Visual C++ Debugging: How to use 'ASSERT' and deal with assertions failures?
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 Oct 2002
 Timisoara, Romania
 Q: What is an assertion?
 A: An assertion statement specifies a condition that you expect to hold true at some particular point in your program. If that condition does not hold true, the assertion fails, execution of your program is interrupted, and the Assertion Failed dialog box appears.
 Q: What kind of asserts does Visual C++ support?
 A: Visual C++ supports assertion statements based on the following constructs:
 - 'MFC assertions' for MFC program
 - 'ATLASSERT for programs that use ATL
 - 'CRT' assertions for programs that use the C run-time library
 - ANSI 'assert()' function for other C/C++ programs
 Q: What good are assertions for?
 A: You can use assertions to:
 - Catch logic errors
 - Check results of an operation
 - Test error conditions that should have been handled
 Q: What is MFC's ASSERT?
 A: A macro definition that allows you to evaluate an expression. If the expression is evaluated to 0, the macro prints a diagnostic message and aborts the program. If the condition is nonzero, it does nothing. The diagnostic message has the form
 assertion failed in file _filename_ in line _linenum_
 where '_filename_' is the name of the source file, and '_linenum_' is the line number of the assertion that failed in the source file. In an MFC ISAPI application, an assertion in debug mode will bring up a modal dialog box; this will interrupt or hang the execution.
 Q: Are there another MFC assertion macros?
 A: Yes, you can also use one of these:
 - 'ASSERT_KINDOF(classname, pobject)' -> This macro asserts that the object pointed to is an object of the specified class, or is an object of a class derived from the specified class.
 ASSERT_KINDOF(CMyDocument, pDocument)
 if identical with
 - 'ASSERT_VALID(pobject)' -> Used to test an assumptions about the validity of an object's internal state. The parameter must be an object of a class derived from 'CObject' that has an overriding version of the 'AssertValid()' member function. 'ASSERT_VALID' validates the pointer, checks against 'NULL', and calls the object's own 'AssertValid()' member functions.
 Q: What about 'ATLASSERT'?
 A: The 'ATLASSERT' macro performs the same functionality as the '_ASSERTE' macro found in the C run-time library.
 Q: What are the CRT assertion macros?
 A: The 'CRTDBG.H' header file defines the '_ASSERT' and '_ASSERTE' macros for assertion checking. The result of these macros are:
 - '_ASSERT: If the specified expression evaluates to FALSE, the file name and line number of the _ASSERT
 - '_ASSERTE': Same as _ASSERT, plus a string representation of the expression that was asserted
 Q: How do I chose between '_ASSERT' and '_ASSERTE'?
 A: '_ASSERTE' is more powerful because it reports the asserted expression that turned out to be 'FALSE'. This may be enough to identify the problem without referring to the source code. However, the Debug version of your application will contain a string constant for each expression asserted using '_ASSERTE'. If you use many '_ASSERTE' macros, these string expressions take up a significant amount of memory. If that proves to be a problem, use '_ASSERT' to save memory.
 Q: And about the ANSI assertion funtion?
 A: 'assert()' evaluates an expression and, when the result is 'false', prints a diagnostic message and aborts the program.
 The ANSI 'assert' macro is typically used to identify logic errors during program development by implementing the expression argument to evaluate to 'false' only when the program is operating incorrectly. After debugging is complete, assertion checking can be turned off without modifying the source file by defining the identifier 'NDEBUG'. 'NDEBUG' can be defined with a '/D' command-line option or with a '_TAG_' directive. If 'NDEBUG' is defined with '_TAG_', the directive must appear before 'Assert.h' is included.
 'assert' prints a diagnostic message when expression evaluates to 'false' (0) and calls abort to terminate program execution. No action is taken if expression is 'true' (nonzero). The diagnostic message includes the failed expression and the name of the source file and line number where the assertion failed.
 Q: Can I see an example of 'assert()'?
 A: Here is a simple example and the output. Consider the file is called 'test.cpp':
 _TAG_
 int main()
 int* array = NULL;
 assert(array!= NULL); // this should fail
 return 0;
 output is:
 Assertion failed: array!= NULL, file test.cpp, line 7
 abnormal program termination
 Q: Do asserts work in release version also?
 A: No, only in debug version. In the release version of MFC, 'ASSERT' does not evaluate the expression and thus will not interrupt the program. If the expression must be evaluated regardless of environment, use the 'VERIFY' macro in place of 'ASSERT'. Because of this, never use a method that changes the state of the program as the expression or part of the expression of 'ASSERT'. In a release build, 'ASSERT' is not included in the code.
 class foo
 int n;
 foo() : n(0) {}
 void getN() const {return n;}
 bool incrementN()
 return true;
 int main()
 foo _foo;
 ASSERT(0 == _foo.getN()); // OK, the state is not altered
 // a call to incrementN() is supposed to follow, which alters the state
 ASSERT(_foo.incrementN()); // WRONG, works only in Debug; in Release incrementN() never gets called
 Q: What should I do when I get a "Debug Assertion Failed!" message?
 A: Run your application in debugger and when you get the message press 'Retry' to debug the application. Look in the 'call stack' window (Alt+7) and go to the first (from top down) function written by you in the stack and identify the line that triggers the assertion failure.
 Q: What are common causes for assertion failures?
 A: Most often it is the usage of an invalid pointer or an attempt to index an array beyond its boundaries.
 Q: How can 'ASSERT' help me with writing better code?
 A: You build your application first as a debug version and only when it is finished you build the release version. 'ASSERT' help you identify the errors in the execution flow. You should always test pointers for validity:
 void Draw(int index)
 CFigure* pFigure = GetFigure(index); // should return a figure from a list
 // if GetFigure returns NULL the next line of code is faulty
 pFigure->Draw ();
 The correct way is:
 void Draw (int index)
 CFigure* pFigure = GetFigure(index);
 ASSERT(pFigure!= NULL); // if pFigure == NULL you get an error message
 if(pFigure == NULL) // this avoids the usage of a NULL pointer
 pFigure->Draw ();
 In this example, I consider 'GetFigure()' a function that should always return a valid figure. The role of 'ASSERT' is to ensure that 'GetFigure()' actually does what it supposed to do and always return a valid pointer. Now if you wander what is the role of
 if(pFigure == NULL) return;
 the answer is to make sure that if the debug build wasn't tested enough and an error could occur in the release, the program wouldn't crash because of the use of a 'NULL' pointer.
 However, if 'GetFigure()' can return a 'NULL' pointer, that pointer should not be asserted against 'NULL'.
 You should also test the index used for accessing elements of arrays:
 // this is a dummy example
 class foo
 int elements[10];
 foo() { /* do some initialization */ };
 int getAt(int index) const
 ASSERT(index>=0 && index<10);
 if(index>=0 && index<10)
 return elements[index];
 return -1; // return a default value
 Last edited by Andreas Masur; July 25th, 2005 at 02:34 AM.
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distance to mother unit
The unit of measuring the distance between the present object (daughter) and its mother object.
This feature is present on objects of types subphrase, phrase_atom, phrase, clause_atom, clause.
||distance measured in words|
||distance measured in phrase_atoms|
||distance measured in clause_atoms|
For explanation of what the mother of an object is, see mother. The mother is always a word, a phrase or a clause and we measure distances between mothers and daughters in words, phrase_atoms and clause_atoms respectively.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


note dave_the_m If there is a process adding new files to the directory while your "tar up" script is running, then you need to face the twin issues of deleting files which haven't been put in the tar file, and putting empty or half-written files into the tarball. If possible, you need to be able to stop the process from adding any new files while the script is running; but if you can't, then the following should be safe. Use the script I gave you above to, for example, move all files starting with 'b' into a b/ subdirectory. Then wait a few minutes, or however long it could reasonably take for the process to finish writing the current file, then from the command line, simply: $ tar -cfz.../some-path/b.tar.gz b/ $ tar -tfz.../some-path/b.tar.gz > /tmp/foo View /tmp/foo in a text editor to see if it looks reasonable, then $ rm -rf b/ If the rm fails due to too many files, then write another perl script similar to the one above, but using 'unlink' to remove each file one by one. Dave. _PHONE_ _PHONE_


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- Universities team up to track Atlantic sturgeon and prevent accidental bycatchPosted 1 day ago
- Nitrate enters groundwater-fed streams decades after field applicationPosted 1 day ago
- GIS mapping tool will help Wisconsin fish farm startups plot their pondsPosted 2 days ago
- Vaisala WXT520: Weather station designed with monitoring systems in mindPosted 2 days ago
- Sensors to help sort out Storm Lake's sediment issues in IowaPosted 3 days ago
- Coal mining and stream insects: Researchers explore the TDS connectionPosted 6 days ago
- NexSens CB-Series coastal buoys offer flexibility in monitoring system designPosted 7 days ago
- Ohio State University's experimental wetland research park seeks scientistsPosted 10 days ago
Image by Joseph Tomelleri
For additional information please visit the Minnesota DNR web site.
Scientific Name: Stizostedion vitreum
Common Names: walleye, pickerel, walleyed pike
Walleye Interesting Facts
- Walleye are a member of the perch family (Percidae).
- The walleye is named for its pearlescent eye, which is caused by a reflective layer of pigment called the tapetum lucidum, that helps them see and feed at night or in murky water.
- Walleye can reach a maximum length of about 36″ and weigh over 20 pounds.
- The Ohio state record walleye weighed over 16 pounds and was caught near Cleveland on Lake Erie.
- Walleye are native to many waters of the upper Midwest, and are stocked for sport fishing around the country.
- Adult walleye diets are composed mostly of other fish.
Walleye Distribution and Identification
Walleye are native to Lake Erie and the Ohio River and are stocked in some of Ohio's inland reservoirs. Walleye usually have silvery or yellowish sides with a black back and white underside. They have sharp spines in their first dorsal fin and have a mouth full of short, blunt teeth. The walleye looks similar to sauger (Stizostedion canadense) and saugeye (a walleye-sauger hybrid), and distinction between the three species can sometimes be difficult. When distinguishing between percid species, there are three main characteristics for which to look. The first characteristic to inspect is the lower tip of the tail. Walleye usually have a distinctive white tip on the lower lobe of their tail. Sauger usually have at most Lakea thin white outline on the bottom of their tail, and saugeye usually have some white on the bottom of their tail, but not as much as walleye. Secondly, the markings on the dorsal (top) fin are usually quite distinctive between the three species. Sauger dorsal fins have characteristic black dots on the fin membrane between the spines, while saugeye have less distinctive blotches and walleye have only faint markings. Finally, coloration can sometimes be used to distinguish between the species. Sauger and saugeye will usually have very distinct black blotches or "saddles" on their side and back, while walleye usually have less distinct black bars. Below is a listing of distinguishing characteristics:
- Walleye: Distinct white tip on lower lobe of tail, faint marking on dorsal fin membrane (or none at all) between dorsal spines with one large black blotch at the back of the first dorsal fin (see picture above), and an absence of distinct black blotches on the side of their body.
- Sauger: Little or no white on the tail, distinct black dots on the dorsal fin membrane, distinct black blotches and saddles on the side and back of the body.
- Saugeye: Some white pigment on the lower portion of the tail, dark blotchy markings on the dorsal fin membrane, distinct black blotches on the sides and back of the body.
Walleye prefer clear lakes and rivers in the upper Midwest and Canada that contain good habitat (gravel reefs, vegetation beds, and open water) and abundant prey such as yellow perch, shiners, or shad. In Ohio, Lake Erie's western and central basins provide a perfect balance of habitat and prey. Lake Erie has become known as the walleye capital of the world, and may hold more trophy fish than any other body of water. A multi-agency task group has been created by state agencies surrounding Lake Erie to monitor and protect the Lake Erie walleye population. Each year, a population estimate is calculated to determine catch quotas for the lake. The Lake Erie walleye stock reached its highest density in 1988 with an estimated 80 to 100 million adult walleye. In recent years, the estimate has leveled off at around 40 million adult walleye (Lake Erie Walleye Task Group Report, March 2001). The vast expanses of open water, rocky reefs for spawning, and dense forage populations are tailored to the walleye's preferences. Walleye are also present in the Ohio River, but dams and channelization have degraded what once was desirable habitat.
A recent threat to walleye populations is genetic contamination from stocking of hybrid saugeye or non-native walleye strains. Saugeye are fertile, and backcrossing with parental walleye could lead to dilution of genetic strains. Saugeye are stocked around the Midwest because of their popularity with anglers. Saugeye tend to grow and survive better in turbid reservoir environments and are usually easier to catch than walleye. Unfortunately, the saugeye don't always stay where they are stocked, and migrating saugeye sometimes encounter native walleye populations in connected waters. Walleye will occasionally hybridize with sauger if the two species occur in the same water bodies, but stocking of saugeye leads to much higher rates of hybridization. A combination of degraded habitats and increased stocking of hybrids poses a serious threat to naturally sustained walleye populations.
Walleye are a popular sport fish, and self-sustaining populations in natural water bodies of the Midwest should be protected to insure the resource will be available for future generations. Protecting key habitats, limiting unnecessary stocking of non-native strains, and implementing sound harvest regulations have led to improved walleye fishing throughout the Midwest. Fishing for finicky walleye has "hooked" many anglers, and the desire of these dedicated anglers to practice selective catch-and-release will only improve the future of the sport.
For more information about walleye, see these interesting pages:
- Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, walleye information page.
- Ohio Division of Wildlife, walleye information page.
- Lake Erie Walleye Online.
- Walleye Central.
- Walleye Hunter.
Walleye Article By: Travis Hartman, Fondriest Environmental, November 2001
All websites referenced have direct hyperlinks to the original source.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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A major characteristic of Chinese instrumental variations is the use of identification motives called the hetou (refrain head) or hewei (refrain tail) that appear in the beginning and end of each movement. Again, except for these refrain motives, there might be no other relationship between the variations and the refrains or among the variations themselves. Sometimes, a movement appears several times among the other movements in a suite; this is considered a variation technique. Due to Western influence, ABA form has become extremely popular in modern instrumental folk music.
Therefore, the solution is to change the guidelines.


The word "amen" appears to be of pagan origin. But it is used quite often in the Bible. Can you explain this?
If we base our use of the word on the Hebrew meaning, then it is not a sin to use it. However, if we attribute life and power to some pagan god as we use it, then we are using it improperly and not in the same manner as did the writers of the Bible. As the Apostle Paul stated, in Romans 14:23, "…whatsoever is not of faith is sin."


text:
Driven by our shared dream to see Sarawak take on its role as a nation-transformer, we at R.O.S.E. believe that the key is to create awareness among and empower rural communities in Sarawak. To this end, we have chosen to focus our resources on several initiatives, including:
- Building awareness and empowering Sarawakian voters about their rights as electorate in a democratic nation.
- Voter Registration Drives in and around Kuching
- Civic Education Training for youths and rural communities e.g. Projek Rumah Baru which includes modules on good governance and decision-making
- Rural community transformation
- Financial literacy training
- Collaborating with other NGOs involved directly with rural community empowerment and transformation
- Championing Free and Fair Elections
- Polling and Counting Agents (PACA) Training
- Collaborating with other NGOs and creating awareness of the Election Comission's Electoral Delineation proposals
If Not Now, When?
If Not Us, Who?


text:
When you go to select a filter, you'll now see a new wrench icon. Tap it and you'll find a tray of photo editing tools ready for you to explore. You can also now adjust how much of a filter you apply to a photo by double tapping the filter icon.There's also a new adjustment tool for cropping and straightening photos at the same time, as well as a vignetting tool for darkening the edges of a photo. Sharpen is designed to make photos clearer, while each filter will now be adjustable by strength to produce a range of new looks for pictures.
Here's a full rundown of the new tools:
- Adjust: Crops and straightens at the same time.
- Brightness: Lightens or darkens a photo.
- Contrast: Brightens light areas, darkens dark areas further.
- Highlights: Lightens or darkens the lighter areas of the image.
- Shadows: Lightens or darkens the darker areas of the image.
- Sharpen: Subtly enhances the crispness of an image to make it clearer.
- Saturation: Increases the color intensity of an image.
- Warmth: A slider that allows for adjustments towards warm orange tones or cool blue tones.
- Vignette: Darkens the edges of a photo to highlight the center of the image.
- Filter Strength: Sliders that adjust how strong each filter will appear (includes Borders).
According to Instagram co-founder Kevin Systrom, who spoke to Re/code, the goal isn't to complicate Instagram, but to improve image editing tools without removing focus from the main product.
"We are aiming to make the core better, creating more of an ecosystem," he said "Everyone can build a photo app, but not everyone can build a community."Instagram's new tools, particularly the ability that allows images to be adjusted by filter strength, will allow for a whole new photo editing experience for users. The update is available immediately from the App Store.
Instagram can be downloaded from the App Store for free. [Direct Link]


text:
The Homeless No More Grant (HUMI)
Program Description: HUMI provides homeless prevention and move-in assistance program. The Homeless No More Grant provides one-time financial assistance to families who are facing eviction, or are already homeless. Whenever possible, this program seeks to intervene before a family falls into the cycle of homelessness.
Need in Gainesville:
1. This The number of school-aged children identified as homeless has more than doubled in the last five years (from 525 now at 1,021 children without a home in our school system).
2. Gainesville was just identified as the Florida city most affected by poverty.
3. Gainesville has the highest rent-cost burden rates of any metro in the state of Florida, according to Harvard University's Joint Center for Housing Studies (JCHS.)
We're going to do something about this.
Family Promise was awarded $20,000 that we're looking to have matched by businesses and grantors who care about reducing homelessness.
The goal of the program is to help families adjust their budget to make room for saving and work with landlords to reduce rent to a rate that is more affordable for the family's income. Through case management and financial assistance a plan is devised that will help families remain housed through the entirety of their lease and determine ways to either increase income or keep rent at an affordable rate.
The following will be used to determine eligibility for the program:
1. Must have a 3 day notice and/or are currently homeless
2. Have a proven financial hardship
3. Have been employed for at least 6 months
4. Rent is more than 30% of Income (rental assistance only)
5. Must have a child under the age of 18 in the home
6. Must have a reference
Role of Client:
1. Work on and follow living budget.
a. Provide monthly bank statements
2. Work on ways to increase income.
a. Education and Certifications
3. Work with landlord to improve communication and maintain housing.
Funded by Gainesville, FL (October 2019)


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Attitudes to Open Source Software in Bergen Kommune
MetadataShow full item record
This work describes key elements of Open Source Software, computer history and the attitudes found in the municipal of Bergen to Open Source Software. It tries to describe the use of the software, which attitudes that can be found and what creates them. It then concludes the research and takes a look on further possible research.


' =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= | Renegade Legion's Masterkeying File | =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= Written By: The Gypsy From: Eastern Renegade Legion [Originally Written: Summer 1988] NOTE: During February and March of 1991, I re-verified the information in this file of mine. It still works quite fine; I followed the steps that I wrote years ago and came up with the same results - a working Master key! Have fun! This file will instruct you on how to build a master key for the type of locks that are found in many school systems. These locks are locks that are generally rented to the students for the school year. It is a combination lock on the front, and each has a different combination that is given to the student with the lock. On the back of these locks is a small keyhole. This keyhole can be easily mastered. Also on the back of these locks is a number that has been imprinted on by Masterlock, Inc. at the factory. The types I have encountered and mastered are #53 and #69, both of which are popular in my school area. The first step involved is to get one of these locks. The best way to get one is to wait until you see one left unlocked. Then just take it and leave. This is the best way because they just think, "Damn... I left my lock unlocked and someone stole it"... If you go around breaking them off, then the school is wondering what is going on, even before you begin to master! Once you have one, you must next remove the back cover. This can be done in one of the following ways: 1. Place a screwdriver (flathead) into the place where the keyhole on the back is. Not in the actual hole where the key is inserted, but on the side, between the keyhole piece and the back cover. Then simply jam upward on the screwdriver or hit it firmly with a hammer (sledge if available!) 2. Use a wheel-grinder to grind off the edge on the back of the lock all the way around. Then, simply pull off the back cover with a pair of pliers. Note: the metal housing of the lock is very firm, and when using the grinder on it, it will become red-hot and begin to glow before it is filed off. 3. Bang the lock around on the ground and stomp on it till it breaks open! I used the 2nd method. After the back cover is removed, you then find a thicker second plate. If you used method #2 then you can simply use the grinder to grind off the small piece of metal in the middle of that plate, which holds it on. (On some versions of the lock, there may be other pieces of metal from the main housing holding on that plate, just grind them all off)... Once ground off, you must then only use a screwdriver and pry the second plate off. If you didn't use the grinder then this is still possible, but will be a lot harder to remove. If, when you finally get it open, pieces of the lock fly all over, don't worry... Unless you were planning to put the lock back together, (yeah, right!) you do not need those parts anymore. The part you DO need (a lot!) is a small silver-colored piece that contains the brass key-hole section inside. Just get this part... It's really all you need. You should also note the version number of the lock which is on the back plate (which you've already taken off)... you will need this number so you know what type of lock the master key goes to. Now... the trickiest and actually the hardest part of this project is getting the little fucking brass piece out of its silver lining. The silver part is hard to break apart, and hitting it or prying it can cause it to be dropped. The brass piece contains pins that will fall out very easily. The best way I have found to remove the brass portion without the risk of dropping it or losing the pins is to melt off the silver-like portion. The complete piece looks something like this: ___ / K \ K represents the keyhole | K | \_K_/ | /___ Piece Mentioned | \ Below... The side opposite of the portion which sticks out the bottom is the part which should be melted. Use a blow-torch to melt the portion away. It will melt at a temperature slightly above normal solder with a soldering iron. Once you have melted the portion away enough so that you could pull out the brass piece, let it cool. After it has cooled, pick up both pieces together (do not remove the brass from the silver yet!). Turn both pieces over (keeping the brass piece in the silver!!) so that the "piece mentioned below" is pointing upwards. You will then have the brass portion in one hand below the silver portion in your other hand... Carefully remove the silver portion, making sure no pins fall out of the brass piece. The silver piece can then be discarded. Place a piece of clear tape around the brass piece to hold the four pins inside. Now comes the key forming process. Go to your local K-Mart or Wal-Mart and steal a couple of key blanks. (Unless, of course, you are a COMPLETELY honest person, just reading this file for entertainment... If you are then you may pay for the keys if you like.) The key that works the best is model CO-10 made by CURTIS. You may or may not later need to file a tiny amount off the END or SIDES of that key. Anyways, it is the best key I have come across that fits. Now use some form of a file (I suggest using a grinding-wheel again) and file off about 2-3mm (Yes, millimeters) from the bottom of the key. Remove the tape from your brass piece (be sure the pins are up, so they do not fall out!!). Insert the key into the brass piece key-hole. Push it in until it sticks out the other end about 1/2 to 1 mm (or just... "not very far"). Starting at the far end of the key (the fourth pin) look and see how much of the pin is sticking out of the brass piece. Remember approx. that distance and remove the key. Take your file and file down on the key a dip in the place where that pin (4) would line up on the key. Do NOT file down too far. Every-so-often re-insert the key to see how far the pin is getting closer to even with the brass piece. When the pin sticks out none and is also NOT inside the brass piece at all (i.e. FLUSH), then move on to the next pin doing the same thing. If you file down too far then the key is worthless and must be re-done. After all four pins have been completed, they should be perfectly even with the brass piece when the key is in place. Be sure to re-tape the pins inside the brass piece. Finally your key is complete, try it out on another lock (with the same version number on the back-plate)... You may need to move the key around a little inside of the key-hole to make it work. If it does work then turn the key back and forth inside the key-hole about 10-20 times to 'break-in' the key to work better. If it doesn't work then try the key in your brass portion again. If they are incorrect then try again. Don't worry, with a little practice, you'll be able to file out a key in under 5 minutes with no problem! Well, that's it! My school also had "normal" master locks that they used for other things (Stadium fence, power boxes, etc.) that I also mastered. It's done in just about the same way, so you can experiment. Just a warning... be sure NO ONE sees you using or just having the keys. Also, be sure not to sell them to anyone unless you're sure they're not gonna give them to everybody else. I say this because I was suspended from school for 14 days because the kid that I worked on the keys with, sold one to another kid. So once people found out he was selling them, others wanted one. He then had to tell people "no" (so that not everyone in the fuckin' school would have one!). One of these persons decided to be an asshole and narced on us. That, of course, is what got me suspended. The main reason that they came down hard on us is because selling the keys increased the crime many times over. If we had just kept the things to ourselves (what _I_ wanted to do) then they probably would have just said 'ok... we'll let you off this time if you agree not to make any more'... Yeah, right... There also is a way to determine the combination of a lock after taking it off and using the master key. This will be explained in the next file. That's it for now... If you need help, or are successful, or just want to chat about anything - contact me at the Internet Email address below. - The Gypsy -=[_EMAIL_]=-


text:
Photos: Rare Deep-Sea Angler Fish
National Geographic recently posted photographs of the Chaunacops coloratus, a rare and colorful deep-sea angler, which wasn't discovered alive until 2002 when one was spotted near a seamount off the coast of California. A more recent expedition in 2010 turned up six more of the strange-looking fish.
The fish, which is bright red as an adult, seems to change colors during its lifetime with the adolescents being blue and purple colors. Although it's a strong swimmer, the angler also uses its fins to "walk" along the seafloor for shorter distances.
The angler feeds by using its esca, a dangling piece of flesh, as a lure to fixate curious passers-by, which it then ambushes and eats. Scientists suspect that the angler is also luminescent, although this has not been documented yet.
Take a look at the photographs.


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TAKE ACTION to demand a strong supermarket watchdog
12th October, 2011
Evidence of UK supermarkets' exploitation of overseas workers, including garment workers, flower workers and tea pickers has been uncovered over many years.
Supermarkets have used their buyer power to squeeze suppliers and drive down pay and working conditions around the world. This means the people that make the clothes and grow the food sold in UK supermarkets are often poorly paid, overworked, work in unsafe conditions and are discouraged from joining trade unions.
Following the failure of a 10 year old voluntary code, the Competition Commission recommended that the government should create an independent watchdog (now called the Groceries Code Adjudicator) to redress the balance of power and ensure that supermarkets stop bullying their suppliers. The watchdog will oversee and enforce the Code of Practice that governs the relationship between supermarkets and their suppliers, in order to stop unfair practices.
In the run-up to the 2010 general election, all the major political parties committed to creating a watchdog - testament to sustained campaigning by a broad coalition led by War on Want and others in the Tescopoly alliance. However, since the election the coalition government has dragged its feet as big supermarkets relentlessly lobbied them to prevent a watchdog being set up.
The government has published a draft Bill which lays out the powers this watchdog (called the Groceries Code Adjudicator) will have. The fight is now on to make sure the watchdog can really deal with the huge problems in the supermarkets' supply chains.
It is vital that we keep up the pressure on the government to create a watchdog with real teeth, as supermarkets will continue to lobby MPs and ministers to make it as weak and ineffective as possible.
Write to your MP now via War on Want's supermarket watchdog campaign. Remind them just how important a strong, independent and proactive watchdog is to suppliers in the UK and overseas. Demand the government introduces a supermarket watchdog with teeth.
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Containment Methods for Odor Control Systems in Wastewater Plants
Containment and processing of odors, as well as emissions of VOCs (volatile organic compounds) and HAPs (hazardous air pollutants), whether regulatory-driven or good neighbor-/community-driven, are forcing municipal and industrial wastewater facilities to evaluate and re-formulate their processes so they can achieve the mandated or desired atmospheric emission levels. Obviously the choice of any specific method of containment will have a significant effect on the cost, performance and success of the odor control system installed.
The 1990 Clean Air Act specifies and lists the HAPs and VOCs and requires the USEPA to set maximum allowable emission standards for all major sources of emissions. To date, the most prominent regulations have been CFR 40 part 61 NESHAP (National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants), with standards for specific industries and applications being continually issued and modified.
Compliance with the new regulations will affect the economics of wastewater treatment facilities in a substantial way. The impact will be in the form of
- Costly upgrades and installation of major equipment.
- Training, monitoring and compliance with new regulations.
- Process changes to achieve reduction, containment and processing of the offending components.
- Significant increases in operational costs.
The types of covers over process units and the method of containment selected can have the most significant impact on these costs and will affect
- Air volumes, which will in turn influence process equipment capacity, type of media, and electric power consumption.
- Whether spaces and areas will be subject to safety-related regulations, such as confined space rules and their effect on costs and operations.
- Process access and equipment maintenance, which will further influence operational costs.
Containment and downstream processing of the offending elements would appear to be the corrective path of choice. Not only is the technology to accomplish this available, in many cases it would allow for capacity increases in existing plants. Facilities that have been forced to lower throughputs and slow down aeration and other process rates to avoid or reduce undesirable emissions, potentially can reverse these actions through appropriate containment and process technology.
Various regulations affect the need, method and other aspects of containment of hazardous emissions from wastewater facilities. The Clean Air Act defines areas and processes that require containment measures; OSHA deals with safety-related issues of contained and covered areas. NFPA 820 deals with fire protection, explosion potential, and ventilation of covered and non-covered areas. These regulations must be incorporated into projects that consider containment alternatives.
Setting the goals for a wastewater emissions containment project must take into account the myriad of regulations that exist. They must be evaluated and balanced in a total sense, so that compliance with all, and not just some, is achieved. The relationships among economics, efficiency and successful plant operation also have to be weighed into the final solution.
While the containment system chosen may represent only a fraction of total project cost, the method of containment and the covers specified will significantly influence other components or factors. A successful design project will attain the following goals:
- Containment: Offending areas must be totally contained efficiently.
- Air Handling: Maximize the efficiency of the air handling systems through the reduction of the total volume to be handled.
- Contain air as close as possible to the water level.
- Reduce ventilation rate by eliminating requirements associated with routine entry into process spaces.
- Install a system free of cracks, gaps, and other unnecessary openings that will limit its ability to maintain a slightly negative internal pressure.
- Worker Safety: Eliminate dangerous working conditions such as unsafe platforms and confined spaces.
- Accessibility: Ensure that covered areas are easily accessible for monitoring the treatment process. Provide easy access to equipment for preventive maintenance and repair tasks.
- Plant Operations: Make provision for minimum interruption of plant operations by any cover-related activity. Eliminate permitting and training needs, access restrictions, unsafe platforms, or special equipment/personnel requirements to facilitate cover removal.
Factors Affecting the Selectionof a Containment System
Controlled ventilation and air flow rates are absolutely essential in a properly functioning emission and odor control system.
Large volumes of low pressure, constantly flowing air are required in wastewater treatment plants. Once volume and pressure requirements have been determined, the handling equipment can be selected after the air volumes, leakage rates and air exchange rates are established. Most emission sources in wastewater systems are treated by means of an actively ventilated system using a fan or blower to induce air movement over the process area, conveying the air either to other parts of the plant or through a process unit. This requires a constant low negative pressure. Typically, air is replaced so that flow rates and pressure can be regulated.
The source and method of air replacement is extremely important. Ideally, air is to be replaced through controlled ventilation points and vacuum relief openings. An effective active ventilation system must take into account the negative air pressure requirements of the emission source as well as the desired maximum VOC concentration within the system. Insufficient negative pressure may allow fugitive emissions to escape to atmosphere, as well as improper air exchanges that could lead to fire or explosion hazards. Improper air exchanges and dead air pockets will cause severe corrosion problems, particularly in the case of concrete. Dead air spaces cannot be allowed to occur or large chunks of concrete will be eroded away by high concentrations of sulfuric acid formed by hydrogen sulfide gas. Too high a negative pressure will cause excessive air flow and increases the cost of treating the emissions. Proper control of the air flow's volume and velocity are imperatives if the system is to run successfully.
Ideally, airflow should be maintained at the point where the maximum safe concentration of VOCs is delivered to a control device, and at the minimum negative pressure to produce an in-draft condition at all wastewater flow rates. Normally, either VOC concentration or the negative pressure requirements will dictate the design flow. If the air flow rate is set by the negative pressure, then sealing gaps and cracks is essential. If VOCs determine the air flow rate, then the system must be regulated to ensure that adequate air is drawn into the contained space to dilute the VOC concentrations. In any event, it is imperative that the system's air flow and tightness be regulated and controlled.
The size of the air handling equipment in wastewater applications can be reduced in the following ways:
- Reduce the leakage rate of the system.
- Reduce the air volume by designing a system that requires the least volume of air and area to be treated.
- Change the system configuration to reduce the number of air exchanges mandated by regulation.
NFPA 820 and OSHA 1910.146 concern themselves with the rate of air exchanges within these contained and covered areas, for the sake of air quality and breathing and asphyxiation considerations, as well as concentrations of explosive gases. Areas that require entry for routine equipment and process monitoring not only, by design, have a larger volumetric space, but require air to be exchanged a minimum of 12 to 16 times per hour. At the same time, areas not requiring entry will need four to six air exchanges per hour. As a rule, covered areas where entry is neither allowed nor needed will require air to be exchanged at a rate that is 50 to 75 percent lower than areas that must be entered for process control and maintenance activities.
Large volumes of air will result in additional one-time costs for larger air handling equipment (fans, blowers, scrubbers, ducts, etc.) along with heavier in-plant power transmission and switchgear requirements. Operational costs will be the greatest cost factor. The larger volumes of air will affect maintenance costs, as well as disposable air filtration products such as carbon and scrubber media. Since wastewater treatment facilities typically operate continuously around the clock and on a year-round basis, even the most modest gains in air moving efficiency can have significant financial benefits. A design combining lower volumes, a minimum number of air exchanges, a high degree of containment, and minimal air leakage clearly approaches the conditions required for the ideal cover and containment system.
Safety concerns should be carefully addressed. Covers, particularly flat covers, should be sturdy and not require railings or other accessories which might restrict access. Designers should provide access in the form of hatches, vents and ports. Flat covers should be lightweight and not exceed 150 lb per unit, within the 75 lb maximum lift for a single person as allowable under OSHA regulations, while not requiring special lifting equipment. Forward looking designers should limit cover weight to 100 lb per unit in anticipation of newly-contemplated OSHA workplace regulations limiting maximum allowable lifting weight to be 50 lb per worker. These requirements for strong lightweight clear-span covers should favor marine grade corrosion resistant aluminum as the material of construction.
Containment systems incorporating raised structures should be evaluated to determine if they might be defined as confined spaces. Once a space has been designated as confined, considerations other than air handling must be taken into account. One-time equipment costs in the form of, for instance, safety suits, portable air breathing apparatus, lights, alarms, gas and air quality monitoring equipment, and premiums paid for explosion-proof motors and junction boxes should be be factored into the initial purchase price. The added operational costs associated with confined spaces will far exceed any differential in initial equipment costs. Permitting and record keeping tasks, training and safety drills, and hole watch requirements are but three of the mandated functions that are bound to influence costs significantly. The requirement that an attendant be present outside each time an entry is made into the confined space is the costliest requirement of all. The advantages of dealing with a covered area that is not designated a confined space can amount to substantial operational savings that may dwarf the initial equipment cost.
Operation & Maintenance
While raised spaces, particularly domes, offer convenient access to some equipment, particularly center drives on basins with rotating arms of some type, they do have drawbacks. Scum wells, collection boxes and weirs may not be


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Lesson 7 - UNIT 1 - Quiz #1
1. Define homeostasis and provide 2 feedback mechanisms in essay or flow chart format.
2. Write an essay explaining the importance of knowledge of standard, normal values
physiological parameter measured, and the importance of use of standard, controlled
conditions for measurement.
3. Write a brief statement of basic function for each of the body's organ systems,
organs within the system, or recognize the functions through multiple choice
4. Construct the levels of organization chart with examples provided at each level.
5. Define positive feedback and give 2 examples from the human body.


text: Making the ordinary unknown. Isaac Chen's design is based on elemental relationships – gravity, mass and shape. Drawing on the familiar, he transcends the ordinary for our interactions with objects and the space they occupy. In his magazine hanger Riddle for Swedese, Isaac Chen illustrates gravity. Magazines are hung on their own weight via string and stoppers just like inserting bookmarks. The idea is to create awareness and to deepen our understanding of what we already know.


Size: 24cm./9.4inch.
Weight: 450gr./15.8oz.
Porcelain KVP plate from 1955.
The Kasernierte Volkspolizei (German for Barracked People's Police) was the precursor to the National People's Army (NVA) in East Germany. Their original headquarters was in Adlershof locality in Berlin, and from 1954 in Strausberg in modern-day Brandenburg. They ceased to exist after 1956, having been transformed into the NVA.
In October 1948 the Soviet Military Administration in Germany formed the Alert Police (Bereitschaftspolizei), a force of armed units housed in barracks and trained in military fashion. The force consisted of forty units with 100–250 men each, the units being subordinated to provincial authorities. Many of the officers and men were recruited from among German POWs held in the Soviet Union.
Tableware DDR KVP 1955
SKU: TD002
€ 20,00Price
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The EFPR Group of Companies
Donor-Advised Funds: Save on Taxes and Make a Difference
For individuals who seek to save on their taxes while still being charitable and making a difference in their communities, donor-advised funds (DAFs) are a strong possibility to consider.
Understanding donor-advised funds
Simply put, a DAF is a charitable investment account. DAF accounts can be funded with liquid and/or illiquid assets such as cash, publicly traded securities, patents/royalties, C-corp stock or even artwork and life insurance policies. Once made, the donor contribution is irrevocable. In other words, the donor is no longer the legal title holder of the assets transferred into the account.
 - What are some notable advantages of donor-advised funds?
 - The donor receives an immediate charitable contribution deduction for the fair market value of the assets transferred into the account, the deductibility of which depends on the nature of the assets transferred and the taxpayer's specific tax situation.
 - The donor can grow their account by making additional contributions, and they can choose from a variety of investment options, including alternative investments, to grow their donation tax-free.
 - When a DAF is funded with appreciated illiquid assets, such as stock market securities, the account administrator is responsible for cashing out enough of the assets to fund the donor's charitable giving directives. Since the donor is no longer the legal title holder of the assets, the gain on the sale of the assets is not taxable to the taxpayer, allowing the charitable giving to go farther.
 - The donor retains the ability to recommend donations to IRS-approved 501(c)(3) organizations. They also control the frequency and the amounts of the charitable disbursements.
 - The account administrator is responsible for mailing checks to charities, keeping track of charitable giving, account values and earnings, and compiling annual donation reports. This eases the administrative burden on the donor.
 - Unlike private foundations, DAFs do not have reporting/compliance requirements at the account level and do not pay excise taxes on their investment income. Again, this eases the administrative burden.
 - Donors have the ability to create a legacy and extend their philanthropy beyond their lifetime by naming successors and beneficiaries to their account.
 - DAFs typically incur administrative/management fees in the vicinity of one percent of the fair market value of the assets held in the account.
To summarize, if you're looking to apply your assets toward charitable causes you hold dear, and do so in ways that are advantageous from a tax standpoint, DAFs are a tactic you should consider.
Do you have questions about donor-advised funds, or other tax strategies? Contact us today!
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Time-dependent distance between two body coordinate systems
Constraints & Drivers
The Distance Driver block drives the distance between the origins of two Body coordinate system (CS) as a function of time that you specify. This function must always remain nonnegative during the simulation.
Let r1, r2 be the vector positions of the origins of CS1 on one Body and CS2 on the other Body, respectively. These vectors can be measured in any CS. The Distance Driver specifies the scalar distance d = |r1 - r2| between these points as a function of time:
You connect the Distance Driver to a Driver Actuator block.
The Simulink® input signal into the Driver Actuator specifies the time-dependent driving function f(t) and its first two derivatives, as well as their units. If you do not actuate Distance Driver, this block acts as a time-independent constraint that freezes the distance between the two Body CSs at its initial value d(t=0) during the simulation.
Caution The block computes the initial distance d(t=0) between the coordinate systems when the machine is in its home configuration, the original configuration of the machine's bodies before the simulation imposes initial conditions and implements joint assembly.
Drivers restrict relative degrees of freedom (DoFs) between a pair of bodies as specified functions of time. Locally in a machine, they replace a Joint as the expression of the DoFs. Globally, Driver blocks must occur topologically in closed loops. Like Bodies connected to a Joint, the two Bodies connected to a Drivers are ordered as base and follower, fixing the direction of relative motion.
You can also connect a Constraint & Driver Sensor to any Driver and measure the reaction forces/torques between the driven bodies.
The dialog has one active area, Connection parameters.
The base (B)-follower (F) Body sequence determines the sense of positive motion. Positive translation is the follower moving in the direction of the translation axis.
When you connect the base (B) connector port on the Distance Driver block to a Body CS Port on a Body, this parameter is automatically reset to the name of this Body CS. See the following figure, Distance Driver Base and Follower Body Connector Ports.
When you connect the follower (F) connector port on the Distance Driver block to a Body CS Port on a Body, this parameter is automatically reset to the name of this Body CS. See the following figure, Distance Driver Base and Follower Body Connector Ports.
Using this spinner menu, you can set the number of extra connector
ports needed for connecting Driver Actuator and Constraint & Driver
Sensor blocks to this Driver. The default is
To activate the Driver, connect a Driver Actuator.
Distance Driver Base and Follower Body Connector Ports


31 March, 2009
EurekaLog's anti-freeze feature
As you know, EurekaLog is a great tool to catch exceptions in your application. Though there are some cases which you want to consider as "bugs", but there is no exception to catch it!
For example, consider your application is deadlocking. How about endless cycle which loads CPU core up to 100%? What about do not updating your UI for 10 minutes? Are those issues bugs or not?
Yes, all these cases are bugs in your application (*). But no exception is raised in such cases - your application simply stops working. Those cases can be very nasty and hard to diagnose, because your application doesn't show any error message and doesn't generate any log files.
So, how can you catch them?
Okay, if you look in the EurekaLog's project option - you can see something called "Anti-Freeze Options" on the "Advanced Options" tab:
"Advanced Options" tab in EurekaLog's options.
You can read the EL's documentation to find out that if you enable this option then EurekaLog will detect when your application became frozen. What does it mean exactly and how does it work? Some of you can say: "Whoa, that one is cool! Let's use it!", enable the option and then face the strange behavior. You should understand what are you doing before enabling it.
There is no clear definition what does "hung application" mean. Usually the "hung application" is either deadlocking or busy with some heavy processing/computations. However from the user's point of view, your application has stopped working - therefore it is a bug.
To detect such cases you can periodically check if your application is still responding.
Okay, back to EurekaLog. The EurekaLog uses the common technique by using the WM_NULL message. The WM_NULL is a special message that performs no operation. The application should process this message by simple ignoring it. You can use it in many situations. And you can use it to detect hung application too.
What does it mean that application is hung? Deadlock, endless cycle, not updating the UI have one thing in common: they do not process the window messages. In all those cases application is busy with some work and it doesn't call Peek/GetMessage. Therefore, you can send a WM_NULL message to application to see if it'll respond to it in specified time. If you don't get a reply within, say, 30 seconds interval - then the application is probably hung. Notice that "probably" word. Application may really perform some actual work (accessing network or perform complex computations, etc) and it'll come back to life later. Yes, technically this is not an error. But the end-user doesn't care about this stuff. His application has stopped responding - therefore it is a bug.
EurekaLog launches a helper thread (TFreezeThread) at application start up. This thread will constantly asks your main thread with the WM_NULL messages. If you are unable to answer in the specified amount of time then this helper thread starts consider you as "hung" and raises an EFrozenApplication exception. Since this is an exception - the exception can be handled by standard EurekaLog's hooking code. The EurekaLog will generate a full bug-report and send it to you. By default the application will not be terminated after processing the exception. Therefore the exception will be raised a few more times and then the "Restart application" check-box will appear in the exception dialog:
If you don't like this standard behavior - you can easily change it. For example, I personally prefer adding a new exception filter (there is a "Exceptions Filters" tab in the EL's project options) on EFrozenApplication class and changing it's action to "Restart" or "Terminate".
It is important to note that the exception itself is raised from the main thread (and not the helper thread) - therefore a call stack for the exception will contain the proper place where main thread was hung. And by analyzing this call stack, you can detect the source of the problem. Well, raising the exception in the another thread is certainly a dirty trick, involving direct manipulations with thread's context than in rare cases can lead to memory leaks (**) - therefore it can not be used in regular situations. But it is okay in such emergency case - it is better to have bug-report on hung application with (little possible) mem-leak than do not have bug-report at all.
BTW, there is run-time control too! So, if you want to do some heavy lifting in your Button3Click, you can disable anto-freeze checking before and restore it after. To do so, you can play with the CurrentEurekaLogOptions.FreezeActivate property. Setting it to False will abort monitoring helper thread and setting it to True will create a new monitor thread:
procedure TForm1.Button3Click(Sender: TObject);
 CurrentEurekaLogOptions.FreezeActivate := False;
 // <- here goes your actual code
 CurrentEurekaLogOptions.FreezeActivate := True;
Okay, what does it all means to us, if you'll enable this option?
First: your application will receive WM_NULLs (which is 0) periodically. That is how EurekaLog checks if you are alive or not. This should not care you, since you are not supposed to do any processing of WM_NULL message.
Second: you should design your application very carefully. If you write some "bad" code in your Button1Click (and by "bad" I mean code that performs long-time operation) - your application may encounter a "bug". If you have some code that can potentially takes a long time to complete (connection to DB, for example) - now it is a good time to unload such code in the helper thread (and do not forget to abort or kill it after some period of time if it doesn't complete his job).
Third: do not make check-timeout too short. Or you'll be flooded with false bug-reports - only for the reason that Button2Click takes a whopping two seconds to complete instead of half a second on your developer machine. A minute or two is usually a good estimate.
Fourth: the anti-freeze feature starts working only after your main form is created. The start up of more or less complex application usually takes a little time due which the application does not respond to the messages. It is normal behavior and therefore EL wait for application to start up.
Fifth: nothing is free and there is a certain overhead for using this feature. Specifically: a) there is a one more thread in your application and b) it is constantly pumping your message queue with WM_NULL messages. "Constantly" means few times per second here (of course EL do not want to eat 100% of your CPU just to check your activity :) ). From CPU point of view - the helper thread is napping almost always. Therefore those overheads are very low and I don't know why anyone should care about it - but I've mention it just in case.
Sixth: it is important not to mix EurekaLog anti-freeze feature with TIdAntiFreeze or similar Delphi component - those are entirely different things which have only similar name in common.
(*) Well, the last case (not updating UI) is not a bug for you, the developer - since after 10 minutes your application will suddenly come back to life. But this is certainly an error from the end-user's viewpoint.
(**) Consider, what happens with such (typical) code:
SomeObj := TSomeClass.Create();
 //...
What, if the EFrozenException will be raised right after your code exits constructor, but before assigning the object pointer to SomeObj variable? The try-finally block will be skipped, since exception was raised before try. But even if FreeAndNil will be executed - it has nothing to free: the SomeObj is empty. The object reference is forgotten - therefore it is a memory leak. Well, as I said: this is a very rare scenario. You can ignore it when using in such case as hung application - since hung application is already a bug, therefore you don't make the situation worse. But you surely shouldn't use such dangerous technique in the common code.


Pataky Name History
The Hungarian Language is quite distinct from its Germanic and Slavonic neighbors, and is of Finno-Ugric rather than Indo-European origin. Thus, it is related to Finnish. Nevertheless, the strongest cultural influence in historical times has been German, and the pattern of Hungarian surnames is similar to that found in Germany and Austria. Hungarian surnames are placed before rather than after the given name. A few surnames that are relatively common in Hungary are not in fact of Hungarian linguistic origin; they represent Magyarized forms of German and Slavonic names imported from neighboring regions.
The Hungarian surname Pataky is of locative origin. Locative surnames are those names which derive their origin from a particular feature, either man made or natural, near which derive the original bearer lived or held land. In this instance, the surname Pataky is derived from the Polish word "potok", meaning "stream". Thus, the surname Pataky was the name given to someone who lived by a brook or stream. Pataky is the Hungarian form of the name. Variants of this surname include such names as Patak, Pataki, Potok, Potocki, and Potucek.
References to this surname or to a variant include a record of the Pataky family who were a very large and noble family of Hungary. A specific blazon of arms was granted to one Johann Pataky in 1703.
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BACKGROUND: Internet addiction (IA) is considered as one of behavioral addictions. Although common neurobiological mechanisms have been suggested to underlie behavioral addiction and substance dependence, few studies have directly compared IA with substance dependence, such as alcohol dependence (AD).
METHODS: We compared patients with IA, AD, and healthy controls (HC) in terms of the Five Factor Model of personality and with regard to impulsiveness, anger expression, and mood to explore psychological factors that are linked to aggression. All patients were treatment-seeking and had moderate-to-severe symptoms.
RESULTS: The IA and AD groups showed a lower level of agreeableness and higher levels of neuroticism, impulsivity, and anger expression compared with the HC group, which are characteristics related to aggression. The addiction groups showed lower levels of extraversion, openness to experience, and conscientiousness and were more depressive and anxious than the HCs, and the severity of IA and AD symptoms was positively correlated with these types of psychopathology.
CONCLUSIONS: IA and AD are similar in terms of personality, temperament, and emotion, and they share common characteristics that may lead to aggression. Our findings suggest that strategies to reduce aggression in patients with IA are necessary and that IA and AD are closely related and should be dealt with as having a close nosological relationship.
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Student Instructions
Count the Falling Leaves🍁🍂
Make the leaves fall to the ground but as you do, count out loud. As you move them, you can swirl them around as if they are floating through the air down to the ground below. 1. Tap to get started. Find your name and tap it. 2. Tap the tool. Now you can move the leaves! But first, tap the red button. 3. After the 3-2-1 countdown, touch each leaf and move it to the ground, counting out loud as you do this. Tap when you're finished counting. 4. After you've finished moving and counting leaves, you can use the or tool to write the total number of leaves that you made fall to the ground! 5. Tap the twice to save to your journal.
1st Grade, Kindergarten, Science, Math
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The sample has not only the directions stated orally but a brief demonstration showing students how to do the activity. You can have students add other finishing touches if you'd like - drawing themselves in the scene or adding in foraging animals like squirrels. Note: The feature is only available in iOS.


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A shoebox diorama represents a scene within the confines of a shoebox. When used as a book report, you can decorate and arrange figures and objects inside of the shoebox to illustrate a scene from the book. Think of the shoebox as a theater stage, and you are the director, prop-master and set designer.
Capture The Moment
When making a diorama for a book report, it is important you choose a significant scene from the book to display in your diorama. Ideally, you want people who see your project to know which book it is from without being told, or having to read the title. Furthermore, if you capture a moment of action in your scene, it will draw attention and prompt those unfamiliar with your book to ask about what happens next in that scene.
Draw It Out
Before you start crafting figures and pasting colored paper to this inside of your shoebox, take the time to make a drawing of what you plan to do. Figure out which objects will go near the front and back and so on, so you don't get to the building stage and realize you don't have enough room for the important parts of your scene. Consider your sketch a blueprint, which will let you try different ideas without having to waste materials and construction time.
Build from Back to Front
It is tempting to begin by placing objects and decorations in the foreground of your scene first, because that is what the audience sees first, and the foreground is usually where the action happens. However, it is much easier to paint -- or apply colored -- paper to the background first, followed by any background objects before placing any of the foreground objects or decorating the front of the box.
Use The Lid
The lid of the shoebox is an effective tool that can significantly enhance the presentation of your diorama. You can use it as a base to increase the area of the "ground." If it's a hinge-type lid that is connected to the box, you can stand the box on end and use the lid as additional foreground space beside the main box area. You can even use this type of lid to represent space underwater or underground: simply keep the lid attached and place the box near the edge of the table, allowing the lid to drape down in front.
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Mars Retrograde 2087
Mars is a fiery planet that is usually termed as a fighter of the aggressive type. It is associated with our sex drives, career moves and energy levels. Mars retrogrades very rarely, say once for every two years when it goes on a back-drive for about 10 weeks. And this period is going to be a hell lot if we are not familiar with Mars retrograde effects.
Mars retrograde is not a time to initiate any love or marriage relationship as your sexual life would be affected altogether. Also not a good time to initiate a job too. Anything started during Mars retrograde would lose steam very soon, there would be a lack of energy. However there would be a craving for a new job or a new relationship with the natives. Mind you these would take you nowhere.
When Mars goes retrograde it would be staying for about 6 months in a sign, normally it would be there for about 2 months time. Hence people with strong planetary placements where the Mars retrograde happens seems to feel the pinch more. To put it in a nutshell, Mars retrograde does not imply your downfall, instead it is a time of frustration.
Mars Retrograde Calendar
Legend :
- Mars Retrograde Period
Mars Retrograde Dates
 - During the year 2086, Mars Retrograde period is from 17 November 2086 to 02 February 2087.
 - In the year 2086, Mars Retrograde can be found in the month November and February.


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School Science/Oyster cultivation in seawater ponds
Saccostrea gigas, the Japanese oyster, is ideally suited for cultivation in sea water ponds or in the water from seawater ponds. Major advantages of this oyster are:
- Gigas does well in water with high concentrations of phytoplankton, the normal situation in marine ponds which are growing fish or prawns and which therefore have high nutrient loadings.
- Spat (the juveniles) of gigas are readily available from hatcheries all over the world and are also not too difficult to reproduce in a modest mariculture hatchery.
- Gigas has a ready market and is a fast grower. In phytoplankton rich water it becomes very fat (lots of glycogen stored) and as a result is very tasty.
- Gigas can survive a wide range of temperatures from near freezing up to 30 degrees although it grows fastest and fattest at around 20 degrees.
Experimental Cultivation of gigas
A simple way to test if the oysters will thrive is to construct some simple baskets of stiff plastic mesh (netlon for instance). Put in a few tens of small, young gigas and suspend the baskets from the monks (water outlet structures) of the pond. Use mesh of at least 10mm opening so that it doesn't plug up too quickly with marine fouling organisms. A simple way of doing this is to cut two disks of, say, 30cm diameter one for the top and one for the bottom and a strip of, say 10cm wide for the side. Sew up with plastic cord and leave a place where the baskets can be opened to add and remove oysters as necessary. Attach three cords equally spaced around the upper rim, tie them together and attach a cord long enough to suspend baskets in the pond. Gigas grown this way in Elat reached a total weight of 75 grams in 9 months and had very high quality indices.
Crassostrea produce large amounts of faeces and pseudofaeces when they are in plankton rich water so every few days they will need to be agitated to remove this material. Otherwise they will smother. Further along in this module we describe a way of growing the oysters so that they are pretty well immune from this build up of sediment.
If you cup your left hand and cover the cup with your right hand which you keep flat, this represents the shells of an oyster. The hinge is at the part of your hand nearest to the wrist and the opening at the ends of your fingers. Imagine your body shrinking until it will fit inside your hands in the same orientation as you are sitting now. The cupped left hand is the left shell of the oyster but since this is the shell that is attached to the substrate (often intertidal rocks in the case of Saccostrea sp.) it is commonly referred to as the lower shell while the flat right shell is commonly called the upper shell. A membrane or skin attaches along the oysters back and lines the shells. This membrane is called the mantle.
Oysters feed by means of their gills. They close the gap between the shells with their mantle, leaving an openings where your thumb and little finger are in the above paragraph. Cillia on the gills beat, creating a flow of water in one opening and out the other. The mucus on the gills captures particles and the action of cillia move the mucus with its edible particles along pathways on the gills towards the mouth. Inedible particles are sent along other pathways away from the mouth. From time to time, the oyster closes quickly, blowing out the unwanted particles which are stuck together with mucus. This expelled material is referred to as pseudofaeces. As it is now in larger particles than when it was individual cells of phytoplankton, it sinks faster and forms an organic layer along with ordinary faeces on the bottom of its growing vessel (pond, trough, tank etc.)In waters with high concentrations of plankton, even particles which are edible by the oysters are expelled as pseudofaeces. This potential food is therefore lost to the oysters. Below a method to make better use of more of the available food is described.
More Efficient Use of Phytoplankton
Oysters produce pseudofaeces when exposed to edible particles in high concentrations. This, of course, wastes food that could have been used to grow more oysters. It also produces more grunge which rapidly turns anaerobic and must be cleared more often from the growing vessel. Since marine fish and prawns are fed with large quantities of prepared feed, in sunny areas, where much of this type of cultivation occurs, very rich blooms of phytoplankton develop in the ponds. Any system which presents this food at the correct concentration to the oysters will increase the quantity of oysters that can be grown from a given area of sea water pond. A way which has been used successfully is to build a trough (1m x 1m for instance) which is a little lower than the pond. The water leaving the pond is run through the trough. Instead of letting all the water in one end and out the other, the water is introduced all along the trough. This keeps renewing the phytoplankton as the oysters remove it and ensures that all the oysters are growing in an algae soup which is more dilute in phytoplankton than the water in the pond.
Cleaning the Trough
Oysters produce very large amounts of faeces and if in rich water, large amounts of pseudofaeces. After a time this material builds up on the bottom of the trough, becomes anaerobic and begins to produce hydrogen sulphide an ammonia. It is wise to fit the oyster trough with monk boards or some similar system so that the water can be let down completely and the trough flushed out. At the same time the oysters can be washed off although this becomes much less critical with the following growing method.
Self Cleaning Oysters
While a common method of growing oysters it to put them on mesh trays with their lower shells down, in this orientation, the oysters can easily be smothered by the solid wastes of oysters above them. The trick is to suspend them hinge up, opening down. A method which worked well in a pilot study in Elat was to glue spat on to netlon mesh on trays and place them in the ponds or troughs. As an oyster grows it attaches by its lower shell to the substrate. After a few weeks, the trays were removed from the water and the mesh cut up to leave an eye of mesh distal to the hinge on each oyster. The oysters were then suspended from the corners of vinyl coated wire weld mesh with a hole size of 55mm. This was fairly labour intensive but when compared with the work that goes into cleaning oysters on trays or the work done to grow oysters in the intertidal zone in many parts of the world then it can be seen that even this experimental method was not that onerous. Once the oysters are suspended this way, they are only handled once again for harvest.
In many parts of the world there are worms that settle on the lip of oysters and then grow inbetween the layers of the shell. When an oyster is opened, the cavity thus produced is often broken into and spills its contents of anaerobic mud on to the oyster. These worms are particularly prevalent in muddy conditions. One way of reducing such attacks is to clean the oysters often. However, a less laborious way is to ensure that these animals do not enter the pond. Since they enter as microscopic larvae, this necessitates the microfiltration of the water entering the ponds. With the high exchange rates typically used in marine ponds, this is impossible or at least very expensive by man made mechanical methods.
A better way is to take the water from the beach or sea bottom. A number of methods have been used, depending on the individual location. In desert areas or areas where, due to the particular geology of the site, there is no fresh water flowing underground out into the sea, a well can often be dug above the high tide mark and a pump lowered into the well. If you are lucky enough to have such a site, this is probably the least expensive system to build and to run. The entire beach adjacent to the site becomes the filter for the well. Since the area is very large, the flow rate becomes very slow and the filter will often act as a live filter rather than as a mechanical filter.
As water is sucked through the beach or seabottom, oxygen goes with it. This allows many organisms to settle in the spaces between the particles. Many of these filter particulate material from the water. A good indication that the filter is actively filtering is a level of Oxygen in the water entering the pond which is lower than the oxygen level in the nearby ocean.
There are a number of measurements of "oyster quality". One of the most accepted indices is to divide the dry weight of the oyster meat in grams by the volume of the space where the oyster lives in cubic centimetres. The dry weight of the oyster meat is obtained by drying to constant weight the meat of the shucked oyster at just over 100 degrees. The volume of the cavity is found as follows. The unshucked, closed oyster is suspended by a thread from the hook under a top loading balance. The weight is noted. A container of water is brought up under the oyster and raised until the whole oyster is immersed. The change in weight in grams is equal to the volume of the oyster in cubic centimetres. After the oyster is shucked


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Video Demonstration


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Tribe v. Peterson
964 P.2d 1238 (Wyo. 1998)
- The Tribe family moved to Wyoming and bought their first horse from the Petersons.
- Some time after buying the horse, both Tribes (husband and wife) were separately thrown off the horse. Mr. Tribe broke his wrist.
- Tribe sued for breach of warranty
- Tribe argued that that the Petersons had guaranteed that horse would be "gentle." He also argued that the Petersons negligently and fraudulently misrepresented the horse's nature.
- That is known as an express warranty.
- Express warranties for sale of goods are codified in UCC §2-313(1)(b), which says, "any description of the goods which is made part of the basis of the bargain creates an express warranty that the goods shall conform to the description."
- In order for a seller to make an express warranty, they must make a statement of fact that relates to the goods and becomes part of the bargain.
- The Petersons argued that it would be impossible to guarantee a horse wouldn't buck, so they would never have made such an express warranty.
- The Trial Court found for the Petersons. Tribe appealed.
- Appellate Court affirmed. Tribe appealed.
- Wyoming Supreme Court affirmed.
- The Courts all found that there was no misrepresentation. The horse was gentle, but even gentle horses throw riders sometimes.
- Basically the Courts said that any horse seller would know that it was not possible to guarantee anything with regards to horse attitudes, so there was no way the Petersons would have made an express warrantee.


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Volunteer with Senior Corps
The Senior Corps Programs – Foster Grandparents, Senior Companions and RSVP – offer individuals who are 55 years of age and older an opportunity to give back to their communities, connecting them with the people and organizations that need them most. Conceived during John F. Kennedy's presidency, Senior Corps currently links more than 270,000 Americans to service opportunities. Their contributions of skills, knowledge, and experience make a real difference to individuals, nonprofits, and faith-based and other community organizations throughout the United States.
Individuals must be willing to make a commitment to serve on an ongoing basis, 2-20 hours per week. Individuals have an array of opportunities to choose from based on their interests and availability. Volunteers receive guidance and training so they can make a contribution that suits their talents, interests, and availability.
Examples of opportunities include the following:
- Mentor preschool children
- Be a companion to frail older adults who are living in their own homes or apartments
- Provide money management counseling to older adults or individuals with disabilities
- As a benefit check-up volunteer, screen adults to determine if they qualify for services and/or monetary assistance
Programs provided through funding by the Corporation for National and Community Service.


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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Siblings)
Types of siblings[change | change source]
There are several different types of siblings.
- Full siblings (brother, sister): These siblings have the same father and mother.
- Half siblings (half-brother, half-sister): These siblings have one parent that is the same. They either have the same father or the same mother.
- Step siblings (stepbrother, stepsister): These sibling have different fathers and mothers but one of their parents is married to a parent of the other one.
- example: John and Tom are step brothers because John's father is married to Tom's mother.
- Siblings by breastfeeding: In Islam someone who is breastfed by a woman who is not their birth mother become siblings to the children of that woman if they are less than 2 years old and have been breastfed five times or more by that woman.


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Do you know of other examples of nuking mosquitos like this?
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67 Answers 67
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One can use the continuous functional calculus of a C$^*$-algebra (namely $M_N(\mathbb{C})$) to prove that a normal matrix is diagonalizable.
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ok, but this is not really an awful sophisticated proof. this is the standard way of proofing the spectral theorem for normal operators. if one considers the special case of normal operators on finite dimensional spaces - viz, matrices - you get this. – Delio Mugnolo Feb 25 '13 at 5:35
$Forest$ is in $P$. Given a finite undirected graph $G$ one can in polynomial time decide whether the input is a forest. The class of all finite forests is a minor-closed property and by the Robertson–Seymour theorem, there are finitely many forbidden minors. We can in $O(n^3)$ time test whether $G$ contains a forbidden minor and if not, output yes.
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Although I like the example, I'm not sure I follow your argument. For the case of forests we already know the finite set of forbidden minors: $\{C_3\}$. So Robertson-Seymour doesn't really enter the picture except via the $O(n^3)$ test, which is really a different theorem. – András Salamon Mar 28 '13 at 23:33
If $0\le f_n \le 1$ is a sequence of continuous functions on $[0,1]$ that converges pointwise to $0$, then $\int_0^1 f_n(t) dt $ converges to $0$. Understandable by freshman, the statement is hard to prove using only the tools of calculus but is immediate from the dominated convergence theorem.
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I don't see this as a simple fact. To construct Lebesgue measure you usually have to prove such a statement (or something similar) anyway. – Mark Jun 15 '11 at 15:10
Kn is non-planar for n>4: it contradicts the four-color theorem.
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To qualify as a good answer, it has to be non-circular... Are we sure this passes that test? – Mariano Suárez-Alvarez Dec 30 '12 at 2:42
Around year 1970 a popular way to compute cohomology groups of the finite cyclic groups was by applying spectral sequences (which was quite an overkill).
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This was popular among whom? The book by Cartan and Eilenberg, the very first textbook on the subject, already has the computation done in terms of the usual very small periodic projective resolution: after that, using anything else to compute this seems pretty weird! – Mariano Suárez-Alvarez May 11 '13 at 7:37
The Jordan curve theorem. As far as I know, the "elementary" proof is quite involved, at least with respect to the intuitive plausibility of the statement.
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I think the idea of this question is to judge the simplicity of the fact by the length of the shortest possible elementary proof, not by the length of the statement. – HJRW Oct 17 '10 at 17:40
unknown - for suitable definitions of 'heuristic' and'simple', yes, I do. But the key word in the question is 'disproportionate'. – HJRW Oct 17 '10 at 19:01
The Jordan curve theorem is not intuitive: it deals with continuous curves, and at that level of generality it is quite legitimate to expect the worst. The result is almost obvious for $C^1$ curves, of course, but there is a chasm between $C^0$ and $C^1$, and I can think of a couple of "intuitive" results like this which are not yet even proved in the $C^0$ case. See e.g. the square pegs & round holes problem _URL_ which may be close to being solved, but has been open since 1911! – Thierry Zell Oct 17 '10 at 22:52
I am not sure it is so intuitive, even in the nice $C^1$ case. For example, could you explain to a child why the results holds in the plane and not in the torus? – Hugh J Oct 18 '10 at 22:25


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Get involved: send your photos, videos, news & views by texting OXFORD NEWS to 80360 or email us
It's snow problem for hardy Alpacas
Buy this photo » Rocky the Alpaca
THE snow has meant more rations and warmer bedding for most of the animals at Millet's Farm Centre near Abingdon.
But Alpacas Rocky and Eismann have also been showing off the skills that make them some of the world's hardiest animals.
While the county shivers in freezing temperatures, Rocky and Eismann have been keeping warm thanks to their thick Peruvian fur, or fibre.
And they've also been using their heads – and their noses and tongues – to reach the tasty grass buried beneath the snow.
Millet's outdoor animal keeper, Malcolm Skinner, 46, explained: "Alpacas are used to extremely cold temperatures, originating as they do from the Andes mountains.
"While most of the other animals here have been eating extra hay, Rocky and Eismann prefer to scratch and nuzzle, using their toes to burrow into the snow, before searching the green grass out with their mouths and long tongues."
Alpacas come from the highest regions of the Andes mountains in Peru and are bred mostly for their fibre – a thick, silky fur which not only keeps them warm, but is also used for making very soft, knitted and woven items.
Mr Skinner continued: "We have been giving the ponies, guinea pigs, sheep, goats and pigs extra warm bedding and more food than usual, but Rocky and Eismann are undeterred by this weather.
"People love seeing their woolly coats and although they fight a bit amongst themselves and are not that fond of dogs, they are pretty friendly animals."
Comments are closed on this article.


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Imagine an app like yelp. In this case, you select the amount of stars that you want to rate something. When you do, a pre-generated text is displayed in the text input field. You can either keep this text, as it is a useful pre-generated review, or you can delete this text and write your own.
I'm trying to decide what the best way is to indicate that this text is something that you don't HAVE to use, that it's an option, not forced upon you. That it is editable.
I can: - have an icon that indicates that it is editable (pencil?) (not very clear) - have text that says e.g. "tap to edit" (a bit messy, having a hint on screen) - have the text be "selected" the moment it appears on screen. (cleanest way, but is it clear enough?)
Anything obvious i'm missing? What do you think is best?


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I made a typo in last issue of the newsletter which was corrected right away, but many still got the uncorrected version. Instead of writing C(X,Y) = 0 for uncorrelation, I wrote P(X,Y) = 0. This is a non trivial error, as C(X, Y) = 0 means that the covariance between X and Y variables is zero (uncorrelation) while P(X,Y) = 0 is often used in reference to disjoint (mutually exclusive events). Ah, the power of a single letter-typo… That's kind of stuffs happen when you are pressed with so many deadlines. My apologies for that. I'll repeat this clarification in the next issue of IRW since it covers the second part of the subject on correlation. The purpose of this post is to gives you a sneak preview on what to expect from the June issue.
Variables or events are said to be independent, correlated, uncorrelated, orthogonal, or unrelated depending on the type of scenario.
Independence implies that P(X,Y) = P(X)*P(Y) where P is probability; i.e., the probability of X and Y to occur is equal to the product of the individual variable probabilities.
Correlation is a measure of linear association. Variables can be correlated without having any causal relationship, or can have a causal relationship and yet be uncorrelated.
Uncorrelation implies that C(X,Y) = 0; i.e., the covariance between variables is zero. This implies that their correlation coefficient, r, is also zero since r = C(X,Y)/S(X)*S(Y), where S stands for standard deviation. There is a generalization of this using expectation values; i.e. it is said that X and Y are uncorrelated if and only if E(X,Y) = E(X)*E(Y).
Describing variables as being either orthogonal or uncorrelated is easier to understand in terms of vectors.
If vectors representing raw variables are perpendicular (dot product is zero) then the variables are orthogonal.
Now if the variables are centered and represented as vectors and their dot product is yet zero they are uncorrelated.
In other words, orthogonal denotes that the raw variables (non-centered) are perpendicular while uncorrelated means that the centered variables are perpendicular. C(X,Y) is then obtained from this dot product as C(X,Y) = 0.
There is an old, but still relevant article, Linearly Independent, Orthogonal, and Uncorrelated Variables, written by Rodgers et al which explains all this.


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I cannot seem to find where the SHUTDOWN ALL command reference is in the CA OPS/MVS Event Management User Guide. This command is entered prior to our IPL. What does it do? If it's a REXX exec where is it?
This is a rule created by the customer and they needed to know where to look for it.
Go to the OPSVIEW panel.
Customer found the command rule.
- Select 4 Control - Control CA OPS/MVS
- Select 5 AOF Control - Control Automated Operations Facility
- Select 1 AOF Control - Control AOF Rules
- On the following panel, if the rule dataset is there, press Enter
- Select each RULESET member, using the line command S,
- Using the line command B, look for the member named SHUTDOWN.
- Using the line command B, have a look inside the SHUTDOWN member to see what that shutdown member is doing.


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The following eight standards serve as the guiding principles by which the educator preparation programs are measured:
Missouri Baptist University prepares licensure candidates who:
- Consistently demonstrate the content, pedagogical, and pedagogical content knowledge necessary to facilitate learning for all students, and to demonstrate the knowledge, skills, competencies, and dispositions defined as appropriate to their area of responsibility.
- Analyze and reflect on their practice using a variety of assessment strategies, including action research and are committed to continued professional development.
- Observe and practice solutions to problems of practice in diverse clinical settings and with diverse PK-12 student populations.
- Use their self-awareness and knowledge of diversity to create learning environments that support their belief that through active hands-on and minds-on learning all students can learn challenging curricula.
- Demonstrate and promote the strategic use of technology to enhance learning and professional practice.
- Support schools, students, and community through leadership, service, and personal involvement.
- Develop effective and supportive relationships that enhance communication among students, parents, and colleagues to facilitate learning.
- Through the lens of their faith, exhibit empathy for and sensitivity to students and colleagues who practice the profession's ethical standards.
Drawing from a rich combination of broad-based experiences and academic preparation, the professional education faculty seeks to facilitate in each student:
- The development of an educational posture which is child-centered, experientially and authentically based, and consistent with a Christian perspective;
- The enhanced awareness of Christian moral and ethical responsibilities relative to education in a diverse and changing society;
- The development of critical thinking and effective problem-solving skills through a variety of traditional technologically-based experiences;
- The application of experiential and research-based theories into the pedagogical process.
This program fosters in students a reflective and problem-solving heuristic (model) so that Missouri Baptist University graduates are able to make informed decisions as professional educators.
The program consists of a planned integrated system (pattern) of coursework and authentic learning (field) experiences designed to enable the student to acquire a strong knowledge base and core of subject competencies, as well as to develop constructive social and personal attitudes to serve as a reflective professional in the education field.
Education Division Handbook Revised 1.2.12


Tsuga canadensis (Canadian Hemlock, Eastern Hemlock)
SKU: tsuga_canadensis_001 Categories:,
Tsuga canadensis (Canadian Hemlock, Eastern Hemlock) Seeds
Zones: 3 to 7.
Native to eastern North America.
The Canadian or Eastern Hemlock is native to northeastern North America, thriving in its natural habitat of moist woods, wooded ravines and valleys. It is a is a dense, pyramidal conifer having short, dark green needles with two lines of white stomata underneath, arrayed in flat sprays giving it a graceful form. Small, egg-shaped, pendant, cones 3/4 inch (2 cm) long are tan-brown. The bark is greyish-brown, scaly and fissured.
It prefers part shade to shade and can therefore be planted where other conifers would not grow. It likes moist, well-drained soils and is intolerant of drought. It is ideal for shady areas of the landscape, as a lawn specimen or as a screen.
Size: Height 40 to 70 ft; Width 25 to 35 ft.
Germination Instructions
Stratification: Provide about 60 to 120 days cold, moist stratification at 3° C (37° F) to 5° C (41° F).
 1. Soak seeds in water for 24 hours.
 3. Place the bag(s) with seeds in refrigerator for about 60 to 120 days.


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You're JUST like ME!!
This is not a personal idea of mine but I thought it was great!
Depending on the number and type of students in the class, make up some categories and write them on the board.
Examples of categories teacher can write on the board
-sports fanatics = love to play or watch sports
-bookworms = love to read
-gamblers = like to take chances
-clotheshorses = are very fashion-conscious and often have a lot of clothes or spend a lot of time and money on their wardrobes
-food freaks = really love food and eating
-homebodies = prefer staying home to going out
-workaholics = are very hard workers and often work overtime
-couch potatoes = prefer watching TV or reading to going out or getting exercise
-Teacher explains each category.
-Ask students to choose one category that they think best describes their personality. (Note: Tell students that this is just for fun so they shouldn't take their choice too seriously.)
-Students who chose the same category form a group.
-Groups discuss why they chose the category they did, why they think it is a good description of themselves, and why it is fun.
-Each student writes down on worksheet a few ideas of what he has heard and each group puts their ideas together.
-A chosen secretary within the group synthesizes the ideas.
-A chosen spokesperson within each group presents the ideas to the class.
Language targeted by activity:
Use of the present verb tense.
The formulation of opinion sentences using because.
Use of argument to prove category is the most fun.
Language needed for interaction:
I choose ________ because, I like, enjoy, I think _______ is the best, greatest because___________.
Proper sentence structure when using because.
Proper intonation use in persuasion sentences.
Choice of effective ideas in argument
Proper choice and use of adjectives.
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Note: The code to reproduce the results can be found on the sPYnning Github repository.
Spinning globe
The source code to animate a spinning globe is published on Github. The sphere is approximated by hexagons (and few pentagons). By assigning a color to each hexagon, we can color-code the globe to represent the ocean / landmass of the earth, or even different countries.
We can fake a diffusion equation on the sphere by simply updating a cell's value based upon the neighboring cells. For a full diffusion equation, the areas of the cells would need to be included. For this animation, I did not consider this yet. Since I could not get my hands on an elevation profile, I only distinguish between landmass an ocean and run the diffusion equation on these values.
The update rule then looks like this.
This update need to be applied in every iteration, resulting in the following code (including plotting).
This results in the following animation (or versions of it).
Game of Life
It is easy to implement a spherical Game of Life version. However, it is hard to find appropriate update rules. The idea is, that the (boolean) state of a cell is being updated based upon the states of the neighbors. If the neighbors are alive, they bring life to the cell. If too many neighbors are alive, a cell dies. A possible implementation can look like this. Here you can be creative.
We can initialize the states randomly as True or False. Some fine-tuning is required to find a good update rule.