text:
Moving the area of interest in the Reviewer Overview window
The area of interest is a hatched area in the Reviewer Overview window that represents the extent of the data in the map. For example, to navigate the map, you can move the area of interest rather than panning in the map. When a polygon grid is used to navigate the map, and you are moving from one cell to the next, the area of interest moves to the corresponding cell.
- Start ArcMap.
- If necessary, load data in the map.
- On the main menu, click Customize > Toolbars > Data Reviewer.
Click the Reviewer Overview Window button on the Data Reviewer toolbar.
The Reviewer Overview Window appears as a docked window in ArcMap.
- Right-click in the Reviewer Overview window and click Adjust Map Extent.
- Click the hatched area and drag it to a different place in the grid or Reviewer Overview window.
The map refreshes to reflect the change in area of interest.


text:
tail - output trailing portion of one or more files
tail [ options ] [file...]
copies one or more input files to standard output starting at a designated point for each file. Copying starts at the
point indicated by the options and is unlimited in size.
By default a header of the form ==> filename <== is output before all but the first file but this can be
changed with the -q and -v options.
If no file is given, or if the file is -, tail copies from standard input. The start of the file is
defined as the current offset.
The option argument for -c can optionally be followed by one of the following characters to specify a different unit other
than a single byte:
- 512 bytes.
- 1 KiB.
- 1 MiB.
- 1 GiB.
For backwards compatibility, -number
is equivalent to -n number
to -n -number
may also have these option suffixes: b c f g k l m r
- -n, --lines=lines
Copy lines lines from each file. A negative value for lines indicates
an offset from the end of the file. The default value is 10.
- -b, --blocks
Copy units of 512 bytes.
- -c, --bytes[=chars]
Copy chars bytes from each file. A negative value for chars indicates
an offset from the end of the file. The option value may be omitted.
- -f, --forever|follow
Loop forever trying to read more characters as the end of each file to copy new data.
Ignored if reading from a pipe or fifo.
- -h, --headers
Output filename headers. On by default; -h means --noheaders.
- -l, --lines
Copy units of lines. This is the default.
- -L, --log
When a --forever file times out via --timeout, verify that the curent file has not
been renamed and replaced by another file of the same name (a common log file practice) before giving up on the file.
- -q, --quiet
Don't output filename headers. For GNU compatibility.
- -r, --reverse
Output lines in reverse order.
- -s, --silent
Don't warn about timeout expiration and log file changes.
- -t, --timeout=timeout
Stop checking after timeout elapses with no additional --forever
output. A separate elapsed time is maintained for each file operand. There is no timeout by default. The default timeout
unit is seconds. timeout may be a catenation of 1 or more integers, each followed by a 1 character suffix. The suffix may be
omitted from the last integer, in which case it is interpreted as seconds. The supported suffixes are:
- -v, --verbose
Always ouput filename headers.
- All files copied successfully.
One or more files did not copy.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
The Envisioning Inclusive FUTURES Summit Proceedings have been published by the Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center for Wireless Technologies (Wireless RERC) on our website. The Summit focused on 1) key social, economic, political and technological forces at play in the migration from legacy, analog technologies to mobile, digital technologies, and 2) the consequential futures for people with disabilities. The Proceedings concluded that a variety of technological solutions exist whether discussing the present or the future, and more are under development, to facilitate the ability of people with disabilities to engage in life activities. Transformative ideas and common visionary themes addressed wireless technologies and systems that could stimulate inclusive solutions such as robotics, wearables, the Internet of Things, next-generation emergency communications and alerts, and assistive intelligence for auditory and visual navigation. Looking to an inclusive future, not only were research and policy agenda items identified, but also challenges and recommendations on how to reach a future of inclusiveness. Following are a few findings:
- Usability is critical – technology needs to be "out of the box" ready. The design process should be enhanced so that devices be intuitively usable, or conversely, be easily personalizable.
- Education, outreach and awareness efforts should be dynamic and integral to both ongoing and adaptive/changing environments. This is in reference to not only technology, but to the changing circumstances of people with disabilities.
- Products and services should be universally designed and also take into account cultural sensitivity.
The visionary theme from the opening to the concluding dialog emphasized: A transformative future is an inclusive future. This became the key take-away for reinforcing the Wireless RERC's commitment to ensure an accessible mobile wireless future for people with disabilities.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Generally, when using the conditional operator, here's the syntax:
int x = 6;
int y = x == 6? 5 : 9;
Nothing fancy, pretty straight forward.
Now, let's try to use this when assigning a Lambda to a Func type. Let me explain:
Func predicate = id == null
 ? p => p.EmployeeID == null
 : p => p.EmployeeID == id;
That's the same syntax, and should work? Right? For some reason that doesn't. The compiler gives this nice cryptic message:
Error 1 Type of conditional expression cannot be determined because there is no implicit conversion between 'lambda expression' and 'lambda expression'
I then went ahead and changed the syntax and this way it did work:
Func predicate = id == null
 ? predicate = p => p.EmployeeID == null
 : predicate = p => p.EmployeeID == id;
I'm just curious as to why it doesn't work the first way?
(Side note: I ended up not needing this code, as I found out that when comparing an int value against null, you just use object.Equals)
share|improve this question
add comment
2 Answers
up vote 18 down vote accepted
You can convert a lambda expression to a particular target delegate type, but in order to determine the type of the conditional expression, the compiler needs to know the type of each of the second and third operands. While they're both just "lambda expression" there's no conversion from one to the other, so the compiler can't do anything useful.
I wouldn't suggest using an assignment, however - a cast is more obvious:
Func predicate = id == null
 ? (Func) (p => p.EmployeeID == null)
 : p => p.EmployeeID == id;
Note that you only need to provide it for one operand, so the compiler can perform the conversion from the other lambda expression.
share|improve this answer
Very very interesting. That actually makes alot of sense. Thanks. – BFree Nov 4 '08 at 20:05
add comment
The C# compiler cannot infer the type of the created lambda expression because it processes the ternary first and then the assignment. you could also do:
Func predicate =
 id == null?
 new Func(p => p.EmployeeID == null) :
 new Func(p => p.EmployeeID == id);
but that just sucks, you could also try
Func predicate =
 id == null?
 (Order p) => p.EmployeeID == null :
 (Order p) => p.EmployeeID == id;
share|improve this answer
The latter doesn't work, because the compiler doesn't know whether to convert to a delegate or an expression tree (or to, say, a Func which would be okay too). – Jon Skeet Nov 4 '08 at 19:55
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Your Answer


text:
The Trinity Aquifer of Central Texas
The Trinity aquifer is composed of early Cretaceous-age (145 million years ago) formations of the Trinity Group of rocks. The rock layers are found at the surface or subsurface "through the central part of the state in all or parts of 55 counties, from the Red River in North Texas to the Hill Country of South-Central Texas" (TWDB 2009). Lesser known is that Trinity Group deposits also occur in the Panhandle and Edwards Plateau where they are included as part of the Edwards-Trinity (High Plains and Plateau) aquifers. However, the rock layers are not necessarily connected south of the Colorado River.
In the subsurface, the Trinity consists of layers of limestone, calcareous sands and silts, and conglomerates. These were deposited around 145 million years ago when shallow seas covered much of Texas and parts of the southwestern US. The Llano uplift was higher in elevation and provided much of the land-based sands, silts, and conglomerates found in the Trinity rock layers (Barker et al. 1994).
To better understand the aquifer, hydrogeologists typically begin with the rock layers. Many geologic and groundwater studies have taken place over the years, including field descriptions and rock cores to help match rock layers across more than 50 counties. The diagram below, from TWDB (2009), shows how the rock layers are related.
This stratigraphic column shows general relationships. However it should be kept in mind that almost all rock strata vary in how deep they below the ground surface and how thick they are at any given location. According to a detailed study of the aquifer (Barker et al. 1994), the Hosston Formation at the base of the Trinity Group is up to 900 feet thick, while the Sligo is around 250 feet thick. The Hammett Shale, a rock unit that is known as a "confining" unit through which little groundwater moves, is about 130 feet. The overlying Glen Rose formation has been shown to be up to 1,500 feet thick.
Cross sections are a great way to demonstrate these layers below the surface of the earth. The following two cross sections are in the TWDB 2009 report on groundwater availability modeling and are based on previous studies (Ashworth 1983: Mace et al. 2000). The sections are drawn from north (or A on the left side of the top column) to south (A' at the right side of the bottom column) across the Hill Country, and the vertical scale on the left shows the elevation of the rock strata in feet above sea level. The horizontal scale of one inch = 6 miles, while exaggerated in comparison to the vertical scale, allows visualization of the layers at depth. A map insert into the top section shows the general location of the cross section, and the legend noting the names of the rock formations per color band.
In the cross sections above, well cores are noted by vertical lines with a TWDB classification number at the top. The rock cores help to match field study data with subsurface data and geophysical surveys. However, the well cores are different than the vertical lines with small up/down arrows to either side. These lines indicate the general locations of major faults in the subsurface.
How groundwater flows through this system of layered rocks with different matrices (chalky sands as opposed to limestones), different depths below the ground, and a major fault system is of great interest. Geologists and hydrogeologists with years of experience in the Hill Country aquifers addressed this question through a recent compilation of data, studies, and interpretations. The following cross section, developed from several research studies an published in the Hays-Trinity Atlas, is similar to the above cross sections, but includes generalized groundwater flow through the layers (arrows in blue).
Beginning from the left of the diagram, a major portion of Trinity groundwater recharge begins via rainfall on exposed rocks of the Hensell and lower Glen Rose. This water percolates into the subsurface layers. Towards the middle of the diagram, light blue arrows at the surface indicate that rainfall can infiltrate into the shallow rock layers but tends to do so in a localized manner. Major springs such as Jacob's Well receive artesian flows from deep aquifer levels.
What does all this mean for the Trinity aquifer?
- Rainfall and runoff carrying various chemicals can easily enter different water-bearing layers of the Trinity aquifer system.
- The localized nature of the recharge zones means that when there is no rainfall, little water enters the Trinity system. The longer between rainfall events as is occurring during the 2011 drought, the lower the aquifer levels are.
- When the aquifer levels decrease below the zones that provide water to creeks and springs, those natural features will dry up, affecting water supplies to humans and the environment.
- Well pumping in the Trinity also affects water levels. From the TWDB report overview of the Trinity:
- Water levels in the Trinity around the Fort Worth-Dallas region have previously dropped as much as 550 feet.
- Water levels in the Hensell and Hosston formations around Waco have declined up to 400 feet.
For an excellent, in-depth review and analysis of the Trinity Aquifer as well as detailed, up to date information about the Trinity Aquifer in the Hill Country, please check out the "Hydrogeologic Folio Atlas of the Hill Country Aquifer, Blanco, Hays, and Travis Counties, central Texas."
The Hays-Trinity Groundwater Conservation District has excellent sources of information about aquifers, water resources, and relevant reports from federal, state and local agencies. _URL_


text:
Customers who bought this also bought
Barbara Cooney's Miss Rumphius tells the story of a woman's quest to make the world more beautiful by adding to the bouquet of the natural world. Our literature unit supports individual and whole group exploration of this title in the classroom with a variety of printable resources. Included are a comprehensive student vocabulary glossary, an easy-to-use teacher guide, comprehension matching questions, a vocabulary and definition crossword puzzle, secret code sheets and more. Resources include, but are not limited to the following:
Reading Comprehension and Discussion Questions
Test and Quiz Printables
Guided Reading Support
Worksheet Resources with Answer keys
There are enough resources with this literature unit theme to enjoy a week-long exploration of the story title in the classroom.
About the Seller
Veteran classroom teacher who has taught both domestically and abroad at a variety of grade levels. Syndicated travel columnist, personal finance expert and independent publisher.


Netflix Sencha Touch 2 app with JayData
Author: Viktor Lazar June 7th, 2012
,,,,
JayData seamlessly integrates into Sencha Touch 2 through the JayData Sencha module. You only have to modify the proxy on your Sencha data store to use the JayData proxy and define a queryable as the data source. Using remoteFilter, remoteSort and pageSize your query will be processed by JayData. Currently the module only supports read-only functions. To add, update or delete entities you can still use JayData directly in your code.
To follow this tutorial it's required to have basic knowledge of Sencha Touch 2 to understand the Sencha Touch 2 parts of the tutorial.
You can see the final app here.
Initializing the JayData context
Initializing the JayData context is easy as always. This Netflix app uses the public OData service of Netflix. After running the JaySvcUtil tool to get the context definition of the Netflix service you only have to reference the context script. JaySvcUtil already includes an instance of the context in the generated script so you don't have to do it manually. Here you can find a tutorial about using the JaySvcUtil tool.
Store definition using JayData proxy
JayData integrates itself into Sencha Touch 2 through a data proxy. You only have to define the JayData proxy on your store. Here is the store definition part of our example:
As you can see the proxy uses a queryable as the data source instead of an URL like other Sencha server stores. This way you can use any queryable of any context you defined and instantiated in your application. You are not restricted to the OData provider. You can use the Facebook, YQL or any other providers of JayData too.
Predefined query filtering and sorting is supported like in the example. By default we sort the data as defined in the store and you can have as many query operators in the store definition as you want.
From now on you can use the filtering, sorting and paging functions of the store as is.
The function parameter of the filterBy function of the Sencha store or any other filter or sort method of the store where you can pass a function as a parameter you literally pass the function to the equivalent JayData method (like.filter(),.orderBy(), etc.).
If a use case is not supported by Sencha or the JayData module you can still use JayData directly. Like in the details view of a movie. When a movie item is tapped we load the details in the event listener function.
In the above source code part we directly query the database using JayData. For the data query we don't use anything from the Sencha library. But in the callback function of the toArray method we build the content using the templating engine of Sencha.
Native mobile app
The Netflix example app is a hybrid application. You can launch it in the browser or you can use PhoneGap and convert it to a native mobile app. Because of the browser limitation of cross-domain AJAX calls you have to include a few additional lines if you want to deploy the app on the web.
With this function we hijack the AJAX request to transform it to a JSONP request. This way the cross-domain issue no longer bothers you. But be careful because JSONP is only valid in a read-only scenario.
,,,,


text: Studies of neuron-behaviour correlation and causal manipulation have long been used separately to understand the neural basis of perception. Yet these approaches sometimes lead to drastically conflicting conclusions about the functional role of brain areas. Theories that focus only on choice-related neuronal activity cannot reconcile those findings without additional experiments involving large-scale recordings to measure interneuronal correlations. By expanding current theories of neural coding and incorporating results from inactivation experiments, we demonstrate here that it is possible to infer decoding weights of different brain areas without precise knowledge of the correlation structure. We apply this technique to neural data collected from two different cortical areas in macaque monkeys trained to perform a heading discrimination task. We identify two opposing decoding schemes, each consistent with data depending on the nature of correlated noise. Our theory makes specific testable predictions to distinguish these scenarios experimentally without requiring measurement of the underlying noise correlations.


text:
Sophie Teh invites visitors to experience a world of implicit meanings through our interactions with food, specifically foods that were significant for the artist who grew up in a Chinese-Malaysian family during the 1980s.
Food is a cornerstone of Chinese culture. Rather than saying 'How are you?' the colloquial greeting of her local community was 'Have you eaten yet?' When she was a child, the combination of sausage, eggs and rice was her family's fast food. In this solo show she uses these foods to address issues of ambition, perceived desirability/undesirability, and the cultural identity of the Chinese diaspora, issues that have preoccupied the artist since her childhood.
Her exhibition presents artworks associated with the perception of Asian people, especially young women of Asian origin, using abstract and figurative themes. It also explores how the cultural conditioning and personal memories influence how we perceive and react to visual stimuli.


text:
Effects of exposure to noise during second language consonant acquisition
The process of acquiring the sounds of a first language takes place in everyday settings that are potentially noisy and uncontrolled, yet most formal training in a second language is based on exposure to exemplars heard in quiet conditions in the language laboratory, leading to the question: could sound acquisition in noise be beneficial? Exposure to noisy tokens might help in one of two ways: by forcing a listener to focus on robust cues that on average survive masking, or through the formation of noisy exemplars. On the other hand, it could be harmful, by masking relevant information on some trials, or increasing attentional load and fatigue.
The current study addressed these issues in the context of English consonant acquisition by Spanish learners. A cohort of 86 learners undertook a pre-test involving 24-alternative forced choice consonant identification in quiet and in two masked conditions (SSN: speech shaped noise; BAB: 8-talker babble). The cohort was then divided into 4 groups. One (CON-NOISE) underwent consonant in noise training; another (CONS-QUIET) was exposed to the same consonants in quiet; a third (VOW-NOISE) heard vowels in noise; a fourth (VOW-QUIET) heard vowels in quiet. The two noise-trained groups heard exemplars in SSN at a range of SNRs. Each group underwent 10 training sessions over 5 weeks, after which they performed a post-test identical to the pre-test. The vowel-trained groups acted as a control to measure any benefits from simultaneous curriculum activities on consonant acquisition.
All groups showed gains from preto post-test. However, gains for vowel-trained groups were 2-4 p.p., while those for the consonant groups ranged from 10 to 14 p.p. suggesting only a small effect of other activities. The CONS-QUIET group produced larger gains when tested in quiet than the CONS-NOISE group. Conversely, the CONS-NOISE group displayed higher gains than the CONS-QUIET when tested in SSN. The noise advantage did not transfer to the BAB condition, where the CONS-NOISE and CONS-QUIET groups showed near-identical gains. No clear evidence was found of noise exposure during vowel training transferring to the consonants in noise test. These outcomes suggest that exposure to noise during training helps in identifying consonants both in noise and in quiet, with a benefit for matched noise exposure and test conditions and little evidence of a transfer to other maskers (SSN/babble) or sound type (vowels/consonants).


Does the "simulation temperature" setting in MODE do anything?
I tried to change the "simulation temperature" in the general tab of FDE or varFDTD (default value is 300K). I was expecting Neff of a silicon WG to change due to silicon's thermo-opto effect. However, the simulation results do not appear to change al all with different temperature values. Is this how it should be?
Dear _USER_.xie
The value for simulation temperature will be important if you use a perturbed index material. To add such a material, click on Add and then select index perturbation in Material Database:
In the simulation file attached, I have two silicon rectangles. These two rectangles have different materials, and index for rectangle 1 is a function of temperature. By setting different values for simulation temperature you can study how the index varies:
As you can see in the figure above, only rectangle 1 (the top rectangle) is affected by simulation temperature.
I hope this answered your question.
index_perturbed_test.lms (279.2 KB)
Dear Behzad,
This is a perfect answer to my question. Thank you so much.
1 Like


Richard Dalton
The Farnese Hercules 1742
Artwork details
Richard Dalton 1715 or 20–1791
The Farnese Hercules
Date 1742
Medium Chalk on paper
Dimensions Support: 529 x 365 mm
Display caption
This drawing demonstrates the extremely fine line-work which can be achieved with red chalk. The thinness of the lines suggests that Dalton used a natural red chalk, since these tended to be harder than fabricated or synthetic red chalks. Dalton would probably have fastened a stick of red chalk into a holder and kept the point sharp with a knife. The darkest areas within the figure have been made by cross-hatching and drawing closely spaced narrow lines one on top of the other.
August 2004


Do Active Rest Between Strength Training Exercises
Lifting Tip: Do Active Rest Between Sets
While it's nice to chill out and catch your breath during sets of strength training exercises, you can maximize your workout by moving a little between exercises (called active rest) instead of completely resting your body. Here are some ideas:
If you want to really challenge your muscles and save on time, don't rest at all between sets. Move from one exercise to another without stopping and aside from working your muscles, you'll also get your heart and blood pumping.


Girl Names baby nameAnemone
What does the name Anemone mean?
The different meanings of the name Anemone are:
 - Greek meaning: Wind
 - English meaning: Genus of flowering plants
The meaning of the name "Anemone" is different in several languages, countries and cultures and has more than one possibly same or different meanings available.


What Was The First NGO?
What are the biggest NGOs?
The Top 20 BRAC.
The Wikimedia Foundation.
Acumen Fund.
Danish Refugee Council.
Partners in Health.
CARE International.
Médecins Sans Frontières.More items….
Is the UN an NGO?
Many of the largest, most significant non-governmental organizations have relationships or official associative status with intergovernmental organizations such as the United Nations or the World Bank. An intergovernmental organization, or IGO, is an institution made up of the governments of member states.
How many members should be in an NGO?
An NGO Board usually has 10 to 15 members, with a President, a Treasurer and other positions designated to specific tasks/issues related to the NGO's programme areas. The member positions could be rotating and/or renewable.
Which is the first NGO in India?
India's First NGO was founded by Tagore's Nephews Sri Gaganendranath Tagore in the year 1917 to help weavers and artists of the Kolkatta handloom. The Bengal Home Industries Association was founded, and registered under the Indian Companies Act VII (Section 26) in 1917.
Is the Red Cross a NGO?
As an independent, neutral organization, the ICRC has a permanent mandate under international law to take impartial action for prisoners, the wounded and sick, and civilians affected by conflict, including: Visiting prisoners of war and civilian detainees to monitor their treatment and conditions.
What is difference trust and NGO?
"NGO" stands for "Non-governmental Organization" while "trust" is the word trust itself. … Trusts have their own policies since they can be public or private trusts. It does not need any aid from the government or any organization. NGOs can receive financial assistance from the government while trusts cannot.
Is Unicef a NGO?
How many NGOs are there?
There are an estimated 10 million (non-governmental organizations) NGOs worldwide. 2. The number of people worldwide donating money to NGOs increased from 1.2 billion in 2011 to 1.4 billion in 2014. By 2030, the number is expected to grow to 2.5 billion.
Which is the largest NGO in India?
Top 10 NGOs In India: Making A DifferenceGive Foundation. … GOONJ – a voice, an effort. … Help Age India. … K. C. Mahindra Education Trust (Nanhi Kali) … LEPRA India. … Pratham Education Foundation. … Sammaan Foundation. … Smile Foundation.More items…•
What is the oldest NGO?
Anti-Slavery InternationalAnti-Slavery International is the world's oldest human rights organisation. Its roots stretch back to 1787 when the first abolitionist society was formed. The British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society (BFASS) was officially created on 17 April 1839 to crusade against slavery and the slave trade throughout the world.
Who is the founder of NGO?
Geeta DharmarajanKatha (NGO)IndustryPublishing, community development, Child welfare, Education.Founded1988FounderGeeta DharmarajanHeadquartersDelhi, IndiaKey peopleGeeta Dharmarajan (President)3 more rows
What is the biggest NGO in the world?
10 Facts About BRAC, the World's Largest NGOBRAC is the largest non-governmental organization (NGO) in the world. … BRAC's mission is to alleviate poverty and encourage economic participation by empowering people through social and economic programs.Founder Fazle Hasan Abed created BRAC after becoming disillusioned with poverty in Bangladesh.More items…•
Do NGO founders get paid?
The founders of a non-profit are not admissible to make a profit or advantage from the net earnings of the organization. They can create money in several additional ways, however, including receiving compensation from the non-profit.
How does an NGO make money?
Alternatively, in many NGOs, staff work in projects and salary goes to the head of the NGO whose designation and roles were elaborated in project budget. For most of the government project, there is fixed share and commission by NGOs which goes to politicians, bureaucrats, and other officials.
How did Ngo start?
The concept of NGO came into usage in 1945 following the establishment of the United Nations Organizations which recognized the need to give a consultative role to organisations which were neither government nor member states (Willett, 2002) NGOs take different forms and play different roles in different continents, …
Do NGOs pay well?
Average Salaries for NGO jobs Guidestar and CNM report pegs the average median salary of CEO's of non-profits in the US as between $50,000 – $90,000. Some larger foundations pay up to to $150,000.
Why do NGOs exist?
Purpose of NGOs NGOs exist for a variety of purposes, usually to further the political or social goals of their members. Examples include improving the state of the natural environment, encouraging the observance of human rights, improving the welfare of the disadvantaged, or representing a corporate agenda.
How can I start an NGO trust?
Registration Process of Public Charitable TrustStep 1 : Choose an appropriate name for your Trust. … Step 2 : Determine the Settler/ Author and Trustees of the intended Trust. … Step 3 : Prepare a Memorandum of Association and Rules & Regulations of your Trust. … Bylaws of the Trust.Step 4: Prepare all the documents that will be required at the time of submission. … A. … B.More items…


Track your baby's development, week by week
Treasure Hunt
Photo by: Babycenter Community
Source: Babycenter Community
Mom Rating
Ages: 4-8+ years
In: Birthdays
Here are some ideas to make a fun and challengeing Treasure Hunt for your kids' next birthday party: 1. Plan a treasure hunt with each clue leading to the location of the next clue. You can buy a set of plastic Easter eggs, but you don't need them. Just make the clues easy to identify (use orange paper). Children as young as 2 can play this game by using pictures instead of words. (e.g. Put a picture of a bathtub in an egg. The next clue should be in the bathtub.) The final clue would lead to the treasure (plate of cookies, invitation to go to water slides, movie pass, lemonade). For older children, the clues could be riddles they need to solve. In the beginning, limit the number of clues to the age of the child (7 year old could follow seven clues to the treasure). 2. Make a treasure map (or list of directions) that would lead to the treasure. 3. Use a single type of paper to make the letters that spell out the location of the treasure (e.g. guest bed). The kids need to find the letters, than unscramble the word to find figure out where is the treasure. 4. Write up a list of common objects and have the kids find every item. If there's lots of kids, divide them into teams, and then give each team a list. 5. Get a roll of 100 pennies or any collection of coins. Either hide the change around the house, or toss it on the lawn or a gravel driveway. Kids will spend lots of time making sure they've found every coin. 6. Clues could be short poems with missing words to figure out.
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Create Widget Extension
Published by _USER_ at 7/5/2020
By using Widgets, users can diplay App contents on iOS Home and macOS Notification Center.
Thumbnail image from an article presented at WWDC20 that shows what you need to know to create a Widget Extension and how to create it.
What you need to know about Widgets
Widgets Size
The size of widgets are defined at supportedFamilies. There are 3 types,.systemSmall(2x2 Size),.systemMedium(4x2 Size),.systemLarge(4x4 Size).
StaticConfiguration and IntentConfiguration
There 2 type in Widgets, StaticConfiguration and IntentConfiguration.
 - StaticConfiguration: Users don't need any configuration on widgets, for example, widgets that display lates news.
 - IntentConfiguration: Users can configure on widgets, for example, widgtes that need location info to show weather.
TimelineEntry and Timeline
Widgets don't support real-time update. You need to provide contents with display time to widgets. You need to know TimelineEntry and Timeline.TimelineEntry Object has the contents and the Date-type date like below. (In this case, content is something Int type.) You set date to date when you want to display the contents.
struct SimpleEntry: TimelineEntry {
 var date: Date
 var int: Int
Timeline is an array of TimelineEntry objects. Reload of Timeline is occured at when the last TimelineEntry was displayed (.atEnd), after the specified time has elapsed (.after), App reload content through WidgetCenter(.never). Timeline is provided to widgets by Provider conforming to TimelineProvider.
Snapshot is used for previewing widgets and displaying them instantly in the Widget Gallery. A TimelineEntry is provided to the Snapshot. A mock value should be in the TimelineEntry until the contents will be fetched from servers.
The Provider is an object that provides the above timeline and Snapshot to the widget.
With StaticConfiguration、you use a Provider conforming to TimelineProvider.
With IntentConfiguration、you use a Provider conforming to IntentTimelineProvider.
struct Provider: TimelineProvider {
 public typealias Entry = SimpleEntry
 public func snapshot(with context: Context, completion: _USER_ (SimpleEntry) -> ()) {
 let entry = SimpleEntry(date: Date(), int: Int.random(in: 1..<100))
 public func timeline(with context: Context, completion: _USER_ (Timeline) -> ()) {
 // Generate a timeline consisting of five entries an hour apart, starting from the current date.
 let date = Date()
 let refreshDate =.minute, value: 1, to: date)!
 let timeline = Timeline(entries: [SimpleEntry(date: date, int: Int.random(in: 1..<100)), SimpleEntry(date: refreshDate, int: Int.random(in: 1..<100))], policy:.after(refreshDate))
The Placeholder displays the general look and feel of the widget. You will be able to use.redacted(reason:.placeholder) to implement.
The kind is a string that uniquely identifies the widget. Like com.example.widget, a string like the Bundle indentifier would be good.
Add Widget Extension
Widget technically refers to the Widget Extension that comes with your app.
Go to File → New → Target... then dialog appears, select Widget Extension and press Select.
Check Include Configuration Intent to use IntentConfiguration.
Enter the appropriate Product Name and Finish.
Press Activate when asked when activating "PRODUCT_NAME" scheme.
PRODUCT_NAME.swift will be added in the new directory.
You are now ready to create a Widget Extension.
Select your widget in "Set the active scheme" at top left and built it. IntentConfiguration widgets cannot be test with Xcode 12 beta and iOS Simulator. Let's wait for them to fix it.
Creating a Widget Extension | Apple Developer Documentation
Widgets - System Capabilities - iOS - Human Interface Guidelines - Apple Developer
 I released iOS App!
 ToDo App
 Visualize Activity, Data sharing with iCloud, Dark mode supported.
 IP Address bookmark.
 Check and bookamrk IP address of all interfaces with geolocation.


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Girolamo Fracastoro (Italy)
The Stamp
The stamp was issued in Italy on the occasion of the International Medical Congress held in Verona from the 1 to 4 September 1955.
The Doctor
Girolamo Fracastoro (1476/8 - 1553) was an Italian doctor and poet.
He was born in Verona, but trained in Padua where he later became a Professor.
Urology Connections
In 1530, he wrote an epic poem called, "Syphilis sive morbus gallicus" ("Syphilis or The French Disease"), about a shepherd boy named Syphilus who insulted the Greek god Apollo and was punished with a horrible disease. The disease subsequently became known as syphilis.
The poem also suggests using mercury and "guaiaco" as a cure.
← Back to Stamp Collection


Quick Answer: What Do You Mean By Non Statutory Body?
Which of the following is a non statutory body?
Definition of Non-Constitutional Bodies: Non Constitutional or Extra Constitutional bodies are the same.
These bodies aren't defined in the Constitution of the country….Hemant Singh.Name of the NonConstitutional BodyCurrent Chairman4.
State Human Right CommissionDifferent in each state8 more rows•Jun 19, 2020.
Which of the following is a statutory body?
What is another word for statutory?
In this page you can discover 16 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for statutory, like: legal, lawful, rightful,, contractual, regulation, legislative, regulatory, enforcement, provision and discretionary.
Is RBI a statutory body?
Though considered a body with considerable institutional independence, the RBI is not a constitutional body. It was established under the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. … However, to reiterate, the independence of the RBI is not constitutional. At the most, it is only statutory, a major difference in law.
Which is non constitutional body?
Non Constitutional or Extra Constitutional bodies are those bodies which are established after passing an act of Parliament. It means these institutions are not mentioned in our constitution.
What is meant by a statutory body?
Statutory bodies are established by acts which Parliament and State Legislatures can pass. These bodies are entities shaped by an Act of Parliament or state legislatures and set up by the government to consider the data and make judgments in some area of activity.
What's the difference between constitutional and statutory?
In the United States: Constitutional Law is the law of the land and is made up from all three branches of government. Statutory Law is created via the legislative branch and will not be greater than constitutional. … Constitutional governs the law making body of the nation.
What is statutory meeting?
(1) Every public company that is a limited company and has a share capital shall, within a period of not less than one month and not more than three months after the date at which it is entitled to commence business, hold a general meeting of the members of the company to be called the "statutory meeting".
What is the difference between statutory and non statutory?
Statutory refers to something that is related toa formal law or a statute, and non-statutory isessentially another term for common law. If something isstatutory, it is based on laws or statutes. Ifsomething is non-statutory, it is based on customs,precedents or previous court decisions.
What do you mean by statutory companies?
What is the definition for statutory?
1 : of or relating to statutes. 2 : enacted, created, or regulated by statute a statutory age limit.
Who gave idea of constitution?
M.N RoyM.N Roy, a pioneer of the communist movement in India and an advocate of radical Democracy was the person who for the first time in 1934 put forth the Idea an Indian Constituent Assembly for framing of Constitution of India for and according to Indians.
What is difference between autonomous and statutory body?
Which are government companies?
These are many government companies, few of them are, Steel Authority of India Limited, Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited, Coal India Limited, State Trading Corporation of India, etc.


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TSEARCH(3) Linux Programmer's Manual TSEARCH(3)
_TAG_
void *tfind(const void *key, void *const *rootp,
 const VISIT which,
 const int depth));
_TAG_ _GNU_SOURCE /* See feature_test_macros(7) */
_TAG_ void tdestroy(void *root, void (*free_node)(void *nodep));
tsearch(), tfind(), twalk(), and tdelete() manage a binary tree. They are generalized from Knuth (6.2.2) Algorithm T. The first field in each node of the tree is a pointer to the corresponding data item. (The calling program must store the actual data.) compar points to a comparison routine, which takes pointers to two items. It should return an integer which is negative, zero, or positive, depending on whether the first item is less than, equal to, or greater than the second.
tsearch() searches the tree for an item. key points to the item to be searched for. rootp points to a variable which points to the root of the tree. If the tree is empty, then the variable that rootp points to should be set to NULL. If the item is found in the tree, then tsearch() returns a pointer to it. If it is not found, then tsearch() adds it, and returns a pointer to the newly added item.
tfind() is like tsearch(), except that if the item is not found, then tfind() returns NULL.
tdelete() deletes an item from the tree. Its arguments are the same as for tsearch().
twalk() performs depth-first, left-to-right traversal of a binary tree. root points to the starting node for the traversal. If that node is not the root, then only part of the tree will be visited. twalk() calls the user function action each time a node is visited (that is, three times for an internal node, and once for a leaf). action, in turn, takes three arguments. The first argument is a pointer to the node being visited. The structure of the node is unspecified, but it is possible to cast the pointer to a pointer-to-pointer-to-element in order to access the element stored within the node. The application must not modify the structure pointed to by this argument. The second argument is an integer which takes one of the values preorder, postorder, or endorder depending on whether this is the first, second, or third visit to the internal node, or the value leaf if this is the single visit to a leaf node. (These symbols are defined in .) The third argument is the depth of the node; the root node has depth zero.
(More commonly, preorder, postorder, and endorder are known as preorder, inorder, and postorder: before visiting the children, after the first and before the second, and after visiting the children. Thus, the choice of name postorder is rather confusing.)
tdestroy() removes the whole tree pointed to by root, freeing all resources allocated by the tsearch() function. For the data in each tree node the function free_node is called. The pointer to the data is passed as the argument to the function. If no such work is necessary, free_node must point to a function doing nothing.
tsearch() returns a pointer to a matching item in the tree, or to the newly added item, or NULL if there was insufficient memory to add the item. tfind() returns a pointer to the item, or NULL if no match is found. If there are multiple elements that match the key, the element returned is unspecified.
tdelete() returns a pointer to the parent of the item deleted, or NULL if the item was not found.
tsearch(), tfind(), and tdelete() also return NULL if rootp was NULL on entry.
Interface Attribute Value
tsearch (), tfind (), tdelete () Thread safety MT-Safe race:rootp
twalk () Thread safety MT-Safe race:root
tdestroy () Thread safety MT-Safe
POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, SVr4. The function tdestroy() is a GNU extension.
twalk() takes a pointer to the root, while the other functions take a pointer to a variable which points to the root.
tdelete() frees the memory required for the node in the tree. The user is responsible for freeing the memory for the corresponding data.
The example program depends on the fact that twalk() makes no further reference to a node after calling the user function with argument "endorder" or "leaf". This works with the GNU library implementation, but is not in the System V documentation.
The following program inserts twelve random numbers into a binary tree, where duplicate numbers are collapsed, then prints the numbers in order.
_TAG_ _GNU_SOURCE /* Expose declaration of tdestroy() */
_TAG_
_TAG_
_TAG_
_TAG_
static void *root = NULL;
static void *
xmalloc(unsigned n)
 void *p;
 p = malloc(n);
 if (p)
 return p;
 fprintf(stderr, "insufficient memory\n");
static int
compare(const void *pa, const void *pb)
 return -1;
 return 1;
 return 0;
static void
 int *datap;
 switch (which) {
 case preorder:
 case postorder:
 datap = *(int **) nodep;
 case endorder:
 case leaf:
 datap = *(int **) nodep;
 int i, *ptr;
 void *val;
 ptr = xmalloc(sizeof(int));
 *ptr = rand() & 0xff;
 if (val == NULL)
 else if ((*(int **) val)!= ptr)
 twalk(root, action);
 tdestroy(root, free);
2015-08-08 GNU


text:
Regular inkjet technology could be used to print sheets of lasers onto any surface, thanks to research from Cambridge University.
Lasers are generally produced on silicon wafers, using similar processes to that of chip manufacturers. These are then used for a variety of applications, from reading data on a Blu-ray disk, to beaming data across the world in high speed internet connections, not to mention wider medical uses.
With a new production technique involving printing laser producing material, scientists could enable these many applications and more with greater ease, using any material as a surface.
Cambridge University researchers used materials known as chiral nematic liquid crystals (LCs), similar to that found in LCD televisions, to create the lasers. These photonic materials are able to produce laser light when placed under the correct conditions, such as when the scientists add a fluorescent dye.
While it has been possible to create this effect in labs previously, production methods have been overly complex, involving printing on substrates such as glass and silicon. However Cambridge scientists have now created a way to print small dots of LCs using standard inkjet technology
By printing onto a polymer surface scientists have the ability to print on almost any surface, even flexible ones, producing tuneable laser sources, and high resolution laser displays. Medical applications using the patented printing system are also being touted, according to the university.


If you brine chicken in a high saline solution and and then cook it using a dry heat method it will come out salty. IF however you do the same thing and then cook it with a wet heat method e.g. soup it doesn't come out salty or seem affected by the brine. Why is this?
Salt dissolves in water. Brining is simply the process of soaking something in a saline solution so that either it absorbs saltwater, or the salinity of the pre-existing water approaches equilibrium with that of the brine. The end state is just a lot of water, some on/inside the meat and some outside, all with approximately the same salinity.
If you roast the result, you're evaporating most of the water but keeping the salt. If you boil it, then you're just reversing the brining process you followed in the first place, by diluting whatever salt (not to mention any other minerals/flavour) it has.
The salt in a brined chicken is not reacting with the meat, it's just dissolved in the water (which is in/on the meat). Give it a good enough "rinse" and the salt water will be gone.
In a Dry Heat method (such as smoking) the air around your meat is incredibly, well, dry. This dry air is therefore prone to absorb any moisture it comes in contact with, like the brine. The water is absorbed into the air and the salt remains. This results in a higher concentration of salt and is what is causing your bird to be'salty'.
If, however, the air is moist already or there is a'more available' source of moisture (wet method) then the humidity of the air surrounding your meat is already at (or near) it's capacity, that is the air is at it's maximum humidity or it's saturation point. The result is that the already moist air does not draw out the moisture leaving your dish moist and flavorful. In this case the broth will have a more balanced flavor.
Using a brine for a dry method is often a good thing, like a smoked turkey. But the remaining moisture and seasoning will be concentrated through the smoking process and so it requires the right balance of seasoning to get the desired result.
A good example you can look at to compare this is Pastrami vs. Corned Beef. They both start as a brined brisket, but pastrami is either dry roasted or smoked where corned beef is boiled.
Your Answer


The Lost Jewels
A search of her family's attic uncovers a letter from a long lost relative. The letter indicates that he is in imminent danger. In the letter, he indicates that he anticipates a possible robbery. Did it lead to his murder?
For a young history teacher, her curiosity over the letter leads to a quest to investigate her family's history and discover what happened to the long forgotten relative.
This book involves mystery, robbery, murder and investigation. Locations include: Davenport Iowa, Kansas City Missouri, Alliance, North Platte and Kearney Nebraska.
Available in paper back and in e-book formats.
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Question: Do You Put Hinges On Door First?
Which way do you install door hinges?
Here's how they work: Left-hand hinges get installed on the left-hand side of the door if you want the door to open inward with the knob on the right side of the door.
Install them on the right-hand side if you want the door to open outward with the knob on the left-hand side of the door..
Should I put hinges on cabinet door or frame first?
Always consider hinge placement before installing hinges on any cabinet door. This comes before the door is hung, and standard hinge placement measurements should be used.
Do you need 3 hinges on a door?
Usually at least 3 hinges need to be fitted on a door. Light weight internal domestic doors may be fitted with only 2 hinges. Doors with a security function need to have at least 3 hinges, as this makes them more difficult to force. … For doors over 2200mm tall, then four hinges can be used to prevent warping.
What is the best way to hang cabinet doors?
One hand holding the door, one hand screwing the screws. Take off bottom hinge first, then top, remove the door. Replace the new hinges on the door and rest the door on your spacer. The holes will line up perfectly.
Why do bathroom doors need 3 hinges?
The third(centre) hinge WILL take weight from the door. AND it will actually help PREVENT warping(one of the main reasons to have a third hinge).
How many hinges should be on a door?
The general rule used to determine the number of hinges is: Every door should be provided with at least one hinge for every 30 inches in height or portion thereof; however, more hinges may be required per chart below. For example, a 90″ door needs three hinges and a 91″ door needs four.
Do hinges go inside or outside?
Most exterior doors open toward the inside of the house. That means the hinges, which hold the door in place, are located inside the house.
Can you put a new door on an existing frame?
A door has two frames. … You can install a new door to replace an old or damaged door in two ways: Use a "prehung" door already set into a finish frame to replace the old door and jambs, or use the existing jambs and set a new door into the hinges. Either method requires some carpentry skill.
Can you replace a door without replacing the frame?
Where do you place 3 hinges on a door?
As for the 3rd hinge, you could put it in the middle, but personally I would put it somewhere more towards the top, as that is where all the weight is in the door. I would say an inch or 2 below the top hinge.


text:
Since 1998, the Museum has been
collaborating with Artist Image Resource (AIR) and a number of area schools,
including the former Schenley High School (Warhol's alma mater) and Pittsburgh's
High School for the Creative and Performing Arts (CAPA), on art-making and
art-viewing projects. The focus of these projects is to teach young people all
aspects of the creative process through the lens of Andy Warhol's art and life
and the vision of practicing artists. Artist and School Partnerships are
supported by grants from The Grable Foundation, The Surdna Foundation and The
National Endowment for the Arts.
AIR began in 1995 and is an artist organization
integrating fine art printmaking with education programs exploring the creative
process. AIR provides artists with residency opportunities to work in
collaboration with master printers and is the only facility of its kind in the
tri-state area. AIR education projects create a vital environment where artists
and educators mentor students in an exploration of art, social issues and the
role media plays in our lives.
Pittsburgh's High School for the Creative
and Performing Arts (CAPA)
CAPA is a unique arts magnet
school, one of the first in the nation, where students receive training to
pursue careers in the arts. In 2004 CAPA relocated within walking distance of
The Warhol enhancing collaborative potential. All of the arts programs are
taught by an adjunct faculty of working artists who are committed to providing
students with learning opportunities that offer access to professional artistic
resources outside of school settings.
produced in a school partnersip is often selected by Museum curators to be
exhibited during Youth Invasion.


Markush Structures in MarvinSketch
 A Markush structure is a description of compound classes by generic notations. They are often used for patent claims and combinatorial libraries.
 R-groups, atom lists, position variation, and repeating units with repetition ranges are commonly used features in the representation of Markush structures.
 This section consists of the following subsections:


text:
Undergraduate Honors Thesis for the Department of Psychology at the University of Kansas.
- University of Kansas Department of Psychology Best Honors Thesis
- Outstanding Research by an Undergraduate in Psychology
One aspect of higher order social cognition is empathy, a psychological construct comprising a cognitive (i.e., recognizing emotions) and an affective (i.e., responding to emotions) component. Empathy deficits have been linked to executive and emotion regulation dysfunction in depression that might underlie a patient's interpersonal difficulties. However, most studies measure empathy through the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), which may not accurately capture affective empathy. Critically, prior studies have not examined a potential dissociation between cognitive and affective empathy in depressed individuals. In Study 1, a factor analysis determined the appropriateness of using the IRI to measure affective empathy. Results showed poor model fit with the affective empathy factor. In Study 2, we developed a behavioral measure of empathy, and examined differences in empathic processing as it relates to depression and ruminative thought. Results revealed differences in empathy between depressed and healthy controls, as well as differences by level of rumination. We discuss the implications of these findings for depression treatment.


Brussels Democratic Association
Brussels Democratic Association
an international democratic organization uniting proletarian revolutionaries and advanced elements of bourgeois and petit-bourgeois democrats, mainly from the ranks of political émigrés. It was founded in the autumn of 1847. The German Workers' Society in Brussels, led by K. Marx and F. Engels and others active in the Communist League, played a large role in the establishment of the Brussels Democratic Association. The Polish revolutionary I. Lelewel, the Belgian democrats L. Jottrand (elected chairman of the association) and V. Tedesco, and others joined the association. On Nov. 15, 1847, Marx was elected vice-chairman. The association tried to unite the democratic forces and mobilize them for struggle against the reactionary monarchist regimes in Europe. The Brussels Democratic Association became a major center of the international democratic movement. It maintained ties with democrats in Great Britain, Germany, France, Poland, and other countries. During the February 1848 revolution in France, the revolutionary wing of the Brussels Democratic Association came out in favor of rapid arming of the Belgian workers and developing the struggle for a democratic republic. However, after the Belgian authorities took reprisals against the more revolutionary elements of the association and after Marx was expelled from Brussels (Mar. 4, 1848), the moderate bourgeois republican wing, which was unable to lead an antimonarchist movement of the laboring masses in Belgium, became dominant in the Brussels Democratic Association. In 1849 the association factually ceased to exist.
Kandel', E. P. Marks i Engel's—organizatory Soiuza kommunistov. Moscow, 1953.
Mikhailov, M. I. Istoriia Soiuza kommunistov. Moscow, 1968.
Bertrand, L. Istoriia demokratii i sotsializma v Bel'gii s 1830 g, vol. 1. Moscow, 1907. (Translated from French.)
References in periodicals archive?
Mill on socialism, a bioeconomic Marx-Weber paradigm, Japanese cultural concepts of eclecticism and civil society, and amongst essays on new horizons, topics such as Louis Blanc and associationism in France, the Brussels Democratic Association and the Communist Manifesto and editorial problems in establishing a new edition of The German Ideology.
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BLACK DIGGERS 2019 by Tom Wright
(Studied in comparison to The Longest Memory by Fred Daguiar)
Over 1000 indigenous Australians served in WWI and yet their contribution remains almost unrecognised. This play is like pieces of an exploded bomb resurfacing from the mud; fragments and missing voices in an epic tale of triumph and disaster. It speaks of the struggle indigenous men faced trying to enlist in the war, of rare moments of racial equality on the battlefield, and of our post-war disregard for our Black Diggers. The First World War and the formation of our concept of our national identity are closely interwoven. Informed by indigenous actors and cultural specialists we will explore how the play is riddled with symbols that we might otherwise miss; symbols that point to an ongoing war fought by indigenous Australians for recognition.
The Longest Memory is a brutal portrayal of American slavery. As an historical context in which oppression has been voiced and acknowledged it offers parallels that makes it easier to see and accept what has been and still is happening in our own backyard.
The sounds of Australia. Gunfire!
$17 per student (minimum total fee $1700)
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Monthly Archives: February 2012
Book Club
Room for the awesome
I loved the article by Metzger on the Socratic Seminar format that she used in her classroom. I loved it because, aside from teaching algebra, my favorite thing to do as a sub was read with kids and talk about what we had read. And one of my favorite things to do as an adult is consume, analyze, and talk about stuff. Case in point, the number of text messages flying back and forth between my cousin and me after he lent me his copy of Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close by Jonathan Safran Foer this summer. My most memorable learning experiences as a student and a human have been in a Socratic setting.
What I do not love are the book club discussion questions that seem to be occurring more and more frequently in the backs of books. What unimaginative, uninteresting questions! If you're going to have a book club, at least go the extra step of requiring people to articulate a thought or question for discussion based on their own reading and not someone else's. This is what Metzger finds, too, when she notices how she derails conversation when she attempts to direct the discussion. This is also what I found as a sub. Frequently, teachers have some kind of prepared list of questions that they ask at the end of a reading, and these questions were invariably the least interesting part of talking with the kids about their experiences with the text.
I've been away at a conference for the last few days, and here's a short list of things I noticed:
 - When you aren't prepared for a presentation, people notice. They especially notice when you make a point of telling them how last minute your preparation for the presentation is.
 - There are few things more boring than listening to someone read a presentation word-for-word off a sheet of paper. Or, as is more frequently the case, multiple sheets of paper.
 - The best, most effective presentations are well thought out but leave lots of room for interaction.
So, here's what I'm saying, and this relates to the Metzger article as well as my work experience and conference experience: Plan, prepare, think, and then just let go. Don't be afraid. You need to leave room for the awesome to happen.
Gaming and self-promotion
So many great discussions in class this week. The conversation we had about gaming was just fascinating. For me, there are two key points that I will continue to mull over.
1. Motivation: Jane McGonigal is exactly right that whatever it is that motivates people to spend so much time gaming is worth exploring. What is it and how do we leverage it?
2. Experiential learning: This is where I think that gaming in an educational context can be really effective. If the game is about exposing students to a range of experiences in a "safe" environment, I believe that teachers can take that experience as the baseline for reflection and discussion. The learning happens on the reflection. The game can facilitate that.
Case and point: This American Life, episode 424, Act I: Trickle Down History
I also want to touch on something that came up in our Blogger Issues discussion: The use of blogs for self-promotion. I realize that I was the one who brought the topic up initially in our discussion, and I've thought a lot about it since because it was a kind of in-the-moment realization for me. Somehow, the thought of librarians using their blogs for self-promotion is a bit distasteful, or at least a little uncomfortable. And yet, a blog is inherently about a person's thoughts and opinions and therefore inherently self-promoting. And, libraries and librarians have a bit of a marketing problem. We aren't good at talking to the public about what we really do and why we do it. Is the discomfort because of personal marketing in general? Or is it because, for better or worse, those librarians that are best at self-promotion are the voice of libraries to the public and what they are saying is uncomfortable?
Right place, right time
Restored from the trash bin, posted for the correct week this time.
I pulled this from the Wiggins and McTighe article:
"We recommend that schools develop a public syllabus for every course, which articulates the course's transfer-meaning-acquisiton priorities and concomitant assessments. Such an approach offers a practical means of freeing high school instruction from the dominance of the textbooks and its emphasis on acquisition. The textbook should serve as a resource, not as the syllabus."
I am intrigued by the idea of a public syllabus. Where is this syllabus posted? Who has access to it? I can see how using and organizational structure like the one proposed in the article could really help teachers to understand why they are teaching a particular lesson and what their goals are at each step. I am sure that articulating the transferability of a course could also help a teacher to address transfer. I wonder how putting this knowledge in a public forum might effect the public's approach to education.
How People Learn says that "knowledge that is overly contextualized can reduce transfer; abstract representations of knowledge can help promote transfer" (53). I find this concept to be a knife edge. We want to provide good context, so that a student can effectively complete a task, but we don't want to confine learning to the context or they won't transfer. This is particularly hairy when you also consider that "it is important to be realistic about the amount of time it takes to learn complex subject matter." (56) Very possibly, the transfer won't take place until much, much later. Then what?
A Short (possibly misguided) Rant
I was a little bummed that we didn't talk about Jane McGonigal's TED talk in class this week. She said a lot of things that made me sit back, cross my arms, and raise an eyebrow. While I find most of her premise very compelling, she didn't talk about the most compelling part – the part where where the gamers actually take what they've learned in the game and apply it to the real world.
I wholeheartedly agree that gaming is an essential part of the human experience and that it is as important for survival as food and water. Of course, I believe that about all things that allow us to express our humanity. There's a whole field devoted to musical anthropology, which essentially proves that music and dance were practiced at a time when the basic human needs were not being reliably met. This means that, unlike many people who believe that music and dance (and other expressive arts) are hedonistic pleasures that only developed when people got enough free time to spend it doing things other than fulfilling basic needs, music is an essential part of the human experience. This is proven with bows that can be deconstructed after a long day of hunting to form percussion instruments and extremely primitive flutes that have no business being found in some of the harshest and least hospitable parts of the ancient world.
Anyway, that's a digression from my original point which is, basically, show me. Show me a gamer who truly takes what he or she has learned in a game about perseverance and epic wins and applies it to the real world.
She seems to be saying that if we could only structure the real world so that people are always given a challenge they can accomplish with their current skills, the world would be much better. I agree. The world would be much better if I always knew that I was going to accomplish what I set out to do, but that is just not realistic. Nor, frankly, do I want someone telling me what I can or can't accomplish.
And anyway, my biggest issue isn't even with what Jane McGonigal said, but with the consistent misinterpretation of the 10,000 hour rule. In fact, when she pulled out that hypothesis, one short, pithy word may have almost popped out of my mouth. I have a few issues with Malcolm Gladwell's Outliers, but I find his premise to be fairly solid. Here's what popular citation of the 10,000 hour rule generally ignores: 10,000 hours only makes you as good as you can be, which may or may not be as good as the next person. 10,000 hours does not mean that you will be successful. Success requires a whole host of other things including opportunity and access. And 10,000 hours does not have to be achieved before you can start to make a difference.
Assessing the Gap
Sooooooooo…. it turns out I'm not terribly information literate. I have trouble, for instance, reading charts and calendars. This lack of information literacy has led to a rather terrible error on my part. I did next week's readings and posted about them yesterday. Luckily (or unluckily for my schedule) I have caught my mistake, and below you will find a response to this week's readings. If you read my previous blog post and wondered what the heck was going on, sorry about that. I have taken down the post and will re-post it next week, at the appropriate time.
I've talked a bit about formative assessment here before. I really liked the Sadler article this week. I felt that the analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of formative assessment was solid, and I liked that the author attempted analogies that would spread across many different subject areas. Having said that, I feel the article skewed towards the creative arts. I would have liked to see more analogies that would apply to math or science. Still, this article really spoke to my experience


text:
Why Illuminati don't respect Muslims and don't allow them to enter their society? Read the article and you'll find an answer.
Many people who are interested with everything mystical and religious ask why illuminati hate Islam. In this article we'll try to find an answer.
Why the illuminati hate Islam?
Illuminati are a secret organization whose views and activity are kept in a strict secret and aren't known to anybody, except its members. Privacy of this organization is multilevel, and rank-and-file members are usually not let into its highest secrets. The Muslim shouldn't trust in those who can't be estimated from the point of view of Koran and Sunnah. Entering the organization of masons is similar to those who sign empty check and give it to other absolutely unknown person, thereby giving everything he has. Any Muslim can't unconditionally be sent to someone's will, except Allah's will. That's why does the illuminati hate Islam.
Because of developed cultural disagreements, hostility to each other has turned out. Here are more points why Illuminates and Islam are incompatible.
READ ALSO: Do illuminati worship the devil?
Why illuminati against Islam?
Society of masons is a secret organization, which purposes were never officially disclosed. It covers itself with a dense veil of privacy. Each new member has to swear a solemn oath never to reveal its secrets. It is informed that exposure of secrets of organization threatens his or her life. Access to this society is open not for everyone. Actually, society of masons takes members only after careful studying of their persons and situation. It also tries to admit to the organization monarchs, presidents, ministers conducting politicians and influential people. They are given honorary membership that holds them on the periphery of this secret society. It means that they don't make any decisions and aren't devoted in its secrets. Only those who are ready to work with fidelity for the sake of his purposes can know them. But only after passing of number of tests and advance on a scale of ranks. As Islam means certain rules, which contradict purposes of this organization, Illuminates don't consider followers of this religion as participants of the society. That's one more reason why does illuminati hate Islam.
Many people wrote about secret purposes of Masonic brotherhood. Generally, these were former members who left society after they realized that they couldn't reconcile with its purposes. This society serves the idea of world Jewry and therefore received such name. Illuminate means a builder, a bricklayer, and society of masons seeks to build a temple of Solomon in Jerusalem after destruction of the Al-Aqsa Mosque, because Jews claim that this mosque was built on the place of the destroyed temple.
This society takes everything that promotes interests of Jews under guardianship and favors to their situation in the world. Many members serve this society, believing that they serve freedom, equality and justice. But at the same time they don't know that they only assist establishment of domination of Jews in world affairs. For many years, masons had a mass of enemies, generally from Catholic and Muslim church.
If Muslim enters society of masons, then such step will contradict doctrines of Islam. The purposes and activity of this society contradict principles of Islam and break its laws. For example, Islam believes in preservation of equality between all people independently on race, skin color, origin, social standing or beliefs. The Muslim has to be fair to all people. Islam forbids favoritism, nepotism and discrimination at any pretext. Masons treat to each other with preference only because of membership in this society.
Islam respects other religions. The freemasonry deceives their members, forcing them to think that they promote a humanization of society though actually they promote interests of those who try to establish world supremacy of Jews. Masons seek for destruction of Al-Aqsa Mosque to build temple of Solomon on this place. How then the Muslim can enter this society? That's why do illuminati hate Islam.
- READ ALSO: Illuminati history


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Researchers at the University of São Paulo (USP) in Brazil analyzed data from 43 scientific articles describing the effects of COVID-19 on athletes and concluded that while the disease was asymptomatic or mild in the vast majority of cases (94%), about 8% of the subjects concerned had persistent symptoms affecting their performance and potentially preventing a return to training and competing.
The data they analyzed referred to some 11,500 athletes, including amateurs and high-performance professionals. The study was funded by FAPESP. The results are reported in an article published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.
"We analyzed data from acute cases to appraise manifestations and severity, as well as persistent symptoms reported after the virus had been eliminated from the organism. This scope is more comprehensive than what has become generally known as long COVID," said Bruno Gualano, a professor at the University of São Paulo's Medical School (FM-USP) and principal investigator for the study. "The article offers a real compendium on the topic and can be used as a guide by professionals who provide healthcare for athletes."
According to the article, 74% of the athletes had symptoms during the acute stage. The most common were loss of smell and/or taste (46.8%), fever or chills (38.6%), headache (38.3%), fatigue (37.5%), and cough (28%).
Only 1.3% progressed to the severe form of the disease. This is a similar proportion to the average for the total population, Gualano noted, adding that it is harder to compare the percentage of asymptomatic cases. "Many ordinary people are infected but have such mild symptoms that they simply aren't reported as confirmed cases. Athletes have to be examined and assessed all the time, so mild cases are diagnosed more frequently," he said.
The most innovative findings in the study, in his view, related to what happens after the acute stage: between 3.8% and 17% of the athletes concerned (8.3% for a 95% confidence interval) had persistent symptoms, including loss of taste and/or smell (30%), cough (16%), fatigue (9%), and chest pain (8%).
"We found that 3% developed exercise intolerance," Gualano said. "This isn't a serious or life-threatening disorder, but in the world of sport it can be a problem. For elite athletes, any difference in preparation can determine who wins medals because competition is fierce."
The protocols currently adopted by sports confederations typically authorize a return to activity only five or six days after the symptoms of COVID-19 disappear. In Gualano's opinion, however, the study shows that not all athletes are fit to resume training after such a short period.
"Ideally, athletes should be carefully assessed, and if there are persistent symptoms, it may be necessary to ensure that training is light for a time, or even delay a resumption until all symptoms are resolved," he said.
Although previous studies suggested COVID-19 heightens the risk of myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle due to infection) for athletes, this was not confirmed by the review. "In the studies that included a control group, we were unable to find a causal relationship between the infection and heart problems. Possibly the athletes already had myocarditis, and it was only discovered because imaging tests were performed when they were diagnosed with COVID-19," Gualano said. "However, the lack of evidence doesn't mean no such relationship exists. More research needs to be done on this matter."
Other gaps in this knowledge area should be filled by future research, Gualano added. One is the impact of omicron and its sub-variants on athletes and sports players, given that most of the articles analyzed were produced before their emergence.
"A smaller number of athletes who come to us appear to have persistent symptoms, but we don't know if this is due to the variant, to vaccination or to prior immunity. Nor do we know how well the vaccines in use protect people against the omicron sub-variants. We need to go on studying athletes in this new phase of the pandemic," he said.
This article is based on a press release from Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo.


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Haddad, Kévork (1996) Design and implementation of three-phase four-wire active filters. Masters thesis, Concordia University.
The widespread use of power electronics in all types of industrial, commercial and even residential electrical equipment is causing the deterioration of the quality of the electric supply through distortion of the supply voltage. This has led to the development of more stringent requirements regarding harmonic current generation, as are found in standards such IEEE-519. Passive filters have been used to limit the flow of harmonic currents in distribution systems. However, these tend to be bulky and the design is complex, particularly if the number of harmonic components to be reduced increases. With improvements in power electronic devices and conversion techniques, an innovative concept, the active power filter, has recently been proposed and investigated. Voltage source structures in particular present excellent performance characteristics in three phase configurations. However, in a number of installations, four-wire systems are used. Furthermore, if the three phase load is unbalanced, neutral currents flow and the three phase three-wire active filter cannot adequately eliminate harmonics. This thesis deals with active filters for the general case of three phase four-wire systems. The proposed filter uses three independent current controllers acting on half-bridge inverters. The PWM pattern is generated using a constant frequency ramp comparison technique. A detailed analytical study is presented to design the power circuit in order to ensure operation in single phase and unbalanced load conditions. The quality of the supply current, the magnitude and components of the neutral current and the filter bandwidth are investigated. The theoretical considerations are verified by simulation and by experiments on a industrial prototype. Results demonstrate that the active filter is a viable and a potentially economical solution to mitigating harmonics in distribution power systems.
|Divisions:||Concordia University > Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science > Electrical and Computer Engineering|
|Item Type:||Thesis (Masters)|
|Pagination:||xix, 107 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm.|
|Degree Name:||Theses (M.A.Sc.)|
|Program:||Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering|
|Thesis Supervisor(s):||Joos, Geza|
|Deposited By:||Concordia University Libraries|
|Deposited On:||27 Aug 2009 13:10|
|Last Modified:||08 Dec 2010 10:13|
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More than ever, companies are growing globally, which requires employees to engage with offices in other countries on a regular basis. These conference calls and video sessions can often prove challenging to all parties involved. For example, miscommunication is rampant due to pronunciation and cultural factors, which can result in missed deadlines, frustration, loss of productivity, and even a total breakdown of a project.
While many companies require second language learners to undergo training, not much is being done in terms or raising awareness of what native speakers can do to help solve the problem.
Lighthouse Communication offers a 90- minute workshop on improving communication in a global work environment for the US offices. Special emphasis will be on improving communication and productivity of calls and video conferences by providing strategies to engage people in remote offices.


Frequently Asked Questions
Below are a few questions that we regularly receive from our customers, if your question is not answered below, be sure to contact us.
How do I operate the gas bottle changeover switch valve?
Manual changeover switch valves
Manual changeover switch valves
Your gas supply will stop when a gas bottle is empty.
You will need to:
 1. Turn the hand wheel on the empty gas bottle OFF (clockwise).
 2. You then move the changeover valve lever to point towards the other (full) gas bottle.
 3. Turn the hand wheel on the full gas bottle ON (anti-clockwise).
 4. Please remember to order a replacement gas bottle so you don't run out.
 5. Please note that, in the picture shown, the lever (blue) is pointing upwards just to make it more visible.
In actual use it would be set to the left or right.
How can I tell how much gas is left in my cylinder?
How to Check How Much Gas is Left in Your Gas Bottle
This test works with either 45kg home gas bottles or BBQ gas bottles:
Checking Gas Level
 1. Do NOT use boiling water, as you would risk scalding yourself. Water from the hot water tap of your home should work fine.
 2. Using care, SLOWLY pour the hot water down one side of the gas bottle.
Quick Tip
More water is better, as it will make it easier to feel the difference in temperature.
 1. A line of condensation may appear, indicating the gas level. If not:
 2. Wait a few seconds and then run your hand down the same side of the gas bottle, where you poured the water.
 3. You should feel a change of temperature at the level of the gas.
If you feel no difference, the gas bottle may well be empty.
How do I pay for my gas delivery?
We accept credit card payments; cash or cheques can also be given to the driver. Simply let the girls know when you place an order.
What is LPG?
LPG stands for Liquefied Petroleum Gas, which is a term to identify propane, butane or a mixture of the two. In Australia, LPG is propane gas.
Is LPG different to natural gas?
Yes. While similar, the two gases need different amounts of oxygen to burn. Appliances built for LPG usage have different burners than natural gas appliances.
Are there restrictions on where gas bottles can be located in my home?
Yes. Due to the nature of the material, gas cannot be stored near wall openings, drainage systems or ignition sources.
Forster Gas
 - Depot Location: 3/3 Rodmay St, Tuncurry NSW 2428
 - Phone: 02 6555 3352
 - Mobile: 0409 425 140
 - Email: _EMAIL_
 - Hours: Monday – Friday: 7am – 5pm
 - ABN: 23 072 704 858


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A forthcoming article in the journal Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, now available online through advance access, tackles the influence of physics on Galtonian science. The piece, authored by Gregory Radick (left), investigates physics's influence on three Galtonians: Francis Galton himself, as well as W. F. R. Weldon and William Bateson. Title, author, and abstract follow below.
"Physics in the Galtonian sciences of heredity," by Gregory Radick
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Physics matters less than we once thought to the making of Mendel. But it matters more than we tend to recognize to the making of Mendelism. This paper charts the variety of ways in which diverse kinds of physics impinged upon the Galtonian tradition which formed Mendelism's matrix. The work of three Galtonians in particular is considered: Francis Galton himself, W. F. R. Weldon and William Bateson. One aim is to suggest that tracking influence from physics can bring into focus important but now little-remembered flexibilities in the Galtonian tradition. Another is to show by example why generalizations about what happens when 'physics' meets 'biology' require caution. Even for a single research tradition in Britain in the decades around 1900, these categories were large, containing multitudes.


I notice that when downloading a footprint from Ultra-Librarian that it often includes a set of 3. When downloading the models for the ITS414N for example it includes three slightly different footprints: Sot223, Sot223-M, Sot223-L.
Are these footprints meant for different layers or are they alternatives based on the needs of the designer? If so, why should one footprint be chosen over the other?
enter image description here
Notice how the pads on each are different. These usually follow the different recomendations (usually from IPC) for high density, low density, etc.
Low density has bigger pads which will give you better thermal and electrical connections and can be stronger.
Depending on the soldering process (hand soldering, flow, oven) you might also want different pad sizes.
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What Does a Purchase Order Contains and How Does It Work?
purchase order blog
Purchase Order
Every business has two primary parties, a buyer and a seller, regardless of the industry. A company keeps track of its inventory and sales through the usage of a purchase order and invoice. As these documents are similar in many aspects, there is often confusion.
It is a legal document between a buyer and the seller initiated by the buyer. Whereas, an invoice is a sales document requesting payment for the goods sold.
What does a purchase order contain?
What Purchase Order Contains
The purchase order is from the buyer to the seller requesting materials at a price fixed by the seller. It contains the following points:
 - Issuing date
 - Purchase Order Number
 - Details of materials
 - Shipping Details
 - Buyer's name and Address
 - Seller's name and Address
 - Terms and Conditions
A purchase order is created before the sales invoice is sent as it defines the requirements for sale. Having a proper purchase order system will help the management in keeping track of ordered, shipped, and received but not invoiced stock. With modern technologies in place, purchase orders have now become computerized and allow for better payment and inventory tracking.
How does a purchase order work?
purchase order works
The working of the order takes place in three steps:
1. Submission
The buyer pre[ares the order electronically through their purchasing department. It usually includes all the details regarding the order. All the buyer needs to do is to fill the fields for each piece of data in the computer and mail it to the seller.
2. Processing
Once the buyer submits the purchase order, the seller process the order. The orders' status on the seller's side remains in-progress until the delivery of the product. Once the shipment physically reaches the buyer's warehouse, the purchase order is compared with the inventory, and the actual inventory arrives. Then the purchase order is marked as processes and awaiting payment.
3. Completion
Suppliers use these orders for order fulfillment and the payment process. Upon the receipt of the payment and shipping, the seller uses the order to tally their inventory. Often, along with electronic input, the seller also takes a paper copy for a manual check of the shipment. If the order is unpaid, payment reminder dates and deadline along with return date is set.
The buyer uses a purchase order when they wish to buy supplies or inventory on credit. PO also serves as risk protection in case of any dispute. It also has a significant part in inventory and payment tracking. It helps the suppliers to compare the shipped and ordered inventory for the exact status. The suppliers can track the payments that they have received for specific orders. Buyers also hold hard copies of the purchase order to monitor the timely receipt of the goods.
Multi-Channel Inventory, Purchase & Sales Software
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Mystic — Yellow Pink has always been an inconsistent molter.
But last summer, when the 14-year-old male African penguin shed his waterproof feathers, they never grew back.
That's when penguin trainers at Mystic Aquarium began to worry that Yellow Pink would get cold in the 65-degree water of the exhibit where he and the other penguins swim.
So they fashioned him a 3 mm wet suit out of a piece of an old diving wet suit, with openings for his flippers and a Velcro closure. The suit now allows Yellow Pink to go in the water without getting chilled.
"He's done really well with it. It hasn't affected his swimming or movement," said assistant trainer Josh Davis Friday afternoon, as Yellow Pink stood still while Davis put his wings through the two holes and secured the Velcro closure. He then began to waddle around.
Yellow Pink — aquarium penguins are named after the identifying beads they wear — did not go swimming Friday, as all the aquarium's penguins are kept inside when the air temperature drops below 26 degrees. The penguins are native to the more temperate climate of South Africa, not Antarctica.
Yellow Pink is the first penguin at the aquarium to experiencee "premature feather loss," a rare condition that Davis said few other aquariums have experienced.
In 2007, a children's book called "Pierre the Penguin" was published about an African penguin at the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco who had the same problem. He would not swim because of the cold and was shunned by his fellow penguins. When he began wearing a wet suit, he was accepted back into the group.
Davis said Yellow Pink will continue to wear his wet suit until he grows new feathers, though it is not clear when that will happen.
According to the aquarium, the penguins' dense coat of 70 feathers per square inch are coated with an oil they produce from a gland near the base of their tail.
Davis said that underneath the feathers, the penguins have a layer of gray downy feathers that keep them warm. In Yellow Pink's case, the gray feathers are now exposed and get wet.
"It's sort of like wearing a wet fleece," he said.
The wet suit, though, traps a thin layer of water against the penguin's body, which is then heated by the bird's body temperature.
Davis said the trainers know the wet suit is working because when they remove it from Yellow Pink, warm water runs off it.
He said that even though the wet suit makes Yellow Pink more buoyant, it has not affected his ability to swim and dive, which visitors to the exhibit can watch.


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Prevalence and magnitude of body weight and shape dissatisfaction among university students.
ABSTRACT Although prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing, prevailing sociocultural influences lead females to desire a thin body and males a muscular body, often resulting in body dissatisfaction (BD) because many cannot achieve the cultural ideal. This study examined the magnitude of BD in university undergraduates (n=310). Body weight dissatisfaction (BWD) was measured as the difference between current and idealized body weight; body shape dissatisfaction (BSD) as the difference between and current and idealized body shape. Overall, females expressed greater BD than males. Overweight individuals expressed the greatest BWD and BSD, yet half desired a weight that would maintain their overweight body mass index (BMI) classification. Normal weight females desired a slightly thinner, lighter body, while desires among normal weight males were mixed. Underweight females and normal weight males expressed little BWD and BSD, commonly idealizing a body weight maintaining their BMI classification. However, results may suggest a shift in body size ideals in an era of prevalent obesity, with overweight males and females expressing less BD and few normal weight individuals, particularly females, idealizing a very thin body.
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ABSTRACT: Body dissatisfaction and problematic eating behaviors are common among emerging adults in college, especially in the Westernized world, suggesting a need for a better understanding of predictors and potential buffers of such negative outcomes. Also, findings from the relative impact of emotion regulation abilities on body image and eating behaviors have been mixed. Thus, the present study investigated the interplay among negative body image cognitions (e.g., thoughts and feelings of dissatisfaction) and maladaptive eating/dieting behaviors, global stress, perceived social support, and two types of emotion regulation abilities (amplification and reduction) in a sample of 95 emerging adults (mean age 18.9-years). Results indicated that negative body image cognitions and maladaptive eating behaviors correlated significantly with perceived ability to regulate negative affect by reducing emotions, but not with emotion regulation amplification abilities. Also, perceived global stress correlated significantly with EMOTION REGULATION AND BODY IMAGE 194 negative body image cognitions and problematic eating behaviors. In contrast, the relationship between body image variables and perceived social support was not significant. Finally, regression analyses indicated that emotion regulation reduction abilities predicted emerging adults' negative cognitions pertaining to their body/weight, but not their maladaptive eating behaviors, beyond perceived stress. Implications, limitations, and suggestions for future research will be discussed.
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ABSTRACT: Social comparison (i.e., body, eating, exercise) and body surveillance were tested as mediators of the thin-ideal internalization-body dissatisfaction relationship in the context of an elaborated sociocultural model of disordered eating. Participants were 219 college women who completed two questionnaire sessions 3 months apart. The cross-sectional elaborated sociocultural model (i.e., including social comparison and body surveillance as mediators of the thin-ideal internalization-body dissatisfaction relation) provided a good fit to the data, and the total indirect effect from thin-ideal internalization to body dissatisfaction through the mediators was significant. Social comparison emerged as a significant specific mediator while body surveillance did not. The mediation model did not hold prospectively; however, social comparison accounted for unique variance in body dissatisfaction and disordered eating 3 months later. Results suggest that thin-ideal internalization may not be "automatically" associated with body dissatisfaction and that it may be especially important to target comparison in prevention and intervention efforts.Body Image 09/2014; 11(4):488–500. · 1.90 Impact Factor
- Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 01/2011; 15:_PHONE_.


SAFES integrates agriculturally and environmentally related disciplines to develop holistic approaches for tackling "wicked" challenges.
Credit: Adobe Stock
Credit: Adobe Stock
Programmatic Domains
Achieving agricultural, food, economic, and ecosystem sustainability amid changing political, economic, and environmental climates is inherently a multi-system problem that can be a moving target. The science of agricultural sustainability for landscape-level challenges will require a multi-disciplinary and multi-scale approach involving innovations in integrated modeling, data science, and visualization.
SAFES establishes an infrastructure of four programmatic domains to address key challenges that impact society within the interconnected contexts of agriculture, food, watersheds, natural resources, the economy, and urban/rural interfaces. These domains of expertise are the scaffold that support the establishment and endurance of areas of expertise, fortifying the University's capacity to effectively respond and provide solutions to emergent issues such as disruption, resilience, regeneration, biodiversity, optimizing ecosystems services, and innovative stakeholder engagement, among others.
The data domain will create a capacity of expertise in the theory and methods of data acquisition and analysis. This domain will identify data sources that should be available to researchers at Penn State and work to make these resources easily accessible to the Penn State research community. The data domain will also identify and develop state of the art techniques to collect original data (sensor technology) and mine data (machine learning or artificial intelligence) for important new insights relevant to multisystem dynamics and landscape scale interactions.
The models domain will create a capacity of expertise in coupling and translating information across biophysical and socioeconomic models. This framework builds on strengths at Penn State in the development and use of computational models and tools for research and expands this expertise to integrate across models and collaborate across modeling teams and platforms. The model domain will focus on building data and computational tools to help facilitate coupling and translation across individual models.
The discovery domain will create a capacity of expertise in making acquired data and interoperable models accessible to academic and non-academic audiences within and beyond the university. This domain builds strength in specialized translations (visual, technical, verbal, etc.) that can effectively communicate the knowledge and thus extend the societal benefits of the research, evaluation of new technologies, and design of communications around policy options and business management solutions. The discovery domain builds on a strong and unique tradition in the college for "useand need-inspired" research. The discovery domain will be a "switchboard" for connecting researchers to resources and building synergies across the University to leverage talent and skill within and especially beyond the college.
Landscape-Level Interactions
The landscape-scale interactions domain will build a capacity of expertise in understanding how interactions occur across scales, which is critical to improving our predictability of how a system at one spatial scale will be influenced by an impact occurring at a different spatial scale. This framework may be understood as a cross-cutting research domain that will address fundamental challenges most modelers and data scientists face when attempting to understand multisystem dynamics; namely, how are the different components in the system integrated, and importantly how do these dynamics interact across different landscape scales.
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