text:
NASA helps launch Angry Birds Space game
Looking for ways to attract new audiences to its space and technology mission a year ago, NASA saw a prime opportunity to fly with some hugely popular birds.
And now the results of NASA's innovative collaboration with mobile game company Rovio Entertainment is approaching lift-off: the Angry Birds Space game created by Rovio with NASA's cooperation debuts on March 22.
Angry Birds is one of the most popular mobile games ever, with the company claiming more than 500 million downloads in two years. Originally created on iPhone, it is also available for Android and other devices. In the game, stylized cartoon birds are launched to destroy pigs.
"The value [of the collaboration] for NASA is in getting people excited about science and space technology," Bob Jacobs, a NASA spokesman, told Federal Computer Week on March 13. 'This could be an important tool to reach new communities. We saw the possibility of reaching a very different audience through a gaming platform," Jacobs said.
In the original game, the player launches the angry birds with a catapult to destroy the structures in which the pigs are hiding. The game reflects the laws of physics, so the player can change the angle and power of the catapult to change the trajectory of the bird.
The new space version of the game applies the laws of physics that exist in outer space. Rovio designers met with NASA engineers to develop ways to demonstrate zero gravity principles in movements within the game. The game also contains a permanent Web link to a NASA website on zero gravity, also known as microgravity.
The collaboration is generating a lot of interest. A jointly-produced video featuring NASA astronaut Don Pettit at the International Space Station has already received more than 4 million views on YouTube. In the video, Pettit demonstrates zero gravity principles in action with a stuffed bird resembling the Angry Red Bird character.
Rovio and NASA debuted the introductory video on March 8 at the South by Southwest conference in Austin, Tex. Pettit can be seen in the video talking about gravity while floating around the station and shooting one of the stuffed birds down a tunnel with the help of a slingshot.
It all started with a tweet
The project started a year ago when Jacobs noticed several tweets mentioning NASA and Angry Birds. "NASA launched a man to the moon. We launch birds into pigs," read a tweet from game consultant George Bray.
There also were tweets circulating about smart phones today allegedly having more computing power than NASA computers back in the 1960s, Jacobs recalled.
Jacobs responded through the _USER_ Twitter account he manages. "Hey, RovioMobile, our computers are a bit better than they were in '69. We might be able to help you launch birds if you can find a pig in space," Jacobs tweeted on March 27, 2011.
Rovio also responded, and a conversation began. "It started with a tweet," Jacobs said. "It sparked a lot of light bulbs going off in people's minds."
The collaboration took off from there, with NASA and Rovio signing a "Space Act Agreement" outlining the terms of the collaboration with Rovio, which is from Finland. The federal agency has many such agreements in which it cooperates with private sector projects, Jacobs said. For example, NASA previously had signed an agreement with Paramount Pictures for allowing the filming of a Transformers movie at the Kennedy Space Center. All such agreements are vetted by NASA management to ensure they comply with regulations.
One of the initial fruits of the NASA-Rovio effort was that a version of Angry Birds released in 2011 had an "outer space" level embedded in it. Rovio debuted that version to coincide with the final space station launch, and the company distributed tee-shirts and other publicity materials.
There are no financial terms in the agreement with Rovio, Jacobs said. NASA has no mechanism to receive funding for such efforts, he added.
Jacobs said the collaboration has been successful, because the goal is to reach new communities, including millions of people likely to play Angry Birds Space.
"We see it as a mutually beneficial relationship that allows us to get NASA mission information into the game," Jacobs said. But he acknowledged that measuring the success of the endeavor might be a bit tricky.
For example, Rovio's YouTube video on the NASA Angry Birds Space announcement has received more than 4 million views. Meanwhile, the NASATelevision version of the introductory video has received only about 38,000 views.
On the other hand, Jacobs said many people have tweeted about, and shared links to, both videos on social websites including Facebook, Google+ and Twitter. NASA is gaining value from that sharing even when people view the video at Rovio's YouTube page rather than NASA's, he asserted, because the people are being exposed to the same principles of science and technology regardless.
"Having a bird and pigs in space are fun and cool ideas," Jacobs said. "We are seeing communities getting excited about it and sharing the information."
Alice Lipowicz is a staff writer covering government 2.0, homeland security and other IT policies for Federal Computer Week.


text:
Look, we know that with Kinect you'll be able to play games by moving around, and there is even a face controlled game coming for the Nintendo DSi, but there is something charming about this hack-job from the clever so-and-sos at Waterloo Labs, who have developed an eye-control system for the greatest 8-bit console of all time - the NES (sorry Sega Master System fans, but you know it's true).
The system works by placing a number of electrodes around the eyes, which measure positive and negative changes due to the retina's larger population of neurons. Or something like that.
Science never was Pocket-lint's strong point - we bunked off most of the time to play Super Mario Bros (with a control pad, sadly). You'll have to pay attention to the lady-scientist in the video if you want the proper explanation.
The system moves Mario left or right depending on eye-movement with a blink, or a look to the skies, to jump.
Pocket-lint may not know its science but it does no a thing or two about Super Mario Bros. And we know that we wouldn't lose two lives on level 1-1, even using just our eyes. And we certainly wouldn't miss the hidden extra life mushroom that the chap runs by at 2.02 in the video.
Basic error that one, and if these chaps would have bunked off of science lessons like us, then they would have known that.
Pocket-lint 1, Science boffins 0.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


QA:Testcase NM KDE Hotspot
From FedoraProject
Revision as of 15:27, 5 December 2012 by Martix (Talk | contribs)
Jump to: navigation, search
 - Connect to network using Ethernet.
 - Enable Wireless networking.
How to test
 1. Open "Network Management Settings" dialog in KDE.
 2. Navigate "Wireless" tab and then "Add" - "Shared".
 3. Setup Hotspot properties like SSID, encryption, password, IPv4 and IPv6 settings, etc...
 4. Check "WLAN Interface" properties using "Network Management" applet.
 5. Connect to wireless network using another device (notebook, smartphone, tablet, etc.).
 6. You can disable and re-enable hotspot. Other devices should disconnect and reconnect properly.
Expected Results
 1. "WLAN Interface" properties should contain correct "Access Point (SSID)" and "Traffic" graph and counter should show correct informations.
 2. Hotspot should be visible for other devices with same SSID and encryption and you can connect to it using correct password.
 1. Try more Hotspot configurations in "Network Management Settings".
 2. Login to Gnome, enable Hotspot and test it.


RSS Feeds
Correction: Europe-Science Bonanza story
Thursday - 1/31/2013, 7:00pm ET
BRUSSELS (AP) -- In a story Jan. 28 about a European Union science award, The Associated Press reported erroneously that EUR1 billion euros was equivalent to $1.34 million. The correct conversion is that EUR1 billion euros equals $1.34 billion.
A corrected version of the story is below:
2 science projects win up to $1.3 billion each
European projects to model human brain, explore graphene win up to EUR1 B ($1.34 billion) each
Associated Press
BRUSSELS (AP) -- Two European science projects -- one to map the intricacies of the human brain, the other to explore the extraordinary carbon-based material graphene -- won an EU technology contest Monday, getting up to EUR1 billion ($1.34 billion) each over the next decade.
The projects were selected from 26 proposals.
In addition, the increased knowledge about how the brain works -- and how it manages billions of processing units and trillions of synapses while consuming no more power than a light bulb --may lead to "a paradigm shift for computing," the European Commission, the European Union's executive branch, said in a statement.
"The economic and industrial impact of such a shift is potentially enormous," the commission said.
"The pharmaceutical industry won't do this, computing companies won't do this -- there's too much fundamental science," Markram said. "This is one project which absolutely needs public funding."
Each of the projects will initially receive EUR54 million ($73 million) from the European Union's research budget, an amount that will be matched by national governments and other sources. Further funding will depend on whether they reach certain milestones within the first 30 months, but over a decade it could total EUR1 billion ($1.34 billion) each.
In this age of government austerity, the commission promised to monitor the projects carefully so they continue "to be an efficient use of taxpayers' money."
Don Melvin can be reached at.


Date of Award
Fall 2019
Document Type
Degree Name
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Educ Foundations & Leadership
Community College Leadership
Committee Director
Mitchell R. Williams
Committee Member
Felecia Commodore
Committee Member
Jennifer Johnson
Over the past decade, for-profit career colleges have faced significant scrutiny and increased governmental regulation. Even with the skepticism of critics, for-profit enrollments surged and had one of the fastest enrollment growths among higher education sectors. For-profit career colleges are typically known for their predatory marketing practices and exorbitant costs. However, there is a significant concern surrounding why students would attend an institution with such a high cost and a socially perceived low-probability of return on investment (Cellini, 2012; Iloh & Tierney, 2013). This study employs a case study methodology to examine the decision-making process of students who selected for-profit career colleges instead of community colleges in northeast Florida. The researcher utilizes Levin and Milgrom's Rational Choice Theory which is based upon the premise that individuals have preferences and make decisions based upon those preferences (Levin & Milgrom, 2004). In this qualitative study, the researcher utilized document evidence, semi-structured interviews, and focus groups to examine how students arrived at their choice to attend a for-profit career college instead of a lesser expensive community college. The findings of the study provide a framework for higher education practitioners and leaders to utilize the information gathered to improve or modify their current admission and recruitment strategies to increase enrollment in community colleges among non-traditional students.


text:
Sports & Leisure - Overview
The nation's passion for sports is obvious every day—at NASCAR races, kiddie soccer matches, and countless other contests. From a handball used by Abraham Lincoln to Chris Evert's tennis racket to a baseball signed by Jackie Robinson, the roughly 6.000 objects in the Museum's sports collections bear witness to the vital place of sports in the nation's history. Paper sports objects in the collections, such as souvenir programs and baseball cards, number in the hundreds of thousands.
Leisure collections encompass a different range of objects, including camping vehicles and gear, video games, playing cards, sportswear, exercise equipment, and Currier and Ives prints of fishing, hunting, and horseracing. Some 4,000 toys dating from the colonial period to the present are a special strength of the collections.


text:
The Battle of Talana Hill
Location: 5kms outside the town of Dundee
The British infantry attack regained its momentum and continued up Talana Hill in the face of heavy fire, gathering below the peak for the final attack. As the troops stormed the top of the hill the Boers fell back. One of the British batteries firing from the open ground outside Dundee failed to identify the troops on the top of Talana as British and continued to fire on the crest, inflicting unnecessary casualties and hindering the assault.
The Boers could be seen mounting their ponies and streaming away across the valley on the far side of the hill. Penn Symons had sent the 18th Hussars and Mounted Infantry around Talana Hill to take advantage of just such a situation, but there was no sign of them. The country was not familiar to the officers and they had become lost; straying away towards the main Boer force where later that day they were surprised by a larger contingent of Boers and captured.
Confusion over identification of the retreating Boers is only one of the reports as to why the British did not pursue them. However, only a few days later the Boers had regrouped and attacked the town of Dundee. The British then were forced to retreat to Ladysmith and the Boers occupied Dundee for 7 months.Back


text:
Definitions for valparaiso
the chief port and second largest city of Chile; located on a wide harbor in central Chile
A major port city of Chile.
A place name.
The Nuttall Encyclopedia
(Vale of Paradise) (150), the second city and chief port in Chile, over 100 m. NW. of Santiago, at the head of a bay which looks N., and where the anchorage is dangerous; is quite a commercial city; exports ores, nitre, wheat, hides, &c., the business affairs of which are largely in the hands of foreigners, chiefly English, American, and Germans; it has been on various occasions visited by severe earthquakes; was bombarded by a Spanish fleet in 1866 and suffered in the Civil War of 1891.


text:
Department of Forestry Records Guide
Record Series Descriptions
1944, 1948-50, 1954, _PHONE_
.1 cubic feet
Arrangement: chronological by biennium
Series used to report Forestry Department activities and accomplishments to the Governor. Reports include date, transmittal, and narrative description of activities. Some reports also include illustrations and photographs. Subjects include organizational structure, forest land management, budgets, fire prevention, farm forestry, forest taxation, and department administration.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
2D games using Silverlight - Collision detection implementation
This article shows how to implement collision detection in a Microsoft Silverlight game application. This is the second article in a series which will show how to create a complete working game (a clone of the classic Arkanoid game).
The first article in this series 2D games using Silverlight - implementing the game loop introduced the possibility of writing 2D games using Silverlight, an approach that has benefits when targeting all of the platforms: Windows Phone 7, Windows Phone 8 and Windows 8 and Internet browsers. The original article covered the creation of the game skeleton for a simple Arkanoid clone called JailBreaker, and included the games loop and the game controllable loop.
This article extends the game skeleton by adding collision detection.
Collision detection implementation strategy
There are numerous strategies and algorithms for collision detection: broad detection phase, narrow detection phase, how to use dot production to estimate distance, etc. However it does not make sense to re-invent the wheel: for more complicated games there are open source physics engines, and for simple games like this there are often platform APIs that can be used to help with collision detection. For this example we use the collision detection functionality built into the platform, along with a good understanding of the simple collision detection required for this game.
Considering the game environment:
- There are few components with complex non-predictable movement - essentially just the club and ball. All other elements either stand still or fall in predictable manner - they do not collide. As a result we only need to consider a single object, the ball, for determining whether a collision has occurred.
- We only need to consider collisions in three directions along the active object movement: forward, forward diagonal up, forward diagonal down. This limitation allows us to minimize number of tests required
Collision detection in the platform:
- There is a helper class VisualTreeHelper in the platform that allows hit test on the component tree (all visible components in Silverlight application form a component tree hierarchy)
- There is a support for object animation based on StoryBoard that is suitable for steady moving objects
- the game movement is based on screen refresh rate, which is not constant across devices. To make object speed the same on different devices/conditions we need to measure the refresh rate before calculation the object next position
- During object movement, the object perception will be conducted on the next the object position because we are going to make the calculations in a hook to the screen refresh loop.
New module in the project PhysicalBody
The new class PhysicalBody is attached to a UI element statically created in XAML. It handles the element:
- position update
- object collision assessment
- checking the class container extends to keep the element position inside the container
Also it accepts gameOver and hitScores() method delegates from the class container
The position update is a simple increment of the current position based on the current body speed. Note that the body speed defines the body direction according to the coordinate system: positive value is from left to right by X axis, and from top to bottom in Y axis and negative value is in the opposite direction.
Object collision assessment
This is the crucial part of the article. The collision detection is implemented in one function and follows the strategy we have declared above in the preceding sections.
Let us examine the code:
private void assessCollision()
// get bounding box and offset the box in movement direction on one step
Canvas canvas = (Canvas)body.Parent;
// (1) for converting screen-to-control coordinates
var transform = canvas.TransformToVisual(Application.Current.RootVisual); // for converting screen-to-control coordinates
var origin = transform.Transform(new Point(Canvas.GetLeft(body) + velocityX, Canvas.GetTop(body) + velocityY));
var boundingBox = new Rect(origin, new Size(body.ActualWidth, body.ActualHeight));
// (2) check whether there are element exist on the body's way
// in three directions : forward, forward-diagonal-up and forward-diagonal-down
// (3) use VisualTreeHelper helper class to walk through elements hierarchy tree
// (4) filter out all objects except Shapes
if (isCollided(VisualTreeHelper.FindElementsInHostCoordinates(new Point(boundingBox.Right, boundingBox.Bottom), (Canvas)body.Parent)) ||
isCollided(VisualTreeHelper.FindElementsInHostCoordinates(new Point(boundingBox.Right, boundingBox.Y), (Canvas)body.Parent)) ||
isCollided(VisualTreeHelper.FindElementsInHostCoordinates(new Point(boundingBox.X, boundingBox.Bottom), (Canvas)body.Parent)))
for more details please check the source code
Given approach shows how easy to implement collision detection in Silverlight game project if use only the platform means. Working example is available in source code that can be build and run on Windows Phone 7.X device. Also since Windows platform does not allow side-loading installation binaries, just for reference the same code has been deployed to a web site and can run embedded into a browser.


text:
Students, Teachers Begin Preparations for SAT-9
Posted: March 16, 2001
Students and teachers are beginning preparations for the Stanford Achievement Test - Ninth Edition (SAT-9), which will be administered April 2-6 in West Virginia.
The SAT-9 enables schools to measure academic performance and gives educators valuable data to help tailor instruction to meet the educational needs of all students.
"Our students are tested in the areas of reading, vocabulary, reading comprehension, mathematics problem solving, mathematics procedures, language, spelling, study skills, science, social studies and listening on the SAT-9," said State Superintendent Dr. David Stewart. "This assessment is used by teachers and school systems to measure academic progress of students and to determine areas needing improvement. The state's Instructional Goals and Objectives are aligned with this assessment."
Jan Barth, executive director, Office of Student Services and Assessment, said that "schools prepare students by teaching the West Virginia Instructional Goals and Objectives throughout the year; however, in the days preceding the SAT-9 administration, most schools review subject matter and prepare students for testing."
School systems will receive the assessment results at the county office within three weeks from the date the county test coordinator submits them to the West Virginia Department of Education.
In addition to school reports, each parent will receive a detailed report indicating his or her child's performance on the test. Dr. Karen Huffman, assistant director, Office of Student Services and Assessment, provides tips to help students prepare for the SAT-9.
Parents can help children prepare for the SAT-9 by:
- making sure that children have sufficient sleep so that they're alert,
- ensuring that children have a nutritious breakfast to start the day,
- encouraging children to relax by reassuring them that the test measures learning and will show strengths and accomplishments,
- discussing the importance of following directions, and
- encouraging children to do their best.


text:
The idea of predictive coding, namely that perception is the combination of sensory feedback and prior predictions of sensory outcomes, has only recently been applied to interoception. However, in 2012, Seth, Suzuky & Critchley introduced a theoretical model which applied predictive coding to agency and interoceptive states. We are currently engaged in empirically testing the model assumptions to determine whether it provides an accurate account of the construction of internal awareness.
Sense of Agency
Sense of agency is the feeling of being in control of one's actions. It is a subtle feeling that we do not consciously think about very often. However, it might be hugely important for engaging with the world in a self-determined way. For example, in psychological disorders such as schizophrenia people are not always able to tell if their actions are self-controlled. We are investigating what factors might determine our sense of agency, and how it can be assessed objectively.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I've got a sprite group which needs to be drawn in a certain order so its sprites overlap as they should.
However even when sorting the group using operator module function (sorted(self.sprites, key=attrgetter('y','x')) the order is wrong.
How can I fix this behaviour?
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
Straightforwardly, you can't:
The Group does not keep sprites in any order, so the draw order is arbitrary.
Use an OrderedUpdates group instead:
This class derives from pygame.sprite.RenderUpdates - Group class that tracks dirty updates. It maintains the order in which the Sprites were added to the Group for rendering. This makes adding and removing Sprites from the Group a little slower than regular Groups.
Alternatively, you can keep different 'layers' of sprites in different groups, keeping the order of groups correct.
share|improve this answer
+1 for a simple solution – CyberneticTwerkGuruOrc Dec 26 '13 at 18:10
Your Answer


text:
My Asiatic lilies that in previous years were pink, white, and yellow came up orange and black this year. What happened?
—Doug Sheehan, Ludlow, VT
This is frustrating, but not unusual, and you can't tell with complete certainty what happened to your lilies. The black-spotted orange lilies (as a child, I called them tiger lilies) are very robust. If there were any small bulbs, or even bulb scales, from orange and black ones mixed in with the pastel-flowering bulbs when you planted them, they may have grown and thrived while the more delicate bulbs diminished and eventually died out.
Little "bulbils," the seed-like miniature bulbs that often form along the stems of Asiatic lilies, should produce plants that are identical to those from which they came. But you can't count on real seeds from the plant's seed pods to "come true." So if you didn't deadhead your lily flowers faithfully before seed pods matured, it's likely they produced ripe seeds which reverted to the more common ancestral orange and black form. After falling to the ground, some may have grown, then bloomed orange and black after several years, eventually taking over your lily displays. They won't revert back to pink, white, or yellow again.


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Andrus v. Idaho
Citation: 10 ELR 20448
No. No. 79-260, 445 U.S. 715/(U.S., 04/16/1980)
The Supreme Court holds that the Carey Act of 1894 neither reserves a specific acreage of public domain desert land for any state nor automatically obligates the Secretary of the Interior to grant specific lands chosen by a state. In order to aid states in the reclamation of desert land, the Carey Act authorizes the Secretary to grant to a state, upon proper application, a maximum specified acreage of land in the public domain if the state demonstrates its ability to irrigate and reclaim it. The State of Idaho challenged the Bureau of Land Management's denial of its request for a specific tract arguing that at its passage the Act bound the United States to grant any lands requested by a state. The district court and the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals disagreed, ruling that the Act did not grant the state an absolute right to the specified acreage. The Supreme Court first holds that notwithstanding the failure of the state to exhaust its administrative remedies, there is a case or controversy between the parties because the Court's construction of the Carey Act will ultimately determine their respective rights and obligations. Affirming in part and reversing in part, the Court rejects that portion of the lower court's judgment which declares that Idaho is "entitled" to 2.4 million acres of Carey Act lands and that the Secretary is obligated to grant such lands. Rather, based on a review of the statutory history and the Interior Department's prior construction of the Act, the Court holds that the Carey Act neither automatically reserves to the state a specific acreage nor obligates the Secretary to approve automatically a state's request for specific lands.
In dissent, Justice Stevens finds the issues dealt with by the Court not ripe for decision.
Counsel for Petitioner
William Alsup, Ass't to the Solicitor General
Department of Justice, Washington DC 20530
_PHONE_
Edward J. Shawaker
Land and Natural Resources Division
Department of Justice, Washington DC 20530
_PHONE_
Counsel for Respondents
Josephine P. Beeman, W. Hugh O'Riordan, Deputy Attorneys General
State House, Boise ID 83720
_PHONE_


Skip to definition.
Adjective: enigmatic ,e-nig'ma-tik
 1. Having an unobvious or mysterious meaning; hard to understand
 "prophetic texts so enigmatic that their meaning has been disputed for centuries"; "I didn't grasp the meaning of that enigmatic comment until much later";
 - enigmatical, puzzling
 2. Resembling an oracle in obscurity of thought
 - oracular
See also: ambiguous, incomprehensible, uncomprehensible
Encyclopedia: Enigmatic


text:
Name : Mrs. M. Rani Kanchana Interview Date: 07.04.10
Qualification : MSc Micro-biology Board: Mr. P.K. Mishra
Hobbies : Voluntary in caner awareness,
helping husband in agriculture, reading books,
Option : 1. Geography
2. Tamil Lit.
1. What is the diff between elocution and debate.
2. Do you agree Indian democracy is off the people far the people and buy the people.
3. What is the diff between applied microbiology and medical microbiology? What do u do in both.
4. What is the diff between disease and illness?
PLEASE VISIT FOR REMAINING TARGET IAS


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Howard B. Keck; Oil Magnate, Philanthropist
Howard B. Keck, an oil magnate and philanthropist who was chairman and president of the Superior Oil Co. and the W.M. Keck Foundation, has died. He was 83.
Keck, who had retired from active work on the foundation a year ago, died Saturday in Santa Monica.
The scion of Superior founder W.M. Keck Sr., Howard Keck worked from an early age in California oil fields along with his brother William and their father. Howard Keck succeeded his father as chairman of the independent oil and gas company in 1964.
He was known particularly for pioneering offshore drilling along the Gulf Coast. When court squabbling over his father's fortune sparked the sale of Superior in 1984, Keck led shareholders in securing the sale to Mobil Corp. for $5.7 billion.
Keck turned his energies to the foundation, which he headed from 1964 to 1995. The sole trustee of his father's charitable trust, he became particularly identified with the W.M. Keck Observatory on Hawaii's Mauna Kea.
During his tenure, the family's charitable trust grew from $250 million to $1.2 billion. In that period, the trust and foundation awarded $550 million in grants to science, medicine, higher education and the arts.
Keck was a trustee of Caltech when he became personally engrossed in the Keck Observatory and its internationally known Keck Telescope. The huge telescope was conceived by the University of California. But Caltech was brought into the project on the condition that Caltech raise some funding.
The self-educated Keck stepped in, offering to fully fund the telescope--but only if Caltech rather than UC controlled the project.
After months of negotiation, Keck agreed to a joint project with UC and Caltech sharing 90% of the telescope's viewing time.
Other Keck projects included use of free-electron laser technology in surgery, molecular studies to improve pharmaceuticals, precision measurement and observation of the ocean environment and studies in genetics.
Keck also bred and raced Thoroughbred horses. His stables produced Ferdinand, the 1986 winner of the Kentucky Derby.
Los Angeles Times Articles


Composing Your Career
You know you want a career with meaning—you want to do work that matters and reflects your values. But do you know in which field and role you want to make an impact, or how to put yourself on track for a meaningful career? You're not alone.
Composing Your Career at NYU Wagner—and Beyond
Composing Your Career is a practical guide. As you begin your journey at NYU Wagner and evolve your career over time, its exercises and videos will help you meet three core objectives:
 - Figure out what "work that matters" means to you so you know where you're going
 - Design your journey with your goal in sight
 - Maximize your chance of being hired to make an impact in the field and role you want
NYU Wagner attracts students who want an education that challenges and informs over time. We know that the students who get the most from Wagner are those who actively create their education with us. Composing Your Career is a start.
Get Started
The Tracks Exercise
Not sure exactly where you're headed? The innovative Tracks Exercise helps you explore options, then fine-tune your focus on how and where you want to make an impact. Dive deeper
Know What Employers Look F.O.R.
Field. Organization. Role.
You've set your course. Next, understand what will get you hired: an active commitment to your field, a fit with the organization's culture, and the skills to make effective change in the role. Dive deeper
Practice the S.E.E. Strategies
Smart. Experienced. Engaged.
Position yourself for a successful career—be smart, experienced, and engaged. How? Consider what you're looking for along with what employers are looking for and use the information to maximize your time while in school. Dive deeper
Jump straight to the videos
Download the guide


text:
How To Prank Dna Test Results Form Typeable PDF Online?
Easy-to-use PDF software
What is Prank Dna Test Results Form?
The DNA test report you will receive shows numbers (in the first column) that indicate each of the 21 loci involved in the DNA testing process. The columns marked allele on the DNA test report contain numbers indicating the two alleles found at each locus (or one number if they are the same size).
How to start Typeable PDF for Prank Dna Test Results Form
To work on your PDF, you need to find a decent Typeable PDF for Prank Dna Test Results Form. Our web-based service helps you to simplify the editing process providing you with an array of professional tools. You can explore the entire suite in no time using an intuitive interface. The solution saves you time and effort and delights you with a high-level user experience. To start Typeable PDF for Prank Dna Test Results Form, use the step-by-step guidelines below:
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Our tool is the fastest and easiest way to cope with red tape. Plus, the solution is safe and processes your data according to industry-standard security, complying with GDPR, ESIGN, and so on. Feel confident knowing that your information is under protection. Try out the service now and get the most out of it to establish a flexible and robust workflow.
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Submit important papers on the go with the number one online document management solution. Use our web-based app to edit your PDFs without effort. We provide our customers with an array of up-to-date tools accessible from any Internet-connected device. Upload your PDF document to the editor. Browse for a file on your device or add it from an online location. Insert text, images, fillable fields, add or remove pages, sign your PDFs electronically, all without leaving your desk.


text:
by definition. The q-Pochhammer symbol is a major building block in the construction of q-analogs; for instance, in the theory of basic hypergeometric series, it plays the role that the ordinary Pochhammer symbol plays in the theory of generalized hypergeometric series.
Unlike the ordinary Pochhammer symbol, the q-Pochhammer symbol can be extended to an infinite product:
A q-series is a series in which the coefficients are functions of q, typically depending on q via q-Pochhammer symbols.
The finite product can be expressed in terms of the infinite product:
which extends the definition to negative integers n. Thus, for nonnegative n, one has
The q-Pochhammer symbol is the subject of a number of q-series identities, particularly the infinite series expansions
which are both special cases of the q-binomial theorem:
The q-Pochhammer symbol is closely related to the enumerative combinatorics of partitions. The coefficient of in
is the number of partitions of m into at most n parts.
Since, by conjugation of partitions, this is the same as the number of partitions of m into parts of size at most n, by identification of generating series we obtain the identity:
as in the above section.
We also have that the coefficient of in
is the number of partitions of m into n or n-1 distinct parts.
By removing a triangular partition with n − 1 parts from such a partition, we are left with an arbitrary partition with at most n parts. This gives a weight-preserving bijection between the set of partitions into n or n − 1 distinct parts and the set of pairs consisting of a triangular partition having n − 1 parts and a partition with at most n parts. By identifying generating series, this leads to the identity:
also described in the above section.
The q-binomial theorem itself can also be handled by a slightly more involved combinatorial argument of a similar flavour.
Multiple arguments convention
Since identities involving q-Pochhammer symbols so frequently involve products of many symbols, the standard convention is to write a product as a single symbol of multiple arguments:
Relationship to other q-functions
we define the q-analog of n, also known as the q-bracket or q-number of n to be
From this one can define the q-analog of the factorial, the q-factorial, as
Again, one recovers the usual factorial by taking the limit as q approaches 1. This can be interpreted as the number of flags in an n-dimensional vector space over the field with q elements, and taking the limit as q goes to 1 yields the interpretation of an ordering on a set as a flag in a vector space over the field with one element.
A product of negative integer q-brackets can be expressed in terms of the q-factorial as:
From the q-factorials, one can move on to define the q-binomial coefficients, also known as Gaussian coefficients, Gaussian polynomials, or Gaussian binomial coefficients:
One can check that
This converges to the usual Gamma function as q approaches 1 from inside the unit disc.. Note that
for any x and
for non-negative integer values of n. Alternatively, this may be taken as an extension of the q-factorial function to the real number system.
- George Gasper and Mizan Rahman, Basic Hypergeometric Series, 2nd Edition, (2004), Encyclopedia of Mathematics and Its Applications, 96, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. ISBN 0-521-83357-4.
- Roelof Koekoek and Rene F. Swarttouw, The Askey scheme of orthogonal polynomials and its q-analogues, section 0.2.
- Exton, H. (1983), q-Hypergeometric Functions and Applications, New York: Halstead Press, Chichester: Ellis Horwood, 1983, ISBN _PHONE_, ISBN _PHONE_, ISBN 978-_PHONE_


numbered! We have scant records of those clocks of his which are not signed on the dial, probably for the simple reason that they would often go unrecognised as being by him. Only a keen student of clocks or maybe a restorer would be likely to see such a hidden signature. Clock number 248 pictured here is just such a one, having his signature concealed but yet numbered behind the movement backplate. Yet we also have examples of clocks made before he began numbering, yet these are signed. So how do we explain that?
hood of the unnumbered William Barnard clock
3. Pillars attached to the hood door and side windows are a feature of his earlier cases.
Click for closer view.
I can only think that if he sold clocks in a local prohibited market town, he would leave them unsigned, and these are likely to be amongst his earliest clocks. But if he took an order in the market for a clock to be delivered to the client's home later, then he would in all likelihood sign it on the dial. In this event we would see an occasional early one with a dial signature dating from the same period as some without a visible signature.
We cannot yet calculate when he started his numbering system, but I feel sure than once he did begin it he would have carried on the same numbering series. In the series of numbers listed above, those marked with an asterisk had the number hidden on the back of the movement. This implies that he later adopted the idea of displaying the number on the dial. He often set the serial number within the seconds circle, where it barely shows. I have spoken to owners who have had a Barnard clock for years and never before noticed that it had a serial number. But, setting the topic of signatures and numbers apart, William Barnard was an excellent and prolific clockmaker, whose work is a delight to see. His father's £10 premium was well spent!
Footnote. This article was published in a fuller version in Clocks Magazine.
Copyright © 2013 Brian Loomes
more articles by Brian Loomes on collecting antique clocks
finding a clock by a particular maker
Full price list of clocks sent on request


text:
The University of Iowa MHA Program prepares graduates for their initial positions as health care managers and provides a solid foundation for executive career development in a variety of health organizations. The MHA curriculum is designed to foster excellent analytical and communication skills, innovation, and strong commitment to community service and performance improvement. The curriculum is structured to include a broad range of didactic and experiential learning opportunities.
The University of Iowa MHA Competencies are:
I. Leading People
- 1a. Demonstrate effective verbal communication, including but not limited to formal individual and team presentations.
- 1b. Prepare effective written business communications.
- Think critically and assess the potential impact and consequences of decisions in a broad variety of situations.
- Commit to ethical professional behavior.
- Commit to the personal pursuit of professional development.
B. Team Development
- Use leadership practices that support team effectiveness.
- Perform effectively on teams and in different team roles as appropriate to the situation.
- Support effective conflict management approaches in interpersonal and team situations.
- Integrate the knowledge and experiences of other professions, as appropriate, to inform and implement decisions.
II. Managing Resources
- Interpret balance sheets and income statements.
- Compile and analyze financial information to develop a business plan for a new service or program.
- Explain revenue cycle and its impact on financial stability.
- Summarize the process for strategic capital formation.
- Distinguish different approaches to organizational design for the organization and delivery of healthcare.
- Use various improvement tools to address quality, safety, and efficiency goals, including lean techniques and performance monitoring tools.
- Develop an evaluation plan based on operational or strategic goals.
- Use organizational behavior concepts to solve problems and make decisions in the day-to-day management of healthcare organizations.
- Apply concepts and techniques related to the management of human resources in healthcare organizations.
- Interpret ethical issues and legal concerns and use appropriate approaches to analyze and resolve them, including recognizing when to seek counsel.
- Explain the roles of, and relationship between, electronic medical records and financial data systems for clinical and strategic decision-making and for evaluating the quality and efficiency of care.
- Analyze data and use the results to address strategic, operational, financial, and quality performance indicators for healthcare organizations.
III. Setting Strategic Direction
- Value the roles and relationships of governance, executive leadership, and external stakeholders in strategically addressing the health needs of a community or target population.
- Conduct an environmental assessment to identify changing needs/demands of a community, including an analysis of demographics, epidemiological data, organizational capacity, competitor strategies, technological changes, regulatory issues, and payment methods.
- Develop a business plan to propose a new service or program, addressing strategic objectives, financial analysis, structural and staffing implications, and evaluation.
IV. Improving Population Health
- Appreciate the impact of social and behavioral determinants of health and their interrelationships on health and healthcare delivery.
- Distinguish and compare the major settings for, and types of, healthcare services, including individual and population health, and payers.
- Explain the process for developing and implementing new policies and regulations at the state and federal levels.
- Analyze new healthcare regulations/laws to determine the likely impact on different stakeholders, including care delivery organizations, payers, and individuals.
- Analyze the impact of changes to payment mechanisms on healthcare delivery and health outcomes using economic and insurance concepts.
- Relate the roles of healthcare and public health in contributing to the health of a defined population.
- Assess healthcare workforce need projections and critical issues related to workforce needs for the future


Naming resources
This page describes the naming convention for Compute Engine resources.
Resources are the fundamental components that make up a Cloud service or product. For example, resources on Compute Engine include but are not limited to:
To learn more about resources, see Global, regional, and zonal resources documentation.
Naming convention
When you create a new resource on Compute Engine, you have to provide properties such as a name for the resource.
For resources on Compute Engine, the resource name must meet the following format (unless specified differently in the documentation for creating that resource):
 - Be 1-63 characters in length.
 - Comply with RFC 1035 conventions.
 - Match the regular expression [a-z]([-a-z0-9]*[a-z0-9])?. This means that the first character must be a lowercase letter, and all the following characters must be hyphens, lowercase letters, or digits, except the last character, which cannot be a hyphen.
Name uniqueness
In general, resource names must be unique within a location within a project. For example, an external IP address name must be unique within the region where it resides. However, you can reuse names across locations.
If the VmDnsSetting setting for your instance is not set to ZonalOnly then your VM instance names must be unique across the project. We strongly recommend using the VmDnsSetting:ZonalOnly setting for your projects, not only so you can reuse VM names across locations, but also because it offers higher reliability guarantees by isolating failures in the DNS registration to individual zones. For more information, see Zonal DNS names.


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In order to increase the count rate capability of a neutron detection system as a whole, we propose a multi-stage neutron detection system. Experiments to test the effectiveness of this concept were carried out on Fusion Neutronics Source. Comparing four configurations of alignment, it was found that the influence of an anterior stage on a posterior stage was negligible for the pulse height distribution. The two-stage system using 25 mm thickness scintillator was about 1.65 times the count rate capability of a single detector system for d-D neutrons and was about 1.8 times the count rate capability for d-T neutrons. The results suggested that the concept of a multi-stage detection system will work in practice.
ASJC Scopus subject areas


text:
We have studied the charge disproportionation phenomenon in CaFeO3 using the local-spin density approximation with the on-site Coulomb interaction parameter U and exchange parameter J. The calculation reveals that the total number of the 3d electrons is about 5.1 for both Fe(1)(Fe5+) and Fe(2)(Fe3+) atoms, and that there are about 0.25 electron holes in the O-2p band. Therefore, the charge disproportionation can be more accurately described as 2d5L(Fe4+)=d5L2(Fe5+)+d5(Fe3+), where L denotes a hole in the oxygen 2p band, instead of 2d4(Fe4+)=d3(Fe5+)+d5(Fe3+). The hybridization between the Fe-3d and O-2p orbitals is stronger for Fe(1) than for Fe(2) due to the shorter Fe(1)-O bond. The hyperfine magnetic field contributed from conduction electron polarization is larger for Fe(2), resulting from a stronger s-d hybridization between the s orbital of Fe(2) and the d orbitals of its neighboring Fe(1) atoms. The on-site Coulomb repulsion and the exchange interaction increase the splitting between the occupied spin up and unoccupied spin down bands of Fe atoms. Fe-3d electrons become localized and the occupied d-band shifts to a lower energy range, even below the O-2p level. The calculated magnetic moments, hyperfine fields, and electron charge density agree well with the experimental data.
J. Yang et al., "Study of the Electronic Structure of CaFeO₃," Journal of Applied Physics, American Institute of Physics (AIP), Jan 2005.
The definitive version is available at _URL_
Materials Science and Engineering
United States. Department of Energy
Keywords and Phrases
Antiferromagnetic Materials; Band Structure; Calcium Compounds; Density Functional Theory; Exchange Interactions (Electron); Hyperfine Interactions; Magnetic Moments
Article - Journal
© 2005 American Institute of Physics (AIP), All rights reserved.


text:
The Impact of Culture on the Indian Construction Industry
Keywords:Best Value, construction industry, culture, India, performance
The Indian construction industry has been characterized by poor performance. This paper analyzes the potential impact of the Indian culture on the poor performance. If the culture is a major cause in the construction industry subpar performance, can the cultural influence be overridden to minimize construction project delays and cost overruns. The authors propose to identify the unique cultural issues, identify using the Construction Industry Structure (CIS) model the impact of the cultural issues on the construction industry, and identify a potential solution to the problem. The paper proposes to test the solution in actual tests with industry participants. What makes this research unique is the approach of using deductive logic to create a simple solution, and then convincing a major research client to test the proposal.
How to Cite
Copyright (c) 2013 Syed Nihas, M.S., Kristen C. Barlish, M.S., Fulbright Scholar, Jacob Kashiwagi, PhD, Dean T. Kashiwagi, PhD, Fulbright Scholar, PE
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.


The hardness of 3-uniform hypergraph coloring
Irit Dinur, Oded Regev, Clifford Smyth
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
We prove that coloring a 3-uniform 2-colorable hypergraph with any constant number of colors is NP-hard. The best known algorithm [20] colors such a graph using O(n1/5) colors. Our result immediately implies that for any constants k > 2 and c2 > c1 > 1, coloring a k-uniform c1-colorable hypergraph with c2 colors is NP-hard; leaving completely open only the k = 2 graph case. We are the first to obtain a hardness result for approximately-coloring a 3-uniform hypergraph that is colorable with a constant number of colors. For k ≥ 4 such a result has been shown by [14], who also discussed the inherent difference between the k = 3 case and k ≥ 4. Our proof presents a new connection between the Long-Code and the Kneser graph, and relies on the high chromatic numbers of the Kneser graph [19,22] and the Schrijver graph [26]. We prove a certain maximization variant of the Kneser conjecture, namely that any coloring of the Kneser graph by fewer colors than its chromatic number, has'many' non-monochromatic edges.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number6
Pages (from-to)33-40
Number of pages8
JournalAnnual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science-Proceedings
StatePublished - 2002
ASJC Scopus subject areas
 - Hardware and Architecture
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Take the 2-minute tour ×
I was discussing with my colleagues why it feels easier to walk up an escalator when it is moving. My natural assumption was that the movement of the escalator imparts some extra acceleration on the rider that helps to move up the stairs. But my colleagues insisted that this was nonsense, and that the affect is purely psychological (i.e. it just seems easier).
We actually came up with three contradictory hypotheses, and I'm not sure which is right: 1. The escalator is constantly accelerating the rider since without constant acceleration the body wouldn't be able to counteract the force of gravity (i.e. my theory). 2. The rider is not accelerating since no acceleration is needed to maintain a constant velocity. 3. The acceleration of the escalator actually makes it harder to get to the next step since it pushes the rider against the current step.
Which of these is correct?
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Compare to What's the difference between running up a hill and running up an inclined treadmill?. Personally I doubt that it is easier (or harder, it's roughly a inertial frame), which would imply that the sense of motion is fooling you into feeling that it's easier. – dmckee Jan 17 '12 at 18:39
It is possible that the act of bouncing against the stairs as you run up makes the escalator go backwards a little at each step, pulling the stairs down a little. Without such an effect, there would be no change. – Ron Maimon Jan 18 '12 at 5:19
3 Answers 3
Once you get yourself moving, the escalator does not accelerate you and does not assist your running up hill. The only advantage an escalator gives you is that you keep moving up even if you don't put any effort into it.
Next time you feel like running up an escalator (which is not entirely safe), you might consider repeating the experiment with your eyes closed. That will eliminate the visual effect but you will still feel the air flow on your face.
This is basic Newton's law on inertial frames. You cannot detect steady motion. This is why you can throw dice in the gambling compartment of a luxury airliner that is moving at 400 miles per hour. Or why you can exist on the earth's surface without realizing that it is moving (due to the earth's turning) at an even faster rate (depending on latitude).
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Number two is correct:
The first option offered:
Here's why that's wrong.
To apply Newton's second law, $F = ma$, all system forces and their interaction must be taken into account. If you hold an object in the palm of your hand, you are applying some force on that object, but that object is not accelerating and it's not even moving. This is because the force you apply on that object is equal and opposite to the force of gravity.
In the case of an escalator, a motor provides some torque (rotational force) which is acting agianst forces of friction in the system and gravity which weighs down the passengers. After all forces are taken into account, the velocity of the escalator is (approximately) constant therefore the acceleration is zero and walking up those stairs is no easier than walking up a regular set of stairs.
Walking up the stairs of an escalator may even be more difficult than walking up a regular set of stairs because increased velocity relative to the surrounding atmosphere causes an increase in fluid friction acting on the walker.
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A certain version of the 3rd option is correct.
Let's analyze the case for a person that just stands on a step of the escalator.
The person comes walking at a certain speed, presummably the same as the horizontal speed of the escalator's speed, so when the step into the platform is taken no acceleration occurs. But shortly after, the platform changes direction and starts going upwards. In this moment vercical acceleration is imparted to the person's body. Once the platform is moving at full escalator angle, both horizontal and vertical speed are constant, thus there is no acceleration in any axis.
The short period of vertical acceleration is usually not felt by the person because knees are amost locked straight so the force is excerted mostly trhough the bones, however, if you step on the escalator with knees slightly bent, you'd experiment (feel, perceive) the force needed to remain (half) standed.
Now, since after the initial direction change there is no more acceleration from the escalator, if the person takes their own steps forward/upward then with each step they would be accelerating the body up and forward. This acceleration results obviously in higher speed.
So, the escalator makes it easier to get up to the next deck, but each individual step would take the same energy from the body of the person performing the experiment than it would take if the escalator was stopped.
There are a few things to consider:
The phicological effect of perceiving a higher speed, not correlating to the perceived effort.
The fact that you walk less steps to get to the upper deck if the escalator is functioning (upwards).
Finally, consider what happens if besides the escalator there are regular stairs. If you try to walk up the stairs at the same speed (relative to the building) than a person walking up the working escalator, you'd find how you need more effort to accomplish the task in the same time.
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Difference Between Similar Terms and Objects
Difference Between a Sleeper Sofa and a Futon
Sleeper sofas and futons are double purpose furniture that have become ubiquitous in modern homes that have limited space or who frequently have guests that stay overnight. Sleeper sofas and futons are also common in hotel rooms to increase sleeping capacity. They are a great way to save on space and are easy to transport. They are also a great way to save on money as one does not have to spend separate money for a couch and a bed. And since they are basically similar in function, sleeper sofas and futons today have very little difference in appearance, especially with modern innovation.
Although modern day sleeper sofas and futons are practically the same in their dual function, the two still differ from each other. Aside from their origins, the two differ mainly in materials used and their construction. Their dimensions are also usually different. More about these dual purpose furniture and their differences are discussed further in the succeeding sections.
What is a Sleeper Sofa?
A sleeper sofa, also called a sofa bed – although the terms are sometimes subtly differentiated, is furniture that is designed primarily as a couch but can be converted into a bed by some mechanism such as hinges or springs. Although there have been many innovations on beds to make them portable or to save space, the first furniture that truly doubles as both a couch and a bed was invented in the 1930's and is credited to Bernard Castro, an Italian immigrant to the United States.
The cushions of sleeper sofas are typically made of foam, while the frame is mostly metal. Foam is a soft but stiff material, so the cushions are made of separate pieces. Some of the cushions are attached directly to the metal frame while the other pieces are detachable, to be placed side by side once the frame has been converted to a bed. While some sleeper sofa frames have a hinged mechanism that allows the backrest to be lowered, most frames have a pullout mechanism under the seat. This overall design makes the sleeping mattress only half as thick as when it is in couch mode and does not give optimum comfort for sleeping.
What is a Futon?
A futon is either the traditional Japanese style of bedding, or the futon sofa bed adapted by western culture – the two being very different. The traditional futon, used by the Japanese since ancient times, is only for sleeping and at its simplest is actually a set composed of mattress, duvet and pillow but without a bedframe. When not in use, traditional futons are first aired out in the open, and then stored in closets. Meanwhile, the western futon is basically a variant of the sleeper sofa invented by William Brouwer in the 1980's.
The futon mattress, whether the traditional or the western futon, is typically made of cotton and is all of one piece that can easily be folded or rolled. The frame is usually made of wood, with a backrest that can be lowered, and a footrest or a hidden deck under the seat that can be raised. The mattress is usually thinner than the cushions of a sleeper sofa in couch mode but thicker when converted into a bed, making the futon more comfortable for sleeping.
Difference between a Sleeper Sofa and a Futon
A sleeper sofa is any type of sofa that can be converted into a bed. A futon is either the traditional Japanese style of bedding composed of mattress, duvet and pillow, with no bedframe, or the adapted western futon which is basically a variant of the sofa bed.
Main function
A sleeper is mainly sitting furniture, with the bed as its second function. The futon is primarily a type of bedding with the mattress serving secondarily as a seat cushion for a sofa.
The first truly dual function sleeper sofa was invented by Bernard Castro in the 1930's while the futon was adapted into western use by William Brouwer in the 1980's.
Mattress or cushions
A sleeper sofa cushion is typically made of foam; it is soft but stiff. It cannot be folded nor rolled; instead, it can be made into separate pieces. Futons are usually made of cotton, made of one piece and as such, they can be easy to fold or roll.
Frame designs
Sleeper sofas frame are usually made of metal and are of a pullout design, with the extension hidden under the seat. Western futon frames are typically wood made in a hinged design, with a backrest that can be lowered and a footrest or a hidden deck under the seat that can be raised.
Seating comfort
Sleeper sofas are usually more comfortable than futons as seats, with thicker seat cushions than futons.
Sleeping comfort
Sleeper sofas are less comfortable as beds since the mattress is thinner than that of futons when spread out.
Sleeper Sofas vs Futons
 - Sleeper sofas and futons are double purpose furniture that are very useful as both seats and beds in homes with limited space or as extra sleeping areas for guests staying overnight.
 - They are also cost saving furniture due to their dual function.
 - Sleeper sofas come in many designs but their main quality is that they are made as couches first before beds.
 - Futons are the traditional Japanese style of bedding composed of mattress, duvet and pillow, without a bedframe. It was a adapted into the western culture as a sleeper sofa, with the mattress serving as seat cushion.
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[3]Krino, Gary. "New-look futons are versatile and stylish." Orlando Sentinel. March 20, 1999. _URL_ (accessed October 30, 2019).
[4]Ramos, Maria. "What's a Japanese Futon?" Good Night's Rest. June 24, 2019. _URL_ (accessed October 30, 2019).
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Event Resources Constitution Contact Us
Welcome to Hong Kong Youth Care Association's website.
Our service areas include the followings:
 1. To help the poor out of poverty and contribute to the community;
 2. To assist the social security assistances and immigrant families to integrate to the society;
 3. To offer employment opportunities and on-job training to people in difficulties;
 4. To improve personal skills and living standard of chronically ill peoples and disables. So they have chances to self-reliance;
 5. To provide family support, child development and elderly care services;
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text:
Below guide will teach you How to Replace a Headlight Switch. Please follow the instructions carefully.
Things You'll Need:
- Headlight Switch
- 1/4 in. Drive Ratchet
- Trim Panel Removal Tool Set
- DIY Costs: Est. $52.55 parts only
- Shop Costs: Est. $141.06 parts and labor
- Put the ignition key to on position.
- Activate the headlight switch and check whether the headlights or fog lights are working or not.
- If lights don't turn on, check the fuse and bulbs. Then, make sure that the switch is getting proper power and earthed reasonably.
- If the power is reaching to the switch but not coming out then the fault is with switch.
- Switch off the key and disconnect the negative battery cable.
- Take the steering column cover off.
- Disconnect the electrical connectors from the switch.
- Take the old switch and install the new switch.
- Reconnect the electrical connectors and put back the steering column cover.
- Inspect the working of the headlights by turning the switch on.


FDA Approves the First Fully Automated Screening and Confirmatory Tests for Hepatitis B Surface Antigen
July 19, 2006
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today announced the approval of the first fully automated product that combines both screening and confirmatory tests for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). The Abbott PRISM HBsAg assay is approved to test people who donate blood, blood components, and organs for the hepatitis B virus. The test also may be used to screen blood from cadavers for organ and tissue donation. The Abbott PRISM HBsAg Confirmatory assay is approved for the confirmation of samples found to be reactive by the Abbott PRISM HBsAg assay. Currently, screening and confirmatory tests are performed separately.
"This automated test system increases the efficiency and convenience of screening blood, tissue and organ donors for the hepatitis B virus," said Jesse Goodman, MD, MPH, director of FDA's Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research. "Improvements in blood donor screening and testing over the last few years have helped make the nation's blood supply safer from infectious diseases than it has been at any other time."
Hepatitis B is caused by a virus that infects the liver. The virus, which is transmitted by blood, can, in some cases, cause lifelong infection, cirrhosis of the liver, liver cancer, liver failure and death. A blood test is the only way to determine if a donor has hepatitis B infection.
The Abbott PRISM HBsAg tests are fully automated, reducing the potential for operator errors. They are also tamper-resistant, with redundant checks to ensure integrity of the testing system, and highly sensitive and specific for detection of HBsAg.
Source: FDA


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Porcupines are by nature nocturnal creatures. That does not mean that you cannot spot a porcupine in the daytime. Sometimes the African Porcupine can be seen in daytime. Porcupines walking around in daytime usually have some business to attend to, be it migration or mating. Porcupines mate in autumn time. The porcupine will stand on it hind legs and make whining, moaning or grunting noises. A male porcupine will drench his desired female in his urine. If the female takes to the male, she will stand on her hind legs and allow the male to embrace her. She leads the way by raising her tail and disarming her quills, allowing the male safe excess. North American porcupines breed only once every year.
Pregnant female porcupines carry their babies in the womb for 7 months. Baby porcupines are born fully equipped with a full set quills and eyes open. One female usually bares one baby porcupine. Baby porcupines can chew their own within a week but are also fed milk too. They hang around their mothers for about 4 to 5 months before moving on themselves. Porcupines are usually solitary creatures. Sometimes they come together for a feast in summer and in winter where they hang out in dens among rocks.


Rod ABD is guided by wheels at A and B that roll in horizontal
and vertical tracks. Knowing that at the instant β= 60° and
the velocity of wheel B is 40 in./s downward, determine (a) the
angular velocity of the rod, (b) the velocity of point D. distance between B, D is 15 in. and the distance between A, B is 15 in.


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Section 41. A railroad corporation, for the purpose of building a branch or extension, or of aiding in the construction of another railroad, or of taking stock in a grain elevator corporation in the organization of which it is an associate, or of erecting and operating grain elevators within the commonwealth, or of building depots, or of abolishing grade crossings, or of making permanent investments or improvements, or of funding its floating debt, or of refunding its funded debt, or for the payment of money borrowed for any lawful purpose, or for other necessary and lawful purposes, may, from time to time, in accordance with sections forty-seven and forty-eight, increase its capital stock or bonds beyond the amounts fixed and limited by its agreement of association or its charter, or by any special law.
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Australian Bush Birds
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Index of Common Names and Scientific Names
The index lists scientific and widely used common names of birds in alphabetical order.
Clicking on an index entry containing both common name and scientific name opens the description for that species.
Clicking on an index entry containing only the common name for a group of bird (e.g. "Tern") opens the identification thumbsheet for that group of birds.


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What is the countdown timer and when will it display?
Promotions typically have an expiration date. Let your shoppers know how much longer they have to take advantage of the promotion that's in front of them. Remember, the banner is dynamic so the countdown timer will only appear when it needs to, based on your settings.
The countdown requires the following conditions to be displayed in your banner:
- The countdown must be enabled in the settings.
- The Shopify discount being displayed must have an end date specified or an end date must be specified in the banner settings under Default banner.
- The end date must be within the time period specified in Start countdown within.


Thursday, February 23, 2017
Etymology "Red Neck"
Etymology: The study of the origins of words.
On the hunt
From Wikipedia
The term redneck is a derogatory term chiefly used for a rural poor white person of the Southern United States. Its usage is similar in meaning to cracker, hillbilly (especially regarding Appalachia and the Ozarks), and white trash
"Hold my beer?" What kind of idijiot do you think I am? Nobody holds MY beer but me.
Well, that is their story.
But consider that English has many words of Germanic origin via its Saxon roots.
Have you every heard of "Reineke"? Sounds a bit like Red Neck, doesn't it? the main character in a literary cycle of allegorical Dutch, English, French and German fables. Those stories are largely concerned with (Reineke), an anthropomorphic red fox and trickster figure. His adventures usually involve him deceiving other anthropomorphic animals for his own advantage or trying to avoid retaliations from them. His main enemy and victim across the cycle is his uncle, the wolf Isengrim (or Ysengrim). While the character of (Reineke) appears in later works, the core stories were written during the Middle Ages by multiple authors and are often seen as parodies of medieval literature such as courtly love stories and chansons de geste, as well as a satire of political and religious institutions.
So what we have here predates the Br'er Rabbit stories. The humor is rich....White man's Rednecky is a fox. Black Man's Br'er is a rabbit. The same character and many of the same stories.
The etymology of the word "Rednecky" itself, as I like to think of him, is old German for "made hard by the gods" or "denoting someone who is wise, clever, or resourceful" depending on the authority you prefer. Both work for me. Both describe most of the "Red Necks" I know.
Those who would reject it on the basis that "there is no evidence" cannot present evidence that it is not true. In fact, there IS evidence that my etymology is the true origin. If you doubt it, reread the last paragraph and consider that some of the Br'er Rabbit stories sound much like the Red Necky stories told by slave owners. As the fox is to the wolf, the rabbit is to the fox.
 1. Actually the first use of the term redneck was after the mining strikes in West Virginia where the rebel miners wore red scarves around their necks so the other fight would know who was on their side.
 2. And here I thought it was all about (Very) white Scot Irish immigrants getting sunburned necks working outside every day.
 Actually still think it's that.
 1. That is the version that was shared with me.
 My reaction, at the time, was that everybody who works outside in the sun on a regular basis wears hats. Even those swarthy, migrant laborers in not-so-sunny Michigan wear hats out in the onion fields.
 You would have to be very, very stupid, or very, very poor to not wear a hat when everybody else was wearing one.


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Dailo meaning in English
Meaning of "Dailo"Viewed 862 times |
Get English meaning of word 'dailo'. Know Dailo in English. Get the translation of dailo in English language. Know the answer of question: What is the meaning of dailo in English language? You will find the English word for Nepali word 'dailo'. You can use this Nepali word in your daily life. Dailo is a Nepali word.


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The Great River Regional Waste Authority Sanitary Landfill Phase 1 municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF) unit stopped receiving waste in 1993, and post-closure care began following closure. However, the 30-year post-closure period did not officially begin until 2006. Compliance activities including groundwater sampling, active leachate collection via numerous extraction wells, ambient air monitoring, and final cover maintenance were on-going for the Phase 1 MSWLF unit.
Results from Evora Consulting's Landfill Compliance Program:
Evora Consulting identified the Phase 1 MSWLF unit as a candidate to move towards ending post-closure care. Our team met with the Iowa Department of Natural Resources to discuss a path forward in a manner that would allow ending post-closure maintenance with fewer on-going requirements. This included switching to Appendix I analyses for groundwater samples, turning off the leachate extraction pumps and measuring leachate level recovery along with regular inspection for possible leachate seeps, installation of subsurface landfill gas monitoring probes, and delineation of portions of the waste boundary.
The Great River Regional Waste Authority received compliance requirement changes which included:
- Approval to temporarily cease leachate collection from the Phase 1 MSWLF unit – pumps were turned off in 2015 and data has not indicated they will need to be turned back on.
- Approval to change from the previous groundwater analytical program to Appendix I parameters as well as to begin utilizing a more powerful statistical method. The collection of meaningful data and statistical evaluation allowed for groundwater sampling and reporting to be deferred until further notice.
- Approval to change from ambient air monitoring to subsurface gas monitoring to determine if landfill gas was migrating off-site. Based on the consistent measurements below action levels, subsurface methane monitoring is deferred until further notice.
- Post-closure cost estimate was reduced by a significant amount, decreasing the overall financial assurance cost estimate for the site as a whole.
Compliance Program Cost Savings Estimated to Date at: $17,000/ annually


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I am working on the statement " A graph $G$ is a $nKn$ (collection of $n$ number of complete graph each of order $n$) graph if and only if $\bar{G}$ is $α(G) = α(\bar{G}) = n$ and $(p-n)$-regular, where $p$ is the order of $G$ and $α(G)$ is the independence number of $G$ with $n\geqslant 1$."
The converse part seem to be a confusion. Kindly help me with it.
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Perhaps you could edit the meaning of $a(G)$ into your question. – Gerry Myerson May 9 '12 at 12:58
α(G) is the independence number of G – James Alex May 9 '12 at 14:07
I'm not sure I'm understanding the question properly. Can you clarify why the graph $G$ consisting of a 3-cycle and a 4-cycle would not be a counterexample? It would seem to satisfy $n=3$, $p=7$, but it is obviously not a $3K_3$. – Will Orrick May 10 '12 at 16:48
_USER_ The graph you mentioned is 2 regular, not (7-3)=4 regular. – Graphth May 10 '12 at 20:20
_USER_ : Hmmm. I had understood that it was $\overline{G}$ that was required to be $(p-n)$-regular, rather than $G$. Perhaps this is the root of my confusion. I'm now not sure that I understand how $3K_3$ is defined. Wouldn't $p$ equal 9 in that case, and $G$ have to be 6-regular? – Will Orrick May 10 '12 at 21:41
1 Answer 1
(Extended compilation of comments.)
While it is true that the disjoint union of $n$ copies of $K_n$ has the properties
 1. $\alpha(G)=\alpha(\overline G)=n$ (where $\alpha$ is the independence number)
 2. $\overline{G}$ is $p-n$ regular (where $p$ is the number of vertices of $G$)
the converse is not true. not every graph with properties 1 and 2. Will Orrick gave the following counterexample in comments: let $G$ be the disjoint union of two cycles $C_3 $ and $C_4$; then $\alpha(G)=\alpha(\overline G)=3$ and $\overline{G}$ is $4$-regular where $4=7-3$.
Brian M. Scott then observed that if $\alpha(\overline G)=n$ is strengthened to
(*) every maximal independent set in $\overline G$ has cardinality $n$
then the conclusion $G=nK_n$ follows. Indeed, (*) says that every maximal clique of $G$ has cardinality $n$. Therefore, every vertex is contained in a copy of $K_n$. Since $G$ is $n$-regular (by virtue of 2), it is a disjoint union of some copies of $K_n$. The condition $\alpha(G)=n$ places the number of the copies of $K_n$ at $n$.
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12 Year Nigerian Boy – Chika Ofili Discovers New Maths Formula in UK4 min read
Nigeria Chika Ofili Discovers Maths Formula.
A 12-year-old Nigerian boy, Chika Ofili, has been recognised by the Westminster Under School, London in the United Kingdom for discovering a new mathematical formula in solving number divisibility especially of 7.
He has since been honoured and presented with the TruLittle Hero Award for his academic record in Maths.
The Westminster Under School is an independent preparatory school for boys aged 7 to 13, in the heart of London.
In a test assessed by Miss Mary Ellis, his Mathematics teacher, who is also the author of 'The Aliens Have Landed and 174 Other Problems,' Chika was able to solve a divisibility problem associated with number 7 in mathematics.
MEET TANITOLUWA ADEWUNMI, NIGERIAN BOY WHO WON NEW YORK CHESS COMPETITION
According to her, "Something very exciting happened last Friday when one of my pupils, Chika Ofili, popped into the classroom and asked if he could tell me something he had thought of over the summer holidays. I was intrigued.
"I had given him a book called First Steps for Problem Solvers (published by the UKMT) to look at over the holidays and inside the book was a list of the divisibility tests, which are used to quickly work out whether a number is exactly divisible by either 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 before you actually start dividing. Except that there was no test listed for checking divisibility by 7.
"The reason why it was missing is because there is no easy or memorable test for dividing by 7, or so I thought!
"In a bored moment, Chika had turned his mind to the problem and this is what he came up with. He realised that if you take the last digit of any whole number, multiply it by 5 and then add this to the remaining part of the number, you will get a new number. And it turns out that if this new number is divisible by 7, then the original number is divisible by 7. What an easy test!"
Ellis added that Chika demonstrated his test in class, saying "no one could find a counter-example to disprove it."
For example, take the number 532 53 + 2 x 5 = 63 63 is a multiple of 7, so 532 is a multiple of 7 (and therefore divisible by 7) or take the number 987 98 + 7 x 5 = 133 13 + 3 x 5 = 28 28 is a multiple of 7, so both 133 and 987 are multiples of 7.
In fact, if you actually keep going, you will always end up with either 7 or 49, if the original number is divisible by 7. For example, take the number 2996 299 + 6 x 5 = 329 32 + 9 x 5 = 77 7 + 7 x 5 = 42 4 + 2 x 5 = 14 1 + 4 x 5 = 21 2 + 1 x 5 = 7 7 is a multiple of 7 and so is 21, 14, 42, 77, 329 and the original number 2996.
The opposite is also true in that if you don't end up with a multiple of 7, then the original number is not divisible by 7. For example, take the number 114 11 + 4 x 5 = 31 3 + 1 x 5 = 8 And since 8 is clearly not divisible by 7, neither is 31 nor our original number 114.
"But mathematically, we needed to find a proof. Once a theorem is proved mathematically it will always be true. Pythagoras proved his famous theorem over 2,500 years and when he died, he knew it would never be disproved. It is important to realise that a result cannot be proved by finding thousands or even millions of results which support it.
"I woke up early on Saturday morning still thinking about Chika's test and rang my younger brother, Simon Ellis, who also happens to teach Maths, and asked him if he had ever come across the test. He hadn't and immediately set about trying to write a proof.
"An hour later, he sent me a watertight algebraic proof! He also discovered that the test works if you start by multiplying the last digit by 12, 19, 26, 33 … and then add it to the remaining part of the number. And furthermore, it works if you double the last digit and then subtract it from the remaining part of the number, of if you multiply the last digit by 9, 16, 23, 30…and subtract. And actually the doubling and subtracting test can be easily found on the internet.
"But we both agreed multiplying the last digit by 5 and adding it to the remaining part of the number is much more appealing!
"Mr O'Donnell urged me to tell the school about Chika's discovery, so an impromptu demonstration followed in Monday's assembly. We are now trying to figure out how to make this test more widely known, as it is so simple that it really should be taught alongside the other divisibility tests," Ellis said.
(See the link to the school's website: _URL_
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Content Strategy + Information Architecture = Customer Success
Content strategy and information architecture are two different disciplines that work together to create customer success. Information architect Amber Swope and Content Strategist Chris Hibbard share some methodologies and processes, best practices, and insights on how content strategy and information architecture work together to help make client projects succeed.
Can You Afford to Do It Twice? Know When to Use Experts to Help With Your DITA Implementation.
Moving to a new source format, such as DITA, is a major project and one to not be undertaken lightly. When companies that are fiscally constrained approach a move to XML, their teams should understand when to utilize expert assistance.
Everyday IA: Episode 7
Everyday IA Episode 7 is all about the IA Checklist. Learn why and how to use the IA Checklist as a tool for capturing and easily referencing a high-level decision summary of your information architecture.
Introduction to DITA (Darwin Information Typing Architecture)
DITA is an Architecture. It's an XML framework that provides mechanisms for organizing content. I want to be very clear: DITA is not a tool, nor is it an application – it is an architecture, and that means that there are many different ways to use it and there are many different tools that support it.
Everyday IA: Episode 6
In the sixth episode of our Everyday IA podcast series, Amber Swope explains how you can use the Deliverable Structure Diagram, a component of the Information Architecture Blueprint™ Toolkit, to define the structure of each deliverable type, capture visual analysis, and convey the structure of information.
Everyday IA: Episode 5
In episode 5 of our Everyday IA podcast series, Amber Swope talks about why she created the Deliverable Analysis Worksheet as part of the Information Architecture Blueprint™ Toolkit. Amber explains how you can use it to define the purpose and requirements for each deliverable type.
Everyday IA: Episode 4
Everyday IA Episode 4 focuses on the content deliverable matrix: what it is and how you can use it. Amber explains how to use the content deliverable matrix to analyze where content appears in deliverables, either in multiple deliverables of the same type or in different deliverables that serve the same audience.
Everyday IA: Episode 3
In the third episode of our Everyday IA podcast series, Amber Swope shares how you can use the Information Architecture Blueprint Toolkit™ templates to perform a formatting audit of your content.
Everyday IA: Episode 2
In the second episode of our Everyday IA podcast series, Amber Swope explains how to get started with your content analysis using some of the analysis templates in the Information Architecture Blueprint Toolkit™.
Everyday IA: Episode 1
In the first episode of our Everyday IA podcast series, Amber Swope discusses the Information Architecture Blueprint Toolkit™ and explains why she created it, who can use it, and what makes it a valuable product.
Sharing content across the enterprise
As part of the Stilo DITA Knowledge Series, Amber Swope discusses using content collections to share content across the enterprise. Learn how to identify the requirements for the collection, determine the collection scope, and collaborate with other stakeholders to build and manage the collection.
Information Architecture Resources
There are many resources out there for learning about information architecture (IA) – here are Amber's recommendations.
Episode 2, Part 3: Becoming an Information Architect
In the final episode of our three-part series, Becoming an Information Architect, Amber Swope addresses the overarching question: how can you become an IA, and what does it take to get there?
Episode 2, Part 2: Becoming an Information Architect
In Part 2 of our three-part series, Becoming an Information Architect, Amber Swope discusses how to define the role of IA and what kinds of tasks the role of an IA demands.
Episode 2, Part 1: Becoming an Information Architect
In the first of our three-part series, Becoming an Information Architect, Amber Swope introduces the survey that DITA Strategies sent out on September of 2017: why we made it, what questions the survey asked, and what kinds of responses we gathered from 35 information architects.
Using Structured XML to Power your Learning Content
Dawn Stevens, President of Comtech Services, and Amber Swope, President of DITA Strategies, explain how DITA can provide the structured foundation for your learning initiatives.
Advanced Techniques for Customer-Centric Delivery of Product Information
Join Amber Swope, President, DITA Strategies and Chip Gettinger, VP Global Solutions Consulting, SDL to learn about advanced techniques for managing and sharing structured content.
Automate to Stay Up-to-Date: 5 Ways to Maintain Your Training Content
Amber addresses one of the major challenges to developing and delivering training content today: "How do I keep my training content up to date?"
Optimizing your DITA Content Model for Translation
Are you translating DITA content? If so, are you getting the expected results?
There are many resources out there for learning about the Darwin Information Typing Architecture (DITA) – here are Amber's recommendations.
Episode 1: Meet DITA Strategies
DITA Strategies President and DITA Specialist, Amber Swope, introduces the company and explains how DITA and information architecture can help you.
Four Best Practices for Sharing Content Across Departments using DITA
Your company's teams may produce similar or identical content, but do they share that content?
DITA Maturity Model
Have you ever wondered what investment you need to make in DITA to get specific business value benefits?
DITA XML as Neutral Content Source for Educational Publishers
The information landscape has changed drastically in the past decade, and learners' expectations of how they interact with content have changed along with it.


Why Ordinary People Kill
One of the more pressing questions I consistently get asked about genocides and mass atrocity is: What would motivate an individual to kill their neighbor? Understanding the answer holds the key to end genocides and mass atrocity.
In August, former University of Minnesota graduate student, and current Ohio State professor, Hollie Nyseth Brehm's work was cited in an article in the magazine ScienceNews. In it, Dr. Nyseth-Brehm suggests that the popular belief that your average citizen kills their neighbor because they were ordered to do so often misses the mark. Citing work by Dr. Nyseth Brehm, the author, Bruce Bower, suggests that people who kill during genocide are motivated by patriotism and the need to protect the homeland from perceived enemies. In the case of Rwanda these enemies were Tutsis. Additionally, killings occur sometimes not because of some high ideal of the amorphous notion of nationhood, rather it is motivated by wanting to pilfer property held by the group identified as "Other". Another reason why people kill their neighbors is because their family members or friends have already killed. Thus, people may kill because of peer pressure both within the home and their social circles. Furthermore, Bruce also finds that there are differences in gender when looking at the rate of killing and points out that in Rwanda "Hutu women killed on a much smaller scale that the men did".
Dr. Nyseth Brehm's work also highlights the importance of understanding genocide and violence as a micro-level event that is affected and structured by local conditions. One benefit of taking this approach is finding that violence during the Rwandan genocide was often worse in areas where a large number of the population was educated. Here, again, we are confronted with the reality that sometimes education is not the panacea to limiting intensity of violence.
j. Siguru Wahutu is a 2017-2018 visiting fellow at the Berkman Klein Center for Internet and Society at Harvard University and a Ph.D. candidate in the Sociology Department at the University of Minnesota. He was the 2013-2014 and the 2015 Bernard and Fern Badzin Graduate Fellow in Holocaust and Genocide Studies at the Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies (University of Minnesota).
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Decoloration of Methylene Blue Via Mesoporous Silica Microspheres Doped with TiO2
Mesoporous silica microsphere was prepared by microwave hydrothermal synthesis，using hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as template agent and tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as silica source. And mesoporous silica microspheres doped with TiO2 was prepared by sol-gel method. They were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and N2 adsorption-desorption analysis. Then methylene blue decoloration test was investigated to verify the mechanism proposed elsewhere, with respect to concentration, amount of samples, pH and light illumination. Results indicate that low concentration, large amounts of samples, alkaline and UV illumination are more favorable to adsorption, and TiO2/MSM has higher decoloration rate than MSM.
Zhong Cao, Yinghe He, Lixian Sun and Xueqiang Cao
H. J. Wei et al., "Decoloration of Methylene Blue Via Mesoporous Silica Microspheres Doped with TiO2", Advanced Materials Research, Vols. 236-238, pp. 2166-2171, 2011


What The Heck Is Nergi Fruit?
The latest superfood has lots of nutrients. But find out how you can serve, eat and snack on delicious Nergi fruit berries.
What are Nergi berries?
It is small, green and tasty. Nergi fruit look like grapes on the outside. On the inside, it's more like kiwi. And the taste is kind of a mix of both.
So, why haven't we seen these in stores until recently? Well, because Nergi fruit aren't native to Canada (surprise, surprise!).
The berries, a.k.a. kiwi berries, are grown in France, Spain, Portugal, Italy and Ukraine, but they originate and are produced in Asia. And they are harvested in August and September, which is why the fall is the best time to buy them.
They're like strawberries, in that you should buy them when they are soft to touch. And, like most berries, you can eat the peel.
Here's how to eat Nergi
You can wash them and snack on them as you like. But they last three days at room temperature and a week when you keep them in the fridge or drawer. You can also add them to smoothies, salads and pretty much any dish you would add fruit to.
What are the nutritional benefits of Nergi?
Well, as a fruit, they're low in calories – 52 calories for about 10 berries. (One is about the size of a small plum.) And it's a good source of fibre, vitamin C and vitamin E. It does have sugar, as most fruits do, and are being touted for their energizing properties.
Ready to try some?
Like we said, you can just snack on them or add them to your favourite fruit recipes for a bit of sweetness. But, we also have these recipes so you can test them out. And they are totally instagrammable, too.


In 2009-2010 alone, at least 253 people died attempting to cross the southern AZ Border. Border Patrol practices in the desert routinely increase the risk of death in the desert by dispersing groups with helicopters, impeding search and rescue efforts, and vandalizing life-saving resources such as food, water, and blankets.


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Highlight: Stuttgarter Rössle / The Stuttgart Horse
The "Stuttgarter Rössle" – the emblem on the city's coat of arms – is a horse rampant: proud and vigorous, with fluttering mane and extended tail, untrammelled by saddle or bridle, it symbolises the city's development. Originally founded around 950 as a ducal stud farm, or Stuotgarten, Stuttgart has evolved over the centuries into today's bustling metropolis with its thriving economy and wealth of cultural diversity. In 1952 it became the capital of the newly-founded federal state of Baden-Württemberg. The horse has likewise undergone several changes in the course of time. Previously it had been portrayed striding, galloping or leaping against a silver background. The gold ground of the present blazon dates back to the year 1699 and the traditional colours of the House of Württemberg. The coat of arms finally arrived at its present form on 11th April 1938.


text: OBJECTIVE: To assess the agreement of fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the median nerve on 3.0T MR scanners from different vendors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: IRB approved study including 16 healthy volunteers (9 women; mean age 30.6±5.3 years). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of the dominant wrist was performed on three 3.0T MR scanners (GE, Siemens, Philips) using similar imaging protocols and vendor-proprietary hardand software. Intra-, inter-reader and inter-vendor agreements were assessed. RESULTS: ICCs for intra-/inter-reader agreements ranged from 0.843-0.970/0.846-0.956 for FA, and 0.840-0.940/0.726-0.929 for ADC, respectively. ANOVA analysis identified significant differences for FA/ADC measurements among vendors (p<0.001/p<0.01, respectively). Overall mean values for FA were 0.63 (SD±0.1) and 0.999x10(-3)mm(2)/s (SD±0.134x10(-3)) for ADC. A significant negative measurement bias was found for FA values from the GE scanner (-0.05 and -0.07) and for ADC values from the Siemens scanner (-0.053 and -0.063x10(-3)mm(2)/s) as compared to the remainder vendors CONCLUSION: FA and ADC values of the median nerve obtained on different 3.0T MR scanners differ significantly, but are in comparison to the standard deviation of absolute values small enough to not have an impact on larger group studies or when substantial diffusion changes can be expected. However, caution is warranted in an individual patient when interpreting diffusion values from different scanner acquisitions.


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Non-Contact and Contact Ultrasonic Detection of Fiber Orientation in Orthotropic Composite Laminates
Since layup orientation of the laminates greatly influences its properties, an NDE technique for layup orientation determination would be very beneficial. It is desirable to perform contact-less nondestructive evaluation to assess material properties and defects of composites because of permeation of coupling medium such as water. An ultrasonic technique would be very useful, which could be used to test the part after and before curing laminates and requires less time than the optical test. First of all, conventional ultrasonic experimentations were conducted using water as a transmitting medium. In contrast, air-coupled ultrasound is non-contact and has clear advantages over water-coupled testing. Therefore ultrasonic systems for air-coupled and conventional ultrasound were set out for different measurement modalities for acquiring ultrasonic signals as a function of in-plane azimuthal angle. Firstly, a manual scanner was built for making transmission measurements using a pair of normal-incidence shear wave transducers to find the effect of fiber misorientations of orthotropic composite laminates. With the transmitter and receiver on the same side of a laminates, Lamb waves were generated and used for the amplitude magnitude. As a result, it was confirmed that the influence of fiber direction in the laminates could be detected by the non-contacting or contacting inspection from one-side and the detectability was improved by using shaped tube for reducing the specular reflection on transmitting. Furthermore, a vector decomposition model was utilized for lay-up error of the orthotropic laminates. Finally, aircoupled results well corresponded somewhat to those of contact ultrasonic examination in the orthotropic laminates.
M.H. Aliabadi, Qingfen Li, Li Li and F.-G. Buchholz
I. Y. Yang et al., "Non-Contact and Contact Ultrasonic Detection of Fiber Orientation in Orthotropic Composite Laminates", Key Engineering Materials, Vols. 324-325, pp. 419-422, 2006