Appidemic: Underground Kingdom for iPad
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The thing I remember most fondly about Choose Your Own Adventure books, beside the wild and fantastic stories, was that you had a sense of making decisions, and that your decisions could lead to death. The books made no bones about it, you were dead, usually in a grisly manner, and it was your fault. After all, you made the choice. But, of course, if you kept your thumb parked on the decision page, you could quickly backtrack and tell yourself that wasn't really what you meant to do. This proud tradition continues with Underground Kingdom, an interactive fiction book for iPad that's based on an original Choose Your Own Adventure book, but is now separate of the series.
What is it?
Underground Kingdom is an interactive book. It's not a game, except that you make decisions, and there are no puzzles to solve other than making your way through the story itself. You—a genderless character who's face is never seen—are part of a scientific expedition to Greenland investigating a bottomless crevasse that may lead to a lost land inside a hollow Earth. And since the app is titled Underground Kingdom, chances are good that it will.
After falling into the crevasse, you'll have to find your way back home as you make your way through a fantastic land filled with gigantic, rainbow colored birds and simian kingdoms, and you'll either avert or take part in a war.
Underground Kingdom
Then there's the matter of the missing scientist, who fell into the crack more than a year ago. Can you make it home? Do you want to try?
How does it work?
After reading a page of story, you swipe to the next page, which might contain an illustration or a decision point. The illustrations have a few interactive elements—tapping on a character will make him speak a line, tapping on a hut will show you what's inside—but these don't affect the story at all. The decision points are two to three boxes, each of which make it clear what action you're trying to take.
Once you make a choice, the story continues in the same fashion until you reach one of 23 endings; some good, some bad. If you immediately regret your decision, you can swipe back (just like turning a page), or you can take advantage of the menu page, which shows a map of all the pages you've visited, all the choices you didn't take (indicated with a red dot) and all the endings you've encountered (indicated with a blue diamond). A handy counter also tells you how many of the endings you've unlocked.
And, of course, there is the ubiquitous social media feature, letting you send the results of your adventure to Twitter or Facebook, along with a brief description of how you ended up.
Is it addictive?
Underground Kingdom is a classic CYOA in every sense: pitched with a sense of childlike wonder at a fantasy world just ripe for exploration, but with dramatic stakes and consequences. Finding the "best" path is a matter of trial and error, with some choices leading to unexpected areas of the story. I was pleasantly surprised at how deep the story got; after coming to my first ending after a handful of choices, I was disappointed, then went back and discovered a much deeper branch on my second try that lead to an even wider branch to explore different parts of the hollow earth.
The book will evoke nostalgia for those adults who loved Choose Your Own Adventure, but is probably best pitched towards kids. The story is straightforward, the options are clear, and the illustrations are colorful and imaginative. And like I say, it keeps those wonderfully ghoulish endings where you're left to contemplate how your own greed, foolishness, or outright bad luck brought you to a horrible, horrible death.
Category: Interactive Fiction
Developer: Visual Baker
Cost: $2.99
Download: Underground Kingdom
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Indonesia Sea Ports
What is the meaning of Sea port code?
Every Sea port has a unique sea port code in its country and provide trade services. Through sea ports there can be two types of trade services that are processed, first is the export of goods and other is export services, If any of the above is conducted and some bill number is generated which is of 13 numbers, first 6 digits are sea port codes and remaining 7 digits are of bill number of that transaction.
What is the importance and functions of sea ports?
The main functions of seaports are:
1: To ensure safety for seagoing vessels coming in.
2: Operation in entering and leaving the seaport.
3: To manage facilities and equipment necessary for seagoing vessels to anchor.
4: Proper management of loading and unloading of cargo.
5: helpful in embark and disembark of passengers.
What are the benefits of Sea ports?
Sea Ports are also one of the factor to rise the economy and benefits to the economy of country as they are responsible for economic activity in coastal areas. The increase in throughput of goods and passengers on yearly basis induces more provisions, jobs and advanced infrastructure required to cope with trade industry and helpful in bringing profits to economy and helpful in trade relations with other countries and are boon to economy and trade.
UN LOCODE or Sea Port Codes are the United Nations Code for Trade and Transport Locations are the codes created by UNECE (United Nations Economic Commission for Europe). These codes are assigned for trade and transport to the seaports, airports and Railways. UNLOCODE consists of 5 characters and first 2 characters are for country code. Seaports are the major facility for trade through ships which load and discharge of passengers and cargo.
Indonesia Sea Port Details - IDIBL
Country Name (Country Code)
Country Name and Country Code
Indonesia (ID)
Region Name
State or Province or Territory of Sea Port
Region Code
State or Province or Territory Code of Sea Port
Sea Port Name
Name of Sea Port
Sea Port Code (LOCODE)
5 digit Code (LOCODE) for Sea Port
Sea Port Status
Status of Sea Port
(Recognised location - location name confirmed by nominated gazetteer)
IATA Linkage
IATA Code for Sea Port
Latitude/Longitude of Sea Port
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2: Easy and fast money transactions.
3: Secure Bank transactions into your foreign bank accounts
4: More than 50 Currencies supported.
5: Wide network of more than 100 Countries.
6: 10 million happy customers around the globe.
2: Business parties transfer funds to each other.
5: Online salaries are transferred to employees by companies.
6: Freelancers work money are transferred.
8: Transfer your funds to family business accounts.
9: Online charities to NGO's.
10: Investors to invest money in foreign currencies.


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How has the changing nature of society and communal values resulted in law reform?
As societies and social values evolve, law reform is implemented to ensure that the legal system is parallel to changing communal values. In the aspect of family law, law reforms have been initiated in a range of aspects such as parental responsibility, alternate family relationships, surrogacy, birth technologies and more.
Alternate family relationships:
Whilst previously the general idea of family was a married couple with children, changes in social and communal values have resulted in alternate family arrangements. To mirror this change, the legal system has implemented reform to recognise these alternate arrangements. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island Customary marriages:
Previously, ATS customary marriages were not recognised under the Australian legal system as they did not fulfil all of the requirements of the Marriages Act however over time the legal system has recognised that this has resulted in unfair treatment of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders in many instances such as taxation, superannuation, compensation, property and children. Thus, the government now recognises ATS marriages albeit to a limited extent. They are given the same rights as de facto relationships in aspects such as legitimacy of children, adoption, fostering and child welfare laws, distribution of property, intestacy, compensation, superannuation (covered by Social Security Act) and tax rebate. De Facto Couples:
Whilst earlier, society frowned upon couples living together in a bona fide relationship prior to marriage, this has become a common aspect of modern society with a large percentage of couples living together in a de facto relationship prior to marriage and some even opting to not get married. To accommodate for this evolution of communal ideals, reform was implemented through the Property (relationships) Act 1984, providing legal recognition for de facto relationships given...
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text:
How to find a missing number in a sequence
- Determine if the order of numbers is ascending (getting larger in value) or descending (becoming smaller
- Find the difference between numbers that are next to each other.
- Use the difference between numbers to find the missing number.
Example: Find the missing number: 21, 17,?, 9
- The order of numbers is going down or descending.
- The difference between numbers is 21 - 17 = 4
- Since the order is descending subtract 4 from 17. The missing number may be 13.
- The missing number is 13 since it is 4 more than the last number 9.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Home Discussion Forum What does E = MC2 mean?you know what Albert Einstein was talking...
What does E = MC2 mean?you know what Albert Einstein was talking about does it mean that time travel is?
 1. The equation you quote says that mass and energy are equivalent forms of the same thing. The equations he used in his theories said that time travel was impossible.
 2. Stephen Hawking has already addressed this question. Time travel is not possible…One of Einstein's great insights was to realize that matter and energy are really different forms of the same thing. Matter can be turned into energy, and energy into matter.
 3. E=ENERGY,
 4. This doesn't mean that time travel is possible.
 It is a particle theory which means mass can be converted into energy.
 We use this in nuclear fusion.
 Sun's energy is the basis of this.
 5. It represents that energy and matter are diffirent aspects of the same. They are interchangable!
 And According to the theory of the Einstein-Rosen (Nathan Rosen) Bridge, time travel could be possible via a wormhole created by opposing singularities.
 6. E is the energy needed by an object to move
 M is the weight of the object
 C is the velocity the object is moving at.
 I think the equation can be extended and tied into his black hole theories for time travel but I'm not sure…
 7. Energy=mass x speed of light squared (in a vacuum). So energy can be converted to mass (mass=energy/speed of light squared) and the other way around. Intuitively, time travel is impossible (you cannot have the effect before the cause), but there are many things that science has revealed which are anti-intuitive. It should be impossible, but….
 8. E (energy) = M (mass) multiplied by C squared (the speed of light squared).
 This formula theorises that there is a relationship between the speed of light, any object of mass and it's relative potential energy.
 It is unclear as to whether time travel is possible as nobody has actually proved it is possible to travel at a speed greater than the speed of light. However, Einstein did suggest that a relative speed quicker than light might be observed if two objects were travelling in opposite directions through the universe at speeds close to the speed of light – the total speed that these two objects would be travelling away from one another would be greater than the speed of light.
 If an object of mass could get up to the speed of light, Einstein (and several others after him) propsed that the object would have to be broken down into energy form, rather than solid/liquid state – hence the energy equivalent in his equation.
 Whether speeds above the speed of light would, in fact cause time travel, is quite another argument – one that Stephen Hawking has given much research to and concluded that time travel is unlikely to be achieved at all, and almost definitely not by exceding the speed of light. If it's good enough for him….
 9. E = mC*C
 E is the unstable energy. "m" is the stable (form of) energy. C is the speed of light or also its velocity in the sense thet light always travels in a straight line. According to the law of conservation of mass, energy can exist in any form. Here it is as stable and unstable. What we all see is the mass of energy. What we do not or cannot see is the unstable energy.What Einstein talks about is acompletely stable form of energy can be made unstable when it attains square of velocity of light. There is nothing to do herewith time because time has no dimension. You can show the length and mass of a body but which will you show when asked about time of a body. Time requires parameter. Any body has length and mass of its own because they are determined by the virtue of physical properties. One can say what the time now is but one cannot say what his or her time is. Time materially requires a device like a clock or watch. How can you travel along a dimensionless thing forward and backward?
 10. E stands for energy
 M stands for mass
 C stands for the speed of light
 its the formula to find the amount of energy produced depending on somethings mass
 no it doesnt mean that time travel is possible
 11. E = MC^2, tells me several things staight away.
 1. As everyone has already stated that matter and energy essentially are one and the same, different forms of the same thing.
 2. It further tells me to get a lot of energy I only need a little bit of matter, the energy contained in that matter is much greater than the mass of the matter itself.
 3. I cannot get more energy from a matter than is contained within that matter.
 From my memory, didn't Einstein prove to travel at or beyond the speed of light would require infinite energy. So based on this theory that is not possible because the universe contains a certain amount of matter so to get infinite energy we would require infinte matter.
 To travel through time, is to travel close to or at the speed of light, if i recall correctly, in normal space or the known visible universe. Therefore, it seems highly unlikely that scenario is possible for us.
 Leading us to think, worm holes, black holes, or other such gateways make this a possiblility after all.
 But then we may very well view things in a different perspective one day. Today we see energy and matter as one and the same, just different forms of the same thing. One day we may also see time and space as one and the same thing, just different forms, and be able to use this in a worthwhile manner.
 But I do believe time travel will always be kept out of the hands of the average person, even governments may decide not to develop the technology after all, the risk could be too great.
 12. E = mcÂ²
 Energy = mass x 186,000 x 186,000
 If you think of the result of this equation and how infinite it virtually is, it tells you that time travel is about impossible.
 Even the smallest mass has almost infinite energy.
 13. My understanding light is curved (Geodesics) i.e. time. The speed of light is the cosmic speed limit. + for time reversal it will happen some day.
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|Influence of magnetic fields
The magnetic circuit of an NEC Miniature Signal Relay is constructed so that the relay does not easily malfunction due to the influence of external magnetic fields. However, under the influence of magnetic flux leaking from a transformer, speaker, or magnet placed in the vicinity of the relay, the must operate voltage, must release voltage, operate time, release time and other dynamic characteristics may change.
In applications where a change in these characteristics poses problems, it is necessary to take measures such as magnetic shielding. The magnetic flux leaking from relays that are densely located may cause them to interfere with each other. Fig. 9 shows examples of the mounting, magnetization, and change in the must operate voltage of signal relays in the EA2 series. In applications where these characteristics changes pose a problem, it is necessary to reduce the mounting density.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I need to access the internal binary representation of a loaded XML DOM... There are some dump functions, but I not see something like "binary buffer" (there are only "XML buffers").
My last objective is to compare byte-by-byte, the same document, before and after some black-box procedure, directly with their binary (current and cached) representations, without convertion (to XML-text representation)... So, the question,
There are a binary representation (in-memory structures) in LibXML2, to compare dump with current representations?
I need only to check if current and dumped DOMs are equivalent.
It is not a problem of comparing two distinct DOM objects, but something more easy, because not change IDs, etc. not need canonical representation (!), only need access to internal representation, because is very faster than convert to text.
Between "before and after" there are a black-box procedure, ex. a XSLT Identity transform that affects (or not) some nodes or attributes.
Alternative solution...
 1.... To develop a C function for LibXML2 that compares node-by-node the two trees, and return false if they are different: during the tree traversal, if tree structure changes, or some nodeValue changes, the algorithm stops the comparison (returning false).
 2.... Not the ideal, but helps some other algorithms: if I can access (in LibXML2) the total number of nodes or the total length or size or md5 or sha1... Only to optimize frequent cases (for my application) where the comparison will returns false, avoiding the complete comparison-procedure.
Related questions
Warning for reader using answered solutions
The problem is about "to compare before with after a back-box operation", but there are two kinds of back-boxes here:
 - Well-known and controllable ones, like XSLT transforms or use of a known library. You must known that your black-boxes will not change attribute order or ID content or denormalize spaces (or etc.).
 - Full-free ones, like use of a external editor (ex. online-editor changing a XHTML), where user and software can do anything.
I will use a solution in a context of "well-known" black-box. So, my comments at "Details" section above, are valid.
In a context of "full-free" back-boxes, you can not to use a "comparison of binary dumps", because only a canonical representation (C14N) is valid to compare. To compare by C14N-criteria, only "Alternative solutions" (commented above) are possible. For alternative-1, you must, among other things, sort before compare a set of attribute-nodes. For alternative-2 (also discussed here), to generate the C14N dumps.
PS: of course, use of the C14N criteria is subjective, depends on application: if, p. ex., for your appication "change attribute order" is a valid/important change, the comparasion that detects it is valid (!).
share|improve this question
You do know that XML is a text format, so the binary representation would just be a sequence of characters in whatever encoding the XML is in. – Joachim Pileborg Jul 24 at 17:42
_USER_, yes, the nodes are "text nodes", but there are no (binary) tree representation? I think there are (!)... I not see there (some graphic documentation?) what the name of the C data-structure for this main tree, that is distinct from a "XML-text dump". – Peter Krauss Jul 24 at 17:44
Yes there is a binary representation, and if the XML is UTF-8 encoded the binary representation is a sequence of UTF-8 code points. What would the binary representation of e.g. some data be if not the binary representation of the characters making up the XML, in other words the characters themselves. – Joachim Pileborg Jul 24 at 17:50
Or do you mean the actual in-memory structures that libxml2 uses? – Joachim Pileborg Jul 24 at 17:51
You can't do a byte-by-byte comparison of the internal representation of two DOM documents to see if they're the same. Two DOM documents created from the exact same XML document will compare differently because of various bits of data used in the internal representation (like pointers) are specific to the particular DOM document instance. – Ross Ridge Jul 24 at 18:00
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13.3 Viewing a List of Software RAID Devices on a Server
Use the Software RAIDs task in the iManager Storage plug-in to create and manage your software RAID devices.
 1. In iManager, click Storage > Software RAIDs.
 2. Select a server in the Novell eDirectory tree where you are logged in.
 A list of software RAID devices appears in the Software RAIDs list. Depending on the number of devices, this can take a few seconds. Avoid clicking again in the page until it refreshes and displays the Software RAIDs list.
 3. Select a RAID device from the Software RAIDs list to view its details.
 For an overview of the subtasks available from this page, see Software RAIDs.


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Evolution of competing commensurate collinear (AF4) and incommensurate cycloidal (AF2) magnetic structures in Mn0.8Co0.2WO4 multiferroic was studied by neutron diffraction, magnetic, and pyroelectric characterization measurements. In contrast to pure and slightly Co doped MnWO4, the antiferromagnetic AF4 collinear phase [k1=(1/2,0,0)] inherent to the pure CoWO4 was observed below Néel temperature TN≈20 K in Mn0.8Co0.2WO4. This collinear order survives down to the lowest temperature reached in the experiments (2 K) even after the appearance of the second (cycloidal AF2) spin order below TFE≈8.5 K [k2=(−0.211,1/2,0.452)]. Ferroelectric polarization along b axis was revealed below TFE in the low temperature conical phase resulting from the superposition of the AF4 and AF2 spin structures. The arrangement of the spins after the two successive magnetic transitions are thoroughly described. In particular, we found that spins in the AF4 phase are aligned along the easy direction in the ac plane (∼142∘ with respect to the c* axis), while the cycloidal AF2 spin order is developed in the magnetically hard directions, perpendicular to the easy one, and consequently the TFE decreases compared to the pure MnWO4.


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The AutoComplete widget has a different purpose than the ComboBox/DropDownList, that is why it expose different keyboard navigation behavior.
The AutoComplete is more a suggestion box (just like the Google search bar). The widget shows suggestions in its popup and the user could loop through them without selecting anything (the items are just focused and not selected). That is why the user could reach the last one using DOWN arrow, un-focus it and focus the first one. This is the intended "loop" functionality.
The ComboBox/DropDownList, in contrast, directly select the next/prev item. They behave just like the native HTML Select element. Because the item is directly selected, we avoid looping the suggestion list, because this will result in unexpected selection. This could not happen in AutoComplete/MultiSelect because the user needs to hit ENTER explicitly.
The AutoComplete is designed to open its suggestion box only when there is initiated filter. It doesn't have toggle button by purpose. Again this is intended.
To sum up, the described AutoComplete behavior is intended and we cannot provide any workaround to change its implementation. If you would like more ComboBox/DropDownList components, then I would suggest you use them instead. For instance, you can hide the ComboBox toggle button, resulting in AutoComplete look and feel, but preserving the desired ComboBox behavior.
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Definition of Platform
A computing Platform is a type of hardware and/or software where application programs may run. Operating Systems are Platforms, as are different types of computing hardware. Special-purpose Platforms include Routers, Remote Access Servers and database servers.
A Platform is frequently associated with its own Credentials database.
A Platform (as it relates to Identity Management (IdM)) is a type of target system. There are many possible types of platforms, including:
- Network operating systems: Windows NT, Windows 2000, Novell NetWare, etc.
- Directories: LDAP, x.500, etc.
- Host operating systems: MVS/OS390/zOS, OS400, OpenVMS, Tandem, Unisys, etc.
- Groupware and e-mail systems: MS Exchange, Lotus Notes, Novell GroupWise, etc.
- Applications: SAP R/3, PeopleSoft, Oracle Applications, etc.
- Database servers: Oracle, Sybase, MSSQL, Informix, DB2/UDB, etc.


16 Feb 2021
IDC Reveals India Artificial Intelligence Predictions for 2021 and Beyond as Organizations Focus on Unleashing the True Value of the Data
New Delhi, February 16, 2021International Data Corporation (IDC) has published the IDC FutureScape: Worldwide Artificial Intelligence 2021 Predictions – India Implications for 2021. Organizations in India are embracing AI driven by improved internal efficiencies, competitive edge, and enhanced customer experience (CX). Driven by enterprise resiliency, leveraging tech has become existential in the journey to the new normal.
Organizations in India have stated digitally enhancing the products, services, & customer experiences as the number one priority for 2021-22. Organizations are looking at improving digital-first engagements and unleashing the true value of the data being generated by their ecosystem. AI becomes pivotal for these organizations to gain insights into business operations, products/ services, experiences, and/or ecosystems.
"The pandemic has been a catalyst for overall AI adoption in India. In the data-driven journey, organizations are focusing on intelligent systems for actionable business insights. Businesses are embracing technologies like conversational AI and machine learning, driven by their business objectives of innovation, resiliency, and offering transformative experiences," says Rishu Sharma, Principal Analyst, Cloud and AI, IDC India.
Some of the key AI predictions that would impact the technology buyers and suppliers in India in 2021 and beyond are:
#1 AI Explainability: By 2023, over 40% of consumer-focused AI decisioning systems in finance, healthcare, government, and other regulated sectors will include provisions to explain their analysis and decisions.
#4 AI Powered Development: By 2025, the number of data analysts and scientists to adopt AutoML for the end-to-end machine learning pipeline from data preparation to model deployment will double.
#5 AIOps Adoption: By 2025, AIOps will become the new normal for IT operations, with at least 40% of large enterprises adopting AIOps solutions for automating major IT system and service management processes.
#6 Neuro-Symbolic AI: By 2026, 20% of all AI solutions will be closer to AGI — leveraging neuro-symbolic techniques that combine deep learning with symbolic methods to create robust humanlike decision making.
#9 AI Enabled Edge Computing: By 2024, 50% of enterprises will run varying levels of analytic and AI models at the edge and 30% of those edge AI applications will be accelerated by heterogeneous accelerators.
"Indian organizations are looking for technology vendors and integration partners to bridge the talent gap and enhance decision making capabilities. AI is turning out to be helpful in directing decisions on everything from bank loans, risk assessment, automated customer service, crop advisory, healthcare, and others," says Swapnil Shende, Senior Market Analyst, IDC India.
These strategic predictions for the India market are presented in full in the following report: IDC FutureScape: Worldwide Artificial Intelligence 2021 Predictions – India Implications (# AP47202220).
-- Ends --
For more information about this report, please contact Rishu Sharma _EMAIL_ or Swapnil Shende _EMAIL_. For media queries, please contact Shivani Anand _EMAIL_. You can also follow IDC India's Twitter and LinkedIn pages for regular updates.
About IDC FutureScape
IDC FutureScape reports are used to shape IT strategy and planning for the enterprise by providing a basic framework for evaluating IT initiatives in terms of their value to business strategy now and in the foreseeable future. IDC's FutureScape are comprised of a set of decision imperatives designed to identify a range of pending issues that CIOs and senior technology professionals will confront within the typical threeto five-year business planning cycle.
About IDC
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Cognitive/artificial intelligence


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Applied Channel Theory in Chinese Medicine: Wang Ju-Yi's Lectures on Channel Theory
Wang Ju-Yi and Jason D. Robertson
Item #: M5121
Category: Books
Sales price $75.00
Description of Book
Applied Channel Theory in Chinese Medicine demonstrates how a deeper understanding of the interrelationship between organ and channel theory can lead to more precise diagnoses and better clinical results. This book is a collaboration between Wang Ju-Yi, one of modern China's most respected scholars, teachers, and practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine, and his American apprentice and practitioner, Jason Robertson.
While most textbooks focus either on the functions of the organs in basic physiology or on the uses of the channels in treatment, this book shows the essential relationships between the two. Theory and practice are connected through a detailed discussion of a channel palpation methodology developed by Dr. Wang, which leads to more precise and effective point selection, location, and technique.
Applied Channel Theory in Chinese Medicine was developed during Mr. Robertson's apprenticeship with Dr. Wang in Beijing, and is presented in a unique and highly readable format that preserves the intimacy of dialogue between apprentice and teacher, with questions and answers, narratives, and case studies. 718 pages
Note: All sales are final on books and supplies.
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Graph Galaxy - A Visual Editor for Graphviz
I am the developer of Graph Galaxy.
This is a show and tell. I'd like to share some thoughts and stories about it.
A few years ago, I started to use Graphviz to create some graphs. Sometimes I spent significant time to tweak the structure and style. Usually I could get a satisfied product, but the polish process is a little cumbersome to me. I couldn't find an easy-to-use visual editor at that time. So I started a project to build a visual editor for Graphviz.
This is the first git commit:
A great project did start!
commit: 168e63c34be600f20c2bed61260545e899638059
 date: Wed Jun 6 23:20:02 2018 +0800
The goals I planned for this project are:
 1. Provide a canvas in which people could sketch the graph structure by clicking and dragging the mouse.
 2. Provide an attribute panel in which people could polish the style intuitively.
Now the above goals are almost finished. Besides, some indispensable features:
 1. Outline. The outline panel shows the table of contents, which gives us a quick insight about how the graphs are structured.
 2. Import and Export. With this, we are able to use the following workflow:
 1. Open a source file (with.gv extension) to view the graph.
 2. Edit the graph in WYSIWYG style without looking at the DOT code.
 3. Save the graph, i.e. write the exported DOT back to the file.
 3. Table Editing. We can easily create a complex and irregular table with this feature.
 4. Hand-Drawn. The stroke can be transformed to hand-drawn. Which makes the graphs more funny. :star_struck:
This is my show and tell. Thanks everyone who contributed to Graphviz!


text:
This judgment provides us with some important lessons:
- A demotion cannot be upheld easily. The courts will test the demotion against the criteria from Stoof/Mammoet. Before an employer decides to proceed to a demotion, the employee should have been given the opportunity to go through an improvement plan.
- Océ had mentioned important points of criticism in its periodic appraisals. However, these points were not reflected in the overall conclusion and no action had been taken on these points. The judgment underlines the importance of appraisals, but not only as paper tigers. Both the employer and the employee should actively work on the points of improvement that are mentioned in an appraisal.
- Demotion is not impossible. It should, however, be very carefully prepared and carried out. The test used in this case by the Court of Appeal, is effectively the same test that would be used for a dismissal: was the employee performing poorly and had the employee been given the opportunity to improve?
André Beukes is an EU Management Consultant to international companies doing business in Europe. He provides clients with practical business support that makes a real difference doing business in the EU. "Put simply, I am here to help you meet your challenges. I believe in the importance of doing things correctly, meaning risks are reduced and problems are avoided."


Which Countries Border Qatar?
By Joseph Kiprop on November 28 2018 in World Facts
A map showing Qatar's position.
Qatar, more formally referred to as the State of Qatar, is a nation located on the western edge of the Asia. The country is relatively small in size, spanning an area of roughly 4,471 square miles, making it the 158th largest country in the world. Qatar is situated on the Qatar Peninsula, which is on the northeastern coast of the larger Arabian Peninsula. Politically, Qatar has been referred as a either a constitutional monarchy or an absolute monarchy. The country's land border is shared with Saudi Arabia to the south, while the remainder of Qatar is surrounded by the Persian Gulf. Additionally, an arm of the Persian Gulf also separates Qatar from Bahrain. Since Mohammed bin Thani signed a treaty with the British in 1868, the country has been ruled by the house of Thani. In 2017, Qatar had a population of 2.6 million people, 313,000 of which were citizens while the remaining 2.3 million were expatriates.
Development of Qatar's Borders
The long history of human habitation in Qatar has played a significant role in shaping its borders. One of the most influential population groups in Qatar's history were the Usfurids, who had control of the region for much of the 13th century. Qatar's strategic location and the presence of high-quality pearls made the area attractive, and the Portuguese eventually became the first European colonists to develop interest in the region. The territory fell under control of the Portuguese by 1521, but they were later expelled by the combined forces of the British and Dutch. Qatar would later become controlled by the British until it gained independence in 1971. Before the British granted the Qatari people their independence, the Qatari government proposed that several other Arab states join with it to create the Federation of Arab Emirates. Despite the efforts of several regional leaders, the federation was disbanded, and Qatar became an independent nation with distinct land borders.
Saudi Arabia-Qatar Border
Qatar's only land border is shared with Saudi Arabia, which approximately 54 miles long. One of the major towns located on the Qatari side of the border is Abu Samra, which had the distinction of being the only land border crossing between Qatar and Saudi Arabia until the Qatari government closed it in 2017. There are several towns located on the Saudi side of the border, the most prominent being Al Salwa and Harad. The Gulf of Salwah also separates Saudi Arabia and Qatar.
Historical Border Dispute Between Qatar and Saudi Arabia
During the 19th century, Qatar and what would eventually become the modern-day nations of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates had a dispute over the Khawr al Udayd region. The conflict stemmed from the fact that Khawr al Udayd was a haven for pirates. One of the most well-known pirates to settle in the region was Jasim bin Jabir, who later settled in the region. The British, whose ships were the primary target of pirates, sent troops to order the Qatari leaders to stop supporting the pirates. Attempts by the British and Abu Dhabi troops to invade the region to curb the piracy resulted in a war against the Qatari troops. Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates were also engaged in a dispute over the Khawr al Udayd region during the 20th century. The dispute was caused by the fact that both the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia wanted the area to serve as part of its border with Qatar. In 1974, it was determined that Khawr al Udayd would border Saudi Arabia, but the issue reemerged again in 2005.
Salwa Canal
In 2017, the Saudi Arabian government proposed the construction of the Salwa Canal, a 43-mile long waterway that would convert Qatar into an island nation. The Saudi Arabian government attempted to justify the project by claiming it would increase tourism and trade in the area. Reports in Saudi Arabian media indicated that the government hoped the project could be completed in one year. However, another report suggested construction of the canal would be detrimental to the Qatari economy.
Political Cooperation Between Saudi Arabia and Qatar
The political relationship between Saudi Arabia and Qatar was generally positive up until the past few decades, and during much of the 20th century the government of Qatar followed Saudi Arabia's lead on many issues related to foreign policy and diplomacy. The cooperation between the two nations resulted in the creation of the Gulf Cooperation Council. Qatar's ties to Saudi Arabia are believed to have influenced the country's decision to become involved in certain initiatives, such as joining Saudi Arabia's 2011 intervention in Bahrain, as well as Saudi Arabia's 2015 intervention in Yemen.
Saudi Arabia's Role in Internal Qatari Politics
Due to the historically close ties between Saudi Arabia and Qatar, several Qatari dissidents fled to Saudi Arabia during the 20th century. During this period, it was also common for the Qatari government to exile its most prominent and influential critics to Saudi Arabia. The Saudi Arabian government would then negotiate a deal between the critics and the Qatari government.
Breakdown in the Relationship Between Saudi Arabia and Qatar
Many experts believe that a breakdown in the relationship between the two nations can be traced to 1995, when Emir Hamad bin Khalifa al-Thani took control of Qatar. Emir Hamad believed that it would be in Qatar's best interests to distance itself from the control of Saudi Arabia. Emir Hamad took certain actions that angered Saudi Arabia, such as establishing the Al Jazeera broadcasting network and establishing formal ties with Israel and Iran.
Qatar Diplomatic Crisis
The political tensions between Qatar and Saudi Arabia culminated in the 2017 diplomatic crisis. Saudi Arabia, along with several of its allies such as Senegal, the United Arab Emirates, and Mauritania, placed Qatar under an embargo. Some of the reasons cited by Saudi Arabia and its allies included the establishment of ties between Qatar and Iran, as well as what they believed to be Qatar's support for terrorist activities.
Border Security in Qatar
The government of Qatar has invested heavily in safeguarding its borders, in part due to the tension with the Saudi Arabian government. The border security system used by the Qatari government was provided by Airbus Defence and Space.
More in World Facts


text:
Date of this Version
A survey in the Little Blue Basin documented the presence of 22 extant or extirpated unionid mollusk species. Bivalve habitat is severely impaired by surface and subsurface water withdrawals, erosion, siltation, and grazing. Chemical contaminants and other pollutants washed into area streams from agricultural fields probably exert a further deleterious impact upon the fauna of the region. Half of the species recovered were represented only by chalky or badly weathered shells, suggesting their possible elimination from the basin. The generally poor condition of shells of many of the remaining species suggests they are also in severe decline in the region.


text:
Decoding the Irrational Consumer was written to help marketing practitioners demystify neuromarketing, a relatively new field of marketing research used to understand consumer response to marketing stimuli. This book presents in plain terms the key theoretical tools required to implement neuromarketing studies and achieve desired research outcomes. Marketers and researchers will learn how to effectively and confidently brief data processors, and confer with neuroscientists and technicians. They will gain keen understanding of recent developments in behavioural science and data-processing technology, as well as sophisticated neuromarketing tools used to understand subconscious responses including behavioural economics, eye-tracking, implicit response measures, and facial coding. The author discusses when to apply these techniques and others, how to combine them effectively and how to correctly interpret resulting data to generate valuable insights that aid in decision making. About the series: The Marketing Science series makes difficult topics accessible to marketing students and practitioners by grounding them in business reality. Each book is written by an expert in the field and includes case studies and illustrations enabling marketers to gain confidence in applying the tools and techniques and in commissioning external research.
Decoding the Irrational Consumer
How to Commission, Run and Generate Insights from Neuromarketing Research
Management & Computers


Position (List Styles - Legacy)
To access this command...
Choose Format - Bullets and Numbering - Position tab.
LibreOffice Writer uses the position controls shown here when opening documents that use a different method for positioning and spacing. For default controls see Position (List Styles).
Position and Spacing
Enter the amount of space to leave between the left page margin (or the left edge of the text object) and the left edge of the numbering area. If the current paragraph style uses an indent, the amount you enter here is added to the indent.
Indents the current level relative to the previous level in the list hierarchy.
Width of numbering
Enter the width of the numbering area. The numbering symbol can be left, center or right in this area.
क्रमांकन पंक्तिबद्धता
Aligns the numbering symbol left, center, or right in the numbering area. The position might be adjusted to maintain the minimum space.
Resets the indent and the spacing values to the default values.
Displays a preview of the current selection.
Saves or loads a chapter numbering format. A saved chapter numbering format is available to all text documents.
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The Load/Save button is only available for chapter numbering. For numbered or bulleted list styles, modify the numbering styles of the paragraphs.
लागू करें
Applies the modified or selected values without closing the dialog.
This control appears only when modifying a List style.
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Message Text: Microsoft has released a preview of the new Photosynth, the next phase of the company's experience that analyzes digital photographs to generate three-dimensional views of real world spaces.
With Photosynth, you can capture the places you love in amazing resolution and full 3D.
Powered by Microsoft's third generation 3D technology, hotosynth is recommend for anyone with a D-SLR or a point-and-shoot camera. Once a synth is created you can easily share on Facebook, Twitter or via embed with a few clicks.
The new Photosynth technology supports four basic experiences: spin, panorama, walk, and wall.
You can spin around an object as small as a cup and saucer or as large as glacial peak. Wiht Panorama, you can just yourself in the center off a space and look in every direction. Walk allows you to follow a path through the woods, your house or fly toward any direction. And with wall, you can slide across a scene, checking out every last detail.
Here is how Photosynth works:
When you upload a set of photos to Microsoft's cloud service, the technology starts by looking for points (called "features") in successive photos that appear to be the same object.
If it finds many features that reoccur in your set of photos, it passes this information on to the second step: bundle adjustment. Bundle adjustment, a standard technique in photogrammetry, determines where in 3D space each feature is, exactly where each photo was taken from, and how the camera was oriented for each photo.
Third, the technology uses the feature points in each photo to generate 3D shapes. It does so on a per-photo basis rather than trying to generate a global 3D model for the scene. The 3D model generated by Photosynth is coarse - you can see it if you type "c" (for camera) in the viewer and then use your mouse wheel to zoom out.
Next, the technology calculates a smooth path (think of it as a steadicam) through the locations of the camera for each photo. With this path, Photosynth presents the experience of moving through a synth as a gliding motion even if the actual photos were shot at different heights or slightly off-angle. You can see this path if you type "m" (for map) in the viewer. Finally, Photosynth slices and dices the images into multi-resolution pyramids for efficient access.
Head to _URL_ to check it out and sign up to start creating your own photos.
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text:
Boa Spot colour vision sensor enhances automated inspection
18 Jan 2018
Boa Spot Colour models are available with a 640 x 480 pixel resolution CMOS sensor. They are supplied with a choice of 6, 8, 12 or 16 mm M12 lenses with an integrated white LED ring light, or with a C mount lens adapter to allow a choice of lens and external lighting. All models feature embedded vision inspection tools.
The use of colour imaging can offer key benefits for the inspection process. Colour inspection is crucial where:
- The colour of the object facilitates detection of the object
- Objects of identical size and shape can only be differentiated by colour
- The colour quality and consistency of the object is an important factor in the overall quality of the product
- The colour of the object can help determine the relative quality of the product
The Boa Spot family of vision systems combine the power and flexibility of a BOA vision system with integrated optics, light and easy-to-use setup software and a low cost of ownership. This allows the distribution of vision processing across the production line. More points of inspection lead to better failure analysis and faster, easier corrective actions, which in turn improves quality, reduces scrap, and increases throughput.
The low starting price point is below the capital expense threshold for many companies, while the integrated light and lens configuration saves additional costs. The easy-to–use application interface means that little training investment is required and the built-in standard factory communication protocols brings low-cost factory integration.
Boa Spot vision sensors are supplied with a set of robust embedded vision tools for part locating, counting and measuring and feature or defect detection. The Boa Spot Colour SL model offers a basic set of inspection tools, while the Boa Spot Colour EL model offers additional tools and advanced capabilities for more complex tasks.
Any of these vision tools can be combined and used multiple times to solve simple or complex inspection tasks, meaning that the vision sensor can be adapted for a wide range of industrial applications. Both models allow up to 32 of these measurement sequences to be stored, so that they can accommodate different product types on the same line.
Factory integration is made particularly simple:
- Throughand surface-mounting options and a slim form factor (61mm x 58mm x 57mm) allows BOA Spot to fit into tight spaces.
- Robust build quality with IP67 rating allows use in harsh industrial/wash down conditions
- Standard factory communication protocols, such as Ethernet/IP and PROFINET are directly supported
- Inspected images can be transferred to a networked drive via FTP
In addition, remote setup, display and monitoring can be set up using the software user interface, which is quick to learn and suitable for novice and expert users alike.


text:
Description of impactProf LAU Chi-pang is one of a few scholars who can claim to be true experts on the history of Hong Kong and South China. His passion for the city has led him to devote more than 20 years to research, teaching, and collecting as many "Hong Kong stories" as possible. He has published more than 30 scholarly publications in academic journals and books and all have been widely cited.
"An appreciation of history is all important; without it, a city or region can start to appear totally 'lost' and 'forgotten' almost overnight," Prof LAU believes. "It lets you understand the unique position of your own city in the world and how and why it is different from every other city and country." Prof LAU's research covers "everything" and seeks to capture all walks of life, including oral history, personal memoirs and official studies of the colonial era up to interviews with doctors who fought through the Sars crisis, which affected hundreds of people in 2003.
How will the History Learning Programme impact the younger generation?
The Jockey Club Hong Kong History Learning Programme, and the Knowledge Transfer project commissioned by the Hong Kong Museum of History, are recent highlights among Prof LAU's other work and engagements.
The former aims to develop a comprehensive set of teaching and learning resources by delving into the breadth of Hong Kong history. It can then support the main learning areas of "personal, social and humanities education" in the curriculum of primary and secondary schools with the help of five key components. These range from the development of teaching kits on Hong Kong history to thematic seminars, study tours, oral history workshops and mobile exhibitions.
"There will be over 75 topics covering aspects of geography, politics, the economy, society, culture, biography, buildings, and other thematic records," Prof LAU says.
He hopes the programme will cultivate a more in-depth understanding - among students and teachers - of Hong Kong's development and changes. It should also inspire the younger generation to think of ways to preserve the city's precious collective history and give them a sense of why understanding the past matters so much.
What is the significance of the Knowledge Transfer project?
"For the Knowledge Transfer programme, we have been interviewing professionals and people who have served society during their careers," Prof LAU says.
Earlier this year, for example, he interviewed over 20 local toy manufacturers who made their names in overseas markets over the past few decades. The findings were the basis for "The Legend of Hong Kong Toys" exhibition. "These legendary manufacturers had a lot of interesting stories to share," Prof LAU says. "Most of them started from scratch and successfully developed all sorts of technical know-how over the years."
The two projects will help to further Lingnan's mission of developing a research network among historians and institutions for the study of Hong Kong and South China as well as establish Lingnan University as a hub of Hong Kong and South China historical research.
|Category of impact||Societal|
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text:
Definition of elbowing
p. pr. & vb. n. - of Elbow
The word "elbowing" uses 8 letters: B E G I L N O W.
Direct anagrams of elbowing:
Words formed by adding one letter before or after elbowing (in bold), or to begilnow in any order:
h - behowling l - bellowing bowelling
Words within elbowing
not shown as it has more than seven letters.
List all words starting with elbowing, words containing elbowing or words ending with elbowing
All words formed from elbowing by changing one letter
Other words with the same letter pairs: el lb bo ow wi in ng
Browse words starting with elbowing by next letter
Previous word in list: elbowed
Next word in list: elbowroom
Some random words: dhak


Photo: Courtesy of Siemens
Siemens, Total to work on "green" LNG production
A unit of German engineering giant Siemens has entered into a deal with French energy group Total to advance new concepts for "green" liquefied natural gas production.
Siemens engine
For illustration purposes only (Image: Siemens)
The studies are targeting key areas, such as reducing the environmental footprint of liquefaction facilities and the associated greenhouse gas emissions, according to a Siemens statement.
Targeted areas also include plant reliability, maintainability, regulatory compliance, and development costs.
The duo will explore different concepts such as the use of gas turbineand electric-driven compression trains in conjunction with single-mixed refrigerant and double-mixed refrigerant technologies.
Additonally, the partners will look into developing techniques to improve the efficiency of onsite power generation facilities such as heat recovery systems, inlet air chilling, supplementary firing, renewables integration, and battery storage.
The studies will also be exploring how to leverage digitalization and automation platforms to optimize plant design and achieve seamless project execution, the statement said.
Related news
List of related news articles


This tip is deprecated for the following reasons:
Much of this information is still probably useful, however Vim 7.3 has built in support for Blowfish encryption so this tip is probably not needed by most people.
Tip 1251 Printable Monobook Previous Next
created 2006 · complexity intermediate · author fomit · version 6.0
Install base64 (_URL_ and aespipe (_URL_
Create a second config file named ~/.cvimrc containing:
set secure
set viminfo=
set noswapfile
set nobackup
set nowritebackup
set history=0
set noshelltemp
function Scramble()
 %!base64 -e | aespipe -e aes256 -T | base64 -e
function Unscramble()
 %!base64 -d | aespipe -e aes256 -d | base64 -d
map :call Scramble()
map :call Unscramble()
Create a shell script named cvim (copy it to /usr/bin) containing:
vim -S $HOME/.cvimrc "$@"
Make the new script executable (do this as root, or use ~/bin/ instead of /usr/bin):
$ chmod 750 /usr/bin/cvim
Now you can edit a file with:
$ cvim new_textfile
Type in whatever you like. Press F7 key and type password twice. Then the contents of the file will be encrypted.
To decrypt, press F8 and type password again.
Never save the file while you can see the plain text. Before saving (:w) you should encrypt it first, otherwise there will be traces of the plaintext file on your hard disk.
Also check out the openssl plugin. All you need is Vim and openssl on your system and you can be editing encrypted files right now! Files can be encrypted with most ciphers supported by openssl: aes, blowfish, des3, etc. The cool part is that the plugin transparently handles decryption when you open a file and encrypting it again before you write it. Just do your typical ":wq" and it will ask you for an encryption password before it writes.... It also has a password safe feature. Now you don't need to install a separate password safe and your password file is encrypted with standard OpenSSL supported ciphers that can later be decrypted with just 'openssl' alone -- the original openssl.vim VimScript is not required for decryption. --Noahspurrier 01:30, 26 November 2008 (UTC)
aespipe can be found at _URL_
For less secure encryption, see Vim's built-in encryption feature :help encryption.
How about gpg:
$ seq 1 3 > file
$ gpg --cipher-algo aes256 --symmetric file
$ gpg --cipher-algo aes256 --decrypt < file.gpg
gpg: AES256 encrypted data
gpg: encrypted with 1 passphrase
How about VimTip1032.
I still prefer script#661.
Use the following (-a does to and from base64 conversion).
openssl aes-256-cbc [-d] -a -in file.txt -out file.aes
I edited the commands to "set noshelltemp" because otherwise Vim uses a temporary file to copy the text to the standard input of aespipe.
I also edited some of the text above to properly use a 'pre' block, and got rid of some superfluous stuff and incorrect comments.
Also note that I prefer:
function Scramble()
 %!gpg -q --cipher-algo aes256 --symmetric --armor 2>/dev/null
function Unscramble()
 %!gpg -q --cipher-algo aes256 --decrypt --armor 2>/dev/null
which works just fine, and uses a single command (which is almost certainly installed already).
Also, use of an alias for cvim might be more suitable than use of a shell script, since the arguments all come at the end of the line anyways. This won't require installing a script as root either; it's probably better for a user that wants to do this to just add the alias to their.bashrc/.bash_profile.


text:
group ski lessons
12 pupils maximum
Children skiing lessons for beginner and advanced levels
Our ESF instructors are pleased to teach their skiing technique to your children all week long. In a fun and convivial atmosphere, your children will be able to improve at their own pace.
These group lessons allow your children to learn how to ski or to perfect their technique. The group is composed of 12 children maximum so that your children can improve in a friendly atmosphere.
- Group lessons 2 hours
- Group lessons 3 hours FUTURE CHAMPION: Bronze Star,Gold Star


What is the Employee Retention Credit? Everything you need to know
Employee Retention Credit is designed to help small businesses who have been severely affected by the coronavirus pandemic to keep employees on their payroll.
What is the Employee Retention Credit? Everything you need to know
Employee Retention Credit (ERC) was passed as part of the CARES Act back at the start of April. It is one of two new employer tax credits (the other being Credit for Sick and Family Leave). The ERC's purpose is to help businesses who have been hit economically by the coronavirus pandemic to keep employees on their payroll. ERC is a refundable tax credit against certain payroll taxes equal to 50 percent of the wages up to $10,000 which an employer pays to employees after 12 March 2020, and before 1 January 2021.
Employers whose businesses have been partially or fully suspended due to governmental orders due to Covid-19 crisis, or businesses that have a significant decline in gross receipts compared to 2019 will be eligible for Employee Retention Credit.
For each employee, wages (including Medicare expenses) up to a maximum of $10,000 can be counted to determine the amount of the 50% credit. That means the maximum credit for an employer can receive for each employee is $5,000.
Because ERC applies to wages which were already paid after 12 March, many employers can get access to it by reducing upcoming tax deposits or by requesting an advance credit by submitting Form 7200, Advance of Employer Credits Due To Covid-19 by fax, email or on paper to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). Advanced payments will be issued by paper check to employers.
Businesses can apply for ERC if their gross income for the first calendar quarter of 2020 (total sales or the total amount received for services) has been 50% less than the gross receipts they filed during the same quarter in 2019. Employers should keep records for the relevant calendar quarters in 2019 and 2020 to document the significant decline in gross receipts. The records should be available for IRS review for at least four years.
Some companies however, will not be eligible for ERC – for example, if an employer receives a Small Business Interruption Loan under the Paycheck Protection Program. Similarly, employees are not counted for this credit if the employer is allowed a Work Opportunity Tax Credit (WOTC) under section 51 of the Internal Revenue Code for the employee.
How to claim ERC credit
In order to claim Employee Retention Credit, employers must report their total wages bill plus related health insurance or Medicare costs for each quarter on their quarterly employment federal tax returns, (this done by submitting Form 941 in the case of most employers), beginning with the second quarter. The credit is taken against the employer's share of social security tax but the excess is refundable under normal procedures.
If an employer chooses not to claim for ERC in one calendar quarter, they will still be able to claim in the following calendar quarter - as long as they meet requirements specified above.
See also:
When will the Senate vote on the HEROES Act?
Stimulus check: what factors affect second bill approval?


text: In 2008, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) collaborated with Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress to conduct an organizational assessment of its disaster preparedness, deployment operations, policy and practices in an effort to identify factors to sustain resilience in CDC emergency responders. The following year, the Center developed and implemented a comprehensive two-day first-responder resiliency officer training program. This program (Deployment Safety and Resiliency Training or DSRT) incorporates the principles of Psychological First Aid to strengthen the outreach and resilience of its Deployment Safety and Resiliency team officers who travel worldwide to address public health threats and major disasters. The Center conducted its fourth training at CDC. As further training sessions are conducted, ongoing evaluation of effectiveness and outcome reports will be generated.


Image is a graphic about selecting a biogas upgrader technology for biomethane upgrading
Biogas Upgraders – The Best 3 Biogas to Biomethane Technologies
Biogas upgraders are facilities that are used to concentrate the methane in biogas to natural gas standards. The upgrading systems remove carbon dioxide (CO₂), hydrogen sulphide (sulfide), water and other trace concentration contaminants from the biogas. Upgraded biogas is called "biomethane."
Image is a graphic about selecting a biogas upgrader technology for biomethane upgradingWhat are the three top performing biogas upgrading technologies?
There are in fact 8 or more possible technologies for upgrading to biomethane. However, the three main upgrader technologies used for this purpose are:
 1. Water Wash technology (Water Scrubbing)
 2. PSA technology, (Pressure Swing Adsorption), and
 3. Membrane technology.
There are another two methods that are, by market-share slightly less used and those are:
- chemical scrubbing and
- cryogenics.
A shorter version of the text of this page is provided in our training video below. We suggest that you watch it and return to this page afterwards for answers to any questions you have.
How do Biogas Upgraders work?
All the biogas upgrader technologies work quite differently but the primary function is to separate the carbon dioxide from the methane molecules.
1. Water Scrubbing
Water scrubbing does it by absorbing the carbon dioxide into the water.
2. Pressure Swing Adsorption
PSA does it by selectively separating the molecules into a carbon structure.
3. Membrane Technology
And finally, membrane technology which does it by using a plastic or a polymer substance to be able to preferentially separate the two molecules, methane from carbon dioxide.
How do you decide which Biogas Upgrading Technology is most suitable for a specific RNG project?
That depends. It depends on what your feedstock is. It also depends on what the gas network's pipeline natural gas quality specification is.
Sometimes it goes direct to a CNG station, for use in vehicles directly, and that requires a different standard.
The outlet requirement for the resulting biomethane or RNG that's produced, is what will tend to govern the choice.
Outlet Requirements
The biomethane quality may have to meet a certain specification in terms of say, a small amount of oxygen remaining, or perhaps a higher caloric value. Such things dictate one technology over the other.
Similarly, a landfill biogas upgrader has a different requirement to an anaerobic digestion plant biogas. Landfill gas typically has high nitrogen and oxygen in the raw biogas, when compared with an anaerobic digestion plant biogas.
Those two factors would give you a different choice of upgrading technologies as well.
Different Needs of Landfill Gas Sourced Biogas and AD Plant Biogas
For example, with landfill gas, which has high oxygen and nitrogen, you might want to specifically use a PSA technology. PSA targets oxygen and nitrogen in the raw biogas to remove those.
But for something like a digester gas you might want to use water wash.
That would be a good example for that because you have good quality raw biogas going right into the pipeline or the CNG station.
What are the requirements for gas to be injected into the utility pipeline and how do you meet them?
Again, it depends on what the jurisdiction is.
In California, they apply one of the most stringent pipeline specifications almost anywhere. They require a very low oxygen concentration and have very high caloric value requirements.
Greenlane provided the first installation that injected into the SoCal pipeline grid which complies with their Rule 30. That was done with a combination of technologies.
It was achieved using Greenlane's water wash technology in combination with pressure swing adsorption as a polisher, to reach the specified low oxygen and the high caloric content.
What partnerships need to be established to develop an energy project?
That's a good question. There are usually several specialist partners needed in these kinds of projects.
If it's a digester project you'd have a digester technology provider. Coupled into that it's normal to have a digestate off-take agreement of some kind (like Greenlane), the provider must manage the liquids, and the solids.
Greenlane deal with the gaseous part of that, the gas.
They upgrade it and put it into the pipeline.
To put a package of this sort together you need he upgrader and an off-taker (gas grid network company). You also need a financing partner and the project owner will appoint and manage the parties involved.
The project owner (developer) normally devises and manages the whole project from the start.
There are lot of different companies involved and the key to success to the projects is to pull all the knowledgeable people together into one consortium and make the projects go.
Source: A pdf by Brad Douville of Greenlane Biogas [Link removed because this pdf is no longer available.]
More Information on Biogas Upgraders
Raw biogas produced from digestion is roughly 60% methane and 29% CO₂ with trace elements of H₂S. At this quality it is not high quality enough to be used as fuel gas for machinery. The corrosive nature of H2₂ alone is enough to destroy the internals of a plant.
The solution is the use of biogas upgrading or purification processes whereby contaminants in the raw biogas stream are absorbed or scrubbed. This leaves more methane per unit volume of gas.
There are four main methods [Wikipedia] of upgrading: water washing, pressure swing adsorption, selexol adsorbtion, and amine gas treating.
The most prevalent method is water washing whereby high pressure gas flows into a column in which the carbon dioxide and other trace elements are scrubbed. This is done by cascading water running counter-flow to the gas. This arrangement can deliver 98% methane with manufacturers guaranteeing maximum 2% methane loss in the system.
The adsorbent is then regenerated. For oxygen, a molecular sieve is used. For nitrogen a zeolite. For carbon dioxide and water, a zeolite or activated carbon is often used. via
Disadvantages of Biogas Upgraders
The process of upgrading biogas raises its value. It also generates new possibilities for its use since it can then replace natural gas, which is used extensively in many countries.
However, upgrading adds to the costs of biogas production.
It is therefore important to have an optimized upgrading process. Not only for low energy consumption, but also for high efficiency, and to give a high methane content in the upgraded gas.
Fugitive Emissions Risk
It is also very important to minimize, or if possible avoid, fugitive emissions of methane from the upgrading process. The reason is that methane has a greenhouse gas effect 23 times greater than that of carbon dioxide.
This means that the methane content in the reject gas, in the water from a water scrubber, or in any other stream leaving the upgrading plant should be minimized. via
Upgrader to Process Biogas Produced from Digesting Energy Crops
FLI Energy has selected Sheffield-based Chesterfield Biogas to supply an upgrader. The upgrader will process biogas produced from digesting energy crops such as maize.
The upgrader – which purifies the gas, so it can go into the national gas grid – is a big part of the project at Ellough, near Beccles, in Suffolk.
Demand for biogas – a form of renewable energy derived from organic waste – is expected to soar as the UK faces up to the challenges caused by climate change. via
Pentair Haffmans Biogas Upgraders – CO₂ Recovery Systems for Biogas
Pentair Haffmans's compact enclosed skid CO₂ recovery system can be connected to any existing biogas upgrading plant.
An increasing number of biomethane producers, want to have an effective carbon dioxide (CO₂) management to maximize yield and minimize environmental impact. That's both to bring gas-to-grid, or if they wish to produce CNG (bioCNG) or bioLNG.
Pentair Haffmans has launched a compact enclosed skid CO₂ recovery system that can be connected to any existing biogas upgrading plant. via
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 1. Reply
 Hiya, I am really glad I've found this info. Biogas plants need to have upgrades in order for this renewable fuel to be used in student buses and coaches. Using biogas fuel this way will make the young students more aware of the biogas method as well and have a bigger effect to reduce carbon emissions, it is hoped.
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Let $U$ be a Standard Uniform random variable. Show all the steps required to generate a continuous random variable with the density $f(x) = 1.5x^2$, $-1 < x < 1$.
I'm not looking for exact answers as much as proper solutions for future reference. Thanks!
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2 Answers 2
up vote 3 down vote accepted
Denote new random variable as V and its distribution function as F(x). Then:
F(x)=(x^3+1)/2=G( G' (F(x) ) )=G( (x^3+1)/2 )=P( U <= (x^3+1)/2 ) =P( 2U-1 <= x^3 )=P( (2U-1)^(1/3) <= x ). So, (2*U-1)^(1/3) is that random variable you need.
(As G'(x) I denote inverse function for G(x). G(x) is distribution function for U)
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Hint: You want to solve $F(X) = U$, where $F$ is the cumulative distribution function.
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So would I just integrate 1.5x^2 between -1 and 1 for the answer? – jrquick Dec 3 '12 at 20:21
No, integrate between $-1$ and $X$. – Robert Israel Dec 3 '12 at 20:43
Your Answer


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PROJECT TITLE :
TCAD-Based Simulation Method for the Electrolyte–Insulator–Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor
A simulation method for the electrolyte–insulator–semiconductor field-effect transistor (EISFET)-type sensor is proposed based on a well-established commercialized semiconductor 3-D technology computer-aided design simulator. The proposed method relies on the fact that an electrolyte can be described using a modified intrinsic semiconductor material because of the similarity between the electrolyte and the intrinsic semiconductor. The electrical double layer of the electrolyte is characterized in the simulation using the Gouy–Chapman–Stern model. Using the proposed simulation method, we extract the Debye lengths depending on phosphate buffered saline solutions with various concentrations and demonstrate that it is possible to simulate the screening effect. Furthermore, we investigate the responses of the EISFET-type silicon nanowire pH sensor based on our simulation method, which shows good agreement with the reported Nernst limit value.
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text:
The front gate and a small section of the original Maison Centrale (Hoa Lo Prison) are still standing and now house a museum exhibiting the history of this prison perhaps best known in the US because John McCain spent some time there after being shot down during the Vietnam War. (The Vietnam War is here referred to as the American War to distinguish it from the preceding 80 years of conflict.) A new high-rise hotel has been built on the grounds of the demolished portion of the prison. It is not a Hilton.
As horrific as the treatment of US servicemen may have been (the Hoa Lo exhibits claim otherwise), one comes away from the museum with an appreciation of the length and intensity of the Vietnamese people's struggle against foreign aggression. Built in the 1880s-1890s by the French, Hoa Lo was first used to house, and in some cases to execute by guillotine, Vietnamese insurgents. The prison was used in this capacity, mostly by the French, but also by the Japanese during World War II, until the mid-1950s. The prison's relatively short period of use during the Vietnam War to house US POWs felt like a mere footnote in its long and gruesome history.


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Is Pink Turkey Meat Safe?|
| The color pink in cooked
turkey meat raises a "red flag" to many diners and cooks. Conditioned
to be wary of cooked fresh pork that looks pink, they question
the safety of cooked poultry and other meats that have a rosy
Numerous callers to the USDA Meat and Poultry Hotline report
being alarmed when seeing "pink." To them, it means "unsafe"
"I cooked my turkey until done according to the directions,
but when I sliced the breast meat, it was still pink near the
bone," said an Oklahoma caller. "Is it safe?"
"We had a big family argument at Thanksgiving dinner. Aunt
Mildred wouldn't eat the turkey because it looked pink," reported
the beleaguered cook from a Wisconsin family.
The color of cooked poultry is not always a sure sign of its
safety. Only by using a food thermometer can one accurately
determine that poultry has reached a safe minimum internal temperature
of 165 °F throughout the product. Turkey can remain pink
even after cooking to a safe minimum internal temperature of 165
°F. The meat of smoked turkey is always pink.
To understand some of the causes of "pinking" or "pinkening"
in fresh turkey, it's important to know first what gives
meat its natural color.
Why is Poultry Lighter in Color Than Beef?
The protein myoglobin is the major pigment found in
all vertebrates and can exist in various forms which determine
the resulting meat color. The major reason that poultry meat
is much lighter in color than beef is that it is dramatically
lower in myoglobin. Also, as an animal becomes older, its myoglobin
content usually increases. Turkeys today are young — 4
to 5 months old at the time of slaughter.
Why Are White & Dark Meat of Poultry Different
The pink, red or white coloration of meat is due primarily to
oxygen-storing myoglobin which is located in the muscle cells
and retains the oxygen brought by the blood until the cells
need it. To some extent, oxygen use can be related to the bird's
general level of activity: muscles that are exercised frequently
and strenuously — such as the legs — need more oxygen,
and they have a greater storage capacity than muscles needing
little oxygen. Turkeys do a lot of standing around, but little
if any flying, so their wing and breast muscles are white; their
What Causes Well-Done Meat to Be Pink?
- Chemical Changes During Cooking.
Scientists have found that pinkness occurs when gases in
the atmosphere of a heated gas or electric oven react chemically
with hemoglobin in the meat tissues to give poultry a pink
tinge. They are the same substances that give red color
to smoked hams and other cured meats.
The presence of high levels of myoglobin, or some of its
redder forms due to incomplete denaturation during heat
processing, can account for poultry having a pink to red
color similar to that of an undercooked product.
- Natural Presence of Nitrites.
Nitrites are commonly used to produce a desired pink color
in traditionally cured meats such as ham or bologna. So
it follows that the natural presence of nitrates and nitrites,
either in the feed or water supply, used in the production
of poultry are a factor in nitrite levels in the birds.
One study found that during 40 hours of storage at 40 °F,
naturally occurring microorganisms converted nitrate to
nitrite. It also found that the local water supply had nitrate
and, thus, it could serve as a nitrate source during processing.
- Young Age of Meat.
Often meat of younger birds shows the most pink because
their thinner skins permit oven gases to reach the flesh.
The amount of fat in the skin also affects the amount of
pink color. Young birds or animals also lack the shield
of a fat covering.
Meat and poultry grilled or smoked outdoors can also look
pink, even when cooked to 165 °F. There may be a pink-colored rim
about one-half inch wide around the outside of the cooked
meat. The meat of commercially smoked turkeys is usually
pink because it is prepared with natural smoke and liquid
December 9, 2010


text:
More About Ellipses
Steven Dutch, Natural and Applied Sciences,
University of Wisconsin - Green Bay
First-time Visitors: Please visit Site Map and Disclaimer. Use
"Back" to return here.
Find the Center of an Ellipse
Sometimes you have an ellipse but don't know the center. Finding the
center is easy.
- Draw two arbitrary parallel lines cutting chords across the ellipse (in
- Bisect the chords and draw a line through the midpoints of the chords
- Bisect the resulting line. The biscting point is the center.
proof is to imagine doing this construction on a circle, the shearing the circle
out of shape into an ellipse.
Find the Axes of an Ellipse
Since you can easily find the center of an ellipse, finding the axes is just
- Given an ellipse with unknown axes and center, find the center as above.
- Construct a circle with center at the center of the ellipse and
intersecting the ellipse at four points.
- Bisect the arcs of the circle (not shown), or
- Construct the rectangle joining the points where the ellipse and
- Construct the perpendicular bisectors of the sides of the rectangle, or connect opposing pairs of arc bisectors.
Find the Foci of an Ellipse
||Given the major and minor axes of an ellipse, you can always find
the foci. You need the foci for some construction methods. Just draw radii of length a from the ends of the minor axis.
Given the foci, however, you can't uniquely determine the axes. You need
additional information such as the length of one axis. However, the
major axis is always along the line through the foci and the minor axis
always perpendicularly bisects the line between the foci.
Access Crustal Movements Notes Index
Return to Professor Dutch's Home Page
Created 28 December 1998, Last Update
30 January 2012
Not an official UW Green Bay site


text:
Structural Biochemistry/Bioinformatics/Structural Alignments/RNA Structural Alignment
RNA Structural Alignment
Structural alignment techniques have traditionally only been applied to proteins, as they are the primary biological macromolecules that form characteristic three dimensional structures. However, large RNA molecules also form characteristic tertiary structures, which mostly consist of hydrogen bonds formed between base pairs as well as by base stacking. Functionally similar noncoding RNA molecules can be particularly difficult to extract from genomics data because structure is more strongly conserved than sequence in RNA as well as proteins, while the more limited alphabet of RNA decreases the information content of any given nucleotide at any given position. A recent method for pairwise structural alignment of RNA sequences with low sequence identity has been published and implemented in the program FOLDALIGN. This method is not truly analogous to protein structural alignment techniques because it computationally predicts the structure of the RNA input sequences rather than requiring experimentally determined structures as input. Although computational prediction of the protein folding process has not been particularly successful to date, RNA structures without pseudoknots can often be sensibly predicted using free energy-based scoring methods that account for base pairing and stacking.


What it contains
This fact sheet contains information about smoke and carbon monoxide from peat fires. It includes what peat fire smoke looks like, what is in peat fire smoke, why we measure carbon monoxide around a peat fire, and general smoke-related health information.
Publication number
Number of pages
Release date
19 February 2020
Reviewed 19 February 2020


text:
All students must minimally meet the requirements for general admission to South College. General admission to South College does not guarantee admission to the accounting or business programs. Program admission is not granted until the following is met.
The Bachelor of Business Administration requires successful completion of 60 hours of the required curriculum at South College, earning the minimum grades required by the program.
Through completion of the Bachelor of Business Administration program, students will:
- Integrate analytic and quantitative techniques to develop and implement well-supported decisions.
- Examine current management practices and compose business correspondence necessary for communication and policy implementation in organizations.
- Develop a marketing plan using marketing research, product development, pricing, distribution, and promotion strategies.
- Evaluate business policies and strategies for effective organizational decision making.
- Analyze and develop financial statements, journals, and ledgers as part of the accounting cycle.


text:
gloss over the squares. To do this, follow these steps:
Create a rectangle by using the Rectangular Tool. Press R to select it. Draw a line intersecting all the squares in half. Make the height go as far as almost touching the text above it. An example of this is below.
The rectangle is in grey in my picture (zoomed in), but this is only to show you where to put it. In your image, make it white.
Next convert your rectangle to a â€™graphicâ€™. If you do not remember how to get the convert to box up press F8.
Click inside your rectangle, choose the color mode as â€™Alphaâ€™ and like with the text before drop the opacity down to around 25%.
View the final result below:
Thank you for viewing this tutorial – we hope you liked it
Copyrigh @ EvenICouldDoIt 2007


text:
Auscultation is the method of listening to the sounds of the body during a physical examination
Auscultation is usually done using a tool called a stethoscope. Health care providers routinely listen to a patient's lungs, heart, and intestines to evaluate the frequency, intensity, duration, number, and quality of sounds.
Health care providers also use auscultation to listen to the heart sounds of unborn infants. This can be performed with a stethoscope or with sound waves (called Doppler ultrasound). It can also be used to hear pulses in the hands and feet.
David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.


text:
Definition of lawbreaker in English:
A person who breaks the law.
- They're being criminalized and treated as lawbreakers.
- The essential arguments are that nothing in the policy excludes these cases and that to exclude them puts lawbreakers in a better position than entrants who declare themselves.
- 'If the Government becomes a lawbreaker,' he wrote, 'it breeds contempt for law; it invites every man to become a law unto himself; it invites anarchy.'
Law malfeasant, infractor
- Example sentences
- So, the Republicans will change the law to either politicize the prosecutor's office or retroactively legitimize past lawbreaking, and then proclaim themselves clean.
- But the prevalence of cultural relativism must take some blame too: For some, a culture of lawbreaking is just as valid as a culture of obedience to the law.
- If we go back to the case of massive resistance to desegregation, we have another example of federal lawbreaking assisted by state officials.
Pronunciation: /ˈlɔːˌbreɪkɪŋ/noun& adjective
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
Comments that don't adhere to our Community Guidelines may be moderated or removed.


text:
The law frequently distinguishes between individualized knowledge (awareness that one's act will harm a particular victim, e.g., driving through an intersection while aware that one's automobile is likely to injure a pedestrian) and statistical knowledge (awareness that one's activity or multiple acts will, to a high statistical likelihood, harm one or more potential victims, e.g., proceeding with a large construction project that one confidently predicts will result in worker injuries). Under tort and criminal law doctrine, acting with individualized knowledge is ordinarily much more difficult to justify, and, if unjustified, much more culpable, than acting with statistical knowledge. Yet the distinction is very difficult to explain and defend.
Statistical Knowledge Deconstructed,
Boston University Law Review
Available at: _URL_


ALFRED: ArchivaL Federal Reserve Economic Data
ALFRED® allows you to retrieve vintage versions of economic data that were available on specific dates in history. In general, economic data for past observation periods are revised as more accurate estimates become available. As a result, previous vintages of data can be superseded and may no longer be available from various data sources. Vintage or real time economic data allows academics to reproduce others' research, build more accurate forecasting models, and analyze economic policy decisions using the data available at the time.
Openness: OPEN (?)
See comments for package:econ-fred
Data og ressurser
Dette datasettet har ingen data, hvorfor ikke legge til noen?
Felt Verdi
Forfatter St Louis Federal Reserve


Christine Gervais
Evaluation of the implementation process of the strengths-based approach based on the theory of diffusion of innovation
Most policies in the area of mental health recommend the promotion of evidence-based practices. The force-based approach is recognized as a practice that can contribute to the recovery of people with severe mental disorders. However, several studies have raised numerous implementation challenges that limit its scope. An evaluation of the implementation process was conducted with stakeholders who received training on the strength-based approach. The results indicate that training is not sufficient and that institutional commitment is required to ensure the quality of the implementation.


New Center for AnimalHuman Studies
In the Netherlands, a new Center for AnimalHuman Studies (Centrum voor DierMens Studies) has just been founded.
AnimalHuman Studies is a fast growing interdisciplinary field which researches the complex relationship between animals and between humans and other animals. What place do other animals have in the cultural and social world of humans? In what ways do people communicate with animals and vice verse? In AnimalHuman Studies many different disciplines work together: socials sciences (sociology, anthropology, psychology, political science, geography), humanities (history, linguistics, literature studies, media studies, philosophy), natural sciences (ethology, animal sciences, animal welfare studies, comparative psychology).
The Center for AnimalHuman Studies in the Netherlands is a platform for researchers, teachers, students and others in the Netherlands who focus on the relationship between humans and other animals. The Center for AnimalHuman Studies is intended as a platform to exchange and provide knowledge on Animal humans studies.
You can join their network and find useful information on courses on animal-human relations in the Netherlands and abroad on their website, as well as an overview of websites, academic journals, and similar organizations. Spread the word!
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text:
- freely available
Simulation of Greenhouse Climate Monitoring and Control with Wireless Sensor Network and Event-Based Control
AbstractMonitoring and control of the greenhouse environment play a decisive role in greenhouse production processes. Assurance of optimal climate conditions has a direct influence on crop growth performance, but it usually increases the required equipment cost. Traditionally, greenhouse installations have required a great effort to connect and distribute all the sensors and data acquisition systems. These installations need many data and power wires to be distributed along the greenhouses, making the system complex and expensive. For this reason, and others such as unavailability of distributed actuators, only individual sensors are usually located in a fixed point that is selected as representative of the overall greenhouse dynamics. On the other hand, the actuation system in greenhouses is usually composed by mechanical devices controlled by relays, being desirable to reduce the number of commutations of the control signals from security and economical point of views. Therefore, and in order to face these drawbacks, this paper describes how the greenhouse climate control can be represented as an event-based system in combination with wireless sensor networks, where low-frequency dynamics variables have to be controlled and control actions are mainly calculated against events produced by external disturbances. The proposed control system allows saving costs related with wear minimization and prolonging the actuator life, but keeping promising performance results. Analysis and conclusions are given by means of simulation results.
Share & Cite This Article
Pawlowski, A.; Guzman, J.L.; Rodríguez, F.; Berenguel, M.; Sánchez, J.; Dormido, S. Simulation of Greenhouse Climate Monitoring and Control with Wireless Sensor Network and Event-Based Control. Sensors 2009, 9, 232-252.View more citation formats
Pawlowski A, Guzman JL, Rodríguez F, Berenguel M, Sánchez J, Dormido S. Simulation of Greenhouse Climate Monitoring and Control with Wireless Sensor Network and Event-Based Control. Sensors. 2009; 9(1):_URL_ Style
Pawlowski, Andrzej; Guzman, Jose L.; Rodríguez, Francisco; Berenguel, Manuel; Sánchez, José; Dormido, Sebastián. 2009. "Simulation of Greenhouse Climate Monitoring and Control with Wireless Sensor Network and Event-Based Control." Sensors 9, no. 1: 232-252.
Notes: Multiple requests from the same IP address are counted as one view.


text:
Definition of toeing
p. pr. & vb. n. - of Toe 2
The word "toeing" uses 6 letters: E G I N O T.
No direct anagrams for toeing found in this word list.
Shorter words found within toeing:
ego en eng eon et gen gent get gie gien gin git go gone got in ingot into ion it ne net nit nite no nog not note oe on one teg ten ti tie tigon tin tine ting tinge to toe tog ton tone tong
List shorter words within toeing, sorted by length
All words formed from toeing by changing one letter
Browse words starting with toeing by next letter


Subject: CVS commit: basesrc/etc
To: None <>
From: Luke Mewburn <>
List: source-changes
Date: 03/21/2002 14:21:00
Module Name: basesrc
Committed By: lukem
Date: Thu Mar 21 12:21:00 UTC 2002
Modified Files:
 basesrc/etc: rc.subr
Log Message:
- Add run_rc_command() control variable $command_interpreter
 If set, the first line of $command is read, the leading #! is
 removed, whitespace is normalised, the first word is checked
 against $command_interpreter, and the result is used as the
 string to match in the ps(1) output.
 This code isn't infallable, but works for common cases such as
 #! /usr/pkg/bin/perl -w
 This helps solve the problem described in [bin/15563], and by
 Ed Ravin on tech-userlevel.
- Move the common elements of check_process() and check_pidfile() into
 _find_processes(), and call appropriately.
To generate a diff of this commit:
cvs rdiff -r1.44 -r1.45 basesrc/etc/rc.subr
copyright notices on the relevant files.


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The Chief's Rule Book
How To Play Oware (Abapa)
Oware Abapa is considered the OFFICIAL standard for the purpose of international competition. It is for this reason that The Chief's Table only uses data from Oware Abapa games towards player analytics and international leader boards. Therefore you must learn how to play Oware Abapa if you want to earn a seat at the chief's table. Click here to learn more about the wider family of Mancala games.
How To Play Oware Abapa - Board Layout
The board is divided into two parts, your side and your opponents side. The row of six cups closest to you is considered your territory. The bigger cup closest to you, or to your right side is also yours and serves as your capture pit. The same applies for your opponent. Their territory is the six cups and the capture pit closet or to their right hand side.
How To Set Up Your Oware Board
 - Place the mancala board between you and your opponent with the long side facing you.
 - Place 4 seeds in each cup, excluding the capture pits. This should total 48 seeds.
* You can use any small item as a playing seed as long as a decent amount will fit in the cups such as pennies, marbles, or even stones.
Deciding Who Starts First
There are several ways to decide who will take the first turn. This is an important consideration because the first player technically has an advantage. When playing The Chief's Table the first player is decided by the "Guess Which Hand" challenge. Player have an equal chance to select who will hide the seed (players can select for either themselves or opponent to hide the seed) and the other player has to guess which hand its hidden in.
 1. A countdown will appear on screen and the first person to make a selection is the decision that will stand – The choices are you can either hide the seed or your opponent hides the seed.
 2. The player hiding the seed will have to choose a hand and their opponent must guess which hand the seed is hidden in. If the guessing player guesses correctly then they take the first turn, if they guess incorrectly, the player hiding the seed takes the first turn.
Players can use many different methods or rules to work out who plays first. A few suggestions include rock-paper-scissors, a coin flip, winner of last game starts, the choices are endless.
How To Play Oware Abapa - Taking A Turn
 1. Choose a cup from your own territory and pick up all the seeds in that cup.
 2. Begin to drop a single seed in each subsequent cup in a counter-clockwise direction around the board (including opponents cups). Continue this until you have no more seeds to drop. This is known as sowing.
 3. DO NOT include your capture pit in the sowing process.
 4. When sowing from a cup with 12+ seeds, the original cup should be excluded from that sowing cycle.
 5. How you proceed is dependent on where your last seed lands. Possible outcomes are capture or end of turn.
 6. Your turn ends once you have sown your last seed.
 7. There is no way to earn extra turns in Oware (Abapa).
How To Capture Seeds In Oware (Abapa)
You can only capture seeds when your last seed lands in YOUR OPPONENT'S TERRITORY and the criteria is met.
 - If the last seed you sow lands in your opponent's territory and results in that cup having 2 or 3 seeds (after yours is placed), you capture all the seeds in that cup.
 - It is possible to capture seeds from multiple cups in a single turn. This is called a chain. If your last seed sown meets the criteria, and the cup previous to it also meets the criteria, you also capture the seeds from that previous cup too. This method of capture can continue for as long as the criteria is met, if the chain is interrupted by a cup that has more than 3 or less than 2, your chain capture goes no further. Also you can not capture seeds from your own side.
How To Win
The winner is the player who captures at least 25 seeds because at this point the player has won over half the seeds in a complete set.
 - You are not allowed to intentionally starve your opponent, so if they have no seeds whilst its your turn to play, you MUST play in a way that will supply your opponents territory with at least one seed. This is a compulsory move when its possible. If it is not possible for you to supply your opponents territory in a single move, then you capture the remaining seeds within your territories and the game is over. Players must still count their seeds to establish who has won.
 - The winner is the person with the most seeds in their capture pit after counting.