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Motivation: I'm working on a computational problem at the moment, and have some very good routines for natively working with simplicial complexes and calculating homology, but the structures I'm dealing with arise naturally as cubical complexes.
Problem: Is there an efficient way to triangulate the n-cube, i.e. calculate a (relatively) small list of n-simplices on the same vertices as the cube, and which define a simplicial complex spanning the cube?
I've done some reference-chasing and there seems to be no decently-sharp estimate (as an upper or lower bound) for the asymptotic complexity of the problem, although the best upper-bounds I'm aware of (for the size of the smallest solution-set) seem to indicate something exponentially smaller than factorial (see Haiman, 91). This paper also exhibits a lower bound, given below
Orden and Santos improved the upper bound somewhat, by reducing the base of the exponential.
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See also "Simplexity of the $n$-cube" at The Open Problems Garden: garden.irmacs.sfu.ca/?q=op/simplexity_of_the_cube – Joseph O'Rourke Feb 10 '11 at 16:54
4 Answers 4
up vote 13 down vote accepted
For the question as stated, it's a big open problem to triangulate the $n$-cube, and the papers that you cite are basically the state of the art. The lower bound that you give is simply a matter of comparing the volume of an $n$-cube to the volume of the largest possible $n$-simplex inside it, only with the extra idea due to Warren Smith to work in hyperbolic geometry rather than in Euclidean geometry. As you should notice, this lower bound is exponential, while all of the upper bounds are factorial. The upper bound comes from the following simple idea of Haiman: Suppose that you have good triangulations of some low-dimensional cubes. Then you can take their Cartesian product and use the standard step triangulation of a product of simplices. Using for example the triangulation of a 3-cube with 5 simplices instead of the usual 6, this immediately gives you a small exponential gain over the $n!$ answer using the standard step triangulation. Orden and Santos offer a slight improvement of Haiman's idea.
Combinatorialists take this summary of results as an invitation to do better. The upper and lower bounds are very far apart.
If your ultimate goal is to compute homology in high dimensions, then you are much better off NOT triangulating the cubes. It is computationally superior to make chain complexes directly from the cubical complex, and then use the same integer linear algebra that you would have used otherwise.
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The combinatorialists do not seem to have made much progress. The last real advance in the field is Warren Smith's thesis (which was in 1988, if I recall). The problem (known as "the simplexity of the cube") has been around for a very long time, though I don't know the whole history. – Igor Rivin Feb 10 '11 at 16:38
A slight improvement on the lower bound was recently obtained by Alexey Glazyrin (_URL_ _URL_ Basically, it changes the $2^n$ factor in Nick's initial post to an $e^n$. Smith's hyperbolic volume method gave an $\sqrt{6}^n$.
But, of course, as Greg points out, the real open question is whether the simplicity of the cube grows as the $c^n n!/n^{n/2}$ of the lower bounds or as the $c^n n!$ that can be achieved by actual constructions (or something in between).
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In case it is helpful for your computational problem, note that the freely available software CHomP will compute homology of cubical complexes.
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Cubical complexes in general, or just subcollections of the standard tiling of Euclidean space by unit cubes? It looks like the latter to me. – Greg Kuperberg Feb 10 '11 at 16:49
Awesome, thank you! I've been trying in HAP(GAP package), but it's not too happy (so far as I can tell) if I'm not working with a complex where each cube sits inside a cube of maximal dimension, the so-called "pure" complexes. So I can't just start sticking extra squares hanging off my cubes, say. – Nick Loughlin Feb 11 '11 at 11:11
I didn't notice Greg's comment, which would suggest that my last post was off-the-mark, although I will check it out. – Nick Loughlin Feb 11 '11 at 11:12
If you think of the $n$-cube as unordered sequences of points from $[0,1]$, and the $n$-symplex as an ordered sequence of points from $[0,1]$, then it is easy to see how to decompose the $n$-cube into $n!$ simplices each of hyper-volume $1/n!$. I am not sure that this is a triangulation --- no opinion at this writing, but if not, then try subdivision.
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Yes, this and some related triangulations are known - a slightly better version (in 3d gives 5 simplices instead of 6) is to 2-colour the vertices and dissect-off a simplex at each odd vertex, say, and then deal with the polytope you're left with - see theorem 3.6.3 here: books.google.com/books?id=SxY1Xrr12DwC&pg=PA315 – Nick Loughlin Feb 10 '11 at 13:20
5 simplices is sharp in three dimensions, since if you take the regular ideal cube, you will see that the simplices it is subdivided in are regular also. – Igor Rivin Feb 10 '11 at 16:36
Of course, "ideal" means ideal in hyperbolic 3-space. Do other geometries in higher dimensions give worse estimates? – Douglas Zare Feb 10 '11 at 17:14
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text:
Caring for American Indian Objects
- More Info
- By: Edited by Sherelyn Ogden
- Format: Paper, 272 pp., 8.5" x 11", 48 color photos, 63 b&w photos, appendices, index
- Publisher: MHS Press (August 2004)
- Usually ships in: 1-3 business days
- ISBN 0-87351-505-6
A Practical and Cultural Guide2005 AASLH Merit Award Winner
Invaluable information and advice to anyone who wants to preserve these objects. Twenty-one contributors, fourteen of whom are American Indians, discuss general aspects of museum care, explain techniques for particular materials, and address important cultural considerations.
American Indian cultural objects, like most objects, deteriorate over time. Precious and irreplaceable pieces of a people's heritage can turn to dust, either slowly or rapidly, depending upon their composition and the ways in which they are stored and handled.
This practical guide, with over 100 color and black-and-white photos, offers Indian and non-Indian caregivers, conservators, and collectors helpful information on standard museum practice to aid them in making decisions to slow deterioration.
Sherelyn Ogden is the head of conservation at the Minnesota Historical Society. She is also the author of Preservation of Library and Archival Materials: A Manual and Preservation Planning: Guidelines for Writing a Long-Range Preservation Plan.
Praise for Caring for American Indian Objects
"An excellent and valuable book that will be useful to students, conservators, and tribal museum staff. It will make a great textbook as well as reference book." — Dr. Andrew Gulliford, Director, Center of Southwest Studies, Fort Lewis College
More Information about this book:
View the table of contents to Caring for American Indian Objects.
Our Price: $39.95

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text:
Air Purifier Creative Anti-gravity
- A stunning air purifier that combines the power of negative ion with the magic of water drop backflow visual effect to eliminate indoor pollution.
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Students are invited to participate in Turiba University Practical Scientific Conference (6)
On May 18th, 2017
Practical Scientific Conference
"Communication in the global village: interests and influences"
We are inviting everyone to share experience, the results of the research, knowledge, presenting a research or a project. All the participants will receive certificates and representative prizes. The author of the best work will receive a prize – acknowledgment award from the University of Turiba Students' Council with a money prize (150 EUR).
Presenting the research:
In the introduction including:
- The research topicality
- The problem of the research
- The novelty of the research
- The aim of the research
- The research methods
In the main part including:
- An overview of the previous researches and theoretical sources
- Analysis and interpretation of empirical data
In the conclusion including:
- The resulting findings from the research
- Recommendations from the research
Presenting the project:
- Analysis of the problem and the importance of the problem
- The idea behind the project and its originality
- The objective of the project
- The implemented activities and their compliance with the objectives of the project
- Implementation process of the project that describes the planning and management
- Reached measurable results.
Report up to 7 pages (20,000 characters). Parameters for the text are available here.
Language for the student presentations at the conference - Latvian and English. Presentation – 7 min.
Apply till May 1st, 2017
- Papers should be sent to: _EMAIL_
- For additional information contact Zane Znatnaja: _EMAIL_


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Encaustic paintings are created with a mixture of melted wax, pigment and resin. With proper care, encaustic is considered to be one of the most stable mediums.
Like all works of fine art, encaustic paintings should be handled with care:
- Keep out of direct sunlight and avoid extreme temperatures. Hang and store at normal room temperatures. The wax will melt at 150℉/65℃.
- When packing artwork, cover the surface with waxed paper or an archival interleaving or glassine. Do not put bubble wrap or plastic wrap directly on the surface of the painting or it may leave an impression. If special packaging materials are included, please use those.
- Do not frame behind glass. If the piece does not have a frame included with it, a floater frame is a good option since it will protect the edges from chipping.
- Do not touch the surface. If you do, and leave fingerprints, you can buff those out.
- You can dust the surface with a large SOFT brush, working from top to bottom, or buff carefully to remove dust.
- As the wax cures over the first 6-12 months, or if the encaustic gets especially cold, "bloom" may develop on the surface. Bloom is a naturally-occurring whitish haze. The bloom can be buffed out.
- When the piece is "young" and the encaustic is not yet fully cured and hardened, it may go back to a matte surface frequently, but it can (and should) be buffed again to a glossier surface. As the encaustic cures and hardened, the gloss will stay, and it will also shed dust and dirt more easily.
To buff the surface, use a clean, lint-free cotton cloth, such as a wall-washed all-cotton flour-sack towels. If one is included, please use that.
- Snap the towel to remove any possible debris, then ball it up with no wrinkles or seams on the polishing side.
- Start cautiously, buffing in circles while looking at the surface from an angle to ensure that no scratches are being left on the surface.
- When you are sure that you are not leaving scratches, you can buff more vigorously to bring out the gloss.


text:
The Bachelor of Science degree in Aerospace Engineering focuses on the application of engineering principles to the design, manufacturing, and functionality of aerospace vehicles such as aircraft, missiles, and spacecraft, to include autonomous and semi-autonomous unmanned aerial systems. Students gain an in-depth knowledge of aerodynamics, aerospace materials, structures, propulsion, flight mechanics and stability and control while being briefly exposed to orbital mechanics, control, space structures, and rocket propulsion.
Fully offered at:
The university affirmatively strives to provide educational opportunities and access to students with varied backgrounds, those with special talents and adult students who graduated from high school three or more years ago.
Admission to the Aerospace Engineering major is selective.
Freshmen Students: Admission into the Aerospace Engineering major requires a minimum 3.0 high school GPA; and a minimum 24 ACT composite score (minimum 24 ACT sub-scores in both English and math) or a minimum 1160 SAT score (minimum 580 sub-scores in both mathematics and evidence-based reading and writing); and placement directly into MATH 12002 (or its equivalent). (The old SAT scores for admittance was 1100 SAT score with minimum 550 sub-scores in both mathematics and critical reading.)
Students who do not meet these requirements may apply for admission to the Aeronautical Systems Engineering Technology concentration within the Aeronautics major and request to change their program to the Aerospace Engineering major after their freshman year if they meet the following criteria: minimum 3.200 overall Kent State GPA and minimum B grade in both MATH 12002 and PHY 23101.
English Language Proficiency Requirements for International Students: All international students must provide proof of English language proficiency (unless they meet specific exceptions) by earning a minimum 525 TOEFL score (71 on the Internet-based version), minimum 75 MELAB score, minimum 6.0 IELTS score or minimum 48 PTE Academic score, or by completing the ELS level 112 Intensive Program.
Transfer Students: Admission into the Aerospace Engineering major requires minimum of 12 credit hours in college-level coursework with a minimum of 3.200 overall GPA and a minimum B grade in both MATH 12002 and PHY 23101 (or their equivalents). Transfer students who have completed fewer than 12 credit hours of college-level coursework will be evaluated on both collegiate and high school records and must submit a final high school transcript and an ACT or SAT score.
Program Learning Outcomes
Graduates of the program will be able to:
- Apply knowledge of mathematics, science, and engineering.
- Design and conduct experiments, and analyze and interpret data.
- Design a system, component or process to meet desired needs within realistic constraints such as economic, environmental, social, political, ethical, health and safety, manufacturability and sustainability.
- Function on multidisciplinary teams.
- Identify, formulate and solve engineering problems.
- Understand professional and ethical responsibility.
- Communicate effectively, via both written and verbal means.
- Understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global, economic, environmental and societal context.
- Recognize the need for, and able to engage in life-long learning.
- Be aware of contemporary issues in the aerospace industry.
- Use the techniques, skills and modern engineering tools necessary for engineering practice.
Major Requirements [BS-AERS]
Major Requirements (courses count in major GPA)
- AERN 15300 Introduction To Engineering Analysis Using Matlab®
- AERN 15500 Introduction To Aerospace Engineering (min C grade)
- AERN 20000 Professional Development In Aeronautics I
- AERN 25200 Statics
- AERN 25400 Dynamics
- AERN 25500 Aerodynamics For Engineers (min C grade)
- AERN 30000 Professional Development In Aeronautics II
- AERN 35200 Thermal Fluid Engineering
- AERN 35201 Thermal-Fluid Engineering Laboratory
- AERN 35300 Aerospace Vehicle Performance
- AERN 35400 System Dynamics And Control
- AERN 35500 Signals And Circuits
- AERN 35501 Signals And Circuits Laboratory
- AERN 35600 High-Speed Aerodynamics
- AERN 45121 Aerospace Propulsion For Engineering And Engineering Technology
- AERN 45360 Professional Development In Aeronautics III
- AERN 45600 Aircraft Stability And Control
- AERN 45601 Aircraft Stability And Control Laboratory
- AERN 45700 Aircraft Design (ELR)
- AERN 45850 Aircraft Design II (WIC)
- AERN 45900 Aeroelasticity
- TECH 13580 Engineering Graphics I
- TECH 20002 Materials And Processes
- TECH 33111 Statics And Strength Of Materials
- Aeronautics (AERN) Electives
Additional Requirements (courses do not count in major GPA)
- CHEM 10050 Fundamentals Of Chemistry (KBS)
- ECON 22060 Principles Of Microeconomics (KSS)
- MATH 12002 Analytic Geometry And Calculus I (KMCR)
- MATH 12003 Analytic Geometry And Calculus II
- MATH 32051 Mathematical Methods In The Physical Sciences I
- MATH 32052 Mathematical Methods In The Physical Sciences II
- PHY 23101 General University Physics I (KBS) (KLAB)
- PHY 23102 General University Physics II (KBS) (KLAB)
- UC 10097 Destination Kent State: First-Year Experience
- Kent Core Composition
- Kent Core Humanities and Fine Arts (minimum one course from each)
- Kent Core Social Studies (cannot be from ECON)
- Kent Core Additional
- Minimum Major GPA: 2.750
- Minimum Overall GPA: 2.500
About the School
The College of Aeronautics and Engineering (CAE) is one of the eleven colleges of Kent State University, with approximately 1,000 students and near double-digit growth in recent years. As one of its f... Read More


Sun & clouds behaviour chart as used in schools
Sun and Clouds Behaviour chart is an ideal chart for home so your child can instantly see how they are behaving it also encourages them to stay around the sun and not go in the black cloud.
Supplied with 1 x A4 fully laminated board, 5 x sun strips
To use, just write your childs name on the sun strips using a ball point pen or sharpie, then with blue tac (not supplied) just place the sun strip around the sun, if their behaviour deteriorates move the sun strip in to the grey could and if it continues to get bad into the black also if their behaviour improves move them back into the sun.
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text:
Precision in communication is highly important. This is especially true of the type of communication called music, whether you are talking about Mozart or magpie-larks.
Only about three percent of bird species are known to sing duets. In a duet, one mate begins singing, and the other mate begins a half second later. Among Australian magpie-larks, pairs that are newly mated usually lack that precision. However, in pairs that have been together for two years, the lag time of the duet usually varies by only a few hundredths of a second.
Researchers also discovered that this precision serves a purpose. Male magpie larks respond to perceived threats by increasing their singing. When they played the less-precise duets to 12 pairs of other magpie-larks, the males only responded in this way seven times in five minutes. However, the more-precise duets resulted in nine responses in five minutes. In short, other magpie larks are more intimidated by pairs that sing with precision than by those who do not. This is important in preserving an established couple's territory from invasion by new couples.
Communication with precision is yet another fingerprint of God on the creation. In Scripture, the ultimate in precise communication, God even points us to the birds as He urges us to recognize His involvement in the creation.


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Lighting plays a crucial role in creating a functional and inviting kitchen space. In 2023, there are various innovative kitchen lighting ideas that can transform your cooking area into a stylish and well-lit haven. Whether you want to enhance the ambiance, improve task lighting, or add a touch of drama, we have compiled a list of frequently asked questions and expert tips to help you choose the perfect lighting for your kitchen.
1. What are the different types of kitchen lighting?
There are three main types of kitchen lighting: ambient, task, and accent lighting. Ambient lighting provides overall illumination and can be achieved through ceiling-mounted fixtures or recessed lights. Task lighting focuses on specific work areas such as the countertop or stove, and can be achieved through under-cabinet lights or pendant lights. Accent lighting highlights specific features or areas of your kitchen, such as artwork or a kitchen island, and can be achieved through track lighting or spotlights.
2. How can I incorporate natural light into my kitchen?
Natural light can make your kitchen feel more spacious and inviting. Consider installing larger windows or skylights to maximize the amount of natural light entering your kitchen. Additionally, you can use translucent window coverings or sheer curtains to allow light in while maintaining privacy. If your kitchen lacks natural light sources, consider using light-colored paint and reflective surfaces to bounce light around the space.
3. What are some trendy lighting fixtures for 2023?
In 2023, there are several trendy lighting fixtures that can elevate the style of your kitchen. Industrial-inspired pendant lights with exposed bulbs are gaining popularity, adding a touch of modern sophistication. Geometric-shaped chandeliers or cluster pendant lights can create a focal point and add a contemporary flair. Additionally, LED strip lights under cabinets or along the toe kick can provide a sleek and futuristic look.
4. How can I create a cozy ambiance in my kitchen?
To create a cozy ambiance in your kitchen, consider using warm lighting tones. Opt for warm white or soft yellow LED bulbs instead of cool white bulbs. Install dimmer switches to have control over the intensity of the light. Adding candlelight fixtures or string lights can also create a warm and inviting atmosphere in your kitchen.
5. What are some tips for maximizing task lighting in the kitchen?
To maximize task lighting in your kitchen, focus on the areas where you perform most of your tasks, such as the countertop, stove, and sink. Install under-cabinet lights directly above the countertop to eliminate shadows and provide ample illumination for food preparation. For the stove area, consider installing a pendant light or a range hood with built-in lighting. Task lighting can also be achieved through adjustable track lights or recessed lights with directional bulbs.
6. How can I make a statement with my kitchen lighting?
If you want to make a statement with your kitchen lighting, consider using bold and unique fixtures. Oversized pendant lights or chandeliers with intricate designs can become the focal point of your kitchen. Opt for fixtures made from unconventional materials such as glass, copper, or even recycled materials. These eye-catching lighting choices can add personality and drama to your kitchen space.
7. What are the benefits of energy-efficient lighting in the kitchen?
Energy-efficient lighting not only helps reduce your environmental footprint but also saves you money on electricity bills. LED bulbs are an excellent choice for kitchen lighting as they are long-lasting, energy-efficient, and emit less heat compared to traditional incandescent bulbs. Additionally, many energy-efficient lighting options are dimmable, allowing you to adjust the brightness to suit your needs.
8. How can I highlight my kitchen's architectural features?
If your kitchen has unique architectural features that you want to showcase, consider using accent lighting. Install track lights or spotlights to draw attention to a beautiful backsplash, an exposed brick wall, or open shelving. Use adjustable lighting fixtures to direct the light precisely where you want it, emphasizing the architectural elements of your kitchen.
9. What are some general tips for kitchen lighting?
Here are some general tips to keep in mind when choosing kitchen lighting:
- Consider the size and layout of your kitchen before selecting fixtures.
- Ensure that the lighting fixtures complement the overall style and design of your kitchen.
- Install multiple light sources to create layers of light and avoid shadows.
- Utilize dimmer switches to adjust the lighting intensity based on your needs.
- Regularly clean and maintain your lighting fixtures to ensure optimal performance.
With these tips in mind, you can create a well-lit and visually appealing kitchen space that enhances both functionality and style.


Meow Meow: Cat Meows in Different Languages + Catfight
A meow is a sound used by cats to signal a request to their mother or owner. Adult cats do not normally meow to each other, and so the meowing to human beings that domesticated cats exhibit is likely partly an extension of the use by kittens of this plaintive signal.
A purr is a sound made by most species of felines. A tonal buzzing can characterize differently between cats. Domestic cats purr in a frequency of 25 to 150 vibrations per second. Purring is often understood as signifying happiness; however, cats sometimes purr when they are ill, or during tense, traumatic, or painful moments.
Other noises
Most cats growl or hiss when angered or feeling threatened, which serves as a warning to the offending party. If the warning is not heeded, a more serious attack may follow. Some may engage in behavior or batting with their paws, with claws either extended or retracted. Cats sometimes make chirping or chattering noises when observing prey. The cry of a cat in heat is called a caterwaul.
Afrikaans: miaau
Albanian: mjau
Arabic (Algeria): miaou miaou
Bengali: meu-meu
Catalan: meu, meu
Chinese (Mandarin): miao miao
Croatian: mijau
Danish: mjav
Dutch: miauw
English: meow
Esperanto: miaw
Estonian: näu
Finnish: miau, kurnau
French: miaou
German: miau
Greek: niaou
Hebrew: miyau
Hindi: mya:u, mya:u:
Hungarian: miau
Icelandic: mjá
Indonesian: ngeong
Italian: miao
Japanese: nyaa
Korean: (n)ya-ong
Norwegian: mjau
Polish: miau
Portuguese: miau
Russian: myau
Slovene: mijau
Spanish (Spain, Argentina): miau
Swedish: mjau
Thai: meow meow (with high tone)
Turkish: miyauv, miyauv
Ukrainian: myau
Vietnamese: meo-meo
Curiosity: Catfight
Catfight (also Girls fight) is a term for an altercation between two women, typically involving scratching, slapping, hair-pulling, and shirt-shredding as opposed to punching or wrestling (although this isn't always the case). However, the term is not exclusively used to indicate a fight between women, and many formal definitions do not invoke gender. Instead, it refers to any "vociferous fight." It can also be used to describe two human females insulting each other verbally or being otherwise nasty to each other. The many ways that women compare themselves to other women and compete with each other are also referred to as catfighting (or cattiness). Catfights are different from other kinds of fights involving women because they usually involve competition between two or more women, usually over men. Catfight is a term also used on occasion to describe a political campaign between two women candidates.
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text:
Sound Off for November 5, 2012
- Sound Off: During the Lawrence High School vs. Free State football game, the student sections for both schools threw baby powder into the air on several occasions. What is the significance of this? Why does the school district allow this?
- Sound Off: Who is paying for the polls that are open during the pre-voting period and why? Why isn't Election Day good enough?


Ghost Recon Wildlands Wiki
Ghost Recon Wildlands Wiki
The various Factions in Ghost Recon Wildlands.
The Bolivia depicted in Ghost Recon Wildlands is ruled by a corrupt government that has recruited the Unidad force to control the population and suppress any signs of revolt. As a trained military force, they exert their authority with violence and impunity. To face them, local Bolivians have started a rebel movement: the Kataris 26. Led by the charismatic Pac Katari, a natural-born warrior who believes in the force of nature and the balance between good and evil, they fight for the freedom of their people. In the middle of this war, the Civilians try to survive.
List Of Factions
See Also


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Beattyville, the seat of Lee county, is on the forks of the Kentucky River. The site was originally known as Taylors Landing (the source of the name is not known). In 1850 it was renamed Beatty for Samuel Beatty, an early settler and landowner, and in 1872 was incorporated as Beattyville. The county seat was moved to Beattyville in 1872 from nearby Proctor. The population in 1990 was 1,131.
The Lee County Courthouse in Beattyville.


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George Marshall House (museum)
Dating from 1870, the George Marshall House, is now maintained as a small art museum with modern painting and sculpture on display. There are also several abstract sculptures outside, and historic plaques about the site. These buildings have been placed on the National Register of Historic Places.
On our visit, the warehouse was just open, allowing visitors to wander through the building that has been wonderfully restored with period artifacts so that one has the complete illusion of stepping 300 years into the past. The nearby Marshall House is now an art museum and gift shop, which was also open, but unattended.
G. A. Marshall's
Old Line Store Est. 1867
Groceries. Coal. Wood
Here is the description of this site from the Old York Historical Society
which maintains it along with eight other museums.
The John Hancock Warehouse and George Marshall Store document three hundred years of commercial life along the York River. Of the many wharves and warehouses which fronted the river and York Harbor in the 18th century, the John Hancock Warehouse is the only remaining commercial building from the Colonial period in York. The York River was the town's major "highway" and played a significant role in York history. The river shaped the daily lives of townspeople in the 18th century and gave York a more cosmopolitan outlook and influence than most inland communities of that time.
The exact construction date of the warehouse is not known, but it is thought to date from the 1740s. Local historians cite Thomas Donnell as first owner of the wharf and builder of the warehouse. The Warehouse was later sold to Daniel Bragdon who came into financial difficulties during the Revolutionary War and was forced to borrow from Boston patriot John Hancock, mortgaging his warehouse interest in 1787. When Bragdon died four years later, the property passed to Hancock. John Hancock owned Bragdon's share of the property until his death in 1793.
The warehouse acted as a store and was likely used as the Customs House for the District Port of York. The customs collector collected taxes on ships coming into harbor loaded with china, fabrics, silver, furniture, and tea by way of London and Boston. Coasters that traded at ports from Nova Scotia to Georgia carried mail, grain, and furs. Barrel staves and hoops, tallow, apples and potatoes were exported from York to the West Indies.
John Hancock Wharf (warehouse)
The warehouse passed through several owners before George Marshall bought the site in 1867. Next door, he built the George Marshall Store and sold general merchandise as well as wood, building materials, and coal.
When Marshall died, President Theodore Roosevelt appointed his sister Adaline Marshall acting Collection of Customs for the Port of York. She was the only woman to ever serve that post in the United States. The port of York was closed by President William Howard Taft in 1913, one of his last acts before leaving his office.
Another sister, Katherine E. Marshall, took over her brother's business. When health forced Kate to give up the business in 1954 she turned the "Old Customs House" over to the Newcomen Society in North America. Restoration began in 1956 and was followed by a two-phase restoration in 1979 and 1980 when a new foundation was added and the entire wharf area was built up behind new pilings to protect the building from flooding. Old York acquired the building from the Newcomen Society in 1994. The majority of timbers and flooring are original.
The John Hancock Warehouse today contains an exhibit on York's maritime heritage and commerce on its upper floor while the ground floor has been faithfully restored to evoke the early 19th century Customs House for the port. Annual events such as "Fourth on the Wharf," a celebration of our nation's birth, are held on the riverside property. The George Marshall Store is now used for changing exhibits and lecture space for the organization.
The John Hancock Wharf
and Marshall House
The John Hancock Wharf is the earliest surviving wharf and warehouse from York's period as a colonial port, dating from the 1870s. Used as the town's first customshouse after the Revolution,m it is named for the Boston patriot John Hancock, who briefly owned it in the 1790s.
Next to the warehouse and fronting on Lindsay Road is the circa 1870 George Marshall Store. This structure was a center for mercantile activity along the York River for close to a century, selling not only a "general line" of goods, but also wood and coal, all unloaded at the wharf behind the building.
York River waterfront in a view taken about 1910. At the left is shown the Marshall Store with the Hancock Warehouse just behind and to the right. This rare image documents the twilight of the river trade with schooners docked and unloading goods at the Marshall Wharf. Within a few years, railroads would supercede water borne vessels for the transportation of goods and this age old method of trade would be eclipsed, leaving wharves empty and silent. Photograph collection of Old York Historical Society.


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WASHINGTON -- Splitting 5-4, the Supreme Court yesterday rejected the Clinton administration's plan to use statistical sampling to make up for individuals who get overlooked in the 2000 census.
The court ruled that the allocation of House of Representatives seats after the next census must be based on a head count.
The decision was a major setback for cities, for the Democratic Party and for a key part of its following: minorities, who are more often missed in counts by census-takers. The "undercount" in the 1990 census left out more than 4 million people, mainly urban minorities and children, according to the Census Bureau.
The justices left open the possibility that sampling could be used to adjust population figures for two purposes -- dividing up $180 billion in federal aid to the states and redrawing election districts at other levels of government.
It ruled narrowly that the census law does not permit sampling during the count every decade that is used to reapportion the 435 House seats among the states. It did not rule on the broader question of whether sampling is unconstitutional.
However, four of the justices in the majority said "a strong case can be made" that sampling is unconstitutional. It would have taken five votes to establish that proposition.
The challenge to the Clinton administration's plan for the first-time use of sampling in the decennial census was made by the House, by four counties and by individual voters in 13 states. The court did not rule on whether the House could challenge the plan but found that the other challengers had made their case.
The court majority decided an actual count -- in person, or by mail with follow-up, in-person contacts -- is the only method allowed by federal census law for House apportionment.
"From the very first census, the census of 1790," Justice Sandra Day O'Connor wrote for the majority, "Congress has prohibited the use of statistical sampling in calculating the population for purposes of [House] apportionment."
To Baltimore's dismay
Baltimore, one of the cities in which minority population is thought to be undercounted in every census, could lose some access to federal money if sampling is not allowed for federal funding purposes after the 2000 census. The city's relative power in the the General Assembly also could be adversely affected.
News of the decision frustrated officials in Baltimore, where one of every four dollars spent in the city's $1.8 billion annual budget comes from the federal government.
City leaders, including Mayor Kurt L. Schmoke, supported census sampling, noting that the majority of Baltimore's population -- 60 percent -- is black.
In the 1990 census, an estimated 4.4 percent of the nation's African-American population was not counted, the biggest segment being males ages 18 to 34.
Baltimore officials say minorities tend to be undercounted because, if they are poor, they do not own property and are less likely to respond to census surveys.
"It's a shame," said Gloria Griffin, a city planner helping to organize a group to ensure a more accurate Baltimore census. "Those poor souls who really need [the federal aid] are not going to get it."
If sampling is done next year for purposes other than House apportionment, it could result in two versions of the nation's 2000 population: one for allocation of seats in the House, a second for everything else.
But sampling can occur next year only if Congress approves the necessary money. Republicans strongly oppose sampling, because it appears to favor Democrats.
Yesterday's decision, because of its limited scope, reignited that partisan controversy as it bears upon the Census Bureau's legal authority to use sampling techniques to calculate national, state and local populations for these key purposes:
Dividing $180 billion in federal funding for social programs -- an allocation keyed to population;
Calculating where to draw the lines for House election districts, once the seats have been apportioned among the states, and districts for state legislatures and local governing bodies -- keyed to population within states.
House Speaker Dennis Hastert repeated the GOP opposition after the court's ruling, saying: "The [Clinton] administration should abandon its illegal and risky polling scheme and start preparing for a true head count."
President Clinton appears to have no intention of abandoning support for sampling within the limits that the Supreme Court ruling may permit. He reiterated his support for sampling in his State of the Union message last week, and the White House noted pointedly yesterday that the high court had not ruled sampling to be unconstitutional.
House Minority Leader Richard A. Gephardt, a Missouri Democrat, interpreted the ruling to mean that the Census Bureau is required to do sampling for purposes of redistricting and distribution of federal funding.


text:
But what exactly is 'Flaming'? According to Urban Dictionary, it involves posting emotive, negative messages to provoke an angry or enraged response on social networking sites. Slovenian and British researchers say it will result in your posts receiving a much higher response rate.
The New Scientist reports that the research used "sentiment analysis" to identify emotional content on posts left on the BBC's online forums and with Digg.com. By running algorithms that looked for emoticons, emotional keywords and misspellings, the researchers calculated happiness scores for the posts and found that those with a lower score tended to participate in longer conversations. So if you are the kind of social networker who wants to generate more interest and followers, you're better off writing negative comments than saying 'I love this!'
It is typical of human nature to create social groups out of negative feelings, for example often hash tags like _TAG_ are more successful in trending on Twitter than _TAG_.
At least we're pretty sure that's the reason _TAG_ isn't doing so well.


Peacock Pictures
Flying Turtle Zoo
Family Tree
Peacocks are in the pheasant family (Phasianidae).
Size and Life Expectancy
Peafowl males are about 7.5 feet (2.3 meters) long. Of that about 5 feet (1.5 meters) is their "train" which is made up of the feathers that cover their tail feathers. They weigh up to 13 pounds (6kg). They live about twenty years.
Range and Habitat
There are three subspecies of peafowl. The blue peafowl is found in India and Sri Lanka and the green peafowl is native to Java and Myanmar (aka: Burma). The Congo peafowl lives in the Congo River Basin in Africa. They live in forested areas and bushlands (areas without too much vegetation).
Peafowl eat plants and insects and arachnids and amphibians.
Leopards and tigers and other large cats. Snakes and lizards eat their eggs.
Extra Fun Facts
Peacocks are a type of pheasant. The word "peacock" actually only refers to males. Females are called "peahens" and both sexes together are called "peafowl." Both sexes have spurs on their heels which they use to defend themselves and sometimes to fight amongst themselves. People have had peafowl pets for thousands of years. Peafowl are of course famous for their wonderful "train" which is made up of the feathers that cover their tail feathers. It used to be believed that females selected males with more impressive train displays but recently studies have shown that it is actually noises made during courting that attract females.
National Geographic
Sea World
San Diego Zoo


If you're out and about and see an upside down sheep you could be forgiven for thinking it was just resting.
But Avon and Somerset Constabulary has warned it can actually be something much more sinister.
The force has warned people sheep could be in a near-death experience if they are lying on their back.
During the winter months sheep grow more wool and their fleece can become extremely heavy if there is a lot of rain.
his can cause the sheep to topple over due to the sheer weight and being left on their back.
If left for too long in this position, the animal can suffocate and die.
Police shared the following post on its rural crime page, Somerset Live reports.
A Facebook user has been warning others about the issue. In a post, she said: "If you spot a sheep in this position, they're not sunbathing.
"If they are left like this, they will die."
The post also offers advice on what to do if you find a sheep in the awkward position.
It says: "If you are able to, turn them up the right way, or try to find someone that can.
"If they have been upside down for a long time, it may take several attempts for them to stay upright."
The post also says people may have to hold on to them for a while while the water drains from their coats.


text:
Battalion Chief, San Francisco Fire Department
- Appointed to the Department from the truckman's list, November 6, 1903, age 21
- Assigned to Truck Co. No. 4
- Other assignments as a fireman: 1905, Engine Co. No. 36, 1910, Truck Co. No. 10
- Appointed Lieutenant, October 1, 1913
- Assigned to Engine Co. No. 20
- Appointed Captain, April 1, 1916
- Appointed Battalion Chief, February 7, 1919
- Retired, March 1944
- Died - 1945
Chief Bowlen followed the footsteps of his father, Thomas, who was a member of Hose Co. No. 3, 1880
HOW BATTALION CHIEF BOWLEN STARTED AN INTEREST IN THE HISTORY OF THE S.F.F.D.
Three Decades of Smoke and Flames:
When on July 2, 1929, Mill Valley in Marin County went afire, Battalion Chief Frederick J. Bowlen was chosen by Acting Chief Engineer Charles J. Brennan to answer that city's call for aid. Four powerful pumping engines and hose wagons, together with a chemical fire engine and a crew of 50 officers and men were on their way within 12 minutes after the call reached San Francisco. Fire companies from neighboring towns were also on the scene.
On the hills where the greatest volume of fire was centered a 25-mile an hour wind was blowing. It was a fight against every vicious agency of nature. In the first place the humidity was so low that buildings were bursting into flame long before the oncoming sweep of fire reached them. On the scene, soldiers from the Presidio and Fort Baker, a crew from a Coast, Guard cutter, 25 San Francisco policemen and thousands of civilians were valiantly attempting to help.
Chief Bowlen made a rapid survey of the fire and started out at once to save the business district. Powerful streams were played on house tops, on nearby trees, and in other places high into the air. It was the making of an artificial rain that helped to raise the humidity to a point above which spontaneous ignition was liable to occur. These streams were kept wide open for hours as there was a plentiful water supply in the downtown area.
Meanwhile, several companies were fighting in the upper area, and the fight was won. Chief Bowlen generously admits the danger point was overcome by a change of wind about 9 o'clock that night.
Fight Another Proof of Unsurpassed Efficiency:
The fight had been handled in a remarkable manner — one more, record to be placed beside thousands of others in the history of the officers and men of the most efficient fire department in the world. (This rating of the SFFD is attested to by visiting fire officials from all over the world after inspections here.)
After the embers had cooled, a meeting was held in Mill Valley and Chief Bowlen called across to give suggestions for future safeguards. As he was leaving the hall, he was approached by a visitor from New York, who said she had a 12-year-old son. Would the chief some time tell the lad about firefighting in general? Bowlen said he would sit down and write a few stories for the boy. He did. But young Laurence M. Symmes Jr. of New York requested more by mail. These were supplied, but more were demanded.
So Chief Bowlen found himself digging into the history of the department to supply the curiosity of a small boy. From such a small incident has come the first accurate and complete history of the San Francisco Fire Department. In his office in the firehouse on Eighteenth Avenue the chief now has a cabinet filled with 63 volumes that contain 22,000 typewritten pages. A rough estimate places this remarkable history at 6,600,000 words.
Only Reward Leaving Record to Posterity:
A labor of love, Chief Bowlen calls it. And that is what it is. He expects to make nothing from it; he only desires that before he goes he will have left behind the true record of the service he has loved and of the work that has given him great happiness.
The man whose tireless effort brought into existence this history that The Chronicle will publish is well capable in every way for its telling. He was born and reared in San Francisco, coming from a pioneer family. His father was a fireman and later a police officer. In 1903, Frederick J. Bowlen joined the department as a member of Truck Company No. 4. He experienced the trying days of the great fire of April, 1906. Now he ranks as senior Battalion Chief in the department. (1939)
Knowing that man is, of course not immortal, the Chief has made arrangements that his work be carried on after his retirement By legal means he has decreed that the volumes will go into the hands of Louis W. Hage, a fireman attached to his division, who is already well into the work. Young Hage, only six years in the department, has already done a great amount of research and was chosen to "carry on" because of his keen interest.
Painstaking Search For Data Unending:
Ten years of so many allotted hours a day, vacation visits to the Huntington Library and San Marino, the State Library at Sacramento, the Jenny Weir collection of historical matter at Reno, trips into the Mother Lode country where still many of our pioneer societies are. These are only part of Bowlen's search for the facts.
Every record of the fire department went into smoke and ash in the great fire of 1906. That meant a start under the greatest difficulty for every scrap of information.
And yet today, Chief Bowlen has several hundred pictures, most of which no one thought were in existence. He has a complete roster of the members of the department from 1849. These include the Volunteers, the Exempts and the Paid departments. The name and history of practically every man who ever signed the fire rolls; stories of the heroes; lives of every chief, fire marshal are in the volumes.
And bound there in the cabinet for posterity are compilations of causes of fires, the history and romance of early day fire bells, detailed accounts of firemen injured or killed, social affairs, parades, records of the pioneer engines and what happened to them, the origin of our water supply, a long record of every notable fire since 1847, (alarms since 1775), even stories of each firehorse—and countless other data unbelievable in scope.
From this mass of material, Battalion Chief Frederick J. Bowlen has now got down to concrete effort—writing of the History of the San Francisco Fire Department. From these volumes he is taking the essential facts, the tales of heroism, the valuable reports, the details of history that will make one complete, honest, accurate account.
Battalion Chief Frederick J. Bowlen was yesterday (1939) notified that he had been made an honorary member of the famous pioneer Liberty Engine Company No. 1, Gold Hill, Nevada. Notification came on an original highly-colored lithographic certificate, dated May 22, 1867. Gold Hill, once a teeming mining city, is now practically a ghost city, but its Fire Department is maintained with all the ancient traditions.
Back to the Top


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Q. What is all natural sea bird nests make of? How does it benefit the body?
A. All natural sea bird nests main ingredients include sea natural aquatic plate proteins and enzymes derived from essence of the sea. It has high collagen content. Which aids in skincare, digestion & improve gut motility. Its rich source of iron helps to increase body's storing and creation of iron & red blood cells content. This enhances oxygen carrying capacity of blood and improves blood circulation. Its good source of calcium helps to build healthier & stronger bones. By replenishing body's calcium, it can also prevent osteoporosis. As it contains all pure natural products, there are no side effects and is suitable for long term consumption.
Q. How do all natural sea bird nests alleviate osteoporosis and joint pain?
A. All natural sea bird nests has a high calcium content, as much as 600 times more then what we can obtain from animal sources. In other words, consuming 1kg of all natural sea bird nests is equivalent to consuming 600kg of meat in terms of calcium content. The high content of calcium and collagen rapidly replenish cartilage erosion and calcify the bones, thus reducing pains caused by cartilage & bones inflammation while increasing bone density.
Q. How important is iron in our body?
A. The lack of iron results in iron deficient anemia, fatigue and inadequate oxygen carrying capacity of blood. With all natural sea bird nest's high iron content, which is equivalent to 28 times the amount found in pork liver, is an essential component for the formation of healthy red blood cells, scientifically known as haemopoiesis (blood forming).
Q. What is collagen? How does it benefit out body?
A. Collagen recently has become a hot topic among numerous cosmetic product. Its effects are well known and widespread throughout the body. Not only for its anti-aging and skin repair abilities, collagen is needed to maintain the integrity of blood vessels and act as a structural support for cartilage, tendon, tissues and even the cornea of the eyes. As collagen is present in large amount in all natural sea bird nests, it accelerates the healing process of our skin, prevent outbreaks, ease blemishes and lighten scar marks, leaving your skin radiant & supple.
Q. Why should we consume dietary fiber?
A. According to the dietary guidelines given by Ministry of Health, an adult should consume around 25-30g of dietary fibers a day to meet his daily needs. However, according to surveys conducted, most working adults consumed less then this required amount due to hectic lifestyle and unhealthy eating habits. Dietary fibers are the indigestible portion of plant


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A gathering of leaders from Insight Meditation centers and groups
to cultivate the seed of Insight in the West
The InterSangha meeting began in 2009 as a gathering for leaders from California groups, but quickly expanded to include all of North America in 2010. Now the meeting is organized by the Buddhist Insight Network and regularly attracts 60 or more leaders from several dozen groups.
The overarching purpose is to create community and generate collective wisdom around developing our Insight sanghas and the Insight Meditation Movement as a whole. Through these meetings, we are forming a network of support – a "sangha of sanghas."
Participants have the opportunity to:
- Practice and share dialogue with other leaders in the Insight Meditation Movement
- Learn what other groups around North America, and beyond, are doing
- Share what their own group is doing
- Gain practical tools to serve their communities
- Meet people, make friends, and find inspiration
- Help envision the emerging role of the Insight Community in wider society
InterSangha occurs in a field of generosity. The meeting is offered freely. A volunteer cooking team supplies meals each day, and attendees themselves wash dishes and help clean the center. All of this group effort makes for a stronger sense of community, allowing our work together to unfold beautifully. Please see also the pages for individual meetings:


Naturelly Juicy Jelly Pouch range with Vitamin C
Fun for Kids. Come and play with us!
We want to help parents encourage their Naturelly curious kids to have fun, live healthy and grow up Naturelly brilliant. We believe every child deserves an active, well-balanced childhood full of imaginative play. Play outdoors and do these nature inspired things together!
Play Outdoors!
Be inspired by nature and enjoy these must-do things that are fun for kids and parents to do together!
Roll down a really big hill
Go on nature trails
Fly a kite
Build a Den
Hunt for creepy crawlies
Create some wild art
Create a garden theatre
Build a sandcastle
Go stream dipping


text:
Learn more physics!
What would happen if... I have a round magnet with a hole in it. Then I put a magnet shaped like a nail, into the center of the other magnet? Would it float? If I spun the magnet around the inner magnet, would it spin the inner magnet?
Thank you very much.
- Matt K. Leiner (age 40)
South Lyon, MI
The inner magnet would definitely not float. A mathematical theorem due to Earnshaw proves that there\'s no way to get a magnet to float with any scheme like this. The nail will pull over to the other magnet and get stuck on it.
For your second question, let\'s assume the nail-magnet was tied on a string or something to keep it in the center, but free to rotate. What it does when the round magnet spins will then depend on how the round magnet\'s poles are configured. (I\'m assuming the poles of the nail are at its ends.) If the round magnet has, say, the south poles on its inside ring and the north poles outside, spinning it won\'t change the magnetic field and won\'t make the nail spin. If the ring\'s south pole is on one side (say left) and the north pole on the other, spinning it will make the fields spin with it. That will make the nail spin with it, at least for slow spin rates.
(published on 05/16/2013)
Follow-up on this answer.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I noticed that with the new messages' feature, chat messages seem to be archived (or at least those chat messages sent after activating the new platform). How does one tell the difference between one that was sent via chat window (at the bottom) versus the message inbox.
My current way to sort is by emoticons since friends tend to make emoticons more frequently than a message sent from the Inbox.
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1 Answer 1
up vote 2 down vote accepted
It kind of works like in Google Wave. If you're both online then if your friend sends you a message, you get a chat conversation and it is archived in your inbox. Regardless of where the message was composed, if both of you are online on chat then the recipient would receive it in the chatbox and the inbox. If one of you is offline, then it would go straight to the inbox.
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Your Answer


text:
Inheritance diagram for PSmartPointer:
Public Member Functions
|PSmartPointer (PSmartObject *obj=NULL)|
|PSmartPointer (const PSmartPointer &ptr)|
|PSmartPointer &||operator= (const PSmartPointer &ptr)|
Overrides from class PObject
|virtual Comparison||Compare (const PObject &obj) const|
Pointer access functions
|PBoolean||IsNULL () const|
|PSmartObject *||GetObject () const|
|Object the smart pointer points to. |
A PSmartPointer carries the pointer to a PSmartObject# instance which contains a reference count. Assigning or copying instances of smart pointers will automatically increment and decrement the reference count. When the last instance that references a PSmartObject# instance is destroyed or overwritten, the PSmartObject# is deleted.
A NULL value is possible for a smart pointer. It can be detected via the IsNULL()# function.
|PSmartPointer::PSmartPointer||(||PSmartObject *|| obj =
Create a new smart pointer instance and have it point to the specified PSmartObject# instance.
|obj||Smart object to point to.|
|PSmartPointer::PSmartPointer||(||const PSmartPointer &||ptr||)|
Create a new smart pointer and point it at the data pointed to by the ptr# parameter. The reference count for the object being pointed at is incremented.
|ptr||Smart pointer to make a copy of.|
Destroy the smart pointer and decrement the reference count on the object being pointed to. If there are no more references then the object is deleted.
Determine the relative rank of the pointers. This is identical to determining the relative rank of the integer values represented by the memory pointers.
Reimplemented from PObject.
|PSmartObject* PSmartPointer::GetObject||(||)|| const
Get the current value if the internal smart object pointer.
|PBoolean PSmartPointer::IsNULL||(||)|| const
Determine if the smart pointer has been set to point to an actual object instance.
Assign this pointer to the value specified in the ptr# parameter.
The previous object being pointed to has its reference count decremented as this will no longer point to it. If there are no more references then the object is deleted.
The new object being pointed to after the assignment has its reference count incremented.
|ptr||Smart pointer to assign.|


Registration Dossier
Physical & Chemical properties
Currently viewing:
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
non flammable (EU method A.10, solids)
no pyrophoricity
no flammability on contact with water
Key value for chemical safety assessment
non flammable
Additional information
Based on experience in handling and use and the chemical structure pyrophoricity and flammability on contact with water are not to be expected.
Justification for classification or non-classification
The substance does not contain pyrophoric group.
The molecular structure of this substance does not contain groups that indicate potential reactivity with water.


Angularjs Interview Questions and Answers Set 9
81.What Are Different Ways To Create Service In AngularJS?
There are 5 different ways to create services in AngularJS.
 1. AngularJS Value.
var app=angular.module("app",[]);app.value("username","Madhav");Code to use "Value":
app.controller("MainController",function($scope, username){$scope.username=username;});
 1. AngularJS Factory.
Let's take an example to create a Factory service.
app.factory("username",function(){var name="John";return {name:name}});
Code to use "Factory":
app.controller("MainController",function($scope, username){$;});
 1. AngularJS Service.
function MyExample(num){this.variable="value";}
app.factory("MyExampleService",["num",function(num){return new MyExample(num);}]);
 1. AngularJS Provider.
Let's take an example.
app.provider('authentication', function() {
var username = "John";
return { set: function(newUserName) { username = newUserName; },
$get: function() {
function getUserName()
return username;
return { getUserName: getUserName };
app.config(["authenticationProvider", function(authenticationProvider) { authenticationProvider.set("Mihir");}]);
 1. AngularJS Constant.
Here is an example of how we can create constants:
app.constant('applicationName', 'Service Tutorials');
82.List out the differences between config and run methods in AngularJS?
Config Block – Constants and providers can be injected into config blocks and this block can be created using config method.
Run Block – Run block will be executed after config block. Run block is used to inject constants and instances and this block can be created using run method.
Eg :
angular.module('myTestModule', []).
config(function (injectables) {
// config block
run(function (injectables) {
// run block
83.How Would You Use An Angular Service To Pass Data Between Controllers? Explain With Examples?
We can prepare the data service provider in the following manner.
app.service('dataService', function() {
var dataSet = [];
var addData = function(newData) {
var getData = function(){
return dataSet;
return { addData: addData, getData: getData };
Now, we'll inject the service dependency into the controllers.
Say, we have two controllers – pushController and popController.
$scope.callToAddToProductList = function(currObj){ dataService.addData(currObj);
$scope.dataSet = dataService.getData();
84.Mention what are the styling form that ngModel adds to CSS classes?
ngModel adds these CSS classes to allow styling of form as well as control:
ngvalid
nginvalid
85.What are animating elements in AngularJS?
ng-repeat enter, leave, move
ng-view enter, leave
ng-include enter, leave
ng-switch enter, leave
ng-if enter, leave
ng-class add, remove
ng-show add, remove
ng-hide add, remove
Weekend / Weekday Batch
86.Explain RouteProvider in AngularJS?
$routeProvider is the key service which set the configuration of URLs, map them with the corresponding HTML page or ng-template, and attach a controller with the same.
Let's see the following example:
var mainApp = angular.module("mainApp", ['ngRoute']);
mainApp.config(['$routeProvider', function($routeProvider) {
$routeProvider.when('/addEmployee', { templateUrl: 'addEmployee.htm', controller: 'AddEmployeeController' })
.otherwise({redirectTo: '/addEmployee'});}]);
Following are the important points to be considered in above example.
routeProvider is defined as a function under config of the mainApp module using a key as '$routeProvider'.
$routeProvider.when defines a URL "/addEmployee" which is then mapped to "addEmployee.htm". This should be present in the same path as main HTML page.
"otherwise" is used to set the default view.
"controller" is used to set the corresponding controller for the view.
87.Explain what Angular JS routes does?
Angular js routes enable you to create different URLs for different content in your application. Different URLs for different content enables user to bookmark URLs to specific content. Each such bookmarkable URL in Angular.js is called a route.
Injecting a value into an Angular.js controller function is done by adding a parameter with the same name as the value
88.Explain how routing works in AngularJS?
Routing enables to create different URL for different content in our application. Different content for different URL enables to bookmark the URL of specific content and this is called route and this mechanism is called routing.
89.What Is Ng-View In AngularJS?
The ng-view tag creates a placeholder where an HTML or ng-template view can be placed based on the configuration.
Let's take an example.

In other words, ng-view is the directive that works as a container for angularJS to switch between views.
90.How to make Http get request from AngularJS with an example?
From AngularJS we can use "$http" service. Below is the sample code for http get request –
// code here
// code here


text:
How many Norwegian domain names are there? How many new domain names are registered and how many are deleted? Who are the biggest registrars for Norwegian domain names? On this page you can find statistics about the Norwegian domain marked.
Since 17 March 1987.no has been the national top level domain for Norway. In 1989 the database consisted of 19 domain names. In 1995 the number had increased to more than 1000 domain names and in year 2000 we exceeded 50,000 registered Norwegian domain names. In 2020 we exceeded 800,000.
Development in the number of new registrations of domain names
Table view of development in the number of new registrations of domain names
Number of new domains
The graph shows the development in the number of new registrations of domain names per year from 1999 until today. Three conditions may have impacted the numbers. In February 2001 some big changes were made to the terms and conditions. Each holder could now order more than one domain name, and did not need to document rights to the name. In February 2004 it became possible to register domain names with national characters (æ, ø, å and some other characters). In June 2014 private individuals were permitted to register domain names directly under.no (previously they could only register under 'priv.no).
Domain names secured with DNSSEC
DNSSEC (DNS Security Extensions) is a security mechanism that is added to the domain name system. With DNSSEC the response to a domain inquiry is signed in a way that makes it possible to check that the response is from the right source and has not been changed on the way. DNSSEC was introduced on the Norwegian marked in December 2014.


Distance Bulgaria Islington. Directions, total distances, average speed, travel time, calculate cost and fuel consumption
Road distance Bulgaria Islington
The total distance represents the road distance in km or miles between Bulgaria and Islington. Initially this is displayed in km but you can always change it using the settings (by selecting the distance in miles or the distance in km):
Average speed
The average speed for the route Bulgaria - Islington is calculated by taking into account the speed limit on each road segment as well as their length.
Travel time
The time required for a car to travel the distance between Bulgaria and Islington, taking into account the speed allowed for each road segment.
Time of arrival
The time of arrival in Islington is calculated considering that you are departing immediately from Bulgaria It takes into account the total travel time.
Fuel price
Total consumption
It represents total fuel (in liters or gallons) needed to travel the road distance from Bulgaria to Islington.
Calculate a new route
Addresses containing a street number: - 10 Street Name, Bulgaria
points of interest: - ATM Bulgaria or Hotel Name, Islington
postal codes: - 012345


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
In Norse mythology, Durinn is the name of a dwarf attested in the Poetic Edda poem Völuspá and repeated in Gylfaginning from the Prose Edda. He was the second created after the first and foremost dwarf Mótsognir. He is also attested in Hervarar saga, where he forged the magic sword Tyrfing with the help of Dvalin.
Modern influence[edit]
In Tolkien's Middle-earth, Durin the Deathless, a character based on the Norse figure, is one of the founding fathers of the Dwarves.


text:
The Happy Museum was delighted to invite Tom Crompton of the Common Cause Foundation to speak at a recent gathering of our 5-Year Study Group of museums. Tom spoke about the Foundation's research into Human Values and Frames and opened up a discussion into the implications and opportunities of this work in museums. He observed:
'Museums can play a crucial role in reflecting and shaping people's values – the things that matter to people in life. These values play a crucial role in determining levels of wellbeing, cultural belonging, and public expressions of concern about a wide range of different social and environmental challenges. Research suggests new ways to encourage reflection on values and the factors that shape these.
Common Cause Foundation recently worked with internationally leading social psychologists and Ipsos-MORI to conduct a survey of the values of one thousand demographically representative UK citizens.
They found that:
- 74% of UK citizens place greater importance on compassionate values (associated with greater wellbeing, cultural belonging, concern about social and environmental issues, and civic engagement) than selfish values
- However 78% of UK citizens underestimate the importance that a typical fellow citizen places on compassionate values and over-estimate the importance that they place on selfish values
- People who suffer such misconceptions about a typical fellow citizen's values also report higher levels of cultural estrangement and lower levels of civic engagement (they are less likely to have voted, for example).
- Asked what values they believe are encouraged by 'arts and culture – galleries, museums, theatre and music', most people say that they believe these institutions encourage compassionate values less than they themselves hold these to be important, and encourage selfish values more than they themselves hold these to be important.
Find out more about these findings and an opportunity for museums to engage with these questions hereExploring our values -an invitation to museums.


The association Sportegration organises a range of different projects for refugees in and around Zurich. The main focus is the enjoyment of sports played together.
We are locals, refugees and expats and together we are working out daily through a variety of sports such as fixboxing, running, Yoga and swimming. Dance classes and ballsports are also offered.
At Sportegration, sports provides a path to a successful social integration. No matter your age, gender or origin - everybody is welcome to join!
"Children and adolescents have a great need for motor activity. Just sitting around makes them depressed. For this they need appropriate space and freedom, such as that offered by Sportegration. Because there are no refugees or asylum seekers. These are all individuals who come to us. Each person is unique because of his/her biography and cultural background. It is about human dignity and it depends to a large extent on how well refugees and asylum seekers can meet their basic individual needs. Ensuring this is associated with considerable costs, for example for accommodation that enables people to live together in community. We need to raise these necessary finances. On top of that, the most important thing we can provide to these people are trustful relationships."
Remo Largo | pediatrician and author
Auf Instagram folgen 💙
Sie wollen sich bei SPORTEGRATION engagieren, haben ein Feedback oder eine Frage?
Kontaktieren Sie uns, wir freuen uns auf Ihre Nachricht!


text:
What is the name of the mountains between Spain and France?
- The Pyrenees
In Spanish they are called the Pirineos. In French, they are the Pyrénées. We know them as the place those fluffy white dogs come from. The Pyrenees mountains extend from the Bay of Biscay to the Mediterranean Sea, a distance that runs about 270 miles. We think it's pretty important that the American people know a little bit about these mountains, especially those in Township, Minnesota. They just elected a Great Pyrenees as their mayor! Source: The World Atlas
- The Alps
- The Ore Mountains


text: Commonly referred to as Birch (Betula Alba), the leaves and bark from which the extract is derived come from the Birch Tree. Birch is known for its purifying and detoxifying effects. The plant encourages the excretion of fluids and promotes metabolic activities. Birch has cleansing properties with a large number of minerals and microelements along with vitamins C and B that moisturize and soften skin. Birch extract has anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, astringent and tonic effects, therefore it is used for hair loss, dandruff and scalp itching treatment. Birch normalizes sebum output thus normalizing hair greasiness, toning up hair and making it shiny and elastic.


text:
Zaluzianskya is a small genus of flowering annuals and perennials grown for their lovely flowers. Native to South Africa, most plants in the genus of Zaluzianskya are drought-tolerant and low growing plants that can be grown in containers or in the ground.
Among many popular species, Zaluzianskya capensis is grown widely for its lovely and fragrant flowers. In fact, the plant is known for intoxicating and potent fragrance that its flowers emit. Flowers of Zaluzianskya capensis start blooming early in the day and the fragrance becomes stronger and stronger with the passage of time. As the night approaches, the small white flowers emit a potent and somewhat addicting fragrance that reminds of vanilla or almonds. That is why the plant is commonly described as Midnight candy or Night Blooming Phlox.
Zaluzianskya capensis is quite easy to grow from seeds that germinate easily when sown in early spring. Young plants require average watering and partial sun. Mature plants can be grown under shade or full sun. However, it should be protected from frost and long spells of cold.
Generally Zaluzianskya capensis benefits from a rich soil that is moist during the summer but well-drained in winter.


Why there's Rainbow Beach sand sitting on the moon
WE ALL love to walk along the fine sands of Rainbow Beach, but not many people would know the sand's link to Neil Armstrong's historic first ever moon walk 50 years ago.
Rutile extracted from Cooloola Coast sand deposits back in the '60s had gone into the manufacture of titanium used on the Apollo 11 space craft.
In fact the spindly legs of the lunar module made from our Wide Bay sand, were the first part of the craft to touch the moon and are still up there today.
At the time about 90 per cent of the world's titanium came from Australia.
Queensland Titanium Mines Pty Ltd at Rainbow Beach filled a large part of the export market ensuring our place in space history.
Titanium made from the Wide Bay's sand was used to build the Apollo 11 command ship Columbia, its lunar module lander Eagle and the Saturn five rocket that put the men into orbit.
The space capsules heat shield that protected the craft during re-entry into the earth's atmosphere was also made of titanium alloys.
Sand mining ceased at Rainbow Beach in the mid-1970s due to environmental concerns.


Exclusive Consumerism Essay Topics
Since the dawn of capitalism, when the phenomenon of consumerism started its expansion, it has dramatically reshaped the value model of most people. And, as an extremely controversial and sophisticated culture, it began enticing myriads of scholars eager to explore this social order through their academic works. In this regard, we decided to follow this long-lasting trend and give you some killer consumerism essay topics to develop you paper on!
consumerism essay topics
Consumerism Essay Topics
 1. The impact of advertising on kids.
 2. Consumerism today.
 3. Consumerism among the young.
 4. How harmful is consumerism to today's generation?
 5. Consumerism in mass media.
 6. The culture of consumerism in films.
 7. The criticism of consumerism in "Fight Club" by Chuck Palahniuk.
 8. The tragedy of consumerism.
 9. Consumerism online.
 10. Consumerism and the American Dream.
 11. "99 Francs": a satire on advertising.
 12. The anti-consumerism in "Generation P" by Victor Pelevin.
 13. The narrator in "Fight Club" as a living embodiment of consumerist culture.
 14. The evolution of consumerism in the 20th century.
 15. The shift in human values caused by consumerism.
Consumerism Debate Topics
 1. The social factors that have contributed to consumerism.
 2. Does consumerism have any pros?
 3. Can the impact of consumerism culture be reduced?
 4. Women are more exposed to the culture of consumerism than men: truth or myth?
 5. The problem of consumerism among US teenagers.
 6. The phenomenon of ethical consumerism.
 7. Can consumerism be considered an illness?
 8. Is the problem of consumerism exaggerated?
 9. What prompted the rise of consumerism?
 10. The role of top clothing and food brands in the expansion of consumerism.
 11. The advancement of digital marketing as a force boosting consumerism.
 12. The unique contribution of the IKEA brand in the proliferation of consumerism.
 13. The beneficial role of US legislation in the promotion of consumerism.
 14. How can the errors of consumerism be confronted today?
 15. Is the consumer behavior that adults display formed in their childhood?
Informative Essay Topics on Consumerism
 1. The great role of social media in the promotion of consumerism.
 2. The state of the consumerist culture in Third World countries.
 3. How parents "nurture" consumer behavior in their kids.
 4. The renowned luxury consumption in Tallinn.
 5. How consumerism is approached by the "gods" of Hollywood.
 6. The rise of consumerism in Post-Soviet countries.
 7. The anti-consumerist movement in Europe today.
 8. Consumerism as one of the major triggers of the plastic problem.
 9. How the consumerist culture affects the intelligence of its "slaves."
 10. The outlook for consumerism in the 2020s.
 11. The higher risk of developing a mental illness in the followers of consumerism.
 12. Is social media addiction a special form of online consumerism?
 13. The rise of consumerism in the background of the pollution problem.
 14. The impact of celebrities on consumer behavior.
 15. How mass media raises awareness of the problem of consumerism.
The Bottom Line
The challenging problem of consumerism concerns today's society and makes a good number of its members question their deep-rooted habits and views. With the help of the compelling consumerism essay topics we provided in our article, you can make your own contribution to the understanding of this global phenomenon. Make sure to use the one you liked the most, then!
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Knowledge Base Article 838454 describes the new Microsoft.BizTalk.MessageBoxOM.MessageArchive object that was added to Microsoft.BizTalk.MessageBoxOM.dll. Currently, the package is only available through Microsoft Support.
There are a few things that this KB Article does not describe: remember that the Microsoft.BizTalk.MessageBoxOM.dll file is in the GAC. Currently, Visual Studio.NET 2003 does not allow you to add references to components in the GAC. To get past this, you can choose one alternative between these two solutions:
1 - Extract the dll from the GAC to a place where you can add reference to it (perhaps C:\)
In a DOS prompt, run the following command:
copy %systemroot%\assembly\GAC\Microsoft.BizTalk.MessageBoxOM\\Microsoft.BizTalk.MessageBoxOM.dll
Where has been replaced by the path to your BizTalk project's directory (for instance C:\MyProject)
2 - Manually edit the Visual Studio Project file (.csproj,.btsproj,.etc)
To add a reference to this assembly you must edit the project file (.csproj,.btproj,.etc) in a text editor. The following code snippet shows the code that must be added to the reference element of the project file to reference the assembly:
 Name = "Microsoft.BizTalk.MessageBoxOM"
 AssemblyName = "Microsoft.BizTalk.MessageBoxOM"
 HintPath = "\assembly\GAC\Microsoft.BizTalk.MessageBoxOM\\Microsoft.BizTalk.MessageBoxOM.dll"


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Does anyone have a definition of the term "scamp", as used in the UX community?
By context of use, it appears to be some kind of wireframe, but careless?
Examples of actual scamps would also be very helpful.
Searching for "scamp" on google isn't very helpful, being also a proper word.
share|improve this question
closed as not a real question by Charles Boyung, JohnGB, Benny Skogberg, 3nafish, Charles Wesley May 14 '13 at 15:20
What is the context of this? Is it something you've overheard, or was it a client request? It's not something I've ever come across. A 'careless' wireframe I would refer to as a'sketchy' one drawn up in a hand-drawn style. – JonW Oct 27 '11 at 11:10
A miserable little pile of mockups! But enough talk, have at you! – Ben Brocka Oct 27 '11 at 13:32
2 Answers 2
up vote 10 down vote accepted
According to Wikipedia, in the UX context a Scamp is:
Scamp - a first rough or mockup usually used in artworking terms (scamp up a design during a design brief).
/EDIT - Another link discussing possible origins of the term: What is a Scamp?
Finally, here are another load of definitions.
 1. Preliminary design or layout of an advertisement or other promotional material.
 Found on _URL_
 2. A sketch of a design showing the basic concept.
 Found on _URL_
share|improve this answer
Thanks, Jon. :) – Bob Oct 27 '11 at 11:38
so some mashup of a sketch and a comp - it should be a skomp surely! – Roger Attrill Oct 27 '11 at 13:42
UX seems to treat the concept of'scamps' a little differently to other design disciplines, where the definition above seems spot-on. But UX people generally seem to use the term to mean something that sits conceptually in between a wireframe and a finished visual design - a wireframe with added visual design information, if you like.
They seem most useful in the context of developing additional layouts or functionality for an existing site, when it can be useful for the client to see mock-ups that have the header and footer and some of the design language they're expecting to see, but at short order.
Here is a lovely Pinterest board of various design scamps: _URL_
share|improve this answer


[R] Calling R from fortran
Michael Prager Mike.Prager at noaa.gov
Wed Jul 13 01:56:39 CEST 2005
An hour's worth of contour plots (12) should be able to be saved in far
less than 1 Gb, depending on the detail desired.
Here is one way to do your task. There are other, and probably better, ones.
At each time step (5 mins), you could have the Fortran program write a
data file and then write and execute a script file. The script file
would call R as a batch process to make a contour graph and save it (as
PNG perhaps), and then the script would delete the data file. You might
want to have the generated script files omit the "delete" step once per
hour, just in case the R step should fail when you are not around to
observe the failure.
I don't know if R can easily read Fortran unformatted (sometimes called
"binary") data, or how. That would speed up the Fortran I/O and
possibly reduce file size. If you go with formatted output, consider
limiting the number of decimal places you write to save disk space. In
most applications, you won't need great precision for simply making
graphs. Also, for writing large amounts of data, test various block
sizes on the Fortran OPEN statement to get best I/O speed.
Another possibility would be to use a Fortran library (like the free or
inexpensive DISLIN) that can make the contour plots directly, without
using R.
simon wrote on 7/12/2005 4:02 PM:
>The following may sound stupid so please forgive my stupidness. I have a
>question which I don't know how to name it so I have to start from the
>beginning. In an attempt to gain better understand how a photochemical
>air qaulity model works, I plotted hourly ozone concentration contour
>from the model's standard output to observe the changes in simulation.
>Because the model actually peroform simulation in time steps of 5
>minutes, it will give a better resoultion if I can plot the ozone
>concentration with time resolution close to the model. However, if I
>modify the model to output data at every time step, it will be
>impossible for the computer to store this much information( the hourly
>standard output is close to 1gb). I was wondering if it is possible to
>modify fortran to call R or something, which can just plot a contour at
>every time step rather than put it as data. I am not sure about how to
>call this act. Also, if this is possible, will output of a contour give
>a smaller file size than data?
>Thanks in advance,
Michael H. Prager, Ph.D.
Population Dynamics Team
NOAA Center for Coastal Habitat and Fisheries Research
NMFS Southeast Fisheries Science Center
Beaufort, North Carolina 28516 USA
More information about the R-help mailing list


text:
Protestantism in Italy
While Catholicism is by far the largest Christian denomination in Italy and the country has more cardinals than any other country in the world, Italy is also home to a significant minority of Protestants. The oldest of the non-Catholic entities, the Waldensian Evangelical Church, is a pre-Lutheran Protestant community (which then adopted Calvinist theology, so that it can be considered the Italian branch of Reformed churches) and is based in some valleys of Piedmont. Since 1975 the Waldensians form a united church with Italian Methodists, who have traditionally had a non-episcopal polity.
The Federation of Evangelical Churches in Italy (FCEI), formed in 1967, comprises all the historical Protestant churches of Italy (including the Waldensians and Methodists, the Lutheran Evangelical Church in Italy, the Baptist Evangelical Christian Union of Italy, and some minor churches), plus two observer members with a large following (the Federation of Pentecostal Churches and the Italian Union of Seventh-Day Adventist Christian Churches).
In the 20th century, Jehovah's Witnesses, Pentecostals, non-denominational Evangelicals, and Mormons were the fastest-growing Protestant churches. Immigration from Western, Central, and East Africa at the beginning of the 21st century has increased the size of these churches, as that of Baptists and Anglicans.
In 2006 Protestants made up 2.1% of Italy's population.
See also
|This Christianity-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|
|This Italy-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


text:
(covers information from several alternate timelines)
A subspace bubble is an encompassing energy field which can be used to protect objects or people from various environmental effects.
In 2371, an exploding microscopic singularity passing through the Sol system created a subspace bubble around the USS Defiant, isolating it from changes in the timeline inadvertently effected by three crewmembers who had traveled back in time to the year 2024. This allowed the Defiant crew to observe an alternate timeline in which Starfleet apparently did not exist and Alpha Centauri was under the control of the Romulan Star Empire. The timeline was later restored when the crew was able to ensure that events in the past unfolded as they did in the original timeline. (DS9: "Past Tense, Part I", "Past Tense, Part II")
A subspace bubble can be formed around a person. This variation was used by Seska on a Kazon raider to bypass a force field, in order to retrieve a Federation replicator that she had traded in turn for a Kazon-Federation alliance. (VOY: "State of Flux")


text:
From May 1, 2023, the size of the basic calculation value used to calculate the number of state fees will increase in Uzbekistan, including for actions with objects of intellectual property.
The size of the basic estimated value increases by 10% (from 300,000 to 330,000 Uzbekistani sum). Accordingly, all fees for filing applications, registration, and other actions with trademarks, patents, and industrial designs in Uzbekistan will increase by the same amount.
In particular, at the current exchange rate of the Uzbekistani sum, the state fee for applying for TM in one class will be about $700, and $235 for each additional class. Read more


text:
I want to show a multi-overlap using a button but the overlap does not appear.
Check the following points:
- Multi-overlap (icon) is not place on the screen.
- Multi-overlap setting (icon) is not correct.
- Macro commands are not correct.
- To show multi-overlap using PLC command, please click here.
- To show multi-overlap using macro command, please click here.
- Go to [Home] or [Parts] > [Multi-overlap] and place a multi-overlap icon.
This icon still works when you place it outside editing area of the screen.
- Double-click the multi-overlap icon and check the overlap ID setting in the [Operation Select] dialog box.
Double-click a switch and set the same ID number as the ID checked in the multi-overlap icon.
- Double-click the multi-overlap icon and select [Multi] from [Overlap Setting] and [Switch] from [Display Method].
- Double-click a switch and set the [Function] to [Overlap Control], check [Set Display No.] option box, and enter the overlap library number you wish to call.
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Investigations Visuals Guestbook In Memoriam Further Info Search
(title page)
CASB Majority Report
Flight Crew Scheduling Practices | Fatigue Assessment
Flight Crew Fatigue
Flight Crew Scheduling Practices
Daily flight-time limits and minimum crew-rest requirements have been established to reduce the potential for aircrew fatigue. Examination of the flight crew's flight time records for the month of December 1985 determined that the flight-time limitations of FAR 121.521 had been exceeded twice. In the 24-hour period commencing 0206 GMT, 05 December 1985, the flight crew's flying time was recorded as 13 hours 22 minutes, that is, 1 hour 22 minutes in excess of the 12-hour maximum. In the 48-hour period commencing 1018 GMT, 03 December 1985, the flying time recorded was 22 hours 24 minutes. Following this, only seven hours elapsed before the crew initiated its next flight. FAR 121.521 requires that a minimum of 18 hours crew rest be given when a flight crew member has been aloft for more than 20 hours during any consecutive 48 hours.
A review of FAA special surveillance reports determined that, on other occasions, Arrow Air flight crew had exceeded the requirements of FAR 121.521 with respect to flight-time limitations and crew rest.
It was the stated intent of the flight crew to ferry the aircraft to Oakland, California on completion of the night to Fort Campbell. The Board estimates that, at the completion of this flight, the crew would have accumulated about 15 flight hours in the 24 hours commencing with departure from Cologne. The crew's duty day would have approached 20 hours. Because the flight to Oakland was to be conducted without passengers, it was not considered an FAR 121 flight. Rather, it was to be conducted under the provisions of FAR 91. FAR 91 does not include any flighttime limitations or minimum crew-rest requirements. Thus, the flight could be conducted within the provisions of applicable FARs.
By scheduling non-revenue ferry flights under the provisions of FAR 91 at the completion of a series of FAR 121 flights, flight-time limitations and crew-rest requirements designed to reduce the potential for aircrew fatigue can be circumvented. The Board can find no reason to justify the absence of such limits and requirements for flights conducted by FAR 121 certificated air carriers under FAR 91.
To a large extent, the prevention of flight crew fatigue is dependent on the scheduling practices and policies of the air carrier. In the United States, the FARs provide a framework within which the carrier must operate; however, it is incumbent on the carrier to devise workable policies that meet the operational needs.
The pilot-scheduling policy developed by Arrow Air makes no reference to flight-time limits, duty-day limits or minimum crew rest It was determined by the Board that company scheduling procedures did not address flight crew fatigue factors. No maximum duty-day limit was established.
Fatigue Assessment
A detailed analysis of available information pertaining to each flight crew member's vulnerability to fatigue was undertaken. Consideration was also given to identifying behavioural evidence that could be attributed to fatigue. and the causal sequence of events leading up to the accident.
It was the opinion of the medical expert who testified at the Board's public inquiry that, in the 12 days leading up to the accident, the flight crew had been consistently exposed to work patterns and fatigue-inducing factors which were highly conducive to the development of chronic fatigue. These factors included short layovers, night departures, multiple time-zone travel, and a flight-hour accumulation of almost 57 hours in the previous 10 days.
There are no accepted toxicological tests which can verify the presence of, or quantify the influence of, fatigue. However, research has empirically identified certain fatigue-induced behaviours and associated performance decrements.
An analysis of what was known of the flight crew's behaviour while in Cologne, during the flight, and while on the ground in Gander indicated no clear behavioural pattern that could be associated with fatigue. As a result, the Board could not determine whether any individual flight crew member was in fact fatigued nor establish any cause and effect relationship between probable fatigue and the accident sequence.
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text:
CTSA: introduction: computer system
A computer system called the Company Tax System or COTAX supports CTSA.
- continues the support previously provided by the CTPF system for CTPF accounting periods,
- provides equivalent support for CTSA,
- has a built-in system of Help, Instructions and Training (HINT), which includes an Online Company Tax Manual (COM)
- like the other Revenue national systems, is managed by the Department in partnership with EDS.
If an office that does not have access to COTAX needs such access it should raise thematter, in the first instance, with the CT help desk (This content has been withheld because of exemptions in the Freedom of Information Act 2000).


text:
Do rebelliousness, emotional control, toughness and thrill-seeking still make up the essence of coolness?
Can performers James Dean and Miles Davis still be considered the models of cool?
Research led by a University of Rochester Medical Center psychologist and published by the Journal of Individual Differences has found the characteristics associated with coolness today are markedly different than those that generated the concept of cool.
"When I set out to find what people mean by coolness, I wanted to find corroboration of what I thought coolness was," said Ilan Dar-Nimrod, Ph.D., lead author of "Coolness: An Empirical Investigation." "I was not prepared to find that coolness has lost so much of its historical origins and meaningthe very heavy countercultural, somewhat individualistic pose I associated with cool.
"James Dean is no longer the epitome of cool," Dar-Nimrod said. "The much darker version of what coolness is still there, but it is not the main focus. The main thing is: Do I like this person? Is this person nice to people, attractive, confident and successful? That's cool today, at least among young mainstream individuals."
In research that has developed over several years, Dar-Nimrod, currently a post-doctoral fellow in the Medical Center's Department of Psychiatry, and his colleagues recruited almost 1,000 people in the Vancouver, British Columbia, area, who completed an extensive questionnaire on the attributes, behaviors and individuals they associated with the word cool.
In the journal article, the research is described as the first systematic, quantitative examination of what characteristics recur in popular understandings of the cool personality.
The researchers conducted three separate studies. In Study 1, participants generated characteristics that they perceived to be cool. In Study 2, two samples of participants rated dozens of these characteristics on two dimensions:
|Contact: Michael Wentzel|
University of Rochester Medical Center