We have answered the most asked questions about Essex, so you don't have to.
Back in the 'good old days' we used to visit the library or look in an encyclopedia for answers to our many questions.
Luckily everything is a lot more immediate these days and we have all of the world's answers at our fingertips, even if it's about our hometown.
It turns out people have a lot of burning questions about Essex, some more random than others and have turned to Google for answers.
When you start typing a query into the Google search bar, there are a list of prompted questions and suggestions of what you might be looking for.
Other commonly searched questions can also be found on Answer The Public.
Here are the answers to some of the most searched questions about Essex:
Why is Essex so famous?
There's a lot more to Essex than meets the eye, steeped in history our glorious county has many stories to tell.
Colchester was the very first capital city in Britain and the town is now regarded as the oldest in the country.
Our coastline is also the longest in the country, stretching 350 miles.
There are a number of famous people from Essex too including Dame Helen Mirren, Joe Pasquale and Mark Foster, the olympic swimmer.
Why are the Essex marshes under threat?
The salt marshes can be found all along the Essex coast from the River Thames to the River Stour and Harwich on the border with Suffolk.
Often branded as the unsung heroes saving our coastlines, the salt marshes act as a refuge for a wide range of fish and birds, they also help to capture CO2.
Essex Marsh (Image - Pixabay)
However, the coastal marshes have been disappearing rapidly with up to 60 per-cent being eroded by the sea in the last 20-years.
There are a number of successful schemes to restore salt marshes across Essex, reclaiming land once taken for agriculture and turning it back into wetland.
When is Essex day?
Essex Day, also known as Saint Cedd day, falls on October 26.
The celebration recognises the values, history and cultural traditions of the county and the work of Saint Cedd.
When did Essex become a county?
As a county Essex gained administrative, political and legal functions.
When was Southend Pier built?
Southend Pier is the longest pleasure pier in the world, stretching 1.34 miles, it was built in 1830.
I know what you're thinking - why is it so long?
Southend Pier is 1.34 miles long (Image - Unsplash)
Before the pier was built the town wanted to maximise prime trade from London, it was close enough to get the people in and far enough away to still feel like a different place.
However, the Thames Estuary has a dramatic tide and as a result arrival in Southend by boat from London was too unknown, due to the miles of mud that would stop vessels from reaching the shore at low tide.
As a result, the pier was erected at 1.34 miles long to facilitate for the changing tide - meaning boats could dock as they pleased.
What are Essex guys like?
Whether the people asking this question were thinking of cast members from The Only Way is Essex or the country bumpkins of our county, we aren't quite sure.
There's a lot to say about guys from Essex, with hundreds of articles coming back from Google about why they are the best men to marry.
However, men from Essex were in fact voted the least romantic in the UK by their partners in a survey by Photobox in 2018.
What beaches in Essex are dogs allowed on?
Dogs are allowed on most of Essex's beaches, however partial bans run through the summer months of May to September so be sure to check the signage.
There are six main beaches in Essex that allow dogs all-year-round (Image - Unsplash).
There are a number of beaches your furry four-legged friends can enjoy throughout the year including:
 - Canvey Island - Thorney Bay
 - Irlam's Beach
 - Mersea Stone
 - Osea Island
 - The Naze
 - West Mersea
Is Essex a wealthy area?
Essex is known for having expensive hotspots across the county. The so-called 'Golden Triangle' consisting of Chigwell, Loughton and Buckhurst Hill in West Essex is historically known for attracting the richest of the rich.
Is Essex a good place to live?
We think Essex is a wonderful place to live, boasting vast countryside and coastline as well as bustling towns with plenty of places to indulge or take it easy.
The stunning towns of our county and more importantly the people of Essex make it a wonderful place to live.
Have you got a question about Essex that you think should be on the list? Let us know in the comments.


text:
NASHIK: The three-day science festival that concluded on May 1, saw a huge response by Nashikites from all quarters and a host of scientific creations by students.
The science festival organized by Vidnyan Prabodhini was an exhibition of scientific projects by the students of this Sunday science school. For three days beginning from April 29, students exhibited their science models and projects at Limaye Hall at Sarvajanik Vachnalaya. Amongst the different projects, the plastic bottle boat became very popular and it was tested in swimming pools and in the Godavari river.
The students took three months to make this boat. The bottles were held together with aluminium and copper frames. "Four hundred and eighty empty one-litre mineral water bottles were used for making the boat. It can carry around 200kg weight," said volunteer Sarang Shah. Most of the projects were based on mechanisms, on weather, civil engineering and chemistry. A voltaic cell that can generate electricity from lemon by copper and zinc plates was displayed.
Ice-cream sticks and toothpicks were used to make bridges. The toothpick bridge can bear 30kg weight while the ice-cream bridge can bear around 80-90 kg weight. Scientific puzzles and games were also on display.
Fifty displays on scientists from Charaka to Steven Hawking were exhibited, along with some information about them. Sixty students also displayed their science models and projects.
This is the second such exhibition by the Sunday science school.
Speaking more about the concept of this school, organizer and the brain behind the concept Rupesh Nerkar said, "The Sunday science school began last year with an aim to provide some practical knowledge to the students, explore their scientific imagination and encourage them in their efforts. The concept is that students spend two hours every Sunday throughout the year and get hands-on experience. The projects that are made by them throughout the year are displayed in an exhibition at the end of the year."

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Speaking Event: The Geometry and Physics of Numbers
The speaker is Matilde Marcolliprofessor of mathematics at California Institute of Technology.
"I will talk about how even very simple properties of numbers are in fact very mysterious and are at the root of some very active areas of research in modern mathematics. I will also show how our understanding of quantum physics and of elementary particles can help us shape our understanding of some of these fundamental questions on the properties of numbers. The mysteries surrounding prime numbers and prime factorization, in turn, have a broad impact on our information based society."
Matilde graduated with a Laurea in Physics from the University of Milano in 1993 and received her PhD in Mathematics from the University of Chicago in 1997. She worked at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology as well as at the Max-Planck Institute for Mathematics and at Florida State University. Currently she is Professor of Mathematics at the California Institute of Technology. Prizes and awards include the Heinz Maier Leibnitz Prize (2001) and the Sofja Kovalevskaya Award (2001).

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Eating Local, Eating Green: Finding, preparing chestnuts worth effort for unique treat
Not every local food is grown commercially. Many interesting and delicious foods take a bit of searching to find. These treasure hunts yield some of our most unique seasonal items.
Foraging for these gems is equal parts frustration, sweat and revelation. Upon discovering local chestnuts last year, my harvesting adventure gave me a greater appreciation for the sweet little nut that we sing about each Christmas.
In our climate, fresh, local chestnuts are available now. Look for the sharp, spiky round burrs that look semi-lethal (and they are) falling from broad-leafed trees. The fallen burrs crack open to reveal one to three brown nuts.
Don't confuse them with buckeyes (which are smooth and round and toxic).
Chestnuts are truly a nut, but have more water and starch and less oil than other tree nuts. The texture is crisp, and the nut should always be cooked before eating. They are quite perishable, so if you have dreams of local chestnuts on your Christmas table, you're going to need to freeze them.
Chestnuts used to be a staple for peasant populations, but now are more of a luxury. Since a blight in the early 20th century wiped out most of the American chestnut variety, you're likely to find only the Chinese variety in the Mid-South. Since most of us weren't around to sample the American variety, I doubt we'll know the difference.
The work doesn't end with the harvest. Removing the shells and skins takes time and strong fingers, but dipping the warm, peeled nut in melted butter and sprinkling with salt makes a fine snack to help keep your strength up during the process.
After diligently harvesting the nuts daily over several weeks last year, I was determined that they wouldn't be buried in a dish with lots of overpowering flavors. A silky smooth soup with a touch of cream lets the sweetness come through and was a rich reward for all of the hard work.
Why reinvent the wheel when we can learn from others -- the Romans used chestnuts to make flour to extend their wheat flour. It was common practice to make polenta from ground chestnuts before maize was discovered and cultivated. The French revere the Marron Glace confection, thinking nothing of the multi-day process required to create them. Modern chefs make chestnut chips, braise in wine, stuff inside ravioli, or blend to a smooth puree to serve with rich meats.
Brave the wild of your neighbor's yard, or skip the hard work and buy local chestnuts at the Memphis Botanic Garden Farmers Market, where the nuts are harvested by volunteers from several trees at the garden. It's foraging without the back-breaking work.
Chestnuts 101
Resources: Fresh, local chestnuts will be available for the next few weeks at the Memphis Botanic Garden Farmers Market, from 2 to 6 p.m. Wednesdays at 750 Cherry Road. Proceeds benefit the garden's educational programs.
Storing: Store peeled or unpeeled in refrigerator or freezer until ready to use. Defrost before peeling or cooking.
To shell/peel chestnuts (roasting): Preheat oven to 300 to 350 degrees. Using a sharp paring knife, make an X on the flat side of each chestnut or use strong shears to cut a deep X in the pointy end. Roast in small batches in an open pan for 10-15 minutes, or until the shells begin to open away from the meat. Remove both outer shell and inner skin while chestnuts are warm. If the skins are sticking, return to the oven to warm again.
To shell/peel chestnuts (boiling): If you will be using chestnuts chopped or in a puree, you can cut the nut in half, through the shell. Place the halved nuts in boiling water and cook for 8-10 minutes. Remove the nuts and immediately place in ice water. Use a paring knife to peel the shell and remove the skin.
Carrot Chestnut Soup
1 lb. fresh chestnuts, peeled and chopped
2-3 tbsp. olive oil
2 shallots, chopped
1 lb. carrots, peeled and chopped
2 tsp. fresh ginger, peeled and grated
1 quart vegetable or chicken broth
1 cup heavy cream
Salt and pepper to taste
Fresh thyme leaves for garnish
In a large saucepan, over medium heat, add olive oil and shallots and sauté until soft. Add carrots, chestnuts and ginger and then add the broth. Reduce heat to a simmer. Cover and cook until carrots and chestnuts are very soft.
Puree solids in a blender in batches (be careful, as mixture will be hot) adding cooking liquid as necessary to make mixture smooth.
Reserve remaining cooking liquid and return carrot mixture to saucepan. Add cream and season with salt and pepper. Add additional cooking liquid until desired consistency is achieved. Stir in thyme leaves. Serve hot. Serves 4-6.
Source: Recipe courtesy of Melissa Petersen
Apple Chestnut Stuffing
1 lb. fresh chestnuts, peeled and chopped
4 cups of cornbread, cut into 1-inch cubes and toasted
2 sage leaves, finely minced
1 large egg
6 slices of bacon, chopped
1 onion, chopped
2 ribs celery, sliced
2-3 apples, peeled, cored and chopped
1 cup vegetable or chicken broth
Salt and pepper to taste
Butter for baking dish
In a large bowl, lightly beat egg and add chestnuts, cornbread cubes, and sage. Set aside.
In a large skillet, over medium heat, cook bacon. When bacon is nearly cooked, add onion, celery and apples and cook until onions are soft. Add to chestnut mixture and mix to combine.
Add up to 1 cup of broth. Season with salt and pepper.
Butter a 9- by 13-inch casserole dish. Lightly pack stuffing into dish and bake, covered, at 325 degrees for 20 minutes. Remove cover and bake for an additional 10-15 minutes until stuffing begins to brown.
Source: Recipe courtesy of Melissa Petersen


Vocal percussion
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Vocal percussion is the art of creating sounds with one's mouth that approximate, imitate, or otherwise serve the same purpose as a percussion instrument, whether in a group of singers, an instrumental ensemble, or solo.
In Western music[edit]
Recent musicological research points at Brazilian songwriter and musician Marcos Valle as a pioneer of vocal percussion.[citation needed] In the track "Mentira" from his 1973 album "Previsao do Tempo", Valle imitates a drum kit with his voice.
Beatboxing, an artform pioneered by rapper Doug E. Fresh, is one school of vocal percussion, originating in hip-hop music and often used to accompany rapping. it is utilized by many musicians spanning over a wide variety of genres.
In Indian music[edit]
Vocal percussion is also an integral part of many world music traditions, most notably in the traditions of North India (bols) and South India (solkattu). Syllables are used to learn percussion compositions, and each syllable signifies what stroke or combination of strokes the percussionist must use.
The art of speaking these syllables is called konnakol in South India, and traditional dance ensembles sometimes have a dedicated konnakol singer, although this practice is now waning. At one time it was a very respected art form, with many masters and singers.
In North India, the practice of reciting bols is usually limited to the percussionist reciting the composition about to be played, often in the context of a longer solo. These recitations are also sometimes spoken by a Kathak dancer.
Mouth drumming[edit]
Mouth drumming is a form of Beatboxing which involves vocally imitating the sound of a drum kit as precisely as possible in order to use the voice to serve the same function as a drummer in a musical setting. It is mostly used in a cappella music but has also been used in rock and jazz. Artists who specialize in this technique are simply referred to as vocal percussionists.[1]
Wes Carroll is credited as the term coiner and pioneering practitioner of this art.[2] Well known for his ability to realistically vocalize the sounds of a drum kit, and use them as the primary rhythm section in bands and a cappella groups, he inspired many vocalists and musicians to continue this artform after him. Jeff Thacher and Dave Baumgartner[3] are other well known pioneers.
In a cappella[edit]
Many a cappella groups use mouth drumming as a way of using the voice to provide a steady rhythm section for their music.
A cappella groups such as Five o-clock Shadow, The House Jacks, Rockapella, Overboard, SoVoSo, Transit and Naturally 7 are well known for further advancing the art and its popularity.
In rock and jazz music[edit]
Although it is not common, mouth drumming has also been used in traditional band settings. David Worm (who has also performed it for the a cappella group SoVoSo) has often incorporated the technique in his acoustic rock band "Glass house". Kaichiro Kitamura[4] is a Japanese vocal percussionist specializing in this art who has incorporated it in both a cappella and jazz groups. Otha Major is another vocal percussionist and beatboxer, who has often used the technique in rock performances as well as with the a cappella group Kickshaw.
Common forms of vocal percussion[edit]
Notable performers[edit]
 1. ^ Feist, Evan. "A Cappella Origins: An Interview With Wes Carroll". CASA. The Contemporary A Cappella Society. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
 2. ^ "Mouthdrumming : Wes Carroll's Instructional Site For Vocal Percussion". mouthdrumming.com. Retrieved 14 April 2016.
 3. ^ Wes Carroll and Dave Baumgartner (November 2004). "Wes Carroll and Dave Baumgartner Mouth Drumming Duet".
 4. ^ "Rhythm Training with Kaichiro Kitamura". Peatix. Retrieved 14 April 2016.
External links[edit]


Janitor Jeopardy gets Hirschi students engaged
Janitor Jeopardy gets kids engaged
Students didn't treat Hirschi High School janitor Gary Martin like a "dumb janitor" for long.
The retired Coast Guard medic who served 22 years in the military and was stationed in five locations from Alaska to Galveston began working as a janitor at Hirschi in 2005.
He's just one of those guys who likes to stay busy.
Martin, 57, already had a military pension, lived nearby, and figured the fast-paced job at the high school could replace a gym membership to keep him in shape.
But students watched him hauling trash, swabbing floors and changing lightbulbs and made the typical assumptions.
One day, a student told him that he was "dumb as a janitor," Martin said.
"By society's standards, a janitor is invisible. They talked as if I wasn't even standing there."
So Martin challenged them to ask him a question and see if he had the right answer.
One of the boys asked Martin a question from his most recent history class.
"I answered it correctly," he said. "They were aghast!"
Then Martin challenged the students with a question.
"I'll give you $1 if you can answer my question," he said. They couldn't.
Thus began Janitor Jeopardy — a daily game so popular with Hirschi students that 100 students a day ask him for his daily question.
What do you call the part of a stairstep between the actual steps?
Who is Jodi Arias?
Where is Timbuktu?
What do you call the little scooped place on the top of your upper lip?
"I'm trying to pique their curiosity," he said. "They always ask me, 'What's the answer?' I tell them, 'Go look it up. You never want to say the janitor told you. As a profession, we don't have that much credence.' "
He's stumped students, teachers and administrators with his questions.
He asked Assistant Principal Dr. Stephanie Phillips where America dumps its garbage in the ocean — a question that sent her straight to the web to read about The Great Pacific Garbage Patch.
Suddenly she understood why the retired Coast Guard member was so passionate about recycling.
Martin's favorite source for questions is the daily newspaper. He donates a subscription of the Times Record News every year to the Hirschi library so students will stay up-to-date with current events.
Martin has more than 1,000 books in his home — but no television set for the past 35 years.
He became a voracious reader after a ninth-grade swimming accident forced him to bedrest.
He picked up John Steinbeck's "The Grapes of Wrath," and was never the same.
"Don't get off the planet without reading 'Grapes of Wrath,' " he said Friday.
He went on to read all of Steinbeck's books in between high school activities of running cross-country, gymnastics and boxing.
After high school, he joined the Coast Guard, where he served on the cutter Storis in Kodiak, Alaska. He earned an associate degree of science and medicine from the College of Air Force while he served in Alaska, New Jersey, Seattle, Houston, and aboard a cutter that sailed all over the Gulf of Mexico, South America and the Caribbean.
If anyone had told him back then that he would one day carry a phone or computer in his pocket, he wouldn't have believed it.
But technology has created so many distractions that Martin said he uses his daily questions to slow students down to look at what's happening around them.
"This is a high-stress environment," he said. "Everybody's under the scope here. It's good to have a little bit of fun."
On a Friday he asks, "Where did the name Friday come from?"
On a Monday, "Name the Great Lakes."
On a Tuesday, "What is the name of the big blue lake near the tip of Florida?"
On a Wednesday, "What is an idiom?"
Martin chuckles over some answers students give. "I asked, 'Who was buried in Grant's Tomb?' A student said, 'Some captain.'"
When he asked, "Where was Washington going when he crossed the Delaware?" a student responded, "He was going somewhere?"
Hirschi senior Jordan Sepulveda, 17, said he looks for Martin every day and asks for the Janitor Jeopardy question. "I haven't known many," he said.
He remembers one day when Martin showed up with a plastic dodo bird and asked, "What animal is this? It can't fly." Sepulveda got that one right.
But so far, only a couple of students have figured out that Martin saves a special reward for the student who actually looks up the answers and returns to show Martin the three sources he consulted.
Now, test yourself. Friday was George Washington's birthday, so Martin pulled out a $1 bill and asked students, "How do we know what George Washington looked like?"
Answer: He was painted by contemporary Gilbert Stuart, and the likeness of that famous portrait was put on the $1 bill.
Follow Ann Work on Twitter _USER_


Date of Award
Document Type
Degree Name
Doctor of Education (EdD)
Executive Leadership
First Supervisor
Bruce Evan Blaine
Second Supervisor
Irene Scruton
This quantitative study adds to previous research on school leadership effects on school performance. Utilizing existing school level data from Washington D.C. charter schools, this study explores the shift to distributed leadership structures and presence of emerging school-level leadership roles, including academic, behavior, and operational leaders. Then using organizational rosters to create new leadership variables, the study completes controlled multivariate regression modeling to explore the relationships between the presence or absence of these roles with school performance. Overall, the findings show that leadership predictors, despite having intuitive and theoretical links to school performance, had effects of less than 1% on the model's ability to explain the 2019 school performance. This is likely because 75% of the variability was explained by control variables, including the best predictors of school performance—the prior year's performance and reenrollment. Beyond the modeling statistics, the additional exploratory data analysis of tables correlating performance by ward and convergence of titles provide insights that could inform further research, policy, and practice in the charter school sector and in the education-reform movement.
Included in
Education Commons


text:
Serializing Objects to a DataSet in Visual Basic.NET
The subject of this article relates to strongly typed collections, ADO.NET, and XML serialization.
Earlier this month I demonstrated how to create a strongly typed collection (see "Implementing Strongly Typed Collection"). A strongly typed collection is a collection that contains a known type of object rather than a generic reference to the object class. Strong typing is a fundamental object oriented concept that relates to writing expressive and explicit code. You can create strongly typed collections by inheriting from the CollectionBase or ReadOnlyCollectionBase in the System.Collections namespace. Because the CollectionBase class, for instance, provides an implementation for IList, IListSource, and IEnumerable you can bind strongly typed collections to controls like the DataGrid.
What if you want to convert an object to a persistable entity, a table in a database or a file? You can certainly write monolithic code that creates a DataTable, several DataColumns, and add all of the data from your object to the new DataTable, or, you can use XML serialization and get the whole job done in about seven lines of code.
This article demonstrates how to serialize an object to a stream as XML and read the XML into an ADO.NET DataSet.
Reviewing the Sample Object Code
To demonstrate how to serialize an object we will use the Book and strongly typed Books collection from "Implementing Strongly Typed Collection", published earlier this month. That code is reprinted here for convenience.
Listing 1: Demonstrates a strongly typed collection of Book objects.
Imports System Imports System.Collections'Implements the strongly typed collection of Books Public Class Books Inherits CollectionBase Default Public Property Item(ByVal Index As Integer) As Book Get Return CType(List.Item(Index), Book) End Get Set(ByVal Value As Book) List.Item(Index) = Value End Set End Property Public Function Add(ByVal Item As Book) As Integer Return List.Add(Item) End Function End Class'Implements the Book class Public Class Book Private FTitle As String Private FAuthor As String Public Sub New()'Empty constructor is needed for serialization End Sub Public Sub New(ByVal title As String, ByVal author As String) FAuthor = author FTitle = title End Sub Public Property Author() As String Get Return FAuthor End Get Set(ByVal Value As String) FAuthor = Value End Set End Property Public Property Title() As String Get Return FTitle End Get Set(ByVal Value As String) FTitle = Value End Set End Property End Class
Listing 1 introduces a default constructor for the Book class. An explicit default constructor is necessary for serialization to work correctly. The next section demonstrates the serialization code.
Serializing an Object
To serialize the collection it will be helpful to add some objects to an instance of the Books collection. In order to serialize to a DataSet we will need to create an instance of the XmlSerializer class, a stream object to serialize to, a new DataSet, and invoke the ReadXml method to deserialize the stream into the DataSet, reconstituting the Books collection as a DataSet. Listing 2 demonstrates code that performs all of these steps. (The lines of code are numbered for reference.)
Listing 2: Serializing objects to an ADO.NET DataSet
1: Imports System.Xml.Serialization 2: Imports System.IO 3: Public Sub SerializeDemo() 4: Dim B As Books = New Books() 5: B.Add(New Book("Sams Visual Basic.NET Unleashed",_ "Paul Kimmel")) 6: B.Add(New Book("Design Patterns", "Erich Gamma et. al.")) 7: B.Add(New Book("The CRC Card Book", "David Bellin")) 8: B.Add(New Book("Visal Basic.NET: Tips, Tricks, and Tutorials",_ "Paul Kimmel et. al.")) 9: 10: Dim serializer As XmlSerializer = _ New XmlSerializer(GetType(Books)) 11: Dim stream As MemoryStream = New MemoryStream() 12: serializer.Serialize(stream, B) 13: 14: Dim BookData As DataSet = New DataSet("Books") 15: stream.Position = 0 16: BookData.ReadXml(stream) 17: stream.Close() 18: 19: DataGrid1.DataSource = BookData 20: End Sub
Lines 4 through 8 create an instance of the Books collection and stuff four books from my library into the collection. Line 10 creates am XmlSerializer. The XmlSerializer class is defined in System.Xml.Serialization. We pass the type information of the type we want to serialize. (Think of line 10 as creating the schema for the kind of object to be serialized.) Line 11 creates a MemoryStream defined in System.IO. You can use any stream; for example, a FileStream would allow you to save the stream as an XML file, which is useful for persisting client-side information for Web applications.
Line 12 serializes-converts the object to XML text-the object representing the Books collection to the stream object. Line 14 creates a new DataSet. Line 15 repositions the stream to the beginning of the stream. (Think of streams as contiguous bytes of memory with an indexer that moves over each byte.) DataSet objects know how to read XML from a stream, which is what we do on line 16. After line 16 finishes we have a DataTable inside of our DataSet. Close the stream and you can bind the DataSet to a DataGrid to see the DataTable based on our collection.
Serializing objects in one form and deserializing them into another is just cool. (I imagine it is what the natives thought about orange juice from concentrate or Jello.) XML weighs in heavily in Visual Basic.NET. Because XML is an open standard we have to worry less about it evaporating like a proprietary implementation might be.
Our demonstration is roughly what happens to objects that are serialized by a Web Service. The best part is that you are not required to learn XML to take advantage of this technology.
Joe Shook, a smart guy in Oregon working on a project with me, said it best: ".NET is so cool!"
About the Author
Paul Kimmel is a freelance writer for Developer.com and CodeGuru.com. Look for his recent book, Visual Basic.Net Unleashed, at a bookstore near you. Paul Kimmel is available to help design and build your.NET solutions and can be contacted at _EMAIL_.
# # #


text:
Bianca Törok, Roland Törok, Forna Norina
The study aimed to assess the distribution of periimplant augmentation techniques and graft materials in relation to demographic factors and local parameters.
Materials and method. In a study group of 100 edentulous patients candidate to dental implants it was investigated the share of bone augmentation techniques and graft materials in relation to age groups, edentation localization (maxillary vs mandibular; dental groups); alveolar bone resorption degree.
Results. GBR technique was mostly used with highest shares as follows: 92,3% for maxillary implant sites in age group 50-59, 78,3% for maxillary implant sites in areas of molars and premolars, all implant sites Misch class B.
Conclusions. Traditional GBR was the most used addition technique, followed by SGBR and block transplant for all age groups, localization and alveolar bone resorption degrees. Xenografts were the most used augmentation materials for all categories of alveolar bone resorption.


text:
NEWLY UPDATED!This portable, industrial-grade trainer is an exciting way to teach students about pneumatics with resources that support problem-solving learning. The student workbook contains a series of hands-on activities based on situations occurring in everyday life.
Hands-On Learning Activities Include:
The assembled trainer includes single-acting cylinder, double-acting cylinder, (2) push-button valves, AND valve, OR valve, roller valve, dual pilot air valve, filter, regulator, 4-way manifold, fittings, quick-disconnect tubes, workbook and teacher's guide. Requires access to a compressed air source or portable air compressor.


text:
Allan Gordon Bell
Level: High School
The program notes give some insight into the poetic ideas embedded in
Simulacra. In this work, Bell uses a clear, strong set of chords of
double-stopped chords to separate each section of the music:
Design a "composition flow chart". With a partner, listen to the piece several times. Draw a flowchart of the main ideas of the piece, using both musical language (ie., staccato passages,) and non-musical language (ie., sounds like an eagle cry). The chords shown above enter at different points throughout the music, and help to reveal the form and structure of the piece. On your listening chart, use the chords as a signpost - every time they enter, there is something new coming in the music. Try to make it fit on one sheet of 8&1/2 X 11 inch paper.


How Retained Earnings are Different from Revenue (And Why it's Important to You)
There are many different factors to consider if you want to analyze your business' growth. Two of the most important measures to keep a close eye on are retained earnings and revenue. While these two figures go hand-in-hand, they measure different financial values of your company.
Your business' financial statement says a lot about the health and prospects of your company. Here's what you need to know about retained earnings and how they're different from revenue.
What is Revenue?
Looking at your business' income statement, revenue will typically be the first number that you see. Revenue is also sometimes referred to as gross sales or net income. It's the go-to figure for determining a company's financial performance in a set period of time. Revenue is all of the income that is earned by the company. The figure is generated before overhead costs and operating expenses are deducted.
What Are Retained Earnings?
Retained earnings are a percentage of a company's revenue that is retained and set aside for future use. Retained earnings can be used for various things such as:
 - Paying off business debt
 - Paying dividends to shareholders
 - Expanding the company (ie. buying more office space)
 - Upgrading office equipment
When deciding what to do with the retained earnings in your company, there are many factors to consider.
The Relationship between Revenue & Retained Earnings
So what's the connection between revenue and retained earnings? Revenue is the profit that a business earns during a period. Net income is determined by subtracting business costs, such as payroll, overhead, utilities, rent, depreciation, debt interest, and sales costs.
Business owners can choose to pay out net income to shareholders or to reinvest it back into the company. But, when a business owner takes neither one of these routes, the funds become retained earnings.
In simplest terms, you can view retained earnings as a business savings account. The money available will change based on time, net income changes, and other monetary factors.
How Retained Earnings are Calculated
When looking at your company's balance sheet, you'll find retained earnings listed under the shareholders' equity section. If you're wondering how to calculate retained earnings, the calculation is pretty simple.
To calculate the number, take the beginning retained earnings balance, add revenue for the set period, and then subtract any dividends that have been paid out to stakeholders. In mathematical form: Retained Earnings (RE) = RE Beginning Balance + Revenue – Dividends.
Here's an example of how to calculate retained earnings with a hypothetical company.
 - Beginning retained earnings balance of $7,000
 - Revenue total of $5,000 for the set period
 - Dividends paid in the amount of $3,000
 - Retained Earnings = $7,000 + $5,000 – $3,000
In this scenario, the company's retained earnings for the period would be $9,000. Make note that at times, retained earnings can dip into the negative. This is most common if a company has paid a large number of dividends to shareholders or experienced a slump in profit.
Why Retained Earnings Matter
A company's retained earnings statement is important for many reasons. First, the number shows how much equity shareholders collectively hold in the company. In essence, retained earnings are the total amount of money that a business' shareholders are entitled to. But, shareholders can only receive retained earnings through a dividend that can be paid out in cash or stock.
Shareholders can take the retained earnings number and divide it by the number of outstanding shares. This allows each shareholder to calculate how much money a single share is worth.
Retained earnings are also important to the board of directors as the figure indicates how much money is available to redistribute to shareholders or to invest back into the company. Ultimately the board is responsible for making the decision of how to best utilize retained earnings.
Investors and creditors also care about retained earnings. Investors look at retained earnings statements when considering which firm to invest in as it gives them a ballpark idea of how much they can expect as a return on investment.
Creditors look at retained earnings as a performance measure when reviewing a business' credit application. Creditors look for high retained earnings, which indicate that the company is profitable and is unlikely to have any issue repaying the money that it has borrowed. A company with minimal retained earnings may be seen as risky.
Understanding the difference between revenue and retained earnings is important so that you can best understand the financial health and growth of your company. Closely tracking these two numbers is also important so that you can make the best business decisions for the future success of your brand.
FG Editorial Team
Leave a Reply


text:
January 4, 2007
There has been a lot of misinformation shared around the country about Mental Health Screening and the TeenScreen program since the release of President Bush's New Freedom Commission report in 2003 that recognized the Columbia University TeenScreen program as a model program. Recently the New England Journal of Medicine published an article on Mental Health Screening that discusses the merits of mental health screening.
The Columbia University TeenScreen Program is a national mental health and suicide risk screening program for youth. The goal of the National TeenScreen Program is to make voluntary mental health check-ups available for all American teens. TeenScreen works by assisting communities throughout the nation with developing locally operated and sustained screening programs for youth. Screening can take place in schools, doctors' offices, clinics, youth groups, shelters, and other youth-serving organizations and settings.
The study in the New England Journal of Medicine is an examination of issues regarding teen mental health and suicide, written by Dr. Friedman. The article outlines a rationale for screening programs, gives a historical perspective, examines statistics, and offers the personal experiences of actual teens and their parents.
Read the full story from the New England Journal of Medicine. (opens in a new window)
Learn more about the TeenScreen program at Columbia University. (opens in a new window)


text:
Country two-step dancing is a popular style of dance that is performed to country western music. Dance studios that offer country western dance lessons in San Jose may teach one of the many different styles of country western dance, but they will all incorporate the traditional or basic two-step dance move.
Country western dance is performed in pairs that consist of a leader and a follower. The traditional two-step dance move is three parts: a quick step, a quick step, and a slow step. The leader steps forward with his left foot, while the follower steps backwards with her right foot. Traditional two-step developed in Europe and Mexico in the 1800s.
Texas two-step, another popular style of country two-step that is often taught in country western dance lessons, consists of a four-part two-step: a quick step, a quick step, a slow step, and a slow step. Texas two-step developed in 1983 and was inspired by the Foxtrot. The two-step style taught in your country western dance lessons may depend upon the region of the country in which your dance studio is located.


text:
The next generation of automated probes offer advanced in-process inspection for integration and infrastructure at minimal costs.
The FARO Factory Array Imager is a scanner with extremely high accuracy for contactless measurements which, with its blue-light technology measurement, within seconds computes several million 3D coordinates on component surfaces – regardless of colour, texture, reflectance or ambient light.
Structured light and stereo recordings open up new possibilities in 3D measurement & inspection and reverse engineering. The new optical 3D measurement system by FARO, the FARO Factory Array Imager, combines the two processes and complements them with high-performance 3D processing.
The combination of flexibility, portability, speed and accuracy makes the compact and light FARO Factory Array Imager an ideal but cost-effective solution for 3D data capture or reverse engineering of components or modules in many different industries, such as automotive, aviation and space flight, and mechanical and plant engineering.


to issue an order.
(3) Does the child still have a "significant" connection with Wisconsin? Since Harry and their daughter still live in Wisconsin, it is presumed that they have a significant connection with Wisconsin through their residency. As such, Wisconsin is likely the proper jurisdiction to hear the modification.
(4) Where is the relevant evidence in the case available? Often, evidence is a crucial factor in determining the outcome. In the family law context, relevant evidence for a modification of placement may include testimony from the child's doctors, teachers, coaches, childcare providers, or other family members. Although this is not the most important factor in determining the correct jurisdiction, it is a consideration. In our hypothetical, Harry and Susan's daughter has never lived in any state other than Wisconsin. It is highly likely that relevant evidence will be more readily available in Wisconsin than in New York. These facts support the idea that Wisconsin is the appropriate jurisdiction.
(5) Has there been a waiver of jurisdiction by any courts? Sometimes, a court may determine that it no longer has jurisdiction to hear a matter. Often, this is because none of the parties live in that jurisdiction any longer, and thus their connection with the jurisdiction has been severed. In our hypothetical, the Wisconsin court has not yet waived its jurisdiction. As such, Wisconsin is the proper jurisdiction to hear Harry's modification.
Due to the facts of the hypothetical, it is likely that Wisconsin retains jurisdiction over the matter, and Harry's modification filed in Wisconsin will proceed in front of a Wisconsin court. Susan's modification filed in New York would then be denied for a lack of jurisdiction. Despite this result, it is possible that the New York court may still want to hold one or more hearings on Susan's modification while jurisdiction is being determined.
Cases where parents live in separate states are complicated for various reasons, and UCCJEA related issues are highly complex and fact specific. If you or a loved one are experiencing legal issues related to the UCCJEA, contact our experienced legal team here at Nelson, Krueger & Millenbach, LLC at _PHONE_ for a free consultation.
What Are The Benefits Of Divorce Mediation?
Going through divorce can be a complicated, stressful, and costly process. Some couples, however, choose to work with a third-party neutral to help resolve disputes, alleviate stress, and reduce the expense of court litigation. This process is called divorce mediation. Many couples who choose to resolve their divorce differences through divorce mediation find the process to be empowering. Divorce mediation is an alternative form of dispute resolution that allows divorcing spouses to retain a strong voice in the outcome of their divorce settlement by agreeing in advance to attempt to resolve all issues in their divorce outside of court and with the assistance of a neutral divorce mediator.
Potential issues that may be resolved through divorce mediation are not confined to a specific area. A qualified, certified neutral divorce mediator can guide couples toward resolving complex issues related to:
 - Property division, including real estate, retirement accounts, other assets, and debts
 - Child custody and placement
 - Child support
 - Spousal maintenance
 - All other divorce related topics
The mediator in a divorce acts as a third-party neutral who works to facilitate discussions to resolve disputes involving any aspect of the divorce. Moreover, an experienced family law practitioner who is a certified divorce mediator and serves as a neutral in the case who can provide the parties with knowledgeable education and guidance concerning all of the available options to resolve a particular issue. This educational prong of the mediation process can help the parties to explore personalized solutions that best serve their individual goals and needs, rather than focusing on an all or nothing fight in court. It is important to understand that the mediator does not act as judge, seeking to impose a final decision to resolve disputes, nor can the divorce mediator provide legal advice. The mediator is a neutral in the case who works to facilitate reasoned discussions between the parties to arrive at workable and mutually satisfying solutions to disputes.
As of 2018, under Wisconsin law, your divorce mediator may now draft all of the documents to memorialize the final mediated settlement and the pleadings necessary in your divorce case. In other words, from start to finish, a divorce mediator can assist you with facilitating your divorce through the court system. While the mediator does not represent either side, in preparing the legal paperwork, your divorce mediator can give you peace of mind that the documents are complete and follow Wisconsin law to reduce the potential for additional disputes down the road.
Avoiding litigation may reduce stress and higher costs of divorce
Mediation provides a range of important benefits that are not achieved through a long battle in court, such as:
 - More control over the outcome of the divorce
 - Reduced costs from the absence of litigation
 - Reduced stress through the elimination of litigation and contested hearings
 - A concurrent positive experience for the children of divorcing parents
Attorney Alison Krueger of Nelson, Krueger & Millenbach, LLC is a Certified Divorce Mediator. She can educate you and your spouse about the options to resolve your divorce disputes and the legal process to be divorced. Moreover, after you and your spouse have reached a settlement through mediation, Attorney Krueger can draft all of the documents to memorialize the final mediated settlement and the necessary legal documents to begin and end your divorce action through the court system. Properly prepared legal paperwork with the assistance of a certified divorce mediator can give you peace of mind that the documents are complete and follow Wisconsin law to reduce the potential for additional disputes down the road. Moreover, Attorney Krueger can help you and your spouse prepare for court where a judge will finalize your divorce. This education on the process can help you to move forward with knowledge of what to expect, alleviating the stress of the unknown.
Lawyer Reviews – Reader Beware!
"The first thing we do, let's kill all the lawyers!" Clearly, William Shakespeare was not in the midst of an ugly divorce or custody battle when he wrote those immortal words. Had Will actually needed a divorce or custody lawyer, instead of killing them, he would have done an internet search on family lawyers and carefully read all of the reviews before considering which lawyer was represent his rights in court.
Everyone hopes that they can share the opinions of William Shakespeare and never need the assistance and guidance of a family lawyer. What do you do however, when the unexpected happens and you are in need of someone who is going to fight for you and more importantly your children? The decision to hire a lawyer can be one of the most impactful decisions of your life. It is imperative that you find the best fit for you. A savvy consumer will research websites, consider experience and read reviews. When you read the reviews, however, you need to consider if you are reading an actual client review of an attorney or if you are reading a story of defeat, retaliation or just plain vengeance. Some clients will turn to the internet to share their opinions of the legal process and their respective attorneys. However, many times, reviews that are written, are written by opposing parties who left the process scorn and need to seek vengeance on the attorney that made the legal process so unpleasant.
When you read a negative review, consider the author. Is the author actually a client of the attorney? If, in reading the negative review, it is obvious that the author is the opposing party then consider why the opposing party took the time and energy to write a negative review of the other attorney. Sometimes the best compliment of an attorney doing his or her job comes from the other side leaving the courtroom upset.
If the negative review is written by a client, read and consider the other reviews. Does the negative review conform to what others are saying or is the negative a review a stand alone? There are times when a client wants a lawyer to take a position contrary her advice. When that happens, an ethical lawyer will withdraw from the case, likely leaving the client upset. Is the negative review written by a client who is upset that the attorney did not do what he wanted her to do? Or, perhaps the client is upset at the amount of fees which were charged. However, that could have been due to circumstances beyond the lawyer's control such as a difficult client or difficult opposing counsel. Some clients are upset at the situation itself but the lawyer is the handy target to blame.
Most people do not realize that ethical rule prohibit lawyers from responding in detail to a negative review. Always keep in mind the old adage, there are two sides to every story. There have been times when an attorney reads a negative review and literally screams at her computer screen, "that is not what happened at all!" The reader of that negative review will never know the "other side" because the ethical lawyer is prohibited from sharing any details that could even remotely violate the attorney client privilege. A savvy reader of lawyer reviews will consider the fact that there is an explanation (or even correction) to the negative review, that that explanation will never be known by the reader.
Make sure that you read all the reviews from all sources. A client may review an attorney on AVVO, but not on Google. Make sure that you research several review platforms (Google, Yahoo, AVVO, Yelp, Yellow Pages, etc.) to obtain a full picture of what clients are saying about your potential lawyer. While reviews are pivotally important, you must also consider experience. The more experienced the lawyer, the more likely he is to have a negative review or two. It is simply the law of averages. Do not let a negative review deter you from scheduling a consultation. If reading a negative review gives you pause, ask the lawyer


text:
Definition of buttered
imp. & p. p. - of Butter 2
The word "buttered" uses 8 letters: B D E E R T T U.
Direct anagrams of buttered:
Adding one letter to buttered does not form any other word in this word list.Words within buttered not shown as it has more than seven letters.
All words formed from buttered by changing one letter
Browse words starting with buttered by next letter


text:
In many safety-critical systems, such as fly-by-wire and hydraulic systems in aircraft, some parts of the control system may be triplicated, which is formally termed triple modular redundancy (TMR). An error in one component may then be out-voted by the other two. In a triply redundant system, the system has three sub components, all three of which must fail before the system fails. Since each one rarely fails, and the sub components are expected to fail independently, the probability of all three failing is calculated to be extraordinarily small; often outweighed by other risk factors, e.g., human error. Redundancy may also be known by the terms "majority voting systems" or "voting logic".
Forms of redundancy
There are four major forms of redundancy, these are:
- Hardware redundancy, such as DMR and TMR
- Information redundancy, such as error detection and correction methods
- Time redundancy, including transient fault detection methods such as Alternate Logic
- Software redundancy such as N-version programming
A modified form of software redundancy, applied to hardware may be:
- Distinct functional redundancy, such as both mechanical and hydraulic braking in a car. Applied in the case of software, code written independently and distinctly different but producing the same results for the same inputs.
Function of redundancy
The two functions of redundancy are passive redundancy and active redundancy. Both functions prevent performance decline from exceeding specification limits without human intervention using extra capacity.
Passive redundancy uses excess capacity to reduce the impact of component failures. One common form of passive redundancy is the extra strength of cabling and struts used in bridges. This extra strength allows some structural components to fail without bridge collapse. The extra strength used in the design is called the margin of safety.
Eyes and ears provide working examples of passive redundancy. Vision loss in one eye does not cause blindness but depth perception is impaired. Hearing loss in one ear does not cause deafness but directionality is impaired. Performance decline is commonly associated with passive redundancy when a limited number of failures occur.
Active redundancy eliminates performance decline by monitoring performance of individual device, and this monitoring is used in voting logic. The voting logic is linked to switching that automatically reconfigures components. Error detection and correction and the Global Positioning System (GPS) are two examples of [active redundancy].
Electrical power distribution provides an example of active redundancy. Several power lines connect each generation facility with customers. Each power line includes monitors that detect overload. Each power line also includes circuit breakers. The combination of power lines provides excess capacity. Circuit breakers disconnect a power line when monitors detect an overload. Power is redistributed across the remaining lines.
Voting logic
Voting logic uses performance monitoring to determine how to reconfigure individual components so that operation continues without violating specification limitations of the overall system. Voting logic often involves computers, but systems composed of items other than computers may be reconfigured using voting logic. Circuit breakers are an example of a form of non-computer voting logic.
Electrical power systems use power scheduling to reconfigure active redundancy. Computing systems adjust the production output of each generating facility when other generating facilities are suddenly lost. This prevents blackout conditions during major events such as an earthquake.
The simplest voting logic in computing systems involves two components: primary and alternate. They both run similar software, but the output from the alternate remains inactive during normal operation. The primary monitors itself and periodically sends an activity message to the alternate as long as everything is OK. All outputs from the primary stop, including the activity message, when the primary detects a fault. The alternate activates its output and takes over from the primary after a brief delay when the activity message ceases. Errors in voting logic can cause both to have all outputs active at the same time, can cause both to have all outputs inactive at the same time, or outputs can flutter on and off.
A more reliable form of voting logic involves an odd number of 3 devices or more. All perform identical functions and the outputs are compared by the voting logic. The voting logic establishes a majority when there is a disagreement, and the majority will act to deactivate the output from other device(s) that disagree. A single fault will not interrupt normal operation. This technique is used with avionics systems, such as those responsible for operation of the space shuttle.
Calculating the probability of system failure
Each duplicate component added to the system decreases the probability of system failure according to the formula:-
- - number of components
- - probability of component i failing
- - the probability of all components failing (system failure)
This formula assumes independence of failure events. That means that the probability of a component B failing given that a component A has already failed is the same as that of B failing when A has not failed. There are situations where this is unreasonable, such as using two power supplies connected to the same socket, whereby if one socket failed, the other would too.
It also assumes that at only one component is needed to keep the system running. If components are needed for the system to survive, out of, the probability of failure is
, Assuming all components have equal probability,, of failure
This model is probably unrealistic in that it assumes that components are not replaced in time when they fail.
See also
- ^ Redundancy Management Technique for Space Shuttle Computers (PDF), IBM Research
- ^ Majority voting systems
- ^ Designing Integrated Circuits to Withstand Space Radiation
- ^ Using powerline as a redundant communication channel


text:
Account management is used to set up accounts. Accounts are used for people who are regularly running bills at your venue. It is always possible to choose accounts as a payment method type when finalising a check.
Note – There is no function currently within ImPOS to accept payment to finalise accounts, the amount owing on an account can be printed from ImPOS reports to invoice a customer.
Adding and Editing Accounts
- Select the 'Add Account' tab.
- Enter the required information in the fields provided.
- Select 'Save' to save the new account.
To edit an account select the account you wish to edit from the list provided, edit the fields as required, select 'Update' to save your changes.
To delete an account select the account you wish to edit from the list provided, select 'Delete'


Regional Apparent Boundary Layer Lapse Rates Determined from CALIPSO and MODIS...
Sun-Mack, S., P. Minnis, Y. Chen, S. Kato, Y. Yi, S. C. Gibson, P. W. Heck, and D. Winker (2014), Regional Apparent Boundary Layer Lapse Rates Determined from CALIPSO and MODIS Data for Cloud-Height Determination, J. Appl. Meteor. Climat., 53, _PHONE_, doi:10.1175/JAMC-D-13-081.1.
Reliably determining low-cloud heights using a cloud-top temperature from satellite infrared imagery is often challenging because of difficulties in characterizing the local thermal structure of the lower troposphere with the necessary precision and accuracy. To improve low-cloud-top height estimates over water surfaces, various methods have employed lapse rates anchored to the sea surface temperature to replace the boundary layer temperature profiles that relate temperature to altitude. To further improve low-cloud-top height retrievals, collocated Cloud–Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) and Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data taken from July 2006 to June 2007 and from June 2009 to May 2010 (2 yr) for single-layer low clouds are used here with numerical weather model analyses to develop regional mean boundary apparent lapse rates. These parameters are designated as apparent lapse rates because they are defined using the cloud-top temperatures from satellite retrievals and surface skin temperatures; they do not represent true lapse rates. Separate day and night, seasonal mean lapse rates are determined for 100 -resolution snow-free land, water, and coastal regions, while zonally dependent lapse rates are developed for snow/ice-covered areas for use in the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) Edition 4 cloud property retrieval system (CCPRS-4). The derived apparent lapse rates over ice-free water range from 5 to 9 K km21 with mean values of about 6.9 and 7.2 K km21 during the day and night, respectively. Over land, the regional values vary from 3 to 8 K km21, with day and night means of 5.5 and 6.2 K km21, respectively. The zonal-mean apparent lapse rates over snow and ice surfaces generally decrease with increasing latitude, ranging from 4 to 8 K km21. All of the CCPRS-4 lapse rates were used along with five other lapse rate techniques to retrieve cloud-top heights for 2 months of independent Aqua MODIS data. When compared with coincident CALIPSO data for October 2007, the mean cloud-top height differences between CCPRS-4 and CALIPSO during the daytime (nighttime) are 0.04 6 0.61 km (0.10 6 0.62 km) over ice-free water, 20.06 6 0.85 km (20.01 6 0.83 km) over snow-free land, and 0.38 6 0.95 km (0.03 6 0.92 km) over snow-covered areas. The CCPRS-4 regional monthly means are generally unbiased and lack spatial error gradients seen in the comparisons for most of the other techniques. Over snow-free land, the regional monthly-mean errors range from 20.28 6 0.74 km during daytime to 0.04 6 0.78 km at night. The water regional monthly means are, on average, 0.04 6 0.44 km less than the CALIPSO values during day and night. Greater errors are realized for snow-covered regions. Overall, the CCPRS-4 lapse rates yield the smallest RMS differences for all times of day over all areas both for individual retrievals and monthly means. These new regional apparent lapse rates, used in processing CERES Edition 4 data, should provide more accurate low-cloud-type heights than previously possible using satellite imager data.
PDF of Publication:
Download from publisher's website.
Research Program:
Radiation Science Program (RSP)


for every one hour throughout the day, at 5.30, 6.30 7.30 etc. How many such
trains would cross the passenger rail before it reaches Delhi?
74. The distance from Station to Bus-stand, Via Tank Bund is 8 miles. From Tank Bund to
Bus-stand via Station is 7 miles. From Station to Tank Bund via Bus-stand is 11 miles.
Calculate the distances between: 1. Station and Bus-stand, 2. Station and Tank Bund and
3. Bus-stand and Tank Bund.
75. There are some eggs in each bucket, named A, B, C, D, E. If A = 5; B+A =6; E+B =C;
E+C+B = 8, choose the values of A, B, C, D, E from 1, 2,3,4,5.
76.As in the same question above, find out the values of A, B, C, D, E from 1, 2,3,4,5 if D+B
= A+C; 2E =C+5; D+C = E. This is a more complicated question.
77. Three friends divide eggs from a bag equally. After each of them eat 4 eggs, the total
number of eggs remaining with them, is equal to 1/3 of total eggs. Find the original
number of total eggs.
78.You have two cups, one containing orange juice and one containing equal amount of
the orange juice or more orange juice in the lemonade?
79.A student is studying for his examinations and the lights go off. It is around 1:00 AM.
He lights two uniform candles of equal length but one is thicker than the other. The thick
candle is supposed to last 6 hours and the thinner one illuminates for 4 hours. When he
finally goes to sleep, the length of the thick candle is twice longer than the thin one. For
how long does the student study in candle light?
80.There are 3 switches, 1, 2 and 3 in a hall in the ground floor. One of them is connected
to a dining room bulb in the third floor. You can't see it from the ground floor, whether the
dining room light is on or off. How can you identify the correct switch? You can on and off
the switches as many times as you want, but you are supposed to go to the second floor
dining room only once and should announce the switch number from there.
81. A man decides to buy a horse for 600 rupees. After a year, he sells it for 700. He buys it
again for 800. And finally sells it for 900. What is his overall profit?
82.A swimmer jumps from a bridge into a canal and swims 1 kilometre against the stream.
There he passes a "floating cork" coming in opposite direction, going towards the bridge.
He continues swimming forward for half an hour more and then turns around and swims
fast does the water in the canal flow?
83.Two cars (A and B) are travelling in opposite direction with 60 and 40 miles per hour.
The distance between them is 100 miles. A bird starts along with car A, and flies at a speed
of 80 miles per hour towards B. When it reaches car B, it turns back and when it reaches
the car A, again it turns to the opposite direction. What is the total distance that the bird
has travelled when the two cars met?
84.You drive at 20 mph from point A to B and return at 30 mph. what is the average
85.If you drive at 20 mph from point A to B, how fast must you drive back to attain an
average speed of 40 mph?
pulkit khandelwal:


text:
SAN FRANCISCO – If you want to ferret out uranium's hiding place in contaminated soil, freeze the dirt and zap it with a black light, an environmental scientist reported Tuesday at the American Chemical Society national meeting.
Scientists have long known that uranium salts under ultraviolet light will glow an eerie greenish-yellow in the dark. This phenomenon sent Henri Bequerel down the path that led to his discovery of radioactivity a century ago.
Others since noted a peculiar feature about the UV glow, or fluorescence spectra, of uranium salts: The resolution of the spectral fingerprint becomes sharper as the temperature falls.
Zheming Wang, a staff scientist at the Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, Wash., has now dusted the frost off the files, applying a technique called cryogenic fluorescence spectroscopy to uranium in contaminated soil at a former nuclear fuel manufacturing site.
By cooling the sediments to minus 267 degrees Celsius, near the temperature of liquid helium, Wang and colleagues at the PNNL-based W.R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory hit a sample with UV laser on a contaminated sample to coax a uranium fluorescence intensity of more than five times that at room temperature.
What is more, other spectra that were absent at room temperature popped out when frozen, enabling Wang and colleagues to distinguish different forms of uranium from one another, including uranium-carbonate that moves readily underground and is a threat to water supplies.
PNNL is a DOE Office of Science laboratory that solves complex problems in energy, national security, the environment and life sciences by advancing the understanding of physics, chemistry, biology and computation. PNNL employs 4,200 staff, has an annual budget of more than $725 million, and has been managed by Ohio-based Battelle since the lab's inception in 1965.
Last reviewed: By John M. Grohol, Psy.D. on 21 Feb 2009
Published on PsychCentral.com. All rights reserved.


What is compatibility rules?
The compatibility rules option is available only for pricing plans. Vendors can ensure that the customer can only select compatible components of their service based on their custom rules.
a. Select the Info icon, to check the explanation tooltip which describes how rules are applied. "Firstly, you create a new rule. After that, you choose that you want to control the compatibility of two controls. For example, let it be "Region" and "Internet speed". Then UI shows each combination (like "USA" and "1 tb/sec") in a table. And you are able to choose whether it's compatible choices or not. By default all options inside of rule are incompatible. If you have several rules related to the same control, we will show only options that are available in all rules".
b.The vendor is able to set up if there is a compatibility relation between two radio controls (or dropdown controls).
c. Vendor is able to mark options as compatible or not, It is possible to mark/unmark all compatibilities in one/two clicks
d. By selecting Add new rule, a new table will be added.
e. If the same two controls as in previous rules controls will be added in the "Add new rule" option, the following error message will appear. "You already have a rule for the combination of this control".
Was this article helpful?
0 out of 0 found this helpful
Add comment
Please sign in to leave a comment.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I have a function that returns float results in the interval [0.0, 1.0]. I would like to visualize the results using color ranging from red for 0.0 to green for 1.0 (maybe through yellow for 0.5). How could I do that? Thanks!
share|improve this question
add comment
2 Answers
up vote 3 down vote accepted
I think the simplest way is to work in HSL/HSB (hue saturation lightness), where the hue values 0-33% of the maximum will map to the range red-orange-yellow-green. The advantage of working is HSL (vs RGB) is that the resulting color range will be much better-looking (eg bright yellow in RGB contains a pinch of blue).
So basically you will create a value based on a constant S and L value, and a H that corresponds to
your_value * (1/3 of the maximum H value, often 255)
and then transform that value back to RGB for display. Don't know Python (shame on me) but apparently the colorsys module can do this transformation for you.
share|improve this answer
That did exactly what I was looking for. Thanks a bunch! – mathias Jul 12 '11 at 8:07
add comment
Assuming you have a way to present RGB values represented as 3-tuples (R,G,B) in the range of 0..1, it sounds like you want to go from: (1, 0, 0) to: (0, 1, 0).
You can just use: rgbs = [(1-i,i,0) for i in your_floats]
Then use any graphics library to visualize these 3-tuples as actual RGB colors.
share|improve this answer
add comment
Your Answer


text:
work's meaning through the understanding of other texts. Look at this example from the Simpsons. Its meaning is made when you understand that it's a reference to the film Silence of the Lambs.
(Example 1)The image of Monty in restraints.


How can I determine the current shell I am working on?
Would the output of the ps command alone be sufficient?
How can this be done in different flavors of Unix?
 - 9
 - 1
 _USER_: Seems like a good comment except it leaves me wondering "how?". – Brent Bradburn Oct 24 '12 at 17:41
 - It appears that there is no simple answer to this question. If we can't query the shell, maybe the better approach is to always specify the shell. I'm not sure that this is always possible, but maybe it is more easily accomplished than people generally assume. – Brent Bradburn Oct 24 '12 at 17:49
 - This might help --> _URL_ – Aniket Thakur Feb 21 '14 at 6:14
 - _USER_, not so much help as you might think - that's only interested in interactive shell processes. – Toby Speight Feb 17 '20 at 15:50
27 Answers 27
 - There are three approaches to finding the name of the current shell's executable:
 Please note that all three approaches can be fooled if the executable of the shell is /bin/sh, but it's really a renamed bash, for example (which frequently happens).
 1. echo $0 - will print the program name... which in the case of the shell is the actual shell.
 2. ps -ef | grep $$ | grep -v grep - this will look for the current process ID in the list of running processes. Since the current process is the shell, it will be included.
 This is not 100% reliable, as you might have other processes whose ps listing includes the same number as shell's process ID, especially if that ID is a small number (for example, if the shell's PID is "5", you may find processes called "java5" or "perl5" in the same grep output!). This is the second problem with the "ps" approach, on top of not being able to rely on the shell name.
 3. echo $SHELL - The path to the current shell is stored as the SHELL variable for any shell. The caveat for this one is that if you launch a shell explicitly as a subprocess (for example, it's not your login shell), you will get your login shell's value instead. If that's a possibility, use the ps or $0 approach.
 - If, however, the executable doesn't match your actual shell (e.g. /bin/sh is actually bash or ksh), you need heuristics. Here are some environmental variables specific to various shells:
 - $version is set on tcsh
 - $BASH is set on bash
 - $ZSH_NAME is set on zsh
 - ksh has $PS3 and $PS4 set, whereas the normal Bourne shell (sh) only has $PS1 and $PS2 set. This generally seems like the hardest to distinguish - the only difference in the entire set of environment variables between sh and ksh we have installed on Solaris boxen is $ERRNO, $FCEDIT, $LINENO, $PPID, $PS3, $PS4, $RANDOM, $SECONDS, and $TMOUT.
 - ${.sh.version} is set on ksh93 – fpmurphy Jul 24 '10 at 22:20
 - 17
 - 3
 ps -ef | grep … … This is not 100% reliable as …" Using a simple regular expression via egrep or grep -e can easily bring the reliability up to for-all-intents-and-purposes 100%: ps -ef | egrep "^\s*\d+\s+$$\s+". The ^ makes sure we're starting from the beginning of the line, the \d+ eats up the UID, the $$ matches the PID, and the \s* and \s+ account for & ensure whitespace between the other parts. – Slipp D. Thompson Mar 5 '16 at 2:57
 - 2
 _USER_.Thompson didn't work in GNU/Linux. But this seem to work: ps -ef | awk '$2==pid' pid=$$ – jarno Jan 14 '17 at 14:18
ps -p $$
 - 14
 - 13
 - 3
 - 1
 In some minimal systems like a debian-slim docker container, ps might not be there. In that case this approachs still works: readlink /proc/$$/exe – mxmlnkn Feb 28 '19 at 14:16
 - if your sh is emulated by bash, ps -p give you /usr/bin/bash even you run it as sh – Ding-Yi Chen Jun 26 '19 at 0:00
ps -p $$ -oargs=
ps -p $$ -ocomm=
 - 4
 - 2
 I've found that if you do this from within a subshell then it can lead to spurious extra lines by matching the parent's PID as well as the actual shell process. For this, I use -q instead of -p: SHELL=$(ps -ocomm= -q $$) – Steve Dec 28 '17 at 23:09
If you just want to ensure the user is invoking a script with Bash:
 - 1
 This should be the one closer to the top. Thanks a lot. – Alex Skrypnyk Sep 17 '14 at 4:15
 - 6
 It shouldn't be closer to top, because it doesn't answer the question at all. If the question would be "How to check if script is running under bash", I vote for it. – David Ferenczy Rogožan Oct 14 '14 at 11:24
 - 2
 _USER_ - This question is the top result when you search for that phrase though. In the long run, I think it's much more important that answers answer what people are looking for rather than answer what the original question was about. – ArtOfWarfare Jun 5 '17 at 21:11
 - 4
 In addition, the variable $BASH is defined under tcsh if the tcsh is invoked from bash – 18446744073709551615 Apr 16 '18 at 11:03
 - This is very useful, thank you. Just adapted it a bit, putting this as the second line after #!/bin/bash: if [! -n "$BASH" ] ;then exec bash $0; fi. With this line the script is run using bash even if started using ksh or sh. My use case doesn't need command line arguments, but they could be added after $0 if necessary. – joanis Jun 5 '19 at 15:04
You can try:
echo $SHELL
 - 6
 - # in zshell alias shell='echo ${SHELL:t}' – SergioAraujo Jan 13 '14 at 18:09
 - 8
 $SHELL environment variable contains a shell, which is configured as default for a current user. It doesn't reflect a shell, which is currently running. Also it's better to use ps -p $$ than grepping $$ because of false positives. – David Ferenczy Rogožan Oct 14 '14 at 11:16
 - The $SHELL env. variable points to the 'parent' shell, as specified in the POSIX spec: SHELL This variable shall represent a pathname of the user's preferred command language interpreter. Therefore the value of $SHELL may not be the current shell. – Theo Sep 4 '15 at 21:42
 - all within awk, ps | awk '$1=='$$' { n=split($4,a,"/"); print a[n] }' – go2null Sep 21 '17 at 5:12
To get the name of the current shell, Use cat /proc/$$/cmdline. And the path to the shell executable by readlink /proc/$$/exe.
ps is the most reliable method. The SHELL environment variable is not guaranteed to be set and even if it is, it can be easily spoofed.
 - 12
I have a simple trick to find the current shell. Just type a random string (which is not a command). It will fail and return a "not found" error, but at start of the line it will say which shell it is:
ksh: aaaaa: not found [No such file or directory]
bash: aaaaa: command not found
 - 5
 No good in a script. echo 'aaaa' > script; chmod +x script;./script gives./script.sh: 1: aaaa: not found – slim Sep 19 '16 at 14:39
There are many ways to find out the shell and its corresponding version. Here are few which worked for me.
 1. $> echo $0 (Gives you the program name. In my case the output was -bash.)
 2. $> $SHELL (This takes you into the shell and in the prompt


text:
Legal Frameworks: Ghana
Developed by Professor Joseph Blocher, enrollment in the seminar, titled "Democratic Development and the Public Sphere: Freedom of Speech and Press in Ghana," will be capped at 12 students. Weekly class sessions will engage students in discussion of relevant readings including a mix of primary sources, historical and cultural materials, and scholarly commentary. The intensive fact-finding trip to Ghana will allow students to assess the legal and cultural issues in context; meet with stakeholders such as government officials, print,broadcast, and online journalists; lawyers and judges; NGOs; and tribal leaders. Following their return, students will work collaboratively on written educational, advocacy, or strategic planning materials that could be used by Ghanaian partners and stakeholders in their work.
Please note that course organization and content may vary substantially from semester to semester and descriptions are not necessarily professor specific. Please contact the instructor directly if you have particular course-related questions.


text:
A survey of childhood blindness in three schools for the blind in Zambia
Aim: To assess the causes and distribution of blindness in children in three schools for the blind in Zambia, and to estimate the average cost of primary education per child per year. The results of this study will be used to develop baseline data for planning a nationwide intervention.
Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study with a quantitative component, conducted in three schools for the blind in Zambia. The World Health Organization Prevention of Blindness childhood blindness proforma was used to collect data and a questionnaire on cost was developed and administered to the head teachers. The data were recorded in Excel and analysed in the Epi InfoTM statistical software package, version 6.
Results: A total of 133 children were examined. The sex distribution was 91 males (68.4%) and 42 females (31.6%), giving a male to female ratio of 2.2:1. The age range was 6-24 years with a mean age of 13.9 years. A total of 64.7% of the children were below 16 years of age. Whereas 1.5% of the children were found to have no visual impairment, the majority (60.9%) were blind. The major anatomical site for visual loss was the retina (30.8%). Oculocutaneous albinism accounted for 68.3% of all visual loss affecting the retina. Hereditary diseases (36.8%) were the most common cause. Measles and vitamin A deficiency combined accounted for 65.2% of all causes due to childhood factors. A total of 60.2% of children were blind from conditions that could have been avoided. Fifty per cent of children changed visual status from blind to severely visually impaired after refraction. Overall, 23.3% of children were recommended for enrolment into mainstream education. The three schools had unique features, which meant there was a wide variation between them in the total yearly cost per pupil. It was therefore not possible to determine a yearly cost per child that could be used as a guide for the whole country.
Conclusion: If low vision aids are provided, a significant proportion of visually impaired children can be given the same opportunities and educational experiences as sighted children.
Using the key informant method to investigate childhood blindness related to vitamin A deficiency disorder in six rural sub-districts in Bangladesh
Aim: This study was undertaken to assess the prevalence, causes, and risk factors of childhood blindness related to vitamin A deficiency disorder (VADD) in six rural sub-districts in Bangladesh.
Methods: The study was carried out in rural sub-districts of Kishoreganj during June and July 2006. Risk factors of VADD-related childhood blindness were explored in six rural sub-districts. The key informant method of identifying blind children was used for the study. Key informants are unpaid volunteers from the local community who know their community very well. After receiving training from the field team of the Child Sight Foundation, the key informants had two weeks to identify blind children and motivate parents to bring the child for an eye examination. A cross-sectional study design was used to determine the prevalence and causes of childhood blindness for the Kishoreganj district. A case-control study was carried out to explore the risk factors of VADD-related childhood blindness.
Results: Prevalence of childhood blindness in Kishoreganj was found to be 1.03/1,000 children; 32.7% of all children with severe visual impairment/blindness (SVI/BL) had lens disorders leading to blindness. Corneal opacity was the cause of SVI/BL in 23.4% of the study children. Thirty per cent of children were severely visually impaired or blind due to hereditary diseases and 27.1% were severely visually impaired or blind due to childhood factors. Overall, 37.8% children were severely visually impaired or blind due to treatable eye conditions. Illiteracy of mother (odds ratio [OR]=2.45), illiteracy of father (OR=1.74), mother's disease in pregnancy (OR=3.74), child not receiving vitamin A capsule during diarrhoea (OR=5.01), and child not receiving vitamin A capsule during measles (OR=3.88) appeared as significant risk factors for VADD-related childhood blindness. The following were found to be significant protective factors against vitamin A deficiency in children: child immunised against measles (OR=0.10); colostrum given to child (OR=0.15); child breastfed (OR=0.13); child given dark green leafy vegetables (OR=0.01); child given meat/fish/eggs (OR=0.08); oil/fat used in child's food (OR=0.14); vitamin A capsule given to child in last year (OR=0.31); vitamin A-rich food eaten during pregnancy (OR=0.02); and antihelminthics given to child (OR=0.15).
Conclusion: A comprehensive and integrated programme is needed to control the high prevalence of childhood blindness in the Kishoreganj district. The control programme should include primary prevention strategies for VADD-related blindness, strategies to identify children with eye disease at an early age, and referral and treatment of children with cataract. These programmes should take a primary eye care approach to highlight the risk factors and protective factors of VADD-related blindness in children.
Use of key informants in determining the magnitude and causes of childhood blindness in Chikwawa district, southern Malawi
Background: Population-based studies to determine the magnitude and causes of childhood blindness require very large sample sizes and are very costly. Alternative methods such as the key informant method (which is cheap and easy to use) have been found to be as reliable as population-based studies in settings where the population is very dense.
Aims: To determine the magnitude and causes of childhood blindness in Chikwawa district, Malawi, using the key informant method; to see how this method can be used in a setting of low population density, where the population is widely dispersed.
Methods: Key informants are local people who know their community well. They were randomly selected by the communities themselves and trained for one day in techniques to identify children in the community who are blind. Each key informant covered on average 4-7 villages which were widely dispersed. Identified children were examined by the ophthalmologist to confirm the diagnosis.
Results: A group of 44 key informants was selected and trained. There were more female (80%) than male (20%) key informants. The key informants correctly identified 37 children who were blind in 196 villages (86% of the expected number from the area). The prevalence of childhood blindness was found to be 0.09%. Cataract was found to be the most common cause (35%) of childhood blindness, followed by corneal scarring (22%).
Conclusion: The key informant method was found to be cheap and useful in identifying children who are blind, even in areas where the population is widely dispersed. We recommend that this method be used to identify children who are blind in other districts of Malawi and where population-based surveys cannot be conducted.
A national survey of visual impairment in Botswana
Aims: To estimate the prevalence and determine the causes of visual impairment in people aged 50 years and older in Botswana, and to assess cataract surgical services in the country.
Methods: Multi-stage cluster randomised sampling with probability proportional to size was used to select a cross-sectional, nationally representative sample of 2,662 adults aged 50 years and older. Demographic details were collected for each of the subjects. This was followed by measurement of distance visual acuity. The crystalline lenses of all the subjects were examined for cataract. All those whose vision did not improve to 6/18 with pinhole had their pupils dilated with a short-acting mydriatic and their fundus examined. Subjects with vision <6/60 due to cataract were asked why they had not had surgery. Blindness was defined as vision <3/60 in the better eye with available correction and visual impairment as vision <6/18 in the better eye with available correction. The convention used by the World Health Organization, of assigning the major cause to the disorder most amenable to treatment, was used for those with more than one disorder causing visual impairment.
Results: A total of 2,127 eligible subjects were examined (79.9% response rate) from 55 clusters. Of those, 130 were blind. The age and sex-standardised prevalence of blindness was calculated to be 3.69% (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.38-5.00%). A total of 56 had severe visual impairment (ageand sex-standardised prevalence of 1.69%, 95% CI 1.04-2.33%). The main causes of blindness were cataract (46.9%), diabetic retinopathy (20.0%), non-trachomatous corneal opacities (13.1%), and trachoma (6.2%). Cataract was also the main cause of both severe (58.9%) and moderate (40.2%) visual impairment. Refractive errors were responsible for 38.5% of moderate visual impairment. In total, 55 (37%) of the eyes had best corrected vision <6/60 after cataract surgery. The ageand sex-standardised cataract surgical coverage for vision <3/60 was 66.5% for persons and


Please enable JavaScript to view this site.
Take Command / TCC Help v. 28
Purpose:Start a console (character-mode) application in detached mode
Format:DETACH [/Q] command
commandThe name of a command to execute, including an optional drive and path specification and any parameters. The name must be enclosed in double quotes if it contains any spaces.
See also: START and TASKEND.
When you start a program with DETACH, that program cannot use the keyboard, mouse, or video display. It is "detached" from the normal means of user input and output. However, you can redirect the program's standard I/O to other devices if necessary, using redirection symbols. In most cases, you should only DETACH text-mode programs, since most graphical applications cannot run without a screen or keyboard, or have their input and output redirected.
The command can be an internal command, external command, alias, or batch file. If it is not an external command, TCC will detach a copy of TCC to execute the command.
Once the program has started, TCC returns to the prompt immediately. It does not wait for a detached program to finish.
The Process ID of the detached program is returned in the _DETACHPID variable.
You can use the TASKEND command to stop a detached program which does not terminate on its own.
The following command will detach a copy of TCC to run the batch file XYZ.BTM:
detach xyz.btm
You can also include any parameters or command line switches which the command knows how to interpret:
detach "xyz.btm Monday Nebraska"
If you prefer, you can use the Linux syntax of putting a trailing & on the command line instead of specifying DETACH. (TCC will convert it to DETACH before executing the command.)
xyz.btm &
/QDon't display the new process's ID.


Homeland Security Presidential Directive 12 Deadline Approaching: Single Sign-On and Authentication Management Solutions Can Help Agencies Effectively Meet Mandate
Imprivata Solutions Facilitate a Single, Comprehensive Access Policy that Determines Network Access Based on User's Credentials
LEXINGTON, MA-July 6, 2011-Imprivata, Inc., the #1 single sign-on (SSO) and authentication management company for healthcare and other regulated industries, is helping agencies meet the Homeland Security Presidential Directive 12 (HSPD-12) mandate deadline by aiding in the implementation of a single, comprehensive access policy that allows or denies network access based on a user's physical location, role, and/or employee status. By implementing Imprivata's Authentication Management solution along with its OneSign® Physical/Logical solution, IT headaches are reduced because the complexity and cost of managing multiple strong authentication methods across local and remote desktops and applications is eliminated, providing a single authentication management solution.
In 2004, the Bush Administration rolled out the Homeland Security Presidential Directive 12 to defend the United States from further terrorist attacks, espionage and cyber threats. HSPD-12 requires agencies to implement a biometric-based credential system by issuing smart cards to federal employees and contractors by October, 2011. By mandating a federal standard to guarantee the correct identification for each employee, agencies are able to increase security and efficiency, reduce identity fraud, cut costs and protect personal privacy.
The HSPD-12 mandate also sets requirements for agencies to ensure its facilities and IT systems are ready to accept Personal Identify Verification (PIV) cards. To qualify for PIV credentials, federal employees must have their fingerprints scanned and undergo background checks. The users' personal identifying information is contained in the PIV cards and scanned on a card reader before entering federal facilities. Imprivata's access management technology locks into a building's security system, creating a tie between the PIV card and federal IT networks. This enables a new layer of security that prevents unauthorized access at the physical and network entry positions. Additionally, with Imprivata SSO technology, these organizations can also simplify the login process, allowing users to access all their approved applications with just their card.
"Risks associated with lenient security, including the legal ramifications of failure to protect confidential information is grabbing the attention of government agencies at all levels. Security mandates including the Homeland Security Presidential Directive 12 impose strict demands on the security practices at government organizations and are now requiring agencies to increase security without compromising employee productivity, " said Richard Bowers, Director, Public Sector Sales, of Imprivata. "Because of federal requirements, Imprivata has continued to experience strong demand for its public sector single sign-on and strong authentication management solutions. "
With Imprivata OneSign Authentication Management and OneSign Physical/Logical solutions, companies can economically deploy comprehensive, scalable, and high-performance authentication management to meet the HSPD-12 requisites in time for the October 31st deadline.
About Imprivata
Follow Imprivata on Twitter: _URL_


text:
GeoIO lib is a simple geometry library that encapsulates the drawing of various geometrical entities (like lines, circle, arc, text etc), storing them in a list with support for undo/redo operations. There is a sample application called Cad2D attached which exposes some of the basic drawing and serilaization functionality of the GeoIO library.
Couple of developers/programmers have come across a situation to develop simple application to draw 2-Dimensional geometry entities. However they are blocked due to many reasons like lack of time, unwilling to explore OpenGL, develop the module from base etc. The MFC set of classes (
DeviceContext) gives some good functionality to draw simple entities like lines, circles, rectangles etc, but a first timer may take sometime to learn, understand and experiment it. GeoIO library has encapsulated the complete functionality of MFC into set of core geometry classes. All that you have to do is add this module into your project and start with it. The module also supports drawing, dragging operation OnMouseMove handler and serialization.
Using the code
GeoIO is simple MFC DLL. Add this as dynamic-linked or static-linked to your project. Initially the usage of this module might look difficult, but once you read the below fundamental concepts you should sail through easily. Open the sample project Cad2D (SDI MFC application) which uses GeoIO to draw 2D basic geometry objects. Please explore this sample project to learn and understand the usage of GeoIO.
NOTE: The project has.vcproj and.vcxproj files so it should open in VS2010 and earlier versions of Visual Studio.
Geometry classes in GeoIO:
CPrimitive - the principle base class for all the below mentioned classes.
CGeoArc - class to draw and serialize an arc
CGeoCircle - class to draw and serialize a circle
CGeoLine - class to draw and serialize a line
CGeoPolybezier - class to draw and serialize a polybezier
- class to draw and serialize a polygon
CGeoRectangle - class to draw and serialize a rectangle
CGeoText - class to draw and serialize a string
Note: Some drawing logic have been inspired from various online articles.
CEntityList - class to hold objects of
CLayerList - class to hold objects of
CLayer - class stores an instance of
CLayer object is identified by a layer ID.
So, in your application follow the below procedure:
CLayer *pLayer = new CLayer(); CPrimitive *pEntity = new CGeoLine(); pEntity->m_StPnt = CPoint(10, 10);
pEntity->m_EndPoint = CPoint(100, 100); pEntity->m_clr = RGB(255, 255, 255); pLayer->AddEntityToLayer(pEntity);
OnDraw(CDC *pDC) method of your window class, call the
Also note that in the example above I have hard-coded the
pEntity->m_EndPnt to some random
CPoint values. Ideally this should be done in the
OnLButtonDown handler which gives you the
CPoint data as a parameter.
Concept of layers
In your application, you can create 'N' number layers and maintain them in the
CLayerList class. In the
OnDraw() method of your window class, you can select which
CLayer to be drawn. If you wish to draw all the layers then iterate each layer in the
CLayerList and then call
DrawLayer() method of the
Initial upload: 14 July


text:
USDA Commodity Forecasts:
Inaccuracies Found May Lead to Underestimates of Budget Outlays
PEMD-91-24: Published: Aug 13, 1991. Publicly Released: Sep 20, 1991.
- Full Report:
Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO examined the Department of Agriculture's (USDA) long-term commodity forecasts used in the President's budget process, focusing on the: (1) accuracy of those long-term supply and utilization forecasts, referred to as baselines; and (2) effect that forecast inaccuracies could have on outlay estimates in the President's January 1990 budget submission.
GAO found that: (1) USDA baseline forecasts, particularly those made 3 to 5 years in advance, exhibited both large total error rates and consistent bias error components; (2) weather, macroeconomic factors, and program and policy assumptions contributed to baseline forecast inaccuracies; (3) USDA forecasts for the first 2 years tended to be more accurate than GAO benchmarks, but GAO benchmarks for the third through fifth years showed less bias error than the USDA forecasts; and (4) if the bias error exhibited in long-term forecasts for crop years 1981 through 1988 continued, and if the 1985 farm bill provisions had been extended, costs for the commodity programs could have been $19.5 billion higher than estimated in the President's January 1990 budget submission.
Recommendation for Executive Action
Status: Closed - Implemented
Comments: USDA has calculated some measures of forecast accuracy and compared its forecasts with benchmark alternatives. Additional results are expected by the end of 1993.
Recommendation: The Secretary of Agriculture should specifically direct the World Agricultural Outlook Board to measure and report forecast accuracy of 5-year baselines, as well as develop and report on benchmark forecasts.
Agency Affected: Department of Agriculture