text:
AWS WorkSpaces is a service provided by AWS which provides you a cloud based desktop and allow you to access it form different devices like laptops, iPad, Amazon kindle and Android Tablets using WorkSpaces Client.
Directory Service is a service provided by AWS which is fully managed Active Directory which helps you launch your windows Server (EC2) and add them to your domain which is on your premises or you can create your own Active Directory in your AWS account only.
- You can enable MFA based Authentication for more secure access.
- Highly available.
- Users can access it from different devices like iPads, Amazon Kindle etc.
- You can get WorkSpaces with windows office license with per month Subscription.
- Workspaces Clients are not there for Linux System.
- When you launch a workspace you get billed for the complete month.
Steps to create Workspaces with your on premises Active Directory.
- Create "AD Connector" and pass your Active Directory Server Details like (Organization Name, Directory DNS).
- Once that Connection is up, click on "Launch Workspaces".
- Select AD Connector created in step 1 for Active directory.
- Type in username and click on "Search" or click on "Show All Users" to display all user in that active directory.
- Select the User and click on "Add Selected"
- Select bundle according to your requirement.
- Click on "Launch WorkSpaces".
- Once your Workspace is ready then select Workspace and click on "invite user" and get the registration Code and connect with workspaces client.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Consider a square planar grid. (The vertices are pair of points in the plane with integer coordinates and two vertices are adjacent if they agree in one coordinate and differ by one in the other.)
Give every edge a length one with probability a half and length two with probability a half.
Consider a shortest path between the origin and the vertex $(n,0)$.
Show that with probability that tends to one as $n$ tends to infinity the shortest path will not contain the "middle edge" on the x-axis inbetween the orgin and $(n,0)$. (Namely, the edge between the vertices $(\lfloor\frac{n}{2}\rfloor,0)$ and $(\lfloor\frac{n}{2}\rfloor+1,0)$.)
This question is in the category of "a missing lemma". It is not really a full fledged open problem but rather a statement which looks correct that was needed in some paper and resisted proof. Of course, some such "lemmas" turn out to be very difficult, but sometimes maybe a simple argument was simply missed. The relevant paper is with Itai Benjamini and Oded Schramm: First Passage Percolation Has Sublinear Distance Variance
While MO have chosen to accept one answer, and there were some nice suggestions, the problem is still wide open.
share|improve this question
Thanks Alon, I myself cannot see the latex (it leaves the formulas uncompiled) so I prefer the plain text. – Gil Kalai Dec 23 '09 at 10:34
Nitpicking: is it "a shortest path" or "the shortest path"? Do you want to show there is a shortest path avoiding the given edge, or that all shortest paths avoid the given edge. – Boris Bukh Dec 23 '09 at 11:26
That's really a shame, Gil. Have you tried installing jsMath along with the fonts? It's not supposed to be necessary but perhaps it'll help. – Alon Amit Dec 23 '09 at 18:00
Boris, I suppose I just want to show that there is a shortest path avoiding this middle edge. Alon, jsMath? where – Gil Kalai Dec 23 '09 at 18:50
Boris: That's not nitpicky, it's actually an important point. If the distribution of passage times is continuous, then with probability one, there is a unique minimizing path between any two points. Here, since the distribution has atoms, with positive probability, there are multiple shortest paths. – Tom LaGatta Dec 26 '09 at 2:02
show 1 more comment
7 Answers
Gil: This is a type of problem that I know little about so here I am thinking out loud about problems that seem natural to ask about this situation. It is hard to believe that people have not already thought about these questions and perhaps answered them. Where would I look to find out more?
You write you are interested in a "square planar grid." So I took this to mean that you were thinking about the points of a "square grid graph" with lx1 squares as the cells that goes from (0,0) to (n,n) and where weights were going to be assigned to the edges of size 1 or 2.
The paths that you are talking about need not be constrained to move up and to the right but it might be interesting to contrast the behavior of general shortest paths with those that move up and to the right. It would also seem to be of interest to see what happens if one selects half of the edges at random and makes them all length 1 edges and makes all the others of length 2. Since there are 4n edges this means 2n are 1's and 2n are 2's. Furthermore, If we insist that paths move up and to the right, such paths all have length 2n, so "very shortest" paths would consist only on 1's.
In both settings:
a. What is the probability there is a shortest path to (n,n) consisting of all 1's?
b. What can be said about the expected value of the length of a shortest path to (n, n)? What can be said about the expected number of paths of this value?
c. When one insists that each of the two lengths appear equally often how many different ways can this happen? (One can also ask how many of these are different up to symmetry of the "colored" graph, treating the lengths as two colors.) One could count in the general case too but the up and to the right case seems more interesting here.
share|improve this answer
To whomever gave this post a negative vote: Shame on you. This post does not answer the question Gil asked, but so what? It is exploratory and raises some interesting ideas; perhaps one of those could lead to a correct answer. Posts like this are exactly what MathOverflow needs. – Tom LaGatta Dec 26 '09 at 1:57
Joe, it is a very good idea to consider paths from (0,0) to (n,n) and to consider also the case where you only go north and east. This restricted model is called "directed percolation". As far as I know the lemma is not known for directed percolation. There is one version where the distribution of edge length is exponential and you want the path of MAXIMUM length where this model is understood very well and is strongly connected to maximum eigenvalues of random symmetric matrices, largest monotone subsequences etc. – Gil Kalai Dec 26 '09 at 19:27
It may be possible that for this version (directed percolation; exponential lengths, maximum path), the detailed understanding of the model may lead to a proof of the lemma; but I am not sure even about it. (There are hopes, but no proofs for universality: that various models will behave in some sense the same way.) Strangely, I dont know the answer for a) off-hand. Nice question. – Gil Kalai Dec 26 '09 at 19:34
_USER_. I think you are wrong --- if someone read it and find it not helpful then it is right thing to vote down. (BTW, it was not me) – Anton Petrunin Jan 27 '10 at 19:37
add comment
Gil, as you said, this is one of those typical FPP problems which seems obvious but is hard to prove. What have you tried already? It'd be helpful to know of some naïve attempts which didn't work.
Here are my thoughts:
Claim: There exists non-random $\lambda$ such that, with probability one, for large n, all shortest paths between $0$ and $(n,0)$ meet $\lambda n + o(n)$ edges. (this is a LLN-type theorem so it shouldn't be hard to prove; e.g., via energy-entropy methods, since your passage time distributions are bounded)
Thus one can consider the probability space $\Omega_n$ consisting of all paths between $0$ and $(n,0)$ which meet $\lambda n + o(n)$ edges. A shortest path is a random variable $X_n$ on this space with a certain probability distribution.
Claim: There exists $\sigma$ such that $|\Omega_n| \approx \sigma^n$. (should be easy: $\log|\Omega_n|$ is probably subadditive)
Let $\Omega_n'$ be the subspace of paths which meet the middle edge, so that $|\Omega_n'| \approx \sigma^{n/2} + \sigma^{n/2}$.
Suppose that there exists $p > 0$ such that the shortest path between $0$ and $(n,0)$ meets the middle edge with probability at least $p$. (*)
Here is the part which I'm struggling to quantify. Intuitively, the distribution of $X_n$ should be smeared smoothly over $\Omega_n$. Certainly the mean is a horizontal line segment, but even paths which veer quite far away aren't unreasonable. However, if (*) holds, with probability at least $p$, $X_n$ concentrates on the much smaller subspace $\Omega_n'$. This seems wrong.
Perhaps all I've done is to translate one "obvious" statement into another. Hopefully this helps a bit. Good luck!
share|improve this answer
Tom, Interseting suggestion. I dont remember so much what we tried. At the end we managed to go around this lemma. – Gil Kalai Dec 26 '09 at 19:38
add comment
Gil, thanks for bumping this post. I think I've got a new idea for you, but it's not a proof yet. Let $\gamma_n$ be a minimizing geodesic between $(-n,0)$ and $(n,0)$, and let $\gamma^{\pm}_n$ be a minimizing geodesic betwen $(\pm n, 0)$ and the origin.
Denote by $d(\gamma_n)$ the maximal Euclidean distance from the geodesic $\gamma_n$ to the straight line path between $(-n,0)$ and $(n,0)$, and define $d(\gamma^\pm_n)$ similarly for $\gamma^\pm_n$. By the definition of the transversal fluctuation exponent $\xi$, $d(\gamma^\pm_n)$ scales like $n^\xi$ and $d(\gamma_n)$ scales like $(2n)


text:
Matsentralen Oslo is the Oslo branch of Matsentralen, a Norwegian food bank network that aims to fight food waste. Matsentralen Oslo receives food from 50 suppliers. It then distributes this food to more than 120 hunger relief charities in Oslo. In 2017, they redistributed 1270 tonnes of food, which is equal to 2.5 million meals.
A large quantity of food inventory, however, came with challenges in recording inventory accurately and quickly. All their processes were manual and required excessive paperwork.
We saw this as an opportunity for joint value-creation. TotalCtrl created two applications specifically for Matsentralen Oslo. They served as our pilot customer for our inventory solution for food banks.
For Matsentralen Oslo, this reduced time spent on inventory management. Further, it led to significant food waste savings.
Moving From Pen & Paper to Digital
Before using TotalCtrl's solution, Matsentralen Oslo recorded food donations on paper without details. They didn't specify the exact amount, weight, and brand of food they received.
Charities determined the number of designated products during checkout by weighing each pallet and recording its weight. They disregarded the contents of the pallet.
All transactions were manually recorded in Microsoft Excel by one employee. Thus, inventory management had many inaccuracies across its entire process.
The food waste management system was also faulty. Matsentralen Oslo had to keep many food products in their inventory to satisfy demand. However, most foods have a limited shelf life.
Thus, they had to get rid of their inventory before food expired to avoid food waste. Sometimes, the fluctuating nature of demand did not accommodate this.
The main challenges at Matsentralen Oslo can be boiled down to:
- Inaccuracies in recording inventory
- Manual distribution and record-keeping processes
- Wasted time
- Unpredictable supply and demand
By collaborating with TotalCtrl, Matsentralen Oslo was able to digitize its inventory management system, saving time and money.
TotalCtrl's Food Bank Solution For Matsentralen Oslo
To address inventory management challenges across the entire supply chain, we created two digital applications, one for Matsentralen Oslo and one for the charities.
The Matsentralen app helped add products to inventory through scanning or manually. This gave Matsentralen an accurate and holistic view of their inventory. Matsentralen also had access to a web dashboard, where they could edit information on charities and suppliers and download data in the form of a spreadsheet.
The charity app allowed charities to view Matsentralen's full inventory before visiting the warehouse. Charity employees and volunteers added items placed in inventory by Matsentralen Oslo into the charity's own shopping cart when they picked them up. Thus, the products were automatically deducted from Matsentralen's inventory, thus digitizing the entire process.
Matsentralen Oslo Saved Time and Money
Digitizing their entire inventory benefited Matsentralen in several ways. Thanks to TotalCtrl, they could:
- Record their inventory with precision
- Save €1,781 (NOK 17,700) each year in manual time
- Allow charities to browse their inventory and select products digitally
- Identify trends of supply and demand based on collected data
- Insert expiration dates for the products in inventory
- Save 1,428 tonnes of food, which is equivalent to 2,856,000 more meals, and 4,284 tonnes of CO2 each year
- Save €1,317 (NOK 13,100) in paper expenditure each year.
The solution had an initial set up fee of €3999 and a monthly fee of €39. Thus, the investment pays for itself in less than a two-year time.
TotalCtrl Can Help Make Food Banks Waste-Free
"As a result of the high number of products and a great deal of manual handling of the inventory, we contacted TotalCtrl for assistance with the automation of processes."Cristiano Aubert. CEO, Matsentralen Oslo
The food banks' solution can easily be implemented in other Matsentralens in Norway. The challenges food banks face are similar and the TotalCtrl solution can help digitize their inventories. By moving from manual handling of goods to digital control and automation, all food banks can save time, money, and help with the fight against food waste.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


_USER_{ietf-atommib-test-06, number = {draft-ietf-atommib-test-06}, type = {Internet-Draft}, institution = {Internet Engineering Task Force}, publisher = {Internet Engineering Task Force}, note = {Work in Progress}, url = {_URL_ author = {Kaj Tesink and Michael V. Noto}, title = {{Definitions of Tests for ATM Management}}, pagetotal = 37, year = 1999, month = dec, day = 8, abstract = {This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in the Internet community. In particular, it describes objects used for managing ATM-based interfaces, devices, networks and services in addition to those defined in the ATM MIB {[}RFC2515{]}, to provide support for the management of on-demand ATM Loopback Tests.}, }


text:
Improved water source, urban (% of urban population with access)
Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.
World Health Organization and United Nations Children's Fund, Joint Measurement Programme (JMP) (_URL_

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Portal hypertension can result in dilated abdominal veins surrounding the umbilicus (caput medusa).
Normally abdominal veins are invisible or barely visible. Loss of abdominal wall fat or increased pressure in the superior vena cava (SVC), inferior vena cava (IVC), or portal vein can make the vessels visible, particularly in the red or infrared spectrum.
The normal direction of blood flow in abdominal veins is upward above the umbilicus, and downward below the umbilicus. In portal hypertension the direction of flow is normal; in SVC obstruction, the flow is all downward; and in IVC obstruction the flow is all upward.


Tap water safety in Lecco (Italy 🇮🇹)
👎 In general, the water in Lecco is not safe to drink.
Numbeo considers this score to be "Moderate"
Scientific reports
We are working on providing you with scientific reports about the water quality in Lecco, if you know a reliable source for that feel free to shoot us a message in the chat below!
Advantages of drinking (filtered) tap water
1 adult could save about 314$ per year in Lecco by drinking tap water instead of buying bottled water.
Even though drinking water might be considered safe, if you plan to travel to Lecco, consider talking to your local contact to verify that. Old pipes could be leaking toxic material or water in that specific country could contain heavy metals or bacteria.
Explore other places in Italy
Tap water safety in all of Italy
World Health Organization (WHO)
Lonely Planet
Centers for disease control and prevention (CDC)
According to the CDC tap water is generally safe for consumption.
European Union (EU) 🇪🇺


Suzy Vance Life Coach
Memoir In 17 Syllables
Capturing and Preserving…
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Learn how to write a haiku…
 - Marriages, births, memorials, reunions, special journeys, times with friends and family, accomplishments following a collective effort…
 - Enriching a memory for the future when a loved-one's memory may fade…
With just a few key words…some precious pictures taken yesterday…a while ago…in your youth, capturing and preserving memories is possible…with a richness that never fades.
And…if you've been thinking of writing a memoir, this is a great way to begin!
how to write a haiku
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Journey Together
As you begin to create, we'll venture together through your memories to create a memoir book that captures both your most treasured photographs and learn how to write a haiku that captures those moments in time.
Contact me to schedule a group session or a personal experience all your own.
Design Your Own
If you want to create a unique journey through your memories, let me know! I welcome the opportunity to build a truly special experience for you.


text:
In mental health there has not been a consistent set of definitions that describe what is meant by an inpatient bed. This has led to difficulty in benchmarking and understanding patterns of performance.
This report seeks to address those variations of understanding by suggesting a range of definitions that can be used by commissioners and service providers.
Health and social care commissioners and service providers are focusing on the importance of quality and productivity as ways of ensuring better outcomes, improved service models and effective interventions.
Doing this requires a clearer understanding of the types of services currently provided, an understanding that is shared across the system.


!!!! Warning: If you can still read this, then please check that Javascript is activated in your web browser (otherwise this page will not function).
Fuel Consumption Unit Conversion Calculator
Convert between European, British and American fuel consumption measures: US MPG to Imperial MPG to Litres/100km.
Including Fuel Consumption Calculator (below) - uses the amount of fuel added and the distance you travelled (with optional fuel cost calculator to show cost per mile or kilometer in US Dollars, British Pounds and Euros).
Convert Your Fuel Consumption
This calculator converts between various measures of fuel consumption:
Choose the measure that you are converting from:
There are 1.200949857 US gallons to 1 Imperial (UK) gallon (US gallons are smaller). Therefore 20 miles per US gallon (less fuel) is more economical than 20 miles per imperial (UK) gallon (more fuel).
Fuel Consumption Calculator
Use this too if you know your distance and amount of fuel (and optionally your spending) and want to work out the fuel consumption that you achieved.
The best way to use this tool is: (a) Top up your fuel tank and zero your trip meter. (b) Make a trip in your car. (c) Top up your tank again, recording the amount of fuel added and the distance shown on your trip meter.
Choose the unit of volume for the fuel:
Choose the units of distance for the distance covered:
Tripmeters/odometers are inaccurate e.g. yours may show 100 miles when only 99.6 miles have been completed. That example would require a correction factor of 1.004 (100 divided by 99.6), which is 1.004, showing that you used less fuel per unit of distance than without correction. * Leave as 1.000 unless you have experimentally calculated your vehicle's correction factor and understand variation due to tyre inflation pressure and wear. If you wish to correct for refuelling measurement inaccuracy, incorporate that into the tripmeter correction factor.
Include Costs? (Optional)
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Enter your cost per unit volume or for this tank fill:
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Improve Your Fuel Consumption Now with Michelin ENERGY Tyres
© Mark Porthouse 2016


text:
(1846–1922). American public official Luke Edward Wright served as attorney general of the state of Tennessee in the 1870s. Among his other appointments, he was secretary of war under President Theodore Roosevelt from 1908 to 1909.
Wright was born on August 29, 1846, in Giles county, Tennessee. He was the son of Archibald Wright (1809–84), who served as a judge on the Tennessee Supreme Court from 1858 until he was replaced in 1865. After the American Civil War began, the younger Wright served in the Confederate Army, where he was commended for bravery. He entered the University of Mississippi in 1867 but left the next year to intern and study law in his father's office. After being admitted to the bar, Wright began practicing law in Memphis, Tennessee.
Wright served as Tennessee's attorney general from 1870 to 1878. During the yellow fever epidemic in Memphis in the late 1870s, he used his supervisory skills to help in the relief efforts. In 1900 President William McKinley appointed Wright a member of the Second Philippine Commission (also called the Taft Commission), which was established to help govern the Philippines. In 1901 he became the vice-governor of the Philippines and then served as governor-general from 1904 to 1906.
President Roosevelt appointed Wright as the first ambassador to Japan in 1906. Wright resigned the next year. In 1908 he became secretary of war under President Roosevelt, serving until Roosevelt's term ended in 1909. During his tenure Wright stressed the importance of developing the new aircraft industry. After his public service work, Wright returned to Memphis, where he died on November 17, 1922.


Archived:Why Won't My WSN Node Connect to the Network?
Updated May 4, 2021
National Instruments does not actively maintain this document.
Reported In
 - Analog Input Node for WSN
 - Strain/Bridge Node for WSN
 - Serial Interface Node for WSN
 - Thermocouple Input Node for WSN
 - WSN-9791
 - WSN-9792
 - RT Controller with Integrated Gateway for WSN
 - NI-WSN
Issue Details
I have a wireless sensor network (WSN) node that is consistently indicating that it is trying to connect to a network and is not returning any data. Why won't the node connect to the network?
A node may fail to connect to the network for a variety of reasons. Use the following guide to help troubleshoot this problem:
 1. Make sure that the node has been added to the gateway.
In order for a node to connect to a network, the gateway must expect it to be a member. It is possible that the node has not been properly added to the gateway in MAX. Also check that your configuration settings have been applied. For more information on how to add a node to the gateway, refer to Start»All Programs»National Instruments»Wireless SensorNetwork 1.0»Configuring WSN in MAX.
 1. Verify that the node is in communication range of an available gateway or router.
It is possible that the node is simply not able to communicate with the gateway or any routers. The node's outdoor range is up to 300 m for American models. Europe/Asia models have an outdoor range up to 150 m. Make sure that the node is within this distance to its desired parent. Also keep in mind that even though the nodes have this listed specification, it is possible for sources of interference to significantly limit this range. If possible, first place the node close to its parent and allow it to connect, then move it to its desired location and see if it can maintain its connection.
 1. Verify that your network configuration properly avoids the possibility for a stranded node.
Gateways and routers can only facilitate the communication of 8 end nodes at a time. If your network contains more than 8 end nodes, it is possible for some of them to become stranded and fail to join. For more information on how to prevent stranded nodes, refer to pg. 15 the NI WSN-9791 Ethernet Gateway user manual or page 22 of the NI 9792 WSN Real-Time Gateway user manual.
 1. Make sure the node is not searching on the wrong channel.
If a node was previously connected to a network on a different communication channel it may still be attempting to join on that channel. To ensure that this is not an issue, hold the Communication Button on the node for at least 5 seconds to allow it to restart the connection process.
 1. Check that the node is not simply asleep.
After failing to join a network, an end node will sleep before trying to reconnect. This is done to help conserve power. The node will sleep an increased amount of time between failed attempts. The nodes use the Fibonacci sequence (1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55) to determine wait times. The nodes can wait up to 55 minutes between connection attempts. As result the end node may simply be asleep and may not be actively trying to join the network. To force joining attempts from the node, either hold down the Communication Button on the node for at least 5 seconds or press the Reset button.
 1. Check that other nodes that have not been added to the gateway are not currently trying to connect.
Connection problems can occur if multiple nodes are attempting to connect to the network but are not being allowed by the gateway because they have not been added in MAX. When this happens, there is a chance that nodes that are permitted to join will not be able to. This problem should resolve itself eventually on its own. However, the best way to prevent this behavior is to ensure that all of your nodes have either been added to the gateway in MAX or have been powered down.
 1. If after verifying the above the node still will not connect, it may have incompatible or corrupt firmware.
It is possible that the node firmware is incompatible with the gateway or is corrupt. It is also possible for a user-created program running on the node to prevent the node from communicating regularly. This will cause the node to drop from the network and can prevent it from rejoining. To resolve this problem, reset the node to its factory firmware by pressing and holding the Reset button for at least 5 seconds. The node should then reconnect and allow the appropriate firmware to be reinstalled.


text:
Charges: Manslaughter x 1.
Case type: Sentence.
Facts: The defendant and deceased were in a relationship for 2 years. There was a history of arguments, physical violence and cannabis and methylamphetamine use (-). On the day of the offence, the defendant and deceased argued for 3 hours, during which the defendant tried to leave the house, and the deceased dragged her back inside (). The defendant stated in later interviews that the deceased would not let the defendant leave and goaded her into stabbing him (). By the time the police attended, the defendant had stabbed the deceased (-).
Issues: Sentence to be imposed.
Decision and Reasoning: Hollingworth J imposed a head sentence of 7 years' imprisonment with a non-parole period of 4 years ().
Her Honour had regard to the fact that the defendant had a limited criminal history and displayed some evidence of post-traumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder (). Her Honour also reduced the sentence for the defendant's early guilty plea: the defendant was charged with murder but pleaded guilty to manslaughter a month before her trial was due to begin (, ). The defendant displayed remorse for her actions () and had begun counselling in custody ().


text:
Gestational Period Depends on Structure of Placenta: Research
WEDNESDAY Nov. 17, 2010 -- The structure of the placenta influences the relatively long nine-month pregnancy in humans, researchers say.
In their study, the investigators found that babies grow twice as fast in the wombs of some mammals compared to others and that the difference in growth rate is due to the structure of the placenta and the way it connects the mother and baby.
The more intimate the connection between the mother and the fetus, the faster the baby grows and the shorter the pregnancy, said the researchers at Durham and Reading universities in England.
Human placentas do not form the complex web-like structure seen in animals such as dogs and leopards, which helps explain why humans have longer pregnancies, the study authors explained.
The researchers looked at 109 mammal species and found that the placenta in some species is "highly folded," resulting in a larger surface area that increases the rate at which nutrients are passed from the mother to the baby.
"This study shows that it is not necessarily the contact with maternal blood which determines speed of growth, but the extent to which the tissues of mother and baby are 'interlocked,' or folded, with one another," lead author Dr. Isabella Capellini said in a Durham University news release.
"In humans, the placenta has simple finger-like branches with a relatively limited connection between the mother's tissues and those of the fetus, whereas in leopards, for example, it forms a complex web of interconnections that create a larger surface area for the exchange of nutrients," she explained.
The study findings are published in the current issue of the journal American Naturalist.
The U.S. National Library of Medicine outlines fetal development.
Posted: November 2010


text:
Dynamics of chevron structure formation
Shalaginov, A.N., Hazelwood, L.D. and Sluckin, T.J. (1998) Dynamics of chevron structure formation. Physical Review E, 58, (6), 7455-7464. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.58.7455).
Full text not available from this repository.
The natural structure for smectic-A liquid crystals arranged in a sample with homogeneous boundary conditions is the so-called bookshelf structure with uniform layers perpendicular to the sample cell plane. However, this structure often deforms into the so-called chevron structure when the sample is cooled. This deformation is usually thought to result from the mismatch between bulk and surface layer thicknesses. In this paper we study the dynamics of chevron formation. Two possible scenarios are envisaged. In one of these there is strong coupling between layer deformation and fluid flow, and in the other the fluid essentially does not move. In this paper we examine the first scenario, leaving the second, slower relaxation mode for another paper. Analytic solutions are found for near-critical deformations, and numerical solutions are found beyond the critical regime.
|Digital Object Identifier (DOI):||doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.58.7455|
|Subjects:||Q Science > QA Mathematics
Q Science > QC Physics
|Divisions:||University Structure - Pre August 2011 > School of Mathematics > Applied Mathematics
|Date Deposited:||12 Mar 2007|
|Last Modified:||31 Mar 2016 11:54|
|RDF:||RDF+N-Triples, RDF+N3, RDF+XML, Browse.|
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text:
Efficient Video Similarity Measurement and Search
CALIFORNIA UNIV BERKELEY DEPT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER SCIENCES
Pagination or Media Count:
The amount of information on the world wide web has grown enormously since its creation in 1990. Duplication of content is inevitable because there is no central management on the web. Studies have shown that many similar versions of the same text documents can be found throughout the web. This redundancy problem is more severe for multimedia content such as web video sequences, as they are often stored in multiple locations and di erent formats to facilitate downloading and streaming. Similar versions of the same video can also be found, unknown to content creators, when web users modify and republish original content using video editing tools. Identifying similar content can bene t many web applications and content owners. For example, it will reduce the number of similar answers to a web search and identify inappropriate use of copyright content. In this dissertation, we present a system architecture and corresponding algorithms to e ciently measure, search, and organize similar video sequences found on any large database such as the web. We rst introduce a class of randomized algorithms, called ViSig, to estimate video similarity. The basic idea is to summarize each video sequence into a small set of video frames, or a signature, that is most similar to a set of prede ned random images. Theoretical and experimental results show that video similarity can be reliably estimated by the ViSig method. Even though a small signature is su cient to estimate similarity, each frame in the signature is represented by a high-dimensional vector. Similarity search on a large database of high-dimensional vectors is a challenging problem from a computational viewpoint. To solve this problem, we propose a novel non-linear feature extraction technique that can be used in a fast similarity search system.
- Computer Systems
- Radio Communications


text:
Keep Perkins Quality. Keep Perkins Strong.
Vote FOR Perkins' Schools on May 2nd!
- Perkins Schools' operating levy on the May ballot is 6.9-mill levy to fund day-to-day operating costs for our schools.
- Perkins Schools has not had a new operating levy in 17 years. Even with passage of this levy, Perkins Schools will continue to look for responsible cost efficiencies to stretch operating dollars as long as possible.
- State funding reductions to Perkins Schools have resulted in the loss of millions of dollars for Perkins Schools. The Governor's recent proposed budget reflects an additional reduction in Perkins' state core funding for next year of more than 4%.
- Perkins teachers and staff have not had a base salary increase since 2008, and in the last few years – the district has eliminated more than forty teaching, administrative, and classified positions to reduce salary and healthcare costs.
- The State of Ohio has placed Perkins Schools under fiscal caution status, and a state audit is underway to make recommendations for additional reductions.
- This levy funding is critically needed to maintain Perkins' quality of education, including:
- Ensuring students have access to up-to-date courses, learning technology, and classroom materials so they
are prepared for college and good jobs.
- Continuing to offer gifted and advanced placement courses to students.
- Paying for fuel and bus services to ensure that reliable and safe transportation is available to students
throughout the community.
- Providing enough counselors, tutors, and nurses to support students' needs.
- Without this levy, our schools will have to cut dozens more teachers and staff, and make drastic cuts to programs, courses, transportation, and other student services.
- The Board of Education has reduced the millage amount in an effort to be responsive to the residents' input.The cost of this levy is less than $5 a week or about $20 a month per $100,000 of property value ($20.13/month or $4.65/week).
Paid for by Citizens for Perkins Schools, c/o Sally Burger, Deputy Treasurer, 4707 Hayes Avenue, Sandusky, OH 44870


How to document the scene following a car crash
| Jan 7, 2021 | Personal Injury
A New York car crash may leave you reeling, but the actions you take right afterward may have a big impact on the outcome of your case, should it go to court. The more you do to document the crash scene and gather evidence that supports your side, the better, and there are some important steps to take when doing so.
According to Edmunds, once you exchange information with any drivers involved in the crash or any witnesses who were on the scene, you should start taking pictures of the crash site and vehicles involved.
What to photograph
When documenting the crash scene, use your cellphone to take pictures. In addition to photographing your vehicle and any damage it suffered during the wreck, take pictures of any obstructions, conditions or other hazards in the roadway or near it that may have played a role in your crash.
You should also take photos from multiple angles. Start about 10 feet away from your car or truck and then work your way toward it, snapping pictures along the way. Make sure, too, to zoom in close on any damage done to your vehicle during the crash.
When to photograph
It is wise to photograph the scene anytime you find yourself involved in a crash that warrants exchanging information. It is also wise to do so even when you believe you might be at fault. The images you snap may provide evidence of other factors that may have contributed to the crash, potentially reducing your liability.
Assessing safety should always be the first step following a car crash. Once you determine that there are no serious injuries, move forward with documenting the scene.


The Lab Experiment #03: Using the Camera Shake Correction Function and Auto High Sensitivity
#2: Using auto high sensitivity
In #1:, we saw that using the "camera shake correction function" helped reduce camera shake.
"Auto high sensitivity (AUTO-HI)*1" helps minimize the effects of the other type of blurring - "motion blur."
How is the ISO sensitivity "AUTO-HI" setting different than the "AUTO" setting? What sorts of scenes are best for the "AUTO-HI" setting? We did a bit of experimentation with this setting together with the camera shake correction function.
*1. Some models do not include this function. Refer to the product manual for more information.
The relationship between ISO and shutter speed
As you can see in the picture above, doubling the ISO value also doubles the shutter speed.
The maximum value for the CX2 ISO [AUTO] setting is 200, but [AUTO-HI] lets you set the maximum to 400, 800, or 1600, which makes it easier to find the right settings for various scenes.
We decided to take a closer look at some scenes where you might want to speed up the shutter speed, such as scenes with moving subjects or dim lighting.
Scene 1
Scene 2
Scene 3
When you're taking photos of children or pets, like the subjects in scenes 1 and 2, pictures can end up blurry when the subject moves - even when you use a tripod. AUTO-HI, though, increases shutter speed and reduces blurring.
Although the subject in scene 3 is stationary, the dark lighting makes it difficult to prevent camera shake even with camera shake correction. By using AUTO-HI, we were able to speed up the shutter speed and get a good, un-blurred shot without a tripod.
You can select fixed ISO values, but it's difficult to choose a specific value if you're not fully accustomed to using the camera. AUTO-HI, which automatically chooses the optimal ISO in the maximum setting range based on the light intensity of the environment, proved to be an extremely useful function.
See below for more setup information.
* Focal lengths are equivalent to those of 35mm film cameras.
ISO AUTO-HI Settings
You can adjust the AUTO-HI (auto high sensitivity) ISO maximum from "ISO Sensitivity" on the shooting menu.
Display the setup menu
- Refer to page 166 of the user's guide for operation procedures.
Press the ADJ./OK button ▼ to select the ISO AUTO-HI setting, and then press the ▶ button.
Press ▲▼ to choose a setting.
Press the ADJ.OK button.
If the ISO level is set too high, the image might become grainy.
#1: The camera shake correction function #2: Auto high sensitivity The Report to the Director


Mercedes-Benz Museum in Baden-Württemberg, Germany - get details, & find more attractions to visit nearby
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Mercedes-Benz Museum
Mercedesstraße 100, 70372 Stuttgart, Germany
Notable Architectures
About Mercedes-Benz Museum
Covers the history of the Mercedes-Benz brand and the brands associated with it. The museum contains more than 160 vehicles, some dating back to the very earliest days of the motorcar engine.
Attractions near Mercedes-Benz Museum
Wilhelma2.61km from Mercedes-Benz Museum
Spread in an area of about 30 hectares (0.30 km2), it houses around 11,500 animals from around the world composed of roughly 1,200 species and roughly 6000 plants from all climates. Wilhelma receives gorilla juveniles rejected by their mother and reared by the zookeepers. At age 2-3, the gorillas are sent back to their original zoo(s).
Built by King William I of Württemberg to house the remains his second wife, Catherine Pavlovna of Russia. The remains of William I, Catherine, and their daughter Maria Friederike Charlotte, are housed in the mausoleum.
New Palace3.98km from Mercedes-Benz Museum
18th-century Baroque palace and is one of the last large city palaces built in Southern Germany. Public tours of the building are only permitted by special arrangement, as the building contains some government offices. The palace is located in Schlossplatz, the largest square in Stuttgart.
Old Castle4.16km from Mercedes-Benz Museum
The castle, dating back to the 10th century was originally surrounded by water. It was the residence of the Counts and later some Dukes of Württemberg. King Charles I of Württemberg and his wife Olga are buried beneath the castle church.
Fernsehturm Stuttgart4.82km from Mercedes-Benz Museum
A 216.61 m (710.7 ft) telecommunications tower. It is the first telecommunications tower in the world constructed from reinforced concrete, and it is the prototype for many such towers worldwide.
Porsche Museum7.86km from Mercedes-Benz Museum
With a display area covers 5600 square metres, it features over 80 exhibits, many rare cars and a variety of historical models.
Where is Mercedes-Benz Museum
Discover more attractions in Baden-Württemberg, where Mercedes-Benz Museum is located
Baden-Württemberg50 attractions
Germany's third largest state. Most of the major cities of Baden-Württemberg straddle the banks of the Neckar River, which runs downstream (from southwest to the center, then northwest) through the state past Tübingen, Stuttgart, Heilbronn, Heidelberg, and Mannheim.


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Issue No.07 - July (2006 vol.28)
pp: _PHONE_
R. Paredes, Dept. de Sistemas Informaticos y Computacion, Univ. Politecnica de Valencia
E. Vidal, Dept. de Sistemas Informaticos y Computacion, Univ. Politecnica de Valencia
In order to optimize the accuracy of the nearest-neighbor classification rule, a weighted distance is proposed, along with algorithms to automatically learn the corresponding weights. These weights may be specific for each class and feature, for each individual prototype, or for both. The learning algorithms are derived by (approximately) minimizing the leaving-one-out classification error of the given training set. The proposed approach is assessed through a series of experiments with UCI/STATLOG corpora, as well as with a more specific task of text classification which entails very sparse data representation and huge dimensionality. In all these experiments, the proposed approach shows a uniformly good behavior, with results comparable to or better than state-of-the-art results published with the same data so far
Prototypes, Computer errors, Neural networks, Training data, Computer Society, Text categorization, Nearest neighbor searches, Pattern classification, Degradation,gradient descent., Weighted distances, nearest neighbor, leaving-one-out, error minimization
R. Paredes, E. Vidal, "Learning weighted metrics to minimize nearest-neighbor classification error", IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis & Machine Intelligence, vol.28, no. 7, pp. _PHONE_, July 2006, doi:10.1109/TPAMI.2006.145
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understanding why public health is needed
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understanding why public health is needed
Part 1: 100 words give an opinion of each reading with reference
 Disease entities should be listed as official causes of death
How would your choice affect public health and how we track disease?
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understanding why public health is needed. Hello class, as I went over this week's lesson there were many different things to learn about in public health and the understanding of why public health is needed throughout the world is very important. We live in a world with many different diseases and many different causes of deaths whether it be diseases, illnesses, or accidents but it is vital to know what causes it and how in the future to prevent it and what steps to take so it may not happen to others. Those who work with Public Health helps keep the health of the population by monitoring, regulating, and promoting the great significance of health in general.
I chose to speak on topic one and I think it is extremely important that disease entities be listed as the official causes of death. According to Hucklenbroich (2014) it is the concept of disease entity that is the key importance for understanding medical pathology and theory of disease. Disease entity is placed in a category where it offers the explanation of the individual cases of being ill and for the practical purpose of the diagnosis. The word 'disease' is designated for the whole course of the individual case from the beginning or the first cause to its outcome in contrast to single manifestations, symptoms, or findings in the case (Hucklenbroich, 2014). When using 'disease entity' it helps designate the type or pattern to which the disease belongs. It is believed that the system of disease entities fulfills two principles which are the Principle of completeness and Principle of unambiguousness (Hucklenbroich, 2014).
understanding why public health is needed
Hucklenbroich, P. (2014, December). Disease entity as the key theoretical concept of medicine. The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy: A Forum for Bioethics and Philosophy of Medicine, Volume 39, Issue 6, 1, Pages 609–633, _URL_
Hartlaub, P., Swain, G.R., Ward, G. K. (2005, February). Death certificates: let's get it right. Am Fam Physician. 71(4): 652, 655-656. Retrieved from _URL_
Part 2 100 words given an opinion of the reading with reference
To continue to track trends in death rates, underlying causes of disease entities should be listed on death certificates because there can be underlying causes for example lung cancer if the person smoked tobacco, but not all forms of lung cancer are caused by smoking so there should be an unknown or if known the reason could be included.
For public health tracking and programming for prevention and understanding if current methods are working are a valid reason for putting this information on death certificates. It is understandable that the appearance of this information on the death certificate could appear that people are blamed but the reality is the information would be used to further the overall health of the population.
There is discussion around documenting neurodegenerative diseases on death certificates as primary reasons of death due to the multilayers of neurodegenerative diseases that makes listing
the cause of death difficult (Marian, 2017). Most of the death certificates reviewed did not mention the neurodegenerative disease, death was typically acute (Marian, 2017). Further discussion was around how diseases that brought people to hospitals were complicated by sepsis and this may or may not be reflected on death certificates (Govindan, 2014). It is the belief of researchers that record keeping is the same worldwide and needs to be improved.
Govindan, S. (2014). Death Certificates Underestimate Infections as proximal causes of death in
the U.S.. PLoS ONE, 1-4.
Marian, M. (2017). Death certificate data and causes of death in patients with parkinsonism.
Parkinsonism & Related Disorders, 99-103.
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text:
tiny white flies when cutting the grass on the lawn
Early morning when cutting the grass tiny and I mean tiny white flys by the hundreds maybe thousands fly off the grass leaves. Are these called "White flys" and if so what do you use to get rid of them. I would assume they are laying eggs in the grass. Are they harmful to the grass or just bothersome.


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Sign for stagnant/unmaintained swimming pools that have been treated by the Health Department to help prevent mosquitos:
The City of Richardson responds to complaints of stagnant swimming pools. The stagnant water in abandoned, unmaintained swimming pools typically contain algae/nutrients that female mosquitos value when choosing a site to lay eggs.
Health Department staff treat stagnant swimming pools with larvicide to prevent mosquito eggs from developing into adults. The extended release larvicide we use is effective for up to 150 days and does not affect other species of wildlife. These treated locations are identified with this sign posted nearby, most likely on the fence around the swimming pool.


ventures in Globetrotting
Nomad Notions
Sojourners' Journal
Middle East by Midwest
Observations and Experiences of Bahrain
Ex(pat) and the City
ISR Discussion Boards
Teaching & Traveling
The Life of An International Teacher
Teaching in Brooklyn in Spite of Everything
Actively Dying
by Peter Fall Ranger
Practicing Presence
An attempt at mindfulness in life, learning, and love
by Aleya Kassam
Words Half Heard
writing into meaning
Cultivate Clarity
creative writing and mindfulness-based coaching, workshops, and retreats
Crawling Out of the Classroom
writing into meaning
Purpose, Perspective, and Perseverance for thriving in a challenging world
Taking the journey, bumps and all
jenny's lark
the beauty of an ordinary life
Nonlinear Compilations
talk from chalk
What I've learned while teaching
Thoughtful teaching
Thoughts on teaching in the modern world.
Hope, Honor, and Happiness
Secret Teacher
Life inside the primary classroom
A Confederacy of Spinsters
Sex, Dating, and Surviving Your Twenties
Miss Four Eyes
Seeing twice as much absolutely counts as a super power.
writing into meaning


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Last Name
Search Results to Kourosh Rezania
One or more keywords matched the following properties of Rezania, Kourosh
overview Kourosh Rezania, MD, is an expert in electromyography and neuromuscular diseases. He is particularly interested in the evaluation and treatment of a broad range of diseases that include peripheral neuropathies, metabolic myopathies, myasthenia gravis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Dr. Rezania is also an active researcher and teacher. Currently, he is conducting clinical trials on ALS.
One or more keywords matched the following items that are connected to Rezania, Kourosh
Search Criteria
 - Muscular Diseases


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Pioneering research and development on the TruScreen system for real-time cervical tissue differentiation has involved close collaboration with leading clinicians and hospitals across the world.
TruScreen's development began in the late 1980s under the guidance of leading medical academics from Sydney University who sought to establish objective technology that could improve on the conventional Pap test. They believed that it should be possible to distinguish between normal and abnormal tissue by measuring changes in physical properties, such as electrical potential.
After almost 20 years in the R&D phase TruScreen was developed using the 'Opto Electrical' Technology for the detection of cancerous cells on cervix. TruScreen contains a sophisticated algorithm framework that has been developed in collaboration with the Australian Government's applied research division, CSIRO.
TruScreen has been honoured with a range of technology and engineering awards, such as the Australian Design Awards in 2002 for engineering design and a further award for software electronics design. TruScreen was also highlighted in the 2004 Australian Government publication 'Imagination – 100 Years of Bright Ideas in Australia'.
The TruScreen system has a strong range of patents across many countries for its real-time tissue classification from signal inputs using proprietary algorithms.


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POTIPHAR () or POTI-PHERAH ():
Name of an Egyptian officer. The form "Potiphar" is probably an abbreviation of "Potiphera"; the two are treated as identical in the Septuagint, and are rendered Πετρεφῆς or Πετεφῆς. "Poti-phera" is the Hebrew rendering of the Egyptian "P'-di-p'-R'" = "He whom Ra [i.e., the sun-god] gave." This name has not been found in Egyptian inscriptions; but names of similar form occur as early as the twenty-second dynasty.
Potiphar was the Egyptian officer to whom Joseph was sold (Gen. xxxvii. 36, xxxix. 1). He is described as a "saris" of Pharaoh, and as "captain of the guard" (Hebr. ). The term "saris" is commonly used in the Old Testament of eunuchs; but occasionally it seems to stand in a more general sense for "court official," and sometimes it designates a military officer (II Kings xxv. 19; comp. ib. xviii. 17; Jer. xxxix. 3, 13). The second title, "captain of the guard," is literally "chief of the slaughterers," and is interpreted by some to mean "chief of the cooks" (comp. I Sam. ix. 23, 24, where = "cook"). The former is much the more probable meaning here, and is supported by the closely corresponding title ( ) of one of the high military officers of Nebuchadnezzar (II Kings xxv. 8, 10; comp. Dan. ii. 14). Nothing, however, of this office is definitely known from Egyptian sources.
Poti-pherah was a priest of On (Heliopolis), whose daughter Asenath became the wife of Joseph (Gen. xli. 45, 50; xlvi. 20). See also Joseph.


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Biology Sponsored by
In a recent study from the University of Minnesota, published in the Journal of Natural Resources & Life Sciences Education, researchers examined the effects of UV on bryophytes. According to report, although they generally are not used in undergraduate studies, an inquiry-based laboratory exercise for introductory students implemented a controlled experiment to investigate effects of increased ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure on the bryophyte liverwort gemmae. This exercise integrated the impacts of climate change on plant populations with experimental design and liverwort ecology.
According to the American Society of Agronomy, the researchers believe that studying the effects of UV radiation on bryophytes can help understand its impacts on crops, ecological systems and humans. Since plants to not have the same ability to move out of direct harm from UV radiation, they have developed a variety of systems to reduce its impacts through evolution. As bryophytes were the first plants to emerge from aquatic life, they represent a key link in this evolution.
Since the exercise was geared more toward the development research and testing skills in students, specific results were not discussed. However, the concept could be very relevant to skin care researchers and sun product developers.


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Definitions For Great Lakes Water Withdrawal Registration
For purposes of implementing the Great Lakes Water Conservation and Management Act, the following definitions are applicable for registering water withdrawals and losses.
- Facility is one or more pieces of water withdrawal equipment at the same site, including but not limited to any place of business, farm, factory, industrial or commercial site, institution, structure, open land, vessel, or rolling stock, where water is withdrawn for any purpose.
- Agriculture is the practice of farming on a farm for crops, plants, vines and trees; and the keeping, grazing or feeding of livestock for sale as livestock or livestock products.
- Farm is an agricultural business that may be composed of up to 25 non-contiguous parcels of land within a radius of 40 miles that are under the ownership or control of the same person.
- Water withdrawal is a withdrawal of surface or ground water from the Great Lakes Basin of 100,000 gallons per day averaged over 30 consecutive days.
- Water loss means the consumptive use of Great Lakes water, or the diversion of water out of the Great Lakes Basin, or both.
- Consumptive use is a use of water that results in a failure to return any portion of the amount withdrawn to the Great Lakes Basin.
- Interbasin diversion is a transfer of water out of the Great Lakes Basin through any mechanism such as a pipe or canal and including a change in ground water flow caused by pumping.
- Great Lakes Basin is shown in a map along with a list of basin communities in Appendix A of the Great Lakes Water Withdrawal Registration Program Handbook.


CNS Academy
CNS Academy is a methodological unit created to share skills and knowledge in various areas, not only for professionals but also for family members, caregivers and general public, integrated in the Neurological Campus (CNS).
This sharing reconciles the clinical activity with the instruction investment and the initiatives construction, especially in the neurological diseases field, such as congresses, courses, workshops and educational presentations, with the ultimate goal of improving the healthcare provided to patients.
The CNS Academy's main purpose is to plan and develop academic and educational intervention strategies, which should prepare and consolidate the most diverse learning, namely in Parkinson's Disease, but also other Movement Diseases, Alzheimer's and several neurological diseases.


Eva Zmazek: Strong edge geodetic problem on grids
Date of publication: 28. 11. 2020
Discrete mathematics seminar
Torek, 1. 12. 2020, ob 10:15, na daljavo
Povzetek. Let G=(V(G),E(G)) be a simple graph. A set S ⊆ V(G) is a strong edge geodetic set if there exists an assignment of exactly one shortest path between each pair of vertices from S, such that these shortest paths cover all the edges E(G). The cardinality of a smallest strong edge geodetic set is the strong edge geodetic number of G. In this talk, the strong edge geodetic problem is studied on the Cartesian product of two paths.
Povezava do seminarja:
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Meeting ID: _PHONE_ 4184


jQuery.isNumeric in jQuery 1.7
As mentioned in my previous post that jQuery 1.7 is released and ready to use. With jQuery 1.7, a new function is introduced which is called "isNumeric()". This is a very handy and small utility introduced in 1.7.As the name of the function clearly suggest that it checks whether the passed value is numeric or not. If it is numeric then it returns true, otherwise false.
This function is really useful as it also returns true for negative numbers, decimal numbers, octal integer, Hex numbers and exponential strings. It saves lots of line of your codes and you don't have to worry about the regular expression as well to validate the number.
$.isNumeric("-10"); // true
$.isNumeric(16); // true
$.isNumeric(0xFF); // true
$.isNumeric("0xFF"); // true
$.isNumeric("8e5"); // true (exponential notation string)
$.isNumeric(3.1415); // true
$.isNumeric(+10); // true
$.isNumeric(0144); // true (octal integer literal)
$.isNumeric(""); // false
$.isNumeric({}); // false (empty object)
$.isNumeric(NaN); // false
$.isNumeric(null); // false
$.isNumeric(true); // false
$.isNumeric(undefined); // false
See live Demo and Code.


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Engaging Absent Fathers: Lessons from Paternity Establishment Programs
Maya Rossin, Columbia University
I provide the first comprehensive analysis of the causal effects of in-hospital voluntary paternity establishment (IHVPE) programs on paternity establishment and consequent family structure and well-being. Using variation in the timing of IHVPE initiation, I show that IHVPE programs increase paternity establishment rates by 38 percent, and reduce the likelihood of parental marriage post-childbirth. The decrease in marriage leads to positive selection into samples of both married and unmarried fathers, providing evidence for an increase in the marriage threshold in father quality. Accounting for selection out of marriage, there is some indication of a net reduction in father transfers: private health insurance provision for children declines, while maternal labor supply increases. On the whole, measures of child welfare such as total family income and child mental and physical health are unaffected, although children's access to preventative care declines. I perform numerous robustness checks to support the validity of my findings.
Presented in Session 2: Men's Roles in Families and Relationships


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Educational Resources
Meal Worms
Why feed worms to the birds? Because so many birds eat insects naturally, feeding meal worms to the birds seems like a natural thing to do.
What are meal worms? Meal worms are the larvae of the beetle Tenebrio molitor. This larvae stage typically lasts for 10 weeks.
Birds such as chickadees, bluebirds, wrens and woodpeckers will eat meal worms if they are placed in a feeder accessible to the birds. Because meal worms can crawl, it is best to place them in a feeder where they cannot crawl out.
A bluebird feeder (shown here) works well for feeding meal worms to smaller birds. Any feeder that has smooth sides and can be easily accessed by the birds can be used as a meal worm feeder. A simple tray or platform can also be used, but, it is possible that the worms will crawl out. Placing the worms in a shallow bowl in the middle of the tray may help. Birds typically look for food around the same time each day, so worms can be placed in a tray daily around that time.
Meal worms can be purchased and kept for weeks at 40 - 50 degrees F. For longer storage they should be placed in bran flakes, wheat bran or corn meal in a container having air holes. A potato or apple slice should be kept in the container for the worms to use as a moisture source.
To maintain the larvae in a state of dormancy, they must be refrigerated at 40 to 50 degrees F (lower temperatures can kill the larvae).
You can get a lot of enjoyment from watching birds eat meal worms, and the meal worms are quite a treat for the birds!
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ArtsAutosBooksBusinessEducationEntertainmentFamilyFashionFoodGamesGenderHealthHolidaysHomeHubPagesPersonal FinancePetsPoliticsReligionSportsTechnologyTravel
A Short Comparison of Two Different Genres
Updated on May 29, 2013
Differences in an Academic Journal vs. a Personal Narrative
 - Paragraph Length
 - Sentence Length
 - Word Choice
 - Relationships with the Reader
Comparing two different genres of stories is like comparing apples and oranges. The differences are conspicuous and even a callow reader would be able to point them out. After reading two passages, Outbreaks of Food Borne Diseases in the Lazio Region, Italy: The Results of Epidemiological Field Investigations and Grouper with All the Trimmings, I've made comparisons between the genres. There are four major differences in the genres: paragraph length, sentence length, word choices, and relationships with the reader when comparing the genre of an academic journal to a personal narrative genre.
Comparing Paragraph Length
The paragraph length in the academic journal is extensive compared to that of a personal narrative. This is because in an academic journal, there are usually only one or possibly two ideas that the article would be about and the writer would go into great detail about each topic in an academic journal, making sure to cover as much information as possible so they can answer any questions that a reader might have. Because of this, the writer wouldn't need multiple paragraphs, but only a single, long paragraph for each topic that includes all the relevant information. An academic journal may have an introductory paragraph and a conclusive paragraph, but due to the nature of the writing and the type of audience that would read this genre, and introductory and conclusion paragraph isn't necessary. In a personal narrative, the writer is busy trying to convey feelings and experiences, which, as a typical human being, tends to change quickly and sometimes dramatically. Because of the erratic changing of ideas in a personal narrative, a writer would only have a small amount of information about each idea; therefore multiple paragraphs would be needed.
Comparing Sentence Length
The sentence length in the academic journal is longer than those in the personal narrative. This is due to the purpose of the two different genres. The information in the academic journal's purpose is to inform readers of factual accounts and requires support to maintain the credibility of the writer. Therefore, a writer expresses the idea and adds some extra content in order to support the idea. This is also due to the fact that a lot of the words in an academic journal (explained in the next section) are very technical and long, containing a lot of characters. In a personal narrative, the reader doesn't need proof of the story; therefore the writer can simply express their ideas and feelings without any added content, making sentences shorter. They are also able to use simpler words to make reading the story easier for the reader.
Comparing Word Choices
The word choice is one of the most obvious differences in the genres. The academic journal uses technical words; words that are considered "big" or "intelligent". These words must be used in order to demonstrate the knowledge of the writer in their particular field. The words are often scientific in nature and may require a definition or supporting argument. The personal narrative uses smaller and more relatable words so that their readers can easily indulge in the message without having to over-think the message.
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Do you think it's easy or hard to read an Academic Journal?
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Comparing the Relationships with the Reader
The relationship with the reader is another major difference in the genres. In an academic journal, the relationship with the reader is impersonal and authoritative. One could almost say that the relationship between the writer and the reader is cold and uncaring. The writer's purpose in an academic journal is simply to inform, not to connect. The writer is simply trying to promote facts and knowledge. In a personal narrative, the relationship with the reader is very personal. The writer tries to connect with the reader on an emotional level so that the reader can draw mental pictures and actually feel what is happening in the story.
Paragraph length, sentence length, word choice, and relationships with the readers are four distinct differences in the academic journal and the personal narrative. These genres have major differences because they serve different purposes. The differences are obvious to readers and help to distinguish the two genres from each other.
By Dr. Russell James III, Texas Tech University
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Ohio did not make it a law to keep birth records until 1867.
Ohio made it a law to record births in 1867. County probate courts kept birth records between 1867 and December 19, 1908. There is no statewide index to birth records from 1867 through December 19, 1908. Births were recorded in a log book. Birth certificates were not created until 1908.
Special Collections and Archives has the birth records for the following counties:
The state of Ohio began issuing certificates for births on December 20, 1908. The Ohio Department of Health holds birth certificates for the state of Ohio from December 20, 1908 to the present. Researchers should contact the Ohio Department of Health.
3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, Dayton, Ohio 45435. Phone: _PHONE_


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Guide Dogs NSW/ACT continually surveys people who use our services, and has identified road crossings as the greatest concern to clients.
Comments one client: "Crossing the road is a matter of life or death for me. It's bad enough having bad eye sight, without having broken bones..."
Poorly designed or constructed road crossings are the single most hazardous aspect in the built environment for people who have impaired vision. To ensure that everyone in the community is able to cross a road safely, the following factors should be considered during road construction:
When crossing a road, people who have impaired vision often use the kerb ramp to align themselves and then walk in a straight line to the other side. If the ramp does not align squarely with the kerb, it can lead people on an angle into the roadway, rather than directly across the street.
It is important, therefore, that:
- Kerb ramps align squarely with the direction of road traffic;
- Kerb ramps on either side of the road are directly aligned with each other;
- Kerb ramps align with pedestrian refuge islands.
A blended kerb is one in which there is no significant drop from the footpath to street level; the path simply flows onto the road.
This is an issue for people who are blind or have impaired vision. They rely on traditional kerbs and kerb ramps to indicate where the footpath ends and the road begins. With a blended kerb, they can find themselves in the middle of the road without knowing that they have left the footpath.
While blended kerbs provide easy transition for sighted people with mobility difficulties, they create great problems and are very dangerous to people who have impaired vision.
One way to improve safety in this scenario is to install tactile ground surface indicators (TGSI) between where the footpath ends and the road begins. This will alert people who have impaired vision that they are about to step onto a road.
Pedestrian Refuge Islands
A pedestrian refuge island is a small concrete or paved island in the middle of a road that allows people to cross in stages. However, if the island is the same level and surface as the road, people who have impaired vision may be unable to identify where the refuge ends and the road starts.
The NSW Roads and Traffic Authority has developed specifications for the construction of refuge islands in NSW.
Tactile ground surface indicators (TGSI) provide information that enables people who have impaired vision to locate a refuge island either tactually or using their residual vision.
Audio Tactile Systems
Audio-tactile push-button signals (ATS) are located at pedestrian crossings and are used to indicate when traffic lights have changed to a walk phase. These signals are particularly useful for people who are blind or have impaired vision.
The tactile signal is detected through the plate immediately above the push button. When the pedestrian walk signal is red or in the "Don't Walk" phase, it emits slow beeps and the tactile plate pulses slowly. When the pedestrian walk signal is green or in the "Walk" phase, the control emits faster beeps and the tactile plate pulses rapidly.
The tactile information is useful when ambient noise levels are high, or when the person using the signal does not have good hearing.
When installing the push button control on a pole, the pole should be placed within easy reach of the kerb ramp or crossing point wherever possible. The directional arrow on the push plate provides information to the person who is unable to see the direction of the crossing and therefore should be positioned within easy reach. If the push button is located away from the crossing, the audio signal may not be able to be heard.
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Browsing Life sciences by Subjects
Now showing items 1-1 of 1
Combining simulation modeling and stable isotope analyses to reconstruct the last known movements of one of Nature's giantsThe spatial ecology of rare, migratory oceanic animals is difficult to study directly. Where incremental tissues are available, their chemical composition can provide valuable indirect observations of movement and diet. Interpreting the chemical record in incremental tissues can be highly uncertain, however, as multiple mechanisms interact to produce the observed data. Simulation modeling is one approach for considering alternative hypotheses in ecology and can be used to consider the relative likelihood of obtaining an observed record under different combinations of ecological and environmental processes. Here we show how a simulation modeling approach can help to infer movement behaviour based on stable carbon isotope profiles measured in incremental baleen tissues of a blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus). The life history of this particular specimen, which stranded in 1891 in the UK, was selected as a case study due to its cultural significance as part of a permanent display at the Natural History Museum, London. We specifically tested whether measured variations in stable isotope compositions across the analysed baleen plate were more consistent with residency or latitudinal migrations. The measured isotopic record was most closely reproduced with a period of residency in sub-tropical waters for at least a full year followed by three repeated annual migrations between sub-tropical and high latitude regions. The latitudinal migration cycle was interrupted in the year prior to stranding, potentially implying pregnancy and weaning, but isotopic data alone cannot test this hypothesis. Simulation methods can help reveal movement information coded in the biochemical compositions of incremental tissues such as those archived in historic collections, and provides context and inferences that are useful for retrospective studies of animal movement, especially where other sources of individual movement data are sparse or challenging to validate.


Scenario analysis - Initiating a scientific community for energy scenario building
The world now has a profusion of forecast energy scenarios from all directions. For example, the IPCC has devoted a complete report (the SRREN ) to forecast scenarios for renewable energy sources. However, the scenarios produced by different organisations are not usually easy to compare directly, and nor are they easy to evaluate for decision-makers (in economics or politics), because they do not provide the same variables, do not always include even elementary consistency checks, are not always transparent or correctly sourced, etc. Decision-makers therefore run the risk of becoming lost amongst all these variables and of basing their decisions on the wrong fundamentals. Given the importance of energy in the world economy, this could have catastrophic consequences.
The Shift Project has also decided to work alongside a number of leading French researchers to set up a scientific community for energy scenario building, which will obey and apply the normal rules of science: creation of a semi-standardised benchmark against which scenarios can be compared, transparent publication of arguments in scientific reviews to enable reasoned criticism, etc.
We have also begun to work on methods that will enable interpolation of the major decision-support variables where these are not clear: required ultimate oil resources, overall capital expenditure, CO2 emissions, etc.
As part of providing practical content for this approach, The Shift Project has begun to apply this analysis to a number of energy scenarios produced by high-profile organisations (AIE, US EIA, Greenpeace, WWF, etc.) to compare them with the realities of the physical world and economics.
Project leader:
Léo Benichou
Léo Benichou graduated from Polytechnique and KTH (Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm). He is the manager of the scenario project.


Using Java Compiler Tree API to Extract Generics Types
I was looking for some way to extract information about types of elements in Java collections/maps using generics (List, Map) so that the users of the Static JSF Expression Validator wouldn't need to declare the type of the elements manually. One possible way to get this information is to process the source codes with the Sun Compiler Tree API, available since JDK 6.
It might be best to go and check the resulting 263 lines of now. The code is little ugly, largely due to the API being ugly.
 1. JavaCompiler (Compiler API) is used to compile the source codes that should be searched for generics
 2. A custom annotation provider (Java Annotation API) is used during the compilation to process the sources
 3. The processor only delegates to a custom TreePathScanner (Sun Compiler Tree API) whose visitMethod extracts all the information from the MethodTree, using some dark magic to get fully qualified type names of the class and return type
 1. The Compiler must be able to resolve all dependencies (imports) to be able to process the files
 2. It only works with Sun JDK and its tools.jar must be on the class path (the Compiler and Annotation APIs are a part of Java specification but the Compiler Tree API is not and is thus vendor-specific)
 3. The code currently doesn't handle getters inside nested/inner classes (it would need to check that it is such a class and replace the last. with $ in the name)
You'd better check the complete (short) code at GitHub but if it's too far for you :-), here is the crucial piece:
public Object visitMethod(MethodTree methodTree, Trees trees) {
 String typeNameQualified = getEnclosingClassNameIfAvailable(trees);
 // Skip or bad stuff happens (case: inside anonymous inner class)
 if (typeNameQualified == null) {
 return super.visitMethod(methodTree, trees);
 Tree returnType = methodTree.getReturnType(); // null for void method
 if (getter(methodTree) && returnType instanceof ParameterizedTypeTree) {
 assert Tree.Kind.PARAMETERIZED_TYPE == returnType.getKind();
 ParameterizedTypeTree parametrizedReturnType = (ParameterizedTypeTree) returnType;
 TypeCategory category = detectTypeCategory(parametrizedReturnType);
 if (category.isCollectionOrMap()) {
 Tree valueTypeArgument = parametrizedReturnType.getTypeArguments().get(category.getValueTypeArgumentIdx());
 final String qualifiedGenericTypeName = getQualifiedType(valueTypeArgument);
 String methodJsfName = getMethodJsfName(methodTree);
 System.out.println("FOUND " + typeNameQualified + "." + methodJsfName + ".*=" + qualifiedGenericTypeName);
 // Unqualified name: ((IdentifierTree) valueTypeArgument).getName().toString();
 return super.visitMethod(methodTree, trees);
Most of the code has been copied from the article Source Code Analysis Using Java 6 APIs by Seema Richard (4/2008).
It's possible to use the Java Compiler Tree API to get the desired information but it is not exactly easy because the API os overly complex and undocumented. It would likely be better to use some decent open-source Java parser.
Published by Jakub Holý


The Edition
President to seek parliamentary consideration to join IUCN
24 February 2021, MVT 09:28
President Ibrahim Mohamed Solih. PHOTO: PRESIDENT'S OFFICE
24 February 2021, MVT 09:28
President Ibrahim Mohamed Solih on Tuesday decided to seek parliamentary consideration for Maldives to join the "International Union for Conservation of Nature" (IUCN).
As per the President's Office, the decision was made after deliberations by the Cabinet on a paper, proposed by the Ministry of Environment on the topic during today's session.
Joining the organization will present Maldives with various partnership and networking opportunities in relevant areas.
Additionally, the ICUN will provide assistance to enhance efforts towards conserving nature.
Maldives will also get the opportunity to develop technical capacity towards conservation and sustainability in nature, an area that needs much development in the country.
IUCN is a membership Union and it is the largest international conservation body comprised of representatives from government and civil society organisations (CSO's).
The democratic union harnesses the experience, resources and reach of more than 1,400 member organisations and the input of over 17,000 experts from 170 countries across the globe.
The organization's diversity and vast experience in the field make it the global authority on the status of the natural world and the measures needed to safeguard it.


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Betty WilliamsArticle Free Pass
Betty Williams, byname of Elizabeth Williams (born May 22, 1943, Belfast, N.Ire.), Northern Irish peace activist who, with Máiread Maguire and Ciaran McKeown, founded the Peace People, a grassroots movement dedicated to ending the sectarian strife in Northern Ireland. For her work, Williams shared with Maguire the 1976 Nobel Prize for Peace.
Williams, an office worker and wife and mother, took little part in public life until August 1976, when she witnessed an incident that moved her to speak out. An Irish Republican Army terrorist was shot by British troops while fleeing in a car, and the car went out of control and struck several people, killing three children. Williams immediately began circulating petitions in Protestant neighbourhoods calling for an end to sectarian violence. This activity soon brought her into association with Maguire (then Máiread Corrigan), an aunt of the slain children, who had been similarly galvanized into action. Together they founded the Peace People to advocate for an end to the Northern Ireland conflict.
Williams left the Peace People organization in the early 1980s. Soon afterward she immigrated to the United States, where she resided for two decades before moving to the Republic of Ireland. Williams founded the World Centers of Compassion for Children International in 1997. In 2006 she joined Maguire and fellow Nobel Peace Prize winners Shirin Ebadi, Jody Williams, Wangari Maathai, and Rigoberta Menchú to found the Nobel Women's Initiative.
What made you want to look up "Betty Williams"? Please share what surprised you most...


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What do gamblers, sports figures, comics, and dogs have in common? They perform rituals.
People rituals are seen as quirky habits they make up to help them cope or bring them luck. Take former Red Sox slugger Wade Boggs. He woke up at the same time each day, ate chicken before each game, took exactly 177 ground balls in practice that started precisely at 5:17, ran sprints at 7:17 and wrote Chai (Hebrew for "living") in the dirt before each at bat and he wasn't even Jewish.
Yet a dog's ritual of "scraping after pooping" is considered weird. But this ritual is part of a dog's evolutionary heritage and it's instinctual. People can't use that excuse. Take away the poop factor, and really which behavior is more bizarre?
So what exactly is scraping and peeling?
It's when a dog kicks the ground with their hind legs after defecating or urinating. Dog paws contain scent (eccrine) glands in between the toes. Scraping them against the ground helps release the pheromones that increase the scent near "their business." These pheromones contain information about a dog's gender, age, and overall health.
But why do dogs do it?
Dogs are descended from wolves which also scrape. Wolves needed to mark their territories often because they were too large to patrol every day. If other wolves encroached on their territory they could steal game or mating opportunities. By scent marking and scraping, they were sending a message to other wolves to keep away or be ready to fight. Before domestication, dogs also wandered in large territories and this particular instinct has not yet been bred out of the domestic dog.
Solving a Problem
When dog poop dries, it loses its pungent fragrance and hence its poop power to ward off the enemy. So by releasing the scent glands on the ground they act as a kind of booster scent saver and enhancer. Paired with visually deep and long scrape marks it becomes hard evidence that shouts BEWARE! One big kick butt dog was here! It's almost like a dog's unique scratch and sniff business card.
Some dog owners find pooping rituals uncivilized and even aggressive. They get nervous that their dogs will step in "it" and then track it everywhere. But dogs are skilled marksmen and know just how to spread their paws enough so they don't. Some owners feel violated because they think their pups are deliberately aiming at them when they kick. And, some owners go so far as trying to stop or modify the ritualistic behavior. Dressing dogs up is one thing but trying to override their survival instincts is another.
If a dog that usually scrapes stops doing it, the dog may have health problems, such as arthritis. New or different behaviors should always be checked out.
A related behavior called over marking is when a dog feels more "alpha" than another so he covers up the other dog's urine with its own. Doing this he markets himself to other dogs as having a higher social status and more power. While the technique is different, the end game is very much like a power play in the boardroom.
So, the next time you watch your dog choreograph its poop ritual, instead of thinking crazy be proud that he can execute this survival ritual with such vigor and precision. He's showing power and control. And until dogs can tweet or twitter their personal messages, dogs should be allowed the freedom to communicate how they know best.


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The conventional definition of temperature seasonality is the difference between the annual maximum and minimum temperatures (figure to the left).
Plant growth in the North does not depend on these two extreme values - it depends on the seasonal cycle of temperature above some threshold (figure to the right).
Therefore, we define temperature seasonality as the inverse of the cumulative value (shaded region) in the figure to the right.
Both definitions when based on temperature values averaged over a latitudinal belt around the Earth (50N to 65N in the figures above) are a function of Sun-Earth geometry only, i.e. Earth's axial tilt and Orbit around the Sun. Thus, we expect no time trends in seasonality during our study period (100+ years) due to changes in sunlight and day length.


upton, Polly Vizard, Amanda Fitzgerald, Ludovica Gambaro and Jack Cunliffe is available at
This is one of a series of papers produced as part of CASE's research programme Social Policy in a Cold Climate (SPCC). The research, concluding in 2015, examines the effects of the major economic and political changes in the UK since 2007, focusing on the distribution of wealth, poverty, inequality and social mobility.
Papers from the project are available as follows:
Analysis of the Coalition government 2010-2015
Analysis of the Labour government _PHONE_
WP01: Small Area Measures of Income Poverty, Alex Fenton
WP02: Labour's Record on Health, Polly Vizard and Polina Obolenskaya
WP03: Labour's Record on Education, Ruth Lupton
WP06: Labour's Record on Neighbourhood Renewal in England, Ruth Lupton


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Irrigation equipment: Don't be shocked
The use of farm irrigation systems brings with it an increased risk of electrocution. Safe Electricity, a public awareness campaign created by the Urbana, IL-based Energy Education Council, urges workers to know and follow proper safety precautions to avoid electrical injuries when operating and handling watering systems.
Follow these rules to safely operate irrigation machinery systems:
- Make sure the irrigation system wiring is properly grounded. Have a qualified electrician check the pump and motor wiring before each irrigation season.
- Water and metal are ideal electrical conductors. Position irrigation pipes at least 15 feet from power lines. Keep water jet streams from spraying onto electrical lines.
- When not in use, store irrigation pipes in an open area away from power lines and other electrical equipment.
- Install lightning arresters to protect equipment, and stay away from the machine during any lightning activity. The pipe pedestals in an open field make perfect lightning receptors, and the water-filled piping can carry an electrical current for long distances.
- When assembling or transporting irrigation equipment, try to keep pipes parallel to the ground and move them horizontally rather than vertically to avoid contact with overhead power lines.
- Repeated circuit breaker trips or blown fuses during operation could indicate a serious electrical hazard and should be professionally checked and corrected.
- When servicing the machine, always shut off and lock out the master electric control switch.


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Definitions for babylonish captivity
The Nuttall Encyclopedia
the name given to the deportation of Jews from Judea to Babylon after the capture of Jerusalem by the king of Babylon, and which continued for 70 years, till they were allowed to return to their own land by Cyrus, who had conquered Babylon; those who returned were solely of the tribes of Judah, Benjamin, and Levi. Bacchanalia
Use the citation below to add this definition to your bibliography:
"babylonish captivity." Definitions.net. STANDS4 LLC, 2013. Web. 22 May 2013. .


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global - Define global variable
Ordinarily, each Scilab function, has its own local variables and can "read" all variables created in the base workspace or by the calling functions. The global keyword allow to make variables read/write across functions. Any assignment to that variable, in any function, is available to all the other functions declaring it global.
If the global variable doesn't exist the first time you issue the global statement, it will be initialized to the empty matrix.
//first: calling environnment and a function share a variable global a a=1 deff('y=f1(x)','global a,a=x^2,y=a^2') f1(2) a //second: three functions share variables deff('initdata()','global A C ;A=10,C=30') deff('letsgo()','global A C ;disp(A) ;C=70') deff('letsgo1()','global C ;disp(C)') initdata() letsgo() letsgo1()
who, isglobal, clearglobal, gstacksize, resume,


text:
San Diego '99
- Topic Area:
- Track: Open VMS
- Topic: Performance & Tuning
- Type: Breakout Session
03:00 PM Duration:
- Richard Bishop
- Software Consultant Engineer, Compaq Computer Corporation
- This session will describe recent changes to OpenVMS Alpha's System
Dump Analyzer and related analysis tools. Attendees will learn about new features that improve system dumps; about changes in SDA to support OpenVMS Galaxy, and about several new commands and
enhancements to existing commands.
Attendees will be introduced to SDA extensions(to be covered in
detail in another session) and will also learn about improvements
to the System Code Debugger, about the new System Dump Debugger and about the Watchpoint Utility.
- Use new SDA commands to examine OpenVMS Galaxy data structures.
- Use new SDA commands to examine system parameters.
- Use the System Dump Debugger to examine dumps involving user-written device drivers
- Prerequisites for attendees:
- This session should precede "SDA Extensions - Tutorial"
- Required Skill Level:
Assumes general knowledge of topic, familiarity w/basic terms & procedures
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World Wide Words logo
Pronounced /əʊf/Help with IPA
An oaf is a stupid, boorish, or clumsy man.
There's an intimate connection between oafs and elves. In ancient legend, elves weren't the noble creatures portrayed in Tolkien's stories but powerful and dangerous supernatural beings who were more likely to harm humans than to help them. Their name says so: it comes from an ancient Germanic term for a nightmare, a close relative of the first element of the modern German Albdruck with the same sense. Among other nasty habits, elves were thought to bring humans bad dreams and to steal their children, leaving changelings in their place.
It's from that belief that oaf first appeared in English, in the seventeenth century. Originally an oaf was an elf's child, one that had been left in a poor exchange for a stolen human one. In popular superstition, such children were assumed to be ugly or stupid.
The first forms to appear were ouphe and auf, the former turning up several times in Shakespeare's plays, though he used it to mean an elf or goblin. Auf appears in 1621 in the Anatomy of Melancholy by Robert Burton: "A very monster, an aufe imperfect".
By the end of the seventeenth century it had settled to the modern spelling and oaf had moved to mean "idiot child" or "halfwit", then later took on the senses of a large, clumsy man or boy and a rude and boorish man.
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WCF Tutorial
Skip Navigation LinksHomeMetadata ExchangeMetadata Exchange Endpoint No of Views: 191511
Metadata Exchange Endpoint
Metadata Exchange Endpoint
Exposing the metadata using HTTP-GET has a disadvantage, such that there is no guarantee that other platforms you interact will support it. There is other way of exposing the using special endpoint is called as Metadata Exchange Endpoint. You can have as many metadata exchange endpoints as you want.
It is basically Uri to identify the metadata. You can specify as address in the endpoint but append with "mex" keyword. For example "http://localhost:9090/MyCalulatorService/mex"
There are four types of bindings supported for metadata exchange. They are mexHttpBinding, mexHttpsBinding, mexNamedPipesBinding, mexTcpBinding.
IMetadataExchange is the contract used for MEX endpoint. WCF service host automatically provides the implementation for this IMetadataExcahnge while hosting the service.
You can create the Metadata Exchange Endpoint either Administrative (configuration file) or programmatically.
Administrative (Configuration file):
In the configuration file of the hosting application, you can add metadata exchange endpoint as shown below.

 binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="IMyService">

Programming Model:
In the following code I have mention about creating the Metadata Exchange Endpoint through coding. Steps to create the metadata endpoint are
 - Create the ServiceMetadataBehavior object and add to Service host description.
 - ServiceMetadataBehavior smb = new ServiceMetadataBehavior();
 - Create the metadata binding object using MetadataExchangeBinding
 - Binding mexBinding = MetadataExchangeBindings.CreateMexHttpBinding ();
 - 3. Add the endpoint to the service host with address, binding and contract.
 - host.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(IMetadataExchange), mexBinding, "mex");
Complete code for hosting the service with metadata exchange endpoint is shown below.
//Create a URI to serve as the base address
 Uri httpUrl = new Uri("http://localhost:8090/MyService/SimpleCalculator");
 //Create ServiceHost
 ServiceHost host = new
 ServiceHost(typeof(MyCalculatorService.SimpleCalculator), httpUrl);
 //Add a service endpoint
 (typeof(MyCalculatorService.ISimpleCalculator), new WSHttpBinding(), "");
 //Enable metadata exchange
 ServiceMetadataBehavior smb = new ServiceMetadataBehavior();
 Binding mexBinding = MetadataExchangeBindings.CreateMexHttpBinding ();
 //Adding metadata exchange endpoint
 //Start the Service
 Console.WriteLine("Service is host at " + DateTime.Now.ToString());
 Console.WriteLine("Host is running... Press key to stop");
 - Change the instance mode to per call as default.


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Summary: Mathematical Geology, Vol. 37, No. 8, November 2005 ( C 2005)
Tetrahedral Plots of the Phase Relations for Basalts1
and Richard N. Abbott, Jr.3
The phase relations of quaternary systems are generally represented by projections onto ternary
compositional planes. Such projections often obscure relationships that would only be evident in a
three-dimensional tetrahedral plot. The tetrahedral plot requires that compositions of the minerals
and melts be transformed into Cartesian coordinates. It is shown here how this transformation is
carried out. The application is demonstrated by tetrahedral plots of experimental melt compositions of
partially molten lherzolite. Furthermore, the plot can be used to evaluate whether or not a particular
basaltic composition represents a primary melt. The methods are applicable to any four-component
KEY WORDS: phase diagrams, basalts, primary magmas.
The compositions of primary basaltic magmas are controlled by the phase relations of lherzolite and the way melt accumulation takes place in the mantel.
Characterization of the phase relations of lherzolite is therefore fundamental for
understanding the genesis of basalts. Phase relations for partial melting of lherzolite involve olivine, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and spinel or garnet. Accessory