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The Prirazlomnaya oil-producing platform owned by Gazprom Neft company is currently the first Russian hydrocarbon production project on the Arctic shelf. Since it was designed for the Arctic region, the platform can be used in extreme weather conditions and withstand maximum ice loads, which makes it a unique and technically complex project.
The first loading of oil from the platform to an arctic tanker was carried out in April 2014, while by 2021 the platform operator is planning to increase the rate of oil production up to five million tons. However, gained experience revealed that a marine transport system for oil export and delivery of supply cargoes to and from the platform should be improved. Taking into account the variability of the Arctic sea meteorological and ice conditions, it was necessary to increase the effectiveness, survivability, and safety of the maritime transport system.
To meet this challenge, in 2016, the experts from Krylov State Research Centre studied a transport system for the Prirazlomnaya platform, for the period up to the year 2038, using a detailed simulation model developed in the AnyLogic environment.
The marine transport system includes the platform itself, two shuttle tankers, and several offshore supply vessels. Despite the apparent simplicity, the transport system is quite specific due to several important features:
- Each of the four platform's cargo terminals has its operational limitations due to meteorological and ice conditions characterized by high variability.
- Since oil is loaded to shuttle tankers directly from the platform, together with the processing of supply cargoes, vessels of different types have to compete with each other for weather windows of terminals.
- Сargo flows of oil and supplies vary significantly both in their quantity and structure.
- The capacity of oil tanks and supply storages on the platform is limited, which is why just-in-time organization of supply and oil export processes is needed, without creating dead stocks of cargoes.
By using agent-based and discrete event modeling in the AnyLogic environment, Krylov Centre experts created a simulation model of the transport system. The model allowed them to consider all of the important technical characteristics, along with physical and logistic processes of the real system. The vessel operations between the Prirazlomnaya platform and the Murmansk port were modeled in the GIS environment, taking into account natural conditions on the route.
Several interacting computational processes were represented as separate simulation algorithms in the general simulation model:
- Cargo transportation, i.e. vessel operation according to the voyage plan.
- Generation of weather conditions and determination of cargo terminals' accessibility.
- Modeling of dynamics of filling and discharging of platform storages.
- Modeling of ship operations near the platform.
- Auxiliary stochastic processes and events, such as the addition and removal of vessels from operation, the arrival of a helicopter, etc.
To describe simultaneous accessibility of the four cargo terminals while considering their limitations, the experts created the stochastic generator of natural conditions at the area of platform location. The generator enabled them to model a time series of 15 environmental parameters, such as speed and direction of wind and current, height of waves, cloudiness, air temperature, visibility, and others, taking into account the interrelation of different parameters. For example, wind and current have an impact on speed and direction of an ice drift.
The model also described the complicated logic of multiple ship approaches to the platform, that are affected by varied weather conditions. The experts added to the model the ability to conduct consecutive operations of various types of supply cargoes, as well as unscheduled interruption of operations due to weather window termination, transition of the vessel to another terminal, or departure of the vessel beyond the three-mile border zone of the platform. Also, the model included an algorithm for a local decrease of oil production in case of a risk of a full filling of oil storage.
The following data served as input parameters: planned cargo flows of crude oil and supplies for the period until 2038, tactical voyage plan of vessel operations generated using the optimization algorithm, and average duration of ship operations.
The Krylov Centre experts analyzed eleven improving measures to increase the efficiency of the marine transport system of the platform. The list of measures included: putting into operation an additional shuttle tanker, increasing the speed of oil offloading, using an additional icebreaker, and other methods. The practical aim of the analysis was to increase the efficiency of the transport system in terms of the ratio of the cost and the achieved reduction in volumes of underproduced oil.
The volume of underproduced oil for the period from 2016 to 2038 served as the main efficiency criterion. This volume was calculated based on the number and duration of cases of reduction in volumes of oil production, which occur when storages are fully loaded and tankers cannot offload oil fast enough.
The obtained data helped the experts discover that the construction of a terminal or an additional oil storage shows an absolute effect, i.e. the absence of underproduced oil. However, the practical implementation of these measures proved to be costly and technologically complicated, which is why they were excluded from further consideration.
The simulation modeling allowed the experts to reveal that the expansion of accessibility of oil terminals has the highest positive effect on system efficiency of all the other measures. This can be achieved by implementing a range of technical measures, and by using the short weather windows for tanker cargo operations that allows for increasing the total duration of weather windows by 10-15%. However, the crucial point for system efficiency was not the total duration of accessibility periods, but the availability of a tanker to approach the platform at a desired moment of time.
The model enabled the experts to discover that putting an additional shuttle tanker into operation has no significant impact on system efficiency, because the bottleneck of the system is oil offloading under weather change, not the shortage of tankers.
The results of the study collected with the AnyLogic model helped the experts determine technical and operational characteristics for each improving measure and evaluate statistical distribution laws of all key parameters. The obtained data formed a basis for making managerial decisions at the top level of the Gazprom Neft Shelf Company.
Another project carried out by Krylov Centre experts for Gazprom Neft, with the help of simulation modeling, was the design of a maritime oil transportation system for the harsh ice environment.
Based on journal materials: «Arktika. Ekonomika I Ekologiya», 3 (27) 2017 (in Russian).


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Saturday 15 June
Flap-necked chameleon (Chamaeleo dilepis)
Flap-necked chameleon fact file
- Find out more
- Print factsheet
Flap-necked chameleon description
The flap-necked chameleon's common name derives from the large, movable flaps that protrude from either side of the upper surface of its neck (2) (4). Normally these flaps lie flat, over a bony protuberance at the back of the head called a "casque" (2), but during threat displays to deter rivals or predators, they can be raised and angled at 90 degrees to the head (2) (4). Males can be distinguished from females by their taller casques, larger flaps and by the small spurs which protrude from the hind legs of some subspecies. At rest, the flap-necked chameleon's body colouration is usually light green, brown or yellow, with a light or dark stripe extending across the flanks. The flap-necked chameleon's body is diffusely marked with numerous dark spots, which become bright yellow or orange when it is excited or ready to mate (2). Two low crests formed from large conical scales run down the centre of the upper and lower surfaces of the body (2), with the lower crest beginning at the throat and continuing unbroken over the belly (5).
- Length: up to 38 cm (2)
Flap-necked chameleon biology
Usually found amongst the branches of trees and bushes, the flap-necked chameleon will occasionally descend to the ground in order to seek out new feeding grounds or a mate (7) (8). Like other chameleon species, the flap-necked chameleon has a number of special adaptations for hunting. Its eyes are located on cone-shaped turrets, which can move independently, allowing it to look in two different directions simultaneously, while searching for its insect prey. Once spotted, prey is caught by means of the flap-necked chameleon's remarkable, extensile tongue. The contraction of special muscles within the tongue rapidly propels it towards the prey, which is snared by a combination of the tongue's sticky mucous coating and a vacuum created by muscles in the tip (9).
When threatened, the flap-necked chameleon presents a dramatic display, rocking from side-to-side, while raising its neck flaps, expanding its throat pouch and gaping its mouth (4) (5). Female flap-necked chameleons are larger than the males and outcompete them for the most favourable areas within their habitat, where prey is most abundant (8). The short mating season is the only time when females will allow males to approach them without conflict. After mating, the female once again becomes aggressive to males, turning black and butting heads with any that approach (7). After a gestation period of around one month (6), the female digs a hole in which the eggs are buried (2). While clutch sizes of up to 60 eggs have been recorded in captivity, in the wild, clutch size may be significantly smaller (2). Hatching takes place around 9 months later (5), with the young reaching sexual maturity after 9 to 12 months (2).Top
Flap-necked chameleon range
One of the most widely distributed chameleon species (2) (6), the flap-necked chameleon is found throughout almost all of southern and central Africa, with the northern limits of its range extending from Nigeria and Cameroon in the west to Somalia and Ethiopia in the east (3).Top
Flap-necked chameleon habitat
The flap-necked chameleon occupies forest, bush and grassland savannah (7).Top
Flap-necked chameleon statusTop
Flap-necked chameleon threats
The flap-necked chameleon is one of the most extensively exported chameleon species with almost 50,000 individuals exported between 1977 and 2001. The greatest demand for these chameleons comes from the U.S.A. pet trade (6).Top
Flap-necked chameleon conservation
The flap-necked chameleon is listed on Appendix II of the Convention of International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) and any international trade in this species is therefore strictly controlled and regulated by annual maximum export quotas (3). Despite its popularity in the pet trade, at the present time this species appears to be widespread and common (7). Nevertheless, without proper monitoring of the effects of harvesting for the pet trade, the flap-necked chameleon's population is at risk of undergoing a significant, but undetected, population decline (6).Top
Find out more
To learn more about reptile conservation visit:
International Reptile Conservation Foundation:
Authenticated (23/02/2009) by Edward I. Pollak, Ph.D. Department of Psychology, West Chester University of Pennsylvania.Top
- The state of being pregnant; the period from conception to birth.
- A population usually restricted to a geographical area that differs from other populations of the same species, but not to the extent of being classified as a separate species.
IUCN Red List (June, 2011)
AdCham.com (January, 2009)
CITES (June, 2011)
- Meyers, R.A. and Clarke, B.M. (1998) How do flap-necked chameleons move their flaps?. Copeia, 1998: 759 - 761.
- CarruthersV. (2005) The Wildlife of Southern Africa: A Field Guide to the Animals and Plants of the Region. Struik, Cape Town.
- Carpenter, A.I., Rowcliffe, J.M. and Watkinson, A.R. (2004) The dynamics of global trade in chameleons. Biological Conservation, 120: 291 - 301.
World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (January, 2009)
- Hebrard, J.J. and Madsen, T. (1984) Dry Season Intersexual Habitat Partitioning by Flap-Necked Chameleons (Chamaeleo dilepis) in Kenya. Biotropica, 16: 69 - 72.
- Halliday, T. and Adler, K. (2002) The New Encyclopedia of Reptile and Amphibians. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
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source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
The IE parole program provides a temporary immigration pathway for foreign entrepreneurs who have founded companies in the United States attracting venture capital or other funding that may benefit the nation by growing and adding jobs to the U.S. economy.
Under the IE program, parole may be granted to up to three entrepreneurs per start-up entity, as well as their spouses and children. Parole authorizes the beneficiary the right to enter and stay in the United States, for a specific period of time granted by DHS. The IE program is not a typical immigration pathway, but it fills a gap for entrepreneurs that more common immigration statuses do not satisfy. Entrepreneurs granted parole are eligible to work only for their start-up business, and their spouses may apply for employment authorization in the United States, though their children are not eligible for such authorization based on this parole.
International Entrepreneur parole program applicants must show that they:
- Possess a substantial ownership interest in a start-up entity created within the past five years in the United States that has substantial potential for rapid growth and job creation.
- Have a central and active role in the start-up entity such that they are well-positioned to substantially assist with the growth and success of the business.
- Will provide a significant public benefit to the United States based on their role as an entrepreneur of the start-up entity by showing that:
- The start-up entity has received a significant investment of capital from certain qualified U.S. investors with established records of successful investments;
- The start-up entity has received significant awards or grants for economic development, research and development, or job creation (or other types of grants or awards typically given to start-up entities) from federal, state, or local government entities that regularly provide such awards or grants to start-up entities; or
- They partially meet either or both of the previous two requirements and provide additional reliable and compelling evidence of the start-up entity's substantial potential for rapid growth and job creation.
- Otherwise merit a favorable exercise of discretion.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The Hate That Cures
The Hate that Cures by Evelyn Liegner gives a moment-by-moment account of the reversal of psychosis using Modern Psychoanalytic techniques. Detailed notes from sessions are used to illuminate how the patient is healed by the emotional communication of hatred within the transference and countertransference. Liegner shows how Modern Psychoanalytic interventions facilitate the ability of the ego to handle a broad range of feelings and impulses.
The techniques and theory of Modern Psychoanalysis was first introduced to the wider professional community by Hyman Spotnitz in 1961–62 in a series of postgraduate lectures given by Dr. Spotnitz at the Stuyvesant Polyclinic Hospital in New York City. Modern Psychoanalysis takes its point of departure from the problems left unresolved by Freud and his original associates.


points on curve secp256k1 form a group E(Fp) over field Fp.
p = 2^256 - 2^32 - 2^9 - 2^8 - 2^7 - 2^6 - 2^4 - 1 is prime.
n is the order of group E, n=115792089237316195423570985008687907852837564279074904382605163141518161494337
Is n prime too?
Is E(Fp) a cyclic group?
Theorem. Working over a finite field, the group of points E(Fp) is always either a cyclic group or the product of two cyclic groups.
 - n has to be a prime such that (Gx, Gy) * n = slope is infinity. Hopefully someone can answer the other part – Wizard Of Ozzie Jun 21 '15 at 0:34
The comment stating n "has to be prime" is a bit confusing.
The order of base point "has" to be prime in the sense that this is a requirement in the particular documents defining standard curves—for example, in SECG, which includes secp256k1. Bitcoin's base point order r is prime.
In SECG, it is also stated that cofactor of secp256k1 curve is 1, which makes n = r × 1, again prime. A group of prime order is obviously cyclic.
 - Thank you for your answer! So E(K) is a cyclic group, r = n is prime and then each element of E(K)* has order n --> each element could have been the base point. Is there a reason SEC chose G = 02 79BE667E F9DCBBAC 55A06295 CE870B07 029BFCDB 2DCE28D9 59F2815B 16F81798 as base point? – arulbero Jun 21 '15 at 6:37
 - _USER_ re SEC defined G: great question. Anyone know why? Why not start at x=0? – Wizard Of Ozzie Jun 21 '15 at 14:17
 - _USER_ Of Ozzie The point "O" is the only one that cannot be chosen, because order of O is 1. To generate safely a public key starting from G, G's order must be a prime number, as large as possible; in our case each element except O has the same order, n. – arulbero Jun 21 '15 at 17:42
 - 1
 _USER_@arulbero It's likely the base points in SECG were chosen randomly. It's also likely that this had led to some controversy since then. References are not very easy to locate, sorry. – akater Jun 22 '15 at 18:22
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text:
The majority of financial institutions overlook opportunities to derive full value from their regulatory-driven investments. But those who do embrace compliance as a business opportunity and elevate its stature within their organization can create a competitive advantage. Financial institutions who effectively leverage compliance activity can add value for customers, employees, community relations, market position, and positively affect their bottom line.
Download EVERFI's guide, From Checking the Box to Building the Brand: How to Use Compliance Activity to Add Value, and you'll learn:
- How to build a culture of compliance in your workplace
- Why financial education is a valuable compliance componenet
- Tips for leveraging your compliance activity to add value


How to Check a Grill Ignitor
A gas grill ignitor is similar to a spark plug in a car's engine, in that its sole purpose is to provide a spark to ignite the gas mixed with the surrounding air. A properly functioning gas grill ignitor will quickly and easily produce a flame. If your ignitor isn't lighting the grill as expected, it could be broken or the problem could be related to the amount of char and grease that has built up on the burner.
Turn off the gas supply to the cold grill by rotating the gas shut-off valve on the top of the gas tank clockwise, until it stops turning. Remove the gas supply hose from the tank by loosening the coupler with a large pair of slip-joint pliers counter-clockwise, then twisting the loosened coupler off of the tank by hand.
Open the lid of the gas grill and remove the cooking grates. Pull out all of the lava rocks from on top of the rock grate and put them in an empty 5-gallon bucket. Lift the rock grate out of the grill.
Lift the vapor guard or flame spreader off the top of the burner. Pick up any rocks that fell through the rock guard to the bottom of the grill and put them into the bucket.
Locate the ignitor collector box, which should be an open-ended rectangular guard found in the center of the burner. Inspect the ignitor wire, which passes from the ignitor inside the collector box to the ignitor button on the front panel of the grill. If any of the ignitor wire's insulation has worn off, wrap electrical tape around the exposed areas of the wire a few time to insulate it.
Position a hand mirror so you can see the tip of the ignitor in the middle of the collector box. Press on the ignitor button on the grill's control panel a few times, while watching the ignitor in the mirror. If you see a spark with each click, the ignitor is functioning properly. If no spark is visible, then the ignitor and ignitor wire need to be replaced.


The four-sided "star" or "pip" has been used to designate officer rank in the British and Australian armies for many years.
The only officer ranks in these two armies that do not contain a pip are those of major, lieutenant general and field marshal. These ranks utilize a crown rather than pips.
Although some regiments in the British Army have used their own version of the pip, the general issue pip and the one used in the Australian Army is a stylized version of the very elaborate star of the Knight Grand Cross of the military division of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath, one of Great Britain's four senior orders of knighthood. (The others being the Order of the Garter, the Order of the Thistle and the Order of Saint Patrick.)THE MOST HONOURABLE ORDER OF THE BATH (Click for Detail)
 The original badge contains the motto "Tria Juncta in Uno", which means "Three Joined in One", and refers to the union of the three kingdoms of the British Isles (England/Wales, Scotland and Ireland). If you have an older metal Australian pip, you might be able to make out the motto.
As far as I can discover, in WW1 there were 2nd lieutenants in the Australian Army, as one might expect, but in WW2 there were none, the rank existing in theory only, as all lieutenants were 1st lieutenants with two pips. Why this was so, I have not yet been able to find out. Perhaps someone out there knows. Share your knowledge with us.


This question pertains to iCLIP, but it could just as easily be ChIP-seq or ATAC-seq or mutation frequencies.
I have iCLIP read counts across the transcriptome and I wish to know if the signals are correlated - that is, where one of them is high, is the other likely to be high.
Often when dealing with such data (e.g. iCLIP data) we know that the data is generally sparse - that is at most positions both signals are zero and this is correct, and also zero-inflated - that is many bases that "should" have a signal are missing that data. So just calculating the Spearman's correlation is likely to give an artificially low value.
What might be a way to asses the association? I should add that the aim is the assess association of binding patterns within genes, rather than (or as well as) between genes.
Things I have thought of:
 - Apply some sort of smoothing to the data (eg a rolling mean). Remove any bases with 0 in both samples. Compute the spearmans.
 - Calculate the average pairwise distance between every read in sample one and every read in sample two. Compare this to data where the reads have been randomised within genes.
In the first case removing all bases with 0 in both samples seems wrong. But if 99.99% of all bases have zero in both samples, then this seems like its necessary for Spearman.
In the second case, the result seems like it would be non-intuitive to interpret. And also calculating this would be massively computationally intensive.
Honestly I'd just use multiBigwigSummary and then plotCorrelation from deepTools for this, but I'm a bit biased. There, the idea would be to consider each gene as a unit (you could instead use bins, but I don't think that would as nicely do what you want), namely by giving the tools a BED or GTF file input. It would then calculate the average signal in each gene/transcript and you could do your spearman's correlation. Features with 0 in all samples could optionally be removed (plotCorrelation --skipZeros).
While you certainly could go the whole 9 yards and use per-base comparisons, that seems a bit overkill and I suspect that it won't really yield appreciably more information (especially when one considers the additional time overhead).
 - $\begingroup$ See my clarification. - I want to look at the spatial patterns within genes, not between them. $\endgroup$ – Ian Sudbery May 18 '17 at 8:44
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_ Ah, good to know, my answer isn't applicable then. $\endgroup$ – Devon Ryan May 18 '17 at 9:02
It depends whether you want to treat the peak intensities as binary (comparing presence/absence of peaks in the sets) or continuous (comparing the relative magnitudes of the peaks).
For starting out, a simple binary comparison may be appropriate. You can use a peak caller of your choosing to identify peaks in each sample according to your desired criteria. Then you can use a similarity metric such as the Jaccard index to quantify the level of agreement among the peaks in the two samples.
One potential obstacle is that defining the boundaries of your peaks won't be totally straightforward. For example, a peak in one sample might have 2 overlapping peaks in the other sample, one on each end. A rough solution for this is to divide the genome into bins (maybe around _PHONE_ bp, depending on your desired resolution). You can treat a peak as present in a bin if more than half of the peak lies in the bin. That way, bins in one sample can be directly compared to the corresponding bins in the other sample. Obviously, this isn't the only way to do this; other appropriate methods exist too.
If you want to treat the peak intensities as continuous, you could apply a similar binning method, taking the "score" of a bin to be the average peak intensity at positions within that bin. You could then throw away all bins with no peaks or only low-intensity peaks throughout the genome. Then you could compute the Spearman's correlation for the remaining bins. I'm guessing it will be harder to find a strong correlation for continuous intensities, because of the amount of experimental variability that is inherently present.
If, after following these steps, the Spearman's correlation is still "artificially low" as you suggested, then this is likely a problem with the underlying data, not the overall analysis; maybe your two datasets actually don't agree that well.
 - $\begingroup$ I was worried about artificially low values when most observations were 0. Excluding cases where observations are 0 in both signals just didn't "feel" right. $\endgroup$ – Ian Sudbery May 18 '17 at 8:47
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_ I see. So you're also interested in the extent to which the "non-peaks" agree with one another. One possibility then is not to throw away the bins where both values are zero, and to report the Spearman correlation. However, since you said the peaks are quite sparse, your zero values will make it hard to see the extent of correlation between the true positives. I agree that it's not "right" to exclude the zero values in Spearman correlation scores, but if you instead use a metric for set intersections (like the Jaccard index) excluding zeroes would be okay. $\endgroup$ – CloudyGloudy May 18 '17 at 16:16
 - $\begingroup$ Looking at the intersection solves the sparsity problem, but not the zero-inflated one: signals from similar looking tracks tend to be close to each other, but not right on top of each other. Honestly i'm starting to think your second suggest is the best there is. $\endgroup$ – Ian Sudbery May 22 '17 at 12:25
 - $\begingroup$ That's true, but if you use the binning approach to define intersections instead of looking for strict overlap, this could help. (i.e. it counts as an intersection if the same bin contains peaks in both tracks, even if the peaks themselves don't directly overlap) $\endgroup$ – CloudyGloudy May 22 '17 at 15:37
Rather than working on the base level, you could probably work on say gene level counts. Kendall's tau, an ordinal association metric, can then be used as an appropriate correlation measure.
If $X$ and $Y$ are your iCLIP replicates, $i$ represents gene index and $(x_i, y_i)$ represents the number of RBP binding sites in $X$ and $Y$ respectively for the $i^{th}$ gene, Kendall's tau is defined as :
$$ \frac{\text{#(concordant pairs)} - \text{#(discordant pairs)}}{n(n-1)/2} $$
Where any two pairs $(x_i, y_i)$ and $(x_j, y_j)$ are concordant if:
 - $x_i > x_j$ AND $y_i > y_j$
 - $x_i < x_j$ AND $y_i < y_j$
Correspondingly they are discordant if:
 - $x_i < x_j$ AND $y_i > y_j$
 - $x_i > x_j$ AND $y_i < y_j$
 - $\begingroup$ Not sure why tex rendering is off. $\endgroup$ – rightskewed May 17 '17 at 18:13
 - $\begingroup$ See my clarification: I'm interested in the patterns within genes, rather than between them. Is tau better at dealing with data where many observations are zero? $\endgroup$ – Ian Sudbery May 18 '17 at 8:46
 - $\begingroup$ If your interest is to study the pattern within genes, does your second sample act as a replicate? I am not sure I completely understand what "within genes" would mean here. $\endgroup$ – rightskewed May 19 '17 at 10:34
 - $\begingroup$ No, I'm trying to determine if two proteins show similar within gene binding patterns. $\endgroup$ – Ian Sudbery May 19 '17 at 11:57
 - $\begingroup$ Mathjax support hadn't been activated. It now has been so your answer renders correctly. $\endgroup$ – terdon Jul 26 '17 at 16:05
It is one of my favorite stories.
Drop a glance to StereoGene software, it for genomic track correlation, it described in a preprint.
You also can run MACS or another peak caller and estimate the correlation of two interval sets using the GenomtriCorr package.
Your Answer


Pathfinder Reference Document
Pathfinder Reference Document
Deeper Darkness
School evocation [darkness]; Level cleric 3
Duration 10 min./level (D)
This spell functions as darkness, except that objects radiate darkness in a 60-foot radius and the light level is lowered by two steps. Bright light becomes dim light and normal light becomes darkness. Areas of dim light and darkness become supernaturally dark. This functions like darkness, but even creatures with darkvision cannot see within the spell's confines.
This spell does not stack with itself. Deeper darkness can be used to counter or dispel any light spell of equal or lower spell level.


Asked by: Lorretta Castromil
asked in category: General Last Updated: 2nd March, 2020
Where can I get blueprints for a house?
Click to see full answer.
Considering this, are building blueprints public record?
A blueprint is a map of a building. It ties the concept of design to the details required to erect a structure. Once the blueprints have been filed by the contractor with the municipality building department, these building plans are public records and technically attainable by anyone wanting to view them.
Beside above, how much does it cost to have blueprints drawn up? Blueprints are typically created by a draftsperson using CAD software, with some assistance from an architect. For this example, we'll look at the cost of getting blueprints for a two story, 1000 square foot addition. The average cost is $1200-$1500.
Consequently, is it cheaper to buy or build a house?
Where is the best place to find house plans?
6 of the Best Websites For Home Plans
 - Builder House Plans.
 - Dream Home Source.
 - House Plan Shop.
 - The House Plans Guide.
 - Floorplanner.
36 Related Question Answers Found
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Are building permits public information?
Do you need blueprints to build a house?
How do I check my house permits?
Can you build a house for under 50k?
Is it a bad time to buy a house?
How much would it cost to build a 1500 square foot home?
Can you build a house for 200k?
Can you build a house for under 100k?
Is it hard to get a loan to build a house?


text:
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Files formats (master, slave and backup)
Master file The master file can be freely modified, it is not encrypted. It contains all the data constituting the engine mapping. Slave file The slave file cannot be freely modified. It can only be processed by the master to which the slave tool is linked. The slave file is a file in.zip format that contains the same information as the backup file but also the data constituting the engine mapping. The information it contains is encrypted and intended to be modified by a master.
Bosch ECUs password reading
Some Bosch ECUs are protected by a password. When you perform a read, Autotuner automatically takes care of reading the password and then reads the data from the ECU. For Bosch ECUs with password, it is not necessary to proceed in two steps, Autotuner takes care of everything.
Tool serial number (ID)
To find the ID of your tool: start the software, click on the menu button. The serial number is here:
How-to decrypt slave files
If you have master tool and there are slave tools linked to your master, you may have to encrypt and decrypt files. There are 3 solutions : 1. Managing slave files with the master tool with your tool connected to your computer in USB Connect the Autotuner master tool to the USB port of your computer Launch your Autotuner software Click on "Manage Slave Files" The software monitors the "Autotuner slave files" folder located in your computer and displays all the files avail
Manually update vehicles list
The list of vehicles is automatically updated each time the application is started. Nevertheless, in order to manually update the list of the compatible vehicles, you can click on the "menu" button and then "update ecu list".
Meaning of the LEDs
Power (white) It indicates the presence of 12V output. When flashing, it means that the ECU is powered. Be extremely careful when the ECU is powered because there is a risk of short circuit with a metal object. Status (blue) It flashes to indicate that the interface is working properly. If it does not flash, it is recommended to unplug and restart the interface. USB activity (orange) It flashes when data is transferred via USB.
All the vehicles compatible with Autotuner are listed at the following address: Compatibility List
Meaning of the buttons
When you have selected a vehicle, the interface displays the operations window. Different buttons are present on this window, here are their meaning: Choose another ECU Back to the vehicle selection Identify The tool checks the communication with the connected ECU and displays the references of it. Help Access to the help interface : step-by-step instructions and ECU/OBD locations. Write Tuned file or backup: Select a file on your computer and then write it to the ECU
Use precautions - Safety
Use of Autotuner tool and its accessories implies the respect of basic safety precautions in order to reduce the risk of fire, electric shock and injury, including the following: : Avoid exposing the display to direct sunlight for long periods of time. Do not allow liquid, small particles or other foreign objects to get into the tool or accessories. Do not insert foreign objects into the connectors of the tool. The tool can not be brought into contact with water or any other fluid sour
To access the list, click on "Select a vehicle" All the vehicles compatible with Autotuner tool are represented in lists. Compatible brands Models available for the selected brand Available engines for the selected model (sorted by fuel type) Reading method available for the selected engine For advanced users, a search function is available in the upper right corner of the window. This allows you to search and then select an ECU or a specific vehicle.
Virtual Read vs Normal Read
What's a virtual read? Virtual read Some ECUs cannot be directly read. This feature is simply not implemented by the manufacturer because he never needs to read the content of the car's ECU, only flash it for updates. So, the virtual read is the only way to read the ECU data. The virtual read file is an original file that corresponds to the software number of the ECU actually installed in the car. Virtual read is fast, the file is instantly downloaded from the server in a couple of seco
Difference between master and slave tool
What's the difference between master and slave tool? Master tool With a master tool you get non encrypted files so you can modify the files by yourself or send it to any tuning files provider. Any editing software that supports binary file can be used to modify a file read with Autotuner. Slave tool With a slave tool you read and write crypted files. These files can only be modified by a specific maste


Dmitri Frolov - Ten Minutes of Silence (1995)
Average: 4.9 (20 votes)
The documentary-experimental film "Ten Minutes of Silence" is a film expression of the trends embodied in the painting by Malevich's "Black Square" and John Cage's "4'33" in music. The viewer is offered an attempt to realize the reality by giving up hearing as the main channel of perception. The film is based on the history of the twentieth century, the age of world wars, catastrophes and tragedies. It is a silent scream, a silent explosion, a silent black and white abyss. "Ten minutes of silence" - a mirror of the twentieth century, a mirror of modern civilization, a mirror of our time.
Turning off the sound is as easy as drawing a "Black Square", which inevitably occurs when the film is projected onto the screen. And just as the black color absorbing all colors, self-sufficient and inexorable, became a symbol of a new era in painting, so strange and terrible silence accompanying the film, is slightly ahead of the time, foreshadowing a fundamentally new round in the development of cinematography.
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text:
= open('save.dat', 'w') results.write(pwd) results.close() print() print(FColor.BLUE + 'Sign Up Complete!') elif(choice == '2'): try: with open('save.dat', 'r') as file: for line in file: line = line.replace('\n', '') print() if(pwd == line): print(FColor.GREEN + "Correct Password") else: print(FColor.RED + f'Incorrect Password') except: print(FColor.RED + "Couldn't read file'save.dat'")
Here's the result of running your code:
Woohoo! You have successfully created a secure password system! You can use this to create secure login pages and sign up pages without ever getting hacked!
If you want to take this project even further, here are a few examples of ways you can do so:
- This example prints out the hashed password in both byte format and string format for you to see and compare!
- This example stores the hashed password using a different hash algorithm (md5) and a custom salt!
- This example takes this workshop to the next level, using repl.it's database system, repldb. It stores the hashed passwords, using the username as a key. Then, a user can sign into their account, but only with the correct password.


Mijbil the Otter: NCERT Solutions Clas 10 English
Contents hide
1 Mijbil the Otter: Questions and Answers
Mijbil the Otter: Questions and Answers
Oral Comprehension Check (Page 106)
Question 1: What 'experiment' did Maxwell think Camusfearna would be suitable for?
Answer: Maxwell, the narrator, had gone to Southern Iraq in the year 1956. He took a fancy to the idea that instead of keeping a dog as a pet, he would go for an otter. Camusfearna was surrounded by water, so it would be an eminently suitable spot for this experiment.
Question 2: Why does he go to Basra? How long does he wait there, and why?
Answer: Maxwell went to Basra to collect and answer his mail from Europe. He had to wait there for five days as his mail had not arrived.
Question 3: How does he get the otter? Does he like it? Pick out the words that tell you this.
Answer: His friend bought the otter for him and sent it to the place where he was staying.
Maxwell liked it. This is seen in "The second night Mijbil came on to my bed in the small hours and remained asleep in the crook of my knees…….","I made a body-belt for him…".
Question 4: Why was the otter named 'Maxwell's otter'?
Answer: The otter was named by zoologists as Lutrogale Perspicillata Maxwelli. Hence, it was called Maxwell's otter in short.
Question 5: Tick the right answer. In the beginning, the otter was
i) aloof and indifferent
ii) friendly
iii) hostile
Answer: In the beginning, the otter was aloof and indifferent.
Question 6: What happened when Maxwell took Mijbil to the bathroom? What did it do two days after that?
Answer: When Maxwell first took Mijbil to the bathroom, the otter first went wild with joy in the water. He plunged and rolled in it. He jumped up and down the length of the bathtub. He made enough slosh and splash.
After two days, the otter suddenly disappeared and went to the bathroom to play in the water and opened the tap on his own.
Oral Comprehension Check (Page 108)
Question 1: What game had Mij invented?
Answer: Mij invented a game of playing with the ball in a unique way. One of Maxwell's suitcases was damaged and had a slope on the top part. Mij would put the ball on the high end and run to catch it as it slided to the lower end.
Question 2: What are 'compulsive habits? What does Maxwell say are the compulsive habits of i) school children ii) Mij?
Answer: Compulsive habits are usually strange act or behaviour which a person does without clear reason. For example, a cricket player may put on his right shoes first as he believed it would bring him good luck or a kid jumping over a fence, instead of going through the passage way. Usually, compulsive behaviour of children is of full of childhood mischief and those of adults are of incorrigible type.
i) As per this story, children must place their feet squarely on the centre of each paving block; must touch every seventh upright of the iron railings, or pass to the outside of every second lamp post.
ii) Mijbil while on its way to home would jump over the boundary wall railing and run at full speed throughout its length.
Question 3: What group of animals do otters belong to?
Answer: Otters belong to a comparatively small group of animals called Mustellines. The other animals of this group are badger, mongoose, weasel, stoat, mink etc.
Question 4: What guesses did the Londoners make about what Mij was?
Answer: As otters are not found in England, so Londoners made the wildest possible guesses about Mij. Their guesses ranged from a baby sea, a squirrel, a hippo to a brontosaurus.
Thinking about the Text (page 110, 111)
Question 1: How was Mijbil transported to England?
Answer: Mijbil was packed in a box as the airlines had directed Maxwell. As British airlines did not allow pets on board, Maxwell had to book a ticket on a different airline from Iraq to Paris and then from Paris to London.
Question 2: What did Mij do to the box?
Answer: The box was lined with a metal sheet. Mij didn't feel comfortable in the box and tried to escape. In his attempt to escape, Mij tore into the metal lining of the box and in the process hurt himself.
Question 3: Why did Maxwell put the otter back in the box? How do you think he felt when he did this?
Answer: As there was no other way to carry Mij to London, Maxwell put him in the box again. He must have felt pity on the way the otter hurt himself. Moreover, he must be worried as well.
Question 4: Why does Maxwell say the airhostess was "the very queen of her kind"?
Answer: The airhostess was very sympathetic after listening to Maxwell's story. She understood how he might be feeling and then gave him permission to take the otter out of the box. Due to all this, Maxwell referred her as "the very queen of her kind".
Question 5: What happened when the box was opened?
Answer: As soon as the box was opened, Mij ran out. Then it ran all over the place scaring all the passengers. It created a chaos and most of the people in the plane got scared.
Oral Comprehension Check (Page 110)
Question 1: What things does Mij do which tell you that he is an intelligent, friendly and fun-loving animal who needs love?
Answer: Mij invented his own game out of ping-pong ball and a worn-down suitcase. He loved water, and once he understood that on opening the tap water came out of it, he would get into the tub and play with water.
He gradually formed a special attachment with Maxwell. It grew desperate when Maxewll left him in a box and wanted to come out as soon as possible.
Question 2: What are some of the things we come to know about otters from this text?
Answer: Otters belong to a comparatively small group of animals called Mustellines, shared by badger, mongoose, weasel, stoat, mink and others. They are found in large numbers in marshes. Arabs keep them as pets and tame them. Otters love to spread water and splash in it. Maxwell's otter was of a race previously unknown to science and was at length named by zoologists as Lutrogale Perspicillata Maxwelli .
Question 3: Why is Mij's species now known to the world as Maxwell's otter?
Answer: Maxwell's otter was of a race previously unknown to science and was at length named by zoologists as Lutrogale Perspicillata Maxwelli, hence, it is known as Maxwell's otter in short.
Question 4: Maxwell in the story speaks for the otter, Mij. He tells us what the otter feels and thinks on different occasions. Given below are some tings the otter does. Complete the column on the right to say what Maxwell says about what Mij feels and thinks.
What Mij DoesHow Mij feels or Thinks
Plunges, rolls in the water and makes the water slosh and splash
Screws the tap in the wrong way.
Nuzzles Maxwell's face and neck in the aeroplane
What Mij DoesHow Mij feels or Thinks
Plunges, rolls in the water and makes the water slosh and splashHe thinks it is a hippo and is very happy.
Screws the tap in the wrong way.He chitters with irritation and disappointment,
Nuzzles Maxwell's face and neck in the aeroplaneHe eels much comfort and content after its distressed chitter.
Question 5: Read the story and find the sentences where Maxwell describes his pet otter. Then choose and arrange your sentences to illustrate those statements below that you think are true.
Maxwell's description.
i) makes Mij seem almost human, like a small boy.
ii) shows that he is often irritated with what Mij does.
iii) shows that he is often surprised by what Mij does.
iv) of Mij's antics is comical.
v) shows that he observes the antics of Mij's very carefully.
vi) shows that he thinks Mij is a very ordinary otter.
vii) shows that he thinks the otter is very unusual.
Answer: i) Ture
ii) False
iii) True
iv) True
v) True
vi) False
vii) True
Thinking about Language (Page 111)
I. Noun Modifiers
Question 1: Look at these examples from the text, and say whether the modifiers (in italics) ar enouncs, proper nouns or adjective plus noun.
i) An otter fixation
ii) The iron railings
iii) The Tigris marshes
iv) The London streets
v) Soft velvet fur


text:
Weak pulse; Absent pulse
Definition of Pulse – weak or absent
A weak pulse means you have difficulty feeling a person's pulse (heartbeat). An absent pulse means you cannot detect a pulse at all.
Linda Vorvick, MD, Family Physician, Seattle Site Coordinator, Lecturer, Pathophysiology, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc. – 2/22/2009


text:
The World Road Association (known as PIARC) was established in 1909 as a non-political, non-profit organization that aims to develop international cooperation and foster progress in the area of roads and road transport. PIARC brings together the road administrations of 121 governments and has members – individuals, companies, authorities and organizations – in more than 140 countries.
Principal PIARC activities include:
- Technical committees that pursue four-year work plans, conduct cooperative and joint studies, convene meetings, prepare reports and publications
- Major international events, such as World Road Congresses (every four years) and the Winter Road Congresses (also every four years, offset two years from the World Road Congresses.
The Transportation Association of Canada (TAC) serves as secretariat for the Canadian National Committee (CNC) of the World Road Association, while Transport Canada appoints the First Delegate to the PIARC Council.
Activities of the Canadian National Committee (CNC) include:
- disseminating communications and other information from PIARC and sharing Canadian information with PIARC for its dissemination to its other National Committees around the world
- organizing activities such as meetings, conferences and seminars
- assisting the First Delegate in identifying experts to participate in activities of PIARC technical committees and working groups
- promoting and administering CNC membership services in Canada
Membership on the Canadian National Committee is by individual, collective agency or regional authority. A Governing Task Force comprised of up to 22 CNC members reports to the TAC Board of Directors. The Governing Task Force typically meets in spring and fall, in conjunction with TAC's meeting cycle.
Create a PIARC account
Creating an account on the PIARC website is free, simple and without obligation. With an account, you can download some documents and subscribe to the PIARC newsletter.
By creating an account you gain access to:
- articles, publications (from sources such as the "Routes/Roads" magazine) and technical reports, all organized by knowledge base such as risk management;
- technical reports produced by one of the 20 PIARC technical committees;
- documents and proceedings from past international seminars and workshops;
- past Congress general reports; and
- a PIARC newsletter subscription.
Interested in gaining free access to a wealth of information on road transportation from an international perspective? Follow the steps outlined in the how-to guide.
While you are exploring the PIARC website, take note of these other useful resources that are available to everyone:
- Nine transportation dictionary resources including a dictionary of terms relating to roads and road safety as well as a lexicon.
- Links to other international transportation association websites.
- A manual of road tunnels.
- Descriptions and the option to purchase software related to: risk assessments for the transportation of dangerous goods through road tunnels (Quantitative Risk Assessment Model); and the analysis, planning, management and appraisal of road maintenance improvements and investment (HDM-4 from the International Study of Highway Development and Management).
If you have questions or comments, do not hesitate to contact us:
_PHONE_ Prince of Wales Drive, Ottawa, Ontario Canada K2C 3T2


text: The trackdisk device lets you add a software interrupt handler that will be Cause()'ed when a disk insert or remove occurs. Within the handler, you may only call the status commands that can use IOF_QUICK. You add a software interrupt handler by passing an IOExtTD to the device with a pointer to an Interrupt structure set in io_Data, the length of the structure set in io_Length and TD_ADDCHANGEINT set in io_Command. DiskIO->iotd_Req.io_Length = sizeof(struct Interrupt) DiskIO->iotd_Req.io_Data = (APTR)Disk_Interrupt; DiskIO->iotd_Req.io_Command = TD_ADDCHANGEINT; SendIO((struct IORequest *)DiskIO); Going, going, gone. ------------------- This command does not return when executed. It holds onto the IORequest until the TD_REMCHANGEINT command is executed with that same IORequest. Hence, you must use SendIO() with this command.


text:
As our populations age we will have more people experiencing low vision. This means that contrasts between objects will become an increasingly important factor in negotiating the built environment. Although standards stipulate a certain luminance contrast and levels of light (lux) for buildings, how are they measured, who measures them, and what are they measured with? This issue was investigated by a team in Norway using staircases for the case studies. They found that the tools used by builders and planners vary, and this results in different contrast and light readings for the same staircase. Other variables were also found to influence the readings, such as reflection or glare from overhead lighting. Sunny or cloudy conditions, the shadow of the measurer when measuring, and different angles and positions of the meter all bring different results.
The findings and conclusion of the study raise an important question: Are the staircases as bad as they seem in terms of not meeting the legislative requirements? Or are the requirements too difficult to fulfil? The team concluded that the answer lies with a representative group of people with low vision guiding them on understanding usability. Another case of standards being useful but not entirely effective – the users have the answer once again.
The article, Planning and Measuring Luminance Contrast in Staircases contains charts, graphs and pictures that illustrate their methods and results. The article is free to download.
L.D. Houck1, K. Gundersen, O. Strengen: Universal Design 2016: Learning from the Past, Designing for the Future. H. Petrie et al. (Eds.)
This article is published online with Open Access by IOS Press and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC 4.0). doi:10.3233/978-1-61499-684-2-382


Five ways travelling can boost your career
Taking time out to go travelling can leave a gap on your CV. But with careful planning, you can use the break to rejuvenate or kickstart your career
School of Anthias Near Soft Corals
Think about your CV before taking the plunge with a year abroad Photograph: Stephen Frink/ Stephen Frink/CORBIS
If you're going travelling after university – or as a career break – an extended period of time of unemployment can leave a gaping hole in your CV. And, with the current shortage of jobs, many people have had to re-evaluate their career options. But don't worry: as long as you plan your trip carefully and think about what you can do while on the road, travelling can actually boost your CV and career.
1. Recharge you batteries
If you've just spent three or four years at university, or working without a break, then you'll need to recharge your batteries. If you take time out to travel you'll have the opportunity to think about what's important in your life and refocus on your career. More often than not, you'll come home feeling refreshed and rejuvenated, looking forward to the next challenge.
2. Learn a new skill
If you're going on a round-the-world trip then you could be travelling from anywhere between a month to a year. This is an extremely long period of time in anyone's books, so why don't you learn a new skill while you're on the road?
Think about what employers are looking for in your industry and cater to that. All businesses and companies need candidates with a broad skill set, so look at learning another language or getting further qualifications, with the Open University for instance, to boost your CV.
3. Make contacts
When you're backpacking and travelling, try to make contacts with people who might be useful for your career. With the rise of social media, making contacts is as simple as saying "just tweet me" or "I'll add you on Facebook". The contacts you make while travelling could be your avenue into a new career – it's important to network wherever you are in the world.
4. Volunteer
Volunteering is one of the most popular activities for gap years and round-the-world trips. Not only will you make a difference to the community and society, but it'll look great on your CV. With volunteering you'll learn what it means to live and work in another country, and employers are actively encouraging it. In a YouGov survey, 63% of HR professionals said that those who have taken a constructive gap year of volunteering or working abroad had an application that stood out from the rest.
5. Get work experience
One of the hardest things to overcome when applying for a job is work experience. And it's a catch 22 situation – employers want candidates with work experience, but how can you get work experience if employers don't give it to you?
If you're finding it hard to get experience in the UK, then why not try elsewhere? You could apply for positions in Australia, Canada and New Zealand on a working holiday visa, or send off your CV to companies in Europe. If you can get a position in a foreign country for a month or two then you'll quickly become a stand out candidate.
At the end of the day, travelling will turn you into a more confident and more rounded individual. As long as you think about how travelling can boost your career before you go, you'll be able to customise a trip that'll give you new skills, relevant work experience, and most importantly, a trip that you'll enjoy.
Macca Sherifi is the travel editor of He tweets at _USER_.


Zmodo won't connect to WiFi (solved)
If you have a Zmodo camera that won't connect to Wi-Fi there's a quick fix.
Zmodo camera
Usually the issue with Internet connection is related to the frequency the camera is operating at. When your router works at 2.4Ghz and 5Ghz, the Zmodo camera can associate itself to the wrong SSID (wireless signal name). But you can fix that.
Your Zmodo camera can't connect to the Internet
That's the first thing you usually notice. There's no Internet connection.
If the Zmodo camera doesn't connect to the wi-fi router, there's no way you can have access to the video stream through the Internet, so you need to make sure the camera can associate itself with your router.
The router and Zmodo camera frequency
A Zmodo camera can operate within the frequency of 2.4Ghz and some models can also operate within the 5Ghz. Make sure which model you are using.
Zmodo Wireless Frequency
Some models such as the Zmodo EZcam 720 HD wireless can only operate at the 2.4 Ghz and sometimes that's the reason it gets stuck when associating with the router that works with both frequencies.
If your router has both frequencies available and is using the same SSID (name of the signal your devices can associate with) the Zmodo camera can get confused.
How to solve the Zmodo Wifi connection problem
To solve the problem with the Wi-fi connection, just follow the steps:
 1. Access your wireless router settings;
 2. Look for the wireless settings menu;
 3. Find the wireless signal name (SSID);
 4. Rename the SSID for the 2.4Ghz and 5Ghz (use different names);
 5. Open the security tab and make sure your router is using WPA or WPA2;
Let's say for example you have a Zmodo EZcam 720 HD that works only with the 2.4Ghz frequency but your router works with 2.4Ghz and 5Ghz frequencies.
Just rename the router SSID signal to MySignal-2.4 and MySignal-5 for example.
Now that you have the SSID with different names just go your Zmodo camera and start the connection process again and choose the correct Wi-fi SSID.
The Zmodo camera password limitation
When using the WPA or WPA2 for Wi-Fi security it's necessary to enter a password to connect to the router. That's something universal.
The issue with some Zmodo cameras is that they allow you to type a maximum of 13 characters for a password, so if your router uses a long password it won't work.
Unfortunately, the solution is to change the router password. I know you probably won't like the idea, but it is what it is. So, go ahead and just change it.
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text:
Difference Between Aiding and Abetting and Being an Accessory
- in Laws
Aiding and abetting a crime and being an accessory to a crime are both criminal offenses that carry a criminal charge that often includes jail time. Both charges may bring the need for both a bail bondsman and a criminal defense attorney. While both crimes include assisting a person in committing a crime, there are differences in the definitions of the charges. Let us take a closer look at this subject.
The difference between "Accessory to a Crime" and "Aiding and Abetting a Crime"
To aid and abet in a crime is to encourage, entice, or otherwise help someone else commit the crime. To be guilty of this act, one does not have to be present when the crime is committed. A person is guilty of the charge even if they only suggest the act of commission. When a person assists in a crime, they are also criminally charged with either being an accomplice or an accessory. This is where the definition differences apply legally. The definition of being an accessory to a crime is to help or contribute to the commission or hiding of a criminal act. Assisting, planning, or encouraging someone to commit the crime is considered an accessory before the fact. Helping someone escape or evade arrest or punishment is considered an accessory after the fact. Participating in the actual crime is not necessary in order to be considered an accessory. Whether charged with accessory before or after the fact, there are stiff legal consequences associated with either of the charges. Being legally considered an accomplice to crime also includes intentional or voluntary assistance in the commission of a criminal act. There are two main differences between this act and being an accessory. In most cases, an accessory is present at the time of the crime. Additionally, the person charged is often subject to the same punishment as the person who committed the crime while an accessory is often charged less harshly. However, either one of these crimes of aiding, or helping someone else commit a crime in any way, shape, or form, poses legal consequences for the offender.
Need for and Purpose of a Bail Bondsman
A criminal charge for crimes of aiding most often result in arrest and jail time. When a judge orders a bail amount, it is usually a high amount that is set. Often, defendants enlist the assistance of bail bondsmen to post their bail amounts so that they may remain free until their future court dates occur. The bail bondsman goes before the judge, representing a company and acting on behalf of the defendant, promising to pay the remainder of the bail amount should the defendants fail to appear at their future court date. Many people who help someone else commit a crime to enlist the assistance of a bail bondsman after they are charged and arrested.
Need for and Purpose of a Defense Attorney
When charged with a criminal offense, it is always in the defendant's best interest to hire an attorney to help. A criminal defense attorney is representing and acting on behalf of the defendant. The attorney helps ensure the defendant's rights are not violated, and assists in helping the defendant get the lightest sentence possible. An attorney possesses the knowledge and experience to accomplish this goal for the defendant he represents. Although there are differences in aiding and abetting, as well as in being an accomplice or accessory, they are all against the law. When a person breaks the law to this extent, it usually results in arrest and conviction. Enlisting the help of a bail bondsman and an attorney may become essential.


text:
Educational ELA Tablet Game for iOS
Sentence Sensibility is a word game that encourages players to learn varied, complex grammatical structures. The game has two modes. In the first mode, players are given a set of words with which they must form as many sentences as possible within a time limit. Players score more points for longer, more complex sentences. In the second mode, players use a set of words to recreate a quotation from a great work of literature. Both modes encourage experimentation with word order and syntax while providing immediate, corrective feedback to hone grammar skills
Role: Creative Direction
Published by Amplify
Developed by Schell Games
Available in the App Store.


text:
Swamp heathland covers much of the low poorly drained areas where heath and Prickly Tea-Tree are found.
The healthy woodland has some interesting plants, ranging from the taller Mealy Stringybark trees, to the understorey of attractive Hairpin Banksia, Furze Hakea and rare Swamp Bush-pea.
Foothill forests of Silvertop and Messmate are found higher up. Here you can see White-throated Tree Creepers hopping around tree trunks searching for insects. Below is a dense layer of smaller plants including Common Correa, Hop Goodenia and Dusty Miller, where Yellow-rumped Thornbills and Superb Fairy Wrens feed. Mountain Ash, the tallest flowering plants in the world, are found on the steep southern slopes in the northern end of the Park.
The insect-eating Southern Emu Wren is the smallest of the birds inhabiting the swamp heathland. It has a unique long barbless tail of only six feathers. The White-eared and Crescent Honeyeaters are two of the birds that can be seen feeding on the nectar bearing flowers of the heathlands. The raucous call of Yellow-tailed Black Cockatoos are sometimes heard as they search for wood grubs in nearby Silver Wattles on the steep southern slopes in the park's northern end.
Most of the animals in the park, such as possums, bats, owls and gliders, are active only at night. During the day you may be lucky to catch a glimpse of a Swamp Wallaby in the forest shadows or a goanna basking in the sun.


text:
Carbon steel, also called plain carbon steel, is a metal alloy, a combination of two elements, iron and carbon, where other elements are present in quantities too small to affect the properties. The only other alloying elements allowed in plain-carbon steel are manganese (1.65% max), silicon (0.60% max), and copper (0.60% max). Steel with a low carbon content has the same properties as iron, soft but easily formed. As the percentage of carbon increases, there is a tendency for the metal to harden and crack.
- CS - carbon steel
- LCS - low-carbon steel
- MCS - medium-carbon steel
- HCS - high-carbon steel
- UHCS - ultrahigh-carbon steel


A reversal theory exploration of flow process and the flow channel
Jonathan Wright, S. Wright, Gaynor Sadlo, Graham Stew
Research output: Contribution to journalArticle
This article follows on from a previous discussion paper Exploring optimal experiences: A reversal theory perspective of flow and occupational science, which argued the utility of reversal theory for increasing understanding of optimal experiences of engagement in occupation. Flow has been argued to be an optimal experience that occurs when people get so absorbed in what they are doing that they lose track of time and forget everything else. This flow channel was explored by including participants who had different self-reported skill levels in one occupation, playing a guitar. Six guitarists, who were either considered to be novice, intermediate or expert, participated in the study. Participants maintained a flow journal for a 2-week period and were interviewed approximately 1-week later. Analysis of the interview data determined the variance in what was described as flow. Reversal theory was used to frame the analysis, as it was consistent with previous findings that suggest human experience is dynamic and that there is more than one type of optimal experience. The findings of the present study suggest that the key to different optimal experiences of occupation is not a challenge/skills balance, but the combinations of metamotivational states that are at the forefront of attention, the levels of arousal and felt transactional outcomes. Those findings support the view that reversal theory may enhance the understanding of optimal experiences of occupation.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1-14
Number of pages14
JournalJournal of Occupational Science
Publication statusPublished - 16 Aug 2012
 - Flow
 - Optimal experience
 - Occupation
 - Reversal theory
 - Guitar playing
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Successful Environment Projects
Based on the results of the Lions Clubs Service Activity Report, Lions have dedicated more than 9 million hours to protecting the environment in the last ten years. Environment projects have included tree planting, recycling, education, environmental clean-up, water preservation, and green technology projects as well as involvement in environmental advocacy/governance.
- Memorial Forest (Dist. 36-O, USA): Oregon Lions worked with Lion Frank Lockyear to create a Vietnam Memorial Forest. This environment project, called "Say Yes to Trees," will plant 60,000 trees to memorialize every fallen American in Vietnam.
- International Reforestation Cooperation (Dist. J-1, URUGUAY): The Punte del Este and Montevideo Pocitos Lions Clubs created a local Joint Commission of Agriculture to promote the planting of 50 million trees. This reforestation effort grew from the club to the district level. Lions expanded the project by working with district governors in Georgia and Florida (USA) who donated pine seeds compatible with growing conditions in Uruguay.
- Trees for Africa (MD 105, ENGLAND): Lions in MD 105, in concert with the Europa Forum, financed the planting of trees in Africa through twinned clubs. European Lions financed the trees, and African Lions provided progress updates and verified the planting.
- Student Memorial Forest (Dist. 324-C2, INDIA): The Lions Club of Snehapuri donated trees for a school planting project. Each student watered his or her own tree. Name plates affixed to the saplings identified each tree.
- Recycling Center (Dist. 17-SW, USA): Lions of Stafford, KS (pop. 2,000) organized a recycling center that processes 5,000 pounds of trash every two weeks. Working with commissioners, the city engineer and other interested parties, Lions arranged for an empty building to be the recycling center, and a local waste disposal company to pick up aluminum, plastic, newspaper and glass. The unmanned facility is opened and closed daily by local police.
- Reusable Beverage Cups (Dist. 111-SM, GERMANY): At a Christmas fair, the Bad Wimpfen Lions Club initiated a concept to sell beverages in reusable cups. The achievement earned the club an environment certificate from the mayor.
- Promoting Improved Disposal (Dist. 310-B, THAILAND): Many restaurants, schools and homes dump cooking grease in waterways. Accumulated grease hardens in outbound pipes and blocks water flow or causes grease to overflow into the public drainage system. To solve this problem, the Lions devised a simple method to trap grease and collect it in a bin. Later, the grease is buried under trees as fertilizer or dried in the sun to become charcoal.
- Noise Pollution (MD A, CANADA): Canadian clubs compiled statistical data on the effects of noise pollution, which resulted in a report that serves as a prototype for clubs in other countries interested in adressing noise pollution issues.
- Multi-Faceted Program (MD 103, FRANCE): Various service projects addressed different aspects of the environment, including a recycling program, a tree planting program, the clearing of a nature trail and preservation of a species of wild birds of prey. Lions also removed air pollution damage from religious and cultural monuments, and held district seminars on improving the environment.
- Save the Himalayas (Dist. 322-B, INDIA): A bicycle rally created awareness of the environmental crisis facing the Himalaya Mountains and the Ganges River.
- Save the Rhino Project (Dist. 412, ZIMBABWE): The Lions Club of Umfuli dedicated a fundraiser to save the black rhinoceros. Contributions from the successful benefit ball totaled US$70,000.
- Hawaiian Island Clean-Up Campaign (Dist. 50, USA): The Kihei Lions Club supports annual clean up, forestation and preservation efforts on their island.
- Cemetery Clean-Up (Dist. 335-A, JAPAN): The Akashi Futami Lions Club sponsors three cemetery cleanup projects per year, where they pull weeds and pick up litter.
- Noxious Weed Eradication (Dist. 323-D, INDIA): The Miraj Lions Club organized an environment project to collect and destroy Parthenium Grass (Gajar Gawat), which poses a health threat to the community. The club paid workers to remove the grass.
- Purifying the Seas (Dist. 108-Y, ITALY): The Agrigento Lions Club created a plan to save the Mediterranean Sea in accordance with the United Nations' Blue Plan. The club sponsors lectures, holds informational programs on safeguarding the Mediterranean from pollution and holds fundraisers to support this program.
- Ecosystem Preservation (Dist. 111-NB, GERMANY): Lions aided in the reconstruction of a river ecosystem by altering the path of a local river. Lions will also help restore the river and an accompanying bird sanctuary.
- River Clean Up (Dist. 333-B, JAPAN): The Utosonomiya Lions Club cleaned a local river and then stocked it with fish.
- Potable Water (Dist. 411, TANZANIA): Local Lions clubs donated a safe drinking water system to the town of Morogoro. More than 1,000 residents have benefited from having access to safe drinking water.
- Solar Energy for a Recycling Center (Dist. 36-R, USA): The Eugene Bethel Lions Club in Oregon developed an experimental solar unit to use as an energy source for their community recycling center.
- Electric Car (Dist. 103-IP, FRANCE): Lion Michel Baury, Chairman of the National Committee on the Environment, helped develop an electric traction car. He worked with the City of Paris, and organizations including the UNEP, the Committee for the European Year of the Environment and the Electricite de France to complete his car. In 1990, he raced his car in the International Formula E Grand Prix of Touquet and a year later, entered it in the Vincennes Grand Prix.
- International Court for the Environmental Safeguard of the Mediterranean Sea (MD 108, ITALY): Lions developed an international court to preserve their water source. The court maintains a seat in Rome, and has 18 member countries. It reviews violations compromising the equilibrium of the environment or those living in the area. Sentences, arbitrations and declarations according to international rules are served to those responsible for damaging the Sea.
- Suggesting Improvements (Dist. B-9, MEXICO): The district advocated that local government agencies institute strict control of the area's air, land and water. The Lions proposed emission controls and increased oversight of landfill usage. In addition, they suggested a new sewage system to eliminate contamination of the general drainage system while effectively recycling water.
Lions Clubs International
300 W. 22nd Street, Oak Brook, IL 60523-8842


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picture on [(h1,v1)][-(h2,v2)]
picture off [,pictHandleVar&]
picture on statement initiates "picture recording" for the current output window. The
picture off statement turns off picture recording.
while picture recording is on, all drawing commands and text-display commands which are sent to the window are "recorded" in a special data structure called a picture. The internal format of a picture is identical to that of a resource of type "
PICT". After picture recording is turned off, you can display or print the picture, or attach it to a picture field, or save it to disk (as a "
PICT" resource or a "
Every picture has a frame, an imaginary rectangle which is stored as part of the picture's data structure. Usually, but not always, the picture itself is contained within the frame. The frame is used as a reference to determine how the picture should be scaled and positioned when the picture is later displayed or printed. The picture recording is cropped to the recording window's clip region, which may or may not be the same as the frame rectangle.
picture on statement, the
(h2,v2) parameters specify the upper-left and lower-right corners of a rectangle. If you specify both
(h2,v2), they define the picture's frame. Otherwise, the frame is determined as follows:
If you specify only
(h1,v1), it becomes the frame's upper-left corner; the frame's lower-right corner is set to the current lower-right corner of the window. If you specify only
(h2,v2), the picture's frame is set to the rectangle
(0,0)-(h2,v2). If you specify neither
(h2,v2), the picture's frame is set to the window's current rectangle.
picture off statement, a handle to the recorded picture is returned in
pictHandleVar&, if it's specified.
pictHandleVar& must be a long-integer variable, or a
Handle variable. The value returned in
pictHandleVar& is the same as the value returned by the
By default, drawing commands are not visible on the screen while they're being recorded. If you want the picture to be visible while you're recording it, you must call the Toolbox procedure
SHOWPEN after you start recording. If you do this,
SHOWPEN must be "balanced" by a call to the
HIDEPEN procedure, before you turn off picture recording. For example:
call SHOWPEN'show while recording
'[execute drawing commands here]
call HIDEPEN 'balance the call to SHOWPEN
Only one window can have picture-recording enabled at any given time; you cannot "nest"
picture on/picture off pairs. If you switch output windows while picture recording is on, any drawing commands sent to the new output window will not be recorded.
You cannot "temporarily" turn off the recording of a picture. Each call to
picture off completes a picture, and each call to
picture on starts a brand new picture. However, it is possible to effectively "append" one picture to another, by "inserting" an old picture inside a new one. For example:
picture off, circlePict&
'"Append" more drawing commands:
picture on'start a new picture
picture,circlePict& 'This gets recorded in new pict box 20,20 to 50,50
picture off, pictHandle& 'contains circle & box
Your program is responsible for releasing the memory occupied by pictures created with the
picture on/picture off statements. Use the
kill picture statement to do this, once you're finished using the picture handle.
Drawing commands which plot icons are not recorded in pictures.
picture function; picture statement; kill picture


What is Merchandise Marketing?
Before developing a Merchandise Marketing strategy, it helps to understand the basic definition of the term, why you should care about merchandise, and how it fits into the overall marketing mix.
What is Merchandise Marketing?
Merchandise marketing is the process of creating awareness and customer loyalty using merchandise. By merchandise, we mean any tangible item such as t-shirts, thank-you cards, gift cards, flowers, a new sports car, etc.
Merchandise marketing is similar to email marketing, tradeshow marketing, word-of-mouth marketing, or social media marketing. It's another way to get your name out there in front of prospects and existing customers.
Why should I care?
Merchandise marketing is a proven strategy. For decades companies have purchased custom-printed items and given them away at tradeshows and events. But until now, merchandise marketing was a small component of tradeshow or other forms of marketing. An afterthought, not an entire strategy of its own. Similar to Email marketing 10 years ago, merchandise marketing is a newer, emerging concept.
It's more than getting a box of shirts printed up for your next tradeshow. Merchandise marketing involves an ongoing strategy for creating awareness and customer loyalty using merchandise.
How is Merchandise Marketing different from Promotional Marketing?
Merchandise marketing and promotional marketing are similar. But promotional marketing (free t-shirts, giveaways, contests, etc) is just a subset of merchandise marketing. Merchandise marketing also includes thank-yous, referrals, incentives, and other proven uses of physical merchandise.
How does Merchandise Marketing fit into the overall marketing mix?
Merchandise marketing is just one part of the overall marketing mix. It fits in alongside other popular forms of marketing. It's simply another form of marketing, another tool in the marketer's toolbox.
Merchandise marketing can help support other methods of marketing, such as word-of-mouth and loyalty marketing. And other methods of marketing, such as email and social media marketing, can help support a merchandise marketing strategy.
Other popular forms of marketing include:
 1. FeistyFemale on August 10, 2010 at 5:07 am
 Where's the RSS feed for this blog? Not the email subscription, the other one….
 2. Casey Schorr on August 10, 2010 at 9:12 am
 Were working on redesigning the blogs look feel, the RSS icon is missing. Heres the RSS feed URL:
 3. Email Marketing on August 31, 2010 at 11:51 am
 This post gets me thinking about creative ways to showcase offers and images on my site.
 I think a lot of internet folk forget about how they use to be drawn into stores by window displays.
 Fresh article!
 4. Arianne Fuller on September 13, 2010 at 11:39 am
 For business starters, merchandise marketing is really a helpful strategy to create some buzz and gain some potential customers. It requires a lot of work and additional budget, but it pays off in the end when it's done properly.
 5. Glen Andrade on November 23, 2010 at 9:22 am
 Merchandise marketing is a great tool to help your business get noticed. It is also a great way for your loyal customers to feel proud of wearing or using a brand/service that they strongly believe. It also serves as a way for your customer to form small communities of followers by simply identifying themselves with your label.


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Life or Limb
What happens when your leg gets trapped under a building?
Doctors have swarmed to Haiti from around the world to tend to the victims of last week's earthquake, including many whose arms or legs were pinned under steel beams or slabs of concrete. Can you die from a crushed limb?
Yes. If your arm or leg were compressed for less than four hours—two hours if you're elderly or have poor circulation—there is a good chance that doctors will be able to save both your life and your limb. If you manage to survive with a compressed limb for more than eight hours—because you don't have an open fracture and haven't succumbed to fatal blood loss—then you'll almost certainly need an amputation, but the rest of you should be OK. In between those two time frames, emergency doctors face a difficult decision. They can try to save your arm or leg, but the toxins released from its damaged tissues might enter your bloodstream, putting you in grave danger of organ failure.
This all plays out in a chain reaction of systemic effects which doctors call "crush syndrome." During the first phase of crush syndrome, the limb is still trapped under concrete or another material, and thus cut off from blood flow in either direction. As a result, muscle tissue begins to die, and the collapsing cells release proteins, potassium, and lactic acid. These chemicals, which circulate through the body at much lower concentrations under normal circumstances, accumulate in the affected area. (Dead muscles also tend to harden. If the compressed limb exhibits a wooden quality similar to rigor mortis, it's likely to be amputated.)
When the concrete is lifted and circulation is restored, fluid rushes into the affected area to dilute the released electrolytes so their local concentration matches that of the rest of the body. Under normal circumstances, bodily fluids circulate through two spaces—the blood vessels and the insides of cells. But after a crushing injury—or any condition that depletes protein stores like liver failure or malnutrition—the fluid becomes sequestered in an extravascular space. (The process is known as "third spacing.") For some earthquake victims, several gallons of fluid might become sequestered in a swollen, damaged limb in the days following their rescue, resulting in dramatically increased pressure in the affected area and decreased blood pressure in the rest of the body. To prevent hypotension, which can quickly starve vital organs, rescuers often administer fluids to a crush victim through an IV drip even before freeing them. (All of this extra fluid can cause more problems. The blood can become diluted, resulting in anemia.)
While fluids flow into the injured limb, the proteins and potassium flow out into the rest of the body, posing an even greater risk to the victim. Once it gets into the bloodstream, this debris from expired muscle tissue can clog up the kidneys. Typically, one-half of those pulled from collapsed buildings experience some degree of kidney failure, and one-half of those survivors require dialysis. The increased potassium concentration can cause the heart to beat irregularly or stop altogether. Lactic acid—also from the damaged muscle tissue—decreases blood pH, exacerbating the risk of cardiac problems.
The lingering effects of crush syndrome can be deadly even days or weeks after rescue. A study of 18 patients admitted to the intensive-care unit following the 1999 Marmara earthquake in Turkey found that eight did not survive their hospital stay. Doctors in Haiti face a particularly challenging situation. Crush syndrome can be managed if electrolyte levels can be closely monitored. But medical centers were destroyed in the earthquake, modern equipment is scarce, and electricity is hard to come by. As a result, amputation–either in the field or in an operating room—is often the safest option.
Got a question about today's news? Ask the Explainer.
Explainer thanks Jim Holliman of Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Jerry Mothershead of the American College of Emergency Physicians.
Become a fan of the Explainer on Facebook.


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Progression to secondary school, female (%)
Definition: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
Description: The map below shows how Progression to secondary school, female (%) varies by country. The shade of the country corresponds to the magnitude of the indicator. The darker the shade, the higher the value. The country with the highest value in the world is Belarus, with a value of 100.00. The country with the lowest value in the world is Burundi, with a value of 30.60.
Source: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.


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9. Visitors Can Still Experience Remnants Of The Billings Mansion
Although C.K.G. Billings' mansion burned to the ground in the 1920s, Rockefeller salvaged the remaining structure and incorporated it into the park design. The massive structure which survived the fire is known as the Billings Arcade – a 50-foot arched structure which was the original driveway that meanders up the hill to the estate. It is part of a 1,600 foot long brick driveway that leads to the mansion through the Billings gatehouse – another surviving fragment renamed as the Fort Tryon Cottage.
Learn more about how a cow helped design this $250,000 driveway.


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Bused, bussed, and bust are commonly confused words that are pronounced in the same way but are spelled differently and have different meanings, which makes them homophones. We will examine the different meanings of the homophonic words bused, bussed and bust, the word origins of the terms, and some examples of their English usage in sentences.
Bused is the past tense of the verb, bus, meaning to transport on a large vehicle known as a bus. Bused is also used in North America to mean cleared the dirty dishes from a table in a restaurant. The word bused appears as though it should rhyme with the word fused; however, it does not. For this reason, some spell the past tense of bused with two s's, as in bussed–which is a word that will be discussed later in this article. Related words are bus, buses, busing. The word bus is an abbreviation of the word omnibus; it came into use in the 1830s to describe a steam-powered mode of public transportation.
Bussed is the past tense of the verb, buss, which is a word that means to kiss. However, some spell the past tense of the verb bus with two s's; this is considered a secondary, acceptable spelling that follows the English convention of doubling the consonant after a short vowel when conjugating a verb. The Oxford English Dictionary lists the verb buss as a North American word; however, it also lists the origin as dating to the 16th century, from the Middle English word, bass.
Bust is used as a noun to mean the chest or upper torso; a sculpture that includes the shoulders and head of the subject. It also refers to the chest measurement of a woman; or an arrest of a criminal, especially one involved in drugs. Bust is used informally as a verb to mean to break or burst; related words are busted, busting. The word bust has evolved over time. First, bust came into use in the late 1600s to mean a sculpture that includes the head and shoulders of the subject, from the Latin word, bustum, meaning funeral monument. In the mid-1700s, bust also came to mean a live, human torso. Finally, at the turn of the 19th century, bust came to mean to break or burst; the term was a variant of the word, burst.
About 150 kids from Tijuana were bused to the Mexican consulate in San Diego on Thursday where county nurses administered the Pfizer vaccine. (AP News)
It comes amid concern about asylum seekers being bussed from Dover to a detention centre in Scotland. (Daily Record)
Once safely across the street, I watched as Jennifer bussed the table for two young girls with flawless skin and short skirts. (Los Angeles Magazine)
An Elvis Presley bust that was swiped from a central Illinois bar has been returned after the story of its theft attracted international attention. (Boston Herald)
"Make sure they're secured in the trunk where nobody has easy access and they can't bust a window or anything to get to them," he said. (Exponent Telegram)


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Today we have a full day of ASK programs with Janie Panagopoulos, author of many books about Michigan history, among other things. E.P. Clarke Elementary, St. Joseph is hosting, the Berrien County ISD is bridging, and TWICE is sponsoring the cost for member schools participating.
Janie's stories are so interesting and funny. She has so many interesting stories to answer the students' questions. Here are some of the questions I enjoyed today:
- In the book the two boys argue all the time. How is it that two people who didn't get along ended up working together? Have you ever worked with someone you didn't get along with?
- Why did you choose boys as the main characters?
- Of all the food in the book, which do you like the best?
- One student started his question with, "I like Michigan history a lot better than I did before I read this book."
- In the book the Indians paddled without lifting their paddle from the water as a silent paddle. I think I know what you mean, but can you explain it for me?
- How did the turtle rock get to the big tree in the forest?
- We both loved your book. In our class we had to rename the chapters. How did you decide on the chapter titles?
- Do you think people will ever be able to travel in time? And what time period would you travel to?
- How do you write to meet the needs of your audience?
The questions today showed clear evidence that the teachers had worked hard with the students on writing good questions, thinking about the writing process, and understanding the Michigan history content.
Filed under: ASK Programs


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Choose any $38$ different natural numbers less than $1000$.
Prove that among the selected numbers there exists at least two whose difference is at most $26$.
share|improve this question
I don't think this question has much to do with probability or statistics, but see, for example, this question to get an idea on how this one can be approached. Maybe you should edit the tags accordingly. – Dilip Sarwate Mar 9 '12 at 16:09
1 Answer 1
Arrange the numbers in increasing order. The smallest number is $\ge 1$. If all differences between consecutive numbers are $27$ or more, then the biggest number is $\ge 1+ (27)(37)$, which is $1000$.
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Pentaho and Hadoop
Visual Development for Hadoop Data Prep and Modeling
Pentaho's visual development tools drastically reduce the time to design, develop and deploy Hadoop analytics solutions by as much as 15x, compared to traditional custom coding and ETL approaches.
- Powerful visual user interface for ingesting and manipulating data within Hadoop, and makes it easy to enrich Hadoop data with reference data from other sources.
- Option of accessing Hadoop data either directly, or through rapid visual extraction into data marts/warehouses optimized for fast response times.
- A visual tool for defining business metadata models helps developers prepare their data for analytics.
Interactive Visualization and Exploration Pentaho enables your IT department to share interactive data visualizations and exploration capabilities, allowing business users to build dashboards and run reports on their own.The Hadoop data integration and business analytics platform enables users to easily review data through:
- Rich visualization – Interactive, web-based interfaces for ad hoc reporting, charting and dashboards.
- Flexible exploration – View data through dimensions such as time, product and geography, and across measures like revenue and quantity.
- Predictive analytics – Use advanced statistical algorithms such as classification, regression, clustering and association rules to spot trends or challenges ahead of time.
Pentaho Visual MapReduce: Scalable in-Hadoop ExecutionPentaho's Java-based data integration engine works with the Hadoop cache for automatic deployment as a MapReduce task across every data node in a Hadoop cluster, making use of the massive parallel processing power of Hadoop.Pentaho can natively connect to Hadoop in the following ways:
- HDFS – Input and output directly to the Hadoop Distributed File System.
- MapReduce – Input and output directly to MapReduce programs.
- HBase – Input and output directly to HBase, a NoSQL database optimized for use with Hadoop.
- Hive – A JDBC driver that enables interaction with Hadoop via the Hadoop Query Language (HQL), a SQL-like query and data description language (DDL).
Multi-Threaded Engine for Faster ExecutionThe Pentaho Data Integration engine is multi-threaded, with each step in a job executing on one or more threads. Multi-core processors running on each data node of the cluster are fully leveraged, eliminating the need for specialized, multi-threaded programming techniques.In addition, the Pentaho Data Integration engine executes as a single MapReduce task, instead of the multiple tasks typical of machine-generated or hand-coded programs and Pig scripts. As a result, Pentaho MapReduce jobs typically execute many times faster than other methods.The table below compares performing common Hadoop tasks using traditional MapReduce programming skills and Pentaho's visual interface:
Intuitive Data Orchestration InterfaceData orchestration is made easy via Pentaho's library of graphical job flow components, which include conditional checking, event waiting, execution and notification.
Together, these components can be combined to enable visual assembly of powerful job flow logic across multiple jobs and data sources. Pentaho provides graphical drag-and-drop components for Hadoop ecosystem projects such as Sqoop and Oozie, drastically reducing the amount of time needed to use these powerful bulk-data load and workflow utilities:
- Sqoop – A tool designed for efficiently transferring bulk data between Hadoop and structured data stores, such as relational databases.
- Oozie – An open-source workflow/coordination service that manages data processing jobs for Hadoop.
Deep Support for HadoopPentaho fully supports the leading Hadoop-based distributions and supports native capabilities, such as MapR's NFS high performance mountable file system. Several distributions of Hadoop are available as open source projects and from commercial providers.