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The term codicology is of recent vintage, there being some argument
as to who invented it, the classical philologist Alphonse Dain or
the historian Charles Samaran. It seems likely that Samaran
invented _codicography_, based on _paleography_, and that Dain
invented _codicology_, based on this. It is unimportant at any
rate, the thing having existed long before the name (res ante
nominum, to calque a phrase). See J. P. Gumbert, "Ebert's
Codicology a Hundred and Fifty Years Old," Quaerendo 5 (1975), 336-
39. In German, one spoke long ago of Handschriftenkunde, Buchwesen
and such things, and the term 'archaeology of the book' has been
bandied about. Codicology seems handy, though it must be extended
to include scroll, roll, and other writing materials and modes of
gathering. See: What is Codicology?
1. It is always good to have a taxonomy when approaching a new (or
even an old) subject, and one is provided for codicology by: Denis
Muzerelle, "Le vocabulaire codicologique. Anhang: Lexique
codicologique," Palaeographie 1981. Muenchener Beitraege zur
Mediaevistik und Renaissance-Forschung. 32, ed. Gabriel Silagi
(Munich: Bei der Arbeo-Gesellschaft, 1982), 43-46. A taxonomy based
on this is available in the archives of Medtextl. Each of the
studies on the vocabulary of codicology, of course, offers a sort
of taxonomy. Denis Muzerelle, Vocabulaire codicologique: repertoire
methodique des termes francais relatifs aux manuscrits. Rubricae 1
(Paris: CEMI, 1985). -- Basile Atsalos, La terminologie du livremanuscrit a l'epoque byzantine. 1e partie: termes designant le
livre-manuscrit et l'ecriture. Ellenika 21 (Thessalonika, 1971) --
Robert Devreesse, Introduction a l'etude des manuscrits grecs
(Paris: Klincksieck, 1954), a must.
2. For a gentle introduction, you can't beat one of the pioneers:
Alphonse Dain, Les manuscrits, 2d ed. (Paris: Les Belles Lettres,
1964; originally 1949). An even earlier pioneer is still worth
reading: Theodor Birt, Das antike Buchwesen (Berlin: Hertz, 1892).
Excellent, good coverage.
3. A useful introduction, with a good starting bibliography is:
Jacques Lemaire, Introduction a la codicologie. Universite
Catholique de Louvain, Publications de l'Institut d'Etudes
Medievales, Textes, Etudes, Congres, 6 (Louvain la Neuve, 1989).
Somewhat more restricted, but good: Leon Gilissen, Prolegomenes a
la codicologie: recherches sur la construction des cahiers et la
mise en page des manuscrits medievaux (Gand: Story-Scientia, 1977).
Often cited, though obviously restricted: Malachi Beit-Arie, Hebrew
codicology: tentative typology of technical practices employed in
Hebrew dated medieval manuscripts (Paris: CNRS, 1976). Another:
Johannes Pedersen, The Arabic Book, trn. Geoffrey French (Princeton
University Press, 1984).
a. Doris H. Banks, Medieval Manuscript Bookmaking: A Bibliographic
Guide (Metuchen, NJ: The Scarecrow Press, 1989). Strongly
anglophone, not always trustworthy, somewhat wide-ranging, more a
bibliography of the medieval than bookmaking. You can safely skip
b. John van Hook, "The Indexes to Current Work on the History of
the Book: A Review Article," Analytical and Enumerative
Bibliography ns 6 (1992), 10-19.
5. Encyclopedias: A number of encyclopedic undertakings are worth
keeping in mind:
a. Lexikon des gesamten Buchwesens, ed. Karl Loeffler and Joachim
Kirchner, 3 vols (Leipzig: Hiersemann, 1935-37).
b. Lexikon des Buchwesens, ed. Joachim Kirchner, 4 vols.
(Stuttgart: Hiersemann, 1952-56).
c. Nordisk Leksikon for Bogvaesen, 2 vols. (Stockholm: Foerlaget
d. Handbuch der Bibliothekswissenschaft, founded Fritz Milkau, ed.
Georg Leyh, 3 vols. in 4 (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1950-65). Note
especially vol. 1 "Schrift und Buch". If you can't find it in
Milkau-Leyh, it probably doesn't exist.
e. Geschichte der Textueberlieferung der antiken und
mittelalterlichen Literatur, ed. Herbert Hunger, Karl Langosch et
al., 2 vols (Zuerich: Atlantis Verlag, _PHONE_). Vol. 2 is on
the Middle Ages. One of the great undertakings, but spotty. Do not
6. Books on the book. It is also worthwhile keeping in mind books
written abou the book in general, since many of them take up
a. David Diringer, The Book before Printing (NY: Dover, 1982; a
reprint of his The Hand-Produced Book, 1953). Inexpensive and
b. Curt F. Buehler, Early Books and Manuscripts: Forty Years of
Research (NY: Grolier, 1973). His collected articles.
c. Hendrik D. L. Vervliet, ed. The Book through Five Thousand
Years; A Survey by Fernand Baudin and Others. Intro by Herman
Liebaers, afterword Ruari McLean (London: Phaidon, 1972).
d. The Cambridge History of the Book in Britain (Cambridge: CUP, in
progress) has begun publishing; we look forward this year to two
new volumes of concern to us: 1. The Early Middle Ages, ed. Michael
Lapidge (2000); 2, The Later Middle Ages, ed. Nigel Morgan (2000).
7. You should keep a list of specialized studies, of interest to
you, e.g. pricking: Leslie W. Jones, "Pricking Manuscripts, the
Instruments and their Significance," Speculum 21 (1946), 389-403.
Or even pouncing: Dorothy Miner, "More About Medieval Pouncing,"
Homage to a Bookman, Essays on Manuscript Books and Printing
Written for Hans P. Kraus on his 60th Birthday, ed. Hellmut
Lehmann-Haupt (Berlin: Munn, 1967), 87-107. An example might be
a. David N. Carvalho, Forty Centuries of Ink (NY: Burt Franklin,
1971; reprt. of 1904).
b. Monique Zerdoun Bat-Yehouda, Les encres noires au moyen age.
Editions du CNRS (Paris: CNRS, 1983). Good bibliography, though a
c. For colored inks Daniel V. Thompson, The Materials and
Techniques of Medieval Painting (NY: Dover, 1956; repr. of 1936
book), has not lost its value.
a. Ronald Reed, Ancient Skins, Parchments and Leathers (London:
Seminar Press, 1972).
b. Ronald Reed, The Nature and Making of Parchment (Leeds: Elmete,
c. Peter Ruck, ed. Pergament: Geschichte-Struktur-RestaurierungHerstellung (Sigmaringen: Thorbecke, 1991).
9. There are a number of good books of readings on codicology. Two:
a. Codicologica 1 (1976) is mostly a collection of previously
published works, a kind of status quaestionis report.
b. Griechische Kodikologie und Textueberlieferung, ed. Dieter
Harlfinger (Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1980).
Somewhat larger than the preceeding, good index and bibliography.
10. As markup languages get better and better, one has to keep up
with such things as SGML and TEI. Our best source for this is the
journal Computer in the Humanities, which often even has issues
devoted to one of our subjects, for example, vol. 33, which is
devoted to TEI (Text Encoding Initiative), e.g. Syd Bauman and
Terry Catapano, "TEI


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Workplace stress can be identified and addressed through a Stress Risk Management Audit, sometimes referred to as a Stress Risk Management Assessment. In a number of Australian States, and in the UK through the Safety Executive (UK), workplace stress risk factors have been identified and considered in a risk assessment process. This powerpoint is intended to fit into recommended practices rather be considered as an alternative. It also aligns with other Organisational Health methodologies, such as the Organisational Health Audit and Complaints Management, by using an underlying Human Activity System model. This allows for the identification stress risk factors to be identified when addressing other workplace issues.

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Copy and Paste Practice - iWork - Pages (Mac)
Students Practice Copy and Paste
Students copy and paste animals next to the sounds they make.
Students learn how to right click "copy" and right click "paste". Alternately students learn to use the equivalent keyboard shortcuts "command - C" and "command - V" to copy and paste. Students learn to fix mistakes by using Edit > Undo or the keyboard shortcut "command - Z".
Grades - 1 - 2
Copy and Paste iWork Pages Activity Sheet
Download: copy-and-paste-practice.pages.zip (unzip file before using)
Copy and Paste Finished Example:
For iPads / Macs / iWork


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PREP Good practices in Sustainable Energy and Resource Efficiency
Through its Promotion of Resource Efficiency Projects (PREP), WISIONS has collected more than 50 examples of good practice from successfully implemented projects.
WISIONS launched 12 international calls for applications from 2004 to 2008, each time inviting submissions on an important issue or topic related to energy or resource efficiency. These examples still serve as a relevant source of new ideas. They illustrate improved ways of developing and implementing similar projects in other parts of the world.
Up to five examples of good practice were selected for each issue or topic and published in PREP brochures. A set of internationally accepted criteria was used to ensure the sustainable character of the projects. Financial, environmental and social aspects were considered alongside technological feasibility. Regional factors acknowledging different needs and potentials were also taken into account.
The 12 issues or topics are grouped into four categories:
WISIONS now funds sustainable energy projects via its Sustainable Energy Project Support (SEPS) scheme. You will find other examples of good practice on our SEPS Project map.


How much control do you have over your mental health?
How does Samsung Health measure distance walked?
In this guide, we will discuss "How does Samsung Health measure distance walked" and additional considerations to keep in mind when using the Samsung Health app.
How does Samsung Health measure distance walked?
If you are wondering 'How does Samsung Health measure distance walked?' could be because you probably have noticed an incorrect amount of steps. If we check the comments from users, we can find that there seems to be a problem with certain phones in terms of measuring distance. This means running or working out can become problematic when Samsung Health is trying to track the real distance.
Moreover, the exercise section for the Samsung health app doesn't seem to help track movements but the app can provide rich information about your exercise routine history and will even encourage you as you are working out.
When you use this feature, simply tap on 'Exercise' and choose an option from the workout styles available. Some of the styles include hiking, running, or walking. Finally, tap on 'set workout goal' and select the time, goal, distance goal or calories burned. Remember that the app's audio guide is on by default so with the audio guide, you can hear your progress which may be useful for some users.
Interestingly, as indicated on, "It will tell you your pace and distance. You can also listen to your favourite music with the app as you work out…You can also take pictures from the app screen if you find anything that inspires you along a new route".
Customize your step count goal
Samsung Health's step count goal is optimized to fit your fitness goals and profile. If you find that a goal is too easy or too hard then you can change it by tapping on the 'Step count' tile within the app. From there, tap on the menu button and then 'set target'. When you're there, swipe either left or right on the number bar to increase or decrease your goal.
Pause your step count
You may find it very useful and important to track the steps you take throughout your day, so you can stay fit. However, the app can count 'steps' even if you are riding a bike or a car at slow speeds. Because of it, it is recommended to disable your Samsung health app under those specific situations.
Subsequently, you can temporarily stop your Samsung health from counting steps by heading to the steps page within your app and tapping on the menu icon. Select the option 'Pause counting steps and after doing so, you will see a notification informing you that the feature has been paused. To unpause it when you have finished your bike or car ride, just repeat the same steps to enable it again.
Steps on your phone's notification panel
As indicated by Amboy Manalo, "You don't need to be a race-walking champion to appreciate the ability to quickly view your current step count without having to open Samsung Health. To display your step counts in your phone's notification panel, open Samsung Health, then tap the menu button in the upper-right and select "Settings." From there, tap on "Show steps on noti. panel" and you're all set".
Step count duel
Yes, Samsung health will allow you to challenge a friend to a Step Duel. As you may know, staying fit needs motivation and having a friendly competition between friends or relatives can contribute to having a positive mindset and keeping yourself motivated. Moreover, Samsung has thought about this and it has a feature that lets you challenge friends, family or even strangers to a one-on-one step count competition.
You may wonder, how can I do it? Well, it is fairly easy. You just need to add a new challenge within the 'Together' page of the Samsung Health app, name the challenge and invite a friend to join the match.
Participating in global challenges
Additional to the one-on-one step count matches, we can find another option or feature as Global Challenges regularly. You can join to see how well other fitness enthusiasts across the world are doing. To enter a Global Challenge, simply hit the 'Together' tab at the button of your app and then hit 'join' on any of the available challenges.
What if I have a Galaxy Watch?
If you have a Galaxy Watch then you need to know that those devices count the number of steps you have taken and measure the distance travelled.
As indicated on the official Samsung website, "To measure your step count and the distance you walk, tap the Samsung Health icon on the Apps screen, swipe upwards or downwards on the screen, and then open the Step Tracker screen. To view weekly records with a graph, swipe upwards or downwards on the screen".
When measuring your steps, the step tracker will monitor your steps and display the step count after a brief delay because your watch (i.e. Galaxy Watch Active) can accurately recognise your movement after you walk for a while. Additionally, for an accurate step count, you may experience a brief delay before the pop-up window indicates that a certain goal has been reached.
However, consider that the use of the step tracker may be influenced by travelling by car or train and even the vibration may affect your step count.
Tracking your workouts
You may have started to consider improving your health by increasing your physical activity or perhaps you are already used to it but just want to track it down. Samsung Health was created to facilitate the tracking of physical activities where you can even log your workout routines.
The Samsung Health or the Health app, has become one of the most comprehensive health apps that exist in the market. "It sports advanced features like one-on-one challenges and heart rate monitoring, but its basic functionality is perhaps even more important — like any good fitness app, Samsung Health lets you record your exercises with ease, so you spend less time finagling with your device and more time working out (Manalo, 2018)".
Selecting a workout
To select a workout, simply tap on the 'exercise' tile and then choose the type of exercise you prefer from the list of options provided. From there, just tap the 'Basic Workout' drop-down menu and choose a recording method.
In addition to selecting your workout, you can also choose a method to record it. There are three basics modes to record your exercise:
 - Duration target: this mode challenges you to exercise within a set amount of time while recording all the calories that you are burning.
 - Burned calorie target: this mode pushes you to burn a set amount of calories while taking into consideration the time spent.
 - Basic workout: this mode simply records the time and the calories burned.
Why is this blog about How does Samsung Health measure distance walked important?
Samsung Health measures distance but as we have mentioned, the exercise section for the Samsung health app doesn't seem to help track movements but the app can provide rich information about your exercise routine history and will even encourage you as you are working out.
Additionally, it will tell you your pace and distance while you can also have the option to listen to your favourite music with the app as you work out.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about How does Samsung Health measure distance walked
Is Samsung health walking accurate?
Samsung Health will track your walking distance and the accuracy will depend on the sensitivity of the sensor or pedometer, along with other built-in sensors that will help to detect your pace, elevation and determine the calories burned. The pedometer for Samsung Health is said to have +/- 5 steps out of 200 steps accurate.
Does Samsung health use GPS?
The Samsung Health app can work without a GPS, so it doesn't use it for step counting but it could be needed for other features such as displaying on the map the distance followed for running or working out.
How does Samsung health track steps?
Samsung health track steps by displaying them in your notification panel. Simply open your app and tap the menu button that appears in the upper-right and select the option 'settings'. From there, just tap on 'Show steps on notification panel' and that will be all.
Does Samsung health automatically track steps?
Samsung phones are capable of tracking a user's steps through the S Health app with OS Android 5.0 Kit Kat or higher. Non-Samsung phones are capable of tracking a user's steps through the Google Fit app.
How many miles are 10000 steps?
A 10000 steps count is believed to be around 5 miles calculated if we consider that the average person has a stride length of approx. 2.1 to 2.5 feet. This means that an average person takes over 2.000 steps to walk one mile and 10.000 steps would be almost 5 miles.
Manalo, A. (2018, Dec.) 15 Tips to Help You Get the Most Out of Samsung Health. Retrieved from
Manalo, A. (2018, Dec.) Track Your Workouts with Samsung Health. Retrieved from "How do I use the Samsung Health features?"
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Pharmacology for Pharmacy and the Health Sciences: A Patient-Centred Approach
Oxford University Press
Publication Date :
25 Mar 2010
Healthcare delivery is changing across the world. Pharmacy practice is becoming more patient-centred, with both pharmacists and nurses playing a primary role in prescribing drugs in many healthcare settings. The challenge for pharmacy education is to ensure an appropriate understanding of how drugs work within the context of individual patient responses. Pharmacology for Pharmacy and the Health Sciences is specifically designed to meet this challenge. The book provides an understanding of drug action at the cellular and molecular level, which is interfaced seamlessly with an explanation of the clinical use of drugs to treat common clinical conditions. Taking a novel patient-centred approach, the book features a series of embedded workbooks, which develop clinical topics in the context of individual patients and their experience of illness, to relate the scientific basis of pharmacology to real-life pharmacy practice. The workbooks provide a highly structured student-directed educational environment in which the reader understands more and memorises less. They help the reader to interpret presenting symptoms, hospital clinical clerking and patient history notes, and understand the therapeutic strategy and clinical outcome, all within a simple student-friendly format. The patient-centred approach does not come at the expense of providing a sound scientific framework: each workbook is preceded by an explanation of the pathophysiology of the clinical conditions featured, and the pharmacological basis of the drugs used in each therapeutic area. Pharmacology for Pharmacy and Health Sciences is the perfect course companion for anyone needing to develop a solid understanding of pharmacology and its impact on pharmacy and clinical practice. Online Resource Centre The Online Resource Centre to accompany Pharmacology for Pharmacy and Health Science features the following: For registered adopters: Figures from the book, available to download. PDF versions of all Workbooks appearing in the text. Suggested answers to questions posed within the Workbooks.


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Spring Break: Comparative Biogeography of Pacific Island Plants
DESCRIPTION: The aim of this project is to compare the biogeographic patterns of two large and cosmopolitan plant families to better understand the overall movement of plants and origin of floras in the Pacific oceanic islands. Interns will use the collections housed at the US National Herbarium as well as primary and secondary literature to determine which genera and species of Leguminosae occur on Pacific islands; whether these species are native, endemic, or invasive/naturalized; and where the closest relatives of these taxa are found.
QUALIFICATIONS: Strong interest in botany and/or biogeography; standard computer skills and familiarity with word processing and spreadsheet software (e.g. Word, Excel); attention to detail.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Interns will gain experience in the following areas: collections based research; literature research and interpretation; databasing; biogeographic principles; and the Pacific flora
TIMETABLE: Spring Break
Project Contact Name: Vicki Funk and Aleks Radosavljevic
Phone: _PHONE_
E-mail: _EMAIL_


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Mountain Sandwort, Minuartia glabra
Catoctin Creek Glade
Photograph by R.H. Wiegand
This small, white-flowered plant was unknown in Maryland until discovered by a Maryland Natural Heritage Program ecologist in 1989.
Mountain Sandwort, Minuartia glabra, flowers in July on open areas underlain by basalt or granite.†The plant is scattered throughout the upper latitudes of the northern hemisphere, but this basalt glade on Catoctin Mountain is its only know location in Maryland, where it is listed as State Endangered.
Finding and monitoring unique habitats and species, such as the Mountain Sandwort, are the primary responsibility of the Maryland Natural Heritage Program. This field work provides the basis for further research and protection efforts.
Plants and Wildlife
- Natural Heritage Program
- Guide to Marylandís Natural Areas
- Maryland Natural Areas News
- Maryland Wildlife Lists
- Rare, Threatened & Endangered Species
- Rare, Threatened & Endangered Plants
- Rare, Threatened & Endangered Animals
- Natural Plant Communities
- Invasive and Exotic Species
- Maryland's Wildlife Diversity Conservation Plan
- Game Mammals
- Game Birds
- Wildlife Problems?
- Digital Data & Products
- Environmental Review
- Birding in Maryland
- The Migratory Bird Treaty Act
- Maryland Naturalist Organizations
- Contact Us

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Preserving The Past Through Modern Designs
Here at Martin Walsh Architectural (MWA), we understand the symbolic importance that buildings can possess. The cultural and historic value held within the bricks and mortar withstands the tests of time and extends throughout the communities in which they sit.
Although it is critical to preserve the heritage of our historical buildings, without the ability to evolve to meet with the needs of modern society they are at risk of falling into disrepair and becoming unfit for use.
To prevent the decline of older structures that have often shaped the communities around them, an innovative and adaptive remodelling process must be taken to ensure they remain functional and practical for now and years to come.
This is evident in the changing requirements of educational institutes. As the UK is seeing a younger population continuing to grow, the need for schools that are practical and suitable for the evolving educational landscape has never been as high.
Building for space
This is why space is essential. Yet, the lack of space is also the biggest challenge historic schools are now facing.
In recent years, we have seen an ongoing trend of classrooms becoming larger and more flexible to help promote a multidisciplinary learning environment. This new approach has undoubtedly been accelerated by the Covid-19 crisis, with social distancing now being essential throughout all educational settings.
Implementing these structural changes are a luxury that historic schools do not always have. When inadequate outdoor space prevents expansion and funding limitations exist, altering the internal structure of these buildings is often the solution, but one that requires a creative and inventive approach.
This is exactly what the MWA team had to do when presented with a unique brief at Batley Grammar School. Founded in 1612, Batley Grammar required a larger library, resource centre and additional classrooms that would be able to work together to complement the buildings notable features.
Batley Grammar School
Re-modelled hall, creating a library out of thin air!
To maximise the size of the rooms and take advantage of the high ceilings that usually accompany traditional buildings, we quickly identified an opportunity to expand the unused old hall and school library. To ensure each square inch was utilised, the MWA team installed a steel mezzanine floor in the hall to create a much larger functional space.
The ground floor of the old hall was also split into a new corridor, stairwell, and a large classroom with an acoustic moveable partition wall. The introduction of a partitioned wall enabled multi-use and multipurpose classrooms.
Having a design layout that is flexible and agile enables the same space to be enhanced to form distinctive areas without the need to extend the building or budget. Find out more about about this project here.
Maintaining historical integrity
Although the remodelling process must breathe new life into older school buildings, it must also work hard to remain sensitive to their historical integrity, character and heritage for future generations to enjoy.
Not only can the foundations and structure act as an educational tool for the teachers, but pupils can form a more meaningful attachment to their local community and develop a stronger sense of pride about where they are from.
As well as the cultural value this will provide, combining modern functionalities with a schools' cultural heritage will create a more inclusive and positive educational experience.
Calling upon our expertise to make buildings work harder, the MWA team set out a design vision that gave Batley Grammar School the opportunity to put a bigger spotlight on two stain glass windows that had been bestowed to the school in 1918.
Previously obstructed from view after an older extension, the stained-glass windows were repositioned within the newly formed hallway to allow pupils and teachers alike to enjoy their beauty.
Education setting do not need to be held back when it comes to finding more space, with imagination and architectural skill we can help create the space that is much-needed within the current climate and to meet the expectations of our youngsters.
"When inadequate outdoor space prevents expansion and funding limitations exist, altering the internal structure of buildings is often the solution, but one that requires a creative and inventive approach.
Marcus Walsh
Director, MWA


Spiritual Power Words: Consequence
The Mundane Meaning of Consequence
Consequence is defined as "something produced by a cause or necessarily following from a set of conditions". We face natural, logical, and unintended consequences every day. But what does it mean to understand the spiritual meaning of "consequence"?
The Spiritual in Consequences
"We are free to choose our paths, but we can't choose the consequences that come with them." (Sean Covey, The 7 Habits Of Highly Effective Teens) and "We all make choices, but in the end, our choices make us." (Ken Levine, Game Developer). Seeing life through a spiritual lens means seeing the string of consequences that connect to make us how and who we are.
Natural consequences flow in expected ways because of the laws of nature and the science of life. If I choose to train my body to be stronger by lifting weights, then picking up heavier and heavier objects over the course of my training will be a natural and logical consequence. Being sought after to play on my high school football team by the coach who notices me at the gym would be an unintended consequence.
To be spiritual with this concept means addressing consequences as purposeful lessons that may easily span this lifetime as well as previous ones. Opening the mind to past lives opens us to dealing with consequences that may have a mundane explanation but crucial spiritual implications.
Spiritual Consequence in Mundane Explanations
Let me share a personal story to illustrate my point. I am adopted. My adoption was a consequence of my birth mother getting pregnant at a young age in a time when abortion was not legal (1968). She was from a family of means, so her pregnancy was managed by sending her to a "boarding school" where she could have me and put me up for adoption, leaving no "stain" on the family.
My adopting mother could not have children, so foster care or adoption were her only options. As a consequence of her infertility, she and my adoptive father had to pursue adoption to become parents. These two consequences merged in May of 1968 after my birth in April and I was adopted. My adoption was a blessing for me and resulted in a very positive and wonderful childhood, and largely successful life.
Through my life journey, and my professional practice, I have come to learn that my very positive childhood is much rarer than I presumed. With a spiritual view and many past life regressions, I have come to understand that my good life in this lifetime is a consequence of some very harsh past lives where I attempted to do my best for others but suffered greatly. While my adoption was the result of certain choices leading to certain consequences, my adoption by the people who gave me such a good life and tremendous love was a consequence of my soul's spiritual work and journey.
Navigating Negative Consequences to Grow the Soul
I meet clients at very hard times in their lives, when they are dealing with some very negative consequences because of unwise choices – trapped in a loveless or even abusive relationship, struggling with unsatisfying work, or dealing with loneliness and apathy. They are a mix of consequences of their own making and being caught in the wake of choices made by others. Much of the work we address is facing the consequences that brought them to their intersection with spiritual work as a way to address the consequences of their lives.
When we do not face the consequences of our choices, or we are not held accountable, not only do we suffer, but so does the world in both small and large ways. When we allow the consequences of other's actions to define us long after we become strong or aware enough to challenge those consequences, we fail to grow spiritually. Our soul atrophies. When we become conscious of the path of consequences in our lives, we can make more informed choices to lead to better and better consequences.
I have always been a helpful person, which I understand to be a quality of my soul and a consequence of my adoption, as I chose to understand it and interpret it through my youth and early adulthood. Being adopted, for me, was filled with a profound gratitude that made me willing to help others as a "payment" for the gift of my adoption, but I did not establish healthy boundaries to protect my spirit and psyche, causing me to have a breakdown in 2009, a consequence of me always saying yes to others even when I did not have energy for myself.
Shaping Consequences
After my breakdown, which lasted nearly four years, I learned from the consequences that brought me to the lowest place I have been in my life. Some were part of this lifetime and some were part of past lifetimes. I had to face the consequences of my choices as well as the consequences of the choices of people around me who affected my life. In a few cases, one of the epiphanies was to move certain people out of my life so I would not be swept up in the consequences of their decisions.
Ironically, I began to emerge out of my breakdown period when I started my spiritual advising practice in 2013. In the years that followed, I worked very hard to understand my purpose, which with each passing day of better understanding and practice, I began to see better and better consequences in my life – natural, logical, and unintended.
There Are No Shortcuts
Consequences exist to teach us. Whether we learn or not is often a matter of intelligence, awareness, and willingness. There is often a surprisingly fine line between blame and cause, between excuses and reasons, between victimhood and empowerment. At the spiritual level, there are actually no unintended consequences. This claim is not about fate, but about lessons. An unintended consequence is simply a natural and logical consequence we cannot see until "after the fact".
We live empowered when we are willing to "face the consequences" even if they are the result of someone else's actions. If we learn that the behavior of another person, by virtue of their power in our lives, rains consequences down on us, then we must find a way to change the consequences or accept them as necessary lessons if we cannot change them. My birth mother was forced to put me up for adoption and a host of consequences followed well before my consciousness and understanding of my adoption became part of my aware experience.
I am an adopted person and I could choose to be angry or hurt because of the consequences that resulted in that life path, not of my choosing. But I have had the pleasure to meet my birth parents and learn their stories, and see how my spiritual path is a consequence of their choices, while recognizing that I have worked hard to empower myself to be more and more in charge of my choices, and better able to face consequences in a way that gives me a positive life.
Philip Young, PhD
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Most people don't think "information management" when they hear "customer experience."
But in a world where fresh competition seems to emerge almost daily, the task of providing an exceptional customer experience demands a collaborative effort from every corner of the organization.
In order to achieve the cohesion necessary to enhance customer experience and satisfaction, we must lay the groundwork for effective information management and document collaboration.
Some businesses may find that providing employees with the right collaboration tools is the key to enhancing overall customer experience, while others may find an opportunity to apply these principles even more broadly as part of their customer acquisition and retention strategies.
Whichever applies to your organization, these three approaches to modernizing information management can revolutionize the relationship between your organization and your customer.
1. Bring Order to Document Disarray
Having instant access to information in one place is no longer considered a luxury — especially when it relates to customers.
According to a recent Forrester report, 79 percent of knowledge workers directly communicate and collaborate with customers. Yet the ever-expanding assortment of CRM systems, cloud-based storage options and communication tools can make accessing and organizing information a challenge.
With such a high percentage of your workforce interfacing with customers, it's essential to simplify the way information is organized, documented and communicated across all departments.
An integrated business suite can reduce the superfluous time it takes to find and utilize order or contract details, customer information and other transactional intricacies that may be spread across different programs. For example, integrating document collaboration solutions with CRM platforms allows any employee across the organization to easily access all customer information and documentation, in context, with just a few clicks.
Integrating document collaboration solutions can also enhance overall employee productivity.
Independent analyst firm Nucleus Research found that using an integrated suite can help companies accelerate financial close times by up to 50 percent, increase sales productivity by 12.5 percent, raise inventory turns by 50 percent, and cut order processing time by up to 66 percent. These efficiencies create new opportunities to benefit the customer more quickly and competently — whether it's closing a sale, processing an order or offering excellent customer support.
2. Provide Around-the-Clock Accessibility
The days of employees remaining confined to their desks for eight consecutive hours are gone. Modern knowledge workers embrace a more fluid approach to "the office," often working remotely, operating on flexible hours or staying on call to address any urgent issues.
These adjustments to daily workflow create the need to provide employees with 24/7/365 access to their documents and workflows. Employees need the ability to not just access their files, but to work with them accordingly, from editing and signing to annotating and sharing with colleagues or customers.
Likewise, customers don't operate on a 9-to-5 basis. Allowing your employees universal access to their documents enables them to be productive and impactful at any time of day, especially when your customers need it most.
In our fast-paced world, quick response times and extraordinary customer relationships can set you apart from the competition while driving customer acquisition, retention and loyalty.
3. Enable Innovation
When employees are given a simple way to collaborate effectively, a new culture of innovation is born. Google commissioned an international study that discovered an 81 percent positive correlation between collaboration and innovation.
Enabling employees to brainstorm together is an invaluable part of making a product more valuable to consumers. Thanks to advances in document collaboration, employees benefit from real-time visibility and seamless information sharing that can bolster fresh ideas and renewed innovation.
IBM recently explored this link between collaborative corporate environments, innovation and the customer experience. Its study revealed that "extensively collaborative" companies performed better than their peers, and companies that collaborated with external sources, such as customers and partners, made more money than those that didn't.
Happiness is Contagious
As businesses generate and process increasing amounts of complex information, CIOs and IT are under new pressure to prioritize information management and implement strategies that benefit the customer.
Yet at the root of these efforts, we must remember that the most direct route to an exceptional customer experience is through a happy workforce.
By saving time, reducing frustration and promoting organization, strategic information management can empower employees to work more efficiently and enrich performance. With the right tools and effective collaboration strategies, employees can streamline their efforts to spend less time on common annoyances — and more time providing an excellent customer experience. And if the customer is happy, everyone's happy.
Title image "Happy" (CC BY 2.0) by jwerkman


text: At least one indication in every list box has to be made to show a result for each variable. When you wish to see one or a few variables, mark these only. N.B. To undo a mark, press the button CTRL and click the mouse button on the text. To select all lines in a list box: - Mark the first line in the list box. Then press the buttons SHIFT and END simultaneously. To select/undo a marked line in a list box: - Press the button CTRL and click the left mouse button on the selected line simultaneously. To select more than one line in a list box: - Mark lines in a row by pressing the left mouse button and slip it over the requested lines. Or, mark the first line on your list and then press the button SHIFT at the same time as you press the up or down arrows on the keyboard. - Mark lines, not in a row, by pressing the button CTRL at the same time as you click the left mouse button on the requested lines. To search for a specific value in the list box: - Mark the first line in the list box. Then type the first letter in the line requested. If you fail in getting the right line, try the typing again until you find the right value. Or use the up or down arrows or the mouse button to look further.


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How do I Become a Landscape Industry Certified Technician/Certified Retail Horticulturist?
Steps to Getting Started
- Complete the registration form
- Purchase a study manual
- Receive your test book, plant list and description of the testing stations and STUDY.
- Remember Safety is the key to success. (please read our SAFETY POLICY)
- Enjoy your status as one of North America's Qualified, Trusted, Recognized horticultural professionals.
Prior Industry Experience:
It is strongly recommended that candidates have at least 2,000 hours (1 year) of landscape via showbox for ios industry experience.
The certification of an individual's competency is accomplished through a series of written and hands-on evaluations.
- Written exams are designed to measure an overall showbox comprehension of the trade.
- The written portion of the exam is usually taken just prior to the hands-on test and is generally 2.5 hours long. All written portions are also usually offered by your provincial association at industry events.
- The hands-on tests measure an individual's level of competence through a series of stations.
- The candidate is required to successfully perform specific tasks within a specified period of time in the presence of a qualified industry judge.
- Depending on the industry sector, a total of up to 11 stations must completed successfully.
- A minimum grade of 70% is required for all problems before certification status can be obtained.
A pre-evaluating orientation process is also available in most provinces.


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I wish to simplify a sum by doing "simplify sum_{a=0}^L f(a)" where $f(a)$ is just some arbitrary expression, but I want to only do the sum when some condition is met.
Using the Iverson brackets, I am trying to do "simplify sum_{a=0}^L [some condition] f(a)" if that makes sense.
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You might be able use boole, which returns $0$ or $1$ depending on whether it's argument is True or False. Thus, for $n=10$, Euler's phi function $\varphi(n)$ (which counts the number of positive integers less than and relatively prime to $n$) can be expressed as
sum boole(gcd(i,10)=1), i=1..10
enter image description here
Of course, it's hard to say for sure, since you don't mention your specific application. This method of computing $\varphi(n)$, however, happens to be Wikipedia's first example application of Iverson brackets.
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One of the configuration variables we can find in the solrconfig.xml file is maxBooleanClauses, which specifies the maximum number of boolean clauses that can be combined in a single query. The question is, do I have to worry about it when using filters in Solr? Let's try to answer that question without getting into Lucene and Solr source code.
Let's assume that we have the following query we want to change:
q=category:1 AND category:2 AND category:3... AND category:2000
Sending such a query to the Solr instance with the default configuration would result in the following exception: "too many boolean clauses". Of course we could modify the maxBooleanClauses variable in solrconfig.xml file and get rid of the exception, but let's try do it the other way:
Let's change the query to use filters
So, we change the above query to use filters – the fq parameter:
q=*:*&fq=category:(1 2 3... 2000)
We send the query to Solr and … and again the same situation happens – exception with the "too many boolean clauses" message. It happens because Solr has to "calculate" filter content and thus run the appropriate query. So, let's modify the query once again:
Final query change
After the final modification our query should look like this:
After sending such a query we will get the search results (of course if there are documents matching the query in the index). This time Solr didn't have to run a single, large boolean query and that's why we didn't exceed the maxBooleanClauses limit.
To sum up
As you can see the answer to the question asked in the begining of the post depend on the query we want to run. If our query is using AND boolean operator we can use fq parameter because multiple fq parameters are concatenated using AND. However if we have to use OR we would have to change the limit defined by maxBooleanClauses configuration variable. But please remember that changing this limit can have a negative effect on performance and memory usage.
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Temple Flat Rock
Temple Flat Rock – Stewardship and Management Summary
Location: Temple Rock lies at the end of a farm lane about four miles northeast of Knightdale
Property Description: Temple Flat Rock is named for the mostly undisturbed granitic outcrop located in the northwestern part of the property. The outcrop flora is unique and contains several endemic species found only on granitic outcrops. TFR flatrocks are some of the best examples in the piedmont. The granite outcrops are surrounded by about 5 acres of mature oak-hickory forest as well as some cutover forests on adjacent properties.
In addition to this forested area, the property also has about 13 acres of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) and a 17acres old agricultural field that have been cultivated since the early 1900s. TLC has been working for several years to convert this field to a native piedmont prairie.
Bobwhite quail and other animals will benefit from habitat restoration at Temple Flat Rock.
Conservation Values: The flatrocks are an almost completely undisturbed exposure of the Rolesville Granite Batholith, and are located near the fall-line which separates the Piedmont and Coastal Plain geomorphic regions. The outcrop is about 5250 square meters and slopes gently to the west. Various successional stages are represented on the outcrop from primary succession, represented by mosses and lichens at the edge of bare rock, through various herbaceous stages, to a a dry oak-hickory climax community. The rock is in pristine condition, with essentially no trash. A small amount of logging has taken place over the years prior to TLC's ownership, and Hurricane Fran in 1996 blew down additional trees. However, this damage has had little or no impact to the flatrock flora. This is one of the most aesthetically pleasing flatrocks in the Piedmont. The site is a Registered Natural Heritage Site and home to many unique endemic outcrop species.
Piedmont Prairies have become extremely rare in this region and many native plants and wildlife species have suffered. The open habitat of this 17 acre piedmont prairie establishment will support a variety of warm season native grasses, forbs and associated species increasing the areas biodiversity. Many endemic native animals and migratory bird species utilize these critical habitats. It will also demonstrate ecological conditions as they were prior to the arrival of European settlers. Over 149 species of butterflies have been documented on the preserve as well as 44 species of lichen.
Public Benefit Values:
Safeguarding Clean Water - Water Quality Protection of Streams and Waterways – The property provides upland buffer and filtration for Hodges Creek.
Protecting Wildlife Habitat - The granitic outcrops and prairie protect unique habitat systems of the piedmont and their associated species
Wildlife Habitat Improvement and Protection including:
- Granitic Flatrocks
- Migratory and nesting birds
- Open prairie with warm season grasses
- Unfragmented forest habitat
Connecting People with Nature - The outcrops and prairies provide opportunities for scientific education and outreach. The increase in migratory bird activity will provide birders opportunities to see unique and uncommon species. The ecological restoration of the prairie site offers hands-on volunteering experiences for area schools and universities.
Temple Flat Rock Property Management Objectives:
- To preserve the natural, educational, recreational, and aesthetic value of the property which contains a granitic flatrock and a unique and unusual flora and excellent examples of primary succession on bare rock
- To preserve the habitat and rare species located on the flatrocks
- To restore the old fields to piedmont prairies
Summary of Improvements: 25ft wide access corridor leading from Watkins Rd; gate along road and at the entrance to the main property; several trails lead to the flatrocks, around the prairie and woods
Summary of Restrictions: To be open to the public for scientific and educational purposes
Potential Threats to Conservation Values or areas of Concern:
- Dumping of trash and debirs
- Off Road vehicle use
- Invasive and non-native plant species.
Relevant Inventories and Plans:
Baseline Documentation Report (1995) Rahlff F. Ingle
Forest Stewardship Plan (2009)
Wake County Natural Heritage Inventory (2003) Harry LeGrand, Jr. and Christine Wiecek
Butterfly Inventory (2002) Shay Garriock
Soil Survey (2000) Rich Hayes and Mathew Arnsberger
Trefoil Study, Lotus unifoliatus, (2007) Robert N. Masson and Jon M. Stucky
"All I want is to sit on my porch and see tomorrow what I see today...and I want my grandchildren to see it too."


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Australian Bureau of Statistics
1362.1 - Regional Statistics, New South Wales, 2004
Latest ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 27/05/2004
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Where are the greenest households in New South Wales?
The Northern Beaches Statistical Region (SR) recycled 99% of household waste, compared to 95% for all New South Wales (NSW) households in March 2003, according to figures released by the Australian Bureau of Statistics today.
Northern Beaches SR also led the way in the re-use of household waste (98%), compared to any other region of the state (80% for all of NSW).
From Bourke to Bankstown and from Dubbo to Deniliquin, other highlights from Regional Statistics New South Wales include:
Further information is in Regional Statistics New South Wales 2004 (cat. no. 1362.1).
Media Note: This publication includes information on labour force status, educational attainment, crime, population, births, deaths, building statistics, hotels and motels and local council finances for different regions of NSW. It also features information on environmental issues, community preparedness for emergencies, and census data on dwelling structure and tenure type.
These documents will be presented in a new window.
This page last updated 8 December 2006


text:
End Invoke(IAsyncResult) Method
Some information relates to prerelease product that may be substantially modified before it's released. Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied, with respect to the information provided here.
Retrieves the return value of the asynchronous operation represented by the IAsyncResult passed.
public: virtual System::Object ^ EndInvoke(IAsyncResult ^ asyncResult);
public object EndInvoke (IAsyncResult asyncResult);
public object? EndInvoke (IAsyncResult asyncResult);
abstract member EndInvoke : IAsyncResult -> obj override this.EndInvoke : IAsyncResult -> obj
Public Function EndInvoke (asyncResult As IAsyncResult) As Object
The Object generated by the asynchronous operation.
asyncResult parameter value is
asyncResult object was not created by a preceding call of the BeginInvoke(Delegate) method from the same control.
If the asynchronous operation has not been completed, this function will block until the result is available.
In addition to the InvokeRequired property, there are four methods on a control that are thread safe: Invoke, BeginInvoke, EndInvoke, and CreateGraphics if the handle for the control has already been created. Calling CreateGraphics before the control's handle has been created on a background thread can cause illegal cross thread calls. For all other method calls, you should use one of the invoke methods to marshal the call to the control's thread.


text:
Alan L. Yuille, Anand Rangarajan
We introduce the Concave-Convex procedure (CCCP) which con(cid:173) structs discrete time iterative dynamical systems which are guar(cid:173) anteed to monotonically decrease global optimization/energy func(cid:173) tions. It can be applied to (almost) any optimization problem and many existing algorithms can be interpreted in terms of CCCP. In particular, we prove relationships to some applications of Legendre transform techniques. We then illustrate CCCP by applications to Potts models, linear assignment, EM algorithms, and Generalized Iterative Scaling (GIS). CCCP can be used both as a new way to understand existing optimization algorithms and as a procedure for generating new algorithms.


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Voices of the Poor
A multicountry research initiative to understand poverty through the eyes of the poor, the Voices of the Poor project was undertaken to inform the World Bank's activities and the World Development Report 2000/2001. It provides a unique and detailed picture of life of the poor and explains the constraints they face in a way that more traditional survey techniques do not capture well. Each volume demonstrates the importance of voice and power in poor people's definition of poverty. The consultation involved 23 countries, reaching 200 communities and 20,000 people.


Using old HDD motors
Hard drives have high-speed low-profile motors that can be re-used. More often than not it's the logic board that fails in a hard drive and the motors are OK
This is a simple program for a PIC16F84 that changes the bit pattern for switching the FET coil drivers. The most important part of this program is the table of values stored in the EEPROM, because this pattern sets the phase relationships between the FETs and consequently the voltage waveforms that the coils see. The oscillator speed of the PIC is not important in this particular program as the changes are being instigated by an external clock.
The motor needs to be started at a low speed (less than about 6 revs/second) and slowly accelerated to the final required speed. You can hear this acceleration as a rising whine in a working drive in a PC when it powers up after being shut down. If the final speed is always to be the same then a routine could be written in the micro that slowly decreases the interruption of a timer loop to accelerate the motor from low power-up speed to final speed.
Hard drives with this motor usually run at 3000rpm (50 revs/second) when working in a PC, but the speed can be set anywhere from a few revs/sec up to about 55 rps, at which point the motor will not be able to keep up with the driving wave and stop. At 12V the torque is not too bad, and the bolt holes that are used to attach the platters can be used to fix a pulley or gear wheel for a step-down motion drive. Other uses could be spinning a propellor clock, fan, or sensor. At 5V supply the motor will still spin at the same speed as it would at 12V (because it's being driven by a frequency) but has very low torque. It will not self-start at 5V. Current consumptions are ;
12V 10rps ( 600rpm) 200mA
12V 50rps (3000rpm) 110mA
 5V 10rps ( 600rpm) 40mA
 5V 50rps (3000rpm) 20mA
The motor should be mounted on a heatsinking chassis to help keep it cool if run for extended periods. The FETs (rated at 0.7A to 1.1A) will normally run cool
Download HDD motor driver
Typical HDD motor (Shinano Tokki Corp or Sankyo from a Conner CP3010)
;hddmotor.asm - driver for 3-coil HDD motor
;Look for external clock on a3 and change FET-driving bit pattern
clock equ porta.3 ;i/p clock
;EEPROM bit patterns
ee1 dbee 24h ;100 100
ee2 dbee 36h ;110 110
ee3 dbee 12h ;010 010
ee4 dbee 1bh ;011 011
ee5 dbee 09h ;001 001
ee6 dbee 2dh ;101 101
index rb ;RAM byte for counter
movlw 08h
tris porta
movlw 00h
tris portb
movlw 80h
clrf index
movlw 24h
movwf portb
clocklo ;main loop
btfss clock ;wait for ext clock to go high
goto clocklo
change ;
movf index,w ;get next bit pattern from EE
movwf eeadr
call readee
movwf portb
incf index,f
movlw 06 ;loop for 6 EE locations
xorwf index,w
btfss zero
goto clockhi
clrf index
clockhi ;
btfsc clock ;wait for clock low
goto clockhi
goto clocklo ;next clock, next pattern
readee ;get next pattern
bsf rp0
bsf rd
bcf rp0
movf eedata,w
Other useful bits in hard drives
One of the things disks can be used for is making wind chimes. Below is a picture of some in my stash recovered from various drives. From top to bottom in the pile are 65mm, 95mm and 130mm disks. Under that is a picture of the two types of finishes. On the left is the older red copper and on the right is the newer bronze, which can be anything from light smokey brown to almost black. Both are very smooth and reflective. The bronze ones tend to be thinner and so have a better ring, whereas the red copper ones have more of a clungy bell sound. The best way to hang either is to have minimal contact by forming a wire "V" for the disk to sit in. The "V" has a flat at the bottom of it at least as wide as the thickness of the disk. Doing this allows the disk to vibrate freely, more so for a disk that's suspended close to the centre hole. Either 4, 5 or 6 disks can be hung from threads or wires (shown here using some enamelled wire scavenged from an old TV choke) and allowed to swing into each other, or the disks can be hit by a centre clanger. Or both if you want a lot of noise (personally I like my peace and quiet and generally make them only for people who don't live near me!!)


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About Dr. Gholdy Muhammad
Gholnecsar Muhammad (Gholdy Muhammad) is currently an associate professor at Georgia State University teaching literacy and language in the Department of Middle and Secondary Education. She began her career as a reading, language arts and social studies middle school teacher in Cahokia, Illinois.
After teaching in the classroom, she served as a school district assistant curriculum director and was responsible for kindergarten through 12th-grade literacy instruction, grant writing, assessments and professional development.
Muhammad received her Ph.D. in literacy, language and culture at the University of Illinois at Chicago. Her research interests are situated in social and historical foundations of literacy development within Black communities and the writing practices among Black women and girls. She explores 19th-century Black literary societies to understand literacy development and how the roles of literacy can be reconceptualized in classrooms today.
She became interested in this line of research when she led a summer writing institute with Black girls called, Black Girls WRITE!. She continues to hold summer literacy programs with Black and Brown youth as well as Muslim girls. She explores how historical practices among communities of color can be used with adolescent learners today.
Some of the journals she has published articles in include, Research in the Teaching of English, English Education, Urban Education, Journal of Adolescent and Adult Literacy and Written Communication.
Additionally, she serves as the director of the Georgia State Urban Literacy Collaborative and Clinic. She strives to shape the national conversation for educating youth who have been underserved. She also strives to support the next generation of educators who are seeking pathways to meet some of the most pressing challenges encountered in urban schools.
She works with teachers and youth across the United States and South Africa in best practices in literacy instruction. Currently, she is working in Harlem schools in conjunction with writing her forthcoming book entitled, Historically Responsive Literacy.
She is a former school board president and continues to work collaboratively with local schools across communities in the Atlanta metropolitan area.
Muhammad is the 2014 recipient of the National Council of Teachers of English, Promising New Researcher Award, the 2015 NCTE Alan C. Purves Award, the 2016 NCTE Janet Emig awardee, the 2017 Georgia State University Urban Education Research Awardee and the 2018 UIC College of Education Researcher of the Year.
In Cultivating Genius, Dr. Muhammad presents a four-layered equity framework–one that is grounded in history and restores excellence in literacy education. This framework, which she names, Historically Responsive Literacy, was derived from the study of literacy development within 19th-century Black literacy societies. The framework is essential and universal for all students, especially youth of color, who traditionally have been marginalized in learning standards, school policies, and classroom practices. The equity framework will help educators teach and lead toward the following learning goals or pursuits:
- Identity Development–Helping youth to make sense of themselves and others
- Skill Development– Developing proficiencies across the academic disciplines
- Intellectual Development–Gaining knowledge and becoming smarter
- Criticality–Learning and developing the ability to read texts (including print and social contexts) to understand power, equity, and anti-oppression
When these four learning pursuits are taught together–through the Historically Responsive Literacy Framework, all students receive profound opportunities for personal, intellectual, and academic success. Muhammad provides probing, self-reflective questions for teachers, leaders, and teacher educators as well as sample culturally and historically responsive sample plans and text sets across grades and content areas. In this book, Muhammad presents practical approaches to cultivate the genius in students and within teachers.


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A modern dictionary of Catholic terms, both common and obscure. Find accurate definitions of words and phrases.
INCREASE OF MERIT
Factors that increase a person's supernatural reward for good works performed in the state of grace. There are four such factors: 1. the degree of sanctifying grace in which a person does some morally good action; 2. the intensity of will with which an act is done; 3. the sublimity of the action performed; and 4. the purity of love or selflessness that animates the performance. Difficulties of themselves do not increase supernatural merit, but, provided that a difficulty is not culpable, it normally demands additional effort of will and thus indirectly adds to the merit derived from a morally good act done in the state of grace.
All items in this dictionary are from Fr. John Hardon's Modern Catholic Dictionary, © Eternal Life. Used with permission.


text:
Select the product you need help with
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How to extract information from Office files by using Office file formats and schemas
Article ID: 840817 - View products that this article applies to.
If you have to extract information from Microsoft Excel workbooks, Microsoft PowerPoint presentations, or Microsoft Word documents, you can use several methods. These methods include API programming calls, Office Open XML, XML, RTF, or HTML. If these methods do not address your needs, you may be eligible to participate in a Royalty-Free File Format Program and to receive technical documentation for certain Microsoft Office binary file formats.
This article describes several techniques that are available for extracting information from Excel workbooks, PowerPoint presentations, and Word documents.
Office Open XMLThe Office Open XML Formats are designed so that multiple applications on multiple platforms can create and access Office Open XML documents. By using the Office Open XML Format, you can directly manipulate the file format. You do not have to use Microsoft Office applications to create or to access the files.
Benefits of Office Open XML
_URL_ visit the following OpenXMLDeveloper.org Web site:
_URL_ Office Open XML Formats use the Open Packaging Conventions to store the Office Open XML file information on disk. For more information about the Open Packaging Conventions as used by Office Open XML, see the Office Open XML v1.0 draft, part 2, "Open Packaging Conventions".
Office Application Programming Interfaces (APIs)Office binary file formats are designed to be accessed through the Office Application Programming Interfaces (APIs), instead of by direct manipulation of the file format. Because of the complexity of the formats, direct manipulation can cause corruption and is strongly discouraged.
For more information about the Office APIs, visit the following Microsoft Web site:
_URL_ Office 97-2003 binary file formats use the Windows Structured Storage APIs. The Office-specific information is stored as streams in this more generalized format. Common elements, such as document properties, can be accessed through the Structured Storage APIs and do not require access to the Office binary file format documentation.
For more information about the Windows Structured Storage APIs, visit the following Microsoft Web site:
_URL_ Microsoft Excel 2007 binary format (*.xlsb) stores binary records. This format uses the same part and packaging technologies that are found in SpreadsheetML. SpreadsheetML is part of the Office Open XML Format.
Important Reading or manipulating the structure directly can cause corruption and is strongly discouraged.
XMLXML is a plain-text, Unicode-based metalanguage (a language for defining markup languages). XML is not tied to any programming language, operating system, or software vendor. XML provides access to a plethora of technologies for manipulating, structuring, transforming, and querying data. As the use of XML has grown, it is now typically accepted that XML is not only useful for describing new document formats for the Web, but is also suitable to describe structured data. Examples of structured data include information that is typically contained in spreadsheets, program configuration files, and network protocols.
Microsoft Office includes support for XML schemas. Microsoft maintains a licensing program for certain Office XML schemas.
To learn more about Office XML schemas, visit the following Microsoft Web site to view the Microsoft Office System and XML: Bringing XML to the Desktop article:
Rich Text Format (RTF)The Rich Text Format (RTF) specification is a method of encoding formatted text and graphics for easy transfer between programs. The RTF specification provides a format for text and graphics interchange that can be used with different output devices, operating environments, and operating systems. RTF uses the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), PC-8, Macintosh, or IBM PC character set to control the representation and the formatting of a document, both on the screen and in print. With the RTF specification, documents that are created under different operating systems and that are created by using different software programs can be transferred between those operating systems and those programs.
For more information about how to write or how to implement a sample RTF reader, visit the following Microsoft Web site, and then type RTF Reader in the Search MSDN For box:
Visio XML schemaThrough the Microsoft documentation and a royalty-free license, customers and partners can take advantage of the XML schema in its diagramming and data visualization tool. The availability of the Visio schema provides a complete and W3C-compliant description of the Visio Extensible Markup Language (XML) file format, enabling organizations to access information captured in their Visio diagrams and uses it with other XML-enabled programs, such as customer relationship management (CRM) and enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, as part of their business processes. For more information and download capabilities, visit the following Microsoft Web site:
HTMLHTML files are text files that include the information that users will see, and tags that specify formatting information about how the information will be presented for display purposes. You can use HTML to store, distribute, and present Office documents and data in a format that can be viewed by using most Web browsers while retaining the rich content and functionality of Office documents.
Note In Microsoft Excel 2007, the HTML file format does not save features that are specific to Excel. Additionally, the HTML formal does not support or render all the features in Excel 2007 when you save a workbook as HTML.
For more information about how to edit HTML, visit the following Microsoft Web site:
_URL_ more information about how to work with code, HTML, and resource files, visit the following Microsoft Web site:
Royalty-Free File Format Programs
Microsoft Office Binary File FormatsMicrosoft makes its.doc,.xls,.xlsb, and.ppt binary file format specifications available under a royalty-free covenant not to sue to anyone who wishes to implement all or part of these specifications in their products. Implementation includes the ability to use the specification documentation for analysis and for forensic reference purposes.
Microsoft Office Drawing File Format for 2007 and Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) File Format for 2007 are also available under this program. The documentation that covers the binary file format specifications is cumulative and covers the most current form of the binary file formats as well as earlier versions.
Office Binary File Format specifications are available under the Open Specification Promise. To obtain documentation, visit the following Microsoft Web site:
Article ID: 840817 - Last Review: February 26, 2008 - Revision: 8.1


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The city estimated the increased fines will bring $5 million in new revenue targeted towards improving transportation. This is part of the commonwealth's Go Boston 2030 initiative announced in March of 2017. This long-term plan hopes to improve all facets of transportation in the area.
Go Boston 2030 is undertaking both shortand long-term projects: extending the Green Line; improving transit between the Longwood Medical Area and Jamaica Plain; creating a walking and biking route that parallels the Fairmount Indigo Line; and promoting safe travel for pedestrians, bikers, and drivers. Funding will come from multiple sources such as the city's capital plan, the MBTA, and MassDOT's Complete Streets program. These projects aim to reduce MBTA operating expenses and increase ridership. According to MassAnalysis, MBTA operating expenses were nearly $1.5 billion in 2016. The goal of $5 million in new fine revenue will aim to kick start the T's efforts to make Boston's public transportation more efficient.
Pioneer's research suggests a comprehensive plan for an integrated transportation system. Go Boston 2030 is the Commonwealth's attempt to do so; not only will it attempt to improve transportation agencies' fiscal condition, but allow different modes of transportation to become more efficient. In the next five, ten, and even fifteen years, it is salient to analyze its progress (just as Pioneer has done in the past) to see if the Go Boston 2030 is on track.
This increase in parking fines demonstrates the city's efforts to promote safe and efficient driving by deterring people from double parking, or parking in loading zones or fire lanes. Revenue will be put towards the long-term goal to create a more cohesive transportation system that supports the economy, the environment, and the people of Massachusetts.


Please see the following links for helpful mental health-related resources
National Suicide Prevention Lifeline
If you or someone you know is in crisis, call the free and confidential National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 800-273-TALK (8255). This line is staffed by a trained crisis counselor 24/7.
Maryland Early Intervention Program
The Strive for Wellness Clinic is part of the Maryland Early Intervention Program (EIP). The EIP is a collaborative effort among several centers focused on specialized programming in the early identification, evaluation, and comprehensive psychiatric treatment of adolescents and young adults at risk for, or in the early stages of, a mental illness with psychosis.
National Alliance on Mental Illness
The largest grassroots mental health organization in the United States. Resources are available for teens, young adults, and families. Local events can be found at: _URL_
Strive for Wellness statement on stigma:
Stigma is defined as a "mark of disgrace associated with a particular circumstance, quality, or person."
Sadly, many individuals experiencing mental illness are impacted by sigma. These stereotypes or prejudices lead of labeling and incorrect assumptions about those with mental illnesses. This can sometimes lead people having these experiences to internalize the negative stereotype and potentially transform their own identity.
When this happens, it leads to negative impacts on the potential for recovery.
Discrimination against those with mental illnesses is an example of stigma in action. It can limit a person's freedoms, and/or coerce or socially exclude them.
For many, experiences of stigma prevent individuals from seeking out potentially life-improving treatment and intervention.
 - Provide person-centered services in a nonjudgmental treatment environment
 - Actively protest negative myths about those with mental illness
 - Provide outreach and education to community and provider groups to educate others on mental illness and impacts of stigma


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The total population in Botswana was estimated at 2.4 million people in 2021, according to the latest census figures and projections from Trading Economics. source: Bank of Botswana
Looking back, in the year of 1960, Botswana had a population of 0.5 million people. This page provides the latest reported value for - Botswana Population - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news. Botswana Population - values, historical data and charts - was last updated on June of 2022.
Population in Botswana is expected to reach 2.45 Million by the end of 2022, according to Trading Economics global macro models and analysts expectations. In the long-term, the Botswana Population is projected to trend around 2.47 Million in 2023 and 2.48 Million in 2024, according to our econometric models.


The EU is Kazakhstan's main trade and investment partner, representing over one third of Kazakhstan's external trade and over a half of total foreign direct investment in Kazakhstan. Kazakhstan's exports to the EU are almost entirely in the oil and gas sectors, alongside other minerals, chemicals and food products. From the EU, Kazakhstan imports machinery and transport equipment and pharmaceuticals, alongside chemical products, plastics, medical devices and furniture.
Kazakh-EU relations have significantly strengthened in the last two decades and go beyond trade and investment ties or political dialogue. The EU and Kazakhstan succeeded in establishing other successful cooperation in areas such as energy, transport, environment, research and security.
As the EU is working to make relations with Central Asia stronger and deeper, Kazakhstan continues to play a key role in the process. At a recent meeting of the Cooperation Committee, the EU and Kazakhstan discussed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the importance of strengthened multilateralism. They also discussed the EU-Central Asia regional cooperation, including in the fields of security, counter-terrorism, fighting drug trafficking, and border management.
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text:
1. Wrap each section of tube with a 4-1/2-inch strip of colored paper. Secure with glue stick. Trace around the bottom of tube onto the foam to make circles for the wheels. Cut out the wheels and glue the tops to the sides of the paper-covered tubes. The wheels will hang down below the tubes. Glue two additional smaller wheels to each side of the train engine tube. Glue wooden stars to the center of all the wheels. Glue a craft stick across both sets of wheels on the engine.
2. Make two folds in a 4x2-inch rectangle of colored paper to make the engine cab. Cut a window in the two outer sections and then glue either side to the top of the engine car. Glue a spool funnel in front of the cab. Decorate the other cars with colored paper rectan6gles and stripes.
3. Cut the bottoms off the plastic cups. They will make the end caps to each train car. Carefully punch a hole in the center of the bottoms. Thread cord onto a darning needle and then string a cup bottom, paper tube, another cup bottom, and a spool. Repeat the process until all cars are strung. If you push the cup bottoms onto the train cars, they'll fit tightly.


phrases, sayings, proverbs and idioms at
Home button Home | Search the website Search | Phrase Dictionary | Dollars to doughnuts
The meaning and origin of the expression: Dollars to doughnuts
Browse phrases beginning with:
Dollars to doughnuts
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What's the meaning of the phrase 'Dollars to doughnuts'?
An outcome that is almost assured; a certainty.
What's the origin of the phrase 'Dollars to doughnuts'?
Dollars to doughnuts'Dollars to doughnuts' is one of several 'dollars to...' phrases, like 'dollars to buttons' and 'dollars to cobwebs', which date from 1884 (in G. W. Peck's Boss Book) and 1904 (in The Boston Herald) respectively. Buttons and cobwebs were presumably chosen for their obvious lack of value, but the expressions failed to catch on as they lacked the perky alliteration of 'dollars to doughnuts'.
This is, of course, an American phrase. It is occasionally spelled as 'dollars to donuts', which only emphasis its US origin as, outside the USA, a donut is most definitely a doughnut.
'Dollars to doughnuts' is a pseudo betting term, pseudo in that it didn't originate with actual betting involving doughnuts, but just as a pleasant-sounding alliterative phrase which indicated short odds - dollars are valuable but doughnuts aren't. The phrase parallels the earlier English betting expression 'a pound to a penny'.
The phrase appears to have originated in mid 19th century USA. The earliest citation I can find for it is in the newspaper The Daily Nevada State Journal, February 1876:
Whenever you hear any resident of a community attempting to decry the local paper... it's dollars to doughnuts that such a person is either mad at the editor or is owing the office for subscription or advertising.
It doesn't crop up again in print until some years later, apart from a similar citation in a March edition of the Nevada State Journal, which suggests that the (unnamed) author of those pieces either coined the term himself or appropriated some street slang that he had heard.


text:
this fact: see (Stein 1993, p. 139).
- ^ See his proof in the paper Uchiyama 1982.
- ^ When n = 3 or n = 2, Q is respectively a cube or a square, while when n = 1 the domain on integration is a bounded closed interval.
- ^ See the paper Garnett & Jones 1978 for the details.
- ^ An arc in the unit circle T can be defined as the image of a finite interval on the real line ℝ under a continuous function whose codomain is T itself: a simpler, somewhat naive definition can be found in the entry "Arc (geometry)".
- ^ See reference Stein 1993, p. 180.
- ^ See the reference paper by Garnett & Jones 1982 for a comprehensive development of these themes.
- ^ a b See reference Stein 1993, p. 140.
- ^ See reference Stein 1993, p. 197.
- Antman, Stuart (1983), "The influence of elasticity in analysis: modern developments", Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society 9 (3): 267–291, doi:10.1090/S0273-0979-1983-15185-6, MR714990, Zbl 0533.73001. A historical paper about the fruitful interaction of elasticity theory and mathematical analysis.
- Nirenberg, Louis (1985), "Commentary on [various papers]", in Moser, Jürgen, Fritz John: Collected Papers Volume 2, Contemporary Mathematicians, Boston–Basel–Stuttgart: Birkhäuser Verlag, pp. 703–710, ISBN 0-8176-3265-4, Zbl 0584.01025
- Fefferman, C. (1971), "Characterizations of bounded mean oscillation", Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society 77 (4): 587–588, doi:10.1090/S0002-9904-1971-12763-5, MR0280994, Zbl 0229.46051.
- Fefferman, C.; Stein, E.M. (1972), "Hp spaces of several variables", Acta Mathematica 129: 137–193, doi:10.1007/BF02392215, MR0447953, Zbl 0257.46078.
- Folland, G.B. (2001), "Hardy spaces", in Hazewinkel, Michiel, Encyclopaedia of Mathematics, Springer, ISBN 978-_PHONE_, _URL_
- Garnett, John. B; Jones, Peter W. (September 1978), "The distance in BMO to L∞", Annals of Mathematics, Second Series 108 (2): 373–393, doi:10.2307/_PHONE_, JSTOR _PHONE_, MR0506992, Zbl 0358.26010.
- Garnett, John. B; Jones, Peter W. (1982), "BMO from Dyadic BMO", Pacific Journal of Mathematics 99 (2): 351–371, MR0658065, Zbl 0516.46021, _URL_
- Girela, Daniel (2001), "Analytic functions of bounded mean oscillation", in Aulaskari, Rauno, Complex function spaces, Proceedings of the summer school, Mekrijärvi, Finland, August 30-September 3, 1999, Univ. Joensuu Dept. Math. Rep. Ser., 4, Joensuu: Joensuu University, Department of Mathematics, pp. 61–170, MR1820090, Zbl 0981.30026.
- John, F. (1961), "Rotation and strain", Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics 14 (3): 391–413, doi:10.1002/cpa._PHONE_, MR0138225, Zbl 0102.17404.
- John, F.; Nirenberg, L. (1961), "On functions of bounded mean oscillation", Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics 14 (3): 415–426, doi:10.1002/cpa._PHONE_, MR131498, Zbl 0102.04302.
- Stein, Elias M. (1993), Harmonic Analysis: Real-Variable Methods, Orthogonality, and Oscillatory Integrals, Princeton Mathematical Series, 43, Princeton, NJ,: Princeton University Press, pp. xiv+695, ISBN 0-691-03216-5, MR1232192, OCLC 27108521, Zbl 0821.42001, _URL_
- Uchiyama, Akihito (1982), "A constructive proof of the Fefferman-Stein decomposition of BMO(ℝn)", Acta Mathematica 148: 215–241, doi:10.1007/BF02392729, MR0666111, Zbl 0514.46018.
- Wiegerinck, J. (2001), "BMO space", in Hazewinkel, Michiel, Encyclopaedia of Mathematics, Springer, ISBN 978-_PHONE_, _URL_
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Edith Ewing Bouvier Beale
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Edith Ewing Bouvier Beale
Born Edith Ewing Bouvier
(1895-10-05)October 5, 1895
Nutley, New Jersey
Died February 5, 1977(1977-02-05) (aged 81)
Southampton, New York
Other names Big Edie
Spouse(s) Phelan Beale (1917–1931)
Children Edith Bouvier Beale
Phelan Beale, Jr.
Bouvier Beale
Parents John Vernou Bouvier II
Maude Sergeant Bouvier
Relatives aunt of Jacqueline Kennedy and Lee Radziwill
Edith Ewing Bouvier Beale (October 5, 1895 – February 5, 1977) was an American socialite and amateur singer, known for her eccentric lifestyle. She was a sister of John "Black Jack" Bouvier, the father of Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis. Her life and relationship with her daughter Edith Bouvier Beale were highlighted in the 1975 documentary Grey Gardens.
Early life[edit]
She was the daughter of John Vernou Bouvier, Jr. and Maude Sergeant Bouvier (the paternal grandparents of Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis). Beale's mother was the daughter of a wealthy paper manufacturer, and her father was a successful attorney who was appointed Major in the Judge Advocate Corps for the United States Army during World War I. He liked to be addressed as Major Bouvier and later invented a faux royal mythos of his Bouvier lineage in the privately printed Our Forebears, which gave his grandchildren the following quote: "The hallmark of aristocracy is responsibility."
Beale enjoyed a privileged upbringing along with her brothers John Vernou Bouvier III, William Sergeant "Bud" Bouvier (1893–1929), who died at a young age from alcoholism, and her red-headed twin sisters Maude Bouvier Davis (_PHONE_), mother of writer John H. Davis, and Michelle Bouvier Scott Putman (_PHONE_). Beale enjoyed photography, theatrical arts, and as a youth considered becoming a surgeon from her interest in physiology.
Marriage and children[edit]
Beale pursued an amateur singing career and in 1917 married lawyer/financier Phelan Beale (who worked at her father's law firm Bouvier and Beale) in a lavish ceremony at St. Patrick's Cathedral, New York. The couple lived at 987 Madison Avenue (now the site of the Carlyle Hotel). They had three children: daughter Edith (who was referred to as "Little Edie")—born November 7, 1917, and two sons (Phelan Beale, Jr.—born 1920, and Bouvier Beale—born 1922).
In 1923, Phelan Beale purchased the 28-room "Grey Gardens" mansion at number 3 West End Rd in the Georgica neighborhood of East Hampton, a block from the Atlantic Ocean. The Beales separated in 1931 when Little Edie was 14, with "Big Edie" retaining the Grey Gardens house. Beale received child support, but no form of alimony. She continued to pursue her singing career, giving recitals in her home and at local functions. Her sons went off to college and World War II duty and had families of their own.
When she showed up at her son's 1942 wedding dressed like an opera star, Edie's father, Major Bouvier, cut her mostly out of his will—leaving her only a small trust of $65,000 (Beale's mother Maude died in 1940 and Major Bouvier died in 1948). Beale became depressed and gained weight. She also had several eye operations in the 1940s. In 1946, Phelan Beale notified her of their divorce via telegram from Mexico. (Little Edie referred to it as a "fake Mexican divorce" because it was not recognized by the Catholic Church.)
Major Bouvier and her son Bouvier "Buddy" Beale urged Beale for many years to sell her "white elephant" Grey Gardens, but she refused.
Life at Grey Gardens[edit]
Beale had two live-in male companions at various times at Grey Gardens: her accompanist George "Gould" Strong and handyman Tom "Tex" Logan. In July 1952, her daughter Little Edie returned after five years in Manhattan to live permanently at Grey Gardens when Beale was age 57. In 1960, when Beale was 65, her niece Jacqueline Kennedy became First Lady. After a 1968 theft of antiques while Beale was at a party in East Hampton, she began to leave the house less frequently.
In the 1970s, Jacqueline Onassis's sister Lee Radziwill discussed creating a documentary with Albert and David Maysles about her and Jacqueline's childhood in East Hampton. At about the same time, the Edies received national attention when the National Enquirer ran an exposé on the deplorable conditions in which they lived. The Suffolk County, New York, Board of Health made an inspection, ordering them to clean up the property, which was falling into disrepair and contained various cats, raccoons, an opossum, et cetera. The once-elegant grounds were a tangled jungle; 25 of the 28 rooms were unused; in the dining room, they found a three-foot mountain of empty cans; in the upstairs bedrooms, it was said they saw human waste; and the fleas were so thick that the filmmakers wore flea collars around their ankles during the filming. After the publicity, Jacqueline Kennedy and Aristotle Onassis donated $32,000 to clean the house, install a new furnace and plumbing system, and cart away 1,000 bags of garbage. Beale did not have the funds for trash removal and house repairs. Beale's sons agreed to pay the back taxes on the property, which they had hoped for decades their mother would sell. After the stressful raids by county officials, Beale never left her home again in fear that she would lose permanent legal access to her house.
In 1973, the Maysles Brothers accompanied Lee Radziwill on a visit to the Edies, and David Maysles decided that the women would make better subjects for a film than the ex-First Lady's childhood friends. Maysles and Susan Froemke quickly edited the footage of the women and showed it to Radziwill, who balked and ultimately confiscated the film. The Maysleses returned, however, and the focus of their documentary was the Edies, instead of Jacqueline Onassis. Beale and her daughter were each paid $5,000 for the documentary, which featured their daily lives, songs and dances included. The film was screened for the two Edies in the upstairs hall of Grey Gardens in 1975. Little Edie declared it "a classic!"
The Grey Gardens documentary was met with critical acclaim. The film also inspired a Tony-award winning stage musical and a 2009 Emmy-award winning HBO film by the same name, starring Jessica Lange as "Big" Edie and Drew Barrymore as "Little" Edie.
Beale died of pneumonia at Southampton Hospital in Southampton, New York, following a fall at her home. Her body is buried in the Bouvier family plot at Most Holy Trinity Catholic Cemetery in East Hampton.[1]
As she neared her death, Beale reportedly told her daughter that she had left nothing unsaid, as it was "all in the film."[citation needed]
 1. ^ Saxon, Wolfgang (February 7, 1977). "Edith Bouvier Beale, Recluse, Dead at 81; Aunt of Mrs. Onassis Was Subject of the Documentary Movie 'Grey Gardens' in 1973". New York Times. Retrieved 2008-10-11. "Edith Bouvier Beale, who faded from high society to re-emerge among the seedy surroundings of a rundown Long Island mansion in the film "Grey Gardens," died Saturday at Southampton (L.I) Hospital at the age of 81. Grey Gardens was the home she shared with her daughter, Edith, on Apaquogue Road in East Hampton."
External links[edit]


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Multiobjective Control Strategies of a Novel Multifunction Electrically Interconnected Suspension
IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics
Vehicle vibration from the road significantly affects ride comfort and vehicle handling; on the other hand, the considerable energy in the vibration process shows potential for energy saving, especially for electric vehicles. In this article, we propose a novel multifunction electrically interconnected suspension (MFEIS) that utilizes two H-bridge circuits to control the energy flow. The novel suspension can operate in three modes, i.e., semiactive mode, energy-harvesting mode, and self-powered mode. Thus, the vehicle suspension can reduce vibration and harvest energy at the same time. The energy flow and detailed control procedures of each mode are studied, respectively. Based on the characteristics of each working mode, we propose two multiobjective control strategies to balance ride comfort and energy recovery performance of the MFEIS by switching the suspension working modes. An active vibration control algorithm is used to obtain the ideal control current for reducing vibration. The multiobjective control strategies, with different current tracking methods, are used to make the MFEIS generating currents that can track the ideal current. Furthermore, simulation and experimental results show that the proposed control strategies have advantages in ride comfort improvement and energy harvesting. The MFEIS can harvest energy from vibration and apply the harvested energy to suppress vibration, which has great potential in future applications.
Open Access Status
This publication is not available as open access


text:
The Magic of Money and Banking
This chapter analyzes the banking system in the wizarding world of Harry Potter and compares it to the salient features of the banking system in the Muggle world. The chapter begins with a brief history of money. Although the economies in both the wizarding world and the Muggle world use money, there are striking differences between those worlds on this point. We can only speculate on why these differences exist, but it appears that the wizard concept of money stopped evolving in the Middle Ages, when bankers were really just trusted keepers of valuables. The chapter concludes that although Muggle banking and wizard banking are not the same things, but they share some important characteristics. Apparently, wizards do not manage their money supply the way Muggles do by using the slight of hand of fractional reserve banking to create money out of thin air. Instead, the money supply in the wizard world seems stagnant, creating social problems that emphasize disparities in wealth. Even so, the money that does exist is subject to security measures in both worlds that are designed to instill confidence in the banking system. Perhaps the most interesting aspect of banking in both the magical and the Muggle worlds is the crucial place in the balance of power occupied by those who control the money supply be they the goblins who run Gringotts or the MBAs who run the Federal Reserve. Political power and economic power often go hand in hand. The United States took a long time to adopt a system of central banking and when the Federal Reserve Act was finally passed the structure of the system was intentionally diffuse so that it would be difficult for the central bankers to exercise too much power over the economy. Policymakers know that economic power and political power are closely related and that economic turmoil can lead to political unrest. That dynamic is likely true in the magical world as well.
The Magic of Money and Banking, in The Law and Harry Potter (Jeffrey E. Thomas and Franklin G. Snyder, eds., Carolina Academic Press 2010)


Conditional code compilation in Java
In C/C++ there is a construct which allows you to conditionally compile code. Yes I am talking about the _TAG_... _TAG_ Java doesn't have an equivalent. But you can use the following clever trick to achieve the same functionality.
Why conditionally compile code?
So before we proceed, you might ask me, why we need to do conditionally compiling? There are couple of reasons, but the main reason which motivated me to look for the solution is to conditionally enable debug statements. You can say that we can probably use a boolean variable or a function call, to determine whether we need to output the debug statement or not. But if the number of debug statements is high then they could add up.
Setting up final boolean variable
So the trick is simple. You have to create a if statement with a boolean private variable and if you make the boolean private variable as final and set the value to false, then at compile time, the compiler will be able to determine that these code branches are unreachable and will not include them as part of the compiled code.
Sample Code
The following sample code explains this trick.
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Influence of Laser Scan Speed on Density and Mechanical Properties of a Ti6Al4V Part Produced by Means of Selective Laser Melting (SLM)
J-H. Wang, J. Cheng, Y-X. Li and P-K. Bai
In this work Ti6Al4V powder was manufactured by the rotating electrode comminuting (REC) method to produce particles showing a spheroidal shape with an average size of 6.9 μm. The influence of laser scan speed on density and mechanical properties was investigated. It was found that selective laser melting (SLM) technologies are capable of directly producing near to full density titanium alloy parts with fine α+β microstructure. This fine and stable microstructure demonstrated high hardness and tensile strength with low elongation at break.
Keywords: Ti6Al4V, titanium alloy, rotating electrode comminuting (REC), Nd:YAG laser, selective laser melting (SLM), laser scan speed, density, microstructure, mechanical properties