Build instance. You will need the original alienfile and the build root (usually _alien). root my $dir = $build->root; This is just a shortcut for: my $root = $build->install_prop->{root}; Except that it will be created if it does not already exist. install_type my $type = $build->install_type; This will return the install type. (See the like named install property above for details). This method will call probe if it has not already been called. set_prefix $build->set_prefix($prefix); Set the final (unstaged) prefix. This is normally only called by Alien::Build::MM and similar modules. It is not intended for use from plugins or from an alienfile. set_stage $build->set_stage($dir); Sets the stage directory. This is normally only called by Alien::Build::MM and similar modules. It is not intended for use from plugins or from an alienfile. requires my $hash = $build->requires($phase); Returns a hash reference of the modules required for the given phase. Phases include: configure These modules must already be available when the alienfile is read. any These modules are used during either a system or share install. share These modules are used during the build phase of a share install. system These modules are used during the build phase of a system install. load_requires $build->load_requires($phase); This loads the appropriate modules for the given phase (see requires above for a description of the phases). probe my $install_type = $build->probe; Attempts to determine if the operating system has the library or tool already installed. If so, then the string system will be returned and a system install will be performed. If not, then the string share will be installed and the tool or library will be downloaded and built from source. If the environment variable ALIEN_INSTALL_TYPE is set, then that will force a specific type of install. If the detection logic cannot accommodate the install type requested then it will fail with an exception. download $build->download; Download the source, usually as a tarball, usually from the internet. Under a system install this does not do anything. fetch my $res = $build->fetch; my $res = $build->fetch($url); Fetch a resource using the fetch hook. Returns the same hash structure described below in the hook documentation. decode my $decoded_res = $build->decode($res); Decode the HTML or file listing returned by fetch. Returns the same hash structure described below in the hook documentation. prefer my $sorted_res = $build->prefer($res); Filter and sort candidates. The preferred candidate will be returned first in the list. The worst candidate will be returned last. Returns the same hash structure described below in the hook documentation. extract my $dir = $build->extract; my $dir = $build->extract($archive); Extracts the given archive into a fresh directory. This is normally called internally to Alien::Build, and for normal usage is not needed from a plugin or alienfile. build $build->build; Run the build step. It is expected that probe and download have already been performed. What it actually does depends on the type of install: share The source is extracted, and built as determined by the alienfile recipe. If there is a gather_share that will be executed last. system The gather_system hook will be executed. system $build->system($command); $build->system($command, _USER_); Interpolates the command and arguments and run the results using the Perl system command. log $build->log($message); Send a message to the log. By default this prints to STDOUT. meta my $meta = Alien::Build->meta; my $meta = $build->meta; Returns the meta object for your Alien::Build class or instance. The meta object is a way to manipulate the recipe, and so any changes to the meta object should be made before the probe, download or build steps. META METHODS prop my $href = $build->meta->prop; Meta properties. This is the same as calling meta_prop on the class or Alien::Build instance. add_requires Alien::Build->meta->add_requires($phase, $module => $version,...); Add the requirement to the given phase. Phase should be one of: configure any share system interpolator my $interpolator = $build->meta->interpolator; my $interpolator = Alien::Build->interpolator; Returns the Alien::Build::Interpolate instance for the Alien::Build class. has_hook my $bool = $build->meta->has_hook($name); my $bool = Alien::Build->has_hook($name); Returns if there is a usable hook registered with the given name. register_hook $build->meta->register_hook($name, $instructions); Alien::Build->meta->register_hook($name, $instructions); Register a hook with the given name. $instruction should be either a code reference, or a command sequence, which is an array reference. default_hook $build->meta->default_hook($name, $instructions); Alien::Build->meta->default_hook($name, $instructions); Register a default hook, which will be used if the alienfile does not register its own hook with that name. around_hook $build->meta->around_hook($hook, $code); Alien::Build->meta->around_hook($name, $code); Wrap the given hook with a code reference. This is similar to a Moose method modifier, except that it wraps around the given hook instead of a method. For example, this will add a probe system requirement: $build->meta->around_hook( probe => sub { my $orig = shift; my $build = shift; my $type = $orig->($build, _USER_); return $type unless $type eq'system'; # also require a configuration file if(-f '/etc/foo.conf') { return'system'; } else { return'share'; } }, ); ENVIRONMENT Alien::Build responds to these environment variables: ALIEN_INSTALL_TYPE If set to share or system, it will override the system detection logic. ALIEN_BUILD_RC Perl source file which can override some global defaults for Alien::Build, by, for example, setting preload and postload plugins. ALIEN_BUILD_PKG_CONFIG Override the logic in Alien::Build::Plugin::PkgConfig::Negotiate which chooses the best pkg-config plugin. ALIEN_BUILD_PRELOAD semicolon separated list of plugins to automatically load before parsing your alienfile. ALIEN_BUILD_PRELOAD semicolon separated list of plugins to automatically load after parsing your alienfile. DESTDIR This environment variable will be manipulated during a destdir install. PKG_CONFIG This environment variable can be used to override the program name for pkg-config for some PkgConfig plugins: Alien::Build::Plugin::PkgConfig. ftp_proxy, all_proxy If these environment variables are set, it may influence the Download negotiation plugin Alien::Build::Plugin::Downaload::Negotiate. Other proxy variables may be used by some Fetch plugins, if they support it. SUPPORT The intent of the Alien-Build team is to support as best as possible all Perls from 5.8.1 to the latest production version. So long as they are also supported by the Perl toolchain. Please feel encouraged to report issues that you encounter to the project GitHub Issue tracker: Better if you can fix the issue yourself, please feel encouraged to open pull-request on the project GitHub: If you are confounded and have questions, join us on the _TAG_ channel on The Alien-Build developers frequent this channel and can probably help point you in the right direction. If you don't have an IRC client handy, you can use this web interface: SEE ALSO Alien::Build::Manual::AlienAuthor, Alien::Build::Manual::AlienUser, Alien::Build::Manual::Contributing, Alien::Build::Manual::FAQ, Alien::Build::Manual::PluginAuthor alienfile, Alien::Build::MM, Alien::Build::Plugin, Alien::Base, Alien AUTHOR Author: Graham Ollis Contributors: Diab Jerius (DJERIUS) Roy Storey Ilya Pavlov David Mertens (run4flat) Mark Nunberg (mordy, mnunberg) Christian Walde (Mithaldu) Brian Wightman (MidLifeXis) Zaki Mughal (zmughal) mohawk2 Vikas N Kumar (vikasnkumar) Flavio Poletti (polettix) Salvador Fandiño (salva) Gianni Ceccarelli (dakkar) Pavel Shaydo (zwon, trinitum) Kang-min Liu (劉康民, gugod) Nicholas Shipp (nshp) Juan Julián Merelo Guervós (JJ) COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE This software is copyright (c) 2017 by Graham Ollis. This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.


Foot Drop
What is Foot Drop?
Foot drop occurs when you have difficulty lifting the front part of your foot. This can often lead to your foot being dragged when you walk, causing difficulty in getting around. Your knee and hip might try to compensate by lifting your leg higher, so it doesn't drag underneath you. Foot drop isn't an illness in itself but a sign of an underlying neurological, anatomical, or muscular problem. It may not be permanent if treated early, so it is best to contact your doctor if you find you have difficulty lifting your feet or walking around.
What causes Foot Drop?
The most common cause of foot drop is damage to the peroneal nerve. This nerve tells the foot to lift up. When there is damage to the peroneal nerve, or damage to a part of the body that signals that nerve, the frontal part of the foot doesn't get the signal to lift up. One main cause of damage to the peroneal nerve is hip or knee replacement surgery. Additionally, a pinched nerve in the back, or having diabetes can lead to nerve damage causing foot drop. On the other hand, muscular disorders such as muscular dystrophy, Charcot-Marie-Tooth, or polio can cause muscle weakness leading to the inability to lift the foot. Furthermore, diseases of the brain and spinal cord, for example, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis, or a stroke can also lead to foot drop.
The peroneal nerve lays close to the surface of the body, so it can be easily compressed by daily activities. If you often sit with your legs crossed, work in an occupation that demands prolong kneeling or squatting, or need a cast around your leg, can cause the peroneal nerve to be compressed. Interestingly, foot drop is 2.8 times more likely to be found in men than women and more commonly affects one foot rather than both. For more information and statistics on what may cause foot drop, visit MedScape
What are the symptoms of Foot Drop?
As discussed before, foot drop can cause you to drag your foot in front of you when you walk. You might feel you have to lift your leg higher, resulting in slapping your foot down as you walk. This can be referred to as a steppage gait. There are various scans or nerve conduction studies that can be done by your doctor, so be sure to discuss it with your medical provider if you suspect any symptoms.
How to treat Foot Drop?
Some forms of foot drop may be treated, while others may be permanent. Your doctor can prescribe foot or ankle braces that will help your foot stay in its proper position. It is very important to continue exercising and stretching, as this might help correct your gait. If your foot drop is relatively new and depending on the cause, additional options can include nerve stimulation or possibly surgery to correct the foot drop. For more information click here.
Posted in: Uncategorized


public static IEnumerable RemoveDuplicates(this ICollection list, Func Predicate)
 var dict = new Dictionary();
 foreach (var item in list)
 if (!dict.ContainsKey(Predicate(item)))
 dict.Add(Predicate(item), item);
 return dict.Values.AsEnumerable();
var employees = (from x in context.Employees
 join t in context.PhonesNumbers on x.EmpId equals t.EmpId
 select new { Employee = x, Phone = t });
//we now have multiple employee records if an employee had more than one phone number
employees = employees.RemoveDuplicates(x => x.EmpId);
Removes items from a collection based on the condition you provide. This is useful if a query gives you some duplicates that you can't seem to get rid of. Some Linq2Sql queries are an example of this. Use this method afterward to strip things you know are in the list multiple times
Double click on the code to select all.


text:
|LDAP_FRIENDLY(3LDAP)||LDAP Library Functions||LDAP_FRIENDLY(3LDAP)|
cc[ flag... ] file... -lldap[ library... ] _TAG_ _TAG_ char *ldap_friendly_name(char *filename, char *name, FriendlyMap **map);
void ldap_free_friendlymap(FriendlyMap **map);
This function is used to map one set of strings to another. Typically, this is done for country names, to map from the two-letter country codes to longer more readable names. The mechanism is general enough to be used with other things, though.
filename is the name of a file containing the unfriendly to friendly mapping, name is the unfriendly name to map to a friendly name, and map is a result-parameter that should be set to NULL on the first call. It is then used to hold the mapping in core so that the file need not be read on subsequent calls.
FriendlyMap *map = NULL; printf( "unfriendly %s => friendly %s\n", name, ldap_friendly_name( "ETCDIR/ldapfriendly", name, &map ) );
The mapping file should contain lines like this: unfriendlyname\tfriendlyname. Lines that begin with a '#' character are comments and are ignored.
The ldap_free_friendlymap() call is used to free structures allocated by ldap_friendly_name() when no more calls to ldap_friendly_name() are to be made.
NULL is returned by ldap_friendly_name() if there is an error opening filename, or if the file has a bad format, or if the map parameter is NULL.
See attributes(7) for a description of the following attributes:
|ATTRIBUTE TYPE||ATTRIBUTE VALUE|
|January 27, 2002||OmniOS|

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Not content with synchronizing your phones to make one giant speaker? Researchers at the Tokyo University of Technology have developed "Pinch," an interface that lets you connect multiple devices together to form a giant disjointed display. Although the technology behind the interface remains a mystery — described only as a Wi-Fi based system — a video posted by DigInfo TV shows Pinch in action. To connect two devices, a user simply needs to pinch two adjacent screens together. The screens can be linked together in whatever alignment you choose, as the position and screen size of each display is communicated on a successful pinch.
Originally posted here:
'Pinch' connects multiple smartphones and tablets together to make a display

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Scott, S.K. (1998) The point of P-centres. Psychological Research, 61 (1 ) pp.4 - 11. 10.1007/PL00008162.
Full text not available from this repository.
P-centres are the subjective moments of occurrence of acoustic stimuli and capture properties of regularity and synchrony in production and perception. Two experiments are described which compare the effects of onset and offset amplitude variation and stimulus duration on P-centre location. The discussion is extended to consider the role of P-centres in cross modal temporal phenomena.
|Title:||The point of P-centres|
|UCL classification:||UCL > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Psychology and Language Sciences (Division of) > Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience|
Archive Staff Only: edit this record


text:
Lecture on Dragons
Lecture on Dragons (sometimes known as Essay on Dragons) is an unpublished lecture by J.R.R. Tolkien. Extracts have been published in Leaves from the Tree (1991), in J.R.R. Tolkien: Artist and Illustrator (1995) and in The J.R.R. Tolkien Companion and Guide (2006).
The lecture was originally given on 1 January 1938 to children at the University of Oxford Museum. Tolkien describred two kind of dragons, "'creeping' and 'winged' but, in general, large, deadly, coiling serpent-creatures."


RANK functions
Ranking is data transformation in which values are replaced by their rank when the data is sorted. For any two items, the first is either ranked higher than ranked lower than ranked equal to the second. Values can be ranked from the smallest, or from the largest. Ordinal ranking presumes that all items will receive distinct ordinal numbers, including items that compare equal. Distinct ordinal numbers for items that are equal can be assigned arbitrarily, but it is also


text: The piano is a complicated, subtle tone-producing device. Much work has been done toward understanding its physical and acoustical mechanisms. On the other hand, excellent results have been achieved in commercial sound synthesis, particularly through the sampling and processing of real piano sounds. The present work builds on digital waveguide string synthesis methods to develop physics-based synthesis algorithms of piano and percussion sounds through appropriate physical models chosen with an eye toward psychoacoustics-based simplifications and toward mathematical reformulation into efficient, physically calibratible digital filter structures. Recently developed physics-based sound synthesis algorithms include: a shared-loss string coupling structure modeling two-stage decay, and a simplified string stiffness filter design, both calibratible from recorded sound data; a time-varying wave digital piano hammer or mallet filter directly modeling nonlinear felt stiffness and hysteresis; membrane, plate, room, and piano soundboard models using a 2-D, or 3-D digital waveguide mesh designed for high-speed multiply-free parallel hardware implementation; and a highly simplified commuted piano synthesis method, which commutes the high-order soundboard filter backward through the strings and linearized hammer filter, replacing it with its own impulse response, which in turn is synthesized directly with enveloped noise.


text:
parallelogram of forces
If a particle is under the action of two forces,
which are represented in magnitude and direction by the two sides of a parallelogram
drawn from a point (F1 and F2 in the diagram), the resultant
(R) of the two forces is represented by the diagonal of the parallelogram
drawn from that point.


Simple Palate: The Junk Food Excuse
By Cielestia Calbay
A bag of Cheetos a day keeps the stress away.
Or so suggests a new study that found elevated levels of salt in the body lower stress hormones and raise levels of oxytocin, a hormone associated with love and other social relationships.
The research, which was published in the Journal of Neuroscience, was conducted on a group of rats and studied their response to a stressful situation.
The rats were tied down and their stress levels were measured depending on how much salt they had in their systems.
Researchers found that when restrained, rats with high salt level, also called hypernatremic, showed less activity in their brain's stress systems compared to the rats with normal salt levels.
Additionally, the hypernatremic rats had elevated levels of oxytocin – an element associated with social feelings such as love and is also known for its role in forming bonds between individuals.
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Regulation Z
The Truth in Lending Act was originally Title I of the Consumer Credit Protection Act, Pub.L. 90–321, 82 Stat. 146, enacted June 29, 1968. The regulations implementing the statute, which are known as "Regulation Z", are codified at 12 C.F.R. 226. Most of the specific requirements imposed by TILA are found in Regulation Z, so a reference to the requirements of TILA usually refers to the requirements contained in Regulation Z, as well as the statute itself.
Case Study
Mortgage Lending Expert in APR Calculation
A mortgage lending expert in APR calculation was needed for class action litigation alleging violations of the Truth in Lending Act, also known as Regulation Z.


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Trivia Quiz - Albert Camus - Individualistic French Writer
A quiz on one of the most enigmatic of French writers.
Quiz Number: 4892
Date Submitted: December 24, 2012
Quiz Categories: Literature, Authors
Quiz Type: Personality Quiz
Author: grant228
Average Score: 64.4 percent
Times Taken: 41 times
Taken by Registered Users: 3
Albert Camus Individualistic French Writer
1. In which French colony was Albert Camus born in November, 1913?
 A. Vietnam
 B. New Caledonia
 C. Algeria
 D. Seychelle Islands
2. What political party did Albert Camus join in 1935?
 A. French Democrats
 B. Socialist Party
 C. French Nationals
 D. Communist Party
3. What role did Albert Camus perform for France during World War II?
 A. He was a member of the Resistance.
 B. He wrote a number of satirical anti-Nazi books.
 C. He joined Charles de Gaulle and the Free French force in London.
 D. He saw active service in 1940 but was caught and imprisoned for the remainder of the war.
4. Which of the following books was not written by Camus?
 A. The Fall
 B. The Judgment
 C. The Stranger
 D. The Plague
5. What literary award did Albert Camus win in 1957?
 A. Franz Kafka Prize
 B. Pulitzer Prize
 C. Nobel Prize for Literature
 D. Man Booker International
6. What activity did Camus pursue that he regarded more important than his writing?
 A. Photography
 B. Acting
 C. Football
 D. Meditation
7. What physical ailment plagued Camus for most of his life?
 A. Diabetes
 B. Tuberculosis
 C. Tinnitus
 D. Epilepsy
8. With which notable French writer did Albert Camus have a celebrated disagreement which ended their friendship?
 A. Simone de Beauvoir
 B. Michel Foucault
 C. Antoine Blondin
 D. Jean-Paul Sartre
9. What style of writing best describes the writing of Albert Camus?
 A. Nihilism
 B. Existentialism
 C. Absurdism
 D. Fatalism
10. Albert Camus died at the relatively young age of 46 from what cause?
 A. lung cancer
 B. suicide
 C. murder
 D. car crash® Introduction Privacy Policy Conditions of Use
Innovative 2020


text:
The exhibition catalogue for Ann Hamilton: the Event of a Thread, which opened last night at the Park Avenue Armory in New York City, is published in the form of a twenty-four page newspaper. A copy is currently being accessioned into the Graphic Arts Collection.
Hamilton has transformed the 55,000-square-foot drill hall of the armory into a world of light and shadows, of text being written, text being spoken, and text being heard. The elements of the project are recorded in your catalogue: 11 steel trusses; 3,000,000 cubic feet of air; a white cloth; a field of swings; bells and bellows; a flock of pigeons; a reading table; a writing table; two readers; a concordance; a writer; a mirror; radio transmissions; a singer; a record lathe; a cloak of animal hair; a scroll; a pencil; a page; a score; a line of benches; a flock of radios; [and] a collection of coats.
"The readers' scroll is constituted by a field of words whose graphic organization follows the structure of a concordance. Unlike indices which locate subject matter, concordances alphabetize the principal words used in a single text within the context of the sentence in which they appear. the alphabetized words run like a spine through the text, allowing the reader to examine the intersections of context and the frequency of their usage. a concordance is also an agreement, a harmony."
It's worth a trip just for the swings.
Listen to Hamilton talk about her work:


text:
[Date Prev][Date Next][Thread Prev][Thread Next][Date Index][Thread Index][Subject Index][Author Index]
What is difficult, however, is nourishing unborn young the way mammals do.
A female mammal allows each embryo to burrow deep into the wall of her
womb, where it takes nutrients straight from her blood. This intimate
arrangement was long thought to have only evolved once, in mammals.
Not so. It now appears that it evolved at least twice: once in mammals,
and once in an obscure African lizard called Trachylepis ivensii.


text:
Known at one time as "London's Harlem," the Paramount Ballroom, also known as the Paramount Dance Hall on London's Tottenham Court Road hosted Britain's first jitterbug competition in November 1939, "marking the first high-profile event for a dance craze that would soon sweep the nation. Famed not only for being the country's top destination to jitterbug, the Paramount is of much interest to historians for its mixed race clientele. Writing in 1946, social observer William Samson offered readers an electric account of the venue and the kinetic activities visible inside:
They throw each other away, then, magnetised, come together. Within this simple mathematical framework the improvisation thrives: legs are kicked in special ways, arms extended, the whole body bent in calculated distortion, the torso shivered in a movement half intendedly lunatic. One of the men throws his girl right over his shoulder – a sublime feat.
Popular dancing has a history of cultural interaction, offering dancers a means to exchange new styles of dress, music and movement, and with the popularisation of the jitterbug in the 1940s, the British dancing public were forced to negotiate new interpretations of how the body could and should behave. Considering the influx of black men from the British colonies and American armed forces during the 1940s, the jitterbug arrived at a time when many people were forced to re-assess the meanings of being both white and British.
The Paramount Dance Hall provides a case study which reveals and highlights wider questions of race in London during the Second World War and its immediate aftermath."
Excerpt from "Glitter and Glamour: Race and Dance in 1940s London", Kevin Guyan.


Definitions for MT
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word MT
Random House Webster's College Dictionary
 1. megaton.
 Category: Weights and Measures
 2. metric ton.
 3. Montana.
 Category: Geography (places)
 4. Mountain time.
 1. mitochondrion; mitochondrial.
 Category: Cell Biology
or mt.
 1. mount:
 Mt. Rainier.
 Category: Geography (terms)
 2. mountain.
 Category: Geography (terms)
Princeton's WordNet
 1. meitnerium, Mt, element 109, atomic number 109(noun)
 a radioactive transuranic element
 2. metric ton, MT, tonne, t(noun)
 a unit of weight equivalent to 1000 kilograms
 3. Montana, Treasure State, MT(noun)
 a state in northwestern United States on the Canadian border
 4. machine translation, MT(noun)
 the use of computers to translate from one language to another
 1. mt(Adjective)
 mitochondrion or mitochondria
 Mt Everest
 2. mt(Adjective)
 Mt Everest
 3. mt(Adjective)
 Mount (in the names of mountains)
 Mt Everest
 4. mt(Adjective)
 Mount (in the names of cities)
 Mt Airy
 1. mt
 .mt is the Internet country code top-level domain for Malta. It is sometimes used for Montana related websites.
Translations for MT
Kernerman English Multilingual Dictionary
Mt(written abbreviation)
Mount (used with names)
Mt Everest.
Get even more translations for MT »
Find a translation for the MT definition in other languages:
Select another language:
Discuss these MT definitions with the community:
Use the citation below to add this definition to your bibliography:
"MT." STANDS4 LLC, 2014. Web. 28 Jul 2014. <>.
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text:
1304 Poplar Lane
Miami, FL 33176
Job Objective To secure a responsible and challenging role as a Water Safety Instructor in a progressive organization.
- Water Safety Instructor, 2006 to Present
- Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA
- Instructed water safety and swimming lessons at the pool.
- Instructed techniques like the freestyle, breast stroke and the back stroke.
- Interpreted and implemented pool rules and policies to ensure safety of all swimmers.
- Trained students how to swim safely in water.
- Supervised activities in the swimming areas.
Summary of Qualifications:
- Profound ability to conduct swimming activities
- Immense ability to maintain the pool and surrounding wet areas
- Extended ability to administer appropriate First Aid in emergency
- Extensive experience in skiing, knee boarding, wake boarding and tubing
- Solid ability to manage all safety and risk aspects on the water
B.S in Fitness Exercise, 2004, Yale University
Lifeguard Certification, 2006, Johns Hopkins University


text:
Transnational Mexican-origin families : ways of knowing and implications for schooling
MetadataShow full item record
Transnational Mexican-origin Families is a qualitative study of four working class, Mexican-origin families who resided in the metropolitan Washington, D.C. region and who also made return visits to Mexico at least every two years. Through critical ethnographic case studies, the researcher worked with the families for over two years in multi-sited ethnography, with locations in the U.S. and Mexico. The dissertation examines the following question: What are the ways of knowing of Mexican-origin transnational students and their families in the Washington, D.C. area, and how do these transnational families experience their ways of knowing regarding education in formal schooling contexts? Using transnational theory and Gloria Anzaldúa's theory of conocimiento, or knowing, this study shows how transnational families' ways of knowing are situated in three mutually-constituted domains. They are: 1) chained knowing, including the ways participants are chained to the Mexican-U.S. border and to their communities in Mexico and the U.S., 2) sobrevivencia or survivalist knowing, in terms of how the families both survive and thrive, highlighting what I call their "underdog mentality" as well as the matters of life and death on both sides of the border, and 3) Nepantlera knowing, or an in-between knowing, which allows for attempts at bridge buildings and creation of Third Spaces. In regards to schooling, the transnational aspects of these families' lives remained hidden, despite the students' eagerness to share about their transnationalism. Schools tended to respond to their transnational families along the "continuum of the comfortable," or a line where schools increased their outreach to these families only moderately and only along their terms. The intention of this research is to disrupt assimilationist discourses about immigrants, particularly in light of the need to be able to navigate an increasingly globalized world. Preliminary findings suggest the need to begin to reframe immigrants as transnational, value their language heritages, disrupt the comfort of educators in their outreach to transnational families, and for educators, in particular, to learn to do the work of border crossing in their outreach to transnational families.


text:
Boston, Mass., Monday, April 28, 2014 –TSNE MissionWorks today awarded a series of grants to seven Massachusetts and Rhode Island-based networks to accelerate their commitments toward ending poverty in the region. The grants, made through TSNE's Inclusion Initiative program, will support the multi-sector networks in building a collaborative community of groups who will target their collective efforts at systemic issues that perpetuate economic inequality in the communities of color where they operate.
"The Inclusion Initiative grants are guided by the belief that when nonprofits, businesses, schools, civic organizations and government agencies work together and collaborate it enhances the potential for collective, lasting impact on the root causes of poverty," says Jonathan Spack, Executive Director, TSNE MissionWorks.
Inclusion Initiative grants are awarded in two stages with the first group of seven networks receiving a $28,500 grant to plan their initiative and design their network. In the second round, up to five networks will be awarded a larger implementation grants. In the first round of grants, networks were selected on their plans to address the root causes of poverty in one or more of five main areas including education, healthcare, environmental justice, community and economic development, and youth development.
"It has been 50 years since we first declared the 'war on poverty' and income inequality and poverty has continued to be persistent especially in communities of color," says Ayeesha Lane, Program Manager, Inclusion Initiative. "These grants are targeted to help close the gap and to move the needle on creating more just social systems that support racial and economic equity."
TSNE MissionWorks has awarded funding and provided technical assistance to networks of nonprofit for the past decade. This type of grant making -- multi-year funds to networks of groups -- presents what TSNE MissionWorks believes to be a more effective alternative to the conventional way of making grants which are typically one-year awards to individual organizations working separately on similar issues.
"This grant will enhance our ability to continue reaching men of color in the barbershop setting and encouraging them to become active stakeholders in their own health," says Brenda Jenkins, contributor to the Barbershop Health Network in Worcester, Mass. "Communities of color disproportionately comprise poverty stricken areas and the work funded by grants such as the Inclusion Initiative are imperative to restoring equity to the pervasive income inequality, health disparities, and other social justice issues that impact the population we work with."
"This grant will give us the opportunity to engage youth from communities of color to comprehensively analyze the causes of poverty in our city," says Frank Ramirez, contributor to the Immigrant Youth Solidarity Initiative in Boston, Mass. "The network will be able to pinpoint concrete ways in which the different sectors in the city can act to ensure poor Bostonians have the resources they need to help themselves develop and contribute to the wealth of the community."
The following networks received grant funding:
- The Barbershop Health Network - Worcester, MA
$28,500 to improve population health by employing community members to promote health resources in the community.
- P.O.W.E.R. Network (People Owning Wider Economic Resources) - Central Falls, RI
$28,500 to incubate and provide ongoing support to a diversity of worker owned co-operative businesses.
- Immigrant Youth Leadership and Solidarity Initiative - Boston, MA
$28,500 to cultivate immigrant youth leadership structures and activities that continually promotes immigrant youth leadership.
- Standing Together to End Poverty and Undo Profiling (STEP UP Network) - Providence, RI
$28,500 to build a solid infrastructure led by communities most affected by racial profiling toward shifting the debate on racial profiling in Rhode Island.
- Roxbury Food Justice Hub - Roxbury, MA
$28,500 to develop the Roxbury Food Justice Hub as both a physical space and a network of collaborative partners.
- Mattapan United - Mattapan, MA
$28,500 to improve the quality of life in Mattapan for all residents, focusing on the structural issues that impact poverty.
- Boston Tenant Coalition - Boston, MA
$28,500 to form community led democratic structures outside of the traditional authorities in Boston Public Housing.
About TSNE MissionWorks
Since its founding in 1959, TSNE MissionWorks (_URL_) has focused on building the knowledge, power and effectiveness of nonprofits, so they can better help communities leverage resources, solve problems, identify opportunities – and thrive. We use innovative models and strategies in our work to support organizations committed to social change.
For more information contact:
Sandy St. Louis


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Most Active Stories
- Poll Shows Major Support for Medical Marijuana in Kentucky
- Boating Accident on Kentucky Lake Kills Fisherman
- MSU's Dunn Selected to be Youngstown State's Next President
- Recurring Trials for an Iranian Family – A Microcosm of the Persecution of the Baha'is in Iran
- TVA Eyes Closing Power Units at Shawnee Fossil Plant, Other Coal Facilities
Fri March 25, 2011
The Effects of Water Levels on Safe Boating
By Al Wade
Kuttawa, Ky – Those bathtub rings on the shorelines of our lakes testify to changing lake levels. Alan Wade is a member of the U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary, and next he explains how varying water levels affect boating.
Kentucky Lake's and Lake Barkley's water levels change, as all of us who boat on either lake know. These changes in water levels can be tricky, especially if you are boating out of the main channels. Charts will help, but you need to know what the water level is on that day to really understand your chart.
Reservoir levels start going back up in mid-March. Most reservoirs fill to their highest level by June 1. Reservoirs are drawn to their lowest level by January 1 to provide water-storage capacity in order to reduce flood damage from rain run-off which is most likely to happen in winter and early spring. When it rains in the summer or fall, the water is more likely to soak into the ground, with some run-off. But, when it rains in the colder months, most of the water will run-off into the lake which can change the lake level. We all remember when Nashville received a historical level of rain, which raised our lake level dramatically with dire consequences for many homes, especially in Livingston County.
These high levels of water affect boaters. Debris floats out into the lakes. Sometimes there are logs and trees which may be partially submerged and pose hidden dangers for boaters.
Low water levels also affect boaters. If you are a regular boater in Lake Barkley, you surely are aware of many protruding trees or rocks. What was passable last week may be dangerous this week, if the water level is lower.
How do you know what the water level is? Go to _URL_ for up to date information. Select the reservoir for which you need information, either Lake Barkley or Kentucky Lake or any other. You will find the Reservoir Elevation, which is the water behind the dam, and the Tailwater Elevation, which is the water below the dam.
Be informed. This information may better help you to understand lake conditions and travel on-water more safely.
As always, avoid excessive speed, avoid alcohol, and always wear a life jacket!
If you want to know more about this topic or the Coast Guard Auxiliary, search online for US Coast Guard Auxiliary 4 Rivers, for a flotilla near you.
Alan Wade is a member of the U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary, a volunteer branch working to contribute to the safety and security of our citizens, ports, waterways and coastal regions.


text:
If you need to show codes Word 2000 allows you to. If you need to hide codes Word 2000 allows it as well. Learn how here.
Reasons to display nonprinting characters
- General editing: Display nonprinting characters when you need to follow a specified format.
- Combining two paragraphs: Erase the returns that separate paragraphs. Returns are represented on the screen by paragraph symbols. Erasing the symbol will erase the return.
- Deleting tabs: Place the insertion point to the right of the tab symbol, then press the Backspace key.
Displaying paragraph characters
- It's easier to combine and separate paragraphs by erasing and inserting actual paragraph symbols.
- Each paragraph symbol contains important information about the format of the paragraph preceding it, including type size and style, indentation, and borders.


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Index of dispersion
In probability theory and statistics, the index of dispersion, dispersion index, coefficient of dispersion, or variance-to-mean ratio (VMR), like the coefficient of variation, is a normalized measure of the dispersion of a probability distribution: it is a measure used to quantify whether a set of observed occurrences are clustered or dispersed compared to a standard statistical model.
It is also known as the Fano factor, though this term is sometimes reserved for windowed data (the mean and variance are computed over a subpopulation), where the index of dispersion is the special case where the window is infinite. Windowing data is frequently done: the VMR is frequently computed over various intervals in time or small regions in space, which may be called "windows", and the resulting statistic called the Fano factor.
It is only defined when the mean μ is non-zero, and is generally only used for positive statistics, such as count data or time between events, or where the underlying distribution is assumed to be the exponential distribution or Poisson distribution.
In this context, the observed dataset may consist of the times of occurrence of predefined events, such as earthquakes in a given region over a given magnitude, or of the locations in geographical space of plants of a given species. Details of such occurrences are first converted into counts of the numbers of events or occurrences in each of a set of equal-sized timeor space-regions.
The above defines a dispersion index for counts. A different definition applies for a dispersion index for intervals, where the quantities treated are the lengths of the time-intervals between the events, and where the index is equivalent to the square of the coefficient of variation of the interval lengths. Common usage is that "index of dispersion" means the dispersion index for counts.
Some distributions, most notably the Poisson distribution, have equal variance and mean, giving them a VMR = 1. The geometric distribution and the negative binomial distribution have VMR > 1, while the binomial distribution has VMR < 1, and the constant random variable has VMR = 0. This yields the following table:
|constant random variable||VMR = 0||not dispersed|
|binomial distribution||0 < VMR < 1||under-dispersed|
|Poisson distribution||VMR = 1|
|negative binomial distribution||VMR > 1||over-dispersed|
When the coefficient of dispersion is less than 1, a dataset is said to be "under-dispersed": this condition can relate to patterns of occurrence that are more regular than the randomness associated with a Poisson process. For instance, points spread uniformly in space or regular, periodic events will be under-dispersed.
If the index of dispersion is larger than 1, a dataset is said to be over-dispersed: this can correspond to the existence of clusters of occurrences. Clumped, concentrated data is over-dispersed.
In terms of the interval-counts, over-dispersion corresponds to there being more intervals with low counts and more intervals with high counts, compared to a Poisson distribution: in contrast, under-dispersion is characterised by there being more intervals having counts close to the mean count, compared to a Poisson distribution.
The relevance of the index of dispersion is that it has a value of one when the probability distribution of the number of occurrences in an interval is a Poisson distribution. Thus the measure can be used to assess whether observed data can be modeled using a Poisson process.
A sample-based estimate of the dispersion index can be used to construct a formal statistical hypothesis test for the adequacy of the model that a series of counts follow a Poisson distribution.
The VMR is a good measure of the degree of randomness of a given phenomenon. This technique is also commonly used in currency management.
For randomly diffusing particles (Brownian motion), the distribution of the number of particle inside a given volume is poissonian, i.e. VMR=1. Therefore, to assess if a given spatial pattern (assuming you have a way to measure it) is due purely to diffusion or if some particle-particle interaction is involved : divide the space into patches, Quadrats or Sample Units (SU), count the number of individuals in each patch or SU, and compute the VMR. VMRs significantly higher than 1 denote a clustered distribution, where random walk is not enough to smother the attractive inter-particle potential.
The first to discuss the use of a test to detect deviations from a Poisson or binomial distribution appears to have been Lexis in 1877. One of the tests he developed was the Lexis ratio.
This index was first used in botany by Clapham in 1936.
If the variates are Poisson distributed then ihe index of dispersion is distributed as a χ2 statistic with n - 1 degrees of freedom when n is large and is μ > 3. For many cases of interest this approximation is accurate and Fisher in 1950 derived an exact test for it.
Hoel studied the first four moments of its distribution He found that the approximation to the χ2 statistic is reasonable if μ > 5.
See also
Similar ratios
- Coefficient of variation,
- Standardized moment,
- Fano factor, (windowed VMR)
- Signal to noise ratio, (in signal processing)
- Cox &Lewis (1966)
- Cox & Lewis (1966), p72
- Cox & Lewis (1966), p71
- Cox & Lewis (1966), p158
- Upton&Cook(2006), under index of dispersion
- Frome EL (1982) Algorithm AS 171: Fisher's exact variance test for the Poisson distribution. J Roy Stat Soc Series C (Applied Statistics) 31(1) (1982) 67-71
- Hoel PG (1943) On indices of dispersion. Annals Math Stat 14(2) 155-162
- Cox, D. R., and Lewis, P.A.W. (1966) The Statistical Analysis of Series of Events Methuen, London
- Upton, G., and Cook, I. (2006) Oxford Dictionary of Statistics (2nd edition). OUP. ISBN 978-0-19-954145-4


Fallible Ideas Podcast
Episode: Sense of Life, Learning and Practicing
I explain sense of life, then explain how learning works, how the mind is organized, the hierarchy of knowledge, the role of practice, and what that means for changing your sense of life (or changing your emotions or any other intuitive, automatic or second-nature ideas). Link: _URL_
Listen (mp3). Duration 22:17. Date: 2019-09-28
Episode List | iTunes | RSS Feed


text:
2016 Distinguished Healthcare Diversity Advocate
The Distinguished Healthcare Diversity Advocate award recognizes individuals of color who have made a difference in the diversity and inclusion realm through their research or achievements, and exemplify the ability to excel in the healthcare field.
- Creates or spearheads innovative diversity initiatives that establish and foster a more inclusive and equitable work environment
- Sustains a record of accomplishments or contributions to the healthcare industry throughout the scope of his or her career
- Demonstrates active involvement in community outreach programs
- Retains a commendable reputation with colleagues, superiors, and patients
- Exhibits and demonstrates a commitment to the highest ethical standards and professional excellence
- Demonstrates a consistent pattern of commitment to the recruitment, training, development, and retention of individuals from all populations
Requirements of Award Winners
Send bio and a photo, which needs to be in 300dpi resolution and in jpeg or gif style, to event coordinator.
Call for Nominations
- A call for nominations is sent out through email blast, and social media networks.
- Individuals nominate award winners online or via email.
- A local awards committee is formed, composed of 3-5 people with diverse backgrounds who research potential award winners.
- They seek input from the State Council Board of Directors and council members.
- Award winners are notified by email of their selection by Dennis Kennedy, Founder and CEO of the National Diversity Council.


text:
published on June 28, 2017
The Contractualist Dilemma
In moral and political philosophy many contractualist views appeal to hypothetical consent when justifying their proposed normative contents. In this paper I argue that all of them fail. In particular, I defend three claims. First, I consider and develop what I call the common objection to contractualism: that the stipulation of a hypothetical consent adds nothing to the independent reasons offered in contractualist procedures in favor of the normative content in question. Second, I hold that this objection gives rise to what I call the contractualist dilemma. Third, in light of the dilemma, I argue that contractualism should be understood in a non-justificatory way. These three claims might sound familiar to readers versed on the contractualist tradition. It is striking, however, how many contemporary authors continue to defend contractualism as a method of justification despite these arguments. This paper is thus a strong invitation to finally abandon the justificatory interpretation of this view.


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Solution: Cleaner Fuels
Heavy fuels can be replaced with marine diesel oil (MDO) which is less carbon intensive and allows for more effective fuel combustion, resulting in better efficiency and lower levels of emitted particulate matter.
This switch can reduce carbon dioxide emossions from vessels by as much as 5 percent. Such a switch could also reduce nitrous oxide by more than 91 percent, particulate matter by 63 percent and nitrogen oxides as a group by nearly five percent.
Instead of cleaner MDO, the oil currently used by most ocean-going ships is of low quality. This type of "residual fuel" is used because of its low cost, around $550 per metric ton.
Even so, its use presents challenges for ship operators. Residual fuels must be heated to about 140 degrees C before being used. A proportion of the fuel, the sludge which cannot be put though the engine, must be removed, and is regularly burned on board for disposal.
The sulfur content of residual fuels varies according to the crude stock but globally averages about 2.5 percent. In contrast, cleaner fuels such as marine diesel oil contain 0.5 percent sulfur, while marine gas oil contains only 0.1 percent sulfur.
Switching to low-sulfur fuels would reduce emissions of fine particles, including black carbon, as well as carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and nitrous oxide, and enable the use of other emissions control equipment that the sulfur levels in residual fuel would otherwise impede.


text:
Nxy) there exist maximum value of Nusselt number.
- The average Nusselt number increases monotonically with increasing Reynolds number.
- The average Nusselt number increase with decreasing clearance ratio monotonically and whereas inter-fin distance ratio effect on Nusselt number is not monotonous.
- There exist a optimum value of inter-fin distance ratio (i.e.; spacing).
- For a given Reynolds number, the pin-fin array with particular inter-fin distance or number of pin-fins gives higher performance than those at other values
- A area, m2
- C clearance between fin tip and the roof, mm
- Cp specific heat of air, J/kg K
- d diameter of the pin-fin, mm
- f friction factor
- G mass flux, kg/m2s
- H height of the pin-fin, mm
- k thermal conductivity, W/m K
- L length of the base plate, mm
- m mass flow rate of air, kg/s
- N number of pin-fin
- Nu Nusselt number
- Q heat transfer rate, W
- Re Reynolds number
- S spacing, mm
- t temperature,o C
- T temperature, K
- W width of the base plate, mm
- x, y, z set of Cartesian coordinates
- p overall pressure drop along the array, N/m2
- dynamic viscosity, N s/m2
- density, kg/m3
- a air
- b base plate
- conv convection
- ff free flow
- in inlet condition
- rad radiation
- tot total
- ts total surface
- x, y directions
- Ames, F.M. Dvorak, A.L. and Morrow, M.J. 2005 Turbulent augmentation of internal convection over pins in staggered pin-fin arrays. J. Turbo machine, 127, 183-190.
- Amstrong,J and Winstanely,D. 1988 A review of staggered array pin-fin heat transfer for turbine cooling applications. J.
Turbomachinery, 110, 94-103
- BabusHaq, R.F., Probert, S.D. and Taylor, C.R. 1993 Heat transfer effectiveness of shrouded, rectangular-fin arrays. Applied Energy 46, 99-112.
- BabusHaq, R.F., Akintunde, K. and Probert, S.D. 1995 Thermal performances of a pin fin assembly. Int. J. Heat & Fluid Flow 16, 50-55.
- Baskaya. S., Sivrioglu, M. and Ozek, M. 2000 Parametric study of natural convection heat transfer from horizontal rectangular fin arrays. Int. J. Therm. Sci. 39 797-805
- Brigham, B.A. and VanFossen, G.J. 1984 Length to diameter ratio and row number effects in short pin fin heat transfer. J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power, 106, pp.241-245.
- Chyu, M.K. 1990 Heat transfer and pressure drop for short pin-fin arrays with pin-endwall fillet. J. Heat Transfer ASME, 112, 926-932.
- Chyu, M.K., Hsing, Y.C. and Natarajan, V. 1998 Convective heat transfer of cubic fin arrays in a narrow channel. J. Heat Transfer ASME, 120, 362-367.
- Incropera F.P. and De Witt D.P. 1985 Fundamentals of heat and mass transfer, 2nd Edition. New York: John Wiley.
- Jeng, T.M. and Tzeng, S.C. 2006 Pressure drop and heat transfer of square pin-fin arrays in in-line and staggered arrangements. Int. J. Heat and Mass Transfer, 50 (11-12) 2364-2375.


What Happens If You Accidentally Eat Rubber?
What happens if you eat poop?
What happens to a person when they eat poop.
Can Stomach acid dissolve teeth?
Stomach acid has a pH of 2.0. It is very acidic and will slowly dissolve your teeth as dental enamel begins to dissolve at 5.5. As your teeth begin to dissolve, you'll notice that your teeth have an increased sensitivity to cold and hot foods.
Can you digest rubber?
However, your saliva cannot digest the rubber. If you swallow the gum, it will then make it down to your stomach.
How long should you chew a piece of gum?
twenty minutesIt is best to chew soon after eating. Chewing for up to twenty minutes increases the flow of saliva, speeding up the time that it takes for saliva to cancel out the acid.
Is it healthy to cook with silicone?
Silicone bakeware is heat-resistant and safe for the oven and freezer. It doesn't change flavours or release odours that might affect food quality. It's believed to have low toxicity and thermal stability. … For now, silicone is a safer alternative to non-stick cookware treated with perfluorooctanoic acid.
Can eating plastic harm you?
How can I make my stomach acid stronger?
However, there are a few steps you can follow to help increase stomach acid levels on your own.Chew your food. A simple but overlooked tip to improve stomach acid levels and digestion is to thoroughly chew your food. … Limit processed foods. … Eat fermented vegetables. … Drink apple cider vinegar. … Eat ginger.
Can your body break down glass?
Can a glass splinter come out by itself? Small, pain-free splinters located near the skin surface can slowly work their way out with normal shedding of the skin. Also, the body might reject the glass splinter as a foreign body by forming a small pus-filled pimple.
Is heating silicone harmful?
The FDA says that silicone won't react with other materials or release hazardous compounds when heated and is safe for food contact. … The concern revolves around compounds found in silicone called siloxanes.
Does silicone leach into food?
How long should a swallowed coin stay in stomach?
"Eighty to 90 percent of the time, coins pass unobstructed," says Dr. Kettlehake. "They usually pass in less than four to five days, often within 48 hours." In these cases, you should still consult with your child's doctor or after-hours line immediately.
Does chewing gum help jawline?
How long does it take to pass a swallowed object?
Can your stomach break down gum?
Although chewing gum is designed to be chewed and not swallowed, it generally isn't harmful if swallowed. Folklore suggests that swallowed gum sits in your stomach for seven years before it can be digested. But this isn't true. If you swallow gum, it's true that your body can't digest it.
Does stomach acid dissolve plastic?
How do I know if I swallowed glass?
Is it bad to swallow blood?
How long does plastic stay in your body?
Stahlhut says that it appears that the amount of BPA in the body drops relatively rapidly from four to nine hours after exposure, but then levels out. "After the nine hours or so," he says, "it stops doing what it's supposed to and the decline goes flat."
What happens if you eat silicone rubber?
The bottom line. When used in household products such as cooking utensils, silicone is largely a safe material. However, research suggests that liquid silicone can be dangerous if it gets inside your body through ingestion, injection, absorption, or leakage from an implant.
What happens if I accidentally eat plastic?
The good news is that eating a piece of plastic won't mean you will have the same fate as the poor animals that mistake plastic for food. According to Lusher, the plastic will leave your system after a day since it's small and your body tries to get rid of anything that can't be dissolved or used effectively.
What should I do if I swallowed a small piece of glass?
Most need urgent removal. Sharp objects can become stuck and lead to a puncture in the digestive tract. Small pieces of glass generally pass without any symptoms.


text:
1. Dial your office extension (701-845-7XXX) from any phone off campus and wait for it to get to voicemail.
2. When your voicemail greeting begins press the star key (*) on your phone.
3. When prompted enter your extension 37XXX followed by the pound or hashtag key (#)
4. When prompted enter you voicemail PIN follow by the pound or hashtag key (#).
5. Your are now at the Unity Connections voicemail menu. Press 4 on your phone keypad to begin setup options.
6. Press 1 on your phone keypad to change your greetings.
7. Press 1 on your phone keypad to rerecord your standard greeting or Press 3 on your phone keypad to edit all other greetings.
8. If you press 3, follow the menu options to edit the other greetings.


text:
Space Travel Can Actually Make You Taller
With the exception of throwing yourself into a pair of tall shoes, there really is no way to make you any taller than that with which genetics blessed you. That is, unless you have a connection with the space program.
According to NASA, traveling to outer space has proven to add anywhere between two to three inches to an astronaut's height. Strangely, even though NASA has been aware of this phenomenon for years, they have not yet been able to pinpoint the exact cause. However, scientists anticipate that it is the result of a spine free from the constraints of gravity, according to Space.com.
To study this hypothesis, researchers plan to study six astronauts in a clinical trial where they will use spinal ultrasounds to gauge the difference in their height during 30, 90 and 150 days of space travel. Researchers say the study will be challenging due to spinal ultrasounds being more difficult to conduct than on other parts of the body.
"Today there is a new ultrasound device on the station that allows more precise musculoskeletal imaging required for assessment of the complex anatomy and the spine," said Scott A. Dulchavsky, the principal investigator. "The crew will be able to perform these complex evaluations in the next year due to a newly developed Just-In-Time training guide for spinal ultrasound, combined with refinements in crew training and remote guidance procedures."
Unfortunately, the extra length incurred in space does not last forever here on Earth. Scientists report that most astronauts return back to their normal size within a couple months.
We are curious to find out if space travel would add extra inches to the length of our man junk. Yeah, yeah, we know what you're thinking: what are those guys going to do with four inch penises?


text:
The piezoelectrical effect of piezoelectric
ceramic is used in this ultrasonic sensor for
detecting the 40kHzwavelength of acoustic
1. Small size, light weight.
2. Size can be between 15-20mm in diameter.
3. Optimum structure and decay time.
4. Maximum input voltage is large, and sensitivity setting is easy.
5. Wide usage temperature range: -30 ~ +80°C
6. Sensor is sealed and suitable for in-vehicle or outdoor use.
1. Car rear sensors (sonar)
2. Unattended parking systems
3. Unattended open/close systems
4. Intruder warning devices
Maximum input voltage
Operating temperature range
100MΩ (when DC 100V is impressed)
DC 100V max.
AC 150Vp-p max.
*Specifications may be changed for the purpose of improvement and upgrading.


text: The Archives of Michigan collects and preserves election records dating back to the beginning Michigan's statehood--1835. These records include precinct level voting results for each statewide election. These records are valuable to people who are studying trends in voting behavior and population changes. However, one very important piece of documentation is missing from the Archives' holdings--precinct level maps that identify the boundaries of each precinct at the time of an election. Without these maps, it is difficult (if not impossible) to compare the precinct level results from different election years to each other. Instead analysis must be done at the county level.


text:
Research Project Search
Engineering Students Win With Online Game
May 17, 2008 - A team of Ohio University engineering and technology students won an honorable mention from the Environmental Protection Agency for their online environmental game designed to improve public awareness of chemical exposure, the university announced.
The Russ College of Engineering and Technology students competed in the 4th Annual National Sustainable Design Expo from April 20-22 at the National Mall in Washington, D.C. Nearly 60 teams represented colleges and universities across America.
The Chemical Exposure Awareness Game, funded by a $10,000 EPA grant, is played in the online virtual world Second Life. Modeled on Monopoly, the game exposes players to various daily chemicals to teach positive and negative effects. Players also are encouraged to strive for more sustainable lifestyles.
The expo was the second phase of the EPA's People, Prosperity and the Planet, P3, competition.The first phase, for which the team won the grant, asked teams to demonstrate how they planned to research and develop innovative designs to address challenges to sustainability.
Associate Professor of Computer Science Chang Liu and Professor of Civil Engineering Tiao Chang led students Ying Zhong, Yanhui Fang, En Ye and Jourdan Siemer in developing the game.
"Our team was the only computer game to compete in the expo," Zhong said in an OU news release. "Our game was very popular at the expo, especially with children."
"Students waited in lines to play our P3 game," Liu said. "I think this was evidence that our team had made progress toward the goal of improving chemical awareness though engaging programming."


Using Nix to Create R Virtual Environments
Previously we saw how to use Nix to create virtual environments for Python. We can do the same for R. This means we can have different simultaneous R installations for different projects and keep the installed packages for each project separated. An important benefit of this is the ability to have different (incompatible) versions of the same packages for different projects.
The straightforward approach is to let Nix handle all R package management. However, sometimes it is useful to manage packages through the various R tools such as the built-in install.packages or install utilities provided by the devtools package.
R looks for installed packages in the R library directories, of which there are two types: the system library and the user library. By default these package management tools install packages in the first-specified user library directory. The user library directories can be specified through the R_LIBS_USER environment variable. We can use Nix to specify a unique library directory per project.
For example, create a in your project root as follows:
with import {};
 my-r = rWrapper.override {
 packages = with rPackages; [
 pkgs.mkShell {
 buildInputs = [
 shellHook = ''
 mkdir -p "$(pwd)/_libs"
 export R_LIBS_USER="$(pwd)/_libs"
Activate it in your shell by running $ nix-shell.
This makes available R with ggplot, plyr, tidyr and devtools. It creates a subdirectory in your project root, _libs, where the project's R user library is located.


text:
CT teens develop bullying app to protect peers
NEW HAVEN, Conn. (WHDH) -- A group of Connecticut teens has developed an app to protect their peers. The app is called 'Back off Bully' or 'BOB'.
They hope it will change the way schools respond to the issue across the state.
Statistics show one in four Connecticut kids suffers the horrors of bullying.
"Students are bullied and they don't know how or where to go to get help," said Christina Puglisi, a BOB developer.
The brainchild of 14 teens in a New Haven design class may become standard operating procedure at schools across the state.
The web app is an anonymous resource. When kids witness or are the victim of bullying they can use their computer, smart phone, or iPad to report the incident. The app will ask questions about where and when the bullying is happening. All of the reported information is put in a data base so administrators can study it for common threads, intervene and break the bully's pattern.
"It's not something adults are telling them something to use, it's something kids are making for one another," Adam Scott who worked with research and design, said of the app.
"Instead of doing negative things for their phone, do a positive thing. Report somebody," said Michelle Zheng, a Bob developer.
"We're making reporters out of the 400 students at our school. So we can hope that we're catching more of that bullying and be able to actually affect change," said Puglisi.
Students have already begun promoting the app around the Metropolitan Academy. They plan to make a big push with next year's freshman class.


Node Tutorial Part 12
Alex R. Young
tutorials server node lmawa nodepad npm express
Node Tutorial Part 12
Posted by Alex R. Young on.
tutorials server node lmawa nodepad npm express
Node Tutorial Part 12
Posted by Alex R. Young on.
Welcome to part 12 of Let's Make a Web App, a tutorial series about
building a web app with Node. This series will
walk you through the major areas you'll need to face when building your
own applications. These tutorials are tagged with
Previous tutorials:
Updating Mongoose
Mongoose 1.0.0 has been released, which changes the API quite
significantly. In particular, model definitions are very different to
the version we were using. I've updated the app to use Mongoose 1.0.7 so
you'll be able to learn how to use the new API.
Because we've locked all of our packages to versions using npm's
_USER_ syntax, it's easy to switch between versions of a
package. The new version of Mongoose can be installed like this:
npm install mongoose@1.0.7
I then went through and updated the requires:
mongoose = require('mongoose@1.0.7')
The file that needs the most changes is
models.js. Let's look at the Document model to see how it can be
defined with the new API.
Document Model
Mongoose 1.0 models are defined using Schema objects. Once
they've been defined it's possible to decorate them with virtual
attributes and middleware. Virtual attributes are getters and setters,
and middleware is a convenient way of injecting functions into key
lifecycle events.
The schema just defines attributes and their associated properties --
validations can even be defined. Nodepad's Document model
is actually very simple:
var Schema = mongoose.Schema,
 ObjectId = Schema.ObjectId;
Document = new Schema({
 'title': { type: String, index: true },
 'data': String,
 'tags': [String],
 'user_id': ObjectId
I've defined an index on the title attribute, and told Mongoose what
types I want to use. Notice that the tag array (which is currently
unused) is defined using [String] rather than
Array or some other collection type.
Once a schema has been defined it's important to tell Mongoose about it:
mongoose.model('Document', Document);
Now the Document model can be used like this:
All of these commands will be queued if there isn't a database
connection yet.
User Model
The User schema is a bit more complicated. We need to
validate the presence of an email address and password. It's easy for
email addresses:
function validatePresenceOf(value) {
 return value && value.length;
User = new Schema({
 'email': { type: String, validate: [validatePresenceOf, 'an email is required'], index: { unique: true } },
 'hashed_password': String,
 'salt': String
Mongoose lets us define functions for validators. It'll also accept a
regular expression.
I haven't defined a password attribute because we don't want to store
the plaintext password. Previously this was defined as a 'getter'; now
it needs to be a virtual attribute:
 .set(function(password) {
 this._password = password;
 this.salt = this.makeSalt();
 this.hashed_password = this.encryptPassword(password);
 .get(function() { return this._password; });
There are a few interesting points here:
 - The syntax for getters and setters requires a call to virtual first
 - The getter and setters are defined with get and set
 - These definitions can be chained
The next thing we need to do is make sure this password is validated. We
can't do it with the schema definition because it's a virtual attribute,
so let's use the new middleware feature instead:
User.pre('save', function(next) {
 if (!validatePresenceOf(this.password)) {
 next(new Error('Invalid password'));
 } else {
I've reused the function from the email validation. This function will
run before save is called. Calling next() will
move to the next middleware or save itself, but passing an
Error will cause the error to be returned to the function
passed to save from Nodepad's app code:
user.save(function(err) {
 if (err) return userSaveFailed();
 //...
The old API wasn't as flexible as this, so I hope middleware makes
switching to the new API worth the effort.
Instance Methods
One thing I couldn't find in the Mongoose
was how to define instance
methods. I tried calling Schema.method and it just happened
to work, so for reference it looks like this:
User.method('authenticate', function(plainText) {
 return this.encryptPassword(plainText) === this.hashed_password;
User.method('makeSalt', function() {
 return Math.round((new Date().valueOf() * Math.random())) + '';
User.method('encryptPassword', function(password) {
 return crypto.createHmac('sha1', this.salt).update(password).digest('hex');
These are the methods we use to make dealing with passwords easier.
The other model in the project, LoginToken, just uses the
same techniques discussed here.
Query Signature Changes
For a start, Model.find().first() no-longer works. We now
need to use findOne:
app.post('/sessions', function(req, res) {
 User.findOne({ email: req.body.user.email }, function(err, user) {
 if (user && user.authenticate(req.body.user.password)) {
 req.session.user_id = user.id;
 //...
Secondly, the query callback signature has changed to
function(err, user). This makes error handling more
convenient but meant I had to change every single finder in the entire
It took me about 3 hours to learn Mongoose 1.0 and port Nodepad to it.
However, Nodepad is a pretty small project, so keep this in mind if
you'd like to move your own projects to the newer API.
This week's code is commit


Constitution of the Jongleurs
We the students of Hampden-Sydney College, in order toform a theatrical society, establish dramatic interpretation, insure worthwhile productions, provide for the entertainment of the community, promote artistic, appreciation, and secure the blessings of talent to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the Jongleurs.
Article I: Name
We shall be called the Jongleurs.
Article II: Purposes
1. We shall strive to explore, cultivate, and revel in the joy of researching, studying, and performing theatrical performances.
2. We shall seek to promote self-discipline, talent, and camaraderie through the perpetuation of this artistic endeavor at Hampden-Sydney College.
Article III: Membership
1. Any student at Hampden-Sydney College who wishes to do so may become a member.
2. The Jongleurs will have an active official advisor, who will be the professor of Fine Arts at Hampden-Sydney specializing in theatre.
Article IV: Composition
1. The Jongleurs' existence will entail a general meeting on the first Tuesday of every month. At these meeting we shall do one or more of the following:
a. Discuss and examine the business affairs of the organization.
b. Discuss and examine various plays which are of particular interest of the members.
c. Work on constructing sets, establishing lighting plots,or setting musical segments, et cetera for theatrical productions.
2. The Jongleurs will sponsor organizational or Fine Arts productions for the benefit of the entire community.
Article V: Elections and Officers
1. The Jongleurs shall hold elections at the last meeting prior to April 1 of each year, and it shall observe all regulations regarding elections and notification of new officers as found in the Student Finance Board Manual and in The Key.
2. Officers will assume their duties at the first meeting on or after April 1.
3. The President shall be responsible for presiding over meetings; representing the Jongleurs at official functions; and keeping in close contact with the organization's advisor.
4. The Vice-President shall be an advisor to the President and shall be responsible for the President's duties when he is unavailable to attend organizational functions.
5. The Secretary-Treasurer shall be responsible for keeping a record of the organization's activities; corresponding with others as the Jongleurs sees fit; and reporting to the organization any correspondence he received concerning the society.
Article VI: Finance
1. Each member shall be obliged to pay an semesterly membership fee of $5. This fee shall help to cover the cost of staging theatrical productions, not produced by the Hampden-Sydney Fine Arts Department.
2. The Jongleurs shall request funding from the Student Finance Board to subsidize the remaining portion of expenses.
3. The Jongleurs shall observe all pertinent regulations and guidelines pursuant to maintaining active status as an organization, as found in the Student Finance Board Manual and in The Key.
Article VII: Amendments
At any time the members, by two-thirds majority, may amend this Constitution as is needed.


text:
International comparisons need to be treated with caution
Commenting on the report released by the Sutton Trust on achievement by young people in maths in international tests, Chris Keates, General Secretary of the NASUWT, the largest teachers' union, said:
"Teachers across the country want to ensure that all pupils are achieving. There is more that can be done and no-one is complacent.
"However, this daily denigration of our education system by one self-promoting organisation after another is corrosive and demoralising for pupils and teachers alike, particularly when simplistic conclusions are drawn from highly complex information.
"The maths tests to which the Sutton Trust refers are one-off tests and those responsible for devising the tests caution against using them to make such hard-and-fast comparisons between countries.
"Their conclusions raise more questions than they answer. They are not comparing like with like.
"The education systems are different. The pupils taking the tests are selected differently. Some countries do nothing but prepare for the tests for months. Some, like Shanghai, may not enter a pupil sample generally reflective of the student population and use crammer sessions to prepare.
"Such comparisons, therefore, need to be viewed with extreme caution.
"We can always learn lessons from international comparators but they should not be used as a stick to beat an education system which day-in day-out is delivering for all children, not just an elite."


Document Type
This study examined the correlation between information (content, accuracy, format, and timeliness), system (ease of use) and two additional factors i.e pricing and environment toward user satisfaction in Indonesia's online newspaper based on Doll and Torkzadeh framework. The benefit of this research is to facilitate current online newspaper providers to be more focus on factors that contribute to user satisfaction thus can increase its quality and user satisfaction as well. Furthermore, it is also purposed to endorse newspaper to have online version and facilitate them on what factors contribute to user satisfaction so they can go online with competitive advantage along with the existence online newspaper providers. The study identified three factors that influence Indonesia's online newspaper user satisfaction such as content, ease of use, and pricing.


text: EXPERIMENT 3 INEXTINGUISHABLE FLAME Place a funnel against the flame of a candle and blow it through the thin end. The flame of candle won't so much as stir, although the stream of air from the funnel would seem to be striking the flame directly. You might think that the funnel is far way from the flame and bring the flame more near to funnel and blow harder alas you might be shocked because the flame is not deflected away from you but towards you in spite of the fact that you may blow harder, against the stream of air coming form the funnel. What is done to extinguish the flame? It is needed to locate the funnel so that flame is not on the axis of the funnel but in the line of its cone part. Now by blowing into the funnel you will easily extinguishes the candle. This is explained by the fact that air stream leaving the narrow part of the funnel does not propagate along the axis but spreads along the walls of the cone, thus forming a sort of air vortex. But the air along the funnel axis is rarefied with the result that airflow sets in near the axis, thus making it lean toward the funnel.


text:
CELLMEN AFTER SHAVE CREAM/ LOTION
After Shave CreamCellmen Cellsplash
Cellmen CellSplash is the after-shave cream that has unique daily invigorating liquid texture exclusively formulated for men's skin hormones. Cellmen CellSplash is thoroughly alcohol and methanol free after-shave cream.
Energize and Soothe Male Skin with Cellsplash After Shave Cream
After daily or weekly cleaning –
Toning and rebalancing the skin's pH level after cleansing is an essential part of looking after your skin. This action:
- Completes the cleansing process.
- Rebalances the skin's hydrolipidic film.
- Optimizes the skin's absorption of Phyto and cellular extracts.
Shaving daily acts as a combative process to the skin. Cellmen CellSplash After Shave Lotion alters the already deficient hydrolipidic film and modifies its natural pH level. This after-shave cream causes dehydration, cutaneous irritation, and a lack of protection for the skin when exposed to a range of external aggressions. This problem is further intensified for men by the visibility of red spots and redness, mainly in the neck area, causing discomfort and is stunningly unattractive.
Agonizingly, many men still tent to use alcohol-based products or after shaving lotion. However, It is like putting 90º proof alcohol on a wound!
After shaving the skin needs effective skincare tailored explicitly to its masculine identity to help:
- Regenerate the hydrolipidic film after shaving.
- Immediately soothe.
- Regulate cutaneous homeostasis.
Cellmen Cellsplash After Shave Cream
Preserve cutaneous homeostasis
Maintain the balance of cutaneous functions despite external aggressions. Normal and correct skin functioning is maintained utilizing a homeostasis mechanism. Water and ion balance are two of the most critical factors for this homeostasis mechanism to work well.
- Water provides the medium for the metabolic processes to take place.
- Distribution of ions into the different skin layers determine the movements of fluids between the intracellular and the extracellular spaces, the maintenance of the membrane electrochemical potential, and the starting or inactivation of many cellular processes.
After Shave Cream for MenCellmen Cellsplash
Cellmen CellSplash resides in its double function as both a revitalizing, rebalancing cellular tonic and a calming after-shave lotion.
This after shaving cream contributes to the following factors:
- Clean, refreshed and toned skin.
- Soothed, rebalanced skin.
- A more radiant complexion.
Recommended to Men
- Exclusively reserved for men, from age 20.
- All skin types, even sensitive skin.
- For all men looking for a healthy, alcohol-free, after-shave treatment.


text:
Ivan: Meaning, Popularity, Origin of Baby Name Ivan | Boys
Origin of the name Ivan:
A Russian name, Ivan is a cognate of John (God is gracious), which is from the Ecclesiastic Late Latin Joannes and the Ecclesiastic Greek Iōannes, derivatives of the Hebrew yōhānān, a contraction of yehōhānān, (Yahweh is gracious).
Looking for more name information? Get Name MatchMaker & more Expert name-finding tools!
Sister & Brother Names
Know an Ivan? What are his siblings named?
Contribute your knowledge to the name Ivan
- Comments and insights on the name Ivan: | Edit
One likely reason that Ivan is still popular in the "Spanish Southwest" while not in the rest of the country, is because older relatives with limited English can easily pronounce it in Spanish. Also, parents who want to honor a "Juan" in the family will sometimes use this cognate. Alan and Edgar also fall into this category.
The original, Russian pronunciation is more like, "Yvonne," a source of tension in some cases, if the name-holder is actually Russian.
- Personal experiences with the name Ivan: | Edit
This name has stronger ethnic/Russian connotations than almost any other, to the point of being used as an epithet during the Cold War. Having the name, even as a middle name, seems to automatically lead to a presumption of Russian ancestry, correctly or no.
- Nicknames for Ivan: | Edit
Van, Vanya, Ivanie, Vannie
- Meanings and history of the name Ivan: | Edit
Slavic name, derived from Ioannis, being the Greek transcription of the Jewish name Yochanan. Thus, Ivan is the Slavic version of the common European Christian names such as John in English, Johannes in German, Jean in French, Jonas in Lithuanian, etc.
Meaning in original Hebrew: God's grace.
Iván is a Spanish form of Ivan.
- Famous real-life people named Ivan: | Edit
Throughout history, numerous Bulgarian and Russian Tsars were named Ivan, including Ivan the Great and Ivan the Terrible.
Ivan Reitman, Slovakian-Canadian movie director.
Ivan Lendl, Czech tennis player
Ivan Boesky, American stock trader and key figure in the insider trading scandals of the 1980s.
- Ivan in song, story & screen: | Edit
Ivan is the Russian "Jack," occuring in many fairy tales.
Ivan Denisovich Shukhov, a fictional character of "One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich" a novel written by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn.
Ivan Ilych, the title character of Leo Tolstoy's novel, "The Death of Ivan Ilych."
Ivan Karamazov, character in Fyodor Dostoevsky's novel, "The Brothers Karamazov."
Ivan Stark, supervillain and antagonist of the "Captain Midnight" radio series
Global Popularity of the Name Ivan
- #3 in Russia (Moscow)
- #12 in Spain
- #132 in United States
- #224 in Canada (British Columbia)
- #235 in Norway
- #259 in Canada (Alberta)


text:
Wildfires are an increasing problem across eastern North Carolina as we move deeper into spring. Wildfires are most likely to develop during the early spring for several reasons. First, most of the grass and weeds are dry. These dead and dry weeds that remain from winter kill provide fuel to a spark of fire. Second, we get some of our strongest winds during the early spring. March is well known for strong and gusty winds and that may continue into April. Third, strong westerly winds will also lower the relative humidity to very low levels. We may see values less than 30% on some afternoons. Fourth, temperatures are getting warmer and adds to the drying of soils, especially if we go a week or so without significant rainfall. Speaking of rainfall, it does look like much of eastern North Carolina will see rain over the weekend. Maybe it will be enough to help with the fire situation.
Designed by Gray Digital Media


text:
T13-S2. Metal ore deposits in the EU – chances for the future
Torsten Graupner (_EMAIL_)
Frank Melcher (_EMAIL_)
Ulrich Schwarz-Schampera (_EMAIL_)
We invite everyone working in the fields of Mining and Economic Geology to present the latest scientific results on European ore districts in this session at the conference. The focus of the session is directed at both, new discoveries in European countries and historic mining districts revisited. The investigation of potentials of metals in primary deposits and mine residues, as well as the development of innovative concepts for exploration activities for mineral deposits, mining and ore processing are highly appreciated and welcome. Contributions may also cover all topics of research on formation conditions of metal ore deposits, and their spatial and temporal distribution.


text:
Help: Tag Implications
Suppose you tag a post with
miniskirt. Miniskirts are simply a type of skirt, so ideally, you would like people who search for
skirt to see your
miniskirt post. You could tag your post with both
miniskirt, but this starts to get tedious after awhile.
Tag implications can be used to describe is-a relationships. A miniskirt is a type of skirt. When a
miniskirt → skirt implication is created, then whenever someone tags a post with
miniskirt, Danbooru will also tag it with
skirt. The tag is normalized before it is saved to the database.
Tag implications have a predicate and a consequent. The predicate is what is matched against. In the previous example, it would be
miniskirt. The consequent is the tag that is added. In the example, it would be
You can have multiple implications for the same predicate. Danbooru will just add all the matching consequent tags. For example, if we created a
miniskirt → female_clothes implication, then anytime someone tagged a post with
miniskirt it would be expanded to
miniskirt skirt female_clothes.
Implications can also be chained together. Instead of
miniskirt → female_clothes we could create a
skirt → female_clothes implication. The end result would be the same.
This implication process occurs AFTER the alias process.
It's easy to go overboard with implications. It's important not to create implications for frivolous things; for example, we could theoretically implicate everything to an
object tag, but this is pointless and only adds bloat to the database. For cases where the predicate and the consequent are synonymous, aliases are a much better idea as they have lower overhead.
While you can suggest new implications, only an administrator can approve them.


Important information
Shared Expenses Calculator
Shared Expenses Calculator
 - App Store Info
Often we participate in events with other people, such as trips, parties etc. in which each participant pays various expenses, and finally we adjust the accounts to which all people pay the same amount of money. For example, suppose a trip with friends, one day a friend paid the meal, another friend paid the tickets to the museum, and so on. Or suppose a party with friends, someone has bought a drink, others have bought food, etc...
Shared Expenses Calculator is an application that lets you enter the expenses that each person have paid in an event, and at the end calculate how much money must pay or receive each person, for all people have paid the same amount of money.
- Works with the following currency symbols, $, €, £, ¥ or blank.
- The default currency for new events can be configured in the iPhone's general settings.
- Calculations can be sent by e-mail.
- Translated into Spanish, English, Italian and French.
What's New in Version 1.1
Bug solved: When blank currecy symbol was selected, "(blank)" text was shown instead of no currency symbol.


text:
Number of Girl Guides in 2012
Girls & Boys
Löfte Jag lovar att efter bästa förmåga följa scoutlagen.
Swedish Girl Scout Law
Girl Scout Law
- En scout visar vördnad för Gud och hans ord
- En scout är ärlig och pålitlig
- En scout är vänlig och hjälpsam
- En scout visar hänsyn och är en god kamrat
- En scout möter svårigheter med gott humör.
- En scout lär känna och vårdar naturen.
- En scout känner ansvar för sig själv och andra‡.
‡The word 'andra' (others) is a Swedish expression for society, and the clause as a whole means responsibility to the communities in which we live.
- A Scout seeks his/her faith and respects the faith of others
- A Scout is honest and reliable
- A Scout is friendly and helpful
- A Scout is considerate to others and trustworthy as a friend
- A Scout faces difficulties without complaining
- A Scout learns about nature and is concerned with its conservation.
- A Scout feels responsibility for herself and others.
Development of the Movement
The first groups of Guides were formed in Sweden as early as 1910, and by 1913 the foundations of Swedish Guiding had been laid.
On 1 January 2013, scouts in Sweden entered a new organisation. The new organisation is called The Guides and Scouts of Sweden and includes all 70 000 Scouts in Sweden.
Scouts in Sweden were previously organised in five different associations which then had an umbrella organisation called the Swedish Guide and Scout Council. The associations varied in size and were organised in different ways but all shared common ground in the Scout method and the values of Scouting. These associations
In the middle of the 1990s discussions started about jointly organising a national camp for all five Scout associations and in 2001 the first Swedish national jamboree was held on the fields of Rinkaby in the municipality of Kristianstad. On the same site were later held another two large camps, Jiingijamborii and the the World Scout Jamboree 2011. These camps were all important steps in welding together our movement, where the different associations met and united in the preparatory work.
In the years following the first joint camp, a common strategy for the future of Scouting in Sweden, a common programme, common training modules and a common Scout uniform were all worked out. Working towards the creation of one united organisation has been a natural step after this.
In November 2012 the first general meeting was held for the new organisation.
What was the difference?
- The organisation of the Swedish Guide and Scout Association was restructured and became the Guides and Scouts of Sweden.
- All Scout Groups were connected to the new united organisation. All members and Scout Groups now belong to the same organisation: the Guides and Scouts of Sweden.
- Other associations still exist and have signed agreements of cooperation with the Guides and Scouts of Sweden. These associations are :
- Svenska Scoutförbundet (SSF)
- SMU Scout (SMU-S)
- Kfuk Och Kfums Scoutförbund (KFUK-KFUM)
- Frälsningsarméns Scoutförbund (FA)
- Nykterhetsrörelsens Scoutförbund (NSF)
- Scout Groups received more influence in the organisation through direct representation at the general meeting of the Guides and Scout of Sweden.
- It became easier for more Scouts to participate in the democratic processes.
- More groups can run Scouting with a specific profile, for example: temperance Scouting. For all organisations that already exist and that want to start Scouting as a part of their activities, there is now a possibility to join as a co-operating organisation.


Cut (logic programming)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The cut, in Prolog, is a goal, written as !, which always succeeds, but cannot be backtracked past. It is best used to prevent unwanted backtracking, for example, to prevent extra solutions being found by Prolog and to avoid additional computations that are not desired or required in a program.
The cut should be used sparingly. There is a temptation to insert cuts experimentally into code that is not working correctly. If a test is unnecessary because a cut has guaranteed that it is true, it is good practice to say so in a comment at the appropriate place.
It is described by some as a controversial control facility [1] because it was added for efficiency reasons only and isn't a Horn clause.
Green cut[edit]
A use of a cut which only improves efficiency is referred to as a green cut. For example:
gamble(X) :- gotmoney(X),!.
gamble(X) :- gotcredit(X), \+ gotmoney(X).
This is called a green cut operator. The ! simply tells the interpreter to stop looking for alternatives. But you'll notice that if gotmoney(X) fails it will check the second rule. Checking for gotmoney(X) in the second rule seems useless since you already know that if Prolog is there then gotmoney(X) failed before, otherwise the second rule wouldn't be evaluated in the first place. However, by explicitly writing \+ gotmoney(X), you guarantee that the second rule will always work, even if the first one is removed by accident or changed.
 - make program more efficient.
 - do not change the output of the program.
Red cut[edit]
A cut that isn't a green cut is referred as a red cut, for example:
gamble(X) :- gotcredit(X).
You depend on the proper placement of the cut operator and the order of the rules to determine their logical meaning. If for any reason the first rule is removed (e.g. by a cut-and-paste accident), the second rule will be broken, i.e., it will not guarantee the rule \+ gotmoney(X).
 1. ^ Foundations of Logic Programming, Springer (1984).


The Chinstrap Colony of Sando Point, Antarctica
Category: Nature
Photo and caption by Bojil Vassilev
Penguins making the most of the scarce land and raising their chicks in a dense grid of nests. The distance between nests is strictly determined by the maximum distance an adult penguin can expel his poo. Chinstrap penguins are able to generate considerable pressure to propel their faeces away from their nest. Polar scientists Meyer-Rochow and Jozsef Gal calculate the pressure at around 10 kPa, well above that known for humans and permitting the 60 cm tall penguins to defecate as far as 40 cm away from their nest. The reason for this behavior remains unknown.
Location: Sando Point, Livingston Island, Antarctica
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More Nature Entries »
 1. Catch of the Day
 By Brenda Stevens
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 By Gian Luigi Fornari Lanzetti
 3. Green Rice Paddies of Ubud
 By Chris Fries


Keep Your Car Clean L 2
Why is it Important to Keep Your Car Clean?
While some car owners treat a visit to the car wash as a luxury spurge or entertainment for their kids, there are certain meaningful reasons to make a trip to the local ceramic coating a regular part of the car's maintenance schedule. A good number of people take pride in keeping their vehicles clean and well-maintained inside and out. However, other than the aesthetic appeal, a clean car is better equipped to weather the years. Rust, dirt and other road grime can have a huge effect on your car's value, integrity and to your health too. The following are some of the reasons why you would consider keeping your car clean:
1. Minimizing Damage to the Car
While the wheels and engine receive a reasonable amount of the preventative maintenance, the coatings and paint on the vehicle are very important barriers meant to prevent oxygen and moisture from rusting its frame. Exposure to such corrosive compounds as dust, road tar, bird droppings, insect splatter and regular run-off-the-mill dust can break this barrier, thereby posing a threat to the overall outlook of the car. Regular washing allows you to keep the surface clear while limiting the damage that could be caused by dirt.
2. Removing Road Salt
As corrosive as bugs and dirt can be, salt is even worse. Therefore, if you reside in areas whose climate has extremely cold winters and where salt is poured to melt the roadways, chances are your car will be covered in salt frequently. Just a few winters' worth of salt is enough to cause and accelerate rust all through the frame. Even car owners who take time to rinse their vehicles with heated garages are not exactly safe because the elevated temperature within the garage is enough to speed up the corrosive process. Additionally, much of the salt is usually deposited at the bottom of the car where rinsing is pretty much impossible. The only way you can sufficiently get rid of the salt from all the vehicle's surfaces is by taking it to a car wash that provides an undercarriage or underbody flush service.
3. Maintaining the Appearance of the Car
Scrubbing the dirt away and adding some shine to the tires can go a long way in ensuring that your car looks as good as new. This does not only make the owner feel better, it also means that in the long run, both the drivers and passengers will start to treat it better. Ultimately, this creates a positive loop whereby a nice car will look nice for much longer all thanks to a couple of quick car washes.
Car Vacuum 1
4. For Car and Driving Safety
Just a slight layer of dust can have a huge impact on visibility especially during conditions of light change. Anything that could prevent you as a driver from seeing out clearly through any window or mirror can affect not just your safety but that of the vehicle as well. A car wash is one of the safest, easiest and quickest ways you can keep the surfaces squeaky clean. Handwashing may seem like a perfectly good alternative to washing your car but only if the washer is aware of exactly what to do. Using the wrong soap can strip the clear coat, ruining the finish. Similarly, if you use the wrong sponge or brush, there are high chances of carving many little scratches into the paint for good. However, even with the right soap and brush, there are high chances of grinding dirt against the coat. On the other hand, a well-maintained auto car wash that uses specialty chemicals and soft cloths manufactured specifically for the purpose can save you time in terms of risk mistakes, buying supplies and doing the actual washing.
5. Improving Fuel Efficiency
A light buildup of dirt is capable of creating a drag and wasting fuel over time. According to studies and tests done on fuel efficiency, cars with a cleaner exterior and interior can improve fuel efficiency by up to 10%. While this may not seem as much to go by, it's definitely worth a try.
Closing Remarks
It has been proven that a clean environment can improve an average person's mood significantly. This applies to the interior and exterior of your car as well. Keeping it clutter-free and clean can help reduce road rage, anxiety and stress. If you value your safety and the integrity of your car, a regular clean up can be just the recipe for preventing any adverse effects. Vacuuming the interior every few months and washing the exterior once every month can prove effective in keeping your car spotlessly clean and yourself healthy and happy while driving it.
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