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Tips for Unmarried Parents Who Want to Raise Children Together
Not everyone who raises children wants to get married, even if they all live together happily under the same roof. But while living together as a married couple can be plenty complicated, especially if you have children, this is often magnified without the legal protections of marriage. But if you educate yourself and plan ahead, many of these complications can be avoided.
Below are some tips for unmarried parents who want to raise children together.
Ensure Both Unmarried Parents' Names Are on the Birth Certificate
One of the best tips for unmarried parents is to include both names on the birth certificate, thus ensuring that they're both the legal parents. This will give each parent legal rights and responsibilities such as custody rights, visitation rights, and child support.
Any child born to a married, opposite-sex couple is legally presumed to be the child of the husband. But when the parents are unmarried, there's no such presumption. Therefore, most states require unmarried fathers to sign an affidavit acknowledging their paternity. It's best that both parents sign and notarize a written statement acknowledging the unmarried father's paternity.
Your state's Bureau of Vital Statistics keeps records of all birth certificates. Check with your own state's bureau to make sure that your paternity affidavit is on file, which also is where you'll go to add a parent to your child's birth certificate.
Choose a Last Name of Your Liking
Most states allow any name to be placed on a child's birth certificate. This includes first, middle, and last names. The child doesn't have to take either of the parents' names, but can take one or the other -- or the two names can be hyphenated -- as the parents see fit.
Some parents even give one parent's last name as the child's middle name and the other parent's last name as the child's last name. If you need a little more time deciding, you can decide first and amend your child's birth certificate later through your state's Bureau of Vital Statistics.
Qualify Your Child for Eligible Government Benefits
As long as your name is included on the child's birth certificate, your biological and legal children are eligible for government benefits, like Social Security survivorship benefits, government pension, etc.
If your name isn't included on the birth certificate, your child might still be eligible for benefits, but they'll face the hassles of proving paternity. The key is proving paternity to the government agency, which is made simple through the birth certificate and/or paternity affidavit at the time of, or shortly after, your child's birth.
Unmarried Parents Adopting a Child
Most states allow unmarried parents to adopt children; however, this does not keep adoption agencies and social services from discriminating against unmarried couples. If you and your partner aren't married, you may have to do more work to prove to social services and government agencies that your home is stable enough to raise children.
When an unmarried couple adopts a child jointly, they're both the child's legal parents, with equal rights and responsibilities to the child. This is true even if the unmarried parents separate, in which case each parent has a right to ask the family court for custody, visitation, and child support from the other parent.
Adopting Your Partner's Child, When You're Not One of the Biological Parents
When someone who's not a biological parent adopts their partner's child, this is called a "second-parent adoption." These are most common in stepparent-stepchild scenarios. States also grant second-parent adoptions when a same-sex partner adopts their partner's child -- a common way for same-sex couples to raise families.
Second-parent adoptions, where the adopting parent is married to one of the biological parents, are commonly approved. The courts favor situations where the adopting couple is legally married and the child will continue living with the couple. Courts view such adoptions as improving the structure of the family, and thus, favor second-parent adoptions.
Second-parent adoptions by unmarried couples are less favored.
Unless parents have been deemed "unfit" by some legal process or have abandoned their child, they have a right to parent their own child. Because of this, second-parent adoptions cannot be granted unless one of the following applies:
 - Both of the child's legal parents consent
 - The noncustodial parent is deceased
 - The noncustodial parent has been deemed "unfit" by a court
 - The noncustodial parent has abandoned the child
Social services will determine whether a parent has abandoned the child or is unfit. If the noncustodial parent has paid support, maintained a relationship with the child, and in the case of the father, has signed a paternity affidavit, that parent must give consent before a second-parent adoption can be approved.
Once a second-parent adoption is successful, the adoptive parent has the same rights and duties as a biological parent. This means that if the couple ever separates, the adoptive parent has custody and visitation rights and a duty to support the child.
Claiming Children on Tax Forms
Only one parent can claim the children as dependents on their taxes if the parents are unmarried. Either unmarried parent is entitled to the exemption, so long as they support the child.
Typically, the best way to decide which parent should claim the child is to determine which parent has the higher income. The parent with the higher income will receive a bigger tax break. The parents can agree to split the tax return, even though only one parent is receiving it.
A Non-Parent Playing a Live-In Parental Role
Many times issues arise when a nonparent who is living with the child and acts as that child's parent regarding educational and medical decisions. The legality of this nonparent's authority to do this depends on several factors.
 - If the other legal parent is in the picture and shares joint legal custody, then he or she probably has priority to make medical decisions over the nonparent. This, of course, does not preclude the nonparent from being listed as the emergency contact person on important records, in case a legal parent is unavailable.
 - Since schools are legally liable for the safety and care of the children, they can only accept signatures and permission slips from the children's legal guardians. An unmarried partner of a legal parent probably does not qualify as a legal guardian.
 - Nonparents may be permitted to pick up children from school if a legal parent informs the school.
Contact your child's school and other authorities to find out what procedures are necessary to give nonparents their decision-making rights.
The Break-Up of Unmarried Parents: Parental Rights and Duties
If both parents are legal parents, biologically or through adoption, they each have an equal right to pursue custody. Neither parent can deprive the other of this right. Once one of the parents is granted custody, he or she cannot deprive the other of his or her visitation rights. If a parent fails to fulfill his or her parental duties, the court can terminate that parent's right to be considered a legal parent. The noncustodial parent must continue to be involved in the child's life through visitation and child support.
If an unmarried partner is not a legal parent of the child, they probably have no rights to even visit the child. However, unmarried partners can enter into a written agreement if they both want to a part of the child's life. This agreement should include visitation and support.
If an agreement can't be made and the nonparent wants to pursue rights in court, the outcome will be based on state law.
A best interest of the child standard is typically used, and thus, some states do grant visitation or custody to nonparents. However, many states, even though they may follow the best interest of the child standard, still favor the parents over nonparents. Check your own state's laws and consult an experienced family law attorney for answers and guidance to your situation.
Unmarried Parents Raising Children Together? Get Help With Your Legal Questions
If you still have questions or concerns after reading these tips for unmarried parents, you may need professional help. Whether planning for the future, or dealing with issues that have already arisen, getting professional legal help is a good first step in ensuring you have a voice in the important decisions impacting your child. Find a family law attorney near you today to learn more.
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/SQL/ServiceBroker/Error' BEGIN PRINT N'_URL_ ; DECLARE _USER_ INT ; DECLARE _USER_ NVARCHAR(4000) ; WITH XMLNAMESPACES ('_URL_ AS ssb) SELECT _USER_ = CAST(_USER_ AS XML).value('(//ssb:Error/ssb:Code)', 'INT'), _USER_ = CAST(_USER_ AS XML).value('(//ssb:Error/ssb:Description)', 'NVARCHAR(4000)'); RAISERROR(N'Received error Code:%i Description:"%s"', 16, 1, _USER_, _USER_) WITH LOG; -- Insert your error handling code here END CONVERSATION _USER_; END ELSE -- in case of end dialog message - close conversation IF _USER_ = N'_URL_ BEGIN PRINT N'_URL_ ; END CONVERSATION _USER_; END END TRY BEGIN CATCH IF (@@TRANCOUNT>0) ROLLBACK TRAN --error handling code here END CATCH end GO
The following code shows how to reconfigure and set internal activation procedure on both conversation sides:
--run sql statements in sqlcmd mode on the source and target db instances with correct parameters. :on error exit :setvar ServerName
:setvar DatabaseName --sqlcmd command to open connection to a db server :CONNECT $(ServerName) GO use $(DatabaseName) GO --sql code to amend the queue to invoke message processing routine. ALTER QUEUE [dbo].[SampleQueue] WITH ACTIVATION ( STATUS = ON, PROCEDURE_NAME = [dbo].[InternalActivationProcedure], MAX_QUEUE_READERS = 2, EXECUTE AS N'dbo' )
MAX_QUEUE_READERS option configures the SQL Server system settings to run anywhere from 0 to 32,767 parallel processes. The greater the number of parallel processes that you have running, the faster that messages can be processed. However, you should run no more than one parallel processes per CPU core on the server so that you don't overload the CPUs.
The following t-sql code shows how to disable/enable internal activation on the queue:
use DestinationDB GO --disable internal activation ALTER QUEUE [SampleQueue] WITH RETENTION = OFF, ACTIVATION ( DROP ) GO --enable internal activation ALTER QUEUE [SampleQueue] WITH RETENTION = OFF, ACTIVATION (STATUS = ON, PROCEDURE_NAME = dbo.InternalActivationProcedure, MAX_QUEUE_READERS = 2, EXECUTE AS 'dbo' ) GO
Once our previously sent message with order information is processed by dbo.InternalActivationProcedure sp, data will appear on the DestinationDB.dbo.Order table. Lets check the result by querying the table :
use DestinationDB GO select * from dbo.[Order]
Use sql server dmvs to check service-broker configuration on both sides of service-broker communication. The following system views can help to troubleshoot your solutions:
--run sql statements in sqlcmd mode on source or target db with correct parameters. :on error exit :setvar ServerName
:setvar DatabaseName --sqlcmd command to open connection to a db server :CONNECT $(ServerName) GO use $(DatabaseName) GO SELECT * FROM sys.databases SELECT * FROM sys.routes SELECT * FROM sys.tcp_endpoints SELECT * FROM sys.service_broker_endpoints SELECT * FROM sys.dm_broker_activated_tasks SELECT * FROM sys.dm_broker_connections SELECT * FROM sys.dm_broker_forwarded_messages SELECT * FROM sys.dm_broker_queue_monitors SELECT * FROM sys.transmission_queue SELECT * FROM sys.service_broker_endpoints SELECT * FROM sys.certificates SELECT * FROM sys.conversation_endpoints
Starting SQL Server 2008 R2, Microsoft provides ssbdiagnose utility that can help to troubleshoot issues in service broker conversations and service configuration.
One of the main challenges with asynchronous application design is to ensure that messages are processed in order. Service Broker dialog protocol ensures the exactly-once-in-order(EOIO) message delivery on a conversation. It allows sql developer to focus on application business logic rather than on message transmission mechanism. In general, Service Broker provides an easy-to-use, asynchronous message processing platform for building highly-scalable applications that do not require an immediate response to the command that is executed. It handles the most difficult tasks involved in writing messaging applications. These difficult tasks include message coordination, reliable message delivery, locking, and starting queue readers, etc. It gives you power to manage the entire infrastructure required to build asynchronous distributed systems. It should be now clear how to configure basic service broker solution in order to harness the power of technically reliable, consistent, robust, efficient, asynchronous message queuing and processing mechanism and start developing highly available, scalable solutions.
Here are the list of useful links that might help you learn more:

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Website Content Contributions
Introduction to Equilibrium Thermodynamics: Salt Dissolution part of Cutting Edge:Courses:Geochemistry:Activities
Students dissolve simple salts, halite and sylvite, in water at different temperatures and explore the thermodynamics of this simple system to build a foundation for further studies.
Geochemistry all around us part of Cutting Edge:Geochemistry:Activities
We look at a variety of natural waters in and around Appleton over the course of the term. The goal is for students to recognize differences and how those play into the topics we have covered in the course.


What is a Granulator
It only takes a Google search on the internet to find out that the word "Granulator" is one of the most widely used terms in the size reduction industry and perhaps, one of the most misused terms. In my most recent search for the word "granulator", I was not surprised to find that only a few of the results were from companies that actually offer true granulators. The vast majority of the results were from companies who simply use the word to attract people to their websites. Once you click on their link, you quickly find out that what they are calling a granulator is in reality something else; often a shredder, usually single shaft in nature or a grinder, both of which produce significantly different outputs than that of a granulator. Caution!! Selecting one of those machines to handle what is truly a granulating process can end up being a frustrating endeavor and possibly a costly mistake.
Granulator Background
With that in mind, to understand what a true granulator (or granulating process) is, we need to take into account the definition of the word. Originally, to granulate something was to turn a larger component into a "grain". Thus the name Granulator was given to any equipment that could take a larger component and reduce it to a grain sized output; perhaps on the level of corn meal or below. Sadly for those who have size reduction needs, the fact that the word has been attached to equipment other than granulators has greatly confused its usage and likely caused many to purchase equipment that simply is not capable of optimal production for a granulation process. Granted, the ability of any machine to produce a specific output is based on the material being reduced, it remains that granulators have a very specific purpose and place that no other machine can compete with.
So, how do we define a Granulator in today's size reduction market?
Granulators Defined
Simply put, a Granulator is a high speed, normally open rotor knife mill designed to take larger components of feed stock (such as plastics, bottles, organics, etc…) and reduce them to a particle size of approximately 40 mesh to 1/8" chip. And while many granulators are used for processing of material outputs of greater than 1/8", it still remains that their primary place is in the reduction to the finer grains.
While that may be an overly simplistic definition, it does comprise the most common usage of equipment. And it should also be noted that other styles do exist, such as closed rotor designs, higher production models and really, a multitude of similarly designed rotors, however; even with these options which are often to facilitate differing feed stocks – the output of a granulator still remains close to the same sizing.
Make the Right Choice
Confused about your application? At Jordan Reduction Solutions, we manufacture Granulators, Shredders and Grinders – and the output of each differs substantially. Therefore, if you're not certain of exactly what your equipment needs are, contact our engineers and they can quickly assess your needs and help you determine if a granulator is right for you.


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Storey, Moorfield, 1845–1929, American lawyer, b. Roxbury, Mass., grad. Harvard, 1866. He attended Harvard law school and was admitted (1869) to the bar. He was (1867–69) secretary to Charles Sumner and thereafter practiced law in Boston. Noted for his reform leanings, he fought political corruption, opposed American colonial expansion, and sought the advancement of African Americans and Native Americans in the United States. He was president of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People from 1910 until his death.
See biography by M. A. De Wolfe Howe (1932); study by W. B. Hixson (1972).
More on Moorfield Storey from Fact Monster:
See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History: Biographies

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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This example teaches you how to create a histogram in Excel.
1. First, enter the bin numbers (upper levels).
2. On the Data tab, click Data Analysis.
Note: can't find the Data Analysis button? Click here to load the Analysis ToolPak add-in.
3. Select Histogram and click OK.
4. Select the range A2:A19.
5. Click in the Bin Range box and select the range C3:C7.
6. Click the Output Range option button, click in the Output Range box and select cell F3.
7. Check Chart Output.
8. Click OK.
9. Click the legend on the right side and press Delete.
10. Properly label your bins.
11. To remove the space between the bars, right click a bar, select Format Data Series and change the Gap Width to 0%. Select Border Color to add a border.
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Better Students Ask More Questions.
How many roots in equation sinx=sin2x in 0,2pie?
1 Answer | add yours
You need to solve the trigonometric equation sin x = sin 2x.
Notice that moving sin 2x to the left side yields a difference of two like functions, hence you may use transformation of like functions in products such that:
'sin x - sin 2x = 2 (cos (x+2x)/2)*(sin (x - 2x)/2)'
'sin x - sin 2x = 2 (cos (3x)/2)* (sin(-x)/2)'
Use the fact that sine function is odd such that:
'sin x - sin 2x = -2 (cos (3x)/2)* (sin(x)/2)'
If 'sin x - sin 2x = 0 =gt -2 (cos (3x)/2)* (sin(x)/2) = 0'
'cos (3x)/2 = 0 =gt (3x)/2 = cos^(-1) 0'
'' '3x/2 = pi/2 =gt x = pi/3'
You need to remember that values of cosine function are positive in the fourth quadrant, hence x = '2pi - pi/3' => x = '5pi/3'.
sin 'x/2' = 0 => 'x/2' = 0 => x = 0
The problem does no tell if the values 0 or 2pi are accepted, hence, considering these values accepted, the number of solutions to this equation is 3: 'x = 0, x = pi/3, x = 5pi/3'.
Posted by sciencesolve on January 11, 2012 at 10:00 PM (Answer #1)
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Benefits of Data Recorders
Data recorders, also known as black boxes, have become an essential tool in various industries. These devices are designed to capture and store crucial data during specific events or activities. The insights gained from data recorders enable companies and organizations to make informed decisions, improve safety standards, and enhance overall operations. Let's take a closer look at the benefits of successful data recorder implementation.
Enhanced Safety Measures
One significant advantage of data recorders is their ability to enhance safety measures. In the transportation industry, for example, data recorders in vehicles can capture data related to speed, braking, and other critical parameters. This information can be used to analyze and identify potential safety risks, allowing companies to take necessary precautions and prevent accidents. By monitoring and analyzing data from data recorders, industries can proactively implement safety measures and reduce the likelihood of mishaps. To expand your knowledge of the subject, visit this recommended external website. In it, you'll find valuable information and additional details that will further enrich your reading experience. Unearth here!
Accurate Incident Analysis
Data recorders play a vital role in accurately analyzing incidents. In the aviation industry, for instance, flight data recorders (FDRs) help investigators understand the circumstances leading up to an accident or incident. These devices capture data such as altitude, airspeed, and flight control inputs, providing valuable insights to investigators. By examining the recorded data, experts can reconstruct events and determine the causes of accidents, ultimately leading to improved safety protocols and prevention strategies.
Data recorders can significantly contribute to operational optimization. In manufacturing plants, for example, data recorders can collect information on machine performance, production rates, and energy consumption. By analyzing this data, companies can identify inefficiencies, streamline processes, and reduce production costs. The insights gained from data recorders enable organizations to make data-driven decisions, improve productivity, and optimize resource allocation.
Legal and Compliance Requirements
Data recorders also fulfill legal and compliance requirements in various industries. In the healthcare sector, for instance, electronic health record (EHR) systems serve as data recorders, capturing patient information, diagnoses, and treatment plans. These records not only facilitate accurate diagnoses and treatment but also comply with legal requirements, such as patient privacy laws. Implementing data recorders ensures that organizations adhere to regulatory frameworks and maintain the necessary documentation to meet legal obligations.
Real-time Monitoring and Alerts
Many data recorders offer real-time monitoring and alerts, empowering organizations to respond swiftly to critical events. In the energy sector, for example, data recorders can track power consumption, voltage levels, and equipment performance. If anomalies or issues are detected, alerts can be immediately generated, allowing technicians to address and resolve the problems promptly. Real-time monitoring and alerts facilitate proactive maintenance, minimizing downtime, and optimizing operations. Enhance your reading and broaden your understanding of the topic with this handpicked external material for you. Data Logger _URL_, discover new perspectives and additional information!
Data recorders have proven to be invaluable tools for successful implementation across various industries. From enhancing safety measures and accurate incident analysis to operational optimization and legal compliance, data recorders provide crucial insights that empower organizations to make informed decisions and improve overall efficiency. As technology advances, data recorders will continue to evolve, enabling businesses and industries to achieve higher levels of performance and safety.
Want to know more about this subject? Visit the related posts we've chosen to further enrich your reading:


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The Center for Integrated Seismicity Research (CISR) at The University of Texas at Austin (UT) is a multidisciplinary, trans-college research center managed by the Bureau of Economic Geology (BEG). The overall goals of CISR are to conduct fundamental and applied research to better understand naturally occurring and potentially induced seismicity and the associated risks. The research is designed to understand the subsurface processes that may influence seismicity, quantify and reduce risk to the citizens and infrastructure of Texas, and improve standards of practice to mitigate seismicity that may stem from industrial activity. Effective strategies will be developed for communicating with stakeholders and responding to public concerns regarding seismicity. CISR is funded by the State of Texas through the TexNet Seismic Monitoring Project and also by industrial associate partners.
CISR's research areas include including seismology, geologic characterization, reservoir modeling, seismic hazard and risk assessment, and seismic risk social science. TexNet funding supports research projects in seismology, geologic characterization, and reservoir modeling via the 2015 TexNet legislation. Through an industrial associate program at the BEG, the petroleum industry participates in CISR allowing us to maintain a more robust science program across all of the research themes, resulting in a more integrated and application-driven science program. The success of CISR to generate transformational science relies on our industry partners to share their datasets, expertise, and perspectives.
The TexNet Seismic Network and associated research is led by Principal Investigators Dr. Peter Hennings, Dr. Ellen Rathje, and Dr. Alexandros Savvaidis. This research collaboration spans the Bureau of Economic Geology, the Institute for Geophysics, and the Department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering at The University of Texas, SMU's North Texas Seismicity Study Group, and the Department of Petroleum Engineering at Texas A&M University.
With the addition of funding and collaboration from the Industrial Associates program the research collaboration grows stronger in the aforementioned areas and includes The University of Texas' Departments of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, Psychology, and the Moody College of Advertising and Public Relations.
Research Goals and Themes
The TexNet-CISR research portfolio will have defined value and impact. The overarching goals are to:
- produce accurate and detailed seismicity/ground-shaking data
- gain a mechanistic understanding of how fluid-pressure triggers faulting and seismicity
- improve methods for managing and risking of subsurface fluid injection and disposal
- perform assessments of the seismogenic potential of sedimentary basins in Texas
- improve assessments of seismic hazard to infrastructure in Texas
- improve vehicles for communication of data, knowledge and risk to a variety of stakeholders
- establish of an appropriate seismicity response management capacity
The TexNet-CISR research portfolio has these themes which are represented by 14 individual projects which can be found at the Research Projects link to the right:
- TexNet Permanent and Transportable Network Array Products
- earthquake data, locations, calibrated magnitudes, catalog
- earthquake sequences, source characterizations, triggering analysis
- Geologic Characterization
- in situ stress, fault characteristics, fluid data and budgets, geological models
- Geomechanics and Reservoir Engineering
- fault sensitivity, pore pressure/reservoir models, rupture models
- Seismic Hazards and Risk Assessment
- site characterization, shake maps, infrastructure vulnerability
- Seismic Risk Social Science
- stakeholder attitudes and bias, communication mechanisms and strategies
These challenging research themes are connected in an integrated plan whereby results and dependencies are shared to maximize integration and the development of applicable products as well as leading research. The projects are roughly connected as shown here:
Initially, TexNet and CISR will serve the specific geography and geology of Texas, and therefore the research portfolio contains overarching themes as well as geographically-specific emphases. As per the graphic below, the first geographic thrust will be an integrated assessment of the seismicity potential of the Ft. Worth Basin and how it might relate to oil and gas operations. This will take several years to complete. For this project the TexNet/CISR group has partnered with the Stanford SCITS group to collaborate with participating petroleum operators in the Ft. Worth Basin who will provide access to proprietary subsurface data as well as their extensive expertise. SMU and Texas A&M University will also participate in the research to make this a truly integrated effort that leverages the technical strengths of the participating groups and prevents duplication of effort.
Once this integrated effort is moving forward quickly, the focus of CISR will begin to switch to the seismicity potential of the greater Permian Basin and especially the Delaware Basin where oil shale development is expected to accelerate in the coming years. The Eagle Ford play area, the East Texas Bain and Haynesville play area, and the Texas Panhandle are areas that will receive research focus in the future.


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MIRACLES will be the neutron time-of-flight backscattering spectrometer of the European Spallation Source. ESS-Bilbao is the primary partner in the design, construction, installation and commissioning of the instrument, with close collaborations with the University of Copenhagen and the European Spallation Source.
Provide an energy transfer range of ℏ? ≈ 1 meV.
Dynamic wavelength range of approximately 1.5 Å centered at the elastic line.
Variable elastic energy resolution, δ(ℏω).
Best energy resolution achivable 2 µeV.
MIRACLES will be one of the ESS long instruments (162.5 m from source to sample) located at the west sector. The design of the primary spectrometer (that tailors the energy and shape of the neutron pulse arriving to the sample) is optimized to transport cold neutrons with a neutron energy < 20 meV.
The core of the instrument is the near-backscattering system sample-analyzer-detector. High resolution will be achieved using a 150º coverage panel analyzer of radius 2.5 m covered with bent silicon crystals. A 3He detector array assembly will be strategically located around the sample chamber to collect efficiently the backscattered neutrons, keeping the high-resolution performance of the spectrometer.
MIRACLES will provide an energy transfer range of ℏ? ≈ 1 meV, with a dynamic wavelength range of approximately 1.5 Å centered at the elastic line, the largest of any backscattering spectrometer. Additionally, the incident energy of the spectrometer can be shifted within the cold neutron interval, from 0 to 20 meV, to allow the measurement of low-energy inelastic excitations.
MIRACLES will be the time-of-flight backscattering instrument of the European Spallation Source. Revealing dynamic processes over a wide energy range, it will serve life science, polymer science, energy materials, magnetism studies and much more. The configuration of the long time-of-flight primary spectrometer and the large backscattering secondary spectrometer will give unprecedented energy resolution in accelerator-driven neutron source spectrometers, with an outstanding performance and versatility due to the flexibility of tuning energy resolution from a large dynamic range and performing quasielastic and inelastic neutron scattering experiment (QENS and INS) in a wide collection of operation modes.
ESS-Bilbao is the primary partner in the design, construction and commissioning of the instrument, with close collaborations between ESS-Bilbao, the University of Copenhagen and the European Spallation Source.
The design of the primary spectrometer (that tailors the energy and shape of the neutron pulse arriving to the sample) is essentially simple, but smartly designed to transport cold neutrons with a neutron wavelength between 2 and 20 Å. The neutron beam extraction system has been optimized for an efficient neutron collection and transport, according to its view of the ESS butterfly moderator. The guide presents a curve, extended throughout the bunker and the D03 hall, to avoid direct line of sight of unwanted fast neutrons, thus minimizing the spectral background.
A key characteristic of the performance of the MIRACLES instrument is the outstanding flexibility to cover a wide range of neutron beam energy probing the sample for quasielastic and inelastic neutron scattering experiment (QENS and INS), taking advantage of the long pulse of the ESS neutron source with an optimized chopper cascade to tailor this neutron pulse and select the required energy range.
The core of the instrument is the sample-analyzer-detector near-backscattering geometry of this type of instrument. High resolution will be achieved using a 150º coverage panel of Si(111) analyzer bent crystals, with a fixed analyzer radius of 2.5 m. A 3He detector array will be strategically located around the sample chamber to collect efficiently the backscattered neutrons, with recent efforts oriented to reduce, to a minimum dimension achievable, the distance between the sample and the detectors, and improving the backscattering geometry.
Future upgrade will include full analyzer coverage, with a Si(311) analyzer of the same size, to the other side of the vessel, aimed to explore high resolution QENS and INS measurements centered at higher energies.
The purpose of the MIRACLES instrument will be to provide insight into the dynamic processes over a wide field range, such as life science, polymer science, energy materials, magnetic materials and else. Its design is oriented towards performing quasielastic and inelastic neutron scattering experiment (QENS and INS) in a wide collection of operation modes, with an outstanding performance and versatility with its tunable energy resolution from a large dynamic range.
Life sciences, molecular dynamics and water dynamics.
- Degenerative diseases: Alzheimer, Parkinson, Cancer,…
- Protein dynamics and enzyme kinetics.
- Pharmaceutical studies: drug implementation/delivery.
- Fuel cells and H2 storage.
- Proton diffusion in MOFs.
- Morphology-performance connections in e.g. organic electronic devices.
Environment and climate change
- Ice formation.
- Portland-alternative cements.
- Clays for waste management.
Next-generation magnetic materials
- Molecular nanomagnets.
- Spin dynamics in novel magnetic materials (spin ice, large SOC,…).


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Guest characters are anonymous / generic logins that allow users to connect to a game without having to create a character. This can be useful on games where character registration is required, and it limits the build-up of player objects that are used only once or twice. Additionally, both built-in commands and softcode can be modified to permit/restrict the access of guest characters, allowing for fine-tuned control of the actions and the experience of these visitors.
By default, guest characters are not enabled. There are several steps to configuring guests which require in game actions and editing the configuration file. The primary on/off switch for guests is the config parameter guest_char_num.
1. Create a protoguest object. This is often a player, but does not need to be. If it is a player, do not name it 'Guest'. Make a note of its dbref.
2. Edit your netmux.conf (or whatever your.conf is - see GAMENAME) and add/modify the entry for the guest_char_num. For example, if your protoguest is object #32, you want the following line:
3. Save the file and _USER_. You should now have working guests.
There are a number of other steps you should consider when configuring guests. For instance, by default, connecting guest characters will join the specified channel for guests, with the specified alias. By default, the channel name is 'Guests' and the alias is 'g'. For this to work, you will need to _USER_ the Guests channel and configure it as needed. If you would like to have guests join a different channel, check the wizhelp topics for guests_channel and guests_channel_prefix (2.6 and higher for the latter?).
You can also specify settings for the name of guest characters (Guest1, Guest2, etc by default), the number of guests that can be on at one time (10 by default). check wizhelp for *guest* to see a list of config parameters that control guest configuration.
Additionally, there is customization that can be done by modifying the Protoguest object, as all guest characters will use this object as a template.


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The question remains: Is ORNL's radioactive waste crossing the Clinch River?
For the past few years, there have been ongoing studies to determine whether radioactive wastes historically buried in trenches near the Clinch River may be somehow migrating under the river to groundwater on the other side. The U.S. Department of Energy paid to have monitoring wells installed on property across the river and also paid to bring water lines to riverside residents who used to get their drinking water from private wells.
Apparently the question of whether Oak Ridge National Laboratory's wastes are crossing the river via underground rock formations or some other means is still unresolved.
"Results to date (from wells across the river from the ORNL burial grounds) have shown intermittent detections of low levels of contaminants that may be associated with past disposal practices at the burial grounds)," John Owsley of the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation said in response to questions.
Owsley said the sampling efforts so far indicate there remains a potential for deep groundwater to move under the river. He said the parties to the Oak Ridge Federal Facilities Agreement -- TDEC, DOE and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency -- continue to monitor offsite groundwater in the area of the ORNL burial grounds.
The three agencies have agreed to develop an Oak Ridge Reservation Groundwater Strategy Document, Owsley said, "to determine an appropriate path forward for groundwater characterization."
That document is to be completed by Sept. 30, 2013, according to information provided by the state.
Asked if there was evidence that radioactive waste injected into deep rock formations in the 1970s and '80s, using a technique known as hydrofracture, was migrating off-site, Owsley replied:
"There has been no direct connection made to waste injected during the Hydrofracture Project to the contaminants detected in the offsite groundwater. This matter remains under scrutiny."
TDEC said the contaminants identified in the across-the-river groundwater samples include radioactive strontium-90 and technetium-99. In addition, there were "volatile organic compounds" -- Trichloroethene or TCE, cis-1,2-dichloroethene (DCE), and vinyl chloride and a couple of metals, arsenic and selenium. The samples also identified "inorganic parameters," fluoride and pH, the state said.
"As noted, some can be associated with DOE disposal practices in Melton Valley," Owsley said via email. "The detections have been intermittent in that the contaminants are not detected in all wells nor are they detected every time a single well has been sampled."
Under the guielines of CERCLA, the environmental regulators are required to determine the nature and extent of off-site contamination, he said. "We're still working to determine that," he said.


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Sorting optimization for Sawmill stock
On the beginning of production you have sawlogs. On the other end you have timber in several sizes.
When sawmill usually buy sawlogs it has to sort it in some boxes prior to sawing. Number of boxes can be different from sawmill to sawmill. (Of course some technologies allow skip sorting).
So. Let's imagine that you are already sorting logs in some ways, for example with diameter step of 10mm. Then I give you these questions:
1. Is this sorting optimal?
2. For particular timber size... from which box You take sawlog to achieve optimum yield?
Sorting Optimization" module give you answers for this questions.
So, base on:
- real production (timber sizes)
- input sizes of logs
You can answer on questions:
- how should I sort logs optimally, if I need for example 12 boxes?
- I need to produce board with sizes 22x50.... from which box I have to take sawlogs?
As a result you will have:
for defined number of boxes you obtain suggested sorting of logs (4 optimization methods). Of course you can modify sorting as you wish. You can split adjacent boxes, join them or move borders between them.
Then for each timber size you obtain recommended boxes (numbered by priority).
So, you get for example results:
Box1: sawlog diameter from 100 to 102mm
Box2: sawlog diameter from 103 to 110mm
And then:
For timber 20x40 is the best to take sawlogs from box #3, then from box #2 etc.etc.


text:
"Mind the gap", progress towards developing anti-fraud culture strategies in UK central government bodies
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
Purpose – There is increasing guidance for public bodies on the appropriate counter fraud strategies to pursue. One area covered is anti-fraud culture strategies. Building upon the work of the UK Government's HM Treasury, the purpose of this paper is to assess the extent and quality of anti-fraud culture strategies in UK central government bodies. Design/methodology/approach – Based upon analysis of HM Treasury survey data as well as a survey undertaken by the authors. Findings – The paper shows that the quantitative data from HM Treasury surveys when compared to the qualitative data also drawn from the authors survey highlights significant numbers of central public bodies with limited anti-fraud culture strategies. Research limitations/implications – Some of the responses on screening strategies used by central government bodies varied in the detail offered in response to the authors' survey. Originality/value – Provides much greater depth to the strategies utilised by central government bodies to develop an anti-fraud culture.
|Number of pages||16|
|Journal||Journal of Financial Crime|
|Publication status||Published - 2009|


text:
Optimise your hospital locations
Does your hospital have several locations? Then there's a good chance that you can use location optimisation to save on costs and increase quality. Here are seven tips for achieving this.
1. Define location profiles
Having a clear profile for each location creates the right expectations externally and ensures efficient organisation internally. Differentiate on the basis of complexity and volume, or opt for specific profiling based on a number of specialisms or disease profiles/syndromes. Make real choices instead of compromises that lead to ambiguity or unclear profiles.
2. Deduplicate availability features
Often, availability features such as the emergency department or intensive care units are ripe for deduplication because they are moderately to poorly occupied over multiple locations. Concentration leads to better occupancy, which is both cheaper and safer! The same applies to evening and weekend closing.
3. Consider relocation or closure
Fewer square metres means fewer costs. Especially if major maintenance or renovation is on the cards, full closure, possibly followed by relocation to smaller premises, can be an attractive option. This enables healthcare to be set up in a patient-friendly and efficient manner. Another option is to put part of the property to different use.
4. Create broad support
The support of all interested parties is essential to successful location optimisation. Therefore, actively involve medical staff, patients, healthcare support staff and local parties in the process by having them participate in project teams. Listen carefully to wishes and objections. Form a steering group that also includes medical representation.
5. Recognise emotion, objectify impact
Location optimisation is sometimes viewed in a rather black and white way, particularly when relocation or partial/full closure is on the cards. Recognise negative emotions (fear), while at the same time objectifying the potential impact. Being transparent about the advantages and disadvantages of various scenarios can help, especially if you support this with figures.
6. Use scenarios to aid decision-making
Base decision-making on substantiated, calculated scenarios. By examining alternative solutions side by side, alongside the facts of the current situation, you will be able to arrive at broadly supported choices. This prevents any discord due to an inaccurate view of the actual situation, the organisational impact, and the associated financial picture.
7. Communicate early and frequently
Sometimes you have to state the obvious: communicate, communicate, communicate. Communicating about the process that is to be followed, even if there isn't much substantive to report yet, can help prevent unrest. Transparency ultimately always has a positive effect. Through transparency and personal contact, you can transform reluctant sceptics into constructive participants. This applies to healthcare professionals, health insurers and municipalities.
Would you like to find out what location optimisation could do for your hospital?
This blog post appeared in Skipr no. 6 – 2018.


Autumn – season of mists and mellow fruitfulness…and condensation?
Can secondary glazing cure condensation?
Can secondary glazing cure condensation?
Can secondary glazing tackle condensation?
The short answer is 'yes' – in most cases fitting secondary glazing eliminates condensation. Very occasionally secondary glazing can't significantly reduce the problem, but we've have extensively researched the problem of condensation, and there's advice here on how to combat it.
As the outside temperature falls, condensation problems inside the home can begin. Caused by moist, warm air settling on a cold surface, condensation is noticeable on the glass in your windows, but it can also settle on walls, wood or other materials, leaving behind black mould, wet surfaces and a musty odour.
"Our dining room is much warmer and quieter...the most welcome change is that condensation no longer drips from the bay".
"Condensation no longer drips from the bay".
Melanie and Glenn live in a traditional 1940s themed house. Melanie says: "We immediately noticed the benefits. Our dining room is much warmer and quieter. The most welcome change is that condensation no longer drips from the bay".
Air contains moisture, and warmer air supports more moisture. A fall in air temperature below 'dew point' causes air to shed the moisture, depositing it as condensation. To illustrate when dew point occurs, imagine a hot bath. As it's run, steam is given off; more than the air can support. Saturation, or dew point, occurs, and condensation in the form of droplets appear on mirrors and walls.
Each hour, as we breathe, we add 57ml of water to the atmosphere. The heavy condensation you may see on a bedroom window is the effect of vapour in human breath in a relatively cool room. Heating appliances, like paraffin stoves, contribute a staggering volume of 10 pints of water for every 8 pints of fuel used, and the consumption of 1 cubic foot of gas discharges 1 cubic foot of water into the atmosphere. Washing and drying laundry indoors and cooking also contribute.
The lounge is much warmer...and the condensation has stopped
Much warmer…and the condensation has stopped
John and Barbara had been mopping up condensation from their bay window every morning for years. Their property is in a conservation area. John says: "We love the bay's original glass and didn't want to change it. The lounge is much warmer since the secondary glazing was fitted and the condensation has stopped. We really like that the secondary glazing doesn't detract from the look of the bay, inside or out."
The condition of primary windows can be a contributory factor. Ill fitting, and they allow too much cold air to circulate between the glasses, frequently causing condensation to form. If glazing putty is in poor condition it lets rain seep underneath, getting drawn inside the windows by capillary action. This increases the humidity of the air within the cavity.
A construction fault may be contributing to condensation problems – if masonry is in poor condition, or the primary window has rotten frame sections.
Sometimes, condensation is attributed to fitting secondary glazing. However, building experts agree that's seldom the cause, and secondary glazing cannot cause condensation where it didn't previously exist.
If you've read this far, it will be clear that condensation is a complex problem. And although, in the majority of cases, installing secondary glazing eliminates or reduces it, there are occasional cases where it's impossible to identify the source of excess humidity, or effect a cure.
Ideally, a building's humidity, heating and ventilation should be balanced. The balance will vary seasonally, but a bit of time experimenting with finding the correct levels is often rewarded with a good measure of success.
4 steps to reducing humidity in your home
 1. Control the source of humidity. Vent gas burners, clothes dryers etc. to the outside. Fit extractor fans, particularly in kitchen or bathroom. Make sure you have adequate vents and air bricks throughout the house.
 2. Provide ventilation. Outside air is usually dryer, diluting the humidity of inside air. In older houses, this often occurs automatically because of constant infiltration of outside air through ill-fitting windows and doors.
 3. Heating. Provide dry heat to counterbalance most of the moisture produced by modern living.
 4. Air passage. Ensure existing air bricks are unobstructed.
5 ways of controlling condensation in your house
 1. Fit secondary glazing.
 2. Increase the running time of kitchen or other ventilation fans.
 3. Encourage moisture to escape by opening fireplace dampers or vents.
 4. Open doors and windows for a few minutes each day to air your house.
 5. Air kitchen, laundry and bathrooms during or just following use, closing any doors which allow steam to permeate the rest of the house.
Along with an expected reduction in condensation problem, secondary glazing has other benefits: thermal efficiency (so lower heating bills), acoustic insulation (less noise from outside in your home) and enhanced property security to name just 3! Visit our website, and see all the benefits of installing secondary glazing.
Clearview secondary glazing - the solution to significantly improved acoustic and heat insulation to your property, making your home or offices more comfortable, secure, greener and cost efficient to run. Achieved without the disruption of replacement windows, and without damaging the character of your building.
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Interdisciplinary Working Groups
With the founding of the first Interdisciplinary Working Group in 1986, the Johannes Gutenberg University created a new funding instrument for interdisciplinary collaboration in individual fields of research. The centres are established by the Senate, with a reservation of appraisal, for a certain period, and provided with €2,500 per year.
Interdisciplinary working groups serve, among other things, as nuclei for the formation of larger structures and for the creation of a critical mass, in order to find an increased echo among external funding sources.
At present Faculty 08 is involved in the following Interdisciplinary Working Groups:


Converting between Celsius and Kelvin
Return to KMT & Gas Laws Menu
There are not any high school level gas law problems that the ChemTeam is aware of that use the Celsius temperature directly in the calculation.
If you have a Celsius temperature in the problem, you MUST change it to Kelvin, in order to use it in your problem.
Sometimes your teacher might put a temperature in the problem, but you really don't need to use it. Your teacher is doing what he or she is driven to do: confuse poor teenage kids. The ChemTeam understands this fully for, you see, this is what happened in his class. (The ChemTeam is retired now.) All teachers know this is really fun! OK, back to work.
You can convert between Celsius and Kelvin like this: Kelvin = Celsius + 273.15. Often, the value of 273 is used instead of 273.15. Check with your teacher on this point. All examples to follow will use 273.
A point before going on to some problems: very often in gas law problems it looks like significant figure rules are being violated. The reality is that they are not. In reality, the significant figure concept is more complex than the simple rules taught at this level.
However, having said that, be careful to watch your teacher's actions in class and ask what the rules are in your class. If I am saying something different than what your teacher wants you to do, please don't use this phrase: "Well, there's some guy on the Internet who says you're wrong."
Last point: never, ever, use a degree sign on Kelvins. Do not do this: °K. This is what is know as an 'idiot indictor.' You do that and your study partner will say "Didn't you lean anything in high school? You're an idiot." The ChemTeam will remain silent as to the reasons.
Also, never say 'degrees Kelvin.' This value: 225 K is said "two hundred twenty five Kelvins." Please trust the ChemTeam on these points.
Example #1: convert 25.0 °C to Kelvin.
Answer: 25.0 + 273 = 298.0
Essentially the 273 is being treated as 273.0
Everybody (except you!) in chemistry knows the true conversion value is 273.15, but the decimal portion is usually ignored. Also, the most common type of thermometer in high school labs is readable to the nearest tenth. So temperatures are usually written just to the tenth place at this introductory level
The ChemTeam occasionally had a student who insisted on using 273.15. You may be the same. However, be careful on this. You may do a calculation on a test (or a web-based assignment) using 273.15 and the answer was done with 273. That difference may generate a value for your answer that causes a deduction of points. Follow the policy your classroom teacher sets down.
Example #2: convert 375 K to degrees Celsius.
Answer: 375 − 273 = 102 °C
Example #3: Convert −50 °C to Kelvin. (That's a minus 50.)
Answer: −50 plus 273 = 223 K
Here are some temperature conversion problems (no answers provided):
1. What temperature scale must always be used when working gas law problems? __________
2. The boiling point of water on the Kelvin scale is __________.
3. 0 K is also known as __________.
4. 40.0 °C is what temperature on the Kelvin scale?
5. -20.0 °C is what temperature on the Kelvin scale?
6. 298 K is what temperature in degrees Celsius?
7. What is the temperature (give in both °C and K) at STP?
8. Convert -145.0 °C to K
9. Convert 20.0 °C to K
10. Convert 252 K to °C
Return to KMT & Gas Laws Menu


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Legal Training
Blackstone Legal Fellowship is not a culmination... it is a beginning
Blackstone Legal Fellowship is a leadership training program that brings together exceptional Christian law students and prepares them for careers marked by integrity, excellence, and leadership. Since 2000, Alliance Defending Freedom has trained more than 2,400 law students from more than 225 law schools in 21 different countries.
The Fellowship begins with a summer-long leadership training program, which includes three weeks of seminars on topics such as legal philosophy, constitutional law, practicing with integrity and excellence within the legal profession, and career development and cultural engagement. Interns also spend the summer engaged in legal internships across the world, working with nonprofits, governmental entities, and boutique law firms, among others.
The summer program represents a beginning, not a culmination, as Interns emerge with a professional network, enduring friendships, and a foundation of knowledge that will serve them throughout their careers. Those selected to become "Fellows" at the end of the summer also receive ongoing training, resources, and support through an international community.
Have Questions?
For answers to common questions about Blackstone Legal Fellowship, view the FAQ.
Why is the program named the Blackstone Legal Fellowship?
The program is named for Sir William Blackstone (_PHONE_), a contemporary of the framers of the U.S. Constitution and Declaration of Independence. An English judge who went on to become the first Vinerian professor of law at Oxford University, Blackstone is best known for his Commentaries on the Laws of England.
The Commentaries were the original foundation for legal education in America and a work that would dominate the common law legal system for centuries. Indeed, they had a pervasive and profound impact on the United States Constitution and whose concept of absolute rights formed the basic premise of our Declaration of Independence.
In the Commentaries, Blackstone explained that the basis upon which English Common Law resides is a higher law, the law written by God and found in His scriptures and the created order. Blackstone says, "when the Supreme Being formed the universe, and created matter out of nothing, he impressed certain principles upon that matter, from which it can never depart, and without which it would cease to be." Because of this, William Blackstone argues, "the first and primary end of human laws is to maintain... these absolute [i.e. God-given] rights of individuals." Accordingly, man lacks authority to write a law that contradicts God's law. Blackstone called this concept "ultra vires," which means it is beyond the authority of man to write a law that violates God's law. Blackstone also said that law is fixed, it is uniform, and it is universal. It does not change based on who the President is, or who holds judicial positions. It is the same law for everyone at all times and in all places.
Blackstone's influence on American law can hardly be overstated. His writings trained nearly every American lawyer until the mid-19th century. Unfortunately, his influence and the Christian worldview have since been virtually eradicated from American law schools. For this reason, Alliance Defending Freedom named its prestigious law student program the Blackstone Legal Fellowship, representing a new generation of lawyers, men and women of Christian conviction, passion, and intelligence, being equipped to serve as leaders within the legal culture, proposed by Blackstone's vision of the law to foster legal systems that fully protect our God-given rights.
The Blackstone Legal Fellowship seeks accomplished law students who are committed to their faith and are dedicated to impacting the law-profession culture. To learn more and apply, visit
Criteria for selection include: strong academic performance; leadership skills, both exhibited and potential; maturity of faith and character; and commitment to legal and cultural engagement.
The 2020 class included 156 Interns. We anticipate the 2021 class will be a similar size. To learn more and apply, visit
The Blackstone Legal Fellowship is a ministry of Alliance Defending Freedom.
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Help fund the largest Blackstone class yet!
This year, we're hoping to fund the largest Blackstone class yet with over 160 students. But this important program relies heavily on the financial support you provide.
It costs around $25,000 to fund one student. And there is no financial burden on the students who are chosen to attend.
Your gift to support Blackstone will be put to work training the next generation of Christian leaders who can fight and win for freedom. Will you give today and help ensure this important program continues?
Yes, I'll help!
Beyond the Summer
True to its name, Blackstone Legal Fellowship is a Fellowship. Throughout the program, and extending well beyond its conclusion, Interns participate in a thoughtful community of highly accomplished Christian law students, developing relationships that will endure for years to come. Fellows—those Interns selected to join the Fellowship at the end of the summer program—also benefit from the alumni network. Through events, additional training, and a variety of networking opportunities, Fellows strengthen relationships with members of their class and also form new connections that will be personally and professionally enriching. Through the summer program, and all that follows, Blackstone Fellows are equipped to effectively engage the legal culture and accelerate their careers in whatever area of law God is calling them.
Selection to Blackstone Legal Fellowship
Blackstone Legal Fellowship is much more than a summer internship program. It is, in short, a long-term investment in its participants. Accordingly, Blackstone Interns are selected through a rigorous and highly competitive application process specifically designed to build a diverse class with strong leadership potential in all areas of private practice and public service. The selection committee seeks students with outstanding intellectual distinction and Christian commitment who will form a far-reaching network of legal professionals with the character, competence, and credentials to create lasting change in our legal culture.
For all these reasons, Blackstone Legal Fellowship is not a culmination... it is a beginning.
The Program
Phase I:
Interns gather for two weeks of lectures, seminars, and interactive discussions designed to confront conventional wisdom in legal education and present a principled, analytical framework for understanding natural law principles, constitutional interpretation and jurisprudence, and the history of Western civilization. The curriculum also incorporates daily worship and a devotional series focusing on personal and ethical challenges related to the legal practice.
Phase II:
Interns complete a legal internship to advance their career objectives. Interns obtain positions at a wide variety of organizations, including nonprofits, NGOs, governmental entities, and boutique law firms.
Phase III:
At the end of the summer, Interns return together for seminars and training focused on career development and cultural engagement. The curriculum includes practical career advice and enables Interns to develop a clearer vision of their professional calling. Faculty includes partners from prestigious law firms, high-ranking public officials, academics, and former judicial law clerks. Interns return to law school equipped with deeper knowledge, stronger convictions, and access to a vast professional network that will continue to grow throughout their careers.
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History timeline
Below explore our rich history for what is evolved from our roots in chocolate to a diverse global privately owned business encompassing petcare, gum and confections, food, drinks and symbioscience, underscored by the guidance of the Mars family and our principles-led approach.
Mars Hall Of American Business at the Smithsonian
Discover how Mars has influenced the American business landscape in the new American Enterprise exhibit
at the Smithsonian's National Museum of American History.
mars.com:about mars:history


text:
Among other reasons contributing to deaths from stroke across the'stroke belt' states, eating fried fish may be one of them, a new study finds.
The latest findings published in the 'Neurology,' a medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology, states that people living in the'stroke belt' states consume more fried fish than those living in the other parts of the nation.
'Stroke belt' is a popular term for states of southeastern U.S., as they have a higher stroke mortality rate.
These are Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia.
Also, the researchers state that residents in the stroke buckle were 17 percent less likely to consume two or more servings of fish with fatty acids in a week, as recommended by the American Heart Association, compared to people in other parts of the state.
21675 Americans accessed
For the 'Reasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke' (REGARDS) study, a team of researchers from Emory University's School of Medicine analyzed 21675 people across the nation between January 2003 and October 2007.
The average age of the respondents was 65 years.
All the participants were interviewed over the phone and they also took an in-home physical examination.
The study subjects were questioned about how often they ate fried and non-fried fish.
Of all the participants, 21 percent were from the stroke buckle, the three south-eastern states: Georgia, North Carolina and South Carolina with extremely high stroke mortality rate, 34 percent were from rest of the stroke belt states, and 44 percent were from other states.
Fish consumption patterns explain high stroke rate?
After studying the participants for 4 years, the researchers found that Americans living in the stroke belt area were 30 percent more likely to consume two or more servings of fried fish compared to those living in other regions.
Also, the researchers stated that residents in the stroke buckle were 17 percent less likely to consume two or more servings of fish with fatty acids in a week, as recommended by the American Heart Association, compared to people in other parts of the state.
Studies done in the past have proved that consuming fish rich in omega-3 fatty acids lowers the risk of heart attack.
Further, compared to whites, African-Americans were almost three times more likely to eat fried fish in a week.
On basis of the findings, Fadi Nahab, M.D., of Emory University, and lead author of the study concluded, "These differences in fish consumption may be one of the potential reasons for the racial and geographic differences in stroke incidence and mortality."


text:
If you have Adobe Acrobat installed on your computer, it would be an easy task to extract data from pdf files. Simply follow the instructions below:
- Open PDF with Acrobat
- If you are using Acrobat 5, use "Select Tool" to highlight the data you need, right click on selection
and select "Copy as Table". For later version like Acrobat 9, hold down "Alt" key and select the
columns you need, then right click and choose "Copy as Table"
- In order to make the table look nice in PowerPoint, we have to get rid of extra spaces hiding at the
end of wordings in each cell. To do this, paste the table into Word and highlight it, select "Align
Center" and then "Align Left". You will notice all spaces are gone.
- Secondly, make sure all cell margins are consistent
- Now we can paste the table into PowerPoint and start formatting
- End of Tutorial


The difference between epistemic and metaphysical necessity
Philosophers have observed that metaphysical necessity appears to be a true or real or genuine form of necessity while epistemic necessity does not. Similarly, natural necessity appears genuine while deontic necessity does not. But what is it for a form of necessity to be genuine? I defend an account of genuine necessity in explanatory terms. The genuine forms of necessity, I argue, are those that provide what I call necessitarian explanation. I discuss the relationship of necessitarian explanation to ground.
 1. 1.
 Some philosophers have preferred to say that epistemic and metaphysical necessity differ in their reality (Edgington 2004, p. 2) or objectivity (Williamson 2016) rather than their genuineness.
 2. 2.
 Many philosophers hold that every a priori proposition is metaphysically necessary. Since metaphysical necessity is genuine, must these philosophers take epistemic necessity, in the sense of a priority, to be genuine as well? No. A form of necessity may fail to be genuine even if every proposition with that form of necessity also possesses a distinct form of necessity that is genuine. The account developed below explains how such a situation is possible.
 3. 3.
 Might we instead take a form of necessity to be genuine just in case it is both mind-independent and sufficient for truth? Since deontic necessity is not sufficient for truth, this proposal correctly counts it as nongenuine. But the proposal mishandles the historical form of necessity (discussed further below). A four-dimensionalist in the mold of Sider (2001), for instance, might understand the claim that a given proposition p is historically necessary as nothing more than the claim that p follows, in a certain sense, from the true propositions about our own time and the times that precede it (cf. Lewis 1986, p. 7). Historical necessity, on this view, will be both mind-independent and sufficient for truth. Yet the four-dimensionalist sees time as akin to space and will no more admit a genuine form of necessity connected to times earlier than our own than she will admit one connected to points of space to her left.
 4. 4.
 Epistemic necessity need not be taken to be relative to a person. It might instead be taken to be relative to something else, such as a group or body of knowledge. See the papers in Egan and Weatherson (2011) for discussion.
 5. 5.
 Again one might think to accommodate the deontic case by taking a form of necessity to be genuine just in case it is both nonrelative and sufficient for truth. But one might agree with Quine (1943, p. 121) that 'among the various possible senses of the vague adverb "necessarily", we can single out one—the sense of analytic necessity—according to the following criterion: the result of applying "necessarily" to a statement is true if, and only if, the original statement is analytic.' And one might have a purely epistemic conception of analyticity on which a statement is analytic just in case 'grasp of its meaning alone suffices for justified belief in its truth' (Boghossian 1996, p. 363). Analytic necessity, so understood, is both nonrelative and sufficient for truth. Yet it is no more genuine than epistemic necessity.
 6. 6.
 Accounts of fundamentality have been developed by Fine (2001), Schaffer (2009), Jenkins (2011), Sider (2011), Wilson (2014) and Raven (2016).
 7. 7.
 Thus Barnes and Cameron (2011, p. 2) take the open future theorist to hold that 'there are multiple genuinely possible ways our history could go'.
 8. 8.
 Although Lange himself does not think historical necessity is genuine (p. 211), I take it that any reasonable account of genuineness should at least be compatible with the doctrine of the open future.
 9. 9.
 Kment (2014) develops an account of genuine (or in his terms, 'ontic') necessity that requires genuine forms of necessity to be stable in something very much like Lange's sense (p. 24; see also Kment 2015, p. 524). The doctrine of the open future poses a difficulty for Kment's account as well.
 10. 10.
 I am grateful to an anonymous referee for calling my attention to the deflationary view.
 11. 11.
 For discussion of ground see Fine (2001), Schaffer (2009) and Rosen (2010), among others. I take no position on what Raven (2015) calls the unionist/separatist debate.
 12. 12.
 Pace Schaffer (2012).
 13. 13.
 Fine (2012) argues that this condition is too strong. His logic of ground contains a disjunction elimination rule that supports only a weaker condition on the grounds of disjunctions. Our argument can be modified to accommodate Fine's view.
 14. 14.
 Pace Leuenberger (2014) and Skiles (2015).
 15. 15.
 Related notions of explanatory constraint have recently been discussed by Lange (2016) and (in unpublished work) by Michael Bertrand.
 16. 16.
 The explanatory account also correctly classifies as nongenuine the epistemic conception of analytic necessity mentioned in n. 5. It is no part of why bachelors are unmarried, after all, that some epistemic condition holds. This form of necessity (if indeed it is a form of necessity) is nonexplanatory and thus nongenuine.
 17. 17.
 I am grateful to Jennifer Wang for discussion on this point.
 18. 18.
 Cf. Fine (2002, p. 279): 'I conclude that there are three distinct sources of necessity—the identity of things, the natural order, and the normative order—and that each gives rise to its own peculiar form of necessity.'
 19. 19.
 I will not here address the proposal that natural-necessitarian explanation is a form of causal explanation understood in some other way, as, for instance, in Skow (2014).
 20. 20.
 Cf. Bernstein (2016, p. 24): 'It is a substantive metaphysical question whether causes always precede their effects.'
 1. Barnes, E., & Cameron, R. P. (2011). Back to the open future. Philosophical Perspectives, 25(1), 1–25.
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 2. Bernstein, S. (2016). Grounding is not causation. Philosophical Perspectives, 30(1), 21–38.
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 3. Boghossian, P. (1996). Analyticity reconsidered. Noûs, 30(3), 360–91.
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 4. Chalmers, D. J. (2011). The nature of epistemic space. In A. Egan & B. Weatherson (Eds.), Epistemic modality (pp. 60–107). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
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 8. Fine, K. (2001). The question of realism. Philosophers' Imprint, 1(1), 1–30.
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 9. Fine, K. (2002). The varieties of necessity. In T. S. Gendler & J. Hawthorne (Eds.), Conceivability and possibility (pp. 253–81). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
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 10. Fine, K. (2012). Guide to ground. In F. Correia & B. Schnieder (Eds.), Metaphysical grounding: Understanding the structure of reality (pp. 37–80). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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 13. Jenkins, C. S. (2011). Explanation and fundamentality. In B. Schnieder, A. Steinberg, & M. Hoeltje (Eds.), Ontological dependence, supervenience, and response-dependence (pp. 211–242). Munich: Philosophia Verlag.
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Audouin Dollfus
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Audouin Dollfus
Born (1924-11-12)November 12, 1924
Died October 1, 2010(2010-10-01) (aged 85)
Nationality French
Fields astronomy
Institutions Paris Observatory
Alma mater University of Paris
Doctoral advisor Bernard Lyot
Known for Discoverer of Janus
Audouin Charles Dollfus (November 12, 1924 – October 1, 2010[1]) was a French astronomer and aeronaut, specialist in studies of the solar system and discoverer of Janus, a moon of Saturn.
Life and career[edit]
He was born in Paris to Charles Dollfus.
He studied at the University of Paris, obtaining a doctorate in physical sciences in 1955. Beginning in 1946, Dollfus worked as an astronomer at the Meudon Observatory, following his advisor and mentor Bernard Lyot. In particular, he directed the Laboratory of Solar System Physics there. Upon his passing, he was an honorary astronomer at the Paris Observatory. Most of his work was carried out based on observations from the Pic du Midi Observatory, and his preferred research method is the use of polarized light as a diagnostic of the properties of solar system objects. Through patient and persistent research and the development of new observational techniques, he was able to obtain many remarkable results. Dollfus has published more than 300 scientific publications, relating primarily to astrophysics of the solar system.
Before the Viking spacecraft landed on Mars, the composition of the Martian surface was the subject of many debates. Dollfus tried to determine the composition of the Martian desert, through comparison with the appearance in polarized light of several hundred terrestrial minerals. He found that only pulverized limonite (Fe2O3) corresponded with the appearance of Mars, and concluded that the Martian surface could be composed of iron oxide. However, another astronomer, Gerald Kuiper of the University of Chicago, disagreed with this conclusion, believing that fine-grained igneous rocks were a better fit to the data, but subsequent observations proved Dollfus correct.
By using the polarization of light, it is possible to detect an atmosphere around a planet or natural satellite. In 1950, most scientists thought that Mercury, because of its small size, had probably lost its atmosphere due to molecular escape into space. Dollfus announced that he had detected a very small atmosphere, again using polarization measurements made at the Pic du Midi Observatory in the French Pyrenees. His discovery contradicted the previous theoretical predictions based on the kinetic theory of gases. Dollfus estimated that the atmospheric pressure at the surface of Mercury was approximately 1 mm of mercury. The nature of gas composing this atmosphere was unknown but thought to be a dense, heavy gas. It was however certain that the atmosphere of Mercury must be less than 1/300th that of the Earth. Currently, it is known that the atmosphere of Mercury is very thin indeed: only 10-15 bar, with the total mass of the atmosphere not exceeding 1000 kg.
Mercury has dark zones which contrast with a brighter bottom; this was observed first by Giovanni Schiaparelli in 1889. By using the refracting telescope of the Pic du Midi Observatory, Dollfus was able in 1959 to clearly resolve surface features as small as 300 km.
Dollfus also studied the possible presence of an atmosphere around the Moon. The rate of dissipation into space of any gases on the Moon (except for certain rare heavy elements) is so high that no substantial atmosphere is possible. The presence of any atmosphere should be detectable by the polarization of light; Bernard Lyot and later Dollfus showed that there was no detectable polarization, thereby confirming the theoretical prediction that the Moon lacks an atmosphere.
In 1966, Dollfus discovered Janus, a small inner moon of Saturn. He made this discovery by observing at a time when the rings, very close to Janus, were nearly edge-on to the Earth and thus practically invisible. At this time he probably also observed Epimetheus, a smaller moon which shares the same orbit as Janus, but he did not realize these were two separate objects and it is Richard Walker that holds credit for this discovery.
Aerospace and Ballooning Pioneer[edit]
With his father, the aeronautical pioneer Charles Dollfus, he holds several world records in ballooning, including the first stratospheric flight in France. He was the first to carry out astronomical observations from a stratospheric balloon, in particular to study Mars in a detailed way.
Honours and awards[edit]
The asteroid 2451 Dollfus was named in his honour.
He was awarded the Prix Jules Janssen of the French Astronomical Society in 1993.


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The cold temperatures maintained in the Trinity River are beneficial to fish but may be problematic for foothill yellow-legged frogs. TRRP assesses foothill yellow-legged frog breeding distribution, timing, and survival of egg masses. In 2009, 50 egg masses detected in the mainstem river between Lewiston Dam and the North Fork Trinity River. This was the highest count since egg mass surveys began in 2004, and several of the breeding sites were at restoration sites below Canyon Creek. However, it is still minimal compared to some tributaries. Tributaries and the mainstem with colder water had later onset of egg laying and emergence of smaller froglets when compared to warmer tributaries. While relative abundance on the mainstem has increased over the previous four years, reproductive effort is still substantially less than observed on the South or North Fork Trinity River.
Suggested further reading:
Fuller, T E; Pope, K L; Ashton, D T; and Welsh, H H Jr (2010) Linking the distribution of an invasive amphibian (Rana catesbeiana) [bullfrogs] to habitat conditions in a managed river system in northern California.
Ashton, D T; Bettaso, J B; and Welsh, H H Jr (2010) Foothill yellow-legged frog (Rana boylii) distribution and phenology relative to flow management on the Trinity River. Oral presentation provided at the 2010 Trinity River Science Symposium
Lind, A J; Welsh, H H Jr; and Wilson, R A (1996) The effects of a dam on breeding habitat and egg survival of the foothill yellow-legged frog (Rana boylii) in northwestern California.
Wilson, R A; Lind, A J; and Welsh, H Jr (1991) Trinity River riparian wildlife survey – 1990.


Were ziggurats peaked at the top?
Asked by: Mrs. Charlene Bartell
Score: 5/5 (15 votes)
The ziggurats began as a platforms (usually oval, rectangular or square). The ziggurat was a mastaba-like structure with a flat top.
View full answer
Also Know, What was at the top of ziggurats?
At the top of the ziggurat was a shrine to the god. The priests would perform sacrifices and other rituals here. They built them high because they wanted the shrine to be as close to the heavens as possible.
Beside the above, What was the highest point of a ziggurat?. The best-preserved ziggurat is at Ur (modern Tall al-Muqayyar, Iraq). The largest, at Choghā Zanbīl in Elam (now in southwestern Iran), is 335 feet (102 metres) square and 80 feet (24 metres) high and stands at less than half its estimated original height.
In this manner, Who lives on top of ziggurat?
How tall was the first ziggurat?
The ziggurat was built by King Ur-Nammu, who dedicated it in honour of Nanna/Sîn in approximately the 21st century BC (short chronology) during the Third Dynasty of Ur. The massive step pyramid measured 64 m (210 ft) in length, 45 m (148 ft) in width and over 30 m (98 ft) in height.
44 related questions found
What was the most likely reason that ziggurats were tall?
Ziggurats were built tall so that they would connect the heavens to the earth.
What is inside the nanna ziggurat?
The core of the ziggurat is made of mud brick covered with baked bricks laid with bitumen, a naturally occurring tar. Each of the baked bricks measured about 11.5 x 11.5 x 2.75 inches and weighed as much as 33 pounds.
Who was the leader of the gods in Babylon?
Marduk, in Mesopotamian religion, the chief god of the city of Babylon and the national god of Babylonia; as such, he was eventually called simply Bel, or Lord. Marduk. Originally, he seems to have been a god of thunderstorms.
Can you go inside a ziggurat?
This is one of the oldest temples in Iraq and one of few archaeological Sumerian sites that can be visited in the city of Thiqar. Getting here may be tricky as you need to buy the tickets in the museum inside the city and then come to the site.... Walking here is walk in to glorious history of Sumer.
What is the difference between a ziggurat and a pyramid?
Ziggurats were built in Ancient Mesopotamia while pyramids were built in Ancient Egypt and Southern America. 3. Ziggurats have steps or terraces on its sides and multi-storied while pyramids just have one long stretch of staircase.... Ziggurats are chamber less while pyramids usually have internal chambers.
Where is Mesopotamia now?
What was the first form of writing called?
The cuneiform script, created in Mesopotamia, present-day Iraq, ca. 3200 BC, was first. It is also the only writing system which can be traced to its earliest prehistoric origin. This antecedent of the cuneiform script was a system of counting and recording goods with clay tokens.
Which came first ziggurat or pyramid?
Even though pyramids still stand to this day, the Sumerian ziggurats were probably constructed before the first Egyptian pyramid. The Sumerian civilization is prior to the Nile valley civilizations, which suggests that the first ziggurat was built before the first pyramid.
What is a good sentence for ziggurat?
Ziggurat sentence example
Access to the stages of the ziggurat, from the court beneath, was had by an inclined plane on the south-east side. In the west corner stood a temple, with a stagetower ( ziggurat ) adjoining.
Why do you think ziggurats were so large?
There was another reason why the Ziggurats were built as tall structures. They were looked upon as mountains that had been recreated by human hands. People believed that the gods actually lived in the mountains in the eastern part of Mesopotamia.
Who was allowed in ziggurats?
At the very top of the ziggurat was a shrine to the main god of the city-state. The shrine contained a statue of the god. The only people allowed to enter the shrine were priests and priestesses. Ziggurats were often used as storage and distribution centers for surplus crops.
Can you visit the ruins of Ur?
The country is facing very difficult times. The government has little budget to protect historical sites. When most sites have been damaged during the recent wars and are not protected now, UR is still kept in good conditions. You can climb to the top of the ziggurat and have a great view of the area.
What do ziggurats tell us about ancient Sumer?
An example of a simple ziggurat is the White Temple of Uruk, in ancient Sumer.... Its purpose is to get the temple closer to the heavens, and provide access from the ground to it via steps. The Mesopotamians believed that these pyramid temples connected heaven and earth.
What do ziggurats do in Civ 6?
It offers a 75% science boost to all cities with a Holy Site (you will have probably captured some off other civs in War-Cart conquests) at the cost of -25% culture in all cities.... Ziggurats are mostly useful for early science.
Who was the first known god?
Is Zeus a Marduk?
Like Zeus, Marduk is a sky god, and is of a younger generation of gods.... Similarly, since Hesiod's story tells the tale of Zeus' triumph, we can assume he intended the Theogony to serve not only as a creation myth but also a form of praise and honor to Zeus, the Greek king of the gods.
Is Marduk a demon?
Like many other ancient deities, Marduk was one of the earliest pagan god and the child of Enki and Damgalnuna. He would eventually battle the ancient monster Tiamat, becoming one of the many storm gods of the Chaoskampf, similar to Zeus, Thor, Hadad, Perun, Indra, Susanoo, and Tezcatlipoca.
Did Mesopotamians invent the wheel?
The wheel was invented in the 4th century BC in Lower Mesopotamia(modern-day Iraq), where the Sumerian people inserted rotating axles into solid discs of wood.... First, transport: the wheel began to be used on carts and battle chariots.
What is modern day ur called?
Ur, modern Tall al-Muqayyar or Tell el-Muqayyar, Iraq, important city of ancient southern Mesopotamia (Sumer), situated about 140 miles (225 km) southeast of the site of Babylon and about 10 miles (16 km) west of the present bed of the Euphrates River.
Are ziggurats still used today?
Though uncommon, the ziggurat is still used in architecture today.... Nowadays, ziggurats are chosen for aesthetic reasons. We can take, for instance, the well-known headquarters of the California DGS, an executive branch of California's government.


ngBindHtml directive
Sometimes, it might be necessary to bind a string of raw HTML. In this case, the ngBindHtml directive can be used in the same way as ngBind. The only difference will be that it does not escape the content in a secure way, which allows the browser to interpret it.
In order to use this directive, we will need the angular-sanitize.js dependency. It brings the ngBindHtml directive and protects the application against common cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks.
var parking = angular.module("parking", []);
parking.controller("parkingCtrl", function($scope) {
$scope.appTitle = "Parking";
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public safety departments around the world have implemented next-generation work centers that combine multiple data sources into a single, unified image using new technology and data analysis software. This will allow public security officials to assess the situation in real time and make appropriate decisions.
The definition of next-generation job centers is an example of real-time crime centers (RTCCs). Public safety departments can use data visualization, analytics, and artificial intelligence tools in RTCC to gain insights from old and real-time inputs. This skill allows for more accurate and faster decision making.
A cognitive engine, an artificial intelligence application capable of processing unstructured data from a variety of sources so that users – in this case public safety departments – can easily extract functional data, is a crucial enabling technology for this type of research. Law enforcement can use these cognitive engines to destroy and evaluate body camera material, edit multimedia, create transcripts, and more.
In the RTCC regulations, analysts and researchers can access 15-20 separate sources of information to identify a person of potential interest. Cognitive engines go through all of these sources and compile the data into aggregation displays and mapping systems, providing faster, more concise information to enable decision-making. Cognitive engines are also useful for law enforcement to improve transparency with the public outside of response functions. Cognitive engines can help authorities disclose information about police encounters with people more easily.
A cognitive engine is an artificial intelligence program that takes unstructured data, analyzes it, and then produces a structured result. Cognitive engines are used for many purposes. For example, there are engines for language recognition, translation, content detection, summary, emotional analysis and more, for example in the field of text analysis. Target recognition, license plate recognition, and optical character recognition are used for video analysis.
Benefits of cognitive engines for public safety
The use of cognitive motor technology in RTCC benefits public safety departments in many ways. One is enhanced transparency. The faster the evidence can be properly processed and corrected, the faster it can be released to the public. Cognitive engines are also force factors. They help reduce the resources and time staff need to analyze the evidence. Staff need to focus on more valuable work instead of time-consuming but low-value tasks such as editing and transcription
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Applied Safety + Ergonomics
Excerpt from Abstract
Various types of safety interventions (i.e., design attributes, guarding, personal protective equipment, training, warnings, etc.) can be, and often are, used to enhance safety with products or in environments. However, a safety intervention introduced into a system can, as with other changes to a system, produce secondary effects that have the potential to reduce the safety of the system rather than increase it as intended. One such effect…is that humans may adapt their behavior in the presence of a safety intervention and that this behavioral adaptation can create a continuum of effects ranging from a positive increase in safety to a net decrease in safety. Several examples of behavioral adaptation are provided and implications for human factors and safety professionals are discussed.
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Stress Management: "The Turn of the Tide"
Worry arises when we start to let doubts creep in about what could happen to us if things should go wrong in trying to reach our goals. Some people use a simple technique at the first sign of worry by switching on an imaginary "Cancel" button in their heads. Others with big worries may need a more structured approach such as the following one told by Stephen Covey in "The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People". It is based on a story written by Arthur Gordon called "The Turn of the Tide".
Washing Away Your Worries: "The Turn of the Tide"
In "The Turn of the Tide", Arthur Gordon recalls a time when he was overcome by negativism and worry. In the end, he went to see a physician who told him to spend the following day in the place where he had been happiest as a child. Then he gave him four prescriptions in sealed envelopes, to be opened at 9, 12, 3 and 6 o'clock the next day.
Gordon duly went back to his favourite retreat beside the sea. At 9 o'clock, he opened the first prescription. It read: "Listen carefully." Gordon sat back and did as instructed. For the rest of the morning he tuned in to the sounds of the birds and the sea and felt a growing peace.
At noon he opened the second prescription. It read: "Try Reaching Back." Gordon thought about the meaning of this phrase and allowed the many memories of his past to come flooding back to him. Reaching back, he recalled times of happiness, achievement and fulfilment.
When 3 o'clock came, he opened prescription number three and read: "Examine Your Motives". Gordon thought of the work he was engaged on at present. Slowly it dawned on him that all his present endeavours were aimed at satisfying his own needs. He changed his thoughts and motives so that they were aimed at satisfying the needs of others.
Finally, at 6 o'clock, Gordon opened the last prescription and read: "Write your worries in the sand." He did as instructed, writing the few remaining worries he had and turned homeward, knowing that the lapping waves would soon wash all his worries away.
(Re-printed with permission)
Lessons for Stress Management from "The Turn of the Tide"
Here are 6 lessons from the story of Arthur Gordon and "The Turn of the Tide" that can help you in your own stress management:
- turn worrying thoughts inside out. Instead of thinking about the worst that could happen, think about the best that could happen. Worry in positives.
- keep so busy that you have no time for worrying
- live in daytight compartments where you can take one step at a time
- don't let a small niggle or failure cloud the rest of what you've achieved.
- don't over-react to worries. The chances are that what you fear won't happen anyway.
- write your worries in the sand and let the tide carry them away. Then forget them.