defense in depth: (DOD, NATO) The siting of mutually supporting defense positions designed to absorb and progressively weaken attack, prevent initial observations of the whole position by the enemy, and to allow the commander to maneuver his reserve.
--- from the DOD Dictionary of Military Terms
Defense in depth design principles
Defense in depth is a fundamental design principle for security and defensive systems. It is a key strategy when planning the overall defensive design of a castle, computer network, city, force positioning, or computer system. In some ways, it is the application of design margin to security. By making security not have a single point of failure, weaknesses in design, implementations, algorithms, or protocols are not fatal by themselves.
There are a number of aspects to defense in depth:
 - Layering for redundancy: Defenses should be composed from multiple independent layers. If any one layer should fail, the other layers remain to protect the critical assets. It is important the redundancy of layers is real and that there aren't some attack tree paths that are substantially weaker than others. The overall security of the system is only as strong as its weakest link, so it's important that layers are composed on all paths.
 - Visibility into failures: It is important to have visibility into the integrity of every layer. It should ideally not be possible for any one layer to be compromised or otherwise fail without this being detected. This gives the defender early detection of attacks, along with the corresponding ability to respond, reposition defenses, or counter-attack. It also allows the defender to estimate the degree of compromise, providing the ability for measured response.
 - Limit externally-visible exposure: By layering defenses, attackers may only have information about the layers that are exposed to them, either initially or through the compromise of outer layers. This severely limits their ability to plan ahead, making their attack both slower and more likely to be noticed. It's worth taking this as an added benefit, however, for there's a serious risk in relying on security through obscurity and underestimating the amount of information available to an attacker. To avoid detection, an attacker must therefore be perfect while simultaneously being ignorant of what is ahead.
 - Containment of failures: By compartmentalizing defenses, compromises can be limited to portions of a system. Incident response can then be a measured response that targets the compromised areas rather than having to treat everything as potentially compromised (although it is worth erring on the side of assuming that things have been compromised unless you know for certain that they haven't been).
The principle of defense in depth makes sense to apply to both a full system and to individual subsystems. In this way, it can be composed fractally where layered defenses are apparent at all scales.
In constructing defensive layers, different types of layers may be used to serve different purposes. With many of these layers, degree of defense does not simply compose arithmetically or geometrically. Some different purposes for layers include:
 - Primary defense: These layers comprise the key to the defense of any subsystem and when taken together defend against all attacks against the subsystem. Every subsystem must have one or more of these layers. In many cases, this layer is simply vigilance in design and implementation.
 - Attack/intrusion detection: These layers are often transparent or invisible to attackers, but provide defenders with information about attackers, the nature of attacks, and their degree of success at compromise.
 - Focused defense: These layers, designed to be used in conjunction with more general-purpose defenses, defend against particular attacks. These can be used to strengthen the weaker parts of primary defenses and to add additional protection against common attacks.
 - Raising the bar: These layers do not necessarily stand alone or provide any real protection but instead make attacks harder and decrease the number of potential attackers who have the skills and resources to mount a successful attack. Security through obscurity may not be effective as a primary defense, but it can help raise the bar.
Examples in physical defensive strategies
Defense in depth has been employed for thousands of years in the design of fortifications. Castles are one of the better demonstrations of the effectiveness of this design principle. Medieval castles had multiple layers of defense, going from the hill or position in which they were built, to far outer walls, to a moat, to the primary outer walls (bailey), to inner walls, to an inner keep/tower, to defenses within the tower. The outermost defenses would slow down attackers and reduce the element of surprise while the defenders could fall back to inner positions as outer layers were compromised.
Examples in networks and computer systems
When applied to computer networks, systems, and individual hosts, defense in depth involves placing redundant protections at many levels. On the perimeter, a corporate network may have a firewall and an IDS (intrusion detection system). Internally, the network may be compartmentalized such that servers and user machines for different organizations are firewalled from each other. Critical assets (such as authentication servers) may even have additional protections in front of them.
In addition to layered perimeter defenses, individual machines and communication channels should have their own protections.
Machines should be protected themselves (for example, only running services that need to be running, have security patches applied promptly, etc.) Machines should avoid transitive trust and principle of least privilege should be obeyed. Machines should have host-based intrusion detection systems (such as virus checkers).
Even if network layer channels between machines are encrypted through something like IPsec, end-to-end security (encryption, authentication, and authorization) should still be performed at or close to the application layer.
Software components running on machines can also be designed for defense in depth. In addition to paranoid design and implementation (for example, in avoiding buffer overruns), components should validate their inputs and not implicitly trust even other components running on the same machine. When possible, components should only have the capabilities that they need and should be running in restricted environments.
A common mistake of Information Systems executives is assuming that a firewall will solve all of their company's network security problems. However, firewalls should only be a component to a coherent defensive strategy. By themselves, they are only an outer wall that provides protection to attackers from the outside. Not only do the reported majority of corporate computer security incidents come from the inside *, but firewalls are insufficient by themselves at protecting companies from attacks from the outside. A great example of the dangers in relying on firewalls was provided by the Code Red Worm which infected employee laptops at home and was then carried inside of corporate firewalls where it proceeded to infect internal systems.
As the infantry charged across the plain, a small flag began waving from atop the cliff to their left. "Shit" exclaimed the exec, pointing it out to the captain. "They know we're coming."
With that, the rumble of heavy artillery began from the far side of the hill across the plain. "Not to worry," began the captain. "Arced shot isn't going to be painful. When we get closer, if they skip shot, then we'll have to worry." Even as the first balls began falling around them, a sergeant in the third platoon called out, "Skirmishers on the right!"
A squad of light cavalry, armed with pistols came on an oblique approach, snapping shots at long distance. "Third platoon! Wheel and engage! First and second platoons! Charge!" Even as the third platoon snapped their rifles to firing position, the voices of the first two platoons rose in a ululating war cry.
Grape shot came whizzing out of the fixed emplacements at the top of the hill, dismembering soldiers as the laboriously charged uphill. Then the advancing units reached the earthworks, and began clambering up into the teeth of enemy gunfire. As they reached the brush and spikes at the crest, they began shoving through, their numbers much reduced. Here, it was bloody work - with no time to reload, both sides began stabbing with the bayonets fixed to their rifles.
The coronets of the defenders rose, and a fresh squad of defenders rushed forward into the breech, repulsing the attack.
An example of physical defense in depth
Forward Observers
Provides the ability to see the enemy's formation prior to the engagement
Long range artillery
Forces the enemy to keep moving - as soon as they become stationary, the artillery can range on them. As it is, the benefits of suppressive fire against morale is high.
In this instance, skirmishers forced the advancing unit to divide, thus weakening the attack against the main fortification.
Enfilading fire
At close range, grape shot into attacking infantry is... lethal.
Being on the uphill side of a charge is always advantageous.
Having units firing upon the chargers - even as they ran uphill.
Effectively, walls to shield the defenders against incoming fire, and forcing the attackers over yet another hurdle.
Preparing infantry for a shift from long range to close quarters combat.
A strategic force prepared to reinforce the defense.


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Youth Engagement Lead (Seeds of Leadership)
Job Title - Youth Engagement Lead (Seeds of Leadership)
Employment Type: Contract - Full Time - 12 months
For the past 3 years at Seeds of Leadership, we have been dedicated to nurturing the leadership potential in youth. Through customized training, guidance, and community projects, we instill essential skills, mindsets, and characteristics integral to exemplary leadership. With a vision for a more equitable world, we underscore the pivotal role of emerging leaders in driving positive change.
Our mission is to identify and nurture young talents (Age 14 – 21), providing them with an uplifting environment to hone their leadership skills and emerge as the proactive innovators and leaders our world needs. With an entrepreneurial spirit, we're always seeking out ways to enhance our approach, services, and overall impact.
In just three years, we have empowered the launch of over 100 projects, positively affecting more than 2,000 lives. These young individuals have established businesses, addressed community issues, and initiated programs that bring transformative change to people. As we look forward to welcoming more Youth Cohorts, we are set on elevating the contributions of young individuals throughout Canada.
The role of the Youth Engagement Lead at Seeds of Leadership is crucial in fast tracking the development of our upcoming leaders. They serve as a primary role model for the youth as they navigate through the program's path. This position not only drives our youth programs but also lays the foundation for a nurturing environment where young individuals can thrive. Through mentorship, event coordination, and establishing valuable partnerships, the Engagement Lead directly impacts the youth's trajectory, ensuring they are equipped with the tools and confidence to make meaningful contributions to their communities and beyond.
We are looking for a creative, detailed oriented, and positive individual with a desire to have an impact on the development of youth. Someone vibrant, adaptable, and naturally relatable to young individuals. A person eager to get their hands dirty to get the work done and hungry for learning and improvements.
Please bear in mind that having a solid grasp of the subjects the youth are studying is essential for providing effective assistance. To aid in this, we will provide you with the necessary training, information and resources related to the topics.
What will you be doing?
- Youth development: Establishing mentorship ties by engaging with youth individually every month, ensuring they provide timely and quality project reports, and linking them with relevant resources for their growth and projects.
- Coordinating immersive learning events: Plan and oversee immersive learning experiences such as retreats, summits, and coaching circles. This includes managing a current events calendar, conceiving innovative engagement activities, budgeting for each event, and collaborating with the creative team to effectively promote the Seeds brand and its events.
- Youth scouting: Proactively identify and screen young individuals with leadership potential through partnerships with other organizations and by organizing recruitment events.
- Volunteer Engagement: Responsible for attracting, training, and supporting volunteers. This includes implementing recruitment strategies, providing necessary training, offering ongoing support, and maintaining strong relationships to keep volunteers engaged and motivated.
- Partnership building: Develop and sustain relationships with partners to enable youth to execute their impact projects collaboratively, as well as securing sponsorships for learning events.
- Grants acquisition: Identify pertinent grant opportunities, diligently track and follow up on applications, and creatively write and submit grant proposals.
To be successful you need the…
- Ability to relate to the youth
- Optimistic mindset
- Hunger for excellence
- Strong critical thinking
- Strong attention to detail
- Comfortable with flexible work time including weekends
Experience we are looking for:
Preferred experience of 2-3 years in supporting the development of youth

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


January 21, 2000 FCC CHAIRMAN KENNARD APPLAUDS INDUSTRY DECISION TO PROVIDE TELECOMMUNICATIONS ACCESS FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES The deadline for mounting a legal challenge to our Section 255 rules which provide access for people with disabilities to telecommunications in the information age passed, with no challenges being filed. I am pleased that the industry is focusing its considerable talents on implementing the rules rather than on challenging them. I welcome the industry's willingness to focus on increasing access to people with disabilities, rather than on litigation, is a testament to the enormous amount of work industry representatives put into developing these rules. It proves that collaborative problem solving yields the best result. -FCC-


Ten Qualities of A Successful Individual
Ten Qualities of A Successful Individual
Photo of Shem-shem Pablo
By Soni
Success is the output of an individual's effort, hard work, dedication, sincerity, and experience put in for years together to achieve the desired goals.
Success is not easily attained; it is to be acquired by putting in the efforts of the years.
A success mantra: "Jack of all trades, master of SOME." will possibly sum it up.
To be a successful person you have to be a jack of all trades and a master of some. An individual with who is multi-talented has the quality to recognize the opportunity and grab it at that moment.
Below are some of the qualities, in my opinion of what successful people have:
1. He must have some education required at a level within his desired field. He must have a great passion towards reading and ability to have an open mind.
2. He must have some confidence to face the situation: Even and Odd.
3. He must have a personality that mesmerizes anyone at any time.
4. He must have professionalism to a level where one must have thorough knowledge of the field where he is working.
5. He must have integrity towards work and work culture.
6. She must have knowledge of language which also plays an important role in success; Linguistic people have less interaction barriers.
7. She must be able to adapt to change easily.
8. She must be technologically savvy or at the very least inclined towards Information Technology and the use of social media as success tools.
9. She must be a positive person with an optimistic approach.
10. She should be an adorable person and a simple human being.
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Funny animal videos where animals exhibit unusual behaviors like the viral fainting goat often surface on the internet, but are the animals in those videos actually trying to be funny? Well, the answer is no.
A lot of netizens found the clip of a fainting goat hilarious: the viral video shows goats that seem overly-dramatic. After being startled by a moving object, they faint and then after a few seconds, get up and walk away like nothing happened.
These 'fainting' goats have a hereditary genetic disorder called myotonia congenita: rather than the usual fight or flight response of animals when sensing danger, myotonic goats' muscles become tense, making them appear to have fainted. Although seeming like unconscious, these goats do not actually faint or lose consciousness, their muscles get tense for a few seconds and relax after they have sensed that the danger is gone.
Other animals' unusual behaviors are often caused by some odd animal reflex, making them involuntarily respond to situations that startle them. There are various reflexes such as cats' righting reflex or their ability to land on their feet after falling; horses' flehmen reflex, where their upper lip curls back, baring their teeth when they smell something new; and the dogs' scratching reflex to keep themselves safe from biting ticks.
Although these things may appear hilarious, there is a real and psychological reason behind those unusual actions that animals often exhibit.
(Source link)


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- Passivity and passiveness are nouns derived from the adjective passive.
- Both nouns mean the same thing and are often listed as synonyms.
Passive is an adjective; a word we use to describe someone or something that is not active. Someone who is lethargic can be described as passive. When we're allowing something to happen and not doing it ourselves, we're being passive.
You probably know that you can turn an adjective into a noun by adding the right suffix. In the case of the adjective passive, you can use two different suffixes to create two different nouns with the same meaning.
Meaning of Passivity and Passiveness
The two nouns in question are passivity and passiveness. If you look them up in dictionaries, you'll find that they're often listed simply as nouns derived from the adjective passive. If you manage to find them defined individually, you can expect the dictionary to tell you that passivity is the state of being passive and that passiveness is the condition of being passive. In most cases, the words are listed as being each other's synonyms.
The suffix in the word passivity—-ity—is generally used with words of Latin origin. And yes, passive is a word of Latin origin. On the other hand, the -ness in passiveness is a suffix native to the English language, and as such can be used on any word, regardless of its origin. That's why it's okay to say either passivity or passiveness, though it appears that passivity is the more common one.
Passivity and Passiveness: Examples
Passivity and passiveness are nouns that denote a state and a condition of someone or something. You can use it when you want to say that someone is not taking an active role in things going on around them, that someone is letting things go by without reacting to them, or that someone is letting something be done to them without resisting:
from Grammarly Blog


What is the X in X-mas?
ion propulsion
Rocketry. a projected type of propulsion for vehicles in outer space, the exhaust consisting of positive ions and negative electrons repelled from the vehicle by electrostatic forces, resulting in a very high exhaust velocity.
Also, ionic propulsion. Unabridged
Cite This Source
Examples from the web for ion propulsion
 - Install an ion propulsion engine and send it slowly to its destination.
Word of the Day
Difficulty index for ion propulsion
Few English speakers likely know this word
Word Value for ion
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CSIR Mathematics Question Paper with Answers June And December 2013.
Junior Research Fellowship & Lectureship: CSIR NET Mathematics 2013 question paper with answers CSIR NET Mathematics June 2013 Question with solution you can download it in FREE, if CSIR NET Mathematics 2013 paper in text or pdf for CSIR NET Mathematics 2013 Answer Keys you can download CSIR NET Mathematics 2013 page also just Go to menu bar, Click on File->then Save.
CSIR NET Mathematics 2013 Question paper Free Download PDF is available in _URL_ which has been provided by many students this CSIR NET Mathematical Sciences December 2013 paper is available for all the students in FREE and also CSIR NET Mathematics question paper 2013 fully solved CSIR NET Mathematics with answer keys and solution.
CSIR Mathematics Question Paper with Answers June And December 2013
You can get daily updates on CSIR NET Mathematics 2013 from _URL_ here you can also check similar links for other related study materials on CSIR NET Mathematics Here Junior Research Fellowship & Lectureship: CSIR NET Mathematical Sciences question bank 2013 is also available in English and Hindi Language.
L A stream of ants go from point A to point 13 and return to A along the same path. All the ants move at a constant speed and from any given point 2 ants pass per second one way. It takes 1 minute for an ant to go from A to B. How many returning ants will an ant meet in its journey from A to B?
1. 120 2. 60
3. 240 4. 180
A large tank filled with water is to be emptied by removing half of the water present in it everyday. After how many days will there be closest to 10% water left in the tank?
1. One 2. Two
3. Three 4. Four
A lucky man finds pots of gold coins. He counts the coins in the first four pots to be 60, 30, 20 and 15, respectively. If there is a definite progression, what would be the numbers of coins in the next two pots?
1. 10 and 5 2. 4 and 2
3. 12 and 15 4. 12 and 10
A 16.2 m long wooden log has a uniform diameter of 2 m. To what length the log should be cut to obtain a piece of 22 m3 volume?
1. 3.5m 2. 7.Om
3. 14.Om 4. 22.Om
The distance between two oil rigs is 6km. What will be the distance between these rigs in maps of 1:50000 and 1:5000 scales, respectively?
1. 12 cm and 1.2 cm
2. 2 cm and 12cm
3. 12O-cm-and-12 cm__
A bird perched at the top of a 12 m high tree sees a centipede moving towards the base of the tree from a distance equal to twice the height of the tree. The bird flies along a straight line to catch the centipede. If both move at the same speed, at what distance from the base of the tree will the centipede be picked up by the bird?
1. 16m 2. 9m
3. 12m 4. 14m


Kitchen learning tower vs step stool
Meet your new best friend; the toddler learning tower.
Hold on a second. Do you mean this weird step stool looking piece of furniture with hand-rails?
Yup, that's the one!
Do I still need that "learning stool" if I already have a good ol' step-stool lying around the house?
Well, that's going to depend on how much time you have on your hands to keep making sure your kid is staying safe up on a stool for extended periods of time.
At our house there isn't too much time to spare at meal time, so we need accessories that keep our kids busy AND safe. The kitchen learning tower does just that, and more!
Learning tower in the kitchen
What is a toddler learning tower?
A kitchen helper tower (or learning tower) is nothing more than a step stool with a guard rail around the top step to keep you little one safe.
Over time, the learning stool has evolved. Many models now come with additional accessories such as a chalkboard, whiteboard, an easel, paper and pencil holders and more.
The design also varies between the different brands. Learning towers also come in a variety of shapes and sizes. Some learning stools even fold flat or convert into a table and chair. They are awesome.
Learning tower in the kithcen (1)
What is the purpose of a learning tower?
A learning tower has two main purposes. It raises your toddler up to counter height and it keeps them contained in a safe area so they don't fall over.
When your child reaches a certain age, they will want to (or demand to) see everything you are doing. The reality is that parents spend a ton of time in the kitchen preparing meals and cleaning up after them so kids want to know what we are doing up there, and they also want to participate.
With a learning tower you can have your kids help with the dishes, meals, wash their own hands and even do arts and craft together while standing. There are so many activities that can be done together with a Montessori learning tower.
learning tower vs step stool
Can I use a step stool instead of a kitchen learning tower?
Yes you can use a step stool instead of a kitchen helper tower but you will likely have a hard time doing anything with your toddler on a step stool. At least I did.
The step stool only does one part of the job, it brings your little one to the counter. What it doesn't do is free you to do other things. If you want to have peace of mind and actually get dinner on the table without the screaming (or a falling child), you need a learning tower.
In Conclusion
Using a step stool to keep your child busy will not solve all your problems. A kitchen helper tower will certainly give your child the safety he needs. It also provides you, the parent, the peace of mind you are looking for.
There are countless ways to keep your child happy on a kitchen learning tower while they learn new skills and get to see everything you do to keep the house running. It's a win-win-win!


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Date of this Version
Juvenile thirteen-lined ground squirrels, Spermophilus tridecemlineatus, are less vigilant (i.e. they spend less time visually scanning the environment) than adults. To determine whether nutritional need was a potential cause of this difference, we supplemented two groups of free-ranging juveniles during the predispersal stage, while juveniles were still near and around the natal burrows. The high-energy food group (HEF: 11 squirrels) received peanut butter and oats while the low-energy food group (LEF: seven squirrels) received lettuce. Adults (14 squirrels) were also supplemented, but due to their greater home range sizes, it was not feasible to classify them as either HEF or LEF. To evaluate the effect of supplementation on antipredator vigilance, the behavioral act of visually scanning for predators, we videotaped individuals while they were foraging above ground during 5-min observation periods. Each squirrel was observed and weighed during three time periods over 23 days. From the videotape, we extracted measures of time spent vigilant, locomoting and foraging. All three categories of squirrels gained mass over the study period, but the HEF juveniles rapidly exceeded that of the LEF juveniles. Early in the study, LEF and HEF juveniles did not significantly differ in either body mass or time budgets, and, initially, both juvenile groups were similar to adults in the amount of time devoted to vigilance. Later in the study, the behavior of HEF juveniles closely resembled that of adults (increased time devoted to vigilance and decreased time devoted to foraging), while LEF juveniles decreased vigilance and increased their foraging time. This study indicates that for thirteen-lined ground squirrels the lower vigilance of juveniles is due, at least in part, to the greater nutritional needs of young animals with consequent increases in foraging, which is largely incompatible with vigilance.


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Optimize your LiDAR mission parameters before you fly.
Calculate your flight plan, review estimated LiDAR data quality, and upload a terrain-following KMZ directly to your UAV!
Explore the effects that different parameters have on your data before you fly. Estimate your data quality and reduce costs by experimenting with various flight paths, altitudes, and other variables using the Phoenix Flight Planner.
How does Phoenix Flight Planner Help Me?
LiDAR data is heavily affected by sensor, altitude, terrain, and more. Using the Flight Planner tool, Phoenix customers can save time and money by planning missions before going into the field.
- Calculate your flight plan based on your area of interest (AOI).
- Estimate your LiDAR swath and point density based on terrain, speed, and more.
- Anticipate MTA zones that may affect data quality, especially in uneven terrain.
- Upload a terrain-following KMZ directly to your UAV.


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Definition of phagocytes
plural of phagocyte 1
The word "phagocytes" uses 10 letters: A C E G H O P S T Y.
No direct anagrams for phagocytes found in this word list.
Words formed by adding one letter before or after phagocytes (in bold), or to aceghopsty in any order:
o - phagocytose
Words within phagocytes
not shown as it has more than seven letters.
List all words starting with phagocytes, words containing phagocytes or words ending with phagocytes
All words formed from phagocytes by changing one letter
Other words with the same letter pairs: ph ha ag go oc cy yt te es
Browse words starting with phagocytes by next letter
Previous word in list: phagocyte
Next word in list: phagocytic
Some random words: eluant


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U.S. Trust Enhances Systems with 'Magic.' (Computerized Application Development Software) (Management Strategies)
Article excerpt
WILL THE FUTURE of applications development look like magic?
Executives at U.S. Trust Corp. in New York City would have to say yes.
The bank, with $227 billion in assets under administration, specializes in money management, private banking, and securities services. Whe faced with the task of developing a mutual fund accounting system, it decided to experiment with a new application development tool called Magic Software.
"Mutual fund accounting is a highly specialized, exacting business," said Bernard Edelstein, a senior vice president and director of computer services at U.S Trust. "We were faced with a situation where we needed to create our own system because typical porftolio systems lacke rigorous accounting components and simply didn't fit our needs."
Using Magic's design tools, the mutual fund accounting system was up and running within six months. The service, marketed under the name MultiFact, currently handles processing chores for more than 200 different funds.
Since the mutual fund accounting system was launched three years ago, U.S. Trust has sold services based on the new system through its Boston-based subsidiary, Mutual Funds Services Co.
U.S. Trust is one of the first American banks to take advantage of the Magic design tools, which were developed by Magic Software Enterprises, an Israeli firm with U.S. offices in Irvine, Calif.
In addition to U.S. Trust, a range of international organizations, including the Bank of Tokyo and the French government, are using systems based on Magic development methods.
Mr. Edelstein estimated that if the bank had used traditional programming languages, it would have taken more than two years to achieve similar results.
Proprietary systems development particularly at an institution of this size, can be tricky. Most programmers used third-generation languages, namely Cobol or "C," or fourth-generation languages such as Progress or Oracle.
Whatever the method, writing code is a tedious and time-consuming task. Creating or re-writing applications using traditional systems development tools often takes years.
U.S. Trust developers were able to work so quickly because Magic's method is codeless, meaning they were freed from actually writing the hundreds of thousands of lines of code necessary to complete the application.
Magic is also relational, so that once a change is made to one part of the application, the entire system is updated, again saving time that used to go into writing code.
"The problem with many custom development projects is that by the time the technology is up and running, it's sometimes behind the curve," said Mr. Edelstein. "We couldn't wait that long for a new system because we saw an opportunity to sell fund accounting services, which are a necessary complement to our existing lines of business."
One of the key challenges facing U.S. Trust developers was creating an accounting system that was expandable.
"This business is dynamic, with new types of instruments entering the market all the time," said Mr. Edelstein. "We needed a system that could grow as we grew our business."
In addition, the system had to be able to tie into a variety of on-line services, from trust accounting and securities processing components to porfolio management and pricing services.
Because Magic automates most common data base operations, including file processing and screen preparation, U.S. Trust developers were able to focus on strategic issues, application functionality, and end-user requirements. …


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Mine Water Remediation Services
The mining process can create vast volumes of waste water and increasingly stakeholders are becoming more vocal about how that impacts the quality of surrounding surface water and groundwater. Although mining accounts for only 4% of the water use in Canada it does still represent a significant environmental concern.
The NOAH system has been developed to address these concerns using an effective, low cost, low energy, environmentallyfriendly method that can not only meets the environmental criteria for discharge but the water is often of a better quality than the background water.
Water Use at Mine Sites
The amount of water used at a mine depends on its size, the minerals being extracted, and the extraction process used. Water is used and stored on mine sites for mining operations, for mineral processing and metal recovery, controlling dust, and meeting the needs of workers on site. Metal mines that chemically process ore to concentrate metals such as copper and gold use much more water than other mines.
Each use of water requires a different treatment method for re-use and/or disposal. We have designed NOAH systems to address concerns at each phase of the operation. Our systems can remediate the most toxic of water problems to make the water available for reuse, as well as reduce the mineral content of tailing's pond water for discharge. In addition we can provide drinking water and sewage systems for the on-site workers.
Uses for Treated Water
We don't just purify water, NOAH leaves water with a healthy mineralization, pH balanced and highly oxygenated which makes it very effective for:
Because of its natural demineralization the water isn't just clean it is healthier than most natural water systems.
Copyright © 2010-2015 NOAH Water Technologies Inc., All Rights Reserved


Embedding an Infogram
Infogram is an app that creates beautiful charts and infographics - a great way to share data with your clients. And with our Embed block, you'll be able to display your Infograms in your Qwilr Pages.
Adding an Embed Block
Step 1. Choose Embed from the new block menu in your page.
Step 2. Select Infogram from the list of available options.
Step 3. You'll see this form. Time to head to Infogram to get your project URL.
Finding the Infogram URL
Step 4. Open the Infogram you'd like to embed. In the top right corner, click Share.
Step 5. Choose Public on the web and copy the link at the bottom of the box.
Step 6. Back in your Qwilr Page, paste the link into the box and click See It.
That's it, you're done! Your Infogram will now display in your Qwilr Page.


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Going to visit another country is always a great cultural experience, especially one with a culture as rich as Japan. The history, the cuisine, the fashion, whatever it is that you like, there is something to love for everyone in Japan. But to make a trip even more special there are a few very cultural experiences you can have in Japan that are really memorable. By seeing certain aspects of a culture you can learn more about the history and traditions of that place. Here are two things you can try in Japan for a real cultural experience.
Sumo is a traditional style of wrestling which originated in Japan. The basic idea is that one wrestler attempts to force the other outside of the circular ring they stand within. A wrestler can also win by forcing the other to touch the ground with anything by the soles of their feet. Sumo has been going for many centuries in Japan so it is a true aspect of Japanese culture and history. Ancient traditions have been preserved within sumo, such as using salt to purify the ring before a match. This tradition comes from Shinto practices of purification. Being a sumo wrestler is not an easy feat, many people train from a very young age. Sumo wrestlers often live in communal 'stables' where they follow a regimented training schedule of eating, sleeping and training. Wrestling played a part in the life of the Imperial court, where wrestlers would travel from all around to fight for the lords and emperor. As a form of entertainment, Sumo was founded as far back as the Edo period, with tournaments beginning in 1684. Sumo tournaments bring big crowds and are heavily followed in the Japanese media. Six Grand tournaments are held each year, three in Tokyo and three in Osaka. As there are no weight classes like in Western wrestling any wrestler can be matched. This means gaining weight is central to being successful. If you want to see a big sumo match it is really an engaging experience. The atmosphere is brilliant and the experience is truly one of a kind. You can purchase tickets through official vendors online or at convenience stores.
Noh is a very traditional form of theater that originated in the 14th century. Noh, and it's partner play kyogen, are listen as Intangible Cultural Heritage by UNESCO. The popularity of Noh plays is often said to be due to Zeami, who was eventually banished to Sado Island. However in his wake four bands of Noh performers were established. These groups or troupes were sponsored by shrines or temples and they still survive to this day. Noh was named as the official ceremonial art of the Shogun during the Tokugawa period. This caused Noh performances to become standardised where tradition was important. A Noh play involves song, dance and music. The performers wear intricate costumes from periods of the past. Plays can sound rather monotonous and the movements of the performers are slow. The orchestra sits behind the Noh stage and can be seen performing along with the actors. The stories portrayed in Noh plays are usually drawn from Japanese legends, history and literature. Originally Noh stages were built outdoors, so the stage always had a roof over the performers.
Noh is performed by men only. One of the most recognisable aspects of Noh are the masks worn by the performers. Masks are used to portray certain characters, such as demons, women or spirits. They can also be used to change the age of the character. Noh masks are often carved from a single piece, so a lot of skill is used in producing them. Watching a Noh performance is an incredibly cultural experience and can show a lot about Japan's history. If you want to witness a play there are big venues in Tokyo, Nagoya and Osaka.
By witnessing a sumo match or Noh play you can learn a lot more about Japan, its history and people. Don't be worried about the language barrier if you do not speak Japanese, you can still be entertained and enjoy your time.


text: Observation TowerStanding in the open mountain pass of Dukla on the Slovak-Polish borders you can see an observatory tower offering a spectacular view of the Slovak and Polish land – the background scenery of the fights during the Karpathian-Dukla operation. The Tower was opened up for public in 1974 on the 30th anniversary of the Battle of Dukla pass. It is 49 m high and was built on the site of an original wooden observatory tower from 1959 nearby a temporary observatory site of the commander of the 1.Czechoslovakian army corps. The tower interior is well-decorated with some art pieces of the sculptor A. Raček: "Vítanie osloboditeľov – Welcome of the liberators ", a figure composition "Spoločný boj – Common fight" of the academic sculpture J. Koreň. The tower exterior is decorated with " Lime tree branch" being a symbol of a Slavonian solidarity created by an academic sculptor F. Patočka. Inside the observatory tower we can find: "A plan of an attack of the Red Army through Karpathy mountains to help directly SNU" and "An actual map in the space of the Dukla pass from September 30 up to November 5th 1944".

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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C Richard Miles
C Richard Miles Poems
Zoo Fruit Feeding Time
At the zoo's fruit feeding time:
An ape ate a grape,.
A porcupine ate a lime,
A skate ate a date,
A ferret ate a cherry,
A baboon ate a prune,
A bear ate a pear,
An opossum ate a plum,
A wolverine ate a tangerine.
An armadillo ate a tamarillo,
A bunny rabbit ate a pomegranate,
A gorilla ate vanilla,
A pig ate a fig,
A newt ate a grapefruit,
A lynx ate quince,
A wombat ate a kumquat,
A macaw ate a pawpaw,
An eland ate a lemon,
A llama ate a guava,
An elephant ate a melon,
A tamarin ate a mandarin,...
Coruscating through the ethereal, pastel blue,
A more electric, sapphire-glinting hue,
That picador in rich bejewelled cloak,
Befeathered huntsman of the crystal brook,
Begins his pinioned, death-defying dive
To feast on sporting minnows, lithe and blithe,
As jocundly, amongst the rock and weed
They revel, chase and taste and dance and feed.
The kingfisher, inspiring awe and fear


Is Alfalfa Hay Good For Guinea Pigs? [Should We Feed It?]
If you have discovered Alfalfa Hay then you may be wondering if it is safe, healthy and even a preferable food source for your Guinea Pig. Its packed full of vitamins and minerals, and Hay of course should make up the majority of a Guinea Pigs diet. But should we feed it? I decided to conduct some research into the topic and here is what I have been able to find.
So, is Alfalfa Hay good for Guinea Pigs? It is generally safe and healthy to feed a Guinea Pig Alfalfa Hay. It is a great way to support and improve their nutrition. It provides a lot of calcium, vitamins, minerals, protein and fibers that support their digestion and support their dental health. However, it is advised to feed Alfalfa infrequently and/or in smaller quantities and it should not make up the majority of a Guinea Pigs diet. This is because overfeeding it will supply too much nutrition and can cause obesity and weight management problems.
Alfalfa Hay is therefore most suitable and beneficial to a young growing Guinea Pig or during particular phases whereby extra nutrition is required – like to a female during pregnancy.
Let us now take a closer look at Alfalfa Hay. Specifically, what it is and its nutritional content.
We will then take a look at the health benefits and any risks of feeding this as a major component of your Guinea Pigs diet.
What Is Alfalfa Hay?
Alfalfa Hay is a specific type of grass. It is actually part of the legume and pea family and is native to warmer temperate climates. Sometimes you may see it called "Lucerne" , particularly if you live in the United Kingdom, South Africa, Australia, or New Zealand.
Alfalfa is recognized as a premium food source because it provides the most nutrients when compared alongside other hay sources.
It is particularly high in energy and as such is used for a variety of animals including horses, dairy cows, beef cattle and sheep.
With its high energy and nutritional quality, Alfalfa Hay is predominately used for growing animals, breeding animals, and those that are underweight and struggling to consume enough nutrition. A prime example of this is following illness, injury or infection.
Alfalfa in particular is high in energy whilst also being more palatable than grass hays. As such, you can soon see why it can be problematic when given to your Guinea Pigs in excess.
Alfalfa Hay Nutrition
Alfalfa Hay consists of around 63% water, 30% carbohydrates (as fiber), 4% protein, and around 1% fat.
It is abundant in plant proteins, chlorophyll, carotene, calcium, and other trace minerals. It is also provides a lot of the B Vitamins, along with Vitamin C, D, E, and K. It also contains Phosphorous and Zinc.
As you will likely know already, Guinea Pigs require a lot of hay and experts recommend that they should consume as much as 80% of their diet from this food source.
While Alfalfa Hay seems like an appropriate solution to fill this requirement, consider that it can actually be too calorie dense and contain too much fiber for them.
Alfalfa hay should therefore be limited and used within specific contexts.
Instead, the most popular, recommended and safe hay for regular feeding is Timothy Hay (I actually get my supply in bulk for a great price on Amazon).
This is better suited to a Guinea Pigs needs and will allow them to eat ab libitum (as much as they want and require) without posing any risks to their health.
As it is generally less palatable, your Guinea Pig will also not overeat.
Your Guinea Pigs diet is paramount to their health and preventing illness; how you feed them will ultimately be reflected in their happiness and well-being.
Health Benefits of Alfalfa Hay (Fed To Guinea Pigs In Moderation)
Traditionally, Alfalfa Hay is used to feed working Horses. This is because of their huge requirement for energy and vitamins/minerals like Calcium which ensure they remain strong and powerful.
For a normal, healthy Guinea Pig, if you over supply Alfalfa Hay they can run into a range of negative side effects and symptoms.
This can include but is not limited to weight gain, intestinal issues like colon obstruction and bloat. (source)
With that being said, Alfalfa Hay can be a great addition to your Guinea Pigs diet. You just need to ensure that you provide it in measured and limited quantities.
There are also some other cases whereby you can increase the amount fed or it is even preferably to regular Timothy Hay.
It is particularly effective if your Guinea Pig has lost a substantial amount of weight (like following illness), or if it is being fussy and refusing to eat.
Other great contexts include a young baby Guinea Pig that is growing or for a female during pregnancy (when they require more energy and access to nutrients).
Alfalfa does contain benefits when fed appropriately to your Guinea Pig. Due to its high fiber quantity, when an appropriate amount is provided it can support their digestive system and help them to extract nutrients from the rest of their diet.
Additionally, Alfalfa is great at regulating and preventing a Guinea Pigs teeth from growing out too long and large.
Chewing it gently grinds away at their teeth and ensures they are reduced. As a Guinea Pigs teeth continuously grow throughout their life, if this is left unchecked it can become painful and dangerous for them when they eat.
Another way you can use Alfalfa is as bedding. Its naturally very soft and Guinea Pigs are known to enjoy it in this context.
However, again do not use this type of hay exclusively for bedding. You do not want to your Guinea Pig to have the opportunity to, or too much access to eating it.
The best way to feed Alfalfa hay is to add small amounts to their feed. Start once per week and then work your way up over time. It is always preferable to start with very small amounts and see how your Guinea Pig responds.
Viking Farmer is the Alfalfa Hay brand (available on Amazon) that I was recommended by my vet for my Guinea Pigs. If you are looking to get some, this is the one I recommend.
Risks Of Too Much Alfalfa Hay
As this article has stated, Alfalfa Hay is nutrient and energy abundant.
The clear risk therefore with overfeeding Alfalfa Hay to your Guinea Pig is over-nutrition which will lead to obesity and weight management issues. For a Guinea Pig this weight can be hard to reduce, and it also adds stress to their small and delicate frame.
Another aspect to be concerned with is the high calcium content. Guinea Pigs have a low Calcium requirement and they are prone to bladder stones which can form with Calcium excess.
They struggle to excrete calcium and if it persists for too long and remains unopposed, issues with their digestive system.
With these risks in mind, it is important that you limit Alfalfa Hay consumption. More is not better for them and in fact the opposite is true. A little goes a long way.
In Summary
Alfalfa Hay can be a great, wholesome addition to your Guinea Pigs diet. It should never replace Timothy Hay nor should it ever be overfed.
In unique circumstances, it can prove to be particularly effective and an ideal feed. Ill, Baby and Pregnant Guinea Pigs are perhaps the most appropriate.
Even then, you should monitor how much and when it is provided, and be sure to reduce consumption when the Guinea Pig returns to a more stable state.
Ultimately, with Guinea Pigs, food is fundamentally important. It is imperative that you look after the health of your Guinea Pig by feeding them correctly and appropriately.
Good quality Timothy hay is an absolute must.
This is why I shop for my hay from Amazon, a trustworthy suppler where I purchase in bulk at a discount.


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Intro to Survival Skills:
you know what to do in an emergency situation? Where can you find water? Is it safe to drink? How can you create a shelter? Signal for help? Using a compass, and methods of starting a fire. Find wild edibles to eat, and how to prepare them. Cost is $5 NNC members, $10 for non-members This will include time inside and outside on the grounds.
Navarino Nature Center
W5646 Lindsten Rd, Shiocton, WI 54107


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A categorical independent variable is called a factor. The categories are called the levels of the factor.
Replications are experiment observations made under the same conditions, that is, under the same combination of factor levels.
An experimental design is said to be balanced if each combination of factor levels is replicated the same number of times.
For the main effect of a factor, the degrees of freedom is the number of levels of the factor minus 1. To understand this intuitively, note that if there are I levels, there are I - 1 comparisons between the levels.
For an interaction between factors, the degrees of freedom is the product of the degrees of freedom for the corresponding main effects. To understand this intuitively, note that if there are two factors, with I levels of the first factor and J levels of the second factor, there are I - 1 comparisons of the levels of the first factor at each of the J - 1 comparisons of the levels of the second factor.
For error, think of the error mean square as a pooled s2. If there were 2 replications at each combination of the 2 factors, you would have s2 on 2-1 degrees of freedom at each combination. Hence, pooling over all factor combinations,
error df = (2-1)*(number of combinations).
If there were 3 replications
error df = (3-1)*(number of combinations).
Then you should find that all the degrees of freedom add up to the total which is the total number of observations minus 1.
Consider a balanced 2-factor design. Suppose there are I levels of the first factor and J levels of the second factor, and K replications at each of the IJ combinations of the two factors. Then there are IJK observations and
(IJK - 1) = (I - 1) + (J - 1) + (I -1)(J - 1) + IJ(K - 1)
is the breakdown of the total degrees of freedom into: main effect of the first factor, main effect of the second factor, interaction between the two factors, and error.
For example, suppose you have Factor A at 4 levels, Factor B at 3 levels, and 3 replications of every combination of Factor A and Factor B. Then I = 4, J = 3, K = 3 and there are 36 observations. The SV and DF columns of the ANOVA will be:
SV DF Factor A 3 Factor B 2 Interaction AxB 6 Error 24 Total 35


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Actions in Analysis Services 2005: The URL Action - Page 3
December 11, 2006
Inspect the Operation of the URL Action within the Cube Browser
Once the deployment of the project has been accomplished, we can fully leverage the Browser that the Cube Designer makes available to us. We will do so by taking the following steps:
1. Click the Browser tab to initialize the Browser for the Designer, as depicted in Illustration 5.
2. Once the Browser loads, click the Reconnect button, as shown in Illustration 6.
Lets perform a Browse scenario to ascertain that our URL Action functions as expected. The Analysis Services Browser is an extremely convenient place to accomplish this and other examinations. (More in-depth details about use of the Browser, a formidable tool within itself, are developed within other articles of this series, in sections where the objectives, typically within verification procedures, are to examine or analyze values, and other details, within the cube.)
3. Within the cube tree appearing inside the Metadata pane, expand Measures.
4. Expand the Reseller Sales folder, as depicted in Illustration 7.
5. Drag the Reseller Sales Amount measure, followed by the Reseller Order Quantity measure, to the area of the Browser canvas marked Drop Totals or Detail Fields Here, as shown in Illustration 8.
6. Once again inside the Metadata pane, expand the Product folder.
7. Right-click the Product Categories hierarchy that appears in the expanding tree.
8. Select Add to Row Area from the context menu that appears, as depicted in Illustration 9.
9. Expand the Date folder in the Metadata pane,
10. Expand the Calendar folder that appears.
11. Expand the Date.Calendar hierarchy that appears within the expanded Calendar folder.
12. Right-click the Calendar Quarter level that appears.
13. Select Add to Column Area from the context menu that appears, as shown in Illustration 10.
The available Calendar Quarters appear within the browsers column axis.


Presentation Details
Abstract Details (PID = P123)
Title:Prospecting for Mineral Ore (P123)
Description:How do geologists look for mineral ore? In this activity from EDC Earth Science, participants search for a layer of rock containing a valuable mineral called molybdenum by testing sediments collected in strategic spots along river systems - gathering data to decide where the deposit is located. This is no "cookie mining" activity!
Subject:NGSS Resources
Intended Audience:HS Earth & Space
Aligned with NGSS:Yes
Primary Presenter Detail
Presenter - 1 / Title:Darin Christianson, Curriculum Specialist
Co-Presenter(s) Detail
Presenter - 2 / Title:
Presenter - 3 / Title:
Presenter - 4 / Title:
Presenter - 5 / Title:
Schedule Details
Time:10:30 AM
Length:50 min
Room Setup:Classrm - Flat / 40 people


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Parenteral penicillin for children with meningococcal disease before hospital admission: Case-control study
Harnden A., Ninis N., Thompson M., Perera R., Levin M., Mant D., Mayon-White R.
Objective: To explore the impact on mortality and morbidity of parenteral penicillin given to children before admission to hospital with suspected meningococcal disease. Design: Retrospective comparison of fatal and non-fatal cases. Setting: England, Wales, and Northern Ireland; December 1997 to February 1999. Participants: 158 children aged 0-16 years (26 died, 132 survived) in whom a general practitioner had made the diagnosis of meningococcal disease before hospital admission. Results: Administration of parenteral penicillin by general practitioners was associated with increased odds ratios for death (7.4,95% confidence interval 1.5 to 37.7) and complications in survivors (5.0, 1.7 to 15.0). Children who received penicillin had more severe disease on admission (median Glasgow meningococcal septicaemia prognostic score (GMSPS) 6.5 v 4.0, P = 0.002). Severity on admission did not differ significantly with time taken to reach hospital. Conclusions: Children who were given parenteral penicillin by a general practitioner had more severe disease on reaching hospital than those who were not given penicillin before admission. The association with poor outcome may be because children who are more severely ill are being given penicillin before admission.


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There are three main components which produce noise in your PC. So you need to understand which of these 3 responsible components to have a quiet PC. Lets check the three components responsible for a noisy PC and how to quieten them.
The three main components are fans, power supply and hard disk or optical drives. The fans are used by microprocessors and graphics card which is used to cool the chip-set, which gets heated up quickly because of the high amount of processes happening inside. The strategy is to find the component which is making noise, find out the reason, fix it if it can be done then and there or else replace it with a quieter version of the same component.
The more powerful a computer is, the more work a fan need to do in order to disperse all the heat generated inside the PC. One major reason for making so much noise is the presence of dust which may clog inside, thus interfering with the smooth rotation of fan leaves. Another reason is when the fans are mounted loose on its platform. If it is not mounted properly, this might cause the fan to vibrate which in turn can make the other connected parts to vibrate, creating unwanted noise. These issues can be fixed by cleaning the fan from dust, tighten the screw or pins that is used for mounting, use vibration reducing silicone mounts and dust filters.
In some PC's there is more number of fans in order to keep it cooler. The combined effort can make the functioning noisier. You can replace these fans with a quieter version. You can also use fan speed controllers which allows to adjust the fan speed based on the temperature generated inside.
When the fans perform vigorously to dissipate the heat, it is natural to create noise. The best way to prevent this is to provide proper ventilation to PC. The computer should not be clogged with presence of stuffs piled around PC, which interfere with the free flow of air. Also it will be good, if you have a cool room preferably an air-conditioned room which helps in keeping the temperature low.
Hard drives/Optical drives
Hard drives over the years have gone through lot of changes and one of the main features is reduced noise generation. To make it quieter, you can mount it inside an anti-vibration drive enclosure. Also you can use an SSD instead of hard disk. SSD drives don't have any moving parts as it use flash memory to store information. Though costlier than hard disks, they are very fast compared to hard disks.
Also if your hard disk is creating lot of noise, especially sort of click sound of metallic nature, then it might be an indication that it is going to fail very soon. Regular scan of hard disk using the inbuilt operating system tools can be helpful to fix these issues permanently, but mostly it is just temporary solution till the hard disk fails again. Be careful. Understand the symptoms, take backup and be ready to replace the hard disk.
Power Supply Unit (SMPS)
SMPS or the power supply unit is responsible for converting the AC to DC. This process generates heat. The fan attached to SMPS constantly works in order to dissipate heat, thus preventing the over heating of hardware involved in it. The main villain in make noise is the dust clogged in it. This can be prevented by cleaning the fan from dust. Also you can use noiseless sleeve bearing, rather than the traditional ball bearings. Also you can choose temperature regulated SMPS, which only kick start the fan when the heat is above limit.
The noise made by the PC sometimes gets amplified by the case. You can prevent it by providing sound proofed enclosures which are usually costlier than the normal ones. Sound dampening materials can also be applied to the inside of the case which also helps in a quiet PC. These materials are usually non flammable, so don't worry about getting it burned.
Printers are also another component which is responsible for creating noise while functioning. Like hard disks, with improved technological advancements printers now a day's don't make that much noise as they used to before. Some of the latest printers have a quiet mode which reduced the fan speed and reduce the rate at which printouts are taken. You can find it under printer properties. Put a piece of carpet or towel under your printer to reduce the sound caused by the vibration on the desk. If you are using a wireless printer, keep it away from the desk within the wireless range to reduce noise.
Hope these instruction will help you in having a quiet PC.


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Although the examples here are configured for specific data models and architecture, in principle, the flexibility of axpand system allows it to be configured for any data model or infrastructure.To make automation as effective as possible, automation components must be part of a recurring set of process steps which maintain the manual changes to map data and allow intervention at any step of the process chain.This can be done without waiting for the entire data set to be updated.
Illustration 2a shows data after the first import from the DLM data. An example of how an initial generalization takes place is as follows: A DLM road object is delivered from the primary data base to the automation component.
Objects that are manually changed are automatically stored as DCM objects and also maintain a relationship to the source object.
The system maintains a history of all the changes the object ungoes over time so that objects that have been manually edited are considered during recurring automatic updating.
In order to meet the need for ever-increasing recurring, efficient and short updating cycles, Axes Systems' cartography system have been integrated into several map production process scenarios.
Using case studies from the field, this article describes some of the ways that the axpand is currently being used for automatic map production.


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Study finds farmers have done their bit to protect rare birds
Ecologists say farmers can bring back endangered bird species, when they protect remnant bush.
Professor David Lindenmeyer, of the Australian National University, has just published findings from a large 10-year field study.
He found that government stewardship payments have helped pay for farmers in eastern Australia to restore woodland biodiversity, and habitat for birds.
"(Species like) the flame robin, red capped robin, hooded robin, black chinned honeyeater, rufous whistler," he said.
"There's no doubt there's a risk of extinction for those species, but restoration activities on farms, and restoration activities, in particular regrowth, are very important for those species and many others."
The findings have just been published in the Public Library of Science, called PLoS ONE.
The Federal Government's stewardship payment was established as a pilot for to protect the south eastern grassy box woodlands. It was stopped in 2011, and it's believed the government will replace it with the Biodiversity Fund.


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International Human Solidarity Day is observed globally on 20 December every year to mark unity in diversity and to raise awareness about the importance of solidarity. The United Nations had announced to celebrate this day on 22 December 2005 to explain the importance of unity in diversity.
The World Solidarity Fund was established by resolution 57/265 by the United Nations General Assembly on 20 December 2002, which was established in February 2003 as a trust fund for the United Nations Development Programme. Human unity was recognized as a fundamental and universal right of solidarity by the United Nations General Assembly on 22 December 2005 by resolution 60/209. And it was decided to celebrate International Human Unity Day on 20th December every year.
Significance, and Importance
- To show unity in diversity
- To remind the various governments of the agreements reached at the international level
- To convey the importance of solidarity among people
- To inspire people, governments for sustainable development
- To find new ways to eradicate poverty
- To lift people out of poverty, hunger, diseases
The purpose of International Human Unity Day is to spread awareness among people about the importance of unity in diversity. Various countries of the world spread the message of peace, brotherhood, love, harmony, and unity among their people on this day. International Day of Human Solidarity is being celebrated across the world today. This day, giving a message of solidarity among global diversity is celebrated every year on 20 December. This day is special in many ways.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Is there a name for the curve in the plane defined by
$a/\|x - p\|^2 - b/\|x - q\|^2=\mathrm{constant}$
where $a$ and $b$ are fixed numbers and $p$ and $q$ are fixed points? How about if I don't square the denominators? How about if $a$ and $b$ are both $1$?
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
I cannot offer names for your functions, but I was interested to see what they look like. Here is the function with the denominators unsquared, i.e., just the distances $||p-a||$ and $||q-b||$:
 Contour Plot
You might look at power Voronoi diagrams, which have a similar flavor (for multiple sites $p$, $q$).
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Your Answer


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Cecil Ingold was one of the world's leading mycologists (scientists who study fungi)who was best known for his discovery of Ingoldian fungi and for his research into the physical mechanisms of spore dispersal.
Ingoldian fungi are an important and ubiquitous group of aquatic fungi that play a key role in aquatic ecosystems by processing dead vegetation and recycling nutrients.
His long-term botanical studies of aquatic fungi started in 1938. He analysed water samples he collected from a brook near his home in Cropston, Leicestershire. He firmly believed that botanists should collect and work with fresh material, gathered from the field.
He despised the traditional dependence on preserved or pickled specimens. He combined acute powers of observation, whether on forays or peering down a microscope, with…


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The Wet Collections
The museum's wet collections are of immense scientific and cultural value. In September 2010 they found a new home in the newly restored East Wing, where they are stored under optimised conditions. Why not come and take a look!
After 65 years, a large gap in the Natural History Museum building has been closed. The historic East Wing, destroyed at the end of the Second World War, has been rebuilt and now houses the museum's extensive wet collection, comprising around one million zoological objects – from spiders, fish and crustaceans to amphibians and mammals – in 276,000 vials, preserved in 81,880 litres of ethanol. The Museum für Naturkunde now probably sports the world's most advanced collection building for zoological wet collections. The storage conditions in this new facility meet all the latest standards in conservation and fire safety. Moreover, the high-tech collection building is not just reserved for the exclusive use of scientists and researchers studying biodiversity and evolutionary theory. Part of it has been opened up to the public and integrated into the permanent exhibition, allowing visitors a glimpse of this state-of-the-art scientific collection.
The Wet Collections: 'before and after' photographs
For decades the scientific wet collections were stored in the main museum building, out of sight from the public and under storage conditions that no longer lived up modern standards. The relocation of the wet collections was therefore a long-term project that finally came to fruition in September 2010.


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From the outside, a pressure-assist toilet may look like a traditional one but, they function rather differently. The ceramic tank has an air-filled pressure container fitted in it. While a standard toilet uses gravity to flush water through, a pressure-assist toilet uses compressed air. This results in water being forced into the toilet bowl at a much more powerful rate than gravity alone can achieve.
Pressure-assist toilets come with many advantages. For instance, the strong flushing capacity of this type of toilet results in fewer clogs in the system. Plus, it's water efficiency will save gallons of water each year making it much more eco-friendly.
Older homes also benefit from pressure-assisted toilets, this is because the powerful force of the flush helps to push waste through old pipework. Also, due to the tank's design, you will not see a buildup of condensation when the weather is humid. They are also easier to maintain than standard toilets.
Before you start replacing your toilets for pressure assist ones, there are a few things you should be aware of. For example, this type of toilet has a much louder flush than a gravity kind. They can also be more expensive than a standard toilet. You may also find that if your home has low water pressure, a pressure-assist toilet may not work as efficiently because they will need at least 20 to 30 PSI of pressure.


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Researchers at Newcastle University are using the latest technology to study the way pigs walk to help improve their welfare on farms across the UK.
Using video motion capture, a technique similar to that used in Hollywood blockbuster Avatar, the team analyses the pigs' gait to see if they can help prevent lameness in the animals.
As part of the study, the pigs were trained to walk along a runway by Mark Brett, Animal Technician at the University and former zookeeper now based at the University's Cockle Park Farm.
Once the pigs had learned to walk at the right speed, the team attached reflective markers at key points on their legs and used motion capture cameras to track their movements and identify parameters that can indicate a good pig.
The data is being used to analyse changes in the pigs' gait, focussing on the angle of the joints and length of stride.
Presenting the findings at the 22nd International Pig Veterinary Society Congress in Korea, Sophia Stavrakakis, who carried out the research as part of her PhD, said that for a pig, a great set of legs isn't just about looking good.
"Lameness among livestock is a major problem for farmers," says Sophia, whose project brings together experts in pig science and bioengineering at Newcastle University.
"Female breeding pigs are particularly prone to leg problems and this makes it costly for farmers when an animal becomes lame because of the time and money invested in the breeding stock.
"Using biomechanical motion capture we are able to measure the animals' gait – tracking a number of animals to find the right angulation and locomotion.
"Through this we hope to be able to develop a farmer-friendly system that will allow them to identify those pigs with better legs, a trait that can be passed on to subsequent generations."
Lameness is a key welfare indicator in all livestock and the second most common reason for sows having to leave the breeding herd.
Unfortunately, if the animal fails to respond to treatment, the problem results in the animal having to be euthanised.
Although the current work uses sophisticated equipment and capture techniques, Sophia, 27, said the aim is to adapt the system for use on farms to improve pig welfare.
"The work is still in its early stages but the aim is to use our research to make a real difference to both pig farmers and their animals," explains Sophia, who carried out her first degree in Veterinary Medicine at the University of Thessaly in Greece.
"Using CCTV style cameras placed strategically on the farm so that every pig walks past and is captured on camera would be a simple, non-invasive way of collating key data about each pig and identifying those animals which are least likely to suffer problems in the future."
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Forests - Europe
The Last Ancient Forests of Europe combine Europe's few remaining tracts of ancient forest in Scandinavia with the adjoining forest of European Russia (from the western flanks of the Ural mountains). These boreal forests represent Europe's last remaining intact ancient forest.
A reindeer in the Lappi reinder herding co-operative in Finland.
These forests have ensured the survival of numerous plant and animal species, including bears, flying squirrels and the highly endangered eagle owl.
These ancient boreal forests are also home to tens of thousands of indigenous peoples.
Living forests form a central part of Saami culture. Old growth forests are of crucial importance for reindeer herding and should not be logged for pulp mills under any circumstances. In the Saami culture we have been taught to respect forests ever since our childhood.
Pekka Aikio, President of the Saami Parliament, Finland.
The reindeer-herding Saami live in northern parts of Sweden, Finland and Norway as well as the Murmansk region of Russia.
The forests also support the traditional cultures of the Komi and Nenets (or Samoyeds) who inhabit the Arkhangelsk Region and Komi Republic of European Russia.


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U.S. Energy Information Administration - EIA - Independent Statistics and Analysis
Country Analysis Note
- Panama is not a large producer or consumer of energy, but merits attention as an energy transit point due to its control over the Panama Canal and Trans-Panama Pipeline.
- Refined petroleum products, all of which are imported, account for over 80 percent of Panama's energy consumption. The United States is the leading source of Panama's oil imports.
- Hydroelectric power accounted for almost 60 percent of Panama's electricity generation in 2010, with most of the remainder attributable to oil-fired thermoelectric plants. Panama is involved in two initiatives to integrate regional electricity grids: SIEPAC, which is an ambitious project to connect the transmission networks of six Central American countries, and a separate bilateral effort to build a power line that would link Panama with Colombia.
- The Panama Canal is an important trade route connecting the Pacific Ocean with the Caribbean Sea and Atlantic Ocean, but its relevance to the global oil trade has diminished because of changing trade patterns and the fact that many modern tankers are too large to travel through it. According to the Panama Canal Authority, 755,000 bbl/d of crude and petroleum products were transported through the canal in Fiscal Year 2011, of which 637,000 barrels per day (bbl/d) were refined products, and the rest crude oil. In order to make the canal more accessible to larger tankers, the Panama Canal Authority began an expansion program that it expects to complete by the end of 2014.
- The Trans-Panama Pipeline (TPP) or Transisthmian Pipeline, which is situated near the Costa Rican border, is another oil transit route that reduces transportation times and costs between the Atlantic and Pacific basins. It was originally constructed to facilitate crude oil shipments from Alaska to refineries on the U.S. Gulf Coast, but was recently reversed to carry crude oil from the Caribbean coast to the Pacific. An analysis of tanker data suggests that 100,000-150,000 bbl/d of crude oil, most of which is of Colombian and Angolan origin, currently flows through the pipeline.
Analysis Last Updated: February 2013
Overview data for Panama+ EXPAND ALL
-- = Not applicable; NA = Not available; F = Forecast value
Sources: EIA. For more detailed data, see International Energy Statistics.
Data last updated: February 12, 2013
Other briefs related to Panama
Related International Information
International Energy Outlook yearly energy projections through 2035
Short Term Energy Outlook monthly energy projections through 2014
Annual Energy Outlook yearly US energy projections through 2040Sign Up for Email Updates


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How To Use king penguin In A Sentence
- Oh, and the wandering albatross, king penguins, hundreds of pelagic birds, sea lions, and icebergs will be there, too.
- On a recent day, the squawking penguins were busily finding partners, preparing nests and waddling about the mating grounds.
- And even Rushdie's publisher, Viking Penguin, was forced to temporarily close its New York City office to improve security.
- King penguins are expected to be driven into extinction in a matter of decades because of the impacts of global warming, a study has found. Times, Sunday Times
- As it rocks from side to side, a walking penguin may look clumsy, but its movements are actually quite efficient.
- I have evidence that Viking Penguin publishers is deliberately removing my name from books on the Beat generation and Jack Kerouac," said Nicosia, 57, who lives in Corte Madera with his wife and two children. Windmills
- Juvenile king penguins preen on the shore.
- Will kill birds as large as king penguins and fight over seal carcasses. Times, Sunday Times


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Axel Kornerup Hansen (Chairman of the board)
Axel Kornerup Hansen is a veterinarian with a doctorate in veterinary science and a Professor of laboratory animal science and welfare at the University of Copenhagen. He conducts research in the areas of reduction and refinement – primarily in rodents.
Axel's vision for the 3R field is to ensure real improvements in the welfare of animals used for research and development and to optimise the scientific results achieved from the individual animal, thus reducing the number of animals needed in each experiment.
Axel interacts well with the research community and can therefore help initiate 3R activities at research laboratories. He can also contribute to convincing researchers that using fewer animals and optimising research methods are in their own best interests.
Axel believes that the purpose of the 3R-Center's work is to launch more 3R projects, for several reasons. For instance, refinement projects will enhance animal welfare which makes being a laboratory animal a bit more fun and also make scientists happier as they will subject their animals to less distress. Reduction projects that increase the efficacy of animal testing and thus also increase the utilisation rate of the laboratory animals and replacement projects that can result in animal-free testing are also positive aspects for the researchers.
Axel Kornerup Hansen
Chairman of the board in the Danish 3R-Center Axel Kornerup Hansen
Search 3rcenter.dk


Makea World Organisation is a not-for-profit organisation based in Cologne, Germany, that works to improve the lives of many less-fortunate people in Africa, intervening in areas such as healthcare, education, environment protection and youth development, while also educating people, especially Africans in the diaspora, about African history and culture.
Our vision is to become a global voice for many voiceless in Africa.
Makea World Organisation exists to act as a platform that will continually raise awareness among Africans in the diaspora and European communities about the living conditions of many in Africa who lack access to basic necessities, and mobilise resources to impact the lives of those less fortunate, thereby significantly contributing to poverty alleviation in Africa.
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Through our various interventions, we have impacted the lives of more than 50,000 people in seven countries in Africa.
We provided relief to more than 13,000 people affected by the 1994 genocide in Rwanda.
Makea World provided much needed relief to over 20,000 people affected by the Ebola epidemic in Guinea.
Mobilised funding for the preservation of the Goree Island in Senegal.
Initiated youth development programmes in Ghana.
Provided a school, school supplies and medical equipment to organisations in Cameroon
Initiated youth development projects in Kenya.
Learn more about our projects
Why Africa?
Despite much progress achieved in the last two decades, the face of global poverty remains predominantly African…Let's change that!


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Howard Goodall's Story of Music
Don't miss the first episode of Howard Goodall's landmark series
Howard Goodall presents a personal view of the history of music, from the beginning of human existence to the present day.
In the first episode of a six-part series Goodall explores mankind's earliest steps in music-making, suggesting that it is an integral part of human existence.
Archeological evidence shows that music could have been as much a part of everyday life in the Upper Paleolithic Age as it is today.
The episode goes on to look at Gregorian Chant and developments in medieval music that provided a foundation for the rules of harmony and notation that we still use today. Find out more on the BBC website.


Zenu Triangles Bracelet
Geometric decoration consisting of lines, circles, triangles and spirals were found in deep tombs of important dignitaries. In a society which sought to trascend to other levels of conscience through shamanism, the light effects and the sensation of movement as they rotated this patterns, must have induced to special mental states during ceremonies and rituals.
This astonshing bracelet was made from the Zenu tradition findings.


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Print | Back
The Nun Quiz
Quiz yourself on the many roles nuns have played in U.S. society from Hollywood to the Civil War.
Catholic Channel - SilasPartners.com -
Catholic nuns have served in an almost infinite variety of waysand have had an undeniable impact on the formation of worldwide, and U.S. culture. Take this light-hearted quiz, and find out just how much you know about these "sisters," who have been "serving Christ by serving others" for some 1,500 years.
Women Religious have played a key role in the Church and in society for centuries. How much do you know about the nuns of history and of Hollywood? Begin with No. 1, and then just follow the directions.
1. Its easy to understand why women Religious are called sisters, but whats the origin of nun?
a) It comes from the 14th letter of the Hebrew alphabet. (Go to 27.)
b) It was a way of greeting an old woman. (Head for 40.)
2. The traditional progression in an order was postulancy, novitiate, simple (or temporary) vows, and solemn (or permanent) vows. A postulant or novice has not made vows, and may easily leave at any time. Now move to 17.
3. Lets make the last questions another first. In 17th-century France, St. Vincent de Paul and St. Louise de Marillac began the first society of sisters to live outside a convent or cloister. What group did they found?
a) The Visitation Sisters. (Go to 41.)
b) The Daughters of Charity. (Move to 11.)
4. Both! It was Lincoln who called them veritable angels of mercy. Now head for 36.
5. St. Benedict (c.480-547) is called the founder of monasticism in Western Europe. His sister is regarded as the first nun of the Benedictine Order. Whats this saints name?
a) Monica. (Go to 35.)
b) Scholastica. (Move to 37.)
6. About how many sisters were there in the United States in 1997?
a) Around 112,000. (Head for 16.)
b) Around 87,000. (Go to 26.)
7. No, although it was reported that Andrews really wanted another role awarded to Hepburn: Eliza Doolittle in the film My Fair Lady. Return to 34.
8. What was the first American order?
a) The Sisters of Charity of St. Joseph, begun by St. Elizabeth Ann Seton. (Head for 15.)
b) The Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart, founded by St. Frances Xavier Cabrini. (Go to 33.)
9. As the number of women Religious in the United States continued to decline and their average age continued to grow, the American bishops began a nationwide collection for aging Religious sisters, priests, and brothers. When did they do that?
a) In 1988. (Head for 14.)
b) In 1996. (Go to 32.)
10. And the critics werent kind. Now head for 31.
11. Yes. The Sisters of Charity were not under the then standard requirement of enclosure. Now head for 43.
12. During the Civil War, nursing sisters became known for their care of wounded and dying soldiers. What prominent leader praised their selfless compassion?
a) Jefferson Davis. (Go to 4.)
b) Abraham Lincoln. (Move to 21.)
13. Yes, although the figures come from different years. Statistical Yearbook of the Church, 1995, the latest edition, says there were some 834,000 sisters. Europe had the most (almost half), followed by North America, Asia, South America, Africa, and Oceania. Now head for 24.
14. Yes. (In a recent collection, Catholics donated more than $26 million.) Now move to 12.
15. Thats right. Mother Seton began the order in 1808 in Emmitsburg, Maryland. Now move to your last question, 3.
16. Not in recent years. Return to 6.
17. Feeling pretty confident that you know all the nun movies? Lets try one that wasnt such a commercial success. Change of Habit released in 1970, paired what duo?
a) Elvis Presley and Mary Tyler Moore. (Go to 10.)
b) Clint Eastwood and Shirley McLaine. (Move to 39.)
18. The percentage isnt that small. Return to 24.
19. No. Return to 30.
20. No, Debbie Reynolds starred in the 1966 movie The Singing Nun. It was loosely based on the true story of a French sister who startled the public by strumming a guitar while crooning her hit song Dominique. Return to 31.
21. Both! It was Lincoln who called them veritable angels of mercy. Now head for 36.
22. Yes. The film was released in 1959. Now go to 30.
23. Right. And thats enough questions about pretend sisters. Now go to 6.
24. At one time, a large percentage of sisters in the United States taught in Catholic schools. About how many do now?
a) One in 50 sisters. (Move to 18.)
b) One in eight sisters. (Head for 29.)
25. Ursuline Sisters began serving in Louisiana in 1727, but its not a contemplative order. (They had founded a house in Quebec in 1634!) Return to 36.
26. Yes. The higher figure was the number 10 years earlier. Now move to 38.
27. You know your Hebrew! Nunpronounced noonis a Hebrew letter. But that isnt where we get the term for sisters. Return to 1.
28. Yes, in 1790 at Fort Tobacco, Maryland. There were three American-born Carmelites who had been trained in an English convent in Belgium. Now go to 8.
29. Correct. About 11,000 are teachers. (Of the 161,000 teachers in Catholic schools in the United States, 147,000 are laypersons.) Now, go to 9.
30. Well stay in Tinsel Town a little longer. In the 1965 blockbuster The Sound of Music, Julie Andrews played a character who leaves the convent, becomes a governess, and gets married. How was that done so easily if nuns are under vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience?
a) She never took those vows. (Head for 2.)
b) She was released from her vows. (Go to 19.)
31. Just one more entertainment question: Actress Sally Field played a sister in a television series known as:
a) The Singing Nun. (Move to 20.)
b) The Flying Nun. (Head for 23.)
32. Sorry. Return to 9.
33. No. Mother Cabrini, who became a U.S. citizen, began the Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart in 1877 in her native Italy. Return to 8.
34. Lets jump from the sixth century to the 20th, and move from history to Hollywood. Who starred in the movie The Nun Story?
a) Julie Andrews. (Move to 7.)
b) Audrey Hepburn (Head for 22.)
35. No. St. Monica (332-387) was the mother of St. Augustine. Return to 5.
36. Lets go back even further. What was the first contemplative order of sisters to establish a convent in what was to become the United States?
a) The Ursulines. (Move to 25.)
b) The Carmelites. (Head for 28.)
37. Thats right. Now head for 34.
38. Worldwide, how many sisters are there?
a) About 10 times as many as in the United States. (Go to 13.)
b) About three times as many as in the United States. (Move to 42.)
39. Right year, wrong movie. That was Two Mules for Sister Sarah. Shirley McLaines character only pretended to be a nun. Return to 17.
40. Nonna was a respectful greeting in medieval Latin. It was the feminine form of a nonnusold man. Now head for 5.
41. Right era, right country, but no, that would be St. Jane de Chantal under the guidance of St. Francis de Sales. Return to 3.
42. No, there are more than three times as many in Europe alone. Return to 38.
43. Lets end with a quote from St. Vincent de Paul, describing the life these sisters were to lead. Your convent will be the house of the sick; your cell, a rented room; your chapel, the parish church; your cloister, the streets of the city or the wards of the hospital; your enclosure, obedience; your grille, the fear of God; your veil, holy modesty.
While each religious order has its own particular charism, and each sister finds her own particular ministry within it, in many ways the life of a nun has remained unchanged in some 1,500 years: Grounded in prayer, it is serving Christ by serving others.
Copyright © 2000 Bill Dodds


Whatever It Takes
Whatever It Takes, AMVBBDO - Macmillan Cancer Support - Zenith, Iconoclast, Stitch Editing, 750mph, MPC / Macmillan Cancer Support
During the pitch process, research we conducted showed people's understanding of Macmillan was limited. They knew about their caring, gentle, compassionate side but were less familiar with their gritty, determined, never-back-down side. And critically, we learnt that those who see that complete picture are more likely to donate and donate more.
This led us to position Macmillan as "compassionate warriors''. After all, they play a crucial role in the fight to secure and deliver care to people with cancer. This led to the idea Macmillan do 'Whatever it takes'. We won the account in November 2019.
When Covid-19 hit in March 2020, production was paused. Over the next few months, it became apparent cancer was becoming the "Forgotten C" and Macmillan's services were more vital than ever. Because of the disruption, as many as 50,000 people in the United Kingdom are missing a cancer diagnosis. This number could double if cancer referrals and screening do not catch up. This would leave 100,000 people at risk of being diagnosed late and having a lower chance of survival.
On top of this, 98% of the funding Macmillan receives is from the public. It had been severely hit during the pandemic