text:
Email: Why You Should Use :fail: For Your Default Email Catchall
By default, your account catchall is configured to route all mail to your main account catchall (usually _EMAIL_). This would then route all mail sent to email accounts that do not exist to an account so you can make sure legitimate email was sent to the incorrect address.
Many times, this can create quota issues on an account due to not checking and clearing the catchall email account and thus it fills up with thousands of emails. Due to this, users will generally set their catchall settings to :blackhole: to make the messages stop being sent to the catchall email account. This does stop mail from making it to the inbox, but also misses another option to do the same thing. That is the :fail: option which would be displayed as the two "Discard" options in your SiteAdmin panel or cPanel access.
In general the two different settings both discard email that is not destined for an existing email account, an alias or a catchall alias. However, the way email is discarded differs between these two methods greatly:
- When you use :blackhole:, email is accepted and received into the server in its entirety. It is then processed completely as it is a successful mail delivery and then it is silently ignored which keeps it from making it to your inbox.
- This wastes server resources (CPU, memory and disk I/O) because the email is fully processed by the mail server before being ignored.
- Because the blackholed email is still sent through the whole mail delivery process before it is finally deleted, if any of the usual checks and routing that any email goes through fails, the email can be placed in the exim mail queue for later reprocessing. This can lead to tens of thousands of blackholed emails accumulating in the exim mail queue which in turn can cause a range of serious server performance and resource problems and will affect the normal and timely delivery of email.
- This causes emails that will never be delivered into the mail queue because checks such as sender verification are still carried out when the emails are processed. If the checks cannot complete, the email will stay in the mail queue and repeatedly reprocess until it is finally discarded (usually 4+ days). This can cause very large mail queues full of spam which is repeatedly processed causing severe server performance degradation.
- When you use :fail: the email is never accepted into the server. During the initial SMTP connection when the sender's SMTP server connects to your SMTP server, the sending SMTP server issues a command notifying your server which email address the incoming email is intended for. Your server then checks whether the recipient email account actually exists on your server (a POP3 account, an alias or a catchall alias). If it does not, your server issues a DENY command which terminates the attempt to deliver the email.
- This saves server resources because the email never has to be processed.
- Your server does not send a bounce message (just the DENY command).
- Your server does not send anything to the sender of the email (i.e. the address in the From: line).
- The sending SMTP server is responsible for notifying the original sender.
As you can see, using the :fail: setting helps keep your account from filling up with unwanted mail and also keeps the server performing at expected levels by not processing any mail that you don't want to be accepted. This keeps the mail queue low which in turn makes sure your incoming and outgoing email is being delivered instantly. Ir also makes sure that your sites keep running fast by making sure valuable server resources are not being wasted on incoming spam.


Volvo's Next Generations to Feature LiDAR and AI
Sensors on electric successor to XC90 – Complete sensor set. PHOTO Volvo
Volvo Cars' forthcoming fully electric flagship SUV will have safety technology as standard, helping to save even more lives.
The fully electric successor to Volvo Cars' XC90, to be revealed in 2022, will come with sensors, including LiDAR technology developed by Luminar and an autonomous driving computer powered by the NVIDIA DRIVE Orin system-on-a-chip, as standard.
By combining this hardware with Volvo, Zenseact and Luminar software for the next generation of its collision avoidance technology, Volvo Cars aim to reduce fatalities and accidents as a whole with this new safety package.
"By having this hardware as standard, we can continuously improve safety features over the air and introduce advanced autonomous drive systems," said Håkan Samuelsson, chief executive.
With the new safety package, Volvo Cars aim to reduce collisions and the reduction rate is anticipated to accelerate overtime via over-the-air software updates.
The new technologies are also designed to specifically address those traffic situations which result in a large portion of remaining severe injuries and fatalities found today.
"In our ambition to deliver even safer cars, our long-term aim is to achieve zero collisions and avoid crashes altogether," said Henrik Green, chief technology officer.
"As we improve our safety technology continuously through updates over the air, we expect collisions to become increasingly rare and hope to save more lives."
Once introduced, the technology is expected to mature over time, becoming more capable and allowing the car to assist and improve the capabilities of a human driver in safety-critical situations.
Whereas previous generations of technology largely relied on warning the driver for potential immediate threats, this new safety technology will over time increasingly intervene as needed to prevent collisions.
Volvo Cars also sees a potential added benefit of lower insurance costs as car crashes involving Volvo cars become increasingly rare.
Beyond the sensor suite and AI computing performance, Volvo's forthcoming flagship model will also come with backup systems for key functions such as steering and braking that make it hardware ready for safe, unsupervised autonomous driving once available.
These backup systems alongside LiDAR, compute and software will enable the Highway Pilot functionality, developed in-house together with Volvo Cars' autonomous driving software development company Zenseact.
Earlier this year, Volvo Cars announced it will use NVIDIA technology to centralize computing.
The core computer and autonomous drive computer both powered by NVIDIA technology allow its cars to become safer, more personal, and more sustainable over time through over-the-air updates, while also providing it with the computing power required for vision and LiDAR processing.
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About Open Access
"Getting back to the umbilical cord": Psychoanalysis, feminism and The Tin Drum
Lookup NU author(s)
Dr Teresa Ludden
Approaches to Teaching Grass's The Tin Drum
Approaches to Teaching World Literature
Full text for this publication is not currently held within this repository. Alternative links are provided below where available.
Theories of subjectivity (Freud, Lacan and Irigaray) are used to examine the representation of the central protagonist's existential crisis in Gunter Grass's novel 'The Tin Drum' (1959). I trace the theme of anxiety surrounding origins and the motif of returning to the umbilical cord. I concentrate on the complex way that imagery works in Grass's text. In 'The Tin Drum' images do not often correspond to just one idea but resonate with multiple meanings, and often a motif can mean two opposing things at the same time. This is true of the motif of returning to the umbilical cord, which at first appears to allude to escapism, and is then associated with an intense mode of remembering. "Getting back to the umbilical cord" thus means both escape from history (not facing reality) and getting back to history (remembering the details of the past that we have repressed or forgotten). The complex character of Oskar alludes to the dangers of both engaging and not engaging with the world and society. In both narrating birth and avoiding thinking it fully, the text suggests Oskar's reluctance to think origins, change and relationality, which is symptomatic of his desire to 'escape' from history. But the text simultaneously emphasizes that this escape is impossible. The motif of escaping/remembering history resonates on other levels of time--such as West Germany in 1959--and can highlight complexities of specific historical moments: the general reluctance to engage with German history during the 1950s, together with the growing realization of the impossibility of avoiding this activity and articulations from some quarters of the critical need to think through the German past.
Modern Language Association of America
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Take the 2-minute tour ×
var DEST_VALUE = 1
How can i check whether the variable holds some value or not. When i do this, it does not work...
share|improve this question
This will work as expected - neither if condition will evaluate to true so the inner code will never be hit. What are you trying to achieve? – Chris Francis Jun 28 '11 at 10:37
if(!DEST_VALUE) is same as if(DEST_VALUE == null), and from the code this will always be false. So it will not produce any result. – Talha Ahmed Khan Jun 28 '11 at 10:40
possible duplicate of How can I test whether a variable has a value in JavaScript? – Felix Kling Jun 28 '11 at 10:42
_USER_ Not strictly true - if DEST_VALUE was 0 it would also evaluate to true. – Chris Francis Jun 28 '11 at 10:43
_USER_: "if(!DEST_VALUE) is same as if(DEST_VALUE == null)" No, it doesn't. For instance,!0 is true but 0 == null is false. More to the point, though, if (!DEST_VALUE) has nothing to do with null unless DEST_VALUE happens to be null (in which case, the expression is true). It's about coercing the given value to a boolean, not comparing it to null. – T.J. Crowder Jun 28 '11 at 10:45
show 1 more comment
3 Answers
up vote 4 down vote accepted
Of course it doesn't do anything, because in your example DEST_VALUE resolves to true like APPDAYS_AFTER. Value that resolve to false when converted to a boolean in javascript are:
The empty string ''
The number 0
The number NaN (yep, 'Not a Number' is a number, it is a special number)
if you write
 txtSiteId.value = fileContents.Settings.SiteID;
you write "if DEST_VALUE is not true do something" (in your case it does nothing). If you want to check if a variables hold a value:
if(DEST_VALUE!== undefined){
 //do something
share|improve this answer
This will throw an ReferenceError as you may not reference variables that are not declared in JS. See my answer for a solution. – Steffen Müller Jun 28 '11 at 10:43
_USER_: The question clearly shows the variables being declared. – T.J. Crowder Jun 28 '11 at 10:47
But what about FileNotFound??? thedailywtf.com/Articles/What_Is_Truth_0x3f_.aspx – cwallenpoole Jun 28 '11 at 10:52
add comment
I use such function to check if variable is empty or not:
function empty( mixed_var ) {
 return ( typeof(mixed_var) === 'undefined' || mixed_var === "" || mixed_var === 0 || mixed_var === "0" || mixed_var === null || mixed_var === false );
share|improve this answer
Why would you do all this?!myVar checks for 'falsy' values, not just explicit false (such as myVar === false), so you don't need a bloated function to do the same as the native language capabilities. – Chris Francis Jun 28 '11 at 10:39
By the way, a string representation of "0" shouldn't evaluate to false, only an empty string... – Chris Francis Jun 28 '11 at 10:40
_USER_: Well, it's his function, he can do that if it matches his definition of "empty". It doesn't match mine, but... :-) – T.J. Crowder Jun 28 '11 at 10:48
Yes - that function was changed several times and you can see the final result. Why!myVar is not used - because all is not so simple. I had some issues when it worked not as I expected too. – Andron Jun 29 '11 at 21:33
add comment
I assume you mean "holds some value" like in "the variable has been created so it exists", right? Otherwise, your approach works perfectly fine.
If you want to check whether a variable exists in javascript, you have to check its parent object for the property - otherwise the script will fail. Each object in javascript belongs to a parent object, even if it seems to be global (then, it belongs to the window object). So, try something like:
 if (window.DEST_VALUE)
 // do something
share|improve this answer
add comment
Your Answer


text:
The grand Livadia Palace was created as a summer palace for Tsar Nikolas II. It was designed in the Italian Renaissance style by architect N. Krasnov (1864 - 1939).
Livadia was built on the site of the old palace and took seventeen months to build (from April 1910 - September 1911). Modern technologies were used to build the palace. No expenses were spared and besides Inkerman stone, the architect used all kinds of expensive material to create this beautiful White Palace. Its main entrance was designed in the form of a protruded portico and decorated with Carrera marble. The other portico was built in Arabian style and both are in their original form.
The Livadia Palace is of course known for a significant and historic event of the Second World War which took place here - the Yalta Conference.
This gallery holds pictures of the ground floor rooms where the Yalta Conference was held, as well as the first floor rooms with portraits of Tsar Nikolas II and his family, the Palace grounds and the Romanov family chapel.
Read more on Livadia (White) Palace HERE.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Chemical castration
Many people consider sexual abuse one of the worst crimes a person can commit. In these circumstances, it has been proposed by some that such an offender should be punished, normally in addition to a jail term, by castration.
Also in Spanish
I'm pro Chemical Castration
 1. James [4] argued:
 If this is the only way to stop someone from sexually abusing others then great. Losing the ability to have sex is rough, but if you cannot control yourself we need to protect the public. So it should be used for those that cannot control their actions. Something like pedophilia. They are attracted to younger people and a prison sentence is not going to change that.
I'm against Chemical Castration
 1. Timmy Cheeks [1] argued:
 In prison child sex offenders often die, it's possible for someone to not rape again when they get out of prison y o u can't give one solution for any given problem involving humans because everyone is different
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Take the 2-minute tour ×
I'm looking for a quick way to compute the Pontryagin dual group of the n-dimensional torus $\mathbb{T}^n$ (with $\mathbb{T} := \mathbb{R} / \mathbb{Z}$). The only way I know is from "Dikran Dikranjan - Introduction to Topological Groups" and is very tedious.
I thought so: $\mathbb{T}^n$ is compact then $\widehat{\mathbb{T}^n}$ has the discrete topology. The set $E$ of all the functions
$\mathbb{T}^n \to \mathbb{C} : x \mapsto e^{2 \pi a \cdot x}$
with $a \in \mathbb{Z}^d$ is a subset of $\widehat{\mathbb{T}^d}$ which separates the points of $\mathbb{T}^d$ (I mean: for any $x,y \in \mathbb{T}^d$ with $x \neq y$ exists some $\chi \in E$ such that $\chi(x) \neq \chi(y)$. Now I was hoping that Stone-Weierstass theorem could help me to prove that $E$ is dense in $\widehat{\mathbb{T}^d}$ and so that $\widehat{\mathbb{T}^d} = E$, because $\widehat{\mathbb{T}^d}$ is discrete. However I don't know how to apply Stone-Weierstass theorem in this case.
I thank you for any ideas!
share|improve this question
4 Answers 4
up vote 6 down vote accepted
The key case is the 1-dimensional torus. We want to show every continuous homomorphism $\chi \colon {\mathbf R}/{\mathbf Z} \rightarrow {\mathbf T}$ has the form $x \bmod {\mathbf Z} \mapsto e^{2\pi inx}$ for some integer $n$.
Any character of ${\mathbf R}/{\mathbf Z}$ can be pulled back to a character of ${\mathbf R}$ by composing with the canonical map ${\mathbf R} \rightarrow {\mathbf R}/{\mathbf Z}$. Let $\chi' \colon {\mathbf R} \rightarrow {\mathbf T}$ be the resulting character of ${\mathbf R}$, i.e., $\chi'(x) = \chi(x \bmod {\mathbf Z})$. All continuous homomorphisms ${\mathbf R} \rightarrow {\mathbf T}$ have the form $x \mapsto e^{2\pi ixy}$ for some real number $y$. Accepting this for a moment, we'd have $\chi'(x) = e^{2\pi ixy}$ for some $y$. Thus $\chi(x \bmod {\mathbf Z}) = e^{2\pi ixy}$. Taking $x = 1$, we get $1 = e^{2\pi iy}$. Therefore $y$ is an integer. Writing $y$ as $n$, for psychological purposes, $\chi(x \bmod {\mathbf Z}) = e^{2\pi inx}$ for an integer $n$, which is what you wanted.
Our task now is to compute the characters of ${\mathbf R}$. For this I like the method from Conway's "A Course in Functional Analysis". For any continuous homomorphism $\gamma \colon {\mathbf R} \rightarrow {\mathbf T}$, we want to show $\gamma(x) = e^{2\pi ixy}$ for some real number $y$. We will use differential equations. Because $\gamma(0) = 1$, by continuity $\int_0^a \gamma(t)dt \approx a$ for small positive $a$, so $\int_0^a\gamma(t)dt \not= 0$ for an appropriate $a$. Fixing such $a$, for all real $x$ we have $$\int_x^{x+a} \gamma(t)dt = \int_0^a \gamma(t+x)dt = \int_0^a \gamma(t)\gamma(x)dt = \gamma(x)\int_0^a \gamma(t)dt.$$ Therefore $$ \gamma(x) = \frac{\int_x^{x+a} \gamma(t)dt}{\int_0^a\gamma(t)dt}. $$ The right side, by the fundamental theorem of calculus, is a differentiable function of $x$, and therefore $$ \gamma'(x) = \frac{\gamma(x+a) - \gamma(x)}{\int_0^a\gamma(t)dt} = \frac{\gamma(a)-1}{\int_0^a\gamma(t)dt}\gamma(x), $$ so $\gamma'(x) = s\gamma(x)$ for a complex number $s$. By the theory of ODE, $\gamma(x) = Ce^{sx}$. Since $\gamma(0) = 1$, we have $C = 1$, so $\gamma(x) = e^{sx}$. Since $|\gamma(x)| = 1$, we have $e^{{\rm Re}(s)x} = 1$ for all real $x$, so ${\rm Re}(s) = 0$. Write $s = 2\pi iy$ for a real number $y$ and we're done.
I don't think you're going to find a 2-line proof of the computation of the character group of ${\mathbf R}/{\mathbf Z}$ or ${\mathbf R}$ because you need to get exponential functions from somewhere. Above we get them from our knowledge of solutions to the most basic first-order ODE, and to bring in an ODE we needed a clever idea to see that the a priori continuous function $\gamma$ is in fact differentiable.
share|improve this answer
Excuse me if I am being too naive: Is not this saying the representation of $S_{1}$ to $S_{1}$ is isomorphic to the integers? – Kerry Feb 25 '12 at 21:42
_USER_: you are not being too naive. The continuous homomorphisms from the unit circle to itself are the power maps $z \mapsto z^n$ for integers $n$, which compose with each other the same way that integers add (in the exponent), so the dual group of the unit circle is the integers. – KConrad Feb 25 '12 at 23:10
If you allow Stone-Weierstrass, all you need is that the "finite trigonometric polynomials" (= Laurent polynomials = finite linear combinations of $e^{2\pi i n x}$) constitute a $\bf C$-algebra of continuous functions on the circle that separates points and is closed under complex conjugations. "Separates points" is easy because $e^{2\pi i x}$ already separates points, and "closed under conjugation" is immediate. You can handle the $d$-torus the same way, using the fact that the $e^{2\pi i x_j}$ together already separate points. – Noam D. Elkies Feb 25 '12 at 23:34
_USER_: Thanks, this is very clear. – Kerry Feb 26 '12 at 5:55
_USER_-grade83: Use orthogonality of characters. Any character $\chi$ is uniformly approximable by a linear combination of the $e^{2\pi i k}$. If $\chi$ were not itself one of the $e^{2\pi i k}$ then $\chi$ would be orthogonal to functions arbitrarily close to itself, which is a contradiction. Likewise on the $d$-torus, with "$k$" interpreted as an element of ${\bf Z}^d$ rather than ${\bf Z}$. – Noam D. Elkies Feb 27 '12 at 3:52
You can read off a simple proof from Section VII.2 of Bourbaki's General Topology Part 2. Roughly, the proof goes as follows. Let $\mathbb{T}:=\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z}$, then any continuous homomorphism $\mathbb{T}^m\to\mathbb{T}^n$ lifts to a continuous homomorphism $\mathbb{R}^m\to\mathbb R^n$ which then is linear and maps $\mathbb{Z}^m$ into $\mathbb{Z}^n$.
share|improve this answer
In my setting the dual group of $G$ is the group of continuous homomorphisms $G \to \mathbb{T}^\times$, where $\mathbb{T}^\times = \{z \in \mathbb{C} : |z| = 1 \}$ is the circle group. So if I understand you say that if $\chi \in \widehat{\mathbb{T}^d}$ then I can extend $\chi$ to a continuous homomorphism $\chi^\prime : \mathbb{R}^d \to \mathbb{R}$. But I don't know how to do this, however I know how extend $\chi$ to a continuous homomorphism $\chi^\prime : \mathbb{


text:
height of a given pressure
approximates the actual height of a pressure surface above mean sea-level.
Therefore, a geopotential height observation represents the height of the
pressure surface on which the observation was taken.
A line drawn on a weather map connecting points of equal height (in meters)
is called a height contour. That means, at every point along a
given contour, the values of geopotential height are the same. An image
depicting the geopotential height field is given below.
Height contours are represented by the solid lines.
The small numbers along the contours are labels which identify the value of a
particular height contour (for example 5640 meters, 5580 meters, etc.).
This example depicts the 500 mb geopotential height field and temperatures
(color filled regions). The height field is given in meters with an
interval of 60 meters.
Geopotential height is valuable for locating
which are the upper level counterparts of
surface cyclones and


text:
Many people often wonder about the merits and demerits of owning a used and new car. It has grown to be a dilemma.
The differences between owning a new and used car are as follows:
- Buying costs
A brand-new car can cost up to 30–50% higher than a car that is used. However, the cost of the used car is subjective as it depends on how it has been maintained by the previous owner. Additionally, costs of repairs during the usage in the future should also be taken into account. Additionally, the quote of the used car itself varies from person to person. Several cars have a lower resale value and their warranty value also goes down when sold.
- Warranty coverage
The additional cost paid for a new car may be worth it for a few buyers as they get a warranty which will cover the car for a reasonable amount of time. Most of the new cars come with warranty plans that last for three years/36,000 miles or four years/50,000 miles, whichever comes earlier. Used cars can be bought with extended warranty packages like two-year/24,000-mile or a three-year/36,000-mile warranty, depending on your usage pattern. If you want to use your car for a longer period, the three-year plan is good.
- Running costs
Along with mileage and periodic maintenance charges, there are several other factors that contribute to the running costs. Most of the car manufacturers offer extra coverage period on powertrain parts like the engine, transmission, axles, and computer control systems. Some new cars even come with free scheduled service and maintenance. While such initiatives for new cars ensure they are maintained well and are returned in good condition, used cars too can have good quality parts.
Power trains parts can cost a lot on repairs. Hence, if the car itself is unreliable and your usage is rough, extended warranty packages can be useful. These warranty packages can save a lot of money in the long run, including repairs and replacements of AC system components, engine manifolds, etc. Along with that, free towing and other services like free delivery of your vehicle as also provided. Also, you can have peace of mind without having to worry about spending a lot of money at the time of repairs.
- Peace of mind
While buying a new car one does not need to worry about its history of repairs and the entire process of purchasing it is easy as the dealer completes most of the procedures as well. But if it is a used car, the process is tedious as you will have to spend a lot of time verifying the car's history, getting an independent mechanic for pre-purchase inspections, etc. Additionally, you will have to be aware of the previous maintenance routines, accidents, and the wear and tear that might pose unexpected problems while you are using it.


text:
Properties of sediment phosphorus in seven wetlands of the Swan Coastal Plain, South-Western Australia
*Subscription may be required
Seven wetlands from two dune systems on the Swan Coastal Plain, Western Australia were studied for sediment properties associated with phosphorus retention and potential remobilization. Sediments from the Spearwood Dunes had higher contents of silt, clay, and organic material. Sediment total phosphorus was positively correlated with water content, organic matter and silt content but inversely related to the amount of coarse materials. Part of the organic matter was refractory humic substances, and the molecular weight of humic acids ranged from less than 10,000 to over 600,000. Significant portions of sediment total P (5–73%) were bound to humic substances. The fraction of "loosely-bound phosphorus" (NH4Cl-P) accounted for less than 10% of total-P. NaOH-extractable P was high; some humic substances were extracted with NaOH. Correlations between phosphorus forms and other components suggest an affinity between 'fine particles' of similar hydrologic density during sediment transport and reworking, and this involves most humic-P in these wetlands.
|Publication Type:||Journal Article|
|Murdoch Affiliation:||School of Environmental Science|
|Copyright:||© 2000 Society of Wetland Scientists|
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Bio Logistic
Timilìa wheat
Synonyms: Timilia a reste bianche, Tumminia, Diminia, Tummulia, Riminia, Marzuolo siciliano, Marzuolo, Timilia napoletana, Napoletan. Known as Timilìahe, the cultivation of durum wheat has been practiced in Sicily for several centuries. It is thought that it was already known in ancient Greece with the name of Trimeniaios (τρεσ μηναιός).
During the 90-year war (_PHONE_) this wheat was cultivated in Lentini for the possibility of being sown late. Its synonym Triminia indicates the capacity that this wheat has to complete its cultivation cycle in three months.
The Franciscan monk Francesco Cupani (_PHONE_) speaks of Timilia in his Panphyton Siculum, describing it as "Triticum omnium durum Vernum spica longâ alba, angustâ barbâ nigricante" which means "A hard spring wheat, a long white spike, with thick black beard".
But we probably owe to Johann Wolfgang Goethe the most famous description of this wheat. In his "Voyage to Sicily" (1787) he describes it in this way: "The wheat is beautiful. Tumenia (TUMMINIA) -name that seems to come from Bimenia orTrimeniais a precious gift of Ceres: it's a kind of summer grain which ripens in three months. They sow it from January to June and it always matures within a certain time. It doesn't need much water but rather quite a lot of heat. From the beginning it shows a very delicate leaf, then it grows like other wheat and finally it acquires a lot of force".
This wheat was also found in Portugal, North Africa, France and particularly in Seville, Spain. The agronomist Hugo Werner German in 1885 reported the various names with which Triticum tumonia or Timilìa was called. The names varies according to the location and were as follow: Tremesino in Spain; Blé Trimenia, Trèmois, or Trimenia de Sicile in France and Dreimonatweizen (three-month grain) in Germany.
Timilia widespread throughout Sicily in the last century as in the first half of the century the cultivation of this variety reached a remarkable diffusion thanks to the adaptation to the different environmental conditions. However, in the second half of the 20th century it was almost entirely abandoned. Recently, thanks to the greater sensitivity towards healthier and more sustainable productions and to the passion of various farmers guardians of Sicily, Timilia wheat regained a prominent place in the production of wheat throughout the Sicilian territory.
Its flour is used in a mixture for the production of Castelvetrano's black bread which is typical of the western area of the island and Slow Food presidium.


will, there is a way."
Figure 2—A typical flagpole antenna.
From QST May 1999
"check logs." What are check logs?
Q When looking at the contest results in QST I often see a reference to "check logs." What are check logs?
A Check logs are logs that, for various reasons, are not eligible for entry into the contest. A log that is submitted past the entry deadline, or one that arrives on time but can't be used because of uncorrectable format problems, may be listed as a check log. A log might also be designated as a check log if there were discrepancies in the contest exchanges being sent, or if numerous scoring errors are discovered. By designating a log as a check log, it is listed in the results so that people know that station did submit a log to the Contest Branch. At times, participants may also submit logs for log-checking purposes only rather than as a competitive entry.
Don't confuse check logs with logs used for crosschecking purposes by contest officials. With improved software and computer techniques, all logs that are submitted to Headquarters in electronic format are now being crosschecked against one another to ensure more accurate and complete contest score reporting.
From QST May 1999
Which is the proper way to describe the 75/80-meter band?
Q Mike Usas, N8KXI, asks, "Which is the proper way to describe the 75/80-meter band? I've heard it called 75 or 80 meters by both old and new hams. Is it 75, 80 or both?"
A You've asked a good question. The answer falls into that gray area of Amateur Radio slang. For those who may be new to the hobby, the idea of using 75 or 80 meters to refer to the same band can be confusing.
Technically speaking, a wavelength of 80 meters corresponds to a frequency of 3750 kHz. A wavelength of 75 meters corresponds to 4000 kHz. When hams kick these numbers around in conversation they are usually referring to either the phone or CW/data segments of the band. When they say "75 meters" they are talking about everything from 4000 down to 3750 kHz—the phone portion of the band. When they mention "80 meters," they're usually discussing the band segment from 3750 kHz down—CW/data.
Of course, like anything else in common language, the terms are often interchanged, depending on who is speaking! For example, many hams simply say "80 meters" when they mean anywhere in the band.
From QST May 1999
I'd like to feed a dipole above my roof using my antenna tuner and a balanced feed line...
Q Larry Amann, K5TQN, asks, "I'd like to feed a dipole above my roof using my antenna tuner and a balanced feed line. However, my roof is metal and the feed line would have to rest on it for a considerable distance. I know that you need to keep open-wire feeders away from metal, but this is not possible in my case. Could I make my own shielded balanced line by using two lengths of coax in parallel?"
The idea of using two parallel lengths of coax to create a kind of "shielded" balanced feed line has a long history. A number of hams have used this approach in situations where they needed to pass a balanced feed line over an expanse of metal, such as a metal roof. The technique involves placing two coaxial cables in parallel (using tape or cable ties to keep them firmly together along the entire length), shorting the shield braids of both coaxial cables at both ends, and grounding the "shack side" of the braids at your antenna tuner (see Figure 1). The inner conductors of the coax then become your "shielded" parallel feed lines.
The primary drawback with this technique is that you will not enjoy the same degree of low-loss performance as you would with standard twin-lead or ladder line. On the other hand, it should allow you to maintain a balanced line all the way to your antenna, despite your metal roof.
Figure 1—You can make a shielded balanced feed line out of two pieces of coaxial cable. It won't have the same low-loss characteristics of open-wire or ladder line, but it is a workable alternative when the feed line must pass over a large metal surface.
From QST May 1999
I purchased an H-T that was supplied with a screw-on rubber duck antenna...
Q Kevin Kalil, KF4ZQK, asks, "I purchased an H-T that was supplied with a screw-on rubber duck antenna. I also own a 1/4-wavelength telescoping whip antenna that I'd like to use, but it has a male BNC connector. Is there some sort of adapter that will allow me to use this antenna with my H-T?"
AThe type of connector your H-T uses is known as an SMA. In this case, it is a female SMA. To use your telescoping whip all you need is a male-SMA-to-female-BNC adapter. These are commonly available from several QST advertisers.
From QST May 1999
Wednesday, June 23, 2010
I enjoy 6 meters, even when the band isn't open...
Q I enjoy 6 meters, even when the band isn't open. I've found that it is a terrific band for "local" communications up to a few hundred miles away. Some of the local signals, however, have an odd fluttering characteristic. What causes this? Does the fact that I live near an airport have anything to do with it?
A Take a look at Figure 2. The energy traveling directly between the horizontally polarized transmitting station antenna and receiving station is attenuated to about the same degree as in free space. But unless the antennas are very high or quite close together, an appreciable portion of the transmitted energy is reflected from the ground as well as from buildings and towers. These two signals combine at your antenna, and that's where things get particularly interesting.
When the signal strikes another surface, its phase is reversed. If the distances traveled by both signals were exactly the same, and if the reflection phase reversal was exactly 180°, the signals would arrive out of phase with each other and cancel completely. This never happens in the real world or you would hear nothing at all! Instead, the reflected signal travels a little farther. Combine this with the less-than-180° phase reversal and you have partial cancellation at the antenna, not total. Your statement about living near an airport provides an important clue. Signals bouncing off aircraft can arrive at your receiver with rapidly varying phase and amplitude, causing considerable flutter.
Figure 2—Part of the signal energy takes the direct path to the antenna, but another portion arrives as a wave reflected from the ground or other objects. There is a phase reversal with each reflection, and the distance the wave travels is greater as well. The signals combine at the antenna, adding and subtracting from each other.
From QST April 1999
I recently began using an Alinco DX-70 HF transceiver with an antenna tuner...
Q Daryl Pate, KC5SLQ, asks, "I recently began using an Alinco DX-70 HF transceiver with an antenna tuner and a multiband wire dipole antenna (using a coaxial feed line connected directly to the antenna—no balun). For a while, everything was fine. Now, however, I suddenly find that the SWR remains extremely high on all bands. I inspected the antenna and the feed line and they appear to be okay. Do you have any suggestions?"
Figure 1—A volt-ohm meter provides a quick test for possible feed line shorts (A). Test the function of the tuner and feed line by substituting a dummy load for the antenna (B).
A Obviously something has changed in your tuner and antenna system. Try the easy steps first (see Figure 1). Get a volt-ohm meter (VOM), disconnect the antenna coax from the tuner and measure the resistance between the center conductor and the connector shell. It should be infinite. If the VOM reads zero, you have a short somewhere in the feed line or at the antenna. Inspect the antenna again. Look for loose or broken connections between the coils or traps.
If you can get your hands on a dummy load, disconnect the coax at the antenna and substitute the dummy. A dummy load is just a resistor (or several resistors) in a box or can. It acts like an antenna without radiating much RF. Your transceiver should see about a 1:1 SWR on all bands and your tuner should be able to "match" this easily. If your tuner and transceiver behave properly when the dummy is connected, you've just eliminated them from your list of possible suspects.
But if the antenna tuner still doesn't work with the dummy load, it's time to pop the cover and do a visual inspection. Rotate both tuning capacitors. If you hear a mild scraping or feel the plates rubbing each other at any points in their rotation, you must attempt to reposition the plates so that they don't touch at any point. Look for errant blobs of solder that could be shorting a coil or capacitor. Gently tug on the wires to make sure they are firmly soldered in place.
From QST April 1999
Tuesday, June 22, 2010
What are loop Yagi antennas and why can't you use them at HF frequencies?
Q What are loop Yagi antennas and why can't you use them at HF frequencies?
A


rpn-expression that defines the formula. Consolidation functions are then applied normally to the PDPs of the COMPUTE data source (that is the rpn-expression is only applied to generate PDPs). In database software, such data sets are referred to as "virtual" or "computed" columns.
heartbeat defines the maximum number of seconds that may pass between two updates of this data source before the value of the data source is assumed to be *UNKNOWN*.
min and max define the expected range values for data supplied by a data source. If min and/or max are specified any value outside the defined range will be regarded as *UNKNOWN*. If you do not know or care about min and max, set them to U for unknown. Note that min and max always refer to the processed values of the DS. For a traffic-COUNTER type DS this would be the maximum and minimum data-rate expected from the device.
If information on minimal/maximal expected values is available, always set the min and/or max properties. This will help RRDtool in doing a simple sanity check on the data supplied when running update.
rpn-expression defines the formula used to compute the PDPs of a COMPUTE data source from other data sources in the same . It is similar to defining a CDEF argument for the graph command. Please refer to that manual page for a list and description of RPN operations supported. For COMPUTE data sources, the following RPN operations are not supported: COUNT, PREV, TIME, and LTIME. In addition, in defining the RPN expression, the COMPUTE data source may only refer to the names of data source listed previously in the create command. This is similar to the restriction that CDEFs must refer only to DEFs and CDEFs previously defined in the same graph command.
When pre-filling the new RRD file using one or more source RRDs, the DS specification may hold an optional mapping after the DS name. This takes the form of an equal sign followed by a mapped-to DS name and an optional source index enclosed in square brackets.
For example, the DS
specifies that the DS named a should be pre-filled from the DS named b in the second listed source file (source indices are 1-based).
RRA:CF:cf arguments
The purpose of an RRD is to store data in the round robin archives (RRA). An archive consists of a number of data values or statistics for each of the defined data-sources (DS) and is defined with an RRA line.
When data is entered into an RRD, it is first fit into time slots of the length defined with the -s option, thus becoming a primary data point.
The data is also processed with the consolidation function (CF) of the archive. There are several consolidation functions that consolidate primary data points via an aggregate function: AVERAGE, MIN, MAX, LAST.
the average of the data points is stored.
the smallest of the data points is stored.
the largest of the data points is stored.
the last data points is used.
Note that data aggregation inevitably leads to loss of precision and information. The trick is to pick the aggregate function such that the interesting properties of your data is kept across the aggregation process.
The format of RRA line for these consolidation functions is:
RRA:{AVERAGE | MIN | MAX | LAST}:xff:steps:rows
xff The xfiles factor defines what part of a consolidation interval may be made up from *UNKNOWN* data while the consolidated value is still regarded as known. It is given as the ratio of allowed *UNKNOWN* PDPs to the number of PDPs in the interval. Thus, it ranges from 0 to 1 (exclusive).
steps defines how many of these primary data points are used to build a consolidated data point which then goes into the archive. See also "STEP, HEARTBEAT, and Rows As Durations".
rows defines how many generations of data values are kept in an RRA. Obviously, this has to be greater than zero. See also "STEP, HEARTBEAT, and Rows As Durations".
Aberrant Behavior Detection with Holt-Winters Forecasting
In addition to the aggregate functions, there are a set of specialized functions that enable RRDtool to provide data smoothing (via the Holt-Winters forecasting algorithm), confidence bands, and the flagging aberrant behavior in the data source time series:
These RRAs differ from the true consolidation functions in several ways. First, each of the RRAs is updated once for every primary data point. Second, these RRAs are interdependent. To generate real-time confidence bounds, a matched set of SEASONAL, DEVSEASONAL, DEVPREDICT, and either HWPREDICT or MHWPREDICT must exist. Generating smoothed values of the primary data points requires a SEASONAL RRA and either an HWPREDICT or MHWPREDICT RRA. Aberrant behavior detection requires FAILURES, DEVSEASONAL, SEASONAL, and either HWPREDICT or MHWPREDICT.
The predicted, or smoothed, values are stored in the HWPREDICT or MHWPREDICT RRA. HWPREDICT and MHWPREDICT are actually two variations on the Holt-Winters method. They are interchangeable. Both attempt to decompose data into three components: a baseline, a trend, and a seasonal coefficient. HWPREDICT adds its seasonal coefficient to the baseline to form a prediction, whereas MHWPREDICT multiplies its seasonal coefficient by the baseline to form a prediction. The difference is noticeable when the baseline changes significantly in the course of a season; HWPREDICT will predict the seasonality to stay constant as the baseline changes, but MHWPREDICT will predict the seasonality to grow or shrink in proportion to the baseline. The proper choice of method depends on the thing being modeled. For simplicity, the rest of this discussion will refer to HWPREDICT, but MHWPREDICT may be substituted in its place.
The predicted deviations are stored in DEVPREDICT (think a standard deviation which can be scaled to yield a confidence band). The FAILURES RRA stores binary indicators. A 1 marks the indexed observation as failure; that is, the number of confidence bounds violations in the preceding window of observations met or exceeded a specified threshold. An example of using these RRAs to graph confidence bounds and failures appears in rrdgraph.
The SEASONAL and DEVSEASONAL RRAs store the seasonal coefficients for the Holt-Winters forecasting algorithm and the seasonal deviations, respectively. There is one entry per observation time point in the seasonal cycle. For example, if primary data points are generated every five minutes and the seasonal cycle is 1 day, both SEASONAL and DEVSEASONAL will have 288 rows.
In order to simplify the creation for the novice user, in addition to supporting explicit creation of the HWPREDICT, SEASONAL, DEVPREDICT, DEVSEASONAL, and FAILURES RRAs, the RRDtool create command supports implicit creation of the other four when HWPREDICT is specified alone and the final argument rra-num is omitted.
rows specifies the length of the RRA prior to wrap around. Remember that there is a one-to-one correspondence between primary data points and entries in these RRAs. For the HWPREDICT CF, rows should be larger than the seasonal period. If the DEVPREDICT RRA is implicitly created, the default number of rows is the same as the HWPREDICT rows argument. If the FAILURES RRA is implicitly created, rows will be set to the seasonal period argument of the HWPREDICT RRA. Of course, the RRDtool resize command is available if these defaults are not sufficient and the creator wishes to avoid explicit creations of the other specialized function RRAs.
seasonal period specifies the number of primary data points in a seasonal cycle. If SEASONAL and DEVSEASONAL are implicitly created, this argument for those RRAs is set automatically to the value specified by HWPREDICT. If they are explicitly created, the creator should verify that all three seasonal period arguments agree.
alpha is the adaption parameter of the intercept (or baseline) coefficient in the Holt-Winters forecasting algorithm. See rrdtool for a description of this algorithm. alpha must lie between 0 and 1. A value closer to 1 means that more recent observations carry greater weight in predicting the baseline component of the forecast. A value closer to 0 means that past history carries greater weight in predicting the baseline component.
beta is the adaption parameter of the slope (or linear trend) coefficient in the Holt-Winters forecasting algorithm. beta must lie between 0 and 1 and plays the same role as alpha with respect to the predicted linear trend.
gamma is the adaption parameter of the seasonal coefficients in the Holt-Winters forecasting algorithm (HWPREDICT) or the adaption parameter in the exponential smoothing update of the seasonal deviations. It must lie between 0 and 1. If the SEASONAL and DEVSEASONAL RRAs are created implicitly, they will both have the same value for gamma: the value specified for the HWPREDICT alpha argument. Note that because there is one seasonal coefficient (or deviation) for each time point during the seasonal cycle, the adaptation rate is much slower than the baseline. Each seasonal coefficient is only updated (or adapts) when the observed value occurs at the offset in the seasonal cycle corresponding to that coefficient.
If SEASONAL and DEVSEASONAL RRAs are created explicitly, gamma need not be the same for both. Note that gamma can also be changed via the RRDtool tune command.
smoothing-window specifies


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Definition of Intracranial
Intracranial: Within the cranium, the bony dome that houses and protects the brain.
An intracranial hemorrhage is bleeding within the cranium due, for example, to a stroke or leakage of blood from an aneurysm in the brain. The intracranial pressure is the pressure on brain and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the cranium.
Julius Caesar and his fellow Romans called the skull the "cranium" Today as a rule the "cranium" is taken to be the skull minus the mandible (the jaw bone).Source: MedTerms™ Medical Dictionary
Last Editorial Review: 6/14/2012
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Question by Julianne (31)
What are some simple face painting ideas?
I'm not much of an artist.
Answer by beelady (334)
A simple face painting could be a Butterfly, or tiger stripes. Other ideas are balloons, stars, and rainbows. For an easy full face you could do a clown face.
Answer by SallyJ64 (3121)
Always break down drawings into simpler shapes. Things that are made up of simple shapes are easier to draw or paint. The easiest are balloons and butterflys, rainbows, clouds and raindrops It's also easy to paint the whole face and turn the kid's face into something like a cat or a dog.
You have 50 words left!


text: The use of the wire arc spray process for the production of zinc and aluminum coatings as corrosion protection represents a rapidly growing market. In this paper, the effects of various spray parameters on the performance of the process for these materials are examined. The effects of arc voltage, current, and wire diameter have been studied for their effects on the main factors affecting process performance, spray performance, and application efficiency. The results of this study have led to the development of a spray system or a power supply to maximize the performance of the process for corrosion protection applications. Paper includes a German-language abstract.


text:
Can Parties Contract Out of Legislation
When parties enter into a contract, they often feel a sense of security in knowing that their agreement is backed by the force of the law. However, many may wonder if it is possible to contract out of legislation. Put simply, can parties agree to override laws that are meant to protect them?
The answer is not a straightforward one, as it depends on the particular laws in question and the jurisdiction in which the contract is being executed. In many cases, it is not possible for parties to contract out of legislation, as certain laws are designed to be mandatory and apply to all parties regardless of their agreements.
For instance, employment laws are often non-negotiable. This is to ensure that employees are protected from exploitation and are granted basic rights such as minimum wage, safe working conditions, and protection from discrimination. Any contract that attempts to sidestep these laws would be unenforceable and potentially illegal.
Similarly, consumer protection laws are often mandatory, ensuring that consumers are granted certain protections and rights when engaging in commercial transactions. Therefore, any contract that seeks to override consumer protection laws would be considered unenforceable and potentially illegal as well.
However, in some cases, parties may be able to contract out of certain legislation if it is permissible under the law. For example, parties may be allowed to agree to certain limitations of liability, or to waive certain rights that would be granted under the law. However, it is important to understand that such agreements are usually subject to strict requirements and scrutiny, such as requirements for informed consent and a clear and specific agreement between the parties.
It is also important to note that even where parties are allowed to contract out of certain laws, they cannot do so in a manner that would be considered illegal or against public policy. This means that parties may not agree to conduct that is illegal or unethical, even if such conduct would be permissible under their contract.
In conclusion, the ability of parties to contract out of legislation depends on the particular laws and jurisdiction in question. While some legislation may be negotiable, many laws are not and are designed to protect parties from harm and exploitation. It is therefore essential for parties to consult with legal counsel to ensure that their contracts are legally enforceable and do not run afoul of any laws or public policy.


text:
Survey of Energy Resources 2007
Geothermal Country Notes
The double-flash plant at La Bouillante in the French Overseas Department of Guadeloupe is at present the only example of the island's geothermal energy being utilised for electricity production. The plant was commissioned in 1985 but was closed between 1992 and 1996.
The French Agency for Environment and Energy Management (ADEME) contributed to the development of the Bouillante high-enthalpy field by supporting 20% of the cost of drilling new wells.
Following the rehabilitation of Bouillante 1, a 5 MWe double-flash unit, in 1996, the plant was able to supply 2% of the island's electricity supply in 1998. Extensive exploration of the Bouillante field ensued and led to the drilling of three new production wells and a plan to construct Bouillante 2, an 11 MWe unit some 400 m from the original plant. Bouillante 2 was put into service in 2005 and currently some 10% of electricity generation is supplied by the geothermal resource. Pre-feasibility studies for Bouillante 3 began in 2004 with the aim of geothermal power supplying up to 20% of the island's electricity in the future.


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Pepys was educated at Trinity Hall and Magdalene College, Cambridge and began his career as a clerk in 1659. In 1660, he obtained a position with the Royal Navy and began to keep a diary which he would continue until 1669, when his eyesight began to fail. The Diary was in a form of cipher which was not decoded until 1825, the year of its first publication by the efforts of Lord Braybrooke and John Smith. The first complete edition was not published until 1893. In 1672, Pepys was appointed secretary to the Admiralty, but in 1679 was committed to the Tower of London for his supposed complicity in the Popish Plot. Released soon after, he went to Tangier in 1683 and wrote an interesting diary while there. He was reappointed to the Admiralty in 1684 and at one point was one of the most powerful men in England. Pepys also wrote Memoirs of the Navy: 1690, which was published in 1906, but it is his diary that remains a unique and insightful study.
Find Printed Copy
The Diary of Samuel Pepys
Note: An Asterisk (*) after an author's name signifies that this is a Pseudonym


text:
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS, vol. 363, issue 2 (2006) pp. 260-268
Recently the Generalized Genetic Algorithm has been proposed, based on genetic algorithms and Tsallis statistics. Here, we study molecular preferences of the simple molecules and polypeptides by coupling the Generalized Genetic Algorithm and both a classical force field and a semi-empirical quantum mechanics procedure. The main characteristics of this stochastic algorithm is the capability to find the greatest number of minima for a given energy in an N-dimensional hypersurface supplying information about the visiting rates for each one of the conformational structures. The main advantage of this method over other global optimization procedures is that this approach provides additional information about visiting frequency of all local and global minima. These characteristics may provide the Populations of each conformation without using the (quantum or classical) Monte Carlo procedure. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Whistling feathers sound predator alarm
crested pigeon
Flights of fear: this crested pigeon has a secret alarm in its feathers (Source: Geoffrey Dabb)
Behavioural ecologist Dr Robert Magrath and student Mae Hingee of the Australian National University in Canberra report their findings today in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B.
Birds hang around in a flock rather than on their own because there are more individuals looking out for predators, says Magrath: "There are more eyes looking for danger."
But if one individual in a large group spots a predator, how does it communicate this to the rest?
While some bird species use vocal alarms to warn the rest of the flock, not all do.
One that doesn't is the Australian crested pigeon, Ocyphaps lophotes.
The bird has a very curious whistling sound when it flies, which seems to change when it flies off in alarm, says Magrath.
"You can close your eyes and know when a crested pigeon is flying around," he says.
Magrath says the whistling sound is so loud some might suspect it was made vocally, but it is actually made by the pigeons' wings.
"In fact one of their common names is the whistle-winged pigeon," he says.
Feather alarm
Magrath and Hingee hypothesised that the crested pigeon might be using its whistling feathers as an alarm.
To test this, they made model hawks which they used to scare flocks of crested pigeons.
They recorded the whistling sound made by pigeons taking off in alarm and compared this to a recording of the whistling sound made by birds taking off routinely.
Magrath and Hingee then analysed the characteristics of the different wing whistles on computer.
They found that each downbeat and upbeat of the wings produced different tones but the alarm signal was faster and louder than the routine flight sound.
The next step was to independently test whether the birds responded differently to these two different sounds.
Magrath and Hingee recorded the alarm and routine flight sounds onto CD and then played them back to flocks of birds.
"If you played back the routine whistle they just kept on feeding as if nothing had happened," says Magrath.
"If you played back the alarm whistle they just shot off - 80% of the flocks just went for the hills. Clearly the birds are playing attention to these whistles."
Alarm feathers
The researchers now want to look more closely at how the wings produce their alarm sound.
Magrath says there is a special feather on the wings that appears to be key to the whistles.
This feather amplifies the differences between slow and fast wing flapping, turning a routine whistle into an alarm whistle, he says.
Magrath says future tests will involve the use of high speed photography to try and associate particular wing strokes with particular sounds.
Other tests will place individual feathers in a wind tunnel to see if the alarm whistle can be recreated, he says.
Tags: animal-behaviour, birds


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This beautiful set of sculptures consists of eight figures - a bear, an owl, a bird, a whale, a fish, an elephant, a mouse and a rabbit (measuring between 26-75mm high). Age 2+
These beautiful sculptures will charm the children with their tactile nature and are ideal for sensory play. The set consists of eight figures - a bear, an owl, a bird, a whale, a fish, an elephant, a mouse and a rabbit (measuring between 26-75mm high). Once discovered, the animals can be sorted and matched by different criteria including colour, habitat and characteristics, promoting language and discussion.
Why not explore and build habitats for the animals: a nest for the bird, a river for the fish, an icy ocean for the bear? Children will enjoy creating characters for each creature making the set ideal for storytelling activities and small world play.
These engaging animals will be a great springboard to learning more about life in the wild, what animals are in your own environment and how the children might better care for them. Age 2+


Primary school bans anti-bullying book after mum complains about racist language
Friday, 19th January 2018, 10:28 am
Updated Friday, 19th January 2018, 10:28 am
A primary school has banned an anti-bullying book after a mum complained about the word 'P***' being used in a chapter about racist abuse.
Jay Desai, 39, claimed she was horrified when her nine-year-old daughter was told by teachers to read 'Deadly Letter' by Mary Hoffman.
The book, published in 1990, tells the fictional story of a girl called Prity who had just arrived in England from India.
During a three-page passage in the book, the word 'P***' was used to describe Prity's abuse at the hands of school bullies.
Greswold Primary School in Solihull, West Mids., has now removed the book from the library after Mrs Desai lodged a complaint with headteacher Karen Scott.
Mrs Desai, of Solihull, said: "I don't know how it was published in the first place let alone distributed to schools.
"It makes comments about white people - all again very disgusting especially when the book is aimed at six and seven-year-olds.
"The school have been excellent in the way they dealt with the issue.
"They listened to my opinion and took on board my concerns.
"In certain situations, if being someone was being bullied, the book could be great as it shows how a child feels when they are being bullied.
"But I don't think that particular word should be used in a book, especially one aimed at children."
Mind your language
Mrs Desai even tweeted the author about her concerns but Mrs Hoffman defended her choice of language.
In a statement, she said: "I am very sorry if anyone was upset or offended by my book, which was the opposite of my intention.
"I wrote the story partly to highlight casual racism which begins even in primary schools.
"My husband is half-Indian, I have three mixed-race children, now adults, and have been fighting racism all my adult writing life."
Parents whose children attend the school, which caters for 332 pupils aged 5-11 and rated 'Good' by Ofsted last year, were split on the decision to ban the book.
One dad, whose son attends the school, said: "Having read the book with my son, I think the word 'P***' as awful as it is, is appropriate.
"The word is used in the context of bullying and kids should learn from an early age that this word is not acceptable under any circumstances.
"I'm disappointed the school has bowed to pressure and banned the book from their library. Racism should be tackled head on, not swept under the carpet."
Racism lessons
Another mum added: "I think kids of ten or 11 need to be taught racism but young kids should be protected.
"It's like swear words, you wouldn't tell a six-year-old off for swearing because they don't know what they're saying but older kids need to be told what is ok to say."
Publishers Barrington Stoke defended the book, saying the context of the word 'P***' being used was appropriate.
A spokesperson said: "As publishers, we have every confidence in Mary's ability to tackle the difficult subject of playground racism and bullying truthfully and with sensitivity.
"The use of this offensive term is challenged in different ways - and there is absolutely no sense in which the word is seen as acceptable.
"Our belief is that this story shows a proper, nuanced understanding of the issues involved in a way that we hope is appropriate for young readers."


Quick Answer: What Is The Role Of Mannitol And Phenol Red In MSA?
What does a red color symbolize in a MSA plate?
Bacteria growing on mannitol salt agar are positive for mannitol fermentation if the culture medium under their colonies is changed from its normal red color to yellow, indicating acidic growth products.
Bacteria unable to use mannitol usually change the medium to a magenta color in the vicinity of growth..
What Bacteria grows on MSA?
Does E coli grow on MSA?
(A) Staphylococcus aureus, (B) Staphylococcus epidermidis, and (C) Escherichia coli streaked on a mannitol salt agar plate. … The growth of E. coli was inhibited by the high salt concentration.
What is the application of MSA?
Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) is used as a selective and differential medium for the isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus from clinical and non-clinical specimens. It encourages the growth of a group of certain bacteria while inhibiting the growth of others.
What does an MSA plate test for?
Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) is used to determine if the bacteria is halophilic (salt loving) and if the bacteria can ferment mannitol. If the bacteria is able to grow then it is a halophilic bacteria, due to it's ability to grow in a high salt environment.
Can gram negative bacteria grow on MSA?
The MSA agar will retain its initial red color and will not change to yellow. Gram-negative bacteria like E. coli and P. aeriginosa are not tolerant to salt (not halophilic) and will not grow colonies on MSA (see quadrants II and IV).
What is the role of phenol red in MSA?
If an organism can ferment mannitol, an acidic byproduct is formed that causes the phenol red in the agar to turn yellow. It is used for the selective isolation of presumptive pathogenic (pp) Staphylococcus species.
What ingredient makes MSA selective?
Mannitol salt agar is selective due to the presence of 7.5% sodium chloride (NaCl).
Would removal of sodium chloride from MSA?
Answer and Explanation: Yes, the removal of sodium chloride from MSA will alter the medium's sensitivity or specificity to a great extent.
How does the NaCl IN MSA kill organisms?
Provides the substrate for fermentation and makes the medium differential. What does the NaCl contained in MSA do? Makes the medium selective because its concentration is high enough to dehydrate and kill most bacteria. … Indicates whether fermentation has taken place by changing color as the pH changes.
What will turn MSA yellow?
What is the role of sodium chloride in MSA and how does it work?
Answer and Explanation: Sodium chloride is used in MSA to provide the essential fermentation substrate. It limits the growth of most organisms apart from bacteria in mixed…


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Chekhov experienced no conflict between art and science or art and medicine. He believed that knowledge of one complemented the other. Chekhov brought medical knowledge and sensitivity to his creative writing--he had an intimate knowledge of the world of medicine and the skills of doctoring, and he utilized this information in his approach to his characters. His sensibility as a medical insider gave special poignancy to his physician characters. The doctors in his engaging tales demonstrate a wide spectrum of behavior, personality, and character. At their best, they demonstrate courage, altruism, and tenderness, qualities that lie at the heart of good medical practice. At their worst, they display insensitivity and incompetency.
The stories in Chekhov's Doctors are powerful portraits of doctors in their everyday lives, struggling with their own personal problems as well as trying to serve their patients. The fifth volume in the acclaimed Literature and Medicine Series, Chekhov's Doctors will serve as a rich text for professional health care educators as well as for general readers.


Apple patents auto iPhone volume based on proximity
Wouldn't it be great if the iPhone could detect when you are holding the handset to your ear or sitting on a desk, automatically adjusting the volume? Apple thought so, as well. Tuesday, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office granted the iPhone maker a patent on a way to adjust the speaker volume based on proximity.
The patent, filed just a year after the iPhone was unveiled, uses the smartphone's many sensors to detect the device's proximity from a user. Just as a proximity sensor is used to detect when the phone is at your ear (thus turning off the touch screen), sensors could also adjust speaker volume…
The U.S. Patent No. 8,452,020, entitled "Adjustment of acoustic properties based on proximity detection," applies to both the iPhone's receiver and speaker and could automatically switch from receiver to speaker when it detects the iPhone is moved.
Apple patent (proximity 001)
Apple would also offer user the ability to set different volume profiles. Another potential for the technology is basing iPhone volume on the environment.
Potentially, if the iPhone detects you are in a loud room, the receiver volume could increase. Likewise, while in a quiet atmosphere, you and everyone nearby would not be blasted by a blaring voice.
The iPhone's proximity sensor has played an important role in the development of smartphones, similar to that of the touchscreen. At the original iPhone introduction, Steve Jobs made a point of how it helps improve battery life and user experience by turning off the display when bringing the device close to one's ear.
January 2007 iPhone introduction (Proximity sensor slide)
However, along with its wide-ranging uses it also has come controversy.
In 2010, a problem with the sensor caused some iPhone owners to complain the touchscreen would randomly turn back on during phone calls.
Apple soon issued an update addressing the problem.
And in the courtroom, Motorola is appealing the dismissal of a proximity patent lawsuit filed against Apple before the U.S. International Trade Commission.


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Welcome to our blog! Today we will delve into the fascinating world of African fashion and explore the symbols and meanings of African designs. Whether you are passionate about fashion or simply curious to discover new cultures, this post is for you. African fashion is much more than just an aesthetic choice, it is full of history, tradition and deep symbols. We will therefore explore the hidden meanings behind these vibrant and colorful patterns, and discover how they contribute to the expression of African cultural identity. So, prepare to be inspired and amazed by the richness of African fashion and its unique designs!
The best sellers of African fashion
What is African fashion?
African fashion is a unique and diverse style that reflects the richness and diversity of African cultures. It stands out for its vibrant patterns, vibrant colors and traditional fabrics. African fashion is much more than just a set of clothes; it is a means of cultural expression, self-affirmation and celebration of African identity.
The history of African fashion
African fashion has a long history dating back thousands of years. The earliest examples of African fashion date back to ancient Egypt, where locals wore elaborate and decorated clothing. Over time, African fashion has been influenced by trade with other cultures, migratory movements and political developments.
The evolution of African fashion
Over the past few decades, African fashion has undergone a remarkable renaissance. African designers have begun to tap into their cultural roots to create modern clothing that embodies the essence of African fashion. Traditional patterns, such as wax prints, kente and bogolans, are used in creative and innovative ways to create unique and contemporary pieces.
The importance of African fashion
African fashion plays an essential role in African culture. Here are some of the reasons why it is so important:
- Assertion of identity : African fashion allows Africans to celebrate their cultural heritage and connect to their roots. Traditional clothing is worn with pride to assert one's African identity.
- Job creation : The African fashion industry contributes to job creation and economic development in Africa. Many African artisans and tailors are involved in the production of African clothing, which stimulates the local economy.
- Promotion of fair trade : African fashion highlights fair and sustainable business practices. Many African fashion brands work closely with local artisans and cooperatives, ensuring fair working conditions and fair pay.
- Innovation and creativity : African fashion is fertile ground for innovation and creativity. African designers are pushing the boundaries of fashion by combining traditional techniques with modern elements, resulting in unique and avant-garde designs.
The symbols and meanings of African motifs
African designs are renowned around the world for their beauty and complexity. These patterns are often used in crafts, fashion and decoration, and they are rich in symbolism and deep meanings. In this section, we will explore the different types of African designs and what they represent in African culture.
Geometric patterns are one of the most commonly used types of designs in African art. They are characterized by geometric shapes such as straight lines, circles and triangles. These patterns can be simple or complex, and they are often used to represent abstract concepts such as harmony, balance, and interconnectedness.
Symbols and meanings of African geometric patterns include:
- Straight lines: represent stability and direction.
- Circles: symbolize eternity and unity.
- The triangles: represent the trinity and creation.
Animal motifs are very popular in African art. They often depict wild animals such as lion, elephant, leopard and crocodile. These designs are used to symbolize strength, courage, wisdom and the importance of family bonds.
Symbols and meanings of African animal designs include:
- The lion: represents courage and strength.
- The elephant: symbolizes wisdom, longevity and memory.
- The leopard: represents cunning and agility.
- The crocodile: symbolizes protection and fertility.
Tribal designs are specific to each African tribe and often represent their history, customs and beliefs. Each tribal pattern is unique and has specific meaning to the tribe that created it.
The symbols and meanings of African tribal designs vary from tribe to tribe, but some common designs include:
- Concentric circles: symbolize unity and community.
- Zigzags: represent journey and growth.
- The chevrons: symbolize protection and security.
The influence of African fashion around the world
African fashion is increasingly present on the international scene, and its influence continues to grow. African designers have been able to impose their unique and authentic style, and their work has revealed the richness and diversity of African culture throughout the world. In this section, we will explore this growing influence of African fashion in detail.
African designers who have succeeded in breaking through on the international scene
Several African designers have managed to make a name for themselves on a global scale, and have helped to popularize African fashion. Here are some of the most iconic designers:
- Duro Olowu : This Nigerian-British designer has gained international fame for his bold and colorful designs, inspired by African art and traditional fabrics.
- Laduma Ngxokolo : Originally from South Africa, Laduma Ngxokolo is known for his knitted creations, which highlight the traditional patterns and colors of Xhosa culture.
- Lisa Folawiyo : This Nigerian designer is famous for her creations mixing traditional African fabrics, such as wax, with modern and contemporary cuts.
The impact of African fashion in the fashion industry
The influence of African fashion is not only limited to African designers who succeed in breaking through on the international scene. Indeed, African fashion has also inspired many world-renowned designers and brands. Here are some of the major impacts of African fashion in the fashion industry:
- The popularization of wax : Wax, a colorful and printed fabric, has become a true symbol of African fashion. Many international designers and brands have integrated wax into their collections, helping to popularize this unique fabric.
- Promoting artisanal know-how : African fashion highlights traditional artisanal skills, such as hand dyeing, embroidery or weaving. This promotion of artisanal techniques has made it possible to preserve these ancestral know-how and give them new visibility.
- The diversity of patterns and colors : African fashion is characterized by its richness in patterns and colors. This diversity has become a source of inspiration for many designers, who now integrate African motifs into their collections.
How to Incorporate African Patterns into Your Wardrobe
African designs have become increasingly popular in the fashion world in recent years. These vibrant, colorful designs are not only beautiful, but they also represent rich history and culture. If you're interested in incorporating these designs into your wardrobe, here are some tips to help you do so in a way that's stylish and respectful of African culture.
Choose designs that speak to you
When deciding to incorporate African designs into your wardrobe, it's important to choose ones that speak to you and reflect your personal style. There is a wide variety of African designs, ranging from traditional designs to modern and contemporary designs. Take the time to discover the different designs and choose the ones that you like the most. This will make you feel comfortable and confident when wearing these clothes.
Opt for versatile pieces
To incorporate African patterns into your wardrobe in a practical way, opt for versatile pieces. For example, an African skirt can be worn with a basic white t-shirt for a casual look, or paired with a stylish blouse for a special occasion. Look for clothes that can be easily integrated into your existing wardrobe and can be worn in different ways.
Mix Patterns with Neutral Pieces
When wearing African designs, you can mix them with neutral pieces to create visual balance. For example, you can wear an African print shirt with black pants or a plain skirt to draw attention to the statement piece. Using neutral pieces will also highlight African designs and create a more sophisticated look.
Accessorize with African pieces
If you are not ready to wear clothes with African designs, you can always incorporate these designs into your wardrobe by opting for African accessories. Jewelry, handbags and scarves are great ways to add an African touch to your outfit. Look for handmade accessories by African artisans to support local communities and to have unique and authentic pieces.
Be respectful of African culture
When incorporating African designs into your wardrobe, it is important to be respectful of African culture. Avoid wearing sacred or religious designs if you don't understand their meaning, and be sure to support brands and designers who collaborate with African artisans ethically. By showing respect and cultural sensitivity, you will be able to fully enjoy the aesthetic of African designs.
Benefits of incorporating African designs into your wardrobe
Incorporating African designs into your wardrobe can have many benefits, including:
- Add a touch of color and vibrancy to your wardrobe
- Show your appreciation for African culture
- Support African artisans and small local businesses
- Create unique and original outfits
- Stand out from standardized and commercialized fashion
By following these tips, you will be able to incorporate African patterns into your wardrobe in an elegant way that respects African culture. Whether through clothing or accessories, let African designs add a touch of color and culture to your personal style.
African motifs: a rich and deeply symbolic cultural heritage
In conclusion, we explored the symbols and meanings of African designs, discovering their cultural and historical significance. These designs offer deep insight into spirituality, identity and connection with nature in different African cultures.
It is essential to recognize and respect the authentic meaning of these designs and to use them appropriately and respectfully. African fashion offers a unique opportunity to incorporate these designs into our clothing, allowing us to share and celebrate the richness of African culture.
It is recommended to explore the creations of African designers, purchase clothing made in Africa and support businesses that value and preserve these traditional designs. By integrating these patterns into your wardrobe, you contribute to the dissemination of cultural diversity and the recognition of African heritage.
In short, African patterns are much more than just aesthetic patterns. They are a means of communication, expression and celebration of African culture. So, don't hesitate to


First person
'Overnight change doesn't work'
Dinner lady Jeanette Orrey was one of the catalysts for the campaign led by Jamie Oliver over school food. She had transformed meals at her school, St Peter's primary in Nottinghamshire, in 2000, replacing processed food with freshly cooked meals.
"Ruth Kelly's ban on junk food is a good start but it's going to be difficult. We've lost two generations who don't know how to cook. Children need to be given time to eat and socialise. Some parents will resist. Adopting the Caroline Walker Trust guidelines will be a start towards good quality food that will improve not just children's health but their behaviour and concentration. People have to realise it's not just the food on the plate that matters, it's the whole approach in school to food. We have to re-educate people that real food doesn't come out of plastic containers.
"Overnight change doesn't work. You introduce something, you ask the kids, 'Do you like it?' You have got to have a conversation. You have to get the kids into your way of thinking, but also engage with them, explain to them why you are doing it. It's no good saying to a child, 'There's your dinner' and that's it."
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text:
POWELL, Wyo. — Wyoming sheep producers lost fewer sheep last year even though predation increased slightly.
According to a U.S.D.A survey conducted in January, producers lost an estimated 43,000 sheep and lambs, down from 55,000 in 2011.
The Powell Tribune reported Tuesday that the losses were mainly attributed to weather, disease and other environmental factors. Predation rose 6 percent over 2011.
Todd Ballard of the U.S.D.A. says the drought drove wildlife out of the mountains in search of water and they encountered sheep at watering holes.
Coyotes were responsible for killing the most sheep among wildlife but eagles have also become a problem as well. Eagles killed more sheep than bears and wolves combined in each of the last two years.


text:
Tony has a different color folder for each subject. The colors are: blue, green, purple, yellow, and orange. Read the clues and tell what color each folder is.
- Math and Language Arts are both primary colors.
- The Art folder is not orange.
- Language Arts and Social Studies are both colors that have only one syllable.


text:
Website Detail Page
written by David McIntyre
Spins is an interactive computer program that simulates Stern-Gerlach measurements on spin 1/2 and spin 1 particles. This software is used as part of the "Paradigms in Physics" curriculum. This can be used as an example to study general problems in quantum measurement and time dependence.
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SPINS Java Homepage:
Is Required By PH425: Spin and Quantum Measurement
The SPINS Java software is the foundation of the PH425 course.relation by Bruce Mason
Is Based On A computer-simulated Stern–Gerlach laboratory
The SPINS Java software is based on an earlier application written for the Macintosh computer.relation by Bruce Mason
Is the Basis For QM Spins Program
The SPINS program is the basis for the QM Spins program.relation by Mario Belloni
References The Nobel Prize in Physics 1943 - Otto Stern
The SPINS Java software can be used to build virtual experiments based on the work initially done by Stern and Gerlach.relation by Bruce Mason
Covers the Same Topic As Quantum Physics Online: Spin 1/2
"Spin 1/2" explores the dynamics of a single spin in static and time-dependent magnetic fields.relation by Bruce Mason
Know of another related resource? Login to relate this resource to it.
Is Required By


text: The ability to redesign enzymes to catalyze noncognate chemical transformations would have wide-ranging applications. We developed a computational method for repurposing the reactivity of metalloenzyme active site functional groups to catalyze new reactions. Using this method, we engineered a zinc-containing mouse adenosine deaminase to catalyze the hydrolysis of a model organophosphate with a catalytic efficiency (k(cat)/K(m)) of ∼10(4) M(-1) s(-1) after directed evolution. In the high-resolution crystal structure of the enzyme, all but one of the designed residues adopt the designed conformation. The designed enzyme efficiently catalyzes the hydrolysis of the R(P) isomer of a coumarinyl analog of the nerve agent cyclosarin, and it shows marked substrate selectivity for coumarinyl leaving groups. Computational redesign of native enzyme active sites complements directed evolution methods and offers a general approach for exploring their untapped catalytic potential for new reactivities.


text:
from the movie:
Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone
A Troll is a magical creature of prodigious strength and immense stupidity. Trolls generally reach a height of about twelve feet and weigh up to nearly a ton. They are dangerously violent and incredibly aggressive, and then engage in unpredictable behaviour; a bit comparable with giants. Trolls originated in Scandinavia, but are now found all across Europe. Trolls feed on raw flesh, and are not that fussy about what they eat, from animals to even humans.
Troll language is nothing more than simple grunts that only Trolls seem to be able to interpret, though skilled magical multi-linguists such as Barty Crouch can understand them. Trolls understand only a limited number of Human words, and some smarter ones can be skillfully trained as security Trolls. Professor Quirrell had a gift for communicating with Trolls, and then used it to set one loose in Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry in 1991 in an effort to steal the Philosopher's Stone. A Troll was Quirrell's contribution to guarding the Philosopher's Stone.
Artemius Lawson was an outspoken advocate for the strict restraint of trolls. He thought it was wrong to allow them to roam free, stating that "they were creatures who weighed a ton, but had brains the size of a bogey".


text:
Climate change impact on European beech forest
European beech Fagus sylvatica (L.) is one of the main tree species in Central Europe. Without human interference, beech would probably cover more than two thirds of the forest area in Central Europe instead of their current share of less than one fifth. For example, in Germany, beech covers approximately one-third of all forested areas.
The impacts of climate change on a beech forest in Germany (the federal state of Rhineland Palatinate) was studied for climate change projections based on a larger number of climate models and the A1b emissions scenario.
Results show that net primary productivity of beech decreases by 30% in 2071− 2100 compared with the reference time span 1961−1990. This is caused by higher mortality rates, lower water availability and higher drought stress, though partly counterbalanced by longer growing seasons.
Source: Rötzer et al., 2013. Climate Research 58: 81–95
Photo: Thomas Kohler (_URL_)


text:
In a previous JS Link / CSR post we covered how to handle what is displayed in a web part when there are no items to show. SharePoint's default message is an ambiguous:
"There are no items to show in this view of the [listname] list"
Not an awesome user experience. Something a little more contextually relevant might be more helpful to users – either in a simple list view, or in a more complicated solution.
A PowerApps Gallery control isn't any better – merely showing a blank record. The Data Table control, on the other hand, has a handy 'NoDataText' property that can be configured to display a message when the control is empty.
So, what do we do when using Gallery controls – until a 'NoDataText' property is added and/or the Data Table control allows for more configuration options? As is the answer with many things in PowerApps: We use a formula.
Using an appropriate text field control within a Gallery control, we can replace the Text property with a formula like the following:
If(CountRows([_List Name_])=0,"[_Put your message here_]", ThisItem.Title)
For a SharePoint list named: DefaultList you get the following:
If(CountRows(DefaultList)=0,"Nothing to see here", ThisItem.Title)
The 'CountRows' function as you might guess returns the number of rows in the list.
The 'If' function tells the control to set the displayed value of the control to "Nothing to see here" if the condition (there are 0 rows) evaluates to 'true'. If not, the value of the control is ThisItem.Title – the normal field value we would expect in the control. The text is only displayed when there are no items in the list.
- Get started with formulas – PowerApps
- CountRows reference in PowerApps
- If function in PowerApps
- Data table control in PowerApps
- Gallery control in PowerApps
- JS Link – No items to show blog post
We met at the SP Conference 2017 in Chicago. I have only attended the last 2 conferences, and always feel like I have learned something from your presentation! Thank you. However, I am still new to SharePoint Online, starting to build our Intranet. I used SP Designer before with SP10, but now it is built into SP Online and it's not quite the same. I do not know how to get to the ASP code, how to download the pages to modify them. Is there another software we could use to do more of the development and programming to customize pages? I have not been lucky at finding what I need and how to set up a development environment to customize the web code. Could you please steer me in the right direction? Thanks!


inverse femtobarn
The inverse femtobarn (fb−1) is a measurement of particle-collision events per femtobarn; a measure of both the collision number and the amount of data collected.
One inverse femtobarn corresponds to approximately 100 trillion (1012) proton-proton collisions. Over a period of time, two streams of particles with a cross-sectional area, measured in femtobarns, are directed to collide. The total number of collisions is directly proportional to the luminosity of the collisions measured over this time.
Calculate the collision count by multiplying the integrated luminosity by the sum of the cross-section for those collision processes. This count is then expressed as inverse femtobarns for the time period (100 fb−1 in nine months).
Note: Do not use inverse femtobarn in the public section of the website where it can be avoided - it is unnecessarily technical. Convert to approximate numbers of collisions instead.
You are here


text:
Nucciarelli, Alberto Sadowski, Bert M. Ruhle, Ernst-Olav
Year of Publication:
23rd European Regional Conference of the International Telecommunication Society, Vienna, Austria, 1-4 July 2012
The review of the Universal Service Obligation (USO) has recently been debated in the European Union (EU). Under discussion there was the extension of the current universal service definition to include broadband access, for which some theoretical and empirical support exists. In fact the determinants of information access, which are modified by market liberalization and technological developments, challenge the traditional definition of universal service and question whether there are new frontiers for the USO in the EU. This paper looks at the origins, the theoretical arguments for, and the empirical basis of the USO in the light of the ongoing debate in the EU, and links these arguments to technological development and changing demand conditions in European broadband markets. The authors predict the inclusion of a wider set of services based on Next Generation Access networks in the EU's new regulatory approach, although in November 2011 the European Union has denied this inclusion.
European Union universal service obligation next generation access networks


text:
This scorecard is created to track performance, therefore the demonstration of data within color markers identifies the boundaries of what we define as success. In some instances, a trend may be moving in the wrong direction, but still may be within our 'Target for Success' area. The use of Color Bands and Color Arrows help to define the Target for Success and Current Progress.
Green, Black and Red arrows are used to reflect our 'Current Progress' status.
- GREEN Arrow = We're getting better!
- BLACK Arrow = We're maintaining our position.
- RED Arrow = We're going in the wrong direction.
Green, Yellow or Red color bands are used to reflect our 'Target for Success' zones.
- GREEN Color Band = We've reached our Target for Success!
- YELLOW Color Band = We're making progress, but not quite there yet.
- RED Color Band = We're below our Target for Success.
Data is described with the Time Period, Actual Value, Target Value, Current Trend and Baseline Change %. These mean:
- Time Period - The most current time period for which the data were available.
- Actual Value - The actual level of achievement, the most current data point for the indicator; also shown in a Color Band to reflect if that value is or is not within our Target for Success zone.
- Target Value - The desired level of achievement for the data indicator.
- Current Trend - The direction of progress is shown by a Color Arrow to reflect our Current Progress status, and also noting for how many data points the direction been occurring.
- Baseline Change % - The percentage of change between the baseline data point and the current data point (actual value); also shown with a Color Arrow to describe Current Progress status.


text:
I have a problem when I try to compare two large files. What I am trying to do is take a line from one file, search all the lines of another file for a match and if there isn't one, write that line to another file. I was able to recreate the problem with the simple example below:
apple banana pear peach lime
lime apple pear peach
Since I am looking for lines in file1 that are not in file_old, I would expect that 'banana' would be the only value to show in the output file. But in the output file, "*fill_diff*", I am showing:
apple banana banana
What is wrong with my code to try and produce the differences in a file?
def main(): file_old = open(r'C:\Users\test\Desktop\file_old.txt', 'r+') file_new = open(r'C:\Users\test\Desktop\file1.txt', 'r+') file_diff = open(r'C:\Users\test\Desktop\file_diff.txt', 'w') for each_line in file_new: for every_line in file_old: if each_line == every_line: break file_diff.write(each_line) file_old.close() file_new.close() file_diff.close() main()


Flux bicycle kit by Offer Canfi wirelessly
charges electronic devices
Royal College of Art graduate Offer Canfi has envisioned a future for cycling in which inductive bicycle lanes could be used to wirelessly charge electric bikes and other devices on the go.
Flux Bike by Offer Canfi
Offer Canfi's Flux project imagines a near-future scenario where bicycles are powered using resonant inductive coupling – a method of transmitting electrical energy without man-made conductors.
"This project is focused on resonant inductive bicycle lanes as a first step towards wireless power grids," said Canfi. "The road becoming an emitter that can power up electric bicycles, laptops and phones, making batteries redundant."
Flux Bike by Offer Canfi
The designer proposes creating inductive bicycle lanes by laying a high-friction screed surface embedded with emitter coils along sections of road.
The current passing through these coils would transfer electricity wirelessly to similar copper elements on the bicycle mechanism via an oscillating magnetic field.
Flux Bike by Offer Canfi
"The coils that are embedded into the screed turn on when the bicycle comes within range, using a radio-frequency identification (RFID) badge that recognises when the bike is near," Canfi told Dezeen.
Flux Bike by Offer Canfi
This could replace batteries currently used to power electric bikes, and could also be used to charge electronic devices like mobile phones and laptops during journeys.
Flux Bike by Offer Canfi
"Batteries are still the most expensive, polluting and heavy element of any electric vehicle and that is before you consider their short life cycle and problematic recycling procedures," said Canfi.
Flux Bike by Offer Canfi
His alternative Capacitor 1.21 kit is designed to lock on to any diamond-frame bicycle to convert it into an electric model.
Flux Bike by Offer Canfi
The capacitor stores energy without the chemicals found in batteries and the kit connects the series of copper coils to the bike's mechanism so the current can help power the ride.
Once the coils in the road and bike are paired other devices with coils embedded, like mobile phones, could feed off the electricity and use it to power up – similar to how wireless Qi chargers work.
Flux Bike by Offer Canfi
"A fun fact about resonant induction power transfer is that once the primary and secondary coil are in a state of coupled magnetic field, this field itself becomes an emitter and secondary coils can connect to it as well," Canfi explained.
Flux Bike by Offer Canfi
The additional parts are printed in nylon using selective laser sintering (SLS) to keep them as light as possible, as extra weight would require more power.
Flux Bike by Offer Canfi
Canfi's capacitor adds less than two kilograms to the bike, but a lighter model would increase efficiency and lower costs.
He believes that recent developments in the creation of ultracapacitors, which store high amounts of electric charge, using miracle-material graphene have brought his idea closer to reality.
Flux Bike by Offer Canfi
"Looking at the growing market for electric bicycles and the emergence of resonant induction as an efficient way to wirelessly transfer electric power, this project was about describing a truly possible future for urban commuting," Canfi said.
Flux Bike by Offer Canfi
The project was presented at the Royal College of Art's annual degree show last month, along with a man-made biological leaf that could enable long-distance space travel and a proposal to create synthetic foods using nanotechnology.
 - Henry
 The Fox 32 fork strapped to what looks like a lugged steel road frame is the icing on the cake with this one.
 - Damian
 Exactly my thinking as well, haha.
 - Xela C
 How is this ridable? Do you not fall over backwards going up hill?
 - umm
 That frame with that fork is really hard to watch. He probably used what he got, but it totally distracts from the actual idea. Even if you are just remotely into bikes.
 - skinnyfat
 Immediately this image came to my mind:
 Something is just not right here.
 - nad
 Feasibility and usability that is exactly what me and the other commenters are not seeing. And that is why they rather comment on the frame and fork.
 - Idontgetit
 Hub dynamos, very efficient and blend seamlessly into any bike design. Add a battery with a small circuit board and there you have it. Or when we talk about the near future, plug it into your electric bike.
 - Ollie
 Worse still, that frame/fork combination is quite hard to achieve. It didn't just happen by accident. A fork for a lugged frame has a 1″ dia. steerer tube typically, whereas that fork will have at least a 1 1/8″ steerer tube – probably even a tapered steerer.
 Basically, it took some deliberate custom fabrication to achieve this mess.