text:
If you have been charged with Grand Theft it is important that you understand the charges against you and what your legal rights are. Idaho's theft laws can be complex and severe. You should not try to take on the criminal justice system on your own.
What is Grand Theft?
In the State of Idaho (Idaho Code §18-2407 there are several ways someone you can be arrested and convicted for Grand Theft:
- Theft of property valued over $1000.
- The theft of a firearm.
- Theft by a public servant engaging in their duties.
- Theft of a public record.
- Theft of a check, money order, credit card, or bank card.
- Theft of property of any value through physical force.
- Theft of property of any value through extortion.
- Theft of livestock.
- A series of thefts that when added together exceed a value of $1000.
Consequences Of A Conviction For Grand Theft
All Grand Theft charges are felonies and can lead to severe penalties. Under Idaho Code §18-2408 Grand Theft is punishable by a fine of $5000 and up to 14 years in the state penitentiary. However, the negative effects of a conviction do not stop there, they can have serious short and long term consequences beyond those punishments ordered by the court, potentially affecting your employment, personal relationships, and reputation. A conviction can be particularly harmful in terms of gaining future employment, state licensing, and other benefits. The conviction will appear on any background checks and employers tend to pass on applicants with theft records, fearing them to be dishonest and having the potential to steal from their companies.
Grand Theft is considered a "crime of moral turpitude" and can prevent you from obtaining professional licenses and certifications. This may also prevent you from getting Federal Student Loans for education.
Grand Theft Of Livestock
This is a felony punishable by a fine of not less than one thousand dollars ($1,000) nor more than five thousand dollars ($5,000). The $1,000 minimum fine cannot be suspended or withheld. The person convicted of the offense may also be imprisoned in the state prison for not less than one (1) year nor more than fourteen (14) years. That means the person convicted will serve at least one year in prison, and possibly more. In addition, the court can assess civil damages, as provided in section 25-1910, Idaho Code.
Fight Your Grand Theft Case
Do not let a theft conviction follow you around for the rest of your life! Let me fight to keep you out of jail and keep a theft conviction off your record!
An experienced Idaho theft crimes attorney can fight the charge and keep it off your record. Every theft case is different and William Young scrutinizes the facts of every case to see if the prosecutor really has enough evidence to prove you guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. If not, we can challenge the evidence in court, get the case dropped, or win the case at trial.
Even if the evidence is overwhelming, we can fight to try and get the charge reduced or limit the punishment to community service and/or probation.
You Are Not Alone - I Will Fight By Your Side
Do not fight the system on your own, you have too much on the line! Protect your rights and your freedom! Call me today for a free consultation!


text:
Food Quality Assurance Managers will oversee the quality and safety of a company's food products to ensure they meet standards set by both their company and regulatory authorities. They may be involved in developing and improving new policies and making sure they are adhered to.
A degree or HND in food science, food/chemical engineering, biochemistry, nutrition, microbiology or chemistry will normally be required. Entry without a degree may be possible with relevant experience.
- Excellent problem solving skills
- Confidence in your own abilities
- Good organisation and planning skills
- Good IT skills
- Excellent communication skills
- Able to present your ideas to others effectively
£22,000 to £30,000

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
People who have not owned forestry or agricultural land can often find it hard to visualise what an acre looks like. This is an attempt to help you visualise how big an area one acre is.
An acre measures an area of land and is about 70 yards by 70 yards, which means about 4,900 square yards (or roughly 44,000 square feet).
A typical football pitch is about 110 yards by about 70 yards (the rules allow some flexibility in the size) so that a pitch covers about one and a half acres of field or, including the immediately surrounding land that goes with it, the football pitch takes up about 2 acres.
Another way to visualise one acre is as the area in which you could park about 150 cars. A typical supermarket, excluding the car park, covers about 0.6 of an acre (about 26,000 square feet).
A 9 acre woodland might be only equivalent to about 6 football pitches, but it will usually appear bigger than that for various reasons: you can't see across it and a wood will have bumps and dips and other features, but the main thing is that a forest is three-dimensional. The trees give the extra dimension which makes a woodland so much more interesting and so much richer in biodiversity, and make it seem much bigger.
The other measurement often used for surface area is the metric measure – hectares. A hectare is precisely 100 metres by 100 metres and is much larger than an acre. About 2.47 acres make up one hectare, so an acre is only about 40% of the size of a hectare. One reason that acres, rather than hectares, are used in the UK is that, being a smaller measure, you get more of them in a given piece of land and it is easier to remember a round number of acres than a hectare measurement with a decimal point. However, one advantage of using hectares is that more detailed maps use grid lines where the distance between the lines is equivalent to 100 metres. The result of this is that each square covers exactly one hectare or approximately two and a half acres.
If you are trying to measure in approximate terms an acre of woodland you can pace it out as about 80 paces by 80 paces, though in woodlands people often take shorter paces so 70 yards may take more like 90 paces.


text:
What is the origin of the gaucho in Argentina?
The word gaucho has its origin in the Quichua and Mapuche "huacho", which means orphan.
Its origin is the result of the mixture of two civilizations: the European and the natives of what is now Argentina. Possiby the first gauchos were people who breaked their strings with the past and went to the loneliness of the Great Pampa where there was water, grass and livestock. They developed an incredible ability to master the horse, as well as to use the "boleadoras" (three stones linked by a rope that, when thrown, become entangled in the legs of the cattle), the knife, the bow and the appropriate techniques for the salting, method destined to preserve food, of one of the best meats in the world.
On the 6th of December, the National Gaucho Day is celebrated because on that date, in 1872, it was published "El Gaucho Martín Fierro" for the first time. Jose Hernández, from the voice of Martín Fierro, showed the world what the life of the countryman was like, his love for freedom, for his land, his manhood and his courage. The gaucho was a person of great respect and who fulfilled his words, also known for his solidarity which is where the term "gauchada" comes from, which means favor in argentine slang. Today "the current gauchos" carry out activities in estancias, not only in the Pampa plain, but all over the country.


In what capacity have you known the applicant
Discussion in 'English Only' started by nasridine, Jan 29, 2008.
 1. nasridine Senior Member
 Chinese, China
 A friend of mine who was hunting a job asked me to be one of her references. So recently, I got this reference form from one of the companies she interviewed. There is this blank "In what capacity have you known the applicant" which I don't quite understand what to put in. Does it refer to "quality" and "personality" or what?
 2. cuchuflete
 cuchuflete Senior Member
 Maine, EEUU
 It is a common and somewhat ambiguous question. It usually means one or more of the following:
 1) What were the circumstances in which you have known the applicant?
 For example, did you know her from work, as a friend since childhood, or as a
 member of a choir or sports team?
 2) What was the applicant's function or employment during your acquaintance?
 For example, the applicant was one of your teachers at university, or was your piano student.
 3. nzfauna
 nzfauna Senior Member
 Wellington, New Zealand
 New Zealand, English
 "How do you know the applicant, and what is your current relationship".
 4. nasridine Senior Member
 Chinese, China
 I guess your first explanation makes more sense here, because the previous question happens to be "how long have you known this applicant".
 5. Harry Batt
 Harry Batt Senior Member
 USA English
 The hiring company will give more weight to a close relationship. Thus, if the friend is known in several capacities it would be worth while to cite all of them. Eg."I knew him during the four years we were in law school together. When I became a judge he appeared before me and we were active in the bar association together. I married him to his second wife when we were in the National Guard together."
Share This Page


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Just wondering why
def move
 world_switch(_USER_ += 1, _USER_ -= 1, _USER_ += 1, _USER_ -= 1)
 def world_switch(do_on_north, do_on_south, do_on_east, do_on_west)
 case _USER_ # => 'NORTH'
 when 'NORTH'
 puts do_on_north # => 1
 when 'SOUTH'
 when 'EAST'
 when 'WEST'
Calling world_switch:
robot = Robot.new(0, 0, 'NORTH')
puts robot.instance_variable_get("_USER_") #=> 0
results in changing nothing, I would like to increase or decrease instance variable _USER_ or _USER_
This is my initialize method
def initialize(pos_X, pos_Y, facing)
and that's how I create an instance of the class robot = Robot.new(0, 0, 'NORTH')
All help will be appreciated
share|improve this question
How do you call world_switch? The one above cannot run. And world_switch should not defined like that. Since it accepts only instance variables as parameters, we can omit them all. The self can provide access to them. – halfelf Sep 27 '12 at 9:31
1. It is better to use symbols rather than strings for switches. 2. You code will thrown an error because world_switch is called before it is defined. – sawa Sep 27 '12 at 9:34
updated a question, could you please review – Jackie Chan Sep 27 '12 at 9:39
ok, so what do you want to print? Now I get the output as 1 0, seems normal. – halfelf Sep 27 '12 at 9:45
add comment
3 Answers
up vote 2 down vote accepted
The explanation for the current behaviour is as Chowlett described, but did you intend for your _USER_ += 1, _USER_ -= 1 etc in move to be blocks of code and then for exactly one of these to be called from world_switch depending on which way the robot is facing?
If so, move needs to be declared like this
def move
and then in world_switch you can do something like
case _USER_ # => 'NORTH'
 when 'NORTH'
 when 'SOUTH'
share|improve this answer
That would indeed make the current code work. I'm not sure it's the best way of doing it, though; do you really need world_switch to be so general that you can pass in what "step NORTH" means? – Chowlett Sep 27 '12 at 10:27
_USER_ Agreed. It does seem overly complicated. Something along the lines of Matt's answer would be a nice, simple solution. It depends on whether the exercise is intended to be an example of a more general point, and also whether the OP is a bit unclear on at what point evaluation takes place when parameter passing. – mikej Sep 27 '12 at 10:45
Thanks Mikej, Procs... – Jackie Chan Sep 28 '12 at 0:17
add comment
It does nothing because of the way you call world_switch. Ruby will evaluate each of the expressions you're passing as parameters before the call.
So, you call move with (say), _USER_ and _USER_ both equal to 0. The Ruby does:
_USER_ += 1 # => _USER_ = 1; param 1 will be 1
_USER_ -= 1 # => _USER_ = 0; param 2 will be 0
_USER_ += 1 # => _USER_ = 1; param 3 will be 1
_USER_ -= 1 # => _USER_ = 0; param 4 will be 0
world_switch(1, 0, 1, 0)
Then world_switch switches based on _USER_, and simply returns the value of the appropriate parameter. It doesn't change the instance variables at all.
I'm not sure I explained that all that clearly. Let me know if you need clarification.
share|improve this answer
Explanation is good, thanks – Jackie Chan Sep 28 '12 at 0:13
add comment
Adding to Chowlett's and mikej's answers (which nicely explain why your code isn't working). You could try something like this:
class Player
 def initialize(position)
 _USER_ = position
 def move(direction)
 case direction
 when :north
 _USER_[:x] += 1
 when :south
 _USER_[:x] -= 1
 when :east
 _USER_[:y] -= 1
 when :west
 _USER_[:y] += 1
player = Player.new({:x => 0, :y => 0})
puts player.inspect
# => "#1, :y=>0}>"
share|improve this answer
add comment
Your Answer


text:
Evans, E. H. and Brown, R. G. and Wellburn, A. R. (1992) Chlorophyll fluorescence decay profiles of O3-exposed spruce needles as measured by time-correlated single photon counting. New Phytologist, 122 (3). pp. 501-506. ISSN 1469-8137Full text not available from this repository.
Chlorophyll fluorescence decay profiles have been measured in the wavelength range 680–720 nm for needles from Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst] trees which have been exposed to ozone. All profiles required three exponential components of lifetime 100–150 ps, 400–600 ps and 3.5–5.0 ns to fit the experimental data. Compared to control samples, the ozone-treated needles exhibited a greater amount of the longest-lived chlorophyll fluorescence and a redistribution in intensity for both the other components from 720 + to 690 nm. These observations are interpreted in terms of disruption of energy transfer and break-up of light-harvesting complexes on exposure to ozone. The potential for use of the technique in monitoring forest decline is discussed.
|Journal or Publication Title:||New Phytologist|
|Uncontrolled Keywords:||Picea abies (Norway spruce) • air pollution • forest decline • light-harvesting chlorophyll protein • reaction centres|
|Subjects:||G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences|
|Departments:||Faculty of Science and Technology > Lancaster Environment Centre|
|Deposited On:||13 Jan 2009 12:54|
|Last Modified:||26 Jul 2012 16:05|
Actions (login required)

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Belfast Telegraph
Thursday 25 December 2014
Source of infection that killed three babies 'unlikely to be identified'
The source of a deadly infection at a hospital that has claimed the lives of three babies is unlikely to be identified, an expert said today.
Although staff are trying to establish how the pseudomonas bacteria entered a neonatal room at the Royal Maternity Hospital in Belfast, this could take some time and it may be eradicated before the origin has been found, according to Stephan Heeb, a senior research fellow at the School of Molecular Medical Sciences.
"The normal way to do it is to take swabs of surfaces," he said. "If they find it's heavily colonised in one area, that would be the source of the infection.
"But that takes some days to do and sometimes it's not even worth trying to find it because the urgency is to end the problem, so in practice what is likely to happen is they will disinfect without actually identifying what the source is."
The hospital's hygiene policy would stipulate that everyone washes their hands and equipment is kept clean, he said.
But it would only take one person failing to follow this to cause the kind of outbreak that has proved fatal on the Belfast hospital's ward, he added.
"The hygiene practice is very difficult to maintain and you just need one person not following that," he said. "It can be someone bringing something in on their shoes.
"What can be done is to try and improve the hygiene conditions but these things will always happen and sooner or later a bacterium slips in so it's a bit difficult.
"It's very hard to have zero risk so these things will happen occasionally. It's important it doesn't happen frequently."
The bacteria needs water to survive and proliferate so its source is likely to be an area where fluids are present, he explained.
Pseudomonas is common, he said, and the biggest cause of death among cystic fibrosis patients.
Burns victims and Aids sufferers are also susceptible to it, and babies at at risk because of their underdeveloped immune systems.
Babies in a neonatal unit who were not being breast-fed would not be receiving antibodies from their mother's milk and so would be even more susceptible, Mr Heeb added.
And he warned that while cleaning the affected room was an "excellent first measure", it was important that any equipment brought from one room to another was sterile and anyone handling suspect equipment washed their hands before entering another room.
Nightlife Galleries
Latest News
Latest Sport
Latest Showbiz


text:
What is Methyl Acetate?
Methyl acetate has a mild odor and is a fast-evaporating solvent that can be used in a wide variety of items. This ingredient is useful as a fast-evaporating component in solvent systems and many other applications when fast solvent release and quick drying to the touch are required. You'll often find methyl acetate in acrylics, epoxies, polyamides, and polyesters. It has a mild odor and dries quickly, which makes it a broadly preferred choice for coatings and ink products. The ingredient is VOC (volatile organic compound) exempt and is readily biodegradable.
There are many uses for methyl acetate including fabric care products, furniture manufacturing, and as an aerosol and architectural coating. This unique ingredient is also found in paints and other mediums for graphic arts, printing inks, and as a general industrial coating. It may also be found in industrial cleaners, marine cleaners, and hard surface care products for things like countertops and flooring. It's commonly used in roofing materials, upholstery, furniture, and as a wood coating, too. You may also notice methyl acetate as an ingredient in certain perfumes or products that contain fragrance.
Here are some of the most common uses for methyl acetate:
- As an ingredient in paint and coating adhesives and lubricants
- As a processing aid and solvent in paint, glue, nail polish, and other paint removing products
- In cleaning products, personal care, and cosmetic products
- In motor vehicle and furniture coatings
- As an oil for artificial leather


Students at Bundang Preschool Academy in South Korea
These two schools are our piloting penpals with the International Plastic Quilt Project this fall! The first letter from South Korea to Portland, Oregon:
Bundang Preschool Academy (PSA) in South Korea and Woodlawn Elementary SUN School in Portland, Oregon are excited to announce their participation in Create Plenty's Plastic Quilt Project. We have partnered together to create an art and information exchange.
Over the next few months we will share our student's ideas about trash, recycling and creating art with single-use plastic.
As an introduction to the Plastic Quilt Project and plastic pollution the 7 year-old students at
PSA were asked 4 questions about trash to compare with answers given in the United States:
1. What do you think happens to trash?
"It will stay there." –Gian
"It gets cut into little pieces." –Leah
The most popular answer was "It gets recycled".
2. Where does trash go after you throw it away?
"It will go in the ground and make the Earth dirty." –Kevin
"In the machine from Toy Story 3." –YeEun
The most popular answers were "trashcan" and "recycle or trash center".
3. Where does trash come from?
"It comes from Everyone!" –Erin
"It can come from foods, papers, boxes, things, and cans." –Ben
The most popular answer was "me".
4. How are animals affected by trash?
"Animals in water like dolphin think it is fish and eat it and die." –Thomas
"They are unhappy." –Zoe
The most popular answers were "they will get sick" and "they die".
Plastic wrappers found in South Korea
We will continue our work by talking about our ecological footprint and recycling and students will start to save their single-use plastics. Then we will start discussing plastic art and creating our plastic quilt squares.
Leave a Reply


text:
New Year's Eve is a time to think about our future and take action against climate change. In 2008, the City of Sydney became Australia's first carbon-neutral council and continues to plan Sydney New Year's Eve as part of our commitment to creating a more sustainable Sydney.
A carbon-neutral Sydney New Year's Eve is achieved by:
- Buying carbon credits to offset emissions from the event;
- Recycling approximately 80 per cent of all rubbish collected (about 20 per cent is non-recyclable waste);
- Using recycled water to clean the streets;
- Re-using props and scenic elements;
- Encouraging everyone to take public transport or walk to events and leave the car at home; and
- Measuring the impact of Sydney New Year's Eve.
The City of Sydney will again be conducting an assessment to calculate and offset the greenhouse gas emissions generated by Sydney New Year's Eve, to ensure the event is carbon neutral. The greenhouse gas assessment will measure all emission sources the City of Sydney can control for the event through policy, technology choice or direct authority.
Watch how the City's Zero Waste team maintain our beautiful city on one of the biggest nights of the year!
It is not by chance that Sydney is one of the world's most beautiful cities. The City of Sydney employs around 250 staff in its Cleansing and Waste team, all of whom are dedicated to the continuous task of keeping our city looking its sparkling best. Watch the night unfold in this unique timelapse film where a sea of rubbish is swept away, and spare a thought for the unsung heroes of our annual party.


text:
2019 13th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)
Publish Year: 2018
Abstract: This paper presents the frequency dependence of the path loss in urban macro-cellular (UMa) scenario under the non-line-of-sight (NLOS) case. The mobility measurements in two different cities are conducted to obtain the path loss at 2.54, 3.5, 4.9, and 5.4 GHz. Some special UMa environments are illustrated. Furthermore, their path loss characteristics and the reason for causing this phenomenon are analyzed. Comparison of the frequency dependence coefficient (FDC) in different environments are performed. The results show the values of FDC remain stable in different UMa environments under the NLOS case while other parameters of fitting results variant. Additionally, this paper investigates the FDC in different distances. It can be found that the FDC shows little dependence on the distance at low frequencies, and the FDC in different distances shows a normal distribution. The results indicate that the FDC is not influenced by environments and distances in the UMa scenario under the NLOS case.


text:
The HMS Intrepid was a cruiser tasked with the exploration of the Hydra sector. When it exited drivespace in an unexplored system, It encountered a hostile fleet consisting of at least one cruiser, two frigates and unknown number of smaller craft. In the battle that followed, the Intrepid managed to severely damage one of the frigates and destroy several of the smaller craft, but suffered a large amount of damage itself. Enemy fire had disabled the ship's spike drive, and had caused hull breaches across the ship. One such hull breach occurred on the bridge, causing several members of the crew, including the Intrepid's commanding officer Captain Black, to be ejected into space.
Realizing the Intrepid wasn't going to survive, acting commander Monroe, in a last act of defiance, rerouted all available power to the engines. The resulting burst of speed allowed the Intrepid to ram the enemy cruiser, destroying them both.
The only known survivor from this ship is Cooper, a consultant hired to assist with the ship's navigation.
Main crew Edit
Commanding officer: Captain Black
Comms officer: Lieutenant Rolf Taggart
Gunnery officer: Lieutenant Benjamin Monroe
Medical officer: Doctor Garrack
Chief Engineer: Bill
Additional crew Edit
Cooper - consultant.
- Spike Drive - Rating 6
- Docking facilities at least the following ships:
- DSRV-1 - A frigate
- DSRV-2 - A frigate
Weapons systems Edit
- MAS Cannon - Spinal mounted railgun. Fires Iron/Tungsten projectiles.
- Mag Spike Array - Primarily an anti-fighter weapon.


AddThis Social Bookmark Button
Futhark Runes - Interpretation & Meaning: Uruz
Futhark Rune - Uruz
Uruz: Aurochs (wild oxen)
Keywords: Energy, vitality, instinct, wildness, sexuality, fertility, rite of passage, irrationality, shamanism.
Meanings: Following the mundane, day to day survival represented by fehu, it is the first recognition by mankind of the divine in nature. Uruz is the rune of the God of the sacred hunt and his shaman. The energy of this rune is raw and powerful and is pure, elemental fire. This is a rune of passage, from boyhood to manhood through being given a glimpse of the mysteries of nature.
Buy Handcrafted Futhark Runes


text:
Everyone wants to have a full bank account — including bank accounts that hold seeds.
The U.S. Forest Service recently held a workshop with the Dominican Republic Ministry of Environmental and Natural Resources in Dry Branch, Ga., focusing on ways to increase the capacity to develop and maintain a seed bank for reforestation in the Dominican Republic.
The workshop discussed methods and approaches to compiling the seeds and best practices for preservation. The workshop included seed biology and procedures that contribute towards the success of the bank. Dry Branch is the home of the USFS National Seed Laboratory. Participants of the workshop will manage the Nigua Seed Bank in the Dominican Republic. Official protocols for seed purity throughout the Dominican Republic were drafted for the new seed bank based on workshop outcomes.
Technical expertise was provided by the Forest Service with the help of an agreement with the US Agency for International Development. Through the agreement, the Forest Service aids in equipment administration as well as the training of staff and facility management.
According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, the Dominican Republic enacted the Forestry Action Plan in 1991 that established the goal of becoming a self-sufficient timber and fuelwood producer by 2016. The seed laboratory work will contribute to the achievement of this goal and the forestry improvements that the nation plans to make towards reforestation.
In November, an unprecedented Presidential Decree was passed to solidify the Government's commitment to biological diversity and protected area habitat conservation. The seed bank workshop contributed to these goals.
For more information on these and other projects, take a look at the U.S. Forest Service International Programs website.


text:
A Walker's journey
You can follow William Walker's journey at _URL_.
It just makes sense; Carpenters build, Painters paint, Millers mill, a Carver carves, and, a Walker walks. Eventually, we all learn the meaning of our last name. It is guarded, handed down, revered, respected, and for some it bears witness for a pilgrim to embark on a pilgrimage.
Such is the case for 33-year-old William Timothy Walker of Canada. Actually, William wasn't always called William; he went by his middle name, Timothy, until the fall of this year when he had a powerful dream and he interpreted that he must not only use his first name, but also honor his name, William Walker, by doing as his forefather from Orange County did, and walk.
It was 219 years ago, in 1793, that William Walker walked from Orange County to Lincoln County, Ontario, a distance of more than 1,000 miles.
Walker researched and found that his forefather actually walked the journey three times: the first to settle land, the second back to Orange County, and the third to lead his family of nine children, wife, and cattle to land granted by the Royal Government.
According to Walker, his forefather served under Lord Cornwallis and pledged his allegiance when in Canada and was granted 1,200 acres of land on Lake Ontario.
"I'm the ninth William Walker in a long line of Walkers and I feel it is my rite of passage," Walker said the evening before his journey. Walker and his father, William Wilfred Walker, began exploring Orange County to retrace the lineage of their families. They began at the tourist bureau for Orange County, were directed to the farmers' market where they met a Walker who turned out not to be of their family, but this Walker directed these Walkers to Norman and John Thomas Walker of Caldwell.
It was here that the Walkers of Canada united with the Walkers of Caldwell and they began to explore the roots of a very old family tree. According to the Walker family, the earliest Walkers were from Ireland and settled this area in the early 1700s.
Near the intersection of Kiger Road and Norman's Road in Caldwell, the Walker family cemetery sits, along with one of the original homes that was built on this land. It was here on Monday that William Timothy Walker stood by the tombstones of his descendants and he inhaled the first breaths of what he calls a pilgrimage.
The setting is something of history. It is foggy, damp and it is mild for December. There are horses in the pasture and it is quiet and William Thomas is standing somewhere near where a forefather stood, upon deciding to walk to Canada.
On this hallowed ground for Walkers, history and rite of passage and a quest to know the path in life and the purpose of life, was about to begin, through the determination, will, and legs of a 33-year-old from Canada.
"My pack will weigh about 40 pounds and all that I will need is contained in this pack," said William.
From Caldwell, William would journey to Highway 86 North and then to Danville, Va., to Roanoke, Va., and eventually to the Appalachian Trail, where he would course to the north, through Pennsylvania and to Buffalo, N.Y., and ending his journey at Walker Hall, the homestead his forefather built in Canada.
"I have two changes of clothes and will eat high energy meals, mostly made from powders and such. I have two propane tanks to power my stove and for the most part I will camp and stay on the trail," William said. According to his father, William is an experienced camper. "He camped in Cambodia and has traveled the world. Though I am concerned as a parent, I trust he will be all right and I trust his ability to do this," Walker said.
The day before William left for Canada, he attended services at Little River Presbyterian Church, where he stood in the shadows of other tombstones. There are Walkers buried here and descendants and young William Walker is surrounded by cousins, of various ranks, and all are inquisitive about why a man would want to walk from here to there.
"We think they left in early spring and arrived the summer. Along the way cattle died, but he and his family arrived to a new beginning and established home and a life in Canada. Of being a Walker, I think it is about finding your way. It is about trusting and knowing what to do that is right and to connect in that in a visceral sense is really amazing," Walker says.
According to Walker, he hopes to average about 40 miles per day and he planned for the trip to take about one month. Time will tell if Walker accomplishes his pace and how much of a factor the weather will play as he journeys from the mild South to the harshness of winter's North. He will be alone. He will be cold. He will be hungry. He will go days without another human to hear his words or to look upon his face. He will struggle. He will encounter challenges and eventually, the propane that fuels his stove will run low and he will have to enter a town to gather provisions.
Two hundred years ago, his forefather set forth on a similar journey and he did so for reasons that are personal and he did so because of the man he was. He was also a Walker. And, for William Timothy Walker and all of the Walkers in his family and the Walkers that will follow and the Walkers that are yet to be known or born, this William Walker will walk this pilgrimage because of his name. Somewhere between here and Canada, a man is walking because he is a Walker. It is, as it has been since the 1700s, a Walker's journey.
Do you have a feature story idea? Contact Jason Hawkins at _EMAIL_.


Returns the minimum value of mbrName across XrangeList, with options to skip missing or zero
Parameter Description
SKIPNONE Includes in the operation all specified cells regardless of their content
SKIPMISSING Ignores all _TAG_ values
SKIPZERO Ignores all 0 values
SKIPBOTH Ignores all 0 and _TAG_ values
returns a single member or member combination
XrangeList Optional. A valid member name, a comma-delimited list of member names,
cross dimension members, or a member set function or range function (including
_USER_) that returns a list of members from the same dimension. If XrangeList is not specified, Essbase uses
the level 0 members from the dimension tagged as time.
 - _USER_ enables skipping of _TAG_ and 0
 values, in contrast with the _USER_ function,
 which always includes these values in the calculation.
 - _USER_ (SKIPNONE, mbrName, rangeList)
 is equivalent to _USER_ (mbrName, rangeList).
 - _TAG_ values are considered to be less than
 positive data values and more than negative data values. If the data being
 calculated includes only positive and _TAG_ values, _USER_
 returns _TAG_.
 - For all members, _USER_ returns the value calculated for
 the specified member and range list.
For both examples, assume a database similar to Sample Basic. The Measures
dimension includes two members: COGS (cost of goods sold) and OtherInc_Exp
(miscellaneous income and expenses). The data can include 0 and _TAG_ values.
For both members of the Measures dimension, the result is the same–the minimum
value for the OtherInc_Exp member across the specified range.
Example 1
Qtr1_Min = _USER_(SKIPBOTH, OtherInc_Exp, Jan:Mar);
This example ignores the 0 value for Mar and produces the following
 Jan Feb Mar Qtr1_Min
COGS _TAG_ _PHONE_ 350
OtherInc_Exp 500 350 0 350
Example 2
Qtr1_Min = _USER_(SKIPNONE, OtherInc_Exp, Jan:Mar);
This example does not ignore the 0 value in the calculation. This example
produces the following results:
 Jan Feb Mar Qtr1_Min
COGS _TAG_ _PHONE_ 0
OtherInc_Exp 500 350 0 0
See Also
 - _USER_


What is french food
What are traditional French foods?
Gruyère Cheese Gougères. Bœuf bourguignon (beef stewed in red wine) Coq au vin (chicken braised in red wine, lardons and mushrooms) Escargots de Bourgogne (snails baked in their shells with parsley butter) Gougère (cheese in choux pastry) Jambon persillé (also known as Jambon de Pâques, a marbled ham with parsley)
What is French food known for?
What are the 10 most common foods consumed in France?
Top 10 of Commonly Consumed Food Bread. When you imagine French food, the many different types of bread may come to mind. Pastries. Pastries are a common thing to snack on here. Cheese. This is a product created religiously. Soup and Potage. Magret de Canard. Desserts. Salads. Seafood.
What is a traditional French dinner?
French dinner courses can include: an apéritif (which is an alcoholic drink before the meal ), hors d'oeuvres (which is typically soup, vegetables, or eggs), the principal plate (a meat, pasta, or crêpe), a salad (which is typically served separately from the principal plate), cheese (which is also served separately),
What drink is France famous for?
What is the Favourite food in France?
boeuf bourguignon
You might be interested: Readers ask: How Long Does It Take To Bake Chicken Breast At 400?
Is French food healthy?
They generally eat healthy food. A healthy diet in France means one filled with multigrain bread, soups, fruit, tea, lower-fat foods and—most surprisingly of all—cakes and pastries.
Why is French food so good?
Is French food spicy?
French cooking, of course, does use spices and herbs but the tendency is to be a bit sparing with spice. There are stunningly good spice shops in Paris and we will mention two exemplary choices shortly. Moroccan cuisine in Paris is savory.
What is France famous for?
Why do the French eat so late?
French people eat dinner quite late. Most French people eat dinner at 8 pm or later. " French people eat late because most standard job hours are 9 or 10 to 6, instead of 9 to 5 like in the States," Alysa explains. " So, by the time everyone gets home, gets settled, and a meal is prepared, it's about 8 pm."
Do French people eat snails?
Escargots, IPA: [ɛs. kaʁ. ɡo], ( French for snails ) is a dish consisting of cooked edible land snails. They are often served as an hors d'oeuvre and consumed by the French people, as well as people in Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Portugal, Sardinia, and Spain.
You might be interested: Question: How Long Does It Take To Bake Chicken Wings?
What is the most popular French meal?
Top 10 French foods – with recipes Soupe à l'oignon. This is a traditional French soup made of onions and beef stock, usually served with croutons and melted cheese on top. Coq au vin. Cassoulet. Boeuf bourguignon. Chocolate soufflé Flamiche. Confit de canard. Salade Niçoise.
What time do the French eat dinner?
The French typically eat dinner between 7 p.m. and 9 p.m., but later evening meals aren't uncommon in major metropolitan areas like Paris. Thanks to its vibrant cafe culture, long lunch breaks are a popular concept in France, and the French tend to enjoy a substantial meal in the middle of the day.
Are french fries from France?
Leave a Reply
How To Cook Kidney Beans On The Stove?
How To Cook Tofu Shirataki Noodles?


Breaking news
Read our blog to learn why privacy matters. And don't forget to get an encrypted mailbox yourself!
Who is being monitored?
Politicians regularly claim that they need to ban encryption to protect the children. But who is actually being monitored?
To protect the children! This is what politicians often state as the main argument when they push for weakening or banning encryption. So let's find out what current surveillance methods, namely the monitoring of telecommunications, is being used for in Germany.
Who is being monitored?
In the major mass media in Germany massive propaganda is being made for tightening the surveillance of telecommunications because of the allegedly widespread child pornography. It increasingly looks like politicians are framing the need to ban encryption to protect our children from sexual abuse. The unnamed aim: To heighten the acceptance for more surveillance among the population.
However, when looking at the actual monitoring orders issued by German courts, the numbers speak a very different language.
The surprising result: In Germany, more than 47.3 per cent of the measures for the surveillance of telecommunications according to § 100a StPO where ordered to find suspects of drug related offenses in 2019. Only 0.1 per cent of the orders where issued in relation to child pornography.
Nevertheless, the main reason for the targeted measures - investigations into drug related offenses - is rarely if ever mentioned when calling for more surveillance options for law enforcement agencies.
Comparison of the percentage of monitoring orders for child pornography and drug offenses in Germany, 2009-2019.
In most cases the surveillance of telecommunications was ordered for drug-related crimes. No other area had so many surveillance measures ordered.
In Germany, just under half of all telecommunication surveillance measures were carried out for drug offences in recent years. This is shown in the annual statistics of the Federal Office of Justice (BfJ).
The annual overviews of the Federal Ministry of Justice show on the basis of which individual catalogue offence of § 100a of the Code of Criminal Procedure (StPO) the interceptions were ordered. Most of the interceptions were ordered for violations of the Narcotics Act on the basis of Section 100a (2) no. 7a and no. 7b of the Code of Criminal Procedure. In 2010, 6,880 cases were registered in this regard (33.7% of all cases). About ten years later, in 2019, there were 8.624 cases (47.3% of all cases). In connection with the distribution, acquisition and possession of child pornography, only 19 cases were registered in 2010 (0.1% of all cases). In 2019, there were 21 cases (0.1% of all cases) registered.
In recent years, child pornography has played only a marginal role in telecommunications surveillance in practice, quite in contrast to the media coverage regarding this complex of topics.
Call for banning encryption
Even though the numbers speak a very clear language, politicians and media continue to fuel the myth that we need to ban encryption to protect the children. This is very dangerous. With framing the debate in such a way that banning encryption would be needed to protect the children, politicians try to swing the public opinion in their direction.
However, banning encryption is impossible: It is impossible to enforce a human law aiming at banning the laws of mathematics. Because mathematics says that you can have good encryption, it can simply be programmed with code that fits on one sheet of paper.
Only outlaws would have encryption
As a result, only people who are ready to break the law will have encryption. The general public will not.
Or as Phil Zimmermann put it: "If privacy is outlawed, only outlaws will have privacy."
What the politicians are asking for, is, consequently, wishful thinking. The Register has made a pointy prayer out of it that all politicians asking for a ban on encryption should learn by heart:
"Oh Lord, grant us this day all the data, but keep it from the sight of the evil-doers. And if that's not possible, because it isn't, even for thou, oh Lord, force industry to give it to us by framing them as complicit in child sex abuse. Amen."
The truth is: If an encrypted service contains a backdoor "for the good guys only", it contains a backdoor. It's impossible to make an encrypted system insecure without making it insecure.
Recent successes in criminal investigation, such as the breaking of Encrochat, an encrypted chat app widely used by criminals as well as the AN0M crackdown where hundreds of criminals were arrested after having used an encrypted messaging app secretly run by the FBI, show that it is also not necessary to outlaw encryption for all citizens in order to prosecute criminals.
Lives depend on encryption
Politicians will continue to call for a ban on encryption to "protect the children." But make no mistake here: Free and democratic societies depend on encryption as much as they depend on free speech and the right to privacy.
Whenever you use encryption, you are protecting someone who needs it to stay alice. - Bruce Schneier
Encryption is essential to protect activists, lawyers, human rights defenders, journalists, and many more.
That's why demanding a ban on encryption must stop.
Stop the crypto wars now!


Let Dedicated Experts Handle Your Physician Credentialing
Improve Efficiency at Every Stage
Faster End to End Provider Verification
Higher Negotiated Contract Rates
Get Providers Seeing Patients Faster
Ensure In-Network Reimbursement
Ensure Seamless Re-Credentialing
Drive ROI with Fast Focused Services
How It Works
What Is Medical Provider Credentialing for Healthcare Compliance?
Medical provider credentialing in healthcare, also commonly referred to as physician or doctor credentialing, or even more generally as medical credentialing, is the process by which medical practices and healthcare organizations verify the professional and medical credentials of healthcare providers to check the validity and accuracy of licenses and professional certifications.
Typically, the process is most known for credentialing physicians, but similar processes are used to verify nurses and other healthcare providers as well.
Who Requires Provider Credentialing?
Healthcare provider credentialing is a complex and critical part of medical practice operations. Many companies offer contracting and credentialing services but fall short of award-winning results. The simple fact is that physicians and other healthcare providers need proper credentialing through a proven process that verifies education, training, background, skills, and other key qualifications required to properly care for patients and perform encounters. Their livelihood and the viability of the medical practice that employs them depends on these background administrative services to come through in a timely, affordable, and accurate manner.
In addition to needing these services for the medical practice employing them, physicians have to have their credentials and services monitored and evaluated over time by independent third-party organizations to ensure that they are not providing improper care.
Both the healthcare organizations that employ the providers and those that provide the oversight necessary for healthcare insurance companies to provide approved provider lists for insurance companies require a level of high-grade monitoring, reporting, and information checking that makes up the bulk of the provider credentialing and contracting services provides by the Claimocity team.
What is the Credentialing Workload?
The workload that goes into proper provider credentialing is not only bureaucratically complicated and often lengthy, but requires a level of nuanced experience and expertise that can have financial, legal, and operational impacts as any hiccups or issues in the process can cause problematic delays in a providers ability to provide healthcare to patients not to mention generate significant additional costs and legal ramifications for both the provider and medical practice employing the provider.
Healthcare provider credentialing involves many parties and moving parts. Doctors and other healthcare providers — all need to prove they have the education, training, and skills required to properly care for patients. At the same time, healthcare oversight organizations monitor the work of medical providers to evaluate, among other matters, reports of improper care. All of this reporting and monitoring must be continually checked, both by healthcare facilities that employ providers and by health insurance companies that issue approved provider lists.
Certainly, the healthcare provider credentialing process requires significant work. To help clear the confusion, this article details the basics of provider credentialing and offers recommendations on fulfilling the responsibilities as efficiently and effectively as possible.
What is Insurance Credentialing?
Insurance credentialing is the process of verifying a physician's credentials and professional skills for a health insurance company, commonly referred to as getting on the insurance panels. In order to include a new physician on an in-network provider list, the insurance company has to perform what amounts to a professional background check to ensure that the doctor is qualified and does not have any issues that would preclude them from participating in the payer reimbursement system as an in-network provider.
Other types of relevant credentialing to note are paperless credentialing, which simply refers to the use of electronic or digital software as a replacement for paper forms in order to streamline and expedite the process, and nearly all credentialing and contracting services should be paperless at this point.
Why Bother with Provider Credentials?
Other than wanting to get paid by insurance companies, there is a definite industry need to have some means of oversight on physicians joining organizations and practices to ensure that they are competent and qualified to perform complex and often life changing medical work on patients.
To ensure that there is some systematic level of accountability and compliance to standards, the CMS, which stands for the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, and Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations both have strict guidelines for the process and require providers to be credentialed and follow their regulations in order for the organization they are affiliated with to be eligible for Medicare or Medicaid reimbursements.
Beyond the CMS and Joint Commission accreditation, there are additional standards that can be applicable and followed to increase the level of compliance including those by the NCQA, AAAHC, and URAC to name a few.
How Does Provider Credentialing Work?
The actual process is very thorough and administratively driven, with thorough follow through and contact with various schools, boards, organizations, and relevant companies and entities to ensure the validity and accuracy of all the provider's relevant qualifications. There is also a component of a more broad-spectrum analysis of background and issue checks to ensure that there are no red flags that need to be resolved or would indicate issues with competently representing the healthcare organization and treating patients.
The first step is gathering all the relevant information from the provider. When a third party is hired to gather and verify the information, they are often referred to as a CVO or credentials verification organization, and they work with the provider to provide timely and accurate results for the healthcare organization.
The second step is checking everything provided through direct correspondences, software and database searches, verification checks, and other means of acquiring the information necessary to make a thorough decision including finding and ruling in or out any information that could raise questions about whether to credential or reissue credentials for a provider.
The third step is the completion of the process and involves both the healthcare organization employing the provider and the insurance companies listing the provider in their network then awarding the provider with the necessary credentials to see patients, perform their professional duties, and submit for reimbursement at contracted rates within the network.
How Long Does the Credentialing Process Take?
The financial, medical, and legal implications combined with the thoroughness of the process and partial dependence upon slow insurance bureaucracies and relevant entity response times means that the credentialing process can take a long time to complete, commonly ranging from 30-90 days.
Common bottlenecks that can lengthen the process include specific state regulations, graduation confirmation for recent graduates, malpractice suits, red flag issues, and information availability limitations.
The downside of a lengthy provider credentialing process is the significant financial impact that comes from the inability to see patients while waiting for approval. The faster and more efficiently an organization or CVO can generate provider credentialing the better for both the provider and the medical practice hiring him or her.
Not only does the provider lose critical revenue opportunities the longer the process takes but the average loss for a hospital or medical practice is 7k for every day a physician isn't working. The difference between a 30-day process and a credentialing process that drags out for 3 or 6 months equates to hundreds of thousands of dollars in lost potential.
Software that Makes a Measurable Difference
Start Saving Time
What About Contracting?
What is Insurance Contracting?
Once the credentialing is complete and the insurance company awards the verification, the insurance company will then extend a contract to the provider for reimbursement participation. Contracting is the process of negotiating and eventually agreeing on the approved rate offered by the insurance to be in network, making a provider an approved participant.
How Does Contracting Work?
Once the payer provides a contract to the provider, either the provider, the healthcare organization, or the CVO has to carefully review the details of the offered contract to evaluate the legal language, rates, details, and obligations.
If the offered reimbursement rates are less than expected or desired, then the negotiation process begins.
CVOs have a distinct advantage in these negotiations as they have greater bargaining authority, the ability to evaluate a contracted rate, and the experienced legal team specialized in negotiating the highest contracted rates in the quickest amount of time.
Once the contract is accepted by both parties it is signed and the provider will receive an effective date and provider number, enabling the doctor to begin billing the plan and receiving in-network reimbursements.
How Long Does Contracting Take?
Though contracting can be as unpredictable as credentialing, it is often less complex and not as time consuming. Plus, until the contracting is signed, a provider can still bill out of network.
Save time and money with credentialing experts who have decades of successful experience. The provider enrollment and insurance contracting process can be daunting and frustrating for offices and facilities to complete in a timely and efficient manner in dynamically changing legal environments where even small mistakes can create financial and legal repercussions that cost thousands and generate weeks of delays.
What About Re-Credentialing and Other Key Questions
What Advantages Does a CVO Have?
Companies that provide professional credentialing services have several distinct advantages that comes from experience and a nuanced understanding of the back end of the process.
They know how to gather all the key information up front, including asking the right secondary and follow up questions based on the initial foundational responses.
CVOs know the specific requirements by state and insurance company and have the resources to gather entity and automated responses at a significantly higher speed.
They also have the established relationships with insurance representatives, licensing agents, and relevant organizational contacts, as well as the knowledgeable persistence to move the process along more efficiently by proactively identifying gaps and bottlenecks as they arise then making the changes necessary to resolve them before they create significant delays.
Unless a healthcare organization has an experienced credentialing staff in house, the ROI of using a CVO is relatively large, and the better the credentialing service they use in terms of speed, accuracy, and efficiency, the higher the return.
Provider Re-Credentialing
Provider credentialing also includes the reissuing of credentials for a provider.
This a key service for many organizations. If a provider


develops structure that is not directly available from either input--it is not "copied from the inputs" ("Conceptual Integration Networks" 144). The square in the blended space represents this emerging structure that is composed and completed in the conceptual blend, and which can even be elaborated further if the mind traces out the new logic and principles made possible in the blend. One clear advantage of the blending model over conceptual metaphor theory is that it challenges the idea that only one source domain will provide all of the key structure in a rhetorical figure. In so-called "primary" metaphors such as KNOWING IS SEEING and the TI1VE IS SPATIAL, MOTION, the source alone does appear to provide all of the key structure to the resultant blended space (Lakoff and Johnson Philosophy in the Flesh 49- 54). In many cases, however, a figure that we might call metaphorical actually receives crucial structure from more than just one input space. Such a blend may even have more than two input spaces (Figure 1-2 is only a minimal network), and a blend will often develop new structure of its own, recruiting new elements not available from the inputs. Another advantage of blending theory is that the two circles correlating to source and target domains are here called "input spaces" (or "input mental spaces") rather than "domains." The concept of the input mental space is potentially more open-ended than the concept of the domain, which may imply a completed or bounded set of knowledge. Indeed, whereas conceptual metaphor theory emphasizes the stable and enduring set of conceptual metaphors in the cognitive unconscious, blending theory is more apt to stress the "partial and temporary" nature of the "mental space," defined as a partial and temporary representational structure which speakers construct when thinking or talking about a perceived, imagined, past, present, or future situation. Mental spaces (or,'spaces', for short) are not equivalent to domains, but, rather,


text:
Fla. Museum hosts "Butterflies and Moths in Contemporary Zuni Art " exhibit
GAINESVILLE, Fla. — Visitors to the Florida Museum of Natural History can discover how butterflies have influenced Zuni Indian art in a new exhibit,"Butterflies and Moths in Contemporary Zuni Art." The exhibit is on display through 2008.
This temporary exhibit highlights the role of butterflies in the belief system and art of contemporary Zuni people, Native Americans who live in the high desert of the American Southwest. Many Zuni traditional arts feature butterflies and moths, and this tradition continues today in their fine arts, crafts and tourist art forms.
"From T-shirts to jewelry, butterflies have found their way into a broad array of Zuni folk art and fine art – sometimes whimsical, other times beautiful," said Darcie MacMahon, director of exhibits for the Florida Museum. "These works echo the importance of butterflies and moths in many cultural traditions, and also make clear the lively nature of Zuni art today."
For the Zuni, butterflies and moths represent fertility because they are important plant pollinators and because they usually appear along with the desert's life-giving rains. Butterflies and moths also represent beauty, rebirth and transformation, sometimes associated with the ability to know or change the mind. This derives from their amazing metamorphosis from caterpillar to cocoon or chrysalis to adult moth or butterfly.
The 85 pieces in this exhibit are from the collection of Gary Noel Ross, a lepidopterist and ethnobiologist with a lifelong interest in indigenous cultures. Ross has been chronicling the role of the butterfly and the butterfly motif in the belief systems and arts of indigenous Native American cultures.
"In the late 1990s, I became aware of the prominence of the butterfly symbol in Zuni culture of northern New Mexico," Ross says. "In 2006, I was able to visit Zuni Pueblo for nearly a month. I quickly became a student of Edward Lewis, an extraordinary painter and religious leader. Edward introduced me to many other artists who were surprised to finally meet a butterfly scientist. An instant bond developed. I think that the Zunis portray the butterfly in their art more than any other living American culture, and I am gratified that Zuni art and crafts are now becoming more and more popular in the 'outside' world."
- Marcel Raphael
- Paul Ramey, _EMAIL_, _PHONE_


select random element
 ') e# push ')' char
 - \$\begingroup\$ Doesn't work on the example where gif/jif is followed by a comma. \$\endgroup\$ – Michael Boger Dec 7 '17 at 0:22
Python 3, 237 bytes
lambda s,g,j:' '.join([(w if False in(w[0]in q,w[1:2]in['i','I'],w[2:3]in['f','F'],w[3:]in",;!?.")else q[w[0]]+w[1:3]+" (as in "+choice(g if w[0]in 'jJ'else j)+')'+w[3:])for w in s.split()])
from random import*
Try it online!
This is the best I can do -- might be some way to do it quicker (probably with regexes) but my brain hurts now.
Explanation: q is a simple dictionary mapping, I hope that's clear. s,g,j are the input string, the list of g-words, and the list of j-words.''.join joins together the list comprehension done across for w in s.split() is therefore for the list of words in s.
The middle bit is black magic, which I'll break down piecewise. First, the condition: False in(w[0]in q,w[1:2]in['i','I'],w[2:3]in['f','F'],w[3:]in",;!.").
w[0]in q checks the first character is in the keys of q which are 'g','G','j','J'. The reason for separating out q as a variable is we also use it as a dict/map later.
w[1:2]in ['i','I'] checks that the second character is either i or I. The :2 is necessary because just putting w[1] would result in a crash on 1-letter words, but slices don't do that for some reason (I thought they did, whatever!)
w[2:3]in ['f','F'] is analogous. I briefly had this as just 2: before I realized I needed to account for gif, or jif, followed by punctuation!
w[3:]in",;!?." checks that the subsequent character(s) are punctuation. I admit my code doesn't work if someone puts 'gif?!' but I can't be perfect. Someone else can take up the challenge of opening quotes before gif or jif, too.
False in(,,,) is basically a big NAND. It's actually the same bytecount as separating four items with and and swapping the arguments, but this looks cooler and works better if you have to extend it to a fifth anded thing.
w if means that if False is in the conditional-list, we just return the word unchanged -- it doesn't meet our criteria. else, we change it to:
OK. q[w[0]] substitutes the first letter correctly. w[1:3] tacks on the i or I and f or F, w[3:] tacks on any trailing punctuation. That leaves the as in clause.
" (as in "+choice(g if w[0]in 'jJ'else j)+')' puts in the obvious string literal at the start and the trailing parenthesis, the interesting bit here is choice(g if w[0]in 'jJ'else j) which randomly chooses from g or j, depending on if w[0] is in 'jJ'. and I just realized I had this bit backwards so fixing that throughout, done.
It's been a long day. choice is in the random module hence the import. I think that's everything.
JavaScript (ES6), 142 bytes
(s,g,j,r=l=>l[Math.random()*l.length|0])=>s.replace(/\b[gj]if\b/gi,w=>'GJgj'[l='JGjg'.search(w[0])]+w.slice(1)+' (as in ${r([g,j,g,j][l])})')
Takes separate g and j word lists.
Javascript(ES6), 151 bytes
f=(s,g,j)=>s.replace(/\b(g|j)(if)\b/ig,(m,p,c)=>'${a=g,p=="j"?"g":p=="J"?"G":(a=j,p=="g"?"j":"J")}${c}(as in ${a[Math.floor(Math.random()*a.length)]})')
I probably can golf down the ternary part more, but I can't think of how right now. Also, it takes the g and j words separately.
Your Answer


Menstrual cycle effects—Clue study summary and commentary
Two months ago, I posted a question asking how LessWrong users optimize their productivity with respect to their menstrual cycle. User AM helpfully pointed me to a 2021 Nature Human Behavior study Daily, weekly, seasonal, and menstrual cycles in women's mood, behavior and vital signs [1] which provides robust, data-driven answers to some of my questions. The study does so by analyzing 241 million self-reported data points from 3.3 million women who use Clue, a period tracking app.
Main findings
I'm summarizing my interpretation of the paper, which means I will cover the facts I find relevant, skip findings I didn't find interesting, and possibly throw in my own interpretations. Please point out corrections if you have any.
First finding: The menstrual cycle amplitude is often larger than the daily, weekly, and seasonal cycle amplitudes
People experience various cycles. For example, the daily cycle consists of waking up, doing stuff, then going to bed. The weekly cycle often consists of a work week followed by a weekend. The seasonal cycle is a year long and (for example) includes the effects of dark winters in the Northern hemisphere.
Women [2] additionally experience a menstrual cycle—a 21-40 day cycle characterized by a period.
It's common to experience fluctuation in mood across each of these cycles (daily, weekly, seasonal, menstrual). Fluctuation in mood can mean lots of things—two examples are the dimension of happy-sad and the dimension of focused-distracted. Insofar as mood changes are caused by a cycle, one might expect to see roughly periodic data with respect to that cycle. And here it is:
From [1]. This chart shows how the happy-sad dimension is influenced by all four cycles. In particular, I'm guessing the daily cycle is primarily influenced by sunlight, the weekly cycle by weekends, the seasonal cycle by winter [3].
We can see that the menstrual cycle's amplitude is larger than that of the daily, weekly, or seasonal cycle for the happy-sad dimension. This effect was shown to be statistically significant for 6 out of 9 mood dimensions:
From [1], edited to only show mood category. [4] The 6 statistically significant categories are "happy vs sad", "happy vs sensitive", "energized vs exhausted", "motivated vs unmotivated", "supportive vs conflict", "focused vs distracted". The menstrual cycle also has large relative influence on "social vs withdrawn", about the same as the daily cycle.
The 2 out of 9 mood dimensions which are dominated by the weekly cycle rather than the menstrual cycle are calm-stressed and productive-unproductive. Here is their cycle data:
From [1]'s Supplementary Figure 1.
From [1]'s Supplementary Figure 1.
The relative effect from the menstrual cycle is still there—it's just dwarfed by the weekly cycle (specifically, weekends being a thing).
Here is the menstrual cycle's effect on the other 6 mood dimensions (where the menstrual cycle's amplitude was dominant):
(Here, the difference between the menstrual cycle and weekly cycle amplitude was not statistically significant)
From [1]'s Supplementary Figure 1.
The same general heartbeat-shaped curve seems to show up everywhere. My thoughts on this are below.
Second finding: PMS (Premenstrual syndrome) is real
The study finds evidence against the idea that PMS is culturally specific by demonstrating that the effect exists in many countries.
From [1]. During the premenstrual phase, women are on average at least 5% more sad. This effect persists in many countries, suggesting PMS is not culturally specific.
PMS sadness increases until age 35, then decreases
Their data also suggests that PMS effects on mood increase until age 35, then decrease.
From [1]. PMS effects on "happy vs sad" mod increase until age 35, then decrease.
Here is another chart which shows how the amplitude of PMS effects on happy vs sad increase with age.
From [1]. "Happy vs sad" mood over the course of the menstrual cycle. Day 0 is the first day of the period.
My thoughts
The anecdotal data from my original question roughly matches the Clue data
In my original question "How do you optimize productivity with respect to your menstrual cycle?", the two people who self-reported perceived energy levels had data which roughly agrees with the Clue study:
Person 1: Off the pill, I find my productivity above-average for about 1 week after my period (I have a very regular 28 day cycle), and frustratingly low for the other 3 weeks (especially the week I am actually on my period). While on the pill, I never get the high of that one post-period week, but I also don't suffer the low before and during my period.
Person 2: First one-two days of period: [...] I think extremely slowly during this time [...]. Last two-three days of period: Quite neutral state of being [...]. First two weeks after period: More able to concentrate [...]. Third and fourth week after period: [These effects slowly get more and peak in the second week] [...] Emotionally more fluctuating [...]
Is there more to it than a heartbeat-shaped curve?
My uninformed guess: on a population level, no. On an individual level, yes.
Intensity matching: why more precise effects are probably hard to show
I think the heartbeat-shaped curve shows up across many mood dimensions because a lot of these factors correlate to begin with. I suspect logged data correlates more than the "real data" because everything is self-reported, and people are prone to intensity matching.
Evidence in favor of my hunch: the Clue data also covers RHR (resting heart rate), BBT (basal body temperature), and weight—these are all influenced by the menstrual cycle but in slightly different ways:
From [1]. The red curve is "Age years 30-35″ and the green curve is "Age years 15-20".
I'd be interested to learn about established techniques besides ("track easy to measure variables") to overcome this intensity matching problem.
Specific example: sleep tracking
I have a sneaking suspicion that the amount of sleep I naturally need varies with my menstrual cycle. Specifically, I think I need around 8.5-9 hours around right before my period is happening and around 7.5-8 hours around when I am ovulating. I haven't been able to corroborate this hunch because I don't track my sleep.
However, the big caveat here is that this only applies to sleep I naturally need. As soon as I wake up to an alarm or go to sleep unusually late, my entire circadian rhythm is (slightly) thrown off. So, my guess is my menstrual cycle will only have these measurable effects if I have a perfectly regular bedtime and never wake up to alarms.
The Clue study looks a bit into sleep, but their findings aren't relevant to what I'm talking about. The app only collects four categories—0-3, 3-6, 6-9, or 9+ hours—and relies on self-reported duration.
There is prior research on how sleep is related to the menstrual cycle. Some findings:
 1. "significant inverse association between sleep duration and menstrual cycle irregularity"
 2. "no substantial relationship has been indicated between hours of sleep and most menstrual symptoms" (perhaps because they rely on self-reported data)
 3. "Young women are more likely to experience sleep disruption in the days leading up to their menstrual period" (good sleep tracking but small sample size)
It seems like my experience of "needing more sleep" is related to increased sleep disruption.
It'd be really cool to measure these effects, but getting a scientific study to do sounds difficult—you'd have to do a massively scaled-up version of the third study listed above, or something similarly expensive.
Natural vs societal effects
I think effects of each cycle (daily, weekly, seasonal, menstrual) on a person's mood (here happy vs sad) can be split up into "natural" (caused by natural processes like human biology and sunlight) and "societal" (caused be societal processes like the work week) effects.
 - The weekly cycle is entirely societal because weeks are a social construct.
 - The menstrual cycle is entirely natural since the menstrual cycle is a natural process.
 - The daily cycle data shows some of both. I can imagine natural effects arising from sunlight and tiredness (not solid on the details, but my understanding of the circadian rhythm is that we wake up alert and build up 'sleepiness' all day) and societal effects arising from getting mentally or physically tired from the work day.
 - The seasonal cycle data also shows some of both. I can imagine natural effects arising from sunlight and climate and societal effects arising from holidays, vacations, and other impactful events.
I think this is an interesting framework because natural and societal processes both influence mood, but influencing them requires two different approaches.
Natural problems are solved by learning the relevant biology/psychology behind your problem and exploiting its mechanics. Example natural problem: you feel tired and unproductive because your workspace is not well-lit. Solution: adding a bunch of lighting to your workspace.
Societal problems can only be solved by making society-level changes to your situation. Example societal problem: you feel tired and unproductive because you work best in long uninterrupted blocks, which are rare to come by. Solution: getting a different schedule.
It's a common problem to look at a happy-sad cycle causing someone to function suboptimally and misdiagnose the cause


text:
INHERITANCE OF BITTERNESS IN CUCUMBER
Three cucumber inbred lines with different types of bitterness: bitter in both foliage and fruit (BiBiBtBt), bitterfree in both foliage and fruit (bibibtbt), and bitter in foliage only (BiBibtbt,) were used as materials to examine the segregation ratios of the F1, F2, and BC1 progeny. The results showed that the genes controlling foliage bitterness, Bi and bi, act independently of those controlling fruit bitterness, Bt and bt, and that bi is epistatically recessive to Bt. Fruits are also bitter when Bi and bi are heterozygous, even in the absence of Bt, although the extent of bitterness is less than that caused by Bt, and the proportion of bitter fruit is lower.
Xingfang, G., Shengping, Z., Yanmei, G. and Caiqing, X. (2007). INHERITANCE OF BITTERNESS IN CUCUMBER. Acta Hortic. 731, 67-70
cucumber, bitterness, inheritance


text:
The process for enrolment into the school is as follows:
- Interview with parents / guardians
- Interview with prospective pupil
- Entrance test (in some cases)
Once the initial contact has been made and assuming that the school makes an offer of a place for the child, there will follow:
Formal acceptance of place:
- Completion of the request form.
- Payment of initial fees.
Once a placement has been formally offered and accepted, parents/guardians must provide the following documentation:
- 2 photocopies of the child's birth certificate (long version) or 'libro de familia'.
- 4 passport photographs of the child.
- Photocopies of parents' identity documents or passports.
- Medical certificate and vaccination certificate.
- Certificate of transfer from previous school (if applicable).
- Bank details for payments by standing order.


What is Squonking?
Squonking is a term used to describe a bottom fed atomiser. The term comes from the noise a bottle makes when you squeeze it (squonk). The squonker was made as vapers got tired of re dripping into an RDA. Mods were designed with a bottle inside that you can fill with e-liquid. A "squonk" pin with a whole through the middle is then installed into the atomiser to allow liquid to rise from below when you squeeze the bottle This fills the chamber with eliquid and wets the wicks. The act of letting go of the bottle draws the excess from the chamber.


text:
Adopting from Haiti After Earthquake
Today's show is on adoptions from Haiti after the earthquake. We talked about current adoption cases as well as what the future holds for adopting children orphaned by the Haitian earthquake last week. Our guests were Whitney Reitz, Branch Chief, for the International Operations Division U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services; Nyda Budig, Adoption Division Office of Children's Issues at the US State Department; Rebecca Hackworth, Director of the Haitian Adoption Program at Dillon International, and Susan Cox, Vice Pres Policy and External Affairs for Holt International.
- Status of Haitian adoptions that were in process when the earthquake struck
- Difference between a humanitarian parole and an immigration visa.
- How do they decide which child should receive a humanitarian parole and which an immigration visa.
- What should adoptive parents do to apply for either a humanitarian parole or an immigration visa?
- If the child is eligible for either a humanitarian parole or immigration visa how does the child get to the US?
- How is the US government arranging flights out of Haiti?
- What is the status of the airlift of children from Haiti to the US using private planes?
- What will happen to the approximately 50,000 children that were living in orphanages or institutions prior to the earthquake but who had not been referred to an adoptive family?
- What is the anticipated time frame for families that had already applied to adopt from Haiti but had not received a referral?
- When does the US State Department and Citizenship and Immigration Services anticipate that adoptions from Haiti will resume?
- What type of safeguards, such as DNA testing and fingerprinting, will be used to protect the children from child trafficking?
- How many children will have been orphaned by the Haitian earthquake?
- When will international adoptions from Haiti resume?
- What is the process to adopt a child from Haiti?
- Why is Haiti so hard to adopt from?
Subscribe to Creating a Family Radio:
- Subscribe, rate, and review in iTunes
- Subscribe to our radio RSS feed
- Subscribe to our blog RSS feed


text:
To Grow a Building Uses Local Soil + Roots as Building Materials
Living in a world that's in the midst of a climate crisis, it would be naive to think there's any area of life that it won't eventually touch. Thankfully, there are people out there working towards solutions. During Jerusalem Design Week 2022, and following the theme of 'For Now,' a group of designers created an outdoor performative lab space. Here they debuted To Grow a Building, an architectural project that proposes using local soil and roots as structural elements. Buildings would germinate, bloom, dry up, produce new material, and then return to the same soil to do it all again.
Designers Elisheva Gillis, Gitit Linker, Danny Freedman, Noa Zermati, Adi Segal, Rebeca Partook, Or Naim, and Nof Nathansohn explored the possibility of buildings that are 3D printed using organic materials. A custom-made robotic arm uses digital workflow to build small structures with a mix of soil and seeds. When finished printing layers on top of one another, the structure sprouts seeds. The exterior is covered in vegetation while the interior fills with dry roots – a new and strong material in itself. The need for alternative resources is only increasing, and the process behind To Grow a Building could be one of them.
The project was supported by Rogovin, a company that promotes ecological innovation in the field of real estate.
To learn more about To Grow a Building, visit 2022.jdw.co.il.
Photography by Dor Kedmi.


Differential Fluid Change Cost Guide
gear oil drop
In many cases, especially on all-wheel-drive vehicles, the correct fluid is determined not just by weight but according to manufacturer-specific specifications, such as on some Honda and BMW vehicles.
It's always important to consult the service manual and check the manufacturer's specifications. It is also a good idea to verify that a service facility has done so and is using the correct fluid.
The costs are still generally within the same price range. However, sometimes, extra time is needed to round up the necessary fluids if they aren't at hand.
The Costs of Differential Fluid Service
The cost to change differential fluid ranges from around $70 to $160. The price is usually figured at half an hour of labor and then, the cost of fluids. Most shops, including dealerships, use a set price rather than the book-time, plus the parts that the estimates of other services are calculated with.
In some cases, there is one price for all-wheel-drive vehicles and another price for four-wheel-drive trucks, which tend to have a larger gear oil capacity. In many cases as well, the operation is different between the two.
Most all-wheel-drive vehicles have a simple drain plug for the differentials. On the other hand, many four-wheel-drive axles require the more laborious removal of the drive gear cover to drain the fluid.
Sometimes, there is also an additional charge on top of the differential service cost to service a limited-slip differential if special friction-modifier additives need to be used. It's important to use the correct additive if necessary or the clutches in a limited slip differential can bind up or operate intermittently rather than smoothly.
An example would be a 2004 Dodge 2500 four-wheel-drive truck with a limited slip rear end, which needs 4-oz of limited slip additive costing about $18, in addition to normal differential fluid.
Differential Fluid Service
The differential in a vehicle takes the input of engine power from a driveshaft and splits it into two driving wheels on the axle using heavy steel ring and pinion gears. These are connected to a steel frame housing the spider and side gears.
Both front and rear differentials follow the same design, and all of these are lubricated with thick gear oil. The basic purpose is to transfer the power while allowing the two drive wheels of an axle to turn at different rates, as is necessary when steering around corners.
What this also allows is for one wheel to spin independently of another, which is a great disadvantage in slippery terrain or snowy roads.
If one wheel loses traction, all engine power is sent to that wheel. For that reason, limited slip differentials were developed, which still allow driven wheels to turn at different rates, but limit the amount so that some power will always be applied to both wheels. This is more often used on all-terrain four-wheel-drive vehicles.
The differential fluid in either design is subject to age and wear and has regular replacement intervals. These are very dependent on how a vehicle is used.
The most common service recommendations are from 30,000 to 60,000 miles. The shorter period is for a vehicle that is used for towing, which generates a lot more heat and wear in the differential.
The longer period is for normal use. Sometimes, the interval is much longer, as wear depends not just on how a vehicle is used, but the use it is designed for.
A differential designed and built to tow 12,000 pounds, for instance, sees little wear or stress if it isn't actually used to tow anything.
It is also fairly common to have a recommendation for the first differential fluid change that is much shorter, such as at 15,000 miles. That recognizes the break-in period of the differential; when the new steel-to-steel running gears bed into each other and generate more heat and waste-metal particles than they do when they are well-mated surfaces that are polished from initial wear.
broken automotive differential in the hands of mechanic
Different Kinds of Fluids Used
Most gear oils have a specific weight rating such as 80w, or 80w-90, or 75w-140. The W signifies the tested viscosity rating of the gear oil in winter conditions, while the second number (if present) represents the viscosity in warm weather.
This is similar to how motor oil is rated, but the method and standards are different. 15w-40 motor oil, for instance, is pretty similar in consistency to 75w-90 gear oil. Sticking with the manufacturer's recommendation is always the safest way.
One other common option that comes up is synthetic versus conventional oil. Both are commonly available with the same weight ratings.
Other than cost, the general consensus is that synthetic is better. Generally, they have a lower friction coefficient (and so gears run cooler), better sliding characteristics, and are less affected by temperature changes.
The same as with motor oil, it all comes from the same place. However, the refining method is more involved and precise, and so, the cost is greater.
On a vehicle that is under heavy use, a synthetic is probably a good safe choice and should allow a more relaxed service schedule. Under normal or light use and in mild climates, the advantage is much less.
About Author
More Posts
Leave a Comment


How to Stay Safe During Zumba Dance Classes
Zumba is a famous Latin-inspired fitness program. When you participate, it is more like a dance party than a workout. You will surely love the idea of a workout without making you feel like you are exercising. With this, it lures a diverse crowd at health clubs and dance studios.
This exercise is an excellent way to burn calories but for those who are out of shape, initial classes can be challenging. For those who are already joining a zumba dance class, they attest that it is addictive because of its endorphin-fueled movements enhanced by feel-good beats.
Like any workout, there is a risk of injury. The most common Zumba injury is a meniscal tear of the knee. This happens when the knee joint moves in one direction but the feet stay put. Knowing this, it is important that you know how to stay safe during Zumba dance classes. You can consider the following tips for a safe Zumba workout:
Prepare for class
Zumba instructors will select their dance steps from different styles like salsa, samba, merengue, belly dancing, and even hip-hop. For this, you need to prepare. If you can, you must take a preparation class that teaches basic moves. It is advisable to take beginner Latin dance session before you show up at your first class.
Choose an experienced instructor
You must know that any enthusiast can receive certification after completing a one-day course. Before you signup, it is important that you research about the experiences of the instructor. Through this, you will get to know the instructor's extent of certification.
Zumba-Dance-ClassesWear the correct shoes
You do not just wear any shoes when dancing. For Zumba, the shoes should have few or no grips on the soles. This is important so you can turn easily without sticking to the floor. It is advisable to look for shoes with pivot points allowing a multidirectional movement.
Do not wear running shoes because they are made for forward movement. If you wear running shoes during Zumba, you have a higher risk of knee, hip and ankle injuries. It is imperative that you consider shoes that are made for side movement. While you are at it, look for flexible shoes with a good amount of arch support.
Dodge the wrong floors
The floor can mean the difference between safe and risky classes. Due to Zumba's popularity, there are many makeshift studios you will see. When you come to visit, check the floors. Avoid concrete or concrete covered with a thin layer of wood, carpeted surfaces, and floors with hard tiles. The floor should be hardwood.
Look at the crowd
When you see an overcrowded studio, you need to ditch Zumba. You must remember that Zumba requires an adequate physical space so you can move appropriately. Zumba features high-velocity movements that need more space so people do not injure each other. Find classes that are not congested.
Consider warm up and cool down
Warm up is important because it will help raise your body's temperature and reduce soreness afterward. Cool down can bring down your respiratory rate, body temperature, and heart rate. These steps should not be skipped regardless of the type of exercise.
Related Articles


Introduction to HaXml
A quick introduction into the HaXml library, reading data from XML and representing them as Haskell types
I was looking for a HaXml tutorial or code examples on the web but I could not find any description of the basic idea behind the library. There are a few tutorials out there, but their focus is more on the power of combinators than on the library basics. There is also a code fragment in the book real-world haskell but (at the time of writing this post) it is outdated.
The aim of this tutorial is to describe the basic HaXml functionality - reading XML data from a file into custom types and saving the data from these types back to another file.
What we want to achieve is:
main :: IO ()
main = do
 students <- fReadXml "sample-in.xml" :: IO Students
 print students
 fWriteXml "sample-out.xml" students
The sample-in.xml looks like this:

 Zachary Popme

 Daria Marchenko
First we need to install the library with:
cabal update
cabal install haxml
We could also work with the XML data directly and not map it to any types. This can be achieved with the ANYContent type. We could read everything from the XML like this:
main :: IO ()
main = do
 c <- fReadXml "sample-in.xml" :: IO ANYContent
 print c
Nonetheless, our goal is to map the XML to custom data-types. These types will have 1 to 1 correspondence with the XML data, although this is of course not necessary.
data Students = Students {enrolled :: [Student]} deriving Show
data Student = Student {name :: String, gender :: String, address :: Address} deriving Show
data Address = Address {street :: String, number :: Int} deriving Show
HaXml reads the contents (elements, attributes, comments, declarations etc.) of any XML and wraps it into HaXml data-types. For illustration purposes we can have a look at the Address element:
CElem (Elem (N "Address") []
 CString False "\n\t\t\t",
 CElem (Elem (N "street") [] [CString False "uptown"]),
 CElem (Elem (N "number") [] [CString False "4"]),
 CString False "\n\t\t" ]),
 CString False "\n\t" ]),
 CString False "\n"
We need a way to extract the data from these HaXml types and store them in our types. We can do it by implementing two typeclasses HTypeable and XmlContent.
Let's describe these in turn.
The class is quite simple:
class HTypeable a where
toHType :: a -> HType
HType adds additional metadata to the type it augments. For example:
instance HTypeable Integer where
toHType _ = Prim "Integer" "integer"
The Prim type holds the XML-element name for a given primitive ("integer" in case of the type Integer). HaXml takes advantage of metadata in HTypes when mapping from Haskell types to XML.
We have defined three records - Student, Students and Address. For each record we have to define an instance of HTypeable. Let's begin with Address:
instance HTypeable Address where
toHType (Address s n) = Defined "Address" [] [Constr "Address" [] [toHType s, toHType n]]
The arguments to the Defined data constructor are as follows:
 - name of type,
 - a list of HTypes of the type variables,
 - a list of all data constructors for the type.
The Constr has 3 arguments:
 - name of the constructor (will be used as the XML tag-name),
 - a list of HTypes of the type variables,
 - list of all arguments to the data constructor (as HTypes).
A more detailed description of Constr can be found in the code.
The other two instances are similar to the first one:
instance HTypeable Students where
toHType (Students ss) = Defined "Students" [] [Constr "Students" [] [toHType ss]]
instance HTypeable Student where
toHType s =
 let Student n g a = s in Defined "Student" [] [Constr "Student" [] [toHType n, toHType g, toHType a]]
Now we can start defining the XmlContent instances which have two functions - parseContents (from XML to types) and toContents (from types to XML).
instance XmlContent Address where
 parseContents = inElement "Address" (Address <$> parseStreet <*> parseNumber)
 parseStreet = inElement "street" text
 parseNumber = read <$> inElement "number" text
 toContents a@(Address s n) =
 [mkElemC (showConstr 0 $ toHType a) [mkElemC "street" $ toText s, mkElemC "number" $ toText. show $ n]]
Let's first look at toContents. Its implementation will be (almost) the same in all instances. toContents is called when a new Address XML-element should be created. We define the XML-element with mkElemC. The first argument is the tag-name (we can use the showConstr function which pulls the name from a HType). Afterwards we create two sub-elements - "street" and "number".
parseContents traverses the HaXml types which wrap the XML data. It uses the HaXml functions to navigate through all the types like CElem, Elem, CString etc. (we saw those in the example above). The inElement function are basically two functions - element which moves to the next XML-element and interior which goes "into" the contents of that element. The text function extracts the text from the element. Since XmlContent is a functor (inElement returns XMLParser a) we can use the applicative operators as shown above.
The Students instance is pretty much the same:
instance XmlContent Students where
 parseContents = inElement "Students" (Students <$> parseContents)
 toContents v@(Students ss) =
 [mkElemC (showConstr 0 $ toHType v) (toContents ss)]
For reading and writing attribute values I'll define helper functions (if there is a better HaXml-way to do it let me know!). The first argument of attrToText is the name of the attribute, the second is a list of attributes which we go through in order to find an attribute with this name. If no attribute is found, the function returns Nothing.
mkAttrElemC creates a CElem with the appropriate attributes.
attrToText :: String -> [Attributes] -> Maybe String
attrToText n as = foldl1 (<|>) attrText
 where attrText = map (fromAttrToStr n) as
mkAttrElemC :: String -> [Attribute] -> [Content ()] -> Content ()
mkAttrElemC x as cs = CElem (Elem (N x) as cs) ()
instance XmlContent Student where
 parseContents = do
 e <- element ["Student"]
 interior e (Student <$> parseName <*> parseGender e <*> parseContents )
 parseName = inElement "name" text
 parseGender e = return $ fromMaybe "unknown" $ attrToText "gender" $ attrs e
 toContents v@(Student n g a) =
 [mkAttrElemC (showConstr 0 $ toHType v) [mkAttr "gender" g] (mkElemC "name" (toText n) : toContents a)]
We read the name (parseName), afterwards we use the HaXml Student element e (it's just an Elem type) for reading all of its attributes and return the value of "gender" attribute. The last function is parseContents which will trigger parseContents in the Address XmlContent instance.
Generating code with DrIFT
The last point to mention is that we can partially automate generating this boilerplate. This can be achieved with DrIFT.
Install with:
cabal update
cabal install drift
We prepare the template:
{-!for Address derive : XmlContent!-}
{-!for Students derive : XmlContent!-}
{-!for Student derive : XmlContent!-}
Now we can generate all the instances by calling:
DrIFT xmlparser.hs
from the command line. It prints the generated source code to stdout. A full working example can be found here xmlparser.hs


University of Cambridge > Talks.cam > Cambridge University Linguistic Society (LingSoc) > Variation in British Sign Language
Variation in British Sign Language
If you have a question about this talk, please contact Catherine Davies.
The sign language of the British Deaf community is no more uniform than any other living language. As well as showing a great deal of regional variation, BSL is influenced by other social and identity factors such as age, gender, ethnic origin and educational and family background influence BSL. Some variation is similar to that seen in other languages in Britain and some is specific to the unique position of the Deaf community within British society. Additionally there is evidence of rapid language change as Deaf society has changed and continues to change. This seminar outlines some effects of social factors on pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar and discourse on the beautiful, dynamic and fascinating visual language that is BSL.
Tell a friend about this talk:
This talk is included in these lists:
Note that ex-directory lists are not shown.


Parkington Lane.png
Parkington Lane
Biographical information
Behind the scenes
First appearance
National Treasure
Last appearance
National Treasure
Parkington Lane is a minor character in the movie National Treasure.
Biography[edit | edit source]
Parkington Lane was born in 1688 and sometime during his life became a Freemason. He was a third-degree master mason of the Blue Lodge when he died in 1744. After his death he was buried inside the Trinity Church and was made part of the clue to the Templar Treasure. A passageway lead from his crypt to secret underground staircase leading to the treasure, and his name used as a clue behind the Declaration of Independence.
Gallery[edit | edit source]


text:
- The Memory Overview view
- The Resource Utilization view
To be able to use these tools the system administrator needs the authorization role: sap.hana.admin.roles::Monitoring
How to start the analysis tools
Select the SAP HANA system that you want to analyze and right click to open the context menu. The Memory Overview view
In the Memory Overview view you can see details on the used Physical Memory, Used SAP HANA Memory, memory used by tables ans the memory used by Database Management. The Resource Utilization view
In the Resource Utilization view you can see details on used CPU, Memory and Data. These measurements can be combined in a graph to see the usage over a selected time period.


text:
Solution to MIU puzzle:
Count the number of I's in a theorem, it seems it is never 0,
in fact it is never a multiple of 3. This may mean that
MIII can never evolve into MU.
(1) # of I's is 1 to start with!= multiple of 3.
(2) Rules 1 and 4 do not affect I Count.
(3) Rule 3 diminishes I count by 3 exactly
= only create a multiple of 3 if already a multiple of 3.
Rule 2 doubles I count
if 2n is multiple of 3
then n must be multiple.
Therefore I count cannot be a multiple of 3.
Therefore MIII --> MU is not possible.
Therefore cannot get an I count of 0.
And hence MU is not in system.


Seminar Abstract
Geoffrey Boynton
Measuring Threshold Performance in Behavioral Experiments
Time: 12:30 pm on Wednesday, February 1, 2012
Place: Savery 409
A primary tool for the experimental psychologist is the use of 'psychophysics', which is the quantitative measurement sensory experience as measured with behavioral responses. A common psychophysical measure is the 'threshold', which is the weakest stimulus needed to be reliably detected. Psychophysicists have standard methods for measuring thresholds which involves concepts and procedures including signal detection theory, maximum likelihood model fitting and bootstrapping. I will provide a general overview of the psychophysical methods for threshold measurement, hopefully in a context that a statistician might find interesting.