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Tea if by Sea, Cha if by Land
Tea if by Sea, Cha if by Land
Tea is one of those beverages that are universal. People explored the world for it, fought wars for it. Some say that the American Revolution was sparked by it, with the dumping of tea in the Boston Harbor.
But tea isn't just tea. In Russia, its pronounced chay, and the Arabic word for tea is shay. So why the difference? Simple, if it came by sea its Tea, and if it came by land its Cha.
Tea came from China, however, there were two major trading ports. "Sinitic" Chinese referred to the plant as cha and primarily exported it through the silk road. Countries, where this ran through, would refer to it as cha or some variant, such as chay, or shay. It even made its way to East Africa and was called chai in Swahili!
Tea, on the other hand, was traded primarily by Dutch traders through the ports of Fujian and Taiwan. The coastal provinces of China referred to their drink as "te", which the Dutch then called "thee". As this spread around Europe, all countries started putting their own spin on the word, from Te, to Tee in South Africa, and Teh in Java. Finally, the English referred to it as Tea, which is most well known.
dutch junk teak tea cha lemongrass green
On the map, you may have noticed that Portugal has a pink dot. That is because they were the first European explorers in Asia, and traded through Macao whereas you may have guessed, they referred to it as Cha.
By looking at this map you can see interesting views of globalization. On one hand, the Silk Road shows over a millennium of overland trade, while the sea routes show's a smaller, 400-year-old trade route. Both trade routes had significant impacts on the world you see today, as well as thousands of smaller impacts.
Including how we name one of our favorite beverages.


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Maine takes domestic violence extremely seriously. As a result, sentencing can be especially harsh. Nonetheless, as with any crime, the State must prove the elements of the offense beyond all reasonable doubt to get a conviction.
William H. Ashe, a respected criminal defense attorney in Maine, will argue a strong case on your behalf, casting doubt on guilt. Provided below is an overview of what must be proved in domestic violence cases in Maine and what defense may be employed. Remember, each case is different according to the facts and circumstances. If you have additional questions or want to start building a strong defense today, contact the Law Offices of William H. Ashe to learn more about his approach to criminal defense and how he may help you in your specific case.
What are the elements of domestic violence assault in Maine?
In Maine, anyone charged with assault can also have the added element of domestic violence when the alleged victims qualify as a family or household member. Assault, according to Title 17-A §207, occurs when a person:
- intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly
- causes bodily injury or offensive physical contact
- to another person.
A bruise or other visible signs of an assault are not necessary for the commission of the crime. If a person shoves or bumps into another person offensively can satisfy the elements required of assault. To be a domestic violence assault, the alleged offender must have committed that assault, according to 17-A §207A, against a family or household member.
Title 19-A §4002(4) defines family or household members as:
- current or former spouses or domestic partners
- current or former roommates
- current or former intimate partners or persons who engage(d) in a sexual relationship
- biological parents of a child
- Minor children of a household member when the alleged offender is an adult household member
- adult household members related by blood or marriage.
What are the penalties in Maine of a domestic violence conviction?
Penalties in Maine are based on the offense and its classification as a misdemeanor or felony. There are also other consequences to a domestic violence penalty that often apply regardless of the classification of the offense.
Misdemeanor Domestic Violence Sentencing
Domestic violence assault is typically a Class D misdemeanor. Penalties for this crime classification include:
- a fine up to $2,000
- a jail sentence up to one year
- probation up to two years (17-A §1201)
- participation in a 48-week Batterers Intervention education program (17-A §1204).
Felony Domestic Violence Sentencing
Domestic violence assault is enhanced to a Class C felony when the alleged offender has a prior conviction within the last ten years – according to 17-A §9-A. The convictions that qualify as an enhancer include any of the following:
- Domestic violence assault 17-A §207-A
- Domestic violence criminal threatening 17-A §209-A.
- Domestic violence terrorizing, 17-A §210-B.
- Domestic violence stalking, 17-A §210-C.
- Domestic violence reckless conduct, 17-A §211-A.
- Violating a Protection from Abuse order 19-A § 4011.
If an alleged offender was convicted of similar charges in another state, then that would count also as a prior conviction.
Domestic violence assault can be charged as a Class C felony when the alleged offender violated conditions of release per 15 §1092 1(B). In this scenario, the defendant is on bail for domestic violence and violated the condition of bail by either (1) contacting the alleged victim; or (2) possessing a firearm.
A Class C felony conviction can result in the following penalties:
- a fine up to $5,000
- a prison sentence up to five years
- probation up to two years
Other Consequences to a Domestic Violence Conviction
There are other consequences of a domestic violence assault conviction. Important consequences that can be life-changing include the following:
- You can face problems with child custody if you currently have shared custody or want to pursue custody.
- Anyone convicted of domestic violence (misdemeanor or felony) in Maine is prohibited from ever possessing firearms or ammunition for the rest of his or her life. A violation can result in a federal crime.
- If you were convicted of felony domestic violence, you can lose your right to vote.
- If you were convicted of felony domestic violence, you may face particular difficulty finding employment or good housing.
There are many other collateral consequences of a conviction just by the mere existence of a criminal record. These consequences are worth considering as reason to fight a charge of domestic violence assault in Maine.
Are there defenses in Maine to a domestic violence assault case?
You should never plead guilty at an arraignment because that denies you your right to fight the criminal charges against you. In domestic violence cases, there are defenses that may apply in your specific case. These defenses include:
- Self-Defense. If you were defending yourself against another person's use of physical force, you have a defense in Maine. When self-defense is raised, the prosecutor will have to prove that your conduct was not self-defense.
- Witness Credibility. Was the alleged victim motivated to lie about the domestic violence? For example, is there a custody case pending or did the alleged offender and victim recently breakup? Given the close relationships those involved in domestic violence share, there are often reasons an alleged victim will lie or create a story, and if his or her credibility is questioned, that casts doubt on the alleged domestic violence.
- Factual Dispute. In these cases, it is often one person's word against another person's word. Who really struct who first? Was the physical force intentional or incidental to another activity? Guilt can boil down to the small details of these types of cases.
Even when there isn't a specific defense, a good attorney will develop a strong defense strategy to help you get the best outcome possible in your case.
Contact an Aggressive, Smart Domestic Violence Defense Attorney in Maine Today
Domestic violence charges are deeply personal and emotional. Getting aggressive yet compassionate legal representation can be fundamental to fighting the charges without undue stress. William H. Ashe, a reputable criminal defense lawyer in Maine, will provide a strong and thoughtful defense. Contact his law office online or at _PHONE_ to schedule a consultation and to learn more about how he can help you fight domestic violence charges.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
|Product #: SED13750I_TQ|
Math Readers: Level 2: El mercado de productos agricolas (Farmer's Market) (Enh eBookKindergarten|Grade 1|Grade 2
Please Note: This ebook is a digital download, NOT a physical product. After purchase, you will be provided a one time link to download ebooks to your computer. Orders paid by PayPal require up to 8 business hours to verify payment and release electronic media. For immediate downloads, payment with credit card is required.
Many people like to buy fresh fruits and vegetables from the farmers market. The farmers market is a special market where farmers sell the crops they grow. They sell different crops at different times of the year. Sometimes the farmers even make sweet desserts with their fresh fruit. Follow this farming family through the seasons and learn how to weigh and measure food along the way. How many apples do you think they need to make an apple pie?
This enhanced eBook gives you the freedom to copy and paste the content of each page into the format that fits your needs. You can post lessons on your class website, make student copies, and more. For more information on enhanced eBooks, Click Here.
Submit a review

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Wed January 30, 2013
How Florida's Aquifer Models Are Inaccurate, And Why That Might Be A Problem For Our Water Supply
Understanding how water flows through Florida's aquifer is integral to maintaining safe and sufficient supply of fresh water, but current computer models used to monitor the state's aquifers and springs are "full of holes" according to some critics.
The Tampa Bay Times reported on Monday that there is a disconnect between "how water pumping permits are routinely issued throughout much of Florida" and the impact those permits have on the state's rapidly dwindling resources. Currently, state officials employ computer models "that use a false assumption" about how water flows under the ground's surface when issuing permits.
Though the current models predict a steady rate of movement through sand and gravel, field tests have demonstrated the unpredictability of the water flow, owing in large part to the existence of karst (limestone filled with holes) below the surface. Scientists using a "dye test" were able to more accurately track the speed at which water moves underground.
The dye test gave a vivid illustration of the difference. The scientists running the test picked their drop sites with help from one of the state's models. The model predicted how fast a liquid would trickle along underground toward the spring. Different zones would give the dye a 2-year trip, a 10-year trip and even a 100-year trip. But when they dropped the dye in, the stuff rocketed through the aquifer. It zoomed across half the predicted 100-year distance in just six months.
Pete Butt, the scientist who supervised the test, said the dye would have traveled even faster if the test had taken place during Florida's rainy season. The findings reveal potential vulnerabilities in the state's water management system. Not only are the computer models used to monitor water use and levels, but to track the rate of contamination from chemicals, sewage, and other pollutants.
Though another "more accurate" computer model based on water flow through karst exists, the state reportedly will not "touch it" because it was created by Coca-Cola, which at one time owned a bottling plant near High Springs.


text:
Lewis is the northern part of the largest island of the Western Isles of Scotland or Outer Hebrides. The southern part of the island is called Harris (Na Hearadh). The two names however refer to the two parts of the same island despite the use of the terms 'Isle of Lewis' and 'Isle of Harris'. Lewis is, in general, the lower lying part of this island, with Harris being more mountainous.
- No special notes.
- No trivia.
- Appearances of Isle of Lewis
- Minor Appearances of Isle of Lewis
- Media Isle of Lewis was Mentioned in
- Location Gallery: Isle of Lewis
- Images related to Isle of Lewis
- Marvel Staff members who were born in Isle of Lewis


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Luque Rod System
Luque rods are custom contoured metal rods that are fixed to each segment (vertebra) in the affected part of the spine. The main advantage is that the patient may not need to wear a cast or brace after the procedure. The main disadvantage is that the risk of injury to the nerves and spinal cord is higher than with a some other forms of instrumentation. This is because wires must be threaded through each vertebra near the spinal column, increasing the risk of such damage. Luque rods are sometimes used to treat Scoliosis.


Eight people on a motorbike
[Culture ★★]
(P3) A motorbike is designed for one or two people. However, it is possible to fit up to 8 people on a single motorbike as you can see in the photo above.
(P3) A person in a car took a video of the motorbike with eight people on it. The person was worried about the safety of the passengers.
(P3) The photo shows one man operating the motorbike while three children sit at the front. Behind the operator, there are three people to include one woman with a toddler on her back.
SOURCE: _URL_
VOCABULARY: designed, up to, safety, while, toddler
 2. Do you think it's dangerous to ride a motorbike? Why or why not?
 3. Do you think it's unsafe to have more than 2 people on a motorbike? Why or why not?
 4. Should people be educated on how to operate a motorbike safely? Why or why not?
 1. What's the maximum number of people a motorbike is made for?
 2. Who caught the 8 people on a video?
 3. The person who took the video was only concerned about posting it on Facebook. (T or F)
 4. How many children are on the motorbike?
 5. Where is the baby on the motorbike?
What do the following expressions or phrases mean?
 - it is possible (P1)
 - took a video (P2)
 - worried about the safety (P2)
 - operating the motorbike (P3)
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text:
The BYU Center for Teaching and Learning is offering a useful "just-in-time" workshop for faculty and instructors, "Designing A Course for Significant Learning," Thursday, Jan. 3, from 9 a.m. to noon (location TBA).
Based on L.D. Fink's model of course design, this workshop is valuable for any faculty member planning a new course or re-designing a current one. This hands-on workshop provides collaborative support for instructors as they create/modify their course(s) using the following:
- Course learning outcomes
- Learning assessments to evaluate the achievement of the course learning outcomes (e.g., tests, assignments, presentations, projects)
- Engaging learning activities to help students achieve the course learning outcomes (e.g., in-class activities, homework)
To register, RSVP no later than Thursday, Dec. 27, to _EMAIL_. List your name and department and include your BYU e-mail address to receive materials related to the workshop before it begins.
For more information, contact _EMAIL_.


back to article Accessing DB2 UDB with PHP (Part 2)
This topic is closed for new posts.
PHP Advantages over JDBC
PHP has advantages over JDBC in accessing a database.
1. PHP is designed for web applications. A datasource does not have to be configured with a database in an application server.
2. PHP is relatively simpler than JDBC.
3. PHP web applications are faster to develop than a J2EE application.
4. PHP has higher performance than JDBC.
For further reference:
This topic is closed for new posts.


text:
The painterly effects of Three Pears and an Apple, a selection from Edward Steichen's The Early Years Portfolio, 1901–1927, are reflected in this memorable image's soft focus and elegant composition. Steichen achieved the soft outlines of the fruit with a 36-hour exposure under indirect illumination. During this time, the film's emulsion expanded and contracted in the changing temperatures, creating the subtle, dreamlike qualities of the image. Steichen's dedication to achieving an initially conceived image and his expressive use of shape and imagery are testament to why he is credited with the transformation of photography into an art form.
Edward Steichen is an immortal among photographers. His richest, most profound photographs were made between 1900 and 1927. It is from this period that Steichen selected his masterpieces and asked Aperture to publish his prints.


Canteen Business Plan A complete Guide
It turns out that business can be done anywhere, including the business of selling food in the school canteen. Business opportunities that are promising with the target of school children who are hobby
Canteen Business Plan
Of course, opening a business in a school canteen is different from opening an ordinary food business. Foods that are sold are not only tasty but also inexpensive, making full and nutritious.
Because not a few who open a school canteen business, the food served is not healthy, so they become infected.
Besides, there must be a special trick so that food is interesting to buy. But how can I make the sale of school canteens more purchased than other snacks?
Okay start now
1. Make A Full Meal
Sometimes for school children who are given mediocre allowances but have not had breakfast, they usually prefer filling foods rather than good taste. Because sometimes good food is not filling because the size is not large.
2. Hot Food Not To Be Heated
Even though they are children, they are usually good at choosing food. They prefer foods that are still warm and avoid foods that are warmed up.
Especially if it's fried food, it must be caught from a more brown or blackened fried skin. So it's better to cook the food an hour before recess so the food sold is still warm to eat.
3. Fried Food
One of the most popular foods in the school canteen is fried food, because it is cheap and tasty and also filling.
You can sell a variety of fried foods ranging from egg rolls, fish, samosas, hush puppies, onion rings, chicken legs, french fries, resolve to chocolate bananas. This food will sell quickly even if it is sold in hot or cold weather.
4. Fried Rice
These foods are usually highly sought after by those who don't have time to eat breakfast. But the price is indeed more expensive than if you buy other foods especially if added to side dishes such as tempeh, egg, and chicken.
Even so, this food is a shame if it is not sold in your canteen because it is one of the foods that are sought at rest and before entering class.
If you want to sell this, you don't need to bother bringing frying pans and stoves to the school canteen, just wrap them in the plastic paper that you have prepared from home.
But if the school canteen is qualified to accommodate frying pans and stoves it would not hurt if you bring both of this equipment to school. Because your fried rice or noodles are more delicious because they are served warm.
5. Uduk Rice
Although they are both rice, uduk rice has its own taste so there are its own connoisseurs. But this rice is cheaper than fried rice or fried noodles.
But this rice is more unpleasant if eaten at rest because it is better eaten before going to class or in the morning for breakfast.
6. Siomay
For those who are hungry but do not want to eat rice, usually, school children choose to eat dumplings.
Because in addition to filling this food also tastes good and the price is not too expensive, enough for middle-aged school children.
7. Seblak Meatballs
Food made from crackers that are boiled and given spicy seasoning is indeed a trend, especially in the school canteen.
The price is not too high. Usually, seblak can be sold with a variety of flavors, ranging from original, seblak meatballs, seblak claw, seblak chicken to a mix seblak.
8. Sosis Bakar
Foods made from ground beef is pretty much looking for it. Like eating dumplings eating enough roasted societies makes the stomach full.
You can sell grilled sausages with a variety of flavors that can be original, cheese, spicy, Balado, and others. Usually, to sell this, you need Teflon to bake so that the leftover roasting smoke does not disturb the school.
9. Cimol, Cilok, Cilor
These three foods made from ACI are in demand if sold in the school canteen. Because it's cheap, tasty and can get in large quantities.
This food is very profitable if sold in the canteen because of its simple ingredients, tapioca can develop when cooked.
10. Steamed Cake
The steamed cake is also a sought after food because it is filling. It can be a food replacement for rice for those who have not had breakfast. If you can't make it, you can buy it at the market or order it in a cake shop.
11. Pizza Mini
This tasty, oily, and cheap food also looks for it a lot. Because these foods are filling and tasty when making snacks. You can make it yourself at home by using Teflon which is then topped with sausages or meatballs, sauce and also vegetables.
12. Pudding
Children certainly like jelly, so lozenges are also many who are looking for it. You can also make yourself at home.
Besides this food is most easily made if you want variety you can add milk. Usually their children like chocolate pudding, strawberry, and other fruit flavors.
13. Kue Toys
This food is good for snacks, because of crunches but to make it requires skill because they have to make it thinner to crispy faster. Because if it's not thin then it's like Martabak isn't crackers.
14. Random Food
Not a few students who are not accustomed to eating rice for breakfast. Now you can open a bakery business at school. Because bread is usually used as an alternative food for rice.
The bread you sell can be sandwiches, packaged bread, or toast. And most of the best-selling is indeed a thousand bread. Because the bread is not bad in a schoolgirl's bag and certainly filling.
15. Crispy Chicken
Not a few children like crispy chicken, because it is tasty and tasty. Although not branded, but children will usually still be looking for.
You can open this business opportunity in the school canteen. How to make it is also not too difficult especially now that instant flour is available to make crispy chicken. Usually, if you sell this package with rice, sauce, and drinks.
16. Meatballs
Not only employee canteens or meatball stalls, but school canteens also need to be served meatballs.
Because food made from ground meat is indeed a favorite food among ages, including students. Usually, students order meatballs when lunchtime arrives.
17. Mie Ayam
In the school canteen, chicken noodles become a filling meal when the break comes. Usually, chicken noodles will be ordered for children who are lazy to eat rice.
And usually, students like to get confused between eating chicken noodles or meatballs. So like to order some meatballs to pour into chicken noodles.
18. Indomie
Not to forget Indomie became a mainstay food in the school canteen. Become a mainstay because this food is not boring. Both fried and boiled.
This food is also suitable for breakfast and lunch. And even though it already contains high carbohydrates, Indomie is still eaten with rice.
19. Soto
For those who want to eat soup, soup is usually the mainstay of school children. The price is not as expensive as meatballs so they usually make soup for lunch.
Soto which is commonly available is usually chicken soup, meat soup, and soup noodles.
20. Donat
The bread that is perforated in the middle is a favorite food because it is filling and cheap. Moreover, the topping varies.
There is refined sugar, chocolate, peanut butter to strawberries. It is suitable for breakfast and the price is not expensive.
21. Burger Mini
Usually, this food will be bought when you come home from school. Waiting for pickup.
This food should be served in the school canteen because in addition to practical mini burgers are also nutritious because it is coated with cheese, beef, and vegetables.
22. Ice Candles
Ice lolly is a favorite drink for elementary school children. Usually what they like is green bean ice wax, chocolate milk ice wax, fruit syrup ice wax.
Apart from its good taste, the ice is also very fresh if taken during the afternoon after exercise.
23. Ice Cream
Although the price is more expensive than ice lolly, ice cream has its own idol. Usually, mothers are happier if their children eat ice cream compared to buying other ice.
Because ice cream is more nutritious. And ice cream is also referred to as a substitute for milk for those who do not like milk can buy ice cream.
24. Fruit Ice/Fruit Juice
Well, fruit ice or fruit juice can also be said to be a mainstay after a heavy meal such as chicken noodles, meatballs, dumplings, and rice. Fruit juice is usually more expensive. If you want to sell fruit juice or fruit ice, it's better at the middle school or high school canteen where the allowance is bigger.
25. Es Dawet
Dawet ice becomes very reliable when it's hot, especially after exercising. Surely a lot of children are looking for him. Dawet ice can also be a companion drink after lunch.
26. Iced Tea
This drink is a mainstay for every food. Usually can be made alone or with bottled tea. Iced tea itself there are tasteless and some sweet depending on the order. And of course, the price will be different.
27. Tofu
Tofu is now a contemporary food. It can be used as a snack can also be used as a food booster hungry stomach. But it's not


text:
CODE OF STUDENT CONDUCT
Article I: Judicial Authority
Article II: Definitions
Article III: Proscribed Conduct
Article IV: Organizational Misconduct
Article V: Judicial Procedures
The University of Alabama aspires to transmit knowledge, to develop its students, and to promote the quality of society. In seeking these goals, the University recognizes the significance of student rights. These rights include freedom of expression, autonomy, procedural protection, and the integrity of people and their property. By ensuring these individual rights, the University fosters an environment conducive to student success and well-being. The Code of Student Conduct fully respects student rights.
Of course, students have obligations as well as rights. As members of an academic community, they must observe rules that benefit their classmates and their University. Students must practice personal integrity. By so doing, they respect the dignity, rights, and property of others, both students and all members of the University community. The Code of Student Conduct thus creates an expectation of behavior that the University deems acceptable. By fulfilling these expectations, students can enjoy their own rights, while also respecting their classmates' rights and furthering the University's goals.
However, the University community, as any other, must have a system to deal with those instances when a member fails to adhere to the expectations of the community. The Code of Student Conduct describes the actions which fail to meet expectations, the process of determining when a failure has occurred, and the punishment to be imposed for such failure.


hiding real directory information from users increases the security of your system. This is probably true but it is generally not a significant security problem. By default, this is off because the real directory path is often very helpful in sorting out problems, and we believe that making the server easier to use and administer is more important than this subtle security enhancement. However, the option is provided here if you do want/need to be paranoid.
The banner is displayed after the user has logged in. Some FTP clients hide this information but most will display it in some way. Typically you use this banner to tell users what they will find in various directories. You can use a special variable %virtual_paths% which the server will replace with a list of aliases that are defined and there real physical paths.
Back to server


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Does it make sense to use "Learn More" as a button to expand more contents?
See example: _URL_
Some of my colleagues argue that after you've expanded, the Learn More button no longer makes sense.
share|improve this question
Button looks more prominent in a heavy-graphic envinronment. So the chances of been noticed and clicked are increased. – Alexey Kolchenko Mar 18 '14 at 21:33
5 Answers 5
I think ideally what you'd want to do in this particular case is have the text of the button change after the user initially clicks it to something like "collapse." You can probably find a more artful label than collapse in this instance but the learn more label is no longer helpful to users after it has been clicked.
Hope this helps.
share|improve this answer
The example is (Starbucks) isn't all that great:

It's neither a link nor a button, but a div. And a div sans any real content. So completely in accessible. Seems pretty sloppy of Starbucks (as they tend to be pretty good with their online properties).
That said, from a user-interaction standpoint, links that look like links are typically links--meaning they navigate you to another page. Buttons that look like buttons tend to be a variety of things. Sometimes you're submitting data, sometimes you're linking to a site, sometimes it's triggering a modal, etc.
In this particular example, I think the visual should better reflect what it does...some sort of toggle for an open/close panel interaction. Perhaps a triangle (pointed right for close, down for open) or a karet or perhaps +/- sign, etc.
In terms of the text, you're right 'lean more' doesn't make a whole lot of sense once it's open, but once it opens, the user understands that it's a toggle, so it's still intuitive in terms of interaction design. Personally, I'd choose "More Information" or what have you.
share|improve this answer
It should be a (even if it doesn't look like one) for accessibility reasons.
As _USER_-usability-people stated in their answer, links should only be used for navigation purposes. Revealing and hiding content is not considered navigation. So, unless you would be navigating somewhere, an anchor link () would not be correct.
share|improve this answer
Buttons are for actions
Links are for navigation
Answer: it depends on where the CTA points to
share|improve this answer
I say that in this case, I think it makes more sense as a link.
 1. When you click it, more aside-style info is revealed - no real actions on data are applied. It's more of just a navigational feature.
 2. I don't think the Learn More is the main CTA of the page. To me the CTA is to click on one of those bags of coffee and make the purchase.
 3. With #2 in mind above, I don't think the button deserves as much visual weight as it has in the context of the content it shows on Starbucks' page.
Downside: IMO, I'm not sure that I would even notice the "Learn More" if it was a link (as opposed to a button). That background image it's place upon is a bit distracting.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


text:
Yuan, Shengjun4; Roldán, Rafael5; Jauho, Antti-Pekka3; Katsnelson, M. I.4
1 Department of Microand Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark2 Theoretical Nanotechnology, Department of Microand Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark3 Center for Nanostructured Graphene, Center, Technical University of Denmark4 Radboud Universiteit5 Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid
Regular nanoscale perforations in graphene (graphene antidot lattices, GALs) are known to lead to a gap in the energy spectrum, thereby paving a possible way towards many applications. This theoretical prediction relies on a perfect placement of identical perforations, a situation not likely to occur in the laboratory. Here, we present a systematic study of the effects of disorder in GALs. We consider both geometric and chemical disorder, and evaluate the density of states as well as the optical conductivity of disordered GALs. The theoretical method is based on an efficient algorithm for solving the time-dependent Schro¨dinger equation in a tight-binding representation of the graphene sheet [Yuan et al., Phys. Rev. B 82, 115448 (2010)], which allows us to consider GALs consisting of 6400 × 6400 carbon atoms. The central conclusion for all kinds of disorder is that the gaps found for pristine GALs do survive at a considerable amount of disorder, but disappear for very strong disorder. Geometric disorder is more detrimental to gap formation than chemical disorder. The optical conductivity shows a low-energy tail below the pristine GAL band gap due to disorder-introduced transitions.
Physical Review B (condensed Matter and Materials Physics), 2013, Vol 87, Issue 8


Vientiane Stories and Tips
Baci Ceremony in Laos
Baci Ceremony, Vientiane
We were invited to take part in our own Baci Ceremony while we were in Vientiane. Prior to our own ceremony I knew nothing about what happened or why they had the ceremonies.
In Laos a Baci ceremony is carried out for both sad and happy events so it might be for a marriage, a birth of a child, a funeral/death, a welcome home, before or after major exams and before a long journey could all be reasons for a Baci ceremony.
There is no specific day or time for a Baci ceremony but just before noon or sunset appears to be a preferred time. The idea of the ceremony is a calling of the soul or in Laos "su kwan" also spelt 'sou khuan'.
The idea of kwan is the soul of a person but more than that; vital life force of any being. In Laos it was believed in ancient times that humans consisted of thirty two parts and these were watched over by kwan. The human works best when all his kwan are in the body and the idea of the Baci ceremony is to call all the kwan back to the body from wherever they have wandered off to.
The Pha kwan or Pha Khuan
When we arrived in the middle of the floor was a wonderful creation called the pha kwan. This is made from banana leaves, marigolds and white threads. It is wider at the bottom like a pyramid and must take hours to create. This creation is usually made by older woman in the village or community.
This flower creation is set on a white cloth in the middle of the room. The person who is to carry out the ceremony sits cross legged in front of the pha kwan and he is called a maw pawn or mohkwan or mor phon. The maw pawn is usually an elderly man, often an ex monk and he chants the sort of poetry during the ceremony. The maw pawn also knows the auspicious days when it is best to hold a Baci ceremony and that is worked out by using the lunar phases.
Around the pha kwan were a couple of sweets and dried and fresh fruit, hard boiled eggs which represent the foetus, a stalk of bananas which represented the community and each fruit being member s of that community, a whole boiled chicken with head feet and claws and finally as a bottle of Laolao whisky for purification.
Our Ceremony
We had to sit on the carpet around the pha kwan and the white strings that were attached to the pha kwan were taken and handed to each of us to hold. The maw pawn also held one white string too. And began his Buddhist or animist chanting which is him calling the wandering spirits back to the body.
The ceremony began by the maw pawn lighting a candle on the top of the Pha Kwan and then those taking part in the ceremony my husband and I laid our hands palm down at the edge of the pha kwan. The maw pawn then brushed our hands with the white strings saying "hai kuard nee, dee kuard kao" meaning "bad is swept out, good is swept in".
The next stage was he took the white strings and gave us each one to hold and he also held one end and he chanted some more and this was asking our spirits to receive the blessings.We then held the string between our palms while he continued to chant.
We were then told to say "ma der khuan euy" whixh according to our guide means "please come spirits". He then threw some bits of rice in the air over us. These rice grains we were told represented the spirits and the good luck that we had asked for in the ceremony.
After the chanting the maw pawn then tied the strings around our wrists. If this had been a big ceremony such as a pre wedding ceremony then everybody would have then come forward to tie a string around the wrists of the couple taking part. I think about three or four strings were tied around each of our wrists. As these strings were tied around our wrists he chanted some more words which were a sort of concluding blessing.
The final part of the ceremony was that the maw pawn poured a little shot of Laolao into small glasses and we each had one. This concluded the ceremony and we were instructed to keep the white strings on our wrists for at least three days and longer if we wanted our lost spirits to have the best chance of returning to us.
We got up to leave and we told that we were to take the beautiful pha kwan home with us. We sadly only had one more night in Vientiane so we took it back and had it in our hotel room for one night and then left it for the cleaner the next day so hopefully it might return her spirits too.
I kept my strings on for the rest of our holiday so hopefully all my spirits have returned to me. My husband took his off when we left Laos which was at least three days so I think he has been balanced too.
I found the ceremony really interesting. I am not sure i fully understand the whole thing. I am certain I understood not a word of the chanting but it was done with ceremony and was very serious too. The maw pawn didn't speak to us at all except when doing his chanting and after the ceremony he disappeared very quickly. Out guide was greta and explained a lot of what went on to us so that we understood the ceremony and what happened a bit better than just sitting through it.
My husband can't bend his knees and sit on the floor so he really struggled as you are meant to kneel and sit on your heels or sit cross legged and he can do neither so sort of had his legs bent to the side. This is something to consider if you have problems like this. You have to sit for about twenty minutes so my legs were just beginning to get pins and needles when we finished.
I thought it was lovely that we got to keep the pha Kwan and such a shame we only got to enoy it for one night. I hope the hotel cleaning staff got some pleasure out of it as so much work had gone into making it.
I am sure we paid for this in our tour but I am not sure what it cost. Selective Asia put together our itinerary for us and worked out all the flights etc while we just told them what we wanted to do.
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_USER_ {15510, title = {Automatic assignment algorithms for loading double stack rail cars}, journal = {Transportation Research Record}, volume = {1511}, year = {1995}, month = {01/1995}, pages = {10-18}, chapter = {10}, abstract = {
The development of two automatic suggestion algorithms (ASAs) for loading containers onto double-stack railcars is described. A container-oriented ASA (COASA) considers each arriving container and selects a loading position (LP) on the train. A location-oriented ASA (LOASA) considers each loading position and selects a container from the arrival pool (the containers at the terminal entrance queue). Both approaches use heuristics to improve train loading quality. A well-loaded train has a high load factor, low center of gravity, and uniform load distribution along the length of the train. Metrics were developed for each of these measures of performance. The loading strategies are tested using the Monte Carlo method based on historical container arrival data and typical train configurations. The performance of the LOASA improves when the pool size is increased, with the greatest improvement occurring when the pool size increases from one to two. For pool sizes greater than two, the COASA and the LOASA have similar performance. A simplified algorithm also was tested and evaluated. That algorithm produced load factors similar to the LOASA and the COASA, but did not perform as well according to the other metrics.
}, keywords = {Algorithms, Containers, Heuristic methods, Loads, Monte Carlo method, Performance evaluations, Railroad cars}, issn = {0361-1981}, url = {_URL_ author = {Jahren, Charles T. and Rolle, Stephen S. and Spurgeon, Lawrence E. and Palmer, Richard N. and Newman, Ronald R. and Howland, David L.} }


text:
Worker Health Study Summaries
Research on long-term exposure
NIOSH Multi-Site Leukemia Study
NOTE: This page is archived for historical purposes and is no longer being maintained or updated.
NOTICE: These are NIOSH Archive Documents, and may not represent current NIOSH Policy. They are presented here as historical content, for research and review purposes only. This collection of Worker Notification Materials and any recommendations made herein are relevant for specific worker populations. The results do not predict risk for a given individual. The results may not be universally applicable.
NIOSH researchers looked at a group of nuclear workers to see if being exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation in the workplace may or may not be linked with fatal leukemia (death caused from leukemia).
Why was this study done?
Previous studies suggest exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation may cause leukemia. However, it is still uncertain if low doses of ionizing radiation, which are common in some workplaces, may also cause leukemia.
Leukemia is a type of cancer, an illness that starts in blood-forming tissue such as bone marrow. Leukemia causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced. The cancer cells interfere with the body's production of healthy cells, making the body unable to fight off infections.
Leukemia is either chronic (slowly progressing) or acute (rapidly progressing).
There are many types of leukemia. The four main types are:
- Acute lymphocytic leukemia
- Acute myeloid leukemia
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
- Chronic myeloid leukemia
What nuclear facilities were involved in this study?
Five U.S. nuclear facilities were involved:
- Hanford Site
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (including Zia workers)
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Portsmouth Naval Shipyard
- Savannah River Site
Between the 1940s and 1990s, a total of 94,517 workers were monitored for radiation exposure at these facilities. Using death certificates, we found 257 of these workers died from a type of leukemia.
Who was included in the study?
Because this study focused on fatal leukemia we wanted to learn more about the workers who died from leukemia by comparing them to workers who did not die from leukemia.
This study included 249 of the 257 workers who died from leukemia (eight workers were not included because it was not clear what type of leukemia they died from). These 249 workers died from different types of leukemia see graph 1).
We compared the 249 workers to a sample of 995 workers from these sites who did not die from leukemia and were the same age as the workers who had died from leukemia.
How was the study done?
Using information and records gathered from the study sites, we estimated radiation doses for the 249 workers who died from leukemia. Radiation doses were also estimated for the comparison group of 995 workers who did not die from leukemia.
We noted if any of these workers smoked or were exposed to other possible cancer-causing agents in the workplace, including benzene and carbon tetrachloride.
We compared the radiation doses of workers who died of leukemia to the radiation doses of the comparison group. From this, we were able to examine the possible link between fatal leukemia and the amount of radiation exposure in the workplace. This is called the "doseresponse" relation.
What did the study find?
- The death rate for chronic myeloid, acute lymphocytic, acute myeloid and the other, less common types of leukemia combined was slightly higher in workers exposed to more than one rem of radiation total during their employment at one of these sites compared to workers who received lower doses.
- No increase in death rate for the chronic lymphocytic type of leukemia was seen among these workers.
- On average, workers with fatal leukemia were exposed to a total of three rems of radiation during their employment at one of these sites.
- The dose response relation in our study was similar to earlier studies of radiation-exposed populations.
Graph 1: Types of leukemia the 249 workers died from.
What does this mean?
After taking into account smoking and exposure to benzene and carbon tetrachloride, we found the risk of some types of leukemia was slightly higher in workers exposed to more than one rem of radiation.
One way this can be explained is by comparing two groups of men in the U.S.: one group not exposed to radiation and a second group exposed to three rems of radiation (the average total exposure in the workers with fatal leukemia). The normal lifetime chance of dying from leukemia in the first group is 71 men out of 10,000. The lifetime chance of dying from leukemia in the second group is 77 men out of 10,000.
If you were exposed to this level it does not mean you will get leukemia. It is important to remember that our study looked at these workers as a group, and therefore cannot predict the future health of any one person.
What were the limitations?
Because methods to record radiation exposure have improved over time, it is likely exposure estimates are more accurate for later years compared to those from the 1940's. When we looked at workers with the same amount of radiation exposure, we found workers hired after 1952 seemed to have a higher chance of leukemia than workers hired earlier.
Also, this study only included workers who died from leukemia. Workers who currently have, or did not die from leukemia were not included because information on cancer illness was not available in all states until recently.
What should you do?
Average radiation exposures are generally lower in workers today compared to 40 years ago because of improved technology and changes in work practices. If you currently work with radioactive materials or non-radioactive hazardous materials, contact your health and safety representative if you have any questions about your exposure or how to best protect yourself.
Information on the types, symptoms, and treatment of leukemia
The American Cancer Society
or call _PHONE_.
The National Cancer Institute
or call 800-4-CANCER
Building Trades National Medical Screening Program
This program is designed to identify health problems caused by hazardous substances workers may have been exposed to while working on a Department of Energy site. For more information, visit _URL_ or call _PHONE_.
Compensation Program for Civilian Nuclear Weapons Workers
If you have developed an illness you think might be related to exposure from working at a Department of Energy (DOE) site or a DOE contractor facility, you could be eligible for benefits under the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act of 2000 (EEOICPA).
EEOICPA, administered by the Department of Labor, provides compensation and medical benefits for certain civilian nuclear weapons workers (and their survivors) who may have developed certain work-related illnesses, including cancer. NOTE: Not all DOE workers will be eligible for this compensation.
The NIOSH Office of Compensation Analysis and Support (OCAS) helps the Department of Labor (DOL) by reconstructing radiation doses for certain claimants who have developed cancer.
For more information about EEOICPA, visit _URL_ or _URL_
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
CDC is the federal agency that works to promote health and quality of life by preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. For more information, visit _URL_ or call 800-CDC-INFO.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
NIOSH is the federal agency within CDC that is responsible for conducting research and making recommendations for the prevention of work-related injury and illness. For more information, visit _URL_
This study was done by the NIOSH Occupational Energy Research Program (OERP) and was funded by the Department of Energy (DOE). For more information about the OERP or to obtain an electronic copy of this worker notification, visit: _URL_ or call 800-CDC-INFO
Schubauer-Berigan MK, et al. Risk of chronic myeloid and acute
leukemia mortality following exposure to ionizing radiation among workers
at four U.S. nuclear weapons facilities and a nuclear naval shipyard.
Radiation Research. 2007; 167:222-232.
PDF document (107KB; 11 pages)
Schubauer-Berigan MK, et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and radiation: findings among workers at five US nuclear facilities and a review of the recent literature. British Journal of Haematology. 2007; 139:799-808.
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
TTY: _PHONE_
- New Hours of Operation
- Contact CDC-INFO


text:
Brick Wall Builder:
Brick Wall Builder is a scripted plugin created using 3ds max MCG and as the name tells it creates a various shapes of brick walls with huge amount of flexibility like you can choose multiple kinds of stones and apply a random materials to them in addition to changing the position,rotation and scale uniformly or randomly. It's as simple as just picking the shape and the brick and it will do the rest, and when you are done with distribution you like and thought of changing the shape length do worry also has the ability of maintaining the count and distribution while you are doing so.
The tool is broken into diffirent sections:
-The pick part where you're gonna pick your base shape, bricks and end part.
And you are able to view your bricks and end parts as proxy meshes (which still needs some optimization) in adition to enabling and disabling end parts.
-The General parameters:
I will just heighlight the important stuff here
Strides will allow you to move every other column of bricks up on the Z Axis a brick distance. This will allow you to achieve the normal brick wall shape when you dicrease the gap between the columns.
Z+ will shift your wall orientation either up or down.
Ativating Random Mat IDs will overwrite your mesh setting and give your bricks a random ID numbers from 1 until the Max Mat ID parameter is reached.
The rest of the sections are self explanatory, just a couple of transformation parameters.
Please bear in mind that there is no filtering for the picking part yet so when it say pick a curve do pick a curve and for the bricks part pick a mesh, an one more thing it only supports one welded line and this due to MCG limitation whick I hope it's gonna be fixed in future releases.
-I fixed the straight lines issue (in case your shape was a rectangle with straight angles for example).
-The parameters now in system unit.
-Increased the limits of some spinners.
-Fixed the min and max, so when you put one for min you will get one.
-Be careful if there is no objects in the end part list please do disable the end part check button or else the tool wont update.
-Random scale remapped and goes from 0 to 100 properly now.
-Adjusting the path vertexes on Z axis will mess up the bricks orientation in a weird way, now it's fixed and however you modify it it will stay pointing up.
-The bricks are one unit shifted on z axis when created, it's fixed now.
-Now the tool will preserve your bricks Material IDs and will not overwrite them to (1).
-I removed the proxy feature, it doesn't work as it's suppose to work. Instead you can apply BBox modifier to your brick.
-Since last update Side Shift uses the wrong direction, it's fixed now.
Error message solved : Can't find operator VuTransFormsOnCurve
How to install:
After downloading and unzipping the file go to Scripting menu and choose Install Max Creation Graph. after installing you will find it in command panel creation tab under VFXarabia category.
Requirements: 3ds 2016 Extension1
Direct Download 1.4


text:
A three-year field study conducted by Ohio State University's School of Environment and Natural Resources in partnership with the Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago (MWRD) has resulted in a valuable collection of research that can benefit the Calumet region. The results of this study will be presented to the public on Jan. 18 from 1:30 p.m. to 2:30 p.m. at the Stickney Water Reclamation Plant Auditorium, 6001 W. Pershing Road, Cicero. This seminar is eligible for Professional Development Credits/Continuing Education Units, and reservations are required.
The study compared the performance of MWRD's biosolids with the United States Composting Council's certified vegetative compost to determine its restorative qualities in degraded soil. Dr. Nicholas Basta, Professor of Soil and Environmental Chemistry, lead the study.
"Our goal was to evaluate the potential impacts of biosolids and compost application on surface water quality in the Calumet region," explained Dr. Thomas Granato, MWRD Director of Monitoring and Research. "This joint effort grew from a one day workshop in 2008 where members of the Calumet Government Working Group and experts in the field of ecological restoration discussed the state of the science of using biosolids for restoration and reconstruction of degraded land in the Calumet region. Biosolids are a cost-effective resource and are in abundant supply."
Biosolids are nutrient-rich, highly organic material developed through extensive treatment and are a superior, yet less expensive alternative to chemical fertilizer. Biosolids can be used in landscaping, for turf at parks and athletic fields and for agricultural crops. MWRD's biosolids are of exceptional quality based on federal standards and, as a service to municipal and commercial users in Cook County, the MWRD offers and delivers biosolids at no cost.
"Many area golf courses, park districts and communities in the Chicago area are using biosolids to improve the quality of their turf, and farmers in the nearby counties like the benefits of higher yields they receive by using biosolids," said Commissioner Mariyana Spyropoulos, Chairman of the MWRD Monitoring and Research Committee.
Reservations for the Jan. 18 presentation can be made by calling _PHONE_. The program and parking are complimentary.
Additional information about the MWRD's biosolids program can be found at _URL_.
Our water environment…Take it personally.
# # #


text:
Every year, thousands of babies die in their sleep for no obvious reason. This is known as Sudden Infant Death Syndrome or 'cot death'.
Now scientists have come up with a special pyjama suit – known as Mamagoose - that can send out a warning if the baby stops breathing. The pyjamas are based on a'smart' suit that was developed to monitor the motion of astronauts in the early 1990's.
The suit includes five sensors that continuously monitor babies while they sleep. Three of them check the infant's heartbeat and two more monitor breathing.
The sensors are built into the cloth and have no direct contact with the body, so there is no discomfort for the baby.
The sensors are linked to a miniaturised computer. At the first sign that the baby has stopped breathing, the computer sounds an alarm to alert the parents.
The pyjamas are made of two parts. The lining, which comes into direct contact with the baby, can be machine-washed. The other part, which contains the sensor system, can be washed by hand. The pyjamas come in three sizes and are made of non-allergic material.
A cheaper version, known as Babyguard, is now being developed in Belgium and will be sold in shops so that parents can rest easy when their babies are asleep.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Oxford Dictionaries Online defines embedded in the meaning I'm interested in as:
Definition of embed
verb (embeds, embedding, embedded)
[with object]
 - (often as adjective embedded) design and build (a microprocessor) as an integral part of a system or device:
 it eliminates the need for an embedded controller on the plotter
Etymonline traces the word back to a geological term, but I doubt system engineers reached to geology in coining this meaning, and while nowadays the use is widespread and common, as I think about it, there are other ways to phrase this kind of relationship/property that must have felt just as, or more intuitive — integral, intristic, bound, inherent, ingrained, nested.
I'm interested in origins of this use of this word. Who, when, in what context used it first in this meaning? Any backstory/motivation?
share|improve this question
Since you've got access to OED, I'd start there. I doubt they've gotten to E on the current pass (it started on M), but it's likely to have something of use, and it may have the actual answer. When's is OED's first citation? What's the context. What other uses of embed were at that time already established in engineering?... That will give you some tentative search terms for stepping the use back on Google Books. – StoneyB Jan 29 '13 at 13:45
_USER_: I don't have access to the full OED, just free oxforddictionaries.com – SF. Jan 29 '13 at 14:05
The content of etymonline is most likely from OED. – Mitch Jan 29 '13 at 14:23
2 Answers 2
up vote 2 down vote accepted
Etymonline itself says "figurative sense is from 1835".
There's a few things to note here. Firstly, in 19th Century Britain, geology was the gentleman's science par excellence; The Geological Society of London rivalled the Royal Society in respect and membership. It was not unheard of for fossil collecting to be done in top hat and tails (okay, that was just one particularly eccentric fellow, but still). Mary Anning had supported her family by selling sea shells on the sea shore.
As such, anyone who wanted to take pride in being intellectually current, wanted to consider himself reasonably knowledgeable on, and to hold informed opinions about, geology. We could compare it to the buzz around web technologies of the 1990s dot-com era.
As such, it's not at all surprising to find a geological term used figuratively, any more than it was to see nightclub posters telling us when and where they would be @ in the 90s.
The other thing is that embed is a simple word of obvious construction. It would be unusual to see someone use a geological term like quaquaversal used in other contexts (though Thomas Pynchon once used it of a beard), but we can see em- + bed and immediately widen it mentally to the figurative use. A figurative use that arguably is really no longer figurative (do you think of geology when you hear it?).
So, on we go through the centuries, or about century and a half, and the Apollo mission is making use of a computer guidance system to hopefully steer people to and from the moon. What to call this configuration?
Integral. Very bad choice, the "integrated circuits" used in it were still a hot new technology in themselves. They already had a meaning for integral and its variants.
Intristic. Invites the question, "As opposed to what?". What we could call the extrinsic parts of a Saturn V that's in space, are those parts in a control room in Texas.
Bound. Maybe. Maybe a bit too wide though.
Inherent, ingrained, nested. All of these make me wonder "what isn't?" given the context.
On the other hand, one novel feature of this computer, was that the integrated circuits, and the wiring between them was physically covered in epoxy in a way that would bring embedded to the mind of anyone looking for the mot juste to describe it physically, since the end of the 1800s.
So, of course they could have called it something else, any naming decision could have gone differently, but that embedded was chosen is pretty reasonable and understandable.
share|improve this answer
As for the "what is opposite", it's "standalone". Computers that are not an intristic part of a bigger device but stand on their own as general-purpose devices. But I must agree immersing everything in Epoxy was standard these days and it totally evokes the geological imagery. – SF. Jan 29 '13 at 16:00
My point was more that nothing was standalone on a Saturn V, unless we count those things left on earth as part of the overall system. – Jon Hanna Jan 29 '13 at 16:17
There was a plenty of "external" control devices and computers tasked with driving various systems. Of course using one in context of a space probe would be utterly stupid design decision, but the "as opposed to what" is not really an issue. "Embedded" is not a half of a dual system, it's a design choice vs "remotely controlled". – SF. Jan 29 '13 at 16:33
I think its not being an issue, is what makes it an issue when it comes to thinking of the name; we tend to name by what is remarkable about something and which makes it stand apart from other things. To people working on that project, something being intrinsic to the design wasn't remarkable, when so many other things were intrinsic by one definition or another. – Jon Hanna Jan 29 '13 at 16:37
I think I understand: Nowadays we contrast embedded vs general-purpose, but at the time that wasn't the case; it's the "embedded in epoxy" that evolved into this modern meaning. - Is that what you mean? – SF. Jan 29 '13 at 17:35
Let's refer back to the Oxford Dictionaries Online definition of embed:
1 fix (an object) firmly and deeply in a surrounding mass: he had an operation to remove a nail embedded in his chest
 - implant (an idea or feeling) so that it becomes ingrained within a particular context:
 the Victorian values embedded in Tennyson's poetry
 - Linguistics place (a phrase or clause) within another clause or sentence:
 (as adjective embedded)
 the embedded sentence has no overt introducer
 - Computing incorporate (a text or code) within the body of a file or document:
 this is the standard way of embedding data in your program
 - (often as adjective embedded) design and build (a microprocessor) as an integral part of a system or device: it eliminates the need for an embedded controller on the plotter
All these examples show a smaller, integral item or part fixed soundly inside a larger item, in much the same way a fossil is embedded in a rock. They don't necessarily all stem directly from the original fossil use, rather it had long since became a general term and was therefore quite a natural choice for computing as well.
There are other computing uses: embedded software runs on things not usually thought of as computers, such as mobile phones and set-top boxes; an embedded system is a special system designed to run as part of a larger computer system.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


text:
Skip the mid-term in history: U of T students adopt 200 year old diets from Southeast Asia
November 30, 2016
In HIS346H Rice and Spice in Southeast Asia: a Regional Food History, Professor Nhung Tran teaches her undergraduate students through an experiential learning project. After choosing from a list of people living in different regions of Southeast Asia during the seventeenthand nineteenthcenturies (e.g. Javanese sugar factory worker), students then research and adopt the diet of that person for four days. To learn more about students' experiences on diets of rice, sweet potatoes and fish, read further here: Faculty of Arts & Science News.


Here's some good news: if you've been arrested, your driver's license might not necessarily be suspended. Only certain kinds of offences will result in losing your license. However, that suspension might be permanent, depending on what you've done.
When Can Your License Be Suspended?
According to the paralegal firm Traffic Services, there are a number of reasons your license could be suspended. You might have neglected to pay traffic or parking tickets. It might be due to a medical reason. You could have exceeded your limit of demerit points. Or, your license could be suspended due to an alcohol related offence.
How Long Does a Driver's License Suspension Last?
The length of your driver's license suspension depends on the offence. Traffic Services notes that the first time you're caught driving with a suspended license, you'll receive a mandatory six month suspension above and beyond the original penalty. Driving without insurance might lead to a year long license suspension.
A first time impaired driving offence could lead to a prohibition on getting behind the wheel for a year, and if you're caught doing it again, you'll lose your license for three years. Refusing to provide a blood or breath sample can result in criminal charges. The charges are the same for an impaired driving offence, with an automatic one year suspension of your license.
Dangerous driving can also lead to losing your license, temporarily. Under the Canadian Criminal Code, "dangerous driving" is defined as driving over 80 kmh over the speed limit and/or in a fashion that puts other people's lives in danger. A dangerous driving conviction will lead to an automatic one year suspension. If someone sustains injuries as a result of your dangerous driving, that's referred to as "dangerous driving causing bodily harm" under the Criminal Code. You can lose your license for a year, and you might be imprisoned.
How Can I Get My License Back?
Each Canadian province or territory has different policy for driver's license reinstatement. You'll need to check with your province or territory's Ministry of Transportation to determine the exact process you need to undergo, as well as the fees you need to pay, in order to get your license back.
Doesn't a Record Suspension Mean My License is Reinstated?
Canadian Legal Resource Centre Inc., a paralegal firm, has some bad news for you on this front: a record suspension does not mean you can drive legally. A record suspension means your criminal offence no longer counts against you. It does not have the power to reinstate driver's licenses. Also, just because you've received a record suspension, your provincial or territorial MTO might not reinstate your license.
Will My License Suspension Affect Obtaining a Record Suspension?
There's some good news on this count: Canadian Legal Resource Centre explains that if your license was suspended as a result of the offence for which you're seeking a record suspension, it doesn't affect the waiting period to receive a record suspension. However, if your license is suspended during the waiting period, your record suspension could be denied.
Testimonial Submission
 - Testimonial's title. Describe your experience in one phrase.
 - Please be as detailed as possible. How can we improve? What did you like? What did you not like as much?
Comments are closed.


text:
Journalists' Training on "Gender and Media"
Panorama from Sky Tower in Tirana, Albania
UNESCO, in cooperation with the major media stakeholders, has developed a set of indicators to assess gender equality and women's empowerment in media. These UNESCO Gender-Sensitive Indicators for Media (GSIM) seek to address the intersection of women's empowerment and media development. Its main focus is on the equality and gender dimensions of social diversity in the media.
While inequalities and gender stereotypes exist in social structures and the minds of people, media have the potential to propagate and perpetuate or to ameliorate these. Furthermore, the conscious or unconscious biases that many media professionals, both men and women, sometimes have towards one-sidedly reductionist masculinist perspectives is partially due to the lack of capacity to report on women and gender more broadly.
UNESCO invites journalists to apply these indicators to become better informed when dealing with gender issues in the media sphere. They are designed to assist people working in the media to assess progress on gender equality, identify challenges, and contribute to local, regional and global debates leading to the formulation of concrete policies to promote gender equality and the advancement of women worldwide.
This 2-day training with journalists to enhance their fair and balanced reporting of issues directly or indirectly related to WOMEN and not only is organized in the framework of the Albania – United Nations Programme of Cooperation 2012-2016 and with the support of the Sweden Embassy to Tirana.
|Type of Event||Working group|
|Start||07.12.2012 08:00 local time|
|End||08.12.2012 18:00 local time|
|Date to be fixed||0|
|Focal point||Santesso, Rosanna|
|Organizer||UNESCO Venice Office|
|Contact||Rosanna Santesso at _EMAIL_|
|Permanent Delegation Contact|
|Language of Event||English|
|Estimated number of participants|
|Official Website||UNESCO Venice Office|


text:
Every browser has its own active memory limit. This can differ across devices but the general understanding is there's an active memory limit of 2GB per browser tab.
As Figma serves both the web app and the desktop app via a browser, these limitations apply when using the Figma desktop app also.
If you're working with large files or libraries in Figma you may run into these limits. To continue to use affected files, you must reduce your memory usage.
In this article, we'll outline some of the ways you can adapt your files so they work within these limitations. Jump to memory reduction tips ↓
Memory usage alerts
Note: You may not see all these alerts in order. If memory usage increases in a short space of time, you may not receive an alert at all.
Figma measures your memory usage as a percentage, which means you may see different values across platforms or devices.
To keep you informed of your memory usage, and any potential issues that may arise, Figma displays banners and alerts at certain thresholds:
When you reach
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HydroCAD® Stormwater Modeling - Since 1986
HydroCAD provides a wide range of basic pond outlet devices, including orifice flow, weirs, culverts, tubes, and siphons. These may be used individually to model simple outlets, or combined in various arrangements to model more complex outlets, such as a riser structure or notched weir. HydroCAD can also be used to model active outlet devices, such as pumps, or time-varying outlets such as a dam breach. Each pond can have an unlimited number of outlet devices.
Complete details of the hydraulics calculations are provided in the HydroCAD Owner's Manual, as well as the built-in Help system. Just click the help button on the outlet selection screen, or on a specific outlet device.
Outlet Device Routing
The flow from each outlet device is routed to a specific node outflow. By default, most devices are routed to primary. This causes their flow to be directed to the primary outflow arrow on the routing diagram. If desired, individual devices can also be routed to secondary or tertiary. This causes their flow to be calculated and reported separately, and makes it available as a separate outflow on the routing diagram.
Any number of devices that can be routed to each outflow. When several devices are routed to the same outflow, their individual flows are combined and routed together.
Flows that are not subject to further routing (such as exfiltration), are usually routed to the discarded outflow. The device routing can also be used to construct compound outlet structures, such as a riser.
Outlet Device Reporting
The summary report for each pond includes a graphical representation of the outlet devices, plus an analysis of the maximum flow through each device.
1) Each discharge (primary, secondary, discarded) is labeled with the following information:
Maximum flow rate
The maximum flow is calculated directly from the discharge equations at the listed HW and TW elevations. This value may be slightly less than the interpolated peak flow that appears a the top of the summary. This difference can often be reduced by using a smaller time step, but some difference is expected due to the different calculation procedure. If desired, the devices flows may be removed from the report by using the summary report context menu. (Requires HydroCAD-8.5 or later.)
2) Each device (culvert, weir, etc.) includes one of the following messages describing its role in determining the maximum flow through its designated discharge point:
Controls x.xx cfs @ x.x fps - The device is acting as a control point, and is restricting the discharge to the specified flow. This does not necessarily mean that the device is flowing full, but that under the current conditions, its flow is more restrictive than other devices to which it may be connected. The message also indicates the approximate discharge velocity corresponding to this flow, and the governing discharge equation.
Passes xx.xx cfs of xx.xx cfs potential flow - The device is passing a specified flow that is less than its potential flow for the headwater/tailwater conditions at that time. The device is not a control point. The maximum flow is being controlled by other device(s).
Passes < xx.xx cfs potential flow - The device is passing a flow that is less than its potential flow, but the flow could not be determined, since it is apportioned between two or more devices. The device is not a control point. The maximum flow is being controlled by another device to which this device contributes a portion of the total flow.
Since the flows (and control points) are recalculated at each time step, these values can be expected to vary throughout the routing. The flow analysis shows only the conditions at the time of maximum discharge. Furthermore, when using a dynamic tailwater procedure, the maximum flow may occur at a different time for the primary and secondary discharge.
Copyright © 2013 HydroCAD Software Solutions LLC (privacy) (legal notices)


What does "PUK" mean on your SIM card when you lock your phone?
With mobile phones, PUK stands for "personal unlocking key." This code is used to open a SIM card that has been locked after using the wrong personal identification number (PIN) a certain number of times.
Most SIM cards allow only up to three tries before being locked. A locked SIM card then requires a PUK. This usually comes with the SIM card, or the mobile carrier can be contacted to inquire how to procure this code. If the wrong PUK is entered a set number of times, the SIM card is then permanently locked. This can happen if a person continues to enter the PIN when the SIM card is already asking for the PUK.


When every second counts
In the event that a child gets lost in a public area, on their way home or, possibly even disappearing altogether, a complete and up-to-date description of the child can save valuable time and will allow law enforcement to respond more quickly in initiating searches for the missing child.
Thanks to a generous grant by Telus Community Board, the Missing Children's Network created Sign4l, an application that is available free of charge on most Apple and Android smartphones. Sign4l allows parents to store up-to-date photos and vital physical descriptions of their child which they can then instantly email or text to the relevant authorities, allowing them to save time in the event of an emergency.
The information that is saved by parents on their child is not stored in any database. Only parents or guardians will be able to access their children's data sheet.
Parents can also rely on the reminder function, which varies according to the age of the child, allowing them to update their child's profile at any time in the application. SIGN4L also includes safety tips for children as well as the 4 crucial steps to follow in the moments following the disappearance of a child.
To Download Sign4l
The Service de Police de la Ville de Montréal welcomes any initiative that allows parents to act quickly when a child goes missing or runs away.
Commander Patrick Lavallée


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Effect of pectinmethylesterase and calcium infusion on texture and structure of fruits and vegetables
MetadataShow full item record
Processed fruits and vegetables are susceptible to textural quality changes and excessive softening. The overall objectives were to improve quality and to evaluate analytical methods to quantify the effect of pectinmethylesterase (PME) infusion. Strawberry, mango and eggplants were infused with plant or fungal PME with or without CaCl2, using vacuum. In strawberry, a print technique was developed to visualize PME activity after infusion. Although PME activity in infused fruit was about twice that of control fruit, no significant effects on firmness were found. Firmness of PME infused fruit was about twice that of water infused controls. Pectin, as water soluble pectin (WSP), was about twice that of chelator soluble pectin (CSP) or alkaline soluble pectin (ASP). In strawberry, mango and eggplant, PME activity increased, and % degree of esterification was changed, but did not correlate with the amount of infused PME. A putative inhibitor of PME was identified. WSP and alkaline ASP were the major pectic fractions in strawberry and mango, respectively. In mango, temperature gradient infusion with Valencia orange PME and/or CaCl2 increased gumminess and chewiness, but had no impact on hardness and adhesiveness. In eggplant, the firmness of fruits infused with a commercial fungal or Marsh grapefruit (MGF) PME was significantly increased compared to controls, immediately after treatment and after storage for 7 days at 4 °C. Ion-exchange chromatography revealed that water soluble pectin from fungal and MGF PME and/or CaCl2 infused eggplant had greater charge density than pectin from control eggplant. Cryo-scanning electron microscopy showed that treated samples with fungal PME/CaCl2 had greater cell to cell integrity than water-infused control. JIM5 (antibody to low-esterified pectin) and JIM7 (antibody to high-esterified pectin) labeled cell walls of non-infused control tissues. JIM5 showed more binding than JIM7 with cell walls of eggplant tissues from fungal PME/CaCl2 treatment. From the results of this study, factors that influence effectiveness of PME infusion and textural changes include source of PME, pH, endogenous inhibitors, porosity of commodity, type of vacuum process, cell wall composition of commodity, and variability in raw materials. In addition, choice of PME and process treatments must be optimized for each commodity.


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Henry Hamilton Honoré (February 19, 1824 – August 16, 1916) was an American businessman.
Honoré moved to Chicago, Illinois, from Louisville, Kentucky in 1855 and made his fortune in real estate. Henry Honoré fathered six children with his wife, Eliza J. Carr: Adrian C., Bertha (known as Cissie), Henry, Nathaniel, Ida, and Lockwood.
Honoré's daughter, Bertha, married millionaire real estate developer Potter Palmer in 1871, shortly before the Great Chicago Fire destroyed the Honoré Building at Adams and Dearborn in downtown Chicago.
Another daughter, Ida Marie Honoré, married General Frederick Dent Grant, son of President Ulysses S. Grant, in Chicago in 1874. Through this marriage, Honoré became the grandfather of American writer Julia Dent Cantacuzène Spiransky-Grant, also known as Princess Cantacuzène, who chronicled the Russian Revolution from a first-person perspective.
Honoré was responsible for the assemblage of lots and acreage along Dearborn Street, creating an office and commercial district. Honore St. (1832W) in Chicago is named after him.
Notes and references
- Marquis, Albert Nelson (1911). The Book of Chicagoans, p. 339. Chicago: A.N. Marquis & Company.
|This article about an American businessperson born in the 1820s is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


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Bagworms have hatched in central Illinois, so it will be time to treat for these insects in central Illinois about June 10. This is 2 to 3 weeks earlier than normal. Now is the proper time to treat in southern Illinois, where the bagworms would have hatched a couple of weeks ago.
Bagworm eggs overwinter in the old female's bag, which is close to 2 inches long and covered with dried foliage from the host. Newly hatched bagworms emerge from the old bag and climb upward in the tree. Then they spin out and hang at the bottom of silk threads that are typically 2 to 3 feet long. This swinging pendulum catches in the breeze, the top end breaks from the tree, and the young bagworm goes soaring through the air at the end of its buoyant silk strand. Caught in updrafts, they may float for very long distances—trips of many miles are probably common.
These newly hatched bagworms will continue to hatch and migrate for a couple of weeks. As such, they represent the only major method of dispersal for the species because the adult female is a wingless moth, unable to travel very far. Treatment of attacked trees and shrubs before they have finished migration will be only partially effective because new bagworms blow in daily. Typically, about 2 weeks after egg hatch, the bagworms quit migrating and settle down to feed on the foliage of arborvitae, spruce, pine, eastern red cedar, other junipers, and various deciduous trees and shrubs. Particularly on the needled evergreen hosts, defoliation can result in the death of branches and entire plants.
Spraying with Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (Dipel, Thuricide), cyfluthrin (Tempo), trichlorfon (Dylox), spinosad (Conserve), and other insecticides is effective, particularly while the caterpillars are small. As the caterpillars and their respective bags get longer than 1/2 inch, they become very hard to kill, particularly by insecticides other than those listed above.
Remember that you have a choice. If you spray at egg hatch, you will probably have to spray again to control larvae that migrate into the sprayed trees. If you wait for about 2 weeks after egg hatch, one application should be all that is needed, and little damage will occur during that time.


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| < April >
|Normal Max/ High Temperature
|Min/ Low Temperature
|Average Sunlight per day
|Average Daylight per day
|Sunny (Cloudy) Daylight Hours
|Sun altitude at solar noon on the 21st day.
- The average temperature in Brighton, England in April is a little cool at 9 °C (48.2 °F).
- Afternoons can be quite mild with average high temperatures reaching 12 °C (53.6 °F).
- Overnight temperatures are generally cool with an average low of 6 °C (42.8 °F).
- In April the average diurnal temperature variation/ range is 6 °C (10.8 °F).
- The weather in April is slightly dry. Only 54mm (2.1in) of fluid is dumped.
- The skies in Brighton, England are slightly fair having on balance an unexceptional 5:27 of radiant sunshine daily.
- The shortest day is 12:51 long and the longest day is 14:41 long with an average length of 13:47.
- There are approximately 8:06 per day when bright sunshine is absent due to cloud, haze or the sun being too low on the horizon to register.
- It is sunny approximately 40.2% of daylight hours and cloudy 59.8% of daylight hours.
Check the distance to and compare the Brighton, England April averages with somewhere beginning with:
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | All
Weather Trend Graph for April in Brighton, England, Uk
Navigate to April Weather in Locations Surrounding Brighton, England:
- Birmingham, England, Uk - 216.1 kms (134.3 miles) NNW
- Lyneham, Uk - 150.4 kms (93.5 miles) WNW
- London, England, Uk - 73.4 kms (45.6 miles) N
- Cardiff, Wales, Uk - 237.1 kms (147.3 miles) WNW
- London-Gatwick, Uk - 42.9 kms (26.6 miles) N
- Bournemouth-Hurn, Uk - 119.7 kms (74.4 miles) W
- Jersey, Uk - 231.2 kms (143.7 miles) SW
- Caen, France - 183.4 kms (114 miles) S


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Natural Gas 101 at Colorado State University Designed to Give Students an Overview of Important Colorado Industry
Increased demand for natural gas and greater public interest in gas drilling and production in Colorado has led Colorado State University to offer students a course on the "Fundamentals of Natural Gas" for the first time.
The interdisciplinary course this spring features an introduction to the natural gas industry including geology, exploration, production, transportation and environmental issues. The class exposes students to all aspects of the natural gas industry with a particular focus on unconventional gas extraction as it is being practiced in Colorado.
"Part of the significance of this course is that it's multidisciplinary – we have students from economics and construction management in addition to geology and engineering students," said Sally Sutton, associate professor and geosciences department chair.
"It's exciting to have so many different professors with different backgrounds," said Jessica Olsen, a senior in mechanical engineering who has already accepted a job with Pioneer Natural Resources upon her graduation in May.
About 30 students in a variety of disciplines are enrolled, but 50 routinely show up. Some of the folks sitting in the front row are other faculty members teaching the course. Tom Sale, associate professor of civil and environmental engineering, and Bryan Willson, mechanical engineering professor, for example, have attended Sutton's lectures on the geology of shale.
"I'm having a load of fun in there," said Willson, whose Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory has done more than any group in the world to address impacts of natural gas pipelines and help industry partners reduce environmental effects of natural gas compression as well as improve efficiency. "I've always been focused on the end use and haven't studied the rock formations, and I find that pretty interesting."
Other instructors include Ken Carlson and Tom Sale. Carlson is co-director of the Colorado Energy Water Consortium, a private-public partnership between CSU and the natural gas industry that is focused on addressing water issues related to shale gas extraction and production. Sale is a leader in solutions for petroleum impacted soil and groundwater with current funding from Chevron, Suncor Energy, ExxonMobil, Shell, and the American Petroleum Institute.
In addition, the class will draw on guest instructors such as former Gov. Bill Ritter who is now director of CSU's Center for the New Energy Economy. Officials from industry and the Environmental Protection Agency also have been invited to speak.
The course addresses increased interest in natural gas production in Colorado and around the nation, particularly with the anticipated future development of oil and gas in the nearby Niobrara formation in northeast Colorado.
"I'm taking the class because it really looks like the natural gas industry is going to explode and also to get a better understanding of the energy future," said Shannon McKibben, a senior in chemical and biological engineering.
In a recent class, Sutton discussed with students how geologists identify and uncover natural gas from rock formations. Sutton researches shale, the rock type that serves as both source and host for many of the natural gas deposits being actively developed. Her work focuses on relating chemical, mineralogical and textural characteristics of shales to the ease with which they transmit or accumulate fluids, including natural gas.
"Changes in how natural gas is being produced suggest that we may be able to use much more natural gas as a potential bridge between petroleum and renewables," Sutton said.


text:
Submitted to: American Chemical Society Abstracts
Publication Type: Abstract only
Publication Acceptance Date: 4/20/2014
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: Interpretive Summary:
Technical Abstract: Unambiguous investigation of condensed tannin (CT) structure-activity relationships in biological systems requires the use of highly enriched CT fractions of defined chemical purity. Purification of CTs from Sorghum bicolor, Trifolium repens, Theobroma cacao, Lespedeza cuneata, Lotus pedunculatus, and Lotus corniculatus was accomplished by Sephadex LH-20 chromatography using gradient elution schemes. We found that the degree of CT enrichment and need for further purification by chromatography could be rapidly assessed in minutes by subjecting fractions to 1H-NMR spectroscopy. These assessments were independently corroborated by a more time-consuming, but quantitative thiolysis procedure. Further examination of CT fractions by 1H-13C HSQC NMR spectroscopy provided a more detailed assessment of impurities, some of which (carbohydrateand lipid-derived) avoid detection by UV absorption-based detectors commonly used for CT chromatography. Researchers can now rely on a rapid 1H-NMR analysis to assess the purity of CT fractions, even with low-field (360 MHz) NMR instruments.


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- slide 1 of 2
Review the plot structure in "The Story of an Hour" so you don't sound silly during your next class discussion (of course, the story's so short it would take you the same amount of time to actually read it, but you searched for this and I'm going to give it to you along with a literary analysis of the story because that's what you expect to find in a "Story of an Hour" Study Guide).
It is a short story that observes the unities of time, place, and plot: the action takes place in less than a day in a single location and has no subplots. Other than the news of the train wreck, which happens before the actual narrative begins, brief reflections by Mrs. Mallard on the type of husband Mr. Mallard was, and a few flash forwards on how her life will be, the story is told in chronological order.
Mrs. Mallard has heart troubles (Most study guides would briefly mention that Mrs. Mallard's heart troubles have two meanings: (1) she has a physical defect; (2) she is emotionally torn. My study guide doesn't because I have an entire article on irony and symbolism in "The Story of an Hour" so I'll just briefly mention that double meaning of heart troubles because that's what one should do with a literary analysis).
Mrs. Mallard's sister Josephine, who was told by Richards who was told by telegram down at the newspaper office, delicately tells Mrs. Mallard the news of Mr. Mallard's death. Mrs. Mallard cries, goes to her room, reflects on what a great guy Mr. Mallard was, and rejoices that she is now free from her husband's rule (this is what I meant by the emotional heart troubles thing).
Her sister calls Josephine from her room and they go downstairs to hang out with Richards (if you've actually read the story, you realize what a cornhole Richards is. If you haven't read the story, Richards is a cornhole). The door opens and who enters? Mr. Mallard (who that cornhole Richards said was dead).
Josephine shrieks. Richards tries to shield Mrs. Mallard from the shocking view of her husband. Mrs. Mallard has a heart attack and dies (yes, that's irony). The doctors say she died from a "joy that kills" (that's irony too).
- slide 2 of 2
What is the Theme?
The theme of "The Story of an Hour" is very straightforward.
Marriage is an oppressive institution (in the 19th-century).
The story takes place in the latter part of the 19th-century. Women had very few rights--they could not vote, had few opportunities for employment, and were expected to cook, clean, and look pretty for their husbands. Women had very little recourse if they married an abusive or mean husband. Chopin makes Mr. Mallard a good man and a good husband, highlighting, not the wickedness of men, but the deficiencies in society, which allowed a system of unfairness to exist.
Minor Theme: Life is not as it seems.
The false appearance that Mr. Mallard is dead mirrors the false image that Mrs. Mallard loves being married.*
Summary and Literary Analysis of "The Story of an Hour" by Kate Chopin
This look at commonly taught short stories will help you prepare for class discussion.