Take the 2-minute tour ×
The only way I know how to verify something as an exact differential is when it is in the form $P(x,y) dx + Q(x,y) dy$. The book's definition states that such a differential is exact if there exists a function $g(x,y)$ such that $\frac{\partial g}{\partial x} = P$ and $\frac{\partial g}{\partial y} = Q$.
That's all well and good, but I'm not sure how to express $\cos{z}$ $dz$ in the form $P(x,y) dx + Q(x,y) dy$.
Considering $z=x+iy$ and $cos{z} = \frac{1}{2}(e^{iz}+e^{-iz})$, I know that that $cos{z} = \frac{1}{2}(e^{-y+ix}+e^{y-ix})$, but I'm not sure how $dx$ and $dy$ fit in here or what the rules are for getting them from $dz$. Or even if that question makes sense. Should I even be trying to express $cos{z}$ $dz$ in the form $P(x,y) dx + Q(x,y) dy$?
Please help?
share|improve this question
I think you might be misunderstanding a concept and it is hard to interpret your question. Please elaborate because $cos(z)dz$ is not in the form $P(x,y)dx + Q(x,y)dy$. To be exact we must have ${P_y} = {Q_x}$. – glebovg Oct 31 '12 at 23:01
1 Answer 1
up vote 3 down vote accepted
The complex differential $\cos z \, dz$ is exact if there is a function $f$ such that $df = \cos z \, dz$, i.e., an analytic function $f(z)$ with $f'(z) = \cos z$. Now you know (I hope) that $f(z) = \sin z$ does the job, so it is exact. You can actually spell out everything in terms of real and imaginary parts, and use $dz = dx + i \, dy$ to make it fit into the template for real forms, but I would not do it unless you have to.
share|improve this answer
That makes far more sense. Thank you. – Arthur Skirvin Nov 1 '12 at 0:16
Your Answer


text: Classification of a member in a dimension is known as an attribute. We can do selection of group members based on their associated attributes. We can also specify an attribute while performing calculations and along with we can use calculation functions. As example, the db in Sample Basic with product dimension has some attributes like package type, size, and flavor. We can add attributes to the dimensions and can retrieve data. For example, to retrieve "coke with 8 Oz with bottles".

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Here are three examples of standard upright marble VA military grave markers that you might find in national or private cemeteries. These measure approximately 42″ x 13″ x 3″. Some of the newer ones are made of granite. Many have an optional religious symbol at the top of the marker (like the cross in the example at right). For a list of these see the Veterans Affairs website: Emblems of Belief on Government Headstones and Markers.
The two examples below are for pre-World War I grave markers. On the left is the headstone for the infamous cannibal, Alfred Packer, who was a Union Civil War veteran. On the right is one for a Spanish American War veteran. Note the way the name and regiment are enclosed in a shield on both of these markers – this was used for Union Civil War and Spanish American War soldiers. Some Confederate Civil War veterans have a symbol of the Southern Cross of Honor on their grave markers.
Photos: Alfred Packer's grave marker is from Littleton Cemetery, Littleton, Colorado; the other two are from Fort Logan National Cemetery, Denver, Colorado.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Recorded management for locations with Oedothorax agrestis
Spiders and management for invertebratesArachnids, insects and other invertebrate groups play a vital role in ecological systems and the importance of invertebrates is increasingly being recognised in nature conservation and management. The complex structural mosaic of a habitat and its diversity are very important to many invertebrates. Spiders are no exception, although their general lack of prey specialism means that floral and faunal diversity is unlikely to be as important as the structural spaces presented by the ground topography and vegetation, affecting features such as microclimate and web construction. These are the very factors likely to be most influenced by different management regimes, and spiders should therefore be valuable indicators on the success or otherwise of such management and the health of the countryside.
Management in place
Management Data (based on 46 records with management information)
Grazing Data (based on 42 records with grazing information)
Management Frequency Data (based on 14 records with management frequency information)


text:
Abstract : Although time consuming, Monte-Carlo simulations remain an efficient tool enabling to assess correction methods for degrading physical effects in medical imaging.
We have optimized and validated a reconstruction method baptized F3DMC (Fully 3D Monte Carlo) in which the physical effects degrading the image formation process were modelled using Monte-Carlo methods and integrated within the system matrix. We used the Monte-Carlo simulation toolbox GATE. We validated GATE in SPECT by modelling the gamma-camera (Philips AXIS) used in clinical routine. Techniques of threshold, filtering by a principal component analysis and targeted reconstruction (functional regions, hybrid regions) were used in order to improve the precision of the system matrix and to reduce the number of simulated photons as well as the time consumption required. The EGEE Grid infrastructures were used to deploy the GATE simulations in order to reduce their computation time. Results obtained with F3DMC were compared with the reconstruction methods (FBP, ML-EM, ML-EMC) for a simulated phantom and with the OSEM-C method for the real phantom. Results have shown that the F3DMC method and its variants improve the restoration of activity ratios and the signal to noise ratio. By the use of the grid EGEE, a significant speed-up factor of about 300 was obtained. These results should be confirmed by performing studies on complex phantoms and patients and open the door to a unified reconstruction method, which could be used in SPECT and also in PET.


text:
This online course creates awareness for aquatic professionals on heat stresses that can occur in the workplace, including what these stresses are, how to identify them, how they can affect a worker's health and safety, and how heat stress conditions can best be prevented.
Heat Stress training focuses on the following objectives, while the online format allows students to learn at their own pace:
- Identify heat stress hazards that can exist on the job
- Identify the nature, symptoms, and treatment of heat stress
- Recognize the precautions for protecting against heat stress
Successful completion of this 30-minute online course earns a Record of Completion. IACET CEUs are not available for this course.


text:
Pipe-It History Matching allows you to minimize the difference between data and calculation while running the reservoir model and the well test conversion programs in sync.
Pipe-It can be used as a history matching and optimization tool for any commercial or in-house reservoir simulator. Some examples:
- ECL 100 and ECL 300 (Schlumberger)
- GEM, IMEX, and STARS (CMG)
- tNavigator (RockFlowDynamics)
- SENSOR (Coats Engineering)
- Psim (ConocoPhillips)
- GigaPowers (Saudi Aramco)
Flexible definition of history matching objectives:
- Match observed production rates, pressures, GOR, water cut, cumulative production, etc.
- Use any input model parameter as a history matching variable.
- Fully customizable.
- Any weighting scheme on observed data.
This solution integrates the reservoir models and does the necessary well test rate conversions.


Introducing Spring Integration
In this article we introduce Spring Integration. If you have not worked with Spring Integration before, it might help to brush up on Enterprise Integration Patterns by Gregor Hohpe. Also I will recommend this excellent introductory article by Josh Long.
Context setting
In a nutshell, Enterprise Integration Patterns is all about how to get two application (possibly on different technology stacks, different machines, different networks) talk to each other, in order to provide a single business functionality. The challenge is how to ensure that this communication remains transparent to business user, yet reliable and easy for applications. Messaging is one of the patterns. Using this pattern applications can talk to each other frequently, immediately, reliably, and asynchronously, using customizable formats. Applications talk to each other by sending data (called Messages) over virtual pipes (called Channels). This is overly simplistic introduction to the concept, but hopefully enough to make sense of the rest of the article.
Spring Integration is not an implementation of any of the patterns, but it supports these patterns, primarily Messaging.
The rest of this article is pretty hands on and is an extension of the series on Spring 3. The earlier articles of this series were:
 1. Hello World with Spring 3 MVC
 2. Handling Forms with Spring 3 MVC
 3. Unit testing and Logging with Spring 3
 4. Handling Form Validation with Spring 3 MVC
Without further ado, let's get started.
Bare bones Spring Integration example
At the time of writing this article the latest version of Spring is 3.1.2.RELEASE. However, the latest version of Spring Integration is 2.1.3.RELEASE, as found in Maven Central. I was slightly - and in retrospect, illogically - taken aback that the Spring and Spring Integration should have different latest versions, but, hey that's how it is. This means our pom.xml should have an addition now (if you are wondering where did that come from you need to follow through, at least on a very high level, the Spring 3 series that I have mentioned earlier in the article).
File: /pom.xml

This one dependency in the pom, now allows my application to send message over channels. Notice that now we are referring to message and channels in the realm of Spring Integration, which is not necessarily exactly same as the same concepts referred earlier in this article in the realm of Enterprise Integration Patterns. It is probably worth having a quick look at the Spring Integration Reference Manual at this point. However, if you are just getting started with Spring Integration, you are perhaps better off following this article for the moment. I would recommend you get your hands dirty before returning to reference manual, which is very good but also very exhaustive and hence could be overwhelming for a beginner.
To keep things simple, and since I generally try to do test first approach (wherever possible), let us try and write some unit tests to create message, send it over a channel and then receive it. I have blogged here about how to use JUnit and Logback in Spring 3 applications. Continuing with the same principle, assuming that we are going to write a, let's set up the Spring configuration for the test.
File: \src\test\resources\org\academy\integration\HelloWorldTest-context.xml

So, what did we just do? We have asked Spring Integration to create a "inputChannel" to send messages to. A "outputChannel" to read messages from. We have also configured for all messages on "inputChannel" to be handed over to a "helloService". This "helloService" is an instance of class, which should be equipped to do something to the message. After that we have also configured that the output of the "helloService" i.e. the modified message in this case to be handed over to the "outputChannel". Simple, isn't it? Frankly, when I had a worked with Spring Integration a few years ago for the first time, I found this all a bit confusing. It does not make much sense to me till I see this working. So, let's keep going. Let's add our business critical HelloWorld class.
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
public class HelloWorld {
 private final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory
 public String greet(String name){
 logger.debug("Greeting {}", name);
 return "Hello " + name;
As, you can see, given a "name" it return "Hello {name}". Now, let's add the unit test to actually put this in action.
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.integration.MessageChannel;
import org.springframework.integration.core.PollableChannel;
import org.springframework.integration.message.GenericMessage;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
public class HelloWorldTest {
 private final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory
 MessageChannel inputChannel;
 PollableChannel outputChannel;
 public void test() {
 inputChannel.send(new GenericMessage("World"));
 assertEquals(outputChannel.receive().getPayload(), "Hello World");
 logger.debug("Checked basic Hello World with Spring Integration");
Although not mandatory, I find it easier to use the following logback setting. Feel free to use it, if you fancy.
File: /src/main/resources/logback.xml

That's it for this article. In the next article, we will see how to insulate the application code from the Spring Integration specific code that we have in our current JUnit test i.e. inputChannel.send(...) etc. Till then, happy coding.
Suggested further reading...
Here are the links to earlier articles in this series:
 1. Hello World with Spring 3 MVC
 2. Handling Forms with Spring 3 MVC
 3. Unit testing and Logging with Spring 3
 4. Handling Form Validation with Spring 3 MVC
No comments:


_USER_{Kasimov Sherzod Abduzairovich_Turaev Khayit Khudainazarovich_Djalilov Abdulakhat Turapovich_2021, title={IR SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF SULFURAND PHOSPHORIC-CONTAINING IMMOBILIZED LIGAND}, volume={9}, url={_URL_ abstractNote={
The article studies the IR spectrum of a covalent immobilized ligand based on in situ covalent attachment by O, O-di- (2-aminoethyl) -dithiophosphate potassium on a urea-formaldehyde matrix. As a result of the carried out IR spectroscopic studies, the structures of the ligand and its coordination compound with copper (II) were determined.
}, number={9}, journal={Galaxy International Interdisciplinary Research Journal}, author={Kasimov Sherzod Abduzairovich and Turaev Khayit Khudainazarovich and Djalilov Abdulakhat Turapovich}, year={2021}, month={Sep.}, pages={44–48} }


Icelandic: tungl = moon [what is the etymology?]
Discussion in 'Nordic Languages' started by matakoweg, Nov 11, 2013.
 1. matakoweg Senior Member
 I just learned that moon is tungl in Icelandic while the mainland scandinavian languages have words related to moon: Danish måne.
 I was wondering where the Icelandic word come from.
 2. NoMoreMrIceGuy Senior Member
 Well, it's also máni. Google 'tungl' and 'wiktionary'. Tungl is from Proto-Germanic and has simply not survived in the other languages.
 3. Lugubert Senior Member
 You can find tungel in Swedish poetry or dialects, but it is almost extinct.
Share This Page


text: This study is to develop a micromachining technology for a light guide panel(LGP) mold, whereby micro dot patterns are formed on a LGP surface by a single injection process instead of existing screen printing processes. The micro powder blasting technique is applied to form micro dot patterns on the LGP mold surface. The optimal conditions for masking, laminating, exposure, and developing processes to form the micro dot patterns are first experimentally investigated. A LGP mold with masked micro patterns is then machined using the micro powder blasting method and the machinability of the micro dot patterns is verified. A prototype LGP is test-injected using the developed LGP mold and a shape analysis of the patterns and performance testing of the injected LGP are carried out. As an additional approach, matte finishing, a special surface treatment method, is applied to the mold surface to improve the light diffusion characteristics, uniformity and brightness of the LGP. The results of this study show that the applied powder blasting method can be successfully used to manufacture LGPs with micro patterns by just single injection using the developed mold and thereby replace existing screen printing methods.


Jaap's Puzzle Page
Farmland Gear
Farmland Gear Plow Deep Farmland Gear Big Crop Farmland Gear Hay Ride Farmland Gear Feed Lots
Farmland Gears are fairly simple puzzles which consist of two overlapping circular disks, reminiscent of other circle puzzles such as Turnstile, Rashkey, but especially Circle Puzzle because of its 4-fold symmetry. In common with the latter each disk has four pieces around the outside, one of which is shared with the other disk. What makes these puzzles so special is that they have several smaller wheels inside the disks' centres. Turning one disk will also rotate any inner wheel of the other disk that it touches.
These puzzles were invented by Douglas A. Engel, who also invented various other puzzles such as:
The number of positions:
The two centres each have 4 orientations. For a given centre orientation, the 7 main pieces can be rearranged by any even permutation, thus we have 42·7!/2 = 40,320 positions excluding the internal wheels.
There are 3 types of internal wheels these puzzles may have. A small wheel (8 teeth) only has 2 states, normal or reversed, and turning one of these wheels will also affect one of the other internal wheels. A large wheel (11 teeth) can have any of the 11 orientations, and can be twisted in isolation. The'mulcher', which has two small overlapping disks with 5 pieces of 2 colours, can have 5!/(3!2!) = 10 positions. It can also be moved without affecting anything else.
The table below shows the four different variants.
Name Small wheels Large wheels Mulcher Positions calculation Result
Plow Deep 1 1 1 40320 · 2 · 11 · 10 8,870,400
Big Crop 2 2 0 40320 · 22 · 112 19,514,880
Hay Ride 3 1 0 40320 · 23 · 11 3,548,160
Feed Lots 4 0 0 40320 · 24/2 322,560
Let a clockwise quarter turn of the left disk be denoted by L1. A half turn is denoted by L2, and an anti-clockwise turn by L3. Turns of the right disk are denoted in the same way, but using the letter R.
Phase 1: Solve the main pieces.
This part is quite simple, especially if you first solve the top and bottom pieces, and the detailed steps below only make it seem more complicated than it is.
 1. Rotate the disks so that their centres are the right side up.
 2. Find the piece that belongs at the top of the left disk. Do the appropriate move sequence from the following list:
 Top-left: -
 Left: L2 R2 L3 R2 L3
 Bottom-left: L3 R2 L2 R2 L3
 Centre: R2 L1 R2 L3
 Top-right: L1 R3 L3 R1
 Right: L1 R2 L3 R2
 Bottom-right: L1 R1 L3 R3
 3. Solve the top-right, bottom-left, and bottom-right locations. These are done in exactly the same way as step b above - simply hold the puzzle such that the location you are solving is at the top-left.
 4. If the pieces at the left, centre, and right are not correct, then do R2 L2 R2 L2. Repeat this again if they are still not correct.
Phase 2: Solve small internal wheels.
 1. Choose the two little wheels that you want to reverse. If there is only one little wheel that you want to change, use any of the other types of internal wheel as the second of your two wheels.
 2. If the two wheels lie in different disks, then
 1. If the left wheel of the left disk is one of your chosen wheels, do L2.
 2. If the right wheel of the right disk is one of your chosen wheels, do R2.
 3. Do L1 R3 L3 R1 three times to affect only the two wheels near the centre.
 4. If you did an R2 move in step 2, undo it now.
 5. If you did an L2 move in step 1, undo it now.
 3. If the two wheels you want to reverse lie in the left disk, then do R1 L2 R3 L2 three times. Similarly if they both lie in the right disk, do L1 R2 L3 R2.
 4. Repeat the steps above until all the small wheels are correct.
Phase 3: Solve the 'Mulcher'.
 1. If the mulcher's left wheel has a piece of the wrong colour, turn the left disk full circle once or twice to bring that incorrect piece to the centre of the mulcher.
 2. If the mulcher's right wheel has a piece of the wrong colour, do R2, turn the left disk full circle once or twice to bring that incorrect piece to the centre of the mulcher, and then undo the R2 move.
 3. Repeat steps a-b until the mulcher is solved.
Phase 4: Solve large internal wheels.
 1. To adjust a big internal wheel in one disk, rotate the other disk a full circle.
 2. Repeat step a if necessary, until the wheel is correct. After at most 10 full turns, the wheel will be correct.


Cathode and Anode
An electrode is a substance that is in use for the conduction of electricity. The electric current comes or leaves the non-metallic medium like an electrolytic cell. In simple language, an electrode is a conductor that helps in establishing electrical contact with a non-metallic part of the circuit. Electrodes consist of two main things that are cathode and anode which basically describe the direction of flow of current. The terms anode and cathode are not given by the voltage polarity of electrodes but the direction of current through the electrode.
Cathode and Anode
What is a Cathode?
It is an electrode from which a current leaves a polarized electrical device. This can be recalled by using the mnemonic Cathode Current Departs. A conventional current shows the direction in which positive charges move. Electrons have a negative electrical charge. Therefore, the movement of electrons is opposite to that of the current flow.
Example of cathode
The cathodic current is the flow of electrons from the cathode interface to a species in solution.
Electrolytic Cell
In an electrolytic cell, the cathode is where the negative polarity is applied. Some results of reduction at the cathode are pure metal or hydrogen gas from metal ions. While studying the relative reducing power of two redox agents, the couple for making the more reducing species is more cathodic with respect to the more easily reduced reagent.
Galvanic Cell
In a galvanic cell, the cathode is the positive pole. This positive pole is connected to allow the circuit to be completed. The anode of the galvanic cell gives off electrons and return from the circuit into the cell through the cathode.
Electroplating Metal Cathode (Electrolysis)
When metal ions are reduced, they form a pure metal surface on the cathode. Items to be plated with pure metal are attached and become part of the cathode in the solution.
An anode is an electrode by which the conventional current enters into a polarized electrical device. In contrasts with a cathode, an electrode by which conventional current leaves an electrical device. A common mnemonic is anode current into the device. The direction of current in a circuit is opposite to the direction of electron flow. Therefore, the negatively charged electrons flow out the anode of a galvanic cell, into an external circuit connected to the cell. In both a galvanic cell and an electrolytic cell, the anode is the electrode where oxidation reaction occurs.
In an electrolytic cell, the anode is the wire with a positive charge. Anions tend to move towards the anode where they can undergo oxidation. Historically, the anode was known as the zincode.
Examples of anode
 - In a discharging battery or galvanic cell, the anode is the negative terminal because it is where current flows into the cell. This inward current is carried by electrons moving outwards. The negative charge flowing in one direction is equivalent to the positive charge flowing in the opposite direction.
 - In a recharging battery, the anode is the positive terminal that receives current from an external generator. The current through a battery is opposite to the direction of current during discharge in the recharging battery. In simple words, the electrode that was the cathode while battery discharge becomes the anode during the battery is recharging.
 - In a diode, the anode is the positive terminal where the current flows into the device. The electrode naming for diodes is based on the direction of the forward current.
 - In vacuum tubes or gas-filled tubes, the anode is the terminal while the current enters the tube.
FAQs on Cathode and Anode
Question 1: What is the charge on anode and cathode?
Answer: Oxidation response at the anode. The oxidized species lose electrons by leaving electrode with an accumulation of electrons. Therefore, the anode has a negative charge. In contrast, a cathode is a reduction response where the decreased species obtain electrons. Therefore, the electrode, i.e., the cathode, lacks electrons and has a positive charge.
Question 2: What is the charge of an anode and cathode?
Answer: The anode is negative in a galvanic cell and the cathode is positive. It is because of the fact that anode is the origin of electrons and where the electrons flow is the cathode.
Share with friends
Customize your course in 30 seconds
Which class are you in?
Get ready for all-new Live Classes!
Ashhar Firdausi
IIT Roorkee
Dr. Nazma Shaik
Gaurav Tiwari
Get Started
Leave a Reply
1 Comment threads
0 Thread replies
Most reacted comment
Hottest comment thread
1 Comment authors
Eileen Recent comment authors
newest oldest most voted
Notify of
Customize your course in 30 seconds
Which class are you in?
No thanks.


Advertise Now
Europe Attractions
Travel Companies
 Home > Travel Europe > Europe Destinations > Kerkini
Kerkini is an exclusive tourist destination located in Europe. It is a municipality in the Serres prefecture of Greece and is named after the Kerkini mountain range. The city has a total population of 10,037 inhabitants as of 2001 census. The growth of population is the direct consequence of the leisure facilities available in Kerkini that are much greater than in other town of similar size.
Greece, where Kerkini is situated, is officially known as Hellenic Republic. It is a country in south-eastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkan peninsula. It is bordered by Bulgaria, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Albania to the north and by Turkey to the east. The Aegean Sea lies to the east of mainland Greece while the Ionian Sea lies to the west. Greece lies at the juncture of Europe, Asia and Africa. It is heir to the heritages of classical Greece, the Byzantine Empire, and nearly four centuries of Ottoman rule.
Like some of its sister cities and towns, Kerkini is blessed with beautiful surroundings and a unique natural setting. The picturesque scenery, the majesty of the mountains, the slow pace of life, and the welcoming nature of its people all combine to make this region one of the most important touristic attractions in Europe.
Everything you need to know about Traveling Europe is here at
Back to Europe Destinations
Europe Destinations
Europe News


text:
The Hellingly Hospital Railway
was a light railway
owned and operated by the East Sussex County Council
. It was used to deliver coal and passengers to Hellingly Hospital
, a psychiatric hospital
, via a spur from the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway
's Cuckoo Line
at Hellingly railway station
The railway was constructed in 1899 and opened to passengers on 20 July 1903, following its electrification in 1902. After the railway grouping of 1923
, passenger numbers declined so significantly that the hospital authorities no longer considered passenger usage of the line to be economical, and the service was withdrawn. The railway closed to freight in 1959, following the hospital's decision to convert its coal boilers to oil, which rendered the railway unnecessary.
The route took a mostly direct path from a junction immediately south of Hellingly Station to Hellingly Hospital, past sidings
known as Farm Siding and Park House Siding respectively, used as stopping places to load and unload produce and supplies from outbuildings of the hospital. Much of the railway has since been converted to footpath
, and many of the buildings formerly served by the line are now abandoned.
Construction and opening
In 1897, East Sussex County Council purchased of land at Park Farm, about three miles (5 km) north of Hailsham
, from the Earl of Chichester
, to be the site of a new county lunatic asylum
which would eventually become known as Hellingly...


text:
Tim Holloway wrote:The easy way to do it is to note that a Java properties file has the same format as a basic shell script.
However, there's a trick to it. If you just run the properties file like so:
The assignments will be made at the sub-level, then discarded when the properties file (script) ends execution.
So to get the properties in a calling script, you need to use the "source" command:
Note that the space after the initial dot is very important!
To reference shell variable assignments, you use the "$" to indicate variable substitution.
So, to put it all together:
This solution is good because it's simple, but it will only work if you have Java properties file that doesn't have any property names or values that have special characters (to shell) in them. For example, if there is a property with a '.' in the name, then this solution won't work. That's the case for most Java properties files I've used, especially those used with ANT.
Here is a properties file that Java can read, but bash can't:
The second property is going to cause problems because it has a dot in the name, as well as having spaces in the value. Java and ANT can read this in just fine, but bash can't:
You're quite correct, and that page is a very useful resource.
It does, however, leave out 1 important method:
When I use a properties file in the shell, I normally only put the coarsest properties in that file (which may include paths to finer-grade properties that the Java code itself reads). So it's no particular hardship to follow that rule. For me, anyway.


Benchmark – outcome and process measures
In a 1,000-1,250 word paper, consider the outcome and process measures that can be used for CQI. Include the following in your essay:
1. At least two process measures that can be used for CQI.
2. At least one outcome measure that can be used for CQI.
3. A description of why each measure was chosen.
4. An explanation of how data would be collected for each (how each will be measured).
5. An explanation of how success would be determined.
6. One or two data-driven, cost-effective solutions to this challenge.
Click Here to Make an Order Click Here to Hire a Writer


text:
STARTING VORTEX BEHIND A DISK NORMAL TO THE FLOW
A classical example of axisymmetric unsteady flow, this phenomenon precedes the establishment of a permanent regime, and
characterizes a starting movement.
The red streak that covers the front of the disk is emitted exactly at the point from which all streamlines are initiated
(that is, the stagnation point); along the side of the disk it turns green through dilution, and reveals the vortex structure
of the toroidal wake.
Image created by Henri Werlé. Reproduced with permission from his spectacular
collection Courants et Couleurs published in 1974 by ONERA, the French Aerospace Lab.
For further information, see
On the Flow of Fluids Made Visible,
Leonardo, Vol. 8, No. 4. (Autumn, 1975), pp. 329-331.


From Dwarf Fortress Wiki
(Redirected from Manager)
Jump to navigation Jump to search
This article is about the current version of DF.
Room requirements
Office Meager Office
Quarters None
Dining room None
Tomb None
Furniture requirements
Chests None
Cabinets None
Weapon racks None
Armor stands None
Mandates None
Demands None
Arrival conditions
Appointed on the nobles screen.
 - Allows large production orders.
 - Allows workshop profiles to be set.
The manager is a noble that allows players to create multiple production orders, and also lets them set up profiles for workshops. This means that players can rapidly dispatch any number of jobs from a single screen, without having to add tasks to individual workshops.
Relevant Skills[edit]
A certain set of skills are relevant for any manager. Furthermore, certain personality traits influence whether any experience is gained in the skill. There are soul attributes that affect the skills, and other skills that affect the same attribute's cross-training. The ones relevant for a manager are as follows:
Skill (relevant for manager) Personality Trait (needed to gain social skill) Attribute (affected by social skill)
Body Soul
Administrator Organizer Analytical ability
Social awareness
Social - Other Consoler Straightforwardness (Honesty) > 39 Linguistic ability
Social awareness
Pacifier Cooperation (Compromising) > 39 Linguistic ability
Social awareness
The better match with the skills, traits and attributes in the table above, the better of a manager a dwarf will be. Try to avoid traits that halt experience gain for a relevant skill, otherwise time will be lost training a dwarf who will never get better at that skill.
A manager only performs his duties in his office, so it is absolutely necessary to assign one. Since only a meager office is required, a single chair in the dining room will suffice.
 1. Hit n to enter the Nobles screen
 3. Build a chair somewhere or locate an existing chair.
At this point the red [REQUIRE] under "Manager" should have disappeared from the nobles screen and you should be able to queue up work orders.
It is trivially easy for a manager to get experience in the organizer skill. Just queue a lot of jobs to produce 30 of something, such as Collect Webs, which appears first on the list. The manager will gain experience when validating the order, not when the order is finished. You can cancel the order after it is validated if you wish.
Work orders[edit]
Creating a work order works like this:
 2. Press q to create a new work order
 4. Use the directional keys to select the specific type of item you want.
 5. Enter the quantity of items you want to produce (0 for a perpetual order).
 6. Your work order will appear in the list.
If there are at least 20 dwarves total then the manager will need to go to his office to "validate" each work order before it is acted on. If a manager is somehow occupied with other things then this might take a while, so in larger forts you might want to make sure your manager is not overly burdened with other labors. (For example, disabling hauling and cleaning for the manager might be a good idea.) The manager will also not perform his or her duties if socializing, drinking, eating, asleep or otherwise incapacitated (perhaps due to wounds). Managers don't require writing materials such as paper or scrolls to validate production orders.
To see if an order is validated, check the manager screen — validated orders will have a green checkmark, while invalidated orders will have a red X. Job orders will remain enqueued until the manager is once again in his (or her) office. An order can have the prefix of 'Ready', 'Checking' or 'Active'. A 'Ready' order only needs to be validated by the manager to become 'Active'. A 'Checking' order is waiting for its conditions to be satisfied: it will then become 'Active'.
An order can be set as a One-time order, or as a Repeating order that can restart when completed (conditions checked daily, monthly, seasonally or yearly), in the conditions menu.
You can edit the order in several ways: You can remove it, raise its priority, make it max (top) priority, change its conditions or details, or Enter limit the amount of workshops the order can be assigned to.
Conditions can be added to a work order by pressing c, and can either be based on the amount of an item in your fortress, or can depend on a currently ongoing work order.
Item conditions: To make life easier you can add item conditions from either the reagents/materials or products, or you can even add a new item condition yourself. When an item condition is selected, the following can be changed: The type (cabinets, bins etc.), material (obsidian, Acacia etc.), the traits (food-storage items, nearby items, empty items etc.), the number of the items (though this does not count items that are forbidden, built into something, or owned) and the inequality, at least (>=), less than(<), at most(<=), greater than(>), exactly(==), not(!=)).
Some useful item conditions are tricky to specify:
 - "refined coal" is just simply item=bar material=coal,
 - specific flour is item=powder, material=required flour name (not the plant name), trait=cookable
 - specific alcohol is item=drink, material="alcohol name" (not the plant name)
 - the trait "lye-containing item" (not to be mistaken with "lye-bearing item") is only available for "make soap" job,
 - item=liquid material=lye ignores lye in buckets,
 - the "unused" trait cannot be chosen manually, only reagents/materials key sets it for "make clothing" type of jobs.
Order conditions: The condition can depend on another order being completed, or another order becoming active.
The details of an order specify the type of material used in the making of the item (if applicable). Setting the max number of workshops that the order applies to can be especially useful to ensure that multiple orders for the same type of workshop (e.g. a Mason's Workshop) are worked on at the same time. After a production order is validated and Active, corresponding tasks will be automatically added to applicable workshops until the production quota has been met. An announcement appears when each order is completed. For repeating orders, the order then becomes inactive and the manager checks at the selected time interval for the conditions to become true again before restarting the order.
In repeating work orders, the quantity of items is treated as a batch size rather than a target number for total items to be produced. The quantity is set when creating the work order, and cannot be changed without redoing the entire order, conditions and all. A repeating work order will not abort mid-batch due to job cancellation or failed conditions. It must wait until the end of the batch before stopping. Be forewarned that perpetual (infinite) orders only check their conditions the first time they become true, since the (infinitely-sized) batch never completes. This can lead to confusion and frustration, as the order will never stop, regardless of failed conditions!
A guide to setting up functional work orders may be found in this thread.
Setting workshop profiles[edit]
The manager also allows players to change a workshop's "Profile". To edit a workshop's Profile, select a workshop with q and press P.
The workshop Profile enables players to restrict the dwarves that can use it and the minimum and maximum skill level required to use the workshop. They can choose who specifically can use the workshop by pressing enter on their name to permit/forbid their use of the workshop.
Additionally, using the Work Orders tab on the Profile screen will allow the manager to queue work orders specific to that workshop. Pressing Enter on the Work Orders tab will toggle whether or not the workshop will accept general work orders or only those set through the workshop's Profile.
Dwarves with strange moods seem to be able to claim a workshop even if they do not meet the profile criteria.
A note of caution: workshop profiles persistv0.31.12 even if the manager is killed, which can lead to workshops becoming unusable if the manager is killed and the dwarves permitted into the workshop die or are reassigned. Furthermore, workshop profiles seem to be slightly buggy. Adequate (rusty) weaponsmiths have been seen using a forge with the skill min/max both set to "Dabbling". This may be somewhat irritating if peasants are undergoing training.
One disadvantage of the work order system is that no work will be performed until the manager finishes validating the order. Work order validation appears to be fairly high priority, but it's best to ensure your manager has ample free time and isn't typically called far from the office for timely order validation.
A second disadvantage is that if there is more than one workshop which can fulfill a particular job set (such as several ordinary glass furnaces dedicated to sand collection, plus several magma glass furnaces for actual glass production) then the manager will distribute the jobs amongst all those workshops. While this can be an advantage (for example, if you want to speed up the work orders by having multiple workshops), this will make it difficult to dedicate different workshops to different tasks. This can be prevented by entering the profile of specific workshops and moving to the Work Orders menu; setting "general work orders cannot task this shop" will prevent the manager from assigning tasks.


text:
Objectives: Despite decreasing mortality rates in acute lung injury, studies of long-term physical function in acute lung injury survivors have consistently reported poorer quality of life persisting years into recovery for reasons that are not completely understood. We sought to determine if pulmonary dysfunction is independently associated with functional impairment among acute lung injury survivors and to determine if high-resolution computed tomography could be used to predict its development.
Design: Secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial in acute lung injury.
Setting: ICUs at three academic medical centers.
Patients: Patients diagnosed with acute lung injury who had high-resolution computed tomography scans performed at 14 and/or 180 days after diagnosis.
Measurements and main results: An objective radiologic scoring system was used to quantify patterns present on chest high-resolution computed tomography obtained at 14 and 180 days in patients with acute lung injury. These scores were correlated in univariable and multivariable analyses with pulmonary function testing and quality of life survey data obtained at 180 days. Eighty-nine patients had evaluable data at day 14, and 47 at 180 days. At 180 days, increased radiologic scores for reticulation were associated with a decreased total lung capacity, forced vital capacity, and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (p values all < 0.002). Decrements in quality of life attributable to pulmonary dysfunction were most strongly associated with higher radiologic scores. Additionally, radiologic scores at 14 days independently predicted poorer quality of life at 180 days, accounting for age, severity of illness, pneumonia as the acute lung injury risk factor, and length of time on mechanical ventilation.
Conclusions: Among survivors of acute lung injury, increasing chest high-resolution computed tomography involvement correlated with restrictive physiology and poorer health-related quality of life, implicating pulmonary dysfunction as a potential contributor to activity limitation in these patients.


Here the electron-phonon Holstein model with Rashba spin-orbit interaction is studied for a two-dimensional square lattice in the adiabatic limit. It is demonstrated that a delocalized electron at zero spin-orbit coupling localizes into a large polaron state as soon as the Rashba term is nonzero. This spin-orbit induced polaron state has localization length inversely proportional to the Rashba coupling gamma and it dominates a wide region of the gamma-lambda phase diagram, where lambda is the electron-phonon interaction.


text:
Report answers the question 'Who owns teacher-created digital content?'
Schools and districts are increasingly urging teachers to use digital content for instruction, with many teachers taking innovative steps by creating their own digital content. But when it comes to copyright, ownership, and sharing, that's where it gets tricky.
"In the era of digital publishing, which includes teacher-created, -refined, and –remixed materials, an important question has arisen: who owns this digital content?" asks a policy brief from the State Educational Technology Directors Association (SETDA), titled "Clarifying ownership of teacher-created digital content empowers educators to personalize education, address individual student needs."
According to the brief, the confusion over who owns teacher-created content is due to three main reasons: 1) Lack of clarification in terms, 2) vague wording in The Copyright Act of 1976, and 3) Lack of specifications outlined by state and district leaders (including the state educational agency, state board of education, legislature, and/or governor).
(Next page: 3 must-knows about teacher copyright)


Serious Game Classification
Eco-Match ZEMNOTT (United Kingdom), ValuSoft (U.S.A.), 2009
Informations Analyses Discussion
Besides play, this title features the following intents:
 - Educative message broadcasting
This title is used by the following domains:
 - Entertainment
 - Ecology
This title targets the following audience:
General Public
The gameplay of this title is Game-based
(designed with stated goals)
The core of gameplay is defined by the rules below:
Similar games
Eco-Match Eco-Match is a match three game using the mouse. On each puzzle, you must clear fifty of a certain tile picture, be it penguins, cell phones, nuclear waste symbols, etc.. Some puzzles require you to clear fifty of more than one type of tile. On some puzzles, you may have Eco-zones, in red or blue, that must also be cleared. The red zones become blue when you make a match of three or more that includes that tile. The blue zones are cleared when you make a match over them. Some puzzles have locked tiles. To unlock them, match them with two or more other of the same tiles. You cannot move locked tiles, however.
The puzzles come in three matching styles. The first is a simple swap style. You simply click a tile then click another nest to it. The tiles will swap, forming a row of three or more of the same tiles. In the second type, you have a symbol on your cursor. Your must point to a spot that will make a three or more match and click. You will them swap the symbol you were carrying for the one that was on the board. In the last type, you just click any group of three or more of the same tiles. They can be in a straight row or a cluster. As you go about the game, you can get power-ups to help you. These may include the ability to clear one tile or a small cluster of tiles. After you complete enough puzzles, you can purchase a project such as an animal refuge. When the project is constructed, you can click on it to purchase power-ups. [source:mobygames]
Distribution : Retail - Commercial
Platform(s) : Macintosh - PC (Windows)


text:
A Century of Hands: Work, Communities, and Identities among the Ayt Khebbach Fossil Artisans in a Moroccan Oasis
Majuka Tanabe defended her thesis on 17 June 2015
- M. (Majuka) Tanabe
- 17 June 2015
- Leiden University Repository
This study analyses the everyday practices and the multiplicious identification processes in Amazigh mineral and fossil artisan communities, focusing on the Ayt Khebbash group in Rissani and Tafraoute of southeastern Morocco. I address the following questions: how do the Ayt Khebbash artisans identify themselves and others through everyday work and participation in different communities? What is their relation to the space that surrounds them? How do they deal with the discourse power of the state and the penetrating influences of capitalism? I argue that in the context of the Tafilalet, the collective Amazigh ethnic identity promoted by the activists holds little importance compared to a tribal sense of belonging based on agnatic ties. Also, the local Ayt Khebbash artisans see themselves contextually through social interactions in everyday work and in relation to external power structures. This dissertation consists of an introduction, four main chapters, and a conclusion. The division of the main content of this study into four chapters is in accordance with the geography of the region: Tafilalet (Ar-Rachidia Province), the village Tafraoute, the town Rissani, and reḥla ('open space'). I examine the development of fossil ex¬traction and sculpting work in Tafraoute and Rissani in the context of environmental factors and the local history of French colonial rule, so as to situate the practice of Ayt Khebbash men in the historical process of herding, agriculture and mining work. Then I analyse the apprenticeship of fossil artisans as a process of participation in social practice, by using the notion of 'legitimate peripheral participation' within the 'communities of practice' developed by Lave and Wenger (Lave and Wenger 1991; Wenger 1998). This is to demonstrate that work is a social practice wherein acting agents acquire new knowledge, techniques, and lifestyles, in the multiple processes of confrontations and contradictions. Furthermore, through an analysis of the Ayt Kheb¬bash artisans' work experiences in Nador and barite mining, I argue that their identifi¬cation processes also involve 'marginality', 'dis-identification', and 'non-participation' (Hodges 1998). Contrary to Lave and Wenger's model (1991; 1998), 'participation' was an experience in constant conflict with their historically situated self within the new socio-economic frameworks, which in the case of the Ayt Khebbash artisans induced sympathy for their own tribal identities, rather than assimilation to the structural conditions of the capitalist labour market. I conclude that the Ayt Khebbash artisans counteract the effect of globalisation in their own terms with their own initiatives, by constantly imagining, reinventing and reconstructing their spatial and tribal senses of belonging.


Last edited 27 Apr 2021
Pontoon bridge
The Evergreen Point Floating Bridge in Washington State, carrying State Route 520 over Lake Washington, seen from the north side bicycle and pedestrian trail from the west high rise. It is the world's longest pontoon bridge.
[edit] Introduction
Bridges are a common feature of the built environment and one of the key elements of civil engineering. Movable bridges are designed in a way that allows them to accommodate different situations and the flow of different types of traffic. One kind of movable bridge is a pontoon (or ponton) bridge. These are also referred to as floating bridges.
[edit] How do pontoon bridges work?
Pontoon bridges are constructed on large, water-tight concrete floats, boats, barges or other buoyant structures that are rigidly connected end-to-end, upon which the road deck is constructed. Individual bridge pontoons are built on the land before being floated and towed to the bridge site. Once there, they are connected at each end to grounded approach structures, starting at the edge of the floating structure and then pieced together towards the bridge's centre. Cables hold the pontoons in place, connected to buried anchors.
The use of floating bridges is typically limited by the wind and wave forces that are likely to be experienced. The 'fetch' is the unobstructed clear distance over the water that wind can travel to the bridge. The longer the fetch, the higher the wind and wave forces will generally be. Pontoons bend, heave and twist as a result of wind and wave (and sometimes tidal) forces, creating large stresses in the pontoons and anchor system. However, even in the event of a '100-year storm' (a storm that statistically has 1% chance of occurring in any given year), the pontoons are designed to survive.
Due to the movement associated with a pontoon bridge, they often require more maintenance than traditional structures, even under normal operating conditions.
[edit] Strategic pontoon bridges
The earliest recorded use of a pontoon bridge goes back to Ancient China. While texts indicate use by the Zhou Dynasty in the 11th century BC, it is believed that temporary pontoon bridges were used several centuries earlier and permanent pontoon bridges came about in the 2nd century BC during the Qin Dynasty.
Temporary pontoon bridges were frequently used in Ancient Greek and Roman times. This continued in the middle ages, when they were frequently used in military applications.
As tactical structures, they were used during emergency situations, such as natural disasters or wartime conflicts. They were put in place either when conventional bridge construction was thought to be cost prohibitive or when additional flexibility (such as elevation or removal for the passing of waterway traffic) was necessary.
Temporary pontoon bridges could be built quickly and then either destroyed or removed and carried along with troops. Their flexibility prevented enemy forces from using the structures.
[edit] Permanent pontoon bridges
There are some permanent pontoon bridges in use around the world in places such as Australia, India, Canada and so on. As permanent structures, pontoon bridges generally require deep water and are practical in places where the softness of the ground beneath the bridge makes it unsuitable for safe pier construction.
In March 2016, Washington State in northwest America opened the world's longest floating bridge. The 'State Route 520 Bridge' (SR520), as it is known, is a six-lane pontoon structure 2.4 km in length. There are three additional pontoon bridges in Washington State.
[edit] Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki
Designing Buildings Anywhere
Find out more Accept cookies and
don't show me this again


text:
In the fall of 1982, after numerous studies into the reform of expropriation law in
British Columbia, the British Columbia Cabinet Committee on Legislation released a
draft Expropriation Act for public discussion. The report was printed with
a green cover, thereby ensuring it would be widely known as the "Green Paper".
The Green Paper did generate significant public response. However, it took another
five years of study and debate before the reform legislation came into force on
December 24, 1987. This statute was formally titled, Expropriation Act,
S.B.C. 1987, c. 23.
Although the Green Paper has long since served its original purpose, it still
retains some value by providing the historical context in which the present British
Columbia legislation was enacted. A copy of the report is available by here.


text:
Singapore Changi Airport is a testament to efficiency and convenience, consistently ranked among the world's busiest and most streamlined airports.
With over 70 million passengers traversing its terminals annually, it has earned its reputation for seamless and rapid transfers. However, before you take that one-hour transit time for granted, several crucial considerations exist.
- 1 The One-Hour Mark: Minimum Transit Time
- 2 One-Hour Transit: Is It Enough for You?
- 3 Strategies for a Successful 1-Hour Transit
- 4 In Conclusion
- 5 FAQs
- 5.1 1. Is the minimum recommended transit time of 50 minutes inclusive of the time needed to clear security checks?
- 5.2 2. What should I do if my connecting flight is on a different airline?
- 5.3 3. Can I use the shuttle bus service to travel between terminals?
- 5.4 4. What if my first flight is delayed?
- 5.5 5. Are there any specific tips for travelers with limited mobility or special medical needs when attempting a one-hour transit?
The One-Hour Mark: Minimum Transit Time
Singapore Changi Airport's bare minimum transit time recommended is 50 minutes. This implies that if your connecting flight is scheduled within 50 minutes of arrival, your transition should go off without a hitch. Nevertheless, some nuances deserve your attention:
- Airline Consistency: The transition should be smooth if your connecting flight operates under the same airline. This eliminates the need for immigration and customs clearance, saving you an extra 30 to 60 minutes.
- Terminal Cohesion: Your connecting flight must depart from the same terminal. Differing terminals entail a shuttle bus journey between them, adding 10 to 15 minutes to your transit.
- Punctuality Matters: The punctuality of your arriving and departing flights cannot be emphasized enough. A delay in your first flight could jeopardize your chances of making the second.
One-Hour Transit: Is It Enough for You?
The adequacy of one-hour transit hinges on various factors:
- Travel Experience: A one-hour connection might be feasible for seasoned travelers familiar with the intricacies of transiting airports.
- Baggage Considerations: Travelers with checked baggage must allocate additional time for baggage claims and recheck their bags for the next flight.
- Health Considerations: Individuals with mobility constraints or medical issues should budget extra time to navigate the airport comfortably.
- Budget Constraints: Those on tight budgets might want to avoid prolonged stays at the airport, as additional time might incur costs for lounges or other amenities.
Strategies for a Successful 1-Hour Transit
If you're determined to navigate a one-hour transit in Singapore, consider the following strategies:
- Airline Alliance: Opt for flights within the same airline alliance to avoid the immigration and customs process.
- Flight Status Monitoring: Stay abreast of your connecting flight's status before departing. Preemptively rebooking the second leg could be a lifesaver if your initial flight is delayed.
- Early Arrival: Arrive at the airport beforehand to facilitate check-in, security procedures, and locating your gate.
- Enjoy Airport Facilities: Singapore Changi Airport boasts an array of lounges and dining establishments. Utilize these facilities to relax or grab a meal while awaiting your next flight.
- Anticipate Delays: Prudent planning involves considering the possibility of delays. If your flight faces unforeseen setbacks, promptly communicate with your airline to rebook your connecting flight.
For most travelers, a one-hour transit time at Singapore Changi Airport proves sufficient for making a connecting flight. Nevertheless, it's crucial to recognize that multiple factors can influence your transition time.
Heeding the insights above and implementing the suggested strategies heighten your likelihood of a seamless transition and an enjoyable stay in Singapore. Remember, while the airport is efficient, thoughtful preparation remains the key to a stress-free journey.
1. Is the minimum recommended transit time of 50 minutes inclusive of the time needed to clear security checks?
Yes, the 50-minute minimum transit time recommendation at Singapore Changi Airport encompasses the time required to go through security checks, passport control, and other necessary procedures. However, it's important to remember that this timeframe assumes all conditions are optimal and there are no unforeseen delays.
2. What should I do if my connecting flight is on a different airline?
If your connecting flight is on a different airline, you will likely need to go through immigration and customs clearance, which can take an additional 30 to 60 minutes. In this case, more than a one-hour transit time might be required. A more extended layover is advisable to account for these extra formalities and ensure you take advantage of your next flight.
3. Can I use the shuttle bus service to travel between terminals?
Yes, Singapore Changi Airport offers a shuttle bus service to travel between terminals. However, this service can add 10 to 15 minutes to your transit time. If your connecting flight departs from a different airport, it's crucial to factor in this additional time when considering a one-hour transit.
4. What if my first flight is delayed?
If your first flight is delayed, it can significantly impact your chances of making your connecting flight within a one-hour transit time. Delays are expected in air travel, and a delay in your arrival flight could leave you with minimal time to get to your connecting gate. It's recommended to keep track of your flight's status and communicate with airport staff if you foresee difficulties making your connection.
5. Are there any specific tips for travelers with limited mobility or special medical needs when attempting a one-hour transit?
One-hour transit is challenging for travelers with limited mobility or special medical needs. It's essential to allow extra time to move through the airport comfortably. Consider requesting assistance from airport personnel, such as using airport wheelchairs or getting help with transporting your luggage. To ensure a smooth journey, communicate your requirements to the airline, and they can provide the necessary support.


text:
This post explains how to calibrate two 2Touch screens to work with an extended desktop configuration – where the desktop spans across two display screens, with the Windows task bar in the left-hand screen and an extended working area in the right-hand screen.
Implementing interactive touch for the above configuration requires two units both of which are equipped with both serial and USB communications.
(Note: The other common multiple-screen configuration is the Stretched Desktop.)
Extending the desktop across two monitors is simply achieved in Windows "Display Properties" dialog. Note: both monitors must have the same Screen Resolution settings.
The two touch screens are calibrated separately, one using USB communications and the other using serial communications. We will call the two 2Touch screens "Touch Panel 1" and "Touch Panel 2" respectively.
Calibrating Touch Panel 1
1. Connect the power supply to Touch Panel 1 and then connect the USB cable.
2. Carry out the simple four-point Calibration procedure.
Calibrating Touch Panel 2
1. Install NextWindow's Touch+ Software, making sure you select "Run serial runtime on Windows startup."
2. Locate the Serial Runtime directory.
The default is here:
C:\Program Files\NextWindow\Touch+ #.#.#\Serial Runtime
3. Create a text file called SerialRuntime.ini and enter the following lines:
Note the parameter OffsetX=32767 in the [Main] Section. This pushes the calibration points for the serial connection over to the extended screen.
4. Connect the serial cable from Touch Panel 2 to the computer.
5. Run the SerialConfig program, select [Port Detect] and then click the [Calibration] button to start the Calibration sequence for Touch Panel 2.
This completes the calibration procedure. Now both monitors are touch enabled.


text:
It looks like you're new here. If you want to get involved, click one of these buttons!
It seems that if an instance is scaled via its properties dialog, the scaling factor does not get correctly accounted for in the area calculation tool(s). A simple example is creating a 10x10 box and making it into a cell, 'test', the computed layer area function returns 100. If the cell 'test' is then scaled by 2 in the properties dialog, when the layer area is checked, it still comes back as 100. This is also true if one descends into the scaled cell 'test', selects the box and computes the area of the selected shapes, it will still come back as 100. It only correctly calculates it if the cell is flattened. Is this the only way to correctly calculate the area of instances which are scaled?


text:
: a device that holds or presses parts tightly together
: to hold or press (things or parts of a thing) tightly together with a device : to fasten or tighten (something) with a clamp
: to press or squeeze (something)
What made you want to look up clamp? Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible).


The difference between prey drive & hunting instinct
(Page 2 of 2: Viewing entries 11 to 13)
1 2
Barked: Mon Oct 1, '12 7:12am PST
I think prey drive is more to describe the juvenile-like way of just chasing things. No method to it, just chase.
Whereas hunting instinct is used more to describe a more methodical approach. I think someone said something similar above? Same general thing though.
Here it'd be described as prey drive given just the total carelessness about the chase.
And this is more methodical, hunting instinct. An actual attempt to catch. He actually tries. Although gets confused by the initial lack in movement. Pheasants aren't that smart. laugh out loud
I don't think that stalking always means hunting instinct nor that hunting instinct is just stalking. It's just when the dog seems to really have it thought out what he wants. He has a goal. Whereas prey drive is more just for funzies. That's my take on it anyway.
Dr. Watson
Not a wienerdawg!
Barked: Wed Oct 3, '12 12:34pm PST
In her blog, Suzanne Clothier, a marvelous writer and trainer, has an entry entitled "Drive and Brakes and Steering." I'd like to quote from it some.
"For those who find the whole notion of biting and gripping worrisome, perhaps it is easiest to think about it this way: substitute "bite" or "grip" with retrieve, herd, chase. All of these behaviors are aspects of the predatory sequence. In his books DOGS, Ray Coppinger does a wonderful job of explaining the predatory behavior chain - I often recommend his book solely for that chapter.
In our dogs, the behaviors we see are the same ones that would be seen in a wolf's predatory sequence. These behaviors are instinctive, a natural part of the canine behavioral repertoire. Perhaps most importantly, when expressed by our domestic dogs, these behaviors can show considerable deviation from the natural behavior.
Specialized breeds reflect the results of selective breeding for specific behaviors or exaggerations of some behaviors or inhibition of other behaviors.Thus herding dogs exhibit strong chase behaviors but with inhibited bite/grip and highly inhibited killing behaviors, The Border Collie's famous "eye" is a result of generations of breeding for an exaggeration of a natural behavior. Bird dogs have the bite/grip intensely inhibited, thus the desired "soft mouth." In the case of pointing breeds, the naturally occurring stalk behavior is exaggerated to become a frozen "point".
The bite/grip/grab behavior is strong in many working lines, and there is a genetic component to how the dogs grip, where they grip, what will trigger a bite or grip. For example, some dogs bite low while others come up higher -- this becomes very clear when you see dogs worked on sheep or cattle. Are they moving the animals by nipping towards their heels (thus the term "heelers")? or grabbing a hindquarter or going higher for the shoulder/neck or higher still for nose ("headers")?
For many working lines (police K9, Schutzhund, ring sport, etc), there is a tendency to bite hard and to grip with a full mouth bite that goes right to the molars. This is prized, and for good reason: in an attack situation, you want the dog bringing his entire jaw power to bear, not merely the incisors and canines (sometimes called a "bitchy" bite, a grip that is more easily dislodged). These full, hard bites are evident from an early age in puppies from these lines, just as birdy pups demonstrate a keen interest in things with feathers, and field bred retriever puppies carry things, and herding puppies respond to moving things with delight.
Selective breeding is a way of engineering a bigger engine for that behavior (or set of behaviors), so that we can easily shape those behaviors into what we want, whether that's a retrieve of a duck or sheep neatly penned. But balance is the key in any working performance. If you think of instinctive behavior as the engine that drives the dog, then the balance comes in the form of the brakes and steering and multiple gears that allow that engine to be effectively utilized to good purpose. Just as it would not be okay to let a herding dog chase sheep willy-nilly or treat a toddler like an errant ewe, it's also necessary to teach a strong biting dog what is and is not appropriate for those jaws."
I think Clothier explains this question the best. thinking
The MuddyPrincess
Barked: Wed Oct 3, '12 3:16pm PST
I think "prey drive" is something more instinctive and basic and "hunting instinct" is a modified (selectively developed) part of that drive. To me prey drive is a desire to kill things, very basic and critically important for survival. This strong instinct has been preserved in many types of dogs, both intentionally as in terriers, and not bred away from in Nordic breeds. The idea of hunting instinct is generally reserved for sporting breeds and refers to specific traits, like pointing or retrieving. These are unique traits (or parts of the prey capture sequence) that were isolated and enhanced through selective breeding.
My God-dog is a Sammy mix Brady and he has a huge prey drive. I was walking him once with my two pups and my guys who were off leash found an opossum, my Selli just wanted to sniff it and my Duff, a Sheltie Mix, barked at it. I went over with Brady on a leash (because I know how he is), to stop Duffy from barking, and I got one step too close and that was the end of the opossum. I have a friend who has a Brittany Cooper who one day brought her an opossum and dropped it in front of her. She thought the opossum was dead but she saw it run off a few minutes later. Brady had the desire to kill the opossum while Cooper just had the desire to bring it to her.
 (Page 2 of 2: Viewing entries 11 to 13)
1 2


text:
A detailed knowledge of the exact chemical composition of crude oil and crude oil fractions is in high demand within the oil industry. Crude oils with similar or even identical bulk chemical properties can behave completely different. Examples include reacting differently in the refinery processes, where specific compounds and compound classes can cause catalytic deactivation.
Flow assurance interests are with polar compounds in crude oil containing hetero atoms such as nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen having a high contribution in deposition and clogging of pipelines. Even in oil exploration, the exact chemical class information can be useful for reservoir connectivity studies.
Therefore, detailed information on relative abundances of those problematic compound classes is of major interest.
The relative abundance of compound classes, as well as detailed core structural information of classes based on ring and double bond equivalents can be derived by ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry.
Crude oils can be analyzed without any sample purification within minutes using different ionization methods (APPI, ESI, LDI). Mass spectrometric data are then processed using advanced software solutions (PetroOrg/Composer).


How Do You Make Swelling Go Down Fast?
How long does it take for swelling to go down?
What naturally reduces swelling?
What to eat to reduce swelling in feet?
Magnesium-rich foods (tofu, spinach, cashews) Magnesium deficiency causes water retention in the body. Therefore, when you are suffering from swollen feet, eat magnesium-rich foods. These include tofu, spinach, cashews, almonds, dark chocolate, broccoli and avocados.
Does ibuprofen help with swelling?
Should I heat or ice first?
Is swelling a sign of healing?
Swelling. Swelling is a sign that your immune system is repairing your wound. The blood vessels widen to ease blood flow and send oxygen, vitamins, and minerals to your injury.
Does ice reduce swelling after 24 hours?
Icing is most effective in the immediate time period following an injury. 1 The effect of icing diminishes significantly after about 48 hours. In an effort to reduce swelling and minimize inflammation, try to get the ice applied as soon as possible after the injury.
What medicine stops swelling?
What causes whole body swelling?
Edema occurs when tiny blood vessels in your body (capillaries) leak fluid. The fluid builds up in surrounding tissues, leading to swelling. Mild cases of edema may result from: Sitting or staying in one position for too long.
Can I leave an ice pack on overnight?
Is apple cider vinegar good for swelling?
What happens if you ice too long?
How do you reduce swelling without ice?
Is heat or cold better for swelling?
Does ice reduce swelling?
How long does it take for swelling to go down with ice?
How do I reduce swelling?
Does swelling get worse before it gets better?
Is swelling good for healing?
Swelling isn't good for us all the time. It initially helps by recruiting healing factors that accelerate how quickly cells migrate to the site of injury – but swelling is also bad because it destructs and distends the tissues, and distorts the anatomy.
Does heat help swelling go down?
Using the ice helps to narrow blood vessels and keeps swelling down. People who often exercise should use ice after working out, not heat. Ice will help reduce any swelling from a grueling workout routine. Heat, on the other hand, can increase swelling and prevent muscles from healing.
What kind of tea reduces swelling?


text:
The U.S. Territory of Guam is the largest and southernmost island of the Mariana Islands in the North Pacific Ocean. The southern maritime boundary of Guam borders the Federated States of Micronesia, and the northern maritime boundary borders the Northern Marianas Islands. Guam is surrounded by coral reefs near its shore.
What is Guam's maritime history?
Guam's indigenous population, the Chamorros, came to the island about 4,000 years ago from Malaysia. Ferdinand Magellan made the first European contact with Guam in 1521. Spain began colonizing the island in 1668 and it served as an important stop for provisions and rest on the Manilla Galleon trade route between Mexico and the Philippines. In 1898, the United States took control of the island following the Battle of Guam in the Spanish-American War. During World War II, the Japanese invaded Guam in 1941 and treated the people of Guam as enemies in an occupied territory. The United States retook the island in 1944. Following the war, the Guam Organic Act of 1950 established the island as a territory of the United States.
What sites are underwater?
Guam's waters are filled with reminders of past military conflicts and naval battles involving the Germans, Japanese, and Americans. There are wrecks of ships, planes, barges, and their cargos and contents including munitions.
One of the most popular dive spots on Guam is in Apra Harbor where shipwrecks from two world wars lie adjacent to each other. The SS Rjasan was a steel hulled passenger and freight steamer built in 1909 for the Russians. The Germans captured the vessel in 1914, renamed it SMS Cormoran, and converted it to an armed commerce raider. From 1914 to 1917, the Cormoran sat in Apra Harbor for lack of fuel. The ship was scuttled by its captain in 1917 to avoid capture by the Americans during World War I.
The Tokai Maru was a Japanese passenger and freight steamer built in 1930. In 1941, the Japanese Imperial Navy re-commissioned it under contract to transport personnel and war materials. The Tokai Maru was anchored in Apra Harbor when, in January 1943, it was torpedoed and disabled by the U.S. submarine Flying Fish. Seven months later, a second U.S. submarine, the Snapper, torpedoed it again, this time sinking it. The wreck of the Tokai Maru lies adjacent to the wreck of the SMS Cormoran in Apra Harbor.
Other World War II underwater sites in or near Apra Harbor include the Japanese transport Kitsugawa Maru, a Japanese carrier dive bomber, and an American concrete barge sunk during the war to act as a breakwater. The Japanese transport Aratama Maru was sunk in 1944 in Talofofo Bay on the southeastern shore of Guam.
Who takes care of Guam's underwater archeological sites?
Primary responsibility for underwater sites falls to the Guam Historic Preservation Office in the Department of Parks and Recreation, which partners with other entities including the Guam Historic Preservation and Review Board, the Guam Museum, and the Guam Preservation Trust. Several other territorial and federal agencies may also have jurisdiction over a particular site.
What permits do I need to study shipwrecks?
Permission is needed from the Department of Parks and Recreation to conduct any type of exploration or recovery operation that may remove, displace or destroy an underwater historic property. Permittees are responsible for obtaining permission of any federal agency having jurisdiction.
Are there any underwater parks in Guam?
The Division of Aquatic and Wildlife Resources in the Guam Department of Agriculture has established and manages five marine preserves to protect the island's coral habitats and marine life. These marine parks are Pati Point Preserve, Tumon Bay Preserve, Piti Bomb Holes Preserve, Sasa Bay Preserve, and the Achang Reef Flat Preserve. War in the Pacific National Historical Park preserves and interprets cultural resources of World War II at seven units on Guam.
What laws concern underwater archeology in Guam?
There are a number of historic preservation related laws that affect underwater archeology including Public Law 12-126, Public Law 20-151, Public Law 27-89, and Title 21 (Real Property) Chapter 76 (Historical Objects and Sites) of the Guam Code. All government agencies in Guam have the responsibility and mandate to protect and preserve cultural resources under their jurisdiction or control.


text:
Balance and adjust the number of posts
Depending on the Cycle Time and different Takt Time, we will be able to balance and adjust the number of operators on manual stations. There is 11 positions.
The overall cycle time for all of these positions is 868 seconds.
The theoretical calculation of the number of operators for the different takt time is as follows :
- High season : Takt = 2mn 36s soit 156s —> 868 / 156 = 5.5 so 6 operators
- Average season : Takt = 3mn 15s soit 195s —> 868 / 195 = 4.5 so 5 operators
- Low season : Takt = 4mn 20s soit 260s —> 868 / 260 = 3.3 so 4 operators
The assembly line is linear, and a length of at least 40m, balancing can be done only on contiguous positions. It is thus not possible to use the theoretical calculation.
The various balances are the following :
The number of operators, according to seasonality is from 8 to 5.


text:
Deferasirox for the Treatment of Chronic Iron Overload in Transfusional Hemosiderosis
Deferasirox for the Treatment of Chronic Iron Overload in Transfusional Hemosiderosis
Purpose: This report describes the Food and Drug Administration's review of data and analyses leading to the approval of the oral iron chelator, deferasirox for the treatment of chronic iron overload due to transfusional hemosiderosis.
Experimental Design: The FDA reviewed findings of a controlled, open-label, randomized multicenter phase III study of deferasirox vs deferoxamine in 586 patients with beta-thalessemia and transfusional hemosiderosis. The study results as well as the results of the FDA review of chemistry, preclinical pharmacology, and supportive studies are described.
Results: Following 48 weeks of treatment in the phase III study, patients' liver iron concentrations (a key endpoint variable) had decreased an average of 2.4 mg of iron (Fe)/g dry weight (dw) and 2.9 mg Fe/g dw in the deferasirox and deferoxamine groups, respectively, despite continued blood transfusions in both cohorts. Deferasirox was associated with serum creatinine increases in approximately a third of patients. Common adverse events included gastrointestinal symptoms and skin rash. Other data provided supportive evidence of deferasirox safety and efficacy.
Conclusions: The FDA granted deferasirox accelerated approval on November 2, 2005, for use in treating chronic iron overload due to transfusional hemosiderosis in patients ≥ 2 years of age. The sponsor must obtain clinical data demonstrating the drug's long-term safety and effectiveness.
Red blood cell transfusion therapy administered on a long-term, recurrent basis is a mainstay in the treatment of several chronic congenital and acquired anemias.[1-3] However, patients receiving such transfusions may consequently develop transfusional hemosiderosis, a major complication of iron overload that sometimes results in heart failure, cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus, or other endocrinopathies.[4-6]
Lessening the body's iron burden through chelation therapy with the parenteral agent deferoxamine has been shown to prevent or delay the complications of transfusional hemosiderosis.[1,2] However, the pharmacologic features of deferoxamine require its prolonged infusion, usually for 8 to 12 hours at least 5 days a week. This inconvenience and infectious complications associated with the route of administration limit compliance with the deferoxamine regimen, and patients may consequently develop progressive manifestations of transfusional hemosiderosis.[7,8]
Deferasirox (Exjade) was developed for use as an orally administered therapeutic iron chelation agent.[9,10] Its safety and efficacy were demonstrated in 48-week controlled clinical trials (with some patients entering extension studies of up to 3 years duration). This review summarizes the major clinical and supportive data and the regulatory process leading to the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) approval of deferasirox for use in the treatment of chronic iron overload resulting from transfusional hemosiderosis in patients ≥ 2 years of age.
Prior to the approval of deferasirox, the only drug approved by the FDA for the treatment of transfusional hemosiderosis was deferoxamine.[12,13] Because deferoxamine must be administered parenterally over 8 to 12 hours, the FDA regarded an oral alternative to deferoxamine as an important, unmet medical need. The original deferasirox investigational drug application was submitted on June 30, 1999, and deferasirox received FDA Fast Track status on February 21, 2003. The Fast Track program facilitates development and expedites review of new drugs for serious or life-threatening conditions not otherwise being addressed. Additionally, because of the relative rarity of transfusional hemosiderosis, the FDA designated deferasirox an Orphan Drug (a product that treats a disease affecting fewer than 200,000 Americans). On November 2, 2005, deferasirox received accelerated approval; this approval category requires the sponsor to demonstrate the drug's long-term safety and efficacy.
Iron Metabolism and Chelation Therapy
The process of iron metabolism in the human body (including the limitations on iron excretion) has been well described.[4,5] In a state of metabolic balance, the human body absorbs 1 to 2 mg of iron daily from the diet and loses a similar amount through cellular sloughing. Iron administration in excess of this amount results in sequestration within the body, where it accumulates in end organs and can result in toxicity and organ damage. Since transfusional therapy may require administration of 2 to 3 units of red blood cells per month (each unit containing 200-250 mg of iron [Fe]), patients may present evidence of transfusional hemosiderosis within a few years of monthly transfusions.
Methods to monitor iron stores in patients undergoing long-term transfusion therapy are limited in utility and meaningfulness. Serum ferritin measurement is convenient but correlates incompletely with the body's iron stores. Measurement of iron concentration in a liver tissue biopsy sample is thought to more accurately reflect total body iron stores. Normally, iron concentration in the liver is < 1.5 mg Fe/g dry weight (dw). In patients with hemosiderosis, liver iron concentration (LIC) usually exceeds 2 mg Fe/g dw and may reach ≥ 55 mg Fe/g dw. A patient's cumulative blood transfusion history has been shown to correlate with LIC.[1,4]
A correlation between LIC and the risk of cirrhosis and cardiac damage has not been established.[6,15] However, exploration of the clinical utility of LIC has been especially limited by the invasive nature of liver biopsy. This limitation has prompted the development of noninvasive methods to measure LIC. Assessment techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic field detection procedures using a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) were partially explored in the deferasirox clinical development program.
Deferasirox is the active component of Exjade tablets for oral suspension. Designated chemically as 4-[3,5-Bis (2-hydroxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-benzoic acid, this agent is a white to slightly yellow powder with a molecular formula of C21H15N3O4 and a molecular weight of 373.4. The structural formula of deferasirox is shown in Figure 1.
The drug product is a tablet in three strengths: 125, 250, and 500 mg. Doses should be calculated so that whole tablets will be used (rounded to the nearest whole tablet). Tablets are not swallowed directly but are dispersed in 3.5 oz of liquid for doses < 1 g or in 7.0 oz of liquid for doses > 1 g. Patients should drink the resulting suspension. The suspension should be used immediately after preparation.
Pharmacology and Toxicology
Deferasirox is a member of the tridentate iron chelator class of drugs. Two molecules of deferasirox bind one ferric atom.
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion
Deferasirox was rapidly absorbed following single oral doses in mice, rats, dogs, marmosets, monkeys, and humans. The drug and its iron complex were extensively bound (> 98%) to plasma proteins in all species tested, including man. Whole-body autoradiography tissue distribution studies in rats showed the highest levels of radioactivity in the gastrointestinal tract and excretory organs (liver, kidneys, and intestine). Regardless of the route of administration, deferasirox was excreted predominantly via bile/feces in all tested species. Renal excretion of deferasirox and its metabolites was approximately 8% of the administered dose.
The major target organ of deferasirox toxicity in all tested animal species was the kidney; toxicity in other target organs (eye, heart, gastrointestinal tract) varied according to species. Deferasirox was not tumorigenic in rats and transgenic mice.
In humans, peak deferasirox plasma levels were achieved 1 to 4 hours after oral administration. The mean maximum blood concentration (Cmax) and area under the concentration—time curve (AUC) values of deferasirox and its iron complex increased in a dose-related manner within a dose range of 2.5 to 80 mg/kg. Deferasirox steady-state was achieved after 3 days of daily dosing. The drug's terminal half-life ranged from 8 to 16 hours following oral administration. In vitro metabolism studies in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes have shown deferasirox to be primarily metabolized by glucuronidation, with an acyl-glucuronide being the major metabolite.


Nuclear power equipment safety and reliable operation has important social meaning and economic significance, especially some scale is huge, and the mechanism is complex, the impact of decommissioning major and the nuclear safety and to protect public health plays an important role in the equipment, to ensure their safety and reliable operation has an important meaning and the higher maintenance demands.
At the same time, the nuclear power equipment maintenance has maintenance field condition multifarious, difficult, short construction period, quality, safety and technology requirements higher characteristic, so to meet maintenance objectives, the nuclear power plant equipment especially the key and important equipment, the urgent need to adopt more advanced, and more scientific strategy for repair.
Meta analysis method is a more popular on the same theme of multiple independent test results are comprehensive statistical method. At present, it is a very effective comprehensive analysis method, and has already developed mature in many domestic and foreign industries and fields.
This paper based on the Meta analysis thought optimization equipment maintenance strategy, working to improve nuclear power equipment especially the key and important equipment maintenance more scientific, reliability and security.
This content is only available via PDF.
You do not currently have access to this content.


text:
Anyone can be get lucky, but to have consistent success in the whitetail woods you need strategy, experience, reconnaissance, and some understanding of how deer live. One today's episode I focus on how you can define deer movement in order to multiply your chances for success, while spending little to no money.
- Deer are creatures of habit, and to be consistently successful you need to both learn their habits and how to influence those habits.
- The main ways to impact deer movement are by cutting trails, building mock scraps, digging water holes, planting food plots, and adding cover.
- Cutting trails can help by creating a path of least resistance in areas that are thick and hard to move through.
- Mock scrapes can give deer a focal point to come to and stop at along a trail or in a movement area.
- Water holes help in the same way a mock scrap when used on dry parcels or on high ground.
- Food plots, especially small ones like 1/2 an acre to 1/8 of an acre, can give deer a place to browse on their way to more substantial food supplies. I recommend a perennial crop, something cheap and low maintenance, like clover.
- Adding cover can create bedding areas and give deer more peace of mind for traveling through or eating in an area. One of the worst habitats is open woods in all directions, deer need places to hide.
- Even if you are unable to add any of these habitat improvements, the more you know about them, the better you can read naturally occurring ones and use them to your advantage.


Should I Add My Daughter to My Bank Accounts? No.
Should I Add My Daughter to My Bank Accounts? No.Adding adult children, relatives, or friends as joint owners on bank accounts is a popular practice among the elderly. What they may not realize is that this opens themselves up to unintended consequences and risks that we cannot legally or easily fix. (The following does not pertain to joint ownership of accounts with a spouse.)
Why Add a Joint Owner?
Why is it a common practice to add adult children as joint owners on bank accounts?
 - Bill Pay: Most often their goal is to make it convenient for their children to help them pay their bills. By being a joint owner, the child can write checks or send payment from their parents' accounts.
 - Estate Planning: They may wish to leave an inheritance to that child. On the death of one joint owner, the surviving owner becomes the sole owner of the bank account.
 - Medicaid Asset Protection: Many people mistakenly believe that if they add a joint owner to an account, the "State" (i.e., Medicaid/ALTCS) won't count the funds against their eligibility. This is false—Medicaid assumes a jointly held asset is 100% property of the Medicaid recipient unless he/she can prove the other owner contributed all or a portion of the funds.
Should I Add My Daughter to My Bank Accounts? No.Typically, the elderly customer relies on the advice of their bank officer to meet those goals. Adding joint owners is tempting because of its convenience and simplicity—the bank officer can easily update the account ownership. However, the decision deserves consideration of a much broader perspective.
Why Not Add a Joint Owner?
What consequences of the elderly adding their adult children as joint owners of their bank accounts?
 - Creditors: If two people own the same account, they own the same account, for better or worse. The funds in jointly-held accounts are subject to collection by creditors of either owner, such as:
 - High medical bills due to a catastrophic illness,
 - Liability for rear-ending another vehicle,
 - Bankruptcy,
 - Divorce, and
 - Debt-collection.
 - Estate planning: Maybe the elderly person added a joint owner for convenience, but did not understand the impact joint-ownership has on their estate planning. They may have more than one intended beneficiary. However, the surviving owner becomes the sole owner, despite the terms of the deceased owner's will or trust. And, what if the adult child should predecease the elderly parent? With no back up plan in place, the accounts may wind up in probate with unintended beneficiaries.
 - Theft: This risk is more obvious. Unfortunately, it happens too often, usually by those closest to the elderly person. "Theft" is a strong word. However, if it is not for your direct benefit, what else do you call using your funds without your consent? Still, it is not theft if you make your child a joint owner—your money is their money. In your perspective, it may be just for convenience; in your joint owner's perspective, it may be an early inheritance. I have seen too many sad situations, where there is no recourse (police, courts, etc.) because the elderly person opened the door for their joint owner to legally do whatever they wanted with their funds without consulting them. It may be easy for the co-owner to commingle expenses, or worse, just take the money.
 - Not Easy to Undo: Once you add a joint owner to an account, you need their cooperation to remove them as joint owner, even if it was originally your account and your funds.
 - Long Term Care/Medicaid(ALTCS): Most people do not appreciate how expensive long term care is until actually faced with that situation. Even if the withdrawals by the joint owner are insignificant, they add up quickly and deplete your funds. Too often the child with the best intentions to take care of Dad the rest of his life eventually can't handle him alone. Dad may pay the price when he can't afford his care and is penalized when he applies for Medicaid (ALTCS) long term care assistance.
Better Alternatives to Joint Account Ownership?
Should I Add My Daughter to My Bank Accounts? No.There are solutions to help you meet your goals of bill-pay assistance, leaving an inheritance, or Medicaid planning, and avoid the pitfalls of adding your children or those close to you to your accounts.
 - Signing Authority: Maybe you name your child as just a signer on an account, not an owner. Then it is not his/her money and less at risk.
 - Power of Attorney: Better yet, use a Power of Attorney to give your child broader authority to not only help you pay bills, but solve problems, such as why you were over-charged for something, whether your health insurance covers a particular treatment, or help you take your required minimum distribution from your IRA before the end of the year. They can help you sell your property if you are downsizing or moving into a care facility. They can communicate with your doctors to help you understand their recommendations. The list of benefits of a Power of Attorney goes on and on. Your money is still your money—they are just your helper, and cannot legally take your money for their own benefit without your express permission.
 - Payable on Death Beneficiary: You can name a Payable on Death (POD) beneficiary on most accounts or assets if you are concerned about avoiding probate.
 - Will or Trust: Better than just one POD beneficiary to ensure you have a back up plan, use a will or trust instead. In fact, a living trust may be one of the most effective options for seamless, ongoing management of your assets on your behalf, in the event of your death or incapacity. It combines the benefits of all of the other alternatives named above (signor authority, death beneficiary designations, and Power of Attorney), during your life or death, in one document. And, banks are generally very receptive to trusts.
The bank officer is not a lawyer and is not always aware of the negative side effects of joint ownership. Please consult an attorney before you add your children, relatives, or friends as joint owners of your accounts, investments, or property.
This just highlights the importance of consulting elder law attorneys for even seemingly simple decisions, such as addition a joint owner on a bank account. Not sure if your "small question" is worth reviewing with an attorney? Just call us and we will give you an honest answer if we think we can help. The advice may be worth every penny to have peace of mind and avoid problems it may cause you and your loved ones.