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Dilated Pupils Definition
For those who would like to know as to what is a dilated pupil, must be made aware of the fact that dilating pupils are a kind of a physiological response to a stimulus that is actually underlined by involuntary reflex actions. It is characterized by the changes in the size of the pupil.
Light conditions acts as a stimuli for uneven pupil dilation. It may also be a case of pupil dilation attraction, in which case the pupil expands when it is interested in a particular subject. Sexual orgasm may also serve as a stimulus for pupil dilation. In such cases, one may suffer from dilation of the pupils due to a Pavlovian response to some kind of stimulus. This kind of a pupillary response usually increases with age and aged people suffer from fixed and dilated pupils.
A fixed and dilated pupil is actually known as Mydriasis. It is basically the result of an excitation of the iris which causes an opening up of the papillary aperature. Dilated pupils in children are also quite common. There may be very many causes of dilated pupils but neurological problems are the most common cause of the same. Uneven dilated pupils may be a sign of a serious condition which may be life-threatening if not treated in time.
Dilated Pupils Symptoms
The symptoms of dilated pupils depend on the underlying cause of the same. It may be accompanied by symptoms associated with other causal agents and disorders. Since it is associated with neurological problems, it may lead to nausea and vomiting, slurring of the speech, sub consciousness, tachycardia, and numbness. It may also be characterized by a lack of alertness or consciousness, unresponsiveness, changes in behavioural patterns leading to a state of confusion, or giving rise to delusions and hallucinations.
One may also suffer from severe headache accompanied by eye pain and other ophthalmologic problems. One may also suffer from one dilated pupil, which is also known as unilateral dilation of the pupils. A dilated pupil in severe cases may also be accompanied by an inability to control one's bowels and bladder, and numbness or even paralysis. Life-threatening cases of dilation may be signalled by serious problems such as coma, muscle weakness, and shocks.
Dilated Pupils Causes
Usually a dilated pupil is caused due to a stimulus to light, wherein the pupils constrict when light brightens and dilates when light dims. Pupils dilate to allow for more light to enter the eyes, so that one is able to see objects even in a poorly lit area. However, if one wants to know what causes dilated pupils other than the natural cause, one must be enlightened with the fact that pupils always dilated may have other causes. Emotions such as fear, anger, sexual orgasm and attraction may also fall under the category of naturally induced causes of dilated pupils. Dilated pupils ecstasy is also a cause of ecstasy and overexcitement that one may experience while having a strong libido. The basic reason cited behind the constant dilated pupils is the release of oxytocin. The opposite of dilated pupils is known as Miosis.
Some of the other reasons for dilated pupils may include neuropathic disorders, trauma, medications and drugs, poisoning, any kind of injury or the spinal cord that may give rise to neurological problems.
The neuropathic cause behind dilation of the pupils is the sympathetic stimulation of α1 adrenergic receptors involving the radial muscle and the parasympathetic stimulation involving the circular iris muscle cause the pupils to dilate. Moreover, the over activity of the SNS and the disruption of the parasympathetic nerve supply, cranial nerve disorder, and an elevated intraocular pressure may be cited as the cause of dilation and constriction of the pupils. Complications involving the CNS such as stroke, epilepsy may also be cited as a significant cause of dilated pupils or mydriasis. Such neurological problems actually cause dilated pupil in one eye.
A dilated pupil may be caused by any kind of trauma such as a damage of the nerves controlling the activities of the iris, an injury to the head or the eye, and iris sphincter. All these factors highly affect the consensual reactivity of the eyes to light and cause fixed and dilated pupils after trauma. Damage to the ocular nerve is actually responsible for causing nonparallel or uneven dilation of the eyes.
Medications & Drugs
Picture 2 – Dilated and Constricted Pupils
Source – _URL_
Medicines and drugs prescribed for treating certain diseases may cause a dilated pupil, but it may also be triggered by the side-effects of the same medications and drugs. Such medications are basically cold and cough medications, decongestants, and other illicit dilated pupils drugs or stimulants such as marijuana, LSD, and cocaine. Alcohol is also an addictive substance that is responsible for causing alcohol dilated pupils.
Drugs that cause dilated pupils include decongestants like pseudoephedrine, amphetamines and methamphetamines, antihistamines such as chlorpheniramine and diphenhydramine, and fenflumarine. Antidepressants like SNRIs, SSRIs, and MAOIs are also known to keep pupils dilated. Other medications may take into account antichlolinergics like hyoscyamine, scopolamine, tropicamide and atropine.
Hallucinogens such as psilocybin, LSD, mescaline, tryptamines, phenethylamines, also cause mydriasis or dilated pupils by stimulating the serotogernic 5-HT2A brain receptors. Along with these, opioid withdrawal and rebound also cause both mydriais and miosis.
Moreover, medicinal eye drops known as mydriatics that are administered to patients undergoing an eye test, may also cause the pupils to be dilated. Such an eye test conducted with the administration of anticholinergic drug called tropicamide.
Biological and chemical poisoning caused due to certain kind of plants like black locust tree, and benzene, toxic mushroom, jimsonweed, chloroform and even jet fuel are highly responsible for causing dilated pupils.
Other Serious Causes
Other serious causes of a dilated pupil, which are by nature life-threatening, include brain aneurysm, skull fracture, brain tumour, diabetes, stroke, and cerebral edema or swelling of the brain. Such cases are actually responsible for causing dilated pupils concussion, and fixed dilated pupil. When one finds one pupil dilated more than the other, or pupils dilated different sizes, one may attribute the same to these serious causes.
Dilated Pupil Eye Exam
Dilated pupil test is also known as mydriasis and is conducted with the administration of tropicamide which helps in the observation of retinal complications and reduction of the occurrence of ciliary muscle spasm. Pupil dilation drops are used in with such a antichlorigenic content. Although it causes Photophobia but it is temporary in nature. Neuroanantomy aids the diagnosis of dilated pupil by examining the pathway and the nature of cranial nerves. Along with it, one may also have to go for a diabetic neuropathy, a slit lamp test, mecholyl test, arteriogram, spinal tap, a visual field examination or even a CT scan or an MRI.
Dilated Pupil Treatment
The treatment of dilation of the pupil depends on the age, specific cause; other associated underlying disorders or diseases, and the study of one's medical history. It basically entails the treatment of the underlying causes which may require the need for intensive care and hospitalization. One may even require surgical intervention for dealing with issues related to intra-cranial pressure, and other neurological problems.
The treatment for dilated pupils also entails drug-intake management, medical supervision, counselling, rehabilitation, and other measures aimed towards taking proper care of one's health and other measures for preventing the occurrence of injuries. For instance, cocaine and marijuana dilated pupil can be treated by restricting oneself to get addicted to the same.
Although dilated pupil is not a serious health concern, yet a prompt and proper diagnosis and treatment is essential for ascertaining the underlying causes of the condition since the causes may themselves jeopardise one's life.


The Different Pros And Cons To Using Singapore Money Lenders
singapore money lenders
Despite the growth in technological advancements, the 21st-century world is facing many problems. One of these problems is the economic hardships being experienced by people in almost all countries. After the recession in the early 2000's people thought that money worries would get better, but they have become worse with most young adults living in debt. Statistics show that the global population aged 20-35 will never be able to afford their own homes and will continue to live in debt for the majority of their lives.
One method of living a normal daily life is through the use of loans. Unfortunately, when a person presents with poor credit, it can be difficult to gain a bank loan. In these situations, hard money loans are the best alternative. This article will provide information on the different pros and cons to using Singapore money lenders such as
What Is A Hard Money Loan?
The basic premise for a loan is one where the individual needing money (that's you) contacts a lender requesting a specific amount. If a loan is provided, an agreement will be put in place for the individual to repay the loan over a set time. Typically, lenders will consider credit scores before approving or rejecting a loan. This is to determine if you have a solid financial history and will be able to make the repayments.
Receiving confirmation of a loan from a traditional lender can be a slow procedure, even if you have a good credit score. In fact, you may have all the paperwork with a good credit score and still be rejected. The approval of an application is based purely on the lender's opinion. Hard money lenders opt for a different approach.
A hard money loan from Singapore money lenders is based on collateral instead of a contractual repayment scheme. Using collateral to secure the loan, the lender is less concerned with a person's ability or inability to make repayments. If for some reason you are unable to make a repayment, the hard money lender will receive their payment by selling the collateral.
What Are The Benefits Of A Hard Money Loan?
1. Speed
A great benefit to using a hard money loan from Singapore money lenders is the speed of loan approval. As the lender is more focused on the value of collateral, the loan can be obtained more quickly than a traditional loan alternative. Unlike traditional lenders, such as banks, this third-party money lender will not spend too much time reviewing income or credit scores. All you need to do is provide the correct type of collateral and the process of loan approval can begin.
2. Increased Flexibility
Needless to say, hard money loan agreements are far more flexible than the traditional loan agreement. Money lenders do not utilize standard underwriting processes; therefore, they are able to deal with each case independently. This is beneficial because the lender will focus on your specific situation and will be able to draft an agreement suited to your needs. A traditional bank loan is highly stringent operating according to procedures and regulations.
What Are The Drawbacks Of A Hard Money Loan?
1. The Cost
While the use of a hard money loan can seem better than a traditional one, not everything is perfect. Despite money lenders offering loans to people with bad credit, the loans can be very expensive. Unlike traditional bank loans, hard money loans provide double-digit interest rates and the need to pay set-up fees.
2. Not A Good Long-Term Option
If you are searching for a long-term loan, then it is best to opt for a bank loan instead of a hard money alternative. Hard money loans from Singapore money lenders are suitable for short-term situations only. This is because they use collateral as a measure for repayment and the value of the item can deteriorate over time. While it is possible to use hard money loans to purchase property or vehicles, it is recommended that the loan be repaid within the year.
Final Words
No person wishes to find themselves in debt and finding a loan can be complicated. Using this information, you will discover if using a money lender is suitable for your needs.


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OPHTHAL 4410A - Honours Ophthalmology Research Project PT CN
North Terrace Campus - Semester 1 - 2018
General Course Information
Course Code OPHTHAL 4410A Course Honours Ophthalmology Research Project PT CN Coordinating Unit Surgical Specialties Term Semester 1 Level Undergraduate Location/s North Terrace Campus Contact 35 hours per week Available for Study Abroad and Exchange Corequisites MEDICINE 4003 Restrictions For BHlthMedSc(Hons) students only Course Description In this course, students will develop a research question that they will address by designing a research project. They will then collect and analyse data for their project, and report the outcomes in both oral and written forms. Throughout the course, they will apply the skills developed during the Honours Medicine Research Skills course, which runs in parallel with their research project
Course Coordinator: Professor Christopher RaynerProfessor Chris Rayner
Honours Coordinator, School of Medicine
Level 6, Eleanor Harrald Building
Royal Adelaide Hospital
Adelaide SA 5000
Tel: (08) 8222 2916 or 0401 364 782
Fax: (08) 8223 3870
The full timetable of all activities for this course can be accessed from Course Planner.Student activities on research projects will be planned in conjunction with research supervisors
Course Learning Outcomes1. Identify and critically interpret the background literature relevant to the research project
2. Conceive, develop and execute a research project
3. Demonstrate a sound grasp of research ethics, research techniques, rigorous maintenance of research records, and analysis and storage of research data
4. Identify and evaluate problems and define the elements required to solve them
5. Communicate scientific information clearly and concisely in spoken and written formats.
University Graduate Attributes
This course will provide students with an opportunity to develop the Graduate Attribute(s) specified below:
University Graduate Attribute Course Learning Outcome(s) Deep discipline knowledge
- informed and infused by cutting edge research, scaffolded throughout their program of studies
- acquired from personal interaction with research active educators, from year 1
- accredited or validated against national or international standards (for relevant programs)
1,2,3 Critical thinking and problem solving
- steeped in research methods and rigor
- based on empirical evidence and the scientific approach to knowledge development
- demonstrated through appropriate and relevant assessment
1,2,4 Teamwork and communication skills
- developed from, with, and via the SGDE
- honed through assessment and practice throughout the program of studies
- encouraged and valued in all aspects of learning
5 Career and leadership readiness
- technology savvy
- professional and, where relevant, fully accredited
- forward thinking and well informed
- tested and validated by work based experiences
2,3 Intercultural and ethical competency
- adept at operating in other cultures
- comfortable with different nationalities and social contexts
- able to determine and contribute to desirable social outcomes
- demonstrated by study abroad or with an understanding of indigenous knowledges
NA Self-awareness and emotional intelligence
- a capacity for self-reflection and a willingness to engage in self-appraisal
- open to objective and constructive feedback from supervisors and peers
- able to negotiate difficult social situations, defuse conflict and engage positively in purposeful debate
Required ResourcesNo single textbook covers the material to be considered during this course. All students are required to locate and evaluate the literature that is relevant to their project. This will primarily consist of peer-reviewed literature journal articles relevant to the area of the research project.
Online LearningDesign of the research project and interpretation of the data will involve extensive use of web-based literature searches
Learning & Teaching Activities
Learning & Teaching ModesStudents will work within research groups to develop, conduct and evaluate individual research projects, and to prepare written and oral presentations, which will be presented to peers and assessors. Research activities will initially be carried out with direct supervision of the supervisor and/or other research laboratory members but is expected to progress to performing independent work under broad or no direct supervision.
The information below is provided as a guide to assist students in engaging appropriately with the course requirements.Students are expected to spend an average of 31 hours/week (full-time students; 15.5 hours/week expected from part-time students) planning, conducting and evaluating their research projects, in addition to time preparing written proposal, seminars and thesis. Students are expected to plan and manage timetabling of their projects, in consultation with research group members and supervisors.
Learning Activities SummaryThis course is designed for students to develop specific knowledge and skills in a chosen research field as well as general skills in working independently, critical reasoning, scientific writing and presentation. Students undertake a research project. The overall objective of the program is for students to demonstrate a deep understanding and interpretation of their subject area and the ability to clearly and thoroughly present their project.
Specific Course RequirementsEnrolment of students from the MBBS program requires prior approval from the MBBS curriculum committee.
Out-of-hours work, police check, vaccinations or field work may be required for specific research projects.
Small Group Discovery ExperienceThe course is a small group discovery experience. Students will work individually on research projects, supervised by research leaders to undertake research training and research projects, within the larger context of a research group. Conducting an Honours Research project under guidance of a research group leader involves at least weekly contact and project discussion with the supervisor. Honours students will discover new knowledge during the course of their projects.
The University's policy on Assessment for Coursework Programs is based on the following four principles:
- Assessment must encourage and reinforce learning.
- Assessment must enable robust and fair judgements about student performance.
- Assessment practices must be fair and equitable to students and give them the opportunity to demonstrate what they have learned.
- Assessment must maintain academic standards.
Learning course objective(s) being addressed
Seminar 1 – Presentation of proposed research
Seminar 2 – presentation of research
Assessment Related RequirementsNo additional requirements.
Assessment DetailSeminar 1 – Presentation of proposed research:
(15 min presentation plus 5 min discussion)
While no formal assessment is made on this seminar, you will receive some written feedback from 2 members of the Faculty, and we strongly advise you to seek critical comments from your supervisor and other members of the Discipline. Such feedback will help with future oral presentations that are assessed.
(marked by two independent examiners)
Each student will prepare a thesis describing her or his research. The thesis must be written in the form of a manuscript to be submitted a scientific journal. The word count should be no more than 5000 words
Seminar 2 – Presentation of research:
(18 min presentation plus 10 min discussion)
In this seminar you will present the results of your research project and indicate how your work has contributed to a greater understanding of the research area. Marks will be awarded by two independent assessors.
The supervisor(s) will assess the practical work (laboratory skills, data collection and analysis) of each student. This assessment will focus on the mastery of techniques by the student and the diligence and commitment of the student to quality control. The supervisor will also assess the student's development as an independent and critical scientist. This assessment will be carried out at the end of the second semester.
The specific elements of the assessment are:
SECTION A: Data collection, analytical and problem solving skills
- Development of new methodology/optimisation of existing methodology
- Maintenance of quality control and understanding of the need for precision, accuracy and reproducibility in any experimental methodology
- Rigorous & methodical approach to the maintenance of research records
- Cooperative and positive member of a research team with appropriate communication skills in the research team
- Can be relied on to seek help when appropriate with technical matters
- Capacity to identify and evaluate a technical or methodological problem and define the important elements required for its solution
- Clear insight into the steps required for appropriate analysis of experimental data (including the statistical treatment of data)
SECTION B: Research potential
- Demonstration of an original and critical approach in the assimilation of the current state of knowledge in this particular field of research
- Understanding of the gaps or flaws in knowledge in this particular research field
- Capacity to generate independent ideas for future empirical investigation in this research area
- Interest and curiosity in scientific questions beyond the confines of the current project
- Overall ability to use the skills required to perform original scientific research.
SubmissionSubmission of all written assignments will be by email to the Course Coordinator.
Deadlines for handing in written material must be strictly observed. The Honours Coordinators will only grant extensions to these deadlines in very special circumstances such as illness (for which the student will need a medical certificate), and the requirement for an extension should be negotiated in advance, not after the deadline has passed.
All assignments, including those handed in late, will be assessed on their merit. However, the penalty for late submission in this course will be a deduction from the mark awarded at a rate of 10 percentage points of the total possible per day. The School reserves the right to refuse to accept an assignment that is more than 7 calendar days late.
Word limits in written assignments must be strictly observed, and exceeding these carries the following penalties:
up to 10 % over the word limit: 5 % off the mark
10 – 20 % over the word limit: 15 % off the mark
> 20 % over the word limit: assignment not accepted for assessment
Grades for your performance in this course will be awarded in accordance with the following scheme:
NOG (No Grade Associated) Grade Description CN Continuing
Further details of the grades/results can be obtained from Examinations.
Grade Descriptors are available which provide a general guide to the standard

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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The Best HR KPIs Aligned With Company Strategy
This article will summarize a long research that was done for various kinds of HR KPIs. Below you will find the list of KPI for a Human Resource department. It is not just the KPIs, but detailed instruction about how to use specific KPIs and why these are the best choice for your business.
Why do HR managers and executives need KPIs?
The goal of any HR specialist is to help a company achieve its business goals by finding and hiring the right people, and then training and managing them in the right way and ensuring the consistency of the process. While the goal and the strategy of HR might be clear, how could one tell that their HR department is on the right track? Is the HR strategy being executed effectively? Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) will help in this case, but only if applied according to certain rules.
Lagging and Leading KPIs
Before we start with HR KPIs, all KPIs can be divided into lagging and leading.
Lagging KPIs are focused on the past, and they measure the output. For example, the "Turnover rate" is a lagging KPI. Lagging KPIs tell the story about the current state of your HR, but they don't tell you how to change this state.
Leading KPIs are focused on the future. Leading KPIs measure the input that should be introduced to achieve better results. For example, for the lagging KPI "Turnover rate" a leading KPI pair might be "Employee Engagement Rate."
We could say that "Employee Engagement Rate" (leading KPI) is what influences the "Turnover rate" (lagging KPI). Don't draw a conclusion that lagging KPIs are useless and what you need are leading KPIs only. It's just two type of KPIs that tell you different stories about your HR; and you will need both of them. What makes a difference is how you are going to use these KPIs.
Leading and Lagging KPIs in BSC Designer
Users of BSC Designer can specify if the indicator is a leading or lagging one:
- Go to the "Business goals" tab and find some business goal with an aligned KPI (or align some new KPI):
- Select an aligned KPI and in the properties change "Indicator type" to "Leading" or "Lagging."
- Switch to the "Strategy map" tab. Leading indicators will have a light green background, lagging indicators will have a light gray background:
HR KPIs Best Practice
A KPI by itself cannot be good or bad. Let's take a "turnover rate" KPI as an example.
- A bad HR manager only measures it without making any noticeable impact on a business.
- A good HR manager can have the same KPI, but use it exclusively for top-performers and have a step-by-step action plan about how to keep top-performers in the company, thus making a measurable difference to the company's outcomes as a result.
Some best practices for HR KPIs here.
- Define Cause and Effect Links
Before you start thinking about KPIs, define the strategic objectives that you have. The HR department is not a separate business; it works for the company, and it helps the company execute the strategy. Plus, it manages a company's most valuable asset, its employees. Make sure that the HR department in your company understands how its activity is linked to the ultimate objectives of the company.
- Align KPIs With a Specific Objective
KPIs are not a stand-alone measurement product. They are supposed to track your progress in achieving certain business objective. If you have a KPI, then it should be linked to some kind of business objective. If you have a KPI that is not linked to any objective, then probably you don't need this KPI at this very moment as it has nothing to do with the company's business objectives.
- Add an Action Plan
If you have a business objective and a KPI, it means that you know the goal and you know your progress towards this goal. But nothing will happen unless you start doing something. Add an action plan to your HR KPI. For example: if you measure employee engagement index in some way (that's your KPI), what is your action plan to improve it?
There are 20+ HR Hire KPIs that you might have found. The problem is that these KPIs have nothing to do with your strategy:
- HR Turnover (why it is useless and how to replace it)
- Time to fill (why it is useless and how to replace it)
- Actual versus budgeted cost of hire
- Average interviewing costs
- Female to male ratio
I suggest starting with this HR Hire KPIs:
- Time to find required number of qualified candidates.
- Yield Ratio, %.(Number of leads from recruitment method / Number of candidates invited to interview) x 100%.
Most Finance KPIs for HR are lagging KPIs you are free to use any kind of finance KPI that you wish to. But make sure you link it to some specific business objective. In most cases it won't be an easy task, as one number that you don't know is the ROI of certain talent in your company. I suggest you find a way how you can calculate this ROI. By having even an approximate result you will be able to improve any financial KPI for HR:
- Talent's ROI to Improve All HR KPIs.
One of the lagging measures for HR that might make a difference:
- Revenue per FTE employee. Formula: (Total revenue / The number of FTE employees) x 100.
- HR KPIs in the Balanced Scorecard
If you decide to use the "Strategy Map + KPIs" approach then what you might use is a Balanced Scorecard framework. With the Balanced Scorecard you can achieve all the requirements for the winning KPIs:
- You can build a cause-and-effect connection between business objectives;
- You can align KPIs with specific business objectives;
- You can add an action plan to each KPI.
Balanced Scorecard Software
As an automation tool I suggest using BSC Designer. You already have HR KPIs described in this article there.
What is more important is that this software allows creating a strategy map with strategic objectives linked by case-and-effect connection, and aligning KPIs to these objectives and adding an action plan to KPIs. Example from this article explains how to do this for HR.
Execute your HR strategy
When you have all your HR KPIs in the Balanced Scorecard you can start working with your HR strategy. Use an action plan that you have for specific KPIs, and ask your employees to report their progress back to the system.
When your company moves ahead you might need to revise your business objectives and as a result revise your HR KPIs. Do it regularly in order to make sure you are still tracking what matters.
Original article was written by Hussain Kamran


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Ask a question about 'Gypsy Breynton'
Start a new discussion about 'Gypsy Breynton'
Answer questions from other users
is the heroine of an eponymous series of books written by Elizabeth Stuart Phelps
Elizabeth Stuart Phelps Ward, born Mary Gray Phelps, was an American author and an early advocate of clothing reform for women, urging them to burn their corsets.- Biography :...
. The books were written in 1866-7 for Sunday school
Sunday school is the generic name for many different types of religious education pursued on Sundays by various denominations.-England:The first Sunday school may have been opened in 1751 in St. Mary's Church, Nottingham. Another early start was made by Hannah Ball, a native of High Wycombe in...
s and so are of an improving nature. Gypsy, as the name indicates, is an impetuous tomboy
A tomboy is a girl who exhibits characteristics or behaviors considered typical of the gender role of a boy, including the wearing of typically masculine-oriented clothes and engaging in games and activities that are often physical in nature, and which are considered in many cultures to be the...
who lives a chaotic life lacking a system. Her development and experiences provide the basis for the restrained moralising of the stories.
The four books in the series are
- Gypsy Breynton
- Gypsy's Cousin Joy
- Gypsy's Sowing and Reaping
- Gypsy's Year at the Golden Crescent

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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/ohm meter. The resistance can show if a coil is working properly and even measure resistance of a coil that is shorting out internally. After years of winding you can determine if you have proper DC resistance for the number of turns you are using. If the reading is low, you could have shorted turns or magnet wire with bare insulation's that can happen from time to time. If the resistance is high, it could show that your magnet wire is being stretched causing a higher average DC resistance for that particular gauge wire.
Number of turns: This is the number I use for the total number of turns I'll be putting on a particular guitar or bass pickup. The winding area of a particular bobbin will determine the maximum number of turns that can be put on the coil or bobbin with a desired gauge of magnet wire.
Pitch: Pitch is the number of turns used in a given space. Like the threads in a screw will also control how fast the winding will travel from left to right within the walls of the traverse.
Traverse: The traverse is the winding distance from the left to right side of a bobbin. Most bobbins are wound vertical where the top is facing left and the bottom is facing right or vice versa. The traverse is the actual area between the inside walls of the bobbin.
Multifiler: Multifiler is usually 2 or more wires bonded together that can be wound around the bobbin at the same time. The diameter of the bonded wires will also determine the pitch of the wind.
Bondable wire: Magnet wire that has an adhesive coating that will bond by either Heat bonding by baking in a special oven or Chemical bonding as it is run through a chemically saturated felt wick as the coil is being wound. The coil can also be chemically sprayed with a mist application as it is being wound.
Wire shaping: Magnet wire can come in several shapes with the standard round copper, rectangular and square magnet wire. The ribbon and square magnet wires are used for special applications such as speaker cones and would be difficult to wind on a pickup.
Automatic traverse: As the bobbin is turning when being wound, the traverse automatically travels back and forth to the desired pitch or speed. The traverse usually works in relation to the winding speed of a particular bobbin being wound and magnet wire diameter being used.
Scatter/hand winding: As the spinning coil is being wound with a particular gauge of magnet wire, the winder hand guides the wire back and forth to form a desired coil shape and pitch. You can watch the turns fill in between winding layers and this is how the majority of vintage Fender and G&L bobbins have been wound. Many companies still use the scatter or hand winding for the mystique and tone.
Potting: There are several types of potting solutions. There are many types of wax solutions with various temperatures and hardness. The epoxy type are used in many situations along with varnish that you can bake or let air dry too. Silicone is used at times and basically the various potting solutions are used to help eliminate unwanted microphonic feedback, tampering and circuit or coil protection from the elements.
Wind to turns: Winding to a pre-determined number of turns as most modern winding machines are set up to wind in that manor. Winding to a desired number of turns can also vary the DC resistance from coil to coil. Using the same gauge of magnet wire along with consistent and equal tension will help in keeping the coils DC resistance consistent.
Wind to DC: When a coil is wound to a desired DC resistance. This takes more time but with proper winding and tension, this can be done without much trouble. Winding to the desired DC resistance can alter the number of turns used from coil to coil.
Applications: Using the desired magnet wire for the right application. This could be using the proper insulation for color or diameter for restoring a vintage pickup. Even though the magnet wire would work, I wouldn't use Green insulation for a vintage coil. I would either use Plain Enamel or Formvar depending again on the application.
Chemical properties: Usually materials that insulate the magnet wire and other chemical solutions needed to withstand contamination of outside elements such as potting by wax or other insulating varnishes.
Solderability: Amount of heat and time required to reduce insulation when soldering magnet wire. Many insulation's are best physically or chemically stripped to expose the bare copper wire.
Windability: Magnet wire is manufactured with a lubricant to reduce friction for better de-reeling and more compact coils with better coil electromechanical values.
784. How do you determine the total layers of magnet wire in a coil?
When you have determined the winding area such as traverse width and wall height you can determine the total layers. If your bobbin has a.250 inch traverse and.230 inch wall height and you use nominal 42 gauge wire that has a diameter of.0028 inch. Divide.250 inch by.0028 inch and you get an average of 89 turns per layer. Now divide.230 inch (wall height) by.0028 inch and you get an average of 82 turns that is actually the number of layers on that bobbin. If you multiply 89 (the turns per layer) by 82 (the total layers) you would get 7298 turns. This is the maximum number of turns providing each turn was placed side by side and directly on top of each other and the magnet wire was exacting tolerances.
785. What is turns per layer?
The turns per layer is determined by the traverse width from left to right and the diameter of the particular gauge of magnet wire. Just divide the traverse area by the diameter of the wire and you'll get the maximum number of turns that will fit side by side in each layer.
786. What is winding speed?
The winding speed is the rate at which the bobbin turns either top coming or top going. The winding speed also determines the rate at which the traverse will automatically follow the set pitch for the magnet wire diameter.
787. What is winding tension?
Winding tension is the amount of drag or rate the magnet wire can be pulled through the tension devices without stretching the wire. It is usually measured in grams for the finer magnet wires.
788. Do pickups have the same phasing from guitar to guitar with two or more pickups?
The winding direction, magnet polarity and hookup can be different from guitar to guitar even with the same brand or model. Most companies that make humbuckers usually wind the coils in the same direction, use the same magnetic polarity and are hooked up the same. Often when you want to replace a pickup in your instrument and you find out that the pickups are out of phase. I'm sure some large companies get upset with all the after market products but it sure helps sell their products. I enjoy my Jeep 4-wheel drive and often look for after market accessories to customize it.
789. Can humbuckers be hooked up differently than in series?
Typical Gibson, Duncan, DiMarzio have wiring options besides being hooked up in series. Most companies manufacture pickups with 4 conductor wiring. This will enable you to split, phase, parallel, series and many other wiring combinations when used by itself or in combination with other pickups. There are many new switches on the market and some fancy wiring diagrams.
790. Can I reverse my Strat pickups 180 degrees to get more output out of my B & E string?
The majority of instruments manufactured by Fender have the traditional routing in the body and trying to reverse the pickups 180 degrees won't fit. You would need a larger cavity or a pickup that has a oblong bottom plate like a Fender Jaguar. Some after market companies can make a reverse staggered pickup just for that purpose. You can also ask your rewinding service to reverse the pattern for you. It can easily be done with good results.
791. Can I wire two pickups in series?
You can usually put the finish of one coil to the beginning of the next coil and you will have two pickups in series. Providing they are both wound in the same direction and have the same magnet polarity they will have proper phasing. If you ground the beginning from both coils and make both finishes a hot connection, the two pickups will be in parallel. When the two coils are connected in series you can add a switch to the middle to split the two pickups making only one operative. The older Fender Duo-Sonics from the late 50's had two pickups hooked up in series for a unique tone and blend of pickups. I have an old '57 Duo-Sonic guitar and love the pickup combinations and tone possibilities.
792. Can pickup phasing be effected by reversing the wires? Reversing the magnetic field?
By reversing the hookup wires from ground to hot and hot to ground the pickups will be electrically in or out of phase when used in combination with two or more pickups. By reversing the magnetic field 180 degrees, the pickup will either be magnetically in phase or out of phase when used in combination with two or more pickups.
793. Can the hookup be changed for phasing the pickup?
Many times the hookup wires on a single coil pickup can be reversed to make a pickup in-phase or out of phase when used in combination with another pickup. Another problem when reversing the hookup wires especially on a Stratocaster pickup, is the poles become noisy if touched and can short out if accidentally touched by the grounded guitar string. Fender Mustang guitars that use a slide switch for each pickup has a solid cover over each pickup so the poles don't become noisy. Telecaster lead and rhythm pickup need to have the ground lifted if you want to reverse the phase in each pickup. The ground wire is also the beginning on Fender Telecaster pickups and reversing the wires would make the entire


Get to know the Types of Press And Motor Press Body Tools
Motor press is often done for certain damage to motor components. Usually the damage caused by an accident or hit by a hard object that makes certain components change shape. If so, the use of a motor press body tool is indispensable.
Actually, press motor is not just for body or frame only. However, there are also several other types of motor press such as triangular parts, rim presses, disc disc presses, press as shock and many others. Although it looks simple, but the motor press there are many luckily.
For example, instead of replacing the body motor with a new spare part, then the press motor is more efficient. It also does not take time. But remember, not all motor damage can be compressed. Because only a few damages can bepressed using the best motor press body tool.
Given there is minor, severe or moderate damage. That is, when an accident is indeed damage to the motor is not the same. In some circumstances, it is recommended that you change the spare part so that the body of the other motor is not affected by the press motor.
Triangular Press
Triangular press becomes one of the most commonly used types of press in addition to the motor press body tool. So if a part of the motor is hit or falls, it's likely that the triangle will twist or bend aka no longer center.
To know if the triangle is bent or not, you can see from the front wheel with a straight front drill or not. If the drill runs to the left, while the front wheel is to the right, it proves that the triangle is crooked.
Similarly, if the drill runs to the right and the front wheel runs to the left, then the possibility of the square is also crooked. Is it just a triangle that can be pressed using a cheap motor press body tool? The answer is of course no.
It usually seep into other components such as the front axle, disc disc disc, as shock ahead of the DNA of other parts of the component around it. Special parts of the shock pipe are usually required to re-check and require a press at all.
As mentioned earlier, if the damage is already severe, it is worth replacing the spare part so as not to interfere with comfort and safety while driving. Because press using the motor press body tool does not guarantee to be 100% back as original.
The cost of the motor triangle press also varies because it corresponds to the damage. In the market the press tariff for this motor triangle is Rp 50 thousand to 100 thousand. But still depends on the motor press body tool used quality or not.
Press Body Motor
This press is considered more extreme than before because the cover of the triangular body needs to be removed first. The goal is nothing but toenter or straighten and restore a twisted chassis or frame due to an accident or fall.
To see if the chassis can be done press body or have to replace the spare part, you should see the rear spakbor with a straight rear wheel or not center. It can also be seen from the distance between the handlebar steering wheel and the front seat.
If it turns out that it is necessary to press body using a professional motor press body tool usually done the change of the comstir part first. Because the old steel pelor is damaged due to impact caused by falling or hard collision.
The cost for compressing the body motor also varies because it is adjusted badly or not the chassis in the motor body. It is also related to the experience of the press body motor itself.
Usually an experienced press with the best motor press body tool the price is quite high. The tariff range of this motor press body part is Rp 250 thousand to Rp 350 thousand according to the severe or not framework of the motor.
Press Wheels
Surely you already know if in the market there are two types of wheels that are often used in their respective motors. The type of rim in question is the rim of the fingers and also the racing wheel or the cross rim. The cause of damage to the body part of the motor is the same, it could be due to a collision or a hard impact.
Whether it's a collision, a crash or a bumpy road. Racing wheels are generally bent in the tread section or most severely broken. But it is different from the rim of the type of radius. The damage to the rim is caused by bends in the fingers and the tread of the rim.
The use of motor press body tools for wheels is simpler than the previous two types of presses. because it can be pressed rim or can also weld babet on the surface of the rim that previously broke. To make the rim results better, it is recommended to change this section only.
Those are the types of motor presses that are on the market. Of course each section has its own name. But instead of having to use a press body motor, for severe damage is expected to change to be safer.


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Brix Hydrometers are calibrated to show the percentage of sucrose by weight at 20°C. The Brix Scale is based on the following: 1° Brix = 1° sucrose by weight at the specified temperature (20°C). the data of the National Bureau of Standards are used.
On select Brix Hydrometers with a built-in thermometer, the thermometer scale is located in the body of the hydrometer. All of the thermometers have a rage of 0-50°C with 1° subdivisions. A correction scale for conversion of the Hydrometer Brix reading to it's 20°C value is printed opposite the temperature scale.


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On an animal study, scientists found that eating yogurt can have positive effects to one's health particularly in controlling weight gain and improving sexual vigour.
In an effort to find whether yogurt is helpful in fighting obesity, researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology conducted an experiment which involved feeding a total of 80 mice (40 males and 40 females) with vanilla-flavoured yogurt. One group of mice was fed with junk food diet (high-fat and low-fibre) while another group was fed with the regular mouse food. Half of each group were then provided with vanilla-flavoured yogurt.
Slimmer and Sexier Mice
Researchers were surprised of the results. They found that mice that were fed with vanilla-flavoured yogurt had shinier fur. Furthermore, male mice developed larger testicles which create a 'swagger' effect on them, as described by ABC News. These benefits were observed even among the mice that were fed with junk food diet. But, the effects were more significant to those that had their regular diet. In the first group, scientists only found 5% increase in the weight of their testicles while those that are on a regular diet had 15% increase. This effect boosts their sexual abilities. In the said experiment, it was also shown that male mice inseminated their partners quicker and produced more offspring.
According to Professor Susan Erdman, one of the researchers, they started the study only to find out whether the probiotic organisms in yogurt has an effect to age-related weight gain and other diseases such as cancer. To their surprise, this popular dairy product has also shown to boost the sexual appeal of mice (particularly the male ones) due to the increase in the size of their testicles. "It's similar to how men at the top of their game carry themselves differently. We see that sort of sexy swagger in the yogurt-eating male mice. In general, these were shiny, sexy mice." added Erdman.
It is not only the male mice that benefited from eating yogurt. The researchers noticed that yogurt-fed female mice became 'better mothers' and have higher chances of raising their babies well. They're still trying to find out what caused this effect. Their theory was that a yogurt diet is associated with reduced stress levels in mice.
Does it have the Same Effects on Humans?
So does that mean yogurt can make humans slimmer and sexier too? Researchers suggest that eating yogurt can have many potential health benefits. They cited one published study showing humans who regularly eat yogurt are slimmer while another group of researchers are investigating the effects of yogurt-rich diet to fertility.
Some experts however pointed out that it's quite hard to draw a conclusion from this study as there are several things that are yet to be considered like whether the yogurt should be organic or not. Nonetheless, they all agree that yogurt is good for the health. Stephanie Clarke and Willow Jarosh, registered nutritionists and dieticians and co-founders of C&J Nutrition explained that yogurt is a good source of protein, magnesium, and calcium. The probiotics contained in this delicious snack were also found to aid in digestive problems like diarrhoea and irritable bowel syndrome. It also lowers the risk of gall bladder cancer.
Sources of this article:


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Our Worship Nursery is open during our 9 AM worship service.
The Worship Nursery opens for drop-off at 8:45 AM.
We have two classes available:
1. Children Under 2 Years
2. Children Ages 2 - 4
Once a child turns 5, he/she will be expected at attend worship with his/her parents.
We will be taking extra measures to make sure toys are cleaned and sanitized in between use.
If dropping off your child, please help us with the following things:
1. Check to make sure your child is free of any symptoms and fever.
2. If your child is potty-trained, please take him/her to the bathroom before dropping him/her off.3. Please send only one parent to pick up your child after the worship concludes.
(This helps us prevent conjestion in the hallways.)


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Given a language $L$, define the language $K$ as the language $L$ where every second character is replaced with a $\#$. (Note: $\#$ is not part of the alphabet of $L$.) For example, if $L = \{ab, aabb, abbab \}$, then $K = \{a\#, a\_TAG_\#, a\_TAG_\_TAG_ \}$.
How can I prove that if $L$ is regular, then $K$ is also regular?
I think that I should transform the regular expression that defines $L$ to a series of sub-NDFA's and change the sub-NDFA's according to what operation is used ($*$, $|$ or $\cup$).
But that gives me the problem that I don't know if the previous sub-NDFA will have produced a string of odd or even length when arriving at the current sub-NDFA.
Example: If you have '$aa^{\ast} a$' you would have 3 sub-NDFA's ($a$, $a^{\ast}$ and $a$), but how can I know if I would have to change the last NDFA to $\#$ instead of leaving it at "$a$"?
All help is welcome!
share|improve this question
Ignore regular expressions for this. Just start with an automaton that recognizes $L$ and construct another one that recognizes $K$. – Henning Makholm Oct 25 '11 at 15:34
The regular expressions don't really matter, they're just a way to construct a NDFA. But since I don't have an actual language 'L', I wouldn't know how to create an automaton that recognizes L... I have to do it for any language L, so wouldn't I have to show how it would work for Kleene-star, union and concat? – GoingPlaces Oct 25 '11 at 15:37
You don't need to construct the automaton. Just assume you have one (which you're allowed to do because you're told that $L$ is regular), and then find a general algorithm for systematically constructing an automaton for $K$ if you're given an automaton for $L$. (Obscure hint: "bipartite"). – Henning Makholm Oct 25 '11 at 15:39
I have an algorithm that works for automatons that don't have loops, and I end up with a bipartite, so I think I'm on the right track. However, when I introduce loops, it falls apart completely... – GoingPlaces Oct 25 '11 at 16:13
How can the presence or absence of loops influence the algorithm? Try editing the question to include your current algorithm, and we'll see if we can get it straightened out. – Henning Makholm Oct 25 '11 at 16:21
2 Answers 2
up vote 1 down vote accepted
I like Gadi's answer, but you may want one with a different flavor.
Start with a DFA $M$ that recognizes $L$. Replace each state $s$ of $M$ by a pair of states, $s^0$ and $s^1$, and replace every transition $s \stackrel{x}\longrightarrow t$ by the transitions $s^0 \stackrel{x}\longrightarrow t^1$ and $s^1 \stackrel{x}\longrightarrow t^0$. The idea is that after reading $n$ letters, the new machine will be in a state with superscript $n\text{ mod }2$. Thus, if $s_0$ is the initial state of $M$, $s_0^0$ should be the initial state of the new machine, $M'$. Now you should be able to collapse $M'$ to a DFA that recognizes $K$.
share|improve this answer
This is a very nice solution as well. It may be instructive to think of this construction as "cloning" M and making transitions jump between the copies. – Gadi A Oct 25 '11 at 19:40
Thanks, I've used this method and it worked great. I never thought about looking at it from a more abstract side. (I was just trying to transform graphical DFA's). – GoingPlaces Oct 25 '11 at 23:00
It is even simpler to use the same idea on NFA's because no collapsing is needed then. – Henning Makholm Oct 26 '11 at 2:07
A simple solution using the well-known closure properties: Mark every second character using an inverse homomorphism, then use another homomorphism in order to transform marked characters to #.
Details: Define a homomorphism: $h:\Sigma\cup\Sigma^\prime\to\Sigma ^*$ such that $h(\sigma)=h(\sigma^\prime)=\sigma$. Now we have that $h^{-1}(L)\cap (\Sigma\Sigma^\prime)^*$ is that set of all words of L of even length with every second character marked. Similarly you can mark all the odd-length words and take the union.
Now define another homomorphism $g:\Sigma\cup\Sigma^\prime\to\Sigma\cup\{\#\}$ such that $g(\sigma)=\sigma$ and $g(\sigma^\prime)=\#$. Apply $g$ to the result of the previous step and you are done.
Note that I could have used a more specific version of $h$, but the general version I used here is helpful in many other cases as well.
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Your Answer


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A Perfect Day In Spring, from Songs For EVERY Spring Assembly, celebrates the fresh beauty of springtime and is great fun to sing! This cheerful song encourages a multi-sensory appreciation of the natural world and energizes the senses.
The feel-good factor of this song goes beyond the joyful lyrics and bright melody. Singing A Perfect Day In Spring also creates a great opportunity for practising mindfulness and gratitude by taking time to notice and appreciate nature. The benefits of this are widely reported: research shows that gratitude reduces anxiety and that cultivating an ongoing attitude of thankfulness can protect and stabilize good mental health in young minds; mindfulness is the intentional act of focussing on the present in a gentle and non-judgemental way, with numerous studies showing that this can help with stress, anxiety and depression. Exercising the senses is a great way of practising mindfulness and makes this concept accessible for children of all ages.
You could use this song to introduce the idea of mindfulness and gratitude, then get the children outside for a multi-sensory exercise. Taking cues from the lyrics, children can be guided through the ways that we can experience spring through our senses:
Start with a simple breathing exercise to calm busy minds and bodies. Ask the children to draw a figure of eight (on its side) slowly with their finger. On the first loop, breathe in; on the second loop, breathe out. Repeat five times.
Ask the children to take three deep breaths and really notice what they can smell. After hearing some of their answers aloud, repeat this exercise and see if they can notice a new scent that someone else has mentioned.
Use a percussion instrument such as a triangle or miniature symbol to indicate the start and end of a time of listening that is an achievable length for the age group you are working with. Find out what the children heard during this time and talk about these sounds.
Ask the children to find a space and look around them for a moment. Can they come up with three things that they can see in nature and describe the colours?
Find some flowers, trees or even grass that the children can touch. Ask them to describe how these things feel – are they rough or smooth, cold or warm, strong or soft? Can they spot a detail that they've never noticed before?
Ask the children to notice how they are feeling after this mindfulness exercise. Can they name one thing they are grateful for?
Pausing to recognize what the senses are experiencing is an exercise that children can do anywhere at any time. It equips them with a powerful tool to combat stress and anxiety – a tool that they can continue using throughout their lives. It teaches them that making time to stop and check in with their bodies, thoughts and feelings is valuable, and that connecting with the natural world around us feels good.
As an expansion activity, children could have a go at these spring-themed painted pebbles. This pebble could become a prop for mindfulness exercises. Holding a pebble provides a tangible item to focus on, bringing attention to the senses, starting with touch. Having the pebbles in the classroom or at home can also act as a physical reminder to practise mindfulness.
Even without these mindfulness exercises, simply singing A Perfect Day In Spring combines the stress-busting power of gratitude, the mood-boosting effects of nature and the feel-good factor of singing together, releasing endorphins that are sure to lift the spirits of children and adults alike!Find out more about our Songs For EVERY Spring Assembly here.
Keep up to date with all the latest from Out of the Ark Music by signing up to our eNewsletter and subscribing to our blog here.


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It turns out that it isn't cow flop that's causing the problem, but rather, it's cow belches.
That's according to a study that found less than half the air pollution attributable to cows comes from their excretions. About sixty percent comes from "cow burps".
I'm not surprised, seeing as cows have stomachs with four compartments, compared to the single-compartment stomach in humans.
The reason is the food they eat (it's not just grass). It's hard to chew, and tough to digest. Cows swallow food without chewing much. They store their unchewed meals in their first two stomachs: the rumen and the reticulum.
Later, while at rest, cows belch up parts of their unchewed meals, which is called "cud" (hence the term "chewing their cud"). This time around the cows chew the food well, swallow it, and send it to their third and fourth stomachs: the omasum and abomasum.
That's where it's digested. Some of it becomes milk. The rest becomes air pollution.


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In this provocative and accessible urban history, Lila Corwin Berman considers the role that Detroit's Jews played in the city's well-known narrative of migration and decline. Taking its cue from social critics and historians who have long looked toward Detroit to understand twentieth-century urban transformations, Metropolitan Jews tells the story of Jews leaving the city while retaining a deep connection to it. Berman argues convincingly that though most Jews moved to the suburbs, urban abandonment, disinvestment, and an embrace of conservatism did not invariably accompany their moves. Instead, the Jewish postwar migration was marked by an enduring commitment to a newly fashioned urbanism with a vision of self, community, and society that persisted well beyond city limits.
Complex and subtle, Metropolitan Jews pushes urban scholarship beyond the tenacious black/white, urban/suburban dichotomy. It demands a more nuanced understanding of the process and politics of suburbanization and will reframe how we think about the American urban experiment and modern Jewish history.


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Card Dispensing Solutions With MUTEK products
Recently, there are many questions raised about our card dispensing solutions. Generally, here is an article that briefly summarizes the difference of card issuing machines and card dispensers. It will also serve as an reference when you are going to deploy your own card dispensing solutions.
What's the difference of a card dispenser and a card issuing machine?
Generally, there is no difference from the mechanism point of view. Both would dispense a card from the hopper pre-loaded with cards. In our internal definition, a card dispenser would have possibility to do auto reading/writing of different card type before dispensing. Or it's also possible to serve as a card reader writer that would accept cards from the card holders from the front bezel.(MTK-F31, MTK-X61).
For a card issuing machine, it may not have space or options to integrate a card reader/writer. While it is still possible to work with an external card reader with handshaking jobs done by the host machine.(MTK-F12).
Certain Types of Card Dispensers:
When mentioning Card dispenser for certain card types, e.g. magnetic, IC or RF, it indicates that the dispenser would have reading and/or writing function for that card type. For example:
 1. Magnetic+RFID+IC Card Dispenser: MTK-X91(Magnetic+IC+RFID R/W) and MTK-X61(Magnetic Read, RFID/IC R/W) are both configurable to do one/two/three types of card reading/writing;
 2. Smart Card Dispenser: MTK-571 and MTK-F31 are optional to R/W either RFID and/or IC cards.
Magnetic Card Dispensing Solutions:
Magnetic Card dispensers are strictly divided into 2 categories: Magnetic R/W dispenser and Magnetic Read Only Dispenser. It's mainly due to the cost and practicability factors. For example, a magnetic swipe reader cost only US$10 while a magnetic swipe reader/writer may need over US$100. So as a matter of fact, a magnetic read card dispenser for kiosks is typically priced below US$1000, while a real self-service terminal magnetic read/write dispenser would cost over US$1500.
MUTEK Magnetic Card Dispenser Products:
 1. MTK-X91 all function card dispenser: The machine have magnetic R/W dispensing function while optional to have IC/RFID read/write modules. We don't suggest this model to be used on self-service kiosks; it's mainly used by card manufacturers for batch initialization and verification.
 2. MTK-X61 hybrid Magnetic Read Dispenser: The machine has magnetic read only dispensing function and optional Smart card Reading/writing modules. This one is possible to be used on kiosks and other unattended self-service terminals.
Smart Card (IC/RFID) Card Dispensing Solutions:
Smart Card dispenser is supposed to have one of or both of the IC and RFID card reading/writing modules integrated. It would generally support the ISO standard contact/contactless card types. Customers may also integrate their own specific card reader/writers for other non-standard card types such as HID or iClass types.
MUTEK Related Smart Card Dispensing products:
MTK-571 and MTK-F31 are smart card dispenser that is compatible with each other, both would support RFID/IC card dispensing with front card reading/writing. MTK-F31 is short inprofile which allows it to be installed in slim chassis. Furthermore, card recycling function is supported by MTK-F31.


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Definitions for wageweɪdʒ
Random House Webster's College Dictionary
wageweɪdʒ(n.; v.)waged, wag•ing.
(n.)Often, wages. money that is paid or received for work or services.
Ref: Compare living wage, minimum wage. 1
wages, recompense or return:
The wages of sin is death.
Obs. a pledge or security.
(v.t.)to carry on (a battle, argument, etc.):
to wage war.
Obs. to stake or wager. to pledge.
(v.i.)Obs. to contend; struggle.
Origin of wage:
1275–1325; ME: pledge, security < AF; OF guagegage1< VL *wadium < Gmc (see wed )
wage, pay, earnings, remuneration, salary(verb)
something that remunerates
"wages were paid by check"; "he wasted his pay on drink"; "they saved a quarter of all their earnings"
carry on (wars, battles, or campaigns)
"Napoleon and Hitler waged war against all of Europe"
An amount of money paid to a worker for a specified quantity of work, usually expressed on an hourly basis.
To wager, bet.
To employ for wages; to hire.
To conduct or carry out (a war or other contest).
to wage war
Origin: from wage, a northern variant of gauge, gage, from *waddi, wadja (cognate with wedd), from wadjō, from wadh-. Akin to veþja "to pledge", wadi. More at wed.
to pledge; to hazard on the event of a contest; to stake; to bet, to lay; to wager; as, to wage a dollar
to expose one's self to, as a risk; to incur, as a danger; to venture; to hazard
to engage in, as a contest, as if by previous gage or pledge; to carry on, as a war
to adventure, or lay out, for hire or reward; to hire out
to put upon wages; to hire; to employ; to pay wages to
to give security for the performance of
to bind one's self; to engage
that which is staked or ventured; that for which one incurs risk or danger; prize; gage
that for which one labors; meed; reward; stipulated payment for service performed; hire; pay; compensation; -- at present generally used in the plural. See Wages
Translations for wage
Kernerman English Multilingual Dictionary
(alsoˈwages noun plural) a regular, usually weekly rather than monthly, payment for the work that one does
He spends all his wages on books; What is his weekly wage?
- salárioPortuguese (BR)
- der LohnGerman
- μισθός, (οικονομικές) απολαβέςGreek
- salario, sueldoSpanish
- mjesečna plaćaCroatian
- laun, kaupIcelandic
- 임금, 급료, 삯Korean
- darba algaLatvian
- gaji, upahMalay
- lønn, gasjeNorwegian
- lön, avlöningSwedish
- ค่าจ้าง; ค่าแรงThai
- 報酬，薪資Chinese (Trad.)
- заробітна платаUkrainian
- lương tuầnVietnamese
- 工资，报酬Chinese (Simp.)
Get even more translations for wage »


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When you are studying for the car theory test you will need to study and practice 14 car theory test subjects. These subjects range from your attitude towards road users around you to the rules regarding the motorway.
Here we cover the fourth subject (in alphabetic order)
Safety Margins – a total of 33 theory test car questions, safety margins consists largely of stopping distances, driving in fog and icy roads. The DVSA put these car theory test topics together in order to ensure that learner drivers will be able to deal with dangerous road situations like icy roads and understand the precautions that they should take when driving in these conditions. Of the 33 questions one of the least understood car theory test question is listed below
How can you avoid wheelspin when you're driving on an icy road?
- Drive at a slow speed in the highest gear possible
- Use the parking brake if the wheels start to slip
- Brake gently and repeatedly
- Drive in a low gear at all times
Lets start by explaining what a wheelspin is. A wheelspin is when the wheels on your car are spinning uncontrollably fast losing so much friction that the car isn't actually moving. This can happen if there is too much acceleration going on or in icy conditions when the wheels are struggling to grip the road. If you find yourself driving in icy conditions and the wheels start to spin too fast then the driver needs to able to change the situation. Before that is explained it is important to understand the difference between driving in high gears and driving in low gears. 1st gear is considered the lowest gear and 5th gear (6 in some cars) are considered a high gear. When you drive in 1st gear the wheels are spinning the fastest they can and in 5th gear they are spinning the slowest they can. So when you are moving off in icy conditions, it is always a good idea to drive in as high as gear as possible i.e. 2nd gear or even 3rd gear as that way the wheels will spin slower meaning that the vehicle will have more road friction. Hence the answer to the theory test car question above is 'drive at a slow speed in the highest gear possible.' If you 'use the parking brake if the wheels start to slip', then the car can skid. If you 'brake gently and repeatedly' then the car can also skid as its easier to skid when you over brake in icy roads. 'Driving in a low gear at all times' mean the wheels will spin too fast and the car will struggle to gain friction.
Another car theory test question that causes some confusion is as follows:
You're following other vehicles in fog. You have your headlights on dipped beam. What else can you do to reduce the chances of being in a collision?
- Keep close to the vehicle in front
- Use main beam instead of dipped headlights
- Keep up with the faster vehicles
- Keep a safe distance from the vehicle in front
Before trying to work this question out it is important to understand what dipped beam is and this seems to create a lot of confusion with many learner drivers. Cars have different front lights, and it is important to know the difference between them. Sidelights are basically the weakest lights and you can use them in the day or when it is slightly gloomy in order to make yourself more visible to oncoming traffic. They are not powerful enough to benefit the driver so are used more to aid the visibility for other road users. Headlights (or dipped beam) are the vehicles most commonly used lights. These headlights point towards the ground in order to prevent dazzling other road users but being strong enough to use at night and in normal darkened situations. Main beam or (full beam) are the most powerful front lights and are commonly used when driving at night in country roads that do not have any lighting on the road. You should switch them off when you see oncoming traffic or when you're following traffic as you risk dazzling the drivers if you don't. Fog lights are an optional extra that some cars but not all have built in. They are to be used in foggy conditions, heavy rain or snow. They are designed to penetrate fog rather than reflect the fog back to the driver.
Going back to the theory test car question, if you 'keep close to the vehicle in front' then you run the risk of the car in front stopping in an emergency which could mean that you crash into the car in front. If you 'use main beam instead of dipped headlights' then the fog could be reflected back to the eyes of the driver. This answer seems to be very popular amongst many learner drivers but in this case it is not the correct answer. 'Keep up with the faster vehicles' is also unsafe as you may be driving faster than what is safe for the road conditions. The correct answer to the car theory question above is 'keep a safe distance from the vehicle in front.' By keeping a safe distance from vehicles in front in foggy conditions, you will have more time to react to changes, see a lot more in front as well as giving less pressure to the vehicle in front of you thus making you a better and safer driver.


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Drug Sentece Context
Table 1. Analysis of context sentence of guanfacine gene in 1 abstracts.
|33229969||Brian's developmental pediatrician initiated guanfacine (eventually adding a small dose of aripiprazole) and referred the family to psychology for weekly telehealth behavioral parent training to address behavioral concerns using the Research Units in Behavioral Intervention curriculum.1Brian's behavioral problems decreased during the initial weeks of the COVID-19 crisis, when he no longer had to leave home or attend special education. […] The developmental pediatrician continued to modify the medication regimen over the summer, transitioning Brian from guanfacine to clonidine and increasing his aripiprazole incrementally (with clear increased benefit); hydroxyzine was also used as needed during the episodes of highest intensity.Despite the availability of best-practice guidelines for children with Brian's presenting concerns,2 a confluence of barriers (geographic, economic, ABA work force, global pandemic, etc.) present serious questions for his family and care team related to the next steps in Brian's care.|


text:
Climate Change and the Historical Imagination
- Lawrence A. Kimpton Distinguished Service Professor in History, South Asian Languages, and Civilizations, University of Chicago
In this talk, historian Dipesh Chakrabarty will suggest that man-made global warming spells the collapse of the age-old humanist distinction between natural history and human history. He will ask us to contemplate how our planetary crisis qualifies our sense of human universals while challenging our capacity for historical understanding.
Chakrabarty obtained his Ph.D. in History from the Australian National University, Canberra, Australia in 1984. He holds honorary degrees from the University of London and the University of Antwerp. His current research focuses on anthropogenic climate change and its implications for historical thinking, on the history of the idea of historical truth, and on historical genealogies of crowd-politics in India.
Co-sponsored by ASU's Institute for Humanities Research. For questions or more information, contact the Institute for Humanities Research at _PHONE_ or _EMAIL_.
4:30 - 6:00 p.m.


WPF Support
ReoGrid can work with both Windows Form and WPF. The core of ReoGrid works for both platform, there are independent view modules for rendering and handling user interface on each platform. The APIs of control that faced to user code are almost the same. User code that uses ReoGrid graphics interface for rendering custom cell or handling user event in cell can work on different platform.
Same one template file such as Excel or RGF that can display on Windows Form platform as well as WPF platform. Below are the results from different platforms that uses same template (order_sample.rgf).
As the result ReoGrid tries to keep almost the same appearance for different platforms.
Add spreadsheet control in XAML
Add ReoGrid DLL reference for target project, edit the XAML file of main window as below:
File MainWindow.xaml:
 x:Class="WPFDemo.MainWindow" Title="MainWindow" Height="640" Width="800">

Make sure the namespace is declared in the attribute list, then define a ReoGridControl tag inside Grid tag, run the application, an empty spreadsheet will be displayed in window like below:
In code behind, write code to call APIs of worksheet in order to set same example data and styles:
// get current worksheet instance
var worksheet = grid.CurrentWorksheet;
// get a range reference
var range = worksheet.Ranges["B2:C3"];
// merge the range
// set range styles
range.Style.BackColor = Graphics.SolidColor.LightYellow;
range.BorderOutside = RangeBorderStyle.BlackSolid;
// set range inner data
range.Data = "Hello World!";
The APIs of WPF edition is totally same as the Windows Form edition, see documentation for more details.
Load a template spreadsheet file
Set attribute LoadFromFile to load a template spreadsheet from file:
By run this sample the template spreadsheet will be displayed. It is possible to fill the data in a specified range by code after loading:
public MainWindow()
 grid.CurrentWorksheet.FileLoaded += CurrentWorksheet_FileLoaded;
void CurrentWorksheet_FileLoaded(object sender, unvell.ReoGrid.Events.FileLoadedEventArgs e)
 var worksheet = grid.CurrentWorksheet;
 var dataRange = worksheet.Ranges["A21:G35"];
 dataRange.Data = new object[,]
 {"[23423423]", "Product ABC", 15, 150, 2250},
 {"[45645645]", "Product DEF", 1, 75, 75},
 {"[78978978]", "Product GHI", 2, 30, 60},
Learn more about new features in 0.8.7.
One Response to "WPF Support"
 1. Vladimir Chernya says:
 Can you please provide the example of data binding to ObservableCollection if possible. Thanks.


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On the peeling process of random planar maps
- Nicolas Curien (Université Paris-Sud Orsay, France)
The spatial Markov property of random planar maps is arguably one of the most useful properties of these random lattices. Roughly speaking, it says that after exploring a region of the map, the law of the remaining part only depends on the perimeter of the discovered region. It has been first heuristically used by Watabiki in the physics literature under the name of "peeling process" but was rigorously defined in 2003 by Angel in the case of the Uniform Infinite Planar Triangulation (UIPT). Since then, it has been used to derive information about the metric, (bernoulli and first passage) percolation, simple random walk and recently about the conformal structure of random planar maps. It is also at the core of the construction of "hyperbolic" random maps. In this talk, we will introduce smoothly the peeling process and present some of its main applications.


text:
Guidant National Class Action Commenced
A national class action has been launched on behalf of patients who have received defective defibrillators manufactured by Guidant Corporation. The Statement of Claim alleges that despite its knowledge that the device was defective, Guidant continued to market the defibrillators without disclosing the problem to medical professionals and patients. The defibrillator has been linked to a number of short-circuiting incidences, which have, in at least one case, resulted in the death of a patient in the United States. The Guidant defibrillator is a device used to control irregular heartbeats, rapid heartbeats and slow heartbeats. When the device detects an irregular rhythm it sends an electrical shock to the heart to restore normal heart rhythm. When the defibrillator short circuits, it is no longer able to detect the irregular heart rhythm.


Application of pixel truncation to reduce intensity artifacts in myocardial SPECT imaging with Tc-99m tetrofosmin
Masao Funahashi, Tsuyoshi Shimonagata, Kazuhiro Mihara, Kazuyuki Kashiyama, Ryuichi Shimizu, Shuzo Machida, Kazuyuki Izumi, Hideo Kusuoka, Tsunehiko Nishimura, Noritake Hoki, Sei Ichi Kawamoto
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
Background. Technetium 99m-lauibeled radiopharmaceuticals accumulate in the liver and gallbladder, where they generate intensity artifacts that can result in misdiagnosis of myocardial single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images. This study identifies and eliminates factors affecting the magnitude and appearance of intensity artifacts in a gallbladder-heart phantom. Methods and Results. The myocardium and background compartments of a phantom were filled with Tc-99m at concentrations of 320 and 26.1 kBq/mL, respectively. A disposable plastic syringe containing 5 mL of Tc-99m as a model of the gallbladder was fixed in a position lateral to the heart phantom. Artifact intensity was determined on SPECT images over a specific activity range in the syringe (28.6, 6.6, and 0.2 MBq/mL). Among 72 projection images, those with maximal heart counts in the region of interest were selected. Counts above and below 110% of the maximal heart count in all projection images were excluded and reconstructed, respectively. At 28.6 and 6.6 MBq/mL, excessive artifacts generated cold pixels immediately around the source, whereas lower activity (0.2 MBq/mL) caused the artifacts to disappear. Truncating the counts in the gallbladder caused the intensity artifacts at specific activities of 28.6 and 6.6 MBq/mL to disappear. Conclusions. The magnitude and appearance of intensity artifacts depend on contrast between extracardiac activities in the same slices of the heart in myocardial SPECT images with Tc-99m tetrofosmin, and pixel truncation can eliminate them.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)622-631
Number of pages10
JournalJournal of Nuclear Cardiology
Issue number6
StatePublished - 2002
 - Intensity artifacts
 - Pixel truncation
 - Technetium 99m tetrofosmin
ASJC Scopus subject areas
 - Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging
 - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
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Cite this


text:
Although recent studies of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) have begun to explore the potential energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission impacts from an operational perspective, little is known about how the full life cycle of the vehicle will be impacted. We report the results of a life cycle assessment (LCA) of Level 4 CAV sensing and computing subsystems integrated into internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV) and battery electric vehicle (BEV) platforms. The results indicate that CAV subsystems could increase vehicle primary energy use and GHG emissions by 3−20% due to increases in power consumption, weight, drag, and data transmission. However, when potential operational effects of CAVs are included (e.g., eco-driving, platooning, and intersection connectivity), the net result is up to a 9% reduction in energy and GHG emissions in the base case. Overall, this study highlights opportunities where CAVs can improve net energy and environmental performance.
CSS Publication Number:
life cycle assessment
greenhouse gas emissions
April 22, 2019
Gawron, Jim. (2019) "Evaluating the Potential Environmental Impacts of Connected and Automated Vehicles." Master's Thesis, University of Michigan: Ann Arbor: 1-53.


Galen Cheney "Slow Burn"
David Richard Gallery
poster for Galen Cheney "Slow Burn"
This event has ended.
David Richard Gallery presents Slow Burn by artist Galen Cheney in her first solo exhibition with the gallery in New York. The presentation includes 14 paintings from 2014 through 2021 that fall basically into two categories based on the artist's approach: painting on a stretched canvas versus painting in an unconfined way on unstretched supports that includes the addition of collaged canvas elements, fabrics and other materials that are then either stretched or hung unstretched as a tapestry.
Not surprising, the imagery is also distinctly different between the two approaches. First, color, vivid color, is a key component with both approaches. Second, the compositions differ between the two methodologies in that the paintings emerging on the stretched supports are a mix of gestural strokes, textured and sometimes impasto passages with blocky and layered forms of color and a balanced composition across the canvases. However, in the recently developed unbounded method, the compositions seem to evolve, more spontaneous with notable use of lyrical and directional lines that radiate from within the compositions, running off the canvas or into other collaged elements and a greater use of defined shapes ranging from geometric to loops and long sweeping curves—all combined with her love of nonobjective gestural and color field approaches to painting.
The primary curatorial objective of the presentation is the contrast between not only Cheney's two painting approaches, but the resulting differences in the compositions and imagery between the oil paintings initiated on stretched canvas and the larger collaged paintings initiated on unstretched canvas. However, the bigger question is why, what triggered the experimentation of both working larger and with collaged canvases not on supports?
Cheney's oil paintings on stretched canvas were very much influenced by her studio training, knowledge of art history and passion for Abstract Expressionism. All of her paintings until recently were painted on a stretched support, more out of habit and convention. Her awareness of art history and the rules of the road pressured her internally to make "good" paintings and like most artists, she is her harshest critic and treated a stretched canvas as precious. Cheney's compositions, color selections and process are all thoughtful and structured around the composition, line and palette on a fixed support—emphasis on "fixed". As Cheney said, these stretched canvases are an "inside-out approach". Meaning, the imagery and content come from within and move through her mind and body onto the canvas—lots of thinking and evaluating each action.
The genesis of the larger collage and "tapestry" canvases was a 2015 artist residency in China. Being detached form everything familiar, but surrounded by so many new materials, such as printed papers and inks and new influences, Cheney started cutting, gluing, collaging and inking her way to a new process and liberating experience. This was a profoundly different approach in that all of the materials were right in front of the artist, she did not have to produce anything. It was a matter of unshackling herself, throwing caution to the wind and having some fun just composing her paintings. Thus, according to the artist, it is more of an "outside-in approach" to painting—all of the materials were ready and waiting, it did not require generating the palettes and imagery, but rather, responding to and creating compositions from what was in front of her.
This new-found fun and process continued when Cheney returned to the US and applied the same process to all of the scraps, rejected canvases and newly painted canvases done purely for the benefit of becoming source material. She felt unconstrained and free to take risks and make mistakes, change her mind, edit and even flip the canvas over and start again. Her "inner critic is quieter." Take a look at both sides of Emanator, 2020 as proof of a total artist conversion.
The exhibition title, Slow Burn, is a reflection of Cheney's thoughts and feelings about painting—it is slow and all-consuming. First, engaging the mind, as ideas, issues and aesthetics float around and meld, forming the nuggets for new paintings. Then, as a true student of Abstract Expressionism, it becomes corpuscular, then bodily, the ideas and emotions pulse through the body and express themselves through the artist's arms and fingertips, guided by her literal and metaphorical vision.
Cheney is a painter, through and through. She enjoys the solitude of both the thought and physical processes—it is not a group activity. Cheney also enjoys the intimacy and internal explorations of herself followed by the external expression of her ideas and frustrations. It is how she grounds herself. Thus, painting is personal and her method of expression.
However, drawing, which Cheney is deeply passionate about, is integral to her paintings. Interestingly, she describes her painting process as "scribbling around in the details and working my way out." An indication that she gets details and initial concepts down on canvas first then expands, edits and scales up from there. The use of line is a common element in the artist's paintings, both the oil paintings initiated on stretched canvases as well as the collaged paintings. In fact, the collage paintings contain a number of small sections of drawing of shapes with distinct detailed line work as well as large markings for structures—pentimenti and evidence of the artist's thinking and planning process.
The artist is well trained in both studio practice and art history. While she is detail oriented, as noted with her love of drawing, she has a more intuitive studio practice, in her words, working from the "gut" and not overly dogmatic about theory. Yet, daily news, global issues, the environment and a sense of urgency with every aspect of life calls to her and informs her work—and to some extent, hales from her training and influences as noted below.
Cheney earned her MFA at the Maryland Institute, College of Art where she was mentored by Grace Hartigan. Hartigan tried to make sense of a confusing world through her artworks and doing so by imbuing them with meaning and feeling. Her artworks often included recognizable forms as she moved between and combined figuration and abstraction using her iconic brushwork and bold gestural approach. Clearly, Hartigan had an influence on Cheney as she developed an appreciation for and respect of Abstract Expression as well as passion for the brush stroke and power of strong gestures in painting.
However, Cheney had several other informal mentors who made strong and lasting impressions on her and artwork. Layering of color and forms, density of imagery and mixing hard edge shapes with painterly approaches as well as collaging geometric shapes in mosaics by Jack Whitten influenced Cheney to be as equally "fearless" in approaching her art. Cheney's newest collage works with their concentrated shapes and imagery, use of diverse materials and constructed approach speak to the assemblages of Thornton Dial, another "fearless" artist who influenced Cheney to think big and consider the unexpected in painting. Not forgetting Joan Mitchell, the extraordinary Abstract Expressionist artist whose brush strokes evoke lines and drawing, lyrical movements, color harmonies and the natural world all in one motion has been one of the greatest inspirations for Cheney—as Cheney is a thoughtful student of art history and passionate about Abstract Expressionism and the great painters who came before her.
Cheney gets into and enjoys the process, details and nuance of every mark and action on the canvas. She has stated that she is "a wall climber rather than a hang glider, reaching for handholds, footholds, always on the brink of falling, not seeing the totality of the picture until the climb is done." So, just as she has relished every moment of her new-found freedom and expression on the larger and unstretched canvases, she grounds herself in and will always creates her oil paintings on defined stretched canvases (or, at least for new…..stay tuned).
About Galen Cheney:
I'm a painter's painter. My formal art education began at Mount Holyoke College and continued at the Maryland Institute, College of Art, where I received my MFA and was mentored by Grace Hartigan, Hermine Ford, and Salvatore Scarpitta, among other important artists.
Three decades later, I continue to push myself and my work with honesty, commitment, and fearlessness. Deep diving into my own creative process, I am a physical artist whose richly layered paintings embody my curiosity about and exploration of materials abstraction and my own psyche.
Born in Los Angeles and widely traveled, I have spent most of my life in New England where I feel a deep connection to my roots, the land, and centuries-old architecture. A childhood trip to Europe was the start of my enduring love of travel and fascination with ancient civilizations. Along with an affinity for the ancient world, I feel the gravitational pull of contemporary urban life–its grit, noise and neon graffiti and an unshakable connection to the mid-century Abstract Expressionists. In my own way I synthesize these influences to create work that is complex, and uniquely mine.
My work has been exhibited and collected widely in the U.S. and in Europe, China, Canada, and the UK. I was featured in New American Paintings (vol. 86) and was nominated for a Joan Mitchell Foundation Grant. Past residencies and fellowships include the Millay Colony, MASS MoCA, Vermont Studio Center, Saint-Gaudens National Historic Site, and Da Wang Culture Highland.
from July 21, 2021 to August 13, 2021
Opening Reception on 2021-07-21 from 16:00 to 19:00
Galen Cheney
 - Facebook


text:
According to?? research at MIT, our ability to discern and differentiate what we hear affects our ability to read. Dyslexic people have greater difficulty identifying the voices of speakers of their own language than non-dyslexic people. Non dyselxic people are better at this, but only in their own language. They are as bad as dyslexic people when listening to a foreign language, or so it seems.
What is not clear is whether people are dyslexic because they have trouble discerning differences in what they hear, or whether they have trouble discerning some aspects of what they hear because they are dyslexic. What causes what? I wonder if activities to improve hearing discernment in relation to language input could improve their reading skills, for example lots of listening and reading.
I have always found an emphasis on listening to be essential to my reading skills in foreign languages. Lots of prior listening provides a number of advantages to reading in a foreign language. We gain some familiarity with the subject. We get a little rhythm or momentum for our reading and almost end up hearing the text as we read it quitely to ourselves. Lots of listening, as well as deliberate vocabulary acquisition, are at the core of LingQ.
I have often suggested that the LingQ approach could work for literacy improvement in one's native language. All my approaches to individuals and groups involved in literacy education have been met with indifference. Perhaps this research should make these people think again. Maybe I am reading too much into the research.


Microsoft Xbox 360 Setup Instructions
ResNet recommends connecting your console using a wired internet connection through a router. The wired connection is more reliable and can be up to 20X faster than the wireless connection. Using a router also allows you to connect multiple devices to the wired port at the same time, without having to re-register. For more information on how to setup a router with the Georgia Tech network, see our router setup page.
Wired Configuration for Microsoft Xbox 360
If you will be connecting more than one device to the wired port in your room, you will need to use a router. If you need help setting up your router, check out our router setup tutorial. Once your router is set up, simply connect your Xbox directly to one of the ports on the router and you should be good to go.
If you want to connect your Xbox 360 directly to the wired port in your room, you can do so without a router.
 1. Connect your Xbox 360 to the port in your room with an ethernet cable.
 2. Turn on your Xbox and go to the dashboard.
 3. Navigate to System Settings, then to Network Settings.
 4. Select Configure Network.
 5. Select Wired Connection with an automatic configuration and test the connection. It should fail at this point, but this step lets our switch see your Xbox.
 6. Return to the Configure Network menu.
 7. Scroll right to the Additional Settings tab.
 8. Scroll down and select the box containing Advanced Settings, Host Name, and Alternate Mac Address.
 9. At the bottom of the screen, just above the Done button, you should see Wired MAC Address, followed by a series of 12 letters and numbers. Write this series down.
 10. Using a computer or any device with a web browser, navigate to Sign in with your GT account.
 11. Press Register a Different Device.
 12. Read the information on this page. Then, in the MAC Address box, type in what you wrote down in step 9.
 13. Select whether you live in a Residence Hall or Greek House.
 14. Finally, enter a brief description of the Xbox, like "My Xbox."
 15. If you understand the terms of registration, and accept responsibility for your device, select I Accept Responsibility for This Device.
 16. Turn off your Xbox and wait five minutes before turning it on again.
If you are having problems, you may want to visit Microsoft's support site for router port configuration for more information. If you are still having problems, please contact us!
LAWN Configuration for Microsoft Xbox 360
 1. If you have a new Xbox 360, it should have wireless support built-in. If you have an older Xbox 360, you will need to purchase a wireless adapter. For more information, go to Microsoft's Wireless Adapter product page.
 2. Owners of both old and new Xboxes need to write down their console's internal MAC address, which can be found at [System] -> [Network Settings] -> [Edit Settings] -> [Additional Settings] -> [Advanced Settings], at the bottom of the page, under 'Wired MAC Address.' Do not use the 'Wireless MAC address' - this will not work.
 3. Navigate back to [Edit Settings], go to [Wireless Mode], and select 'GTother' from the list of internet connections.
 4. Enter the security key, and select the WPA option. If you do not have the WPA key, you may get from the LAWN SSID and WPA key webpage.
 5. Run the connection test. It should fail, but that's okay.
 6. On your personal computer, navigate to the LAWN Device Login page. Fill in your GT account, password, and the MAC address that you wrote down earlier, and check the 'disable ISS' check box (Allows you to play online). Note that you will need to log in by this method every time you want to log on to the internet through wireless.
You should now be able to connect to the internet and Xbox Live.


text: (1)Cutting function of oscillation tool It can cut many different materials (such as corrugated paper, cardboard, offset paper, grey board, rubber,honeycomb board, PP,PE,PVC, gasket, leather,carpet and mat ) (2)Folding function: It can fold corrugated paper, card paper and offset board into perfect folding line. (3)Function of dotted line: It is used to fold them after half cutting corrugated paper and grey card paper, and to cut dotted line. (4)Location: Location with laser. (5)Drawing function It can draw various high precision drawing cutting materials: corrugated board, foam, PVC, styrene, Coroplast, Celtec, magnetic film, adhesive vinyl, leather, rubber, fabrics, high intensity reflective films, paper, cardboard, polystyrene, magnetic films, vinyl etc. (6)Punching function: It can punch hole on the material, such as leather,carton, pvc, carpet and mat,etc.