text:
Nitrate vs Nitrite
Both nitrate and nitrite are oxy anions of Nitrogen. Although they both seem to look alike, there are differences between them. These differences can be with respect to their structure, bonding, geometrical shape, oxidation state of Nitrogen, chemical reactivity, uses of them and etc. These differences are mainly discussed here.
NO3- ion is the conjugate base of HNO3 (nitric V acid) which is a strong acid. It is a planer molecule with sp3 hybridization in Nitrogen atom. All three oxygen atoms are equivalent. There are 24 electrons in the valence shells. NO3- ion has the molecular weight of 62.004 g mol-1.
NO2- ion is the conjugate base of HNO2 (nitric III acid) which is a weak acid (pKa=3.5). It is also a planer molecule with sp2 hybridization. In the valence shells, there are only 18 electrons. NO2- ion has the molecular weight of 46.006 g mol-1.
When the bonding in both the ions are considered, in NO3- ion the pi bonding involves four 2pz atomic orbitals (one orbitla from N and three orbitals from 3 oxygen atoms). These four atomic orbitals form 4, four-centred pi molecular orbitals. The molecular orbital with the lowest energy is the bonding orbital. The orbital with the largest energy is the anti-bonding orbital. Other two orbitals are degenerate (equal in energy) which are non-bonding orbitals. In the case of NO2- ion, the pi bonding involves only three 2pz atomic orbitals. Here, the orbital with the lowest energy is the bonding orbital, the middle one is the non-bonding orbital, and the other one is the anti-bonding orbital. In both the ions, the bonding orbitals involve in making the σ-bond (sigma-bond) and non-bonding orbitals involve in making π-bonds (pi-bonds). Therefore, in NO3- ion each bond has a bond order of 11/3. 1 from σ-bond and 1/3 from the π-bonds. In NO2- ion, the bond order is 11/2. 1 from σ-bond and 1/2 from the π-bonds.
Although, both the ions are from the same electronic geometry, as the bond order is different, their geometrical shapes are also different. The NO3- ion has a shape of planer triangular and the NO2- ion has an angular shape (or V shape). The bond angles are also different. ONO bond angle of NO3- ion and NO2- ion are 1200 and 1150 respectively. The oxidation state of Nitrogen in both NO3- ion and NO2- ion are +5 and +3 respectively. Because of these reasons (especially the difference in bonding), the chemical reactivity (such as basicity, oxidizing/reducing ability, products of thermal decomposition of the compounds consist of these ions) is also different.
In practice, NO2- ion is a weaker base while NO3- ion is a very weaker base. When the oxidation state of Nitrogen atom in these ions is taken in to consideration, NO2- ion can act as a reducing agent as well as an oxidizing agent while NO3- ion can only act as an oxidizing agent.
The examples for products obtained from thermal decomposition of NO3- and NO2- ions containing compounds are given below to show the difference in reactivity.
Even, when they form complexes with metal ions they behave in a dissimilar manner. That is, NO2- ion acts as a monodentate ligand while NO3- ion acts as a bidentate ligand.
These differences in chemical reactivity help us to differentiate the uses of them. For example, nitrites are generally used in the processing of meat (sometimes nitrates are also used), and nitrates are used for producing of explosives. Nitrates are naturally occurring and are cancerous. But Nitrites are not cancerous.


text:
Photo: elaine faith (Flickr)
If your hair drier shrunk your head to the size of a grapefruit, you'd be astounded. If your wool pants shrank in the drier, you'd be angry but not amazed. How can clothing disobey the laws of common sense, and shrink in the laundry?
What Happens In The Laundry?
To understand why this happens, we need to take a closer look at the microscopic structure of natural fibers like wool.
Each thready strand you can see is composed of millions of long, tangled molecules called "polymer chains."
Microscopically, these start out coiled like miniature, tangled springs, something like a mass of tangled telephone cords. These curly molecules are stretched and straightened as the wool is carded and spun.
In your pants, the straightened polymer chains have a natural tendency to spring back to their original, tightly-coiled state. Fortunately for clothing manufacturers, it's not exactly easy for the natural fibers to do this.
In order to curl back up, they need a certain amount of energy. It's hard to picture this, because we're used to springs bouncing back to their original shape as soon as we take the tension off them.
These microscopic springs don't work that way though–they stay stretched out until they get a boost of energy to help them scrunch back up.
Hot Drier Or Hot Water
Running your pants through a hot drier, or washing them with hot water, can give them the energy they need to spring back. When this microscopic scrunching up happens all over the fabric, your pants shrink.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


What tool does a farmer use? Kids put their reasoning skills to the test as they match each worker with his tool. Kids love imagining about what they'll be when they grow up, and this exercise helps get them thinking about just that.
Check out Tools of the Trade #2 to learn about other jobs and their tools.


Moses Michael Hayes
A Brittle and Torn Manuscript: Conservation of an early Scottish Rite Patent
Hays patent before conservation by NEDCC_CROPPED In selecting an item for conservation this spring, I chose a Scottish Rite patent from Henry Andrew Francken (_PHONE_) to Moses Michael Hays (_PHONE_). The document was in poor condition. Up until the mid-19th century, paper was generally made from linen and rags, materials which contribute to their physical integrity and longevity. The later nineteenth-century practice of adding cheaper wood pulp in the paper-making practice is what contributes to the type of brittle paper that we usually attribute to many late 19th-century newspapers, books, and other documents. (For more on this topic, and other factors that contribute toward paper deteriorating, check out the Library of Congress's helpful page on the subject). Despite being from a period when we might expect paper to be strong, the Hays patent was very brittle because the iron gall ink had burned through the document in several places. In addition, there were many tears and breaks along the folds of the manuscript and the upper left portion of the manuscript was detached (see photo at left).
In anticipation of the upcoming 200th anniversary (_PHONE_) of the birth of the Supreme Council, Northern Masonic Jurisdiction, Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite, I selected this document for conservation. This is a very early and important Scottish Rite patent, a manuscript copy in Hays' handwriting, and dated 1768. The location of Francken's original patent to Hays is unknown. On December 6, 1768, Francken appointed Hays to be a Deputy Inspector General for the West Indies and North America. This appointment and patent gave Hays the authority to confer the degrees of the Order of the Royal Secret upon selected Master Masons. The twenty-five degrees of the Order of the Royal Secret (often called the Rite of Perfection) was a precursor to the Scottish Rite, which was officially formed in 1801. Hays, born to a Dutch family in New York, lived in New York City at the time that Francken deputized him. A year later, in 1769, Hays was made the first Master of the newly formed King David's Lodge, a lodge whose namesake reflects the Jewish faith of its first officers (the silversmith Myer Myers was Senior Warden, and Isaac Moses was Junior Warden). Hays later relocated to Newport Rhode Island and then Boston. Hays served as Grand Master Massachusetts Grand Lodge from 1788-92.
Hays patent after
conservation by NEDCC_CROPPEDThe document was taken to the Northeast Document Conservation Center (NEDCC) in Andover, Massachusetts, which specializes in preservation and conservation of paper-based objects. Here, their trained professionals cleaned the document using dry cleaning techniques to reduce surface soil. Then, the document was immersed in a filtered water and alcohol bath to clean the paper and reduce acidity. After this, the item was alkalized (or deacidified) with a calcium hydroxide solution. The document was later backed with Japanese paper and wheat starch paste to mend tears and fill in losses to provide overall support. Lastly, it was humidified again and dried flat between blotters under light pressure.
When the document was completely dry, it was encapsulated in a polyester film (Melinex) to protect against dirt, handling, and atmospheric pollution (see photo at right). This important manuscript can now be viewed and studied in preparation for the 200th anniversary of the Supreme Council.
New to the Collection: Ladle by Myer Myers
2006_014T2 Paul Revere's (_PHONE_) work as a silversmith is celebrated, yet he was not the only accomplished craftsman in 18th-century America. A silver ladle made by New York silversmith Myer Myers (_PHONE_), now in the National Heritage Museum collection, demonstrates equal skill.
The ladle, engraved with initials "TBS" on the handle, dates to the _PHONE_ period. Ladles like this were used to serve both hot and cold liquids; while this piece was probably owned and used in a private household, it is possible that Myers made similar pieces for Masonic lodges where members shared punch.
Jewish silversmith Myer Myers served his apprenticeship in New York City and opened his own shop around 1750. The city experienced prosperity during the pre-Revolutionary decades and had no shortage of well-to-do patrons who could afford fine silver. Myers was extremely productive and found unique ways to build his business. He was the first New York silversmith to use a surname mark, which provided name recognition when his silver was used by its purchasers. He was also the first New York silversmith to form a partnership with another silversmith, an innovative business strategy at the time. During the Revolution, Myers actively supported the American patriots, but did not fight in the War himself. He moved his family to Norwalk, Connecticut to keep them out of harm's way and continued his silversmithing business there to support himself, his wife and his thirteen children.
Myers became a Mason in New York in the 1760s, and was a member of King David's Lodge. Through his sister's marriage, Myers was brother-in-law to Moses Michael Hays, who served as Grand Master of the Massachusetts (Independent) Grand Lodge from 1788 to 1792.
David L. Barquist, Myer Myers: Jewish Silversmith in Colonial New York. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2001.
Ladle, _PHONE_, Myer Myers (_PHONE_), New York City, National Heritage Museum, gift of Ira and Samuel Seskin in memory of Joel A. and Celia S. Seskin, 2006.014. Photograph by David Bohl.


text:
Reliable Industries is considering the construction of a power plant investment in India. Reliable analysts calculate that the cost of building the plant is $600 million, and the IRR of the plant is 13%. The analysts also estimate that given the experience of building the first plant, a second plant can be built for $550 million, and additional plants can be built for $500 million each.
1. How would you go about evaluating whether to build or not to build this power plant in India?
2. Are you evaluating a project or a strategy?
3. How does the risk associated with the power plant strategy compare with the risk associated with the individual power plants?

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Validasi Nilai Erosivitas Hujan Dari Data Penginderaan Jauh TRMM 3B42 Di Bali Selatan
AbstractRainfall erosivity is a measure for the erosive force of rainfall. Rainfall kinetic energydetermines the erosivity and is in turn greatly dependent on rainfall intensity. Research hasbeen conducted to validate monthly rainfall erosivity derived from the Tropical Rainfall MeasuringMission (TRMM) Multisatellite Precipitation Analysis(TMPA)3B43 version 7 usingraingauge data analysis from 2003 to 2012. Rain gauge located in the south Bali regions wereemployedto monitor erosivity value from two different methods that are base on Bols (1978)andAbdurachman(1989). Therelationship of erosivity and their other factor from TRMM3B43andrain gauge data statistical analysis measures consisted of the linear correlation coefficient,themean bias error (MBE), and the root mean square error (RMSE). Data validation wasconductedwith point-by-point analysis. The results of these analyses indicate that satellitedatahave lower values than the gauge estimation values. The point-by-point analysis indicatedsatellite data values of high to very high correlation, while values of MBE and RMSEtendedto indicate underestimations with high square errors. Moreover,monthly rainfall erosivityderived from TRMM give high correlation from both methods, with has high bias androot-mean-squareerror. In general, the data from TRMM3B43 version 7 are potentially usabletoreplace rain gauge data based on erosivity estimation, but after inconsistencies and errorsaretaken into account.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- All articles published by Bumi Lestari Journal of Environment and Environmental Reseach Center Udayana University are made available under an open access license worldwide immediately. This means everyone has free and unlimited access to the full-text of all articles published in Bumi Lestari Journal of Environment, and everyone is free to re-use the published material given proper accreditation/citation of the original publication. Open access publication is supported by authors' institutes or research funding agency by payment of a comparatively article processing charge for accepted articles (See Author Fees). Bumi Lestari Journal of Environment and Environmental Reseach Center Udayana University publish articles under the Creative Commons Attribution License.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).


text:
You are here:
abbreviation of: 2-Photon Tomography
Two-Photon Tomography, also Multi-Photon-Tomography, is a non-linear optical microscopic method, that enables to reconstruct images of the frequency doubled signal.
abbreviation of: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
abbreviation of: Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product
abbreviation of: Coherent anti-stokes Raman spectroscopy
Coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering can be applied for imaging of a coherent Raman signal at non-linear excitation.
abbreviation of: Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology
The Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology is an international research center at the Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology of the Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin.
definition: Charité 3R
Charité 3R – Replace | Reduce | Refine – promotes the development of innovative methods in biomedical research with the objective of replacing animal experiments, reducing their number or refining experiments in order to relieve the burden placed on laboratory animals. With the over-arching goal of improving biomedical translation into applicable therapies for the human patient in mind, Charité 3R is an interdisciplinary effort to improve both medicine and animal welfare. Charité 3R will stimulate research in all 3Rs and consequently foster the development of novel alternative methods.
abbreviation of: Confocal Raman Microscopy
Confocal Raman Microscopy is a spectroscopic method, allowing to record Raman spectra with high spatial resolution using a confocal microscope.
abbreviation of: computed tomography
abbreviation of: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
German Research Foundation
abbreviation of: Fluorescence Lifetime Microscopy
Fluorescence Lifetime Microscopy is a microscopic method, that allows to reconstruct images based on the fluorescence lifetime of scanned measurement points of a sample.
abbreviation of: high pressure liquid chromatography
High pressure liquid chromatography is an analystic method for the identification and quantification of constituents of a sample.
abbreviation of: Laser Scanning Microscopy
Laser Scanning Microscopy is a light-microscopic method, allowing to reconstruct images by scanning with a laserbeam over a sample.
abbreviation of: Magnetic resonance imaging
abbreviation of: Near Infrared
The near infrared spectral region extends from 780 nm to 3 µm.
Optical Coherence Tomography is a measurement method, that allows to record depth-dependent images of a sample, based on the interference of the backscattered light.
abbreviation of: Stratum Corneum
The Stratum Corneum is the outermost layer of the skin, consisting of corneocytes embedded in a matrix of intercellular lipids.
abbreviation of: Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy can be used for Raman spectroscopic identification for enhanced Raman signals at metallicor nano structured surfaces.
abbreviation of: transepidermal water loss
The transepidermal water loss determines the amount of free water evaporating out of the skin surface.
abbreviation of: tissue tolerable plasma
Tissue tolerable plasma is cold atmospheric plasma, that can be applied for medical disinfection.
abbreviation of: Universal sun protection factor
The universal sun protection factor considers additionally to UV-radiation, also the influence of radiation in the visible and near infrared spectral region.
abbreviation of: Ultraviolet rediation
The ultraviolet spectral range extends from 10 nm to 400 nm.


text:
We used a database of the frequency with which a term has appeared in the pages of The New York Times to measure how food trends have propagated across the country. But we omitted the food trend of the century in the process.
Pizza is now ubiquitous, considered the consummate American food despite its Italian origins. But it wasn't always so. It did not start receiving regular mentions in The Times until the 1950s. In that era, it was a newfangled ethnic food just starting to make inroads into the American palate.
For a sense of pizza's epic rise toward the center of the American diet, take a look at the food battle of the century, between pizza and hamburgers, as reflected in Times coverage.
There were scattered references to hamburgers in The Times going back to the 1850s, and by the start of the 20th century they were mentioned at least a couple of dozen times a year before reaching a prewar peak of 206 stories mentioning the hamburger in 1939.
But starting in the 1950s, pizza's campaign to become the 20th century casual food of choice was underway. It first surpassed hamburger in Times coverage in 1976. The two bounced around in close competition for the remainder of the 1970s, but in 1982 they diverged, and pizza never looked back.Continue reading the main story
By the time pizza references peaked, in 2011, the word was contained in 1,183 Times articles, nearly six times the 214 articles containing the word hamburger. (Adding cheeseburger to the mix doesn't radically change the results; the word adds only 68 articles to hamburger's 2011 total).
If you are curious about a third competitor for the throne of Top American Casual Food, prepare to be disappointed. Hot dog has almost never been top dog. There were two brief exceptions in 1925 and 1928, when the term surpassed hamburger. But otherwise, the 20th century was an era of hamburger dominance until pizza came along.
There was one bright spot for team hot dog back in 2009. The term surpassed hamburger in Times appearances for the first time since 1928. By that point, of course, both were far outranked by pizza references.
Actually, both hamburgers and hot dogs have a new competitor for second place. Tacos had long lagged both in Times references, but since 2011 has narrowly edged hamburgers and hot dogs for the No. 2 spot among casual foods in Times references. (There were also a surprisingly high number of "taco" mentions in the 19th century, but these appear to be more an artifact of the challenges of digitizing very old text than an early outbreak of coverage of Mexican street food. Kevin Drum raised this strange matter of the apparent 19th-century taco boom here.)
There is a broader point to be made about America as a cultural melting pot. After all, hamburgers and hot dogs are both Americanized versions of German dishes, and they have now been supplanted by foods with origins in Italy and Mexico. But rather than consider these themes further, we are now getting hungry and have a few ideas for solving that problem.Continue reading the main story


text:
It's Spider!
Ancient spider revealed in 3-D
Scientists used digital wizardry to scan bug through its amber grave. The male spider is about the size of a pinhead (or a stack of three salt grains) and lived during the early Eocene epoch, from about 55 million to nearly 34 million years ago.
King Tut is only 3300 years old.


text:
Landscapes of Development analyzes the impact of development policies and politics on the physical environment of the Eastern Mediterranean, a region defined here not as a rigid geographical area but as a larger cultural context. Since the end of World War II, the drive toward development has featured dreams of progress and emancipation intertwined with processes of reconstruction, decolonization, and nation-building, as well as transnational agendas for socioeconomic restructuring (capitalist or otherwise) and larger postwar/Cold War power politics. In physical terms, the drive toward development has been responsible for the rapid growth of metropolitan centers, the radical restructuring of rural landscapes, and the proliferation of dams, irrigation systems, and other infrastructures.
Eight essays examine formal manifestations of development, placing the spotlight on urban and rural schemes, housing projects, and agro-landscapes and dams from Israel to Turkey, and from Greece to Syria. These contributions are all grounded in new scholarly research, employing a variety of critical tools to situate built works within the larger sociopolitical context that influenced their design and implementation, and to reflect on their social, cultural, and environmental impact.


Calculations of illuminance for a given interior include the portions of Luminous Flux contributed by all simultaneously illuminated luminaires plus the light reflected from the room perimeter (walls, ceiling, floor). Illuminance can be calculated for any given point from the Luminous Intensity of a light source and the Distance between the light source and the illuminated surface.
Horizontal or vertical Illuminance at a given point (point illuminance) can be calculated from Luminous Intensity and the relevant geometrical conditions from the following formulae:
Horizontal illuminance Eh
Vertical illuminance Ev
Cylindrical illuminance Ez
Cylindrical Illuminance Ez is the average of vertical illuminance in all directions (usually 4) around a point (on a vertical axis).


text:
HD1527.O7 O74 2001
Although agricultural workers have played a significant role in Oregon's economic success for over 140 years, their contributions have gone largely unheralded. While farmworkers cannery workers, and tree planters are vital to the state's economy, few Oregonians know much about their occupations, their experiences, or the people themselves.
Combining extensive archival material with powerful personal accounts, scholarly commentary and an original sound track, The Oregon Story: Agricultural Workers relates the diverse history of agricultural work in this state from the late 1800s to the present day.
In the peak months, as many as 86,000 farmworkers and their families live in Oregon, often in substandard housing and with children struggling in school. This program explores how the issues of poverty, poor housing, and inadequate education affect agricultural workers, but with an optimistic, forward-looking spirit about the possibilities for change. Woven from the stories of individuals who have lived the farmworker's life, this program is, above all, about people. It is rich with wonderful characters who are likely to linger in viewers' memories for a long time.
Contact Us: _PHONE_,


text:
Camp Misty Mount:
A Place for Regrowth--
By looking at Camp Misty Mount: A Place for Regrowth, students can more easily appreciate a successful WPA project that continues to meet the recreational needs of individuals and organized groups and has helped the forest to regrow.
National Park Service
- Catoctin Mountain Park is a unit of the National Park System. The park's Web site details the history of the park and visitation information. Included on the site are features on the Works Progress Administration and the Civilian Conservation Corps, such retreats as Camp David and Camp Misty Mount, and the role of the charcoal/iron industries in the Catoctin Mountain Park.
- The National Park Service's Park Geology Web site offers a brief history of the Catoctin Mountains including information on the different inhabitants who affected the land.
- The National Park Service's History Web page provides an on-line book titled, The Civilian Conservation Corps and the National Park Service, _PHONE_: An Administrative History. Included in the book is a history of the CCC and an examinination of the role of the National Park Service.
Maryland Department of Housing and Community Development (DHCD)
For a better understanding of Maryland's preservation efforts visit the DHCD's Division of Historical and Cultural Programs. This division is charged with identifying, studying, evaluating, preserving, protecting, and interpreting Maryland's significant prehistoric and historic sites, districts, structures, cultural landscapes, heritage areas, and cultural objects and artifacts, as well as less tangible human and community traditions.
The New Deal:
Library of Congress
Search the American Memory Historical Collection of the Library of Congress for further documentation on the New Deal and the Works Progress Administration (WPA). Included on the site are photographs from the Great Depression, manuscripts from the Federal Writers' Project, numerous documents and photographs of WPA workers and their projects, and much more.
National Archives and Records Administration (NARA)
The New Deal Network
The New Deal Network is an educational Web site sponsored by the Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute and the Institute for Learning Technologies. The New Deal Network offers over 4000 images and 500 articles, speeches, and letters relating to the New Deal. Also included on the site is a comprehensive on-line resource page on the Great Depression and New Deal that offers links specifically applicable to K-12.


text:
Calculations with different methods
- 938.188 miles
- 1509.867 kilometers
- 815.263 nautical miles
Vincenty's formula calculates the distance between latitude/longitude points on the earth's surface, using an ellipsoidal model of the earth.Haversine formula
- 935.419 miles
- 1505.411 kilometers
- 812.857 nautical miles
The haversine formula calculates the distance between latitude/longitude points assuming a spherical earth (great-circle distance).
Estimated flight time from Fort Albany Airport (YFA) to Wollaston Lake Airport (ZWL) is 2 hours 16 minutes.
Time difference and current local times
The time difference between Fort Albany and Wollaston Lake is 2 hours. Wollaston Lake is 2 hours behind Fort Albany.
Carbon dioxide emissions
Estimated CO2 emissions per passenger is 135 kg (297 pounds).
Fort Albany to Wollaston Lake flight map.
Frequent Flyer Miles Calculator
Fort Albany (YFA) → Wollaston Lake (ZWL).


such as:
'selectors_dictionary' => [
 'top' => 'flex-start',
 'middle' => 'center',
 'bottom' => 'flex-end',
'selectors' => [
 '{{WRAPPER}}.elementor-price-table__currency' => 'align-self: {{VALUE}}',
Or use it for multiple declarations expanded from single-word options:
'selectors_dictionary' => [
 'left' => 'right: auto; left: 0',
 'right' => 'left: auto; right: 0',
'selectors' => [
 '{{WRAPPER}}.elementor-wc-products ul.products li.product span.onsale' =>
Don't forget CSS variables and calc!
One thing I like about programming is that it's like a puzzle. Before you ditch the selectors in favor of writing a more elaborate code to handle values, think again. Almost everything can be solved with the tools I present here. Especially when you remember that besides leveraging dynamic values of selectors in Elementor, you could:
A combination like this allowed me to create a single slider to control two different things, depending on the value of another setting
The following defines a CSS variable, and is from the Scale % slider:
'selectors' => [
 '{{WRAPPER}}.sde' => '--sde-scale-percentage: {{SIZE}};'
I use that CSS variable in two places. One is the Scale the cropped switch that simulates toggling between two selectors. The variable gets passed on to another (for use by Gap, see it later). When the switcher is on:
'selectors' => [
 '{{WRAPPER}}.sde' =>
 'transform: scale(var(--sde-scale-percentage)) scale(0.01);
 --sde-scale-pct-for-gap: var(--sde-scale-percentage);'
There is a hidden control that depends on the switch being off and contains a similar declaration but with another selector (notice it).
'condition' => [
 'scale_the_cropped!' => 'cropped'
'selectors' => [
 '{{WRAPPER}}.sde svg' =>
As an extra, the Gap setting has this:
'selectors' => [
 '{{WRAPPER}}.sde' =>
 calc({{SIZE}}{{UNIT}} / (var(--sde-scale-pct-for-gap, 100) / 100)) 0;'
There you go, calc with a variable that even has a fallback! The Gap means some extra space above and below an element (with padding). But if transforms scale that, some math should counteract the adjustment. The equation doubles the gap for something that's at half size. When not scaling the whole thing, this is not needed, hence the fallback (100/100).
Stacking transforms
You might ask, why the variable, why the double scale? I wanted to give users the usual 0-100 slider, so the value is a given. There had to be a way to divide it by 100. Initially, it looked like this:
transform: scale(calc(var(--sde-scale-percentage) / 100));
But Edge doesn't support calc() in transforms, bummer. We get the same effect by stacking transforms of the same type, as browsers perform them sequentially.
A scale(0.01) is just a division by 100.
When developing SVG Divider for Elementor, I relied on selectors to minimize the number of settings that visibly reload or re-init the widget in the live editor. Check it out for more examples on how these work in real life, or as always, learn from Elementor's code. For my research, I scanned about a thousand uses of 'selectors' in both pro and free. Furthermore, I went on their Github to grasp the more advanced pieces that they don't even use. So, I hope this article covered everything.
Elementor's relevant source file:
 1. elementor/core/files/css/base.php
 2. Look for the add_control_rules() method.
By now, you should be familiar with selectors in Elementor controls. If you treat this concept as a puzzle and think hard, you'll come up with solutions that don't require any other code. Don't hesitate to share your thoughts and questions in the comments below!
Did you learn anything new about'selectors'?
This site is powered by Elementor
 - This site is powered by Elementor
Related Posts
Leave a Reply
Show your photos with Justified Image Grid!


MartinLogan SL3 loudspeaker Manufacturer's Comment part 2
What is the difference between the near field and the far field?
In the far field the dispersion pattern can be described in terms of angles and a constant (1/R) term. Meaning the radiation pattern is independent of the distance. In the near field, this is not the case. The radiation pattern is dependent on the distance.
What the hell does all this mean to us?
What it means is that a person sitting 3' away from the speaker will hear something different than a person sitting 10' away, even if they are at the same angle to the speaker. How then do we get a fair measurement of the speaker's frequency response? The way it is done at ML is to set the speaker up according to the owner's manual and measure the response. This is usually done at a distance to the speaker of 9-12'. The SL3's response curve at 10' is shown in fig.2. (Note: 8.9V at 3.2m is scaled such that a 90dB/2.8V/m point-source speaker would read 90dB on this graph.)
Fig.2 Martin-Logan SL3, response on-axis at 3.2m, 8.9V input level (5dB/vertical div.).
The speaker has been designed so that a person who takes these speakers home, reads through the owner's manual, and sets them up accordingly will achieve a response similar to the one shown above. The most critical part of the set-up is to get the speaker positioned so that when the listener looks at the curve of the ESL element they see the inside third of the panel.—Gayle M. Sanders, Martin-Logan Ltd.


Abbe Nicolas Louis de Lacaille (1713 - 1762) was a French astronomer who had the honor of naming 15 of the 88 constellations. He studied the stars of the southern hemisphere from his observatory at the Cape of Good Hope in Africa from 1750 - 1754.
Lacaille is often considered to be the first person ever to systematically observe the whole sky, an honor also ascribed to John Herschel, although Lacaille used a much smaller 1/2" telescope.
16 years before Charles Messier started to work on his catalog, Lacaille had already observed 10,000 celestial objects, as well as catalogued 42 nebulous objects. There are several remarkable objects and original discoveries in Lacaille's list, most notable is M83, the first galaxy beyond the Local Group to be discovered.
The constellations he named all got "scientific" names, with the exception of Mensa:


Croquembouche with Meyer lemon cream
Croquembouche + Meyer lemon cream = 2 burnt fingers
Every single time! So please make it at your own risk.
Croquembouche with Meyer lemon cream
(Based on recipes for chouquette and lemon curd)
375 ml water
3/4 tsp salt
1 1/2 tbs sugar
9 tbs unsalted butter
200 g all-purpose flour (finely sifted)
6 eggs
Lemon cream:
3 Meyer lemons and 1 lime
5 large eggs
150g sugar
1 tbs cornstarch
9 tbs unsalted butter (cubed)
250 ml heavy cream
500 g sugar
2 tbs light corn syrup
1/2 cup water
To make choux:
 1. Preheat oven to 400F.
 2. Line 2 baking sheets with parchment papers or silpat.
 3. In a medium sauce pan, heat the water, salt, sugar, and butter until bubbles form and butter is melted.
 4. Remove the pot from the heat heat and stir in all the flour.
 5. Use a spatula or wooden spoon, mix vigorously until the mixture forms a smooth ball and pulls away from the sides of the pan.
 6. Allow the dough cool slightly (about 5 mins), then add one egg at a time, mix until the dough is smooth and shiny.
 7. Use a spoon, or a piping bag fitted with a wide tip, form or pipe the dough into a 1″ ball.
 8. Bake for 25 minutes.
To make lemon cream:
 1. Zest lemons. Set aside.
 2. Juice lemons (and lime if using) through a sieve to eliminate seeds and pulps.
 3. Use a whisk to combine lemon juice, corn starch, eggs, and sugar in a heated-proof bowl.
 4. Add butter.
 5. Set this bowl over simmering water. Whisk constantly until the mixture becomes thicken, about 18-20 minutes.
 6. Remove from the heat and pass the curd through a strainer into a bowl.
 7. Whisk in the lemon zest.
 8. In a medium bowl, use a handheld mixer to beat heavy cream until stiff.
 9. Fold the cream into the lemon curd and mix until combined.
To assemble:
 1. Use a piping bag fitted with a pointy tip.
 2. Fill the bag with lemon cream.
 3. Pipe the lemon cream into each choux.
 4. Set aside.
To make caramel:
 1. Heat sugar + light corn syrup + water in a large skillet over medium-high heat.
 - Note: Do not stir otherwise the sugar will become crystalized.
 2. Turn off the heat when the sugar turns amber.
To make choux tower:
 1. Carefully deep 12 filled choux in the caramel, one at a time.
 2. Arrange them to create a round base. Use the caramel to glue the choux together.
 3. Continue building the tower by dipping and "gluing" filled choux on top of the base.
 4. Finally, use a fork to dip into the caramel and spin a web of sugar around the tower.


text:
After repair or maintenance, hydrostatic testing Singapore is also applied to existing equipment and pipelines for inspection. Around the period during the plant the number of hydrostatic jobs increases. Because at that time, most devices are opened to check, inspection, cleanup, repair, replace some parts or do internal research.
The use of high pressure is the main source of risk associated with hydrostatic pressure testing. Hydrostatic testing does power stores. High pressure facilities are harmful and there is a risk of worker safety. You can include it in your risky identification.


Belarusian Flag of Belarus
There is only one DBT template for Belarusian: Belarusian - Basic.
For the details about the DBT translator used by Belarusian: click here.
Uncontracted Braille
This language is usually produced in uncontracted braille, which means that words in the text are rendered in braille on a one-for-one basis: one braille character for each inkprint letter. Some inkprint punctuation may require more than one braille character. Indicating upper case, emphasis, or numbers also adds braille characters to the character count. However, the braille contains no abbreviations or contractions.
If you have questions about producing correct braille, please contact a member of the appropriate braille authority.
The default math braille code for this template is Russian math.
Non-Roman Script
Belarusian is written in a script other than the Roman alphabet. This can occasionally cause problems when importing files to DBT. The best result is usually achieved by importing files from Microsoft Word or Open Office that are written in Unicode fonts. You can contact Duxbury Systems if you have file that does not import properly into DBT. Please send the original inkprint file with your request, not a screen shot of the DBT screen.


[The Tech][overview][next]
The R in laser stands for radiation.
radiation image
Radiation is a word that has a bad reputation. It is a general term for anything that is radiated, or given off by an object. For lasers, radiation refers to the photons which are being emitted.
That's the last letter of laser and that's basically how a laser is made.
Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation
Learn more about light and photons.


How To Combat A Taller Fighter In Boxing
A taller fighter can pose a whole heap of problems for boxers who are not as blessed in the height department. It is almost certain that a fighter of an average height will come up against a taller fighter at some point, so formulating a plan to tackle a taller fighter will be something you and your coach can work on even before this happens.
What Makes Taller Fighters Tricky?
Quite simply, it generally comes down to their reach. Taller fighters typically have a longer reach, which makes it difficult to get inside and score. The enhanced reach many taller fighters enjoy also makes it easier for them to establish striking range. Many fighters blessed with taller statures and longer arms, therefore, adopt a style based almost exclusively on holding their opponents off with a solid jab and landing straight shots from behind it.
When fighting a taller fighter with a longer reach, it can often feel like battling an opponent who is almost standing on a hill. The main advantage to his reach is that he can land quicker, and cut angles much faster following a successful punch. This, of course, makes things difficult for a shorter fighter. If a taller opponent is in any way aware of the perks he holds in this department – and he more than certainly will be – it could spell for a long and frustrating night. That is unless you use his strongest attributes against them.
Rather than staying on the outside and waiting for your opening, it is almost always a better option to bring the fight to the taller opponent. Simply sitting back and allowing the rangier fighter to pick you off with jabs and straights will rarely end well. The key to beating a fighter who bosses the height department is to get inside and keep the fight there, for as long as possible.
The Basics
It sounds so easy: get inside and bring the fight to them. In reality, things will be a lot trickier. A shorter fighter will invariably have to deal with both the offense and defense of a taller boxer to get within range to attack. Expect to take shots, be pushed back, tied up, hit on the way out and be forced to move in from a reset position to have any chance of being in a position to land a shot.
Employing lateral movement and feints are also important to getting inside and within range to land. Doubling up the jab, mixing in feints, and demonstrating unpredictability and variety in punches thrown, for example, can confuse the taller fighter, who may be waiting to establish a platform to counter off. Shorter steps forward also help.
A shorter fighter will also find it easier to get inside a taller fighter who is trapped in a corner, or against the ropes. This can negate their ability to take advantage of their reach, and land step-back counter punches, too. Their ability to defend against the hooks, uppercuts and close range attacks of fighters who are smaller in stature also decreases from this position of vulnerability.
Getting Inside a Taller Fighter Using Pressure
A shorter fighter will invariably need to close the distance against a taller fighter. Luckily, there are some tried and tested ways of getting close enough to land on a fighter with a height and reach advantage. This is not to say that these are foolproof blueprints by any means, and many of these techniques will need some form of modification to work, depending on the opponent.
Aim to con the taller opponent into throwing a jab, from there you can either move under it or slip to the side and counter. Your aim should be to approach your opponent, either directly or from a narrow-angle, and move under the lead punch and attack the body. Once inside, you have the opportunity to take away your opponent's legs with body shots.
A fighter who was known for his ability to neutralize taller opponents' reach and height advantages was heavyweight legend, Mike Tyson. "Iron Mike" would aggressively pressurize opponents into making errors to get inside and cause damage with hooks and uppercuts. In the example below, watch how the 5' 10" Tyson worked his way inside the 6' 5" Tyrell Biggs, often using this technique, and variations of it.
A key aspect of Tyson's technique was his exceptional head movement and peek-a-boo defense, which allowed him to bob, weave, and slip his opponent's punches to create ways inside.
Combating a Taller but Aggressive Fighter
Another example of how a shorter fighter can overcome the height advantages of his opponent is by a sound understanding the importance of distance. Floyd Mayweather Jr. was a master of creating the illusion of a shorter distance between him and his opponent. In his masterclass against the late Diego Corrales in 2001, Mayweather faced a much taller and more aggressive opponent.
One aspect of how Mayweather baited Corrales forward was by creating the illusion that he was closer than he actually was. Mayweather's technique was to allow his head to sit over his lead leg, which invited his opponent to throw a shot, before pulling back. As the defensive master had effectively conned Corrales into believing he was within range – only for his opponent to find out too late that he had, in fact, overextended – Mayweather could then land a counter punch and move out of range.
For any smaller but faster fighter looking to find a way to deal with a taller opponent who moves forward frequently, this fight is essential viewing.
Things to Remember When Dealing With a Taller Opponent
The ultimate goal is to create the distance from which to land. A fighter's methods will vary depending on the style of the taller fighter. What is generally standard practice is that a smaller fighter with a shorter reach will have to snake his way past the guard of the boxer with the height advantage.
Overhands, hooks, and uppercuts can only be thrown once the distance is right, so the aim is to keep the opponent guessing, off-balance and disrupted as possible until an opening is created.
More in Boxing
Also On Evolve
The Road To The Black Belt
The Road To The Black Belt


text:
East Asian Art
Lidded Sutra Box with Design of Peonies, Leafy Fronds, and Long-Tailed BirdsMade in Japan, Asia
Momoyama Period (_PHONE_), Late 16th century
Artist/maker unknown, Japanese
Black lacquer on wood with gold lacquer decoration
Currently not on view
2002-197-1a,bPurchased with the Hollis Family Foundation Fund, 2002
LabelThis box was made to contain sutras, the sacred texts of Buddhism. The gold lacquer motif on the lid and sides is the so-called hosoge karakusa pattern: the imaginary hosoge (jewel-faced flower) is probably based on the peony and is closely associated with Buddhism, while karakusa (Chinese grasses) refers to the vine motifs that originated with the early Buddhist implements imported to Japan in the sixth century. The floral design was created by sprinkling a light layer of gold dust on a ground of black lacquer.


text:
African American Civil War Museum
MCN Build modernized the African American Civil War Museum into a centerpiece of the U Street community. The modern historical attraction features interactive display areas, interactive video screens, and observation areas. Commemorating the more than 200,000 U.S. soldiers who served in the United States Colored Troops during the Civil War, these modern, highly educational exhibitions highlight the soldiers and their stories.
African America Civil War Museum
Devrouax & Purnell Architects


text:
PUPILS are getting a unique lesson — from the world's first ROBOT teacher.
The humanoid named Saya is multilingual, can do roll calls and set tasks from text books.
See more pics of the amazing robot below
Behind her latex face — modelled on a university student — 18 motors create expressions including happiness, surprise, fear, disgust, sadness and even anger.
Saya will start teaching after passing a trial term at a Tokyo primary.
Her creator, science professor Hiroshi Kobayashi, had been working on the robot for 15 years.
The original, named Pikarin, had a metal head with exposed wires and levers.
ROBOTS could replace real army medics in ten years, developers in California revealed yesterday.


interesting facts about snails for kids
Snails are one of the ancient living animals on this earth. Their ancestors have been around for 500 million years. They have many interesting characteristics and can be a great pet option for your kids.
We have listed some popular and engaging snail facts for kids in this article. Hope you have a fun time reading it.
11 Most Interesting & Fun Facts about Snails for Kids
Snails are often kept as pets in houses. Be it the land snail or the freshwater one. Kids have an amazing love and curiosity about this small animal. But be careful while petting one as they can be vigorous plant-eaters. So make sure you keep your plants away and safe from them.
1. Ever heard of snail races?
The snails that are found on land are very slow. The reason behind this is the absence of bones inside their body. They use muscle tissues to move. Their speed is usually between 0.5 – 0.7 inches per second.
They leave a trail behind while moving because of the slime they release which is a lubricant that helps them move forward. People have fun organising snail races in various parts of the world.
snail facts and information for kids
2. They can not hear sounds
Snails belong to the class of gastropods and the animals belonging to this class cannot hear as they lack ears. Snails have eyes and olfactory organs that help them to survive. Their sense of smell helps them majorly to search for food.
Although they do not need a large amount of food and can adapt well to the conditions they live in. They prefer to live near the availability of food. They can see objects that are very near to them.
3. They carry their home on their back
It is the most attractive feature of snails. They carry a spiral-shaped shell on their back. They are born with this shell and the shells are soft at birth but harden afterwards. It is made up of calcium carbonate and protects their soft body and internal organs such as their lungs.
It also protects them from predators. They withdraw themselves inside it when they sense danger and during hibernation and sleeping. They can not survive without this shell as it also protects them from the climatic conditions of their habitat.
4. You can find them almost everywhere
Snails are found in almost every corner of the world except for the polar regions due to the excessive cold. You can find them on rocks as well as leaves. You can also find them under the water and stems of the plants.
They can adapt to human habitats as well and live in gardens and public parks. They live in rainforests, woodlands, and limestone and Rocky outcrops. They are also found in grasslands.
5. They are ancient animals
The ancestors of the snails are some of the ancient animals that existed on earth. Their fossils have been found and researched and it is revealed that they existed around 500 million years ago.
Their lifespan is limited to 3 – 7 years in the wild. However, they are known to survive longer in captivity, up to 10 – 15 years or even longer. You can think of getting one as a pet for your kid.
6. They are eaten by humans
The land snails have been made to the diet of humans for centuries. The European countries of Spain and France have considered them a delicacy. However, they are not common in diets everywhere.
They can be a good source of calcium for humans and other animals as well. Their consumption should be monitored carefully because some of them are attacked by parasites which when consumed by humans or animals might cause severe diseases.
7. They possess thousands of teeth
Snails possess tongues like humans but their tongues are different in the way that they have rows of tiny teeth on them. These are also known as radula instead of teeth.
The snails can have around 15,000 – 20,000 of such teeth which helps them in grinding the food that they eat. They use their tongue to scrape off the food such as leaves, which is their favourite. They are also considered pests as they can destroy large amounts of crops on farms.
8. They have both gills and lungs
Depending on the species, snails can possess both lungs and gills. The land snails possess lungs and the snails that live underwater breathe through their gills, just like the fishes do.
Some of the water snails have reduced gills and have difficulty taking oxygen from the water. These snails often come to the surface of the water to breathe in air which then goes into the lungs to provide them with oxygen.
9. The Snails can hibernate
In dry climatic conditions, the snails stay inactive for a long time to preserve energy. During the winters, the snails enter the state of hibernation. The duration of their hibernation is 4 – 6 months.
During this time, their palpitations and metabolism slow down. An interesting fact here is that to protect themselves from the prolonged cold, they can hibernate for 3 years. They also hibernate this long to survive for longer periods of time.
10. They are mainly herbivores
The snails are commonly herbivores. Their diet consists of leaves, flowers, stems, fruits, and garden crops. The underwater snails and some of the larger snails can be carnivores and omnivores as well.
They prefer calcium-enriched food which keeps them healthy and helps in their growth. Calcium also keeps their shells hard and thick to protect their inner bodies from any outside danger. They can also feed on dead organic matter, fungi and algae.
11. Their shells keeps growing
We know that the shells of the snails are soft at birth. It keeps hardening as they grow. This shell keeps growing along with the growth of the snail. Snails can get as big as the size of your hand.
They can recover from minor damages and cracks in their shells but once broken completely, they can not replace it by growing another shell.
Different Types of Snails
The snails have a wide range of varieties and species. There are more than 60,000 species of them in the world. We have listed here the most common snails that can be easily seen in our surroundings.
 - Apple snail – They are the freshwater snails that are kept as a pet in aquariums. You need to have a large tank to keep it as a pet.
 - Garden snail – It is common in Europe but also found in other parts of the world as well. They destroy crops and plants on a large scale.
 - Giant African Land Snail – They can get as big as 8 inches in length. They live from 5 – 7 years. They cause damage to agriculture.
 - Mediterranean Green Snail – They are new species and have been around since the 1980s only. They are found in the rainforests of Northern Africa and Western Australia.
 - Orchid Snail – These are very small in size. They are known to destroy the orchards and the greenhouses.
 - Roman Snail – It has a beautiful shell and is used in the French dish Escargot. It is a land snail and has two pairs of tentacles on its head.
What does a snail eats?
Snails are herbivores and eat vegetables, fungi, seaweed, and fruits.
Do snails have teeth?
Snails have the highest number of teeth. They can have around 20,000 teeth.
Why are snails slow?
The snails do not have bones in their body. They move with the contraction of the muscle tissues. They need to create a slime track on which they can glide or move. This slime making takes time and that is the reason for their slow movement.
Scientific name for snail
The scientific name of snail is Achatinoidea
Is a snail an insect?
Snail is not an insect. It is a different kind of animal.
What class do snails belong to?
It belongs to the class Gastropoda. Animals belonging to this class have a coiled shell that is big enough for them to completely withdraw into.
Do snails have tongues?
Most common snails have a tongue similar to the humans except for the fact that theirs is covered with rows of tiny teeth.
How do snails move around?
Snails use muscular contractions to move. Their feet attach to the surface on which they are moving with the help of the slime they create from the glands under their mouth.
Does a snail have a foot?
The snails are invertebrates which means they have only one foot to move around.
Where do snails live?
Snails live almost everywhere except for the polar regions due to the cold weather. They live near the availability of food. They are found in tropical and subtropical rainforests, dry rainforests, temperate rainforests, Native grasslands, limestone outcrops, rocky outcrops, eucalypt forests and woodlands.
Do snails live in the ocean?
Snails are known to live underwater, both freshwater and oceans.
How do snails get their shells?
The snails create their shells through the process of biomineralization. They have a shell gland that secretes the organic matrix of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids that makes the hard base of the shell. Calcium carbonate is responsible for making the mineral of the shell.
Can a snail survive without its shell?
A snail is unable to survive outside its shell. It protects it from environmental conditions and predators.
Are snails born with their shells?
Snails are indeed born with their shells but they are soft during birth and gets hardened


Find Lesson Plans on! GettyGames
[teacherartexchange] Daily Warm-Ups in Art
Date: Thu Nov 23 2006 - 12:19:27 PST
Hey All,
I have been interested in doing daily warm-ups in art class due to the
energy and craziness of the students in most of my classes and especially because
they are 1 1/2 hours long. My students tend to finish SOOO quickly and they
learning has just barely skimmed the surface. I just bought this book called
"Daily Warm-Ups: Art Level 1" by Walch Publishing, however I was just
wondering how many other teachers use art warm-ups to lead up to larger projects.
Right now I have just started a Mandala Unit with my students and we are
going to create 4 mini-mandalas and then combine those styles to create a larger
one for each individual student.
How do warm-ups work for you? How long are they? Do they always have to
relate to the lesson?
Let me know what you think!
To unsubscribe go to


text:
It's not hard to see how this fungus of Lilliputian proportion gets its name. And while the cups do look like tiny bird's nests, they're actually the fruiting body of the fungus. Inside, the "eggs," are the peridioles that contain the spores which are the basis of its reproduction.
NATURE IS THE COOLEST THING EVER!! :-)
These remarkable little bird nests in miniature are yet another powerful (and cosmically-cool!) reminder that the natural world never disappoints. Get outside. Exercise your curiosity. Feed your soul. _TAG_


Platinum Partner
css,mobile,google wave,social computing,xmpp
Social Computing: Let the Bots Talk!
With connected devices, JavaScript enabled web sites and the extensibility of the XMPP protocol, we are at the beginning of a new breed of applications that are operating in the social context of their owners. Google Wave is just the first well known application doing other-than-chatting things on top of XMPP. LinkedProcess is trying to lay a foundation for a much more general computing and distribution infrastructure for context-aware, social-spreadable and trusted application scenarios that potentially enable users to regain control over their own graph of information and control access to it using social connections.
What is XMPP?
XMPP is an XML instant messaging protocol that was developed by the Jabber foundation, as a reaction to the closed protocols of ICQ, Microsoft Messenger etc etc. It is based on the concepts of
 - server side contact lists (Roster in XMPP terminology)
 - open XML streams between the XMPP server and any connected client once the connection is established
 - every connected XMPP client gets a unique ID (e.g. "") under the common XMPP "bare" ID ( and is uniquely addressable by XMPP packets. This can be used in situations where there is no direct IP number available or it is changing (e.g. mobile devices), making any Internet-connected device addressable as a potential server, with a constant address over time and space - an URI.
 - extensible payloads of XML packets as defined by the XMPP Specification, the most important reflecting the 3 paradigms of asynchronous communication, and supported by all major XMPP servers
 - broadcast ("")
 - one-to-one or one-to-many ("")
 - request/response with acknowledgement (""), similar to the HTTP protocol
 - handling of status, presence of resources and routing of messages to the right receivers by the XMPP servers
 - from the beginning built to scale for the Internet with distributed infrastructure, as explained in this blog post
 - large existing XMPP networks to tap into (GoogleTalk, iChat, Facebook Connect, holding part of your existing social graph in the contact lists) and open XMPP servers to set up your own XMPP network
 - SSL support built into the base specification, distributed server-to-server communication even between XMPP networks like GoogleTalk and iChat.
XMPP principle setup
Why should I care about XMPP?
 - XMPP is the currently most popular infrastructure for instant communication, used by systems like iChat, Google Talk and Google Wave. These are just a few of the possible applications we can do on top of XMPP, Twitter and TiVo are rumored to follow
 - via the use of a server side contact list of peers in any XMPP communication, suddenly there is a social or trust-like aspect to any XMPP conversation between two or more participating systems, users or devices
 - any modern mobile phone, javascript-enabled website, J2ME, Java or Flash-capable home automation device (e.g. BluRay players or media servers) or server application can talk XMPP and thus become a true peer to the other clients, without any new server side infrastructure or cloud service development more than existing XMPP servers for routing via e.g., HTML5 web sockets or various XMPP libraries for JavaScript, ActionScript, for an XMPP server and Smack for Java.
What can we do with this?
Now, with all these characteristics in place, we can look at the different emerging platforms for XMPP communication:
Chat - simple text exchange
This is the simple tracking of presence for XMPP clients and the exchange of only human-readable text messages between them. However, a certain coolness is added by being able to distinguish between different clients logged in under the same XMPP account (e.g. different browser windows logging into GTalk and still sending and receiving in the right window). This has been in use for the past 15 years and is nothing new, even if the clients have gotten lighter and fancier over the years (see figure, talking from the browser to on iChat).
Normal XMPP chat setup
Google Wave - concurrent document editing on steroids
Google Wave is introducing a concept where a central XML document (the Wave), reflecting the total of a conversation, is simultaneously edited by several participants (via XMPP clients) of the conversation at the same time. While the incremental changes are sent to the XMPP Google Wave server for merging into the central Wave, they are at the same time even sent to the other online clients in the Roster of the current conversation just as chat messages, creating the real-time response impression of the Google Wave experience. However, these packages do not contain simple chat but actual machine-data interpreted by special Google Wave clients in e.g. JavaScript (see the Wave Protocol).
Google Wave even supports extensions to its functionality, see this blog post which means that a lot of the infrastructure can be used to e.g. support new functionality and data packets.
Google Wave setup
LinkedProcess - turn any connected device into a server with a social context
LinkedProcess (LoP), driven by Marko Rodriguez and Joshua Shinavier is taking the approach of providing a set of XMPP tags for sending scripts and code snippets from XMPP clients ("LoP Villeins") to other XMPP peers acting as servers ("LoP Farms"), get them executed there and the result sent back. The thought is to be able to speed up the processing aspect of the emerging Semantic Web/Web of Data by moving the processes to the data instead of the usual move of the data to the processor.
One huge application is the processing of the emerging Semantic Web or Linked Data (Tim Berners Lee talks about that at TED 2009) by sending processing instructions to the big servers holding large chunks of this emerging graph structure instead of having to pull all data onto your own device prior to processing it (see the LinkedProcess introduction).
LinkedProcess distributed processing of LinkedData setup
This has a number of interesting aspects:
 - any XMPP capable client (mobile phones, websites etc) can be turned into a server being in direct contact with its peers
 - data can stay at one logical place (e.g. the mobile phone) while others can send scripts to operate to the data in order to get ad-hoc queries executed
 - code can be spread within the social context, so scripts can be shared and spread through the social network of resources and people rapidly, without special installation hassle, giving birth to truly viral "weband mobile only" applications and social networks of both humans, content and hardware
 - the access to the computing resources and data is controlled via the contact list of the XMPP client executing the script. Thus, it is always known who is trying to access the LinkedProcess server
 - via the use of existing or new social chat networks, this extends the social aspect of your contact list to any XMPP speaking resource under your account, persons, devices and software alike.
So, what is social about LinkedProcess?
Well, with all this said, we have suddenly a couple of very interesting concrete scenarios:
1. Personal and Social Could Computing
This is the concept of spreading code to execute on other servers and devices that are available within the social context of the sender - either a number of servers being set up under the same bare account or friends and colleagues providing their resources to others in their social vicinity. E.g. if I want to transcode a HD movie from TED to fit my mobile phone, I could send a script to my home server instructing the server to download the appropriate encoder, download the original high-resolution link and put the result onto a URL and return that to me. Totally Ad Hoc, without any new programs installed in my phone or the server afterwards.
The Social Cloud
2. Totally distributed and viral social apps - my personal Facebook
A user writes, downloads or is recommended a script - "SOClet" (written in e.g. LUA or Python for Android phones, see Android Sctripting Environment) that asks all its friends phones to evaluate if there is any content related to the asking phones owner. If yes, return the URIs of matching content on the friends phones. That results in an aggregated feed on "Pictures of me by my friends, friends statuses etc" - a Facebooklike setup, totally up to every individual to customize and no central storage. Of course if desired there can be a central server as an equal XMPP client in the middle in order to help holding state, much like the Google Wave setup.
Viral apps spreading in the social device context across mobile devices and e.g. web pages
3. Installing servers on phones and other resources
The technical use setup is as the previous one, but here, long running server code is executed on your friends devices and thus, we create new services on top of the LinkedProcess infrastructure, and turn the devices into mini-servers. This serves potential use cases like Opera Unite, although not with a central namespace like Unite but totally distributed. Peter could for instalnce install a script on Maries phone serving an RSS feed back to Peter when he asks for new content every 5 minutes, including the current location. This can easily be displayed as a GeoRSS over a map on Peters phone or used to mash up the feed with other information using e.g. Yahoo Pipes. This could even be done from a web page (e.g. in Facebook), resulting in a Facebook application that talks to the phone directly and can mash up live phone data with the rest of the Facebook data.
4. Privacy and ownership of everybody's personal information
By turning the physical holder of your own data - the phone or your home desktop - into a


text:
Audio Sensing - 2
Using Max to sense audio and communicate with Arduino to control speed of a stepper motor:
In this example we use the same Max MSP patch as last week. Again, we are using it as a way to sense audio, smooth it and boost it with real time controls. The app then communicates with Arduino via serial, but this time we are using it to control the speed of a stepper motor via the Adafruit motor shield V2 and the 'AccelStepper' library. The Arduino sketch uses a couple of extra libraries you will need, so make sure you read the notes at the top.


text:
In order to apply for a scholarship you need to have applied for a master programme at University Admissions by January 16th, 2017. Please note it is only possible to submit this scholarship application once, so only submit it when it is complete.
We need the following documents from you:
- Curriculum Vitae (PDF)
- Motivation letter (PDF)
The motivation letter should contain a maximum of 600 words. Please answer the following questions in your motivation letter:
- Why do you want to study this programme at Linnaeus University?
- What other qualities do you have besides academic excellence?
- What are your career aspirations?
The deadline for the application is February 1st, 2017. Remember that it is important to fully complete your application on University Admissions in order to qualify for our scholarship. Incomplete applications or applications received after the deadline will not be considered.
Students who have been granted a scholarship will be notified by the end of March, 2017.
In the form below you need to fill out your:
- last name
- first name
- application number
This information has to be the same as your information on University Admissions.


A Meds-To-Beds Program for 340B Hospitals
340B Eligible Hospitals should look for ways to leverage their outpatient pharmacy operations to maximize the programs benefits.
Surveys have found that only about 40% of patients fill their prescriptions the day of discharge, and 22% have not fill their prescriptions by a median of 12 days after discharge.[1]
With this statistic in mind, many hospitals have implemented a service where medications are delivered to a patient's bedside prior to discharge, which, therefore ensures the patient has access to their prescriptions when they return home. This is often referred to as a 'meds-to-beds' program.
Discharge prescriptions play a vital role in patient care and many studies have shown that adherence to a medication regimen, after discharge, is a significant factor in improving patient outcomes and reducing readmissions. Further, and of particular relevance to 340B Hospitals, due to their more vulnerable populations was one study that showed that hospitals who treat the most vulnerable patient populations are more likely to experience a high rate of readmissions.[2]
The 340B program allows for discharge prescriptions to be considered as 'outpatient drugs,' if they are considered to be for outpatient use. This means that that 340B Hospitals can either benefit from providing their discharged patients with their medications at the lower 340B prices or, in cases where the patient has private insurance, can benefit from the profit that the 340B price can create.
[2] Barnett, M., Hsu, J., McWilliams, J.M., Patient Characteristics and Differences in Hospital Readmission Rates,
Journal of the American Medical Association (September 14. 2015).


text:
Micro-moments are the smallest units of interaction in an online experience; like when Kayak.com automatically activates the return-date calendar after you've entered your departure date. It's so smart!
Do you want to find your micro-moments and make frictionless experiences from them?
Of course you do! And consider Stephen Anderson your Sherlock Holmes, because he's the detective who identifies micro-moments and maps them to bigger customer journeys. He'll tell you how to design interactions as conversations that you can anticipate and direct. Plus, you'll learn how to integrate micro-moment design into your existing workflow.
Design interactions from conversations
You'll see real examples of why micro-moments make people very happy or very frustrated.
- Think of interactions as conversations as a way to focus on the content first
- "Role play in the browser" to identify which moments stick with you and which fall flat
Focus on "how" rather than "what"
You'll hear why Stephen thinks our UX industry is going down some dangerous paths.
- Differentiate between good versus good-enough design
- Dig into the "why" of your designs—rather than only satisfying requirements
Integrate micro-moments by starting your process from the bottom up
You'll stop using the information architecture as the driving force behind your designs.
- Dive into the micro-moments before mapping them to the overall flow
- Find out how to make common micro-moments better


text:
The Gidran is one of the few purebreds that has both the strength and endurance of saddle and harness horses. This large-sized horse is usually used for pulling carts, wagons and carriages as well as riding.
Gidrans have strong body contours. Because of their big body, they have been used as saddle horses. The head is quite small but is relative in size to the body. They have large, clear brown eyes with ears slightly pointed inward. The neck is sloped and brawny; the back is straight and the loins are stretched; the chest is deep while the shoulder is broad. The legs are strong and the joints are somewhat well-rounded. The hooves are hard and perfectly shaped. Gidrans are usually chestnut brown and stand 16.1-17 hands high (64-68 inches, 163-173 centimeters).
Personality and Temperament
Gidrans are gentle horses that are very useful in farm work. They can stay for long hours under the hot sun, even on rocky ground. Although these horses are average jumpers, they can be used in sporting events.
History and Background
The Gidran is believed to have originated from Siglavy Gidran, an Arab stallion. The breed was brought to
During the cross-breeding of the Thoroughbred and the Gidran, there have been incidences of ill-tempered horses. Luckily, breeders have developed methods to decrease the instances of this kind of offspring. The Hungarian studs only serve one purpose in keeping these Gidran: they want to preserve the pure bloodline while experimenting on breeds which will eventually produce an appealing breed of Gidran.
A horse that is four years of age or older; a stallion is intact
The term for an animal's young
Horses that jump at shows and go through judgment
The term referring to the various lines of breeding within the family.
Share this page
Missouri Fox Trotter
The Missouri Fox Trotter is a horse breed that originated in the Ozark Mountain Region...
The Alter Real is a rare horse breed that is originally from Portugal. Its name...
60% (113 votes)
14% (26 votes)
8% (15 votes)
6% (12 votes)
N/A (I do not use tick preventives)
12% (22 votes)
Total votes: 188


text:
A student (m = 63 kg) falls freely from rest and strikes the ground.
During the collision with the ground, he comes to rest in a time of 0.0200 s.
The average force exerted on him by the ground is +18500. N, where the upward direction is taken to be the positive direction.
From what height did the student fall? Assume that the only force acting on him during the collision is that due to the ground.
is this a problem solved using a kinematic equation?


Apps Like dnSpy & Comparison with Popular Alternatives For Today
Apps Like dnSpy & Comparison with Popular Alternatives For Today.NET assembly editor, decompiler, and debugger dnSpy is a tool to reverse engineer.NET assemblies. It includes a decompiler, a debugger and an assembly editor (and more) and can be easily extended by writing your own extension. It uses dnlib to read and write assemblies so it can handle obfuscated assemblies (eg. malware) without crashing.
dnSpy: Back Engineer Your Way Around
In this article, we are going to mention an application. This application is called dnSpy. You must be wondering what it is. Well in simple and short words this is reverse engineering, recompiler, and debugging. One bonus point is the net assembly. Well, this program is made to reconstruct a software or program. DnSpy is very useful. By using this program, you can easily perform many things. In many ways, this is a multi-function program. As this one program can get done a lot of things. It provides so many facilities by operating one website. It can take a site or program. After this, it can take it and create a new application. In fact, by one application, dnSpy can create a very new application.
Along with that back engineering is one of the best functions and features. In the most simple words, reverse engineering breaks down an application or program. This whole process is done in order to understand the program. This activity is widely performed to grasp knowledge and information. Even debugging is a very well known activity. Finding the errors in the software and hardware in the computer cannot be manual. Now, this can be done by debugging. This is a process that picks out all the errors in the system. Along with that, it removes the glitches as well. dnSpy is very known in the world of technology.
It has gained a lot of prominences. As it can help to perform so many activities altogether. Only the programmers can understand the true meaning of this. All three activities of debugging, decompiling, and back-engineering are the most sought programs. In the end, it is used to create programs and software. There are a lot of other applications like this. Keep reading to know more about this multi-purpose program.
Find Top 10
_TAG_ NameFeaturesPlatformsPriceWebsite Link
2Apps Like dnSpy & Comparison with Popular Alternatives For TodaydotPeekWindowsFreeWebsite
3Apps Like dnSpy & Comparison with Popular Alternatives For TodayTelerik JustDecompileWindowsFreeWebsite
4Apps Like dnSpy & Comparison with Popular Alternatives For TodaySnowman C++ DecompilerC (programming language)
5Apps Like dnSpy & Comparison with Popular Alternatives For Today.NET Reflector.NET Framework
6Apps Like dnSpy & Comparison with Popular Alternatives For TodayILSpy.NET Framework
Details of dnSpy
- dnSpy is used to create a new program or application. This can be down with the assistance of decompiling. It takes the program to decompile and recompiles a different program.
- Apart from that, there are many errors found. To clear them or identify these errors. dnSpy performs the debugging as well.
- To understand any program or application. The programmer needs to deconstruct an existing application. This whole thing is done to understand the codes or etc. dnSpy is done to do reverse engineering.
- The best part is this program works efficiently. There are more glitches found in it.
 - How dnSpy works?
It is a program. That makes and break other programs. It also identifies errors.
 - What are its features and functions?
Well, you can call it a multifunctional program. As it does decompile, reverse engineering and debugging.
 - How to install dnSpy?
It is not a very difficult task. The installation of dnSpy is very convenient and easy to do. Also, it does not take a lot of space on the computer.
 - Does dnSpy identify glitches in the computer?
Yes, it does. Suppose there are any errors in the software and hardware on the computer. dnSpy removes the error.
Scroll to Top


On 14 October 2020, the Financial Reporting Council Lab published new guidance to assist companies in preparing section 172 statements about how to perform their duties to promote the success of the company.
What is a section 172 statement?
The purpose of the statement is to explain how directors have had regard to the factors listed in s172(1)(a) – (f) of the Companies Act 2006 when fulfilling their legal duty to promote the success of the company.
What is the FRC's guidance?
The FRC's guidance is broken down into 3 key categories:
 - Content
The statement should not simply replicate the s172 requirements and then state compliance – it should reflect on precisely how the company met the requirements during the previous year, and, where relevant, what the board plans to do in the future.
It should be honest, reflecting on where trade-offs have been made during the decision-making process, and not contradict information given elsewhere in the company's annual report. It should set out how the board oversees engagement with the company's stakeholders (for example, how issues raised by stakeholders are escalated to board level and how grievances are managed), and should include any key performance indicators on key stakeholders which are being monitored by the board.
Finally, the statement should explain what steps have been taken as a result of feedback received from stakeholders, and how the board plans to address any stakeholder concerns.
 - Presentation
The board should think about where the s172 statement sits within its strategic report, and ensure it is placed in a suitable context which enables it to flow with the information around it. The statement is not just about stakeholder engagement: it needs to focus on how the board has promoted the success of the company, and considered the long-term consequences of its decisions.
 - Process
The board should highlight key decisions and activities which might be included in the statement as they happen throughout the year, rather than waiting to compile them at the end. Companies should consider tailoring template board agendas to include prompts for the directors to consider which stakeholders' interests will be relevant to the decision at hand.
Written by Ellen Robinson


text:
February is recognized as Black History month across the country -- and yesterday in Williston, that history in this part of the country was discussed.
Assistant History professor Richard Stenberg hosted a forum yesterday on the campus where he presented his research on the role African Americans played in the fur trade at Ft. Union.
He says little is known...but they have discovered there were some key players in the trade.
It is also interesting, that slavery was outlawed here during that time...but that doesn't mean in didn't exist.
(Richard Stenberg - WSC Professor) "Interestingly the Missouri Compromise of 1820 said there would be no slaves in the former territories of the Louisiana Purchase, there were still slaves operating on the Missouri River for example, the steamboats passing right by here en route to places like Fort Union and several of the early managers had slaves that they had on site."


text:
The first work devoted exclusively to Acadians in Nova Scotia, this book presents a thorough study of Acadian history from the earliest days of French settlement to present-day Acadian communities. Authors Sally Ross and Alphonse Deveau draw on original seventeenth-century texts, as well as up-to-date sources. They examine the history of the Expulsion–the Grand Dérangement–that began in 1755, and trace the return of the Acadians and their resettlement in seven areas of the province. The authors highlight the distinct features that have developed within these different regions of Nova Scotia and discuss the choices and challenges faced by Acadians today: the linguistic assimilation and preservation of a distinct culture against pressures from the mainstream culture.
Acadians of Nova Scotia won the 1993 Dartmouth Book Award for non-fiction and the 1993 Evelyn Richardson Memorial Literary Prize for non-fiction.


text:
Doctor of Philosophy
Electrical and Computer Engineering
Dr. Ilia Polushin
Dr. Rajni Patel
Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgical (RAMIS) systems frequently have a structure of cooperative teleoperator systems where multiple master-slave pairs are used to collaboratively execute a task. Although multiple studies indicate that haptic feedback improves the realism of tool-tissue interaction to the surgeon and leads to better performance for surgical procedures, current telesurgical systems typically do not provide force feedback, mainly because of the inherent stability issues. The research presented in this thesis is directed towards the development of control algorithms for force reflecting cooperative surgical teleoperator systems with improved stability and transparency characteristics. In the case of cooperative force reflecting teleoperation over networks, conventional passivity based approaches may have limited applicability due to potentially non-passive slave-slave interactions and irregular communication delays imposed by the network. In this thesis, an alternative small gain framework for the design of cooperative network-based force reflecting teleoperator systems is developed. Using the small gain framework, control algorithms for cooperative force-reflecting teleoperator systems are designed that guarantee stability in the presence of multiple network-induced communication constraints. Furthermore, the design conservatism typically associated with the small-gain approach is eliminated by using the Projection-Based Force Reflection (PBFR) algorithms. Stability results are established for networked cooperative teleoperator systems under different types of force reflection algorithms in the presence of irregular communication delays. The proposed control approach is consequently implemented on a dual-arm (two masters/two slaves) robotic MIS testbed. The testbed consists of two Haptic Wand devices as masters and two PA10-7C robots as the slave manipulators equipped with da Vinci laparoscopic surgical instruments. The performance of the proposed control approach is evaluated in three different cooperative surgical tasks, which are knot tightening, pegboard transfer, and object manipulation. The experimental results obtained indicate that the PBFR algorithms demonstrate statistically significant performance improvement in comparison with the conventional direct force reflection algorithms. One possible shortcoming of using PBFR algorithms is that implementation of these algorithms may lead to attenuation of the high-frequency component of the contact force which is important, in particular, for haptic perception of stiff surfaces. In this thesis, a solution to this problem is proposed which is based on the idea of separating the different frequency bands in the force reflection signal and consequently applying the projection-based principle to the low-frequency component, while reflecting the high-frequency component directly. The experimental results demonstrate that substantial improvement in transient fidelity of the force feedback is achieved using the proposed method without negative effects on the stability of the system.
Takhmar, Amir, "Control of Cooperative Haptics-Enabled Teleoperation Systems with Application to Minimally Invasive Surgery" (2014). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 1899.


Create obstacles procedurally
 - I'm trying to make an infinite runner like Canabalt.
 I know how to make a paralax effect for the background, but have no idea about how to create the random obstacles and ground.
 What would be the best way to do it?
 I have a little idea, maybe the player doesn't move and it only jumps, but the platform and obstacles create the sense of movement and I'll have to do some calculations to create holes that the player can jump, but I dont know how.
 - First create several different types of platforms you want the player to land on while running.
 next, using the system (every 1 second or something) to spawn new objects.
 Set their X position to just beyond the.x of the layout of the screen so that they will start off screen.
 Next use a system every tick event to move the platforms back in -X towards the player at whatever interval you want (probably a variable that will increase over time to speed up the buildings.
 Then lock the player's jump so that its only up and down and they can't move left and right.
 to separate the platforms so that they get created at a variable distance, set that original random timer you used to spawn the platforms to a setting like random(5) seconds. This way, some will be further apart and some will be closer together. Make sure the maximum distance apart isn't too big for the player to jump though. Also you will probably need to add another variable to that as the speed increases because the gap the player crosses will get bigger and bigger as the speed of the platforms come towards them.
 - Try Construct 3
 Try Now Construct 3 users don't see these ads
 - Wow that's fantastic! :D
 I just bought the standard version of Construct 2 to be able to publish to IOS/Android and use families.
 But using dt i've found a new problem:
 The objects appear at minimal diferent distances and I can't use Wrap behaviour because it interferes with other things i'm planning to do.
 What do you recommend to avoid those gaps
Jump to:
Active Users


text:
How to: Perfect Mashed Potato
What's winter without a good mashed potato? Whether you like a smooth and creamy mash, or a chunky and rustic one, we want to make sure you're doing it right!
1. Choose the right potato
For fluffy mashed potatoes, stick with starchy potatoes like Agrias or the red-skinned Red Rascal. Avoid using waxy varieties as they don't contain a lot of starch, so don't break down well or absorb dairy as well as other varieties.
2. Start with cold water
We know it seems faster to start with hot water, but this can lead to uneven cooking. To ensure you cook them evenly, place the potatoes in a large pot and cover with cold water about 2cm above the potatoes.
3. Salt the water
Season your potatoes early by adding salt to the water when cooking. Potatoes absorb the water they're cooked in, so you won't need to add as much later, and more importantly your potatoes won't be bland!
4. Adding warm cream and butter
When you add cold dairy to the mash, the potatoes don't absorb the dairy well. So gently heat your cream (or milk) and butter, and then add.
5. Don't over-mash!
For anyone that's had gluey mashed potato, we feel for you! When potatoes are mashed starch is released. The more you work the potatoes, the more starch gets released, resulting in a thick, PVA glue like mash. Avoid over mashing, or using a food processor or blender.


text:
Definition of TomoTomo-: Or tombefore a vowel. A combining form meaning a cut, section, or layer, as might be achieved by cutting or slicing. Used in the formation of compound words such tomography. From the Greek tomos (a cutting).Source: MedTerms™ Medical Dictionary
Last Editorial Review: 6/14/2012
Find out what women really need.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I've been working on a Microsoft Excel 2007 spreadsheet for several days. I'm working from a master template like sheet and copying it to a new sheet repeatedly. Up until today, this was happening with no issues. However, in the middle of today this suddenly changed and I do not know why. Now, whenever I try to copy a worksheet I get about ten dialogs, each one with a different name range object (shown below as 'XXXX') and I click yes for each one:
A formula or sheet you want to move or copy contains the name 'XXXX', which already exists on the destination worksheet. Do you want to use this version of the name?
 - To use the name as defined in destination sheet, click Yes.
 - To rename the range referred to in the formula or worksheet, click No, and enter a new name in the Name Conflict dialog box.
The name range objects refer to cells in the sheet. For example, E6 is called name range PRE on multiple sheets (and has been all along) and some of the formulas refer to PRE instead of $E$6. One of the 'XXXX' above is this PRE. These name ranges should only be resolved within the sheet within which they appear. This was not an issue before despite the same name range existing on multiple sheets before. I want to keep my name ranges.
What could have changed in my spreadsheet to cause this change in behavior? I've gone back to prior sheets created this way and now they give the message too when copied. I tried a different computer and a different user and the same behavior is seen everywhere. I can only conclude something in the spreadsheet has changed. What could this be and how can I get back the old behavior whereby I can copy sheets with name ranges and not get any warnings?
Looking in the Name Manager I see that the name ranges being complained about show twice, once as scope Template and again as scope Workbook. If I delete the scope Template ones the warning goes away on copy however, I get a bunch of _TAG_ errors. If I delete the scope Workbook ones, all seems okay and the warnings on copy go away too, so perhaps this is the answer, but I'm nervous about what effect this deletion will have and wonder how the Workbook ones came into existence in the first place.
Will it be safe to just delete the Workbook name manager scoped entries and how might these have come into existence without my knowing it to begin with?
share|improve this question
Did you ever find out why these Workbook-scope names were appearing? I'm seeing the exact same thing - I can fix it by deleting the Workbook names, but I'd be happier if I knew what caused them. – Neil Vass Dec 17 '12 at 20:57
No, I just deleted per the answer I gave below. It would be nice to know why this occurs. – WilliamKF Dec 18 '12 at 14:25
5 Answers 5
up vote 2 down vote accepted
Open the Name Manager and find the named items being complained about and delete all those with scope Workbook and the issue with copying sheets goes away and the formulas remain intact.
share|improve this answer
This is not an error, but a warning a conflict exists and offers a choice on what to do
When you copy a range that includes reference to a (typically worksheet scope) named range, and that same name exists on the destination sheet, how is Excel to know which name you want to use in the result?
As to whats changed, I suggest you review all the names in your workbook, especially for scope.
Name Manager - Ctrl-F3
share|improve this answer
I've updated the question to use the word 'warning' instead of 'error', but my question remains. – WilliamKF Sep 17 '12 at 13:55
 Dim nm As name
 On Error Resume Next
 For Each nm In ActiveWorkbook.Names
 If (MsgBox("Delete name- " & nm.name, vbYesNo) = vbYes) Then
 End If
 On Error GoTo 0
End Sub
share|improve this answer
This is useless... you can you the Name Manager for that. What should be the reason for using such a code? – codea Aug 4 at 16:57
These names are mostly the result of a data download through a third-party API. The APIs typically use those names as placeholders for cell referencing.
Once you have processed some data, these names are mostly left behind as a general user does not clean up the hidden (or very-hidden) sheets. The difficulty associated with these names is that they also do not show up in the NAMES box and therefore cannot be deleted through that option.
One way that I go about it is to program it through a VBA script. Sample below
Sub do_loop_names()
Dim vJunkName As Name
Debug.Print ThisWorkbook.Names.Count
For Each vJunkName In ThisWorkbook.Names
Next vJunkName
End Sub
Do note this script will delete ALL names from the workbook, so if there are certain defined names you'd like to keep, please put in the exceptions in the code.
If someone has a more efficient solution, please let me know.
share|improve this answer
I know hidden sheets. But what are very hidden sheets? – nixda Nov 4 '13 at 9:31
_USER_ You can hide or unhide sheets by right clicking on the sheet tabs as you know. You can do the same thing through VBA, and through VBA you have another option to make sheets very hidden which means they are not available to unhide when right clicking on the sheet tabs. – Levi Nov 4 '13 at 23:14
_USER_ gave a good explanation. very hidden sheets are invisible on the workbook unless set visible through VBA. Hidden sheets can be viewed through the spreadsheet Hide / Unhide option but the veryhidden feature makes these sheets inaccessible unless through VBA. – Viquar Nov 12 '13 at 13:38
Same problem here with 27 mystery named ranges. I used Ctrl+F3 (as recommended in another answer) to view the list of named ranges (which I had never set up!). There were many since I had been copying the worksheet tab many times and just clicking "yes" to work around the message. I highlighted and deleted all the named ranges (one little screen at a time, couldn't Select All). The next time I tried to copy the worksheet, the copy succeeded without the warning message.
Be sure to copy your original file before trying this.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


text:
Predictive Failure Model for Flip Chip on Board Component Level Assemblies
Muncy, Jennifer V.
MetadataShow full item record
Environmental stress tests, or accelerated life tests, apply stresses to electronic packages that exceed the stress levels experienced in the field. In theory, these elevated stress levels are used to generate the same failure mechanisms that are seen in the field, only at an accelerated rate. The methods of assessing reliability of electronic packages can be classified into two categories: a statistical failure based approach and a physics of failure based approach. This research uses a statistical based methodology to identify the critical factors in reliability performance of a flip chip on board component level assembly and a physics of failure based approach to develop a low cycle strain based fatigue equation for flip chip component level assemblies. The critical factors in determining reliability performance were established via experimental investigation and their influence quantified via regression analysis. This methodology differs from other strain based fatigue approaches because it is not an empirical fit to experimental data; it utilizes regression analysis and least squares to obtain correction factors, or correction functions, and constants for a strain based fatigue equation, where the total inelastic strain is determined analytically. The end product is a general flip chip on board equation rather than one that is specific to a certain test vehicle or material set.


text:
The COSYS-Med LMI
The COSYS-Med International Mixed Laboratory is a research organization created in 2014 for a period of 5 years which brings together Tunisian and French laboratories whose objectives are:
- Study the impact of contaminants on the functioning and diversity of the coastal food web. Particular attention will be given to the first trophic links (microorganisms) considering their essential role in structuring the entire food web.
- Describe the dynamics and the different processes of contaminant transformation by biotic (microand macroorganisms) and abiotic (photodegradation) pathways, interactions with organic matter
- Quantify the Sahelian contributions and identify the types of molecules likely to modify equilibria within the pelagic microbial network
- To define the modes of interactions between contaminants, Sahelian inputs and organisms, from the microbial world to the fish resources and intermediate and higher trophic levels
- Develop scientific expertise from the collection of the necessary data, to make a diagnosis on the state and fate of biodiversity and ecosystem services in order to offer assistance to the management of aquaculture and fishing activities in the face of a modification of the environment related to contaminant inputs.