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1. As Cisco grew into an industry giant did they use a product or function orientation? Why? Would you have used the same orientation? 2. After the 2001 restructuring did Cisco change their product/function orientation? Was this the right thing to do? Why? 3. Before the restructuring, how did Cisco cultivate their culture? How would you describe their culture? Did they have any rituals, ceremonies, or myths? Did the culture support their mission? 4. What types of incentives/motivations did Cisco use in their customer focus initiative? Was it effective? How could you have improved the initiative? 5. How did Cisco manage their restructure and re-allignment? What do you think would have been the response to this change? Could they have managed it better? How? Was the loss in sales a result of the change? Explain. 6. If you were Allred would you continue the current path despite a dip in sales and market share or would you try a new approach? Explain. Remember this is a capstone case. That means that the goal is to apply all of the knowledge gained from this course to complete this case study.
During the birth and earlier years of Cisco, their business focus was providing networking products for institutions that wanted to integrate their communication and information systems together in a network. They designed and developed routers and bridges to allow people to manage connections from computers who once spoke different communication languages. They had a very strong product orientation, because at the time, that's all they were providing. As cisco grew in to the giant they were becoming, they maintained that product orientation and increased their offered lineup of networking products, eventually gaining the ability to supply everything a user needed to set up an entire network. Cisco's product orientation was a fantastic orientation for the beginning years of their business, but during the late 1990's, internet and networking was picking up at an...
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English Composition 1
Diagnostic Essay: Analysis of Sarah Orne Jewett's "A White Heron"
ENG 1001-03 (Mon/Wed/Fri 10:00-10:50 a.m.,
Friday, January 18 (by the end of the class period)
ENG 1001-10 (Mon/Wed/Fri 1:00-1:50 p.m., E-214)
Friday, January 18 (by the end of the class period)
The Diagnostic Essay Assignment
In an essay of at least 500 words, write an analysis and interpretation of Sarah Orne Jewett's short story "A White Heron" that will help readers understand and appreciate the story.
(Just click any of the links to "A White Heron" on this page to see the story.)
The specific approach to the story is up to you, but you should focus on analyzing and interpreting the story. That is, you should draw conclusions about the meaning of the story and then support those ideas with specific facts from the story.
You can assume that your audience has already read "A White Heron," so you should not just summarize it. Instead, try to focus on writing an analysis and interpretation of the story. Your essay should help readers understand and appreciate the meaning expressed by Jewett's story. Yes, we know what happens in the story, but what are we supposed to get out of it? What does the story seem to tell us about life?
Below are a few questions you could ask about the story to help you generate ideas to support and develop in your essay:
- How would you describe Sylvia? What characteristics about her stand out?
- How would you describe Sylvia's relationship with nature?
- How does Sylvia feel about the young man?
- What is the major conflict that Sylvia faces in the story?
- Is there any symbolism involved in Sylvia's climbing of the tree near the end of the story?
- Could the white heron be a symbol of Sylvia herself? How are the two similar?
- There are many references to darkness and light in the story. Is there some symbolism here?
Your essay should not just answer many questions, so it probably would not be a good idea to try to answer all of the questions above in your essay. Instead, decide on what you think is a major "theme" of the story, some idea about life that most of us can relate to, and then explain how the author uses the specifics of the story to develop this theme.
Please do not use any sources, such as interpretations of the story written by other scholars, as you write your essay. There is a good chance that your essay will include plagiarism if you use sources. We will use sources later in the course, but, for this essay, please rely only on your own ideas about the story. Do not type the title of the story into a search engine and read what other people say about the story!
Try for a length of at least 500 words.
The Diagnostic Essay: Purpose and Expectations
The diagnostic essay allows me to offer you feedback on your writing at the beginning of the course. Completing the diagnostic essay is a required part of the course (the essay counts toward the number of essays that students must write in the course), but the diagnostic essay will not receive a grade. However, I will collect and evaluate the diagnostic essay just as I will evaluate the other essays you will submit for the course, giving you suggestions that you can apply to your other essays. The diagnostic essay is a good way for you to receive feedback on your writing early in the semester without having to worry about a grade, and it also gives me an idea of how much you know about writing an essay at the beginning of the course. In fact, the essay is called "diagnostic" because it allows me to provide a "diagnosis" of your writing at the beginning of the course, a "diagnosis" being "a critical analysis of the nature of something."
You will have at least two weeks to work on each of your graded essays, plenty of time to plan, pre-write, write, revise, and proofread, major aspects of the writing process that are vital to writing a good essay. However, you do not have as much time to write your diagnostic essay. I don't expect any literary masterpieces, but I will be looking for the basics:
- an introduction and conclusion,
- a thesis statement,
- relevant topic sentences,
- body paragraphs focused on one main idea each,
- a logical progression of ideas,
- ideas developed and supported with specific details,
- a clear presentation of your ideas,
- a formal writing voice,
- sentences free or almost free from errors, and
- at least 500 words.
Don't worry if these expectations sound intimidating; just do the best that you can. You will read a lot of information about strengthening your writing throughout the semester, but if you feel you need to review the basics before you write the diagnostic essay, you could read the web page Evaluation and Grading Criteria for Essays.
- The diagnostic essay should be written in a formal writing
voice. Among other things, this means that you should avoid
first-person references (the use of "I," "me," "my," etc.), so you
should not use phrases such as "I think that," "I believe that," or
"in my opinion." The Web page
Writing Voice provides additional information about
maintaining a formal voice.
- You will need to use quotations from "A White Heron" to help you support and develop your ideas, and every quotation should be integrated into one of your own sentences. In other words, you should make every quotation a part of one of your own sentences and should not have any quotation standing by itself in your essay. In some cases, you could simply put the narrator says or Sylvia thinks (followed by a comma) before quotations to make the quotations a part of your own sentences.
Preparing Your Essay
Your essay should be word processed and double space, with 12-point Times New Roman fonts. Type your name, the instructor's name, your class, and the date in the upper left corner of the first page (as illustrated on The Proper Format for Essays web page), and give your essay a title (different from the title of Jewett's story).
Save your essay to disk or to your network drive.
When you are finished, please print your essay and turn it in.
Keep in mind that the Diagnostic Essay is supposed to demonstrate what you know about writing an essay at the beginning of the course, before you learn anything about writing in the course, but please just ask if you have any questions about the assignment.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Setun (Russian: Се́тунь) was a balanced ternary computer developed in 1958 at Moscow State University. The device was built under the lead of Sergei Sobolev and Nikolay Brusentsov. It was the only modern ternary computer, using three-valued ternary logic instead of two-valued binary logic prevalent in computers before and after Setun's conception. The computer was built to fulfill the needs of the Moscow State University and was manufactured at the Kazan Mathematical plant. Fifty computers were built and production was then halted in 1965. In the period between 1965 and 1970, a regular binary computer was then used at Moscow State University to replace it. Although this replacement binary computer performed equally well, it was 2.5 times the cost of the Setun. In 1970, a new ternary computer, the Setun-70, was designed. The computer was named after the Setun River, which ends near Moscow University.
DSSP (Dialog System for Structured Programming) is a programming language designed for Setun. It was created by students in the laboratory of Nikolay Brusentsov at the Computer Science department of the Moscow State University in 1980. The 32-bit version was created in 1989.
DSSP is similar to the Forth programming language; both are examples of stack-based languages. It may be seen as an early fork from Forth, yet with roots extending to the ternary logic computers like Setun.
Relying on the principle of "one word of text - one word of machine code", DSSP stays very close to the actual machine in structure. It uses Reverse Polish Notation, which is a stack-oriented form of calculating.
The first document in English regarding this obscure language distinguishes DSSP from Forth in the following manner: "DSSP was not invented. It was found. That is why DSSP has not versions, but only extensions. Forth is created by practice. DSSP is created by theory. It is not a word."
See also
- Klimenko, Stanislav V.: Computer science in Russia: A personal view. IEEE Annals of the history of computing, v 21, n 3, 1999
- Malinovski, B. N.: Istorija vychislitel'noj tekhniki v licakh. Kiev, 1995, (in Russian)
- Žogolev, Y. A.: The order code and an interpretative system for the Setun computer. USSR Comp. Math. And Math. Physics (3), 1962, Oxford, Pergamon Press, p 563-578 (in English)
- G. Trogemann, A. Y. Nitussov, W. Ernst (Hg.), Computing in Russia: The History of Computer Devices and Information Technology revealed. Vieweg Verlag, July 2001 (in English)
- Hunger, Francis: SETUN. An Inquiry into the Soviet Ternary Computer. Institut für Buchkunst Leipzig, 2008, ISBN 3-932865-48-0 (Englisch, German)
- Development of ternary computers at Moscow State University
- Nikolai Brusentsov's Setun entry
- Pioneers of Soviet Computing
- Serija EBM Setun (in Russian)
- Сайт материалов по троичной информатике(in Russian)
- Online simulation of Setun ternary computer
|This computer hardware article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


The length of a wall is 12m more than its width. if the area of the wall is less than 50m squared, which of the following could be its length
12m ok
Step-by-step explanation:
good luck
The width of the area of the wall will be 38m
Do you know the answer?
Other questions on the subject: Math


iVolunteer is our school based volunteering project.
vInspired is a nationally recognised organisation.
vInspired for schools – accreditation for all students who are volunteers.
What is it?
Each student has an online account where they log hours spent volunteering towards a vInspired award.
How does it work?
vInspired schools provides an opportunity for all young people who devote any of their own time volunteering for schools and other appropriate community activities to be recognised, whether this is attending a Student Voice meeting, helping to plan an assembly or organising a charity event.
Young people add hours to their online personal volunteering account. They include a referee (the name and contact details of an adult who is in charge of the activity e.g. the name of a teacher and their email address); this referee is used centrally to verify that volunteering has taken place. Volunteering hours build towards vInspired awards. These are v10, v50 and v100 certificates. The numbers are representative of the hours spent volunteering.
Does it extend to volunteering beyond New Mills School?
Yes! Students can log any volunteering that they do. For example, they may be involved with Scouts/ Guides or church organisations, to name a few. If students have a reference to verify the time that they have spent volunteering this can count towards their vInspired award. Older students can add time that they have spent volunteering to help to prepare them for future careers e.g. time spent in hospices, care homes etc. Students who are not currently involved with volunteering outside of NMS can also search for available opportunities through their membership of the scheme e.g. become an online mentor for primary school children.
What about after NMS?
vInspired schools is part of a wider charity called vInspired. This enables young people up to the age of 25 to continue to log their volunteering hours meaning that students can continue to build up a resume of what they have done. vInspired awards are recognised by UCAS and major employers as a way for students to formally quantify the volunteering that they have done.
If you are involved in any of the following activities within school you are eligible to register for vInspired.
 - Anti Bullying Ambassadors
 - Sports Leaders
 - Senior Students
 - Student Council Representatives
Register today or speak to Mrs Davies for more information.
Why Volunteer?
There are loads of benefits to doing something for a good cause. You learn new skills, meet new people, and help your career - all at the same time as doing some good in the world.
Into music? You could volunteer at a music festival and get a free ticket in return. Love sport? There's loads of local sports clubs looking for enthusiastic volunteers to help out. What about travelling? Try a different part of the world to expand your horizons. Or maybe you prefer to stay at home? No problem. You can sign up online and make a difference without moving off your sofa.
Wherever you want to go in life, volunteering can help you get there.
Volunteering hours will impress future employers!
73% of employers would recruit a candidate with volunteering experience over one without. 94% of volunteers got their first job or a promotion thanks to the experience.
Volunteering demonstrates transferable skills, which you'll need to get a job or impress at your university interview. By donating your time to others and showing off your vInspired Awards you become a skilled sort of someone that every employer wants on their team.


How to observe the elusive resonances in H or D + H2 → H2 or HD + H reactive scattering
William H. Miller, John Z.H. Zhang
Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review
Short-lived collision complexes in H or D + H2 (v = j = 0) → H2 or HD (v′, j′) + H reactive scattering give rise to broad resonance structure. Though this structure is not observable in the energy dependence of the integral cross section, it is readily seen in the energy dependence in the differential cross section σ(θ,E), as a peak along a line in the E-θ plane. The equation of this resonance line is E = Er(J(θ)), where Er(J) is the resonance energy as a function of total angular momentum J (i.e., the rotational quantum number of the complex) and J(θ) is the inverse function of θ(J), the effective classical deflection function for the transition. Observation of this resonance structure requires cross sections to individual final (v′, j′) states; it is quenched by summing over j′. It is even more enhanced in cross sections to specific final m′ states with m′ ≠ 0. (m′ is the helicity of the final state, the projection of the final diatomic molecule rotational angular momentum onto the final relative translational velocity vector.) The results reported are all from rigorous three-dimensional quantum mechanical reactive scattering calculations for these cross sections.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)12-19
Number of pages8
JournalJournal of physical chemistry
Issue number1
StatePublished - 1991
ASJC Scopus subject areas
 - Engineering(all)
 - Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
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Franz Kafka in Prague
House of the Minute
Franz Kafka lived in this building, called
the House at the Minute, near the Old Town Square in Prague,
from 1889 to 1896. Kafka was a writer, whose most famous book
is entitled The Trial.
Church of Our Lady
Franz Kafka lived at one time in a house
behind the Church of Our Lady of Tyn. He worked as an insurance
clerk for most of his life and died of tuberculosis at the age
of 40. His 3 sisters died in the Holocaust. Kafka is buried in
the New Jewish Cemetery in Prague.
Location of the Birth
place of Franz Kafka in Prague
A Plaque marks the spot where Franz Kafka
was born on July 3, 1883 above the Batalion Schnapps bar at the
corner of Maiselova and Kaprova streets. The original building
has long since been torn down.
Kafka's most famous works, The Castle
and The Trial were not published until after his death
on June 3, 1924. The Nazis banned his books in 1933. After the
1968 Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, his books were not published
again until 1990, after the fall of Communism in 1989. This building
has photos of his life in Prague.
View through the window
of the Kafka Museum
This page was last updated on March 20,


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What does being a first-generation student mean?
A formal definition of a first-generation college student is a student whose parent(s) did not complete a four-year college or university degree. However, at Marquette, we understand that this definition may not fully account for the rich diversity of first-generation college students. For example, your parent(s) could have some college experience but did not earn a degree from a four-year college or university. Your grandparents, aunts/uncles and siblings could also have degrees, and you would still qualify as first generation. Some first-generation students come from low-income households. Some are students of color, children of immigrant parents and others are working-class white students.
Despite the different backgrounds of first-generation college students, there is much more that you all may have in common. First-generation college students are often highly motivated and eager to excel in a college setting, but you may also encounter the following challenges:
- You may feel the pressure to excel as the first in your family to make it to college.
- You may find it difficult to relate to your peers who do not share the experience of being a first-generation college student.
- You may have to learn the unspoken cultural norms and expectations of university life.
- You may have to constantly explain the demands and rigors of college life to your friends and family.
(Adapted from Loyola University Chicago)

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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An analytical solution is developed for flow in a manifold. The interest is primarily for trickle irrigation laterals, but the solution has broader applications including those for which pressure increases in the direction of flow and for intake manifolds. Both velocity head losses and variable discharge along the manifold are considered in the fundamental analysis. The appropriate second order, nonlinear equation is solved for two flow regimes, laminar and fully turbulent. Results indicate that for most trickle irrigation laterals the velocity head loss is negligible, but for an example from a chemical processing system the effect is important.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Water Science and Technology


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Coding and the XOR Lemma
Briefly, hardness amplification aims to take as hypothesis a function f that is'slightly' hard to compute, and identify a function g that is'very' hard to compute. Since we know complicated functions exist out there somewhere (Shannon's counting argument), we want g to be explicitly determined by f.
Coding-based approaches to this problem work as follows: take such an f, a finite function not computed exactly by any'small' circuit. Let g's truth-table be an error-correcting encoding of the truth-table of f, under a (very) efficiently decodable code.
Suppose g were even approximately computable by a small circuit A. Then applying the decoder to the output of A would give us a small (but slightly larger) circuit that'recovers' all of the bits of f (on demand) from its partially corrupted encoding in A. This contradicts the presumed hardness of f.
Now let's contrast the situation with Yao's XOR Lemma, one form of which states roughly that if no'small'
circuit computes f correctly on more than a 1/2 + d
fraction of all inputs, then no (slightly smaller)
small circuit computes g(x, y)= f(x)+f(y) (mod 2) on more than a
1/2 + O(d^2) + e fraction of inputs, where e is a negligible function of n. Iterating this lemma multiple times to get a big XOR, the result is a very hard function g.
Why does this Lemma, and its variants, seem to require a stronger hardness assumption on f than the coding-based results (both in terms of the computational model--Yao requires hardness against nonuniform circuits--and in terms of the strength of hardness required)? Why are its proofs trickier? And finally, why is the Lemma still worth keeping around? The coding perspective sheds some light on these questions.
From this perspective, we are interested in the 'code' that takes the bitstring that is f's truth-table, and outputs g defined as above. Is this even a valid code? Nope--f and its negation both define the same g. Well, what if we restricted f's first bit to be a 1? Then encoding is unique; however, this isn't a very good error-correcting code; e.g., _PHONE_ and _PHONE_ have encodings g1, g2 that are quite close. This creates an inherent ambiguity that prevents us from obliviously applying a decoder algorithm to the g-approximating circuit A to get back to the exact original f, or even approximate the original f (since our example strings were far apart, no decoded string can approximate both of them at once).
But maybe we can exactly recover the original f from A if we are given a little bit of 'advice', e.g. to discriminate between decoding to _PHONE_ and _PHONE_. Since we are in the nonuniform model, this advice can be built into our circuits. But how much advice do we need? It's got to be small to contradict the hardness of f.
The problem is, every bit in f influences a rather small fraction of bits in the encoding g; thus, any string f' close to f has an encoding g' close to g. If f is a function on n variables, there are then a doubly-exponential-in-n number of functions whose encodings are close to that of f, hence potentially represented by the approximating circuit A (here making hidden assumptions about what 'close' means...). So exponential advice is needed to specify f from among this collection--unacceptably large. This means our decoder can't hope to exactly recover f, and explains why the proof methodology doesn't let us assume that f is merely hard to compute exactly.
The compromise reached by the Lemma is to only approximately recover f (using advice, which our example indicated was necessary), corresponding to the stronger hardness assumption on f in the Lemma's statement. Here we enter the realm of information-theoretic possibility, but the need for this recovery to be algorithmically efficient leads to involved proofs, which necessarily use advice-driven case analysis. Is this coding theory? Trevisan calls it 'approximate list-decoding'. I'd say, sure it's decoding, but the scope of coding theory is being stretched significantly (and very fruitfully, it seems) in the process.
So why is Yao's XOR Lemma still a viable tool? I'm not qualified to answer this in full generality. Moreover, the Lemma has been generalized and improved in several directions. But two observations: first, once we've got a function f hard enough to meet the hypotheses of the XOR Lemma, the Lemma can be repeatedly applied until the resulting g is way hard; some but not all error-correcting codes can do a comparable job of pushing the hardness that far. Second, the XOR-encoding used is very efficient, more so than the error-correcting codes based on, e.g., Reed-Muller; this means that if we are trying to identify very hard functions in a complexity class C, and we assume f is taken from C, then the encoding g is more likely to be in C as well, so that we get hardness amplification within the class. Since the main target of hardness amplification research is giving evidence of really hard problems inside NP, Yao's Lemma looks to remain vital. It can't deliver the goods fully yet (e.g., NP doesn't seem to be closed under XOR), but new insights keep coming; the new FOCS 2006 paper by Impagliazzo-Kabanets-Jaiswal looks to be in this vein.
In conclusion, the XOR Lemma is an important result with somewhat difficult (but not impossible) proofs; the coding perspective illuminates the shape of the Lemma's statement and explains why it cannot easily be strengthened.
Note, however, that the coding barriers we encountered are methodological ones, and don't in themselves give evidence about the actual limits on the hardness-amplification properties of the XOR operation. On that subject my knowledge is slim.


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Publication Date : 15 September 2012
The EPUB edition contains embedded music files that play in Apple's iBooks for iPad and iPhone and in the desktop EPUB reader Calibre. Other readers don't currently support audio.
Free print preview
This ethnomusicological and organological study of the Paraguayan diatonic harp in the twentieth century tells its story as an emblematic national musical instrument. First used liturgically by Jesuit missions in colonial times, the transplanted European diatonic harp was transformed and adopted into the folk music vocabulary of Paraguay and the Río de la Plata region. Following the commercial success of Paraguayan harpist Félix Pérez Cardozo in the 1930s in Argentina, the instrument's symbolic value as an icon of social, cultural, and national identity was articulated in local traditions such as popular folk music festivals. It received the designation of arpa paraguaya (Paraguayan harp) and, in 2010, official recognition as símbolo de la cultura nacional (cultural national symbol).
The book integrates an account of the historical and musical development of the diatonic harp in Paraguay, an analysis of the musical contributions by harp composers and performers, a survey of the various traditional genres associated with the instrument, and a discussion of the popular and academic settings where the instrument has been cultivated and performed in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. The author's fieldwork in Paraguay and continuous contact with composers, educators, festival organizers, harp performers, researchers, and festival organizers have provided unique insights into the development of the Paraguayan harp tradition as a cultural icon of the nation.
This book will be of interest to a large and varied audience, including scholars and professionals in the fields of musicology and ethnomusicology, Latin American specialists, historians, libraries, harp performers and other musicians, and general readers interested in the history of musical instruments and culture.


text: A new method for selective surface functionalization of silicon with a silicon-nitrogen bonded (Si-N) monolayer and subsequent bioimmobilization is presented. The Si-N monolayer was studied using Xray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fluorescence spectroscopy, and capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements using an electrolyte insulator semiconductor (EIS) sensor. A symmetric ethylene diamine (EDA, C2H4 (NH2)(2)) molecule was used as a precursor compound for monolayer formation in an inert environment in the liquid phase. XPS results show the attachment of EDA molecules proceeds via dissociative and dative bond formation whereas free amine groups on the surface were used for further immobilization of biomolecules. SEM shows selective functionalization and bioimmobilization on a patterned surface such as a silicon nanowire on silicon oxide substrate. Biosensing experiments with bioimmobilized surfaces were carried out in aqueous buffer and show high sensitivity for biosensing. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


Does 'deplatforming' work to curb hate speech and calls for violence? 3 experts in online communications weigh in
15 Jan 2021
Twitter's suspension of Donald Trump's account took away his preferred means of communicating with millions of his followers. AP Photo/Tali Arbel
In the wake of the assault on the U.S. Capitol on Jan. 6, Twitter permanently suspended Donald Trump's personal account, and Google, Apple and Amazon shunned Parler, which at least temporarily shut down the social media platform favored by the far right.
Dubbed "deplatforming," these actions restrict the ability of individuals and communities to communicate with each other and the public. Deplatforming raises ethical and legal questions, but foremost is the question of whether it's an effective strategy to reduce hate speech and calls for violence on social media.
The Conversation U.S. asked three experts in online communications whether deplatforming works and what happens when technology companies attempt it.
Sort of, but it's not a long-term solution
Jeremy Blackburn, assistant professor of computer science, Binghamton University
The question of how effective deplatforming is can be looked at from two different angles: Does it work from a technical standpoint, and does it have an effect on worrisome communities themselves?
Does deplatforming work from a technical perspective?
Gab was the first "major" platform subject to deplatforming efforts, first with removal from app stores and, after the Tree of Life shooting, the withdrawal of cloud infrastructure providers, domain name providers and other Web-related services. Before the shooting, my colleagues and I showed in a study that Gab was an alt-right echo chamber with worrisome trends of hateful content. Although Gab was deplatformed, it managed to survive by shifting to decentralized technologies and has shown a degree of innovation – for example, developing the moderation-circumventing Dissenter browser.
From a technical perspective, deplatforming just makes things a bit harder. Amazon's cloud services make it easy to manage computing infrastructure but are ultimately built on open source technologies available to anyone. A deplatformed company or people sympathetic to it could build their own hosting infrastructure. The research community has also built censorship-resistant tools that, if all else fails, harmful online communities can use to persist.
Does deplatforming have an effect on worrisome communities themselves?
Whether or not deplatforming has a social effect is a nuanced question just now beginning to be addressed by the research community. There is evidence that a platform banning communities and content – for example, QAnon or certain politicians – can have a positive effect. Platform banning can reduce growth of new users over time, and there is less content produced overall. On the other hand, migrations do happen, and this is often a response to real world events – for example, a deplatformed personality who migrates to a new platform can trigger an influx of new users.
Another consequence of deplatforming can be users in the migrated community showing signs of becoming more radicalized over time. While Reddit or Twitter might improve with the loss of problematic users, deplatforming can have unintended consequences that can accelerate the problematic behavior that led to deplatforming in the first place.
Ultimately, it's unlikely that deplatforming, while certainly easy to implement and effective to some extent, will be a long-term solution in and of itself. Moving forward, effective approaches will need to take into account the complicated technological and social consequences of addressing the root problem of extremist and violent Web communities.
Yes, but driving people into the shadows can be risky
Ugochukwu Etudo, assistant professor of operations and information management, University of Connecticut
Does the deplatforming of prominent figures and movement leaders who command large followings online work? That depends on the criteria for the success of the policy intervention. If it means punishing the target of the deplatforming so they pay some price, then without a doubt it works. For example, right-wing provocateur Milo Yiannopoulos was banned from Twitter in 2016 and Facebook in 2019, and subsequently complained about financial hardship.
If it means dampening the odds of undesirable social outcomes and unrest, then in the short term, yes. But it is not at all certain in the long term. In the short term, deplatforming serves as a shock or disorienting perturbation to a network of people who are being influenced by the target of the deplatforming. This disorientation can weaken the movement, at least initially.
However, there is a risk that deplatforming can delegitimize authoritative sources of information in the eyes of a movement's followers, and remaining adherents can become even more ardent. Movement leaders can reframe deplatforming as censorship and further proof of a mainstream bias.
There is reason to be concerned about the possibility that driving people who engage in harmful online behavior into the shadows further entrenches them in online environments that affirm their biases. Far-right groups and personalities have established a considerable presence on privacy-focused online platforms, including the messaging platform Telegram. This migration is concerning because researchers have known for some time that complete online anonymity is associated with increased harmful behavior online.
In deplatforming policymaking, among other considerations, there should be an emphasis on justice, harm reduction and rehabilitation. Policy objectives should be defined transparently and with reasonable expectations in order to avoid some of these negative unintended consequences.
Yes, but the process needs to be transparent and democratic
Robert Gehl, associate professor of communication and media studies, Louisiana Tech University
Deplatforming not only works, I believe it needs to be built into the system. Social media should have mechanisms by which racist, fascist, misogynist or transphobic speakers are removed, where misinformation is removed, and where there is no way to pay to have your messages amplified. And the decision to deplatform someone should be decided as close to democratically as is possible, rather than in some closed boardroom or opaque content moderation committee like Facebook's "Supreme Court."
In other words, the answer is alternative social media like Mastodon. As a federated system, Mastodon is specifically designed to give users and administrators the ability to mute, block or even remove not just misbehaving users but entire parts of the network.
For example, despite fears that the alt-right network Gab would somehow take over the Mastodon federation, Mastodon administrators quickly marginalized Gab. The same thing is happening as I write with new racist and misogynistic networks forming to fill the potential void left by Parler. And Mastodon nodes have also prevented spam and advertising from spreading across the network.
Moreover, the decision to block parts of the network aren't made in secret. They're done by local administrators, who announce their decisions publicly and are answerable to the members of their node in the network. I'm on, an academic-oriented Mastodon node, and if I don't like a decision the local administrator makes, I can contact the administrator directly and discuss it. There are other distributed social media systems, as well.
The danger of mainstream, corporate social media is that it was built to do exactly the opposite of what alternatives like Mastodon do: grow at all costs, including the cost of harming democratic deliberation. It's not just cute cats that draw attention but conspiracy theories, misinformation and the stoking of bigotry. Corporate social media tolerates these things as long as they're profitable – and, it turns out, that tolerance has lasted far too long.
Jeremy Blackburn has received funding from a Facebook Content Policy Research on Social Media award.
Robert W. Gehl received funding from Fulbright Canada to support his research on alternative social media. He is currently funded by the Louisiana Board of Regents Endowed Chairs for Eminent Scholars program.
Read the full article here.
Covid-19 – Johns Hopkins University
Download brochure
Introduction brochure


text:
Learning SuDocs Call Numbers
This tutorial is designed to teach staff or student workers the SuDocs classification or call number system. The first section, SuDocs Basics, gives a brief overview of the system and focuses on the three most important things to remember. The second section is an interactive quiz with multiple choice and true/false questions, where even wrong answers teach a lesson. In the third section, you can arrange call numbers in shelving order in four different call number sequences.
This interactive tutorial is sponsored by the Continuing Education Fund Working Group of the Education Committee of the American Library Association's Government Documents Round Table. Originally designed by Becky Fox, former staff member of the Michigan State University Libraries.


text:
Honor Orchestra Mission Statement: The Honor Orchestra selection process seeks to recognize and honor quality musicianship in the performance of advanced literature at the highest level. Showcasing the quality teaching these exemplars represent promotes the growth and development of orchestra programs throughout Texas.
In 1960, Austin High School (El Paso), under the leadership of George Webber, became the first "Honor Orchestra" selected through competitive process. The purpose of Honor Band/Honor Orchestra was two-fold. Many educators believed that through the process of hearing and observing the results of quality teaching, directors could develop their own instructional skills to a higher level. In addition, selection of an honor orchestra recognized communities and school systems that successfully supported music in education through their instrumental music programs.
Through the years participation has been active and the recognition of exemplary programs through the honor orchestra selection process has become a highly sought after goal by many directors. As a result, the quality of honor groups has remained high and the original purpose of growth and development through observation of superior teaching and performance has been addressed annually and maintains its validity. Teachers throughout the state have had the opportunity to learn from master teachers by attending honor orchestra adjudication, performances, and director clinics.
While the original rules and regulations for the selection of honor orchestras have been refined on several occasions, the intent of those policies has remained intact. Ultimately, it is the responsibility of the participating director and administration of the school involved to maintain the integrity of the honor orchestra process. In order for the selection system to accomplish its purpose, all involved must honestly adhere to the established procedures and share responsibility for maintaining high ethical standards. Furthermore, to remain educationally sound, preparation and participation must be consistent with worthwhile educational goals that do not exploit students or the system.
- Divisions & Regions
- Job Services
- Mentoring Network
- Texas All-State
- Texas Future Music Educators
- Texas Music Scholars
- Distinguished Administrator Award
- Music Industry
- Music Education in the Law
- Music Education Advocacy
- Teaching Resources
- Southwestern Musician
- Texas Music Education Research
- TMEA Policies


text:
Conveyor belt inspection
Identify and quickly repair flaws in working conveyor belts
Conveyor belts are subject to significant and constant wear, whether distributing packages in a fulfillment center, filling snack food packages, or packaging chicken parts. Many are metal with a variety of weaves, links, and rods specific to uses such as freezing, baking, washing, sorting, and cooling. Heavy use and resulting wear results in poor tracking, slack tension, or missing or bent links.
Unaddressed maintenance issues can damage products, resulting in waste and potential safety hazards, or even require an unexpected shutdown of the line, with resulting production delays. Preventive maintenance helps keep the line operating effectively with minimal downtime.
Keeping the belt under continuous observation during operation allows for the detection of current or potential defects. When the line shuts down daily, the defective parts can be located and replaced.
The variety of bends, rips, and other damage to the wire or metal links, rods, and other conveyor parts is so wide that it is impossible to program conventional machine vision to identify them all. Conveyor belts are often filled with debris, bits and pieces of product, blown dust, and other visual confounders, making conventional machine vision unreliable even for the defects they are programmed to detect.
Cognex AI-based technology makes continuous, accurate inspection of working conveyor belts routine. The defect detection tool trains on a set of images of functional conveyor belts, within acceptable levels of wear, and then flags any wear or damage outside of the acceptable parameters, regardless of confusing debris.
After defect detection, the classification tool enables process improvement. By training on image sets of both acceptable and damaged conveyor belt parts, it learns to classify specific types of damage or wear, providing users with the information they need to identify the source of excessive wear or damage and make modifications to reduce or eliminate it.


text:
Here's how you can use the Drum Machine on BandLab Web:
- Click the Red Create button on your homepage at _URL_
- Choose Let's Make Music
- You will be prompted with the Add New Track screen, choose Drum Machine.
- The Mix Editor will open with the drum machine ready to go and an open pre-programmed sequence, Pattern A & B, already populated in the drum machine.
- Select which Kit you want to use from the drop-down menu at the left of the drum machine window and the sounds of the programmed sequence will change.
- Hit your spacebar and drums will play in a loop over and over again.
- Click on the boxes within the drum machine to add or remove a sound from the sequence. You can choose a different pattern from the right to start fresh.
- When you like a particular sequence, you can click the button in the bottom right of the Drum Machine that says Pattern A (through H) and the sequence will be added to a track as a loop. You can quickly program different patterns and switch between them in the new Drum Machine.
- Once the loops are in the track, you can extend them or move them around however you wish.


text:
December 08, 2011
- precious (adjective)
- What does it mean?
- 1 : of great value or high price2 : greatly loved : dear
- How do you use it?
- "Mrs. Frisby did what she was told, first grasping the precious packages of medicine tightly between her teeth." (Robert C. O'Brien, Mrs. Frisby and the Rats of NIMH)
- Are you a word wiz?
Which word do you think comes from the same root as "precious"?"Precious" and "appreciate" both come from a family of words having to do with value. Words in this family trace to the Latin root "pretium" which means "price, money, value." An early meaning of "appreciate" is "to recognize something as valuable." The related word "depreciate" means "to lower the price or value of something." And "prize" and "price" were formed when "pretium" was adopted into English as "pris."


On 31 May 2019, the Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) published a circular in relation to third-party deposits and payments of licensed corporations (LCs) (Circular) together with an appendix on key control measures and examples of effective practices (Appendix).
The SFC has become increasingly concerned about the risks associated with third-party deposits and payments to or from accounts maintained by clients with LCs. When a client uses a third-party to pay for or receive proceeds of investment transactions, there are risks that the arrangement might have been used to disguise the true beneficial owner or the source of funds for evading regulatory requirements and/or conducting unlawful activities such as misappropriation of client assets, money laundering and terrorist financing (ML/TF) and other misconduct or crime. These may undermine market integrity and prejudice the interest of investors.
In a number of recent enforcement cases, the SFC found that the internal systems and controls put in place by LCs for handling or scrutinising third-party deposits and payments did not meet the expected standards or were not properly enforced by the responsible officers.
In this article, we summarise the Circular by setting out the key standard of conduct expected from LCs in implementing policies, procedures and controls to mitigate the risk involved in third-party deposits or payments and reminding LCs of their existing obligations under the AML Guideline[1], AMLO[2] and Code of Conduct[3].
Expected standards and control measures
In view of the risks associated with these arrangements, the SFC has made it very clear that firms should discourage these arrangements and should only accept them under exceptional and legitimate circumstances having regard to the client's profile and normal commercial practices.
LCs are highly encouraged to implement robust systems and procedures that can be reasonably expected to protect client assets as well as to detect and prevent risks associated with third-part payment arrangements. Here are a few suggestions by the SFC.
 1. LCs must clearly define in their policies and procedures the exceptional and legitimate circumstances under which third-party deposits and payments may be permitted and provide examples of acceptable third-party payors and payees. These policies and procedures should be approved by senior management and effectively communicated to all relevant staff members.
 1. LCs must only accept any third-party payment arrangements when effective monitoring systems and control measures are implemented to mitigate the associated risks and the applicable legal and regulatory requirements are adhered to.
 1. LCs must designate the Manager-In-Charge (MIC) of Anti-money Laundering and Counter-Terrorist Financing (AML/CFT) to oversee the design, implementation and ongoing monitoring of the policies and procedures for handling third-party deposits and payments. All these transactions should be subject to approval by the MIC of AML/CFT or Money Laundering Reporting Officer (MLRO). LCs should also appoint staff members responsible for carrying out the control measures and clearly delineate their duties.
 1. In 2017, an LC was reprimanded and fined HK$2.6 million for its senior management and Compliance Department's failure to implement appropriate internal procedures and controls to detect, assess, enquire and monitor red flag third-party deposits. The SFC also found evidence showing a lack of mutual understanding of respective roles and responsibilities in the handling of third party deposits among the senior management and staff.
 1. LCs must conduct due diligence on ANY third-party deposit or payment requests to determine:
 1. the identity of the third-party payor or payee. LCs should adopt a risk-sensitive approach. Relatively low-risk third-party payors or payees include immediate family members, beneficial owners and affiliated companies of corporate clients and regulated custodians and lending institutions. Others posing higher risks should be subject to a dual approval process by the MIC of AML/CFT or MLRO and a member of senior management.
 2. the relationship between the client and the third-party payor or payee. LCs should exercise increased caution when the relationship is difficult to verify, insufficient details of the identity of the third-party is provided for verification or the third-party payor or payee makes or receives payments for several seemingly unrelated clients, which may suggest nominees or warehousing arrangements to facilitate market and corporate misconduct.
 3. the reason and the need for receiving the deposit from or making the payment to the third-party. LCs should take all appropriate measures (e.g. making prompt follow-up inquiries and obtaining evidence) to ensure that a third-party deposit or payment will only be accepted when it is reasonably in line with the client's profile and normal commercial practices, including the frequency and pattern of previous transactions.
 1. In 2017, the SFC reprimanded and fined an LC HK$3 million over multiple AML/CFT internal controls failures, including, amongst other things, failure to enquire third-party deposits and to ensure effective approval process of third-party deposits. The RO (also being the former managing director) was also suspended for 6 months as a result.
 1. LCs must vigilantly monitor client accounts involving third-party deposits and payments, and stay alert to red flags, especially potentially suspicious transactions where the true beneficial ownership is concealed. A suspicious transaction report should be made to the Joint Financial Intelligence Unit (JFIU) and other authorities (such as the SFC and the Police) when there may be a suspicion of ML or TF.
 1. In 2017, an LC was found to have breached the AML Guidance, AMLO and Code of Conduct for failing to conduct ongoing due diligence and scrutiny on clients' transactions and to identify a large number of frequent and complex, unusual large transactions and unusual patterns of transactions which have no apparent economic or lawful purpose. The LC was reprimanded and fined HK$4.5 million. Similarly, another LC was reprimanded and fined HK$3 million for failing to identify suspicious third-party transactions and perform appropriate customer due diligence. The RO (also being the former managing director) was prohibited from re-entering the industry for 9 months.
 1. In late 2018, an authorised institution (AI) was found to have contravened the AMLO by failing to identify and handle non-compliant wire transfers and implement effective customer due diligence procedures in identifying and verifying the beneficial owners of certain customers before entering into any business relationship with them. The AI was reprimanded and fined HK$12.5 million by the Hong Kong Monetary Authority.
 1. In early 2019, the SFC reprimanded and fined another LC HK$15.2 million, which is by far the highest fine imposed for similar failure, for turning a blind eye to more than 2,200 suspicious third-party deposits totalling over HK$2.3 billion in 14 months. The LC was criticised for not making a timely report to the JFIU despite the suspicious circumstances and failing to put in place any systems or controls regarding customer due diligence of third-party depositors. The RO (also being the former head of retail brokerage) was banned from re-entering the industry for 10 months as a result.
 1. LCs must require clients to designate bank accounts held in their own names or the names of acceptable third parties for the making of all deposits and withdrawals. This facilitates LCs in performing due diligence on the third-party payor or payee and ascertain sources and destinations of the transaction proceeds.
 1. LCs must inform clients in writing of their policies for handling third-party payment arrangements, including policies for rejecting or accepting them under exceptional and legitimate circumstances, requirements to provide supporting documents to ascertain sources of deposits, verification procedures for third-party payor or payee, and the return policy on rejected third-party deposits.
Our observations
The SFC's discouragement on third-party deposits and payments is in no ambiguous terms. LCs are reminded to assess compliance risks with much caution when formulating its policy on third-party deposits and payments. It is clear that the SFC and other regulators are actively investigating into control failures regarding third-party deposit and payment arrangements and will continue to monitor compliance following the Circular.
It should also be noted that the Appendix is not an exhaustive list of the control measures and practices which the SFC expects of LCs. LCs should review their business models and client profiles in order to come up with the most suitable policy.
Individual accountability has been the SFC's focus in recent years. The approach of the SFC in pursuing follow-up actions against the ROs sends a clear message to the market that senior management is to bear responsibility for the firm's compliance with applicable standards and requirements. Whilst recent enforcement decisions against management were all targeted at the relevant ROs, all LCs should have already appointed a MIC for their AML/CTF function since late 2017 and thus the relevant MICs are also reminded of their obligations and the regulator's expectation of them.


text:
Start-up Costs and The Capital Structure of Young Firms
SpeakerGuillaume Vuillemey (HEC Paris)
LocationTinbergen Institute (Gustav Mahlerplein 117), Room 1.01
Date and time
October 16, 2019
12:45 - 14:00
We show that start-up costs are a prime determinant of the capital structure of young firms. First, we document novel facts. While they are in principle more financially constrained, young firms exhibit higher leverage and raise longer-maturity debt than old firms. This holds true both across and within firms. Second, we show theoretically that fixed start-up costs can explain with these facts. Third, we estimate start-up costs at the industry-level and test novel predictions from the model in a large sample of newly-created French firms. Fourth, we use a quasi-natural experiment to study the real implications of start-up costs. Upon a negative shock to banks, there is lower firm creation in industries with higher start-up costs. Thus, we highlight a new source of heterogeneity in the transmission of financial shocks, which can help to explain slow recoveries.


The land of the Dancing Deer
The Moirang C.D. Block come into existence on 04-04-1985 with its Head Quarter at Moirang Khunou about 1.5 Km. from the Kumbi Main Road. it was bifurcated from the erstwhile Bishnupur C.D. Block. It has an area of 269 Sq. Km. with a population of 62, 187 (BPL Survey) inhabiting in 67 villages. The inhabitants are Meitei/Meetei, Muslim, Tribal, Bengali etc. These inhabitants mostly lived on Agriculture and fishing. The Loktak the biggest fresh water lake in the North East Region and Keibul Lamjao International park are situated in this Block and the people of Thanga, Karang and those villages in and around the Loktak lake lived on fishing. There are 12 Gram Panchayats in this Block.
The name and population of the Gram panchayats are as follows :-
Sl. No.
Name of G.Ps
BPL Survey Population.
1. Ngakhalawai 4085
2. Tronglaobi 3297
3. Torbung 3258
4. Kwakta 5604
5. Saiton 4105
6. Moirangkhunou 5818
7. Thanga I 7144
8. Thanga II 6292
9. Kha-Thingngei 5851
10. Wangoo 6724
11. Wangoo Terakhong 4317
Borayangbi 5706
 Total:- 62,187


North east pet owners urged to record cat activity
Cat owners are being asked to record what their pets catch in terms of small animals. Picture: Complimentary
Have your say
PET owners are being urged to record precisely what their cats drag in as part of a pioneering project to record the species of mammals spread across the north east of Scotland.
The bizarre survey has been launched to help in the creation of a Mammal Atlas for Aberdeen, Aberdeenshire, Moray and the Cairngorms National Park.
Cat owners across the area are being asked to record the various animals their beloved felines bring in through the cat flap. And the survey organisers are even planning to host two "Look What the Cat Brought In" events to help moggy owners to identify the various mammals.which have fallen prey to their pets.
A spokeswoman for Aberdeenshire Council explained: "The North East Scotland Biological Records Centre (NESBReC) is compiling the Mammal Atlas for 2015 but is appealing for help from local walkers, pet owners and animal lovers.
"Small mammals are particularly under recorded and taking a note of what the cat catches and takes home is a very useful way of compiling the data."
She added: "A survey by the Mammal Society in 2001 found that the average household cat can catch up to 40 creatures a year. Mice tend to be the most popular mammal prey, followed by voles and shrews. Larger mammals, such as rabbits,weasels, stoats and squirrels were also recorded. Cats can roam up to over half a mile away each night and have a home range of 28 hectares (70 acres).
"Records of the animals that cats have caught could be the only way for NESBReC to get information on mammals in certain areas."
Councillor Isobel Davidson, the chair of Aberdeenshire Council's Education, Learning and Leisure Committee, said:"The Mammal Atlas is an important project for the north-east of Scotland and I am glad to see NESBReC coming up with interesting and engaging ways for people to get involved.
"It might be unpleasant when the cat brings an animal into the house, but now at least it can be a useful indicator of the mammals living in your area."
Glenn Roberts, the NESBReC manager, said: "We really welcome everyone in the North east of Scotland to get involved in the creation of a Mammal Atlas. The most common species are often overlooked, and even if you have never looked at mammals before, it is easy to get involved in recording wildlife and photos are always welcomed."
Pet owners are being asked to record what species their cat dragged in, and where and when they saw it.
The spokeswoman added: "Pictures can be sent to NESBReC even if you are not sure what the mammal is."
NESBReC is a partnership between Aberdeenshire Council, Aberdeen City Council, Scottish Natural Heritage, the University of Aberdeen, the RSPB and Forestry Commission Scotland.
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text:
DKIM "i=" vs "d=" and Reputation
This really should be part seven of a twelve part series or some such as it deals with an aspect of DKIM that's really important, but is way down in the details of implementation. (dkim.org is a reasonable place to start for a general overview of DKIM).
There's an apparently endless thread on the DKIM-SSP spec development mailing list at the moment about the differences between two fields in a DKIM signature that could be used to tie a senders reputation to. Several ESP delivery folks asked me to explain what everyone was talking about, and this post is a first cut at that.
"i=" vs "d="
There are two possible fields in a DKIM signature that could be used to identify the sender of a message, and so to tie a sender history and reputation record to. They are the so-called "i=" and "d=" field, from the syntax used to include them in the signature.
d= is the domain of the entity signing the message. It's the unique identifier for that signer.
As DKIM is domain based, it tells you only that the message was authorized by a given domain, it doesn't tell you who within that domain sent it. One obvious way of passing that information is to use subdomains (billing.example.com vs aardvark.example.com). Another would be to use something like a MySender header – say MySender: _EMAIL_ and have the DKIM signature authenticate that header. That way when you look at the email you see that it is signed by or on behalf of example.com, and that the sender (who is either example.com or somebody they have authorized to send mail on their behalf) is asserting that the author of the message is actually "_EMAIL_" rather than just somebody related to example.com.
The email address in that signed MySender header needn't be the same as any other header, so it may be different to the From, the Reply-To and everything else. It may not be visible to the final recipient at all.
The i= field is almost the same as that MySender header. It's an additional bit of data that the signer of the message (the domain in the d= tag) is asserting to be the identity of the sender of that message. There are a few trivial differences, but that's the gist of it.
Those trivial differences are…
- The domain part of the email address in the i= tag must be the same as or a subdomain of the domain in the d= tag.
- The DKIM public key record associated with a particular domain and selector may (and in practice, probably will if the sender uses i= at all) assert that the domain part of the email address in the i= field must exactly match the domain in the d= field. The value of this is unclear, but it might allow a DKIM verifier to avoid a fair bit of DNS work in some cases.
- The DKIM public key record associated with a particular domain and selector may (but in practice likely never will) assert that you should not consider the signature valid unless the local part of the i= field matches the (wildcarded) string in the g= field of the public key record. In practice I expect this to never be used.
So, summarized, if the d= field is d=example.com and the mail was sent by _EMAIL_ you'd expect the i= field to be one of two things "_EMAIL_" or "_EMAIL_".
"_USER_.com" just means that the person who sent the message is at example.com – in other words it says nothing that's not already said by the "d=example.com" field. In fact, if i= is omitted altogether, this is what you assume it's value is.
"_EMAIL_" means that example.com (or someone they've shared one of their private keys with) is asserting that the sender of the message is "_EMAIL_".
What are they for?
The intended use of i= is the corporate or ISP environment where you may want to DKIM sign mail from users, or allow users (or entire divisions or offices) to DKIM sign mail, but also provide some basic level of enforcement that marketing can't sign mails claiming to be from sales and vice-versa in a corporate environment.
In a consumer ISP environment, it would be possible for earthlink.net to create a DKIM private/public key pair and give the private key to _EMAIL_, to allow him to sign his own email with the d=earthlink.net domain, but require him to put "_EMAIL_" in each message, and have DKIM verifiers refuse to verify the message if he omits the i= field, or puts _EMAIL_ there instead.
I don't expect anyone to use i= much at all, and there's no obvious, sensible use case for it in the context of ESPs or other bulk senders at all. That doesn't mean that ESPs may not use it (to stash a unique customer identifier in, say) but there's no clear use case for recipients to pay much attention to it in reputation terms, so not much drives the ESP to make serious use of it.
If the message is signed by the ESP (d=esp.com) then the ESPs reputation is the one that'll be used to judge the message. If the message is signed by (or, more likely, on behalf of) the customer (d=bricknmortar.com) then the reputation of the customer is the one that'll be used. Even if, in the former case, the message is signed with "_EMAIL_ d=esp.com" I'd be amazed if any mechanical reputation system treated that particularly differently to just "d=esp.com". That all may change as DKIM gets more widely deployed and people get more comfortable with the semantics, but I think it can safely be ignored for the next year or two.
I expect most smarter ESP customers to push for using their own domain for signing, probably by delegating a subdomain to the ESP, rather than signing with the ESPs domain. This gives them the advantage of their own reputation, mostly unaffected by the reputations of other customers of the ESP and which can be transferred from one ESP to another.
I'm not sure which approach the ESPs will push their customers to use, as there are conflicting business pressures. A reputation tied to the customer rather than the ESP reduces the impact of customers reputations on each other – similar to the advantages of one IP to a customer, but more so. But it also makes it easier for a customer to take their business elsewhere without sacrificing the reputation they've built.


Writing:Ballot measure overview articles
From Ballotpedia
Revision as of 17:06, 12 June 2013 by JWilliams (Talk | contribs)
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Clipboard48.png This ballot measure article needs to be updated.
So far, Ballotpedia has three types of overview articles about ballot propositions:
 - One year/one state overview articles like: Ohio 2008 ballot measures. These articles are an overview of the ballot measures in one state in one year.
 - One year/all states overview articles like: 2008 ballot measures. These articles are an overview of all the ballot measures in all states in one year.
 - One topic/all years/all states articles like: Alcohol ballot measures. These articles are an overview of ballot measures in any year and in any state that are related to a particular theme or topic.
One year/one state overviews
A one year/one state overview should include:
 - An introductory sentence or two that quickly gives the reader the basic facts. For example, "Three ballot measures were on the November 4, 2008 ballot in Massachusetts. Two succeeded, one failed."
 - A chart that shows all the ballot measures that were on the ballot in that state, that year.
 - You might consider a second chart that shows the ballot measures that tried, but did not succeed, at making the ballot. Doing this creates an important historical record. For example, it is historically important to know which ballot initiatives filed signatures but did not make the 2008 ballot in Arizona.
 - External links, such as links to any voter's guides compiled about the ballot measures, links to relevant election department information about the ballot measures, and so on.
 - It is also helpful to include a section that tells the reader how this year's ballot measures in this state fit into the overall picture of ballot measures in that state. Here's an example of that.
Future election
If you're working on a list of ballot measures for a state and year where the election has not yet been held--for example, Maine 2009 ballot measures -- for highly reliable research about what might be on the ballot in that state and in that year, go to State ballot measure websites to find a link to the election authority in the state you're working on that captures that information.
However, you'll sometimes run across a situation where a newspaper talks about a forthcoming or potential ballot initiative that hasn't been listed on an official government website. This can happen when:
 - A state legislature is debating about and voting on whether to refer a particular question to the ballot. Not until both houses of the state legislature have agreed to do this, and the governor has signed it, will this ballot measure ordinarily appear anywhere on an official election website in that state. But, it would still be worthwhile to start writing an article about it.
 - An organization or individiual has announced that they're thinking about collecting signatures for such-and-such a ballot initiative. This can also be worth starting an article about.
Past election
If the election has already been held, it's much easier to do your research.
 1. Go to state ballot measure websites for the elections website for your state. In some states, the election department has a list of all initiatives that have ever been on that state's ballot. (Wyoming and Washington, for example.) In most states, the election department does not provide a list of all the ballot propositions that have ever been on that state's ballot, but does provide information for the years since the election department started posting election information online. That can go back to 1998 or 2000 or 2002...it depends on the state.
 2. The Initiative & Referendum Institute publishes a list for each of the 24 states that have initiative & referendum of their ballot initiatives from the time the process was begun in that state, up through the year 2000. This list, however, generally does not include other statewide ballot propositions, such as veto referendum or legislative referrals.
 3. Project Vote Smart. This site has information about ballot measures back to 1998.
 4. Try to find a copy of your state's Blue Book; it might have information about all ballot measures (not just initiatives) going back in history.
Information to capture
What you'll want to know about any ballot measure is:
 1. What was it called? Here, you want at a minimum its official ballot proposition name or number.
 2. Did the ballot question have a nickname or a name by which it was popularly known?
 3. What day, month and year was it on the ballot. (Several states hold ballot proposition elections in months other than November).
 4. Type of ballot measure. Was it proposed by the legislature? Proposed through initiative? Or other? If it passes, would it be a new constitutional amendment or a statute?
 5. Subject of the ballot measure. For example: Administration of Government, Taxes or Judicial reform.
 6. Description: This is an 8-10 word description. Keep it short while not misstating the purpose or intention of the measure.
 7. Status: Some possibilities here are "Legislature considering", "Petition drive underway", "Ballot language filed", "Signatures filed, awaiting certification", "Certified for ballot", "Lawsuit pending", "Withdrawn", "Insufficient signatures", "State house approved, senate rejected."
 8. Outcome. Was the measure defeated or approved?
Preferred format for chart
Here's an example of a chart that shows the preferred format for a state/year article where the election has taken place. If the election had not yet taken place, the fifth column would be titled "Status" rather than "Outcome".
Type Title Subject Description Result
CISS Income Tax Repeal, Question 1 Taxes Repeal state income tax Defeatedd
CISS Sensible Marijuana Initiative, Question 2 Marijuana policy Decriminalize small amounts of marijuana Approveda
CISS Greyhound Protection, Question 3 Animal rights Prohibit (professional) dog racing Approveda
Chart style guide
Main article: Ballotpedia:Visual style guide
Ballot measure charts should be standardized to look like the one in the section just above. Here are some hints for how to do that:
State template
For every state, there is a state template. It is always just the name of the state surrounded on both sides by two curly brackets, or braces, like this:
 - {{alaska}}
 - {{alabama}}
 - {{arkansas}}
 - Etc.
Your one state/one year overview article should include that state's template at the bottom of the page. Here's an example. You apply the template by typing it on the part of the page where you wish it to appear.
Categorizing the article
It's important to put the right category tag at the end of your article. The established categorization procedure for one year/one state ballot measure overview articles is to put them in a category that looks like this:
 - [[Category:Alaska 2008 ballot measures]]
 - [[Category:Connecticut 2002 ballot measures]]
 - [[Category:Massachusetts 1998 ballot measures]]
 - [[Category:California 1914 ballot measures]]
 - Etc.
One year/all states
See also: Ballotpedia:WikiProject State Ballot Measures/Years
These articles are an overview of all the ballot measures in all states in one year. Here are some examples:
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What is the frequency and duration of use that you recommend for vibration during therapy?
This will vary according to each person's sensory preferences. Some individuals may not be able to tolerate a lot of stimulation, while others may crave it. Either way, I always recommend introducing the Z-Vibe slowly (at least until they are comfortable with it). Use it without vibration first. Then turn it on, show it to the individual, and let him/her feel the vibration in the hands and on the arms, slowly working towards acceptance into the mouth.
Once you're in the mouth, the length of time will vary depending upon what your goals are. When working on tongue tip elevation, for example, I use the Z-Vibe with the Probe Tip or Mini Tip to touch alveolar ridge (just behind the upper front teeth). I apply gentle pressure, then lean back and wait for a response. If the tongue doesn't elevate, I'll repeat the exercise again (if the individual allows). I'll do that one more time and wait for elevation. Sometimes this simple tactile cue is all that's necessary to trigger elevation. If the tongue tip doesn't elevate, then I'll move on to another goal for the time being, then repeat the Probe/Mini Tip exercise. If there still isn't a response, I'll continue again with feeding or sound production and repeat the exercise above a little later. So, the duration that I'm using the Z-Vibe is quite short for this exercise.
The same would apply for stroking the sides of the tongue for lateralization, applying pressure on the back of the tongue to assist elevation, applying pressure mid-tongue for a tongue bowl, etc. With the Animal Tips I can be in the mouth longer, perhaps up to 30 seconds at a time having the child close their lips around the animal's face, explore the bumps and ridges with their tongue, bite the blocks on the back of the tip for jaw grading practice, and so forth. Then I'll remove from the mouth to work on babbling, sound production, or feeding.
As a general rule: provide stimulation, monitor the response, and adjust accordingly. If at any point the individual shows signs of refusal (grimacing, pushing the tool away, turning his head, etc.), discontinue oral motor therapy at that point before the individual rejections stimulation. You can use it again in the next session, starting just below the point of rejection and ending before it occurs. Work on individualized progress and remember that frequent exercises throughout the day are more important than the amount of exercises completed in any one session.
All my best,
Debra C. Lowsky, MS, CCC-SLP


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Chemicals found in apples, oranges and onions could prevent blood clots, claim scientists.
believe that rutin - also present in black and green tea - could be
used in future treatments to protect against heart attacks and strokes. Harvard
researchers found that the chemical helped block a potentially
dangerous enzyme involved in the formation of blood clots.This enzyme - called protein disulfide isomerase - is released very quickly when blood clots form in the arteries and veins.
researchers tested the ability of 500 different chemicals -including
rutinto block PDI using scientific models on computers. They found that rutin was by far the most effective. The
scientists - whose paper is published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation - discovered that it could protect blood clots that occur
in both the arteries and veins.
Source - Daily Mail


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The Experience Map allows you to see your work through the eyes of the people receiving, benefitting or even funding it. It lays out the different routes and points at which these people become aware of, connect with, and feel about what you do – especially at the points when they come directly into contact with your work. Identifying these junctures, and highlighting the interactions, helps you reflect on how you engage with these people and take your work further.
The worksheet provided here shows how you can quickly define the points which determine different people's perception of what you do – as well as the problems and opportunities each of these moments represent. A completed Experience Map is a way to condense complex information into a format more easily understood through highlighting the key points of your offering.


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We have investigated the influence of oxygen pressure on the plasma anodization of silicon. The observed variation of the oxide growth rate with oxygen pressure can be accounted for by two effects. Firstly, the increase in the number of oxygen ions increases the growth rate but at higher pressures the interaction between the oxygen species themselves causes fewer oxygen ions to reach the target and hence the rate decreases. Secondly, the target area decreases with increasing gas pressure, leading to a lower growth rate. It was found that the electrical properties of the SiO2 films prepared in this study also depended on the oxygen pressure. The most useful value of the dielectric constant for good anodic SiO2 films with a low density of trapped charge was found to be 3.7.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
- Surfaces and Interfaces
- Surfaces, Coatings and Films
- Metals and Alloys
- Materials Chemistry


Training Health Workers in Therapy Leads to Improvements and Less Medication Use
A Nigerian study finds that more than three-quarters of patients improved, even when only 13% were prescribed medication.
Peter Simons
A study that compared two types of mental health interventions for depression in Nigeria found high rates of improvement, including a group that used fewer medication treatments. More than three-quarters of the patients in both groups experienced full remission of depression.
The research was led by Oye Gureje at the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. It was published in The Lancet Global Health. An accompanying commentary was written by Bolanle Adeyemi Ola and Olayinka Atilola at Lagos State University, Nigeria.
"These findings provide further evidence that task-shifted interventions for depression delivered by lay health workers are effective, irrespective of the adopted model," according to Ola and Atilola.
The study compared two types of training for first-line medical providers in Nigeria. The providers are considered lay health workers. In Nigeria, there are very few doctors, so first-line medical providers typically have 2-3 years of postsecondary education.
In the study, both groups of providers received training in depression treatment, including "psychoeducation and counseling to address stressors and activate social networks, and pharmacotherapy when necessary." However, one group (the "intervention" group) also received specific training in how to administer behavioral activation and problem-solving therapy—two forms of psychotherapy that follow a manualized structure and are considered to be "evidence-based" for the treatment of depression.
The researchers found that the providers who received the specific training in psychotherapy were less likely to prescribe medications—only 13% of their depressed patients received medication, compared to 32% of the patients in the other group.
Despite being prescribed less than half as many antidepressants, patients in the intervention group did just as well. The follow-up tests were done 12 months after the study, and the researchers found that 76% of those in the intervention group, and 77% of those in the control group, had experienced "remission" of depression. This means that they scored ≤ 6 on the PHQ-9, a huge improvement from the original average score of 13.7.
According to the commentary authors, critics of global mental health services have raised concerns about exporting a neocolonial model based on Western cultural mores around mental health, which might result in overdiagnosis and overuse of medication, rather than culturally sensitive approaches that value other approaches to mental health.
The authors believe that this study demonstrated that training providers in evidence-based psychotherapy approaches may reduce the reliance on unneeded medications.
"Incorporation of and availability of skills in an evidence-based, culturally appropriate, and intensive psychological treatment could potentially reduce the need for and prescription of antidepressants in primary-care settings without compromising effectiveness."
Commentary: Ola, B. A., & Atilola, O. (2019). Task-shifted interventions for depression delivered by lay primary health-care workers in low-income and middle-income countries. The Lancet Global Health, 7(7), PE829-E830. (Link)
Article: Gureje, O., Oladeji, B. D., Montgomery, A. A., Bello, T., Kola, L., Ojagbemi, A.,... Araya, R. (2019). Effect of a stepped-care intervention delivered by lay health workers on major depressive disorder among primary care patients in Nigeria (STEPCARE): a cluster-randomized controlled trial. The Lancet Global Health, 7(7), e951–60. S2214-109X(19)30148-2 (Link)
 1. "Incorporation of and availability of skills in an evidence-based, culturally appropriate could potentially reduce the need for and prescription of antidepressants in primary-care settings without compromising effectiveness."
 Actually, the psychological industries have NO "culturally appropriate, and intensive psychological treatments" that "reduce the need for and prescription of antidepressants in primary-care settings," in any country. And that is the opposite of their goal, since all the psychologists are DSM psychiatric "bible" code billing believers.
 Which is why a woman can not walk into a well respected Western hospital today, for a totally different concern, and not be confronted by a lunatic "Dr. Paine," with a prescription pad in hand, and be asked, "Are you depressed?"
 Most the Western doctors, including most the psychologists and psychiatrists, who only care about getting as many people as possible onto the ADHD drugs and antidepressants, because those drug classes create the "bipolar" symptoms, which is very profitable for them.
 And the antipsychotics, which are given to those millions of "bipolar" misdiagnosed, which are the "schizophrenia" drugs. Will, indeed, create both the negative and positive symptoms of "schizophrenia." The negative symptoms of "schizophrenia" are created via neuroleptic induced deficit syndrome. And the positive symptoms of "schizophrenia," like "psychosis" and "hallucinations," are created via antidepressant and/or antipsychotic induced anticholinergic toxidrome.
 The doctors don't want to stop all this massive drugging of the Western children, because "it's too profitable," according to a Lutheran pediatrician.
 But the reality is, none of the Western doctors, nor any of the psychologists nor psychiatrists, are out to help anyone, other than themselves, in any country. Almost all the Western doctors, particularly the "mental health" workers, want to create "mental illnesses," in people for profit, worldwide. Which is sick.


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THERE is little doubt that Greg Ray was on the money when referring to changes in the way we now undertake our banking (''Play with funny money'', Herald 4/12).
ATMs, eftpos and internet banking are rapidly becoming a preferred method to access and transfer funds.
However, while the way we access our money is changing, those fundamental principles of saving and financial literacy will always remain.
Maitland Mutual Building Society continues to play a role in educating the region's primary school children about these principles through the Bank@School program.
Today, students from 13 schools across Newcastle and the Hunter participate in the program, which teaches them about banking and encourages them to make regular savings deposits into their Mutual account from the convenience of their school.
And yes, we still provide children with a piggy bank to help with their savings at home.
The program has been running for more than eight years. With access to our funds being more convenient than ever, programs such as these remain as relevant and important for our children today as they were when introduced.


Key Commands
 - Zule
He was born in Ljubljana, Slovenia (1985)... his music journey started when he was about 15 years old when he first heard his fathers CD Medicine Woman and Medwyn Goodall. Afro-tribalistic sounds and the naturalistic atmospheres just impressed him. He discovered the music programs which were available then and he started writing music. The presence of natural instruments were always there. African tribes and their special ceremony chant singing, playing their special instruments out there deep in the jungle and natural melodies are the things he loves. But thats not all in his large music aspect. He also produce music based on slow deep funk house club sounds. He is known for his special natural sound.


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Thursday, July 1, 2010
Thornhill Relatives at the Alamo
Edna (Edney?) Thornhill, born in Virginia circa 1769, the middle daughter of three girls of William (1735–1788) and Sarah Thornhill (1740–Sept 1802), married widower Henry Dearduff (Deardorf) in September of 1802. It was Henry's and Edna's son William, born c1811, who was killed at the Alamo along with his brother-in-law, James George, husband to Elizabeth Dearduff. William was probably named after his grandfather William Thornhill, and had followed his sister and her husband to south Texas. There the two men joined DeWitt's Rangers to go to the aid of the men at the Alamo. To me, the fact that their small unit of 32 men under the command of a Major Williamson chose almost certain death as they marched past the Mexican army of possibly 7,000 men to join about 150 Texians already inside the Alamo. That's courage way beyond the call of duty.
You can get a more detailed account of the Dearduff and George families before and after the battle at these links:
DeWitt's Colony, DeWitt's Rangers: _URL_
William Dearduff: _URL_
Elizabeth and James George: _URL_


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We present a UML 1.5 profile named TURTLE (Timed UML and RT-LOTOS Environment) endowed with a formal semantics given in terms of RT-LOTOS. TURTLE relies on UML's extensibility mechanisms to enhance class and activity diagrams. Class diagrams are extended with specialized classes named Tclasses, which communicate and synchronize through gates. Also, associations between Tclasses are attributed by a composition operator (Parallel, Synchro, Invocation, Sequence, or Preemption) which provides them with a formal semantics. TURTLE extends UML activity diagrams with synchronization actions and temporal operators (deterministic delay, nondeterministic delay, time-limited offer, and time-capture). The real-time dimension of TURTLE has been further improved by the addition of two composition operators, periodic and suspend, as well as suspendable delay, latency, and time-limited offer operators at the activity diagram level. Core characteristics of TURLE are supported by TTool - the TURTLE toolkit - which includes a diagram editor, a RT-LOTOS code generator and a result analyzer. The toolkit reuses RTL, a RT-LOTOS validation tool offering debug-oriented simulation and exhaustive analysis. TTool hides RT-LOTOS to the end-user and allows him/her to directly check TURTLE modeling against logical errors and timing inconsistencies. Besides the foundations of the TURTLE profile, this paper also discusses its application in the context of space-based embedded software.


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LIB recycling sees metallurgical and mechanical processes used separately, or in combination, to recover valuable metals and materials from end of life and production scrap LIBs. Concerns regarding the efficiency of processing and the need to sustainably dispose and recover potentially hazardous materials sets the stage for huge LIB recycling opportunities.
The Neometals LIB recycling process targets the predominant LIB chemistries, with LCO (lithium cobalt oxide) and NMC/NCA (nickel manganese cobalt/nickel cobalt aluminium) cathode batteries targeted from electric vehicles, energy storage systems and from consumer electronics.
While the use of LIB anode materials generally remains constant, cathode compositions tend to differ based on end use application and performance requirements. The key minerals targeted for recovery by Neometals are as follows:
- Graphite; and
Plastics, aluminium foil (the cathode substrate) and copper foil (the anode substrate) are separated early. The balance of materials are recovered and refined into industrial and high purity chemicals for sale, where possible, directly back into the LIB supply chain.


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Healing the Hand that Feeds you: Exploring Solutions for Dog and Community Health and Welfare in Australian Indigenous Cultures
The overpopulation and poor state of dog health in many rural and remote Australian Indigenous communities (RRAIC) affects not only animal welfare but human social welfare. Dogs are an integral part of Australian Indigenous cultures and impact on human health and welfare through zoonotic diseases, and mental health concerns such as worry and shame about pet health, and sleep deprivation from incessant dog fights. This study investigates the factors that contribute to poor animal and community health and welfare in RRAIC, focusing on four main factors: community awareness of dog health and welfare issues, knowledge of the solutions, motivation to access the solutions, and the accessibility of the solutions. Semi structured interviews with local indigenous and non-indigenous residents in four RRAIC were conducted to explore these factors. This qualitative data was then linked to quantitative dog health and welfare data to compare community and scientific perspectives. The following results were observed: - Knowledge of animal health and welfare issues was high, but restricted to the issues that are empirically evident. There was some to little knowledge of less apparent zoonotic risks. - Knowledge of the solutions was variable depending on the veterinary history of the community. - Motivation to improve dog health and welfare was uniformly high. - Accessibility to the solutions was poor when taking into account the remoteness of the communities, cross-cultural differences, the cost of veterinary services and its low priority in health and governance circles, the frequency and duration of vet visits, and the residents' mobile lifestyle. Improving animal welfare in RRAIC requires a multifaceted approach involving raising more comprehensive public awareness of the major issues and their possible solutions though appropriate community education, as well as improving accessibility of veterinary services at the local level.


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Fouling in hydroprocessing heat exchangers and furnaces can differ depending on which streams are processed, the quality of the stream (straight run or cracked feed stock – or a combination of both), unit design and operation, and location. When processing lighter streams such as naphtha and diesel, the foulant materials that occur at the feed heat exchangers and furnace may be a combination of polymeric and inorganic deposition. In the case of processing heavier gas oil cuts and resid streams, the foulant material may be some combination of polynuclear aromatic compounds, asphaltenes and inorganic material, depending on the stream.
Nalco Water research teams have developed technologies and approaches to investigate the causes of the fouling, monitor the degree of the fouling and identify the chemistries needed to minimise the chemical reactions that are causing fouling to occur. The Nalco Water Longrun™ programme combines our technologies and strategies to optimise your approach and quantify your successful treatment.
2019 Q1 PTQ magazine
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Question: What Does The Word Boycott Most Likely Mean?
What was Boycott Class 10?
Boycott is an act of refusal to buy, use or participate.
Here, Indians boycotted British goods in order to protest against the British rule..
What is a meaning of the word boycott?
What does the word boycott mean in a sentence?
verb (used with object) to combine in abstaining from, or preventing dealings with, as a means of intimidation or coercion: to boycott a store. to abstain from buying or using: to boycott foreign products.
What is a synonym and antonym for boycott?
ˈbɔɪˌkɑːt) Refuse to sponsor; refuse to do business with. Synonyms. ostracize ostracise. Antonyms. patronize patronise confront.
Where did the word boycott come from?
The word boycott entered the English language during the Irish "Land War" and derives from Captain Charles Boycott, the land agent of an absentee landlord, Lord Erne, who lived in Lough Mask House, near Ballinrobe in County Mayo, Ireland, who was subject to social ostracism organized by the Irish Land League in 1880.