text:
Mental health injuries can occur on the job too. Workplace mental health injuries are eligible for workers' compensation benefits in Pennsylvania. Increasingly, experts are recognizing that on-the-job mental health injuries are more common than previously realized. A study from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) estimated that the American economy loses over $100 billion every year due to mental health injuries. Much like any physical on-the-job injury, a mental health injury deserves full and fair compensation. If you require mental health treatment due to an injury sustained on the job, you should contact an experienced Philadelphia workers' compensation attorney as soon as possible.
Mental Health Injuries Under Pennsylvania Workers' Compensation Law
It is important to understand the classification of your mental health injury. Pennsylvania law breaks mental health injuries into three separate categories:
- Physically induced: This refers to mental health injuries that stem from a physical stimulus. An example of this would be a situation in which a person was physically injured on the job, and then developed post traumatic stress disorder. The physical injury was the initial stimulus, but the mental health injury is also very real.
- Mental, with physical consequences: This refers to scenarios where the initial stimulus was mental, for example a stress disorder, and then that mental stimulus led to physical consequences. For instance, cardiovascular issues can be associated with mental stress.
- Purely mental or emotional: These are injuries with only mental health symptoms and no currently diagnosed physical consequences.
Proving a Mental Health Injury
Recovering workers' compensation benefits for your mental health injury requires proving the full extent of that injury. The previously mentioned classifications are extremely important because the burden of proof is different depending on the type of mental health injury. Under Pennsylvania law, the burden of proof is lower in cases where a physical symptom is present. This includes both physically induced mental health injuries and mental injuries that have physical consequences. Proving that a purely mental health injury exists is more difficult in Pennsylvania. It will require the additional step of proving that you were subject to abnormal working conditions, and that those abnormal conditions were the primary cause of your mental health injury. Regardless, if your job caused you a mental health injury, you are still rightfully entitled to workers' compensation benefits in Pennsylvania. These claims can be challenging, so it is important to get your case in the hands of a qualified workers' compensation attorney as soon as possible.
Contact An Experienced Workers' Compensation Attorney
Mental health injuries are often traumatic. If your injury occurred at the workplace, then you are owed full and fair workers' compensation benefits. It is important to understand that insurance companies often attempt to fight these cases because they know that mental health injuries are more difficult to prove and they believe that they can get away without paying fair benefits. Do not let them. If you have been medically treated for a work-related mental health injury, please contact an experienced Philadelphia workers' compensation attorney today. Your legal rights depend on it.


text:
Correct me if I am wrong, but I am wondering if your example is working correct in the first place. Your example shows a character conparison on date: date between '1-jan-2005′ and '10-mar-2005′.
Consider these entries in your file/table/database:
If the date field is a character field, then the first 3 entries get selected, because of the fact that they are sorted in this order.
It would be a different story if your entries in the file/table/database are filled in like this:
In this case you would select: date between '20050101' and '20050310', which would select 6 entries. If your routine builds the dates like this, then the dynamic selection will work.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
This paper introduces a univariate interpolation scheme using a binary parameter called signature such that the graph of the interpolant—which we refer to as affine zipper fractal interpolation function—is obtained as an attractor of a suitable affine zipper. The scaling vector function is identified so that the graph of the corresponding affine zipper fractal interpolation function can be inscribed within a prescribed rectangle. Convergence analysis of the proposed affine zipper fractal interpolant is carried out. It is observed that for a fixed choice of discrete scaling factors, the box counting dimension of the graph of an affine zipper fractal interpolant is independent of the choice of a signature. Several examples of affine zipper fractal interpolants are presented to supplement our theory.
- 27 МАТЕМАТИКА


text:
Wilhelmus Zakaria Johannes
|Wilhelmus Zakaria Johannes|
Rote, East Nusa Tenggara, Dutch East Indies
|Died||September 4, 1952
The Hague, Netherlands
Wilhelmus Zakaria Johannes (1895 – September 4, 1952) was an Indonesian radiology doctor. Johannes was the first Indonesian medical doctor who learned radiology in the CBZ (Civil Hospital) in Batavia and then became an expert in Rontgen technology and had contributed a lot to the development of medical studies in Indonesia. The Indonesian government honored WZ Johannes as a National Hero of Indonesia and named a general hospital in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara after him. As a tribute, the name Wilhelmus Zakaria Johannes was used on an Indonesian Navy ship, the KRI Wilhelmus Zakarias Yohannes. Johannes died in 1952 and was buried at the Jati Petamburan Cemetery in Central Jakarta.
WZ Johannes was the cousin of Professor Herman Johannes, an Indonesian professor who was the Rector of Gadjah Mada University and father of Helmi Johannes, a newscaster and executive producer for VOA Indonesian television in Washington DC.
- Zaidir Djalal. Prof. Dr. W.Z. Yohannes. Jakarta: Mutiara, 1978.
|This biographical article related to medicine in Indonesia is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


Header Ads
Google Translate Covers 99% of the Online Population
Google Translate added 13 more languages to the machine-learning based translation tool.
Google Translate now covers more than 100 languages—encompassing 99% of the online population.
Google Translate has hit a major milestone just before the tenth birthday
The 13 new languages are Amharic, Corsican, Frisian, Kyrgyz, Hawaiian, Kurdish (Kurmanji), Luxembourgish, Samoan, Scots Gaelic, Shona, Sindhi, Pashto, and Xhosa, Google Translate's Sveta Kelman wrote in a post. The addition of these languages added 120 million potential users including 43 million Pashto speakers and over 26 million Sindhi speakers
"No matter what language you speak, we hope today's update makes it easier to communicate with millions of new friends and break language barriers one conversation at a time," Kelman wrote.
Google Translate understands languages by analyzing troves of documents through machine learning, and supplementing that with human translation. More than 3 million volunteers have pitched in to translate phrases for the service to make its translations more natural.
You can head to this URL to use Google Translate: _URL_
No comments


text:
Creating a nickname for a favorite asset
You can give nicknames to assets in the Favorites list. The nickname is displayed instead of the assets filename or value. For example, if you have a color named #999900, you might use a more descriptive nickname, such as PageBackgroundColor or ImportantTextColor.
You can give nicknames to assets in the Favorites list in the Assets panel. In the Site list, the assets are listed by their real filenames (or values, in the case of colors and URLs).
To give a nickname to a favorite asset:
- In the Assets panel (Window > Assets), select the category on the left side of the panel that contains your asset.
- Select the Favorites option at the top of the panel to display the Favorites list.
- Do one of the following:
- Right-click (Windows) or Control-click (Macintosh) the assets name or icon in the Assets panel, then select Edit Nickname.
- Click the assets name once, pause, then click it again.
- Type a nickname for the asset, then press Enter (Windows) or Return (Macintosh).
The nickname appears in the Nickname column.
- Viewing assets in the Assets panel
- Adding assets to and removing assets from the Favorites list
- Grouping assets in a Favorites folder


Question: What Happens When You Put An Egg In Salt Water?
Does salt water affect buoyancy?
How Salt Water Influences Buoyancy.
Adding salt increases the density of water.
If the same volume of water is displaced by an object, the weight of saltwater displaced is greater and thus the force of buoyancy is proportionally greater..
How does salt make an egg float in water?
Instructions:Pour water into the glass until it is about half full.Stir in lots of salt (about 6 tablespoons).Carefully pour in plain water until the glass is nearly full (be careful to not disturb or mix the salty water with the plain water).Gently lower the egg into the water and watch what happens.
Are Floating eggs bad?
How much salt does it take to float an egg hypothesis?
The density of the average egg will be slightly greater than that of water, so it will sink. To make the egg float, we have to make the water more dense by adding salt. For 1 cup of water, adding 3 tbsp. of salt should be about enough to make the egg float.
What happens when you put an egg in vinegar?
If you soak an egg in vinegar the eggshell will absorb the acid and break down, or dissolve. The calcium carbonate will become carbon dioxide gas, which will go into the air.
Is it OK to soak eggs in water?
Use warm water, not cold water. … Cold water can cause the contents of the egg to shrink, creating a vacuum that can pull bacteria into the egg through the porous shell. It is recommended to not saturate or soak eggs in water. If they are that soiled, it may be best to just trash it.
What to do with eggs that float?
Do eggs float in salt water?
What happens when you put an egg in sugar water?
The sugar solution is much more concentrated then the water, this is because it contains dissolved molecules of sugar. The dissolved molecules cannot pass through the semi permeable membrane of the egg, but the small water molecules can. … Therefore water moves from the egg to the sugar solution, and the egg shrinks.
What liquids cause the egg to shrink?
Corn syrup has a high concentration of dissolved molecules of sugar, which gives it a high density. … The water in the egg will move from the area of higher density through the membrane to the corn syrup until the density is the same on both sides. So water will move from the egg to the syrup, and the egg shrinks.
What happens when you put an egg in Coca Cola?
After the Coca Cola and egg was left for a year, the soda reacted with the egg shell made up of calcium carbonate reacted with the acid and the result was surprising. All that was left in the bowl was some brown disgustingly gooey mess.


Managed Services
Connect with Us
About Gabsten
Beyond backup and recovery – PoPI Act compliance requires understanding of how data is managed
18 Dec 2020
The Protection of Personal Information (PoPI) Act, which came into force on 1 July this year, has compelled organisations to take a closer look at their data management in terms of how it is stored, what data is stored and for how long this data must be stored.
Essentially, this is the impact that the PoPI Act has had on businesses from an information management perspective. While local organisations have been aware of PoPI Act compliance requirements for a number of years, it has not really been a major talking point within organisations until now, purely because it has now become enforceable
The Act has also pushed organisations towards more effective data backup and recovery, with businesses putting controls in place to manage the content and time period for which they must or can keep their data.
In the past, organisations often deemed all their data to be important and would thus keep all this information indefinitely, but the Act stipulates that specific data must be kept for a defined period of time, specifically in terms of data that falls within the Personally Identifiable Information (PII) component of the Act.
More than backup and recovery
However, PoPI Act compliance extends beyond just data backup and recovery. Organisations need to conduct a business impact assessment to ensure that, in the event of data loss, they are able to restore the required data or face financial penalties and loss of reputation.. It would be fair to describe data backup and recovery as a company's insurance policy on their data.
What the PII component of the PoPI Act has brought to light is that not only is it important to be aware of what data organisations are backing up, but that they also need to know what data they are creating, generating and protecting in their environment.
So from this perspective, it goes beyond backup and recovery, because we will eventually reach a point where companies will have to prove that they can report on sensitive data, as well as destroy this data in their various environments.
No evidence of compliance
Of course, a business can be negatively impacted if customer information is not properly protected during a backup. If the data is not protected and is destroyed, the company has no way of proving to a customer – in terms of the POPI Act – that their data has been appropriately disposed of. So, although the data isn't there, there would be no evidence of its destruction and that would be a breach of the Act.
At the same time, it is quite a challenging task for any organisation to gain an effective understanding of their organisational data, or to report on what data is sensitive from a PoPI Act perspective. An organisation would either need to understand the nuts and bolts of every single IT application that generates data, or they would need a tool to scour their environment and do data discovery for PII.
Fortunately, tools are being released that give organisations the ability to discover data and draw up a dashboard to see where geographically their data is located if the organisation has geographic points. These tools can highlight any sensitive data or PII they find and inform the company what should be done with it.
PoPI Act compliance can be a very daunting task, but at least we have the advantage of learning lessons from other countries that have been through the process to comply with the requirements of the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Furthermore, a data management solution can significantly simplify the complexities that go hand-in-hand with the onerous exercise of compliance.


text:
Nonlinear Vibration of Laminated Plates Using a Refined Shear Flexible Finite Element
A finite element model based on a higher order shear deformation theory is developed to study the large amplitude-free vibration of laminated composite plates. The large deformation is accounted for by using von Karman strain-displacement relations. The higher order theory accounts for the parabolic variation of transverse shear strains through the thickness of the laminate. A CÂ° nine noded isoparametric element with seven degrees of freedom at each node is implemented. The direct iteration method is used to solve the nonlinear equations which are evaluated at the point of reversal of motion. A wide variety of case studies are performed to examine the nonlinear vibration characteristics of laminated plates.
R. Tenneti and K. Chandrashekhara, "Nonlinear Vibration of Laminated Plates Using a Refined Shear Flexible Finite Element," Advanced Composite Materials, Taylor & Francis, Jan 1994.
The definitive version is available at _URL_
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Keywords and Phrases
Laminated Plate; Nonlinear Vibration; Higher Order Theory; Finite Element Model; Large Amplitude
Article - Journal
© 1994 Taylor & Francis, All rights reserved.


#26 Correction of Exchange-Correlation Error (3): Hybrid Functional - Materials Square
MatSQ Blog > Quantum Espresso
2019-12-05 16:45:14
In this weekly tip, following the previous weekly tips #24 DFT+U and #25 van der Waals correction, we will learn how to correct GGA errors using hybrid functional.
1. Hybrid Functional
The methods DFT+U and van der Waals correction, which we learned from the previous weekly tip, correct the correlation part of exchange-correlation potential. Meanwhile, the hybrid functional corrects the exchange part.
The hybrid functional, such as PBE0, B3LYP, and HSE, was known as the high-accuracy correction method of exchange-correlation energy [1]. It has higher accuracy than the GGA method as it mixes the Fock exchange to the exchange-correlation functional of GGA when describing electronic structure [2]. In this time, the exchange energy approximation of GGA and HF is mixed in a different method according to the kind of hybrid functional. Unlike the GGA, the hybrid functional has a long-range interaction effect because the Fock exchange describes some part of the long-range interaction.
The hybrid functional not only corrects the total energy of materials but also serves useful in obtaining the correct electronic structure. In particular, it can almost solve the bandgap underestimation, which is the fundamental error of GGA [3]. GGA always estimates a smaller bandgap than it actually is, while Hartree-Fock always estimates larger than it actually is. Therefore, the hybrid functional that mixes them at an optimal ratio can effectively reduce the bandgap estimation error.
However, the hybrid functional consume a lot of calculation resource than GGA.
In this weekly tip, we will find out the difference between GGA and hybrid functional regarding electronic structure and calculation time through the density of states (DOS).
2. Setting Hybrid Functional in MatSQ
The keyword for hybrid functional can be set at "Scripting option: General." To use a specific hybrid functional, you should write the desired name of hybrid functional at the "DFT Functional" option in &SYSTEM Namelist. The list of available functional can be retrieved from the Documentation.
3. Precautions When Using Hybrid Functional
The calculation with hybrid functional is so complicated that it is not supported in the template mode. Therefore, you should add relevant keywords to the input script in the Manual mode for further calculation setting.
In GGA calculations, the k-point is set to obtain an electronic structure with adequate accuracy while considering efficiency. However, calculation resources are consumed excessively if the GGA k-point setting is applied to exchange energy calculation. Therefore, we should separately set the number of crystal momentum q, which is used for only Hartree-exchange calculation, by adding nqx1, nqx2, and nqx3 keywords under &SYSTEM.
Unlike the general GGA calculation, it consumes extremely high memory to calculate the exchange energy in hybrid functional DFT. Moreover, the memory size of the MatSQ server is set according to the number of cores. Hence, it is better to increase the number of cores if the calculation takes too much time or too big memory.
MatSQ provides a server with 48 cores per node. Thus, you should increase the number of nodes if you want to use more than 36 cores. Moreover, the MatSQ credit is consumed in proportion to the number of cores. Therefore, more credit is consumed when using two more nodes compared to using one node, even it takes the same time.
4. Calculation Results
We can find out the change of electronic structure when using the hybrid functional through the DOS of the silicon primitive unit cell.
👉 Check the result of calcultaion
Based on the DOS graph obtained by three functional, the entire shape of the DOS graph did not show a significant change. However, the bandgap was improved.
Check the table below for a summary of the bandgap data, calculation time, and the credits used to obtain that data.
When using HSE, we found out that PBE0 the hybrid functional can solve some of the bandgap underestimation problems of PBE. However, the calculation time increased more than 10 times. In GGA, the calculation time is generally proportional to three squares of the number of atoms, but the calculation time might be increased more than five squares when using the hybrid functional.
For example, the silicon primitive unit cell, which is the calculation model used in this example, consisted of just two atoms, but it consumed around 50 min in using the hybrid functional.
Therefore, while hybrid provides better results, you need to be careful of the consumption of computing resources.
We checked the changed electronic structure when using the hybrid functional as well as the precautions of calculation and increased calculation time. Moreover, the hybrid functional DFT can provide improved results, but it needs to be careful because of the high consumption of computing resources.
In MatSQ, you can apply the hybrid functional at the simple structure to obtain an improved DFT result!
Thank you for your interest in Materials Square weekly tips until now.
We are ending the weekly tip season 1 with this weekly tip as the last one. However, we will come back season 2 with more content. Thank you!
[1] Martin, R. M., & Martin, R. M. (2004). Electronic structure: basic theory and practical methods. Cambridge university press.
[2] Paier, J., Marsman, M., Hummer, K., Kresse, G., Gerber, I. C., & Ángyán, J. G. (2006). Screened hybrid density functionals applied to solids. The Journal of chemical physics, 124(15), 154709.
[3] Jain, M., Chelikowsky, J. R., & Louie, S. G. (2011). Reliability of hybrid functionals in predicting band gaps. Physical review letters, 107(21), 216806.
Materials Square
Sign up for free & Get $10!
🚀 Go to Materials Square
Creative Commons Attribution-Nonprofit-ShareAlike 4.0
This post is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Nonprofit-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
frolep rotrem - 2020-01-12 13:15:01
Malg Eum Yu - 2020-01-13 10:37:53
Thank you so much!
Djamel - 2020-07-23 12:08:50
I need tutorial for calculation a spontanus polarization of 2D materials whith quantum espresso. Thank you


How do I add a comment in Jira?
How do I add a comment to a JIRA issue?
This page is relevant for anywhere you see the new Jira issue view. For information on the old issue view, take a look at Editing and collaborating on issues.
To link to comments and work entries:
 1. Go to the issue view of an issue.
 2. Hover over a comment or work entry.
 3. Click copy ( ).
 4. Paste the link to your team.
How do you add a comment on Wikipedia?
Go to the Confluence wiki page you want to comment. Click Add on the top, right-hand corner of the screen and select Comment. Type in your text/comment. Click the Post button to save your comment on that page.
How do I add a description in Jira?
Enter JIRA, press the 'g' key twice and type 'custom fields'.
 1. Click on the button 'Add Custom Field', on the top right corner.
 2. Select a text field (multi-line or single line). …
 3. Give it a name and, optionally, a description.
 4. Click on Create.
 5. Select the project(s) checkboxes in which you want to include your custom field.
IT IS INTERESTING: What does a JIRA administrator do?
How do I add multiple labels in Jira?
You can add multiple labels by typing them in, separated by spaces. This also means your labels cannot contain spaces. In order to create multiple-word labels, you should use hyphens or underscores.
How do I view an issue in Jira?
To watch an issue, open it and click the watch icon at the top right.
How do you reply to a fandom comment?
If you would like to reply to a comment, simply click in the reply box. Your reply will show below the comment.
How do I resolve a comment in Confluence?
Inline Comments in Confluence
Once you've added your feedback, you can resolve comments simply by clicking 'Resolve'. This fun, one-click solution allows users to add their comments while viewing the relevant section of text – eliminating the need to scroll down to the comments section.
How do I hide text in Wikipedia?
To make a hidden comment, simply type around the text which one wants to hide, like
How do I create a custom field in Jira?
To create custom field in Jira:
 1. Go to Jira Administration > Issues.
 2. Select Custom fields from the menu in the Fields section.
 3. Click Add custom field.
 4. Depending on the type of custom fields, select: …
 5. Click Next.
 6. Configure the selection criteria for the field. …
 7. Click Create.
How do I create a ticket template in Jira?
2 answers
 1. You can create new jira project, configure the custom schemes and call them as say 'Dept A template'.
 2. While creating a new project, select 'Create with shared configuration'
 3. And select 'Dept A template' project as source project and proceed with the creation.
IT IS INTERESTING: What type of issues can be handled in Jira?
How do I create a template in Jira?
Create a template
 1. Click Create at the top of the screen to open the Create issue screen.
 2. In the Create Issue dialog box, select the Template Repository project – the default repository is called Templates (TEMP).
 3. Choose Template as the Issue Type.
 4. Fill in the Summary and Description fields.
 5. Click Create.
How do I add labels in Jira?
Label an attachment
 1. Do either of the following: Go to the page that contains the attachment and choose Go to > Attachments. …
 2. Choose the Edit label icon beside the list of labels and type in a new label (existing labels are suggested as you type)
 3. Choose Add.
What is the difference between component and label in Jira?
Components are defined by project admins. Labels are more open and people-focussed, across projects.
In a team


text:
London - Dinosaurs suffered painful arthritis, scientists have revealed.
A degenerative condition similar to human arthritis was found in the jaw of a pliosaur – a sea reptile that lived 150 million years ago.
The discovery marks the first time such diseases have been found in fossilised Jurassic reptiles.
A team from Bristol University studied an eight-metre long creature found in Westbury, Wiltshire.
With a crocodile-like head and a whale-like body it hunted fish and was vulnerable only to its own kind.
But it developed an arthritis-like disease which caused its left jaw joint to erode and distort until it broke.
Dr Judyth Sassoon told Tuesday's Palaeontology journal: "That final accident probably led to her demise." - Daily Mail

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
The Puppet Show (Mu'ouxi)
The Puppet Show (kuileixi) is better known as mu'ouxi (play of wooden dolls), in the country, which has its roots in remote times. It is said that King Mu of the Zhou (c.10th century B.C.) of oral history, on his way home from a big hunt on the Kunlun Mountain, saw a choral dance performed by Yanshi, a skilled carpenter, with wooden dolls made by himself. However, it was not until the Han Dynasty that the puppet show was mentioned as a full-fledged form of amusement. Still, that puts it at least 2,000 years back in Chinese history.
based on material offered by Mr.Du Feibao
As in most other countries, three types of puppet shows are presented in China: the rod-top puppet, the marionette and the glove puppet. Of course, the first type is most popular in China. The puppet, generally less than a metre tall, is made with true-to-life features. It is raised overhead at the top of a stick by the puppeteer with one hand and manipulated by him with the other hand moving a pair of wire rods. This type of puppets generally do not show their feet.
One of the basic skills required of the operator is to be able to hold high the puppet, which weighs 2 to 3 kilograms, with one arm and to keep it either motionless or moving steadily on the same level as dictated by the scenario. Only on this basis may the puppet be convincing in its other dramatic actions.
The marionette appears on stage in full view of the audience. It is of a more complicated structure, with the head, shoulders, waist, hands and feet all jointed, movable and controlled by separate wires. During performance, it is operated from a concealed operating bridge high above the puppet.
The glove or hand puppet, rather like those in a Punch and Judy show, is also called "bag puppet" (budai mu'ou) in China. About 20 cm long, it is the smallest of the three types. Its dress is in the form of a small bag, from inside which the puppeteer's hand manipulates its postures and movements.


text:
Not only is the Seattle Aquarium the ninth largest of its kind in the United States—with more than 22 million visitors since its opening in 1977—it is also an integral center for marine conservation and education. The exhibits display stunning creatures of land and sea, and staff biologists study the aquatic tenants to conduct critical research on giant Pacific octopuses, sixgill sharks, sea otters, and other indigenous animals.
Though the Seattle Aquarium is an advanced center for research, it isn't all serious business and otters wearing lab coats—it also hosts numerous interactive exhibits and displays to please young and old alike. The Marine Mammals exhibit puts visitors up close with sea otters, playful river otters, harbor seals, and fur seals. The Pacific Coral Reef exhibit displays visually stunning and vibrant tropical fish, and the 120,000-gallon Windows on Washington Waters exhibit provides a floor-to-ceiling view of hundreds of Puget Sound fish, including salmon, lingcod, rockfish, and wolf eels.
The Seattle Aquarium also stays actively involved with the community. The aquarium's biologists partner with local divers to take an annual octopus census, and each year the center trains more than 150 volunteers to teach visitors about the ecosystems of local beaches.


text:
sarangiArticle Free Pass
sarangi, also called saran or saranga, short-necked fiddle used throughout South Asia, particularly for folk and classical Hindustani music. Measuring about 76 cm (30 inches) long, the instrument has a roughly rectangular slightly waisted body and broad fretless neck generally carved from a single piece of wood. It has three melody strings made of gut, usually tuned a fifth and a fourth apart, and 11 to 37 sympathetically vibrating metal strings. At least two convex bone bridges are required to accommodate the three melodic strings on top and the many vibrating strings below. The musician, who is seated, normally holds the instrument against his left shoulder in a vertical position and plays with an arched bow held in an underhand grip in his right hand. The cuticles (or sometimes the space on the fingernail just above the cuticles) of the left hand are pressed against the strings to sound specific pitches.
What made you want to look up "sarangi"? Please share what surprised you most...


text:
Bassett Solar Power Information & Peak Sun Hours
Solar Green Energy Summary for Bassett, Texas
Fixed Tilt Sunlight Hours: 5.3 hours per day
1-Axis Tilt Sunlight Hours: 7.4 hours per day
2-Axis Tilt Sunlight Hours: 8 hours per day
The average peak sun hours of Bassett is a crucial measurable component needed to efficiently implement a solar power system in a home or business. Put simply, peak sun hours are the hours of sunlight a day that are strong enough to be efficiently absorbed by solar panels and eventually turned into usable electricity. Not every minute of sunlight during a day is strong enough to be useful to a solar power system. Think about just minutes after the sunrises, which officially counts towards total hours of sunlight, but is usually too weak to be counted in peak sun hours because the strength of the solar insolation is not strong enough near the horizon to be absorbed and turned into electricity at an efficient rate. Times during the day like this, where the sun is out but not strong enough, are not counted as peak sun hours. In other words, the amount of peak sun hours in a location will theoretically always be less than total sunlight hours for a given day.
The equator has a latitude of zero while Bassett has a latitude of 33.3. Any city located on the equator will receive the most sunlight throughout the year because the sunlight arrives at a perpendicular 90 degree angle to the earth at the equator. The further you are from the equator the more your daily sunlight hours can vary.
There are a few ways to increase average peak sun hours per year for your solar power system. One way is to use a tracking mount solar panel instead of a fixed tilt solar panel. A 1-axis mount will track the sun throughout the sky from sunrise to sunset, giving your panel a more efficient facing direction towards the sun throughout the day. A 2-axis solar panel will track the sun in the sky throughout the day, but also change and follow the angle of the sun in the sky throughout the year. Both of these axis system solar panels will produce higher average peak sun hours than a fixed solar panel.
Weather is a big determinate of average peak sun hours each day. There are many aspects of weather that can increase or lessen the peak sun hours in a day in a particular location. For example cloud coverage is a crucial variable. And more importantly, what type of cloud coverage; thin scattered clouds will have less diminishing power on the solar insolation than thick rainy storm clouds. Sometimes long periods of sunny days are rare in certain locations, this would increase average peak sun hours for that time-frame
In Bassett you can look at the average peak sun hours of a fixed solar panel mount, which will be 5.3 hours. This number iis an estimate based on data of previous years. With a tracking mount in Bassett you could theoretically increase the amount of peak sun hours per with a 1-axis mount, and get 7.4 hours, or a 2-axis mount and potentially increase your average to 8 hours.


text:
The larval development and survival in the two subantarctic lithodid crabs Lithodes santolla (Jaquinot) and Paralomis granulosa (Molina) from the Argentine Beagle Channel were studied in laboratory cultures. In L. santolla, larval development lasted about 70 days, passing through three zoeal stages and the megalopa stage, with a duration of approximately 4, 7, 11 and 48 days, respectively. The larval development in P. granulosa is more abbreviated, comprising only two zoeal stages and the megalopa stage, with 6, 11 and 43 days' duration, respectively. In both species, we tested for effects of presence versus absence of food (Artemia nauplii) on larval development duration and survival rate. In P. granulosa, we also studied effects of different rearing conditions, such as individual versus mass cultures, as well as aerated versus unaerated cultures. No differences in larval development duration and survival were observed between animals subjected to those different rearing conditions. The lack of response to the presence or absence of potential food confirms, in both species, a complete lecithotrophic mode of larval development. Since lithodid crabs are of high economic importance in the artisanal fishery in the southernmost parts of South America, the knowledge of optimal rearing conditions for lithodid larvae is essential for future attempts at repopulating the collapsing natural stocks off Tierra del Fuego.
AWI Organizations > Biosciences > Marine Animal Ecology
Helmholtz Research Programs > MARCOPOLI (2004-2008) > POL4-Response of higher marine life to change


text:
The black famine is in their mouths.... This month is now called Hungry July. Bumhsë (yellow month) is its proper name in Irish. It is a suitable name, for the fields are yellow....-Amhlaoibh Suilleabhin
Desperate Highlanders took to poaching food. The starving cattle some had been alloted at eviction wandered off and died. Those that were stolen by landowners had to be repurchased with silver rent money called Maol. The process was called Black Maol.
Cholera spread and became an epidemic in Inverness in 1832. Whole families were found dead on the rotten straw of their beds. The people turned to the church for help, but the Church of Scotland had ministers appointed by the land owners. The Free Church of Scotland was formed in 1843 and landlords forbid Highlanders to attend. Some of those that did were sold into slavery in the Southern United States. Large sums of money were sent as kickbacks to the Free Church. (4, 3, 10, 55, 61, 118)


text:
Date of this Version
Soyprotein–jute fiber composites developed using water without any chemicals as the plasticizer show much better flexural and tensile properties than polypropylene–jute composites. Co-products of soybean processing such as soy oil, soyprotein concentrate and soy protein isolates are inexpensive, abundantly available and are renewable resources that have been extensively studied as potential matrix materials to develop biodegradable composites. However, previous attempts on developing soy-based composites have either chemically modified the co-products or used plasticizers such as glycerol. Chemical modifications make the composites expensive and less environmentally friendly and plasticizers decrease the properties of the composites. In this research, soyprotein composites reinforced with jute fibers have been developed using water without any chemicals as plasticizer. The effects of water on the thermal behavior of soyproteins and composite fabrication conditions on the flexural, tensile and acoustic properties of the composites have been studied. Soyprotein composites developed in this research have excellent flexural strength, tensile strength and tensile modulus, much higher than polypropylene (PP)–jute fiber composites. The soyprotein composites have better properties than the PP composites even at high relative humidity (90%).


text:
Definitions of fake:
- noun: something that is a counterfeit; not what it seems to be
- noun: (football) a deceptive move made by a football player
- noun: a person who makes deceitful pretenses
- verb: make a copy of with the intent to deceive
Example: "He faked the signature"
- verb: fake or falsify
- verb: talk through one's hat
Example: "The politician was not well prepared for the debate and faked it"
- adjective: not genuine or real; being an imitation of the genuine article
Example: "It isn't fake anything"
- adjective: fraudulent; having a misleading appearance
- name: A surname (very rare: popularity rank in the U.S.: #64216)
Search for fake at other dictionaries: OneLook, Answers.com, Merriam-Webster
"Works flawlessly!": RhymeZone apps for iPhone/iPad and Android!
Help, Feedback, Customize, Android app, iPhone/iPad app
Copyright © 2013 Datamuse


text:
AUTHOR JANISSE RAY LECTURES AT MIDDLE GEORGIA COLLEGE
(Cochran, GA) – Author Janisse Ray recently lectured about sustainable living to Middle Georgia College students, faculty, and community members. The event was sponsored by MGC's Learning Communities as part of their Examined Life series.
Ray said that in order to lead an ethical life, it must be examined. "It requires reading and an open mind," she said. "We especially need to examine our relationship to land, nature, and wildlife."
Ray said that we all hold six false beliefs: we have unlimited resources, the right to use those resources, our existence is purely pleasure, now is more important than later, technology will save us, and it is okay to accept convenience and ease. Ray used the destruction of the longleaf pine as an example. In 1995, there were 93 million longleaf pines; now, 99% of them are gone. "It borders on immorality," said Ray. "We are cutting the South to death."
The destruction of our land is mirrored in society, said Ray. "We become more marginalized and isolated; not knowing our neighbors and arguments at family reunions. This fragmentation leads to annihilation."
For college students, the most important question is 'how are we going to live sustainable lives,' said Ray. "What does it mean to be given this life? That is the question of your lives."
The root cause of environmental destruction is our economic system, industrial capitalism, said Ray. "The motto of the economy is more, more, more," said Ray. "The Earth can't support this."
We are in the middle of an economic system failure as evidenced by the recession and the housing crisis, said Ray. "Our system is failing because it requires more of itself to solve its own problems."
There are several solutions, said Ray. "We can come up with a new system, such as sustainability. We could also imbue ethics in our current economy because corporations should not be ruling our country."
The most direct solution to the current economy is to remove yourself from the global system into the local one, said Ray. "Learn how to do things yourself," she said. "Cook, farm, play music, and spend locally."
"Janisse Ray is one of the kindest and most generous people I've ever met," said Lorraine Dubuisson, an assistant professor of learning support/English at MGC. "She gave me goose bumps once or twice during her talk. I think her message of sustainability and preservation and the need for a radical overhaul of the way we live our lives is extremely important and powerful."
Although he didn't agree with Ray on all her points, MGC student Jesus Melchor thought she made a good suggestion about eating locally. "I've seen a documentary called 'Food Inc.' basically showing where our meat comes from and it's very disgusting," he said. "So I see why she encourages us to eat organic or homegrown food but nowadays it's very hard to live the way she does but we could all try."
Ray is the author of three works of nonliterary fiction, including Ecology of a Cracker Childhood, about growing up on a junkyard in Baxley, Ga. amidst the threatened longleaf pine forests of the Southeast. The book explores themes of family and environmental conservation. Ray, an organizer and environmental activist, is also on the faculty of Chatham University's low-residency MFA program, as well as a founding board member of Altamaha Riverkeeper.


text:
Cesar Chavez's home is designated national historic site
Cesar Chavez's California retreat has been added to the National Register of Historic Places.
Interior Secretary Ken Salazar announced the designation of the site in the Tehachapi Mountains where the labor leader lived and led the farm workers movement the last 22 years of his life.
Salazar, who called Chavez "one of the heroes of the 20th century,'' made the announcement at a gathering of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus Institute in Washington on Wednesday night.
The 187-acre Nuestra Senora Reina de La Paz in Keene, southeast of Bakersfield, served as headquarters of the United Farm Workers and Chavez's residence from 1971 to 1993. It is now home to the National Chavez Center. Chavez was buried there in 1993.
The listing is largely honorific. The site is one of a number of places in the West associated with Chavez's life that are under consideration for designation as national historic landmarks or additions to the national park system. The National Park Service staff is expected to send its recommendations to Congress early next year.
"For my father, La Paz was a personal refuge from bitter struggles in agricultural valleys and big cities, a spiritual harbor where he recharged batteries, drew fresh inspiration and prepared for the battles ahead," Paul F. Chavez, Cesar Chavez's middle son and president of the Cesar Chavez Foundation, said in a statement. "It was a place where many dedicated people spent years of their lives working with Cesar Chavez for social justice, inspiring generations of Americans from all walks of life who never worked on a farm to social and political activism."
The National Register of Historic Places includes more than 87,000 historic buildings, structures, districts, sites and objects. La Paz was nominated for listing by California's state historic preservation officer. A 12-member advisory board then recommended the designation to Salazar, who approved it after visiting the site.
As the leader of the United Farm Workers union, Chavez staged a massive grape boycott that raised awareness of the plight of predominantly Latino farmworkers. His efforts were credited with inspiring millions of other Latinos in their fight for more educational opportunities, better housing and more political power.
--Richard Simon reporting from Washington, D.C.
Photo: Villa La Paz, a conference and education center, is located at the National Chavez Center at La Paz in Keene, Ca. The site has been added to the National Register of Historic Places. Credit: Mel Melcon/Los Angeles Times


text:
I want to set up a recurring journal transaction and have not done so before. I read up on it in the documentation but have a couple questions. My intention is to go into 01.530.00 Generate Recurring each month and release the transactions. What do i select as the handling when setting up the initial Journal Transaction? Also, regarding the number of Cycles, do I include the current cycle in the count or only the number of future cycles?
Handling: Release Now (or Release Later if you want to let it loose on the system at a future date). You won't see the entry as available to generate until it's been released. (Be aware that the source entry will stay at a status of "Balanced" - so if you have report templates that look for unposted entries for month end close, you may want to modify them to exclude entries with a type of recurring.)
Number of Cycles: How many times to generate it - in total.
The original entry that you're setting up is basically used as the information that Generate Recurring Entries uses to create a clone of the entry for processing. It's never actually processed as an entry by itself. Each time it creates a new entry, it reduces the number of cycles by 1. So you want to include the total number of cycles you want to have occur.
As a side note - each entry created by the Generate Recurring will have the original batch listed in the Orig BatNbr field. This makes it easy to go back and modify the number of cycles in the future if you need to change how long the entry will be recurring.
One other odd thing about recurring entries - the period you select for the entry is the period the entry will start, and the Generate Recurring process will use the Current Cycle/Number of Cycles to figure out how many entries to create. So if you set up a recurring entry with a date 5 months ago, a current cycle of 1, and a number of cycles of 12, when you generate the recurring entry you'll get 5 entries - one for each period needed to catch up to the current posting period.
Hope that all makes sense!


text:
Broken surround loudspeaker replacement get
In General, you should replace a defective bead. In the Internet you can find numerous providers for speaker parts. In order for the surround to fit but also, you need to consider a few things.
- The size alone is not decisive. The beading also needs to match your loudspeaker model.
- There are beads made of foam and rubber. The latter have a slightly longer lifespan. In General, you should choose the Material that was previously used in your speakers.
Speaker surround repair - how it works
You have found the right bead, you can get started.
- First loosen the screws on the speaker to the chassis.
- Next, remove the trim ring.
- Now you can remove the beading. Scrape off the bead remains carefully from the speaker Chassis. For this purpose, a sharp carpet knife is best.
- Even after a thorough Scraping off glue remnants are surely present. You remove these with petrol and a brush.
- Also from the diaphragm, you need to scrape off the beading remains.
- Everything is clean, coat the membrane edge with glue. Let the glue a bit to dry, before you go any further.
- Now place the bead on the diaphragm edge and center bead. Fix it then with brackets.
- Turn to conclude, the beading between the brackets to the top and brush the top of the Chassis with glue.
- The adhesive needs about an hour to dry out.
There are other reasons why speakers do not sound clean. Crackling speakers, for example, read in a further practical tip on what to do can.


text:
18 of 18 people found the following review helpful
clay and fire,
This review is from: Alternative Kilns and Firing Techniques: Raku - Saggar - Pit - Barrel (Lark Ceramics Books) (Paperback)
This book offers the enthusiastic amateur ways of direct involvement in the firing processes using living flame, be it from gas, wood or sawdust. For the experienced ceramist it suggests ways out of established working methods with the chance of finding new and unexpected surfaces and colours by playing with fire. Commonsense precautions are given throughout,
with intriguing examples of work by many ceramists. You will need some sort of yard or garden, this is outdoor stuff!


text:
To facilitate access to and improve the discoverability of the data in our papers, Nature Medicine is making the data availability statement in our papers more prominent and its language more transparent.
Sharing of research data is a condition for publication in Nature Research journals, including Nature Medicine, and for receiving grants from many funding agencies, including the US National Science Foundation, the US National Institutes of Health, the Wellcome Trust, Research Councils UK and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Beyond this, data sharing is critical for reproducibility, the oil that keeps the wheels of science turning. The ability of researchers to reproduce the findings of scientific studies not only strengthens the confidence of the public and the scientific community in reported results, but also helps ensure that science as a whole progresses and benefits society.
Over the past decade, there have been increasing calls to improve the reproducibility of experimental findings through greater data transparency and accessibility. Nature Research journals have responded to this need and have taken steps to ensure greater transparency in data reporting, such as by asking authors to provide details about elements of experimental and analytical design that are frequently under-reported. These reporting summaries are then published alongside the final paper. We have also taken steps to improve the way data are represented in our papers: for instance, by requiring authors to present data in a format that shows data distribution and to provide full western blot images as part of the supplementary material, as well as by encouraging authors to include raw data tables with the accepted paper and to publish Data Descriptors of their datasets in our sister journal Scientific Data.
But data transparency also means ensuring accessð to the data behind published papers to the scientific community. Thus, consistent with our drive to support reproducibility and robustness in research, in 2016 we began requiring our authors to include a data availability statement (DAS) as part of the online methods section of their published papers. This statement consolidates information on the availability of data associated with the manuscript and describes whether the data are in repositories, available on request, included with supplementary information or in figure source data files. The DAS has the purpose of offering a clear path for the community to access the raw data underlying the results reported. Now, to further enhance data discoverability, Nature Research journals are increasing the prominence of the DAS by making it an independent section of the paper that is available without restriction to all readers.
Taking this initiative one step further, we at Nature Medicine will be working with authors to ensure that the DAS is detailed and transparent, provides essential information on where the data are and how they can be accessed, and discloses any restrictions that may exist with regard to making the data available to other investigators. Historically, we have accepted a minimal DAS that simply affirms that the data supporting the findings of the study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. However, our experience has been that the definition of a 'reasonable request' is often subjective and does not adequately reflect the complexities associated with the types of studies that we publish.
For instance, data associated with research involving human participants are subject to government regulations in the US (in particular, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) and the European Union (under the General Data Protection Regulation). To protect patients' privacy, measures must be taken in the collection, storage and reporting of patient information, including not just patients' consent for the use of their data for research but also deidentification of patients from their underlying data. Access to patient data—whether they are deposited in repositories with controlled access, such as the database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP) or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA), or provided upon direct request to investigators—requires additional steps of internal board review and approval to ensure that the purpose of a request is legitimate and bound to the terms consented by patients. In other cases, accessibility may be affected by concerns about commercial use of the data and sharing of proprietary technology or datasets. Therefore, we appreciate that not all data are sharable without restrictions.
While there are times when the data supporting the results in our pages cannot be freely shared, we wish to make these restrictions more apparent to our readers and we think that authors should be more transparent with regard to any restrictions on data availability that may exist. The DAS offers the proper venue for such disclosure. Authors should provide a summary of the process for requesting access to their data, identify the entity at their institution or company that will review such requests, detail how requests will be measured against privacy and/or intellectual property concerns, and describe by what means data or material will be shared (for example, whether a material transfer agreement will be required).
The late US Supreme Court associate justice Louis D. Brandeis once remarked that "sunlight is said to be the best of disinfectants" with regard to maintaining the transparency of government policy and thus ensuring good governance. In a similar vein, we expect authors to be transparent about their data so that science can benefit and progress that much further and faster. We hope that the changes we are making to the DAS will raise reader awareness of this information and, ultimately, that the DAS will facilitate access and enhance the discoverability of the source data for our papers.


text:
If you've recently returned from holiday and suffered a flight delay of 3 hours or more, then you may be entitled to claim compensation from the airline under EU regulations. However, there are restrictions and exclusions.
What the law says about flight delay compensation
The right to compensation for delayed or cancelled flights was established to protect the rights of passengers and falls under European regulation EU 261/2004. The initial regulation applied to passengers who were either denied boarding or had their flights cancelled. In October 2012, however, a clarification to EU 261 allowed for passengers to also claim compensation for delays of three hours or longer.
Who can claim compensation, and who can't?
You will have a valid flight delay compensation claim if you can answer affirmatively to each of the following:
- Did your flight depart within the last 6 years?
- Did your flight take off or land in the EU, or was the flight with an EU airline?
- Were you delayed for more than 3 hours?
- Was the delay the airline's fault and not due to 'extraordinary circumstances'
[The term 'extraordinary circumstances' is a grey legal area; and some airlines have tried to take advantage of the ambiguity of the terminology. However, the law is clear.]
What events are classed as 'extraordinary circumstances?
- Acts of terrorism or sabotage
- Industrial action (strikes unrelated to airline such as baggage handlers, or air traffic control)
- Political or civil unrest
- Security risks
- Extreme weather conditions
- Hidden manufacturing defects
It should be noted that technical defects do not come under 'extraordinary circumstances' despite what many airlines have tried to claim. Guidelines published on the European Commission website may back up the airlines' claims but these are not legally binding.
What are not extraordinary circumstances?
- Airline staff late for duty or flights understaffed.
- Bad weather that affected a previous flight meaning the next aircraft was delayed.
- Denied boarding due to the flight being overbooked.
- Technical problems with the aircraft (except hidden manufacturing defects or problems caused by sabotage).
- Any other situation outside of the 'extraordinary circumstances' listed above.
How much compensation can you claim?
The amount of compensation you can claim is set out in the Regulation and the figures relate to the distance of travel and the length of the delay, rather than the cost of the ticket. This ensures that passengers are compensated for inconvenience and not reimbursed for costs paid.
Flight Delay Compensation Amounts
Flight Distance – Length of Delay – Compensation Amount
Up to 1,500km – 3 hours or more – £180
1,500 km – 3,500 km – 3 hours or more – £280
Over 3,500km – Between 2 EU member states/ 3 hours or more – £280
Over 3,500 km – 3 to 4 hours – £210
Over 3,500 km – More than 4 hours – £420
Further obligations from the airlines for passengers delayed for less than 3 hours
If passengers have been delayed by more than 2 hours then an airline has certain obligations under EU 261 while you're at the airport. They must give each passenger the following:
- Free meals and refreshments
- Two phone calls or emails
- Free hotel accommodation and transport to the hotel if the delay is overnight
If the airline refuses any of the above then you should purchase what you need and keep all your receipts as you will be able to claim it back later. All expenses should be reasonable so you are unlikely to be reimbursed for alcoholic beverages for example.
How far back can you claim compensation?
You can claim for any flight up to 6 years ago. Some airlines will say it's only 2 years but this is not correct.
If your holiday flights have been delayed and you would like further information on whether or not you may qualify for compensation, then contact Harold Stock & Co solicitors on 01457 835597 or email _EMAIL_


text:
The ideal of mass customization is to satisfy individual customer requirements efficiently. This can be realized with configurable products that can be adapted, within the bounds of pre-designed offered variation, to individual requirements. Configurators are information systems that support efficient and errorless specification of individualized products or services. Applying the Design Science research approach, a number of artifacts that support the sales configuration of physical products and services were developed with the aim of advancing the state of the art of practically applicable configurators. We present a conceptualization for configuration knowledge that unifies previous connection-based, resource-based, structure-based, and function-based approaches. The conceptualization is object oriented and treats the main concepts uniformly with respect to several criteria, including the availability of taxonomic hierarchies with refinement, abstraction, and applicability of attributes. A detailed conceptualization for representing the variable compositional structure of components and functions is included. The main artifact of this work is a novel configurator instantiation called WeCoTin. It consists of a graphical modeling environment Modeling Tool and a Web-based Configuration Tool that supports the configuration task. WeCoTin is based on a well-founded modeling conceptualization and a corresponding high-level object-oriented modeling language with clear formal semantics, provided by mapping the modeling language to weight constraint rules—a form of logic programs. The Modeling Tool enables efficient graphical modeling and includes features that support long-term management. The Configuration Tool provides Web-based sales configuration functionality. It applies an inference engine that is based on weight constraint rules to provide consistent and complete inference. Evaluation includes the characterization of 26 sales configuration models and run-time performance analysis. Enabled by the novel principles of WeCoTin, an information systems design theory for sales configurators is proposed. Recommendation technologies can support users during choice navigation. We present scenarios in which support can be offered and analyze the applicability of recommendation technologies. We propose extensions to the existing case-based feature value recommendation technologies by integrating importance weights and similarity metrics. A basic evaluation of the utility of the case-based collaborative approach was provided through an empirical study. Due to the importance of services, mass customization of services by configuration is crucial. We discuss the offered variation of configurable services in three industries and the applicability of configurators designed for physical products in the context of service configuration.
|Publication status||Published - 2014|
|MoE publication type||G2 Master's thesis, polytechnic Master's thesis|
Note regarding dissertationPhD dissertation in reality, the system only allows M.Sc.
Fields of Science
- service configuration
- configuration modeling
- design science
- information systems design theory
- palvelujen konfigurointi
- tietojärjestelmien suunnitteluteoria


text:
It is not just people crossing the ditch – a little New Zealand fern has also emigrated to Australia, and not just once but twice.
This is the first known case amongst ferns or seed plants of the same species dispersing twice across the Tasman Sea.
Hooker's spleenwort fern, or Asplenium hookerianum, is a close relative of the hen & chickens ferns. Hooker's spleenwort is widespread and common in New Zealand, but rare in Australia, with only a few, small populations in each of Victoria and Tasmania.
DNA analyses of the populations of Hooker's spleenwort were carried out by researchers from Te Papa, Massey University, and the University of Melbourne.
26 genetic variants were found in New Zealand, but only one each in Victoria and Tasmania. Not only are the Australian variants at the tips of the genetic family tree, they are more closely related to variants in New Zealand than to each other.
Many plant species are known to have dispersed across the Tasman Sea, in either direction. Numerous New Zealand species also occur in Australia (about 50% in ferns), and more have close relatives there. But, it remains an open question how common multiple dispersals within a species are.


Why does proportionality change when I remove features?
We use the term sub-compositional coherence to describe a method in which the results do not change when features (e.g., genes) are added or removed. The numerator portion of \(\rho\) (i.e., the VLR) is sub-compositionally coherent. However, \(\rho\) itself is not sub-compositionally coherent because the denominator portion of \(\rho\) (and \(\phi\) and \(\phi_s\)) scales the VLR by the variance of the centered log-ratio (clr) transformed features. The clr-transformation is not sub-compositionally coherent because the removal of a feature will change geometric mean reference for each composition (i.e., each sample) and therefore its transformation; consequently, the variance of each transformed feature vector changes too. An exception to this is when using the additive log-ratio (alr) transformation instead of clr.
Does the centered log-ratio have any limitations?
The major limitation of proportionality analysis is that its interpretation depends on the log-ratio transformation. If the majority of genes remain unchanged across all conditions, the clr approximates an unchanged reference and one can interpret results in absolute terms.
Excerpted from Erb et al. 2016:
This is known as the centered log-ratio transformation with g(x) the geometric mean over the genes for the given condition. The problem with this transformation is that it is sub-compositionally incoherent Aitchison (2003), so results will change to some extent when using subsets of genes for the analysis. In some cases, g(x) can approximate an unchanged reference. This applies whenever the majority of genes remains unchanged across conditions, so the unchanged genes will dominate the behaviour of the reference. Note that this is also the condition needed for a normalization by effective library size Robinson and Oshlack (2012).
What if the centered log-ratio isn't for me?
One option is to use a house-keeping gene or RNA spike-in that has an a priori known fixed abundance. If this is available, you can use the additive log-ratio (alr) transformation to effectively "back-calculate" absolute abundances. In practice, this is sometimes infeasible. Another option is to use a novel transformation introduced in Fernandes et al. 2013 called the inter-quartile log-ratio (iqlr) transformation.
Excerpted from the ALDEx2 vignette:
The [approach] is to include as the denominator for the geometric mean those features that are relatively invariant across all samples. This is termed the 'iqlr' method, and takes as the denominator the geometric mean of those features with variance calculated from the clr that are between the first and third quartile. This approach can be used until the asymmetry becomes so severe that more than 25% of the features are asymmetric between the groups. The iqlr approach has the advantage that it gives essentially the same answer as using the entire set of features in symmetric datasets.
Greg Gloor and I have coordinated to make the iqlr transformation and the Monte Carlo (MC) instances from ALDEx2 available for proportionality analysis in propr. You can use the aldex2propr function to build a propr object from an aldex.clr object. In practice, the code might look something like this:
counts <- as.data.frame(t(caneToad.counts))
x <- ALDEx2::aldex.clr(counts, caneToad.groups, denom = "iqlr")
rho <- propr::aldex2propr(x, how = "rho")
Note that this will average \(\rho\) (or \(\phi\) or \(\phi_s\)) across many MC instances which may or may not be desired. In theory, using MC instances should lessen the impact of zero or low counts on your final result. In practice, proportionality analysis will take a lot longer to run. Note, however, that you can also use the iqlr transformation without any MC instances:
rho <- propr(caneToad.counts, metric = "rho", ivar = "iqlr")
When using aldex2propr (or the iqlr transformation), please make sure to cite the appropriate ALDEx2 paper(s) to thank Greg for his generous contribution!
Why can't we just use the VLR by itself?
Quoting Lovell et al. 2015 (quoting Friedman et al. 2012):
Aitchison proposed logratio variance, var(log(x/y)), as a measure of association for variables that carry only relative information. When x and y are exactly proportional var(log(x/y)) = 0, but when x and y are not exactly proportional, "it is hard to interpret as it lacks a scale. That is, it is unclear what constitutes a large or small value… (does a value of 0.1 indicate strong dependence, weak dependence, or no dependence?)"
Why does my smear plot show perfectly proportional pairs?
Depending on how genes (or transcripts) get mapped, annotations with similar open reading frames (ORFs) can wrongly appear as if they have proportional abundance only because some sequences map to multiple annotations equally well. This is especially a problem when analyzing transcriptomic data: transcript isoforms tend to appear proportional with one another by virtue of their shared ORF. The discovery of proportional isoforms could reflect a real biological event (i.e., transcript isoforms under shared regulatory control) or an artifact of mapping. One could remove the set of extremely proportional pairs (e.g., \(\rho >.995\)) from the set of highly proportional pairs (e.g., \(\rho >.95\)):
rho <- perb(caneToad.counts)
autoprop <- rho[">",.995]_USER_
highprop <- rho[">",.95]_USER_
rho@pairs <- setdiff(highprop, autoprop)
 1. Erb, Ionas, and Cedric Notredame. "How Should We Measure Proportionality on Relative Gene Expression Data?" Theory in Biosciences = Theorie in Den Biowissenschaften 135, no. 1-2 (June 2016): 21-36. _URL_
 2. Fernandes, Andrew D., Jean M. Macklaim, Thomas G. Linn, Gregor Reid, and Gregory B. Gloor. "ANOVA-like Differential Expression (ALDEx) Analysis for Mixed Population RNA-Seq." PloS One 8, no. 7 (2013): e67019. _URL_
 3. Friedman, Jonathan, and Eric J. Alm. "Inferring Correlation Networks from Genomic Survey Data." PLoS Computational Biology 8, no. 9 (2012): e1002687. _URL_
 4. Lovell, David, Vera Pawlowsky-Glahn, Juan José Egozcue, Samuel Marguerat, and Jürg Bähler. "Proportionality: A Valid Alternative to Correlation for Relative Data." PLoS Computational Biology 11, no. 3 (March 2015): e1004075. _URL_


text:
Author: Eric A. Anchimbe
Paperback: ISBN: 9783631553329 Pages: 232 Price: Europe EURO 42.50
This book addresses issues of authenticity, ecology and evolution in the indigenised varieties of English. It describes Cameroon English within its own natural internal and external ecology, and analyses it as a complete medium of communication that represents a complete sociohistorical community. The framework of filtration processes introduced in the book ushers the study of post-colonial Englishes into the broader linguistic debate about the status of non-native Englishes, making it possible to study them as fruits of given sociohistorical contexts rather than as simple side effects of improper education, faulty second language learning, or non-native deficits in English proficiency.
Cameroon English - The spread of English and its quest for standards - Linguistic identity - Toward a theoretical framework for Cameroon English - Indigenised varieties of English - The filtration processes - Integrational filtration process - Attitudinal filtration process - The straightening effect - The quantity-quality value hypothesis - Pidgin English - Linguistic integration - Interference - Morphological, lexical, morpho-syntactic and semantic Cameroonianisms - Tracing the origins of Cameroonianisms.


_USER_{oai:kitami-it.repo.nii.ac.jp:00006152, author = {佐々木, 満雄 and 岡, 宏}, issue = {1}, journal = {北見工業大学研究報告}, month = {Mar}, note = {application/pdf, For the investigation of chemical proparties and structure of peat humic acid，we have compared natural humic acid with the humic acid treated with oxidizing reagents，by the aid of the infrared spectrophotometric analysis and chemical analysis. In this case，the oxidation of humic acid was carried out with H_2O_2, aq. and HNO_3 aq.. The results of the above researches were as follows. By oxidation with H_2O_2 and HN0_3 aq.，humic acid was not converted step by step to low molecular humic acid but the oxidized part of humic acid was converted to oxalic acid，CO_2 gas，and soluble organic substances in water.}, pages = {49--58}, title = {泥炭フミン酸に関する研究（第２報）}, volume = {1}, year = {1963} }


Members of Nightingale are trained especially in the use of medicinal, alchemical and herbal concoctions. Highly sought after as healers during violent conflicts for their ability to set up and maintain sanitary facilities in the field, Nightingales are driven and focused, though primarily on others.
Potions are not the only tool employed by the association, which also teaches its members advanced forms of blood magic, imminently effective in healing, though in desperate times these practices are whispered to sometimes be employed towards other, more sinister uses than mending the body.


text: Description: Baañke is a hairy vine with branched tendrils. It is known in English as the "field pumpkin." Leaves of Baañke are triangular or heart-shaped, up to 30 cm (12 in) long, with pointed, toothed lobes. The flowers are large and yellow, and the fruit is orange when ripe and regularly furrowed. Although baañke refers to the pumpkin producing plant, other varieties of this species (Cucurbita pepo) produce different vegetables such as summer squash, scallop squash, and yellow-flowered gourds (small, hard-shelled, variously shaped, ornamental fruits).


A CBC News report last winter that detailed how many university students could not accurately answer basic geography questions has inspired some academics to deal with the problem at a meeting in St. John's.
The report showed how some Memorial University students in St. John's could not identify Europe on a map, and some did not even know the name of the ocean that surrounds them.
The report was based on Memorial professor Judith Adler, who says her students consistently have trouble with basic geography.
"After this initial disclosure, other Canadian university professors have come forward, divulging that Memorial University isn't the only institution with geo-illiterate students," said a statement from the Royal Canadian Geographical Society, which is meeting this weekend with members of the Canadian Association of Geographers.
The group plans to chart a plan of action to "raise the profile of geography and to underline the importance of geoliteracy."
To that end, we put together the following quiz. Test your own knowledge on questions that run from local to global.


text: The present challenge with all-oxide thermoelectric modules is their poor durability at high temperatures caused by the instability of the metal-oxide interfaces at the hot side. This work explains a new module concept based on a hybrid p-n junction, fabricated in one step by spark plasma co-sintering of Ca3Co4-xO9+δ (CCO, p-type) and CaMnO3-δ/CaMn2O4 (CMO, n-type). Different module (unicouple) designs were studied to obtain a thorough understanding of the role of the in situ formed hybrid p-n junction of Ca3CoMnO6 (CCMO, p-type) and Co-oxide rich phases (p-type) at the p-n junction (>700 °C) in the module performance. A time-enhanced performance of the modules attributed to this p-n junction formation was observed due to the unique electrical properties of the hybrid p-n junction being sufficiently conductive at high temperatures (>700 °C) and nonconductive at moderate and low temperatures. The alteration of module design resulted in a variation of the power density from 12.4 (3.1) to 28.9 mW/cm2 (7.2 mW) at ΔT ∼ 650 °C after 2 days of isothermal hold (900 °C hot side). This new concept provides a facile method for the fabrication of easily processable, cheap, and high-performance high-temperature modules.


text:
Three Research Natural Areas (RNAs) that lie in the Snake River ACEC on the South Fork of the Snake River are managed to protect natural riparian vegetation from encroachment and from any direct of indirect modification of ecological processes. Use of RNAs is limited to non-destructive, non-manipulative research, study and observation.
The shapes and sizes of the islands (6 in all) change periodically as a result of the River's dynamic forces.
The Pine Creek RNA is actually 2 islands that lie about one mile downstream of the mouth of Pine Creek, in bald eagle nesting territory. Narrowleaf cottonwood and red osier dogwood cover the islands' 54 acres.
The most pristine of the three sets of islands, the Reid Canal RNA, consists of 3 islands (29 acres) in the South Fork, about two-and-a-quarter miles down river from the Sunnydell rookery. Red osier dogwood and reed canarygrass mix with narrowleaf cottonwood vegetation. Yellow-billed cuckoos have been spotted on the islands.
The Squaw Creek RNA is a single island (38 acres) at the mouth of the creek of the same name. It is drier than the other 2 RNAs, which can make its vegetation more susceptible to encroachment. Water birch complements narrowleaf cottonwood.


Menu Close
Data Diode Products
Comprehensive, hardware-enforced data diode cybersecurity products for commercial and industrial use, built from the ground up for seamless data availability and unhackable security.
What is Owl Data Diode
An Owl data diode goes way beyond a disabled cable; it is a hardware-based electronic device designed with two separate circuits – one send-only, and one receive-only – which physically constrain the transfer of data to one direction only and form an "air gap" between the source and destination networks. As described below, Owl provides a multi-layered, patented approach to the design of our data diodes.
Data Diode Purpose
Data diodes are used to defend networks from cyber-attacks and transfer information generated within the protected network in a one-way fashion to end-users outside the network. In this way, data can be sent to the cloud, a remote monitoring facility, support engineers, regulatory bodies or any other end-user that needs access, without creating a vulnerability or threat vector into the network. Data diodes separate and create boundaries between trusted and untrusted networks and straddle the demarcation line between them. This separation between networks is more commonly known as network segmentation. This is a basic and vital part of any comprehensive cybersecurity strategy. It is perhaps simplest to think of data diodes as digital one-way valves for data, allowing data to flow out, without a way back in. Data diodes can be used to protect very small network segments, such as an individual industrial controller, a car, or a database, or they can be used to protect a very large segment, such as an entire nuclear power plant.
Data Diode Products by Form Factor
OPDS - 100
Multi-purpose, Medium Throughput
OPDS - 1000
Multi-purpose, High Throughput
Multi-purpose, Very High Throughput
Raw Ethernet Packets, Very High Trougput
XD Guardian
Multi-purpose, Bidirectional, Filtering
OPDS - 100D
Multi-purpose, Industrial Form Factor
Single Protocol, Lower Througpu
Bidirectional, Secure Command & Control
The Owl Perimeter Defense Solution (OPDS) product line is designed to support the Critical Infrastructure markets. These cybersecurity products are oriented around protecting the data networks and digital assets (SCADA, PLCs, DCS, databases, historians, etc.) located at various critical infrastructure facilities including plants, mines, power plants, banks, substations, credit unions, pump stations, oil rigs, etc.
The concept is to protect the control systems within the facility by creating a secure cyber perimeter around the plant so that plant operations are not interrupted, sabotaged or otherwise impacted by some kind of cyberattack. The concern is not only for threats against single facilities (i.e. a nuclear power plants, refineries) but also a coordinated, simultaneous attack that shuts down multiple power substations, freshwater delivery systems or bank branches for example; leading to significant stress, disorder, and in the minds of the attackers, chaos.


text:
When should you use
CType and when should you use
DirectCast and which one performs better? The short answer is:
DirectCast is twice
as fast for value types (integers, etc.), but identical for reference types.
The first thing to understand is that
DirectCast are not the same thing. Only
CType can convert the underlying object
to a new instance of an object of a different type. For example, you want to turn an integer into a string. Since an integer doesn't inherit a string, a new instance
String object must be created in order to store the number as a string.
CType can do this,
DirectCast cannot. Note: There are other ways
to do this too such as the
Convert.ToString method or
Dim MyInt As Integer = 123
Dim MyString1 As String = CType(MyInt, String)
Dim MyString2 As String = DirectCast(MyInt, String)
CType do have in common is their ability to convert an object to a new type based on inheritance or implementation.
For example, if you have a string but it is stored in a variable of type
Object, you can use
CType to treat that variable
as an object of type
String because type
String inherits type
Object. In this case, the underlying data in memory is not actually changing,
nor is any processing happening on that data.
Dim MyObject As Object = "Hello World"
Dim MyString1 As String = CType(MyObject, String)
Dim MyString2 As String = DirectCast(MyObject, String)
The danger: You must know what type you are dealing with before using
DirectCast. If you have a variable of type
Object and you
DirectCast to treat it as a
String, you'd better be sure that variable actually contains a
If an integer somehow found its way into that variable, an exception will be thrown.
A way to check in code if
DirectCast will work is by using the
If TypeOf MyObject Is String Then
So, assuming you are doing a conversion based on inheritance or implementation, you have a choice:
CType. Which is better?
DirectCast. According to the.NET documentation:
DirectCast does not use the Visual Basic run-time helper routines for conversion, so it can provide somewhat better
The included project runs a performance test on each scenario:
CType for value and reference types. Remember, reference types are types like Forms,
Controls, Strings, and custom classes, whereas Value types are types like integers, doubles, and custom structures. Here are the results; the numbers are in milliseconds
for 1 million iterations:
DirectCast on a reference type:
CType on a reference type:
DirectCast on a value type:
CType on a value type:
DirectCast out performs
CType for value types almost 2 to 1.
DirectCast also out performs
CType for reference types albeit by a much slimmer margin.
Note: Subsequent tests produced very similar results; try for yourself.
Another reason to use
DirectCast is that it's not VB.NET specific and is therefore more portable to other languages. So C# and other programmers might have an easier
time reading their code if they encountered


Microsoft Patents Realistic Avatars
Microsoft Patents Realistic Avatars
It appears that Microsoft plan on revamping its Avatar system after registering the patent "Avatar Individualised by Physical Characteristics".
Microsofts aim is to eliminate the sense of artificiality, allowing people to see if other players portray themselves as they actually are, as well as encouraging exercise.
The Patent states:
"An Avatar generator for a virtual environment reflects a physiological characteristic of the user, injecting a degree of reality into the capabilities or appearance.
"Thereby, many of the incentives of the real world are replicated in a virtual environment.
"Physiological data that reflect a degree of health of the real person can be linked to rewards of capabilities of a gaming Avatar, an amount of time budgeted to play, or a visible indication.
Thereby, people are encouraged to exercise. Physiological data that reflect the health and perhaps also mood also improve social interaction in virtual environments.
"People seeking to meet and become acquainted with particular types of people are not thwarted by the artificiality of Avatars,"
The data can apparantly be retrieved through the use of physiological monitors that determine heart rate, blood sugar levels etc.
Article from
Related posts:
 1. Microsoft Patents New Invite System
 2. Kinect Spotted in Microsoft Store For $149, Microsoft Still Denying Price
 3. Microsoft Changes Increments of Purchasable Microsoft Points
 4. Microsoft Reveal New Xbox Live Feature
 5. Microsoft's Natal to be available on PCs
About the Author


SecureStrings and Plain Text in PowerShell
Thu, Sep 7, 2006 2-minute read
A question came up today on the newsgroup asking why the following didn't work:
PS >$secureString = ConvertTo-SecureString "Hello"
ConvertTo-SecureString : Cannot process argument because the value of argume
nt "input" is invalid. Change the value of the "input" argument and run the
operation again.
At line:1 char:39
+ $secureString = ConvertTo-SecureString <<<< "Hello"
PS >
For some background – a SecureString is a type of string that PowerShell (and.Net) keeps encrypted in memory. Even if an attacker can explore the memory on your computer (like the contents of a swap file, for example,) they cannot gain access to the secret protected by the SecureString.
Although you can pass around SecureStrings with impunity, applications must be extremely careful at the boundaries – when creating SecureStrings and retrieving the encrypted data from them. This means doing things like reading your password input character by character, then removing each character from memory as soon as possible. If the data is ever stored as a regular string, it stays in memory until the process exits.
By typing a regular string onto the command line (like in the example,) the string can no longer be made secure. That specific string stays in memory until PowerShell exits. This is why ConvertTo-SecureString only accepts the encrypted output of ConvertFrom-SecureString. Only in that way can we retain the security guarantee of SecureStrings.
That said, most people aren't that concerned about an attacker spying on their machine's memory, or digging through their Windows pagefile. In many situations, the benefit of being able to automate these situations vastly outweights the potential security risk.
For the upcoming release candidate, we've added some new functionality to allow this:
$secureString = ConvertTo-SecureString "Hello" -AsPlainText -Force
(The force flag lets you bypass the warning I just gave you :) )
Until then, you can create SecureStrings from plain text this way:
$text = "Hello World"
$secureString = new-object Security.SecureString
$text.ToCharArray() | % { $secureString.AppendChar($_) }
[Edit: Ouch… my first dupe!]


I have recently had my brain swapped with that of my pet cockatoo. I'm typing this – painfully – using my beak, while trying to distract my body by throwing seeds on the floor. It looks like it's broken my nose trying to pick it up. Good recommendations for a clinic to return my brain back?
Chirpy in LA
By "had my brain swapped" I assume that you mean that you've had that portion of your subconsciousness swapped with the cockatoo. I will be operating on this assumption for the duration of my response for the following reasons: (1) You speak as if you are self-aware as a human, while combating reflexive cockatoo behaviour. If your full consciousness was that of your pet, you wouldn't even know what a keyboard was, let alone how to use one, because cockatoos have never been all that impressed by electronics. (2) If you physically exchanged your actual brain with a cockatoo, you would have a nut-sized lump rattling around in your skull that doesn't hardwire into your neurological system properly. So you'd be dead. Your cockatoo, sporting a bizarrely-huge brain for which it cannot supply adequate oxygen with its circulatory system, would also be dead.
Assuming that this letter finds you before you kill yourself in some instinctive attempt at flight, you can do one of two things: (1) Just try reversing whatever happened to create this problem in the first place. I would only recommend a "clinic" for that procedure if there was a clinic that administered the initial swap. (2) Failing that, work at retraining your brain. Neural pathways are hard to manually rewire, but it's not impossible. Start by using your hands when typing. It should be noted that you will never fully rebuild human instincts or eradicate the cockatoo instincts. This means that you will always be a weirdo, most notably in your reproductive habits.


text:
Here you'll find the most common questions that we receive from our customers about termite fumigation. If you don't find the answer you're looking for, please click on the CONTACT link above and send us an email or give us a call. We'll be happy to answer any questions you may have.
GENERAL QUESTIONS ABOUT VIKANE
What is the typical Vikane fumigation process and how long does it take?
The termite fumigation process usually takes 24 to 48 hours. Your professional fumigator seals your home with tarps or other methods and releases a warning agent into the home. Vikane is then introduced into the structure. Your professional fumigator will carefully calculate the amount of Vikane needed, based on a variety of factors including the target pest, temperature, and size of the home.
The typical termite fumigation involves approximately 18-24 hours of exposure. After the fumigation is complete, your fumigator aerates the fumigant from the structure following label instructions, and tests the air with sensitive gas monitoring equipment to confirm that it is safe to re-enter the building.
Does Vikane leave any surface residues?
Unlike some treatment options, Vikane does not remain in the home after a termite fumigation. It completely dissipates, leaving no surface residues behind.
Does Vikane cause corrosion or other damage?
Sulfuryl fluoride in the gaseous state does not react with most materials and thus is highly unlikely to cause damage to structures or their contents when properly applied. If water condenses from the air during Vikane fumigations due to reaching the dew point because of too rapid Vikane introduction, water condensation forms, which may tarnish or stain certain materials. Fumigators are trained to use fans and introduction hoses to control the introduction rate and rapidly disperse Vikane in a structure to avoid fog-outs.
Can the air conditioning be left running during termite fumigation?
Leaving the air conditioning on is desirable when homeowners have temperature sensitive items inside the house, such as wine cellars, computers that must be kept cool, etc. In most residential homes the air conditioning may be left running during the fumigation, provided the compressor unit, which normally sits outside the structure, is NOT covered by the tarps. Window air conditioning units are not suitable to be left on because they would normally be covered by the tarps.
Is there a better time of year for termite fumigation?
In warmer weather, less fumigant is required to eliminate pests, so this is a better time to fumigate. The cooler the temperature, the greater the dosage of fumigant required to eliminate an insect pest, because the pests have lower metabolic rates. Vikane can be used unless the temperature at the site of pest activity (with the exception of rodents) is below 40˚ F. Because temperature is an important factor in determining the dosage of Vikane required, the Vikane Fumiguide calculator includes temperature as part of its calculations.
Once a home is fumigated, how long is the treatment guaranteed against future infestation?
Termite fumigation with Vikane® does not prevent future infestations.
TOXICITY AND EXPOSURE
What precautions are taken to ensure my family's safety?
Your professional licensed fumigator will do three things:
Release a warning agent to deter entry to the home.
Secure doors on your home using barricades or additional locking devices to prevent unauthorized entry.
Use specialized equipment to test the air to ensure that Vikane has dissipated, so that you may re-enter your home. The Vikane level must be below the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requirement (1 ppm or less) in all breathing zones. Therefore, as soon as the fumigator clears the structure, you may return to your home.
Is the amount of chloropicrin used during a Vikane termite fumigation harmful to people?
Chloropicrin is used at a very low application rate of 1 fluid ounce or less for every 10,000 cubic feet of fumigation space, resulting in a controlled concentration of chloropicrin within your home. After the termite fumigation period, your fumigator will aerate the Vikane and chloropicrin following rigorously tested procedures, so when you return home, you do not need to be concerned with any toxicological effects. What is chloropicrin?
Will Vikane affect my pregnancy?
Your fumigator is required to test the air in your home using specialized equipment to ensure that the Vikane level is below the EPA requirement before allowing you to re-enter your home. The EPA requirement is 1 ppm or less in all breathing zones. At such a level, no fetal effects or long-term health effects would be expected.
I double-bagged my food in Nylofume bags prior to fumigation and was careful to get all the air out, but when I returned home, the bags appeared to have air in them. Is it safe to consume the food?
It is possible that the Nylofume bags expanded yet remained airtight. If the bags were filled on a cool morning and they warmed up during the fumigation, the air would expand inside the bag. However, if there is evidence that Vikane penetrated the bag, such as holes in the bag, do not eat the food.
I consumed food that was left in the house during the fumigation. Will that cause me harm?
No adverse health effects would be expected from consumption of some food items inadvertently fumigated with Vikane. The residue that can form in unprotected food items exposed to Vikane is fluoride, which naturally occurs in food and water. Nonetheless, fumigated food should be discarded and should not be consumed because there are no legal tolerances for Vikane gas fumigant in food. If unprotected food items are consumed, and you have concerns or questions, please call our Human Exposure line at _PHONE_ (option 1) for specific medical information related to the incident.
EFFECTS ON VARIOUS HOUSEHOULD ITEMS
Do we have to drain and remove a waterbed mattress before a termite fumigation?
No, you do not have to do anything with a waterbed.
Does Vikane cause staining or discoloration of fabrics before a termite fumigation?
Vikane in the vapor phase does not cause staining or discoloration of fabric or other materials typically found in a building under fumigation.
Does Vikane react with plasma display televisions during a termite fumigation?
No - Sulfuryl fluoride was tested under laboratory conditions in the presence of various types of electronic equipment, including an assortment of computer devices. Those tests were performed at dosages far exceeding the maximum allowed on the Vikane label. Also the temperature for those tests was approximately 122 degrees F. There was no adverse malfunction to that equipment even when the equipment was left on.
Will Vikane harm my photographs during a termite fumigation?
No. Vikane has been used to fumigate commercial photographic establishments containing films and photographic papers. A brown cast has been seen on color prints developed with exposed solutions. No problems have occurred with photographic paper or plates.
If you have professional photographic materials, we recommend placing developing materials and fixing solutions in sealed bottles or creating new solutions after the fumigation. Do not leave developing materials in open trays.
What are the effects of Vikane on textiles, historical/antique artifacts during a termite fumigation?
Since first marketed as Vikane in 1961, sulfuryl fluoride has been used to fumigate more than two million buildings, including museums, historical landmarks, rare book libraries, government archives, and scientific and medical research laboratories.
Vikane does not react with common household furnishings when properly applied. This is why fumigation with Vikane is an established method used to eradicate pests infesting delicate and rare biological and historical museum artifacts.
What is chloropicrin?
Chloropicrin is a colorless liquid with a very strong odor that causes eye irritation and tearing when used in small quantities.
Why is chloropicrin used during a termite fumigation?
Chloropicrin is used as a warning agent to serve as a deterrent to unauthorized or accidental entry into a structure under termite fumigation. Unlike Vikane, which has no odor and cannot be readily detected without specialized equipment during fumigation, chloropicrin is experienced as an irritant at very low concentrations. Chloropicrin is used at concentrations that provide adequate warning without causing lingering odors or other adverse effects for homeowners or the environment.
Your termite fumigation expert will release chloropicrin into the structure at least 5 to 10 minutes prior to introducing Vikane.