text:
Optical Mouse Cancer Warning Hoax
Email warns that radiation emitted by an optical computer mouse can cause cancer and damage hand tissue (Full commentary below
(Submitted July 2007)
Just in case, please be careful.
Subject: Optical mouse can cause cancer
The convinience of using optical mouse eventually coz dangerous side
effect. After Three years from the first launch by microsoft, have been
found thousand of cases - hands tissue coz by mouse radiation.
Optical Mouse works by release Electromagnetic high frequency to the lower
surface under it. This frequency much more higher than the frequency use
As it has been known that human hand and wrist contains lot of important
nerve connected to brain.
According to WHO, the radiation from Optical Mouse is 5 times stonger than
These radiation is even worse for those product with lower quality ( non
branded mouse ), since they use weaker shield to protect customer wrist.
WHO, GreenPeace, and CNN have stopped the usage of Optical mouse in their
Meanwhile Microsoft and IBM have allocate 2 billion of US Dollar, in joint
venture to make a safer pointing device.
Big Hardware Industries in China and Taiwan are trying to hide all fact
related to this things. While in the market, most of optical mouse sold
old were coming from their product.
To avoid this, try to reduce using mouse. learn how to use hot key ( i.e.
Ctrl-V, CTRL-C for paste and copy ) Use back your old model of mouse (
with the tracking ball).
According to this "warning" email, using an optical mouse can have dangerous side effects and cause cancer due to the amount of radiation produced by the devices. The message claims that there have been thousands of cases of hand tissue damage attributed to optical mouse radiation.
However, the claims in the message are fundamentally flawed. Optical mice do not emit radiation that could cause cancer or damage tissue. An optical mouse
has a tiny built-in camera that takes thousands of photographs per second. A red light emitting diode (LED) bounces light off the underlying surface to a sensor that analyzes the images and sends coordinates to the computer. The cursor is moved on the screen based on the coordinates received.
Thus, the core component of an optical mouse is a simple LED
. Nowadays, LEDs are ubiquitous and are used in dozens of electronic devices including indicator lights in household appliances, digital clocks, remote controls, traffic lights, brake lights, television backlighting, Christmas lights, watches and fiber optics. Many of us spend our lives virtually surrounded by these tiny lights. Yet, in spite of the fact that we are exposed to LEDs almost constantly, there is no reliable information whatsoever that suggests that LED "radiation" can cause cancer or tissue damage during normal use. In fact, scientists have discovered that LEDs may actually aid healing
and have other positive health effects.
Of course, LEDs can produce very bright light and ocular discomfort or damage could occur if we stared into the light for too long. Moreover, some reports indicate that blue LEDs like those on the front of many computer systems may have negative health effects, including eye strain, headaches and disturbed sleep. There is also a somewhat convoluted and unproven connection between blue light and cancer. A Texyt article
about blue LEDs notes:
Blue light at night reduces our bodies' melatonin levels, which can disturb sleep – this is generally accepted. What is far less certain [PDF] is a link between low levels of melatonin, a weakened immune system, and cancer.
That said, there is no suggestion that emissions from the blue LED itself can cause cancer. And the LED in an optical mouse is typically red, not blue.
Furthermore, I could find no believable news or consumer reports that claim that optical mouse use can cause cancer, and this is compelling evidence that the claims in the message are false. According to the message, there have been thousands of cases of hand damage caused by "mouse radiation". It is simply absurd to suggest that such serious and widespread health risks would have been totally ignored by the media, consumer groups, and governments. If there were really thousands of substantiated cases, there would certainly be official, and well-publicized, health warnings about the use of optical mice, not to mention the almost inevitable legal actions against the companies that manufacture them. In fact, if the potential health risks were really so great, the devices would have likely been withdrawn from sale completely.
And, for the record, there is no information on the World Health Organization (WHO) website about the strength or danger of optical mouse radiation, nor is there any reports that Greenpeace and CNN have stopped using the devices.
In short, this warning is no more than a ridiculous piece of scare-mongering nonsense. Forwarding it will help nobody and will serve only to spread misinformation.
How do optical mice work?
How Light Emitting Diodes Work
Light at the End of the Tunnel
Blue LEDs: A health hazard?
Does the LED light from an ordinary optical mouse pose a health hazard?
Last updated: 23rd July 2007
First published: 23rd July 2007
Write-up by Brett M. Christensen
Use Left Ear For Mobile Phone Hoax
Cold Water Causes Cancer Warning Message
Cell Phone Charging Danger Warning Email


Cultivate Digital
596 North Road Ormond 3204 Melbourne, VIC
Phone: _PHONE_
Are you ready for the super login?
Aug 31, 2017
The Turnbull government has a project in the works that would allow individuals to log onto a variety of websites with the same username and password.
According to Angus Taylor, Digital Transformation Assistant Minister, the 'super logon' would allow Australians to log into a variety of services without the hassle of trying to remember a plethora of different usernames and passwords.
Some of the services involved could include the Department of Human Services, banking, grocery shopping and telecommunication companies.
The process would include two-step verification with a code being sent via mobile phones to log into the system. Taylor, believes that this will reduce the incidence of identity fraud as individuals won't have as many passwords to remember so they can be more secure and complicated making them harder to crack!
Questions and Answers
Q. How do I secure my passwords online?
A. Here are 3 ways to safely store your passwords:
 1. Use your browser: All browsers have a password management system that is built into them and you can secure them here. Just make sure you have a complex password for your computer or device though to stop any people who use these from accessing them.
 2. 1Password, Dashlane and LastPass: These are paid for services that will secure your passwords for you. Encryption means that your password is safe from prying eyes.
 3. 2-step verification: Turn this option on wherever possible. You will enter your password and the system will send a code to your trusted mobile phone for authentication.
Just for Fun


science project: effect of aspirin on flowers
Beverly Erlebacher bae at
Mon Feb 12 19:31:25 EST 1996
In article <4fluqq$jps at> RXSE93A at (Phil Branstetter) writes:
>I am doing a 7th grade science project. The question is what is the
>effect of aspirin in the water of cut flowers. I thought it was supposed
>to extend their life but they turned brown at the stem and became limp.
>Is there any truth to the benefit of aspirin?
How much aspirin did you use? Did you do a control? You should try
putting flowers of the same type, cut at the same time, in equal amounts
of plain water (this is your control), and water with several different
concentrations of aspirin. Different concentrations may work differently
for different kinds of flowers. Too much aspirin may be worse than plain
water. Aspirin may be more or less effective depending on how fresh the
cut flowers are too.
If you design your experiment carefully, you should be able to draw
conclusions like "One aspirin per x amount of water makes (this kind
of) freshly cut flowers last n times as long without wilting than plain
water, but one aspirin per y amount of water is worse than no aspirin
in prolonging freshness".
It's usually a good idea to make a fresh cut before putting cut flowers
in water with or without additives, since the cut end seals up when it
dries, and the stem can't take in more fluid.
Beverly Erlebacher
Toronto, Ontario Canada
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Which college freshmen end up making more money 20 years later?
The happier ones:
…how happy individuals were as college freshmen predicted how high their income was nineteen years later, regardless of their initial level of wealth.
He's citing this study:
This longitudinal study examines the influence of dispositional affect, defined as self-rated cheerfulness at college entry, on 3 job outcomes (current income, job satisfaction, and unemployment history) assessed about 19 yrs later. Analysis using data from the 1976 "College and Beyond" survey of 13,676 freshmen shows that individuals with a higher cheerfulness rating at college entry have a higher current income and a higher job satisfaction rating and are less likely ever to have been unemployed than individuals with a lower cheerfulness rating. Although cheerfulness generally has a positive effect on current income, this effect is curvilinear, with current income increasing more rapidly at lower than at higher cheerfulness ratings; the effect is also moderated by parental income, with the increase in current income between any two cheerfulness ratings becoming greater as the level of parental income increases. The effect of cheerfulness on current income is not moderated by sex; the effect of cheerfulness on job satisfaction and on unemployment history is not moderated by either sex or parental income.
Source: "Dispositional affect and job outcomes" from Social Indicators Research
Related posts:
8 ways that money can buy happiness
What are your relationships worth, in dollars?
At what annual salary does money stop making us happier?
About Eric Barker


text:
Calculate the Lunar Eclipses for a given Year
Arduino is a powerful tool for programming and interfacing with hardware. But, it is also a powerful programmable computer with a built in ability to use your computer keyboard and display as input and output. Let's take advantage of this by writing a program that calculates the lunar eclipses for a given year. This program will cover how to input data into Arduino using the Serial Monitor, how to perform the computations, and how to return the information to the user using the Serial Monitor.
A lunar eclipse happens when the earth is between the sun and moon and the moon moves into the shadow cast into space by the earth.
The program calculates the dates of the full moons and checks to see if the moon is in the correct place at these times to move into the Earth's shadow. It then reports all of the occurrences and the magnitudes of umbra and penumbra eclipsing.
Download the code here:
Download the code and load it into the Arduino IDE. Select the correct board and download the program. Open the Serial Monitor and select 'NEWLINE' in the lower right dropdown box. Enter the year as a 4 digit value. The program will calculate the eclipsess, and display them.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Showing Collections: 1 - 1 of 1
Scope and Contents
The body of the letter is probably in the hand of a secretary, although the signature itself is thought to be that of Adam Ferguson. The letter dated 16 November 1815, St. Andrews, was written only 3-months or so before his death. The letter is to 'Dear Sir' and bears the address, James Chalmer Esq.r. / Abingdon Street / Westminster / London The letter refers to how on 'the other leaf of this paper' there is 'the original of a letter' which will explain itself. 'How a claim of mine...
- Names: Ferguson, Adam, _PHONE_ (historian, philosopher)
- Subject: Philosophers


text:
Rachael Gander from imagine gnats joined us before with the fun Quilt Blocks Tangram Book, Fussy-Cut Polaroid Ornaments and the Sun + Sea Patchwork Messenger Bag. You just know she'll share a great idea or two when she stops by! Today's Ombre Embroidery is the perfect technique for embellishing a skirt, bag and more.
It would seem that the ombre trend isn't going away anytime soon… And why should it?
From fabric to apparel to paper goods, from subtle to dramatic, ombre offers so many possibilities. And now you can add ombre embroidery to that list! With some simple, offset straight stitches, you can easily add ombre to your embroidery projects; the application of this technique has endless possibilities.
- Standard embroidery supplies: hoop, needle, fabric, stabilizer/interfacing, scissors
- Water soluble marker or pencil
- Perle cotton or stranded embroidery floss in your chosen color palette (used in this tutorial are five colors)
Get Started Stitching:
1. Decide what shape you'll be filling in with your ombre stitches. (For purposes of this tutorial, I decided to stitch an ombre "B," suitable for hanging right in the hoop in my little one's bedroom.)
2. Prepare fabric: apply stabilizer, draw outline of shape with water soluble marker and place in hoop.
3. Starting on one edge of your shape, mark a set of alternating short and long lines to give you an idea of where your first stitches will go. (In the project shown, short lines are approx 1/4″ and long lines approx 1/2″.)
4. Stitch your first set of lines, following the guides you've drawn. Note: The guides you drew will be helpful for how long to make the lines and for making sure that your direction is correct, but you will likely need to stitch closer together than the lines you drew in order to fill in the space.
5. With water soluble marker, draw two lines parallel to the line where your longest stitches end. To determine the distance between these lines, divide the length of your longest stitch in half. (In the project shown, lines are each 1/4″ apart.)
*This photo is slightly out of order, but you can see the lines I've drawn here.
6. Using the next thread color in your spectrum and following your drawn lines as a guide for your stitch lengths, stitch next line. This line will consist of all long stitches, and each stitch will start where the stitches in the last row ended so that they will be offset.
7. If there are areas within your shape that should not have stitching, take care to begin and end your stitches within your drawn shape lines.
8. Continue in same manner, changing color with each new row of stitches, until your shape is filled in with ombre embroidery.
Hang Your Project in the Hoop:
1. Turn over your work and stitch a line of long stitches about 1/2″ outside of hoop.
2. Pull thread to gather stitches and knot thread to hold.
3. Trim excess fabric and tie loop for hanging.
And there you have it… You're ready to add an interesting new ombre technique to your embroidery projects! Here's the technique in another project:


text:
Adding the Lookup_array for the MATCH Function
This step covers adding the Lookup_array argument for the nested MATCH function.
The Lookup_array is the range of cells that the MATCH function will search to find the Lookup_value argument added in the previous step of the tutorial.
In this example, we want the MATCH function to search cells D5 to G5 for a match to the name of the month that will be entered into cell E2.
These steps are to be entered after the comma entered in the previous step on the Col_index_num line in the VLOOKUP function dialog box.
- If necessary, click on the Col_index_num line after the comma to place the insertion point at the end of the current entry.
- Drag select cells D5 to G5 in the worksheet to enter these cell references as the range the function is to search.
- Press the F4 key on the keyboard to change this range into absolute cell references. Doing so will make it possible to copy the completed lookup formula to other locations in the worksheet in the last step of the tutorial
- Type a comma ", " after the cell reference E3 to complete the entry of the MATCH function's Lookup_array argument.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Story of the Week: Lions, LCIF Form New Partnership to Vaccinate Kids
Lions around the world are actively involved with initiatives to improve the lives of kids. We have immunized more than 41 million children in Africa against measles. Now, we're expanding our efforts to increase awareness about the importance of vaccinations for children through a partnership with the United Nations Foundation Shot@Life campaign.
One child dies every 20 seconds from a disease that could have been prevented by a vaccine. By encouraging Americans to learn about, advocate for and donate vaccines, the Shot@Life campaign will decrease vaccine-preventable childhood deaths and give children a shot at a healthy life.
Lions and LCIF have already made progress toward this goal with our Lions-Measles Initiative pilot program. In this video, you'll learn more about our efforts to eliminate measles, the leading cause of childhood blindness, in Nigeria, Mali, Ethiopia and Madagascar.


text:
Nickname: Fighting Tigers
The Nickname: "Fighting Tigers"
Way back in the fall of 1896, coach A.W. Jeardeau's LSU football team posted a perfect 6-0-0 record, and it was in that pigskin campaign that LSU first adopted its nickname, Tigers.
'Tigers' seemed a logical choice since most collegiate teams in that year bore the names of ferocious animals, but the underlying reason why LSU chose 'Tigers' dates back to the Civil War.
According to Arthur W. Bergeron, Jr., PhD. and the "Guide to Louisiana Confederate Military Units, _PHONE_" (LSU Press, 1989), the name Louisiana Tigers evolved from a volunteer company nicknamed the Tiger Rifles, which was organized in New Orleans. This company became a part of a battalion commanded by Major Chatham Roberdeau Wheat and was the only company of that battalion to wear the colorful Zouave uniform. In time, Wheat's entire battalion was called the Tigers.
That nickname in time was applied to all of the Louisiana troops of Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. The tiger symbol came from the famous Washington Artillery of New Orleans. A militia unit that traces its history back to the 1830s, the Washington Artillery had a logo that featured a snarling tiger's head. These two units first gained fame at the Battle of First Manassas on July 21, 1861. Major David French Boyd, first president of LSU after the war, had fought with the Louisiana troops in Virginia and knew the reputation of both the Tiger Rifles and Washington Artillery.
Thus when LSU football teams entered the gridiron battlefields in their fourth year of intercollegiate competition, they tagged themselves as the 'Tigers'.
It was the 1955 LSU 'fourth-quarter ball club' that helped the moniker 'Tigers' grow into the nickname, 'Fighting Tigers'.
Thanks to Arthur W. Bergeron, Jr., PhD., a historian at the Pamplin Historical Park, for contributing to the above information.
Colors: Purple and Gold
There is some discrepancy in the origin of Royal Purple and Old Gold as LSU's official colors.
It is believed that those colors were worn for the first time by an LSU team in the spring of 1893 when the LSU baseball squad beat Tulane in the first intercollegiate contest played in any sport by Louisiana State University. Team captain E.B. Young reportedly hand-picked those colors for the LSU squad.
Later that year, the first football game was played. On November 25, 1893, football coach/chemistry professor Dr. Charles Coates and some of his players went into town to purchase ribbon to adorn their gray jerseys as they prepared to play the first LSU gridiron game.
Stores were stocking ribbons in the colors of Mardi Gras -- purple, gold and green. -- for the coming Carnival season. However, none of the green had yet arrived at Reymond's Store at the corner of Third and Main streets. Coates and quarterback Ruffin Pleasant bought up all of the purple and gold stock and made it into rosettes and badges.
Songs of LSU
LSU Alma Mater
Where stately oaks and broad magnolias
shade inspiring halls,
There stands our dear Old Alma Mater
who to us recalls
Fond memories that waken in our hearts
a tender glow,
And make us happy for the love
that we have learned to know.
All hail to thee our Alma Mater,
molder of mankind,
May greater glory, love unending
be forever thine.
Our worth in life will be thy worth
we pray to keep it true,
And may thy spirit live in us, forever L-S-U.
"Fight For LSU"
Like Knights of old, Let's fight to hold
The glory of the Purple Gold.
Let's carry through, Let's die or do
To win the game for dear old LSU.
Keep trying for that high score;
Come on and fight,
We want some more, some more.
Come on you Tigers, Fight! Fight! Fight!
for dear old L-S-U.
"Hey Fighting Tiger"
(Adapted from the original composition 'Hey, Look Me Over' from the Broadway production 'Wildcat'.)
Hey, Fightin' Tigers, Fight all the way
Play, Fightin' Tigers, win the game today.
You've got the know how,
you're doing fine,
Hang on to the ball as you hit the wall
And smash right through the line
You've got to go for a touchdown
Run up the score.
Make Mike the Tiger stand right up and roar.
Give it all of your might as you fight tonight
and keep the goal in view.
Victory for L-S-U!
"Tiger Rag" (Hold that Tiger)
Long ago, way down in the jungle
Someone got an inspiration for a tune,
And that jingle brought from the jungle
Became famous mighty soon.
Thrills and chills it sends thru you!
Hot! so hot, it burns you too!
Tho' it's just the growl of the tiger
It was written in a syncopated way,
More and more they howl for the 'Tiger'
Ev'ry where you go today
Where's that Tiger! Where's that Tiger!
Where's that Tiger! Where's that Tiger!
Hold that Tiger! Hold that Tiger!
Hold that Tiger!
"Touchdown for LSU" (Pregame)
Tigers! Tigers! They've come to town,
They fight! They fight! Call a first down,
Just look them over, and how they can go,
Smashing the line with runs and passes
high and low.
Touchdown! Touchdown! It's Tigers' score.
Give them hell and a little bit more.
Come on you Tigers, Fight them, you Tigers,
Touchdown for LSU.
Rah! U. Rah!


text:
Deliquescence Behavior of Sodium Borohydride and Steam
- Type: Conference Presentation
- Conference Type:
AIChE Annual Meeting
- Presentation Date:
October 16, 2011
- Skill Level:
Sodium borohydride as an effective, cheap and stable material for hydrogen storage has been studied widely. Despite prior studies [1-5]on the steam hydrolysis of NaBH4, the mechanism for the release of hydrogen by water vapor/ NaBH4 contact has not been well understood. Recently, Beaird et al. established that the initial step in the pathway is deliquescence of water onto NaBH4, and she reported the deliquescence relative humidity (DRH) based on visual observation of the change in appearance of NaBH4 crystals during reaction. A basic study of the phase behavior during the water vapor hydrolysis reaction is necessary should the reaction pathway be exploited in for future engineering designs. Therefore, in this presentation we build on prior DRH measurements by developing a theoretical model and utilizing this, with experiments and simulation, to accurately predict the deliquescence behavior of steam on sodium borohydride. Macroscopically, we describe deliquescence in the bulk limit where the theory is well established. Microscopically, we have also used first principles density functional theory to examine the initial stages of deliquescence at the atomic level. We have performed ab initio molecular dynamics at 300 K and 350 K using a slab model of the NaBH4(001) surface covered by water. The simulations indicate that the initial stages of deliquescence happen very rapidly, with water penetrating the (001) surface on the picosecond time-scale. Deliquescence is known to initiate clearly with increasing relative humidity on reaching free energy equality between the initial (salt particle plus vapor) and final (fully dissolved solution drop plus vapor) states until deliquescence. Additional experiments utilize in situ visualization, as described by Beaird et al..
 R. Aiello, et al., "Production of hydrogen from chemical hydrides via hydrolysis with steam," International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 24, pp. _PHONE_, 1999.
 A. M. Beaird, et al., "Deliquescence in the Hydrolysis of Sodium Borohydride by Water Vapor," Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, vol. 49, pp. 9596-9599, 2010.
 H. Liu, et al., "Vapor phase batch hydrolysis of NaBH4 at elevated temperature and pressure," International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. In Press, Corrected Proof.
 E. Y. Marrero-Alfonso, et al., "Hydrolysis of sodium borohydride with steam," International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 32, pp. 4717-4722, 2007.
 E. Y. Marrero-Alfonso, et al., "Minimizing water utilization in hydrolysis of sodium borohydride: The role of sodium metaborate hydrates," International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 32, pp. 4723-4730, 2007.


text: Sensorimotor adaptation ensures movement accuracy despite continuously changing environment and body. Adaptation of saccadic eye movements is a classical model of sensorimotor adaptation. Beside the well-established role of the brainstem–cerebellum in the adaptation of reactive saccades (RSs), the cerebral cortex has been suggested to be involved in the adaptation of voluntary saccades (VSs). Here, we provide direct evidence for a causal involvement of the parietal cortex in saccadic adaptation. First, the posterior intraparietal sulcus (pIPS) was identified in each subject using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Then, a saccadic adaptation paradigm was used to progressively reduce the amplitude of RSs and VSs, while single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (spTMS) was applied over the right pIPS. The perturbations of pIPS resulted in impairment for the adaptation of VSs, selectively when spTMS was applied 60 ms after saccade onset. In contrast, the adaptation of RSs was facilitated by spTMS applied90 ms after saccade initiation. The differential effect of spTMS relative to saccade types suggests a direct interference with pIPS activity for the VS adaptation and a remote interference with brainstem– cerebellum activity for the RS adaptation. These results support the hypothesis that the adaptation of VSs and RSs involves different neuronal substrates.


What's The Difference: Menudo Vs. Igado
Here are the ingredients that make these two Filipino dishes different.
IMAGE Majoy Siason
ILLUSTRATOR Roselle Miranda
Many pork stew recipes have similar ingredients. It's made with pork, it has chunks of vegetables, and is stewed in a flavorful sauce that brings the dish together into a satisfying meal.
While these may all seem the same, it's the tiny differences in ingredients that make these pork stews different from each other. In the case of menudo and igado, the two dishes actually share many similarities while the differences are minimal.
Both are pork stews with pork liver. Each is a savory, tangy stew that uses a few similar ingredients such as soy sauce that replaces the salt and a sour ingredient to complement the savoriness. Each also has a few ingredients that differentiate it from the other. Here are those differences:
1 Menudo is a saucy stew. Igado is cooked until almost dry.
A sauce is common for stews. Stews are dishes that are simmered, usually over low heat or flame, so that not only will the meat tenderize in this time, the ingredients that make up the sauce or liquid will also become more flavorful through the long cooking time.
For the menudo, this means it results in a thick tomato-based sauce that coats each chunk. For igado, the savory sauce is sometimes simmered until almost dry. This doesn't mean igado is dry, only that the pork absorbs most of the flavors as it simmers. This thick and concentrated sauce then coats the pork and other ingredients, resulting in a dish that is less saucy than menudo but also one that's super flavorful.
Photo by Riell Santos
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Menudo uses small cubes of pork. Igado uses pork sliced into strips.
One look at both dishes will tell you what is served: if the pork pieces have been cut into small cubes, chances are the dish is a menudo. If you see pork strips along with the bell peppers, it's igado
While you can easily change up the cuts of the pork, these are the common pork cuts that you'll find for these two dishes.
Photo by Riell Santos
Menudo has potatoes and carrots. Igado uses green peas and bell peppers.
Another quick look at the two dishes reveals that even the vegetables are different.
While menudo sticks to the usual root vegetables many stews use, namely, potatoes and carrots, igado veers away from those common ingredients. Instead, it takes a page from another stew, the kaldereta, and uses green peas and bell peppers to accompany the pork. The green peas are added nutrition and color but the bell peppers give the igado its unique sweet, bitter flavor that makes it taste different.
Menudo uses tomato sauce. Igado uses vinegar.
This might be the most telling difference when it comes to taste. While the look of the dish can instantly tell you that you're eating a different dish, the taste of each dish will definitely solidify your opinion.
Give menudo a taste and you'll notice that the main ingredient in the sauce is the tangy tomatoes seasoned with soy sauce. There's an underlying sweetness to it, too. It's might be from the raisins that were tossed in or the sugar that not only sweetens but also helps balance the flavor of the sour tomatoes.
The igado however uses a different souring ingredient instead of tomato sauce: vinegar. You might actually think that igado is another kind of adobo, since it uses the same two main ingredients, soy sauce and vinegar. However, its other ingredients, namely the pork liver and the bell peppers, that make this beloved Ilocano recipe taste even more different than even the adobo
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text:
Submitted by Zach Hyman
These objects hang from many balconies of multi-story buildings in urban Yangon. They can function as several things; a doorbell if you attach a bell to the end, and a mailbox if you hook a plastic bag around the end. Why not just use a normal doorbell, or get a conventional mailbox, you may ask? There isn't always electricity, and hence there isn't always a way to make the doorbell ring (despite the idea of a "bell" being something you can just hit to make work, the idea today is not that simple). Nobody wants to trudge up 6 flights of stairs in the dark only to find that the person who they wanted to see is not home - much easier to pull on a rope that has a bell attached to the top end of it so that if an apartment's inhabitants are home they will hear the bell and come to the balcony.
As for mailboxes, well, why incorporate something into a building in a dense urban environment where space is already very scarce when you can instead place it outside in the air, an uncrowded and relatively limitless space? Standard protocol dictates that a deliverer of any mail will give several courtesy rings on the ring-rope to notify inhabitants of a delivery.


Relatively Prime Permutations
Euler's Totient function, φ(n), is used to determine the number of numbers less than n that are relatively prime to n. For example, φ(6) = 2, because only 1 and 5 are relatively prime with 6.
Interestingly, φ(63) = 36, and this is the first example of a number which produces a permutation of the value of its Totient function.
Given that p is prime, prove that p will not be a permutation of φ(p), and prove that p2 will not be a permuation of φ(p2).
Problem ID: 240 (10 Aug 2005) Difficulty: 3 Star
Show Problem & Solution


text:
Image pictured above, the Making it Work study logo, was designed by Clayton Gauthier.
Making It Work is an Indigenous focused community-based research study focused on integrated community services for people living with HIV, hepatitis C, and/or challenges with mental health or substance use. It is co-led by the Pacific AIDS Network and the AHA Centre, at CAAN. From a methodological perspective, Making It Work seeks to bridge Indigenous ways of knowing and doing and Indigenous research methodologies with Western academic RealistEvaluation methodology. The team has had many discussions about what this would look like and how it would work, and continue to do so. We envision our work as a kind of spiral, where everything we learn feeds into the next questions we seek to ask, and the information we glean from those questions then feeds into further questions, and so on. In addition to the three primary goals of the project, we are actively working to document what this methodological approach looks like and how we are building it as the project goes forward.
Initiative Objectives and Goals
We have three primary goals: to develop and implement an evidence-based evaluation plan for case management and community development programs across BC; to support capacity building in community-based research and evaluation methods for Peer Researchers, communities, and other stakeholders; and to highlight how Indigenous service delivery models can inform services for Indigenous and non-Indigenous people accessing services.
The Role of this Initiative to End the HIV Epidemic
Making It Work explores the relationship between improved outcomes and cultural safety, case management and community development by developing an understanding of how service providers adapt case management and programming to "make them work" in ways that are culturally safe for the people they serve.
Meaningful Engagement with People with Lived Experience
The process was collaborative and inclusive. The communities in which the research took place were full partners in all stages of the process. Community-based research seeks to democratize knowledge by recognizing and valuing the unique strengths and perspectives of all members involved in the research process.
Service providers, peer evaluators, service users, communities and other stakeholders
The importance of dialogue and spending time to discuss things from different perspectives has been evident in integrating Realist Evaluation into our project. This process has been one of capacity bridging between members of our research team with different life experience, and between Indigenous and non-Indigenous team members. Having people come together with different knowledge and world views and spending the time to develop our research methods using 'both eyes', or ways of seeing—without one eye being dominant over the other—has allowed us a wealth of information to build into our understanding. Part of coming together as a team with different experiences and knowledge has meant we have needed to be clear with our language and had to define concepts well. We have done this in team discussion sand have made a "key definitions" document to help guide our work.
Related knowledge transfer and exchange(KTE) products and resources are available on the PAN site.


Around How Long Did It Typically Take For A Wagon Train To Travel The Oregon Trail?
four to six months
How long did it take to travel by covered wagon?
During what century was the Oregon Trail most traveled?
How long was the average wagon train?
The wagon train would travel at around two miles an hour. This enabled the emigrants to average ten miles a day. With good weather the 2,000 mile journey from Missouri to California and Oregon would take about five months.
How fast did a Conestoga wagon travel?
about 10-15 miles per day
Did they really circle the wagons?
Although pioneer journals often mention "circling the wagons," it is not at all certain that all wagon trains pulled their wagons into a circle for the night, nor which of their possessions they protected inside those circles if they used them.
What were two main causes of death along the trail?
Nearly one in ten who set off on the Oregon Trail did not survive. The two biggest causes of death were disease and accidents.
How many died on the Oregon Trail?
65,000 deaths
Can you still hike the Oregon Trail?
Why did Pioneers go to Oregon?
Pioneer settlers were sometimes pulled west because they wanted to make a better living. Others received letters from friends or family members who had moved west. These letters often told about a good life on the frontier. The biggest factor that pulled pioneers west was the opportunity to buy land.
Why did settlers circle their wagons at night?
"To be on the safe side, the pioneers drew their wagons into a circle at night to create a makeshift stockade. If they feared Indians might raid their livestock—the Plains tribes valued the horses, though generally ignored the oxen—they would drive the animals into the enclosure."
What did they eat on wagon trains?
Beans and rice, dried meat and salted bacon, dried fruit, hardtack or crackers (hard dried bread which had to be softened in water to eat). They took flour and sugar and sometimes baked bread, biscuits, or pies.
Why did they say Wagons ho?
Fires had to be made from dried buffalo dung, or "buffalo chips," as settlers called them. The travelers usually ate a breakfast of sowbelly (bacon) and slam-johns (flapjacks). At seven each morning, Applegate gave the command, "Wagons ho!" Each wagon had to be in its assigned place at that time.Travel
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To do this task you need administrator privilege. So, why don't you activate the administrator account and use it.
How to hide a drive:
1. Click right mouse on the computer and select Manage. Select the disk management under storage from the left pane. Or, you can also get the Disk management typing diskmgmt.msc in the run and pressing enter.
2. From there click right-mouse on which drive you want to hide and select Change Drive Letters and Paths.
|Change Drive Letter or Path|
3. Now select remove. Don't worry! This action just removes the drive letter.
4. Pressing on the Remove a warning message will be shown and accept it by clicking on yes. It's just telling you that all programs installed on that drive won't work or this drive is opened by another program.
It's done! Your selected drive is hidden now.
The hidden drive won't be appearing to the administrator of the OS unless it is unbidden.
How to unhide the drive:
1. Open the Disk Management as shown above.
2. Right mouse click on the drive which is hidden/removed. Tips: the hidden drive doesn't contain any drive letter.
3. Choose the Change Drive Letters and Paths and select Add to add drive letter or path to the hidden drive.
|Add hidden drive|
|Assign drive letter|
That's it! No data is lost or damage. Even the installed files are working again without any errors. From now you shouldn't need any extra software to hide or unhide your PC's drives. And if it helps you, why don't you share or rate this?
People who read this, they also read:
- Easily Lock a Folder in Windows 7/Vista/XP
- How to Change folder background in Windows 7/vista/xp[without software]
- How to Password Protect USB Drive in windows 7


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Are lying and cheating instinctive or calculating?
To answer this question, Shaul Shalvi and his colleagues set up an experiment in which volunteers were told that they could earn ten shekels (about $2.50) for each pip of the numeral that they rolled on a die. The volunteers were asked to check the outcome of the roll, to roll the die twice more to satisfy themselves that it was not loaded, and then to report the outcome of the original roll on a computer terminal. Half the volunteers were given no time limit in which to do this, whereas the other half were given a time limit of just 20 seconds.
If the volunteers had been completely honest, the average reported roll would have been 3.5 or thereabouts. The volunteers with just 20 seconds in which to complete the task reported an average roll of 4.6, whereas the volunteers with an unlimited amount of time reported an average roll of just 3.9, an important and statistically significant difference.
Although both groups lied, the group with more time for reflection lied considerably less. This finding was confirmed by a second, similar experiment in which volunteers were asked to roll the die just once and then to report the outcome. Half the volunteers were given no time limit, whereas the other half were given a time limit of just 8 seconds. The volunteers with the 8 second time limit reported an average roll of 4.4, compared to 3.4 for the volunteers with an unlimited amount of time. Note that, in this case, the volunteers with an unlimited amount of time actually told the truth.
These findings strongly suggest that lying and cheating are more instinctive than calculating: if people are given plenty of time to think over a problem, they are far more likely to come up with an honest answer. Or as the philosopher Kierkegaard put it,
Far from idleness being the root of all evil, it is rather the only true good.
Shalvi S, Eldar O, & Bereby-Meyer Y (March 2012): Honesty requires time (and lack of justifications), Psychological Science.


Sunday, September 10, 2006
Game Review: "Panty Explosion"
Atarashii Games' Panty Explosion by Matt Schlotte and Jake Richmond is a "Psychic Schoolgirl Adventure Game." The book is 94 pages plus character sheet (designed like a student's permanent record), with front and back covers by co-designer Jake Richmond, who provides all of the game's art.
First thing's first. What's up with the title? "Panty Explosion" sounds at first like a distasteful joke. But what Richmond and Schlotte seem to have been going for is the weird phrasing and mis-translation that often happens back and forth between Japanese and English. It conveys a sense of self-awareness and pop-culture sensibility for the game, once it's clear that the title is about whacky for whacky's sake, and that it's not actually sketchy when you get to reading the book.
The layout gives lined paper background to the text, iconography in layout as well as other elements emphasizing the Japanese Schoolgirl aspect of the game, including little drawings of cats and scribbles like "Yumi <3 Toyo." Panty Explosion is designed to do one thing and one thing only—Psychic Japanese Schoolgirls. The amount to which you focus on the psychic element and how much that influences the story is left open, but most of the game's information and the game's construction is oriented towards the schoolgirl side.
In Panty Explosion, the players portray Japanese schoolgirls in junior high and high school, one or more of whom (but not all, the book recommends) are psychic, and therefore draw the attention of various demons, a catch-all term for supernatural and non-supernatural antagonists arrayed against the schoolgirls.
Student Creation and Dice Mechanics
Since Panty Explosion is very strongly character-focused, student creation takes great prominence in the book. When creating your student, cultural elements specific to Japanese schoolgirls inform the character's traits. Blood Type is regarded as a personality indicator in Japan, and therefore it will provide traits just as will your character's birth month, determining their Zodiac animal. Traits in Panty Explosion are prose traits, ex: "Tall for her age" or "Captain of the Kendo team"
The attributes known to many through Miyamoto Musashi's Book of Five Rings, the five elements (Fire, Water, Earth, Air, Void) referred to as the Godai throughout the book. The Godai are the primary attributes, each representing the student's capability in the area governed by the element. A student strong in Earth is more likely to have the ability to succeed when she is using her physical strength or stubbornness. Students choose 1 element as their strength and one as their weakness. The strength gets a rating of 5, the weakness gets a rating of one, and the other three fill in with 4, 3, and 2 dice in any order of the player's choosing.
These dice represent the pool the student can call upon in conflicts, and the degree to which the student can impact a situation through the different approaches. If a player uses all three of his student's Fire dice to kick a demon, that player will not be able to use Fire-type actions (attacking with force of words or physical might, straightforward aggressive action).
Traits are chosen in five areas: Blood Type, Zodiac, Godai, Friends and Family, and Hobbies. Traits come into play by increasing the die-type that the player rolls for the student. If a student that would normally roll d8s could bring in a trait, her roll would use d10s instead. (Panty Explosion uses 6, 8, 10 and 12-sided dice).
The size of dice a student normally uses in conflict is determined by her popularity. Players vote at the beginning of each session and each school day in the story, with one vote per player for most popular and least popular. The least popular girl rolls d6s, the most popular rolls d10s, and everyone else rolls d8s. Psychic girls, since they're weird and creepy cannot be the most popular. A die succeeds on 5 or more, so popularity ends up being very important in how easy it is for a student to succeed.
Each student also chooses a best friend and a rival. Character A can be Character B's Best friend, but Character B can consider Character A to be her rival. The rival is still a friend, but the student envies or dislikes them in some way which becomes explored in the game. In resolution, if an action is successful, it is described by the player of your student's Best Friend, if it fails, resolution is described by the Rival.
The students who are psychic have access to two powers, Levitation and Make Heads Explode. These are fairly broad in their application, based on the character's desires. Making Heads Explode is hard to control, but isn't always fatal. Each power can be used with three of the five Godai.
Each student has a personal agenda, which can be anything from 'prove to my class that I'm not as dumb as I seem' to 'keep my father at his dead-end job so I can stay in my school.' These agendas should be attainable but worth struggling for. They will help shape the story that the players tell in the game.
Running the Game
The player who provides the Demon, the school, and the non-player-student characters is called the Superintendent. Information on scene framing, demon creation, and storytelling is provided, with a major focus on helping the players explore the lives of Japanese schoolgirls in a demon-infested world. Scenes are described as being comprised of the five elements of the Godai, to break things down for ease of construction.
Superintendents are instructed to include student's personal agendas in the story that is constructed for the students, so that they are engaged on a personal level as well as the plot level.
The Demon of the story need not be an oni or other creature out of Japanese legend, it can just as easily be a government organization trying to get its clutches on the group's psychic(s), or an abusive teacher. The demon is the primary antagonist of the story. The demon gets more powerful as the psychic uses her powers, and is more powerful for each agenda left unresolved when the students confront it. The Superintendent is advised to split the demon's dice up between multiple encounters to provide several instances of conflict rather than just having the demon sweep in and kill all the students. Scenario construction is also broken down by element, as scene construction.
Examples of monster demons are given, and one third of the book is devoted to setting details to constructing a game for Japanese schoolgirls, with information about religion, hobbies, districts of Tokyo, cram schools, and more. Even if you don't use the system to play the game it's preparing you for, if you're looking to do a game set in school in Japan, this game provides invaluable information and advice for story construction.
Panty Explosion sets itself up to do one thing, and it seems like it would do it very very well. The book is focused like a laser, filled with suggestions on how to tell the stories of Japanese schoolgirls balancing between life and monster-fighting, the thematics supported from the setting description to the rules and back again.
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Tiger conservation gains threatened by proposed dam
As opposition to the dam project builds, the Thai Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation (DNP) and WWF today released rare video footage of a tigress and her two cubs in Mae Wong National Park, close to the proposed dam construction site.
The 20-second footage, retrieved from camera traps in May, offers hope for the survival of the species and evidence of the success of joint efforts by the Thai government, public sector and communities to manage and restore Thailand's western forest complex, a crucial tiger habitat.
"As tigers need large amounts of food, especially when they are nursing their young, the new footage indicates that prey in the Mae Wong-Klong Lan forests is abundant enough to support tiger reproduction and recovery," said Rungnapa Phoonjampa, Manager of WWF-Thailand's Mae WongKlong Lan National Parks Tiger Recovery Programme. "The camera traps captured many tiger prey species including gaur, barking deer, wild pig and deer, as well as other mammals, including tapir, serow, Fea's muntjac and elephant. In all over 30 mammal species were captured on film."
Numbers of the Indochinese tiger, found in Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam, are in steep decline due to shrinking habitat, the illicit trade in tiger parts for traditional medicines, and depletion of tiger prey species. Fewer than 300 wild tigers are estimated to remain in Thailand.
Camera traps are part of collective efforts by the DNP and WWF-Thailand to track the tiger population in this part of the Western Forest Complex, which includes 17 protected areas covering over 19,000 km². Camera trapping in Mae Wong has so far recorded the presence of 9 tigers and 2 cubs, much higher than initially expected by WWF researchers. One of these tigers was previously caught on camera in the Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary in July 2011, located 40 kilometres from Mae Wong, revealing the movement of tigers from Huay Kha Khaeng into Mae Wong.
The conservation efforts in Mae Wong and Klong Lan national parks build on commitments made at the 2010 Tiger Summit in St Petersburg, Russia. During this high-level Summit, the Thai government along with the 12 other tiger range states committed to doubling the numbers of wild tigers by 2022. They also presented the Global Tiger Recovery Programme, which aims to conserve and recover tiger populations and their prey and clamp down on poaching.
"The recent camera trap footage, along with the encouraging data we have on tiger prey species, shows the conservation work of the DNP and WWF-Thailand is on the right track," added Rungnapa. "The Mae Wong and Klong Lan forests are not only critical tiger habitat, they are also home to other threatened species. By protecting the tigers, we really can protect so much more."
However, the new THB 13 billion (US$400 million) dam project proposed for the Mae Wong river threatens the survival of Thailand's tigers and conservation work in Mae Wong national park, as well as the adjacent UNESCO World Heritage Site of Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary.
The dam will destroy over 10 km² of the national park, submerging an area where sambar deer, an important prey species for tigers, are found and had through successful conservation efforts recovered to a healthy population. New access roads would also risk increasing poaching pressure.
WWF and other NGOs opposing the dam project have asked the government to consider alternative measures to mitigate flood and drought problems. These measures include better water management, improved irrigation, and building smaller dams outside protected areas.
"Years of successful conservation efforts will be washed away if the dam construction goes ahead, "added Rungnapa. "The Mae Wong dam must be stopped or we risk losing our tigers and so much more that Thailand loves and reveres."
For more information, please contact:
Dr Rungnapa Phoonjampa, Manager, Mae Wong-Klong Lan National Parks Tiger Recovery Programme, WWF Thailand, Tel. +66 86 _PHONE_, e- mail: _EMAIL_
Ua-phan Chamnan-ua, Communications Manager, WWF Thailand, Tel. +66 2 _PHONE_ Ext 106, +66 81 _PHONE_, e-mail: _EMAIL_


become the more difficult we tend to think.
Why can't we use Soap?
Depending on the chemical compound in soap, the compound might be harsh for the ironware in which whether the cast iron product is seasoned or not.
So, to be in the safe side it is preferred not to use soap, instead use the oil with lukewarm water.
When it says no soap can be use, it is much more frugal we can become. We can try to think it simpler or even plainly just like the old days
By following the tips above, Nambu cast iron can be successfully care after and Thus revoke the statement above.


Sun Java System Directory Server Enterprise Edition 6.1 Reference
Small, Medium, and Large Data Sets
A working set refers to the data actually pulled into memory so the server can respond to client applications. The data set here is then the entries in the directory that you see are in fact getting used due to client traffic. The data set may include every entry in the directory, or may be composed most of the time of the some smaller number of entries, such as entries corresponding to people in a time zone where users are active.
We define three data set sizes, based on how much of the directory data set fits into available physical memory:
The data set fits entirely into physical memory with fully-loaded database and entry caches.
The data set fits in physical memory, and extra physical memory can be dedicated to entry cache.
The data set is too small to fit completely in available physical memory.
The ideal case is of course the small data set. If your data set is small, set database cache size and entry cache size such that all entries fit in both the database cache and the entry cache.
The following sections provide recommendations for medium and large data sets where the server performs either all searches or all modify operations.


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Future Sustainable Energy Solutions for Sulaymaniyah : Minor Field Study
Abstract: The study aims to identify the reasons behind power shortages in the city Sulaymaniyah, located in northern Iraq or Iraqi Kurdistan, and to clarify how large the difference between power demand and supply is. Also, several interviews have been performed to give further insight to the issues and possibilities the region is facing. Nevertheless, a portion of the energy demand is met by local diesel generators supplying power in city districts. With the use of the software program ArcGIS, a mapping of all the diesel generators in the city districts is done in order to visualize the unsustainable conditions of the city. In addition, the energy output of the diesel generators is quantified, and the energy supplied to a household is estimated on an average. Later, calculations are performed to estimate the diesel generators price for electricity, their amount of annual CO 2 emissions and social costs. In order to bring light to renewable energy solutions, a solar PV configuration was chosen based on regulations and infrastructure issues in the region, suitable for households. Furthermore, with the use of intra-hour solar irradiance data from Meteonorm and the software Matlab, an optimal solar PV angle was calculated for Sulaymaniyah. Thereafter, the goal was to substitute diesel generated energy with solar PV energy and thus a solar PV system was estimated for a typical household based on; the average energy received from diesel generators, the solar PV system's efficiency and the total solar irradiance striking the tilted panels. Furthermore, a Net Present Value was calculated to evaluate the economic profitability of the solar PV investment. Lastly, a sensitivity analysis was done with different scenarios to predict different outcomes of the NPV model. The study found that the energy system in Iraqi Kurdistan is unreliable and unsustainable, mostly due to infrastructure issues and political uncertainties. Due to these issues, power shortages occur on a daily basis and the difference between power supply and demand reached an average of 350 MW throughout 2018, and the largest difference reached 1304 MW. The number of diesel generators in the city was 525 and had a combined installed capacity of 176.6 MW, however they are usually working at 85 % operational efficiency resulting in a power supply of 150.1 MW. Additionally, it was estimated that a household receives an average of 920.07 W from the diesel generators. Furthermore, the calculated price for electricity was 207 IQD/kWh and all the generators combined pollutes approximately 319000 tons of CO 2 per year. The optimal angle for a solar panel in Sulaymaniyah was calculated to 21° and the recommended configuration for a solar PV system for households was a stand-alone battery storage system. In order for households to replace the diesel generators they need a capacity of 1.62 kW and a dimensioning of 9.66 m 2. Finally, based on the NPV model it was found that it is economically profitable to invest in a solar PV system with today's conditions. However, the investment is profitable with a relatively small margin and based on a scenario analysis, it showed that the investment might easily become unprofitable with the change of the discount rate. Lastly, it can be discussed that the actual demand in Sulaymaniyah is lower than the one presented, since it is artificial and very dependent on peoples consuming behaviors which might be different if they were to have access to electricity all the time. Also, one of the biggest obstacles that might hinder solar PVs to be integrated to the energy system is the net-metering, regulations and tariff issues. The KRG clearly does not give incentives to its people to invest in renewable energy, which also might be the reason why there is a very small market in Sulaymaniyah.
AT THIS PAGE YOU CAN DOWNLOAD THE WHOLE ESSAY. (follow the link to the next page)


Hard water hampers weed control
To get the most from the herbicides you're spraying in your field, check your water quality first
crop sprayer in the field
A North Dakota State University extension specialist says the performance of some herbicides can be adversely affected by using hard water to prepare spray mixtures. According to Richard Zollinger, there are a variety of water quality issues that can impact herbicide efficacy, including the presence of clay, silt or organic matter in the water. But a key factor in "antagonizing" herbicides is hard water that includes high levels of mineral ion content.
"Water hardness is based on the amount of calcium and magnesium in the water," Zollinger explains. Hardness is expressed as the amount of calcium in the water added to the amount of magnesium present as calcium carbonate equivalent. "The presence of the other minerals would be additive to the hard water value," he says. "Hard water may contain mostly calcium, magnesium, iron, and potassium. Soft water contains sodium, similar to how a water softener works in homes."
Minerals such as calcium, magnesium potassium, iron and sodium contain cations, or positively charged ions, that bind with herbicides, reducing absorption, which results in less activity from the herbicide.
Zollinger delivered a presentation entitled, "Weed Control Issues: How Water Quality Can Affect Herbicide Efficacy" at Manitoba Ag Days, held at Brandon, Man. in January.
During the presentation, Zollinger showed evidence that much of the water in the Prairie provinces is very hard, showing an up to or greater than 250 milligram per litre (ppm) concentration of hardness as calcium carbonate.
Almost all "weak acid" herbicides are antagonized by minerals in hard water, he explained, including glyphosate (Group 9) and Liberty (Group 10), and other "weak acid" herbicides in various chemical groups. Calcium levels of 150 ppm and sodium levels of 300 ppm in spray water are enough to antagonize herbicides.
According to an article on water quality and weed control prepared by Saskatchewan's Ministry of Agriculture, hard water can also reduce the activity of 2,4-D Amine. If the water is hard enough, this herbicide's effectiveness is severely reduced.
Additionally, some Saskatchewan groundwater contains relatively high levels of bicarbonate ions. "Bicarbonate content can be a factor affecting the performance of some herbicides, particularly those in the "dim" group such as Achieve (tralkoxydim), Poast Ultra (sethoxydim) and Centurion/Select (clethodim) as well as 2,4-D Amine," explains the article.
Managing hard water
There are a few steps you can take to mitigate the impact of hard water on herbicide efficacy. One strategy is to apply the maximum rates of herbicides when hard water is an issue. Also, water volume can be reduced to the minimum required for adequate herbicide coverage. This is effective for glyphosate in particular, due to a higher concentration of glyphosate in spray droplets.
Zollinger recommends applying ammonium sulfate (AMS) fertilizer with glyphosate, as it prevents cations in hard water from binding to glyphosate and minimizing its effectiveness.
AMS application rates should vary based on water hardness. Most glyphosate labels recommend an application rate of 8.5 to 17 pounds per 100 gallons, but as little as four pounds per 100 gallons may be enough to overcome most salt antagonism. Zollinger's guideline for dry application rates is 8.5 pounds per 100 gallons, or 0.8 kilograms per acre. AMS can also be purchased in liquid form for easier application. One guideline for liquid AMS application rates is 1.6 litres per acre. "This will overcome salts in the water and enhance all weak acid herbicides," Zollinger says.
AMS is not perfect — application requires lots of product, as well as time to let it dissolve in the spray water. In addition, it slows speed of loading and spraying overall, and impurities, as well as low water volume, may plug nozzles. However, Zollinger is convinced that the benefits outweigh the negatives.
"AMS has been the cheapest and most effective method to overcome hard water antagonism of herbicides," he says. "There are liquid water conditioners on the market that contain low amounts of AMS and other substances, but they are more expensive than AMS and some of them are less effective."
Zollinger concluded his presentation with a warning: "Know your water quality."
Growers who suspect they may have water quality issues should send samples for testing. In Saskatchewan, growers can refer to the ALS Environmental Laboratory's testing services. In Manitoba, Central Testing Laboratory offers water testing packages.
About the author
Julienne Isaacs
Julienne Isaacs's recent articles
Stories from our other publications


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NASA Mars Mission Menu: Sushi, Vegan Pizza (Video)
A manned mission would require a lot of food, at least a year's worth. Some estimates have placed a one-way flight from anywhere between 400 to 450 days. And the astronauts will have to stay there for 18 months once they arrive to the Red Planet.
Among the menu items being tested is sushi and vegan pizza. Scientists are considering the possibility of having the astronauts do a little food prep of their own like chop vegetables, boil water and even cook, for example.
To sustain the astronauts' food supply, the scientists are also considering a "Martian greenhouse", which would consist of a hydroponic garden grown in a solution of water laced with minerals instead of soil.
Hey NASA, why don't you try growing food in space too? Russian cosmonauts have been doing it for decades, growing scallions and certain types of algae.
Forget Bobby Flay. If astronauts actually make it to Mars and grow and cook their own food, then we will know who the true Iron Chefs are.
Follow Short Order on Facebook and Twitter _USER_.


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Hiram Bingham III
|United States Senator
December 17, 1924 – March 4, 1933
|Preceded by||Frank Bosworth Brandegee|
|Succeeded by||Augustine Lonergan|
|69th Governor of Connecticut|
January 7 – January 8, 1925
|Lieutenant||John H. Trumbull|
|Preceded by||Charles A. Templeton|
|Succeeded by||John H. Trumbull|
|58th Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut|
|Governor||Charles A. Templeton|
|Preceded by||Charles A. Templeton|
|Succeeded by||John H. Trumbull|
November 19, 1875|
|Died||June 6, 1956
|Spouse(s)||1) Alfreda Mitchell (div.)
2) Suzanne Carroll Hill
|Children||Jonathan Brewster Bingham
Hiram Bingham IV
Charles Tiffany Bingham
Alfred Mitchell Bingham
|Alma mater||Yale University
University of California-Berkeley
|Service/branch||United States National Guard
United States Army Signal Corps Aviation Section
United States Army Air Service
Hiram Bingham, formally Hiram Bingham III, (November 19, 1875 – June 6, 1956) was an academic, explorer, treasure hunter and politician from the United States. He made public the existence of the Quechua citadel of Machu Picchu in 1911 with the guidance of local indigenous farmers. Later, Bingham served as a member of the United States Senate.
Bingham was born in Honolulu, Hawaii, to Hiram Bingham II (1831–1908), an early Protestant missionary to the Kingdom of Hawai'i, the grandson of Hiram Bingham I (1789–1869), another missionary. He attended O'ahu College, now known as Punahou School in Hawai'i from 1882 to 1892. He went to the United States in his teens in order to complete his education, entering Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts, from which he graduated in 1894. He obtained a B.A. degree from Yale University in 1898, a degree from the University of California, Berkeley in 1900, and a Ph. D. degree from Harvard University in 1905. While at Yale, Bingham was a member of Acacia Fraternity. He taught history and politics at Harvard and then served as preceptor under Woodrow Wilson at Princeton University. In 1907, Yale University appointed Bingham III as a lecturer in South American history.
Bingham was not a trained archaeologist. Yet, it was during Bingham's time as a lecturer – later professor – at Yale that he discovered the largely forgotten Inca city of Machu Picchu. In 1908, he had served as delegate to the First Pan American Scientific Congress at Santiago, Chile. On his way home via Peru, a local prefect convinced him to visit the pre-Columbian city of Choquequirao. Bingham published an account of this trip in Across South America; an account of a journey from Buenos Aires to Lima by way of Potosí, with notes on Brazil, Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Peru (1911).
Bingham was thrilled by the prospect of unexplored Inca cities, and in 1911 returned to the Andes with the Yale Peruvian Expedition of 1911. On July 24, 1911, Melchor Arteaga led Bingham to Machu Picchu, which had been largely forgotten by everybody except the small number of people living in the immediate valley (possibly including two local missionaries named Thomas Payne and Stuart McNairn whose descendants claim that they had already climbed to the ruins in 1906). Also the Cusco explorers Enrique Palma, Gabino Sanchez and Agustín Lizarraga are said to have arrived at the site in 1901.
Bingham returned to Peru in 1912 and 1915 with the support of Yale and the National Geographic Society.
Machu Picchu has become one of the major tourist attractions in South America, and Bingham is recognized as the man who brought the site to world attention, although many others helped to bring this site into the public eye. The switchback-filled road that carries tourist buses to the site from the Urubamba River is called the Hiram Bingham Highway.
Peru has long sought the return of the estimated 40,000 artifacts, including mummies, ceramics and bones, that Bingham had excavated and exported from the Machu Picchu site. On September 14, 2007, an agreement was made between Yale University and the Peruvian government for the return of the objects. On April 12, 2008, the Peruvian government stated that it had revised previous estimates of 4,000 pieces up to 40,000.
Prior discoverers of Machu Picchu
Soon after Bingham announced the existence of Machu Picchu others came forward claiming to have seen the city first, such as the British missionary Thomas Payne and a German engineer named J. M. von Hassel. Recent discoveries have put forth a new claimant, a German named Augusto Berns who bought land opposite the Machu Picchu mountain in the 1860s and then tried to raise money from investors to plunder nearby Incan ruins. An 1874 map shows the site of Machu Picchu.
Marriage and family
He married Alfreda Mitchell, granddaughter of Charles L. Tiffany, on November 20, 1899, and had seven sons: Woodbridge (1901–1986) (professor), Hiram Bingham IV (1903–1988) (diplomat and World War II hero), Alfred Mitchell Bingham (1905–1998) (lawyer and author), Charles Tiffany (1906–1993) (physician), Brewster (1908–1995) (minister), Mitchell (1910–1994) (artist), and Jonathan Brewster Bingham (1914–1986) (Democratic Congressman). After a divorce he married Suzanne Carroll Hill in June 1937.
In 1982 Temple University Press published Char Miller's doctoral dissertation on the Bingham family titled "Fathers and sons: The Bingham family and the American mission."
Bingham achieved the rank of captain of the Connecticut National Guard in 1916. In 1917, he became an aviator and organized the United States Schools of Military Aeronautics at eight universities to provide ground school training for aviation cadets. He served the Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps and the Air Service, attaining the rank of lieutenant colonel. In Issoudun, France, Bingham commanded the Third Aviation Instruction Center, the Air Service's largest primary instruction and pursuit training school. He became a supporter of the Air Service in their post-war quest for independence from the Army and supported that effort, in part, with the publication of his wartime experiences titled, An Explorer in the Air Service published in 1920 by Yale University Press.
In 1922, Bingham was elected Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut, an office he held until 1924. In November 1924, he was elected Governor. On December 16, 1924, Bingham was also elected as a Republican to serve in the United States Senate to fill a vacancy created by the suicide of Frank Bosworth Brandegee. Bingham defeated noted educator Hamilton Holt by a handy margin. Now both Governor-elect and Senator-elect, Bingham served as Governor for one day, the shortest term of any Connecticut Governor.
Bingham was re-elected to a full six-year term in the Senate in 1926.
Senator Bingham was Chairman of the Committee on Printing and then Chairman of the Committee on Territories and Insular Possessions. President Calvin Coolidge appointed Bingham to the President's Aircraft Board during his first term in the Senate; the press quickly dubbed the ex-explorer "The Flying Senator".
Bingham failed in his second reelection effort in the wake of the 1932 Democratic landslide following the Great Depression and left the Senate at the end of his second term in 1933.
During World War II, Bingham lectured at several United States Navy training schools. In 1951, Bingham was appointed Chairman of the Civil Service Commission Loyalty Review Board, an assignment he kept through 1953.
Censure In The Senate
The Senate Judiciary Subcommittee investigated an arrangement between Bingham, his clerk, and a lobbyist who agreed to pass information on to Bingham's office after executing a plan that was irregular, "even by the standards of his day." Bingham took his clerk off duty, and paid his salary to the lobbyist, thus allowing him to attend as a Senate staffer to closed meetings of the Finance Committee's deliberations on tariff legislation.
The initial ruling of the Judiciary Subcommittee was a condemnation of Bingham's scheme; but recommended no formal Senate action. Subsequently, Bingham decided to label the subcommittee's inquiry as a partisan witch hunt, provoking further Senate interest which eventually led to a resolution of censure that passed on November 4, 1929, by a vote of 54 to 22.
On June 6, 1956, Bingham died at his Washington, D.C. home. He was interred at Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia.
- "Yale Expedition to Peru". Bulletin of the Geographical Society of Philadelphia. vol. 10. 1912. pp. 134–136.
- The trail less trampled on in USA Today by Gene Sloan, September 23


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The solar corridor concept examines approaches to better use light in row crops. To achieve this goal, an understanding of the diel patterns of light transmittance to the soil surface in the interrow zone in row crops is necessary. The objective of this study was to investigate the temporal and spatial distribution of light transmittance to the soil surface at different row positions. Light data and leaf area of maize (Zea mays L.) were collected over a period of 2 yr to quantify the spatial distribution of light transmittance to the soil surface under different plant and canopy densities. Leaf area index (LAI) was varied by using two different plant densities and a range of N applications. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) was measured using quantum line sensors at three to seven row positions depending on row spacing (0.78 and 0.36 m). Light transmittance to the soil surface varied by position within the row and time of day. The variation was greatest for low N and low plant density spacing treatments. On cloudy days with more diffuse light the variation in light transmittance between the within and row positions was less. Light extinction coefficients decreased as solar elevation increased toward midday. The wide variation in light transmittance to the soil surface in the interrow zone points out the need to manage plant and management properties such as leaf area, plant density, and row spacing to take best advantage of light in the solar corridor.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Agronomy and Crop Science


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What is wraparound?
Wraparound is an approach with demonstrated effectiveness for children and youth with complex behavioral health challenges. It is a planning and support process where a team develops and implements an individualized plan of care. A team is chosen by the family and includes individuals who are relevant to the well-being of the child or youth, such as family members, service providers, teachers, a FAST Forward coordinator, and representatives from school, church, or community agencies, such as mental health providers.
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Skip Navigation LinksHome Page > Tests during the pregnancy > Nuchal Edema (Thickened Nape) and/or Cystic Hygroma
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Nuchal Edema (Thickened Nape) and/or Cystic Hygroma
What is this and what is its significance?
This is edema of the fetus's neck caused by an accumulation of fluid, usually lymph. Usually lymphatic fluid collects at this site and is absorbed into the bloodstream. However, a delay in the development of the system that drains the fluid into the blood can result in an accumulation of superfluous fluid known as edema - this usually resolves with the completion of the development of the lymph drainage system. In cases of very marked edema, it resolves only at a later stage, and may leave a surplus of skin in the fetus's nape. In extreme cases, this surplus skin can be seen at birth by a pediatrician (parents will not notice it because it is not a very prominent sign).
The edema is significant if it covers the back and sides of the neck with more than 3 mm thickness up to week 14 of gestation, and more than 4 - 5 mm later. A thickening of the nape without edema of more than 5 or 6 mm between the 14th and 16th week of gestation is considered to be abnormal.
In some cases this is a transient finding without clinical significance, but in most cases it indicates a significant risk for a fetal disorder. The more marked the edema (or the thicker the nape), the greater the risk for the fetus. The edema itself does not have clinical significance, but it constitutes an indication for an increased risk of fetal problems.
The common causes of nuchal edema are:
 1. A chromosome disorder in the fetus. Many studies have reported a significant correlation between nuchal edema and chromosome disorders, especially Turner syndrome and Down syndrome. Different reports quote risks of 18% if the edema is an isolated finding and 33% if there are additional defects.
 2. Heart defects. In a significant percentage of cases in which there is significant edema, heart defects are diagnosed in fetal echocardiography.
 3. The onset of diffuse fetal edema (hydrops).
 4. Intrauterine infection by a virus or other pathogen. Common viruses such as CMV may cause cervical edema as part of the general picture of infection in the fetus.
Once these conditions have been ruled out, the risk for the presence of other defects and syndromes depends on the severity (the excess over 3 mm) of the edema/thickening. Usually, even when there is a significant degree of edema (see cystic hygroma below), the additional risk is only 3% - 4% higher than the regular risk.
If the edema is of moderate or severe degree, there is an increased risk of other defects or syndromes that cannot all be detected in additional tests. These include very short stature and many other conditions. In the case of translucency/edema in excess of 6 mm, the risk that a syndrome or other defects may be detected later is especially high, even in the absence of a chromosome disorder.
What should be done if this is diagnosed?
Genetic counseling should be offered so that the parents can receive a thorough explanation of its significance and to discuss whether further monitoring and investigation, particularly amniocentesis, is necessary. Counseling is especially important in the presence of additional defects. In such cases it is also important to refer the family for multidisciplinary counseling after ruling out other problems such as chromosome disorders, additional defects and maternal infection. This is because there is still a risk that the fetus might have a genetic syndrome even if the results of all the tests are normal.
Echocardiography should be performed between the 22nd and the 24th week of gestation. This can detect severe defects at a relatively high level of confidence.
A 3rd level ultrasound scan, directed mainly at the heart and nape, should be performed between the 15th and the 16th week and again between the 22nd and the 24th week of gestation. This is in order to look for additional defects and diffuse fetal edema.
The mother's blood should be tested for antibodies against common pathogens that may infect and damage the fetus (TORCH organisms), and also for a virus associated with fetal edema called Parvo-virus. If antibodies are found and the level and type raise concern that there has been a maternal infection, tests should be carried out to identify the virus/bacterium in the amniotic fluid.
What is cystic hygroma?
In more severe cases there may be a significant pooling of fluid in the nape, forming a cyst of lymphatic fluid known as a cystic hygroma. There are two types of cysts with differing clinical significance with regard to severity. One is known as a septated cystic hygroma, and the other is a non-septated cystic hygroma. In the former, the cysts are more structured and prominent, and the risk for chromosome disorders is much higher than it is in the non-septated type. Various studies have reported the presence of chromosome disorders in 50% - 90% of affected fetuses. The wide range is because of unclear definitions of the type of cyst and a lack of separation between cases identified in the first and second trimesters of gestation. When a cyst is identified in the first trimester of pregnancy, the most common chromosome disorder is Turner syndrome (45, XO). In the second trimester such chromosome disorders as Down syndrome and trisomy 18 etc. are more common.
It is important to note that even in cases where the cyst is reabsorbed, a chromosome disorder in the fetus cannot be ruled out because in most cases where a fetus has Down syndrome there are small cysts in the neck, which spontaneously disappear between the 15th and the 16th week of gestation.
In addition to chromosome disorders it is important to look for all the above-mentioned conditions including fetal heart defects and the onset of diffuse edema in the fetus.
As already mentioned, there is an increased risk for fetal defects and genetic syndromes even if the results of all the tests, including amniocentesis, are normal. In typical cystic hygroma, the risk remaining after completing all the tests, even when all the results are normal, is 15% - 30% for syndromes involving developmental delay.
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- Gardner-Diamond syndrome
A syndrome of uncertain origin seen almost entirely in women, characterized by spontaneous, chronic recurring painful ecchymoses on the body. Clinical features are tingling, itching, pain and tenderness in the extremities, and painful nodules, which are red at first and later, haemorrhage. The patients bruise easily. Writers disagree as to whether this disturbance is an autoimmune disorder. According to some, it is caused by autosensitivity to a component of the erythrocyte membrane, others consider it to be of psychosomatic or factitious origin, as these patients frequently present particular psychological manifestations - hence the name of psychological purpura.
- F. H. Gardner, L. K. Diamond:
Autoerythrocyte sensitization: a form of purpura producing painful bruising following autosensitization to red blood cells in certain women.
Blood, New York, 1955, 10: 675-690.
- J. P. Scott, et al:
The autorerythrocyte sensitization syndrome as a primary manifestation of lupus erythematosus. The Journal of Pediatrics, St. Louis, 1981, 99: 598-600.


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Did you know that cattle don't get all their permanent teeth until they're 5 years old? The lower front teeth, known as incisors, come in over a period of years, 2 pair at a time, starting with the two center teeth. This means that you can tell the age of your animals by how many of the front incisors they have. You can also tell if an cow is nearing the end of her productive years and is ready to be marketed by looking at the condition of her incisors. This 4 minute video from Mississippi State University will show you how to open the cow's mouth safely to look inside, and then how to figure out how old your animal is based on what you see inside. Enjoy!
Tablet readers, here's your link.


H2020. Lithuania.
Capital of LithuaniaVilnius city, today is facing quite a few sustainable mobility problems that could be solved through EU projects and with the help of consortium's.
We are very interested in taking part in related projects and making most of it and doing something good for Vilnius city.
1. Traffic light priority for Public Transport at crossings;
2. Testing and application of different types of innovative bicycle paths pavements (for example non-freezing, light-reflecting, etc.);
3. Public education in regards to urban mobility, raising awareness of the issues related to the usage of private cars in the city, the importance of sustainable transport modes. Working with different kind of groups, for example schools, kindergartens etc.;
4. Smart and integrated e-ticketing system;
5. Multimodal travel, sharing economy (in relation to urban mobility);
6. Travel optimization and prediction;
7. Adapting current trolley-bus transformer stations for e-mobility;
8. ICT for people with disabilities;
9. Trip Planning - free / busy parking spaces display in real-time, statistics, the probability of finding a free parking space.
Project proposer: Gintare Krusinskaite (Lithuania)
Partner role: Project participant
Partner organisation: Public administration
Call for proposal title: N/A
Partnet sought:
Public administration
Gintare Krusinskaite
Publicado por europa en mayo 12, 2017


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DTL - Computer Definition
(Diode-Transistor Logic) A type of digital circuit design that followed resistor-transistor logic (RTL) and was superseded by transistor-transistor logic (TTL). DTL used resistors at the inputs, diodes for logic gates and bipolar transistors for amplification. In subsequent TTL, the diodes were replaced with transistors. See RTL and TTL.


Asked by: Haoyu Saurbier
business and finance green solutions
What is rid X made of?
Last Updated: 7th May, 2020
Each box and bottle of RID-X® contains the following ingredients scientifically proven to break down household waste: Cellulase breaks down toilet paper, vegetable matter and some foods. Lipase breaks down fats, oils and grease. Protease breaks down proteins.
Click to see full answer.
In this regard, is rid X safe?
The enzyme is totally safe for pipes and fixtures and actually breaks down the oils, solids and wastes inside the plumbing pipes, safely and inexpensively. Rid-X does NOT clear up existing clogs.
Similarly, what can I use instead of RID X? warm water, 2 cups packed brown sugar and 1 package of active dry yeast. Mix the solution together thoroughly, then flush down the toilet. Create a solution to use with each toilet in your house.
Similarly, you may ask, can you use rid X in regular toilet?
While Rid-X is designed for use in bathroom drains and toilets, it can also be used in other types of plumbing, according to the manufacturer. It is safe to use in garbage disposals, K-57, mound systems and outhouses.
Can you use rid X in city plumbing?
RID-X, is 100% natural bacteria and enzyeme. Its a very safe product, normally used in septic systems to product bacteria, where there is little or none. In a properly installed city sewer system, it is not needed or required.
Related Question Answers
Romulo Bocci
Is RIDX good for your septic?
Yes, the average recommended time between septic tank pumpings is 2–3 years, depending on the rate of sediment build-up, family size, and other factors. Used regularly, RID-X® helps break down the solid waste in your septic tank.
Olena Dillig
Can heavy rain cause septic problems?
Dahlia Bungardt
Is Ridex bad for septic tanks?
Using Septic Tank Additives
Myth: I just flush some Rid-X or yeast down the drain to keep it healthy. Fact: The human body uses many enzymes to break down our food into small particles. Those enzymes are plentiful in our sewage and septic systems, so additives are an unnecessary addition to a septic tank.
Christelle Yap
How do I clean my septic tank naturally?
Using baking soda is very easy. You can mix about a 1/4 cup of baking soda with 1/2 cup of vinegar and 2 tablespoons lemon to make your own natural cleaning agent. The baking soda will fizz up to help get the dirt and grime in your tub and drains. It's a great cleaner and your septic system will thank you!
Amritpal Grothen
Is yogurt good for septic tanks?
They use natural bacteria to make the contents rot. To my layperson's point of view, this is similar to a person who has taken antibiotics and needs to restore natural bacteria in the digestive system by eating yogurt. (No, yogurt isn't probably right for your septic tank.
Jordi Rickers
How do you keep sewer lines clean?
6 Tips for Keeping Your Sewer Lines Clean and Clear
 1. Take care of grease the right way. Never pour grease or cooking oil down the drain.
 2. Use enzymatic cleaners every month.
 3. Make sure your lines are not getting clogged with plant roots.
 4. Be careful with what you toss down your drains.
 5. Put new lines in.
 6. Once a year, you should have a rooter service done.
Waris Zavodnov
Will Drano unclog sewer line?
Drano uses caustic or oxidizing chemicals (like lye) to dissolve whatever is clogging a drain. The chemical reaction between the clog and Drano creates heat. Now, Drano does not clear a clog instantly. It's going to sit in the toilet (or farther down the pipes, depending where the clog is) until the clog dissolves.
Suzhu Morandeira
What is the best toilet paper for septic tanks?
 1. Quilted Northern Ultra Plush Supreme. The Quilted Northern Ultra Plush Paper offers you the best bathroom experience.
 2. Amazon Brand — Presto!
 3. Scott Rapid-Dissolving Toilet Paper.
 4. Angel Soft Toilet Paper.
 5. Cottonelle Ultra ComfortCare Toilet Paper.
 6. Quilted Northern Ultra Plush Toilet Paper.
 7. Firebelly Outfitters RV Toilet Paper.
Wissal Feitz
How do you clean drain sludge pipes?
Clean Out Your Drains Using Baking Soda
 1. Boil a kettle of hot water.
 2. Pour a half cup of baking soda down the drain – this breaks up fatty acids and attacks the grime.
 3. Once the water has boiled, you can pour it down the drain.
 4. Allow 10minutes for the baking soda and the hot water to do their magic.
Mihail Burdio
How do I keep my septic tank healthy?
How to Keep Your Septic System Healthy
 1. How the Septic System Works.
 2. Don't Overload the Septic Tank and Drain field.
 3. Use an Efficient Toilet.
 4. Don't Treat the Toilet as a Garbage Disposal.
 5. Don't Pour Grease Down the Drain.
 6. Divert Rain Water From the Septic Drain field.
 7. Keep Trees Away from the Septic System.
 8. Use Garbage Disposals Wisely.
Kenan Banus
What can I use to unclog my toilet?
If you don't have baking soda and vinegar on hand, try adding a few squirts of dish soap to the toilet bowl. The soap may help to loosen the clog. This method isn't likely to work for clogs caused by a hard obstruction, such as a toy.
Garth Diaz Pinto
What can I put in my septic tank to stop the smell?
How to Eliminate Septic Tank Odor
 - Pour 1 cup of baking soda down any toilet or drain once a week to maintain a good pH level in your septic tank of 6.8 to 7.6.
 - Don't use more water than you need.
 - Avoid flushing things down the toilet that microorganisms cannot digest, such as coffee grounds, plastic, cigarette butts, cat litter or facial tissues.
Yumei Foht
Is Epsom salt bad for septic tanks?
While Epsom salt doesn't cause damage to your septic tank, this doesn't necessarily mean you should go flushing it into your tank. Many individuals think flushing Epsom salt in their septic tanks will break down waste. While salts can unclog a toilet, the effect Epsom salt has on your septic system will be minimal.
Shuai Schleinkofer
Can vinegar and baking soda unclog a toilet?
Simply add one cup of baking soda to the clogged toilet. Wait a couple minutes. Next, slowly pour two cups of vinegar into the toilet. Baking soda and vinegar react to cause bubbles, so be sure to pour slowly and carefully so that the toilet water does not splash or overflow.
Tayeb Oehmchen
Does Ridex kill roots?
Rock Salt Can Kill Roots by Drying Them Out
Let the compound work its magic for 8 to 12 hours, avoiding flushing your toilet or running any water that will drain into your affected pipe.


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The Cellulo for rehabilitation project aims to provide practical, easy to use and intuitive gamified rehabilitation by using these tangible robots as game agents and objects. Our first game, Pacman for upper arm exercises, is designed iteratively with participation of stroke, brachial plexus and cerebral palsy patients (18 in total) and seven therapists in four different therapy centers.
A number of game elements are designed for tuning speed, accuracy, range of motion and challenge level; these are:
- Different maps with various mazes or sizes,
- One or two ghost(s) robot(s) chasing the Pacman
- Speed of the chasing robot(s)
- Optional rules:
- Turn rule where the user can only collect the fruits by rotating the robot on top of them,
- Cross border penalty rule where the user loses the last eaten fruit when he/she crashes into a wall,
- Haptic feedback rule to provide haptic informative assistance when the user crashes into a wall.


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What ducks endure
When you think of a duck, most likely the image in your mind would be
of one on water. Children are told that ducks live near bodies of water
because they spend a lot of time on it. According to zoologist Juliet
Gellatley, ducks spend 80% of their time on water since they play, swim
and feed on it. So important is water for ducks that they can go blind
if they are unable to rinse their eyes with it. God crated them to be on
In spite of our knowledge about what ducks need and how they behave,
most of the 18 million ducks raised for meat in the U.K. have no access
to water for bathing and 90% of them are intensively confined.
A report by the animal protection organization Viva! states that the
industry keeps 10,000 birds to a shed with a stock density of about
eight birds per square meter (10.8 square feet). According to producers,
who have no regard for the lives of these animals, say that such access
to water would spread disease. To us, Christians, to deprive an animal
of an essential God-give need – in this case water - is to disobey God.
Although the U.K.'s Department for Environment, Food and Rural
Affairs (DEFRA) and the Council of Europe recommend that ducks have
enough water to cover their heads and splash their backs, Viva! says
this rarely occurs and cannot be enforced. The duck industry is said to
be aware of the criticism and close to finalizing a code of practice.
To read the full article please visit
Your question and comments are welcome


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Nanoporous semiconductors are used in a range of applications from sensing and gas separation, to photovoltaics, rechargeable batteries, energetic materials and micro electro mechanical systems. In most cases porosity occurs in conjunction with the competing process of amorphisation, creating a complicated material that responds differently to strain and density changes, depending on the composition. Special cases such as the archetypes can be used to guide experimentation and provide a target for synthesis. However, the transition from crystalline to amorphous is not immediate and involves a variety of changes in the chemical bonding and lattice structure. While some work has been done using archetypal analysis to study the pure types of other types of disordered systems, the archetypes of nanoporous semiconductors have never been reported. In this project you will identify archetypal crystalline or non-crystalline (defective, porous or amorphous) semiconductor materials composed of silicon, carbon and silicon carbide. The data sets will be provided.
Use archetypal analysis to find the pure crystalline and non-crystalline (defective, porous or amorphous) semiconductor materials.
Python programming and an interest in machine leaning is essential. Familiarity with platforms such as scikit-learn, Pytorch, Tensorflow and Keras is desirable.
This is a 1 semester 6pc project.
machine learning, materials informatics, archetypes


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The only two species of birds mentioned in the Torah which can be offered as sacrifices are the turtledove and the pigeon. Turtledoves are migratory birds, but pigeons dwell permanently in the land. A turtledove must be mature to be fit for a sacrifice, but a pigeon is acceptable only before it reaches maturity. We therefore have the following rules.
What is acceptable in the case of turtledoves is unacceptable in the case of pigeons, and vice versa. The beginning of yellowing in both types is unacceptable. That is when a turtledove is not fully mature yet, and a pigeon begins to become mature. The reason for this is that the Torah calls pigeons "bnei yonah," "sons of pigeons"; conversely, we understand that turtledoves must be mature.
But logic should dictate otherwise: if turtledoves, which are not acceptable when young, are acceptable when mature, then pigeons, which are acceptable when young, should surely be acceptable when old! To dispel this, the Torah never called a pigeon a pigeon, but only a "son of a pigeon" to emphasize that only young ones are acceptable.
Art: James E. Bourhill - Pouter Pigeons


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Find out about the differences between IR and hot-air dryers and discover which features might be most useful to your operation.
Garment screen printers are used to two types of dryers on the production floor: infrared and hot air. Both dryers use a conveyor to transport garments through the curing chamber and use heat to set the inks on the garments (up to 330°F for plastisols). These are the only similarities between these two dryers. The dryers are otherwise very different in design, capacity, versatility, running cost, and level of investment. For starters, infrared dryers work with direct heat radiated from infrared panels to heat up the ink to a specific drying/curing temperature. Hot-air dryers use heated air blown over the garments to transfer the heat. Let's look into the factors that set these two dryer designs apart and discuss the advantages, versatility, and possible limitations of each.
The infrared dryer
The Infrared, or IR, dryer uses electrically heated infrared panels mounted above the conveyor belt in a heat-insulated cover. As the printed garment passes under the IR panels, the radiated heat is absorbed by the ink and heated up to curing temperature. The drying temperature is regulated by the electric power to the element and/or by adjusting the height of the IR panels above the conveyor. The conveyor speed is also adjustable to set the correct drying time. The IR dryer is, by its nature, compact and simple in its design with few moving parts and is consequently a relatively inexpensive investment.
Ink considerations Water-based inks typically do not work well in an IR dryer because the dryer lacks airflow needed to drive out the water from the ink for a proper cure. Some infrared dryers use special IR panels with a small air-circulation fan that creates a moderate airflow to assist in drying. The drying capacity is reduced because water-based inks have a 50-100% longer drying time. The water must be driven out of the garment first before the ink can be heated to the final curing temperature.
Variations in drying temperature Due to the direct heat radiation, the drying temperature can be difficult to control and, therefore, may vary depending of what type of garment is used and the thickness of the print. Always test various dryer settings for best results each time you use any new type of garment or ink for the first time. This will minimize the risk of scorching the garment or under/over curing the ink.
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