Presence (amplification)
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In an amplifier, a presence control boosts the upper mid-range frequencies to make the sounds of voices and instruments with similar tonal ranges seem more "present".[1]
On television production studio's sound desk, there can be several presence controls, for several different, switchable, frequencies.[2] There is a limit to the flexibility of such controls, and they are sometimes insufficient. If the degree of mis-match between microphones is great, simply increasing presence is not enough, and instead a sound engineer will use a graphic equalizer, sometimes several, each connected to an individual sound channel.[3]
Presence controls can also be found on electric guitar amplifiers. The first presence control on a Fender amplifier, for example, appeared in 1954 on the Twin. In 1955 it appeared on the 1/15 Pro-Amp, the 3/10 Bandmaster, the 2/10 Super,[4] and the 4/10 Bassman.[5] The original Fender presence control acted upon the amplifier's negative-feedback loop. As the level of "presence" was increased, so more and more of the higher frequencies in the negative-feedback loop were dumped to ground, leaving the low and mid-range frequencies. Increasing the presence resulted in there being less and less negative feedback on high frequencies. The effect varied according to amplitude.[6]
Later Fender amplifiers used a different presence control. The presence control on the 1975 Fender Super Twin did not modify the negative feedback loop, but was an active equalization circuit, controlling the 3.9 kHz frequency range. It had the ability to both amplify (boost) and attenuate (cut), unlike the earlier presence control.[6]
In a 3-way loudspeaker system, with tweeter, woofer, and mid-range speaker, a presence control is simply a volume control for the mid-range speaker.[7]
 1. ^ Lee Jackson (2008). Ultimate Bench Warrior. Music Dispatch. p. 75. ISBN 1-57560-445-0.
 2. ^ Alan Bermingham, Ed Boyce, Ken Angold-Stephens, and Michael Talbot-Smith (1994). The Video Studio. Focal Press. p. 126. ISBN 0-240-51392-4.
 3. ^ Alec Nisbett (2003). The sound studio. Focal Press. p. 199. ISBN 0-240-51911-6.
 4. ^ Donald Brosnac (1987). The Amp Book. Bold Strumer Ltd. pp. 34–35. ISBN 0-933224-05-2.
 5. ^
 6. ^ a b John Teagle and John Sprung (1995). Fender Amps. Hal Leonard Corporation. pp. 127, 223. ISBN 0-7935-3733-9.
 7. ^ Rudolf F. Graf (1999). "presence control". Modern Dictionary of Electronics. Newnes. p. 586. ISBN 0-7506-9866-7.


Quantum transport in a three-dimensional Weyl electron system
Yuya Ominato, Mikito Koshino
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
89 Citations (Scopus)
Quantum transport in a three-dimensional Weyl (massless Dirac) electron system with long-range Gaussian impurities is studied theoretically using a self-consistent Born approximation (SCBA). We find that the conductivity significantly changes its behavior at a certain critical disorder strength which separates the weak and strong disorder regimes. In the weak disorder regime, the SCBA conductivity mostly agrees with the Boltzmann conductivity, except for the Weyl point (the band touching point) at which the SCBA conductivity exhibits a sharp dip. In the strong disorder regime, the Boltzmann theory fails in all the energy regions and the conductivity becomes larger the disorder potential increases, contrary to the usual metallic behavior. At the Weyl point, the conductivity and the density of states are exponentially small in the weak disorder regime, and they abruptly rise at the critical disorder strength. The qualitative behavior near zero energy is well described by an approximate analytic solution of the SCBA equation. The theory applies to three-dimensional gapless band structures including Weyl semimetals.
Original languageEnglish
Article number054202
JournalPhysical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics
Issue number5
Publication statusPublished - 2014 Feb 6
 - 71.23.-k
 - 72.10.-d
ASJC Scopus subject areas
 - Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
 - Condensed Matter Physics
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Proposal for Improving the Performance of Longitudinal Acceleration of a Land Vehicle
The present study introduces a proposal to improve the longitudinal performance of a land vehicle through the adoption of an unusual traction control system. The system is capable of improving the transfer of engine power to the ground and reduces the complexity of the task being performed by the driver. High-performance vehicles are able to achieve high levels of longitudinal acceleration and, sometimes, the power excess leads to the spinoff of the drive wheels, which decrease the ability of the tires to generate force, and consequently the vehicle acceleration. The proposed system acts in addition with the motor control, through the derivation of the motor speed signal, and its control by comparison with a predefined value. The control can delay or even suppress the ignition of the engine. Thus, the rate at which the engine gains speed, and consequently, the rate at which the vehicle accelerates, is limited.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Leadership optimize
There are 10 decisions to make before you build your next PC
While building a custom system lets you tailor the components to meet your needs and hold down costs, you'll need to make some decisions first.
This post was originally published in the 10 Things Blog in August 2011.
Building PCs is a hobby that many tech enthusiasts enjoy. Even if building PCs is not your hobby, it is sometimes the only way to get a machine that exactly meets your needs or meets them at a reasonable price. Here are 10 things to think about when building your next PC, some of the choices you may have, and what to keep in mind when making these choices.
1: SSD vs. platters
At this point in time, I think the drive selections have more to do with performance than the CPU choice does. Modern CPUs have more than enough power for typical loads, but as the applications we use get bigger and the data they handle gets larger (video games, multimedia editing, giant-size Outlook PSTs, etc.), the drives can become the bottleneck.
Solid state drives (SSDs) are lightning quick, especially for accessing lots of small files at a time (like when the system boots). The price to pay is in the cost-per-gigabyte: They are many times more expensive on a per-GB basis than traditional drives. While there is debate about whether traditional drives are as fast reading long, sequential files or if the read/write limits on SSDs make them less reliable than the mechanical failures of traditional drives, the performance on typical usage is not a question.
One possibility, especially with an OS like Windows 7 or Linux that make it easy to separate data from applications, is to use an SSD for the main OS and application space and put user data on a traditional drive. That way, you can get both speed and disk size at a reasonable price.
2: Video card
People often tend to buy either too much video card or too little. Unless you are playing video games, the on-board video card should be sufficient -- so long as it has enough of the right kinds of ports and can meet your resolution needs. You should not need to devote too much system memory to it, either.
If you are playing video games, keep in mind that games are now putting the lion's share of the hard work onto the video card. There is a definite price curve on the video cards. You can often get last year's top-end models for a good price, and they will handle all but the most modern and intense games at reasonable settings (often the highest settings). If you are doing a lot of multimedia, numerical analysis, and other computationally intense tasks, check to see whether your applications can leverage the video card and, if so, what cards it is compatible with.
3: x86 or x64?
When installing the OS, there is no reason to not use the x64 version at this point, unless you have an extremely outdated application that refuses to run on it. And you should almost always install the x64 version of applications. That said, there are some things where you need to make a choice. Internet Explorer is an example. While it installs both versions, always use the x86 one -- the one labeled "Internet Explorer" instead of "Internet Explorer (64-bit)" -- because the modernized JavaScript engine in IE 9 is available only in the x86 version. Many IE users I've met have been baffled by the lack of speed in IE 9, and that was the reason.
Also, be very wary about installing Microsoft Office's x64 versions. Many, if not most, plugins still do not run under x64 Office, and it looks like they probably never will. The only reason to go for x64 Office is if you routinely work with monstrously huge files that the x86 version can't handle.
4: RAM density
Let's say your motherboard holds up to four DIMMs, each one with a maximum size of 8 GB, and supports Dual Channel RAM, and your goal is to have 8 GB of RAM. If you buy one 8 GB DIMM, you are leaving lots of room open to eventually fill the machine to 32 GB, but you are giving up the speed advantages of Dual Channel. If you buy two 4 GB DIMMs, you get the speed of Dual Channel. But if you want to get the full 32 GB in the future, you'll have to replace the two 4 GB DIMMs with an 8 GB DIMM. Personally, I like to buy the smaller DIMMs and get the Dual (or Triple) Channel advantage, worrying about the extra costs down the road if I ever need an upgrade. You may prefer to leave as much space for future expansion as you can.
A RAID (redundant array of inexpensive disks) allows you to combine various physical disks into one volume. The main RAID levels to think about on a desktop are:
 - RAID 0: Allows multiple disks to be combined into one large disk; a single drive failure takes down the whole RAID and often loses data. The volume size is the total size of all the disks.
 - RAID 1: Mirrors a pair of disks into one volume; if one disk fails there is no data loss, and the drive can be replaced (and the data automatically copies to the replacement), usually with no downtime. The volume size is the size of the smaller of the two disks.
 - RAID 5: This is more complex. It takes three drives and combines them in a way that they all provide some redundancy for the others, with an optional fourth drive as a "hot spare" to be immediately incorporated into the RAID if the drive fails (highly recommended). A little bit of drive space is lost due to the way the redundancy is performed.
Each of these RAID types can bring some speed benefits. Due to the high level of drive failures I experience, the value of my data to me, and the cost of downtime, I choose RAID 1 for all my personal PCs and have done so for quite a few years now. It has saved my neck many times!
6: Case
Even if you are not the sort to care what your computer looks like (other than a nondescript beige, gray, or black box), the case selection is still important. Cases with better airflow reduce internal temperatures, which in turn reduce failure rates and allow temperature-controlled fans to spin slower (which makes the machine quieter). Larger fans turn more slowly to move the same amount of air, which also reduces the noise. Some cases even have air filters to keep the dust levels low. In addition, better cases make it easier (and less painful, if they have smoothed edges on the metal) to replace components. Look for removable motherboard trays and drive cages to make maintenance easy. The pricier aluminum cases weigh a lot less, which is important if you plan to move your PC often.
7: Power supply
People tend to overestimate how big a power supply unit (PSU) they need. You're better off having a smaller PSU with higher efficiency than a larger PSU with lower efficiency. Not only will it deliver the same power to your components, but it will save on your electric bill and produce less heat. (Again, heat reduces reliability and makes the fans work harder, which increases noise.) Unless you have a super-powerful video card or a lot of hard drives, it is hard to argue for more than 350 - 450 watts of PSU capacity.
8: CPU choice
I am not going to get into the Intel vs. AMD debate. Just compare capabilities and price and get the cheapest CPU that meets your needs. Here are some questions to ask yourself when picking a CPU:
 - Does it support virtualization and do I need that support? As a developer and author who occasionally needs to run VMs for testing, the answer is "yes" for me.
 - Does it support HyperThreading (HT)? HT allows one CPU core to act as two, and while it does not always improve performance, it can often increase it.
 - How many cores do I need? Remember, many applications still are not written to leverage multicore architecture, but the OS will. And more cores means a better experience on the whole if you like to do many things at once or play games.
 - What speed do I need? Few things will actually max out a modern CPU long term. I would rather have four cores at 2.0 gHz than two cores at 4.0 gHz, all else being equal.
9: Backups
Thinking about backups should start when you are putting your PC together. If you are using online backups, you don't need any additional hardware. But for onsite backup, now is the time for it. Some people like external drives for backups because they are easily switched, moved to other places, etc., but they are a bit more expensive.
I've got a large internal disk (much larger than the data I will ever store on the machine) that I perform a nightly backup to, and I backstop that with the Carbonite online backup service. Between this and my RAID 1, if I ever permanently lose data, it means that I have bigger things to worry about than my data! If you use an external drive, eSATA is much faster than the ubiquitous USB 2.0. In terms of software, there are lots of great choices out there. While the built-in Windows Backup is adequate for most home user needs, it does have its gaps and you will want to consider a third-party application.
10: Malware protection
Now that your fresh, pristine system is up and running, it's time to protect it from viruses, spyware, and other nasty applications.


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|Factors affecting the appearance|
Since x-rays are used to obtain CT images, the density of a structure affects the final image of a CT in a similar manner.
Dense structures, like bone, attenuate more of the x-ray beam and appear white. Less dense structures, like air, attenuate less of the x-ray beam and appear black. Soft tissue structures are of intermediate densities and appear as varying shades of gray.
The CT detectors are much more sensitive than conventional radiograph cassettes. With the detector and beam rotation allowing for the accumulation of many data points in one slice, spatial resolution is excellent, and subtle differences in soft tissue densities are visible which are not noted on routine x-ray.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Masking regions provide a way to obscure elements in a view. Masking regions may be useful in scenarios like the following:
- You need to obscure elements in a project.
- You are creating a detail family or a model family and need the background of the element to mask the model and other detail components when it is loaded into a project.
- You need to create a model family (from imported 2D DWG files) that obscures other elements when placed in a view.
You can create 2D and 3D masking regions. 2D masking regions can be created in a project and in the Family Editor when you are creating a 2D family (annotation, detail, or title block). 3D masking regions can be created in the Family Editor when you are creating a model family.
Masking regions do not participate in shading; they are always drawn the background color of the drawing area. Masking regions cannot be applied to element subcategories.
Exporting Masking Regions to DWG
When you export a project or family that contains a masking region, any lines that intersect the masking region terminate at the masking region so that graphical intent is maintained in the DWG file.


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UNU Youtube Chanel
OurWorld Flickr Photos
How things work
Beekeeping relieves land degradation in Kyrgyzstan
Agricultural heritage across the millennia
Linking local history and traditions to modern agriculture can revitalize land management with community pride and sustainable practices.
Re-creating eelgrass beds in the Seto Inland Sea
A videobrief in our satoumi series looks at how fishers and experts are restoring the ecosystem that nurtures coastal fish.
Satoumi – Co-managing marine resources in Shiretoko
In a remote part of Japan, stakeholders cooperate to preserve the area's exceptional ecology.
Satoumi in an Okinawan coral reef system
In a remote part of Japan, stakeholders are cooperating to preserve the area's exceptional ecology.
Satoumi in Ago Bay: Embracing integrated coastal management
A bay, historically prized as the marine product supplier to Japan's Imperial Court, is being revived.
From mountain to sea: A vision for the rebuilding of Tohoku
An oyster farming author shows how tsunami-hit Tohoku should rebuild by tapping into the region's rich traditions.
The changing socio-ecology of Japan's Ishikawa coast
The landscapes and livelihoods of this part of Japan are facing many threats, including ocean acidification.
Japanese agricultural heritage systems recognized
Sado Island and the Noto Peninsula are the first sites in Japan, and the developed world overall, to be listed as globally important.
Japan should look to satoyama and satoumi for inspiration
Traditional ways of living in harmony with nature offer the country hope as it rebuilds after the triple disaster.
To serve the ecosystems that serve us
It's time to move beyond the term "ecosystem services" and consider what it really takes to craft sustainable lifeways that span generations.
Satoumi: the link between humans and the sea
Japan's Seto Inland Sea supports a variety of sea life and people and its integrated management would allow the reaping of benefits well into the future.
Preserving Japan's sea salt making tradition
Japan's centuries-old sea salt production landscapes can serve in developing models for integrated management of land and marine ecosystems.
Japan's 'ama' free divers keep their traditions
Descendants of Japan's seafaring gypsies continue to sustainably manage their marine resources thanks to collectively set rules.
Harvest time in satoyama
The idea of satoyama embodies particular views about nature and its integration with lifestyle, cultural values and resource management practices.
» Debate 2.0
» How things work
» Special report
» Video brief


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British Virgin Islands
The earliest European settlement on Tortola dates back to 1649, when Dutch settlers arrived on Tortola. They lived in relative peace until war broke out between the Dutch and the English in 1665. During that war the English attacked Tortola, destroyed the Dutch settlements, and took 67 enslaved African they found there. This is the first record of the presence of slaves in the British Virgin Islands.
The Dutch returned after the 1665 attack and three years later a report describes the population of Tortola as "80 Irish, English, and Welsh under the Dutch." The English and Dutch did not remain at peace, however, and during another war in 1672 the Dutch settlement was again attacked by the English. This time, the Dutch surrendered before a drop of blood could be shed. The islands became British, and they remain so today.
The future remained uncertain for settlers of the British Virgin Islands even after the Dutch surrender in 1672. During peace negotiations after the war between England and the Netherlands, it was agreed that the Virgin Islands would eventually be handed back over to the Dutch. This never happened, but the uncertainty over the islands' future discouraged large-scale settlement and investment. The islands became home to people who could not get land on other, more prosperous, islands.
© Susanna Henighan Potter from Moon Virgin Islands, 4th edition


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Diane Pomerance joins Life Lessons to discuss her latest book.
1). Tell us about yourself and your spiritual background.
2). You studied with many great spiritual teachers and masters – tell us about your
experiences with these great teachers.
3). How did you meet Katherine Hayward?
4). What about Katherine Hayward intrigued you and led you to become her student,
5). Who was Katherine and what made her "different" from other spiritual teachers?
6). What kind of paranormal/psychic experiences did Katherine have in her life,
particularly her youth and life?
7). What was remarkable about Describe Katherine's visit with Chapter 8's "The
Remarkable Mrs. Dunham" and how it changed her life.
8). How did the discovery of Anton Mesmer's teachings influence Katherine i.e. "I Can
and I will".
9). How did the visit of Spiritualist healer, Mr. Fletcher, forever transform Katherine and
the life of her family?
10). How did Katherine, her father, husband and moth


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Where to Register
You may make changes to your voter registration status online, in person or by mail. To change your address or other information online, use the link on the right side of this page. Otherwise, you may use the form found in the Voter Forms Section below. This form prints out on legal size paper. It can be used both for registering to vote and for making changes to your address or party affiliation.
|The following offices are designated as voter registration locations:|
In order to register to vote in Denver you must be:
Privacy of Personal Information
Voter registration records are public records, although personal information contained in voter registration records remains private.
Information that is public includes the voter's:
Information that is private includes the voter's:
This may include a homeless shelter, a homeless provider, a park, a campground, a vacant lot, a business address, or any other physical location within a precinct that the voter considers his or her home base, to which the voter returns regularly and has an intent to remain.
If the physical location does not include a mailing address, the homeless voter must also provide a mailing address.
A Post Office box can be used as a mailing address as long as the voter provides a valid physical Denver address as their residential address.
Criminal Convictions and Voting
Here are two resources to help you understand your rights:


Theatre review: FAUST/US by Nine Years Theatre is fiendishly good
Mia Chee (centre) plays Faust in Nine Years Theatre's Faust/Us. The cast also includes: (clockwise) Hang Qian Chou, Neo Hai Bin and Timothy Wan.
Mia Chee (centre) plays Faust in Nine Years Theatre's Faust/Us. The cast also includes: (clockwise) Hang Qian Chou, Neo Hai Bin and Timothy Wan.PHOTO: NINE YEARS THEATRE
Nine Years Theatre
Drama Centre Black Box/ March 21
An early scene in FAUST/US has the alchemist Faust (Mia Chee) drawing arcane symbols on the floor to summon an earth spirit. A background hum crescendos into the roar of tectonic plates grinding together.
Something powerful and magical is happening but poor, frustrated Faust cannot understand what the spirit is trying to convey. It takes her until almost the end of the play to learn how to navigate between the ordinary and extraordinary.
Similarly, it takes almost until the end of FAUST/US for the audience to see how different narrative threads and ideas have been brought together to create something out of the ordinary. It is a slow ride at the start, but fiendishly good once it picks up momentum.
FAUST/US is the first work by Nine Years Theatre to be created and directed by the group's associate director Cherilyn Woo. It is based on the 18th century German play by Goethe, in which an ageing academic sells his soul to the devil Mephistopheles in exchange for a life of passion and adventure.
FAUST/US has the academic played by Nine Years Theatre's co-founder Chee, so several plot points in the original have to be reworked. Faust fathering an illegitimate child becomes the contemporary crime of co-authoring an anti-government book with her lover Gret (Neo Hai Bin, who also translated Woo's text into Mandarin). The end result is the same, the lover is condemned to prison. But Woo's treatment of the event is much more than the old morality tale Goethe wrote.
Gret is like Faust and like Mephistopheles (a delightfully snarky Timothy Wan), all caged in prisons of their own making. Gret cannot see past his shackles, even to notice the key Faust brings. Similarly, Faust is so imprisoned in her life of academic success that even viewing her own garden through Mephistopheles' eyes is a transcendental experience.
Wan plays a cheeky devil who has much more in common with Faust than the omnipotent God (Hang Qian Chou) and the repartee between him and Chee sizzles. But many of the best scenes rely on non-verbal action and sound designer Zai Tang. Rushing waves and grinding earth demonstrate God parting the waters and creating the world in a few, breathless seconds. The sound of a demon dog barking is both funny and menacing, as Faust holds Mephistopheles at bay.
Woo has said that FAUST/US is about the restlessness in the human soul, the constant hankering for something more than we have achieved. It is this restlessness that propels humanity towards art, towards creation and towards greatness. Balanced between God and devil, Faust ends the play making the most out of her ordinary life, appearing extraordinary to the people she helps. Not a bad bargain at all.
FAUST/US is sold out.


All Weapons Offences Lawyer in Rolling Hills Alberta
Facing Weapons Offences in Ontario
All Weapons Offences in Toronto Ontario
If you are charged with a weapons offence, you need to know your rights. Caramanna Friedberg LLP has a successful track record representing clients charged with weapons offences in Ontario.
In Canada, it is illegal to carry a weapon for a dangerous purpose. Simply possessing a weapon in certain circumstances can be a criminal offence as well, such as carrying a concealed weapon in a public place.
The definition of weapon is extremely broad and can include any object that is used to cause injury to a person. A weapon is any object that is used to either threaten or intimidate another individual. Many weapons are designated as restricted or prohibited by law. Being in unauthorized possession of a restricted or a prohibited weapon can significantly increase the possible penalties associated with an offence.
There are many possible ways to defend a weapons offence. Our firm has represented hundreds of clients on weapons related offences. We have had charges dismissed based on some of the following factors:
 - The weapon may have been discovered as a result of an illegal search or detention and could be excluded from evidence at trial;
 - There may be a lawful reason for possessing the object, such as self defence; or
 - An individual may be carrying a "weapon," such as a knife, for a legitimate purpose, like work.
Weapons offences are complex and are often related to other criminal charges. Caramanna Friedberg LLP has the knowledge, expertise and experience to ensure you have outstanding legal representation when facing a possible conviction.
If you or someone you care about is facing a weapons offence, we are here 24/7 for help. Contact us at _PHONE_. Caramanna Friedberg LLP will investigate the intricacies of your case and provide every available legal means to protect your rights and freedoms.
 - British Columbia
 - Alberta
 - Saskatchewan
 - Manitoba
 - Ontario
 - Nova Scotia
 - New Brunswick
 - Newfoundland and Labrador
 - Prince Edward Island
 - The Territories - Northwest Territories, Yukon, Nunavut


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To involve means to connect. When you get involved in the Spanish Club, you attend meetings and events. If doing math well is involved in understanding advanced chemistry, that means it's a necessary part of it.
When someone is very involved, it means they are engaged or connected to a lot of activities. When someone is self-involved, all they connect with is him or herself. If getting ice cream involves walking a mile to the ice cream shop, the exercise offsets the indulgence. When no exercise is involved, it's less healthy.


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The Indigenous University of Venezuela (UIV) is well known for its cultural diversity, bringing together students from many indigenous communities across the country. During mealtimes or when walking together between classes, one might hear the students speaking one of the numerous native languages represented at the UIV.
Preservation of language and culture remains an important pillar for the UIV, and an example of this can be seen on its website [es]. The school's mission statement is available in the Huottöja, Pumé, Ye'kwana, Shiriana, and E'ñepa languages. Here is the translation in the E'ñepa language, also known as Panare:
A university that raises awareness and educates young indigenous students so that they can serve their communities. We preserve and strengthen indigenous peoples and we put forth intercultural and experimental higher education
During the digital photography workshop held on the campus with three students from the edu-communications department, the students also learned some basics in the use of the free and open-source program Audacity to record audio podcasts and upload them to the web. To demonstrate, we recorded the students giving a brief greeting in their native language and the Spanish-language translation. These are the three audio recordings uploaded to Rising Voices' Soundcloud account.
Indigenous University of Venezuela – Kuranicha – Piaroa Language
Indigenous University of Venezuela – Akaneto – Jivi Language
Indigenous University of Venezuela – Wadaana – Ye'kwana Language


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Instructions on How to Use a Swanson Speed Square
Today, we're taking about the Swanson Speed Square. A speed square is an essential DIY tool for woodworking. Invented way back in 1930, the popularity of the Swanson speed square has grown substantially over time.
The speed square is a rafter square, miter square, try square, scribing guide, protractor and, perhaps most usefully, a good saw guide.
Instructions to use a speed square:
As a Saw Guide: You simply hold the speed square base against the lumber and align the guide rail on your circular saw (being sure to keep your hands clear of the blade) to make clean straight cross-cuts.
As a Protractor: Simply hold the base against a flat surface and find the desired angle marking.
To Find Rafter Angles: The primary use is to find the angle for rafters. Calculating the correct angles for a rise to run ratio is simple with trigonometry, but the speed square eliminates the need for a calculator. First, set the pivot at the edge of the board. Next, rotate the square around that point until the edge of the board aligns with the mark you want on the common scale. Mark a line along the ruled side of the square.
The speed square also makes quick work of hips and valley rafters– same method as for common rafters, but use the Hip-Val" scale.
To scribe parallel lines: An often overlooked feature is the scribe feature. The tool provides a set of notches 1/4 inch apart. Set a pencil in the desired notch and slide the square along the board to mark a parallel line.
Be sure to pick one up before your next DIY woodworking project.


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Chocolate and Maple Syrup
Every day we use many things that come from trees. Fruits and nuts like apples, peaches, plums, cherries and almonds all come from living trees, as does the cocoa bean that makes chocolate! Living trees also provide spices like cinnamon, nutmeg and black pepper, and the sap from the maple tree makes maple syrup!
Many medicines also come from trees and other plants. As a matter of fact, aspirin comes from the bark of a willow tree. Scientists are still searching for new medicines in trees, which is another reason why it's so important to protect our forests. They could provide us a cure for cancer!


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What's happening in my country
This page contains specific information about the planning and implementation of smart villages in Sweden. The information aims to orient people on policy planning, key contacts and resources on smart villages. However, it neither aims to be fully comprehensive, nor necessarily reflects the official government or European Commission position.
Explore how smart villages are being implemented in Sweden.
Key CAP contact(s) :
Support for Smart Villages under the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP)
- The preparation of the CAP Strategic Plan and its future interventions is in progress.
- Smart villages will only be included as a possible thematic focus within LEADER, depending on the extent to which the local LEADER strategies are including the concept in their measures. Thus, LEADER will have a supporting role to develop local projects that function as concrete, small-scale smart village initiatives/plans, adjusted to the lo-cal village or community context. In the applications to be approved as LEADER areas, many of the Local Development Plans have special measures for smart villages or are mentioning support to Smart Rural Areas as an objective.
- Broadband and commercial services will not continue to be supported under the CAP. These will be supported through national funding instead.
Key NRN contact(s) :
Activities of the National Rural Network (NRN) on smart villages
- The Swedish NRN runs a thematic working group on 'smart villages' and one thematic working group on 'innovation in rural areas'. They both consist of representatives of national organisations, authorities and associations.
- The working group on 'smart villages' has developed a work plan with activities on financing and advice for smart initiatives, methods for local transition/development plan and translation of materials from the European Network for Rural Development (ENRD) Contact Point, as well as webinars to inspire cooperation between local, regional and national levels.
- The working group on 'innovation in rural areas' has developed a work plan with activities to define and describe methods to guide and promote innovators and innovations, describe innovation infrastructures in rural areas, collect and publish information on good examples and create meeting places and opportunities to exchange experiences of innovations and innovation processes in rural areas.
- The Swedish NRN has had representatives at the ENRD thematic group on smart villages and its meetings.
- As for the future, the Swedish Board of Agriculture suggested that the NRN should play a distinct role within the national coordination of the 'smart villages' concept.
Support provided through other national/ regional policies & initiatives
The 'smart villages' concept is not included as a specific measure or objective in other Euro-pean structural and investment funds, nor national funding programmes. Nevertheless, it will be possible to fund activities and projects that contribute to the development of a smart village through several of these funds, such as the ERDF, the national funds for commercial services and for broadband.


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Department of History
Meredith McKittrick's first book explores the gendered and generational dynamics of the creation of a large and youthful Christian community in northern Namibia in the late 19th and 20th centuries. During research for that book, she came to realize the extent to which control over the region's water resources underlay religious practice, political authority, and community identities. This led to her current book project, which examines how local communities, colonial governments, and post-colonial states have claimed and utilized river resources in Namibia, Botswana, and Angola. She teaches a variety of African history courses, including resistance and rebellion, gender and generation, environmental history, and comparative US-South African history; she's also taught global history and agricultural history. In 2010, she won the Georgetown College Dean's Award for Teaching Excellence. She is from Texas, worked as a journalist, and has raised chickens and heritage turkeys. She lives in rural Maryland with her spouse and three children.


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how do i sketch a probability density function.i cant find how to do it anywhere!driving me nuts
k=1 from my workings.thanks in advance
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Draw the line y=x between 0 and 1 on the x-axis and the line y=2-x between 1 and 2 on the x-axis. It should be a triangle with an area of 1.
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Mood rings space quite well-known these days. Castle were an initial introduced in the 1970s through two new Yorkers. Due to the fact that then, mood rings have garnered a many popularity. They are not just limited to brand-new York anymore, you can find different species of the atmosphere rings almost everywhere the world. They make for an remarkable jewelry items that can be bought at a an extremely affordable price.
You are watching: What is a mood ring made of
How carry out Mood rings Function
A the atmosphere ring is simply a crystal thermometer in a ring form. It reflects the present mood that the human being wearing the ring. The rings adjust color according to the mood of the person. Human beings emit a many of power from their bodies. The emission of power depends upon ours moods as well. Human being who are anxious often tend to release more energy as contrasted to civilization who are happy. The atmosphere rings feeling this heat power and readjust colors follow to the strongness of emitted heat. Mood rings have the right to also help you medically. If your mood ring regularly alters to dark colors favor gray or black color then girlfriend should certainly take the seriously. Regular change to dark colour can aid you identify medical issues with her body together well.
The color resonate with the the atmosphere of the person however it's the temperature of the body the acts as a significant player in the ideal functioning of mood rings.
How are Mood rings Made
Mood rings carry out not constantly have initial gemstones. They occasionally use glass or hole quartz stones together well. The stones are filled through thermochromic liquid crystals. Thermo-chromic fluid crystals adjust color through the readjust in temperature. This is why the ring shows different colors during different situations. The lower part of the ring deserve to be made by different varieties of metal including steel, aluminum and other comparable materials. Friend can additionally find luxurious mood ring in the sector that have a stint of gold or silverin it. These rings are reasonably expensive than common mood rings.
The many important component of any mood ring is the hollow rock that holds the thermochromic liquid. The stone works best when the is in direct contact with her skin. This days, atmosphere rings can be found in different shapes and also designs. The shape and design of the atmosphere rings execute not impact their functionality. The stone can conveniently be affixed ~ above different varieties of ring designs.
Mood rings deserve to accurately predict your emotions. They work-related on the simple principle of heat emission for this reason they room bound to constantly show an accurate result. Every emotion and feeling has its own level of energy emission. Some of them are provided below;Green: CalmnessViolet: Excited, HappyBlack: TenseGray: AnxiousAmber: Nervous
One thing to store in mind is that mood rings don't always readjust colors since of the change in your emotions. As soon as you are worn down or if you space walking exterior in cold weather also then the ring might adjust colors.
See more: Which Hemisphere Of The Cerebral Cortex Is Usually Dominant In Language Tasks?
Mood rings are very unique. They are affordable and also can last as much as 5 year without put on down. They not only assist to reflect her mood but can also be an amazing accessory for her jewelry set.


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Longer Commutes Lead to Obesity, High Blood Pressure [Study]
1 year ago
The longer you sit in your car, the more unhealthy you get.
News like this may make you envy the guy who rides a bike to work, maybe.
A new study published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine says that people who drive more than 15 miles to work each day are more likely to be obese and to carry a lot of fat around the belly. They are also less likely to get enough or as much exercise as those who drive less than five miles to work. People who commute for more than 10 miles were also more likely to have high blood pressure.
The study followed 4,200 adults living in Texas (where everything is bigger) and tracked to map the shortest road routes between workers' homes and offices. People in the study were also given treadmill tests to see how long they could exercise. From that observation by, researchers blood sugar levels, cholesterol, total fat, belly fat, and body mass index (BMI) would allow them to guess how often they exercised.
"The study is the first to show that long commutes can take away from exercise and are associated with higher weight, lower fitness levels, and higher blood pressure. And all of these are strong predictors of [heart] disease, diabetes, and some cancers," says researcher Christine M. Hoehner, PhD, an assistant professor of public health sciences at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis.
"The car is tough because there's really no easy way to interrupt it," says Richard Krasuski, MD, director of adult congenital heart disease services and a staff cardiologist at Cleveland Clinic in Ohio. "If you're sitting at a desk, he says, you can at least get up and stretch once in a while. In a car, you're really confined to that space, you're not really moving around very much."
Now, the study doesn't flat out say "cars make people fat." But, there are factors that go into the theory they are pushing. One, when you spend most of your time in the car, you're more prone to eat in the car as well. Last time we checked, Whole Foods didn't have a drive-thru. But McDonald's? Sometimes they have two. Spending most of your time in a car also means that you may be more prone to eating sweet and salty snacks from the gas station.
So, what can you do to prevent yourself from becoming like the people in the study?
Researchers say that when you do get to work, you should take the stairs instead of the elevator. You can also pack healthy lunches and snacks for yourself. Also, instead of spending so much of your down time sleeping, try to do something active.
[Also Read: Black Americans Have Worst 'Well-Being' In US]


How to memorize and understand 1300 words in the Quran in just 5 minutes
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How many new faces that you see every day at your local masjid, work or neighborhood? The more frequent you go to a particular place, the more often you'll meet a familiar face. Similarly, in the Quran not all words are strangers to us, some we already know because we read and hear the Quran more than once
In this article, I am going to share with you a group of words that occur more than 1300 times in the Quran. It will take you less than 10 minutes of your precious time.. The words in Engish falls under the category of pronoun. These are words like, He, they, she, you, I, we, it, me, and your.
In Arabic pronoun can be divided into 2 one is an independent pronoun and the other is the attached pronoun. Independent pronoun is always Rafa' while the attached pronoun is either nasb or jarr
Independent Pronoun
An independent pronoun is a word by itself while the attached pronoun always appears as a part of a word. Now before you can know the attached pronoun it will be good to memorised the independent pronoun. It will take just approximately 10 minutes if you really want to commit them to memory.
The words that you see above is repeated in the Quran approximately 1300 times. Simply by memorizing them you would tremendously increase your understanding of the Quran when you read it or even when you are listening to the imam while praying. You can start by opening the Quran and look for independent pronouns. This will you in memorizing these words and it will definitely enhance your understanding of the Quran.
I can't stress enough how important is it to know these independent pronoun in Arabic and their meaning by heart. Imagine you will immediately know 1300 words in the Quran by memorising them.
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How to Build a Yoga Brand That Fits Your Voice
April 25, 2019
Kickin' It Old-School, Sun Salutation Style
April 30, 2019
Bandhas 101: All About the 4 Yogic Body Locks
Dive deeper into the meaning and significance of the various bandhas.
Picture this—it has been drizzling for hours. The mud has accumulated into fragments of dirt everywhere. Suddenly, the drizzle stops and these dirt fragments settle.
A gardener appears and pulls out a water pipe, turns on the tap, presses its tip—waits until the water assimilated on its nozzle before releasing it. The sudden, fat flow of water flushes those dirt balls right off the ground—the mud dissolves and corrodes, while the left over substance vanishes into the drain.
This substance is eliminated by the sudden flush of water. This flush creates pressure that the flow of water or a drizzle is unable to do. This pressure was allowed to build, as the gardener locked the tip of that water pipe between his fingers. Your body has this same 'press and flush' mechanism too.
You have four locks in your body, commonly known as the bandhas in Sanskrit. These locks or bandhas work as pressure points that your body can use to flush away toxins from the internal system.
Mula Bandha – Pelvic Lock
Also known as the root lock as it influences the Muladhara or first chakra. Located in the pelvic region, this bandha is highly advantageous for strengthening the pelvic floor. While it relieves congestion and helps with treating depression, it's also one of the most useful techniques for helping a yogi in activateing the Kundalini energy.
 1. Inhale and contract the pelvic muscle as firmly as possible.
 2. Hold the contraction while taking long, deep breaths.
 3. Concentrate on Muladhara chakra as you perform this exercise.
 4. Repeat up to five times.
Uddiyana Bandha – Locking the Diaphragm
This bandha is dedicated to the awakening of the solar plexus or the Manipura or third chakra. This particular bandha is specifically useful for lowering blood sugar levels and relieving constipation while simulating the intestines. This bandha is also an excellent remedy for dousing irritability and temper.
 1. Sit in a cross-legged position while keeping your spine straight. Lift your diaphragm and push your torso forward. Place both palms over the respective knee.
 2. Expel your breath thoroughly from your abdomen toward your cavity and out of your body. Hold this lock for as long as you can, before releasing it.
 3. Repeat up to five times.
Jalandhara Bandha - Chin Lock
Also known as the top lock or chin lock because it's located in the chin area—Jalandhara bandha plays a prominent role in simulating the Vishuddha or fifth chakra. This bandha is specifically useful for those who suffer from thoracic problems and thyroid gland malfunction.
 1. Take a long deep breath inward and hold it.
 2. Push your chin downward, so it touches the collarbone leading to the firm closure of your windpipe.
 3. Remain in this position for a few seconds while holding the bandha along with your breath.
 4. Release.
 5. Repeat this up to five times.
Maha Bandha – Three Locks Amalgamated
The Maha bandha is the most important out of all bandhas. This lock works toward the overall benefit of the body, mind, and soul. Maha bandha is beneficial in simulating all the chakras, along with exercising the nervous system for heightened capacity of the mind and the functioning of internal organs.
 1. Sit cross-legged. Inhale and exhale a couple of long deep breaths. Expel the breath out.
 2. Place both palms over the respective knee. Lift your torso up and slightly forward, while keeping your shoulders raised.
 3. Perform all three bandhas together in an orderly manner traveling upward—exercise Mula bandha while focusing on Muladhara chakra; Uddiyana bandha while concentrating on Manipura chakra; Jalandhara bandha while concentrating on Vishuddha chakra.
 4. Remain still in this position with all the bandhas, for as long as you can.
 5. Release each bandha in the same orderly fashion as applied.
 6. Repeat this five times.
For maximum benefit, practice these bandhas on an empty stomach. The practitioner is also advised to implement a pranayama or breathing exercise for a stronger hold of the breath, before indulging in any bandha practice. Revitalize energy levels and release all the harmful clogs from the body. Feel free to exercise these bandhas toward the holistic restoration of the body, mind and soul.
Pradip Kumar
Pradip Kumar
Pradeep Kumar is a passionate Yogi, Yoga Teacher, Blogger and a Traveler in India. He provides yoga teacher training in Rishikesh, India. He loves writing and reading the books related to yoga, health, nature and the Himalayas. His strong connection with Yoga and the Himalayas has made him organize yoga, meditation and Ayurveda tours, and retreats in the Himalayas. Connect with Pradip at


Malic acid
Malic acid
is a white, crystal powder with sour taste, that was found 1785 in apple juice. It is a chemical compound that occurs as left-turning L-malic acid and right-turning D-malic acid. In nature the L-malic acid occurs in unripe fruits to prevent to be eaten. During ripening malic acid is degraded. It is obtained by a chemical process from fumaric acid or maleic acid and is a mixture of D- and L-malic acid. The malic acid is soluble in water and in ethanol. The product results as an intermediate of the energy metabolism of every living cell. For humans it is one kg a day. The esters and salts are called malates.
Product details
CAS number:97-67-6; 636-61-3; 6915-15-7
Origin country: India, China, United States
Physical state:firm
Durability:2 years
Your contact
Furkan Budak
Phone.: +49 (0)157/76379937
Gerhard Schorsch
Phone.: +49 (0)157/76379887


text:
Your phone is there, always watching. It's your life companion, according to one manufacturer. So shouldn't it be able to tell your mood, too? Microsoft thinks so.
In a research paper, Microsoft said that by analyzing phone calls, texts, the browser history, and other common smartphone interactions, a new MoodScope service it developed could accurately predict the user's mood 93 percent of the time after a two-month period. This was after the phone was "trained" to sense the user's mood.
So what good is it? After all, you don't need your phone to tell you how you feel. Instead, the idea is that your phone's new "mood sensor" will tell others how you feel—social networks, your friends, even your mom.
Furthermore, that information could be passed along to services like Spotify, which could curate an emo-weighted playlist for when you're down in the dumps. Microsoft even created a "MoodScope social-sharing application" to share users moods to their Facebook Timelines.
Yes, this is for oversharers. Microsoft isn't proposing that all phones should sense your mood, automatically, but that it would be based with an app and tapped into via an API.
Somewhat ironically, researchers have never tested the technology with a Windows Phone; they used a combination of Android phones and iPhones for the study, using 32 participants from the United States and China.
"We foresee mood inference as a vital next step for application context-awareness," wrote Robert LiKamWa, Yunxin Liu, Nicholas D. Lane,and Lin Zhong, the co-authors of the study. All, except for Rice University's Zhong, worked for Microsoft Research. "Such inference would improve the utility of the smartphone and lower the social barrier for sharing mood."
How does it work?
Specifically, the researchers used SMS, email, phone call, application usage, web browsing, and location to determine mood, defined as a persistent emotional state, rather than flashes of one emotion or another. Microsoft naturally used both the phone and a cloud service to collaboratively produce its MoodScope responses.
What the researchers found is that determining mood wasn't easy; they first had to ask the users to record what their moods were every four hours, and use that to determine a general mood model.
Over time, however, the general mood model cut down the training time to about ten days, during which moods were sensed with 72 percent accuracy.
The paper does not draw any specific conclusions about how smartphone use is tied to mood, such as happy users frequently accessing their phones. But the paper does conclude that phone calls, certain categories of applications, and locations are often tied to a pleasurable mood.
As academic papers often do, the authors are conservative in their conclusions, noting avenues for further research—such as, for example, rises in frustration levels tied to heavy traffic.
MoodScope sound innocent enough. But also keep in mind that gauging emotional response is a key component of assessing the effectiveness of advertising. In 2012, Microsoft filed for this patent on using sensors to assess emotion—imagine that a Web page that knew you were sad might target you for an ad pushing comfort food, for example.
Yes, mood and emotion are two different things, as the paper points out. But there's always a tradeoff; on one hand, knowing your mood may provide better recommendations for music and other services. But they can also be used against you.
This story, "Microsoft's 'MoodScope' phone software senses your mood" was originally published by TechHive.


Home Campus Directory | A-Z Index
 1. Mission
 The Mission of the Chancellor's office is to provide clear strong, and inspiring leadership that empowers the campus to accomplish its mission, vision, and strategic goals, and strengthens the broader community.
 2. Vision
 The chancellor's office will be a model of exemplary leadership to the campus and community.
 3. Strategies for Accomplishing the Mission
 1. Provide leadership to nurture a cohesive campus community that thrives as a team.
 2. Provide leadership to secure the necessary resources for faculty and staff to execute the teaching, research, service, and support components of the campus' mission.
 3. Provide leadership to cultivate a culture of academic excellence and a student-centered environment in which each student can achieve his or her potential.
 4. Model excellence in community and team building, innovation, civil discourse, and respect for diversity.
 5. Provide leadership to strengthen and enrich the broader community economically, socially, and culturally.
 4. Values that Guide the Chancellor's Office
 1. Excellence
 2. A strong work ethic
 3. Integrity
 4. Mutual respect
 5. Collegiality
 6. Trust


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Spark Weaponry is a special form of fire arm that uses an unusual form of projectiles as ammunition. It is incredibly rare, being used almost exclusivly by the Derkallen. These weapons form the Dekallen's standard weapons.
Spark weaponry are unusual pieces of technology. Imperial scientists alond with the Tau are still trying to figure out how they work. Sparkguns utilise an unconventional form of projectile as ammunition. These proctiles are solid slugs much like any bullet, though they glow blue. However, once the slug comes in contact with any other solid matter it changes into energy.
What Imperial scientist have been able to figure out so far is that Sparkguns use a form of energy cell as a magazine, and it is rechargable much like a Lasgun. The energy stored is entirly different and is a form of energy that the Imperium is entirly unfamiliar with. By some eldritch science the Sparkgun takes the energy and actually converts it into a solid. This is then fired out through the barrel of the gun. When the Spark slug hits solid matter it reverts to energy, creating a tiny explosion that looks like a spark to an observer. Due to this appearance Imperial Guard have often used the slang term "Fire Crackers" in reference to these weapons.


Sunday, March 16, 2008
Phrases To Impress
Yes thanks for the comment, Ninja, that repetition can drive you crazy. In fact, since I have been learning cantonese, I have found myself, at times, speaking cantonese (subconsciously) to myself and even talking to people in cantonese who are not chinese and do not understand any Cantonese!!! I have also found my normal everyday English suffering due to the different grammatical structures. Maybe these are the signs of my impending insanity - all caused, as you say, by constant repetition!
My summary of the whole situation is this: "Cantonese is freakin damn difficult! It is POOP CAY! All I can say is take your time! Try learning a few words each conversation you have. Furthermore, try learning some phrases that will quickly impress even though you have minimal knowledge of useful words. This later advice is for the person who just wants to impress others without the pain of having to learn alot of cantonese. I can only try to relate to such a person!!!! (please note the sarcasm of the previous statement!)
Ok now for some of these canto phrases:
1. Hou sum jok lui peck = good heart gets struck by lightning
(means something like: "There is no point doin good deeds, they're never appreciated anyway!" or "Do a good deed and get slapped in the face for it!")
2. Leng doh bao keng = so pretty the mirror shatters
Leng doh lau howl sou = so pretty i'm drooling
Leng doh pung pang seng = so pretty (bang bang) - I think the pung pang is a gunshot sound?
*basically all these phrases mean the same thing 'your so pretty!'
3. Bowl dinn waa chook = simmering telephone porridge
(porridge takes a long time to cook and hence I think this saying means "you are talking forever on the phone")
4. Hou loi mow kin = long time no see (lit.)
5. Whats wrong? = Mei si a?
6. Whats up? = Dim a?
7. Say something! = Gong ye la (it follows mei si a really well)
8. Don't worry = M gan yiew (to be used in normal situations - lit means 'not important')
9. Don't worry = Fong sum (lit. means let go of heart burden - prob use this one when more emotions are involved to reassure someone)
10. Forget about it = Shun a
11. Excuse me = M hou yee see a (lit. means 'has no meaning')
12. Have no time = Mow si garn
13. Whatever! = See Darn a! (shrug your shoulders for full effect!)
14. You're Crazy! = Nei chee sinn
15. Silly Girl/Boy! = Sorr Lui/Chay
Monday, February 18, 2008
Working like a Dog
Hello pung yaus, this lesson is for all of you out there who is working for the man! (or woman)
Gee lately I've been flat out at work - my day comprises of keeping other people happy (doctors, nurses, relatives, patients, relatives etc. How did our lives become this? We used to be nomadic barbarians who hunted and gathered, living our lives in freedom. But now we've evolved into some office sitting, coffee sipping, computer typing, telephone answering, photocopying, paperworking people!!
There is one good thing about this daily repetitious working lifestyle - "repetition" will make it easier for us to learn the cantonese words that describe our jobs! Sorry thats the only positive thing I can think of with respect to the repetitive nature of our occupations - unless your saving the world (e.g. you're working towards a cure for cancer and you've almost got it).
So here are today's words:
Working like a dog = jou do ho si ge jek gou a!!!
Boss, what are you talking about? = lau ban / lau xay, nei gong mut ye a?
I don't like Mondays = bai yut (then shake head and sigh) - all about attitude here :)
I looooooooove Fridays = bai m a!!! (YAY! and have a huge grin :)
I want to go home = ngo seung faan 'ook kei' (home)
I feel sick = ngo yau beng (I am sick)
I need a beer = ngo seung yum b chau
I need alcohol = ngo seung yum chau (hong chau = red wine, baak jau = white wine)
I NEEEED a coffee = ngo SUI YIEW yum ka fe a!
Hospital = yi yuen
Crazy Patient = beng yun
Crazy Relatives (of patients) = beng yun ge 'ook kei yun' (family)
Physiotherapist = mut li che liu si
Nurse = woo si
Pharmacist = yerk si
Computer = diin noow
Telephone = diin wa
Receptionist = bei shoo
I hope I win the lottery = ngo hei mong ngo wooi jong 'look hap choi' (lottery) la!
See you tomorrow = teng yut kin
Bye Bye = 'joi kin' or 'bai bai'
Saturday, February 16, 2008
Nice stuff to say to the ladies
Thanks Tuey for your inquiry of how to say biattttchh!! Well normally i'm not one to swear but when learning a new language I think it essential to know a few back up words - cos ppl gonna swear at you behind your back and at least you can know that and say "nei hay ba po" which means "you are a bitch".
Nah seriously today's lesson is about compliments and non-compliments (i.e. put downs). I think theses are essential for getting along with people and thats what i'm about - but its also good to have a few negative compliments for those people who deserve it.
So here's a few random phrases for you to ponder:
hou leng = good looking (you can extend the houuuuuuuuuuuuuu to add more emphasis)
m cho = not bad
mow cho = your right
hou hern = smell good
hou sik = delicious
waaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa = woooooh mamaaaaaaa
leng lui = pretty girl
ngo hou pung yau = my good friend
lui pung yau = my girlfriend
ngo tai tai = my wife
nei chee sinn = you're crazy
gee see = selfish
ba po = (dont say this!)
xxxxxx = learn it yourself
Chaps concentrate on the positives and all will go well with you!
Choi Kin Leng Lui, Leng Chays
Friday, February 15, 2008
Beef Noodle Soup - Pho
Leng lui, leng chays - dim a?
Before we get started on new words, I just want to respond to the comment that "conversation is the best way to learn cantonese (thanks Ninja ba po!)"
I totally agree but add that repetition is important so as you are practicing the language you will need to write down the words you learn - and what better way than via alphabetical pinyin - if anyone can think of a better way of recording new words then I am definitely open to suggestions!
Now onto today's topic: eating pho (beef noodle soup) - one of my favourite past times! So what words would I need to know when eating out somewhere in Hong Kong?
1. Ngo siew yiew yum kafe m goi? I need a coffee please
2. Yut gor pho m goi? One bowl of pho please
3. Li gor hou sik! This is delicious
4. Ngo bow! I am full
5. Ngo yi ga hoi sum! I am happy (content) now!
Other useful words:
ping go jup = apple juice
chang jup = orange juice
cha = tea
b chau = beer
chau = wine
kafe = coffee
Choi kin my pung yaus (friends)!
Leng Chay, Leng Lui
Hello my name is Phil and this is my blog about the journey of learning Cantonese from scratch.
Firstly let me introduce myself - I am Australian and English is my first language. My motivation to learn Cantonese is so that I can speak to my sister and her family in Hong Kong. As a English speaker, I have to say that learning Cantonese is difficult. What has helped me the most is writing down Cantonese words in a form of "pinyin" alphabetical language - and although there seems to be no official pinyin for Cantonese, I believe it is good practice to write down what you hear and the only way I can do that is via a made-up pinyin. Anyway - you choose for yourself whether such a technique will help you.
The first words I have learned in Cantonese is Leng Chay and Leng Lui which means 'handsome' and 'beautiful' respectively. These words are very common greetings in Hong Kong and can be used in as alternatives to normal address like Mr, Mrs, Ms etc. For example, "leng chay, can i have a glass of sou (water) m goi (please)".


text: A visually dynamic homage to the paperback. In 1968, John Leonard, then editor of The New York Times Book Review, listed the many merits of mass-market paperbacks: "They can be stuffed in purses, left in buses, dropped in toilets, used as coasters, eaten and thrown away. Their covers can be ripped off! Their spines can be broken! To buy a paperback today is to buy the means of revenging oneself on Western culture." Fast-forward forty years. Leonard's affectionately flippant assessment may need to be revised as the explosion of digital media threatens the livelihood of the printed word. More than an act of revenge on Western culture, to buy a paperback may be a means of preserving one of its more charismatic—and socially, politically, and aesthetically influential—species. Breathless Homicidal Slime Mutants celebrates the mass-market paperback and gives it its due. A vibrant tour that starts with books from the late nineteenth century up to today, examining the most popular genres—mystery, romance, Westerns, how-to, cooking, and diet, and highbrow literature packaged for the broader audience—it focuses on the history of the art and design of the format and how it is inseparable from the history of American literacy, tastes, and mores of the twentieth century.$16 at Amazon. Via.


Does cello play in alto clef?
Explanation: Music for the cello is primarily written in the bass clef, though the tenor clef is commonly seen in both solo and orchestral music. … The cello plays in all of them except the alto, which is the primary clef of the viola.
What are the 4 clefs?
In modern music, only four clefs are used regularly: treble clef, bass clef, alto clef, and tenor clef. Of these, the treble and bass clefs are by far the most common.
What is the range of a cello?
three octaves
Is it hard to learn the cello?
Is cello a bass or treble?
Music for the cello is generally written in the bass clef, with tenor clef and treble clef used for higher-range passages. Played by a cellist or violoncellist, it enjoys a large solo repertoire with and without accompaniment, as well as numerous concerti.
What are the cello notes?
You might be interested: How is a cello tuned
Is the fifth line at the bottom or top of the staff?
The lines and spaces are numbered from bottom to top; the bottom line is the first line and the top line is the fifth line. The musical staff is analogous to a mathematical graph of pitch with respect to time. Pitches of notes are given by their vertical position on the staff and notes are played from left to right.
Why is bass clef different than treble?
In the treble clef, G is second from the bottom while F is the top line. In the bass clef, F is the second line from the top and G is the bottom line. … Visually, the separation of the two clefs makes playing with the left (bass clef) and right hand (treble clef) easier to read.
Why does Alto Clef exist?
Why does the alto clef exist? Historically, the Alto Clef was originally used to reduce the need for ledger lines when writing out the music for alto singers in choirs. This is because the pitch range of an alto occupies an awkward range of notes that sits between the Treble Clef and Bass Clef staves.
What is the hardest instrument to play?
Here are the hardest and easiest instruments to learn:
 1. Violin. The hardest instrument on the list. …
 2. Organ. …
 3. French horn. …
 4. Accordion. …
 5. Harp. …
 6. Drums. …
 7. Guitar. …
 8. Piano.
Why does the cello make me cry?
The cello can "sound sad" because of its low voice (pitch range). This allows composers to feature this stellar instrument in "sad songs, which tend toward lower pitch registers.
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text:
- About UHD
- Distance Education
- Financial Aid
- Student Life
The following page is a blank template with a header that contains a quicklinks jump menu and the search UHD function. Page sections are identified with headers. The footer contains all required links, contact and emergency information.
How to play Common Core Hangman. To play hangman you must first be familiar with the General Common Core for the State of Texas. A player/team attempts to determine a secret word made up from the General Core for a college-educated person. For each letter guessed that is contained in the word, the letter is revealed. For each letter guessed that is not in the word, the UHD avatar is approached more and more by alligators. If all letters in the word are guessed before the gators are upon the avatar, you win the game. If not, you lose. But don't give up, try again.
The General Education Program provides those experiences which define what it means to be a college-educated person, while the discipline major attempts to provide those experiences which define what it means to be a part of that discipline. The assumption behind a general education program is that the phrase "college-educated" has its own meaning, that it signifies a type of intellectual breadth and perspective which all students should exhibit regardless of their major. Part of the general education requirements, the Core Curriculum defines what is central to the college experience and the common standards used to measure the intellectual development of all students.
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Uganda boasts a number of wetlands that have been listed as Wetlands of International Importance under the Ramsar convention. All these sites are recognized by BirdLife International as Important Bird Areas as well as providing a vital habitat for other threatened plants and animals.
Two of these wetlands are found within Uganda's national parks:
Lake Mburo-Nakivali Wetland System, Lake Mburo National Park
This unique habitat lies at the convergence of two biological zones, giving it very high biodiversity. It supports globally threatened species of birds such as the Papyrus Yellow Warbler and Shoebill, and two of the endangered cichlid fish species which have become extinct in the main lakes. It is the only area in Uganda in which the impala is found.
Murchison Falls-Albert Delta Wetland System, Murchison Falls National Park
The site stretches from the top of Murchison Falls to the delta at its confluence with Lake Albert. The delta forms a shallow area that is important for water birds, especially the shoebill, pelicans, darters and various heron species. It is also an important spawning and breeding ground for Lake Albert fisheries, containing indigenous fish species, and it forms a feeding and watering refuge for wildlife during dry seasons.
Other Ramsar sites:
- Lake Bisina Wetland System
- Lake Nakuwa Wetland System
- Lake Opeta Wetland System
Lake Victoria Region:
- Sango Bay-Musambwa Island-Kagera Wetland System (SAMUKA)
- Nabajjuzi Wetland System
- Lutembe Bay Wetland System
- Mabamba Bay Wetland System
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Animal Spirit Energy 101
Some of us may of heard the phrase "Animal Spirit" at one time or another or maybe its a new term for you, however, you found your way to this blog and so get ready to explore this term a little deeper. Animal Spirit Energy is raw and powerful, most of us can benefit from merging with that kind of force. What does it really mean to have a connection to an animal spirit though? What's all the hype?
Animal Spirit Energy is a powerful way to call upon our own instincts. Down the rabbit hole we descend again, no animal pun intended. Let me say first that I am delighted to hear people using this phrase more often since it demonstrates their innate connection to nature and it also gently stirs the instinctive power we all carry within us.
In order to understand Animal Spirit Energy we have to be willing to get down and dirty in a sense. Animals act out of pure instinct for the most part, although I do believe they are evolving consciously as much as we are but that's a whole other blog entirely. Okay back on track, its pure instinct that drives animals to survive, to thrive, to live and to reproduce another day on this planet. They don't ever stop to think "Am I doing this right? Am I living in the moment? What will happen tomorrow?" They live purely in the moment. Animal Spirit Energy Lesson 1: stay in the moment, live in the now. Act instinctively.
But how do we do this when we live in a world that moves so fast and can be overwhelming with distractions, demands and deadlines? Perhaps think of the way an animal lives its life. They thrive in nature, surrounded by natural elements that sustain them somehow, someway everyday of their lives. They trust in Mother Nature to provide, they trust in themselves to provide, they trust without even realizing they trust because they are pure souls that don't have the capability to overthink things. Animal Spirit Energy Lesson 2: Trust in yourself and your resources, don't overthink and get out in nature!
So how do you know if you have an animal spirit? How do you connect with one? There are many ways to go about doing this but the most organic way is to allow your animal spirit guide to pick you. No animal is too big or too small, all of them carry messages to assist us at certain times in our lives. For example: Maybe you've been seeing a woodpecker every single morning as you are getting into your car for work. It seems to be banging its little beak on a tree right outside your front door in your line of sight every morning for the past 3 days. Coincidence? No. So what could that woodpecker possibly be trying to get through to you? Well if you are like most people you'd probably disregard this encounter and not even consider that it has a message for you at all but I encourage you to look deeper. Maybe the sound of its beak drumming on the tree, is reminding you to take up drumming or listen to some drumming music, which is grounding and healing for the spirit. Native American drumming preferably for healing. You can start by asking yourself: Are you feeling off balance? Moving too fast? Do you feel your feet when they touch the ground and I mean really feel them? Do you feel centered? The woodpecker also a bird that scales the trees and flies in a swooping motion. Do you feel free to fly from place to place without constrictions? How do you move through your life? Are you graceful? Do you swoop and dive? Observe all aspects of the animal, the woodpecker in this case.
We have to take the time to notice the way these animals move, what they do, how they hunt and how they live their lives. Yes this means more time in nature is beneficial but there are other resources where you can gain information of any power animal. How you take the time to observe and learn about these beautiful creatures is irrelevant, what's important is that you take the time to do it. There are sites where you can actually look up the meaning of each animal which I do recommend in the beginning of connecting with your animal spirits. These are all simple but profound ways to read the messages any animal may be trying to convey to you, they don't use words so we must use feeling, intuition and body language to communicate. All you have to do is set an intention to connect to its energy and you'll know its successful when you feel elevated sensations in the physical body. Messages will vary from person to person and each experience into merging with your animal will be different as well. Animal Spirit Energy Lesson 3: Lean into your instincts and intuition and allow yourself to feel free. Don't dismiss the messengers of nature no matter how small, they speak to us always, be mindful. Tune in. Listen. Observe.
Another way that an animal spirit could be trying to connect to you is when you keep seeing certain pictures of a specific animal over and over, or you see jewelry with that animal or a poster or a t-shirt. When there are repetitive signs of the same animal that's usually a strong message that a certain animal spirit wants to connect with you. Will you listen?
Then there is the intuitive way to know when an animal spirit is connecting and that's when you just know; deep down you've always connected with a particular animal or you just have a feeling that this certain animal is your Animal Spirit Guide. Note: Your animal spirit guides can change over your lifetime so don't limit the amount of animal energy you may be connecting with.
There are many different paths to take when connecting with Animal Spirit Energy and there is no right or wrong way to do it. Use your childlike innocence and imagination to lead you and you will be pleasantly surprised by the outcome. Since this is only Animal Spirit Energy 101 we won't get too far down the rabbit hole today but these are good pointers on how to start tuning in to animal spirit energy. We have guidance right outside our front doors, out in a park, on the beach or up in the sky or tree. By tuning our antennae back into the sounds of nature we tune back into our natural state which is harmonic and when we listen to the animal messengers we gain insight into ourselves. So I challenge you to dig your claws into the earth and hold space so that you can hear what messages are trying to be shown to you. Be mindful and notice which animals cross your path or come into your mind often, notice what instincts or feelings they stir for you and observe the natural magic that patiently waits for you to interpret its meaning.
Heavenly Bracelet Shop's Animal Spirit Crystal Bracelet Collection springs from a love of animals, the messages they have for us and the power they can bring into our lives. (CLICK on image to return to "Animal Spirit Crystal Bracelet Collection"
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APPR 9720 Stationary Engineer Apprentice
Training required for employment as a journeyperson in the stationary engineer trade. Includes safety, trade practices, gas and arc welding, first aid, CPR, fundamentals of conditioning air, heat transfer, air conditioning systems, plans, hydraulics, pneumatics, buildings, machines, electrical and sheet metal, boilers, mathematics grade, calculations, hand tools, power tools and equipment.
Offered on occasion
After successful completion of this course, students will be able to:
- Outcome 1: Explain the basic elements of industrial machinery.
- Outcome 2: Identify and use common measurement tools to monitor and adjust equipment.
- Outcome 3: Select and apply various power transmission components in a physical plant.


À la carte
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see À la carte (disambiguation).
À la carte /ɑːləˈkɑrt/[1] is a French language loan phrase meaning "according to the menu", and used
 - in reference to a menu of items priced and ordered separately, i.e. the usual operation of restaurants. This is in contrast to a table d'hôte, at which a menu with limited or no choice is served at a fixed price.
 - to order an item from the menu on its own, e.g. a steak without the potatoes and vegetables is steak à la carte
 - to describe a retail pricing model in which goods or services traditionally bundled together are separated out, putatively giving the consumer greater choice at lower cost. Examples include airline pricing where in-flight drinks or snacks are not complimentary, on-line music purchasing where individual tracks can be bought instead of entire albums, or pay television where individual channels can be ordered rather than a bundle of channels.
The phrase was adopted into English in 1826, predating by a decade the common use of the French language loanword "menu".[2][3]
See also[edit]
 1. ^ "À la carte". Oxford English Dictionary (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. September 2005.
 2. ^ Richard Bailey, Eating Words, Michigan Today, 13 May 2008.
 3. ^ Menu, The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th edition, Houghton Mifflin
External links[edit]


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We present the photometry and spectropolarimetry of the pre‐main‐sequence star HD 106506. A photometric rotational period of ∼1.416 ± 0.133 d has been derived using observations at Mount Kent Observatory (MKO). Spectropolarimetric data obtained with the 3.9‐m Anglo‐Australian Telescope (AAT) were used to derive spot occupancy and magnetic maps of the star through the technique of Zeeman Doppler imaging (ZDI). The resulting brightness maps indicate that HD 106506 displays photospheric spots at all latitudes including a predominant polar spot. Azimuthal and radial magnetic images of this star have been derived, and a significant azimuthal magnetic field is indicated, in line with other active young stars. A solar‐like differential rotation law was incorporated into the imaging process. Using Stokes I information the equatorial rotation rate, Ωeq, was found to be 4.54 ± 0.01 rad d−1, with a photospheric shear δΩ of 0.21+0.02−0.03 rad d−1. This equates to an equatorial rotation period of ∼1.39 ± 0.01 d, with the equatorial region lapping the poles every ∼ 30+5−3 d. Using the magnetic features, the equatorial rotation rate, Ωeq, was found to be 4.51 ± 0.01 rad d−1, with a photospheric shear δΩ of 0.24 ± 0.03 rad d−1. This differential rotation is approximately four times that observed on the Sun.
Financed by the National Centre for Research and Development under grant No. SP/I/1/77065/10 by the strategic scientific research and experimental development program:
SYNAT - "Interdisciplinary System for Interactive Scientific and Scientific-Technical Information".


Tracking documentation progress
21st December, 2017
Applies to: 6.x versions, Article available also for: 9.x (current), 8.x, 7.x, 5.x
You are looking at documentation for an older release.
One of the features of Dataedo is documentation progress tracking.
To enable it, click the Show progress button on the ribbon. Show progress button
Progress bars will appear in the documentation tree. Progress displayed
Progress of individual objects
Progress of documentation of an object is calculated with a following formula:
Progress = Actual points/Total points
Total points = 5 (main description) + [number of columns] + [number of keys] + [number of relations] + [number of triggers] + [number of inputs/outputs]
Actual points = 5 if main description is non blank + 1 for each column where description is non blank + 1 for each key with description + 1 for each relation with description + 1 for each trigger with description + 1 for each input/output with description
Progress at 0% means that no descriptions are present in the repository.
Progress at 100% means that all required descriptions are filled (non blank) in the repository.
Progress of documentation
Dataedo aggregates progress of objects up to the folders and modules and eventually to documentation level (database/connection). Documentation progress of documentation is a total of all documentation objects (tables, views, procedures and functions):
Progress = Sum of actual points of all objects/Sum of total points of all objects
Progress of module
Dataedo shows a progress for each specific module. The formula is the same as for documentation, but including only objects assigned to module.
Progress of object type/folder
The same logic applies to counting progress of documentation of particular object type - all tables, views, etc. are summarized.
More information
Ignoring triggers, keys and relations in progress calculations
Found issue with this article? Comment below


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Winner of the 2020 Society of Professors of Education Outstanding Book Award
Drawing on personal stories, research, and historical events, an esteemed educator offers a vision of educational justice inspired by the rebellious spirit and methods of abolitionists.
Drawing on her life's work of teaching and researching in urban schools, Bettina Love persuasively argues that educators must teach students about racial violence, oppression, and how to make sustainable change in their communities through radical civic initiatives and movements. She argues that the US educational system is maintained by and profits from the suffering of children of color. Instead of trying to repair a flawed system, educational reformers offer survival tactics in the forms of test-taking skills, acronyms, grit labs, and character education, which Love calls the educational survival complex.
To dismantle the educational survival complex and to achieve educational freedom—not merely reform—teachers, parents, and community leaders must approach education with the imagination, determination, boldness, and urgency of an abolitionist. Following in the tradition of activists like Ella Baker, Bayard Rustin, and Fannie Lou Hamer, We Want to Do More Than Survive introduces an alternative to traditional modes of educational reform and expands our ideas of civic engagement and intersectional justice.
"Offering readers a profoundly fresh perspective on teaching, Bettina Love breaks new ground. Using both the language of critical thinking and radical resistance, this book challenges and dares us all to teach for justice."
— bell hooks
- Item Weight: 13.4 ounces
- Hardcover: 200 pages
- ISBN-10: _PHONE_
- ISBN-13: 9780807069158
- Product Dimensions: 5.72 x 0.79 x 8.76 inches
- Publisher: Beacon Press; Illustrated Edition (February 19, 2019)
- Language: English


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Technical and vocational education and training (TVET) is often seen to be constraining and focused on specific skill development for specific occupations. This goal is at odds with the demands of a knowledge economy that requires more general educational outcomes for an uncertain and unpredictable labour market. For this reason, Hui (2012) has adopted a broader definition of student learning outcomes and assessed the extent to which 'cultural literacy' might be a preferred goal for TVET to supplement the skills training element. Cultural literacy refers to an individual's world view, ways to interact with people, character, personal ethics, values and style. Hui's study highlighted the need for TVET to emphasise the development of these generic outcomes, students' comprehensive attitudes and personal qualities in particular. To achieve greater control over the quality of outcomes, this study aims to investigate the influence of students' participation in institutional activities on their growth. Through modifying the well-known National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE), this study examines the relationship between the five benchmarks of effective educational practice and students' cultural literacy and their self-reported academic performance. Results of a survey study of 238 Hong Kong TVET students indicated that some of the benchmarks could predict to a strong and moderate degree these two important outcomes. It is argued that proper planning and facilitation of educationally purposive activities could enhance both their learning and development. This article will contribute to the discussion on how to advance TVET students' learning performance. Copyright © 2015 Behalf of UCU.
CitationHui, S. K. F., & Cheung, H. Y. (2015). Cultural literacy and student engagement: The case of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) in Hong Kong. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 39(4), 553-578.
- Technical and vocational education and training (TVET)
- Student engagement
- Hong Kong
- Cultural literacy
- Outcomes of learning


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So this gets complicated. Here is a good link explaining some of the differences between rating systems.
PAR Watts is a good way of measuring how much radiative energy is being produced in the relevant wavelengths per plant. You can figure it by taking the raw bulb spectrum and weighting it by the PAR plot I linked above.
The problem with this is that the response from a plant from a high vs. low energy photon (for example, blue vs. red) is often the same. The reason this is so is because a fixed energy input is required for a particular chemical process to occur, and all excess energy is wasted, converted into heat, luminescence, or other modes of energy.
An analogy would be me vs. fdd or browndirtwarrior stepping up to that thing at the carnival where you hit the target with the hammer, and it runs up the pole toward the bell. Say the bell is low enough that I can hit it. Then it doesn't matter if fdd or bdw can hit the target harder - we all make the bell ding - and the fact that they hit it harder might make the bell ring louder or the thing come harder back down the pole. All that matters in the end is that the bell dinged. I am red light, and the other two are, say, blue light.
The reason that this skews PAR watts is that watts is a unit based on energy. So, if we look at the PAR based on quantum efficiency (% absorbed/used photons vs. photons striking the plant), the white line here, and find that I'm 680nm (red), the others are 440nm (blue), but that we have the same quantum efficiency, what does that mean? It means that we induce the same average number of chemical reactions per photon, or dings per swing in our analogy. When you calculate PAR Watts, however, it tells a different story.
Since light's energy is inversely proportional to wavelength, the blue light has more energy. To be precise, it is in our case 680/440=1.54 x as much energy as the red light.
This means that when computing PAR Watts, the blue photon counts 1.5x as much as the red one, despite the fact that they induce the same reaction. By looking at the PAR plot, however, you can see that most red light is roughly 2x as efficient, so this is partially compensated for.
These differences, however, have led others to compute the meaningful radiation in terms of PFF - photosynthetic photon flux - the number of photons that are meaningful. This eliminates the aforementioned efficiency complications.
Anyway, it's complicated, but PAR Watts are not an altogether bad way to measure the amount of meaningful light. I'll convert those spectra to PAR Watts if I get around to it... or blazed enough.
The one really useful thing PUR can account for, however, is that some plants max out in certain energies. So even if green has 10% efficiency, a plant can only use so much of it per unit area and then it doesn't give a crap. Otherwise, you could just load up on a billion green lights and still grow great pot.
Until PUR spectra are available for cannabis, it's not practically useful. In addition, this method of rating lights was introduced back in 78 in one research paper. If I had a dollar for every scientist in my field who wanted to reformulate their own definition for the problem they're addressing - complete with their own fancy acronym that they'd like to see catch on - I"d have a secretary typing this for me.
For the most part, I'm finding that it's used by the government for development of LEDs (as reported by the commercial vendor below), but being championed by the company that makes PURple bulbs. Besides that, there really isn't much information on it at all. No wiki = no cookie.
I think that with the basics and common sense - don't try to overcome spectral limitations with raw power - PAR's about as good as PUR.
This question cannot be answered meaningfully without more information - how big, what kind of growth you want... why you would only grow one plant? I would assume when someone says 'the least' they are concerned about spending a few bucks on light. I cannot really identify with that being my primary concern, as opposed to, say, rate and quality of plant growth.


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Spring foraging activities:
Foraging is a great way to get children interested in their natural environments and engaging with different types of plants in new ways. Below are four basic and easy to find foraging plants that you can find on walks around the countryside and in hedgerows to make delicious drinks and meals with:
A really simple thing to do is pick the fresh leaves and chop with butter, toasted on some bread makes a yummy garlic bread. For more wild garlic recipes and how to find it click the link below:
To most, dandelions are just weeds, however the whole of the plant is edible and can be used to make natural dyes, salads and even a natural coffee! See below for how:
(You can skip the dehydrator stage if you don't have one)
This versatile weed can be made into a yummy crisp snack or used in more filling meals such as nettle soup:
(See images below for an alternative to this recipe).
Goose grass/sticky weed spring tonic
Not just a funny trick to throw on your friends back, sticky weed is packed full of goodness:
What natural food and drink creations can you find and make?


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- 5-day course focused on the Arctic offshore and pipeline knowledge required to meet basic and competent skill levels in Arctic oil and gas development engineering
- Will provide in-depth instruction in ice environment characterization, ice mechanics, pipeline engineering, permafrost ships in ice, and Arctic offshore structures
- Special attention will be given to the ISO 19906 code requirements and recommended methods therein
- Gain a competent knowledge within the majority of the Arctic development skill areas (Ice mechanics, Fixed and Floating Structures, Marine Transport, Arctic Pipelines, Geotechnical/permafrost)
- Understand Arctic structures and facilities and Arctic design hazards
- Understand how the Arctic environment is characterized and procedures for predicting loads on structures
- Understand the design philosophy and methodology of the ISO 19906 standard
This course was developed under the now-concluded 5-year CARD program, which focused on medium to long term challenges to resource development in high latitudes. For more information on this program, please visit the program website.


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Sand Castle Craft
is a wonderful Summer craft for kids. The castle is made using empty
paper towel tubes and some play sand from the sand box or the beach.
Children love working with the sand, and the castle can be personalized
with a flag with the child's name. This is a great craft for
summer camps or for summer preschoolers.
- 2 empty paper
- Play sand
- White glue
- Colored construction paper or card stock
craft stick (popsicle stick)
- Paints or markers
1. Begin the sandcastle craft by cutting the paper towel
four different lengths, as shown. The size of each length is not
important, and it makes each sandcastle look unique.
2. Pour some play sand on to the paper plate,
covering the entire
bottom of the plate.
3. Using a paint brush, paint on a thick coat of
white glue all over
the paper towel tube. Or, if you are having a lot of children do this
craft, you could pour the glue on to a plastic plate and have the
children roll their tubes in glue.
4. Next, roll each paper towel tube in the sand
on the plate, to cover
the tube. Shake off the excess and allow each tube to dry thoroughly.
5. Add more sand to the paper plate if
necessary, and add a dollop of
glue to the sand, as shown. Use a spoon and stir the glue into the sand
to create a wet, sludgy sand. Stand the sand covered tubes on the paper
plate, arranging them with the tallest in the back, and the shortest
near the front. Push the glue-sand mix all around the tubes. This helps
support them to stand. Spread the rest of the sand-glue mixture all
over the plate. Allow everything to dry.
6. To make a flag, color or paint the
wooden craft stick (optional).
Fold a small piece of colored construction paper or card stock in half,
and cut out a triangle flag shape as shown. This can be personalized
with the child's name. Glue the wooden craft stick inside the
folded triangle shape, and glue the flag to the inside of one of the
sandcastle craft is complete!
Did You Make This Craft? Do You Have Comments/Questions to Share?
How did you make your craft different? Please tell us! Do you have tips or ideas to make this craft better? Please share your story here! You can even upload a photo of your craft if you like. Feel free to give suggestions, or post any questions you may have related to this craft. I will post my answer for everyone to see.
from Sandcastle Craft to Summer Crafts
to the Crafts For All Seasons Home Page