text:
Competitive intelligence (CI) can be especially valuable to private equity (PE) and venture capital (VC) firms, which often operate somewhat in the dark within their industry segments. Holdings in newly-forming or niche industries have few public companies or established business models to provide adequate references for benchmarking and other meaningful insights.
Given this reality and the goals of private investors, PE and VC firms have a shallow understanding of their portfolio companies' key competitors, limited to core strengths and weaknesses and basic knowledge of product or service lines. They lack detailed information on products, key employees, clients, financial performance and other areas. Good CI gathering can fill in the gaps, offering the context needed to foster ideas and support decisions to identify the best new investment opportunities and maximize the value of their existing portfolio.
How CI enhances the value of private investment portfolios
Following are some of the competitive details that can be uncovered to ensure portfolio companies are well-positioned to maximize present and future value:
- Corporate strategy: Where are their competitors focused—profitability, price leadership, product quality, customer service, something else?
- Products and services: How do competitors differentiate new and existing products in the market? What role does innovation, pricing and other factors play in their product or service offerings?
- Financial strategy: Where is the competitor currently investing? How much risk are they willing to absorb? What cost burdens and other financial weaknesses do they bear?
- Distribution and go-to-market strategies: How does the competitor currently distribute their products or sell their services? Where and how are they entrenched, and what are the positive and negative impacts?
- Brand strategy and brand promise: What are the competitors' branding strengths and weaknesses? What are the market perceptions and rationales pertaining to a competitor's brand?
- Pricing: What are the competion's goals regarding pricing models, profitability and market share?
- Research and development (R&D) strategies: Is the competitor's research focus on innovation or on refining existing products? What is the extent of a competitor's intellectual property? What is the size and scope of a competitor's R&D budget and staff?
Investments in gathering CI can pay-off for PE and VC firms by giving them a unique, close-up view of the competitive landscape in which their portfolio companies operate. This information can help the firm identify and exploit strengths and weaknesses to their advantage.
Competitive intelligence versus market research
Unlike conventional market research, competitive intelligence is viewed as a more strategic and future-focused activity, striving to go beyond a straightforward understanding of the current environment.
A good working definition of CI is an approach to collecting and analyzing information whose goals are to:
- Understand and anticipate the activities of competitors.
- Objectively perceive and interpret industry and market events.
- Spot and negotiate market disruptions in order to manage risk and gain organizational advantage.
CI initiatives may engage what-if scenarios or "war gaming" to try to understand what competitors might do in the future. It may try to assess the likelihood of potential future scenarios in order to justify specific business directions or decisions.
Using both published and non-published sources, insight are gathered on marketplace dynamics and challenges in a manner that is structured, disciplined and ethical.
Strategic activities that grow out of CI:
- Bringing a current and accurate understanding of external competitive and market forces into strategic planning.
- Developing applicable insights through research and structured analysis.
- Strengthening marketing, financial and operational activities.
- Minimizing decision-related risk and lowering uncertainty.
Competitive intelligence now plays a crucial role in business planning and strategizing.
The cost of competitive intelligence
While competitive intelligence gathering can include some standard information like company and industry profiles, CI projects are not off-the-shelf. They are customized to meet specific requirements. And while discrete, "one and done" CI reports can be useful, the most effective way to leverage CI is through ongoing monitoring and assessment of the competitive landscape.
When looking at outside providers of CI services, costs depend on a variety of factors like the number of companies and industries involved, the cost of news and data sources and the scope and duration of a CI engagement.
Applications and subscriptions to business information services from companies like Thomson Reuters, Relx Group, Standard & Poor's and Bloomberg contribute to CI costs.
Robyn Rebollo, LAC Group VP of Spend Management Services, recommends buyers take an incremental leap into the CI /BI analytics products market, conducting a pilot to identify the most meaningful metrics for their needs.
According to Robyn,
Forbes is reporting that 60% of CIOs predict their spending on analytics and applications for business and competitive intelligence will increase in the next 12 months, and we see a similar pattern with our clients. However, it's still early adoption, and these products are not necessarily providing the reporting that C-level executives need for strategic decision-making, which means a lot of tweaking and customization of the outputs are still required.
It requires certain skills and practices to pull relevant news and data from these services, to scour the deep web for hidden information and to do the customization that brings it altogether in a useful way for executives. Many private investment firms believe they can do this with the people they have, yet their researchers are mostly financial analysts, narrowly focused on numbers and unfamiliar with broader information searches.
As performed by experienced researchers and information specialists, competitive intelligence truly can be the spark for more creative, strategic thinking and informed decision-making. It allows private equity firms to closely monitor the industries and markets they invest in, deepen their understanding of known areas and explore new areas for continued investment success.


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There is an ancient mystical tradition that each character in the Hebrew alphabet also has a meaningful numerical equivalent. This tradition is called Gematria. It stands to reason that if a letter can be translated into a number, then that number can be given a chromatic value as well. By mapping each character's position in the Hebrew alphabet to correspond with a color on the visible spectrum, we can translate these chromatic values from the text. We can translate the text into light.
Gonsher, Ian, "Translating the Torah into Light" (2018). Scholarly Research. 3.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Gilled rustic Italian bread, grilled vegetables, melted mozzarella: a great grilled cheese sandwich. Photo courtesy of Wisconsin Milk Marketing Board.
Did The Earl Of Sandwich "Invent" The Sandwich?
CAPSULE REPORT: Before the Earl of Sandwich gave his name to the concept, man certainly put meat and cheese between slices of bread—it was an easy way for field workers and travelers to eat. But it didn't have a formal name: "bread and cheese" or "lamb in pita" was all the description required. The Earl didn't even name the sandwich; but merely by being the first in London to specifically order meat served between two slices of bread so that he could eat with one hand while continuing to gamble with the other, he launched the demand for what became known as the sandwich. This is Page 1 of a two-page article. Click on the black links below to visit other pages.
While the Earl of Sandwich is credited with "inventing" the sandwich in 1762, the principle of bread and filling likely dates to around 9000 B.C.E., when permanent settlements were established in the Middle East, and the hunter-gatherers began to plant and harvest grain. These grains became the first breads, unleavened flatbreads that were baked over an open fire. They were also "edible plates," holding roasted meat or fish on the journey from pot to mouth.
The first recorded sandwich in history was made by Rabbi Hillel, who lived in Jerusalem in the 1st century B.C.E., at the time of King Herod. Observing the Passover ritual of eating bitter herbs or maror (generally grated horseradish) on matzoh, he placed a sweet filling of chopped apples and nuts, seasoned with cinnamon, alongside the maror, and topped it with a second slice of matzo. The practice, continued today, is known as the Hillel sandwich.
Two millennia later, Becky Mercuri, author of American Sandwich, quotes researcher J. J. Schebel on a French claim that travelers and field workers carried meat between two slices of black bread, long before the "sandwich" gained prominence. None of this is surprising; in fact, it would be more surprising if slices from loaves of bread had not been used to hold meat, cheese, fish and other fillings. There's just no notation of it; it took the celebrity of the fourth Earl of Sandwich to give it a name.
John Montagu, Fourth Earl Of Sandwich
While slices of bread with meat and cheese had been eaten since the dawn of the loaf of bread, the term "sandwich" purportedly originated one evening in 1762 at the Beef Steak Club, a private gentleman's club above Covent Garden in London. John Montagu, the fourth Earl of Sandwich (_PHONE_), called for such a dish to be served to him, so he could remain at the gaming table without breaking for supper. A marathon gambler, necessity was the mother of invention; the sandwich enabled him to keep gaming with one hand while he ate with the other (interestingly, sushi rolls were invented for exactly the same reason). However, the genius wasn't totally spontaneous: It is said that Montagu was inspired by diplomatic trips to the Mediterranean, where he observed Greeks and Turks eating pita bread stuffed with meats and other fillings.
The practice of serving "sandwiches," including elaborate presentations of poached fillet of pheasant and guinea hen, soon became a popular late-night meal at society balls. During the nineteenth century, lunch (called midday dinner) was the main meal of the day; dinner (then called supper) was a lighter meal where the leftovers from lunch were often made into sandwiches. After Victorian author Charlotte Mason wrote the first cookbook recipes for sandwiches—recommending that the crusts be removed from the bread—sandwiches began to be served at tea and picnics. They were common fare at taverns and train stations; the "club sandwich" was developed at a private club.
Coming To America
English traditions easily jumped over the pond. While no one noted the date a sandwich was first served in the U.S., in 1837, Eliza Leslie was the first person to publish a recipe, in Miss Leslie's Directions For Cookery. One of the sandwiches remains popular today: a ham sandwich with mustard on lightly buttered bread. By the late 1860s, reports Mercuri, sandwiches were common supper fare and travel food.
Continue To Page 2: The Sandwich In America
Go To The Article Index Above
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Lifestyle Direct, Inc. All rights reserved. Photographs are the copyright of their respective owners.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Becoming A Volunteer - General Information
Community-based literacy programs throughout Illinois depend on volunteers to provide free one-to-one tutoring to low literate adults and those who want to learn English. Low literacy adults are a diverse group of people; a variety of reasons account for their low literacy skills. Adults wishing to learn English are usually immigrants who are planning to stay in the United States on a long-term basis.
To become an adult literacy tutor, most programs request that potential volunteers attend twelve hours of tutor training, generally offered in the evenings or on Saturdays. Some literacy programs charge a small fee for the training to cover the cost of materials. The training enables potential tutors to become familiar with the problem of low literacy, with the population of adult new readers and provides them with essential tools and techniques they will need to help adult learners reach their goals. Many programs also offer in-service training sessions throughout the year to provide tutors with opportunities to strengthen their skills.
Many programs also need volunteers for other types of work, such as help with mailings, PR activities, special events and serving on Boards and Advisory Committees. Volunteers interested in helping with the cause of literacy, but unable to make the time commitment involved in tutoring, should consider these options.


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How to make double hung windows using old materials
Use of double hung windows in homes is quite old and still there are large numbers of people who prefer them for their homes. The leading benefit of these windows is that they are suitable for almost every home. Generally, when it is the matter of double hung windows, people prefer to design their own windows with their own efforts. People prefer to design double hung windows by own efforts mainly because of the reason that they will get what exactly they want. Any material that suits the windows can be used for this tasks but majority of time people prefer old materials for designing the double hung windows.
There is lot of things that one has to keep in the mind before designing the double hung window through old materials. It is necessary to consider influences on a design before starting any work. Also it is better to have a look at the features of the design.
1. Selection of materials
When it is the matter of choosing old materials, there are large number of options that are easily available. Selection of materials depends upon on lot of things and especially on the type of weather on the place where these windows are to be installed.
2. Designing the double hung windows using wood
Wood is one of the better options for designing such windows. Generally, wood is one of the oldest materials available for this and is preferred for this task mainly because of its durability. For designing the double hung windows through wood, what one has to do is:
- Firstly, select the design and size of the window to be designed.
- Next step is to cut the wood as per the design. Cutting tasks include cutting of wood in different shapes and sizes so better is cut them with full concentration. For this, some of the tools are needed which can be taken on rent. Use of red cedar wood is a great option.
- Wooden parts can be joined using iron sticks.
- Paint the windows once they are installed because painting them before installation may destroy the paint during installation.
- Selection of glass is not a big task and majority of times a plain glass is used.
It must always be remembered that wood is not suitable for all weather conditions. Wood is a better option for places have less annual rainfall in a year.
3. Using iron for designing double hung windows
The use of iron for designing double hung window is quite common just like wood. The iron has its own merits and demerits over wood. The designing procedure of these windows through iron is same as design of windows through wood but there is one major issue with iron and that is cutting and designing of iron is quite hard and for this sometime complex tools are required. It is because of this reason, people do not prefer DIY task for designing double hung window through iron. Generally, iron double hung windows are suitable for majority of weather conditions.
4. Plastic is another wise choice
Just like iron and wood, plastic is another one of the oldest materials that is preferred by large number of people for designing double hung window in their own way. The leading advantage of plastic is that it is suitable for any design any size. Another advantage of plastic is its low cost and long life. Plastic has one leading disadvantage and that is it loses its grace, when come under direct sunlight and thus not suitable for places having dry atmosphere.
Some important things to be kept in mind while using plastic are:
- This material needs perfect cutting and a small variation in size may result in failure of entire design.
- Joining the plastic needs lot of care and thus task is performed by a burning process.
5. Installation of double hung windows
There are generally two sashes that one has to implement while designing the double hung windows. One sash is at the top of window while other at the bottom. Both of them are movable. Balancing devices are used for shifting the sashes up and down and they also support their movement as well. The overall weight of sash is balanced by overall weight of balancing devices thus windows can easily be set at any position.
Double hung windows can easily be designed using old materials and by preferring old materials one can have lot of benefits including cost saving and especially one can get the desired design for his/her double hung windows. Use of double hung windows designed with old materials has become a modern trend nowadays.


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This work presents the design, analysis and implementation of the first sub-linear searchable symmetric encryption (SSE) protocol that supports conjunctive search and general Boolean queries on symmetrically-encrypted data and that scales to very large data sets and arbitrarily-structured data including free text search. To date, work in this area has focused mainly on single-keyword search. For the case of conjunctive search, prior SSE constructions required work linear in the total number of documents in the database and provided good privacy only for structured attribute-value data, rendering these solutions too slow and inflexible for large practical databases.
In contrast, our solution provides a realistic and practical trade-off between performance and privacy by efficiently supporting very large databases at the cost of moderate and well-defined leakage to the outsourced server (leakage is in the form of data access patterns, never as direct exposure of plaintext data or searched values). A key aspect of our protocols is that it allows the searcher to pivot its conjunctive search on the estimated least frequent keyword in the conjunction. We show that a Decisional Diffie-Hellman (DDH) based pseudo-random function can be used not just to implement search tokens but also to hide query access pattern of non-pivot, and hence possibly highly frequent, keywords in conjunctive queries. We present a formal cryptographic analysis of the privacy and security of our protocols and establish precise upper bounds on the allowed leakage.
To demonstrate the real-world practicality of our approach, we provide performance results of a prototype applied to several large representative data sets.


text: The Taiga is a forest biome that rings the upper latitudes of the northern hemisphere. The Taiga is dominated by black spruce and paper bark birch growing together. The sunlight is low in intensity and there are only 50-100 frost free days during the summer but the taiga is the largest and most productive forest on the planet. The taiga has very low biodiversity yet liberals prevent it from being harvested for charcoal and paper production. Ted Stevens was very supportive of logging the taiga in Alaska. Each year Alaska looses approximately the area of Rhode Island to forest fires. These forest fires lead to significant air pollution, more particulates than the combined output of all the coal fired power plants in the world, releasing gigatons of CO2 in the process, which is supposed by liberals to lead to global warming.


text:
Development History Of The Tiwi Geothermal Field, Philippines
Journal Article: Development History Of The Tiwi Geothermal Field, Philippines
AbstractCommercial production of electricity from the Tiwi geothermal system began in 1979. In 1982, Tiwi became the world's first water-dominated system to produce more than 160 MWe. Today the field supplies about 11% of Luzon's electricity. Initially, the reservoir was single-phase liquid with a small, shallow steam zone on the east side. Temperature reversals in the first wells showed the east to be an outflow zone. As production began, reservoir pressure declined, two-phase conditions developed, and groundwater entered the reservoir from the east. As many production wells cooled, brine production increased and generation decreased from about 280 MWe in 1983 to about 190 MWe in 1986. Improvements to surface facilities and new wells drilled farther west raised generation to about 280 MWe by mid-1993. Separated brine was first injected into the reservoir, but this lowered steam production; injection is now outside the field.
- David T. Gambill and Domeng B. Beraquit
- Published Journal
- Geothermics, Date Not Provided
- Not Provided
Check for DOI availability: _URL_
David T. Gambill,Domeng B. Beraquit.. Development History Of The Tiwi Geothermal Field, Philippines. Geothermics. (!).


text: states on the SDRAMC signals. Detailed Information for Erratum SECF196, Rev. 0 4 Freescale Semiconductor Workarounds 2.3 BDM impact If the BDM signals are enabled (JTAG_EN = 0), then BDM outputs could also drive undefined signal states during reset. Because the BDM signals are not multiplexed with any module pins, in most systems these signals would route only to a BDM/JTAG header. Therefore, undefined pin states on BDM signals are not expected to cause functional problems for systems. 3 Workarounds The undefined pin states occur only during a power-on reset (POR) — the /RESET and/or /RSTOUT signals can be used to qualify FlexBus and SDRAMC signals. In most cases, the only signals that will need to be qualified are the FlexBus chip select and SDRAM chip select signals. By using qualified versions of the chip selects to connect to external devices, you can prevent those external devices from sampling the undefined pin states on address, data, and other control signals. 3.1 Workaround step 1: Generate a qualifier signal The first step to the workaround is to generate a signal that can be used to qualify or mask the undefined signal states on the chip select signals (or other control signals as needed). Determining the qualifier to use can require some characterization of power and reset signal operation in the system. The idea is to find a signal or combination of signals that remains high throughout the time when the undefined signal states can occur. Theoretically the RSTOUT signal could be used to qualify signals; however, because RSTOUT asserts low at the same time that the undefined signal states start to drive on other pins, if this signal were used as a qualifier alone, there could be small glitches while waiting for RSTOUT to propagate through logic. For this reason Freescale doesn't recommend using RSTOUT on its own as a qualifier. If the system keeps the RESET input signal to the processor asserted during system power-up and through the start of clocks, then the RESET signal could be used to generate the qualifier signal as shown in Figure 2. /RESET Chip Select Qualifier Figure 2. Generating a qualifier signal using RESET If the system is not guaranteed to keep the RESET input signal asserted through the start of clocks, then a combination of the RESET and RSTOUT signals could be used instead as shown in Figure 3. It is important that there be a period of time during which RESET and RSTOUT are asserted simultaneously, to avoid possible glitches. Detailed Information for Erratum SECF196, Rev. 0 Freescale Semiconductor 5 Workarounds /RESET /RSTO UT Chip Select Q ualifier Figure 3. Generating a qualifier signal Using RESET and RSTOUT 3.2 Workaround step 2: Qualify signals For many systems there might be only a small number of chip selects or other control signals that need to be qualified to prevent the undefined signal states from reaching external devices. If there are only a small number of signals that need to be qualified, then adding discrete logic gates might be the best solution. Figure 4 shows an example of how a chip select signal could be qualified using an OR gate. Chip Select Qualifier Chip Select to External Device /FB_CSn Figure 4. Qualifying a chip select using an OR gate There are up to eight chip select signals available on the MCF532x/7x family devices — six FlexBus chip selects and two SDRAM chip selects. This means that all of the chip select signals on the processor could be qualified using a single 8-bit tri-statable buffer as shown in Figure 5. C h ip S e le c t Q u a lifie r /O E /F B _ C S 0 D0 O0 /M E M _ F B _C S0 /F B _ C S 1 D1 O1 /M E M _ F B _C S1 /F B _ C S 2 D2 O2 /M E M _ F B _C S2 /F B _ C S 3 D3 O3 /M E M _ F B _C S3 /F B _ C S 4 D4 O4 /M E M _ F B _C S4 /F B _ C S 5 D5 O5 /M E M _ F B _C S5 /S D _ C S 0 D6 O6 /M E M _ S D _C S0 /S D _ C S 1 D7 O7 /M E M _ S D _C S1 Figure 5. Qualifying all chip selects using a buffer In Figure 5, "MEM_" is used to differentiate the chip select signals from the processor and the qualified versions that would be connected to external memories. Each of the "MEM_" signals should include a pullup resistor to force the signal high while the buffer is disabled. Detailed Information for Erratum SECF196, Rev. 0 6 Freescale Semiconductor THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK Detailed Information for Erratum SECF196, Rev. 0 Freescale Semiconductor 7 How to Reach Us: Home Page: _URL_ Web Support: _URL_ USA/Europe or Locations Not Listed: Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Technical Information Center, EL516 2100 East Elliot Road Tempe, Arizona 85284 _PHONE_ or _PHONE_ _URL_ Europe, Middle East, and Africa: Freescale Halbleiter Deutschland GmbH Technical Information Center Schatzbogen 7 81829 Muenchen, Germany +44 1296 380 456 (English) +46 8 52200080 (English) +49 89 92103 559 (German) +33 1 69 35 48 48 (French) _URL_ Japan: Freescale Semiconductor Japan Ltd. Headquarters ARCO Tower 15F 1-8-1, Shimo-Meguro, Meguro-ku, Tokyo _PHONE_ Japan 0120 191014 or +81 3 5437 9125 [email protected] Asia/Pacific: Freescale Semiconductor China Ltd. Exchange Building 23F No. 118 Jianguo Road Chaoyang District Beijing 100022 China +86 10 5879 8000 [email protected] For Literature Requests Only: Freescale Semiconductor Literature Distribution Center _PHONE_ or _PHONE_ Fax: _PHONE_ [email protected] Document Number: EB740 Rev. 0 04/2011 Information in this document is provided solely to enable system and software implementers to use Freescale Semiconductor products. There are no express or implied copyright licenses granted hereunder to design or fabricate any integrated circuits or integrated circuits based on the information in this document. Freescale Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Freescale Semiconductor makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Freescale Semiconductor assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. "Typical" parameters that may be provided in Freescale Semiconductor data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including "Typicals", must be validated for each customer application by customer's technical experts. Freescale Semiconductor does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Freescale Semiconductor products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Freescale Semiconductor product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Freescale Semiconductor products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Freescale Semiconductor and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that Freescale Semiconductor was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. For information on Freescale's Environmental Products program, go to _URL_ Freescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2011. All rights reserved.


adjective, warmer, warmest.
having or giving out a moderate degree of heat, as perceived by the senses: a warm bath.
of or at a moderately high temperature; characterized by comparatively high temperature: a warm oven; a warm climate; a warm summer.
having a sensation of bodily heat: to be warm from fast walking.
conserving or maintaining warmth or heat: warm clothes.
(of colors) suggestive of warmth; inclining toward red or orange rather than toward green or blue.
characterized by or showing lively feelings, passions, emotions, sympathies, etc.: a warm heart; warm interest.
strongly attached; intimate: warm friends.
cordial or hearty: a warm welcome.
heated, irritated, or angry: to become warm when contradicted.
animated, lively, brisk, or vigorous: a warm debate.
strong or fresh: a warm scent.
close to something sought, as in a game.
uncomfortable or unpleasant: His opponents made things so warm that he decided to quit.
British Informal. well off; in easy circumstances.
verb (used with object)
to make warm; heat (often followed by up ): to warm one's hands; to warm up a room.
to heat or cook (something) for reuse, as leftovers (usually followed by over or up ): to warm up yesterday's stew.
to excite enthusiasm, ardor, cheerfulness, or vitality in (someone): The wine soon warmed the company.
to inspire with kindly feeling; affect with lively pleasure: It warms my soul to hear you say that.
to fill (a person, crowd, etc.) with strong feelings, as hatred, anger, or zeal: Restrictions had warmed the crew to the point of mutiny.
verb (used without object)
to become warm or warmer (often followed by up ): The room will warm up when the fire gets going.
to become ardent, enthusiastic, animated, etc. (often followed by up or to ): The speaker quickly warmed to her subject.
to grow kindly, friendly, or sympathetically disposed (often followed by to or toward ): My heart warms toward him.
Informal. a warming: Sit by the fire and have a nice warm.
Verb phrases
warm down, to conclude or follow a period of strenuous physical exercise by walking or gentle stretching.
warm up,
to prepare for a game, sports contest, dance, etc., by moderate exercise or practice beforehand.
to increase in excitement, intensity, violence, etc.: The racial situation was warming up.
to become friendlier or more receptive: No matter how hard I tried, I just couldn't warm up to that proposal.
Radio and Television. to entertain (an audience) prior to a broadcast to increase receptiveness.
warm the bench, Sports. to serve as a substitute who rarely plays in a game: The young outfielder warmed the bench for the Yankees last season.
before 900; (adj.) Middle English werm, warm, Old English wearm; cognate with German warm, Old Norse varmr; (v.) Middle English warmen, wermen, Old English werman, wirman (transitive), wearmian (intransitive), both akin to the adj.; (noun) derivative of the v.
warmer, noun
warmish, adjective
warmly, adverb
warmness, noun
overwarmed, adjective
prewarm, verb (used with object)
rewarm, verb
unwarmed, adjective
unwarming, adjective
well-warmed, adjective
1. lukewarm, tepid, heated. 6. hearty, enthusiastic, fervent, fervid, emotional, ardent. 7. friendly, close. 8. fervent. 9. annoyed, vexed, irate, furious. 10. vehement. 17. animate, excite, waken, stir, rouse, arouse.
1–3, 5, 8. cool.
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Cite This Source Link To warming
World English Dictionary
warm (wɔːm)
1. characterized by or having a moderate degree of heat; moderately hot
2. maintaining or imparting heat: a warm coat
3. having or showing ready affection, kindliness, etc: a warm personality
4. lively, vigorous, or passionate: a warm debate
5. cordial or enthusiastic; ardent: warm support
6. quickly or easily aroused: a warm temper
7. (of colours) predominantly red or yellow in tone
8. (of a scent, trail, etc) recently made; strong
9. near to finding a hidden object or discovering or guessing facts, as in children's games
10. informal uncomfortable or disagreeable, esp because of the proximity of danger
vb (when intr, often foll by to) (often foll by to)
11. (sometimes foll by up) to raise or be raised in temperature; make or become warm or warmer
12. to make or become excited, enthusiastic, etc (about): he warmed to the idea of buying a new car
13. to feel affection, kindness, etc (for someone): I warmed to her mother from the start
14. (Brit) (tr) to give a caning to: I'll warm you in a minute
15. informal a warm place or area: come into the warm
16. informal the act or an instance of warming or being warmed
[Old English wearm; related to Old Frisian, Old Saxon warm, Old Norse varmr]
Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 10th Edition
Cite This Source
Word Origin & History
O.E. wearm, from P.Gmc. *warmaz (cf. O.S., O.Fris., M.Du., O.H.G., Ger. warm, O.N. varmr, Goth. warmjan "to warm"), from PIE *gwher- (cf. Skt. gharmah "heat;" O.Pers. Garmapada-, name of the fourth month, corresponding to June/July, from garma- "heat;" Arm. jerm "warm;" Gk. thermos "warm;" L. formus
"warm," fornax "oven;" O.Ir. fogeir "heated;" Hitt. war- "to burn"). The root also may be connected to that of O.C.S. goriti "to burn," varu "heat," variti "to cook, boil;" and Lith. verdu "to seethe." The distinction, based on degree of heat, between "warm" and "hot" is general in Balto-Slavic and Gmc., but in other languages one word often covers both (cf. L. calidus, Gk. thermos, Fr. chaud, Sp. caliente). In reference to feelings, etc., attested from c.1480. Sense in guessing games first recorded 1860, from earlier hunting use in reference to scent or trail (1713). Warm-blooded in ref. to mammals is recorded from 1793. Warm-hearted first recorded c.1500.
O.E. wyrman "make warm" and wearmian "become warm;" from the root of warm (adj.). Phrase warm the bench is sports jargon first recorded 1907. Warm up (v.) "exercise before an activity" is attested from 1868. In ref. to appliances, motors, etc., attested from 1947. Noun phrase
warm-up "act or practice of warming up" is recorded from 1915.
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper
Cite This Source
Example sentences for warming
Clouds clouds are another source of albedo that play into the global warming equation.
At times it seems he is warming to bec however his sister always talks him round.
A severe threat to the tundras, specifically to the permafrost, is global warming.
The underlying motivation for funding both companies is to help combat global warming.
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text:
Trust, Reciprocity, and Guanxi in China: An Experimental Investigation
AbstractWe examine the influence of social distance on levels of trust and reciprocity in China. Social distance, reflected in the indigenous concept of guanxi, is of central importance to Chinese culture. In Study 1, some participants participated in two financially salient trust games to measure behavior, one with an anonymous classmate and the other with an anonymous, demographically identical nonclassmate. Other participants, drawn from the same population, completed hypothetical surveys to gauge both hypothetical behavior and expectations of others. Social distance effects on actual and hypothetical behavior were statistically consistent. The results together corroborated the hypothesized negative relationship between trust and social distance. However, reciprocity was not responsive to social distance. Study 2 found that affect-based trust, but not cognition-based trust, played a mediating role in the relationship between social distance and interpersonal trust in a hypothetical scenario. We conclude that close guanxi ties in China engender affect-based trust, which is extended to shouren classmates. This is true despite the fact that no more cognition-based trust is placed nor reciprocity received or expected from classmates compared to demographically identical shengren nonclassmates.
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Bibliographic InfoPaper provided by University of Guelph, Department of Economics in its series Working Papers with number 1204.
Length: 37 pages
Date of creation: 2012
Date of revision:
Experiment; Affect-based Trust; China; Guanxi; Reciprocity; Trust; Social Distance;
Find related papers by JEL classification:
- C91 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Design of Experiments - - - Laboratory, Individual Behavior
- D03 - Microeconomics - - General - - - Behavioral Economics; Underlying Principles
- D69 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Other
This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:
- NEP-ALL-2012-02-20 (All new papers)
- NEP-CBE-2012-02-20 (Cognitive & Behavioural Economics)
- NEP-EVO-2012-02-20 (Evolutionary Economics)
- NEP-EXP-2012-02-20 (Experimental Economics)
- NEP-GTH-2012-02-20 (Game Theory)
- NEP-NET-2012-02-20 (Network Economics)
- NEP-SOC-2012-02-20 (Social Norms & Social Capital)
- NEP-TRA-2012-02-20 (Transition Economics)
Please report citation or reference errors to, or, if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
- Charness, Gary B & Rabin, Matthew, 2001.
"Understanding Social Preferences With Simple Tests,"
University of California at Santa Barbara, Economics Working Paper Series
qt0dc3k4m5, Department of Economics, UC Santa Barbara.
- Gary Charness & Matthew Rabin, 2002. "Understanding Social Preferences With Simple Tests," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 117(3), pages 817-869, August.
- Gary Charness & Matthew Rabin, 2003. "Understanding Social Preferences with Simple Tests," General Economics and Teaching _PHONE_, EconWPA.
- Charness, Gary & Rabin, Matthew, 2002. "Understanding Social Preferences with Simple Tests," Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt3d04q5sm, Department of Economics, Institute for Business and Economic Research, UC Berkeley.
- Charness, Gary & Rabin, Matthew, 2001. "Understanding Social Preferences with Simple Tests," Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt4qz9k8vg, Department of Economics, Institute for Business and Economic Research, UC Berkeley.
- Rabin, Matthew, 2002. "A Perspective on Psychology and Economics," Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt2wr3z049, Department of Economics, Institute for Business and Economic Research, UC Berkeley.
- Rabin, Matthew, 2002. "A perspective on psychology and economics," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 46(4-5), pages 657-685, May.
- George A. Akerlof, 1997. "Social Distance and Social Decisions," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 65(5), pages _PHONE_, September.
- Gary Bolton & Jordi Brandts & Axel Ockenfels, 1998.
"Measuring Motivations for the Reciprocal Responses Observed in a Simple Dilemma Game,"
Springer, vol. 1(3), pages 207-219, December.
- Bolton, G.E. & Brandts, J. & Ockenfels, A., 1997. "Measuring Motivations for the Reciprocal Responses Observed in a Simple Dilemma Game," UFAE and IAE Working Papers 400.97, Unitat de Fonaments de l'Anàlisi Econòmica (UAB) and Institut d'Anàlisi Econòmica (CSIC).
- Rongzhu Ke & Weiying Zhang, 2003. "Trust in China: A Cross-Regional Analysis," William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series 2003-586, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan.
- Rabin, Mathew, 2002. "A Perspective on Psychology and Economics," Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt4z78n1r9, Department of Economics, Institute for Business and Economic Research, UC Berkeley.
- Roy Y J Chua & Michael W Morris & Paul Ingram, 2009. "Guanxi vs networking: Distinctive configurations of affectand cognition-based trust in the networks of Chinese vs American managers," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 40(3), pages 490-508, April.
- Gunnthorsdottir, Anna & McCabe, Kevin & Smith, Vernon, 2002. "Using the Machiavellianism instrument to predict trustworthiness in a bargaining game," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 23(1), pages 49-66, February.
- James C. Cox & Cary A. Deck, 2005. "On the Nature of Reciprocal Motives," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 43(3), pages 623-635, July.
- Garbarino, Ellen & Slonim, Robert, 2009. "The robustness of trust and reciprocity across a heterogeneous U.S. population," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 69(3), pages 226-240, March.
- Daniel Z. Levin & Rob Cross, 2004. "The Strength of Weak Ties You Can Trust: The Mediating Role of Trust in Effective Knowledge Transfer," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 50(11), pages _PHONE_, November.
- Smith, Vernon L, 1976. "Experimental Economics: Induced Value Theory," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 66(2), pages 274-79, May.
- Smith, Vernon L, 1991. "Rational Choice: The Contrast between Economics and Psychology," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 99(4), pages 877-97, August.
- Buchan, Nancy & Croson, Rachel, 2004. "The boundaries of trust: own and others' actions in the US and China," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 55(4), pages 485-504, December.
- Berg Joyce & Dickhaut John & McCabe Kevin, 1995. "Trust, Reciprocity, and Social History," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 10(1), pages 122-142, July.
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Heritage and dream
We have no idea about the first musical sounds…
Was it the subtle whisper when the wind made a straw sway? Was it the rippling sound when water ran down a brook? Or, was it the human voice that first created music?
Who knows?
We do know, however, that for thousands of years there has been music: in rites, in dancing, for festivities and for comfort; or simply as a way of expressing human feelings when words are not enough.
We also know that there has been music in Skåne and around the coast of Öresund for thousands of years. Archeological finds of bronze horns are in fact the oldest wind instruments of their kind. The fact that such instruments were often found in pairs implies that they were played together, and hence; this maybe the place where brass music was first heard. So….
…Welcome to where it all began!
Scroll Up


text:
NA61/SHINE is a fixed target experiment operating at CERN SPS. Its main goals are to search for the critical point of strongly interacting matter and to study the onset of deconfinement. For these goals a scan of the two dimensional phase diagram (T−μB) is being performed at the SPS by measurements of hadron production in proton-proton, proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus interactions as a function of collision energy. In this paper the status of the search for the critical point of strongly interacting matter by the NA61/SHINE Collaboration is presented including recent results on proton intermittency, strongly intensive fluctuation observables of multiplicity and transverse momentum fluctuations. These measurements are expected to be sensitive to the correlation length and, therefore, have the ability to reveal the existence of the critical point via possible non-monotonic behavior. The new NA61/SHINE results are compared to the model predictions.
Предметные области Scopus
- Ядерная физика и физика высоких энергий


Speaking out about charities 19-10-06
Published in Real Issues No. 227, 19 October 2006
Charities expressed concern this week that under the Charities Act they could lose their charitable status if they become too vocal. The law has always allowed charities to engage in advocacy, as long as it is secondary to their main charitable purposes. The Charities Act preserves this position, and rightly so. As Green MP, Sue Bradford, points out, "Caring for the victims is essential work. But so is speaking out on their behalf...".
So what has changed, and why are charities concerned? From February 2007, the Act will require charities to register with the Charities Commission to claim certain benefits, such as tax privileges, and charities will face regular monitoring. If a charity does more than an incidental amount of advocacy, the Commission will not register it, or, if it is registered, will remove it from the register. But deciding when a charity passionately advancing a cause crosses the line will be an extremely difficult judgement for the Commission to make. This will mean that charities are likely to think twice before speaking out.
The government is attempting to encourage charitable giving through increased tax privileges announced this week. While this is a praiseworthy initiative, it would also mean that charities would have even more to lose from de-registration.
While de-registration could be more of a fear than a reality, it is likely the fear itself will have a dampening effect, and the public square needs an involved and vocal charitable sector. The Commission must be scrupulous in ensuring that the legitimate advocacy of charities is not at risk. Charities advocate in accord with their purpose, and on all sides of the debate. In doing so, they add immeasurably to the richness of public discourse.
Read the Charities Act here


text:
Links and info around children, young people & the media.
October 2, 2013
NEWS: A2C2: Engaging youth to raise awareness about climate change issues
A2C2 is about engaging youth to use their unique voices to create compelling media content across different platforms about climate change issues. These youth–driven media products will be seen and heard by decision makers across the Pacific to raise awareness about climate change issues and adaptation options.
Students from Vanuatu and Samoa have now had training on climate change and media including learning how to identify climate change versus weather. During the workshops youth expressed their frustration, fear, resilience and determination in facing climate change in their communities.


Fix This Page
Text Indexes
MongoDB provides text indexes to support text search queries on string content. text indexes can include any field whose value is a string or an array of string elements.
To perform text search queries, you must have a text index on your collection. A collection can only have one text search index, but that index can cover multiple fields.
For example you can run the following in a mongo shell to allow text search over the name and description fields:
db.stores.createIndex( { name: "text", description: "text" } )
See the Text Indexes section for a full reference on text indexes, including behavior, tokenization, and properties.


Johnny the Homicidal Maniac: Director's Cut Quiz | Eight Week Quiz A
Jhonen Vasquez
Buy the Johnny the Homicidal Maniac: Director's Cut Lesson Plans
Name: _________________________ Period: ___________________
Multiple Choice Questions
1. How does Squee's mother react when he tells her he is frightened?
(a) She doesn't respond because she is asleep.
(b) She ignores him and tells him to go see his father.
(c) She screams that she never wanted him.
(d) She tells him to stop worrying and go back to bed.
2. What does Squee do when he sees the survey taker?
(a) He knocks on Johnny's door to ask for help.
(b) He tells his parents.
(c) He screams and runs.
(d) He stops and asks him a question.
3. Who is Happy Noodle Boy?
(a) A character in a comic strip drawn by Johnny.
(b) Johnny's alter-ego.
(c) An inanimate object that serves as the voice of reason for Johnny.
(d) Squee's teddy bear.
4. Who is the first character to be introduced?
(a) Happy Noodle Boy.
(b) Shmee.
(c) Squee.
(d) Johnny.
5. What is the name of Squee's teddy bear?
(a) D-Boy.
(b) Shmee.
(c) Dixi.
(d) Mister Boo.
Short Answer Questions
1. Why is Squee frightened at the beginning of the book?
2. How does Squee's father respond when Squee tells him he is frightened?
3. What is Johnny's house number?
4. What does the survey taker say about Johnny's answers to his questions?
5. Who is Johnny's voice of insanity, who drives him further into his illness?
(see the answer key)
This section contains 283 words
(approx. 1 page at 300 words per page)
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text:
ypical model of pattern formation with three colors. They make a Polish flag (two colors) that is stable for more than 15 hours, but then a parasite emerges and consumes all of the resources very fast; they tried to push the parasite back but it's another story. I didn't understand how making a French flag reproduces an embryo.
Bo. Interesting observation: having a time-scale separation is a problem for simulations, because you need to wait a lot of fast events before doing a slow one. If you manage to coarse-grain the fast one then you can simulate more effectively. The question is: given a network with randomly chosen fast and slow rates, we want a criterion for whether we can do a fast-slow separation (I should really consider the fate of my marginal FR when you have a fast-slow time separation between the observable and the unobservable state spaces; discuss this with Gianmaria). (Another idea for coarse-graining is to consider the eigenvector associated to the dominant eigenvalue: if it is well localized, then one can coarse grain on the localized subspaces.) Bo: if the fast rates are strongly connected, then there is no hope to coarse grain. Otherwise, identify the blocks and coarse grain them. Example: Stochastic Michaelis-Menten with quasi-equilibrium or the slow complex formation hypothesis. (Would be nice to have a result for how the eigenvector behaves).
Skupin. Microscopic dynamics of a mitochondrion [Pietrobon 1985].


text:
Directly beneath the toolbar is the Layout Band. Here, you find two fields with different labels and functions, depending on the type of view you are creating:
- For tables, these fields are Columns and Groups.
- For charts, these fields are Columns and Rows.
- For crosstabs, these fields are Columns and Rows.
You can drag and drop fields and measures into these boxes to populate your view.
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How to specify which recording device to use with python sounddevice
I want to use the following function twice.
This function converts live audio input into a wav file.
For the first time, I use my pc built-in microphone and for the second run, I use my headphone's microphone that I plugged in before I run the code.
But when I tried my function it used only my headphone's microphone:
import sounddevice as sd
from import write
from playsound import playsound
def audio_to_wav(dst, device):
 converts live audio to wav file
 :param dst: destination wav file
 # Sample rate:
 fs = 4410
 # Duration of recording:
 seconds = 5
 myrecording = sd.rec(int(seconds * fs), samplerate=fs, channels=2, device=device)
 # Wait until recording is finished:
 # Save as WAV file:
 write(dst, fs, myrecording)
In my main I called this function twice:
def main():
 # transfer mic1 audio to wav:
 audio_to_wav("file1.wav", 0)
 # transfer mic2 audio to wav:
 audio_to_wav("file2.wav", 1)
 # play the wav files audio:
But when i ran this code the function used only the headphone's microphone.
How can I use both my pc built-in microphone and my headphone's microphone at the same time?
The problem was that in the audio manager (in my case it's Realtek audio manager), the recording device advance settings were set to "Tie up same type of input jacks…".
When I changed it to "Separate all input jacks as independent input devices" it fixed the problem.
Leave a Reply


Etsy Launch: How To Open An Etsy Shop Like A Professional Seller | Tiffany Emery | Skillshare
Tiffany Emery, 7-Figure Etsy Seller & Etsy BusinesCoach
Tiffany Emery, 7-Figure Etsy Seller & Etsy BusinesCoach
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15 Lessons (1h 59m)
 - 1. Intro
 - 2. Welcome
 - 3. The Extraordinary Etsy Marketplace
 - 4. What Is The Etsy Algorithm?
 - 5. Why Launch?
 - 6. The 6 Rules of Etsy Engagement
 - 7. Rule 1: Create A Standout Marketable Product
 - 8. Rule 2: Create A Trustworthy Brand Image
 - 9. Rule 3: Take Scroll-Stopping Photography
 - 10. Rule 4: Write Descriptions That Eliminate Questions
 - 11. Rule 5: Set Competitive Pricing & Shipping Structures
 - 12. Rule 6: Understand Search & Research Your SEO
 - 13. LAUNCH! Part 1
 - 14. LAUNCH! Part 2
 - 15. Conclusion + Bonus Lesson Offer
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About This Class
Avoid the #1 mistake new sellers make and don't just OPEN your Etsy Shop, LAUNCH it!
Join 7-figure Etsy seller, Tiffany Emery, to learn step-by-step how to launch your creative business on Etsy. From creating a marketable product to branding and competitive pricing, Tiffany walks you through the ins & outs of how to find success on the Etsy platform.
This class provides a deep dive into the following topics:
 - Etsy Algorithm - The 2-step process that leads shoppers to your listing
 - Benefits of Launching - Why gradually opening can actually limit your success
 - The Rules of Etsy Engagement - How to create the most engaging, fully optimized listing for your shoppers
 - How to Set up Your Shop - Watch over Tiffany's shoulder as she walks you through a full tutorial of how to set up your first listing.
Follow along in your Pre-Launch Workbook, where you'll learn exactly where to focus for your best chance at Etsy success! After you complete this class, you'll be well on your way to building a successful online business on Etsy with an actionable punch list to get it done.
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Tiffany Emery
7-Figure Etsy Seller & Etsy BusinesCoach
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1. Intro: Hi, I'm Tiffany. I'm a small business owner, creative entrepreneur, and seven figure Etsy seller. In this class, I'll help you to bypass the number one mistake I see most new shop owners make. Not just open your shop, but instead launch your Etsy shop in each of your Etsy listings to their fullest potential. Etsy as a marketplace provides an incredible opportunity to launch a business. When I started my business, I was a new mom working my day job full-time and working on my Etsy shop in the market creating digital nursery artwork. I had no idea the power of this platform, but it has completely changed my life. There are so many items you can sell on Etsy, everything from handmade ceramics, jewelry, personalized items, vintage items, praecipes, even digital downloads, and so much more. I know that right now is non-pristine time so many people who need to pivot into a new career or extended online arm for their business. Or maybe they have this amazing skill, but they just didn't know how to leverage it into a business and have no idea where to start. Whether you're a maker, an artist, designer, or illustrator, there's plenty of room for you on Etsy. Etsy can be the perfect launching ground for a new business. As a seasoned seller, I'm going to teach you exactly where I would focus today in opening a shop or publishing a new listing. I'll break down what matters most when it comes to getting sales on Etsy, and that is engagement. What is it and how do we get it? I'll share my six rules of Etsy engagement and teach you how to engage with the human shoppers who are trying to find you and me, Etsy machine that will bring them right to your virtual front door. Then come look over my shoulders as I actually opened a shop and follow along with my punch list of items to get it done in your pre-launch workbook. It's your dream to work for yourself, make your own hours and spend more time with your family. While creating what you love, Etsy offers you an enormous opportunity to launch the career of your dreams as a creative entrepreneur. If not now, then when? I believe in you and I'm here to show you how to put your best foot forward into the extraordinary empty marketplace. Come along with me, let me take you by the hand and let's launch an Etsy shop. 2. Welcome: Welcome to the class. My name is Tiffany Emery, and I'm a full-time Etsy seller, and have been selling on Etsy for the last six years through my shop, Adorn Studio. I am so thrilled that you're here. You've made a really important decision, getting educated about Etsy, and that's going to pay off for you in the long run. But before we get started, I did want to be sure to draw your attention to the projects and resources tab where you'll find your pre-launch workbook. This workbook is going to be your class project, that you'll be working through as you prepare to launch your Etsy shop. Now, we do have some work ahead of us, but don't let that sway you from digging in and getting started. I want to share with you the number one mistake that most new shop owners make, to encourage you as you prepare for your launch. What most of new shop owners do, is they basically have no idea how to launch a shop. The path that they usually take, is to gradually open their shop. They figure out their shop name and, then they open their shop. They wait a little while, and then decide to start working on a listing. Then they come up against listing items that they aren't familiar with, or maybe they just don't understand the importance of them. They half fill out a listing. Maybe they have some good photos, or maybe not, but they figured they can upload what they have, and then come back and keep working on their photos later. They usually have no idea what SEO is, which we'll cover in this course. That's completely left out, and then they publish their listing. Then after some time passes, they realize that their shop isn't doing so well. They'll do some research and figure out that they needed to work on their photography. To do that for a little bit, or they needed to optimize [inaudible] for the Etsy search engine so they work on that for a little bit, and little by little, by little, they gradually open the full door to their Etsy shop. Friends, this is a huge mistake. There are a number of reasons why you shouldn't gradually open your shop, and instead launch your shop strong and fully optimized. I'm going to explain them to you throughout this course. But just note that your pre-launch workbook will take you some time, and that's okay. In fact, it's a good thing. It's going to give you an edge over what most sellers do incorrectly. Just remember, it's not a race, it's a strategic launch. You need to prepare to fully throw the doors of your shop open, and launch for the highest probability of success on Etsy. Your pre-launch book is designed to walk you step-by-step through how to prepare for your launch. You'll be ready to launch your shop, and your first listing when you've completed all six sections of the workbook for at least one listing. You'll work through your workbook for each listing that you launch. The workbook includes the following sections: Section 1, Market Research; Section 2, Branding Basics; Section 3, Photography; Section 4, Descriptions; Section 5, Pricing and Shipping Structures; and Section 6, SEO Basics. Once you've completed all the items in your workbook, you're ready to launch your shop. In the last two lessons of this class, I'll walk you through exactly how to do that. So take your time and get it right for the highest payoff possible for all of your hard work. Now let's get started. 3. The Extraordinary Etsy Marketplace: In this lesson, I want to talk about what sets Etsy apart as a marketplace, because it's truly an extraordinary place to sell. Etsy touts itself as a global marketplace and community of sellers empowered to make a living doing what they love, while allowing buyers to find the unique items that


Maps of World
Current, Credible, Consistent
World Map / Greenland Map / Geography / Is Greenland a continent?
Is Greenland a continent?
There is a big controversy about whether Greenland is a continent or an island. Many people are of the opinion that Greenland is a continent but scientific and other data oppose this presumption thoroughly. In history Greenland was given a status of a continent but after a few years its position was downgraded. It has been included in the continent of North America now. However Greenland enjoys the position of being the biggest non-continental island under the sun.
There is a big debate on why Australia is a continent and Greenland is being deprived of this status. Scientists call those islands continents which has a fully separate tectonic plate. The continental crust also has to be stable. Uniqueness of the flora and fauna of the area is also taken into consideration while declaring an island a continent. Moreover the people of Greenland consider themselves as the residents of an island rather than a continent. Though Greenland geologically is a part of the continent of North America it has more cultural and traditional attachment to Europe. Many scientists argue that if a separate tectonic plate is the determinant of a continent and an island then Antarctica should also be an island. If geological argument has to be considered impartially then an island like Madagascar should also get a status of a continent and make Europe and Asia a same continent. When Australia and Greenland are taken into consideration Australia of course wins because the continent of Australia is totally separate and has some unique species of life in it and there is no existence of continent of Greenland till now.
For further info please get in touch with us at


text:
What does CBT mean in Unclassified?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand CBT in the Miscellaneous field in general and in the Unclassified terminology in particular.
Find a translation for CBT in other languages:
Select another language:
What does CBT mean?
- Cognitive behavioral therapy


text: What is Teen Fiction? Teen Fiction includes stories that are aimed at young adults and teens. Teen Fiction is often about teenagers and set in high schools, but it doesn't have to be. Sometimes, Teen Fiction describes the challenges faced by young people and the challenges of growing up. Chat with other Teen readers and authors here.


'Cinderella' - biaxial liquid crystal - is found at last
Cinderella is found at last
The X-ray scattering pattern on the front cover of Physical Review Letters shows that there are two different correlation lengths in the biaxial liquid crystal of goethite particles.
Recent research at the DUBBLE beamline has proved the existence of liquid crystals with two main axes. Liquid crystals with a single main axis are already used in LCDs (liquid crystal displays), but crystals with two main axes can make computer monitors and optical switches much faster, as well as opening doors to new 3D technologies.
For decades, researchers have been on a quest for the 'Cinderella' of liquid crystals, a so-called biaxial. Some years ago, the formation of such liquid crystals with two main axes by complex banana-shaped molecules was reported. However, these results were contested, as some researchers believed that the observations might have originated from the complex internal structure of the crystals, which are not necessarily biaxial.
Researchers from Utrecht University, The Netherlands, have now proved the existence of biaxial liquid crystals in a much simpler system of inorganic colloidal particles, which are able to spontaneously form biaxial liquid crystals. The proof was obtained using DUBBLE, a facility which allows Dutch and Flemish researchers to experiment using X-rays at the ESRF () in Grenoble, France.
If you press your finger onto an - which is not actually recommended - you'll see some movement around the finger. This is because of the liquid crystals (LCs), which can flow like a liquid. However, in contrast to ordinary liquids, LCs consist of elongated molecules which all face the same way along the main axis. The properties of LCs are therefore anisotropic. For instance, the for light depends on whether the light is polarised along the main axis or along the other two directions. You can adjust the direction these molecules face using electric voltage. These effects are exploited in your LCD screen to manipulate light with electric signals to produce the image.
The molecules in the liquid crystals in your LCD screen arrange themselves along a single axis. Rod-like molecules align their long side parallel to each other while they can easily rotate in the other directions. There are also LCs formed by disc-shaped molecules, which align their shortest sides parallel. In both cases, the length or width is clearly different from the other two dimensions. It was predicted as far back as forty years ago, however, that molecules with different lengths, widths and thicknesses would be able to align along both the longest and shortest axes. This theory has now been proved for the first time during experiments with the DUBBLE.
The scientists studied spontaneous formation of liquid crystals by disc-like particles of the mineral goethite. They used X-rays at the DUBBLE beamline to reveal the 3D structure of the liquid crystals. In the nematic phase the particles appeared to be able to align in all three dimensions, the length, the width and the thickness, parallel to each other. The prediction from 40 years ago was finally confirmed. The research results were published in December 2009 on the cover of the prestigious journal Physical Review Letters.
The particles of goethite with a simple disc-like shape have now provided the first clear proof for biaxial structure. However, the particles that the researchers used for their experiments are not immediately usable for new screen or super-fast optical switches just yet. These particles absorb too much light, and they are still a bit too large and therefore too slow. The principle is extremely promising, however.
DUBBLE (the Dutch Belgian Beamline) is one of the thirty measurement facilities around the synchrotron ring at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) in Grenoble. DUBBLE can access the that are generated by the ESRF synchrotron for research purposes. The radiation is particularly intense and covers virtually the full wavelength of the electromagnetic spectrum. Using X-ray scattering, scientists can study structures between 1 and 1000 millionths of a millimetre (i.e. 1 nanometre to 1 micron) in size. Over the past four years, scientists have used this technique to investigate materials such as large proteins, liquid crystals, colloidal crystals, supercooled water, polymers and skin.
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Citation: 'Cinderella' - biaxial liquid crystal - is found at last (2010, February 12) retrieved 23 September 2021 from _URL_
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XMM-Newton Science Analysis System: User Guide
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Next: 4.8.3 Generating source and background spectra in one go Up: 4.8 EPIC spectral analysis Previous: 4.8.1 Generating spectra
4.8.2 Creating response matrices
Analysis of EPIC data products is generally performed by specialised software packages including Xspec[26], Ximage [14] or Xronos[13] (_URL_ In addition to the calibrated products, some of these packages require the generation of specific files. In particular, the spectral fitting technique used by Xspec requires a characterization of the EPIC detector response to simulate an output spectrum observed by EPIC. The response function gives the probability that an incoming photon of energy E will be detected in a channel I. This discrete function can be calculated as a product of a Redistribution Matrix File (RMF) by an Auxiliary Response File (ARF). These response files shield the user from the complexity of the EPIC instrument response which varies across the field of view.
There are currently two approaches to obtain RMF redistribution matrix files:
 1. The user can make use of ready made (canned) response matrices made available by the EPIC team and accessible through the EPIC Response Files page at
 They are virtually identical to the files produced by the SAS task rmfgen.
 Special care must be taken in choosing the appropriate canned RMFs as they depend on the readout mode, the pattern selection, the observation date and the position of the source.
 2. The user can also create the RMF using the rmfgen task (rmfgen might take some time to complete, depending on the hardware). The input spectrum file contains the necessary ancillary information to allow the correct response to be made. It corrects for instrumental effects specific to the spectrum and writes the result to a specified dataset.
The RMFs are spatially dependent for both MOS and pn. If source extraction regions are large, e.g. for extended sources, timing mode data or complex regions containing many excluded sources, it is important to specify an appropriate number of detector map bins to allow the SAS to calculate an average response matrix (also see § 4.8.5). It is recommended to use 160 bins in each dimension by:
rmfgen spectrumset= rmfset= detxbins=160 detybins=160
The ARF response file of the EPIC camera shall then be generated by the task arfgen. This task calculates an effective area curve as a function of energy, to be used in conjunction with the RMF file generated before. For each row of the RMF there is a corresponding element in the 1-D ARF. This is normally adjusted by specifying the previously generated response matrix as an input file to the arfgen task.
The arfgen task generates an ARF file taking into account the following effects:
 1. Telescope effective area including vignetting by the RGA structure for the MOS cameras,
 2. EPIC filter transmission,
 3. EPIC CCD quantum efficiency,
 4. Region and pattern selections,
 5. Fraction of the PSF in the accumulation region (including chip gap, bad pixel and out of observing window effects),
 6. Out-of-time events smearing (pn).
The above effects generally depend on the source position in the EPIC field of view. Spatial response variation over an extended source is also taken into account (see § 4.8.5).
As of SAS v12, a full 2-D parameterisation of the PSF as a function of camera, energy and off-axis angle covering the whole field of view is available as the default mode. A full description of the PSF modeling is available at [38]. The 2-D PSF parameters are included in the ELLBETA extension of the PSF CCFs. ELLBETA supersedes all previous PSF models used so far. Users can still access the parametrization of old models through calview, which reads the corresponding extensions of the PSF CCF constituent, or by selecting the appropriate value in the input parameters of those tasks (e.g., arfgen through its input parameter psfmodel), which make use of the PSF.
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European Space Agency - XMM-Newton Science Operations Centre


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Time and key signatures are vital parts of musical notation so, unsurprisingly, KS3 music students must familiarise themselves with both. This quiz on basic time and key signatures will help!
You will find quavers and beats in relation to time and key signatures in music. The time signature tells us how many beats are in each bar and which type of note makes up each beat. The key signature tells us which key the music should be played in. It's made up of sharps and flats on the staff and is written immediately after the clef at the beginning of a line of music.
'Life is like music, it must be composed by ear, feeling and instinct, not by rule. Nevertheless one had better know the rules, for they sometimes guide in doubtful cases,' so said Samuel Butler. Let's see if you know the rules in this quiz on basic time and key signatures.


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Comparing algorithms of dissimilar performance order, such as O(nlogn) for STL sort and O(kn) for Radix-Sort, should provide insight about when one algorithm is expected to be better than another. The comparison is easier to see if the orders are put in a similar form, such as O(log2(n)*n) and O(k*n). Both formulas have an n term in common, and thus the comparison is between log2(n) and k. Another way to see this is to divide the two formulas. In this case, n cancels out and log2(n)/k ratio remains. If log2(n) is bigger than k, the ratio will be bigger than 1. If k is bigger, the ratio will be less than 1.
Table 8 demonstrates this relationship. It shows that log2(n) increases by one when n doubles -- which follows from one of the rules of logarithms, where log( m*n ) = log(m) + log(n). In this case, log2( 2*n ) = log2(2) + log2(n) = 1 + log2(n). The second portion of the table shows that for log2(n)to double, n has to square, which follows from another rule of logarithms, where m*log(n) = log(nm), where m=2 in this case.
In Table 8 one of the entries is log2(4.3*109)=32 -- for example, n = 4.3E+9, or 4.3 billion. For this case, when the array contains 4.3 billion elements, then O(log(n)*n ) = 32*4.3*109, which is the estimate of the number of comparisons for the STL sort algorithm.
For Binary-Radix Sort, the order is O(k*n), where k is the number of bits in each element. If the elements are 32-bits each, then O(k*n) = 32*4.3*109 operations for an array with 4.3 billion elements. In this case, the estimates for STL sort and Binary-Radix Sort are equal. For the case of 8-bit elements, Binary-Radix Sort estimate is 8*4.3*109, whereas STL estimate stays at 32*4.3*109, predicting Binary-Radix Sort to be faster. For the case of 64-bit elements, the Binary-Radix-Sort estimate is 64*4.3*109, whereas STL estimate stays at 32*4.3*109, predicting STL sort to be faster.
These examples demonstrate that STL sort performance is estimated only from the number of elements in the array and not their size, whereas Binary-Radix Sort is estimated from the number of bits of each element and the number of elements. The order formulas predict that Binary-Radix Sort should be faster than STL sort (actually any optimal comparison sort) when the elements are made of a few bits, but that STL sort should be faster when the element size is large.
Tables 9 show measured performance comparisons. Intel IPP does not implement 8-bit and 64-bit signed integer sorting in non-Radix and Radix sorting.
Table 9 provides a lot of information, with several notables:
- All algorithms performed consistently with their unsigned counterparts (when existed), where signed and unsigned performance was nearly equal.
- IPP Radix Sort is significantly faster than all other algorithms for 16 and 32-bit signed -- 8X and about 3X faster respectively than the closest competitor.
- Order predictions hold accurately for Hybrid Binary-Radix Sort for 8, 16 and 32-bit cases, where the performance decreases by 2X as the number of bits (k) increases by 2X. However, for 64-bit case the performance does not decrease by 2X as predicted, but increases by about 16%.
- Order prediction is not accurate for STL sort, expecting the performance not to depend on the size of array elements, but only on the number of elements. However, STL sort performance decreases by 2X as the number of bits increases by 2X, for 8, 16 and 32-bit cases, but not for 64-bit.
- Order prediction for STL sort to beat Binary-Radix Sort did not hold for up to 64-bits.
At first it may seem that Binary-Radix sort is a good candidate for multicore and multithreading. It splits the data set into two portions and then splits those further recursively. However, the split of the array is data dependent. In other words, the split will not always be even, which leads to uneven load balancing. This may be one of the reasons that Intel did not multithread its Radix-Sort implementation.
In-place Hybrid Binary-Radix Sort (MSD-style) algorithm was developed and improved through several performance optimizations. Insertion Sort was used at the bottom of the recursion tree. Over 40% performance improvement was achieved from the initial implementation, by removing redundant operations. The implementation was extended to handle unsigned and signed integers from 8-bits to 64-bits. A data-type-aware generic interface, overloaded functions, was used to encapsulate unique unsigned and signed implementations under a common interface. The resulting algorithm compared favorably with STL sort implementation, outperforming it by at least 15% for random input data and 32 & 64-bit increasing and decreasing data sets.
Comparison to Intel's IPP sort (in-place) and Radix sort (not in-place) was also performed, where IPP's Radix Sort was found to perform 20X, 8X and about 3X faster for 8-bit, 16-bit and 32-bit unsigned respectively. Hybrid Binary-Radix Sort outperformed IPP's sort for 16 and 32-bit data types, but lagged by 20X for 8-bit unsigned data type.
Inconsistencies in using algorithm order for performance prediction were found for STL sort for most data sizes, whereas Hybrid Binary-Radix Sort was predicted consistently except for 64-bit data size.
A further hybrid in-place algorithm can be evolved by combining the best attributes of Intel's IPP algorithms with in-place Hybrid Binary-Radix Sort. For instance, the high-performance IPP 8-bit in-place sort can be integrated under the generic interface developed. For the 8-bit unsigned overloaded function implementation, Intel's IPP sort function would be called. The combined algorithm would retain its generic interface, but yet would have data type specific optimized implementations. This leads to "generic data type adaptive" algorithms, which would retain a generic interface and adapt to perform optimally for each data type. Purely generic algorithms miss this opportunity, as well as the 20X performance improvement shown for 8-bit data types.
Floating-point support would be a nice extension. Intel IPP sorting routines support floating-point: single and double-precision. Creating a more sophisticated generic implementation, such as STL's, would allow custom classes to be sorted. The use of iterators would reduce the number of items passed to each level of recursion from currently 4 down to 3 (first and last iterator, and bitMask), possibly improving performance.
 Intel Integrated Performance Primitives for Intel Architecture, Reference Manual, Volume 1: Signal Processing, August 2008, pp. 5-57 - 5-61.
Jim Vaught of Arxan Defense Systems -- personal discussion.
 V. J. Duvanenko, Algorithm Improvement through Performance Measurement: Part 1, Dr. Dobb's
 Scott Miller of Arxan Defense Systems -- personal discussion.


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Afghan hound, © Kent & Donna Dannenbreed of dog developed as a hunter in the hill country of Afghanistan. It was once thought to have originated several thousand years ago in Egypt, but there is no evidence for this theory. It was brought to Europe in the late 19th century by British soldiers returning from the Indian-Afghan border wars.
The Afghan hound hunts by sight and, in its native Afghanistan, has been used to pursue leopards and gazelles. The animal is adapted to rough country by the structure of its high, wide hipbones. A long-legged dog, the Afghan stands 25 to 27 inches (63.5 to 68.5 cm) high and weighs from 50 to 60 pounds (23 to 27 kg). It has floppy ears, a long topknot, and a long, silky coat of various but usually solid colours. The coat is especially heavy on the forequarters and hindquarters; the Afghan carries its slim tail in an upright curve. The Afghan's appearance has been described as "aristocratic, with a farseeing expression."


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Also known as "sea wolf" or "sea elephant", the common lobster is a large crustacean with firm flesh and intense flavor. It lives in the rocky depths of the Atlantic and the Mediterranean, at a depth ranging between 15 and 200 meters. In general, the average length of a specimen is around 30/40 cm, but in some cases it can exceed 60 cm. Although the common lobster is often assimilated to the red lobster because of its shape and size, the common lobster belongs to a different species and has specific characteristics.
The difference between common lobster and red lobster
The common lobster, whose scientific name is homarus, is part of the family of nephropods. Unlike the red lobster, it has a smooth carapace and two large front claws, which it uses to attack its prey and defend itself from predators. The two crustaceans also differ in taste, which in the case of the common lobster is less sweet and more pronounced. This makes it the ideal ingredient for refined first courses, such as risotto or exquisite lobster linguini.
What is the Blue Lobster?
The homarus gammarus, also known as "blue lobster", is the least common and most prized variety. It differs from the American homarus by the bluish reflections of its armour, as well as by its extremely tender and tasty flesh. In nature, there are some lobster specimens which have a real intense blue pigmentation, fruit of a genetic defect, but these are very rare cases (about one specimen every two million). Blue lobster terminology, therefore, refers to European lobster, which is more difficult to find on the market and, consequently, considered more valuable than American lobster.
At the restaurant "Il Piccolo Mondo" you can find seasonal dishes and fresh seafood specialities every day. If you want to taste delicious linguine with blue lobster or an excellent lobster, come and visit us in via Aurora 39, a few steps from via Veneto. You will not regret it!
For reservations, please contact us on 06 42016034.


MicrasWiki:Nouvelle Alexandrie
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File:NAF States 1693AN.png
Map of Nouvelle Alexandrie down to the state level.
The Federation of Nouvelle Alexandrie is a nation located in the world of Micras, with its metropole based on the continents of Eura and Keltia. It was formed in 1685 AN, after years of integration talks between the nations of Alduria and the Wechua Nation through the Committee for Alduro-Wechu Integration. The Federation's capital is the city of Cárdenas.
Nouvelle Alexandrie is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary democracy. Its monarch and head of state is King Manco Cápac I. The Council of State, led by a President of the Government, is the collective head of government of the Federation. The Proclamation of Punta Santiago is the Federation's founding document and the cornerstone of the nascent Federation's unified legal code.
The Federation is home to many different peoples and cultures. Through Alduria, the cultures of Eura are represented through its Alexandrian, Caputian, Natopian, Babkhi, and Ladino heritage. The Wechua Nation in Keltia is home to one of its indigenous people, the Wechua people, along with the Alexandrian and Caputian peoples. Nouvelle Alexandrie is the intersection of these cultures, leading to the development of rich and complicated history and culture, with its own customs and pecularities.
The World of Micras
A map of the Alduro-Wechua Federation, lands in purple.
If you want to explore the world of Micras, please check out the following links:
The world of Micras is the fictional conworld that Alduria-Wechua is located on. The Federation has land on two continents, Eura and Keltia. The Micronational Cartography Society (commonly known as the MCS) is the central cartographic authority in Micras. The Society maps all the nations in Micras, large or small, providing they meet a basic set of criteria for age and activity. The MCS keeps the map up to date and provides other services for its members like the use of the Hub.MN message board.
You can find the latest MCS maps here: _URL_
Important Micras Links: Hub.MN Community Forums · Micras.org · Bastion Union
Micras Discord Server · Micras Cartographic Society
Did you know...? (Nouvelle Alexandrie edition)
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Kids Art Project: Create a Floral Landscape With Oil Pastels | Em Winn | Skillshare
Kids Art Project: Create a Floral Landscape With Oil Pastels
Em Winn, Teacher, Art Instructor, Artist
Play Speed
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3 Lessons (14m)
 - 1. Floral Oil Pastel Introduction
 - 2. Step 1: Background and Outline
 - 3. Step 2: Applying Color to Painting
About This Class
Follow along with me as we create a fun and fabulous oil pastel masterpiece!
Designed with beginners in mind, this Floral Landscape oil pastel project is perfect for children ages 8-12 years old. Students will learn basic oil pastel techniques and apply these techniques to complete their project. This project is designed to give children the tools they need to begin their artistic journey into self-expression, reflection, and creative thinking.
The teaching process used is a kid-tested, step-by-step method that will both inspire and delight your child into painting action!
Let's start creating!
1. Floral Oil Pastel Introduction: Hey, friends. How are you? I hope you're having a great day today. This is the piece of artwork that we're going to be creating today. So I hope you are excited about this lesson. I know that I'm excited about teaching it. It's going to be, ah, land escape. Seen with some flowers in the forefront, some mountains in the middle and the sunshine in the back. So we're going to be doing some spearing. We're going to be doing some color application and yeah, it's going to be, Ah, fun lesson. So let's get started. 2. Step 1: Background and Outline: all right. A. So the first thing that we're going to do is we're going to apply some of our white oil pastel to our black paper so my oil pest ill is covered with this piece of paper. So what I'm going to want to dio is I'm going to want to peel that off first. Get that peeled off. And I know that some people don't like to break thes, but they're easier to work with if you break them. So I'm going to break that in half, and I'm going to set my other piece aside. And what I'm basically going to do is I'm going to cover this whole piece of black paper, what with this white oil pastel. So I'm going to start here and notice I'm going to be using this side. I'm going to be using the side of my oil. Pasto. I'm gonna show you why it covers a lot more quickly if you take the end of it and you go like this color with the end. It does have a lot of nice coverage. However, it will take a long, long time to do it that way. So one tip one trick that you could dio is peel your oil pastel and then put it on its side and then you can get very quick coverage. So I'm going to cover my whole entire peace of black paper with this oil pastel, the white one. So almost finished all the way down. I'm pressing quite hard. I want to get it on their Really, Really? Well, okay, so now I'm doing with that part. Looks a little bit like this snowstorm. Okay, so I feel pretty good about this. Now, if you take a look at this piece of oils pastel, it's pretty small in pretty thin. So I'm going to do some drawing right now, and what I'm going to have to do is get my other piece, which is right here to do some actual drawing. So we're going to sketch out the drawing, the artwork that we're going to be coloring in with different colors. So let's go ahead and do that now. So this is going to be a seen a landscape. So we're going to have some flowers in the foreground, which you're going to be closest to us. Then in the middle, we're going to have some mountains and then in the back, we're going to have a big sunshine. Okay, so the first thing that we're going to start out with or some flowers and you get to choose how many flowers you'd like this project works best if they're big and bold. So I'm going to show you the kind of flowers that I'm going to make. And I'm basically just going to outline. And it is a little bit tricky to see the outline, because what I'm doing is I'm putting Ah, white oil pesto on. Now, what is a white background? But you can still see it. I'm going to put one here. Maybe one here. This type of a flower Lipsey, that broke these. I have to say these air very fragile. Which means that they can break very easily. But that's no problem, because that's just the way that they are. Okay, so I have one flower here. I have one flower here, and I'm going to make one more, maybe half of a flower here. Make that into a daisy, maybe put another row of pedals behind the first row. Now I'm going to make some stems some nice thick systems coming down. And what's also nice about oil, Pastel, if you mess up, if you feel like you make a mistake, it doesn't really matter, because we're going to go over this whole piece of paper with more color. Okay, so now I'm going to put some some mountains in the back, and they're going to be very simple and big and bold. So here's one right here. And then I'm going to put another one, maybe right here. And then I'll put another one right here. So three flowers in the foreground and then three mountains in the middle. And I see a little area right here where I need Teoh. Maybe bring that over. That's going to be where the ground is. Right here. So this will be the ground. This will be the mountains. Now, up for the sunshine. I'm going to make the sun shine spread across the whole piece of paper. So I'd like to put maybe a circle here and then another circle and then maybe some lines coming out for my son. Shine raise coming all the way out, and I'm going off the edge of the paper. See how now if there's a different type of the sun and that you'd like to make, please go ahead and do that. So it it might be a little bit difficult to see at this point, but it gives us just enough guidance that the lines give us just enough guidance. So when we start applying color, we will know exactly where the color is going to go. All right, I like how this looks. And the thing about this is, if you want to do something different, different types of flowers, different types of mountains if you want to make them more pointy or more flat, more like hills. Or if you don't even want the son, you can change that into a movie. Put it up in the in, the in the sky. Maybe with some stars. It's up to you. This is your artwork, all right. I'll see in the next video by 3. Step 2: Applying Color to Painting: Hey, friends. OK, so now what we're going to do is we are going to put some colors onto our piece of artwork. So what you want to do is you'll want to kind of think about some colors that you'd like to use. It doesn't have to be set if you choose to mix up the colors and make a different decision as you go. That happens all the time with artists. So but you might want to have a general idea of the colors that you'd like to use. For example, up in the sky, I am going to have just sun color. So they would be the warm colors which are maybe some red, yellow and orange up in the sky. Maybe down here will put some green but the mountains. Maybe I'll make different colors of blue and purple, and then the flowers. I'm just going to kind of see as I go, So that's what I'm going to be doing. What I'm going Teoh suggest, is because these air smaller areas when you are applying your color with your oil pastel, you you don't need to do this this side unless you come across some really big areas. You don't need to put your oil pastel onto this side, but, um, you can put it pointed straight down. Kind of like you would use a marker or crayon or a pin or something like this. A pencil. Okay, so that will give you the most coverage with your oil pastel. So what you'll want to dio is you can watch me, and I'm going to speed up this video while I work. Or you could go ahead and get started on your own piece of artwork. That would be fine. It's well, okay, here I go. - Already friends. So I'm finished, and I'm really happy with the way that this looks. It looks, in my view, it looks really, really great. I like how a little bit of the black is showing through the the oil pastel. If you feel like you like to smear some of the colors, that's one of the beauty of this particular type of, um, supply. This, this art supply, you could just smear things around, get


text: Many studies on functional differentiation of the spinal anterior column cells have been performed by Granit and other physiologists, but its histological appraisal has not been made yet. The author investigated various parts of the spinal cord of cats with glycogen staining, phosphorylase reaction and keto-enolic granula staining. The large cells of the lateral nuclei in the anterior column cell group of the cervical and lumbar enlargements had strongly positive phosphorylase reaction and more glycogen and keto-enolic granules, while in the thoracic anterior column or in the medial nuclei of the cervical and lumbar enlargements, the larger cell group was hardly seen and there were mostly the smaller cell groups with negative or extremely weak phosphorylase reaction, less glycogen and less keto-enolic granules. The author has stated in Part I that the white muscle fiber has more phosphorylase and less dehydrogenase, while the red muscle fiber has more dehydrogenase and less phosphorylase. From these facts as stated above, it is considered that the anterior column cells of the lateral nuclei of the cervical and lumbar enlargements innervating the muscles of the extremities with phasic movement are the larger ones and have different metabolic system from that of the smaller cell group of the thoracic anterior column or the medial nuclei innervating the muscles of trunk with tonic function.


Code Question – Air-Sampling Network Smoke Detection
Code Question – "Does the Annex A recommendation for located a smoke detector not closer than 3 feet from a supply or return air opening also apply to air-sampling network smoke detection?"
An air sampling-type smoke detector, commonly called an aspirating smoke detector, uses piping to draw air from a protected space back to a sensing chamber for detection. Modern air sampling detectors typically use a photoelectric type detection to provide high sensitivity detection.
Air sampling detectors sometimes get confused with duct smoke detectors. While both may use "tubes" for detection, they are completely different types of detectors. Duct smoke detectors are designed to detect smoke in the HVAC system with the primary purpose of HVAC shutdown to prevent the spread of smoke. Duct detectors may be mounted in the duct but are primarily mounted externally and use sampling tubes with holes in them that extend into the duct to sample the air in the duct.
Air sampling detectors use piping run through the protected area with sampling port holes in the pipe. The piping system is connected to an aspirating fan that draw air into the piping and transports it to the detection unit which detects smoke or other fire products. of NFPA 72 requires that each sampling port be treated as a spot-type smoke detector for purposes of location and spacing (unless performance based design criteria has been applied). The airflow produced by the system fan is not enough to significantly effect smoke flow around the protected space, so sampling ports must be treated as a passive device like a spot type smoke detector.
NFPA 72, 17.7.4 states that spaces served by air handling systems shall not locate detectors where airflow prevents operation of detectors. Annex A, A.17.7.4, recommends that detectors not be located in the direct airflow or closer than 36 inches from air supply diffuser or return air opening. This recommendation is intended to prevent airflow from diluting smoke or delaying smoke reaching the detector, both of which can significantly delay detection.
It is important to note that this is recommendation Annex A material, which makes it a "should" (recommendation, but not a requirement). The recommendation should be accommodated if reasonable, but not meeting the recommendation does not violate the requirements of the code.
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