The Dihedral group makes sense, "Di" means two, and "hedral" means.. shape I think (I've just realised how much of what I think words mean are guesses based on experience) like a "polygon" is a 2d shape, a "polyhedron" I've always thought is just "any shape" (example 3 dimensions). So "Dihedral" means 2 dimensions, which it is. (Octagon and cube have different... reflection+rotation groups (I hope))
The symmetric group has nothing to do with symmetries of shapes, it instead is the group of all bijections from one set to another. I suppose this means symmetry as in "abc->acb" has the "symmetric" version "$abc\to bac$".
Now the alternating group... I have no idea.
Now I discovered these in "Algebra" and "Abstract Algebra" but I've peeked at the contents page of the Combinatorics book I am reading and the symmetric is discussed there, this makes a lot of sense really, combinatorics seems to be the study of finite functions and seems to be easier than functions on the reals and stuff (which felt odd as I was sketching $x^3$ before I was considering "discreet" functions, but if anything they're easier)
So I guess that they were named because Combinatorics got there first. How? What (general case) question was being faced that lead to the solution being called "The symmetric group" (or even set, I doubt combinatorics would care that it is a group).
Sometimes how and why are similar, like turning points, "how did we decide to call $\frac{dy}{dx}=0$ a turning point" and "why" are identical. However there may be many "whys" with these groups as they apply in many areas, there can be only one how. Where the term first cropped up would be a good starting point, but I've yet to find anything.
I'll answer this myself if my searching yields anything.
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ Just a guess: the map $S_n\to \pm 1$ alternates between $1$ and $-1$, and has kernel $A_n$, which may be the source of that name. $\endgroup$ – Alex Becker Mar 26 '14 at 1:48
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_ I hate to ask this (I may look daft) but what is that map? The map that assigns a permutation on n to + or -1? (how would it do it), I'm also not sure what a kernel would be in that case, unless 1 is the identity permutation. $\endgroup$ – Alec Teal Mar 26 '14 at 1:50
 - $\begingroup$ There are various ways to define it. The simplest is probably to write a permutation as a matrix and take its determinant. $\pm 1$ is just the group $\{1,-1\}$ under multiplication, so $1$ is the identity and the kernel is the preimage of $1$. $\endgroup$ – Alex Becker Mar 26 '14 at 1:58
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ I don;t think there's any reason to feel silly; everyone had to learn that at some point. But feel free to delete the comment if you wish. $\endgroup$ – Alex Becker Mar 26 '14 at 2:02
This is taken from Timothy Chow's answer at _URL_ which addresses your question:
In Burnside's book, Theory of Groups of Finite Order, when defining the symmetric and alternating groups, he puts an asterisk next to the word "alternating" and adds the following footnote:
"The symmetric group has been so called because the only functions of the $n$ symbols which are unaltered by all the substitutions of the group are the symmetric functions. All the substitutions of the alternating group leave the square root of the discriminant unaltered."
By "the square root of the discriminant," Burnside means the polynomial $$\prod_{r=1}^{n-1}\prod_{s=r+1}^n (a_r-a_s),$$ which of course is an alternating polynomial.
 - $\begingroup$ I did a small edit to add the name of the author of the answer you are quoting. $\endgroup$ – Andrés E. Caicedo Mar 26 '14 at 1:59
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_ Thanks for the helpful edit! $\endgroup$ – user122283 Mar 26 '14 at 2:00
 - $\begingroup$ @ sanath: good reference $\endgroup$ – Groups Jun 7 '15 at 5:09
Your Answer


Write to file using a BufferedWriter
When you want to output text to a file it's better to use a Writer class instead of an OutputStream such as the BufferedOutputStream since the purpose of Writer classes are to handle textual content.
With the BufferedWriter (as opposed to the BufferedOutputStream) you don't have to translate your String parameter to a byte array, and there is also a handy method for writing a new line character.
In this example we simply write two lines of text, and finally we call flush on the BufferedWriter object before closing it.
The output to the file will look like this when you run the code:
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3 thoughts on "Write to file using a BufferedWriter
 - Hi Daniel,
 A PrintWriter could be used. But the main advantages with a BufferedWriter is that it (like the name implies) buffers data before it actually writes it to the physical file. That makes it more efficient. In this little example it might not matter, but if large amounts of data will be written it does matter.
 Another advantage with the BufferedWriter is that it actually throws exceptions if something goes wrong. The PrintWriter's methods however don't throw any exceptions, so we can't know if anything has gone wrong (some of the constructors do, but that's all).
Any thoughts or questions?


Caterpillar (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)
The Caterpillar (also known as the Hookah-Smoking Caterpillar) is a fictional character appearing in Lewis Carroll's 1865 book Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.
Alice character
Alice 05a-1116x1492.jpg
The Caterpillar using a hookah; an illustration by John Tenniel. The illustration is noted for its ambiguous central figure, whose head can be viewed as being a human male's face with a pointed nose and protruding chin or being the head end of an actual caterpillar, with two "true" legs visible.[1]
First appearanceAlice's Adventures in Wonderland
Created byLewis Carroll
In-universe information
AliasHookah-Smoking Caterpillar, Absolem
NicknameThe Blue Caterpillar
In the bookEdit
Introduced in Chapter Four ("Rabbit Sends in a Little Bill") and the main center of interest of Chapter V ("Advice from a Caterpillar"), the Caterpillar is a hookah-smoking caterpillar exactly three inches high (a height, the virtues of which, he defends against Alice's complaint). Alice does not like the Caterpillar when they first meet, because he does not immediately talk to her and when he does, it is usually in short, rather rude sentences, or difficult questions.
The original illustration by John Tenniel is something of a visual paradox, wherein the caterpillar's human face appears to be formed from the head and legs of a naturalistic caterpillar.[1]
In other mediaEdit
The Caterpillar makes an appearance in a few other places outside Alice's Adventures in Wonderland:
 - The Caterpillar appeared in the novel The Looking-Glass Wars and he plays the role of an oracle.
 - In the SyFy TV miniseries Alice, the Caterpillar is the leader of the underground resistance to the Queen of Hearts.
 - The Caterpillar also makes an appearance in "Curiouser and Curiouser," an episode of the television show Forever Knight, in the form of a child's toy.
 - In the ''Murdoch Mysteries'' TV show episode "Murdoch in Wonderland," the titular character is framed for murder following an "Alice in Wonderland" themed costume party. The host, Constance Gardenier, dresses herself as the Caterpillar.
 - The Caterpillar appeared in the video game American McGee's Alice and its sequel Alice Madness Returns, voiced by Jarion Monroe. He is the wisest denizen in Wonderland and provides guidance to Alice in both games.
 - The Caterpillar makes a cameo appearance in the Sunsoft's 2006 mobile game Alice's Warped Wonderland (歪みの国のアリス, Yugami no kuni no Arisu, Alice in Distortion World). The Caterpillar appears only in one scenario branch of the bad endings, warning Ariko (the "Alice" of the game) that Cheshire Cat has become dangerous, but is shortly squished to death by Cheshire Cat. The Caterpillar takes the form of a miniature human man in a green sleeping bag.[2][3]
 - In several Marvel Comics stories featuring Doctor Strange, the magical entity Agamotto has appeared in a form resembling the Caterpillar.
 - In popular music, the Caterpillar is mentioned in Jefferson Airplane's "White Rabbit" (1967), a song containing many references to the book Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.
 - In the 2003 horror crossover film Freddy vs. Jason, Freddy Kreuger takes the form of the Caterpillar and smokes a hookah in Freeburg's dream.
 - In one episode of Ouran High School Host Club called "Haruhi in Wonderland", Kyoya Otori is dressed as the Caterpillar.
 - The Caterpillar appears in the Mad T Party at Disney's California Adventure park, where he plays the keyboard.
 - The Caterpillar is also referenced in Melanie Martinez's song Mad Hatter.
 - The Caterpillar turned moth is also a main male character in The Splintered Series by A.G. Howard, in this series his name is Morpheus
 - Vladimir Nabokov refers to "the elenctic tones of Lewis Carroll's caterpillar" when describing the voice of a "stupid and suspicious" hotel manager in The Real Life of Sebastian Knight.
 - In Magical Girl Raising Project 4th arc named "JOKERS", a character named Uttakatta is based in the Caterpillar, several characters in the franchise were based in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland Characters. Like Hardgore Alice, Grim Heart or Shufflin.
Disney filmEdit
Blue Caterpillar
First appearanceAlice in Wonderland
Created byLewis Carroll
Voiced byRichard Haydn (original film)
Corey Burton (House of Mouse)
In-universe information
His memorable phrase is a breathy "Whooo ... are ... you?". In the Disney animated film, this line is visualised as exhalations of smoke in the shapes "O", "R" and "U". Alice remarks in the original story that the Caterpillar will one day turn into a butterfly, and in both the 1999 television film and Disney's 1951 version he does so in Alice's presence. He is voiced by Richard Haydn.
The Caterpillar in the Disney film is a blue creature who, as in the original Carroll story, smokes a hookah. He is seen as a very forthright character as he yells at Alice quite often during the scenes in which they both appear. He blows smoke in Alice's face and when she needs assistance he ignores her. He is a quite mean character providing little to no assistance to Alice and ends up confusing her more while she is trapped in Wonderland. He then ignores her and turns into a butterfly and flutters away not caring whether or not Alice makes it out alive. He also instructs her to eat a mushroom but does not say what it does thus putting her into possible danger. He briefly appears during the second caucus race. He reappears one final time during the ending chase, still in butterfly form but once again smoking on his hookah, and again ignoring Alice when she asks for his help escaping the Queen of Hearts.[4]
Tim Burton filmsEdit
Absalom the Caterpillar
First appearanceAlice in Wonderland
Created byLewis Carroll and Tim Burton
Voiced byAlan Rickman
Alan Rickman voices the Caterpillar, who in this adaptation is named Absolem.[5] Rickman was filmed while recording his voice in a studio, but his face was not composited onto the character's face as originally planned.[6]
He appears five times in the movie. The first time is outside Wonderland, when a young man named Hamish Ascot is about to propose to Alice and she notices a blue caterpillar on his shoulder. The second time is when Nivens McTwisp the White Rabbit, Tweedledum and Tweedledee, Mallymkun the Dormouse, and the Uilleam the Dodo consider Alice's identity, and they consult him. Absolem appears in a thick cloud of hookah smoke, which he blows at Alice. He appears again after Alice arrives at the White Queen's Castle, and again to remind Alice of her previous visit to Wonderland. He blows smoke at her twice this time, and Alice asks him to stop it. At the end of the movie, Absolem, as a butterfly, appears on Alice's shoulder as she sets off for China.
Rickman reprises the role in Alice Through the Looking Glass (2016), though he remains a butterfly, leading Alice to the looking-glass portal to Underland and informing her that matters require her urgent attention. He isn't seen again for the rest of the film but makes a cameo in the credits. This was also his final film performance and the film is dedicated in his memory.
Once Upon a TimeEdit
 - The Caterpillar appears in an episode of Once Upon a Time, voiced by Roger Daltrey.
 - The Caterpillar appears in the Once Upon a Time in Wonderland episode "Forget Me Not" voiced by Iggy Pop, wherein he operates a meeting-house for the transaction of criminal business. He is consulted twice by Alice for assistance in an adventure of her own.
 1. ^ a b "And do you see its long nose and chin? At least, they look exactly like a nose and chin, don't they? But they really are two of its legs. You know a Caterpillar has got quantities of legs: you can see more of them, further down." Carroll, Lewis. The Nursery "Alice". Dover Publications (1966), p27.
 2. ^ "Alice's Warped Wonderland". Sunsoft. Retrieved August 26, 2018.
 3. ^ "Alice's Warped Wonderland ~Encore~". Sunsoft. Retrieved August 26, 2018.
 4. ^ "Caterpillar -". Retrieved 2015-10-20.
 5. ^ "Alice in Wonderland – Glossary of Terms/Script (early draft)" (PDF). Walt Disney Pictures. Retrieved March 30, 2010. (early draft of the film script, first started Feb. 2007)
 6. ^ Topel, Fred (December 19, 2008). "Alan Rickman talks about Alice in Wonderland". Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved February 21, 2010.


H2020 UpgradeDH launches campaign: become a _TAG_
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UpgradeDH is launching an image raising campaign to promote modern district heating networks. The campaign aims to improve the perception of district heating at local level, thus establishing district heating as a viable solution for the energy transition, in the minds of citizens. This will be carried out through different visual communication activities. First, a brochure "District Heating and Cooling. A modern solution to traditional challenges" (see attachment) which describes in simple terms what is district heating, its features and operating principles, and the benefits of implementing district heating at local, national and global levels.
Second, an animation video entitled "Decarbonising DHC For Our Cities", in order to get a clear vision and simple explanation of what the project is about (available in many European languages to reach as much audience as possible). Third, a social media campaign _TAG_ in order to raise awareness and interest among the general public.
Here you can find information on DHC, as well as its role in decarbonising our cities. In addition, it highlights examples of decarbonisation success stories thought an integrated _TAG_ map.
Additional documents


text:
What you Need
What to do
Hold the rubber band firmly at each end.
Touch it to your lips, and remember its temperature.
Move it away slightly and stretch it as far as it will comfortably go.
Touch it to your lips again.
Hold it stretched for a few seconds, then allow it to shrink back to its normal size again.
Feel the temperature again.
Is there any difference?
What may happen
You should find that the rubber band gets slightly warmer when you stretch it, and then slightly cooler as it shrinks again.
Why does it happen?
Rubber contains millions of randomly coiled long molecules called polymers, which are each made of shorter molecules known as monomers. At certain points the long polymer chains are joined together or crosslinked, but they are otherwise free to move around or vibrate owing to the heat energy in the structure.
When you stretch a piece of rubber the coiled molecules are pulled straight; when you let go again they move around at random through thermal vibrations, which restore them to their more compact coiled configuration.
So why does an elastic band become hotter when you stretch it and colder when it shrinks?
When you stretch the rubber band you are adding energy to the rubber, which causes it to vibrate more strongly and this makes it hotter. Then, when you let go, the rubber molecules must do work to pull the polymer chains back into their compact configuration; since this process uses energy, the eleastic band must have less energy after it has shrunk and therefore it becomes colder.
Below is a simple computer model of a small rubber molecule. You can drag the green end around and see what happens to the average energy and therefore the temperature of the molecule.
Part of the show Clothed Questions - Naked Answers from the 4th May 2008

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Effect of cooling rate during solidification of Aluminum - chromium alloy
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering.
MetadataShow full item record
Controlling the distribution of alloying elements in aluminum casting and designing new processing practices are supported by an enhanced understanding of the thermodynamics and kinetics of solidification at industrial scales. While the behavior of eutectic forming elements such as copper has received a lot of attention, the interactions of peritectic-forming elements such as chromium is understudied. We herein use a time-dependent nucleation model for the calculation of the incubation time of nuclei in the liquid. This characteristic time is computed at various temperatures, and the results are presented in the form of a time-temperature diagram. Liquid phase thermodynamics of dilute compositions in the aluminum-chromium system are experimentally informed using the electrochemical potential difference method. Thermodynamic data obtained from these investigations are used to inform physical properties of the aluminum-chromium melt. The aforementioned time-temperature diagrams are recalculated using experimental data and theoretical cooling rates for phase selection are calculated. Critical cooling rates calculated from the model are applied to industrially relevant practices such as DC casting and Twin roll casting.
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, May, 2020Cataloged from the official PDF of thesis. Page 86 blank.Includes bibliographical references.
DepartmentMassachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Materials Science and Engineering.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
This study proposed a new way to formulate a low energy super-sulfated cement (SSC) which can be used to produce self-compacting concrete (SCC) with high compressive strength and durability in terms of chloride penetration resistance. This innovative SSC, different from the traditional SSC, was purely produced with a ternary mixture of three industrial by-products of ground granulated blast furnace slag, low calcium Class F fly ash and circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) fly ash and was denoted as SFC-SSC (super-sulfated cement made by mixture of slag, Class F fly ash and CFBC fly ash). Experimental results showed that the combination of a fixed amount of 15 wt.% of CFBC fly ash with various ratios of Class F fly ash to slag could be used to produce the hardened SCCs with high 28-day compressive strengths (41.8 - 65.6 MPa). Addition of Class F fly ash led to the resulting SCCs with lowered price and preferable engineering properties, and thus it was considered as state-of-the-art method to drive such type of concrete towards sustainable construction materials.
Super-sulfated cement (SSC), which is fabricated mostly without OPC, has been the research interest because of its low heat of hydration and superior resistance to chemical attacks. In the past decades, the SSC has been commonly used as one of commercial cements in Europe and India because when compared with the OPC manufacture, its manufacture is the simple, little consumption of natural material and energy and low carbon dioxide emissions -. Normally, the mixture of 80% - 85% ground granulated blast furnace slag, 10% - 15% sulfate activator (anhydrite or gypsum) and low amount of OPC (normally 5%) has been widely used for fabricating SSCs . For SSCs, because the glassy phases in slag are mostly monosilicates similar to those in Portland cement clinker, the slag particles will easily dissolve in low to mild alkaline solution and thus it plays a primary role as the main powder. However, the slag with large surface area and sharp particles cause the poor workability of the SSCs. Moreover, the cost of the SSCs is high due to the limited quantity of raw materials, such as slag required to include high alumina . To lower the cost of the SSC, the circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) fly ash has been used as activator instead of mixture of gypsum and OPC/hydrated lime used in traditional SSC . Similar to the conventional SSC, the SSCs triggered by CFBC fly ash also face the poor workability and the high cost because of high amount of slag. To reduce the cost of the SSC, the utilization of slag/fly ash blending powder triggered by flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum was proposed . However, the negative effect of fly ash additive on the compressive strength of cement was also observed. Therefore, the challenge of fabricating the SSCs with reduced cost and increased mechanical property is always the goal to pursue better SSCs with 100% by-product wastes. This study proposes a new way to produce highstrength self-compacting concrete (SCC) with an innovative low energy SSC, which, different from the aforementioned SSC, is purely composed of a ternary mixture of three industrial solid by-products of ground granulated blast furnace slag (S), low calcium Class F fly ash (F) and circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) fly ash (C). The addition of Class F fly ash in SFC-SSC (super-sulfated cement produced by mixture of slag, Class F fly ash and CFBC fly ash) is to improve both workability and mechanical properties of high-strength SFC-SSC concrete. According to the resulting mechanical and durability behaviors, the SFC-SSC concrete in this investigation challenges the conventional SCC concretes by eliminating the cost of OPC and reducing environmental impacts. This SFC-SSC concrete, therefore, is an important choice for the development of sustainability, as pointed out by Damtoft et al..
2. Experimental Program
2.1. Materials and Mix Proportions of SFC-SSC Concrete
The commercial Type I Portland cement in accordance to ASTM C150 was used as the reference binder. Mixture of Class F fly ash (FFA), ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and CFBC fly ash (CFA) were used to produce the SFC-SSC. The chemical and mineral compositions of raw materials were shown in Table 1 and Figure 1, respectively. Crushed natural stone with maximum size of 20 mm and river sand with fineness modulus (FM) of 2.9 were used as coarse and fine aggregates, respectively. The specific gravities of sand and crushed stone are 2.65 and 2.67, and water absorptions are 0.8% and 1.0%, respectively. Both sand and crushed stone were carefully washed to ensure good binding in concrete mixtures.
Table 1. Physical properties and chemical compositions of three industrial solid by-products.
GGBFS: ground granulated blast furnace slag; FFA: Class F fly ash; CFA: circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) fly ash.
In this study, the CFA with a fixed 15 wt.% of the combined mixture of FFA and GGBFS was used to trigger the hydration of SFC-SSC. Five values of 0, 10, 20, 30 and 50 wt.% of FFA, as partial replacement for GGBFS by 0, 10, 20, 30 and 50 wt.%, were used to produce SFC-SSC. Flowable plain OPC concrete was cast for comparison. In addition, the concrete specimen using slag-CFA binder with an optimum mixture of 80 wt.% GGBFS and 20 wt.% CFA, as suggested by Dung, Chang, was also produced for comparison. The water to binder ratio (W/B) of SFC-SSC concrete was fixed at 0.3. The volume of paste and weight ratio of sand to mixture of sand and stone were fixed at 37.05% and 0.55, respectively. To control the workability of fresh concretes, Type G superplasticizer (SP) was used. The mix proportions of SFC-SSC concretes are shown in Table 2, where in the mixture designation, the characters F and C refer to the Class F fly ash (FFA) and CFBC fly ash (CFA), respectively. The numbers immediately following the characters represent the weight percentage of the materials used in the no-cement SFC binder.
2.2. Specimen Preparation and Test Methods
The property of fresh SFC-SSC concrete was adjusted in accordance with consistency and unconfined flow
Figure 1. XRD patterns of three industrial solid by-products.
Table 2. Mix proportions for self-compacting concrete (SFC-SSC concrete).
OPC: Ordinary Portland Cement; SP: Type G superplasticizer.
potential as suggested by ASTM C1611 and passing ability by J-Ring proposed by ASTM C1621. The cylindrical specimens of SFC-SSC concretes with diameter of 100 mm and length of 200 mm were cast for the tests of compressive strength in accordance to ASTM C39 and rapid chloride penetration test (RCPT) in accordance to ASTM C1202. After 24 hours of curing in the molds at room temperature of 27˚C ± 2˚C, all specimens were removed and cured in the room temperature of 27˚C ± 2˚C and 65 % RH. To interpret the effect of mix proportion on the cost of the SFC-SSC concrete, the strength efficiency (SE) of concretes was calculated. The formula of the SE for the SFC-SSC concrete is assumed to be described as:
where,, and are the strength efficiency of SFC-SSC concretes, compressive strengths of concretes at testing time, and weight of GGBFS in a cubic mix proportion of concrete, respectively. Because the cost of GGBFS is higher than that of FFA or CFA, the decrease of cost of the SFC-SSC was associated with the increase of SE.
3. Results and Discussion
The fresh properties of the resulting SFC-SSC concretes are summarized in Table 3 and visually described in Figure 2. Table 3 shows that most of the SFC-SSC concretes illustrated the slump flow in range of 60 - 65 cm, as normally suggested for SCC manufacture. The increased FFA additive led to the increased flowability as demonstrated by the reducing amount of SP used. The visual stability index (VSI) values of the SFC-SSC concretes, based on ASTM C1611, were from 0 to 1 implies the accepted stability of the SFC-SSC concretes due to no segregation and bleeding (Figure 2). In this study, the SFC-SSC concretes with FFA additive had the excellent passing ability due to minor difference between slump flow and J-Ring flow (lower than 25 mm), which referred to no visible blocking. However, the SFC-SSC concretes without FFA additive had noticeable blocking during flowing because the difference between slump flow and J-Ring was beyond 25 mm. The increased CFA did not improve the fresh properties of the SFC-SSC concretes without FFA but


State-Facilitated Retirement Plans Can Save Taxpayers $33 Billion and Reduce Dependence on Government Programs
U.S. taxpayers could save almost $33 billion over the next 15 years if every state established a state-facilitated retirement savings plan for small-business employees, according to a new report from the University of Maine. While most of the savings would come from reduced costs paid by the federal government, state taxpayers would save almost $7.8 billion. The savings reflect the lower cost for basic government benefits new retirees would otherwise need if they continue to be unable to save for retirement.
Today, about half of all fulland part-time workers, about 55 million in total, don't have access to a payroll deduction retirement savings plan. When employees don't have access to payroll deduction, very few of them save for retirement on a regular basis. And without significant retirement savings, millions of those retiring between 2018 and 2032 will be forced to rely on basic taxpayer-financed government programs to supplement their Social Security benefits. Recognizing this, almost 30 states are considering a state-facilitated retirement savings program that would enable small-business employees to build their own economic security.
When considering the data, it's easy to understand why states want to use this effective policy tool. Using public databases and widely accepted economic modeling tools, the University of Maine estimated the number of people who reach age 65 each year between 2018 and 2032, as well as their Social Security benefits and any additional income. The study then determined how many new retirees will have incomes so low that they will qualify for means-tested benefits (i.e., benefits available only to those below a certain income level) and the amount of benefits they would receive. The study considered both the total cost of those benefits as well as the share of that cost paid for by each of the 50 states.
Next, the study brings state-facilitated retirement savings plans into the equation. To do so, the study increases the retirement income of lower-earning workers by just $1,000 a year and estimates how many fewer retirees would need the taxpayer-paid services. Some of these people would permanently avoid needing these programs, and some would be able to delay starting those payments. In both cases, taxpayers would see reduced costs. In addition to the national study, which also includes Maine state numbers, the researchers developed individual state data showing how much taxpayers in each state could save.
As the study shows, state-facilitated retirement savings plans would reduce the costs for taxpayers — to the tune of $33 billion — and reduce dependence on government programs by allowing workers to rely on their own resources to build retirement security. Today, only 1 out of 7 small businesses offer their employees a payroll deduction retirement savings plan. State-facilitated retirement savings plans for small-business employees would be simple, low-cost and easy to understand for both employers and their workers. Enabling Americans to depend more on their own resources is a valid goal in itself. The fact that such a plan would also save taxpayers money is an added benefit.
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text:
The big-ticket item on the electric bill, especially in cold climates, for the 30 percent of U.S. households with electric heat.
Average cost per year: $817
Today's most efficient models use half the power of units made before 1993.
So the cost could triple if you plug in the old icebox in the basement.
Average cost per year: $113
Energy use rises and falls with the intensity of screen images, but the popular 42-inch-screen TVs with plasma technology can burn three times the power of old cathode-ray tube sets.
Average cost per year: $50 - $60
The 42-inch LCD TVs use less juice than plasma but twice the power of an old tube TV. In November, new Energy Star standards should help consumers seek efficient models.
Average cost per year: $38 - $40
The cable or satellite converter box adds to the energy cost of TV viewing by sucking electricity at the same rate whether turned on or off.
Average cost per year: $27
Digital Photo Frame
Like many new gadgets, this adds just a little to each electric bill, but policymakers worry about the cumulative impact once the frames saturate the market.
Average cost per year: $9
Sources: Electric Power Research Institute, Energy Information Administration, Tacoma Power


Foreseeing a day in the not-too-distant future when pilotless helicopters may fly to people in need of rescue, Collins Aerospace's next generation hoist, the Pegasus, will have the ability to be controlled digitally – even eventually wirelessly.
The company anticipates the Pegasus will enter production in 2021 and doesn't foresee it being used on an autonomous helicopter anytime soon. However, with customers testing autonomous helicopters, such as Sikorsky's S-70 Black Hawk Optionally Piloted Vehicle, Collins wants to be prepared.
Pegasus Hoist - Collins Aerospace
Source: Collins Aerospace
Pegasus hoist
"These hoists are in operation for decades," says Samir Mehta, president of mechanical systems with Collins Aerospace. "And so, what we're doing is building in the ability for the hoist to be able to perform that kind of mission in the future."
In the near term, the ability to digitally control the Pegasus hoist could allow multiple people to operate the hardware, including pilots in the cockpit who could use an app to take over control should the primary operator become preoccupied, says Mehta.
A digitally controlled hoist also collects a lot of data about its operational history and health. For example, the Pegasus will be able to track its load, speed, cycles and temperatures, says Mehta.
That extra information spinning off the hoist could help operators avoid overheating, a problem which can damage the machine. Overheating can also force cooling off time, a major problem during busy, high-tempo periods of repeated rescues, such as during a nature disaster.
Ultimately, the company is hoping the digital technology it is incorporating into Pegasus will allow it to be used more often, while avoiding unnecessary maintenance.
"If you provide it with a digital backbone, you get closer towards condition-based maintenance," says Mehta. "Now, you're really only changing parts, components and assemblies when they need to be changed, not necessarily based upon some sort of predetermine overhaul or when the part actually fails."


Case Select format as the following
 syntax shows:
 Select Case Expression
 Case expr1a To expr2a:
 One or more VBA statements
 Case expr1b To expr2b:
 One or more VBA statements
 Case expr1c To expr2c:
 One or more VBA statements
 Case Else:
 One or more VBA statements
 End Select
 The Case lines require a range, such as 4 To 6. The To option enables you
 to match against a range instead of a relation or an exact match.
Notes on select case
 The format of Select Case makes it look as difficult as a complex nested
 If Else, but Select Case structures are easier to code and to maintain than
 their If Else counterparts. Select Case is a good substitute for long, nested
 If Else conditions when several choices are possible.
 The Case expression can be any VBA expression  such as a calculation, a
 string value, or a numeric value  provided that it results in an integer or a
 string value, and this must match the expressions data type.
 The Select Case structure is useful when you must make several choices
 based on data values. It can have two or more Case value sections, and the
 code that is executed depends on which value matches the expression. You
 can write an (optional) Case Else body of code which will be executed if
 none of the values match. Otherwise, nothing happens and control continues
 with the statement that follows End Select.
 Here is an example of a macro based on month_bonus range in the
 weeklysales worksheet of the SALESMAN.XLS workbook The purpose of
 the macro is to classify cells in the range weekTotal by assigning different
 colours to the cells depending on whether the cell value is less than 60, equal
 to 60, 61 to 70 or greater than 70. The colours then assigned would be green,
 red, blue and yellow respectively. In this example (Listing 6.7), we can see
 that the Select Case statement is used for this four-way selection.
 Listing 6.7 Implementing a multi-way If using Select Case
 Sub HighlightRanges ()
 Dim myCell As Object
 For Each myCell In Range ("weekTotal")
 Select Case myCell.Value
 Case Is < 60
 myCell.Interior.ColorIndex = 4 'green
 Case Is = 60
 myCell.Interior.ColorIndex = 3'red
 Case 61 To 70
 myCell.Interior.ColorIndex = 5 'blue
 Case Is > 60
 myCell.Interior.ColorIndex = 6 'yellow
 End Select
 End Sub
 Avoid using Select Case when a simple If or If Else will do the job. Unless you need
 to compare against more than a couple of values, use If and If Else statements because
 of their simplicity. Use Select Case instead of the embedded If Else when you have three
 or more options, because it keeps the code much simpler and easier to maintain.
The operators in VBA
 Table 6.4 indicates the symbols that are used for operators in VBA. These
 have been classified into three groups: Arithmetic, Comparison and Logical
Table 6.4 Operators in VBA
 Arithmetic Comparison Logical
 Exponentiation (^) Equality (=) Not
 Negation (-) Inequality (<>) And
 Integer division (\) Greater than (>) Xor
 String concatenation (&) Like, Is
 1 Write a macro that will prompt the user to input a persons name using an
 InputBox and output the message TooLong if the name is longer than 30
 characters, otherwise the macro should output the message Name OK.
 2 Open a new workbook using the default sheet1. Using the cell range C3:C12
 enter the following numeric data that represents student examination marks
 out of 100: 41, 55, 36, 59, 70, 67, 37, 69, 13, 62. Design a VBA macro using
 structured English pseudocode that will count the number of marks in each
 category as Distinctions (>=70), Credits (>=60 and < 70) Passes (>=40 and
 <60) and Failures (<40). From the pseudocode write the VBA macro using
 the Select Case to implement this program. Output the number in each of
 these categories using the cells E3: H3 under suitable headings.
 3 Open a new workbook and enter the table of data shown below into the cell
 range A2:J3 into sheet1:
 Orange Apple Apple Orange Pear Apple Lemon Orange Pear Lemon
 Lemon Orange Pears Orange Orange Lemon Orange Orange Apple Apple
 Write two separate VBA programs, one that uses multi-way If and the other
 that uses Select Case statements so that the cell colour is orange if the cell
 value is Orange, yellow if the cell value is Lemon, green if the cell value
 is Apple and blue if the cell value is Pear.
 4 Design a macro called categoriseMonthSales using structured English for
 the following task. It should check the value for:
 below 0 and 200 then colour the cell green (colorIndex = 31),
 between 201 and 500 colour the cell yellow (colorIndex=31),
 501 to 1000 colour the cell blue (colorIndex=5),
 above 1001, colour the cell another colour (colorIndex=3).
7 Loops
For Each... Next............. 130
For... Next loops............. 132
Exiting a For loop............ 137
Do... Loop................. 139
Loop termination............ 143
Which loop structure is best?.... 144
For Each... Next
 Use this structure when it is required to process all objects in a collection,
 such as loop around a range of cells in a worksheet. The loop will execute
 for as many times as there are elements in a specified group, e.g. each
 worksheet in a workbook, or each cell in a range.
 The For Each... Next loop has the basic syntax:
 For Each element In group
 For Each cell In Range(range_name)
 In this example the examination mark data shown on the worksheet in Figure
 7.1 is analysed so that the number of distinctions (70 or more), credits (50
 or more but less than 70) and failures (less than 50) is displayed for each
 gender in the positions shown. That is, the numbers in the ranges E9:G9 and
 E16:G16. The procedure, checkGenderProportions, has been designed by
 using a For Next loop which checks each cell in the range C6:C19  the
 ones that contain examination marks. During each repetition of the For loop,
 the cell is checked to see which category it falls into. You can see that the first
 If condition checks to see if the cell value is both female and a distinction,
 if it is, then the integer variable female_distinction_count is incremented.
 The same testing process is applied to each of the other categories. After the
 For Next loop has been completed, the categories are output.
Listing 7.1 Examination marks categorisation
 Sub checkGenderProportions()
 Dim cell As Object
 Dim female_distinction_count As Integer 'counter of female distinction
 Dim female_credit_count As Integer 'counter of female credit
 Dim female_fail_count As Integer 'counter of female failed
 Dim male_distinction_count As Integer 'counter of male distinction
 Dim male_credit_count As Integer 'counter of male credit
 Dim male_fail_count As Integer 'counter of male failed
 For Each cell In Range("c6:c19")
 If (cell. Value = "f") And (cell. Offset (0, -1).Value >= 70) Then
 female_distinction_count = female_distinction_count + 1
 ElseIf (cell.Value = "f") And (cell.Offset(0, -1).Value >= 50) Then
 female_credit_count = female_credit_count + 1
 ElseIf (cell.Value = "f") And (cell.Offset(0, -1).Value < 50) Then
 female_fail_count = female_fail_count + 1
 End If
 If (cell.Value = "m") And (cell.Offset(0, -1).Value >= 70) Then
 male_distinction_count = male_distinction_count + 1
 male_credit_count = male_credit_count + 1
 male_fail_count = male_fail_count + 1


text:
|Images courtesy of Slavery Still Exists.|
High school Language Arts teacher, Shelley Wright, uses project-based learning in her classroom in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan. After reading a fiction book about child slavery, her students were inspired to teach others about the issue of modern-day trafficking. As part of their work, they created images and videos -- as well as a social media campaign -- to inform and inspire others. You can see some of the images and photos here.
Students at Tualatin High School in Oregon were so shocked and motivated by a recent documentary about bullying in schools, that they launched an anti-bullying poster contest. The contest was part of an effort to reduce bullying in their own school community. You can see some of the posters here.
These two examples not only demonstrate the importance of integrating real-life learning into schooling, but highlight how powerful art and media can be as tools for positive change.
Like our blog? Please share it with others, comment, and/or subscribe to our RSS feed.


text:
Established in 1987, the Nature Trust of New Brunswick is a charitable land conservation organization that is responsible for conserving and stewarding more than 60 beautiful and diverse nature preserves throughout the province.
We conserve areas in New Brunswick that are ecologically significant,
establishing nature preserves that remain protected, forever
We steward the nature preserves through a network of volunteers and supporters;
We engage with the public on the importance of land conservation,
New Brunswick's natural heritage, biodiversity, and species at risk.


text:
Special Discounts for Pupils, Newly Called & Students
Browse Secondhand Online
At its heart this collection of essays concerns the current state of Indonesian environmental law, departing from the question of whether there is now a coherent and accessible framework for environmental management. The authors provide the reader with an overview of Indonesian environmental policymaking and the political context in which it has emerged. The essays analyse the general features and principles of the Environmental Management Act of 1997, the frameworks for enforcement and dispute resolution, and the relation with the vital areas of forestry law and spatial planning. Two more theoretical discussions that are highly topical in the Indonesian legal environmental discourse contextualise the subject: first, the use and role of the vital concepts of integration, harmonisation and co-ordination of environmental law and policy; and second, the relation between enforcement and voluntary compliance mechanisms. The authors also explore potential paths towards better environmental law in Indonesia.


order Dictyoptera
Also found in: Thesaurus.
Related to order Dictyoptera: order Isoptera
ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:
Noun1.order Dictyoptera - in some classifications replaced by the orders (here suborders) Blattodea (cockroaches) and Manteodea (mantids); in former classifications often subsumed under a much broader order Orthoptera
animal order - the order of animals
dictyopterous insect - cockroaches and mantids
Blattaria, Blattodea, suborder Blattaria, suborder Blattodea - cockroaches; in some classifications considered an order
Manteodea, suborder Manteodea - mantises; in former classifications considered a suborder of Orthoptera
References in periodicals archive?
One species of order Dictyoptera (Periplaneta americana) and one species of order Thysanura (Lepisma saccharine) were found through out the study period in the Lawrence garden.
It is useful to mention that Tillyard originally included Triassomantidae in the former order Orthoptera sensu lato as he considered this family related to mantises (now the suborder Mantina in the order Dictyoptera), but Riek (1956) transferred the family to the order Orthoptera sensu stricto (in a recent volume), and Sharov (1962) first put this taxon in the order Protoblattodea (= Eoblattida; Rasnitsyn 2002).


text:
[ Application ]: Widely used for drying river sand, fly ash, slag, mineral residue, etc.
Jiutian Drying Systems Sand Dryer
Sand dryer is also called river sand dryer, yellow sand dryer and quartz sand dryer. It is a drying equipment that handles a large amount of materials, with reliable operation, large operation flexibility, strong adaptability and large processing capacity. Commonly used for drying river sand, artificial sand, quartz sand, slag, fly ash, etc. Widely used in building materials, chemical industry, foundry and other industries. It is used to handle a large number of materials, has a large production capacity, a wide range of applications and reliable operation.
Jiutian sand dryer adopts three-layer drum design, which is a special dryer for non-viscous, solid heavy materials developed and manufactured on the basis of single-cylinder dryer.
Advantages of sand dryer:
1. The equipment investment is low, and it is made of wear-resistant manganese plate, which is 3-4 times more wear-resistant than ordinary steel plates.
2. The initial moisture content of the material is 15%, and the final moisture content is guaranteed to be less than 3%. It is the first choice for various drying projects such as cement plant slag powder and dry powder mortar production line.
3. Compared with the traditional single-cylinder dryer, the thermal efficiency is increased by more than 40%.
4. The fuel can be applied to white coal, bituminous coal, coal gangue, oil and gas. It can bake block, granular and powdery materials below 20-40mm.
5. Compared with the single-cylinder dryer, the floor area is reduced by about 60%. The civil construction investment is reduced by about 60%, and the installation is convenient.
6. There is no air leakage phenomenon, which completely solves the difficulty of sealing.
7. When the discharge temperature is less than or equal to 60 degrees, it can be directly fed into the material warehouse without entering the cooling shed for cooling.
8. The temperature of the outer cylinder is less than or equal to 60 degrees, the temperature of the exhaust gas is less than 120 degrees, and the use time of the dust removal equipment bag is more than 2 times longer.
|Model(m)||Output(t/h)||Coal consumption(kg/t)||Total power(kw)|
|River sand||Fly ash||Mineral slag|
The equipment is suitable for a variety of materials,Welcome to consult customer service at any time, we will customize the equipment according to your needs.Click To Get Quote View More Case Scenes


Kamus Online
suggested words
Hasil cari dari kata atau frase: margin (0.01121 detik)
Found 4 items, similar to margin.
English → Indonesian (Kamus Landak) Definition: margin batas
English → Indonesian (quick) Definition: margin pinggiran
English → English (WordNet) Definition: margin margin n 1: the boundary line or the area immediately inside the boundary [syn: border, perimeter] 2: a permissible difference; allowing some freedom to move within limits [syn: allowance, leeway, tolerance] 3: the amount of collateral a customer deposits with a broker when borrowing from the broker to buy securities [syn: security deposit ] 4: (finance) the net sales minus the cost of goods and services sold [syn: gross profit, gross profit margin] 5: the blank space that surrounds the text on a page 6: a strip near the boundary of an object; "he jotted a note on the margin of the page" [syn: edge]
English → English (gcide) Definition: Margin Margin \Mar"gin\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Margined; p. pr. & vb. n. Marginging.] 1. To furnish with a margin. [1913 Webster] 2. To enter in the margin of a page. [1913 Webster] Margin \Mar"gin\, n. [OE. margine, margent, L. margo, ginis. Cf. March a border, Marge.] 1. A border; edge; brink; verge; as, the margin of a river or lake. [1913 Webster] 2. Specifically: The part of a page at the edge left uncovered in writing or printing. [1913 Webster] 3. (Com.) The difference between the cost and the selling price of an article. [1913 Webster] 4. Something allowed, or reserved, for that which can not be foreseen or known with certainty. [1913 Webster] 5. (Brokerage) Collateral security deposited with a broker to secure him from loss on contracts entered into by him on behalf of his principial, as in the speculative buying and selling of stocks, wheat, etc. It is usually less than the full value of the security purchased, in which case it may be qualified by the portion of the full value required to be deposited; as, to buy stocks on 50% margin. --N. Biddle. [1913 Webster] Margin draft (Masonry), a smooth cut margin on the face of hammer-dressed ashlar, adjacent to the joints. Margin of a course (Arch.), that part of a course, as of slates or shingles, which is not covered by the course immediately above it. See 2d Gauge. [1913 Webster] Syn: Border; brink; verge; brim; rim. [1913 Webster]
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text:
Deserts of the Realms explores the vast wastelands of Toril. In our travels, we've found new and old flora, fauna, and history to bring to you about the sand oceans of the Realms. Deserts of the Realms does this through both narrative prose, written from the perspective of Amarune Whitewave (the great, great granddaughter of Elminster Aumar), and through occasional notes from her husband, editor, and traveling companion Arclath Delcastle.
"To most 'everyday folk' of the Realms, deserts are places to stay well away from. Dangerous, uncomfortable even when you make only brief, timid forays in from the verges, and offering little good reason to go there. And beings who do dwell in a desert are hardened to survive there, and usually don't appreciate intruding competitors—and treat them accordingly."Ed Greenwood
What's in the book?
Content and a foreword written by the creator of Forgotten Realms, Ed Greenwood, himself along with:
Faerûn Desert Locations
- Anauroch Desert
- Calim Desert
- Elfharrow Desert
- Plains of Purple Dust
- Quoya Desert
Updated for 5th Edition, this book contains a two-page map of Faerûn covering the Sword Coast all the way to the Plains of Purple Dust
Fearûn Desert Flora & Fauna
- 16 monsters: new creatures for Wild Shaping, mounts, and companions!
- 20 flora: the hearty and resilient plants of the deserts. Roots, tubers, and stubborn plants that you can collect and use to create all manner of items, as well as improve some spells.
New D&D 5e Subclasses, Rules, Spells & Magic Items
- 2 new subclasses
- Circle of the Sands druid which seeks to expand on the land (desert) druid.
- Tomb Raider Ranger, a conclave of Rangers who delve into the swallowed secrets of the sands.
- Variant rules: expansions to the Druid and Ranger classes to allow them more access to the new spells contained within this book!
- 10 spells: each using a new spellcasting component, Environment, as they each rely on the boons of the world around them.
+1 bonus spell, druidic practice, which is the Druid version of the ceremony spell for Clerics.
- 10 magic items: forged in stone and tempered under the weight of the world.
- Downtime activities: A gathering expedition specifically designed to find and collect the flora described in this book.
Table top roleplaying books are labors of love and no books would be possible without the work of many fantastic creators.
- Ed Greenwood (ME!)
- Steve Fidler
- Ashley May
- Bryan Holmes
- Israel Moreira
- Ryan Langr
- Sean vas Terra
- Trevor Armstrong
- Shiah "Cinder" Irgangladen
- Nathanaël Roux
Amarune's Almanac: Deserts of the Realms is the eight in a multipart series exploring the eight biomes of Dungeons & Dragons within the Forgotten Realms campaign setting.


text:
buffer ( buffers plural & 3rd person present) ( buffering present participle) ( buffered past tense & past participle )
1 n-count A buffer is something that prevents something else from being harmed or that prevents two things from harming each other.
oft N against/between n, N n
Keep savings as a buffer against unexpected cash needs..., The Prison Service acts as a buffer between the minister and his critics.
2 verb If something is buffered, it is protected from harm.
The company is buffered by long-term contracts with growers. be V-ed, Also V n
3 n-count The buffers on a train or at the end of a railway line are two metal discs on springs that reduce the shock when a train hits them.
(mainly BRIT) usu pl
4 n-count A buffer is an area in a computer's memory where information can be stored for a short time. (COMPUTING)
buffer state ( buffer states plural ) A buffer state is a peaceful country situated between two or more larger hostile countries. n-count
Turkey and Greece were buffer states against the former Soviet Union.
buffer zone ( buffer zones plural ) A buffer zone is an area created to separate opposing forces or groups which belongs to neither of them. n-count
Translation English Cobuild Collins Dictionary
To add entries to your own vocabulary, become a member of Reverso community or login if you are already a member.
It's easy and only takes a few seconds:
- Create your own vocabulary list
- Contribute to the Collaborative Dictionary
- Improve and share your linguistic knowledge
"Collins Cobuild English Dictionary for Advanced Learners 4th edition published in 2003 © HarperCollins Publishers 1987, 1995, 2001, 2003 and Collins A-Z Thesaurus 1st edition first published in 1995 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995"


text:
API for probabilities.finite-distributions
Full namespace name: clojure.contrib.probabilities.finite-distributions
Finite probability distributions
This library defines a monad for combining finite probability
Public Variables and Functions
Usage: (certainly v)
Returns a distribution in which the single value v has probability 1.
Usage: (choose & choices)
Construct a distribution from an explicit list of probabilities
and values. They are given in the form of a vector of probability-value
pairs. In the last pair, the probability can be given by the keyword
:else, which stands for 1 minus the total of the other probabilities.
Variant of the dist monad that can handle undefined values.
Usage: (cond-prob pred dist)
Returns the conditional probability for the values in dist that satisfy
the predicate pred.
Monad describing computations on fuzzy quantities, represented by a finite
probability distribution for the possible values. A distribution is
represented by a map from values to probabilities.
Usage: (join-with f dist1 dist2)
Returns the distribution of (f x y) with x from dist1 and y from dist2.
Usage: (make-distribution coll f)
Returns the distribution in which each element x of the collection
has a probability proportional to (f x)
Usage: (normalize weights)
Convert a weight map (e.g. a map of counter values) to a distribution
by multiplying with a normalization factor. If the map has a key
:total, its value is assumed to be the sum over all the other values and
it is used for normalization. Otherwise, the sum is calculated
explicitly. The :total key is removed from the resulting distribution.
Usage: (prob pred dist)
Return the probability that the predicate pred is satisfied in the
distribution dist, i.e. the sum of the probabilities of the values
that satisfy pred.
Usage: (uniform coll)
Return a distribution in which each of the elements of coll
has the same probability.
Usage: (zipf s n)
Returns the Zipf distribution in which the numbers k=1..n have
probabilities proportional to 1/k^s.


text:
"Mobile computing" describes the use of computing technology on the go, through devices such as smartphones, tablets, portable computers, and wearable computers and sensors. The SEI is focusing on pervasive mobile computing at the tactical edge—environments in which front-line soldiers and first responders operate.
The SEI is working to realize this vision for soldiers and first responders:
- Front-line soldiers: Dismounted soldiers receive information that is more relevant and useful for their current mission, on devices that consume fewer battery and bandwidth resources, using applications that they can readily customize to support their needs.
- Humanitarian assistance/disaster response: On-scene responders with access to local information about resource needs of victims—such as food, water, shelter, and medicine—can make better decisions that maximize use of local resources and external assistance.
The SEI explores the architecture and implementation of mobile systems that increase the flexibility of edge users to respond to diverse missions. In these systems, "pervasive computing"—the use of devices embedded with chips that can connect to a network—plays a major role.
Learn about our research in pervasive mobile computing.
Download our information sheet about the Advanced Mobile Systems Initiative.


Heart Failure
What is a soft tissue artifact?
A Answers (1)
 - ASCAI answered
 A "soft tissue artifact" may show up on an image produced by a nuclear stress test. During a nuclear stress test you receive an injection of a special radioactive dye that then travels through your blood vessels. A nuclear camera is used to take color-coded pictures of the heart to measure blood flow before, during and after exercise.
 After a stress test, your physician may mention that you have "soft tissue artifact," or "soft tissue attenuation." What this means is that soft tissue, such as breast tissue, is showing up on the image created by the stress test. Soft tissue artifact can give the false appearance of an area of reduced blood flow to the heart.
Did You See? Close
What will happen during a standard resting echocardiogram?


What's your church data worth? – California Southern Baptist Convention
What's your church data worth?
Published Jul 07, 2021
Has your church considered the value of its electronic data assets? Can you even begin to put a price tag on its worth? Are your church's data properly protected from unauthorized viewing, corruption, loss due to fire or theft? Your data is no less valuable, and deserves the same sorts of protection, as your buildings and their contents.
You may never have considered the importance of your data, or the need to protect it. Some data is critical to the long-term mission of the church, some are critical for day-to-day operations, while some are confidential and need to remain so.
Here's the question which needs a definitive answer: "How would our church, its ministries, and operations be affected if our data was destroyed, stolen, or publicized?"
Consider how effectively your congregation is protecting critical data, which might include:
Churches traditionally collect names, birthdates, and other personal or contact information on members, attenders, and donors. Information your church may collect to better serve your congregation may include attendance, baptism, and contributions. Churches are likely to have more than one database which may be stored in several church computers, personal computers, smartphones, or tablets.
Multiple databases and storage devices increase the complexity of protecting critical data from loss, theft, or simply prying eyes. Databases come in a variety of forms, whether they are true databases, spreadsheets, or document files.
Sermons and Lesson Preparation
How many sermons has the pastor written and stored in a church computer? What about illustrations and other sermon aids? How much has been spent on gathering those resources? Is there a backup of those resources?
What sensitive information is unprotected in letters and email – both internal and external – between church employees, and employees and volunteers, employees and vendors? Does the church send mass emails with everyone's email address in the open, possibly violating their privacy in doing so? Are text messages being monitored from or between staff members or others that could contain sensitive information not meant for public disclosure?
Graphic Files
Where are files being stored of the church's weekly bulletins, promotional materials, audio and video recordings of worship services and other events? Are they all backed up? What about electronic materials, stock photos, or line art that you have purchased?
Corporate and Government Documents
Where are the church's Articles of Incorporation, Bylaws, bank records and financial reports, FEIN letter from the IRS, copies of state and federal employer tax returns, property records – deeds, tax bills, building permits? And what about other critical documents such as insurance policies, claim files, or contracts with vendors such as landscapers, custodians, and tradesmen? If digitized, are they properly and frequently backed up? If these are not all being stored in digital form, why not? Are physical copies at least being kept in fireproof cabinets?
Custom Programming
What files have been created and are routinely used by staff or volunteers? What would it take to recreate them from scratch – the time or money?
These examples are only the tip of the iceberg needing to be considered related to cybersecurity. Beyond simply identifying things at risk, churches should seriously consider steps to safeguard them. For more information contact California Southern Baptist Convention's human resources and church compliance specialist by emailing _EMAIL_ or calling _PHONE_.


Soul retrieval
Soul Retrieval
When we experience a traumatic event, whether small or large, our spirit self can become fractured and a piece of it can leave. At this time, it is disengaged and inaccessible. This leads to a drop in the vitality of our physical, mental and emotional aspects. Disease becomes more likely, "dis-ease" inevitable.
The shamanic soul retrieval process involves the practitioner seeking out and returning these spirit or soul parts. This is done primarily in non-ordinary reality with the help of benevolent spirit guides. The result of this healing is typically an increase in vitality, energy and health.


text:
We know that once we enable debug mode via "Ctrl+Alt+Shift+P", this setting will be persisted: even if you turn off your laptop and launch the application tomorrow, the debug mode will still be there.
In Chrome development tool, there is an Application tab which records this setting via key value pair using Local Storage.
As usual we can still use debug to investigate what has happened when the checkbox "Use Debug Sources(reload)" is clicked.
In Chrome development tool Elements tab, click the small arrow icon to enter the element inspection mode, then click the checkbox, then its html source code will be automatically navigate.
Perform global search via keyword "useDbgSources", and then we can find the event handler onUseDbgSources for debug mode set:
Set a breakpoint on this function, then mark the checkbox in UI, breakpoint is triggered as expected:
Within the function, we can know the debugging flag is set via localStoage API: window.localStorage.setItem
This API will change the following file in my laptop:
If I open the changed file via some SQLite management tool, I can find the corresponding entry with key sap-ui-debug and value 'X' set:


text:
Create Shared Data Source in SSRS
A shared data source is a set of data source connection properties that can be referenced by multiple reports, models, and data-driven subscriptions that run on a Reporting Services report server. It provide an easy way to manage data source properties in our Report Project.
When we create a Data Source we can specify it as shared. In general rule you probably want to create Shared Data Sources. If a Data Source isn't shared it just means that its definition is stored inside the report and it cannot be shared with another report and if Data Source is Shared it means that its definition is stored outside the report.
In this section we will create a Shared Data Source.
1. After Creating Sql Server Report Project, Right-click on Shared Data Sources folder in your project and Click on Add New Data Source.
3. Then select type of DataSource. Here we are going to Connect Sql Server database so we select Microsoft Sql Server. If you want to connect any other database then select that database from Drop Down List.
4. Then click on Edit button to the right. A new window Connection Properties pops-up.In this window give your sql server name, sql server credentials and select AdventureWorks Database.
5. Connection Properties Window will be different based upon your data source.Here you can also test your database connection. To check connection click on Test Connection Button in left bottom corner. If succeed than it will give below message.
Then click on OK button of Test Results Window. After than click on OK button of Connection Properties Window.
6. So now you can see the connection string in your Shared Data Source Properties Window.
Now click on Ok button.
7. So your new shared data source will be created under Shared Data Source folder in your project. You can create multiple shared data source in your project.
Congratulations! Our Shared Data Source is created.


text:
So says Dr. Jorge Parada, medical director of the infection prevention and control program at Loyola University Health System. Parada cautioned that as soon as something touches an unclean surface, it picks up dirt and bacteria.
"A dropped item is immediately contaminated and can't really be sanitized," said Parada in a health system news release. The amount of bacteria and what type of microbes are involved depend on the object that is dropped and where it falls, he added.
Rising off contaminated items with water may not clean them entirely, but it could significantly reduce the amount of bacteria on it, Parada noted.
"Maybe the dropped item only picks up 1,000 bacteria, but typically the inoculum, or amount of bacteria that is needed for most people to actually get infected, is 10,000 bacteria — well, then the odds are that no harm will occur," he said.
That's not the case for items that are "cleaned" by licking them off or putting them in the mouth.
"That is double-dipping," Parada explained. "You are exposing yourself to bacteria and you are adding your own bacteria to that which contaminated the dropped item. No one is spared anything with this move."


ABA Health eSource
March 2008 Volume 4 Number 7
The professional liability policy typically covers damages because of a "medical incident" resulting from "professional healthcare services." 1 A "medical incident" is typically defined as any act or omission in the rendering or failure to render professional healthcare services. Although some policies further define by way of example what is meant by "professional services," the term "professional services" as defined by case law generally means work "requiring knowledge of an advanced type in a field of learning or science customarily acquired by a prolonged course of study of specialized intellectual instruction" 2 or "services that require specialized skill, knowledge, learning, or attainments...." 3 On the other hand, services requiring "training in the performance of routine, manual, or physical processes" 4 are not considered "professional services" and will not be covered under a professional liability policy.
As evidenced by case law, it is sometimes unclear as to what type of claim falls on the professional liability side, and what type falls on the general liability side. Consider the following scenario: An elderly patient walking down a hospital hallway slips and falls on spilled water, and breaks an arm. Conceivably, a resulting claim involves the rendering or failure to render "professional services," due to the staff's failure to monitor and to prevent the patient from walking the hallways unassisted. The claim could also, however, invoke a general liability policy by way of allegations of negligence against the hospital for failing to keep the premises in a safe condition. Does the claim fall on the professional liability side or the general liability side? More importantly, should the hospital's professional liability carrier (or self-insurance) or its general liability carrier respond to the claim? Arguably, this scenario presents a mixed claim of both professional liability and general liability, and both policies should respond to the claim.
Although the definition of "professional services" is somewhat consistent from state-to-state, the application of this definition can lead to differing results as to whether a claim did, in fact, result from "professional services." In Am. Econ. Ins. Co. v. Jackson, 476 F.3d 620 (8th Cir. 2007), for example, the court held that a nurse's decision to refrain from turning on a nursing home's air conditioning during a heat wave, which led to patient deaths, involved the rendering of (or lack of rendering) professional services. The court found that, "the decision to refrain from switching the HVAC system to air conditioning for the medical benefit of the residents rested on [the nurse's] training and experience as a nurse, director of nursing and nursing home administrator. Nursing and nursing home administration are certainly occupations that require specialized knowledge and skill." 5 In contrast, in Buckeye Ranch, Inc. v. Northfield Ins. Co., 134 Ohio Misc. 2d 10, (Ohio Misc. 2005), the court found that a behavioral health facility's decision to assign a younger patient to a room with an older, larger, and historically aggressive patient -- leading to an assault of the younger patient -- did not involve the rendering of a professional service. The court found that, "[m]aking a room assignment was a generic, administrative decision," which "did not require the exercise of specialized knowledge or skill." 6 Likewise, consider Brockbank v. Travelers Ins. Co., 12 A.D.2d 691 (3rd Dept. 1960), where the court concluded that a patient's allegations of negligence against a provider for failing to raise bedrails leading to a patient's fall were allegations arising from a "professional service." The court noted that, "[c]learly the alleged negligence in connection with the placing, raising or adjustment of sideboards on the bed of a patient in a nursing home constitutes 'nursing service'..." and was thus excluded from coverage under a general liability's professional services exclusion. 7 By contrast, in a factually similar scenario, the court in D'Antoni v. Sara Mayo Hospital, 144 So.2d 643 (Ct. App. La. 1962), held that: "[t]he raising of the side rail was purely a mechanical act which any unskilled person could perform. It certainly requires no professional training or knowledge." 8 These decisions seem to be inconsistent, evidencing a lack of clear distinction in case law as to what exactly qualifies as professional liability and what qualifies as general liability.
Items to Consider
Practically, what does this "grey area" between professional liability and general liability mean to the healthcare provider and/or risk manager? If in doubt as to whether a claim falls on the professional or general liability side, the insured should consider the claim to fall potentially under both. This means providing all required notices and satisfying all conditions under any potentially applicable policies, whether they be professional liability, general liability, or excess insurance coverage. If the healthcare provider has self-insurance on the professional liability side, but is insured by a third party on the general liability side, notice of the claim should be immediately provided both to any claims administrator on the professional liability side and to the insurer on the general liability side. In addition, if the healthcare provider has excess insurance sitting above self-insurance on the professional liability side, the excess policy should be consulted to determine whether notice should be provided under that policy as well. Because notice is always an issue in insurance disputes, it is better to err on the side of caution and to provide notice to all potentially liable carriers when an insured is unclear as to whether a claim falls under the professional or general liability coverage.
1 Disclaimer: As the language of every insurance policy varies, readers should consult their individual policies as to the specific terms and conditions.
2 Gulf Ins. Co. v. Gold Cross Ambulance Service Co., 327 F. Supp. 149, 152 (D. Okla. 1971).
3 Visiting Nurse Ass'n v. St. Paul Fire & Marine Ins. Co., 65 F.3d 1097, 1104 (3d Cir. 1995).
5 Id. at 625.
6 Id. at 31.
7 Id.
8 Id. at 646-647.


text:
For most Kansans, the name Erasmus T. Carr probably doesn't have a familiar ring.
But talk about the buildings he constructed and his place in state history becomes evident: Anderson Hall at Kansas State University in Manhattan; the Kansas State Capitol Building in Topeka, and the Kansas State Penitentiary, which later became the Lansing Correctional Facility.
He was born in Greenville, N.Y., on Oct. 28, 1824. He started out as a bricklayer, mason and carpenter and, in time, became an architect. He moved to Kansas in 1855. He had been offered the position of superintendent of buildings at Fort Leavenworth, constructing the Arsenal and Ordnance Depot.
He then opened an architectural office in Leavenworth and began work on designing the state penitentiary building in 1863. In 1876, Carr designed the Kansas exhibit building for the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia.
His work on Anderson Hall at K-State was done in pieces, according to the building's application form for the National Register of Historic Places. The Victorian Gothic building design was completed in 1878. It was built in stages based on each year's appropriations from the state legislature. At the time it was completed in 1884, it was one of the largest school buildings in the state.
As his reputation grew, Carr designed buildings for the State Normal School in Emporia, the Insane Asylum at Topeka, the Institute for the Blind in Wyandotte and courthouses for Leavenworth, Wyandotte, Brown, Nemaha, Dickinson and Morris counties. He also designed other school buildings throughout the state.
Carr served as the state architect for Kansas from 1879 through 1885. He was one of three architects to design the Capitol Building in Topeka.
He and his family left the state in 1902 and moved to Montana where he continued his work as an architect. It is unknown when he died.


text:
Gulf Oil Spill 2010: Light Crude Oil and Your Health
What is light crude oil?
Light crude oil is a mix of thousands of different chemicals, but it is mostly hydrogen and carbon. It comes out of the ground as liquid petroleum.
How does light crude oil spread?
When oil is spilled in the ocean, it spreads in the water, mostly on the surface. The oil slick formed may stay together, or it may break up in rough seas. Waves, currents, and wind spread the oil over large areas. A small part of the oil may dissolve in the water. The oil also can spread in the water, join with the water to form a thick substance that is like hair mousse, sink, or form into sticky tar balls.
What are the health threats of light crude oil?
For most people brief contact with a small amount of oil will do no harm. Some people are more sensitive to chemicals, including those found in crude oil. These people may develop a rash or skin irritation or have other allergic reactions.
Skin contact with crude oil that lasts a long time can cause skin reddening, swelling, and burning. The skin effects can get worse if the skin is exposed to the sun. Skin contact can also make you more likely to develop a rash or skin infection.
Light crude oil may also be irritating if it contacts your eyes.
Swallowing small amounts (less than a coffee cup) of oil will cause upset stomach, vomiting, and diarrhea, but is unlikely to have long-lasting health effects.
How can I avoid the health threats of light crude oil?
Avoid skin contact with oil. If you are involved in clean-up efforts, wear gloves, eye protection, and clothing that cover your arms and legs.
If you get oil on your skin, wash with soap and water, baby oil, petroleum jelly, or a cleaning paste for hands such as those sold at auto parts stores. Do not use solvents, gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel, or similar products to clean oil off skin.
If you get oil in your eyes, flush them with water for 15 minutes.
If you swallow oil, do not try to vomit it, as this may get oil into your lungs.
If you inhale oil vapors, or smoke from burning oil, move to an area where the air is more clear. If you have inhaled a lot of vapor or smoke and feel short of breath, have chest pain or tightness, or dizziness, seek medical attention.
Get email updates
To receive email updates about this page, enter your email address:
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1600 Clifton Rd
Atlanta, GA 30333
TTY: _PHONE_
- Contact CDC-INFO


Abbse airport (Abbse)
Country: Yemen
ISO country code: YE
City: Abbse
Airport name: Abbse
IATA code: EAB
Time zone: +3.0 GMT
Height above sea level: 198 meters
The length of the runway: 2067 meters
Cheap tickets to Abbse
Contacts Abbse airport
Latitude: 15.300000000000
Longitude: 43.967000000000
Hotels near Abbse airport
To find hotels near Abbse airport, paste in search form the name of the city of (Abbse), then select the dates of Check In and Check Out, select the number of guests and click Search.
EAB airport Abbse transcript or EAB which airport?
The name of the airport: Abbse. The airport is located in the country: Yemen. The city location of the airport in Abbse. IATA airport code Abbse: EAB. The IATA airport code is a 3 letter unique identifier, assigned airports world International air transport Association (IATA). ICAO airport code Abbse: OYAB. The ICAO airport code is a 4 letter unique identifier that is assigned to the airports by the International civil aviation organization (ICAO).
The geographic coordinates of the airport Abbse.
The latitude at which the airport is located: 15.300000000000, the longitude of airport: 43.967000000000. Geographic coordinates of latitude and longitude define the position of the airport on the earth's surface. To fully define the position of the airport in three-dimensional space, we should also know the third coordinate is the height. The height of the airport above sea level is 198 meters. The airport is located in the time zone: +3.0 GMT. The airline always indicates local time of departure and arrival airport according to the time zones.


text:
Tutor for Higher Education.
List of subject:
- Financial accounting
- Management accounting
- Financial management
- Human resource/ Strategic management
For all subjects it is 2 hours per session, once a week.
Price : RM 110 per hours
Focus is on students' performance in the higher education, revision for exams and guidance through assignments.
Teaching and coaching students so that they understand the concepts and have a good understanding of the relevant subjects. Through focus and usage of study materials, the aim is to help students achieve good knowledge and produce excellent results in their assignments and examinations.
Dr. Parimala Rengiah
Doctorate in Business Administration (Southern Cross University, Australia)
- Tutor/ lecturer with more than 20 years' experience in the higher education sector.
- Lecturer in Universities and Colleges, teaching local and foreign degree programs.
- Assurance for good results.
- Guidance given throughout the course for students to achieve good results.


text:
LYON, FRANCE—Smoking is associated with an increased risk for multiple sclerosis (MS), according to Jonathan Salzer, MD, from the Department of Neurology at Umeå University in Sweden, and colleagues, who reported their study findings at the 28th Congress of the European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS). They found that elevated cotinine levels in serum and plasma samples drawn a median of nine years prior to disease onset were associated with a 50% increased risk for MS. The effect was only evident in those under a median age of 26.4. The association, the researchers said, became slightly stronger when excluding users of smokeless tobacco.
Dr. Salzer and colleagues sought to investigate the effects of laboratory-defined tobacco use on the risk for MS using prospectively collected biobank blood samples. Their nested case-control study was performed in northern Sweden, and used two population-based biobank cohorts to identify blood samples collected before MS onset. Levels of cotinine, a recognized biochemical marker for tobacco use, were measured using an immunoassay. Self-reported questionnaire data on tobacco use were collected retrospectively.
The researchers found that elevated cotinine levels (≥10 ng/ml) were associated with a significantly increased risk for MS (odds ratio, 1.5). This association was most pronounced in young individuals (below median age at blood sampling, <26.4 years). No dose-response effect was evident. The findings were replicated by retrospective smoking questionnaire data.
—Glenn S. Williams


text:
Family History Library Catalog Place-name SearchEdit This Page
From FamilySearch Wiki
Introduction to the Family History Library Catalog > Place-name Search
Do a Place-name Search when you want to find records in the collection of the Family History Library by the name of a place (locality) where an ancestor lived. Microfilms located through this search can then be ordered through your local Family History Center.
Steps to Search by Place-name
The following steps will help you find records for a specific locality in the Family History Library Catalog.
- 'Go to theHistory Library Catalog'.
- ("Place-name" is the default search option. If it does not appear, select it from the drop-down menu.)
- Type the locality. The catalog orgainzes places from the largest jurisdiction in a place-name to the smallest. Generally, the pattern is country, state or provice, county (where applicable), city or town. Places in the United States and Canada do not have a country level. The locality can be entered in reverse order to obtain the same results.
- Click Search (even if the locality was selected from the drop-down menu).
- Click a topic, such as Church records. (See also Locality Subject Subdivisions.)
- Click a title to see more details.
Strategies for Using a Place-name Search
The names of countries are in English. The names of states, provinces, regions, cities, and other jurisdictions are in the language of the country.
Consider that records are kept at different jurisdictional levels. Search for the town or city if you are looking for records specific to that jurisdiction (cemetery, church, directories, town histories, etc.). Search for the county for records that would cover more than one town or that might be kept by the county government (vital records, court records, land and property records, county histories, etc.). Many important records might be located at the state or provincial level (census, military, state histories, etc.), or even at the country level (census, federal land, citizenship, etc.).
To search for a county, do not type the word "County" as a part of the search term. For example, to find Fairfax county, Virginia, type Fairfax Virginia or Virginia Fairfax in the search field.
If you do not know how to spell the place-name, truncate (shorten) the name or use a wild card character to replace letters you are not sure of.
If a place-name has more than one word, you do not need to type all of the words. Nor do you have to type them in exact order. The computer automatically finds all places with the word or words that you type, no matter where in the place-name they appear. For example, if you type Barton, the computer would find Barton Mills, Barton-on-Irwell, Great Barton, and so forth.
What If I Do Not Find the Place I Want?
You may not find the place you want for various reasons. Before you conclude that the catalog does not have records for that place, try the following strategies:
- Be sure you typed the place-name correctly.
- Search for records using a different jurisdictional level. For example, if you cannot find records for a town, search for county records.
How Do I Find Related Places?
Sometimes a catalog entry is linked to more than one place. For example, an entry may be linked to several neighboring towns. To find out if a catalog entry is linked to another place, display the title details for the record of interest. If another place is listed, click on it to see information about that place.
The following suggestions work with the previous FamilySearch.org catalogPlace Search.
From the topics page, click the View Related Places button. This displays:
- The "Part of" field, which lists the jurisdiction that this place is part of. For example, this could be a county for a city, or a state or province for a county.
- The "Contains" field, which lists places contained by the place you searched for. For example, if you search for a county, the "Contains" field lists cities in that county.
Introduction to the Family History Library Catalog < Previous | Next > Surname Search
- This page was last modified on 29 December 2011, at 22:31.
- This page has been accessed 18,391 times.
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In the FamilySearch Research Wiki, you can learn how to do genealogical research or share your knowledge with others.Learn More


text:
Twitter Aggregator (CMTA) - How The Plugin Works
How It Works
CM Twitter Aggregator displays list of tweets gathered from Twitter user timelines (for example _USER_) or hashtags (for example _TAG_).
Tweets are assigned to categories which are organized into lists (each category can have a single tweet source assigned to it).
Each category can handle tweets from one user timeline or hashtag. In a list you can have many categories therefor can display tweets from several users and hashtags.
Each category also let you filter the content of each tweet by using positive and negative keywords. This way you can display tweets which are dealing with specific topic.
- To create simple tweets list go to Admin Panel -> Twitter Aggregator and click List. Create new list.
- Then, go to Categories and create a new one. Write category title, pass the twitter source (_USER_ or _TAG_). Add category to list and click on Add New Category.
- Paste shortcode to your post/page and set list attribute with list name or category attribute with category name:
For example if list has name My Simple List shortcode should looks like (note quotation marks in shortcode):


ophanes' Birds, Prometheus uses one as a comical disguise to hide from Zeus.
 Gustave Calliebotte's Jour de pluie à Paris, 1877
 Gustave Calliebotte's Jour de pluie à Paris, 1877
 - The first lightweight folding umbrella in Europe was introduced in 1710 by Jean Marius in Paris. He received the exclusive right to produce folding umbrellas for five years. The item became an essential fashion item for Parisiennes after Princess Palatine bought one 1712.
 - In 1959, a French scientist combined it with a cane and a button that opened the umbrella. Their use became widespread in Paris and their prestige apparently plummeted. In 1768 a Paris magazine reported:


text:
|Think about Loose Coupling|
The other day I was trying to find a way to find all possible combination of 2-4 particular letters of the alphabet (A, C, G, N, T), with repetition. The objective was to try to build an associative array of letter combinations and the corresponding ordered string. (See Sorting characters within a string).
Generating all combinations would usually takes a cartesian cross-product to be efficient (see japhy's post about that).
I came up with a simple but (very) inefficient method of doing the same thing:
This yields exactly what I want, but to the price of a high cost in memory and processing. The problem is with the.. operator. The number of elements generated before the grep by the.. operator is 361,173. After the grep you are left with only 774 "useful" strings. And if you wanted to get all strings up to 5 letters you would then have to deal with nearly 10,000,000 elements. And things only get worse.
I then began to wonder about the availability of a lazy form of evaluation for expression. For the uninitiated, lazy evaluation of an expression is delaying evaluation until the last moment, at which point you may realize that you only need to compute a part of the expression. The aim here would be to avoid storing the intermediary result of the.. operator in memory by applying the grep directly, as a filter function.
Well, programmers of Perl, rejoice. It seems Perl6 might have a lazy operator (see rfc123) that will allow to do exactly this. With the lazy operator, we could rewrite the previous piece of code like this:
This would causes a lazy list to be passed to the filter function grep, saving us from allocating the entire letter combinations array in memory. While this might not be the greatest example ever, I think it's simple enough to illustrate the possibilities.
Lazy evaluation is (to the best of my knowledge) mostly available in functionnal programming language. It is a powerful concept that can only reinforce the variety of Perl idioms you can use to easily solve complex problems.
So everything is good, Perl6 will allow us to be lazy and use lazy. I can't wait to see the impatience and hubris functions ;-)


Quartermaster FAQs:
Q: Is a quartermaster a military or naval term?
A: Yes, and the meaning of which depends on the country and service.
Q: Is a quartermaster a non-commissioned officer rank?
A: Yes.
Q: Is a quartermaster the enlisted member in charge of the watch-to-watch navigation and the maintenance?
A: Yes, and correction, and preparation of nautical charts and navigation publications.
Q: Was a quartermaster one of the only two Coast Guard enlisted men permitted to hold command of a small boat station?
A: Yes, and with the other enlisted man's "command rating" being the Boatswain's Mate.
Q: Was a quartermaster the senior NCO in a British cavalry troop?
Q: Are quartermasters identified by wearing a blue-white aiguillette on their left shoulder?
A: Yes.
Q: Was a quartermaster often granted a veto power by a pirate ship's "Articles of Agreement"?
A: Yes, and in order to create an officer who could counterbalance the powers of the pirate captain.
Q: Is a quartermaster a petty officer who specializes in navigation?
A: Yes.
Q: Is a quartermaster done by a qualified navigation electronics technician?
A: Yes, Along with the job of a Navy surface QM, NAV-ET's are also responsible for electronic systems that deal with navigation, internal communications, atmosphere monitoring, ship's entertainment systems, re-circulatory air systems and remote valve indication or manipulation.
Q: Is a quartermaster assisted by the regimental quartermaster sergeant and a staff of storemen?
A: Yes.
Q: Was a quartermaster responsible for intelligence operations in the Imperial Russian Army?
A: Yes.
Q: Is a quartermaster also the commander of the battalions support company?
A: Yes, and known as the battalion headquarters company.
Q: Is a quartermaster the seaman who is functioning as the helmsman?
A: Yes.
Q: Is a quartermaster a rank equal to an army sergeant?
A: Yes.
Q: Is a quartermaster generally a relatively senior soldier who supervises stores and distributes supplies and provisions?
A: Yes.
Q: Is a quartermaster the senior member of the gangway staff and is responsible for supervising the boatswain's mate and the security of the brow?
A: Yes.


text:
Influence of number of pollinations and pollen load size on maternal fitness costs in Collinsia heterophylla: implications for existence of a sexual conflict over timing of stigma receptivity.
Publikation/Tidskrift/Serie: Journal of evolutionary biology
Förlag: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing
Costs related to pollen competition have rarely been considered, but are expected in the case of sexual conflict where male and female sexual functions have opposing evolutionary interests. In Collinsia heterophylla, delayed stigma receptivity is beneficial as it enhances pollen competition. A sexual conflict over timing of stigma receptivity has been proposed in this species as early pollination, following one-time pollinations, is advantageous to pollen donors at a cost of reduced maternal seed set (measured as seed number). In this study, we explored whether the maternal cost was still present following an additional pollination. We hypothesized that the cost is caused either by harm related to early pollen presence or by factors unrelated to harm. We performed pollinations at different stages of floral development, either one or two pollinations (24-h time lag), and varied the size of the first pollen load in the latter category. Early pollination reduced seed biomass also after two-time pollinations, suggesting a persistent maternal cost of early pollen presence. Further, pollen load size modified seed production, possibly indicating that dose-dependent harm influences the maternal cost of early fertilization. Our results strongly suggest negative effects of pollen competition on maternal fitness following early pollination, which is consistent with the existence of a sexual conflict over timing of stigma receptivity. In conclusion, we propose that much could be gained if more plant studies considered the potential for fitness costs in relation to sexual conflict, particularly those investigating pollen-pistil interactions.
- Collinsia heterophylla
- pollen–pistil interactions
- pollen competition
- conflict cost
- sexual conflict
- stigma receptivity
- ISSN: 1010-061X (Print)
- ISSN: _PHONE_ (Online)


text:
|ROSAT Home Page||ROSAT
The minimum detectable count rate for the WFC depends mainly on the background count rate, and the effective size of an unresolved source. The minimum detectable count rate,, can be estimated from the following formula (e.g., de Korte et al., 1981, Space Science Reviews, 30, p. 495-511):
where is the required significance threshold (i.e., signal-to-noise), is the background count rate in the ''detection cell'', f is the fraction of the total source count included in the ''detection cell'', is the minimum number of photons required to constitute a detection and t is the integration time.
The ''detection cell'' is the region of the image used to detect the source. For the WFC, assuming an on-axis source, an appropriate cell area depends on the filter used, since the point response function is energy-dependent. For the S1, S2 and P1 filters the appropriate radius enclosing 70% of the total count (i.e., ) is, whilst for P2,. The corresponding cell areas,, are thus arcmin and arcmin respectively. The count rates in the background cell are then calculated as, where arcmin is the area of the whole field of view and it the total background count rate of the whole field.
The minimum detectable count rate as a function of t is shown graphically in Figure 12.1 for, f=0.7,. Three curves are shown, the two labelled 'LOW' and 'HIGH' are to be used for the S1,S2, P1 filters and are plotted for and counts s, i.e. for the typical range of background rates expected. The low background rates are only achieved for restricted time intervals, guest investigators should therefore assume the 'HIGH' curve when proposing. The curve labelled P2 is to be used for observations with the P2 filter and assumes counts s, i.e. the night-time background rate expected in this filter (see § 7.8.4 ).