text:
Grosse Île and the Irish Memorial National Historic Site of Canada
Descriptive and Visual Dictionary of Objects
The Descriptive and Visual Dictionary of Objects
© Parks Canada
By Rosemary Campbell, National Collections Manager, Ottawa, with the assistance of Gynette Tremblay, Ethno linguist, Quebec City.
The Descriptive and Visual Dictionary of Objects was conceived in English and French as part of a national project managed by Louise Bernard, Rosemary Campbell, Richard Gauthier and Rodger McNicoll. This new publication, which is designed to educate people about Canadian material culture, includes descriptions and illustrations of objects conserved and presented in national historic sites. The project was prepared by Parks Canada teams in Ontario and Quebec with the assistance of academics and professionals in the field.
The first volume of the dictionary includes 2,000 entries, 600 illustrations and over 3,000 terms. It shows everyday objects from the past to the present, ranging from heating to hairdressing, including furniture, clothing, household items, toiletries and more, all classified according to Parks Canada's Classification System for Historical Collections.
Drawing on linguistics principle to define ethnological collections, this dictionary provides an innovative reference for the casually curious and specialists alike. It is also an invaluable tool for the identification and cataloguing of objects which reflect our rich Canadian heritage. Volume one is the first volume in a series that is sure to appeal to anyone with an interest in history, ethnology, culture, and historical objects.
A dictionary for historical object aficionados and ethnology enthusiasts!
The publication is available from:
Parks Canada Publications Service,
Heritage Presentation and Public Education Branch
25 Eddy Street, 6th Floor
Les publications du Québec
P.O. Box 1005
Tel.: _PHONE_ or _PHONE_
Fax: _PHONE_ or _PHONE_


text:
The word penitentiary was first used to mean "house of correction" in 1806. So when the Lieutenant Governor of Tasmania (known at the time as Van Diemen's Land) decided to consolidate the colony's penal settlements into one location, the inclusion of a penitentiary was fairly novel.
In fact, the rise of the penitentiary was part of the reform movements of the era, when reform societies were working to change and improve the lots of people trapped in lives of poverty or crime. The word was originally used to describe an asylum for prostitutes, where the women were not prisoners, but were actually given a safe haven, where they could be educated and reformed, so they could return to society. Many of the penitentiaries of this era were tremendously successful. (The word penitentiary came from the idea of rescuing penitents, those who regretted their lifestyles and wished to change.) Soon, the idea grew from rescuing prostitutes to rescuing anyone who wanted to escape a life on the streets.
It is because of this different concept of penitentiary that Port Arthur had both a penitentiary and a prison—they were not the same thing. It was with the idea of making useful citizens of transported convicts that the penitentiary was created. It was so good at this that Charles Darwin, when he visited, wrote with admiration of its unparalleled success in creating "active citizens" of a "new and splendid country."
In the photo of the Port Arthur settlement below, the penitentiary is the massive building that dominates the scene.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
In the case of a Linear analysis, for the distributed load to be applied to your model, you must assign a Pressure multiplier in the Multipliers tab of the Analysis Parameters dialog box. The product of the Magnitude and the Pressure multiplier updates the magnitude of the distributed load.
In the case of a Nonlinear analysis, a load curve controls the magnitude of the distributed load during the event duration. You specify the load curve number within the Creating Beam Distributed Load Object dialog box.
If you select one or more beam elements using the Selection Select Lines command and right-click in the display area, you can select the Add pull-out menu and select the Beam Distributed Loads command to add a distributed load to each beam element.
If the magnitude and direction of the load is constant across the length of each selected beam, specify the magnitude of the load per unit of length in the Magnitude field and the of the load in the Direction section. If the magnitude or direction of the load varies across the length of each selected beam, deactivate the Uniform check box and specify the magnitude of the force per unit of length at each end in the I-Node Magnitude and J-Node Magnitude fields and the direction in the I-Node Direction and J-Node Direction sections. The magnitude of the load varies linearly between the nodes. This is done on a per-beam basis.
If you are applying a non-uniform load to the beam, you can have the load start and end at any point along the beam. This is done by specifying a ratio of the length of the beam in two ratio from I-Node fields. The first field determines how far from the I-Node the load starts. The second field determines how far from the I-Node the load ends. For example, if you want a load to be applied only along the third-quarter of a beam, you specify 0.5 in the first field and 0.75 in the second field.
Specify the load curve that will be used to multiply the distributed load in the Load Case / Load Curve field. Press the Curve button to define a load curve in the, or use the Analysis: Parameters dialog. Specify an additional multiplier applied to this load in the Multiplier field.
For the load to maintain the same orientation with respect to the element as it deforms, activate the Follows Displacement check box (and the Large Displacement analysis type in the Element Definition). When using Follows Displacement, the following additional calculations are performed:


How do I remove and replace a laptop key or keycap?
Note: This document is also meant for general reference and may not apply to your laptop. If you have a desktop computer, see removing keys from a desktop keyboard steps.
Notice: Before removing any of the keyboard's keys, make sure the computer is turned off, or at the very least locked so nothing is mistakenly typed as it could cause other problems.
Removing keycap
 1. Laptop keyboard key retainerTo remove the keycap from a keyboard place your finger nail, small flat-head screwdriver, or knife under a corner of the key and gently pry the keycap up and away from the laptop.
 2. In many situations, the key only snaps out partially. If the keycap is still attached to the laptop use your fingers to remove the keycap completely.
 3. Once removed you should see the key retainer (scissor-switch) still attached to the laptop with the pad in the middle. If needed, this too can be removed from the laptop by placing the flat head of a screwdriver or a knife's edge under a corner and gently twisting until it pops off.
Replacing the keycap
Tip: If you need a new keyboard key for you laptop, has a great selection.
 1. With the key removed, carefully observe the metal hooks on the keyboard where the old key used to be.
 2. Orient the plastic hinge (new or old) so that the holes line up with the metal hooks.
 3. Insert the smaller plastic piece, usually referred to as a cup, evenly into the center of the retainer.
 4. Replace the keycap and press evenly on all four sides.
Additional information


text:
In the knock-out process, as well as in the preliminary phase of moulding sand reclamation, the issue of energy demand for the process of crushing used sand agglutinations, preferably to single grains, is particularly important. At present, numerical values of moulding sand impact resistance, which would allow energy-related aspects of this process to be forecast, are not known, as such research has not been carried out. It seems that impact resistance tested on very small cross-section samples, which allows us to very precisely reveal some unique features of a moulding sand with organic and inorganic binders, is an important parameter, which so far has not been taken into account for evaluation of mechanical properties of moulding sands. Preliminary attempts to determine impact resistance of moulding sands have been carried out as part of own research of the author. The conducted investigations aimed at determining the relationships between the obtained values of tensile strength and impact resistance of moulding sands. In addition, the effect of holding samples at temperatures of 100oC, 200oC, 300oC on the value of impact resistance was determined, both for sands made with fresh and with reclaimed sand grains.
Go to article

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


WorldCat Metadata API Sandbox Testing
The WorldCat Metadata API does not have a true sandbox environment for testing. Instead, you will be issued a sandbox Web Service Key (WSKey) that is associated with a fake institution used for testing purposes. However, even when using a sandbox WSKey, you will still be making changes to the production data in WorldCat. For this reason, please make note of the following ground rules for sandbox use of the WorldCat Metadata API.
Some operations are safer than others
Changes to the following types of records are safe when using a sandbox WSKey:
 1. Set/unset holdings
 2. Create, Read, Update and delete LBD information attached to these records
When working with holdings data or or local bibliographic data, the changes will be specific to an institution. In this case, the sandbox institution. Your changes to these kinds of records will not affect your production data or that of another institution.
Holdings Operations are limited to test records
Operations on holdings are restricted for the sandbox institution. These operations are blocked unless the record's transcribing agency (the 040 $c subfield) is a test institution. This prevents Sandbox WSKeys from modifying non-test records. Developers are assigned test records when access is provisioned.
Caution is required for changes to Master Bibliographic Records
When you make changes to Master Bibliographic Records through the WorldCat Metadata API, you are changing the production data for a cooperative catalog. This means that updates to bibliographic records held by multiple institutions will affect all holding libraries.
To mitigate the risk for your development and testing of the Metadata API, when you request a WSKey for this service you will be assigned a set of 5 records that you can use for testing purposes. These records will be uniquely yours so they are the best records to use for testing purposes.
Any new Master records created with a Sandbox WSKey will be added to the live production copy of WorldCat even if you are using a sandbox WSKey. The best way to learn how to use the Master Bibliographic Record service is to first become familiar with the record formats and data model through the Update functionality against the sandbox records you are assigned.
Merging operations
Please note that the WorldCat Metadata API also simplifies your interaction with WorldCat Master Bibliographic Records. There are many complex matching algorithms that take place behind the update and create operations that OCLC uses to ensure the high quality and integrity of the WorldCat data set. This means that if you modify one of your sandbox records in such a way that you change certain data elements, the sandbox record may be merged into other producion records used by your institution or other OCLC members. Consequently, please do not create or update the data in the following fields of your sandbox test records in ways that they will match and potentially merge with existing WorldCat records:
 - Title statements
 - Author/Creator statements
 - Identifiers such as ISBNs and ISSNs
 - OCLC numbers
Help us with debugging: transaction IDs
To better assist us with helping you debug issues you encounter, follow the reccommendations in the guide to Getting Help Debugging Your Code when requesting assistance. Additionally, send a transactionID parameter with your requests when you are testing. A transactionID is is an arbitrary string not to exceed 200 characters which is meaningful to the caller. You can create your own transactionID by stringing together elements. For example a transactionID might be built by combining
 - OCLC Symbol being worked with or if using Sandbox OCLC Symbol of institution doing testing
 - date and time
 - principalID of user performing operation


text:
Below I will share how I created the Chevron Canvas, and in a separate post I will detail how to create the flower.
There are several ways to get a chevron pattern onto a canvas. If you can find a piece of fabric that already has the pattern on it, you can simply staple that around your canvas and be done with it. If you go the painting route (which I did), you also have to choose to use painter's tape, or freehand it. Personally, I knew I would get frustrated with the tape, so instead I used a flat-edged foam brush to make the lines straight.
- Blank white canvas
- Acrylic Paint in desired colors
- Pencil with white eraser
- Determine how wide you want your stripes to be, and balance that with the dimensions of your canvas. For example, I wanted 1" wide stripes. My canvas was 12"x12" so it was pretty straightforward.
- Measure along each side of the canvas, making marks for the width of your stripes. Make your pencil marks lightly so that they can be erased as needed later. Then connect your marks across to the opposite side of the canvas, resulting in a checkerboard pattern.
- Connect the corners of the checkerboard squares to create your chevron pattern. Erase the pencil marks within the chevron stripes as well as possible.
- Paint your stripes. The foam brush with the flat edge will make it easier to create a sharp line. If you are using more than one color, I recommend painting with one at a time, letting the paint dry between colors. **There is a chance you might run into the same problem I did: I wasn't planning on painting the white stripes, but my pencil marks were stubborn, so I had to do some white paint touch-ups.**


text:
I would like to view some spiral galaxy. However, I would prefer not to spend lots of $$$. What are the minimum specs a telescope must have to resolve detail in a spiral galaxy?
It depends on what you mean by "view." If you just mean "see" a spiral galaxy, then you can do that without any telescope: the Andromeda Galaxy is visible naked eye from a good dark sky site. If you mean "see detail" such as spiral arms, I'd say the minimum aperture is around 10 inches (250 mm). Although you can occasionally glimpse spiral structure with smaller apertures—I've seen the spiral arms of Messier 51 in a 150-mm refractor—10 inches is the minimum to see structure in galaxies routinely.


text:
On the power efficiency for cognitive radio networks with multiple relays
In this paper, we study and analyze cooperative cognitive radio networks with multiple secondary users (SUs). Each SU is considered a prospective relay for the primary user (PU) besides having its own data demand. The proposed scheme leverages the spectral efficiency of the system via allowing two SUs to transmit simultaneously thanks to dirty-paper coding. We propose a power allocation policy that minimizes the average transmitted power at each SU. Moreover, we are concerned with enhancing the throughput of both primary and secondary links. Towards this objective, we investigate multiple opportunistic relay selection policies. We develop a mathematical framework for deriving stability conditions for the queues involved in the system using outage probabilities. Results reveal that we achieve better performance in terms of average power and throughput as compared to uniform power allocation schemes proposed earlier in literature. Extensive numerical simulations are conducted to validate our theoretical findings.
- Computer Science & Engineering [159 items ]


text:
Path Walkthrough for the Impatient
|Time to complete|
Demonstrating the creation of a Path Workbench Job derived from a 3D Model. Then generating dialect-correct G-Code for a target CNC mill.
The 3D Model
1. The Project begins with a simple FreeCAD model designed in the Part Design a cube with a rectangular pocket,
Above: Created in the Part Design including a Body, a Box with a Pocket, based on a Sketch oriented in the XY plane.
3. Now we create a Path Job by either of the following methods:
- Press the button from the toolbar.
- Using the then keyboard shortcut.
- Using the Path → Job entry from the top menu.
Above: Path Job creation dialog
4. This opens a Job creation dialog. Within this dialog, clickto accept the Body as the Base Model, with no Template.
5. The Job Edit window opens in the Task window, and the model view Window shows the Stock as a wire frame cube surrounding the Base Body. The Setup Tab is selected.
6. The Output tab defines the output file path, name, extension, and the Postprocessor. For advanced users, Post Processor Arguments can be customized (mouse over to show tooltips of common arguments).
Above: Path Job Edit dialog with the Output tab selected
Above: Path Job Edit dialog with the Tools tab selected
7. Modify the Default tool by selecting it and clicking thebutton. This opens the Tool Controller edit window.
Above: Path Job Tool Controller subpanel Edit dialog
8. The name given to the tool and the tool number correspond with the tool number of the machine. In the dialog (see above) it's Tool Nr. 4. The tool controller is configured for horizontal and vertical feed rates of
2mm/s and a spindle speed of
9. Select the Tool subpanel of the Tool controller. Set the diameter (and if you wish to use the Path Simulation tool later: add a cutting edge angle and cutting edge height).
Above: Path Job Tool controller 'Tool' subpanel dialog
10. The values are confirmed with
Note: For easy access, all the tools can be predefined and selected from the Tool manager.
The Workplan tab initially is shown as empty. It is then populated by the sequence of Job Operations, Partial Path Commands, and Path Dressups. The sequence of these items is ordered here.
This tree is shown after the Job's configuration once the Path Job is unfolded:
The Path Operations
12. For now we will keep it simple. The Profile button opens the Contour panel. After confirming with using the default values, see the green path around the object is visible.
13. Selecting the bottom of the pocket and then the Pocket button opens the Pocket Shape window. The default values for Base Geometry, Depths, and Heights are used, and the Operation subpanel is selected, and the Step Over Percent is set at 50.
14. The pattern is changed to "Offset" and the Job Operation is confirmed for the pocket configuration with
The result is a model with two paths:
There are two ways to verify the created paths. The G-Code can be inspected, including highlighting the corresponding path segments. The milling process of the Path Job can also be simulated to demonstrate the idealized tool paths, required for the Tool geometries to mill the Stock.
To inspect the G-Code use the Path Inspect tool. Selecting the corresponding G-Code lines within the G-Code Inspection window highlights individual path segments.
Above: Path Inspection tool opens the G-Code Inspection dialog
To start the simulation use the Path Simulator tool.
Above: Path Simulation in progress
If you want to end the simulation click thebutton, it will remove the stock created for the simulation. If you click this object will be kept in your Job.
Postprocess the Job
The final step to generate G-Code for the target mill is to postprocess the Job. This outputs the G-Codes to a file that can be uploaded to the target CNC machine controller. To invoke the Postprocessor:
- Select the Job object in the tree view
- Select the Path Postprocessing tool to postprocess the file. This opens a G-Code window allowing inspection of the final output file before it is saved.


A Nepali film based on survivors' accounts of alleged systematic torture and disappearances during the country's civil war which ended in 2006 has been banned following objections from the army.
Badhshala, meaning "Slaughterhouse," records the military's well-documented record of human rights abuses during the conflict.
The ten-year civil war claimed more than 16,000 lives, with 1,400 people remaining "disappeared".
The army says that the film might harm the peace process but critics say the ban reveals censorship, intimidation and a reluctance to confront the past.
Al Jazeera's Subina Shrestha reports from Kathmandu.
Source: Al Jazeera


Take the 2-minute tour ×
While reading about packages that allow to hook macros to certain events, I came across this command, \shipout. Searching on the internet didn't help a lot but if I'm not so wrong it's somehow related to creating new pages (or is it?).
My question is, what is exactly \shipout, what does it do and how it does what it does? (i.e. what is happening on the low-level in the background)
share|improve this question
\shipout is apparently primitive, because \show\shipout produces > \shipout=\shipout. – Henri Menke Dec 27 '13 at 12:54
add comment
2 Answers
up vote 9 down vote accepted
This is quite easy: \shipout is a primitive. Its syntax is
\shipout ⟨box⟩
where ⟨box⟩ is completely specified at page 278 of the TeXbook:
⟨box⟩ → \box⟨8-bit number⟩ | \copy⟨8-bit number⟩
 | \lastbox | \vsplit⟨8-bit number⟩ to ⟨dimen⟩
 | \hbox⟨box specification⟩{⟨horizontal mode material⟩}
 | \vbox⟨box specification⟩{⟨vertical mode material⟩}
 | \vtop⟨box specification⟩{⟨vertical mode material⟩}
⟨box specification⟩ → to ⟨dimen⟩⟨filler⟩ | spread ⟨dimen⟩⟨filler⟩ | ⟨filler⟩
One could, for example, say
\shipout\hbox{Hello world}
and one page in the DVI or PDF file will be created. Of course nobody wants to use \shipout this way. Its main usage is in the output routine that is called when TeX decides it has sufficient material for ejecting a full page. The current main vertical list is split at the chosen page break and its contents is packaged into \box255, which the output routine can act on. For example, the Plain TeX output routine does
so a full page, adorned with headers and footers is shipped out. The contents of \box255 is massaged by \pagebody. The output routine in LaTeX is much more complicated.
What one can do is redefining \shipout so it does other jobs. The oldest macro set that did something like this was quire.tex (still available on CTAN and TeX Live)
It saves the primitive meaning of \shipout in the command \q_oldship (the macros use _ as a 'private' marker) and redefines it to be \q_boat, which will do some jobs and eventually call \q_oldship. For instance it could be set up for placing two output pages on the same physical page, or for making sixteen page quires (whence the package name).
The package atbegshi does similarly. It redefines \shipout so that it can hook between the call of \shipout and the actual page ship out.
What precisely the primitive \shipout does is transforming the vertical list it's fed with into low level printing instructions (DVI or PDF format, according to the value of \pdfoutput if pdftex or luatex is used, XDV if xetex is used, only DVI for Knuth TeX). Meanwhile it executes all delayed \write operations, expanding tokens as it goes: in this way references to the page number are guaranteed to be correct, because they are computed when the page is being shipped out.
share|improve this answer
add comment
From TeXbook, Chapter 23: Output Routines, page 254:
TeX's primitive command \shipout is what actually causes output. It sends the contents of the box to the dvi file, which is TeX's main output file; after TeX has finished, the dvi file will contain a compact device-independent encoding of instructions that specify exactly what should be printed. When a box is shipped out, TeX displays the values of \count0 through \count9 on your terminal, as explained in Chapter 15; these ten counters are also recorded in the dvi file, where they can be used to identify the page. All of the \openout, \closeout, and \write commands that appear inside of the box are performed in their natural order as that box is being shipped out. Since a \write command expands macros, as explained in Chapter 21, TeX's scanning mechanism might detect syntax errors while a \shipout is in progress. If \tracingoutput is nonzero at the time of a \shipout, the contents of the box being shipped are written into your log file in symbolic form. You can say \shipout anywhere, not only in an output routine.
share|improve this answer
add comment
Your Answer


text:
At some point you may have been asked to sign a contract that has a signature block similar to the one below:
XYZ Subcontractor, LLC:
John Doe, President
Print Name and Title
It's such a small detail that most likely no one asked why it says "(Seal)" next to the signature. However, the addition of that single word can significantly affect the contract.
First, a bit of history. In the 19th Century, companies signing a contract would press their seal into wax on the contract document. The purpose was to prove the handwritten signature wasn't forged. If later there was a dispute, the court only had to compare the seal in the wax to the company's seal to see if they matched. The practice of using a wax seal was so formal that contracts signed in that manner were considered more solemn than the average unsealed contract, and therefore could be enforced for longer periods of time. Over the years, at least in Maryland, the purpose of placing a company's seal on contracts changed from forgery protection to proof that the person signing the contract had authority to bind the company.
Jump forward to modern day, the remnants of contracts under seal still linger. In Maryland, the general statute of limitations to enforce a contract is 3 years. This means that from the time a person knows or should know that the contract has been breached, he has three years to sue. But the statute of limitations extends to a vast 12 years if the contract is "under seal."
So does placing "(Seal)" next to the signature blocks on a contract actually make a contract enforceable for a longer period of time? The answer depends on which state's laws govern the contract. In Maryland and Virginia, adding that single word does not itself extend the enforcement period. If "(Seal)" appears next to the signatures, the court will look to whether the parties knowingly intended for the contract to be subject to the longer limitations period. See, Rouse-Teachers Properties, Inc. v. Maryland Cas. Co., 358 Md. 575 (2000); School Board of Fairfax County v. M.L. Whitlow, Inc., 223 Va. 157 (1982).
The trap is that modern contracts frequently have choice of law provisions. Many contracts choose Delaware as the law governing the contract. Unlike Maryland and Virginia, under Delaware law, merely placing the word "(Seal)" next to the signature blocks may convert the contract into a contract under seal and extend the limitations period from 3 years to 20 years. Whittington v. Dragon Group, LLC, 991 A.2d 1 (2009). A contract signed and performed in Maryland, but with a Delaware choice of law, could become enforceable for 20 years by the addition of that one word.
Although the likelihood of litigation 20 years later is minor, between 3-6 years later is not and that one word may have destroyed an otherwise successful statute of limitations defense. Additionally, litigation after extended periods of time also presents the practical problem that knowledgeable employees and documents may be long gone.
Next time you sign a contract, look for "(Seal)" in the signature block. You may want to strike it before signing.


text:
Grades 3-6 Student Printables
Download the following worksheets to help you reinforce the lessons created for the LIVESTRONG at School program.
LIVESTRONG Worksheet 1: What is Cancer?
In this writing and vocabulary exercise, help your students understand cancer by discussing its treatment, how people live with it, and addressing important terminology associated with cancer. Use this worksheet with Lesson 1.
LIVESTRONG Worksheet 2: Myths About Cancer
Help your students understand the difference between the truth about cancer and the various myths they may have heard with this true/false exercise. Use this worksheet with Lesson 2.
LIVESTRONG Worksheet 3: Reducing the Risk
These multiple-choice questions will help reinforce a classroom discussion about the things people can do to reduce the risk of getting cancer. Use this worksheet with Lesson 3.
LIVESTRONG Worksheet 4: What Can I Do?
Encourage your students to work together to create a project that can help increase awareness about cancer, support those who have the disease, or raise money for cancer research. Use this worksheet with Lesson 4.
The LIVESTRONG at School program aligns with national academic standards in health and language arts.


Abstract Electronic circuits, the backbone of modern electronic devices, require precise integration of conducting, insulating, and semiconducting materials in twoand three-dimensional space to control the flow of electric current. Alternative strategies to pattern these materials outside of a cleanroom environment, such as additive manufacturing, have enabled rapid prototyping and eliminated design constraints imposed by traditional fabrication. In this work, a transformative manufacturing approach using laser processing is implemented to directly realize conducting, insulating, and semiconducting phases within an amorphous molybdenum disulfide thin film precursor. This is achieved by varying the incident visible (514?nm) laser intensity and raster-scanning the thin film a-MoS2 sample (900?nm thick) at different speeds for micro-scale control of the crystallization and reaction kinetics. The overall result is the transformation of select regions of the a-MoS2 film into MoO2, MoO3, and 2H-MoS2 phases, exhibiting conducting, insulating, and semiconducting properties, respectively. A mechanism for this precursor transformation based on crystallization and oxidation is developed using a thermal model paired with a description of the reaction kinetics. Finally, by engineering the architecture of the three crystalline phases, electrical devices such as a resistor, capacitor, and chemical sensor were laser-written directly within the precursor film, representing an entirely transformative manufacturing approach for the fabrication of electronic circuitry.
Laser writing of electronic circuitry in thin film molybdenum disulfide: A transformative manufacturing approach
Read full text on ScienceDirect
DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2020.09.036


Exclude Text
You have the ability to specify text that is excluded from the email processing. When a block of text is input to be excluded, IEM will scan for it in the body of the message and when found, will eliminate it from the description/note of the issue. This allows you to put in confidentiality or disclaimer text so that it doesn't clutter your issue content.
 1. Click the gear icon in the upper right > click Incoming Email beneath Email.
 2. Click List beneath Exclude Text on the right context menu.
 3. Add using the right context menu; edit or delete items already in the list using the links provided.
 4. Type in or adjust your text content.
 5. Click Save.


text:
On the edge of extinction, giant ibis discovered in new region of Cambodia
The world's largest ibis, and one of the world's most endangered birds, has received some good news. A giant ibis (Thaumatibis giganteawas) has been photographed in the Kampong Som Valley in Koh Kong Province in Cambodia, the first record from this province in nearly a hundred years. Adults can grow to reach nearly 3.5 feet (106 centimeters) long.
The bird was captured by camera trap—an automated camera that uses infrared to snap photos of cryptic wildlife—by the NGO Wildlife Alliance. Listed as Critically Endangered by the IUCN Red List, the species is believed to be down to only around 100 breeding pairs. Most of these live in Cambodia, although a few may survive in Laos and Vietnam.
Wildlife Alliance writes that Kampong Som Valley "is an amazing ecosystem of flooded grasslands, wetlands, small lakes and a wide river mixed with regenerating deciduous and semi evergreen forest. This area of low population density and low human interference has been protected by the Cambodian Forestry Administration and Wildlife Alliance for the last 10 years with the strategic objective of maintaining and restoring the corridor link between the western and eastern forest bodies of the Southern Cardamom Mountains."
The organization now plans to survey the area for giant ibises to determine if the valley is home to a breeding population. The giant ibis is threatened by hunting, deforestation, and the draining of wetlands. It may also depend on small pools created by megafauna, such as elephants, which have vanished from much of Southeast Asia. The giant ibis appears to be particularly sensitive to human presence.
Article continues: _URL_
Image credit: James Eaton/Birdtour Asia


text:
Available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share Alike 4.0 International Licence
Health policy and services, Business and Management.
Non-linear processes within complex systems are difficult to predict. Using discrete event simulation (DES) models can be helpful for presenting the uncertainty level embedded within these processes. However, the interpretations of the resulting outcomes can be challenging to analyze. This is evident when experimenting with simulation models, and therefore requires the adaptation of existing models. Introducing cyclic entities such as interconnected resources to the simulation model adds a new level of complexity to the model. In practical cases, decision makers often demand a model that enables them to make quick decisions with less complexity involved. However, these individuals still want to be assured of a high degree of accuracy in the results. This article demonstrates how an analytical representation of complex DES models can be developed in order to facilitate prompt yet effective solutions for decision makers. This analytical representation provides a brief overview of the simulation results by using the staff scheduling and nurses' utilization approaches. Results of the effective use of DES model and managers feedback are encouraging.
Thorwarth, M., Rashwan, W., & Arisha, A. (2015), An analytical representation of flexible resource allocation in hospitals, Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal, Vol. 26, Issues 93, pp 1989 – 2014, Springer US, DOI: 10.1007/s10696-_PHONE_-4.


Wing For Business: How Wing Can Help Organize Your Business
In our previous post, 'How Wing Can Help Supply Your Business', we went over how Wing can save companies' valuable time. For example, tasks such as offloading sourcing office supplies, company swag, and food. Ultimately, this allows businesses to focus on their core operations because the jobs listed above are handed off to the AI virtual assistant – Wing. But, is there anything else Wing for Business can do? For example, maybe it could help perform research or help organize your business.
Organizing job applicants/candidates
Onboarding New Hires
Organizing lead generation in a spreadsheet
Beyond simple logistic tasks, Wing can also assist with sales functions. For instance, the beginning of the sales process usually involves hunting for potential customers. Also, you must organize these leads in a way that is easy to peruse and analyze.
Compiling Verification Letters
Lastly, you might run into a bureaucratic task that is low-impact, high priority. This means it brings no added value to your company whatsoever, yet it still necessary to do. For example, employees may have to verify their employment to third parties. This happens for all sorts of reasons, from visas to healthcare problems to signing a loan.
When that happens, you can offload this task to Wing.
Like the problem solved in 'How Wing Can Help Supply Your Business', offloading bureaucratic, and organizational tasks to Wing frees up time for businesses to focus on their core operations. Additionally, sometimes Wing can even help, such as with generating sales leads and entering them into a spreadsheet.
Recommended Articles


text:
Bring Quantum into your classroom
Quantum Ambassador Programme
Inspire your students aged 16 to 19 and get them engaged in the latest developments in science and technology!
The Quantum Ambassador Programme will help teachers to lead quantum physics activities in the classroom, with the support of STEM Ambassadors. You'll be able to take students from the first quantum revolution (lasers, MRI scanners, GPS and semiconductors) up to the present day and into the future.
This exciting programme will enable post-16-year-olds to:
- engage in science and emerging technologies
- understand the scientific process
- enhance their understanding of quantum physics and technology concepts
- be signposted to relevant career pathways.
How the programme will work
The Quantum Ambassador programme will run for two years, from 2021 to 2023.
During the first year of the programme, teachers can access four specially-developed lesson modules covering Quantum Technologies in the UK. Each module is around 30 minutes long and will include links to the physics curriculum. Students can access these modules independently. Whilst taking these modules, students can generate questions that can be sent to a Quantum Ambassador. An online Q&A session will then take place with the Ambassador and students, which will also include a career-focussed chat.
During the second year of the programme, Quantum Ambassadors will be available to deliver free Quantum enrichment workshops in schools. These workshops will bring the world of Quantum to students, showcasing the work of the four Quantum Hubs in the UK and linking the science and technology involved to the curriculum. Careers will be signposted, hopefully raising awareness of the growing number of opportunities available in the Quantum field.
There's a limited number of spaces available for this exciting programme, so be sure to register your interest below. You can be involved in the programme throughout the full two years, or choose to just access the 2021 lesson modules - it's completely up to you!
Become a Quantum Ambassador
Our team of Quantum Ambassadors will be paired with a school to shed light on the world of quantum physics and quantum careers. Quantum Ambassadors are part of the STEM Ambassador programme, and activities can be arranged via the STEM website. To find out more and sign up as a Quantum Ambassador, click the link below:
The UK has entered a global race to develop new quantum technology. Thanks to the UK National Quantum Technology Programme, an alliance of academia, industry and government are working in collaboration to accelerate the research into quantum technologies, in order to make a difference to our everyday lives.
Through a mix of government and industry funding, the UK has now committed more than one billion pounds over ten years to this coordinated programme in quantum technology. The UK has established four hubs to maintain the technological research leadership in quantum technologies, these are:
The UK National Quantum Technologies Programme is delivered by EPSRC, Innovate UK, BEIS, National Physical Laboratory (NPL), Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ), Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl) and the Knowledge Transfer Network (KTN).


How to calculate VAT in Excel (template)
In this article, you will learn how to calculate VAT in Excel using a function? And what formula can we use to calculate the amount of VAT paid if the only information you have is the total amount?
free VAT calculator
Well, calculating tax in excel is quite easy. VAT (value-added tax) is the most common type of tax applied to goods. Now GST (goods and services tax) applies to almost all kinds of goods, but for some products, such as spirits, VAT still exists. In the same way you can calculate GST. After reading this article, you will learn:
1) Calculating VAT in Excel
2) How to calculate the selling price of a product
The general formula for calculating VAT in Excel:
Purchase Price *% VAT
The general formula for calculating the sales price:
Purchase price + taxes
Suppose we are dealing with beverages (all kinds). We assume that a different% of VAT applies to each product. And this VAT is listed. We need to calculate the VAT and the sales price.
Step 1: Prepare the table
We have prepared an Excel spreadsheet below.
Step 2. Calculate the amount of VAT
In cell E2, write this formula and press Enter.
= D2 * C2
The amount of VAT will be calculated in E4 for milk. Drag the formula down to E10.
Note: The "%" symbol is mandatory in the % VAT column. If you do not want to use the % symbol, you have to put the percentage before the number "0". This is because Excel converts "number%" to "number / 100".
Step 3: Calculate the sales price:
In cell F2, write this formula and press Enter.
= C2 + E2
The formula for the sales price is "Costs + Taxes" (not including profits). We assume that VAT is the only tax that applies to your product. Then the purchase price + VAT, taxes.
And it's done. Your Excel VAT calculator is ready.
You can add totals to the bottom row or to the far right column, as most beginners do. But a clever way to display totals is on the top row, right above the headers, so it's always visible (if the top row is frozen).
Now you know how to calculate VAT in Excel. You can use this Excel tax formula to create an instant Excel spreadsheet for the VAT calculator. You can override the process to create the tax rate formula in Excel.
4.7 Star App Store Review!***uke
Love Love LOVE
Select Collections


What Do Yellow, Red, Blue, and Green Lines Mean on the iPhone Weather App or Widget?
Checking the weather has become a relatively easy process since modern smartphones have come into existence. You can now simply open an app and access the weather information of your city or another from anywhere on the planet. iOS 15 makes knowing the weather around much easier to understand and interpret as it not only notifies you about upcoming weather conditions but also gives you a glimpse of what to expect throughout the day in terms of temperature.
If you're wondering why you're using seeing bars colored in yellow, red, blue, or green inside the Weather app, we'll help you understand what they are, what those colors mean individually, and more in the post below.
Why do you see Yellow, Red, Blue, and Green lines on the Weather app/widget?
iOS 15 brings a whole new redesign to the Weather app and the latest update to the service has brought a new visual way to show you the temperature of the place you're in. If you're seeing a bar next to today's weather colored in yellow, red, blue, or green lines, it essentially tells you the temperature range for the day.
Weather app in iOS 15 DB2
You should also be able to see similar bars corresponding to tomorrow's weather info and a few subsequent days by checking out the 10-day weather forecast and the 4×4 Weather widget.
This is a welcome change to iPhone users who can now get an idea of the whole day's forecast instead of just being shown the highest and lowest temperatures for the day.
Weather Widget in iOS 15 DB1
Related: iOS 15: How To Print to PDF on your iPhone and iPad
What does every color mean?
In case you're wondering what is the temperature range for a particular day in your region, you need to first understand what range each of the colors indicated inside the Weather app corresponds to.
 - Dark Blue: Extremely Cold (less than 0°C)
 - Light Blue: Cold (0°C to 15°C)
 - Green: Slightly Cold (15°C to 20°C)
 - Yellow: Slightly Warm(20°C to 25°C)
 - Orange: Warm(25°C to 30°C)
 - Red: Extremely Hot (30°C and above)
An overview of these color codes will also appear when you open a location's Temperature Index. Here's what it looks like:
Why do I see different colors in the same line?
Depending on the weather in your region, you may see a single-colored or multi-colored line adjacent to a particular day inside the weather app.
If you only see a single line, you can expect the temperature range to remain the same throughout the day.
If you see multiple colors in the same bar, then you can expect the temperature to vary significantly between the start and end of the day. When you see multiple colors, they will be stacked in the same manner as they're listed above.
For example, if you live in a moderately warm region but expect rainfall, you may see today's weather show you a line with a combination of Orange/Yellow/Green colors.
Related: iOS 15: How To Drag and Drop Pictures, Files, Texts, Links, and More Between Apps
Why are some colored lines shorter than others?
If you're looking at the temperature range of your region for the next few days, you may notice that some colored lines are longer or shorter than the rest of them. Some lines may cover the whole length of the bar while some will have empty spaces on the left or right sides. Why is that, you ask?
The colored bars do not only show you various temperate ranges but also indicate the minimum and maximum temperatures for a particular day. To help you understand what the weather is going to be like for the upcoming days, the Weather app shows the minimum and maximum temperatures on the left and right sides of the colored bar respectively for the next 10 days.
If a day's minimum temperature matches with the 10-day forecast's minimum value, then its bar will start from the extreme left.
If a day's maximum temperature matches with the 10-day forecast's maximum temperature, then its bar will end on the extreme right side.
For days where the temperature range is shorter than the range expected for the next 10 days, their bars will be shorter.
For example, let's take a look at Copenhagen's 10-day forecast.
As you can see from Today's forecast above, the colored bar changes from green to yellow to orange to indicate the transition from 14°C to 24°C throughout the day. You will also notice that Today's forecast occupies the whole bar leaving no empty space behind. This means the maximum and minimum temperatures for the day are the same as what's expected in the next 10 days.
When you compare today's forecast to that of Thursday, you will notice that the colored bar is shorter than the one shown for today. That's because, the minimum temperature for Thursday is 16°C, which is 2°C higher than today; that's why the temperature bar shift slightly (2/10 portion; since 14-24°C is the total size of the bar) to the right side.
Similarly, Thursday's maximum temperature (21°C) is also lower than the maximum value (24°C) for the 10-day forecast and that's why its temperature bar ends 3 spaces shorter the whole size of the bar.
Depending on the weather in your region, you may see different-sized bars for different days if you're expecting significant changes in the climate.
How do you get it?
The new temperature range bars are available in the Weather app on iOS 15 Developer Beta 2 (DB2) that released last week for iPhones. If you're already on the first Developer beta of iOS 15, you can update your device to DB2 by going to Settings > General > Software Update and then installing the latest version that's available.
The new temperature bars are an exclusive feature on iOS 15 only, so if you're running iOS 14 or an older operating system, you will need to wait till this fall when Apple releases the stable version of iOS 15 to the public.
Where can you see colored temperature bars?
The colored bars that indicate the temperature range for a particular day can be seen in two different ways:
 - Inside the Weather app: You can see the temperature range for today and all subsequent days under the '10-Day Forecast' section when you view a weather card after opening the Weather app.
 - Inside the Weather app's 4×4 widget: Temperature range bars are also available when you use the 'Large' size Weather widget. However, instead of a 10-day forecast, you will only see the colored bars for the next 5 days. You won't see the temperature range in a line for today's forecast as well. Instead, you will be greeted with a periodic layout of estimated temperature for the next few hours.
I'm on iOS 15 beta. Why do I not see this?
If you're already on iOS 15 beta and you're not seeing the new temperature range inside either the Weather app or widget, then it means you're not on the newest version of iOS 15 beta. As we have mentioned above, the colored temperature bars are only visible inside the Weather app if your iPhone is running the latest iOS 15 Developer Beta 2 (DB2) that Apple released last week. You can update your device to the latest beta by going to Settings > General > Software Update.
If you're on iOS 15 DB2 but you're facing issues with the Weather app, you need to accept that you may have run into a bug that's expected from such early developmental updates. You can expect these bugs to be ironed out in future beta releases or when iOS 15 rolls out to the public. If you're facing an issue inside the Weather app, you can open the Feedback app to report it to Apple so they resolve it in the next version.
That's all there is to know about colored lines/bars in the Weather app on iOS 15.
Posted by
Leave a Reply


text:
The study involved 66 spider-phobic women who watched a video of a spider 14 times. The participants were randomly divided into different groups to either watch the video every two hours or every 12 hours, and either in the morning or evening, or after spending a night sleeping or a full day awake.
The researchers also sounded off a loud noise during some of the videos and then measured the participants' palm sweat in response.
Overall, women who managed to get a good night's sleep after watching the spider videos — before being shown the spiders again — were less likely to rate the spider high on a scale of "fearfulness, disgust, and unpleasantness," according to the Harvard Gazette.
On the other hand, subjects who stayed awake for 12 hours after watching the spider videos and were then shown the videos again at the end of the day exhibited a stronger stress response.
There was no evident difference in reaction between participants who viewed the spider videos in the morning or the evening.
"Thus, sleep following exposure therapy may promote retention and generalization of extinction learning," the researchers wrote in the study.
The researchers added that REM sleep in particular could be responsible for the effect.
Recently, a Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences study showed that severely arachnophobic adults who participated in just one session of therapy experienced brain changes that allowed them to hold a tarantula in their hands. The effect lasted six months after the therapy session.
"Before treatment, some of these participants wouldn't walk on grass for fear of spiders or would stay out of their home or dorm room for days if they thought a spider was present," study researcher Katherina Hauner, Ph.D., postdoctoral fellow in neurology at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, said in a statement.
"But after a two or three-hour treatment, they were able to walk right up and touch or hold a tarantula. And they could still touch it after six months," Hauner said.
The study is published in the Journal of Psychiatric Research.
Source: Journal of Psychiatric Research


text:
Searching for how to repair a bow in Minecraft?
Well, you end up in the right place!
Minecraft is a trendy and addictive game with lots of adventures and happenings. When you start playing Minecraft, you may think that the weapons and armors are of no use, but you will realize their importance as you go ahead.
The Bow is one of the crucial weapons that can break a lot of time, and people usually think, why does this happen and how to fix this? We will give the answers to all of your questions in this article.
Why the Bow Breaks?
Many people find it frustrating and start wondering why the Bow breaks in the middle of the game? The reason is that each item in the Minecraft game has a specific HitPoint, and when you keep using that weapon, it keeps on going down and losing its health. This is the reason why the bow breaks. You need to craft a new one or repair it to make it work.
If you've been playing the game for a while, you must be aware that Minecraft has two types of bows. The first one is a Normal Bow with regular abilities, and the other is called Enchanted Bow, which comes with more extraordinary powers and capabilities. You can break both of these bows with excessive use, so you need to know how to repair these.
Now, we will explain how to repair a bow in Minecraft.
How to Repair a Bow in Minecraft Using Anvil
To use this trick, you will need an Anvil in your Inventory. If you don't have an anvil, you can also craft your Anvil by following some simple steps given below:
How to Craft an Anvil:
- You will need at least 4 Iron Ingots and 3 Iron Squares from your Stock Box to create your Anvil.
- By using these items, you can craft a decent anvil that will help you in many other things as well.
After Arranging an Anvil:
To repair your Bow using an anvil, follow these simple steps
- From your Minecraft inventory, open the Anvil.
- Put the Bow in the first slot and the Bow repairing material in the second slot.
- Wait for a while now, and get your fixed Bow from the Anvil.
How to Repair a Bow in Minecraft Using Crafting Table
If you don't want to use an anvil for your bow repair, you can use this method to help you repair your Minecraft bow.
You can get the job done by using a crafting table better and more efficiently. But, first of all, you should know how to create a crafting table.
How to Create a Crafting Table:
- Press E to open your Inventory Screen.
- You must have at least four woodblocks for this purpose.
- In the crafting section, place the woodblocks 2×2. You will see the crafting table on the right side; save it.
After Creating the Crafting Table:
If you want to follow the above method, here are some simple and easy steps:
- Open your Crafting Table.
- On the table, place two bows side by side.
- Wait for these bows to make a third bow.
- That's it! Now you have your Bow.
Some Restrictions of Using the Crafting Table Method to Repair Bow
The crafting table will require two objects of the same type. Here you are giving two bows to get a strengthened bow that has full stats or health.
The crafting table method does not work for Enchanted bows. If you place two enchanted bows on that table, it will still make an ordinary resultant bow and not an enchanted one.
It is important to note that the crafting table is not primarily used for repairing items. However, there is another method that you can use to repair your Bow. We just used a trick here, so make sure you use this method as a last resort.
How to Repair a Bow in Minecraft Using Grindstone
Grindstone is also an essential element in Minecraft. Like an anvil and crafting table, a grindstone can also be used to repair a bow.
First of all, you should know how to craft a grindstone.
How to Craft a Grindstone:
To craft a grindstone in Minecraft, the ingredients you will need are two oak plants, two sticks, and a stone slab. You can continue with the following steps to craft a grindstone once you have all the material.
- Open a 3×3 grid crafting table.
- Put the materials on a table.
- You can see the grindstone on the right side of the table.
- Now that you have the grindstone take and drag that into your Inventory.
After Crafting the Grindstone:
Once you have crafted the grindstone, you can use the following steps to repair your Bow:
- Through the Inventory, open your grindstone.
- Put one Bow in the top slot and another bow in the bottom slot.
- You'll see the Bow on the right.
Minecraft is a very addictive and never-ending adventurous game, but it can be confusing and tricky. We have written this article to answer your questions and help you explore more of this game. We hope this article was helpful for you in finding out how to repair a bow in Minecraft. The best method is using the Anvil, which also helps with enchanted bows. The other two ways are relatively less effective as they do not repair magical bows but can be used as a last option.
Control the truth, Control the people The power of the in the anvil of power under the rug. The principal in the dark


text:
Potential buyers look over a home in Las Vegas, where one in five people moved locally during the recession. / Steve Marcus for USA TODAY
The Great Recession has upended the American tradition of moving to greener pastures. Instead of moving to a bigger home or for a higher-paying job, more Americans moved because they can't afford to stay where they are.
During the 2007-09 recession, 9% of Americans - about 4 million - moved locally, the highest level in a decade. And a growing number moved to cheaper housing or doubled up with family and friends, according to an analysis out Wednesday of Census data through 2010.
By contrast, moves across county and state lines declined.
People moved the most in metropolitan areas with the highest unemployment and highest foreclosure rates, particularly in hard-hit parts of the Sun Belt, shows research by US2010, a project funded by the Russell Sage Foundation and Brown University that examines changes in American society.
In Las Vegas, for example, one in five people moved locally during the recession.
"Typically, over the last couple of decades, when Americans moved, they moved to improve their lives," says Michael Stoll, author of the research and chairman of UCLA's public policy department. "This is the shock: For the first time, Americans are moving for downward economic mobility. Either they lost their house or can't afford where they're renting currently or needed to save money.
At the peak of the recession, falling fortunes was a prime reason for moving. Before the economy tanked, 41.3% moved locally to own a home or settle in a better neighborhood. During the recession, only 30.4% moved for those reasons. By contrast, more than 23% moved for cheaper housing during the recession, up from 20.8% before the bad times.
The theme song of The Jeffersons, a hit TV show in the 1970s about a black family that makes it big in the dry cleaning business and moves from Queens to Manhattan's East Side, is aptly titled Movin' On Up.
Yet this economic downturn has taken a disproportionate toll on the upward mobility of African Americans, the research shows.
"Most distressing is the evidence that black residents have been particularly affected by this trend - more likely to be pushed into a short-distance move by these economic conditions," Stoll says. "Blacks may have had less savings, fewer family members who could contribute, onerous debt from refinancing or subprime mortgages or greater expenses."
Unemployment and foreclosure rates are higher among blacks than whites.
"It's going to be years before (blacks) return to their pre-recession trajectory," says Roderick Harrison, a demographer at Howard University in Washington, D.C. "It's going to take a job, probably several months or years working at that job to maybe return to their own apartment or to get back into home ownership."
Copyright 2013 USATODAY.com
Read the original story: More Americans on the move are moving on down, not up


text:
Lecture 2, The Scarlet Cord:
The book of Hebrews lists Rahab, the prostitute from Jericho, as one of the faithful in the company of Abel, Enoch, Noah, Abraham and Sarah. Why was Rahab listed among these prominent biblical figures? Some say it is because she lied to protect the Hebrew spies. What do you say? Is it an act of faith to lie? In this message, Dr. Sproul considers this account as he gives us perspective on Rahab's life, and teaches us about the typological significance of the scarlet chord she used to keep her safe from the Hebrew army.


text:
An iterative finite difference beam propagation method based on the Crank-Nicholson scheme is presented to simulate continuous wave (CW) second-order nonlinear effects in optical waveguides with the depletion of the pump wave taken into account. This method is an extension of the linear finite-difference beam propagation method and preserves the same order of accuracy. Comparisons with the previously published explicit finite difference beam propagation method and the rectangular approximation method are presented. Quasi-phase matched difference frequency generation in AlGaAs and quasi-phase-matched second harmonic generation in LiNbO3 are considered in the evaluation, showing that one iteration for the IFD-BPM is sufficient for the simulation with good accuracy and without increasing much computation time.
[IEEE ]PDF Article


Racism and Sexism are Attacking Your Cells! Understanding Oppression in Your Body
Oppression, such as racism and sexism, has a physiological impact on the body. Learn exactly how the stress of oppression impacts the cells in your body and how it can lead to short-term ailments such as headaches and fatigue, and long-term disabilities such as cancer.
Tuesday, May 26, 2015 - 6:30pm
Mercado La Paloma
3655 S. Grand Ave.
Los Angeles, CA 90007


text:
What is railway monitoring?
Railway infrastructures and systems play a significant role in highly efficient transportation, which is needed to meet the increasing demand in transporting both cargo and passengers. These structures are extremely susceptible to degradation and failure, due to extreme environmental situations under severe loading and working conditions, caused by the traffic growth, heavier axles and vehicles and increase in speed. Innovative sensing technologies based on fiber optic sensors have been utilized for structural health monitoring (SHM), the real time measurement and long-term assessment of structural properties.
A fiber optic structural health monitoring system allows for early-stage damage detection and characterization, which leads to timely remediation and prevention of disastrous failure. The use of fiber optic sensors for structural health monitoring is in great demand due to their inherent distinctive advantages, such as small size, light weight, immunity to electromagnetic systems. Furthermore, the geometry and versatility of these sensors allow them to be integrated into these structures for real time monitoring for sensing critical components of both railways and trains over long distances (up to 20 km).
A fiber optic monitoring system can be used for operation monitoring (train speed and components) and structural health monitoring (rails, sleepers, ballast, bridges, tunnels, rail security etc.) of railway structures. Such a system is being widely used due to its ability to measure physical quantities (such as strains, temperature, displacements, cracks etc.) continuously distributed over the full length of the fiber.
Railway monitoring for.......
I'm a paragraph. Double click here or click Edit Text to add some text of your own or to change the font. This is the place for you to tell your site visitors a little bit about you and your services.


text:
Ceres: Operation Stolen Base
Ceres: Operation Stolen Base is a solitaire game depicting the actions of an elite Rebel task force attempting to seize the largest source of water in the Solar System shortly after the outbreak of the Free Mars Revolution. Your task force must defeat the Earth Federation ships in the area and seize the primary surface base. Four increasingly difficult missions must be completed to win the campaign game. Along the way, additional ships arrive and pods are constructed to increase strength and technological capabilities. A unique card system counts down the time remaining and provides challenges and opportunities at every orbit.
In this game the player takes command of a Rebel task force attempting to complete missions critical to securing the Ceres water base. Your success will ensure Mars and other colonies have a major source of water for survival and the Earth Federation will be forced to haul water up the deep and costly gravity well from Earth.
This game is set in the Free Mars universe and is a prequel to the Free Mars boxed game.
- 11 x 17" map
- 40 die-cut counters
- 18 mini cards
- Scenario Instructions
- Four page rule booklet


text:
MAKE YOUR OWN MUSICAL INSTRUMENT WITH SOME STRAW, LOLLIPOP STICKS AND SOME ELASTIC BANDS!
- A Straw
- 2 lollipop sticks
- Elastic bands
- Place 2 Lollipop sticks together and fix at each end with 2 elastic bands
- Cut a straw and insert 2 short pieces into the gap between the lollipop sticks
- Blow through the gap
- Can you hear a sound? What happens if you move the 2 straws closer together or further apart? Does the noise change?
HEALTH AND SAFETY
Ensure that the students are using children's safety scissors.


April 2015 Queen Stitch
The Queen Stitch, also known as the Renaissance Stitch is one of the oldest popular stitches dating from the 16th and 17th Century. It was a favorite in the 18th Century resulting in beautiful regular patterns. The stitch is also known as the Rococo stitch from the American Revolution time when they didn't want anything to sound "royal". A globe shaped canvas stitch which can be used as a background, worked as a single sitich, and in diagonal rows.


text:
Color demosaicking is used to reconstruct full color images from incomplete color filter array samples captured by cameras with a single sensor array. In reconstructing natural-looking images, one key challenge is to model and respect the statistics of natural images. This paper presents a novel modeling strategy and an efficient color demosaicking algorithm. The approach starts with joint modeling of the color images, which supports simultaneous representation of inter-channel correlation and structural information in an image. The inter-channel correlation is explored by measuring the channel difference signals in the gradient domain, while the structural information is explored by nonlocal low-rank regularization. An efficient algorithm is then proposed to solve the joint formulation, by dividing the minimization problem into two sub-problems and solving them iteratively. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated with extensive experiments on both noiseless and noisy datasets, with comparison with existing state-of-the-art color demosaicking methods.
To facilitate further evaluation and exploration of the method proposed in the above paper, we publish the source code at this link.
You are free to use the source code provided that (1) you clearly cite the source; and (2) you do not make any redistribution of the code.


text:
Ad server is a useful software widely used in digital ads. These ads involve publishers, advertisers and marketers. They perform monitoring on aspects like the number of clicks, and verify results of the businesses. It is worthwhile to know how these ad servers work.
An ad server serves the purpose of publishing ads in targeted websites according to a predetermined time across geographical areas. Ad servers are widely used by ad networks, advertisers, and publishers.
Ad servers are used to post ads on websites. Ad servers make sure the ads are displayed where they are targeted as per audience, time and locality.
How an ad server works?
Ad serving is a technology that uses software to place ads on websites. It also involves serving ads, optimally target them and choose them according the place and web page.
Ad servers are responsible servers and decide what ads are to be displayed, which are to be tracked such as impression and clicks.
Technically speaking, the explanation goes thus: When a user visits a website, the site gets prompted to send a message to the browser. The browser in turn approaches the relevant server. The server furnishes ads as per request of the browser. The ads are sent to the browser that are displayed in the website. Now the user can get the display ads on the target page. This is how the ad servers work.
What an ad server does?
- An ad server uploads ads as required. It also uploads rich-media. Rich media include interactive means of communication such as animation, audio, games, graphics, text, videos, etc.
- Ad servers make sure the proper traffic of ads happens. This depends on the terms associated with business between the publisher, advertiser and the business owner.
- Ad servers target ads depending on users or content. This is done based on the past browsing behavior of the user. The ad server sends relevant ads to the displayed page. Ads are also targeted according to the geographical location. The ads are programmed to be displayed on target web pages in a certain part of the globe.
- Ad servers furnish the data on impressions, number of clicks, and the activities following clicks, how the interaction and its duration.
Ad servers are an important means of doing business for all those involved in digital advertising. With appropriate planning and managing the ads optimally get good results for ad server usage.
Continue reading →


text:
The sailfin molly, Poecilia latipinna, is a species of fish, of the genus Poecilia. They inhabit fresh, brackish, and coastal waters from North Carolina to Texas and the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico.
The sailfin molly was originally described in 1821 as Mollienesia latipinna
by the naturalist Charles Alexandre Lesueur
. Lesueur based his description upon specimens from freshwater ponds in the vicinity of New Orleans, Louisiana
. However, Lesueur described other collections of the sailfin molly as Mollienesia multilineata
in 1821, the same year in which he described M. latipinna
. This conflict created confusion and eventually necessitated a ruling by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature
(ICZN). In 1959, the ICZN placed precedence on the name Mollienesia latipinna
Lesueur 1821. In a landmark definitive work on Poeciliid fishes, Donn Rosen and Reeve Bailey (1959) noted the priority of Poecilia
by Marcus Elieser Bloch
and Johann Gottlob Schneider
(1801) with regards to Mollienesia
by Lesueur (1821), thereby relegating Mollienesia
to the synonymy of Poecilia
Sailfin molly (English), Breitflossenkärpfling (German
), Seilfinnemolly (Norwegian
), Zeilvinkarper Dutch
, Molinezja szerokopłetwa (Polish
), and molliénésie á voilure or simply "molly voile" (French
There is some confusion with the Yucatan molly, P. velifera. While most names that contain a sail element refer to the present species, the German "Segelkärpfling", the Latin velifera and possibly others are used for the Yucatan molly. The French terms are used for both species indiscriminately.
The sailfin molly is found in fresh, brackish, and coastal salt water in coastal lowland habitats from North Carolina to Texas and the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico. Preferring marshes, lowland streams, swamps, and estuaries, the sailfin molly is very common in peninsular Florida. Non-indigenous populations are established in New Zealand, in the western U.S. and in Hawaii. Sailfin mollies introduced to California have caused a decline in populations of the Federally protected and endangered Desert Pupfish (Cyprinodon macularius
Sailfin mollies are most commonly observed as the shallow surface waters along the edges of marshes, lowland streams, ponds, swamps, estuaries and even ephemeral
water bodies such as roadside ditches. Small to large aggregations
of the species are most commonly found under floating vegetation or near structures in the water, minimizing their chances of being observed by potential predators.
The sailfin molly is a tolerant species. for exploiting the thin film of oxygen rich surface water with their upturned mouths, sailfin mollies are able to survive oxygen depleted habitats. A euryhaline species, the sailfin molly may be found in a variety of saline environments tolerating salinities as high as 87 ppt and will breed in brackish waters.
Adults thrive best in isolated pools or organically enriched waterways where few other fish occur (Minckley 1973).
The body of the sailfin molly is essentially oblong
. The head is small and dorsally
flattened, with a small, upturned mouth. The caudal peduncle
is broad and the caudal fin
is large, rounded, and sometimes tipped with black. The pelvic fins
originate at a point anterior to the dorsal fin
. In mature males the dorsal fin is greatly enlarged and colourful (it is this feature that gives the species its common name) and the caudal fin is similarly colourful, these conspicuous secondary sexual features play a role in female mate choices. Females tend to be larger and more plainly coloured, a difference characteristic to the Poeciliidae. (See: Sexual selection
It is a smaller fish than the Yucatan molly, though that species often does not grow to full length if bred in an aquarium. The dorsal fins are the most distinctive character: Those of the sailfin molly have less than 15 fin rays, counting where the fin meets the back, whereas the Yucatan molly has 18-19 (intermediate numbers may indicate hybrids which should be avoided). If the males spread their dorsal fin in display, in this species it forms a trapezoid with the posterior edge being shortest. The height of the dorsal fin, measured at the posterior edge, is a bit less than the height of the tail
The body is generally light grey
, although breeding males may be greenish-blue. Several rows of spots occur along the sides, back, and dorsal fin. Often these spots blend together forming stripes. Aquarists have developed many colour variations in this species, (variation occurs naturally in the wild) with melanistic
, and speckled forms known.
Sailfin and black mollies
There exists an entirely melanistic form called the Midnight molly, or, nondescriptly, "Black molly". The latter originally refers to melanistic breeds of Poecilia sphenops. Midnight mollies actually originated from hybrids between that and the present species.
As hybridization, like in most Poecilia, is easy between these two species and due to the more spectacular appearance of P. latipinna, such Sailfin-Black molly hybrids, with males' conspicuous, large, yellow-rimmed dorsal fin are often seen.
Due to genomic recombination, F1 hybrids often display novel and bizarre fin shapes. This can include a grotesquely elongated gonopodium in males; such hybrids are usually unable to breed. Otherwise, hybrids can be bred among themselves, or with higher rate of success with their parent species. They often have a somewhat decreased lifespan, but not as much (in healthy fish) as the deformed "balloon" molly breeds of P. sphenops. Like the sailfin molly, they require a bit more attention of the fishkeeper than the extremely hardy "true" black mollies.
Size, age, and growth
The natural lifespan of sailfin mollies, is short, particularly in the case of the males, which may live less than one year after achieving sexual maturity. Depending upon environmental conditions sailfin mollies may become reproductive in less than a year. Sailfin mollies are small fish. At one year of age males typically range in size from 15-51 mm SL
while mature females are likely to be approximately 19-53 mm SL. The sizes of adult males is directly correlated with population density. The greater the population, the smaller the average size of males. The maximum recorded size for this species is 150 mm TL
Sailfin mollies feed primarily upon algae and other plant materials, although they will consume a number of aquatic invertebrates including the larvae of mosquitoes.
Fertilization is internal and is accomplished by means of highly modified fin elements within the anal fin
of males that form a structure known as the gonopodium
. Sailfin mollies produce broods of 10-140 live young, depending upon maturity and size, and females may store sperm long after the demise of their relatively short-lived mates. The gestation
period for this species is approximately 3-4 weeks, depending upon temperature, and a single female may give birth on multiple occasions throughout the year. Although sex ratios of the broods are balanced, adult populations tend to be largely female as males appear to suffer higher rates of mortality due to a greater susceptibility to predators and disease as a consequence of their brighter colours and a life devoted to frenzied breeding. There is no parental care exhibited by this species.
Sailfin mollies are members of the lower end of the food chain. As such they are prey for various animals including aquatic insects, other fishes, reptiles and amphibians, birds and mammals. Specific examples include: giant water bugs (Belostomatidae)
, largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)
, American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis)
, bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana)
, snowy egret (Egretta thula)
, and racoon (Procyon lotor)
, Saccocoelioides sogandaresi
is a known parasite
of the sailfin molly.
Importance to humans
The sailfin molly, in its many colour varieties is of considerable interest and value to aquarists
and many artificially selected varieties are produced and sold in pet shops. Wild type sail fin mollies are also bred as feeder fish for larger carnivorous fish. Naturally occurring populations of sailfin mollies help to control mosquito
populations by feeding on the larvae
of these pests
. As noted in "Distribution" above, they may not be suitable as a biological control agent
in many cases as they can easily become an invasive species
, even a pest themselves.
This species is not listed as threatened or vulnerable by the World Conservation Union (IUCN)


text:
Instructions for Curing Your Pizza Oven
Follow these instructions for curing your pizza oven. Curing wood fired ovens is critical to your pizza oven's performance. Failure to follow these instructions can result in damage up to and including cracking the dome, severely impacting heat retention.
NOTE: If you have a gas assist commercial oven, there are shortcuts to the curing process you can find in the Installation Manual. A Forno Bravo technician can be made available through our contact form to help walk you through some tricks to make this easier.
1-Why is proper curing so important?
When cast, your oven contains a high ratio of water to concrete that has to be baked out of the oven. This curing process actually strengthens the dome when done properly. However, if the oven gets too hot too fast, that water seeks to escape the entire dome's thickness simultaneously and can result in cracking the dome.
Also, after you have installed your oven, there is still a great deal of moisture in the mortars, hearth concrete, vermiculite, and the oven chamber and vent. Each of these oven components was recently produced using an air-drying, water-based process. Simply letting the oven stand for a week does not "cure" the moisture out of the oven.
2-Can I cure the oven dome without installing the insulation and decorative facade?
Technically you can, but it isn't recommended for a few reasons:
- Without insulation, you will experience heat loss making it more difficult to manage to proper temperatures;
- Without insulation, it can present a fire and safety hazard;
- After cure, your oven can reach temperatures in excess of 1000 deg F, so if you cure it, then do your stucco facade, the first time you cook pizza the stucco will also have water that tries to dry and cure causing it crack and possibly ruin your seal on the oven.
3-When can I start my curing process?
Before you start the curing process, let the complete oven sit for one week. It doesn't matter if it rained during that week, moisture often helps the natural strengthening of the refractory material.
If you purchased a fully assembled pizza oven from Forno Bravo, this doesn't apply as the assembly time in our facility is sufficient.
4-How do we cure the oven?
While it is difficult to maintain consistent, low-temperature fires, it is critical for proper curing that you do not go above these temperatures during the first two days.
It is important that you cure your pizza oven slowly over a 5 day period. You build a series of five increasingly larger fires, starting with a low temperature (see below). The first-day fire is no more than kindling and thin strips of wood.
Day 1: 300ºF for 6 hours (longer is better)
Start and maintain the fire in the center of the interior dome wall, not on either side or back of the oven. You don't want the fire to get too high and touch the dome as direct contact with the fire will spike temperatures.
You won't put the door all the way in the oven, but rather use it as a windbreak allowing about a 1-inch gap once the fire is lit. Lean the door back on its handle allowing the temperature gauge to get an accurate temperature. Also, this will help direct the smoke up the vent because at lower temperatures the wood will not burn off the impurities as fast.
Using the analog temperature gauge provided in the oven door/frame. The temperature gauge reads the oven's air temperature. For a more accurate temperature reading of the oven refractory surfaces, which can be use for many types of cooking, you can use the optional Digital Infrared Thermometer, which can be purchased in the Forno Bravo Store.
You want to measure the temperature at the dome of the oven, not the side wall or floor. This will be the hottest point of the oven. The temperature can vary slightly, but try not to exceed the temperature for that day's cure schedule by more than a few degrees, better to be 20 degrees cooler than hotter. Especially on day one and two.
Close the oven door every evening to preserve dryness and heat.
Day 2: Repeat process at 350ºF
Day 3. Repeat at 400ºF
Day 4. Repeat at 450ºF
Day 5. Repeat at 500ºF
- Use solid wood fuels only.
- DO NOT use charcoal, pressure treated lumber, chipped wood products, sappy wood such as pine, laminated wood or any material other than dry medium or hard firewood.
- DO NOT USE liquid fuel (firelighter fluid, gasoline, lantern oil, kerosene or similar liquids) to start or maintain a fire.
- You can start the fire with an acetylene torch if you have one handy.
- Food grade fire starters are considered acceptable aids when starting a fire.
- Do not use products not specified for use with this oven.
- Never use water to lower the temperature inside the oven, or to extinguish the fire. This will increase wear and tear on your oven and can lead to "spalling" pitting and cracking your floor tiles.
- There must be a period of time between completing the masonry work and beginning the actual firing cure.
- Longer is better than shorter, particularly for the actual dome cement.
- The cement and mortar must cure first and this process is actually improved by keeping the cement moist and not letting it dry out.
- Space heaters should not be used to cure an oven. It will produce a high amount of steam in the oven and can become a safety hazard so it is not recommended.
- If you notice a black smoke coming from the oven, don't panic, that is food grade grease which is used in the de-molding process. The smoke will be a little heavy for the first 2 days and will dissipate through the rest of the curing process.
Congratulations. Your oven is complete and ready for Cooking.


text:
The modern dynamic world requires that basic science courses for engineering, including linear algebra, emphasise the development of mathematical abilities primarily associated with modelling and interpreting, which are not exclusively calculus abilities. Considering this, an instructional design was created based on mathematical modelling and emerging heuristic models for the construction of specific linear algebra concepts: span and spanning set. This was applied to first year engineering students. Results suggest that this type of instructional design contributes to the construction of these mathematical concepts and can also improve first year engineering students' understanding of key linear algebra concepts and enhance the development of higher order skills.
|Journal||Journal of Technology and Science Education|
|Publication status||Published - 1 Jan 2016|
- Emerging models
- Instructional design
- Linear algebra
- Mathematical modelling
- Spanning set


Do 'bosses' understand packaging's value?
In this question-and-answer interview, Brian Wagner of Packaging and Technology Integrated Solutions (PTIS) articulates the benefits of giving packaging a seat at the product/package development table.
Healthcare Packaging (HCP): Has packaging taken a back seat in the development of a product?
Brian Wagner (BW): Yes, that has been the case in my career going back 24 years, at least in the biggest of companies. In smaller and medium-sized companies, packaging is forced to be part of the upfront discussion. As companies grow and the process becomes more complex, artificial walls grow up between functions. So marketing, product development, package development, and all these separate functions have different goals and languages. If you look at things from the consumer's perspective when they buy and use a product, they are linked. The product is the combination of the product and the package, the brand equity, a consumer's prior experiences, services such as the company's Web site and a 1-800 number, and all of the sustainability components as well. (PTIS's Product Formula = product + package + brand equity + experiences + services + sustainability components.)
HCP: And it may be that packaging is what consumers use to make the final decision about what to buy on the shelf, yes?
BW: Yes, it clearly is. And you really can't ask the consumer, because it's linked in their subconscious, but it's such an important element.
HCP: Who is making packaging decisions in the corporate world?
BW: Marketing is making a lot of decisions on packaging. The way the process tends to start is at the fuzzy front end or what a lot of people refer to as "pre-concept work," which is typically a marketing research function, and sometimes involves gaining consumer insight through focus-group observational research, trends analysis, and ideation. Packaging professionals are seldom invited to participate at this stage. So, if you are in the packaging or the supply chain function, working to get involved at the front end you have to try to help educate your bosses and other key stakeholders on the importance of packaging. It's really new to them. So you need to build a fact-based story. We have been consulting for eight years, and we spend a lot of time doing that, but frankly it's not for the faint of heart. We really believe that packaging is a critical enabler and differentiator, but there are few published reports quantifying the value of packaging. So, one of the things that we often do for these companies is develop simple case stories. They are fact-based, quantifiable, and memorable.
HCP: Packaging can be part of a strategy to reduce costs through light-weighting, down-gauging, or serving as a sustainable material. Why doesn't that convince management of packaging's importance?
BW: That's the piece of packaging that executives tend to understand because it's on the cost-center side of the business. In accounting terms, packaging falls and resides in cost of goods sold. So, the opportunity to reduce costs, make lines more efficient, and focus on sustainability-reduction initiatives are issues companies have been doing for years, because they get that piece.
HCP: What piece don't they get?
BW: They don't get the profit-center side in which packaging is really part of the brand-that it's part of the advertising budget, part of promotion, that it can actually elevate the value of the company's brand. That tends to be where growth and innovation happen. You can innovate on the cost-saving side as well. But it's the profits-center growth side of the world where packaging is not really well understood.
HCP: Now I imagine that affects packaging across all types of industries. Let's look at the over-the-counter pharmaceutical business in particular. This segment would likely lag behind food and beverage in this area, yes?
BW: Yes, very much so. Ten years ago, when we did benchmarking work, I would have told you that if you wanted to look for innovative packaging, look in food and beverage. Five years ago, it started moving more into personal care and health and beauty aids. If you are in a major food and beverage company, you do this preconcept work and develop graphics and branding, and eventually the packaging department gets called in to say, 'We need to put this in a box or a bag or something.' The right way to do that is to involve packaging in the early preconcept work and to provide innovative ideas and opportunities for packaging to create relevant points of difference. This can also lead to speed-to-market and intellectual property benefits.
What we have seen in pharmaceutical OTCs is a different concept of the commercialization process. In the OTC world, you start with very technical needs. The concept stuff is really about a molecule; it's about a drug being developed. Then, for the drug, there is consideration given for packaging, but it tends to be far more functional: How much barrier does it need? How much protection from moisture in the environment? You focus on the efficacy of the product. That process takes months. So then you have put the product into a blister or a bottle or a pouch, and that goes to the Food and Drug Administration. Then there is consideration given around functionality from a child safety standpoint for instance. So it's driven by legislation. Several months go by, and then you have the product in a bottle or a pouch or a blister, and in the last stages, it gets approved and readied for commercialization. Then you thinks about putting 12 of them in a carton or another secondary container. There is really no time to innovate. There is very little time given to things like allowing the package to help with consumer compliance, or allowing the package to help the pharmacist or the doctor who is dosing this or prescribing it. Therefore, take the opportunity to work on those elements early on to identify new alternatives, differentiate your brand, and innovate in your product categories.
HCP: What are some of the key tips or best practices that you might recommend for someone in this pharmaceutical arena with regard to sustainability?
BW: First and foremost is to think much earlier about what is being developed from a triple bottom-line sustainability standpoint. Address end-of-life issues, such as where is the packaging eventually going to go? How is it going to be used-by the hospital, doctor, pharmacist, and consumer? Start with its end of life and work backwards. Understand that sustainability is the environmental piece. Sustainability in its broader sense is about helping the planet. But also think about things like how the package help with patient compliance. By starting this process earlier, you can also work to capture Intellectual Property protection.
HCP: You're asking a lot of pharmaceutical packaging-not only to get the proper molecule out there, but also to package it and have it provide oxygenand moisture-resistance. And now you also want to sell it against comp-eting products and have it be sustainable?
BW: It's a huge challenge, yet I think it's a bigger challenge the way they do it today, which is waiting for certain approvals to happen before they figure out that end-of-life scenario and consumer considerations. It's the last stop, and by the time they get to it, there is little or no chance to innovate. Most new packaging capital projects require at least 18 months to implement. Speed-to-market requirements and late decisions result in the use of the same old packaging and equipment. They have invested millions of dollars in FDA approvals and in all the other aspects of the product. The last thing they do is find the equipment and the package to put it in to rush it to the market.
HCP: What can they do differently?
BW: One thing we do at PTIS with customers is a Consumer Package Roadmap™, where we help them understand the imagery and perceptions about a packaged product's colors, shapes, materials, and fonts-working with specific consumer groups and channels. Where appropriate, we apply Universal Design principals. Does the packaging consider their eyesight, their dexterity, and so on? So, we create a toolbox and work with the company to develop a consumer-based packaging roadmap-that's not product-specific. They can then go to that tool rather than having to retest every time. Companies need to start developing a database of knowledge and insight and allow or consider things such as what kind of symbols work for consumers? When it comes to compliance, create a checklist to put in the 'toolbox.' Will the package contain 24 pills? Will you use RFID (radio-frequency identification) or other technology that actually triggers something electronically? We don't see enough companies building that kind of knowledge, operating guidelines, tools, or processes that they can tap into. They are very reactionary.
HCP: We also hear that some of these OTC products can learn from product packaging used outside the industry, such as food and beverage products. Is this a valuable way to help learn what works or what doesn't work in terms of packaging?
BW: Yes, that's a great example. We lead One Day Solutions workshops for companies at New Product Works []. NPW is a PTIS alliance partner, with a collection of over 100,000 products gathered over the past 30 years, organized and cataloged across different categories, providing a hands-on, tangible stimulus.
HCP: The costs to introduce a drug have been estimated to be in the neighborhood of $800 million. Is it possible that companies are spending that on R&D and are then making packaging an afterthought?
BW: Right, that's what happens! With clinical trials for instance, the primary package is likely to be the same as the commercial version, but the secondary package can change dramatically. Things like sales samples for doctors can change tremendously. For this, research is a lot different than selling it to


text:
Finalist, Ngā Kōrero Pono / Non fiction, Ngā Kupu Ora Aotearoa Māori Book Awards 2017
This book celebrates and reflects on what it takes to build a dynamic community of Māori scholars.
It is the story of the community that was purposefully nurtured through the Māori and Indigenous Graduate Enhancement programme (MAI) and the International Indigenous Writing retreats organised by Ngā Pae o Te Māramatanga, Aotearoa New Zealand's Māori Centre of Research Excellence. The vision was to grow indigenous research and researchers and the achievement is evident in this collection.
The retreats brought together people from widely different disciplines, institutions and levels of experience, with the aim of supporting their writing and building a collective of shared experience, belonging, knowledge and goals within a Māori context. It was a space to work, to reflect on what they were studying, to challenge and be challenged. This book shows how the diverse group of participants became better writers, researchers and wise sages to the present and future generations of indigenous scholars. What emerged was not just a professional network and community of practice but a shared commitment to making a transformative difference for Māori.
This book gives that community a voice.
List of contributors
- Linda Tuhiwai Smith (Foreword)
- Waiora Port
- Graham Smith
- Josie Keelan
- Pauline Harris
- Cheryl Stephens
- Mere Kēpa
- Linita Manu'atu
- Beth Leonard
- Fiona Te Momo
- Huia Jahnke


text:
A trebuchet with an arm of negligible mass 3 m long joiningparticles of mass 60 kg and.12 kg at its ends. It can turnon a frictionless, horizontal axle perpendicular to the rod and 14cm from the large mass particle. The rod is released fromrest in a horizontal position.
A) find the maximum speed that the.12 kg object attains
B) While the.12 kg object is gaining speed does it move witha constant tangential acceleration. Does the trebuchet movewith constant acceleration? Does it have constant momentum? Doesthe trebuchet-earth system have constant mechanical energy?


text:
Related ItemsAnalysis Worksheet: U.S. Imperialism Cartoon
Lessons in Looking: Imperialism Cartoons
"Uncle Sam Watches over Cuba and the Philippines" Analysis Worksheet
The Spanish-American War ended in December, 1898, when Spain surrendered to the U.S. and negotiated a peace treaty that sold Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines to the U.S. Cuba remained independent, but firmly under the influence of the United States. The Philippine Republic went to war against the U.S. to defend its independence. The brutal war lasted three years, and was followed by a half-century of U.S. occupation of the Philippines. This political cartoon appeared in the conservative Judge magazine in 1902.
Now, Will You Be Good? Uncle Sam (to Filipino) — "See what I do for a good little boy?"
How does the cartoonist portray Uncle Sam?
How does the cartoonist portray Cuba and the Philippines? What are the similarities and differences?
What message or ideas about U.S. imperialism does the cartoon convey?