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Today is the start of National Papaya Month, which means one immediate thing: There's a papaya shake in my near future.
The beauty of papaya, the fleshy fruit that's never cloyingly sweet, is that it loves citrus as much as it loves dairy and sugar.
Drop papaya chunks into a blender with cold water and lime and you've got a tart, refreshing shake. Or blend the fruit with milk and your choice of sweetener and the result is creamy delicious.
Some of my favorite ways to enjoy ripe Florida papaya:
- Chilled, sliced lengthwise (as you might slice a wedge of honeydew melon) and served with a generous sprinkling of lime.
- Blended with water, lime juice and a touch of sugar, and poured into an ice cube tray. Pop out a frozen cube and slurp it as you would an ice pop.
- Ripened and smashed into cream or half and half with honey or sugar, and poured into a rectangular, freezer-proof container to make a homey gelato.
- Cut into cubes while still firm and simmered in a simple syrup of water and sugar with a cinnamon stick, until the fruit is tender and the liquid is thickened. Cool and serve with a wedge of cream cheese.
- Diced into a salsa, and added to chopped red onions, jalapeños, minced cilantro. Toss with lime and a drizzle of olive oil.
- Blended with either milk or water into a frothy shake. Add straw and levitate in bliss.
A few tips:
- For a sweeter fruit, look for papayas that are hot yellow and rather soft to the touch.
- Slice the fruit down the middle, lengthwise, and with a spoon scoop out the seeds. Cut the halves into sections and peel each section with a paring knife.
- Store fresh-cut cubes in a sealed container for up to four days, depending on how the ripeness of the fruit.
- You can toss the seeds or use them to grow your own papaya plant.


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IVsHierarchyRefactorNotify Interface
Notifies the hierarchy of refactoring operations.
Namespace: Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell.Interop
Assembly: Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell.Interop.8.0 (in Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell.Interop.8.0.dll)
public interface IVsHierarchyRefactorNotify
The IVsHierarchyRefactorNotify type exposes the following members.
Public methodOnAddParamsCalled after a method had parameters added.
Public methodOnBeforeAddParamsCalled when a method is about to have parameters added.
Public methodOnBeforeGlobalSymbolRenamedCalled when a symbol is about to be renamed.
Public methodOnBeforeRemoveParamsCalled when a method is about to have parameters removed.
Public methodOnBeforeReorderParamsCalled when a method is about to have parameters reordered.
Public methodOnGlobalSymbolRenamedCalled after a symbol is renamed.
Public methodOnRemoveParamsCalled after a method had parameters removed.
Public methodOnReorderParamsCalled after a method had parameters reordered.
To support refactoring operations, your project system must implement the IVsHierarchy, which represents a hierarchy, IVsProject, and IVsHierarchyRefactorNotify interfaces. You also must implement a language service to provide support for the features associated with editing of the source code including the refactoring operations. For more information about the language service, see Language Service Interfaces.
By implementing IVsHierarchyRefactorNotify, you provide your language service with the capability to notify the IVsHierarchy interface about refactoring operations, such as symbolic renaming or parameter reordering. If the hierarchy uses build providers, single file generators or some other services to generate code, it must obtain a reference to the object that implements the IVsRefactorNotify interface.
Each project system and a language service define a specific way of obtaining a reference to the IVsRefactorNotify object. For example, the Visual Basic and Visual C# desktop project systems obtain a reference to the object that implements IVsRefactorNotify by calling IUnknown::QueryInterface on the object that implements IVsSingleFileGenerator. The Visual Basic and Visual C# Web project systems call QueryService by using a Guid registered under the HKLM\Software\Microsoft\VisualStudio\8.0\Projects\{project-system-guid}\FileExtensions\{file extension}\RefactorNotify registry key. The hierarchy passes the notification to the IVsRefactorNotify object to incorporate the refactoring operation into the designer file or to stop the operation and return an error message via IErrorInfo. The designer file can be any of the input files provided by Visual Studio, such as.resx,.xsd,.settings,.map and.myapp files or any other file extension associated with a code generator or build provider.
To successfully complete the full refactoring operation, the hierarchy must check out the files passed to the IVsHierarchyRefactorNotify and the files returned from corresponding IVsRefactorNotify method calls.
The hierarchy must display an error message in the message box when the refactoring operation fails.
Flow of Operation
 1. The user invokes symbolic renaming or any other refactoring operation.
 2. The Visual Studio language service determines which code files the operation affects.
 3. The language service calls IVsHierarchyRefactorNotify.OnBefore methods to notify the hierarchy which files are affected by this operation.
 4. The hierarchy determines if any affected files are generated from the designer files.
 5. If files are generated, the hierarchy obtains a reference to the object that implements IVsRefactorNotify and sends the IVsRefactorNotify.OnBefore notifications to the IVsRefactorNotify implementer for each generated file.
 6. The IVsRefactorNotify implementer can stop the operation by returning a failure and setting an error by calling the M:Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell.Interop.IVsUIShell.SetErrorInfo(System.Int32,System.String,System.UInt32,System.String,System.String) method. If the IVsRefactorNotify implementer does not want to stop the operation, it determines which designer files the operation affects and returns the set of files to IVsHierarchyRefactorNotify in the out array, VSITEMID.
 The IVsRefactorNotify implementer must not update the designer files at this point. The files must be updated during the second call to the IVsRefactorNotify.On methods, for example, during the OnGlobalSymbolRenamed method call. The IVsRefactorNotify.OnBefore method calls enable the hierarchy to check out the generated files as a unit. The hierarchy has the option to stop the entire operation before any changes are made, if one of the code generators cannot consume the refactor operation.
 7. If the IVsRefactorNotify implementer returns a failure, the hierarchy must alert the user about the error. The hierarchy can continue the operation or cancel and stoop the refactor operation. If the operation is stopped, the HRESULT contains the following values:
 8. If the IVsRefactorNotify implementer returns successfully or the caller requests to continue on failure, the hierarchy must check out the files passed to IVsHierarchyRefactorNotify and files returned from corresponding IVsRefactorNotify methods calls.
 Some refactor operations do not cause changes in the designer file and, therefore, the designer file is not automatically checked out. The IVsRefactorNotify implementer must request a check out of the designer file, if the content is changed by the identified refactoring operation. This is accomplished by returning the VSITEMID that identifies the designer file in the out array. An example of a scenario where a designer file does not need to be checked out is when a namespace, which is stored outside the designer file, changes. The designer file does not need to be checked out even though the generated code file has changed.
 9. After checkout, the hierarchy returns from the IVsHierarchyRefactorNotify.OnBefore call to the language service.
 10. The language service carries out the refactoring operation.
 11. The language service notifies the hierarchy about the completion of the refactoring operation by calling the IVsHierarchyRefactorNotify.On methods, such as OnGlobalSymbolRenamed, and the hierarchy notifies all IVsRefactorNotify implementers by calling the IVsRefactorNotify.On methods, such as OnGlobalSymbolRenamed. The equivalent refactoring change is made in the designer files. This assures that the refactoring operation remains preserved.
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According to the release, children are susceptible to the irritation — which can cause painful and itchy skin eruptions — after repeated use of wooden toilet seats or those with harsh cleaning chemical residue.
Johns Hopkins Children''s Center investigator Bernard Cohen, M.D. said: "Toilet seat dermatitis is one of those legendary conditions described in medical textbooks and seen in underdeveloped countries, but one that younger pediatricians have not come across in their daily practice. If our small analysis is any indication of what''s happening, we need to make sure the condition is on every pediatrician''s radar."
Cohen says that toilet seats and cleaners — both at home and school — may be the culprit for irritation.
To prevent toilet seat dermatitis, Cohen recommends: Using paper toilet seat covers in public restrooms; replacing wooden toilet seats with plastic ones; cleaning toilet seats and bowls daily; and avoiding harsh cleaners containing skin irritants like phenol and formaldehyde, the story noted.
Lead Researcher Ivan Litvinov, Ph.D. said: "Some of the children in our study suffered for years before the correct diagnosis was made."
Researchers also noted that persistently irritated skin is vulnerable to bacteria and may lead to more serious infections, the story added.
Click here to read the complete article.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


When we were young, our history professor would tell us about the importance of looking at our past in order to understand our present. This is part of the reason why we hold our memories so dearly; because it is innate in us to make sense of the now.
The many episodes of our lives lead us to believe in the power of photos and videos.
Much like how we capture our lives in different braces and brackets, we find that there should be a balance in savoring everything as memories, and that of living them. Each time we do that, our past may start to make sense, allowing us to have equilibrium in our lives.
Encapsulated in film and cards are
activations of our senses.
In that perfect balance, one thing is consistent: it is that we live! Buhi translates as live. It is a Visayan word that pays homage to the origin of Studio Buhi's founders. The promise to bring to life, and have people seeing, touching, smelling, tasting, and hearing in captured images and videos is, in every sense, a Studio Buhi original.


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Have material to donate? Email our Curatorial Selection Team at _EMAIL_.
What's in this research guide?
Protest and dissent have been a part of Australia's history since the arrival of the First Fleet. They have shaped many important social and cultural changes within this nation and continue to do so to this day. As a collector of all things important to Australia's social, cultural, and political history the National Library of Australia has amassed several collections relating to protest and dissent in Australia.
In this research guide you will find tips for researching topics using our collections, information about collection materials and suggestions for other reliable resources. On this page you will find a few tips and hints to help you search our catalogue and Trove.
It is important to note that the number of protests that have occurred on Australian soil is too vast for this guide to cover all of them. The highlights in this guide represent a sample, focusing on movements that the Library has a large amount of supportive material on. If you wish to find out more about a protest that is not listed here, we suggest following up with us through Ask a Librarian.
Tips for searching the catalogue for Protest and Dissent materials
- Start simple and choose a few distinctive words. Use words that relate to the event you are researching (for example, searching for Ballarat 1854 will bring up results for the Eureka Stockade as this was where it took place). Ensure all words are spelt correctly, otherwise no results will appear.
- Narrow your results after your first initial word search, using the options on the right side (format, E-resources, author, subject area, series, decade, etc.). Some of the best results come from a simple word search with one option applied to narrow results (for example, searching for the Vietnam War with the pictures options to narrow results).
- When you find a result that you like, look at the subject headings in the record and use them to find other materials on the same topic. They might be general, such as Protest movements -- Australia., or very specific, such as Eureaka Stockade, Ballarat, Vic., 1854. or Black lives matter movement -- Australian Capital Territory -- Canberra -- Photographs.
If you are searching more broadly on the topic, it can be useful to start by using subject headings such as Protest movements -- Australia, Social movements -- Australia or Social change -- Australia.
Tips for searching Trove for Protest and Dissent materials
- You can use the Categories tab in Trove search to identify specific types of protest material. Archived newspapers are always useful, but you might want to look further afield to Images, Maps & Artefacts for visual records of protest. The Web Archive is an excellent place to find online records, news and websites for contemporary movements and protest, such as Schools Strike for Climate or the George Floyd protests. Historical snapshots of websites such as UN Youth Australia or Amnesty International Australia can show you point-in-time information, from the David Hicks national day of protest to approaches voicing dissent during COVID-19 lockdowns. Where available, there are archived websites from as early as 1996.
- Trove is a discovery service for both the Library's collection materials and those which belong to other libraries, galleries, archives and museums. As such, it can lead you to historical collections held by other institutions. Many of Australia's university libraries and archives have online material or records of their physical collections, which often include records of student politics and campus protests. The Melbourne University Archive is one example which includes records and links to resources from the Malcolm Fraser collection. This collections includes materials relating to protesting the Vietnam war, censorship protests, French nuclear testing in the Pacific and much more.
- When searching contemporary journal articles, news sources and archived websites for information about protest movements, slogans and hashtags can be an effective way to identify material. For example, the phrase "Convoy of No Confidence" was frequently used to describe the 2011 Anti-Carbon Tax Rally, and more recently 'March4Justice' for the gender equality rallies, or _TAG_ for the 2021 anti-vaccine rallies in Australia.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Color lock is a process for reconstructing the color signal of primarily PAL-encoded U-matic tapes (Low and High Band) on playback. If the signal frequency is off, "the colour subcarrier will shift phase for the duration of one line, which means that colours will be reproduced incorrectly."1 The result is quite noticeable:
A colour gradient stretches from the left-hand edge to the right-hand edge of the image, with a narrow achromatic area down its vertical center axis. More precisely, all scan lines start at the left-hand edge of the image with a colour shift specific to each hue. Colour saturation drops to zero towards the centre of the image, then rises to reach maximum saturation in the complementary colour hue at the right-hand edge of the image.2
Black-and-white recordings and NTSC recordings are not susceptible to loss of color lock. However, if an NTSC recording "is played back on a multi-standard player with a colour lock control set in the wrong position, colour disappears completely and a characteristic diagonal herringbone pattern occurs."3
Can it be fixed?
Adjust the color lock control on a PAL playback device until the color is rendered correctly. If these adjustments do not resolve the artifact, try the same adjustments while playing a test tape in the same device. If the test tape's colors can be rendered correctly, then the tape recording has uncorrectable defects; however, if the issue persists while playing the test tape, then the device needs servicing.
1. Johannes Gfeller, Agathe Jarczyk, and Joanna Phillips, "Loss of colour lock" in Compendium of Image Errors in Analogue Video (edited by Swiss Institute for Art Research, Zürich: Scheidegger & Spiess, 2012), p.56, videos 5 & 6. ↩
2. Gfeller et al, "Loss of colour lock." ↩
3. Gfeller et al, "Loss of colour lock." ↩


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Posted by Denis Borris on November 11, 2002 at 15:37:10:
In Reply to: insect word problem posted by Sheila on November 10, 2002 at 17:46:30:
: Help, please. I have a word problem concerning insect larvae survival. Soon after they hatch, they must search for food. The survival rate depends on many things and environmental temperature is one of them. For a certain speces of insect, a model of the number of larvae N(T) that survive the searching period is given by N(T) = -0.6T^2 + 32.1T - 350 where T is the temperature in degrees Celsius. I have to answer the following questions:
: a. At what temperature will the maximum number of larvae survive and round my answer to the nearest degree.
: b. What is the maximum number of surviving larvae and round my answer to the nearest whole number.
: c. Find the x-intercepts to the nearest whole number, for the graph of this function.
: d. Write a sentence that describes the meaning of the x-intercept in the context of this problem.
: I am totally clueless as to how to work this in order to answer these questions. Any help would be appreciated.
Post a Followup


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Bearded dragons, hailing from the deserts of central Australia, are well adapted for living in hot, unforgiving habitats. Bearded dragons require bright and warm conditions during the daytime. Provide it with a combination of incandescent heat lamps and full-spectrum fluorescent bulbs. Deserts cool off greatly at night, and bearded dragons are usually comfortable without a nocturnal heat source.
Heat From Above, Not Below
Bearded dragons are heliothermic -- sun loving -- lizards who have evolved to derive heat from above rather than from the earth. Accordingly, you should use incandescent lights at one end of the cage to provide heat, and UVB-producing bulbs as well so that they can use their dietary calcium. The surface temperatures directly under the basking light should be about 110 degrees Fahrenheit.
Chilling for the Night
To prevent stressing your lizard, you must turn off the lights for 10 to 12 hours each night and allow the cage to cool off through the night. Bearded dragons easily cope with nighttime temperatures in the 60s, so typical room temperatures will suit them perfectly at night. If you must use supplemental heating at night to keep the temperatures in this range, opt for overhead ceramic heating elements that do not emit light.
- BananaStock/BananaStock/Getty Images


instrument is that you generate sound in real time. When you pull a string on a guitar you immediately hear the chord out loud. We could not afford to have our office musicians wait longer than half a second before they heard the first note and the next after. Trial 1: Access Pin Via REST API The data that's generated when you touch your plant is available via REST API because the Arduino Yún supports an Internet connection. The size of each encoded frequency is 160, so we needed to make a rest call 160 times just to get the value of a single frequency. You can read about making REST API calls to an Arduino Yún here. Trial 2: JSON Our second option was making the Arduino structure the data before it returned it. When the user touches the plant, the Arduino Yún has the ability to structure an array of size 160 that stacks the data from the selected analog pin which the user calls. The client makes the call: myArduinoYun.local/arduino/plants.json And the array that is created from that is returned: [{1:153},{2:186}, …. {159:78}] Although this reduced our original 160 calls down to 1, there was still a three-second delay because the Arduino was internally structuring that data into a stacked array. Trial 3. Bridge / {Key:Value} The Bridge library is a great predefined function on the Yún which allows communication between Arduino and Linux. By invoking the Bridge.put method in your code, the data is saved to the Arduino captures as a 160 key-value pair array in the internal storage of the Linux. Then you can simply access each value by calling: _URL_ And the Yún, or server side, returns the value inside the key slot in an array: For example, invoking the call: _URL_ would return 78. This was still not good enough. There was a delay in the auditory response averaging 1.6 seconds and 5 in its worst-case scenario. Trial 4: Shell Command Since the Linux side of the Yún supports the shell command, this allowed us to write a lump of data to an micro SD card inside the Arduino. We used a single line of code: p.runShellCommand(echo "data" >> /mnt/sda1/arduino/www/logger/plant.json). This was by far the longest running time we encountered, taking from 10 to 27 seconds before we got auditory response. What We Learned Although we did not end up using the Arduino Yún, we learned it is a great tool with many capabilities. It can be fast but not optimal for a project that requires real-time interaction. The connection will always be limited to the speed of the network. It did not help that our project dealt with such large amounts of data for each individual reaction to a frequency. We are still hatching out a way to incorporate the Yún into our project because we believe there is still a lot of room for exploration with its capabilities and will write an update soon. In the meantime, here are the instructions to re-create our project with an Arduino Uno and a computer. What You Will Need Circuit board from Mads Hobye Computer Speakers Copper Wire Arduino Processing Minim Library for Processing A Windowfarms stand for the plants (optional) Plants 1) Install Arduino, Processing, and the Minim Library onto your computer. 2) Download our code from the Co.Labs GitHub page, an adaptation of Mads Hobye's Arduino Touche. 3) Build the circuit board from the Arduino Touche Instructable following the instructions here. We looked around and found the best shopping choice for the components you'll need: Arduino (We used an Uno) USB cable Breadboard Resistor 10k Resistor 1M Omh Resistor 3.3k Capacitor 100pf Capacitor 10nf Diode 1N4148 diode Coil / inductor: 10mH Copper Wire Paper clip 4) Plug the USB cable to the Arduino board and your computer to run the Arduino code you downloaded. 5) Open and run the Processing code from our GitHub. 6) The paper clip should be hooked to your copper wire attached to your circuit board. Place the paper clip inside the dirt of your plant. 7) Check to see what values your plant is sending to the Processing console window. If you are not getting any value, check your circuit board and make sure your paper clip is securely inside the dirt. 8) Optional: If you want to pick the sounds your plant makes when it is touched in different places, add your own MP3 files inside the data folder inside your Processing sketch. We got our sounds from this open source website. 9) Compose your own symphony with your new musical plant! Update: A Way To Make The Project Independent With The Yun We found a way to cut out the Mac component for making this DIY. This time, you will need an Arduino Yun instead of the Uno. The solution was simple. All we needed was a little USB Audio Adapter that can be purchased at any Best Buy or online retailer like Adafruit for under $15 dollars. Since the Arduino Yún has its own Linux support, Linino, it can pretty much be treated as its own independent computer. By writing the music to the SD card, and adding a simple line of code, brought to our attention by Mikamai developers, p.runShellCommand("madplay /mnt/sda1/guitar1.mp3"); we had music playing on your Yún within seconds, no Mac necessary. Be sure that after you install the opkg update and the kmod-usb audio mentioned in the tutorial above, you also install the opkg madplay. This is what will allow you to play music. Also, note that since we no longer have the mac to power the Yun, now you'll need to attach any compatible external batteries. Natalia Rodriguez Tue, 18 Feb 2014 21


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Painting Common Painting Idioms
A selection of articles related to painting common painting idioms.
Original articles from our library related to the Painting Common Painting Idioms. See Table of Contents for further available material (downloadable resources) on Painting Common Painting Idioms.
- The Religious Experience: A Wiccan Viewpoint
- What is religion? Religion is a set of beliefs which allow us to understand and categorize our world and our place in it. A set of beliefs which define our culture, our expectations, our views of people and behaviors we expect. I have found several different...
Religion & Philosophy >> Religions
- All One People
- Standing in their Circle, a group of people reverently turn to face and address the four directions. They call to their Great Mother and Great Father, giving thanks for their many gifts. The Circle is blessed with sweet smoke from sacred herbs and becomes a...
Religions >> Paganism & Wicca
- Archetypal Astrology
- Jungian Psychology | Archetypal Astrology | The Myths The Horoscope What is below is like what is above. And what is above is like what is below, so that the miracle of the One may be accomplished. -Tabula Smaragdina This is not an explanation of all the...
Mystic Sciences >> Astrology
- Pagan Mythology
- Is the traditional story presented as an historical event that serves to illustrate part of the world view of a people or explain a practice, belief, or natural phenomenon. The mythological beliefs a culture shares gives shape to its actions and choices....
Paganism & Wicca >> Holidays
- Story of the Celts: The Ancient Celts
- The Ancient Celts [ 8 ] What is surprising to most modern readers is just how widespread across Europe the Celts once were. The Celts have been called the "Fathers of Europe," that is north of the Greco-Roman Mediterranean. Long before the Germanic...
History & Anthropology >> Celtic & Irish
Painting Common Painting Idioms is described in multiple online sources, as addition to our editors' articles, see section below for printable documents, Painting Common Painting Idioms books and related discussion.
Suggested News Resources
- Remembering George Martin, Shaper of the Beatles
- Just as Debussy and Ravel, in Martin's words, "painted with sound," using the various instruments of the orchestra, he and the Beatles used a studio palette in a metaphorically similar, if technologically distinct, way.
- Facing Injured Grizzlies, Cavs Lead With Their Jugular
- (A self-explanatory idiom if ever there were one.) That is if you weren't suffering déjà vu from Saturday's first quarter against... This is common knowledge, and why Allen's always invited to take midrange shots.
- Writing Yourself Into Existence: Tunde Adebimpe And Doseone Discuss Nevermen
- He's just in his own idiom. Seeing a performer like Michael Jackson, or when I was 13 or 14, seeing Public Enemy doing some tour after Fear Of A Black Planet.
- Get clicking with Zest
- "The idiom, 'A picture is worth a thousand words', was coined over a century ago and interestingly holds true more today than it ever did. The written and spoken word is receding on two...
- An Epic Takedown of Élite Brospeak
- Serial eavesdroppers may have noticed something alarming recently—more alarming than usual, anyway—in the public uses of a common adjective: "epic." The word....
Painting Common Painting Idioms Topics
george grant education and teaching
the sworn book of honorius
tales of symphonia cooking


Meaning of anthericum in English:
Pronunciation /anˈθɛrɪkəm/
 - Any plant of the genus Anthericum (family Asparagaceae) or formerly belonging to it, which have rhizomatous or tuberous roots, narrow leaves, and bear racemes or panicles of star-like, usually white flowers; a spiderwort. Also (in form Anthericum): the genus itself.
 Valid publication of the genus name: Linnaeus Species Plantarum (1753) I. 310.
Mid 18th century; earliest use found in John Hill (bap. 1714, d. 1775), physician and actor. From scientific Latin Anthericum, genus name (LinnaeusGenera plantarum 303) from classical Latin anthericus flowering stem of asphodel (Pliny: see below) + scientific Latin -um, neuter ending.


Time estimate:
5 minutes
Do you have an older smartphone laying around that's not being used? Does your business have a shared employee tablet sitting next to the register? Installing Numa on shared devices is a great way to provide access to any employee who might not otherwise install Numa on their personal phone.
It's a common misconception that Numa can only be installed on individual's phones or that Numa only works on devices that themselves have cell service or a phone number. Numa works great on any device that has internet access, including WiFi-only devices.
Approaches for setting up shared devices
This article describes two recommended approaches for incorporating shared devices into your Numa Messaging account.
Approach #1: Invite each shared device as a new user
This is the most common approach and is appropriate for most businesses.
 - Easy to set up
 - Once set up, nobody has to log in or out. The device is always ready to use
 - Can't track which employee sends each message -- all employees will be messaging from a shared account
 - Requires you to have an extra unused email address you can assign to the device
 1. Within Numa, go to Settings > Manage Staff (requires manager permissions)
 2. Create a new user with a memorable name (e.g. "Company iPad") and an unused email address
 3. Check the email address you provided for an invitation to create a password and join Numa
 4. Download the Numa app onto the shared device
 5. Use the email address and password you created to sign in to Numa on the shared device. Done!
Approach #2: Employees log in and out of the shared device using their own accounts
This approach is appropriate for businesses that need a higher level of tracking over which employees are responding to which messages.
 - Can easily track which employee sent each message or handled each conversation
 - When signed in, each employee gets their own familiar view of their inbox, settings, and available permissions
 - Employees have to be diligent about remembering to log in and out on the shared device
 - Switching accounts can become tedious if multiple employees are sharing the device during one shift
 1. Download the Numa app onto the shared device
 2. When an employee wants to use Numa on the shared device, they simply sign in to their individual Numa account
 3. When the employee is done using Numa for the day, or it's time for another employee to use Numa, they sign out
Did this answer your question?


text:
A lock failure would hurt U.S. farmers who use the waterways to ship their products and also U.S. consumers who eventually buy those products. In addition, farmers and consumers would see prices for fuel and coal increase.
Visit _URL_ to view a map that shows what a lock failure could do to farmers in your area.
The new, interactive map was recently developed by the soy checkoff to make information about this critical issue more accessible as well as more specific to local areas.
That information was compiled recently in soy-checkoff-funded research that shows the importance of the U.S. inland waterway system to U.S. soybean farmers. According to the checkoff's most recent study, U.S. waterways make a staggering impact on U.S. farmers' bottom lines as well as on the price U.S. consumers pay for food. The new, interactive map shows the effect a failure at each of five locks on the Ohio, Mississippi and Illinois rivers would have on U.S. soybean and corn prices.


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Overview - TOUCHMATH-FIRST GRADE SUBTRACTION KIT
TOUCHMATH is a multisensory approach to teaching math in which students interact with numbers on paper by seeing, saying, hearing and touching numbers as they arrive at the right answers without guessing. Teaches math facts by using auditory reinforcement, flashcards, and timed tests.
These are the kits PCI has in stock:
- Readiness Kit: Classification; spatial relationships; basic sets; comparative thinking; matching; same/different; more/less; 1 to 1 correspondence.
- Counting Kit: Counting 1-20; number recognition; TouchPoint patterns; writing numerals 1-20; sets; ordering numbers; 1 tocorrespondence.
- Addition Kit: TouchPoint patterns; addition sums to 18; 1 to 1 correspondence; addition with pictures, TouchPoints, and no cues.
- Story Problems Kit: Relating words and numbers; addition story problems; subtraction story problems; two-step word problems.
- General Math Kit: Time; money; shapes; sizes; fractions; patterning; days/months.
- Subtraction Kit: TouchPoint placement; subtraction facts; double-digit subtraction; missing numbers; number families; place value.
- Addition Kit: Review TouchPoint placement; single-digit through three-digit addition; regrouping; long column addition; place value to 999.
- Subtraction Kit: TouchPoint placement; single-digit through three-digit subtraction; regrouping; place value to 999.
- Story Problems Kit: Key words; relevant/irrelevant information; mixed addition and subtraction; two-step problems; writing problems; group solving.


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Downloads: 125 | Views: 181
Review Papers | Dental Science | India | Volume 7 Issue 1, January 2018
A Detailed Study on the Role of Photographic Objective in Dental Photography
Shamphavi.S | Aphara.S
Abstract: At present, photography plays a critical role in dental practice. Dental photography assists dentists in treatment planning, communicating with patients and to keep a track on treatment proceedings. To achieve the expected results in each of the above stage, it is important to capture the images with better resolution. The resolution depends upon the selection of lens. Even with best camera and good photographic skills, dental practitioners wont be able to produce a good image without a right lens. This article emphasizes the significance of lens in dental photography. At present, lens plays crucial part in determining the image quality. Recently, lens-less camera which could produce a 3-D image was developed. This study also covers the future of lens-less camera in dental photography.
Keywords: Dental, Photography, Resolution, Camera lens, lens-less camera
Edition: Volume 7 Issue 1, January 2018,
Pages: 2030 - 2032


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Definition of agrochemical in English:
A chemical used in agriculture, such as a pesticide or a fertilizer.
- Even the ground water is unfit for drinking due to large-scale application of fertilizers, pesticides and agrochemicals in the tea gardens.
- These were further developed in the 1960s when agro-industrial complexes were set up to grow crops as well as producing fertilizers, pesticides, and other agrochemicals.
- However, adverse effects of high input agriculture have been recognized, as fertilizers and agrochemicals discharged from agriculture cause surface water pollution.
Definition of agrochemical in:
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Sheep breeders could benefit from new gene insights
September 20, 2017
Why are sheep the way they are?
Whether you enjoy pondering abstract questions about the nature of things or not, scientists sure do. And scientists wondering why sheep are the way they are have recently gained new insight, which they hope will help farmers raise stronger, healthier and more productive flocks.
At the Roslin Institute, part of the University of Edinburgh in Scotland, researchers studying the genome of sheep have identified which specific genes are turned off and on in different parts of the body. Their findings could help breeders create animals that are immune to diseases and that produce higher quality meat and wool. The new insights also explain the function of previously-not-understood genes.
"Sheep are a central part of the rural economy in the U.K. and are essential to sustainable agriculture across the globe," said Dr. Emily Clark, who coordinated the research. "The new resource represents a major step towards understanding how the sheep's genetic information influences its physical traits, and provides a foundation to use this information to generate sustainable improvements in the productivity of livestock animals."
How'd they do it?
The scientists got their results by looking at sheep RNA. RNA allows cells to produce protein by becoming "DNA photocopies" of the cell, which then translate the genetic code into protein using parts of the molecule called ribosomes.
RNA also functions as a guide to which genes are expressed in different parts of the body at any point in time, so the team was able to read the total amount of RNA produced in each tissue in the sheep's body.
The results of the research are available on the Functional Annotation of Animal Genomes (FAANG) global online database, a collaboratively built resource that provides information on genes and genomes to scientists anywhere in the world. The database is for scientists working to understand the "functional elements" of already-sequenced genomes, underpinning "improvements in the livestock sector, contributions to medical research, animal health and welfare, the evolution of domestication, and the understanding of natural animal populations."
"This is the largest resource of its kind," said Dr. David Hume, a lead researcher on the project. "Ongoing comparative analysis will provide insights to help us understand gene function across all large animal species — including humans."
For information about NEOGEN's genomics services, click here.
Category: Genomics


text:
Investing in European food companies presents clear environmental and social risks as well as considerable opportunities (the sector as a whole should benefit from further population growth).
As a bottom-up, long-term investor, we have developed a valuation tool that factors ESG considerations into investment decisions to find companies able to generate sustainable value.
Assessing the opportunities and risks
Estimates indicate a gap of nearly 70% between the amount of food available today and that required by 2050.
Closing this gap, while improving the quality of our food, protecting the environment, replenishing strained resources, recognising the value of those who farm the land and wasting less along the food chain, will be part of private and public sector policies over the next thirty years.
- Environmental risks:
Agriculture represents approximately 10% of greenhouse gas emissions in the EU and the US. The extensive use of monocultural fields has led to biodiversity loss. Nutrient degradation and erosion affect soil quality. Resource depletion and pollution to water and air are also concerns.
- Economic and, hence, social risks:
- Large food producers and distributors shifted the balance of power, now reaping most of the pricing power to the detriment of farmers.
- Political instability (e.g. 2014 Russian ban on EU food products, end of European milk quotas) has led to sharp falls in prices of certain food products, further impacting farmers' revenues.
- More rigorous environmental and animal-welfare standards have raised farmers' costs significantly over the past ten years.
- Consumers are eating less meat – very few categories, like poultry, are still growing.
- Farmer-led protests often impact the economy as a whole.
Integrating opportunities and risks into models
As a proxy for gauging the sustainability of a company's business model, we look at whether it creates value for its stakeholders: suppliers/society/states, people, investors, clients and the environment (SPICE). The SPICE model structures our financial and ESG research work and is fully integrated into our proprietary research and valuation tool.
Each company in the investment universe is given a SPICE rating, and the fund manager reviewing the stock is responsible for keeping the analysis up-to-date. The SPICE rating is used to adjust a stock's beta:
Impact of integration
The table below shows food-related examples of how ESG issues, which represent over 65% of our SPICE rating, have affected companies' adjusted beta.


Subscribe English
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English Translation: "White-Sausage"
1. n. type of German sausage, usually colored a light pink or white.
2. n. slang term used to describe the penis of a white male humanoid; usually used in conjunction with other German words and phrases.
Meine weisswurst ist groB! (My white-sausage or penus is large!)
by Jason Martin March 09, 2004
3 0


Search Ask the Dietitian
 1. I like to snack on dry roasted peantus. Are they really fattening? Answer
 2. Please evaluate the nutritional content of fruit roll snacks. Answer
I like to snack on dry roasted peanuts. I only eat a handful at a time. Are they really fattening? I thought peanuts were a good source of protein.
I've been asked your question frequently. So out of curiosity, I poured several handfuls of dry roasted peanuts. The average number of peanuts was 40 (1/4 cup) and I have small hands!
Every 10 whole dry roasted peanuts have 45 calories, five grams of fat and two grams of protein. So every handful of peanuts you eat has 180 calories, 20 grams of fat and eight grams of protein. This would be equal to four pats of butter and one ounce of meat. However, peanuts are lacking in three essential amino acids and therefore, not a complete source of protein like meat.
Remember that any food eaten to excess can be stored by your body as fat. Protein foods like meat can be stored as fat as well. The fattening effect of food is reflected in increases in your body weight. Your body weight can fluctuate about three pounds with changes in water levels in your body. Pay attention to any weight increase over five pounds and start reducing your daily food intake by 500 calories per day until your weight stabilizes at your normal body weight.
Dry roasted peanuts also contain significant amounts of sodium in the form of added salt. There are several brands of reduced sodium peanuts available. Try them to reduce your salt intake.
Please evaluate the nutritional content of fruit roll snacks. My children love them, but I'm concerned because they taste so sweet.
Most fruit roll snacks have 50 to 100 calories per serving and 12 to 21 grams of carbohydrate. The analysis is similar to fruit. A medium apple has 60 calories and 15 grams of carbohydrate.
In reading the list of ingredients however, I found more than fruit. Maltodextrin, sugar, natural flavor, vegetable shortening, citric acid, mono and diglycerides and spice were also listed.
These products seem expensive for just eight fruit roll snacks per box. Go to your grocery store and check the price of eight pieces of the same fresh fruit against the price of one box of eight fruit rolls in the same flavor as the fresh fruit. Decide for yourself, which is a better buy for the money. Remember though, food is not nutritious until it gets into the body.
I found the fruit rolls to be sweet tasting. Also, they were quite sticky to the teeth. Both sweet and sticky foods increase tooth decay. Dentists have now listed sweet sticky fruits, including fruit rolls and raisins as causing cavities. I am more concerned still about candy and sugary desserts than fruits and fruit rolls.
The snack choices you have are fresh fruit, canned fruit in fruit juice or fruit rolls. I would suggest you offer children a variety of fresh fruit cut in small pieces for snacks first. However, you can make your own fruit rolls or leathers by following this recipe I found in "Taming the C.A.N.D.Y. Monster" by Vicki Lansky. Use fresh apples, peaches, pears or nectarines to make this fruit roll snack.
Fruit Leathers Recipe
The fruit can be the "too hard to eat" variety or the "too ripe and the last piece" variety. It even works on canned fruit, which is well drained. Use mashed or pureed fruit. Two methods work well.
First is the blender way. Peel and core fruit, blend until smooth and then cook 5 minutes in a saucepan over medium heat.
Second method is the freeze/defrost method. In advance, peel and core fruit and place it wrapped in the freezer. Remove from freezer an hour before using. Cook in a saucepan, mashing with a fork as you go. Cook 5 to 10 minutes. If very watery, drain. While cooking, add 1 tsp. of honey for each piece of fruit you are using. (Cook the different fruits separately, though you can cook one piece or a dozen of the same type at one time.)
Lay out clear wax paper or cut open small wax bags on a cookie sheet or broiling tray. Use one wax paper for each piece of fruit you have cooked. Spoon mixture onto the wax paper, staying away from its edge. Spread as thin as possible. If you spread another piece of wax paper over the mixture and press down with a wide spatula, it helps to make the fruit evenly thin. Be sure to remove this top sheet of wax paper before drying.
Place your tray in the oven (at night, we suggest), turned on to the lowest possible heat or with just the pilot light on. Leave overnight (6 to 8 hours). The wax paper should not melt. If the fruit is dry by breakfast, remove the fruit leathers from the oven (if not, cook a little longer) and roll up the wax paper (with the dried fruit) as if it were a jelly roll.
Cool, peel and eat. It will last several months this way, if your children don't discover it, that is.
Search Ask the Dietitian


text:
On the eve of Independence Day, the Shrink turns to post-election stress.
There are three things you can do with your post election stress. The first two are:
- Speak out
- Shut upBoth of these methods work to some extent, but can also cause stress. Speaking out can cause stress when there is no positive effect, so people often try the second method; but that causes stress when they feel cut out of the conversation. Luckily, there's a third method. Rather than choosing or alternating between the two, you combine the two. I call this method:
Here I am in a video in the Speaking for Justice Series of Higher Group Productions. I briefly talk about post-election stress and statescraft.


text:
How do I create and manage multiple organizations in Zoho Books?
Zoho Books allows you to create multiple organizations under a single account.
To create a new organization:
- Click on your organization name present on the top-right corner and select the Manage option.
- In the page that follows, click on the New Organization button.
- Enter your organizational details in the New Organization form. Once you finish setting up, you will be taken to the dashboard of your new organization.
- If you wish to switch between your organizations, click on your organization name present on the top-right corner and choose the organization to which you would like to switch from the drop-down.


text:
- Position your mouse pointer over the image.
- Click the right mouse button.
- Select the "Save Picture As" or the "Save Image As" menu item.
- Enter the directory and name of the file to create.
Need a World file?
Click the "World File" link located above the
image on the right to obtain the geographic reference
coordinates of the above image. Use your browser's File.SaveAs
menu option to save the World File to the same directory where
you saved the image. Make sure World File extension is
It takes a few
moments to construct a single image from the image tiles you
were viewing. The repeating "Your image is being constructed..."
message will be replaced with your image. Please be patient.
Once the image is
displayed, use your web browser's save picture or save image
function to copy your image to a location on your computer
system. On Microsoft Internet Explorer, you can save the image
by clicking on the image with the right mouse button.
A pop-up menu will
be displayed. Click the "Save Picture
As" menu item. On FireFox, right-click on the
image and select the "Save Image
As" menu item.
The web browser
will display a "Save Picture As" window. There will be "File name:" field
on the bottom of
the Save As window. Change the name of the file to your liking
and click the Save button. Windows
users, you should make sure you end your filename with the.jpg. All
images downloaded from
Microsoft MSR Maps are in the Jpeg image


text: The back of this wooden chair, which belonged to the scribe Reniseneb, is handsomely veneered with ivory and embellished with incised decoration showing the owner seated on a chair of identical form. It is the earliest surviving chair with such a representation, and it is the only non-royal example known. The scene and accompanying text have funerary import and may have been added following Renyseneb's death to make the chair a more suitable funerary object. The high quality of its joinery and the harmony of its proportions testify to the skill of ancient Egyptian carpenters. The mesh seat has been restored following ancient models.


Utilities for turn-based games
It is recommended that you read the Get Started tutorial before progressing with this tutorial.
Turn-based games often require more detailed control over which nodes that units can traverse as well as the cost for traversing those nodes, which may vary between units. On the other hand maximum pathfinding performance is not always needed since most units will be stationary at any one time.
It is possible to update all movement costs and similar attributes for nodes in the graph before every path request however this is not a particularly clean solution so this package provides some other ways to do this.
If you need even more control you can take a look at the ITraversalProvider section.
Blocking nodes
The most common scenario is that one wants to block certain nodes from being traversed by some units but not by others. For example in a turn based game one usually want to prevent units from standing on the same tile, however a unit should obviously not be blocked by itself.
For this purpose the BlockManager component and the accompanying SingleNodeBlocker component exist. The SingleNodeBlocker is intended to be used as an easy way of blocking specific nodes where each SingleNodeBlocker component blocks exactly one node. The BlockManager component will keep track of all the SingleNodeBlocker components and allows the creation of TraversalProvider instances which can be used in paths to specify additional nodes that are blocked.
A separate example of this can be viewed in the example scene called "Turnbased". This example scene depends on pro features however so it is not included in the free version of the package. The features mentioned in this tutorial do not require the pro version.
In this tutorial we will create a new scene and a few scripts to test the API.
Create a new scene and save it in your project, name it "TurnBasedTest" or whatever you feel like. Add a new GameObject and name it "BlockManager" then select it and attach the BlockManager component to it.
Now add a sphere and place it at (1.5, 0, 2.5). This will put it right in the center of a node. Add the SingleNodeBlocker script to it and assign the BlockManager component we created earlier to the "manager" field on the SingleNodeBlocker component. Make sure you delete the collider on the sphere because otherwise the sphere will be detected as an obstacle anyway and we want to use the SingleNodeBlocker for that. Create another GameObject and name it "A*", then add the AstarPath component to it (Menu bar -> Pathfinding -> Pathfinder). You can add a large plane to the scene if you want, just to have something to have as a ground plane. Add a Grid Graph to the AstarPath component and set the "Unwalkable when no ground" setting to false. If you click the Scan button now you should see a small empty grid with a single sphere. Note that the sphere does NOT block any node in the graph by itself.
Now we want that SingleNodeBlocker to actually block some position, so create a new C# script named "BlockerTest.cs" and add this code:
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
using Pathfinding;
public class BlockerTest : MonoBehaviour {
public void Start () {
var blocker = GetComponent();
Add that new script to the sphere that we created earlier. When the game starts, that script make the SingleNodeBlocker component tell the BlockManager that it now occupies the node at that object's position. This is not enough however because no path knows that a node has been blocked yet.
To actually calculate a path we will create a new script called "BlockerPathTest.cs" which should contain this code:
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Pathfinding;
public class BlockerPathTest : MonoBehaviour {
public BlockManager blockManager;
public List obstacles;
public Transform target;
BlockManager.TraversalProvider traversalProvider;
public void Start () {
// Create a traversal provider which says that a path should be blocked by all the SingleNodeBlockers in the obstacles array
traversalProvider = new BlockManager.TraversalProvider(blockManager, BlockManager.BlockMode.OnlySelector, obstacles);
public void Update () {
// Create a new Path object
var path = ABPath.Construct(transform.position, target.position, null);
// Make the path use a specific traversal provider
path.traversalProvider = traversalProvider;
// Calculate the path synchronously
if (path.error) {
Debug.Log("No path was found");
} else {
Debug.Log("A path was found with " + path.vectorPath.Count + " nodes");
// Draw the path in the scene view
for (int i = 0; i < path.vectorPath.Count - 1; i++) {
Debug.DrawLine(path.vectorPath[i], path.vectorPath[i + 1], Color.red);
This script will calculate a path every frame from its own position to the target's position while using a TraversalProvider that was created to make the path avoid any obstacles in the specified list.
The BlockManager.TraversalProvider has 2 modes. AllExceptSelector and OnlySelector. If the AllExceptSelector mode is set then all nodes blocked by SingleNodeBlocker components will be treated as unwalkable except those in the specified list. This is useful if you for example want a unit to avoid all units except itself, or maybe you want it to avoid all units on its own team but no opponents. When the OnlySelector is set then all nodes which are blocked by SingleNodeBlockers in the list will be treated as unwalkable. For performance reasons it is a good idea to keep the selector list relatively small.
Create a new GameObject with the name "Target" and position it at for example (3.5, 0, 3.5). Also create a GameObject named "Path Searcher" and add the new BlockerPathTest component to it. Move the object to the position (-2.5, 0, 3.5) and assign the "Block Manager" and "Target" fields. Now press play, you should see a red line that goes from the "Path Searcher" to the "Target". Note that it passes through the sphere as if it was not there. This is because we haven't added it to the "Obstacles" list on the searcher.
If you stop the game and then add the sphere's SingleNodeBlocker component to the list and press play again you should see that it is now being avoided.
Now we could expand this easily to for example create a number of red spheres and a number of blue spheres and make two searchers where one considers just the blue spheres as obstacles and one considers just the red spheres as obstacles. You can see this in the video below.
The above system works for simple cases and is pretty easy to use. However for more complicated cases it is better to use the ITraversalProvider interface. Any path can be assigned a traversalProvider which has two methods bool CanTraverse (Path path, GraphNode node);
uint GetTraversalCost (Path path, GraphNode node);
The CanTraverse method should just return true or false depending on if the unit should be able to traverse that node. The GetTraversalCost method should return the additional cost for traversing that node. By default if no tags or penalties are used then the traversal cost is zero. A cost of 1000 corresponds roughly to the cost of moving 1 world unit.
As a reference, the default implementation would be
public class MyCustomTraversalProvider : ITraversalProvider {
public bool CanTraverse (Path path, GraphNode node) {
// Make sure that the node is walkable and that the 'enabledTags' bitmask
// includes the node's tag.
return node.Walkable && (path.enabledTags >> (int)node.Tag & 0x1)!= 0;
// alternatively:
// return DefaultITraversalProvider.CanTraverse(path, node);
public uint GetTraversalCost (Path path, GraphNode node) {
// The traversal cost is the sum of the penalty of the node's tag and the node's penalty
return path.GetTagPenalty((int)node.Tag) + node.Penalty;
// alternatively:
// return DefaultITraversalProvider.GetTraversalCost(path, node);
By implementing a custom ITraversalProvider you can change the penalties however you want to suit your game's rules. Note that the grid graph for performance reasons removes all connections to unwalkable nodes, so even if you would remove the "node.Walkable &&" part in the traversal provider a path on grid graphs would still not traverse unwalkable nodes. You can only make nodes unwalkable, not make unwalkable nodes walkable again.
If multithreading is enabled the ITraversalProvider's methods will be called from a separate thread. This means you cannot use any part of the Unity API (except things like math) and you need to make sure your code is thread safe.
When you have implemented an ITraversalProvider you can assign it to a path like was done above. var path = ABPath.Construct(...);
path.traversalProvider = new MyCustomTraversalProvider();
You can find another example of how to use the ITraversalProvider here: CircuitBoardExample.cs


text:
Emission Prediction with Detailed Chemistry 2019-01-2215
Numerical modeling of engine combustion products requires detailed chemistry and therefore large computational resources and time. This becomes a constraint when engine optimization at system level is desired. In this paper, a 1D modeling approach is proposed for fast computation to predict emission level at various engine running conditions. A new chemical solver within 1D framework is developed along with suitable reduced chemical mechanism. The reduced reaction scheme is validated against detailed chemistry on 0D and 1D reactors. It is confirmed that the new fast 1D solver achieves more than 100X speed improvement. Now larger mechanisms can be used for better accuracy with reasonable turnaround time. This methodology allows virtual engine emission map generation, with a refined emission map completed within 12 hours of computational time. When a transient response is considered, the critical first 600 seconds of FTP driving cycle is calculated within 1 hour, based on a reduced fast running 1D model.


text:
Disruption of DNA replication, recombination, and repair (DNA-RRR) systems has been hypothesized to cause highly elevated nucleotide substitution rates and genome rearrangements in the plastids of angiosperms, but this theory remains untested. To investigate nuclear-plastid genome (plastome) coevolution in Geraniaceae, four different measures of plastome complexity (rearrangements, repeats, nucleotide insertions/deletions, and substitution rates) were evaluated along with substitution rates of 12 nuclear-encoded, plastid-targeted DNA-RRR genes from 27 Geraniales species. Significant correlations were detected for nonsynonymous (dN) but not synonymous (dS) substitution rates for three DNA-RRR genes (uvrB/C, why1, and gyrA) supporting a role for these genes in accelerated plastid genome evolution in Geraniaceae. Furthermore, correlation between dN of uvrB/C and plastome complexity suggests the presence of nucleotide excision repair system in plastids. Significant correlations were also detected between plastome complexity and 13 of the 90 nuclear-encoded organelle-targeted genes investigated. Comparisons revealed significant acceleration of dN in plastid-targeted genes of Geraniales relative to Brassicales suggesting this correlation may be an artifact of elevated rates in this gene set in Geraniaceae. Correlation between dN of plastid-targeted DNA-RRR genes and plastome complexity supports the hypothesis that the aberrant patterns in angiosperm plastome evolution could be caused by dysfunction in DNA-RRR systems.© The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.
Journal: Genome biology and evolution


text:
Definition of ametropia
n. - Any abnormal condition of the refracting powers of the eye. 2
The word "ametropia" uses 9 letters: A A E I M O P R T.
No direct anagrams for ametropia found in this word list.
Words formed by adding one letter before or after ametropia (in bold), or to aaeimoprt in any order:
s - ametropias
All words formed from ametropia by changing one letter
Browse words starting with ametropia by next letter


text:
16 Ships Pollute More Than All Cars in the World
Just 16 of the worldâ€™s largest container ships can produce more pollution more than all the cars on the planet.
In an editorial report in Britain's Daily Mail, an award-winning science writer Fred Pearce, author of Confessions of an Eco Sinner, writes that the super-ships that keep the West in everything from Christmas gifts to computers pump out killer chemicals linked to thousands of deaths because of the filthy fuel they use.
"As ships get bigger, the pollution is getting worse. The most staggering statistic of all is that just 16 of the world's largest ships can produce as much lung-clogging sulphur pollution as all the world's cars."
In today's world ships are used to transfer everything from oil to electronics and as the demand for cheap consumer goods increase, so does the number of ships needed to transport goods around the world.
Thanks to the International Maritime Organization (IMO) rules, the largest ships can each emit as much as 5,000 tons of sulfur in a year -- the same as 50 million typical cars, each emitting an average of 100 grams of sulfur a year.
With an estimated 800 million cars driving around the planet, that means 16 super-ships can emit as much sulphur as the world fleet of cars.
Ship emissions expert James Corbett of the University of Delaware calculates a worldwide death toll of about 64,000 a year. He expects that figure to rise to 87,000 deaths a year by 2012.
[source: Daily Mail]
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text:
In front of a famous background of stars and galaxies lies some of Earth's more unusual trees.
Known as quiver trees, they are actually
aloe plants that can grow to tree-like proportions.
The quiver tree
name is derived from the historical usefulness of their hollowed branches as dart holders.
Occurring primarily in southern
Africa, the trees pictured in the
above 16-exposure composite are in
Quiver Tree Forest
located in southern Namibia.
Some of the tallest quiver trees
in the park are estimated to be about 300 years old.
is light from the small town of
Far in the distance,
arching across the background, is the majestic
central band of our
Milky Way Galaxy.
Even further in the distance, visible on the image left, are the
Small Magellanic Clouds,
smaller satellite galaxies of the Milky Way that are
prominent in the skies of
Earth's southern hemisphere.
Credit & Copyright:


text:
The poplar tree is common throughout Europe. Foresters
like it because it is fast growing. As a crop, however, it
has a drawback in that the properties of its fibres are not
quite ideal for the biggest potential market - pulp for paper
products. As a result, Europe imports large amounts of eucalyptus,
which fits the bill perfectly. Researchers in France, Germany,
Sweden and the United Kingdom think they may have the answer.
Using genetic manipulation techniques, they have produced
poplar hybrids that offer the promise of much improved properties
for the pulp producers. The researchers have set out on the
path of commercialising their results, selecting the genes
that they believe will give the best results and testing the
properties of the resulting hybrid trees.
Trees of the populus genus - poplars to you and me - grow freely throughout the Northern hemisphere. Arabidopsis, on the other hand, is a small flowering plant that is widely used as a model organism in plant biology. It is a member of the mustard (Brassicaceae) family, which includes cultivated species such as cabbage and radish. Arabidopsis is not of major agronomic significance, but it offers important advantages for basic research in genetics and molecular biology. A point not lost on Dr Catherine Perrot-Rechenmann. Dr Perrot-Rechenmann is co-ordinating the 'POPWOOD' project and the humble arabidopsis plays a key role in the team's efforts to improve the properties of the poplar tree as a cash crop in European silviculture, using genetic engineering techniques.
But why poplar, and why arabidopsis? "Poplar is rapid growing, will prosper virtually anywhere in Europe, and its timber is almost perfect for the production of pulp for the paper industry," explains Dr Perrot-Rechenmann. "The important word here, though, is 'almost'. It doesn't quite get top marks. As a result, Europe imports huge quantities of eucalyptus, which fits the bill perfectly." How then, can arabidopsis help? "It is one of the few plants that has been fully genomically mapped," she says, "and although it bears little physical similarity to the poplar, genetically, it is very close. It has a very quick'seed-to-seed' cycle time - just six weeks - and therefore represents a fertile source of genetic material. Using it as a source of novel genetic resources, we believe that we can improve the poplar, to the benefit of foresters throughout Europe."
Taming the gene genie
A noble aim. There are, however, widespread - and probably well-founded - worries of genetically modified species cross-pollinating with neighbouring crops, producing unwanted hybrids. "Not a problem," Dr PerrotRechenmann reassures us. "Our plan is to produce a poplar crop that can be harvested at the age of seven years - before it flowers for the first time, so no contamination is possible. Doing this, we even avoid the need to replant. The stump of a young tree, when felled, will simply start over again and produce new growth."
It is a question of modifying the vascular system - the fluid conducting mechanism that helps govern the features of all life as we know it. In particular, the scientists involved in this project are investigating the properties of vascular tissues, such as outer wall thickness and xylem cells (the primary water transport and wood-forming units). If they are right, they could alter fibrillar nature of poplar cells so that the tree could be tailored to give just the right properties to make it an attractive crop.
Soft cell, hard cell?
Work is progressing well, and the team is confident it
can succeed. The breadth of the project does not, however,
stop there. "Our colleagues in Sweden have been working
hard on perfecting software modelling techniques," explains
Dr Perrot-Rechenmann. "These should allow us to use young
cells, apply three-dimensional simulation algorithms, and
develop computer images of the cell structure of a mature
tree, based on evidence available from young specimens.
We have vastly improved our knowledge of vascular development
and wood formation, and we can now engineer transgenic poplars
with enhanced fibre and wood properties."
The technology is still in its infancy. "We still have a
long way to go," admits Dr PerrotRechenmann, "before the
results of this project have a significant impact on the
European citizen. What we have learned so far, though, leads
us to believe that young trees - just a few years old -
can be a viable crop."
In the meantime, the partners are busy preparing the path
towards future commercial implementation of their results.
They have selected genes that regulate vascular properties,
manipulated vascular development within hybrids, and evaluated
the properties of the fibres produced by these transgenic
Does this all sound a little frightening? Perhaps. But do
not be too concerned. Breeders of domestic animals have
been doing this since the Stone Age. Prime specimens have
always been mated with other best of breeds. The workers
in this project are simply speeding up the process for trees.
We have completed our screen of mutant libraries having
screened 4000 Landsberg erecta and 2000 Columbia M2 mutant
plants. The screen was carried out entirely using chemically
(ethyl methyl sulphonate) mutagenised plants. Large scale
expression analysis on microarrays using poplar ESTs has
provided invaluable information on the pattern of expression
of about 6000 EST. Knock out mutants have been identifi
ed within the LAX gene family by screening of the SLAT Arabidopsis
populations. Research in wood and fi bres has been limited
by lack of effi cient measurement methods. A set of characterisation
methods has been established, useful in tree improvement
programs for evaluation of properties of young hardwood,
|Project Co-ordinator: Dr Catherine Perrot-Rechenmann
Telephone: +33 1 698 23588
Address: Institut des Sciences du Végétal,
Group Auxin Perception and Transport
Avenue de la Terrasse, Bât 23
F-91198 Gif sur Yvette, Cedex FRANCE


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Olga Radko joined the UCLA Mathematics Department as a VIGRE Assistant Professor in 2002 after receiving her PhD from UC Berkeley. Her pioneering work on the complete classification of two-dimensional Poisson structures is well known in the field of Poisson geometry, where these objects are sometimes called Radko surfaces.
In 2007, Olga founded the Los Angeles Math Circle, and served as its director until her death in 2020, continuing to work even while hospitalized. LAMC was Olga's passion and her creative energies and administrative talent led the program on a path to remarkable growth and impact.
Olga inspired a generation of schoolchildren to pursue studies in mathematics and related fields. Over 1,500 children attended the Math Circle during its first 13 years of operation. More than 170 UCLA students worked as docents in the Math Circle over these years and have learned first hand the joys of sharing beautiful mathematics with kids of all ages. Her experiences teaching mathematics to young children have lead her to write two books Breaking Numbers into Parts, co-authored with Dr. Oleg Gleizer.
For the last 2.5 years of her life, Olga fought a hard battle against ovarian cancer. Despite being in continuous treatment for most of this time, she lost this fight on June 29, 2020.
Olga was a devoted wife and mother. She is survived by her husband Dima Shlyakhtenko, her mother and sister, and two sons, Victor and Robert. The world has lost a wonderful person and an irreplaceable gem.


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itself you can also make a separate BFS partition yourself and then copy over the contents of the image to that partition. You will need a platform supporting BFS to do that obviously, which leaves you with two possible options. Either you use a version of BeOS to do the setup with DriveSetup or mkbfs or you use Haiku itself with the Installer or DriveSetup. Once you've created and initialized the target partition you can mount the image (using tools like Mount Image or through the Terminal) and copy over all the files. If you are under Haiku, you can just as well use the Installer to make a duplicate of your currently booted installation.
3. Getting Bootable
Now that you have installed Haiku in some way or another there might remain steps to take to actually make this installation bootable. As you saw above, there are quite a few things involved when booting an OS. Some of the parts differ between OSes, not everyone might split boot loader and kernel, but essentially the steps are the same. Most of the things can and will be further automated when Haiku will be released, but others are more complicated and not within the power of Haiku.
3.1 Making the Partition Bootable
If you built from source directly to a partition the build system has most probably done the required steps to make the partition bootable automatically. If so you can skip this point and continue with configuring the boot manager below.
When you just create a plain partition and initialize it to a BFS filesystem or if you copy over a complete Haiku image, this doesn't necessarily make the partition bootable. The partition boot record may be missing, or the partition offset could be misconfigured. The prebuilt images for example contain a partition offset of 0 for example, since they are not actually partitioned. They only consist of a direct BFS filesystem, so the offset to that is 0. This will work in exactly one case, where you don't actually put it into a partition. If you for example copy such an image directly to a USB drive starting from 0, overwriting the MBR (destoying all partitions already there), then this will boot. If you however copy an image to the first partition on your harddisk, this will not work out of the box, as the boot code in the partition boot record won't find the desired filesystem at offset 0 (that's where the MBR still is).
To make sure a partition boot record is there and it contains the right partition offset, you can use the tool "makebootable". Makebootable will do both, write the partition boot code to the beginning of the partition and detect and write the partition offset to where it is needed. You can use the makebootable from BeOS if you have a BeOS installation that has access to the partition in question. To do that, mount the volume you have Haiku installed to and use:
Where "/HaikuMountpoint" is where you have mounted your Haiku volume to. Note that the BeOS makebootable can be used, because the partition boot record does only load the zbeos boot loader. As Haiku does provide a zbeos as well and there is no information passed from the partition boot code to the boot loader, this is compatible between BeOS and Haiku and you can use a BeOS makebootable with a Haiku boot loader and the other way around.
If you already have some Haiku medium capable of booting Haiku (like a USB drive) you could also boot into Haiku and run makebootable from there. Note that there is currently a bug in makebootable that will require you to run it from the location it resides in like so:
If you are on Linux or another build platform that has support for makebootable and have the sources available you can run:
jam run ":makebootable" /dev/sdaX
Where the "/dev/sdaX" is the partition that is supposed to be made bootable. Under Windows this is currently not possible.
3.2 Configuring the Boot Manager
When the partition itself is bootable, i.e. contains a partition boot record and the correct partition offset, there needs to be a way to get it executed. If you installed Haiku by copying an image to the complete beginning of a disk or USB drive, this will already be the case. There is no boot manager and no MBR at all, but straight the partition boot code, which should then work out of the box. So if you have it installed this way, go right ahead and boot.
If you use a boot manager like GRUB however, you need to instruct it to load from that partition. You do that for GRUB by adding an entry to its menu.lst usually located at "/boot/grub/menu.lst". The following would instruct it to switch to the partition and then just chainload the partition boot record:
That would work if you installed to disk "0" and partition "3". Note that the GRUB naming is one-off the Linux one, so if you have it installed to "/dev/sda4" that would translate to disk "0" (sda == 0, sdb == 1,...) and partition "3" (4 - 1).
In case you are using the BeOS boot manager, just re-run the "bootman" command and add the new Haiku partition to the boot menu.
If you have another boot manager consult its documentation on how to chainload partitions, most should support such a thing, possibly named a bit different. In doubt just add an entry for the partition, probably this will cause it to chainload, even if not explicitly named so.
4. Easy Installation through USB Drives
The above steps should get you going in most cases, but maybe sound a bit scary or involved. My personally recommended method that should work on most current hardware would be to make a dedicated USB drive like a USB memory stick to boot Haiku. To do that, you can take a relatively small USB drive that has enough space to fit the image onto. Then you just copy that image directly to the raw drive, not to a partition, replacing everything including the MBR, destroying all the partitions that were on there (see above as to tools to use). This is destructive and you can't use anything after the image size of that drive, but if you get some cheap small USB memory stick just for that purpose it's certainly one of the easiest ways to boot Haiku. Once you've booted Haiku you can also do an installation from there, initializing partitions with BFS using DriveSetup and using the Installer to do a proper installation. Note that you cannot currently create partitions under Haiku. Use your preferred partition tool to create a dedicated partition before booting Haiku. Note also that the Installer doesn't have a link in the Haiku menu, therefore just run it from the Terminal. If you additionally execute it from "/bin" this works around the makebootable problem, giving you the commands:
That should work and be pretty usable to boot devices that you have no other means to put Haiku onto otherwise. This works for example out of the box on the Asus EEE, but really should work for every USB bootable x86 machine. If it doesn't, please make sure that your issue is documented in a bug report at our bug tracker. We cannot fix it if we don't know that it's broken.
I hope this clears up some things. If nothing else this should get you a better starting point for troubleshooting if it indeed doesn't boot.


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Edited by Sean Hickey, Travis Derouin, Krystle C., Jack Herrick and 74 others
It may seen impossible to get an egg into a bottle, but with this article, you can amaze people and let them wonder how you did it!
- 1Get a glass bottle and a peeled, hard-boiled egg. Make sure the bottle has no liquid inside and that it is free of flammable substances.
- 2Stand the glass bottle upright with the opening skywards.
- 3Carefully light three matches. With extreme caution, drop them into the bottle. Wait a second or two.
- 4Quickly put the egg onto the bottle's opening, wide end up.
- 5Wait. After the matches go out, the egg will be pulled into the bottle. Then, amaze your friends.
- This trick works because when the matches burn, they heat up the air inside the bottle and release steam (water) as a part of the combustion reaction. This process causes the air inside the bottle to expand, forcing some out of the bottle. Once the egg seals the top of the bottle, the matches quickly run out of oxygen and go out. As the air in the bottle cools, the volume of air inside the bottle drops due to condensation of the water vapor (look for the little "cloud" inside the bottle just as the match goes out) and the cooling of dry air. When the volume of the air drops, it exerts less pressure on the egg, while the air pressure outside of the bottle doesn't change. The egg is pushed into the bottle once the difference between those forces is sufficient to deform the egg and overcome friction with the neck of the bottle.
- To get the egg out of the bottle again, see this article
- Most of the time the egg will be intact once it's been sucked in, but results will vary.
- You can also do this with a balloon. Stretch the opening of a balloon over the opening of the bottle and it will get blown up inside the bottle.
- Do not wait too long after you light the matches. They will burn out.
- The mouth of the bottle should be small, but still at least half the diameter of the egg.
- Want to leave the eggshell on the egg? Simply soak the egg in vinegar for 24 hours until the eggshell is soft and then follow the same instructions. Then wait another 24 hours and the eggshell will be hard again. You can even do this with a raw egg.
- If you have long hair, make sure to tie it back, because hair is flammable.
- Do not do this project if you don't know how to use a lighter.
- Do not attempt this over a rug or similar objects.
- If you are under eighteen, do NOT attempt this without adult supervision. Have the adult light the matches for you if you are unsure.
Edit Things You'll Need
- A glass bottle with a large enough mouth to admit an egg (see "Tips")
- 3 matches/lighter
- A hard boiled egg, peeled
- Safety goggles
Edit Related wikiHows
Recent edits by: Hannahbanana01234, Ciccio Veronese, Zach


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Definition of Grain field
1. Noun. A field where grain is grown.
Specialized synonyms: Corn Field, Cornfield, Wheat Field, Wheatfield
Generic synonyms: Field
Grain Field Pictures
Click the following link to bring up a new window with an automated collection of images related to the term: Grain Field Images
Lexicographical Neighbors of Grain Field
Literary usage of Grain field
Below you will find example usage of this term as found in modern and/or classical literature:
1. Irrigation Farming: A Handbook for the Proper Application of Water in the by Lucius Merle Wilcox (1902)
"6O—IRRIGATING A grain field. If the ground is moist it is not necessary to give the heading irrigation. Fig. 60 shows the process of flooding a wheat crop..."
2. Modern Sheep: Breeds and Management by William James Clarke (1907)
""I would choose a grain field and let it be a large one, that I intended planting to corn the following year. Then you need not plow until spring,..."
3. Light on the Old Testament from Babel by Albert Tobias Clay (1906)
"... sluices which are in the embankment of the Canal Sin, which reaches you over my grain field and over the rented grain field of rny servant Akhu-litia...."
4. Lawyers' Reports Annotated by Lawyers Co-operative Publishing Company (1905)
"So, insurance on a harvester operating "in e grain field and In transit from place hi connection with harvesting" does not covet a loss by Ore..."
Other Resources Relating to: Grain field


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Topic: Laser communication with Arduino (Read 1 time) previous topic - next topic
Some time ago, I constructed a small unidirectional communication system using a laser. I connected an Arduino to a laser, and other Arduino to a LDR sensor. The laser sends pulses of light, the other Arduino receives. The Arduino that emits, is connected to a netbook, and receiving Arduino is connected to a desktop computer. In the video you can see when I send the string "hola laser" (hello laser) from the netbook to the desktop.
Greetings! Sorry for the language of the video!
Interesting,looks like its working on a slow morse speed.Can you tell me more about it?
Whats the code look like and what sort of speeds of modulation and demodulation are plausible?
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How to Calculate Fixed Asset Turnover in NetSuite
Making the most of your NetSuite data
What is Fixed Asset Turnover?
Fixed asset turnover is a financial metric that measures the efficiency of a company's fixed assets. Fixed assets are assets that are not easily converted into cash and are used in the production of a company's goods or services.
Fixed assets include things like factories, machinery, equipment, and vehicles.
Fixed asset turnover is calculated by dividing the company's net sales by the total value of its fixed assets.
Fixed asset turnover is a good metric to use when comparing companies in the same industry.
How do you calculate Fixed Asset Turnover in NetSuite?
It can be difficult to calculate Fixed Asset Turnover directly inside of NetSuite; that's where Causal comes in.
Causal is a modelling tool which lets you build models on top of your NetSuite data. You simply connect Causal to your NetSuite account, and then you can build formulae in Causal to calculate your Fixed Asset Turnover.
What is Causal?
In Causal, you build your models out of variables, which you can then link together in simple plain-English formulae to calculate metrics like Fixed Asset Turnover. This makes your models easy to understand and quick to build, so you can spend minutes, not days, on your models.
A comparison of formulae in Excel and Causal
Causal lets you add visuals in a single click, letting you plot out graphs and distributions for metrics like Fixed Asset Turnover.
A gif showing how you can build visuals in Causal
Start building models with your
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What is a Homemade Bong
Homemade Bong Introduction
At the core, this is a smoking device, built at home, with the intention to function like a water bong, usually because there is no other way to smoke the herbs you have laying around. The funny thing is, most of the devices created could be considered homemade pipes if you want to get technical because often, water is not involved, likely out of convenience because making an official homemade binger is not always easy.
How to make a Homemade Bong
This is a question that cannot be answered with one single answer. That is because of the nature of this product – it is homemade and does not come with directions, although you can find some on the internet, ultimately it is just about working with what you have. This type of binger is where you get McGyver-like and hopefully construct something that can be used as a bong or at least a poor excuse of a pipe. Just make sure you have a mouthpiece, a place to pack and light the herb, plus some sort of tube or space for smoke to travel through.
Common Supplies for a Homemade Bong Idea
 - Plastic bottles in different sizes and shapes
 - Various Fruits & Vegetables
 - Aluminum Cans
 - Tubes of pens & markers
Cool Homemade Bongs
How to make a homemade gravity bong
The simplest and most effective homemade bong to construct is a homemade gravity bong.
1. Step
Get two plastic soda bottles. A two-liter bottle and a one-liter bottle work best.
2. Step
Cut the bottom off the smaller bottle, and cut the top off the larger bottle. Do not cut too much, you can always cut more. You will want to leave most of the larger bottle since it will be responsible for holding the water (in a similar process, you can fill a sink, a bucket or anything else to instead hold the water). Just be sure to leave enough of the small bottle because that is where the smoke builds up, similar to the interior of a glass bong. The more space in the bottle the more smoke that can build and the easier it is to operate. You really just need to cut the very bottom off of the small bottle.
3. Step
Now, take the cap from the small bottle and bore a hole in it. It may be easiest to splice an "X" in the cap first with a steak knife. You are going to cover that cap with aluminum foil, forming a bowl towards the interior of the cap – this cap will be screwed back on the bottle so be aware of which side is which. With the tin foil in place, finally, you will pop tiny holes in the foil bowl with a paper clip or a pin, even a thumbtack.
4. Step
There is a reason you are making the bowl inside the cap! Don't think you can do a shortcut and just put the foil over the top of the bottle opening. You can, but there are optimal ways to do things and with this is one way – with it the cap can be screwed back on the bottle to create a tight seal.
5. Step
You will want to make sure the foil is also secure around the cap so you can get suction. We don't recommend using any adhesive for a better seal, you're really just trying to McGyver something quick here.
6. Step
When all is cut properly, next, fill the two-liter, larger bottle with water. Again, in place of this 2 liter bottle you can use a large pot, a bucket, a sink, whatever you can fill with water.
7. Step
Now finally, load that homemade bowl piece! SLOWLY submerge the smaller bottle into the water but stop below the neck and mouthpiece part of the bottle. The further submerged the bottle, the more smoke that you will be able to bring into the makeshift bong.
8. Step
Once submerged, light the bowl, then SLOWLY pull your "pipe" out of the water. You will watch it fill with white smoke as you do. The pressure created by pulling the bottle upward will pull in air from the outside, as if you were taking a hit, but the pressure does it for you and the smoke comes into the bottle and stores in between the mouthpiece and water.
9. Step
When that bottle pipe is filled with smoke, screw that bowl off quickly (don't have it fully screwed on to begin with) and push the bottle back down inside the water just as you took it out. Again, pressure is at work here, except it is the opposite effect and it will push the smoke outward through the mouthpiece because of the incoming water. While pushing down, make sure to cover the bottle opening with your mouth and that is where the "bong" hit is taken.
You're sure to get a powerful hit, so keep that in mind when operating!
How to make a Soda Can Bong
This works just fine, even if people think it's so terribly ghetto or cracky looking. It's the quintessential homemade bong if you can even call it that. All you need to do is get a can and crush it right.
1. Step
Make the indentation in the center of the can simply by pushing down. Attempt to form a bit of a bowl formation, but don't go crazy – aluminum cans are super sharp when broken down.
2. Step
Next, on one of the indentation slopes, towards the center of the bowl formation, poke tiny holes with something – a thumbtack is really optimal for this, at least I have found.
3. Step
Now the aluminum pipe is made and all you do is place your herbal remedy over the holes and spark up. With this legendary soda pop can bong, you actually will get a huge hit, albeit a little harsh – if you bend the can right you can get a little water on the one side to create somewhat of a homemade bubbler.
How to make a Toilet Paper Roll Bong
This often is referred to as the most ghetto of all pipes in a pinch. In fact, it is effective at delivering a powerful, albeit harsh hit. The pipe is easily assembled with common items available most anyplace you might wish you had a bowl pipe, but do not. In fact it might be preferable to a clogged glass or metal pipe.
1. Step
Simply find a toilet paper roll. Make a cat happy if the roll full so that it doesn't go to waste. You'll need all the paper removed from the roll.
2. Step
Next, cut a little square out of the top of that toilet paper roll. This is where the homemade bowl piece will be placed so keep that in mind.
3. Step
You are going to take that trusty aluminum foil and form a bowl piece. Put it in the cut square and simply take a paper clip or pin and poke holes in the new found metal bowl – by the way, if you have a salt shaker head, that also can work, but it is not always an option.
Finally, tape that aluminum foil bowl piece into place on the roll, right into the little square that was cut out. Take care not to set anything on fire – including the roll – when you take your hit. All you do is put one end of the roll to your mouth and your hand over the other end. Next, take a puff as you would with any other smoking pipe or bong. When you want to clear the hit out, just remove your hand and pull.
How to make a Potato Bong
One often cultivated, rarely celebrated homemade bong is a potato. It's really quite simple, and the potato gets baked along with you.
1. Step
Hollow out the potato and bring out the inner sculptor. Simply create a hole at the top and another on the opposite side - you're trying to mimic the average glass pipe design here. Tunnel down from the top, but make sure it's a skinny tunnel. You don't want your buds falling inside of the potato. If that happens, add cheese, bacon and pop it in the oven. Bake at 375 degrees for 45 minutes.
2. Step
Next, place the herbs over the top of one hole, as if that hole is the bowl piece in the Roor bong you don't have. The hole on the other side acts as the mouthpiece and the tunnel between the two is well, that is where the smoke travels through. Once you have that built out just light up and get to it like Bob, no tin foil necessary.
Most people prefer to apply this same concept to an apple, which may taste better. But remember, you have to work with what you have and sometimes you may only have a potato.


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noun, plural phys·i·og·no·mies.
BEAT THE DOLDRUMS WITH THIS WORD OF THE DAY QUIZ!
Origin of physiognomy
OTHER WORDS FROM physiognomyphys·i·og·nom·ic [fiz-ee-og-nom-ik, ‐ee-uh-nom‐], /ˌfɪz i ɒgˈnɒm ɪk, ‐i əˈnɒm‐/, phys·i·og·nom·i·cal, phys·i·og·no·mon·ic [fiz-ee-og-nuh-mon-ik, ‐on-uh‐], /ˌfɪz iˌɒg nəˈmɒn ɪk, ‐ˌɒn ə‐/, phys·i·og·no·mon·i·cal, adjectivephys·i·og·nom·i·cal·ly, phys·i·og·no·mon·i·cal·ly, adverbphys·i·og·no·mist, noun
Words nearby physiognomy
Example sentences from the Web for physiognomy
The nude of the 19th century was often a tool for anatomical study: an intellectualized and idealized approach to physiognomy.'Masculin/Masculin,' a Retrospective of Male Nudity in Art, Opens in Paris|Sarah Moroz|September 25, 2013|DAILY BEAST
As for his wife, physiognomy championed her even in the face of their accusive talk.Cabbages and Kings|O. Henry
His combined features were commanding and prepossessing, his physiognomy indicating a gigantic intellect.Sages and Heroes of the American Revolution|L. Carroll Judson
The bias of his character, the visions of his reveries, and the cast of his figure and physiognomy, were decidedly military.The Entail|John Galt
All his activity was devoted to religion until he undertook his work on physiognomy.The Every Day Book of History and Chronology|Joel Munsell
It is quite evident that in the future the study of physiognomy is going to be pursued more vigorously than it has been.Twenty Years a Detective in the Wickedest City in the World|Clifton R. Wooldridge


What does this mean?
If you are seeing answer labels in your interview, with no text where a question would normally be, this can mean one of two things:
 - you have created a question point with labelled answer points but have forgotten to enter any text in the question body, or
 - a reference question you have created has 'broken'.
In this article we will walk you through the exact steps to follow when a reference question has broken.
Find out which reference question is broken
When you know exactly which reference question is broken, you can consider half your problem as solved!
How to check which reference question is breaking:
 - Go through your interview and try to notice which questions are placed before and after the broken reference question. You will be able to tell from the interview if this question is inside a pack reference or on the main path.
 - By now you would have gotten a rough idea where your broken reference question is. To make sure, jump into the editor and locate the reference questions that have exactly the same answer labels as the one you are seeing in the interview.
 - Type in some obvious text e.g. 'TEST1', 'TEST2' etc into the body of the reference questions you have identified.
 - Now go back and refresh the interview by right clicking and selecting 'Reload frame' and check if the text e.g. 'TEST1' comes up on the interview screen. Keep trying till you see this text on the interview screen.
 - Once you have located your broken it's a good idea to go into the editor and rename the label to something obvious so that you can easily find your broken reference question when you need to.
How to fix this issue
Here are some checks you can run on your reference question to pinpoint what the problem is, once you know what the problem is, it's almost always an easy fix:
 - Make sure that your answer points in the reference question are exactly the same as the answer points in the question you are referencing. This includes spaces and letter case.
 - Check that you have referenced the correct question, the image below shows where you can check this.
 - Make sure that you have assigned unique labels to all your questions (so that you are sure you are referencing the correct question.
 - Check that the reference question passes through the branch that the question that is being referenced is on.
With a bit of simple investigating you will find it easy to fix your broken reference question!
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