text:
Pregnant? Ask A Professional
The Arizona Pregnancy Riskline, a free service at the University of Arizona College of Pharmacy, warns mothers-to-be that the internet is not the best source of accurate information when it comes to taking medication while you're pregnant.
The Arizona Pregnancy Riskline is a free service provided by the UA College of Pharmacy. Specially-trained counselors educate pregnant women and medical professionals on the potential risks of medication during pregnancy. While most medication is found to be safe, moms-to-be are urged to find out as much as they can from a professional before they take any medication, whether it be prescription or over-the-counter.
"An estimated 70 to 90 percent of all pregnant women use a prescription medication, and most of these women are very used to going to the Internet for information about nearly all aspects of their lives," said Dee Quinn, a certified genetics counselor and director of the Arizona Pregnancy Riskline. "But a recent study looking at the reliability of websites that provide lists of medications reported to be safe showed both inconsistent and inaccurate information about those drugs."
A study was conducted on 25 active websites that contain lists of "safe" medication to take during pregnancy. This information was compared to TERIS (Teratogen Information System), which is an evidence-based system that uses consensus from experts in the field on the safety of medications during pregnancy.
The study found that almost half of the medications listed on websites as "safe" didn't have enough evidence to give an accurate risk assessment, and many sites didn't have dosage and frequency information, nor did they note that pregnant women need to contact their health care provider before starting or stopping any medication while pregnant.
Quinn suggests that all pregnant women take information from the internet with a grain of salt and instead, talk with their doctor -- or contact the Arizona Pregnancy Riskline at _PHONE_ for free, confidential information.


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The Temple in Salt Lake has several inverted pentagrams as decorations. (To see a few, just google "lds temple salt lake inverted pentagrams" and click on images. Or click here)
According to Wikipedia, the inverted pentagram symbol is used in Neo-Paganism, Satanism, and magick, as well as Freemasonry.
How exactly did it become a symbol of the LDS church? (It seems like an odd symbol to use, given how it's used by others.) What does it represent according to LDS teaching?
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Freemasonry does not use the inverted pentagram. However Eastern Star does. I think this would be a great question for this SE. However, this may be an interesting read for you. With that said, some symbols have been around longer than Christianity. Nowhere in the Bible does it say that a 5 pointed star (no matter its direction) is bad. This is a newer taboo – user1054 Sep 5 '12 at 20:19
Symbol interpretation is always a fun subject because the meaning is so subjective. For example, what is the true meaning of the swastika? There is single answer, due to how many cultures have used it separately, and how many times it has occurred simply as a pleasing geometric shape without actually needing any special meaning. – Marc Gravell Sep 5 '12 at 21:52
_USER_: Did you mean no single answer...? – Caleb Sep 6 '12 at 12:02
3 Answers 3
up vote 15 down vote accepted
The symbol has no specific meaning within LDS theology, and there are no teachings regarding it. According to an article found among the Wikipedia page's sources, the pentagram symbol actually has a long history in Christian and Jewish art and architecture, and only first began to be associated with Satanism and the occult in the 1850s. By this point, the design for the Salt Lake temple had already been drafted.
The star symbolism in the temple was included, along with carved depictions of other celestial bodies, as symbolic of heavenly glory, which is described in the Doctrine and Covenants, section 76, as being similar to the brightness of the sun, the moon and the stars.
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_USER_: Have a look at the linked article. It's got several examples, including a Jewish one going back all the way to BC times. – Mason Wheeler Sep 5 '12 at 19:52
+1 Matthew B. Brown's book Symbols in Stone talks about this too, and declares the inverted star to be symbolic of the Morning Star (Venus) and thus a symbol of Jesus Christ. (He declares Himself the "bright and morning star") – Dave DeLong Sep 5 '12 at 21:02
Accepted answere, but it seems odd that it is used so often without there being any specific meaning or teaching regarding it. – Narnian Sep 7 '12 at 14:18
_USER_: One possible explanation: They just wanted stars. There are two stars that are geometrically very easy to create: a five-pointed star, and a six-pointed star. And the six-pointed star already had a well-known meaning as a piece of religious symbolism at the time the temple was being built: it's the Star of David, associated as strongly with Judaism as the cross is with Christianity. The five-pointed star did not have any such meaning at that time, so it was quite convenient to use. It's worth noting that temples built later have not included the pentagram in their ornamentation. – Mason Wheeler Sep 7 '12 at 14:51
I'll second _USER_'s thoughts -- "they just wanted stars". Sounds creepy when you say "inverted pentagram". – Jake Toronto Jun 11 '14 at 23:07
The inverted star represents the second coming of Jesus Christ. This symbol is also on the Nauvoo Temple and this is what I was told when I asked around about it.
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How exactly does that represent the second coming of Jesus? It had long before been a symbol of Freemasonry. – Narnian Jun 11 '14 at 13:03
Joseph Smith was a freemason and many of the symbols on the temple are also used in freemasonry. As Mason noted, this doesn't give any meaning to the symbol (unless you have conspiracy theories regarding freemasonry,) but simply seems to be one possibility for the architectural influence.
Some have also suggested that there are also some influences between some of the garments used in the LDS temple and the robes of the Freemasons and also having members-only ceremonies, though these may be more coincidental.
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The Whiskered Auklet, Aethia pygmaea, is a small seabird of the auk family. It has a more restricted range than other members of its genus, Aethia, living only around the Aleutian Islands and on some islands off Siberia (like Commander Islands), and breeding on these islands. It is one of the smallest alcids, only the closely related Least Auklet being smaller. Its name is derived from the long white feathers on its face that are part of its breeding plumage.
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The following video provides you with the correct English pronunciation of the word "Aethia pygmaea", to help you become a better English speaker.
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When Hope Edelman finished writing Motherless Daughters, she thought she had said all she could about the long-term effects of early mother loss. Published in 1994, the book touched a nerve in women across the country and went on to become an enduring New York Times bestseller. Edelman, who was seventeen when her own mother died, told the collective story of mother loss with such candor, empathy, and informed wisdom that she quickly became a widely recognized expert on the topic.
But when she became a parent, she found herself revisiting her loss in ways she had never anticipated. Now the mother of two young girls, Edelman set out to learn how the loss of a mother to death or abandonment can affect the ways women raise their own children. From her exhaustive investigation, including a survey of more than one thousand women, comes Motherless Mothers, the enlightening and inspiring next step in the motherless journey.
1. Why is pregnancy an especially overwhelming experience for motherless mothers, and how does the prospect of a new mother-child relationship in their lives affect many of these women?
2. How does the experience of having lost a mother impact the emotions of first-time mothers, and how does it tend to influence their treatment of their newborns?
3. How does the author's decision to use examples from her life—including facts about the loss of her mother and details about her relationship with her two young daughters and her husband—to examine the many parenting challenges faced by motherless mothers impact your reading experience?
4. Why are motherless mothers especially vulnerable to feelings of guilt and anxiety when issues involving separation from their children arise in their everyday lives, and how does the author suggest they might deal productively with these feelings?
5. Why do motherless mothers tend to be overprotective of their children, and how does this overly protective attitude connect to their own desire to protect themselves from future loss?
6. What do studies reveal about the importance of maternal grandmothers, and how significant is this absence for the children of motherless mothers?
7. How can anxiety about death be good for one's psychological health, according to the author, and how does this anxiety manifest itself in motherless mothers?
8. How does the early loss of a parent help motherless mothers to emotionally identify with their children?
9. Why might the conflict, rebellion, and rejection so typical in relationships with adolescent children be especially difficult and problematic for motherless mothers?
10. How does the survey that the author includes in the index of the book reveal a clear picture of the motherless mothers interviewed for this book? Were there any other questions you would have liked seen added to the survey? Which ones?
Hope Edelman has a bachelor's degree in journalism from Northwestern University and a master's degree in creative nonfiction writing from the University of Iowa. She is the author of the New York Times bestseller Motherless Daughters and its companion volume, Letters from Motherless Daughters. Her work has appeared in numerous magazines, newspapers, and anthologies. She lives in Los Angeles, California, with her husband and their two daughters.


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Fast heating induced impulse halogenation of refractory sample components in electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry by direct injection of a liquid halogenating agent
Faculty of Sciences. Chemistry
Talanta : the international journal of pure and applied analytical chemistry. - Oxford, 1958, currens
, p. _PHONE_
University of Antwerp
A novel electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) method was developed for the halogenation of refractory sample components (Er, Nd and Nb) of lithium niobate (LiNbO3) and bismuth tellurite (Bi2TeO5) optical single crystals to overcome memory effects and carry-over. For this purpose, the cleaning step of a regular graphite furnace heating program was replaced with a halogenation cycle. In this cycle, after the graphite tube cooled to room temperature, a 20 μL aliquot of liquid carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was dispensed with a conventional autosampler into the graphite tube. The CCl4 was partially dried at 80 °C under the mini-flow (40 cm3 min−1) condition of the Ar internal furnace gas (IFG), then the residue was decomposed (pyrolyzed) by fast furnace heating at _PHONE_ °C under interrupted flow of the IFG. This step was followed by a clean-out stage at 2100 °C under the maximum flow of the IFG. The advantage of the present method is that it does not require any alteration to the graphite furnace gas supply system in contrast to most of the formerly introduced halogenation techniques. The effectiveness of the halogenation method was verified with the determination of Er and Nd dopants in the optical crystals. In these analyses, a sensitivity decrease was observed, which was likely due to the enhanced deterioration of the graphite tube surface. Therefore, the application of mathematical correction (resloping) of the calibration was also required. The calibration curves were linear up to 1.5 and 10 μmol L−1 for Er and Nd, respectively. Characteristic masses of 18 and 241 pg and the limit of detection (LOD) values of 0.017 and 0.27 μmol L−1 were found for Er and Nd, respectively. These LOD data correspond to 0.68 μmol mol−1 Er and 11 μmol mol−1 Nd in solid bismuth tellurite samples. The analytical results were compared with those obtained by a conventional ETAAS method and validated with X-ray fluorescence spectrometry analysis.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
17th Century Ireland – the Dynamics of Myth and Fact added to the Essays collection.
The essay accounts for the major events and changes that took place in Ireland during the first half of the 17th century and compares them with modern perceptions of this period in an attempt to understand the dynamics of myth and fact in present-day tensions in Northern Ireland.
The Luddites added to the Essays collection.
In the midst of the war between England and revolutionary France, a minority of craftsmen rose up in revolt in the heart of industrial Northern England. They were named the "the Luddites". Indignant at seeing their livelihoods and freedoms threatened by the increased use of machinery, they protested, rioted, and carried out sabotage.
The essay accounts for the conditions and events which led to the activities of the Luddites, the nature of those activities and the organisation of the Luddites, and how the British government responded to the situation.


Make Your Detergent At Home, Know More Here
When you think of making your own homemade laundry detergent the first think that comes to mind is that it would be difficult and time consuming, but in reality it is neither. Making your own laundry powder is quick, simple and cheap.
Here is a nice stack of various formulas for making custom made laundry detergent. Making your own natural, homemade laundry detergent is one of the easiest parts of a transition to natural living. This natural laundry soap formula is a great way to save money on laundry detergent and more it is quite simple.
Homemade detergent smells like soap, not the counterfeit fragrances that are added to commercial detergents, so it's useful for individuals who are averse to fake aromas.
Reasons to use natural laundry soap
Conventional laundry detergent is stacked with chemicals like sulfates, fragrances, phenols and more. Numerous brands contain things like petroleum distillates, which are connected to tumor and lung infection. Scents in these cleansers are made of a blend of harmful chemicals.
Fortunately, making your own particular laundry soap is a simple and quick process! You just need three fundamental ingredients to make either a powdered or fluid laundry soap:
 1. Washing Soda
 2. Borax
 3. Natural Bar Soaps (Can make a homemade coconut oil soap)
Washing Soda and Borax should be available at your neighborhood market. Normal bar cleansers are in the natural segments of the store, or online. You can likewise include two or three tablespoons of baking soda to help freshen clothes.
How does this ingredients help in laundry cleaning
Borax is a naturally occurring mineral made up of sodium, boron, oxygen, and water. It is an ingredient in most of the natural soaps available and to top it all it is very inexpensive.
Borax is frequently touted as a wonder ingredient for natural cleaning in formulas like homemade cleaners and even in homemade beauty products as a preservative. Borax, of the mule team variety, is sodium tetraborate or sodium borate and not boric acid.
Washing Soda, in some cases called sodium carbonate or soda ash, is produced using common salt and limestone or found as normal deposits. Baking soda has natural ingredients that help in cleaning.
Natural Laundry Soap Recipe:
First Formula:
 1. Grate the bar soap or blend in food processor until finely ground. Use your preferred soap. You can use homemade coconut oil soap.
 2. In a large bowl, blend 2 parts washing soda, 2 parts Borax and 1 section grated soap. (Include a couple of teaspoons of baking soda if wanted).
 3. Store the mixture in a closed container. If you are using a big enough container, just put all ingredients in storage container or jar and shake.
 4. Use 1/8 to 1/4 cup per load of laundry.
Second Formula
2.5 gallons Water (hot)
1 Bar Soap (grated)
3/4 cup Washing Soda
3/4 cup Borax
2 TBS Glycerin
1.Melt grated soap over medium-low heat topped with water, mix until melted
 1. In a large bucket, pour 2.5 gallons of boiling water, include melted mixture, washing soda, borax and glycerin. Blend well.
 2. Utilize 1/2 container for every full load.
Liquid Laundry soap recipes
 1. Grate one bar of soap with cheese grater or food processor.
 2. Put grated soap in pan with 2 quarts water and steadily heat, blending continuously until soap is totally dissolved.
 3. Put 4.5 gallons of truly hot faucet water in a 5-gallon pail and blend in some borax and some Washing Soda until totally dissolved.
 4. Pour soap mixture from pan into 5-gallon bucket. Blend well.
 5. Cover and leave overnight.
 7. Use 1/2 to 1 cup per load.
These recipes are additionally an extraordinary approach to spare cash on laundry. One can save a lot on the laundry bill.
Too lazy to make your own laundry soap?
Some people may find it boring to make their own laundry soap or some may not get the time to prepare one because of different reasons, but there are few good brands of Eco friendly laundry detergent that are good to use.
Ecover Zero Laundry Detergent
Functions well, generally cost effective and low/no danger of developmental or reproductive toxicity and cancer as per the EWG.
Emma Eco Me Detergent
It is cost effective, works well and also rated highly by EWG and cleans up to 64 loads for $12. Good scents.
Planet Natural Detergent
Cost effective and relatively eco friendly.
Clearly the best option is to make your own detergent if possible, but if you aren't able to make one for yourself, those natural alternatives are a good choice. Making homemade laundry detergent is less expensive and can have more benefits in long run.
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I am having a hard time understanding the concept of adjoint of a linear operator. Given a finite dimensional Hilbert space $H$ over a field $F$, I know the dual space is the vector space $H^*$ of all linear forms $f:H\rightarrow F$.
 - Is the adjoint of a linear map $A$ on $H$ a member of $H^*$? Or what is the relationship between a linear map $f:H\rightarrow K$ and the dual space, generally? What confuses me even more is this special case: take the bra-ket notation. It says that for any ket $|\psi\rangle\in H$ there is a linear form from $H^*$ called a bra ($|\psi\rangle:=\langle\psi,-\rangle$-also weird, is $\psi$ a function or not?...), such that bra is the adjoint of ket.
 It's a bit of a mess, any help would be appreciated.
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 Please see… – wj32 Oct 26 '12 at 0:31
 1 Answer 1
 up vote 5 down vote accepted
 First, there's something called the Riesz Representation Theorem. To understand it, start by fixing a vector $v \in H$. We can now use the dot product to define a continuous linear functional $L_v: H \rightarrow F$ by $$L_v(w) = \langle w,v \rangle.$$ What the Riesz Representation Theorem says is that every continuous linear functional $\phi:H \rightarrow F$ arises in this way! That is, given any element $\phi$ of the dual space $H^\ast$, there is some $v \in H$ so that $\phi(w) = \langle w, v \rangle$. So this is why we can sort of think as linear functionals as elements of the Hilbert space, and vice versa. In more mathematical terms, we say that the dual of $H$ is isomorphic to $H$.
 Second, a note on dual spaces: I believe that typically the space $H^\ast$ is defined to be the set of continuous linear functionals. This distinction is important, as there are different types of duals. So far, I've been talking about the topological dual. However, there is an algebraic dual, which I have seen denoted $H^\star$, which is just all linear functionals $H \rightarrow F$, no continuity assumed. The Reisz Representation Theorem concerns only the topological dual. (The duals are actually the same for finite dimensional Hilbert spaces, but I don't believe the Hilbert spaces encountered in QM are.)
 Third, adjoints: Given any Hilbert spaces $H, K$, and a continuous linear functional $A: H \rightarrow K$, there is a continuous linear map called the adjoint $A^\ast:K \rightarrow H$ (note that it goes the other way) that is defined by the equation $\langle Av, w \rangle = \langle v, A^\ast w \rangle$. You typically only see the case $K = H$. So no, the adjoint of an operator $A: H \rightarrow H$ is not an element of $H^\ast$, since the members of $H^\ast$ are continuous linear functionals from $H$ into $F$, and $H^\ast$ goes from $H$ into $H$.
 Unfortunately, I don't know much about QM, so this last bit is just speculating on how I think the notation works. If you consider kets $|\phi \rangle \in H$ to be an element of the Hilbert space, then there is a continuous linear functional that I suppose you could call $\langle \phi |$ defined by $\langle \phi | v \rangle = \langle v, \phi \rangle.$ And conversely, given a bra $\langle \phi |$, by the Reisz Representation Theorem, there is a bra $| \phi \rangle$ so that $\langle \phi | v \rangle = \langle \phi, v \rangle.$
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Re: BEGIN block and prototyped subroutines
by ikegami (Pope)
on Apr 18, 2010 at 08:30 UTC ( #835319=note: print w/ replies, xml ) Need Help??
in reply to BEGIN block and prototyped subroutines
You seem to misunderstand both BEGIN and prototypes.
Let's look at BEGIN first. It causes the enclosed code to be executed as soon as it is compiled.
For the following code:
print "a"; BEGIN { print "b"; } print "c";
the following happens:
 - print "a"; is compiled.
 - BEGIN {... } is compiled.
 - print "b"; is compiled.
 - BEGIN {... } is executed.
 - print "b"; is executed.
 - print "c"; is compiled.
 - Compilation finished. Execution begins.
 - print "a"; is executed.
 - print "c"; is executed.
BEGIN is completely useless around a sub definition because a sub definition doesn't produce any runnable code.
Now, let's look at prototypes. Prototypes affect how sub calls are parsed and they affect the code into which a sub call is compiled. Obviously, that means the prototype of a sub must be known at the time a call to the sub is encountered.
For the following code:
foo('bar'); sub foo($) { print "foo called: _USER_\n"; }
the following happens:
 - foo('bar') is compiled. foo hasn't been declared, so a stub with no prototype is created. No prototype exists, so parsing is not affected, and no check is done on the args.
 - sub foo($) {... } is compiled. The prototype doesn't match the one that was previously declared, which means Perl used the wrong prototype when generating earlier calls to foo, so a warning is issued.
 - Compilation finished. Execution begins.
 -...
You need to declare the sub before any calls to the sub are compiled. It's the only way the sub call can be affected by the prototype.
sob foo($); foo('bar'); sub foo($) { print "foo called: _USER_\n"; }
By the way, prototypes are by and large discouraged in Perl. They are not a good way to check the validity of arguments.
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Updated: Sep 26
When thoughts of Greece arise, ancient ruins, picturesque landscapes, and delectable Mediterranean cuisine dance through our minds.
Yet, there is an often overlooked facet of Greek culture that captivates the senses: their extraordinary spirits. Greek spirits, renowned for their distinctive flavors and rich heritage, invite both connoisseurs and adventurous souls on a delightful journey. In this article, we will delve into the captivating world of Greek spirits, from beloved classics to thrilling new additions, unraveling what sets them apart and makes them truly exceptional.
Classic Greek Spirits:
a) Ouzo: The undisputed monarch of Greek spirits, ouzo is an anise-flavored liqueur that embodies the essence of Greece. Whether sipped neat or diluted with water, it transforms into a milky white elixir, releasing an alluring aroma. Celebrated for its smoothness, ouzo is often enjoyed as an aperitif or alongside traditional meze dishes.
b) Tsipouro: Similar to Italian grappa, tsipouro is a grape pomace distillate crafted in various regions of Greece, each showcasing unique regional characteristics. Traditionally savored as a digestive, tsipouro offers a robust, fruity flavor that warms the soul.
c) Raki: Referred to as "tsikoudia" in Crete, raki is a grape-based brandy that embodies the vibrant essence of the Mediterranean. Often served in small, shot-like glasses, raki is an integral part of Cretan hospitality, extending an invitation to celebrate.
New Greek Spirits:
a) Mastiha: Derived from the resin of the rare mastiha tree on the island of Chios, mastiha liqueur is a recent addition to the realm of Greek spirits. Its distinctive flavor, reminiscent of pine and citrus, lends a unique touch to cocktails, desserts, or even solo enjoyment.
b) Tentura: Originating from the city of Patras, and made popular by Hahalis Distillery, tentura is a spiced liqueur with a history dating back to the 15th century. Harmoniously blending cinnamon, clove, and other secret spices, it results in a warm, aromatic spirit. Tentura is often relished as a digestif or used as a flavoring agent in desserts
c) Kitron: An indispensable part of the lively island of Naxos, kitron is a citrus liqueur crafted from the leaves of the kitron tree. With its refreshing and zesty character, kitron serves as the perfect companion during warm summer evenings, beautifully complementing the island's sunny ambiance.
What Sets Greek Spirits Apart and Makes Them Exceptional?
a) Distillation Techniques: Greek spirits frequently employ traditional distillation methods, allowing the flavors of the raw ingredients to shine through. This time-honored approach, passed down through generations, adds an authentic touch and showcases the artistry in every bottle.
b) Local Ingredients: Greece's diverse geography and fertile lands gift an abundance of unique ingredients. Whether it be the anise in ouzo or the aromatic herbs in mastiha liqueur, Greek spirits capture the essence of the regions they originate from, showcasing the bounties of the land and sea.
c) Cultural Significance: Greek spirits possess deep cultural roots, interwoven with ancient traditions, celebrations, and hospitality. They embody conviviality, bringing people together and evoking warmth, friendship, and shared joy.
A New Addition to the Greek Spirits Family: Kavo - Greek Rum
Adding to the vibrant tapestry of Greek spirits is a recent development that has piqued the interest of spirit enthusiasts worldwide – Kavo, the world's first Greek rum. Although Greece may not be the first country that comes to mind when contemplating rum production, this exciting creation embraces the essence of Greek terroir by utilizing locally sourced ingredients. Crafted from Greek sugarcane and infused with a medley of botanicals from the enchanting Greek islands, this unique rum is a captivating addition to the Greek spirits landscape.
Immersed in the concept of "terroir," Kavo rum is deeply rooted in the country's diverse agricultural heritage. The use of Greek sugarcane bestows upon it a distinctive character that distinguishes it from its Caribbean counterparts. Nurtured by the Mediterranean sun, the fertile Greek soil imparts a subtle sweetness and earthiness to the rum, creating an unparalleled flavor profile.
What further sets Kavo rum apart is the infusion of Greek-island botanicals. Each Greek island boasts its own distinct ecosystem, offering an array of aromatic herbs and plants. These carefully selected and expertly combined botanicals contribute to the complexity and depth of flavors found in Greek rum. Whether it's the fragrant hints of citrus from the island of Zakynthos or the herbaceous notes from Santorini, these botanicals weave a tapestry of Greek island magic into every sip.
Greek spirits are not merely alcoholic beverages; they epitomize an immersive cultural experience, fusing history, tradition, and remarkable flavors. From beloved classics like ouzo and tsipouro to the emerging stars such as mastiha, kitron, and rum, each sip tells a tale of Greece's rich heritage and the passion of its people. Embark on a journey of discovery, allowing your taste buds to be enchanted by the diverse and ever-evolving world of Greek spirits. Yamas! (Cheers!)


text:
The 2nd and 3rd grade class at Clallam Bay Elementary have a tradition of balancing eggs on the first day of spring. Because the eggs are raw it takes determination to get them to balance. Most of the students were able to balance their egg.
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text:
The 'link and'static-link formats are the same as 'dir in terms of parsing, but they are treated differently for tasks such as package installation.
source : string? type : (or/c package-source-format? _TAG_) = _TAG_
(package-source->name+type source [ type #:complain complain-proc #:must-infer-name? must-infer-name?] #:link-dirs? link-dir?)
(or/c _TAG_ string?) (or/c package-source-format? _TAG_) source : string? type : (or/c package-source-format? _TAG_) = _TAG_ complain-proc : (string? string?. ->. any) = void must-infer-name? : boolean? = _TAG_ link-dir? : boolean?
The complain-proc function is applied when source is ill-formed. The arguments to complain-proc are source and an error message.
If must-infer-name? is true, then complain-proc is called if a valid name cannot be inferred from source.
If link-dirs? is true, then a directory path is reported as type 'link instead of 'dir.
The package-source->path function is different from string->path in the case that source starts with file://. Also, if type is 'dir, 'link, or'static-link, then path->directory-path is used to ensure that the result path refers to a directory.
Added in version 10.0.1.11 of package base.


text:
that give them a clear scoring opportunity, when cutting inside towards goal.
- To double up on the opposition winger, particularly when he is being "double-marked" by both the team's full back and winger.
The stereotypical winger is fast, tricky and enjoys 'hugging' the touchline, that is, running downfield close to the touchline and delivering crosses. However, players with different attributes can thrive on the wing as well. Some wingers prefer to cut infield (as opposed to staying wide) and pose a threat as playmakers by playing diagonal passes to forwards or taking a shot at goal. Even players who are not considered quick, have been successfully fielded as wingers at club and international level for their ability to create play from the flank. Occasionally wingers are given a free role to roam across the front line and are relieved of defensive responsibilities.
The typical abilities of wingers include:
- Technical skill to beat a full-back in a one-to-one situation.
- Pace, to beat the full-back one-on-one.
- Crossing ability when out wide.
- Good off-the-ball ability when reading a pass from the midfield or from fellow attackers.
- Good passing ability and composure, to retain possession while in opposition territory.
- The modern winger should also be comfortable on either wing so as to adapt to quick tactical changes required by the coach.
Traditionally, right-footed players are played on the right wing and left-footed players on the left as a matter of familiarity and comfort. However, in the modern game, coaches usually demand wingers to be able to play on both flanks and to switch flanks during play regularly as a quick change of tactics. For instance, a right-footed winger who plays on the left flank is more comfortable cutting into the middle, which suits the styles of playmaker forwards who can cause a threat both by shooting from distance, dribbling towards goal, or sliding through passes to other forwards. Another advantage is that the winger can cut inside, towards the weaker foot of the full-back. Clubs such as Barcelona and Celtic often choose to play their wingers on the 'wrong' flank for this reason. One of the foremost practitioners of playing from either flank was the German winger, Jürgen Grabowski, whose flexibility helped Germany to third place in 1970, and a championship in 1974.
Although wingers are a familiar part of football, the use of wingers is by no means universal. There are many successful football teams who operate without wingers. A famous example is AC Milan, who typically play in a narrow midfield diamond formation or in a Christmas tree formation (4-3-2-1), relying on full-backs to provide the necessary width down the wings. Also, in the 1966 World Cup, England manager Alf Ramsey led a team without natural wingers to the championship. This was unusual enough at the time for the team to be nicknamed "The Wingless Wonders".


text:
- November 15th, 2008
- Derek Robertson
- Comments: 7 Comments »Tags: Consolarium, Endless Ocean, games based learning, Wii
Endless Ocean for the Nintendo Wii was one of those games that immediately caught my eye. A wonderful world in which the player can become immersed in a rich, vibrant and somewhat hypnotically therapeutic underwater world. I've written about how I thought it might be used to drive learning before but my initial ideas have been put into place and extended beyond recognition by some really creative teachers.
Last week I went with Margaret Cassidy from Stirling Council to Cowie PS to see a teacher that was using Endless Ocean with her class:
Mrs Bullivant and her class of P.6 children treated me to an afternoon of sheer joy. I walked in to a class that had been turned into an underwater world that was awash with a tide of enthusiastic and industrious learnning.
- Streamers of various shades of blue were hung from two lines that criss-crossed the class.From these lines also hung starfish, sharks and other underwater creatures that the children had made.
- The Wii was hooked up to the whiteboard and the gameplay was integral to the learning.
- The children were divided into 'dive teams' and their 'dive leader' had to manage certain aspects of how the children worked together.
- Children were engaged with a teacher led leson that investigated buoyancy.
- Children were searching the web to find out more about some of the creatures that they discovered in the game.
- A spreadsheet activity detailing the range of creatures that they had discovered was in place.
- A shipwreck (created by the janitor) was sitting in the class. This helped drive much of the creative writing work.
- The children created treasure maps and were using these to look at grid references.
- Mermaids were created in art and design and very lifelike they were too!
- Reference books were in great demand when I was in the class and the initial stimulus of the game appeared to drive a real interest for what could be found in the complementary resource that was the book.
- Children actively encouraged to measure exactly how long 7 metres is as a result of finding out that that was how long a Great White Shark was.
This was just a wonderful visit and an example of what learning in class can be. Yes we need creative teachers to lead this but isn't that what we are meant to be. The work that was in evidence in this class was delightful to witness and further cemented my ideas of the possibilities of sandbox games such as Endless Ocean.
Categories Stirling Council


text: This report provides new evidence into the factors that predict school drop out for children in Bangladesh. It also examines similarities and differences between children who enter late into primary schooling, those who are permanently excluded and those who drop out. Our results show that the relationship of the child within the household and the possible support received from parents when the child requested help for school work were factors associated with the risk of drop out. In addition, over age in the final years of primary school and low school attendance were signals of a high risk of school drop out. Children who started school late were similar to children who drop out in terms of background family characteristics. However, children who were permanently excluded from school were poorer and more marginalised than children who dropped out. Several recommendations are drawn from the analyses of this report.


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Benjamin Wolfe, Lex Fridman, Anna Kosovicheva, Bobbie Seppelt, Bruce Mehler, Bryan Reimer, Ruth Rosenholtz; Predicting road scenes from brief views of driving video. Journal of Vision 2019;19(5):8. doi: _URL_
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© ARVO (_PHONE_); The Authors (2016-present)
If a vehicle is driving itself and asks the driver to take over, how much time does the driver need to comprehend the scene and respond appropriately? Previous work on natural-scene perception suggests that observers quickly acquire the gist, but gist-level understanding may not be sufficient to enable action. The moving road environment cannot be studied with static images alone, and safe driving requires anticipating future events. We performed two experiments to examine how quickly subjects could perceive the road scenes they viewed and make predictions based on their mental representations of the scenes. In both experiments, subjects performed a temporal-order prediction task, in which they viewed brief segments of road video and indicated which of two still frames would come next after the end of the video. By varying the duration of the previewed video clip, we determined the viewing duration required for accurate prediction of recorded road scenes. We performed an initial experiment on Mechanical Turk to explore the space, and a follow-up experiment in the lab to address questions of road type and stimulus discriminability. Our results suggest that representations which enable prediction can be developed from brief views of a road scene, and that different road environments (e.g., city versus highway driving) have a significant impact on the viewing durations drivers require to make accurate predictions of upcoming scenes.
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The gate is one of the first examples of architectural recycling, in fact the two arches were not originally part of the city walls but belonged to an aqueduct that Emperor Claudius had built in 52 CE where Via Labincana and Via Prenestina met. Later, the two arches were incorporated into the city walls and were given the name Porta Prenestina. Only later did it become known as Porta Maggiore as a result of its proximity to the church of Santa Maria Maggiore. Today the square in front of the gate has become a focal point of Roman traffic. Buses and trams stop here and the upper part of the gate is used as a railway bridge for trains on their way to and from Termini.
Attractions & Landmarks
- Credit Cards Accepted: mastercard, visa
- Nearest Train: Piazza Di Porta Maggiore


Candeo North Scottsdale
"Known for its classical liberal arts philosophy, rigorous curriculum, and joyful learning environment, Candeo Schools has been consistently ranked in Arizona‚Äôs top schools since its inception in 2008.
The complexity and rigor of their curriculum naturally increases each year in order to properly prepare motivated students for the top preparatory high schools and universities in the nation.
Candeo Schools' mission is to grow wisdom and virtue for a life well lived through rigorous knowledge-based schooling in the classical liberal arts. At Candeo, who students become as a result of what they learn is just as important as what they know.
Students wear uniforms, build classroom camaraderie, and adhere to a defined wellness policy that prohibits junk food, encourages healthy eating, and allows for plenty of fresh air and movement throughout the day. Candeo Schools utilizes the nationally recognized Core Knowledge curriculum so students gain rich knowledge that builds year after year. In addition to studying Mathematics, Science, Geography, World and American History, Language Arts, Grammar, Art, Music, and Physical Education, students also learn French, Latin, Art History, Logic, and Civility. Students study the classics and engage with teachers and classmates in open dialogue (the Socratic Method) and read-alouds.
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A sequence of (key, pointer) pairs where each pointer points to a record in a database which contains the key value in some particular field. The index is sorted on the key values to allow rapid searching for a particular key value, using e.g. binary search. The index is "inverted" in the sense that the key value is used to find the record rather than the other way round. For databases in which the records may be searched based on more than one field, multiple indices may be created that are sorted on those keys.
An index may contain gaps to allow for new entries to be added in the correct sort order without always requiring the following entries to be shifted out of the way.


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Paid revision courses: time for a boycott
- By: Grant S Nolan
They message me more than my girlfriend does, I see their shiny leaflets plastered on the student union's walls, and one plucky company representative even had the audacity to give a quick sales pitch after a lecture. Exam season is looming, and paid revision courses are everywhere.
Medical schools have been around for centuries, educating bright eyed students. They teach us everything from approaching an unconscious patient in the street, to explaining the stomach ache one gets after being kicked in the balls.* Medical societies often provide revision events and proactive students have long formed their own revision groups; testing each other and working together through indecipherable lecture notes. So what gap are these revision courses plugging?
That question becomes even more relevant when you consider the staggering cost of these courses. With recent tuition fee changes to £9000 a year, medicine can already be unaffordable for those without substantial


Driver's Education for the Self-Driving Database
With Oracle Autonomous Database, DBAs can avoid the mundane, embrace strategy, and schedule those meetings.
By Tom Haunert
February 12, 2018
If DBAs are the drivers of databases, what happens to DBA responsibilities on a self-driving database?
Oracle Magazine sat down with Maria Colgan, master product manager for Oracle Database, to talk about how Oracle Autonomous Database will change the role of the DBA and how the DBA will in turn improve business processes and application development.
Oracle Magazine: At the highest level, what is Oracle Autonomous Database?
Colgan: Oracle Autonomous Database combines the flexibility of the cloud with the power of machine learning to deliver data management as a service.
It will allow businesses to safely run their mission-critical database workloads on the most secure, most available, and most performant platform—Oracle Database 18c on Oracle Exadata.
Beyond Oracle Database 18c and Oracle Exadata, Oracle Autonomous Database includes machine learning and other features (or "secret sauce," if you will) to deliver this high level of service. Oracle Autonomous Database customers will simply define the service level they need and Oracle Autonomous Database will make it happen.
Oracle Magazine: How does Oracle Autonomous Database affect the role of the DBA?
Colgan: If you look at what a DBA does today, you can probably divide the tasks into two buckets: generic database and infrastructure tasks would be in one bucket and the other bucket would be more application-focused or business-focused tasks.
With the transition to Oracle Autonomous Database, the generic database and infrastructure tasks go away, because the cloud provider—Oracle—is going to take care of them. These tasks include provisioning new database systems, upgrading or patching existing databases, and making backups.
Biz2Credit 1
With Oracle Autonomous Database, applicationand business-focused DBA activities do not go away, says Maria Colgan, master product manager for Oracle Database.
Those tasks are going to go away because DBAs are simply going to select the service levels they want, and Oracle Autonomous Database will take care of it for them. But that doesn't mean the other DBA activities—the applicationand business-focused activities in that second bucket—go away.
Anything that's business-driven or application-focused is still in the hands of the DBA. These areas tend to be the ones that fall off the DBA's plate right now when DBAs focus on those more generic database and infrastructure tasks. Removing those tasks allows the rest of the DBA's world to expand.
Oracle Magazine: What kind of new or different opportunities does the self-driving database offer to DBAs?
Colgan: Oracle Autonomous Database gives DBAs an opportunity to really spread their wings and learn some new skills.
For example, we believe that DBAs working with Oracle Autonomous Database are going to become more involved with their development teams and work hand in hand with them, as well as with the business, to execute more projects, reduce backlogs, and get more value from their company's data. The DBA role will transform to include defining things such as the data model, optimizing data access, and improving end user experience. DBAs can help developers use the features that are included with Oracle Autonomous Database so that the developers can make the best use of the database technology and get their projects up and running much faster.
DBAs who are not currently experts in data modeling, security, data lifecycle management, or application tuning will have an opportunity to move into those areas.
Oracle Magazine: What can DBAs who want to plan for what's next in the autonomous database world do now?
Colgan: One of the things I'm always telling DBAs is that you need to get familiar with the features and functionality in the latest versions of Oracle Database and how to use them, and that's still the case with Oracle Autonomous Database.
DBAs need to start educating themselves on the areas I mentioned, including security, performance tuning, data modeling, and architecting a full solution with a development team. These are areas they may not currently operate in, but they're going to have to grow into them.
And when it comes to which database service a company needs, the business and the developers are going to look to the DBA to know that. Do you really need Oracle Autonomous Database based on your latest requirements? Sometimes the answer may actually be no, and a service such as Oracle Exadata Express Cloud Service might be sufficient.
As far as working with developers, DBAs should get ready to be the advocates for the features, functionality, and technology that are in the database that can improve the agility of development teams so that developers are not spending months and years reinventing the wheel in their application code.
Next Steps
LEARN more about Oracle Autonomous Database.
WATCH Oracle Autonomous Database: The Role of the DBA.
TRY Oracle Database Cloud services.
Photography by Bob Adler/The Verbatim Agency


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SUS – SATELLITE BASED WARNING SYSTEM FOR VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES
The warning system is based on data from the European Sentinel satellites from the Copernicus program, as well as climate modelling and socio-economic data. SUS recieves funding from Den Europæriske Fond for Regionaludvikling og regionale udviklingsmidler via Vækstforum Hovedstaden and Water DTU.
MOIST – Managing and Optimizing Irrigation by Satellite Tools
SEN-ET Sentinels for Evapotranspiration
SpaceAcademy@DK will bring space research into the classrooms in higher education – to ensure that Denmark educates future labor so the potential in space data and space research can be fully utilized, and on the other hand to increase recruitment to STEM programs by using the fascination power of Space. SpaceAcademy@DK receives funding from the Danish Ministry of Education and Science.


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|Main Entry:||happy as a clam|
|Part of Speech:||adj|
|Example:||Happy as a clam refers to its being dug from its bed of sand only at low tide; at high tide it is quite safe from molestation.|
|Etymology:||1830+; orig. happy-as-a-clam-at-full-tide|
|an extraordinary or unusual thing, person, or event; an exceptional example or instance.|
|a gadget; dingus; thingumbob.|
Dictionary.com presents 366 FAQs, incorporating some of the frequently asked questions from the past with newer queries.


clinical reasoning occupational therapy2
Developing Solid Clinical Reasoning Skills in Occupational Therapy
Clinical reasoning in occupational therapy is a term that gets thrown around a lot in OT school and beyond. Professors say it's something that will eventually come to you with practice and experience in the field. But, oftentimes, it's not something you get a lot of direct training on.
Clinical reasoning is most frequently addressed by practicing case studies and problem-based learning scenarios where you need to plan your response to certain clinical situations. This is helpful, but we all know that being new in a setting like a hospital with flashing lights, machines beeping, and wires everywhere isn't exactly stress-free.
This may lead to nerves, hesitation, and questioning everything you've learned. Having a solid foundation with plenty of practice will not only give you confidence in your skills but it will help you develop reasoning before you're in a sink-or-swim type of situation.
Professors may give you the evaluation and treatment knowledge you need to develop clinical reasoning, but putting them into place appropriately and at the right time is usually less cut and dried. That's why on-site experiences like fieldwork and shadowing are so crucial, because it gives us the chance to see things from the lens of a therapist rather than that of a student.
Students learn the concepts and foundations of OT in a very specific way for the first year or two of their program. But most of us can agree that, once you get to your first fieldwork setting, you quickly realize that there is a whole other type of learning that you're only beginning to dip your toes in.
That's why I like to define clinical reasoning as the marriage between those learned rudimentary OT concepts (like ROM and MMT levels) and what happens in the clinic.
Let's put it this way: you can memorize every minute detail of the Rancho Los Amigos Levels, but none of that information is going to help if you're not aware of how to use it. This is why fieldwork is such a crucial aspect of OT school. We need to go through some of those motions and begin building our clinical reasoning and judgment before we enter the field on our own.
So we know what clinical reasoning in occupational therapy is, but how exactly can we build it? Fieldwork and clinical experiences definitely help, but there are certain parts of a therapist's job that specifically encourage clinical judgment:
Activity Analysis
It may seem that activity analysis is just busy work that supervisors use to occupy students when they run out of other work for them. But this is something that truly requires practice because therapists innately use activity analysis constantly. They may not even realize it until they slow down and go through each step individually to teach students the basics.
Some patient deficits may require small tweaks, whereas others may need a lot more strengthening and training to result in independence. The only way that therapists know what their plan of care (and each treatment) must target is by breaking the task down into smaller parts. This may seem difficult, but it actually makes things much simpler by giving us a clear idea of where the issue is!
Does a patient have mostly intact motor skills but lack the cognition to appropriately sequence each step of the task? This means they will need help knowing what to do and when rather than improving their dexterity to help hold the object.
The only way we can figure this out is to pick apart even the smallest of tasks, such as brushing your teeth. An intention tremor may prevent a patient from initiating the task by picking up the brush. But if we provide a stabilizing device, then they may be able to complete the rest of the task on their own.
If we didn't identify initiation as the main issue, then we might have incorrectly assumed that the patient could not participate in the task at all. As you can see, an omission like this can change the course of the entire plan of care!
Environmental Modifications
Adapting the environment to the patient may be another result of activity analysis. Sometimes therapists will find that a distracting, unsafe, or stressful environment is the center of a patient's deficits.
An analysis may show that a patient can complete each component of an activity when they're with you one-on-one in their room. But they may freeze and get tripped up on each step if they practice the same task in a crowded therapy gym with lots of noise, movement, and activity from other patients and therapists.
clinical reasoning ot
The patient's surroundings can be altered to improve their chances of success. Use that clinical reasoning to dive into what the problem may be. It may be as simple as addressing basic safety issues like removing or affixing throw rugs and covering exposed wires in the home.
But it can also be less obvious. If there is a history of falls, does the patient have deep-set fears about this happening again and not being able to recover? Do they have an abusive family member that controls the patient's every move and prevents them from doing certain things on their own?
These may sound like social barriers but they are also environmental obstacles that should be addressed to encourage patient independence.
Upgrading and Downgrading
Once you use activity analysis and environmental modification, you may still find that the patient has issues with task completion. This may mean that it's appropriate to downgrade the task to make it a better fit for their needs or abilities. The same applies to patients who easily complete tasks right off the bat; they will benefit from a more difficult activity to challenge them and strengthen their skills.
Upgrading and downgrading is usually a big part of therapeutic activities and not necessarily functional tasks like dressing or completing hygiene tasks. However, it's sometimes appropriate for patients to participate in a "downgraded" functional task, more commonly known as task modification.
This is when therapists can make functional tasks easier for patients by training them in the use of adaptive equipment, compensatory strategies, or other techniques to improve patient performance despite the presence of certain deficits.
Improving your Clinical Judgment
Clinical reasoning is at the heart of each of these central occupational therapy concepts. While these concepts are frequently taught in OT school, there are other ways to improve clinical reasoning outside of this:
Practice, practice, practice
A good example is running through case studies and problem-based learning scenarios. We mentioned that this is often how professors teach clinical reasoning, but getting even more practice in these areas is never a bad idea.
Run through a range of scenarios, especially ones that you may not see as often in clinical settings, such as mental health or burn-related cases. This is a good way to broaden your perspective while also getting some form of experience in areas you may not otherwise have exposure to.
Get feedback
Another way to improve your clinical reasoning skills is by asking for continual feedback. Practicing is certainly important, especially if you have an answer key to refer back to. But you can't always ask for elaboration if you need more details on the rationale behind that answer.
This is why fieldwork and on-site visits are so important, because supervisors can provide real-time comments and critiques to shift your perspective. This encourages therapists to dig deeper for answers and end up with the option that's most effective, safest, and the best fit for the patient.
If you haven't taken the NBCOT exam yet, you will soon learn that coming up with the best and safest answer is a good way to problem solve those exam questions!
Use metacognition
Higher-level thinking, also called metacognition, is another process that plays a big part in our own learning. It's important to be continually aware of all the aspects that impact our patients' performance.
This doesn't mean that you need to constantly address all of a patient's deficits because this can be impossible (and counterproductive) with some low-functioning patients. But you should always strive to increase your own perspective in an effort to give patients the best care possible.
You are likely already practicing metacognition in ways such as planning and preparation for treatment sessions, assessing your own comprehension of learning materials, adjusting your plan of care when you discover something doesn't work as you thought, and monitoring your progress each step of the way.
The good news is that you're likely well on your way to developing solid clinical reasoning skills, if you haven't already! By combining your instincts with your OT training and experience, you will be able to reason your way through some of the toughest problems. Keep practicing and always be open to learning.
What is your favorite way to encourage clinical reasoning in OT? Let us know in the comments!
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Definitions for acanthosis nigricans
acanthosis nigricans, keratosis nigricans(noun)
a skin disease characterized by dark wartlike patches in the body folds; can be benign or malignant
U.S. National Library of Medicine
A circumscribed melanosis consisting of a brown-pigmented, velvety verrucosity or fine papillomatosis appearing in the axillae and other body folds. It occurs in association with endocrine disorders, underlying malignancy, administration of certain drugs, or as in inherited disorder.
Use the citation below to add this definition to your bibliography:
"acanthosis nigricans." Definitions.net. STANDS4 LLC, 2013. Web. 23 May 2013. .


Halo Alpha
Halo Alpha
CMA Arabia was a Charon-class light frigate under the command of the Colonial Military Administration.
Operational History[]
Arabia was part of Battlegroup 4 led by Captain Veredi of CMA Heracles that was sent to Harvest to find out what happened to the scout ship CMA Argo and Harvest. The battle group consisted of the destroyer CMA Heracles and the frigates Arabia and CMA Vostok. They were sent to discover the fate of the colony on the planet Harvest, where contact had recently been lost with the local populace. The battle group encountered a Covenant vessel holding station in Harvest orbit and Arabia was destroyed almost instantly by the Covenant's superior firepower. All hands were lost aboard the vessel.[1][3]
Its partner ship, Vostok, was destroyed at the same time and Heracles was forced to retreat after sustaining heavy damage.
The CMA Arabia had one meter of armor plating.[2]
 1. 1.0 1.1 Halo: The Fall of Reach - Pages 96-99
 2. 2.0 2.1 Halo: The Fall of Reach - Page 121 (Digital)
 3. Halo Wars: Genesis - Pages 1 & 2


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Audio Network-Based Massive Multichannel Loudspeaker System for Flexible Use in Spatial Audio Research
In order to provide a flexible means for exploring various spatial audio algorithms in sound field synthesis, a massive multichannel system consisting of an array of 640 loudspeakers was created. It is based on an audio network that distributes discrete audio signals to a grid of amplifiers. Given the massive size of the loudspeaker array, special means for configuring, routing, control, reliability, flexibility, redundancy, economics, and cabling had to be developed. The resulting system should prove to be a powerful tool for research various presentation formats.
Click to purchase paper or login as an AES member. If your company or school subscribes to the E-Library then switch to the institutional version. If you are not an AES member and would like to subscribe to the E-Library then Join the AES!
This paper costs $20 for non-members, $5 for AES members and is free for E-Library subscribers.


text:
muddy the waters
Confuse the issue, as in Bringing up one irrelevant fact after another, he succeeded in muddying the waters. This metaphoric expression, alluding to making a pond or stream turbid by stirring up mud from the bottom, was first recorded in 1837.
|a screen or mat covered with a dark material for shielding a camera lens from excess light or glare.|
|a scrap or morsel of food left at a meal.|
Dictionary.com presents 366 FAQs, incorporating some of the frequently asked questions from the past with newer queries.


The butterfly economy and its investment potential
investment viewpoints
The butterfly economy and its investment potential
Alina Donets - Portfolio Manager
Alina Donets
Portfolio Manager
Kristina Church - Head of CLIC™ (Sustainable) Solutions
Kristina Church
Head of CLIC™ (Sustainable) Solutions
The importance of Natural Capital within the circular economy creates a 'powerful force'. Portfolio Manager, Alina Donets and Kristina Church, Head of CLIC™ Solutions, discuss this theme and why it is a long-term investment opportunity.
1. What is natural capital and why is it important to the global economy?
Nature is the most productive asset of our economy. More than 50% of global GDP currently depends on nature. Natural capital includes all the renewable and non-renewable resources in our biosphere, including clean air and water, fertile soils and sediments, biodiversity, and finite mineral resources. Nature also provides enabling and protective services (like pollination and air filtration) that support economic processes and prevent disruption from climate change, storms, erosion, and disease. We are extracting crazy amounts of material and overexploiting nature. At the same time we are not fully harnessing the regenerative power of nature. As a result, the value of nature is declining, threatening our economies and ability to sustain the same kind of returns in the future.
2. Why does natural capital sit at the heart of the supply chains of major global sectors, and how does the degradation of nature put some of these industries at risk?
We rely on nature directly and indirectly across multiple industries.
For instance, the USD 5 trillion agricultural industry depends as much on rapidly-degrading soils, just as the forestry industry depends on forests, which are shrinking. Within the pharmaceutical industry, two-thirds of newly-developed drugs are based on or inspired by natural products. Meanwhile, the non-material value of nature supports much of the USD 9 trillion tourism industry and can account for as much as 20% of local property prices.
Unfortunately, present levels of raw material usage and consequences of human and economic activity are unsustainable and contribute to ecosystem degradation. Resulting issues like water stress or chemical pollution create substantial economic, social and environmental damage across all levels of human life.
Nature is the most productive asset of our economy - more than 50% of global GDP currently depends on nature
3. How does natural capital fit into the circular economy, and why is it a standalone investment theme, rather than part of a broader sustainability investment strategy?
At Lombard Odier, we believe that the world is embarking on a necessary transition to a Circular, Lean, Inclusive and Clean (CLIC™) economy. While the CLIC™ economy encapsulates the move to a net zero emissions economy in a fair and inclusive manner, it is first and foremost built on natural capital. The transition to a more bio-friendly CLIC™ economy is happening now and it is accelerating. Natural capital will be its most vital foundation. Global businesses are already recognising the need for transformation toward Circular and Lean operating models. Such companies tackling the challenges linked to the circular bio-economy and leaner forms of industry can now be found in listed equity markets. And just as their privately owned peers, they are seeking capital to continue innovating and building solutions. The profound metamorphosis of our linear economic framework into a new circular model is first and foremost driven by value creation and superior economics
Our Natural Capital strategy is highly complementary with our existing Climate Transition strategy. The transition to the "butterfly", circular bio-economy and net zero economy are mutually reinforcing. To achieve the net zero economy, we must first transition to a more bio-aligned economy.
Sources: 1 The current targets of the CBD (Convention on Biological Biodiversity) are the Aichi targets, which will end in 2020. 2 Task Force for Nature-related Financial disclosures. For illustrative purposes only. 3 Ellen Macarthur foundation, Towards the circular economy (2013). 4 2DS Smith (2019). 5 Nielsen. 6 PwC, Nature is to big to Fail (2020).
4. Lombard Odier's Natural Capital investment strategy combines opportunities in the transition to a leaner form of industry and investment in the bio-circular economy. Can you just explain those two elements in more detail?
Powerful forces are now pushing for this outdated linear model to evolve into a new circular economy. Policy support for nature is accelerating globally, and technology costs are falling, enabling increased investment opportunities. Consumers are also pushing for natural preservation. These forces are propelling this new economic model that prospers in harmony with nature.
Harnessing the power of nature means shifting more of our economy into the bio-based economy which is more efficient and circular. This is about greater reliance on bio-materials and increase take-up of nature-based materials across many more industries. It is also about the using waste as resource, about bioenergy, and a variety of regenerative farming, forestry and fishery practices
Preserving nature also means shifting towards greater circularity in the areas of production and consumption where substitution with bio-economy is not yet possible, as well as eliminating waste in our industrial activities. This about creating a much leaner form of industry, or in other words about more efficient use of our resources, a shift in our consumption model and about zero waste strategies.
5. At the heart of this strategy there are 4 revolutions going on. What are the four and why are they important?
The Natural Capital Investment strategy is a global equity strategy, also inspired by His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales' vision of the Circular Bioeconomy and developed in partnership with HRH's Circular Bioeconomy Alliance. The Narrative of the strategy and the targeted key sectors are based on the 10-point action plan for a Circular Bioeconomy coordinated by Marc Palahí.
We have identified four key revolutions that also form the basis for investible themes: Circular bio-economy which unlocks innovation across water, food solutions and materials, harnessing the regenerative features of nature; Resources efficiency that targets leaner forms of production through dematerialization and materials performance; Outcome-oriented approach to consumption; and Zero waste world.
The strategy is focused on identifying companies that are already profitable and well positioned to take advantage of these four unstoppable growth opportunities.
6. Is it possible to create a truly global portfolio of companies which can benefit from these opportunities?
Natural Capital is equally important to people and business regardless of their geographic location, and unfortunately it has been equally indiscriminately endangered worldwide. Especially as global supply chains today are tightly interlinked, many companies globally are already taking steps to transition to leaner business models. This opens opportunities globally for the solution providers that would enable such transition.
Equally, technological advances now allow companies to leverage the self-regenerative features of nature to create new solutions that can build the foundation of the bio-economy, which has a potential to create positive externalities. Such innovation is also not constrained geographically, and often benefits from cross-border collaborations and information flows.
We have already identified over 550 companies globally that partake in this key revolution on both ends of the butterfly model: transition to lean industries and the bio-economy. And we expect this number to grow in the future.
Many companies globally are already taking steps to transition to leaner business models
7. How does the investment process work?
The four key revolutions across Circular Bio-economy, Resource Efficiency, Eco-Awareness and Zero Waste serve as the foundation for defining the scope of the strategy's focus. The Sustainability team has performed extensive work to identify the business activities that operate in, and enable these four revolutions. The Equity research platform then pinpointed the exact list of companies operating in these businesses that also have to constitute at least 30% of the economic activity for a company. The team uses a combination of algorithmic and fundamental research to come to the investable universe of over 550 companies, focused on small to mid-cap companies globally.
After this, the portfolio manager identify the companies with potential for superior growth profiles and excess economic returns, combined with solid ESG credentials including assessment of any controversies. The result is 40-50 stock high conviction portfolio, with good diversification and focus on high quality companies.
8. Why do you believe a focussed, high conviction strategy of 40-50 positions is appropriate; does this not create a higher risk approach?
We believe around 50 companies is an optimal size of a high conviction but well balanced portfolio. A concentrated strategy allows us to leverage the internal expertise around Natural Capital developed across the Sustainability team, and effectively reflect it in the long term financial performance of the strategy with the support of the fundamental Equity and portfolio management teams. All that while still maintaining a well-diversified portfolio.
The bio-economy is potentially a more important, and an under-explored part of the next economic revolution
9. How does this strategy correlate with other sustainable investment strategies?
There is an increasing attention on and appreciation of the importance of the circular economy, leading to launches of investment strategies focused on the circularity. However, we believe this focus is not recognising the full scope of the transition that is underway. Circularity only addresses the right wing of the "butterfly" model1, essentially helping to reduce the waste of resources to alleviate the pressure on natural capital. The bio-economy is potentially a more important, and an under-explored part of the next economic revolution. We believe that our strategy is the first of its kind, effectively capturing both sides of the butterfly model, and really investing across the full scope of the natural capital revolution.
10. Why is the 'take-make waste model transition to a sustainable bio-based economy' a multi-year investment opportunity rather than just


text:
Statistics are at the end of the page.
The Plant List includes 9 scientific plant names of species rank for the genus Thujopsis. Of these 1 are accepted species names.
The Plant List includes a further 5 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the genus Thujopsis. We do not intend The Plant List to be complete for names of infraspecific rank. These are primarily included because names of species rank are synonyms of accepted infraspecific names.
The status of the 9 species names for the genus Thujopsis recorded in The Plant List, are as follows:
The status of the 14 names (including infraspecific names) for the genus Thujopsis recorded in The Plant List, are as follows:
The confidence with which the status of the 9 species names recorded in The Plant List for the genus Thujopsis, are assigned as follows:
The source of the species name record found in The Plant List for the genus Thujopsis, are as follows:
|Source of record||Accepted||Synonym||Unplaced||Unassessed||Misapplied||Total|


text:
Mobility behaviour is difficult to catch among young people, because they are more reluctant than adults to be monitored through connected devices. Even when sensing technologies are in place, collected data tells us what happened (e.g. driving style), but not why it happened (e.g. psychological conditions affecting drivers' decisions).
Ninja Riders engages young people with its cross-media suite of gameful digital tools: the youngsters are involved in innovative ideas generation via the Ninja Ideas online co-creation platform; mobility attitudes, preferences and choices are collected and analysed through the Ninja Stories psychographic app, which solicits young people to evaluate their "ninja" abilities within concrete scenarios where decision-making is influenced by personal and social contexts.
By stimulating awareness creation and encouraging personal reflection, Ninja Riders promotes a road safety culture and makes sense of attitudes and choices, thus allowing both young people and mobility stakeholders to get a deeper understanding of the why behind risky decision-making.


text:
Paint the House
- Bucket of water
- Painter's cap
- Give your child a clean paintbrush, a bucket full of water, and a painter's cap and let her paint the outside of the house, the car, or the sidewalk.
- Not only will your child feel proud of doing grown-up stuff, she will actually do something useful in the process, and get fresh air and exercise in addition.
- If your child is old enough to think that painting with water is silly, put some soap into the water and tell her she is washing the house. (In this case, you may not want her to wash the car; it could result in soap streaks.)
Copyright © 1998 by Patricia Kuffner. Excerpted from The Preschooler's Busy Book with permission of its publisher, Meadowbrook Press.
To order this book visit Meadowbrook Press.


text:
LAND SURVEYING HAND WRITTEN PLANS IN THE STOCKS OF THE MANUSCRIPT DEPARTMENT OF THE RUSSIAN STATE LIBRARY
The manuscript department of the Russian State Library is in possession of a unique collection embracing both archival materials and hand written books, music manuscript, maps. According to the make-up of the holdings of the department the cartographic materials are incorporated either into personal stocks or into the stocks of solitary additions, which hampers the search.
Hand written cartographic items in need of scholarly study, description and organization have been picked out of the unprocessed archival materials of the manuscript department. They are maps, plans, atlases, drawings, side views. The stock is stamped with subject variety since there are general geographic and topographical maps, maps and plans of universal land surveying, military maps, plans of towns and fortresses, hydrographic, historical, ethnographic maps there. They derive from the 18th century to the beginning of the 20th century. They can be held up as a marvelous aid in considering the history of the making of the Russian cartography in detail. Land surveying proprietary plans take a pride of place among the given cartographic materials.
The plans took in separate villages, cottages, waste ground. They were made chiefly on the scale of 100 sagenes in an inch (1:8400) and the generalized plans were drawn on the scale of 200 sagenes in an inch (1:16800). The plans were of interest in terms of their content, appearance, location of the elements of the design. Arable land, meadows, kitchen-gardens, rivers, roads, settlements were depicted there, the surnames of the land surveyors and in some cases the poll number of the peasants were entered. The plans were drawn in Indian ink and painted in water-colours, they were compiled between 1769 and 1910. Plans created at an earlier date were adorned with figured frame, unrolled scrolls, there were compass roses on them.
Work on the
scientific study and organization of the stock of the land surveying plans of
the Bobrinski-Sokovnins is in its infancy and it requires continuation. It is
interesting for cartographers, land surveyors, historians. Hese documents are
invaluable for the reconstruction of the history of the land-tenure in


Masks and hand sanitizer are tax deductible, IRS says
Because of a delivery bottleneck for professional face masks during covid-19 pandemic a lot of people started to organize DIY production of face masks at home. (Getty)
(NEXSTAR) — The Internal Revenue Service said on Friday that face masks, hand sanitizer and sanitizing wipes used to prevent the spread of COVID-19 are tax deductible.
According to the notice, "personal protective equipment, such as masks, hand sanitizer and sanitizing wipes for the primary purpose of preventing the spread of coronavirus" are considered deductible medical expenses.
Amounts paid for such expenses are eligible to be paid or reimbursed using flexible health spending accounts, medical savings accounts, reimbursement arrangements and other health savings accounts.
According to the IRS guidance, eligible purchases "are treated as amounts paid for medical care under § 213(d) of the Internal Revenue Code (Code). Therefore, amounts paid by an individual taxpayer for COVID 19 PPE for use by the taxpayer, the taxpayer's spouse, or the taxpayer's dependent(s) that are not compensated for by insurance or otherwise are deductible under § 213(a) provided that the taxpayer's total medical expenses exceed 7.5 percent of adjusted gross income."
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text:
PSEUDOANEURYSM OF ULNAR ARTERY - Color Doppler
A pseudoaneurysm, or false aneurysm is a confined collection of thrombus and blood adjacent to an artery with disruption of one or more layers of it. Pseudoaneurysm differ from true aneurysm in that the latter contain all three histologic layers of the arterial wall, whereas pseudoaneurysm contain less than three and often none of these layers and contained by only compressed fibrous tissue. The pseudoaneuyrsm lumen is connected to the underlying native artery by a cylindrical neck-variable in length and diameter, & shows typical blood flow in it. Pseudoaneurysm can be a complication of arterial trauma,including arterial puncture during a diagnostic angiography or interventional procedures. Both True & pseudo aneurysms forms pulsatile masses, as former is truly pulsatile,& later can only feebly shares the pulsations of native artery.
Ultrasound with color Doppler is the imaging modality of choice for this diagnosis, & here we present a case of pseudoaneurysm of ulnar artery following trauma with classical findings on color Doppler sonography.
Contributed by: Dr. Subhash Tailor, Dr. Gopal Dhakar, Radiologists, Bhilwara [Rajasthan ], India.
Case History: A 30 years old was referred for evaluation of swelling in right
forearm following a trauma.
Findings: The study was done on GE VOLUSON 730PRO color Doppler with
10 MHz high frequency linear probe. Gray scale sonogram showed a large thick walled complex pulsatile cystic mass with mobile internal echoes adjacent to right ulnar artery ( Fig 1). Color Doppler image of the same lesion showed color flow signals within it with swirling pattern, suggestive of a vascular mass, probably pseudoaneurysm. An eccentric area of focal aliasing noted near ulnar artery through which blood is seen gushing in and out, s/o neck of pseudoaneurysm which is arising from the right ulnar artery proximal to wrist (Fig 2). Turbulent flow was well demonstrated in pseudoaneurysm with the classic "ying-yang" appearance on color flow imaging (Fig 2, 3). Spectral Doppler sampling from the pseudoaneurysm neck showed the characteristic to-and-fro blood flow pattern( Fig 4). On the basis H/O trauma, USG B-mode, color & spectral Doppler findings the diagnosis of Post traumatic pseudoaneurysm of right ulnar artery suggested, which was later confirmed by angiography.
Discussion & review of literature
The definitive diagnosis of pseudoaneurysm requires detection of the neck
connecting the pseudoaneurysm with the injured artery, and identification
within this neck of the pathognomonic''to and fro'' spectral waveform pattern (Fig-4). To-and-fro flow occurs in the neck of a pseudoaneurysm due to changing pressures: at the high intraluminal pressure during systole, blood flows through the narrow neck into the aneurysm at a rather high velocity. Under the reversed pressure conditions during diastole, the blood flows back into the artery at a slightly lower flow rate. Reflux is typically turbulent ( Fig 2). The characteristic appearance of pseudoaneurysm in triplex ultrasound (B-mode combined with color and pulsed Doppler spectral analysis) include the presence of a hematoma of variable echogenicity, which may represent separate episodes of bleeding and rebleeding, expansile pulsatility and detection of turbulent flow (''yin-yang'' appearance) within the mass(Fig-3).
A false aneurysm must be differentiated from a perivascular hematoma with transmitted pulsation, but this is difficult on clinical grounds Using duplex ultrasound,an aneurysm can be differentiated from hypoechoic,
perivascular structures such as lymphnode, hematoma, seroma, or lymphocele by the depiction of to-and-fro flow, which is diagnostic of a pseudoaneurysm and requires no angiographic confirmation.
The objective of doppler imaging is to differentiate between hematomas associated with pseudoaneurysm and those that are not. Whereas hematomas resolve spontaneously, a pseudoaneurysm can potentially rupture and therefore must be identified, closely monitored and in most instances treated.
Before ultrasound enabled the precise localization of the aneurysmal neck relative to the skin surface, the treatment of choice was surgical closure. With advances in ultrasound equipment, it is now possible to occlude over 90% aneurysms by compression of the neck using color duplex imaging guidance.
Thrombosis occurs after 10–30 min of compression with success rates of 70–90% have been reported for ultrasound guided compression of pseudoaneurysm in literature, compared with 95–100% for induction of thrombosis by sonographically guided thrombin injection into the aneurysmal sac.
So to conclude color Doppler US is cost effective and reliable imaging modality to diagnose pseudoaneurysms, and can also be utilized for guided compression and thrombin therapy.
Fig 1- Gray scale imaging showing complex cystic pulsatile mass in forearm along ulnar artery with mobile internal echos in realtime
Fig-2 Color doppler imaging showing color signals within cyst & aliasing at the neck of pseudoaneurysm due to turbulent blood flow.
Fig 3- Color flow imaging showing characteristic "yin-yang" sign due to swirling
pattern of blood flow. The red and blue color flow signals due to inflow and
outflow turn of blood respectively via neck of pseudoaneurysm.
Fig 4- Duplex spectral waveform sampling in the ulnar artery pseudoaneurysm
neck demonstrating characteristic to-and-fro blood flow.
PSEUDOANEURYSM OF ULNAR ARTERY - Color Doppler Reviewed by Sumer Sethi on Thursday, May 17, 2012 Rating:


text:
New Era Michigan Real Estate
New Era is a small village located in the Shelby Township of Oceana County. New Era is almost at the precise midway point of the Hart-Montague Trail, which is a benefit to local business owners – especially during the warm seasons in which cyclists from various international locations come to visit.
New Era, MI Geography
The Village of New Era covers an area of only 0.9 square miles – all of which is land. The soil is rich and fertile and makes New Era a prime agricultural area.
New Era, MI Demographics
There are not quite 500 people living in New Era, and they are all contained within approximately 165 households. Families account for over 80% of all households in New Era. Whites account for 91.31% of the population; Hispanic/Latino races are the next largest group at 4.34%, and they are followed by '2 or more races,' which account for 2.39% of the local population and 'other races,' which make up 1.52%. Native American and Asian wrap up the population with equal representation of 0.22%. There are approximately 8% more females in New Era than males.
The New Era median household income is right at $46K, which is quite close to the median family income of $50K. Containing a much larger cap, the per capita income is about $18,500. Males tend to earn about $12K more than females on an annual basis.
New Era, MI History
New Era was founded in 1870 by Dr. Spaulding and Gilbert B. Globe. In 1872 a post office was created in the Chicago & Western Michigan Railway depot, and Gilbert Globe was the village's first postmaster. It wasn't until 1948 that New Era was officially incorporated as a village.
New Era, MI Schools
New Era only has 2 elementary schools, which both report some of the least impressive student test scores in the area. Students in higher grades must attend schools in surrounding townships and cities and many parents prefer to send their younger children to alternate elementary schools, as well.
New Era, MI Industry
The primary industry in New Era is that of agriculture – which includes fishing, hunting, lumbering and farming.


text:
Date: Around 1993
I have heard that supposed "space plane prototype" that flew over
California and Denmark, and a few other countries. I read an article which
said that it used an engine which ran on liquid methane. Is this the same as
methanol in cars? Also, is this plane's engine a Scramjet (what is this
engine about?), or what?
Methane is a gas from the same "family" that includes butane,
propane, octane, etc. Methanol is an alcohol and a liquid at room
temperature. Liquid methane is cold methane.
Click here to return to the Engineering Archives
Update: June 2012


Embedded Java with GCJ
You don't always need a Java Virtual Machine to run Java in an embedded system.
Configuring the Root Filesystem
The first thing to compile with your newly minted cross compiler is the root filesystem. The root filesystem, in this case, is compliments of BusyBox. For the uninitiated, BusyBox is a single binary that encapsulates mini versions of the most popular UNIX utilities in a surpassingly small executable. Built for people that count bytes, BusyBox has hundreds of knobs to turn to create a filesystem with the utilities you need within your desired space constraints. For the purpose of this article, we change the BusyBox configuration so that it cross compiles, leaving size optimization as an exercise for the reader.
BusyBox is a mainstay of the embedded Linux world and is maintained by Erik Anderson. One way to get BusyBox is to download it at _URL_
To create a BusyBox root filesystem, you need to invoke make menuconfig in the directory where BusyBox was untarred. The menuconfig program works just like the 2.4/2.6 menuconfig kernel configuration interface. Here's what you'll need to do to build the root filesystem.
First, select the build options. Check the Do you want to build BusyBox with a Cross Compiler? box. Fill in the prefix of the cross compiler in the input control that appears when you click this option, in this case, powerpc-750-linux-gnu-. The BusyBox build scripts concatenate the necessary tool name during compilation (gcc, ld and so on). Make sure that the compiler is on your $PATH.
Next, run make and install:
make install
BusyBox puts the newly minted root filesystem at./_install. You'll notice that BusyBox compiles in much less time than GCC.
Populating the Root Filesystem with Libraries
Almost there! The root filesystem BusyBox creates does not contain any libraries. GCJ programs require some libraries and so does BusyBox, shown in Table 1.
Table 1. Libraries Required by GCJ and BusyBox
Library FileFunction
ld.so.1Dynamically linked file loader. Invoked when the program is run, loads required libraries and performs dynamic linking.
libdl.so.2Helper functions for manipulating dynamic libraries.
libgcc_s.so.1Defines interfaces for handling exceptions.
libgcj.so.6The GCJ run-time library. Contains implementations of the standard Java library.
libm.so.6Library of math functions.
libpthread.so.0POSIX threads library.
These libraries match those used by the cross compiler. In this case, the files are stored in the $RESULT_TOP/gcc-4.0.1-glibc-2.2.2/powerpc-750-linux-gnu/powerpc-750-linux-gnu/lib (not a typo!) directory. The easiest way to get them into the root filesystem is simply to copy them:
for f in ld.so.1 lib libdl.so.2 libgcc_s.so.1libgcj.so.6 libm.so.6 libpthread.so.0 ; do
/lib
pc-750-linux-gnu-strip /lib/$f
You also need to create a folder in the root filesystem, /proc, to use as a mountpoint for the proc filesystem. Keen eyes will notice that I'm not preserving the symlinks used to accommodate different versions of the libraries—that's a shortcut typical in embedded systems where library configuration won't change over the life of the device, unlike a desktop system. Running strip greatly reduces the amount of disk space required by the files, almost by 50%.
At this point, the root filesystem can be copied to the target system into the /tmp/bbox directory. To tell the system to use this as the root filesystem, start a terminal as root and execute the chroot command:
chroot /tmp/bbox /bin/ash
This command remaps the / mountpoint into /tmp/busybox and runs /bin/ash to get a terminal. Did it work? Congratulations! You've created a complete root filesystem for an embedded system from scratch. Pat yourself on the back.
GCJ also needs the proc filesystem mounted. After the chroot, you need to remount the proc filesystem into the current root filesystem by doing the following:
mkdir /proc
mount -t proc none /proc
Although this root filesystem resides on a standard drive, the root filesystem deployed on a production embedded system wouldn't be much different. The only changes necessary would be creating inittab, so the board will run the right scripts at the start and add a /dev filesystem with the right device files for the target board.
Comment viewing options
Commission Blueprint
John Maven's picture
I compiled it and it didn't work. I repeat: it did NOT work.
Rather unfortunate.
Typographical Error
lumkichi's picture
While everyone noted the sample "hello" program does not compile as-is, I'm surprised no one expressed why but instead offered alternatives. The reason the sample program does not compile is because there are two typographical errors in it (I'm sure it was unintended - an artifact as a result of using a Word Processor such as MS Word).
Class hello {
 Static public void main(String argc[]) {
 System.out.println("hello from GCJ");
The keywords "Class" and "Static" should not be capitalized. It should look like this:
class hello {
 static public void main(String argc[]) {
 System.out.println("hello from GCJ");
The capitalization changed the keywords "class" and "static" into Object names. The compiler was trying to find a "Class.class" to make a "Class" object named "hello" and couldn't. The same with "Static."
This is a great article, and the author did a great job writing it. Unfortunately formatting the document (and the code, especially) is a bear. Just to get the code snippet above look the way is does was a lot of work - way more work than just typing.
Won't compile with gcj-4.1 on my Debian
Olivier Berger's picture
Hmmm... maybe this is not related to the specifics of embedded environment at all, but I noticed that the hello world example won't compile with "gcj-4.1 hello.class --main=hello -o hello-java" on my Debian testing system :
hello.class:1: error: Class or interface declaration expected.
Class hello {
hello.class:2: error: Class or interface declaration expected.
Static public void main(String argc[]) {
hello.class:3: error: Class or interface declaration expected.
System.out.println("hello from GCJ");
hello.class:4: error: Class or interface declaration expected.
hello.class:5: error: Class or interface declaration expected.
5 errors
Dunno what's wrong
After a quick search on the
Olivier Berger's picture
After a quick search on the net, I found that writing this way, it compiles :
public class hello {
static public void main(String argc[]) {
System.out.println("hello from GCJ");
This worked for me:class
Anonymous's picture
This worked for me:
class hello
static public void main( String argc[] )
System.out.println( "hello from GCJ" );
Notice that none of the keywords like "class" are capitalized. Also, typical naming convention for java is to call the source file hello.java and using the javac command turns the byte code into hello.class We're not using javac, so there won't be a hello.class file. So, if you name your file this way, the compile step would be:
gcj hello.java --main=hello -o hello-java
Hope this helps.
After reading this article, I
mathews's picture
After reading this article, I just realized how we can simplify our seemingly complicated problems which in fact can actually be solved very easily! It actually helps us to use GCJ which is really a part of the GCC compiler suite, in a Linux project! The advantage is that it can be code with a high-level language like Java! It gives us a detailed tutorial about its advantages and pitfalls, the host and target configuration and lastly if you are happy with what you have read, the step by step instructions to build your GCJ cross compiler! Very cool and informative read indeed!!RFID Tags
Statically linking
Dan's picture
I tried statically linking a simple "Hello, World!" program but received the following error:
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgcj
Here's the command I used to compile:
gcj -static-libgcj -o hello --main=hello hello.java
Any ideas?


salsa recipe
Mary, Mary, Quite Contrary…
Lettuce photoDo your kids know where healthy food comes from? (Hopefully they realize it's not from a convenience store or the drive-up window of a fast food restaurant!)
One of the best ways for children to learn about where the good food on your family table originates–and one of the best ways for them to learn to love it–is to grow it themselves.
Think about it: How much more likely is your daughter to eat a salad she makes herself–from ingredients she grew herself–than a salad plopped down in front of her at the table with the words, "Eat it. It's good for you"? ("I don't eat anything green," I once heard a child pronounce.)
Read more


Learner Survey Mid-Programme 2020/21
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This survey is designed to give us feedback on how you feel about the service we are providing to you.
1. What course are you studying with Nova Training? *
2. If you attend a Nova Training Centre, which centre do you attend?
3. If you are on an apprenticeship, what vocational subject are you studying?
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5. My course or programme meets my needs *
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7. I am treated fairly by Nova Training staff *
8. Lessons and training sessions are delivered in a way that helps me build on my existing knowledge, skills and behaviours *
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