tips for Getting a Great Answer Fast
Popular QuestionsSee all »
- In "The Seafarer," what causes the Seafarer to keep returning to the sea?
- Why does the seafarer choose a life at sea in spite of its hardships in "The Seafarer"? For example, like the feelings he expresses...
- Comparison What would be the comparison between "The Seafarer" by Ezra Pound and "If Winter Comes" by A.S.M. Hutchinson?
- In "The Seafarer", what kind of "seafaring" does the poet advocate?


Meeting Banner
Abstract #0769
Multimodal Imaging: MR-Compatible, Gradient Artifact free, Wireless recording system integrated with MR-scanner for Simultaneous EEG and fMRI acquisition
Ranajay Mandal1, Nishant Babaria2, Jiayue Cao1, and Zhongming Liu1,2
1Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States, 2Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
The field of multimodal imaging has largely been propelled by two of the most widely used neuroimaging tools, fMRI and EEG, as the complementary nature of the two signals provides a unique avenue to evaluate the brain dynamics and its underlying neural circuitry. However, methodological challenges associated with simultaneous acquisition of EEG and fMRI impedes the method from achieving the full potential. To address these challenges, we present an MR-compatible, active recording system that utilizes surplus MR-hardware and inherent electromagnetic field to synchronize and wirelessly record gradient artifact free multichannel EEG signals and encode these Non-MR signals within the extended FOV of the MR image.
Join Here


text:
, and biology.
Cause of the Bursting of Peat-hogs.—The curious phenomena of the swelling and bursting of peat-bogs have been studied by Herr Klinge. They generally occur after heavy rains, and are preceded by detonations and earth vibrations. A muddy stream issues from them, of varying fluidity, rolling along lumps of peat. Then the mud hardens and the bog sinks back, forming a funnel-shaped pool. The bogs studied by the author have been mostly on high ground, not in valleys. He believes that the eruptions are not caused either by excessive absorption of moisture or by gas explosions—the theories most readily suggested—but by land-slips, collapses, etc., of ground under the bog, which permit water or liquid mud to enter. This breaks up the bog mechanically, mixes with it and fluidifies it, and produces the outburst at the surface. The limestone formations in Ireland, with their large caverns and masses of water, are naturally subject to these collapses, which, with the vibrations they induce, are more frequent in wet years. The heavy rains preceding the bog eruptions are thus to be regarded as only an indirect cause of them. Herr Klinge supposes that similar eruptions occurred in past geological periods, the Carboniferous, for example, in some cases where fossil tree-stems are found in upright position.


Grid pricing has advantages, but don't participate without thorough knowledge.
Recently, there has been increased emphasis on improving the quality and consistency of beef. Cattle producers, breed associations, feed suppliers and packers have initiated value-based pricing methods commonly referred to as grid pricing. While these various schemes may differ substantially in the carcass traits they seek to reward or penalize, they all have one common feature: price is established on each individual animal based on carcass merit.
With most grids, price is discovered after animals have been slaughtered. With a few exceptions, most grids are based on dressed weights for fed cattle. Unlike live weight pricing or dressed weight "in the beef" pricing where there is a single average price for the entire sale lot, a price is discovered for each animal with grid pricing.
As a result, higher quality cattle receive higher prices and lower quality cattle receive lower prices. Thus, cattle producers who market desirable types of cattle are rewarded.
Most grids consist of a base price with specified premiums and discounts for carcasses whose quality perform above and below the base or standard quality specifications. An example is shown in Table 1, but does not represent the grid for any specific packer or marketing alliance.
Some grids may provide added premiums for carcasses meeting specifications of Certified Angus Beef or other marketing programs. Likewise, packers may specify discounts for hide damage, injection site blemishes and other "out" or unmarketable carcasses.
To compute a grid-based price, the distribution of carcasses by quality grade (QG) and yield grade (YG) from a sale lot of fed cattle must be known. That distribution also is put into a matrix framework.
A hypothetical distribution of carcasses for a 100-head sale lot of steers is shown in Table 2. The hypothetical pen is a fairly typical pen of cattle — 65% QG Choice and Prime, and 60% YG 1 and 2.
Once the base price is known for the grid in Table 1, the net price for a pen of cattle can be computed by multiplying the percent of carcasses in each matrix cell in Table 2 by each premium and discount cell in Table 1. For example, if the base price is $110/cwt. of dressed weight, then the weighted average price for the pen distribution in Table 2 is $109.68/cwt. See Figure 1. We assumed there were no "out" carcasses. The actual net price for a pen of cattle may vary from the calculated price due to differences in carcass weights.
Some other thoughts:
 - A higher base price is probably more critical to receiving a higher net price from a grid than are the specific premiums and discounts. The base price affects all cattle in the sale lot, whereas premiums and discounts affect only selected carcasses.
 - Many grids compute the base price using the previous week's cash price. These formula base prices don't contribute to price discovery and provide packers an incentive to lower cash market bids.
 - Formula base prices tied to the Chicago Mercantile Exchange Live Cattle Futures or to the wholesale beef market price are preferable to formulas based on fed cattle cash prices. Preferably, base prices can be negotiated weekly in the fed cattle market and contribute to competition and price discovery.
Pricing And Management Issues
 - Without knowledge of the cattle's carcass quality, marketing on a grid may be disappointing and risky. Grids can provide an incentive to market higher quality cattle, but the penalty for not recognizing and marketing lower quality cattle is large.
 Even a few lower quality cattle, priced at large discounts to higher quality cattle, can offset the premiums for higher quality cattle. The bottom line results might be a price that is lower on average than a live weight or dressed weight cash price.
 Cattle quality significantly affects the bottom line price results when marketing by a grid. For example, in Table 2 there are 30 head of Prime and Choice, YG 1 and 2 carcasses. Using the grid in Table 1, they add a premium of $1.08/cwt. to the base price.
 Table 1. Example grid in a completed matrix format. ($/dressed cwt.) Base price is $110/cwt.
 Yield Grade
 Quality Grade 1 2 3 4 5
 Prime 11 9 6 -14 -19
 Choice 5 3 Base -20 -25
 Select -1 -3 -6 -26 -31
 Standard -11 -13 -16 -36 -41
 Dark Cutters -20
 Light Carcasses (< 550 lbs.) -10
 Heavy Carcasses (> 950 lbs.) -20
 Table 2. Example Distribution of Carcasses by Quality and Yield Grades (100 Head Total).
 Yield Grade
 Quality Grade 1 2 3 4 5 Total
 Prime 0 1 5 3 0 9
 Choice 6 23 26 1 0 56
 Select 10 19 5 0 0 34
 Standard 1 0 0 0 0 1
 Total 17 43 36 4 0 100
 Fig. 1. Example of grid pricing calculations.
 Yield Grades
 1 2 3 4
 Prime $119 × 1 + $116 × 5 + $96 × 3 = $987
 Choice $115 × 6 + $113 × 23 + $110 × 26 + $90 × 1 = $6,239
 Select $109 × 10 + $107 × 19 + $104 × 5 = $3,643
 Standard $99 × 1 = $99
 $10,968 100 head = $109.68 Net price/cwt.
 Also in Table 2, there are four YG 4 and one Standard carcasses. These five discounts reduce the base price by 96¢/cwt., nearly offsettinxg the premiums from 30 higher quality carcasses.
 - Should pens of cattle be sorted to fit different grids or sorted to sell some cattle on the cash market? Sorting cattle to fit different grids may be economical provided a producer has a good idea how the different groups of sorted cattle will perform in carcass form. Sorting off "out" or lower quality cattle just before marketing them and mixing them with a pen of cattle sold on an average live weight or dressed weight price is a shortsighted approach to marketing.
 Profit from sorting may be higher for both pens but, over time, packers will likely bid lower for the cash market cattle. However, sorting cattle earlier may enable the feeder to manage both pens of cattle to meet specifications in more than one grid. This management change may reduce feeding costs, increase returns and enhance shortand long-term profitability.
 - Producers must realize that if feeding and other management practices are altered, then receiving the highest price doesn't imply the greatest revenue. Nor does the greatest revenue imply the largest profit.
Revenue is price multiplied by weight, and profit is revenue minus costs. To maximize profit on a pen of cattle, the selling weight and feeding costs need to be considered, in addition to the selling price.
Grid pricing methods have become more common in recent years. Grids have the advantage of pricing each animal, thereby improving pricing accuracy. Cattle are paid on actual dressed weights and the price is adjusted for carcass traits. Better quality cattle are rewarded and poorer quality cattle are penalized.
While grid pricing has definite advantages, producers need to know the quality of their cattle and how grids are calculated before knowing whether grid pricing is advantageous for them. Producers also must consider profit (cost and revenue) implications of altering feeding practices to target specific grids.
Dillon Feuz is an associate professor of agricultural economics at the University of Nebraska's Panhandle Research & Extension Center in Scottsbluff. He can be reached at 308/_PHONE_; e-mail:


Reference : The Scrutiny of Brexit in National Parliaments: Germany, Luxembourg and the Czech Rep...
Parts of books : Contribution to collective works
Law / European Law
The Scrutiny of Brexit in National Parliaments: Germany, Luxembourg and the Czech Republic Compared
Buth, Vanessa []
Kaniok, Petr mailto []
Brexit and Democracy
Christiansen, Thomas mailto
Fromage, Diane mailto
Palgrave Macmillan
[en] Brexit ; European Union ; United Kingdom ; parliament ; scrutiny ; Luxembourg ; Czech Republic ; Germany
[en] The outcome of the Brexit referendum has led to a highly mediatized battle of power between the British government and parliament over how much influence the latter can exert over the British position in the negotiations with the European Union (EU). At the same time, the role of parliaments in the remaining member states has received virtually no public attention, despite the fact that the stakes are also high for their publics. The aim of our chapter is to shed light on dynamics of parliamentary control of Brexit in the remaining member states through a comparative study of the German, Czech and Luxembourgish parliaments. Each of these member states has one or several key interests at stake in the negotiations, such as exports, the financial sector and future contributions to the EU budget (Germany, Luxembourg), or migration to the UK and the maintenance of EU policies and their budgetary health (Czech Republic). The three cases represent geographical diversity and differently sized countries, to take into account different levels of governmental influence over the Brexit negotiations. The study will focus on the formal powers of parliaments, their actual mobilization and the key dynamics that mark their scrutiny of the Brexit negotiations.
Negotiating Brexit
The original chapter is published by Palgrave Macmillan here:
File(s) associated to this reference
Fulltext file(s):
Open access
Brexit_Palgrave_Buth_ Hogenauer_Kaniok_18_09.pdfThis version is an authoer pre-print version. The final chapter has been published by Palgrave.Author preprint206.21 kBView/Open
Bookmark and Share SFX Query
All documents in ORBilu are protected by a user license.


The Workspace
The workspace is your current R working environment and includes any user-defined objects (vectors, matrices, data frames, lists, functions). At the end of an R session, the user can save an image of the current workspace that is automatically reloaded the next time R is started. Commands are entered interactively at the R user prompt. Up and down arrow keys scroll through your command history.
You will probably want to keep different projects in different physical directories. Here are some standard commands for managing your workspace.
 R gets confused if you use a path in your code like
 This is because R sees "\" as an escape character. Instead, use
 c:\\my documents\\myfile.txt
 Either will work. I use the second convention throughout this website.
getwd() # print the current working directory - cwd
ls() # list the objects in the current workspace
setwd(mydirectory) # change to mydirectory
setwd("c:/docs/mydir") # note / instead of \ in windows
setwd("/usr/rob/mydir") # on linux
# view and set options for the session
help(options) # learn about available options
options() # view current option settings
options(digits=3) # number of digits to print on output
# work with your previous commands
history() # display last 25 commands
history( # display all previous commands
# save your command history
savehistory(file="myfile") # default is ".Rhistory"
# recall your command history
loadhistory(file="myfile") # default is ".Rhistory"
# save the workspace to the file.RData in the cwd
# save specific objects to a file
# if you don't specify the path, the cwd is assumed
save(object list,file="myfile.RData")
# load a workspace into the current session
# if you don't specify the path, the cwd is assumed
q() # quit R. You will be prompted to save the workspace.


text:
Ocean Recreation; Sailboards
Prohibits operators of sailboards from approaching within 200 feet of a swimmer or surfer in the ocean.
TWENTY-FOURTH LEGISLATURE, 2008
STATE OF HAWAII
A BILL FOR AN ACT
RELATING TO SAILBOARDS.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF HAWAII:
SECTION 1. The legislature finds that surfers and swimmers using Hawaii's oceans for recreation face a danger from operators of sailboards and kiteboards. Sailboarders and kiteboarders often operate their craft at high speeds in areas crowded with surfers and swimmers. Kiteboards and sailboards are much heavier and faster and could cause serious injury if they were to collide with a swimmer or surfer. The purpose of this Act is to ensure water safety by prohibiting the operator of a sailboard or kiteboard from approaching within two hundred feet of a swimmer or surfer in the water.
SECTION 2. Chapter 200, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended by adding a new section to part II to be appropriately designated and to read as follows:
"Â§200- Operation of sailboards and kiteboards. No person shall operate a sailboard or kiteboard within two hundred feet of another person swimming or using a surfboard within the waters of the State.
For the purposes of this section, "sailboard or kiteboard" means any type of board that is propelled by a detachable sail or kite apparatus.
For the purposes of this section, "surfboard" means any type of board that is used for the sport of surf-riding and includes boards commonly known as "body boards"."
SECTION 3. This Act does not affect rights and duties that matured, penalties that were incurred, and proceedings that were begun, before its effective date.
SECTION 4. New statutory material is underscored.
SECTION 5. This Act shall take effect upon its approval.


Sign up ×
I'd like to know how the CPU benchmark results for CPUs posted at, for example,, compare. Is the scale linear, so that a CPU with a score of 2,000 is, on average, twice as fast as one with a score of 1,000?
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
It seems to be linear; a 2000 score system completes the test units twice as fast as a 1000 score system.
The benchmarks seem to be completely artificial though, so in a real-world situation the ranks and numbers presented may be very skewed or even reposition.
share|improve this answer
Why do you think it's linear? Can you point me to a page? – Brian May 23 '11 at 19:52
Benchmarks traditionally use linear scales which is mostly due to the fact that most numbers represent some direct derivative of the "operations per timeunit" calculation. No idea, if the passmark calculations are published somewhere, but by the look of it they simply represent some FLOPS/MIPS mixup – the-wabbit May 23 '11 at 20:27
_USER_ they don't state this specifically on any page, however the relative speed of each CPU indicates a linear scale. If they said it somewhere then you wouldn't have to ask, now would you? ;-) – Hyppy May 24 '11 at 11:59
Your Answer


RuneScape Wiki
Clue scroll (hard)
35,323pages on
this wiki
Old School RuneScape icon
[FAQ] • [doc]
Clue scroll detail
A Clue scroll (hard), sometimes called a level 3 clue scroll, is a random drop from a large variety of high-levelled monsters or it can be bought from Stanley Limelight for 45 thaler. These clue scrolls can be 1-8 steps long. If a player possesses a clue scroll, they must either complete it or drop/destroy it in order to receive a new one. Clue scrolls are the start of a Treasure Trail - a treasure hunt that sends players hunting all around RuneScape. At the end of the hunt players receive a reward of items randomly selected from a specific list, possibly including very rare and very valuable items. For a guide on how to complete a clue scroll, see: Treasure Trails Guide. Level 3 clue scrolls are usually moderately long and complex, and can give the player puzzle boxes to solve. They can also involve trips to the Wilderness, and fights with a Zamorak wizard or a Double agent. They can offer valuable rewards in return, such as Third-age armour or Gilded armour.
These clue scrolls are much harder than those of the difficulties below, due to the risk of being attacked, and the requirements for more quests to be at least partially completed.
This clue scroll may contain the following types of clue:
Completion of hard clues will either give a Scroll box (hard), containing another clue, or a Casket (hard), containing the final reward for the trail.
Dropping monstersEdit
Rewards from any levelEdit
Image Name
Coins 10000 2,500–50,000 Coins
Saradomin page 1 Guthix page 1 Zamorak page 1 Armadyl page 1 Bandos page 1 Ancient page 1 1–3 God pages for God books.
Meerkats pouch Fetch casket scroll Noted Meerkats pouches or fetch casket scrolls
Hard rewardsEdit
For a detailed breakdown of the drop mechanics and calculations involved with the drop chances, see Treasure Trails/Rewards#Hard
The items listed below are the rewards you can get from level 3 Treasure Trails. 4 to 6 items are awarded from each Casket (hard) opened. These and the elite clue scrolls are the only levels of clue scrolls from which the rare third age armour rewards may be received.
Enchanted robes equipped
A player wearing Enchanted robes
Robin hood hat equipped
A player wearing a Robin hood hat
Sack of effigies equipped
A player wearing a Sack of effigies
Gilded armour set (sk) equipped
A player wearing Gilded armour
Third-age melee armour equipped
A player wearing Third-age armour
Rare rewards table[1]
Image Name
Yew composite bow Magic composite bow Yew composite or Magic composite bow
Rune full helm (t) Rune platebody (t) Rune platelegs (t) Rune plateskirt (t) Rune kiteshield (t) A piece of Trimmed rune armour
Rune full helm (g) Rune platebody (g) Rune platelegs (g) Rune plateskirt (g) Rune kiteshield (g) A piece of Gold-trimmed rune armour
Saradomin full helm Saradomin platebody Saradomin platelegs Saradomin plateskirt Saradomin kiteshield A piece of Saradomin rune armour
Guthix full helm Guthix platebody Guthix platelegs Guthix plateskirt Guthix kiteshield A piece of Guthix rune armour
Zamorak full helm Zamorak platebody Zamorak platelegs Zamorak plateskirt Zamorak kiteshield A piece of Zamorak rune armour
Dragonhide body (t) (blue) Dragonhide chaps (t) (blue) A piece of Trimmed blue dragonhide armour
Dragonhide body (g) (blue) Dragonhide chaps (g) (blue) A piece of Gold-trimmed blue dragonhide armour
Pirate's hat Robin hood hat Pirate or Robin hood hat
Enchanted hat Enchanted top Enchanted robe Enchanted hat, top, or robe
Tan cavalier Dark cavalier Black cavalier Tan, dark, or black cavaliers
Rune helm (h1) Rune platebody (h2) Rune platelegs (h3) Rune plateskirt (h4) Rune shield (h5) A piece of Rune heraldic armour (h1—h5)
Amulet of glory (t) Amulet of fury (t) Amulet of glory (t) or Amulet of Fury (t)
Saradomin stole Guthix stole Zamorak stole Saradomin, Guthix, or Zamorak stole
Saradomin crozier Guthix crozier Zamorak crozier Saradomin, Guthix, or Zamorak crozier
Armadyl mitre Bandos mitre Ancient mitre Armadyl, Bandos, or Ancient mitre
Armadyl cloak Bandos cloak Ancient cloak Armadyl, Bandos, or Ancient vestment cloak
Saradomin coif Saradomin body Saradomin chaps Saradomin vambraces A piece of Blessed d'hide armour (Saradomin)
Guthix coif Guthix body Guthix chaps Guthix vambraces A piece of Blessed d'hide armour (Guthix)
Zamorak coif Zamorak body Zamorak chaps Zamorak vambraces A piece of Blessed d'hide armour (Zamorak)
Fox mask White unicorn mask Black unicorn mask Green dragon mask Blue dragon mask Red dragon mask Fox, white unicorn, black unicorn, green dragon, blue dragon, or red dragon animal masks
Top hat Rune cane Top hat or Rune cane
Costume-skipping ticket Puzzle-skipping ticket Knot-skipping ticket 1–4 Costume, Puzzle, or Knot-skipping tickets
 1. ^ Approximately 1 in 16 chance per item roll to receive something from this table.
Dyes & Capes reward table
Image Name
Barrows dye Shadow dye Barrows dye[1] or Shadow dye[2]
Backstab cape Sack of effigies Explosive barrel Backstab cape[3], Sack of effigies[4], or Explosive barrel[5]
Prismatic large fallen star Prismatic large fallen star
 1. ^ Approximately 1 in 1,707 chance per clue to receive a Barrows dye.
 2. ^ Approximately 1 in 3,072 chance per clue to receive a Shadow dye.
 3. ^ Approximately 1 in 4,608 chance per clue to receive a Backstab cape.
 4. ^ Approximately 1 in 9,216 chance per clue to receive a Sack of effigies.
 5. ^ Less than a 1 in 100,000 chance per item roll to receive an Explosive barrel, making it the rarest of all hard rewards.
Mega-rare table[1]
Image Name
Gilded full helm Gilded platebody Gilded platelegs Gilded plateskirt Gilded kiteshield A piece of Gilded armour[2]
Super attack (4) Super defence (4) Super strength (4) 5 (noted) Super attack, Super defence, and Super strength potions
Super energy (4) Super restore (4) Antifire (4) 15 (noted) Super energy, Super restore, or Antifire potions
Starved ancient effigy Starved ancient effigy[3]
 1. ^ Approximately 1 in 1,536 chance per item roll to receive something from this table.
 2. ^ Approximately 1 in 676 chance per clue to receive a piece of Gilded armour—approximately 1 in 3,380 for a specific piece.
 3. ^ A maximum of 5 effigies can be stored by a player. If a player does have 5 effigies stored and would have obtained this reward, 2,500 coins is rewarded in its place.
Third-age rewards table[1]
Image Name
Third-age full helmet Third-age platebody Third-age platelegs Third-age kiteshield A piece of Third-age warrior armour
Third-age mage hat Third-age robe top Third-age robe Third-age amulet A piece of Third-age mage armour
Third-age range coif Third-age range top Third-age range legs Third-age vambraces A piece of Third-age ranger armour
 1. ^ Approximately 1 in 3,380 chance per clue to receive something from this table—approximately 1 in 40,551 for a specific piece.
Common rewards table
Image Name Image Name
Rune pickaxe Rune longsword Rune 2h sword Rune pickaxe, longsword, or 2h sword Rune full helm Rune platebody Rune platelegs Rune kiteshield Rune full helm, platebody, platelegs, or kiteshield
Black d'hide body Black d'hide chaps Black d'hide body or chaps Rune arrow 5 150 Rune arrows
Mystic air staff Mystic fire staff Mystic earth staff Mystic water staff Mystic air, Mystic fire, Mystic earth, or Mystic water staffs Law rune Nature rune Astral rune Blood rune 75 Law, Nature, Astral or Blood runes
Mahogany


text:
Mac Basics: Applications, files, and folders (OS X Lion)
Learn about applications and how files and folders are accessed and organized in Finder. Also, learn about getting applications from the App Store.
An application is a computer program that gives you the tools to accomplish specific tasks. For example, you're probably using the application Safari right now to read this webpage. Other applications include Mail, iTunes, Pages, TextEdit, and many more.
Accessing an application
To open an application, click the Launchpad icon in Dock or click the application's icon in Dock (if it's there). Depending on the application, it may display an interface window, palettes, tool bar, or other interface components, or it could display nothing at all until you open a file or create a new one.
Your Mac's applications can be accessed from the Launchpad icon in the Dock
To quit an application, choose Quit from the application menu or press Command-Q. Keep in mind that closing a window (by clicking the round, red button) will typically not quit the application.
Getting more applications
You can purchase and install applications for your Mac from App Store, which is included with OS X Lion and Mac OS X v10.6.6 and later. To start browsing software from App Store, click the App Store icon in the Dock. You can use the search field in the upper-right corner of the App Store window to search for applications.
You can use App Store to find, install, update, and view purchased applications
- Featured - Click to browse new and noteworthy applications.
- Top Charts - Click to browse the most popular applications.
- Categories - Click to browse applications in specific categories, such as Photography. You can browse applications in a particular category by choosing an item from the All Categories pop-up menu in the Quick Links section. The Quick Links sections is located in the upper-right part of the window displayed when you click Categories.
- Purchases - Click to browse applications you have purchased.
- Updates - Click to browse updates to applications you have installed on your Mac.
- Search Field - Enter a name or type of application your looking for and press Return.
To use App Store, you need to sign up for an Apple ID. If you already have an iTunes Store account or other Apple account, you can use that Apple ID.
To access your files on your Mac, you use Finder. Finder allows you to see all files and folders on your Mac and search for them using the search field in the top-right corner of the Finder window. Once you find a file you want to open, simply double-click the file, it will open in the application that supports its file format.
To close a file, just click the round, red button in the upper-left corner of its window. Keep in mind that closing a file will not necessarily quit the application too. To quit an application, choose Quit from the application menu or press Command-Q.
Folders on your Mac are used to organize your file and applications.
File appearances may differ a little from each other depending on what type of file they are and what they contain
Your Documents folder (in the Finder sidebar under Favorites) will contain all documents that you create. The Finder sidebar includes several other folders, such as Movies, Music, and Pictures, to help keep all your files organized by type. The Applications folder contains all your applications and the Desktop folder contains all the stuff that's currently on your desktop.
Organizing files and folders
If you want to add more folders to set up an organizational scheme, here's how to create a new folder:
- Make the Finder active (click the desktop, click inside any Finder window, or click the Finder icon in the Dock).
- From the File menu, choose New Folder; a new "untitled folder" icon appears in the active Finder window.
- Name your folder by simply typing a name in the highlighted text box next to the folder icon.
Or, you can simply press the Shift-Command-N key combination.
To organize your files and folders, drag any file, folder, or application that you want into your new folder, or drag the folder into any other folder to establish an organized hierarchy.


text:
Background: Well-written and transparent case reports (1) reveal early signals of potential benefits, harms, and information on the use of resources; (2) provide information for clinical research and clinical practice guidelines, and (3) inform medical education. High-quality case reports are more likely when authors follow reporting guidelines. During 2011-2012, a group of clinicians, researchers, and journal editors developed recommendations for the accurate reporting of information in case reports that resulted in the CARE (CAse REport) Statement and Checklist. They were presented at the 2013 International Congress on Peer Review and Biomedical Publication, have been endorsed by multiple medical journals, and translated into nine languages.
Objectives: This explanation and elaboration document has the objective to increase the use and dissemination of the CARE Checklist in writing and publishing case reports.
Article design and setting: Each item from the CARE Checklist is explained and accompanied by published examples. The explanations and examples in this document are designed to support the writing of high-quality case reports by authors and their critical appraisal by editors, peer reviewers, and readers.
Results and conclusion: This article and the 2013 CARE Statement and Checklist, available from the CARE website [_URL_] and the EQUATOR Network [_URL_], are resources for improving the completeness and transparency of case reports.
Keywords: CARE guideline; Case report; Case study; EQUATOR network; Health research reporting guidelines; N-of-1; Timelines.
Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.


text:
Bungle Bungle Ranges
Nestled in the far north-west of Western Australia, the Bungle Bungle range in the World Heritage-listed Purnululu National Park is one of Australia's best-kept secrets.
For more than 350 million years, nature's forces have shaped these mysterious geological features in this prehistoric landscape. Apart from the local Kija Aboriginal community, few people knew they existed until the 1980s.
Discover a world of secrets in Australia's far north-west
The giant orange and black striped domes rise out of the ground creating a bewildering landscape unlike anything you have ever seen.
One of the best ways to appreciate the scale of this natural wonder is on a scenic flight. As you sweep over the range, the intricate maze of tiger-striped domes reveal a hidden world of narrow, sheer-sided gorges lined with majestic palms and seasonal waterfalls and calm pools.
According to Aboriginal Dreamtime legends, the amazing beehive-like domes that form the Bungle Ranges were created by the Rainbow Serpent as she slithered across the landscape. Aboriginal people have used the area for their sacred rituals for around 20 000 years.
A walk with an Aboriginal guide brings the natural history of the range to life. Camp out under the stars, or spend a few days in lavish comfort at the award-winning Bungle Bungle Wilderness Lodge. Discover the acoustic secrets of Cathedral Gorge. Go four wheel driving across rugged terrain, and hike through gorges millions of years in the making.


text:
Active Ingredient: 20% ICARIDIN - Deet Free
PiActive Mosquito Shield Insect Repellent:
- PiActive Insect Repellent is Canada's first and longest lasting 12-HOUR insect repellent, a revolutionary game changer in repellents for mosquitoes, ticks and black flies.
- A nice alternative to DEET-based repellents, the formula contains 20% Icaridin, making it a good choice for children from 6 months to 12 years.
- Active ingredient is Icaridin 20%, with 0% DEET.
- Non oily, greasy, or sticky.
- Will not damage fishing lines, plastic or other synthetic materials.
- Non-irritating to the skin
- Provides long lasting protection;
- 12 hrs of protection against mosquitoes and ticks.
- 10 hrs of protection against black flies.
Icaridin: This is a new repellent that entered the U.S. market in 2005
Studies have found Icaridin can work as well as DEET, offering several hours of bug protection. But unlike DEET, Icaridin is odourless and much less likely to cause skin irritation and sudden reactions, such as nausea. It also isn't greasy and does not ruin plastics or synthetic fabrics the way DEET can.
The repellent is so effective, the World Health Organization recommends Icaridin, alongside DEET, as one of the best choices for preventing mosquito bites that can lead to disease.
In Canada, there are still only a few products that contain Icaridin.


text:
New Indian bird species too rare to collect for scienceA professional astronomer has made the most sensational ornithological discovery in India for more than half a century. Ramana Athreya has found a new species of bird in remote north-eastern India. The Bugun Liocichla, a kind of babbler, is strikingly coloured. Its overall pluamge is various shades of olive, with a black cap, bright yellow patch in front of eye, golden-yellow, crimson, black and white patches on the wing, and red-tipped tail feathers which are flame-coloured on the underside. Although two Bugun Liocichlas were caught, both were released and no scientific specimen was collected.
[The normal procedure when a new species is described is to preserve a dead individual in a museum as the "type specimen", which acts as proof both of the species's existence and of the features that distinguish it from other species. The description of a new bird species without a formal specimen is not without precedent. In 1988 a male bushshrike of an unknown species was trapped in Somalia and later described as the Bulo Burti Boubou Laniarius liberatus. To date it remains the sole example of the species ever recorded.]"We thought the bird was just too rare for one to be killed," said Ramana. "With today's modern technology, we could gather all the information we needed to confirm it as a new species. We took feathers and photographs, and recorded the bird's song."
Ramana first saw the liocichla at Eaglenest Wildlife Sanctuary, Arunachal Pradesh, in 1995, but it was more than a decade before he sighted it again at the same place, whilst carrying out the Eaglenest Biodiversity Project.
[The bird was discovered during the course of the Eaglenest Biodiversity Project, a multi-faceted conservation project led by Athreya in partnership with Mr Indi Glow of the Bugun tribe. The tribe live on the periphery of Eaglenest and one of the project's goals is to help the Bugun community profit from ecotourism to the area. The project was assisted by grants from the Rufford-Maurice-Laing Foundation (UK) and Ford Foundation/Winrock India.] "Even then I knew it was something very special," he said. "The only bird that looks remotely like it is the Emei Shan Liocichla, which is known from only a few mountains in central China, more than 1,000 km from Eaglenest."
But detailed examination of the Eaglenest birds in comparison with specimens and tape recordings of Emei Shan Liocichlas revealed many plumage and vocal differences.
The Bugun Liocichla is only the fourth species of liocichla known, a particular genus within the highly diverse bird family known as babblers or Timaliidae. The other liocichlas are Red-faced Liocichla Liocichla phoenicea, which is widespread in South-East Asia, Emei Shan Liocichla Liocichla omeiensis (sometimes spelled Omei Shan), confined to a few mountains in Central China, and Steere's Liocichla Liocichla steerii, which occurs only in Taiwan.
Ramana and his project colleagues returned in late January 2005 and again in May 2005 armed with mist-nets, but failed even to see the birds again. Eventually he was successful in trapping two birds in May 2006, and wrote his findings up for the journal Indian Birds. "This is the kind of paper you dream about receiving,"said Aasheesh Pittie, Editor of Indian Birds where the description of the Bugun Liocichla was published. "The discovery of a new bird is really special, but when it's a stunning species with no geographically close relatives, and in a part of the world where bird collectors have sampled birds for more than a century, it's nothing short of miraculous."
Dr Nigel Collar of BirdLife International commented: "I warmly congratulate Ramana on his outstanding discovery and fully support his decision not to collect a specimen at this stage. This species appears to be very rare indeed, and from what we know at present the taking of even one individual could jeopardise the Bugun Liocichla's future survival prospects."
The known population of the Bugun Liocichla consists of only 14 individuals including three breeding pairs. The species is not particularly shy and is very distinctive, so it must be very rare or it would certainly have been found earlier.
"It's good news that the Bugun Liocichla has been found in a wildlife sanctuary where it is already protected, but the population appears to be tiny," says Collar. "A priority now is to find out if other populations of this remarkable species exist elsewhere and what its habitat requirements are, so that appropriate conservation measures can be put in place."
4th July 2014


text:
Aleksandra Nicole PfauAug 11, 2023
Medieval Communities and the Mad
Narratives of Crime and Mental Illness in Late Medieval France
Amsterdam University Press 2020
The concept of madness as a challenge to communities lies at the core of legal sources. Aleksandra Nicole Pfau's book Medieval Communities and the Mad: Narratives of Crime and Mental Illness in Late Medieval France (Amsterdam UP, 2020) considers how communal networks, ranging from the locale to the realm, responded to people who were considered mad. The madness of individuals played a role in engaging communities with legal mechanisms and proto-national identity constructs, as petitioners sought the king's mercy as an alternative to local justice.
The resulting narratives about the mentally ill in late medieval France constructed madness as an inability to live according to communal rules. Although such texts defined madness through acts that threatened social bonds, those ties were reaffirmed through the medium of the remission letter. The composers of the letters presented madness as a communal concern, situating the mad within the household, where care could be provided. Those considered mad were usually not expelled but integrated, often through pilgrimage, surveillance, or chains, into their kin and communal relationships.


text:
Jelqing is the train which guys have been doing with the intention to improve penis dimension. There are dozens upon dozens of how to jelq. Listed here are the 5 handiest jelqing routines immediately:
1. Customary Jelqing. Sure, the most effective jelqing routines is definitely the straight up, old fashioned, customary jelqing. This has been the spine of nearly each stable jelqing program, so one cannot ignore how efficient it has been all through the years. An ordinary routine can also be the closest to how unique jelqing began, supposedly a whole lot of years in the past with tribes. Let's go over a typical routine:
- Penis is lubricated and semi-erect.
- Thumb and forefinger are joined, making a circle which is wrapped across the base of the penis.
- Ahead, sluggish and managed movement of about 2-Four seconds.
- Grip is relased proper earlier than the pinnacle.
- Identical factor with the opposite hand, after which repetitions are repeated alternating arms for a number of minutes.
2. Jelqs and Stretches. This can be a highly regarded option to carry out enlargement workout routines. It's mainly customary jelqing with stretching particular workout routines carried out both in between jelqs, or, as is extra customary, carried out as a "nearer train" after your requirements are accomplished. Stretches work for providing you with that additional increase for elevated size positive aspects. This is how jelqs and stretches are put collectively in a routine:
- Customary jelqing as described above is carried out.
- Relaxation for a second after which start stretches by gently out-stretching the penis.
- This stretched out place is held for a number of seconds, then launched.
- Repeat the stretch and maintain once more, and proceed for a variety of repetitions.
three. Bathe Jelqing. That is thought of the most effective jelq routines, for a number of causes. First it's the one routine that almost all guys follow as a consequence of it is comfort issue. Most males fail with jelqing due to the weird nature of doing the train. You do not go to a fitness center, or down your basement or storage to exercise. You need to discover a very non-public area the place you will not be disturbed for a number of minutes. Most guys will strive a number of completely different preparations, however by no means get right into a set routine, which is vital for making this enlargement train actually work.
The shower is a perfect place for doing jelqs. It is non-public and it is already a part of a routine that you just do anyway. The opposite purpose it is very efficient is that it warms your penis up a lot sooner, should you direct the nice and cozy water in direction of the penis originally of the train. After you end along with your jelqs, you'll be able to as soon as once more direct heat water down there which relaxes the penis and prepares it for relaxation, restoration, and development.
Four. Reverse Jelqs. This can be a nice train which focuses on girth positive aspects. Many guys have been turning to jelqing particularly to achieve thickness of their dimension. Girls are way more involved about girth than size, in response to many stories asking them "does penis dimension matter?" Reverse jelqs work on increase girth dimension. This is how they're normally carried out:
- As an alternative of the usual "semi-erection" to start out, normally round 40-60%, reverse jelqing has the penis at a barely larger erection begin dimension, round 60-70%.
- The identical movement ahead is initiated, however simply earlier than the pinnacle, as an alternative of releasing, the hand movement is then reversed again to the bottom.
- That is then repeated for a sure variety of units and reps.
- Typically completely different grips, such because the "V-grip", are used when performing reverse jelqs.
5. Jelqing plus Supplementation. The newest jelqing routines have been combining each customary jelqing and stretching, with supplementation. There are usually two sorts of supplementation used with a jelq program.
- Natural based mostly capsules which improve blood circulation. These are capsules that promote elevated blood circulation to the penis. They're normally marketed in direction of more durable and stronger erections, however for guys having hassle staying erect all through a full jelq routine, these capsules can assist hold you in that regular semi-erect state.
- Pure testosterone and/or development hormone dietary supplements. The mixture of all pure take a look at boosters or development hormone dietary supplements, alongside performing jelqing workout routines, has been seen to enhance development and ship sooner outcomes. This has been the newest development when performing enlargement workout routines.


Lancaster Rose Emblem
Lancaster Rose Meaning
The red rose of Lancaster was worn as a badge which identified someone as belonging to or supporting the House of Lancaster. By wearing the rose a person was displaying their loyalty and allegiance to the family. The emblem of the red rose was adopted during the middle ages and was readily accepted into the symbols of British heraldry.
The emblem was worn not only by the more powerful members of the family but it was also worn by their servants and retainers to show their loyalty to the House of Lancaster.
Lancanshire Rose image
Lancaster Rose flower
Why is the Lancaster Rose Red?
The House of Lancaster got its emblem – the red rose from the badge of Edward I of England which was a gold rose. It was adopted in the 14th century. Today it simply symbolises the Lancashire county.
Lancaster Rose flower Meaning
The emblem for the House of Lancaster was chosen by Edmund, the son of Henry III. The species of rose that Edmund chose was believed to be Rosa Gallica. It was then adopted by the subsequent earls of Lancaster. Although the roses became the symbols of the House of Lancaster and the House of York, neither Houses were believed to have displayed them as their emblem during the War.
The emblem signified loyalty and respect towards the respective Houses.
Lancanshire rose image
Lancanshire rose image
The Red Rose of Lancaster
The emblem of the red rose of Lancaster was sported by supporters of the House of Lancaster, a house which was in rivalry with the House of York, and an equally powerful house whose supporters wore the white rose of York. These families, two of the most powerful houses in England were both trying to lay claim to the English throne.
Both of these noble houses were descended from the Plantagenet House, with their descent being traced back to King Edward III. The family or House of Lancaster was so called as the descendants on that side were descended from the 1st Duke of Lancaster, John Gaunt, and as such adopted the red rose as their emblem.
Lancaster Rose Emblem
Henry Bolingbroke Starts the War of the Roses
The start of the bitter rivalry between the houses of Lancaster and York can be traced back to 1399. This is when Henry Bolingbroke, the then Duke of Lancaster overthrew his cousin King Richard II and claimed the throne. Over the following years three Lancastrian kings held the English throne, these were Henry Bolingbroke who became Henry IV (_PHONE_)
He was the grandson of Edward III and the son of the 1st Duke of Lancaster John of Gaunt. He was followed by his son Henry V (_PHONE_) who was in turn followed by his son Henry VI (_PHONE_). The subsequent war of the roses lasted for decades and saw the deaths of many thousands of people.
The End of the War of the Roses
The War of the Roses was brought to an end with the death of King Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field. Richard was the leader of the House of York and was slain on the battlefield by the forces of Henry Tudor, the leader of the Lancaster faction. Henry then claimed the throne for himself. Knowing that his claim on the throne was not as solid as it could have been, he made Elizabeth of York his wife.
Lancaster Rose Emblem
Their marriage not only brought the War of the Roses to an end but also united two of the most powerful noble houses in England. Henry was crowned King Henry VII and went on to found the Tudor dynasty whose emblem is that of the Tudor rose which features the union of the red and white roses of the two houses. Today there is still much rivalry between the counties of York and Lancaster, though the battles today take place in the field of sport.
More Info OnTudor Rose Symbol, Medieval England Mary Rose Longbow, Facts About Mary Rose Ship in Tudor Times
Found info useful?


text:
Demand is the rate at which electricity is used. Energy use is the total amount of electricity consumed over a period of time. Demand is usually measured in kilowatts. Energy use is measured in kilowatt hours.
Demand meters are used for measuring electricity used in commercial and industrial buildings, as well as other installations billed under Grand Bahama Power's demand energy rates. They measure and record the amount of energy used, and the highest rate of demand over a specific period of time.
For more information on the Demand Charges, see Business Power Rates.


seguici su Facebook Icon
Historical Trades
On Wednesday the 19th of April children in Middle 1 will go on a school trip to explore the theme: Venice and its historical trades. The children will be accompanied by their teachers on a journey in a traditional Venetian boat called a 'bragosso'. They will travel to discover and meet an oar maker and a gondolar maker, as well as visiting a glass workshop. Through practical experiences and theory the children will experience the lagoon and its valuable resources. The trip will be led by the Polisportiva Venexiana.
Back to News


text:
Inspired by some really cool videos and TV shows, I decided to up my skills in the dark-and-daunting program known as After Effects. One of the coolest things that I have seen recently is the seemingly "live text" you can get in a moving camera shot.
Standard text or titles usually look like they are just stuck in front of the video and don't interact with the 3D space. However, you can use Motion Tracking to make it appear as though the text is REALLY there, on set with the actors. You've seen it in movies like Zombieland and in TV shows like Sherlock and it always looks freaking amazeballs. Well, DoSomething.org is going to step it up and get some cool motion graphics!
Here are three things to consider when trying to make a two dimensional video appear to occupy three dimensional space:
- MARKERS: After Effects has a Motion Tracking function that picks high contrast areas of the screen and analyzes them frame by frame to determine the movement through space. One way to MAKE these high contrast areas so that After Effects can track them easily is to take a dark piece of tape (a MARKER) and put it on a light area. If I wanted to make it look like someone had the word LOSER on their head, for example, I would put a marker on their forehead and take a video. Once the program has tracked the movement of the marker, I can add the text and apply the movement to the text. Wherever the marker goes, the text follows.
- DEPTH OF FIELD: Another thing you will notice about films (and real life) is that not everything is in focus at the same time. The objects or people nearer to the camera may be in focus and the objects in the background may be out of focus. This is determined by the depth of field and capabilities of the lens. To make it appear as though the text is REALLY actually in 3D space, I wanted to use focus and apply a depth of field to the text. This is done by creating a "digital camera" with a "digital lens" in After Effects. I can set the text in 3D space in After Effects and the digital camera lens will automatically put things in focus and out of focus depending on how far they are away from the camera.
- MOTION PARALLAX: There is a property of motion known as parallax. Parallax is a phenomenon that you can observe when you look out the window of a moving vehicle. Objects very close to the window, such as mailboxes or lamp posts, appear to move by very quickly, as objects in the distance, like trees or mountains, appear to move quite slowly through your field of vision. So to make the text look as real as possible, I applied a motion parallax to the text as well as setting three different tracking points on a table – each a different distance away from the camera. I set one word to follow each tacking point and, voilà; we have text that look like it is in real 3D space.
Observe. Make sure to take notice of the motion tracking, the depth of field and the parallax of the different words. _TAG_ _TAG_.
- Brad Williams is our kickass Video Producer. He's responsible for that baller video clip below.


Export (0) Print
Expand All
Socket.SendFile Method (String)
Sends the file fileName to a connected Socket object with the UseDefaultWorkerThread transmit flag.
Namespace: System.Net.Sockets
Assembly: System (in System.dll)
public void SendFile(
 string fileName
Type: System.String
A String that contains the path and name of the file to be sent. This parameter can be null.
The socket is not connected to a remote host.
The Socket object has been closed.
The Socket object is not in blocking mode and cannot accept this synchronous call.
The file fileName was not found.
This overload sends the file fileName to the connected socket. The flags parameter defaults to UseDefaultWorkerThread (0), and the preBuffer and postBuffer parameters default to null. If fileName is in the local directory, it may be identified with just the name of the file; otherwise, the full path and name of the file must be specified. Wildcards ("..\\myfile.txt") and UNC share names ("\\\\shared directory\\myfile.txt") are supported. If the file is not found, the exception FileNotFoundException is thrown.
This method uses the TransmitFile function found in the Windows Sockets 2 API. For more information about the TransmitFile function and its flags, see the Windows Sockets documentation in the MSDN Library.
SendFile synchronously sends a file to the remote host specified in the Connect or Accept method. SendFile can be used for both connection-oriented and for connectionless protocols.
If you are using a connectionless protocol, you must call Connect before calling this method, otherwise SendFile throws a SocketException exception. If you are using a connection-oriented protocol, you must either use Connect to establish a remote host connection or use Accept to accept an incoming connection.
If you are using a connection-oriented protocol, SendFile blocks until the file is sent. In nonblocking mode, SendFile may complete successfully before the entire file has been sent. There is no guarantee that the data you send will appear on the network immediately. To increase network efficiency, the underlying system may delay transmission until a significant amount of outgoing data is collected. A successful completion of the SendFile method means that the underlying system has had room to buffer your data for a network send.
The following code example creates and connects a socket and then sends a file to the remote host. The file "test.txt" is located in the root directory of the local machine.
// Establish the local endpoint for the socket.
IPHostEntry ipHost = Dns.GetHostEntry(Dns.GetHostName());
IPAddress ipAddr = ipHost.AddressList[0];
IPEndPoint ipEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(ipAddr, 11000);
// Create a TCP socket.
Socket client = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,
 SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
// Connect the socket to the remote endpoint.
// There is a text file test.txt located in the root directory.
string fileName = "C:\\test.txt";
// Send file fileName to remote device
Console.WriteLine("Sending {0} to the host.", fileName);
// Release the socket.
.NET Framework
.NET Framework Client Profile
Supported in: 4, 3.5 SP1
© 2014 Microsoft


text:
Grist is grain that has been separated from its chaff in preparation for grinding. It can also mean grain that has been ground at a grist mill. Its etymology derives from the verb grind. Grist can be ground into meal or flour, depending on how coarsely it is ground. Maize made into grist is called...
Found op _URL_
[magazine] Grist (originally Grist Magazine; also referred to as Grist.org) is an American non-profit online magazine that has been publishing environmental news and commentary with a wry twist since 1999. Grist's taglines are "Gloom and doom with a sense of humor" and "A beacon in the smog"...
Found op _URL_
[n] - grain intended to be or that has been ground
Found op _URL_
Brewers' term for milled grains, or the combination of milled grains to be used in a particular brew. Derives from the verb to grind.
Found op _URL_
Corn for grinding
Found op _URL_
Grist noun [ Anglo-Saxon grist, from grindan. See Grind.] 1. Ground corn; that which is ground at one time; as much grain as is carried to the mill at one time, or the meal it produces. « Get grist to the mill to ha...
Found op _URL_
1. Ground corn; that which is ground at one time; as much grain as is carried to the mill at one time, or the meal it produces. 'Get grist to the mill to have plenty in store.' (Tusser. Q)... 2. Supply; provision.... 3. In rope making, a given size of rope, common grist being a rope three inches i...
Found op _URL_
noun grain intended to be or that has been ground
Found op _URL_
- (n.) Supply; provision. • (n.) Ground corn; that which is ground at one time; as much grain as is carried to the mill at one time, or the meal it produces. • (n.) In rope making, a given size of rope, common grist being a rope three inches in circumference, with twenty yarns in each...
Found op _URL_
No exact matches found.
Typ a word and hit 'Search'.
The most recent searches on Encyclo. Between brackets you will find the number of results and number of related results.
- Yannis (4)
- Yeast Infection (5)
- Çetin Alp (1)
- San Vicente, Antioquia (1)
- Vi (23)
- sub judice (9)
- Hasty (8)
- thrust (25)
- quadrum (2)
- Charged (8)
- Byssoid (3)
- Ryons (3)
- relos (1)
- Sekirei (1)
- tube (25)
- Sarah Rose Karr (1)
- runch (4)
- Duhrssen's Incisions (1)
- Debeljaca (2)
- Chancroid (15)
- Nobuo uematsu (2)
- extravert (5)
- Amdocs Ensemble (1)
- secondary apnea (1)


LED Pool Light
Security lapse at India's Jio exposed coronavirus symptom checker results
Since the start of the outbreak, governments and companies have scrambled to develop apps and websites that can help users identify COVID-19 symptoms.
India's largest cell network Jio, a subsidiary of Reliance, launched its coronavirus self-test symptom checker in late March, just before the Indian government imposed a strict nationwide lockdown to prevent the further spread of the coronavirus. The symptom checker allows anyone to check their symptoms from their phone or Jio's website to see if they may have become infected with COVID-19.
But a security lapse exposed one of the symptom checker's core databases to the internet without a password, TechCrunch has found.
Jio's coronavirus symptom checker. One of its databases exposed users' responses. (Image: TechCrunch)
Security researcher Anurag Sen found the database on May 1, just after it was first exposed, and informed TechCrunch to notify the company. Jio quickly pulled the system offline after TechCrunch made contact. It's not known if anyone else accessed the database.
"We have taken immediate action," said Jio spokesperson Tushar Pania. "The logging server was for monitoring performance of our website, intended for the limited purpose of people doing a self-check to see if they have any COVID-19 symptoms."
The database contains millions of logs and records starting April 17 through to the time that the database was pulled offline. Although the server contained a running log of website errors and other system messages, it also ingested vast numbers of user-generated self-test data. Each self-test was logged in the database and included a record of who took the test — such as "self" or a relative, their age, and their gender.
The data also included the person's user agent, a small snippet of information about the user's browser version and the operating system, often used to load the website properly but can also be used to track a user's online activity.
The database also contains individual records of those who signed up to create a profile, allowing users to update their symptoms over time. These records contained the answers to each question asked by the symptom checker, including what symptoms they are experiencing, who they have been in contact with, and what health conditions they may have.
Some of the records also contained the user's precise location, but only if the user allowed the symptom checker access to their browser or phone's location data.
We've posted a redacted portion of one of the records below.
A redacted portion of the exposed database. (Image: TechCrunch)
From one sample of data we obtained, we found thousands of users' precise geolocation from across India. TechCrunch was able to identify people's homes using the latitude and longitude records found in the database.
Most of the location data is clustered around major cities, like Mumbai and Pune. TechCrunch also found users in the United Kingdom and North America.
The exposure could not come at a more critical time for the Indian telecoms giant. Last week Facebook invested $5.7 billion for a near-10% stake in Jio's Platforms, valuing the Reliance subsidiary at about $66 billion.
Jio did not answer our follow-up questions, and the company did not say if it will inform those who used the symptom tracker of the security lapse.
Source : TechCrunch
Write a Comment
view all comments