text:
Polarization of radio waves transmitted through Antarctic ice shelves
Doake, C.S.M.; Corr, H.F.J.; Jenkins, A.. 2002 Polarization of radio waves transmitted through Antarctic ice shelves. Annals of Glaciology, 34. 165-170. 10.3189/172756402781817572Full text not available from this repository.
The polarization behaviour of radar waves transmitted through two Antarctic ice shelves has been investigated using a step frequency radar with a centre frequency of 300 MHz and a bandwidth of 150 MHz. One site was on Brunt Ice Shelf at a site near Halley station, and 17 sites were oil George VI Ice Shelf near the southern ice front. Birefringence in the ice dominated the behaviour oil Brunt Ice Shelf, where the anisotropy in the effective permittivity was found to be about 0.14%. On George VI Ice Shelf, a highly anisotropic reflecting surface was the controlling feature, suggesting a fluted ice-shelf base formed by oceanographic currents.
|Programmes:||BAS Programmes > Antarctic Science in the Global Context (2000-2005) > Global Interactions of the Antarctic Ice Sheet|
|NORA Subject Terms:||Glaciology
|Date made live:||15 Nov 2011 09:47|
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text:
Eloy is a city located in Pinal County, Arizona, United States. The area that is now Eloy was originally inhabited by the Akimel O'odham people, who were farmers and hunters. In the 17th century, Spanish explorers arrived in the area and established missions, bringing with them horses and cattle.
The town of Eloy was founded in 1902 by the Southern Pacific Railroad, which constructed a rail line through the area. The town was named after the daughter of one of the railroad executives. Eloy grew rapidly, and by 1918, it had a population of over 1,000 people.
During World War II, Eloy was home to a large Army Air Forces training base, which helped to further the growth of the town. After the war, Eloy's economy shifted to agriculture and industry, and the town continued to grow.
Today, Eloy is known for its location between Phoenix and Tucson, as well as for its many recreational opportunities, including skydiving, golfing, and hiking. The town is also home to several large employers, including the Corrections Corporation of America, which operates a prison in Eloy.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
A well-designed curriculum provides the foundations for student mental wellbeing.
Designing an academic curriculum involves deciding what to teach (and assess) and how best to teach (and assess) your students. In a well-structured curriculum, these core curriculum decisions are made to ensure that:
- There is 'alignment' between the curriculum elements – within and across year levels
- Curriculum materials and learning experiences are optimally organised and sequenced
- Planned learning activities promote deep learning and student engagement
- Planned assessment encourages desired behaviours and informs learning
When curriculum elements are aligned, learning is optimally sequenced, and student engagement and progress are fostered, students have a sound foundation for both learning and mental wellbeing.
How might the elements of good curriculum design support student mental wellbeing? (You can review these elements in 1.3 Wellbeing essentials)


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Objective: To report our experience with magnetic resonance urography (MRU) in pregnant women suspected of having obstructing upper tract calculi. The diagnosis of an upper tract calculus in the pregnant woman can be challenging. Recent evidence suggests that MRU can be used to effectively evaluate renal colic. Methods: From 2008-2011, 9 pregnant women were referred for evaluation of suspected renal colic caused by an obstructing upper tract stone. All patients underwent MRU with a half Fourier single-shot turbo spin-echo (HASTE) protocol. Medical records and imaging studies were reviewed for demographic and clinical data as well as outcome measures. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 25 years (range 20-34); average gestational age of the fetus was 23 weeks (range 9-36). In all cases, a renal ultrasound was the initial imaging study obtained, with nondiagnostic findings. HASTE MRU detected 4 ureteral stones and 4 cases of physiological hydronephrosis of pregnancy. In one case, interpretation of the MRU was limited as a result of patient motion. Of the patients with obstructing stones, 1 required endourologic management during her pregnancy and 3 were followed conservatively. No adverse events related to MRU occurred. Conclusion: HASTE MRU is an informative imaging study for pregnant women with suspected upper tract stone disease. Information gathered from this study augments that gained from alternative modalities, and aids in medical decision-making. The lack of ionizing radiation exposure, coupled with the capture of detailed anatomic imaging, makes HASTE MRU a particularly useful study in this setting.
ASJC Scopus subject areas


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Resources for Members
Resources for Legislators
FAQs about NCDA and NCDA Members
Who are NCDA members? NCDA members provide professional career interventions and support in various settings. For example, a member may serve as:
- a career counselor in private practice
- a Career Development Facilitator in a Veterans Administration or one-stop career center
- a school counselor
- an executive career coach
- a career specialist in a college career services center
- a career consultant in retirement planning or
- a professor who teaches courses in career development or career counseling.
What services do NCDA members perform? NCDA members provide professional services and support across the life span. For example:
- A school counselor helps elementary students learn about the world of work and workers; encourages middle school students become aware of career clusters and identify areas of personal strengths and interests; and assists high school students relate academic studies to potential career goals.
- A career specialist in a college career services center provides career counseling; helps students prepare resumes and practice for interviews; may arrange career fairs for students and employers; and advises students on obtaining the benefits of an internship or related experience.
- A career specialist in private practice may provide a wide variety of services from career counseling and planning, assistance with resume writing and interviewing, and career coaching.
- A Career Development Facilitator in a veterans or one-stop career center will help individuals access job listings, prepare a resume and plan for an interview, provide or arrange for counseling in personal or family issues that may affect employment, and offer followup assistance.
- A college professor may teach career-related coursework, conduct research in the area of career development, and counsel students in their pursuit of education and career goals.
How does NCDA help members provide professional service? NCDA provides extensive support to its members with a wide variety of services:
- Research, including the the academic and peer-reviewed research reported in the Career Development Quarterly (CDQ)as well as surveys conducted by the Gallup and Harris organizations and reported in the media;
- Publications and communications including a website _URL_, and the e-magazine Career Convergence, the practice-oriented magazine Career Developments, numerous books, CD/DVDs, and monographs on career topics and issues, and the previously mentioned Career Development Quarterly;
- Professional and technical training including the development of and ongoing training in the Career Development Facilitator (CDF) and Global Career development Facilitator (GCDF) programs, both of which have received national accreditation.
- The NCDA national annual conference provides an extensive array of seminars, institutes and programs focused for career professionals.
- NCDA has an active government relations committee which keeps members informed of the federal legislation affecting their practice.


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Chelan CountyPUD is gaining notoriety for its successful results on Habitat Conservation Plans for fish protection at Rock Island and Rocky Reach dams.
Chelan PUD worked with state and federal agencies for more than a decade to create the nation's first hydropower Habitat Conservation Plan to protect young salmon and steelhead as they migrate to the ocean.
PUD Director of Natural Resources, Keith Truscott, says the PUD recognizes its responsibilities to natural resources and stewardship obligations as operators of hydro-projects.
The PUD uses a combination of fish bypass and spill to help move the fish safely past the dams.
Keith adds that the PUD is required to measure juvenile fish survival rates to ensure the method is working.
Hydropower is America's largest source of clean, renewable electricity, avoiding 225 million metric tons of carbon emissions.
Chelan County PUD's innovative approach is said to be proof that it is possible to care for fish and the environment while ensuring the ability to generate clean, renewable hydropower."CLICK HERE" for Audio
"CLICK HERE" for Audio

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Perinatal Hepatitis B Information for Local Public Health
Information for local public health on perinatal hepatitis B.
Perinatal Hepatitis B
In order to prevent perinatal transmission of hepatitis B, all HBsAg-positive pregnant women and all infants born to HBsAg-positive women should be reported to MDH.
- Hepatitis B
Perinatal Reporting and HIPAA
Hepatitis B Prevention Program
The Minnesota Department of Health's Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program identifies and treats infants born to hepatitis B infected mothers to prevent perinatally acquired infection.
- Hepatitis B
General information on hepatitis B, vaccination, and statistics.
- The Role of Local Public Health in Preventing Perinatal Hepatitis B (PDF: 147KB/2 pages)
List of action steps for local public health to prevent perinatal hepatitis B.
- The Role of Prenatal Care Providers in Preventing Perinatal Hepatitis B (PDF: 133KB/2 pages)
List of action steps for prenatal care providers to prevent perinatal hepatitis B.
- The Role of Pediatric Primary Care Providers in Preventing Perinatal Hepatitis B (PDF: 127KB/2 pages)
List of action steps for pediatric primary care providers to prevent perinatal hepatitis B.
- Perinatal Hepatitis B Exposure Notification Letter (Word: 28KB/1 page)
Modifiable template letter for local public health to inform health care providers of infants in their care that have been exposed to hepatitis B during birth. To be used with the Hepatitis B Vaccination and Post-Vaccination Serology Results and Preterm Infant Hepatitis B Vaccination and Serology Schedule.
- Hepatitis B Vaccination and Post-Vaccination Serology Results (Word: 53KB/1 page)
Form for pediatric providers to complete and return to local public health to confirm hepatitis B immunity in exposed infants.
- Pediatric Hepatitis B Second Vaccination Series and Serology Letter (Word: 41KB/1 page)
Template letter for local public health to customize and send to health care providers.
- Premature Case Closure Letter (Word: 25KB/1 page)
Template letter for local public health to send to physicians when a mother is lost to follow-up and the infant has not completed the vaccine series and/or post-vaccination serology.
- Unable to Contact Letter (Word: 27KB/1 pages)
Template letter for local public health to send to mother's with HBV that they are unable to contact by phone.
- Transfer of Perinatal Hepatitis B Client to New County (Word: 73KB/1 page)
Sample of a form with the necessary information local public health would need when a hepatitis B client moves to a new county.
- Perinatal Hepatitis B Household Contact Follow-Up Report (PDF: 29KB/1 page)
Report form for household contacts of perinatal hepatitis B cases.
- Pediatric Hepatitis B Vaccination Schedule and PVS Guidance (PDF: 53KB/1 page)
Clinical guidelines for pediatric hepatitis B vaccination, post-vaccination serology (PVS), and follow-up.
- Preterm Infant Hepatitis B Vaccination and Serology Schedule (PDF: 43KB/1 page)
Clinical guidelines for vaccination and serology of preterm infants weighing less than 2000 grams.
- Hepatitis B Vaccine
Information Statement (VIS)
CDC's Vaccine Information Statement available in English and other languages from the Immunization Action Coalition. Attention: Non-MDH link
- Perinatal Hepatitis B Materials -
Order Form (PDF: 100KB/2 pages)
Order print materials on perinatal hepatitis B for patients and providers
- Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention
A pocket guide to assist healthcare providers with recommended strategies to prevent perinatal transmission of hepatitis B including the vaccine schedule for infants born to HBsAg positive mothers.
- Stop Hepatitis B Posters
Poster for hospitals and clinics.
- Minnesota Refugee Health
Provider Guide: Hepatitis B
A resource to assist providers in screening for hepatitis B on the Minnesota Initial Refugee Health Assessment.
- Directories for Organizations Serving Refugees
Resource directories for individuals working with diverse groups in Minnesota.


5 Replies Latest reply: Oct 30, 2007 12:19 PM by 807592 RSS
 Image edge detection
 Not strictly Java, but any Java code would be fine as an answer.
 How do you move from using an edge detection kernel which highlights edges within an image, to being able to store within a program values for where a circle is within the image? Or a line if that's simpler.
 Thanks for any suggestions.
 - 1. Re: Image edge detection
 There are several posible approaches. It gets trickier depending on how ambiguous the image is likely to be.
 One I've used recently is to scan a 4 x 4 box over the image classifying each box into states like "top left corner", "left vertical side", "edge crossing" etc. and hooking them up into polygons accordingly. Or you could have a small window actually follow an edge arround the picture.
 Inevitably though you're going to wind up with polygons or paths which you will then probably have to further classify.
 - 2. Re: Image edge detection
 Thanks, I suppose it'd help to say then that it would be an iris - so I'm looking for the pupil outer edge, the iris outer edge and enough width of the upper and lower eyelid to extend across the iris should they cover the iris in part.
 - 3. Re: Image edge detection
 for finding circles/ elipses you may want to consider performing a Circle Hough transform (either
 in the real or frequency domain). This is a very robust algorithm that can handle partial occlusions.
 Its a bit slow though. (Basically it can be implemented as a convolution). Better performance is
 often obtained if yourun an edge enchancement filter (a high pass filter) over your image before
 performing the circle hough transform.
 The result of the Hough transform is an image in which the largest values correspond to the
 centre points of circles that match your template/pattern and their mangatude is proportional to
 the size of the circle that was matched.
 - 4. Re: Image edge detection
 I've been working on cleaning up the image before looking for the circles and testing it against an applet (mark someone's... it's easy enough to find in a google).
 It's great for what I want, but now I'd like to move past this stage which means I need code to incorporate into my own app. I don't really want to use the code from the applet - it doesn't start with a buffered image, it uses a mediatracker which requires a component and as I understand it that means I can't use it in a console app... etc and basically his code is too bloated for me to understand and slim down.
 Can you (anyone) offer me a simple implementation of a circle Hough transform starting with a BufferedImage? I'm really after something that's specifically just the HT so I can get my head around the basic concepts before I start optimising it.
 Very grateful for any help, thanks!
 - 5. Re: Image edge detection
 Hey. I saw your posts about adge detection and detecting objects in an image back in 2004. I am working in a similar project were i have to detect the pupil and the iris from an image. Did you have any progress with your project. Did you aquired any useful knowledge that you could tell me?


Chain-reactive burst
We designed "chain-reactive burst" system as follows.
Each liposome contains triggers and drugs inside, and aptamers for the trigger on its surface. When liposomes are destroyed, new triggers and drugs are released. To achieve liposomal burst by outside triggers, we propose the following two approaches.
 - i) Bending approach
 - ii) Flower micelle approach
 - First, we considered a theory to disrupt liposomes by a trigger DNA signal through calculation. If a liposome is destroyed, its size becomes smaller. We estimated the free energy gap between the two liposomal states: a large liposome and a small one. And discuss which size of liposomes is more stable.
 Please see the details (Go to Calculation).
 i)Bending Approach
 Fig.1 Process of bending approach
 Our bending approach consists of the following four steps.
 1.Cholesterol-conjugated DNA strands (in the rest of this document, referred to as "aptamers") attach to the surfaces of liposomes.
 2. Then, DNA origami complementary to the aptamer is added as triggers.
 3. Triggers bind to the surfaces of liposomes and give a load on the membrane.
 4. Due to the load by triggers, liposomes are destroyed.
 a) Mechanism of bending membranes
 To destroy liposomes, we focused on the mechanism the living things use to bend cell membranes. We consider that if we could make use of the mechanism of bending membranes (destabilizing membranes), it would lead to the collapse of membranes. The following three mechanisms have been proposed as of now (Membrane-bending proteins)
 Fig.2 Mechanism of bending membranes
 The mechanism A is that amphipathic molecules are inserted into the cell membrane and the bending is caused. The inner hydrophobic part of the lipid bilayer has a strong adhesive power for the two leaflets. Thus, once the amphipathic molecules are inserted into one leaflet of the membrane and expand it, the other leaflet bends according to it, making its surface area smallest.
 The mechanism B is that the molecule attached to the membrane becomes a rigid scaffold and distort the membrane under itself, or stabilize the already bended membrane.
 The mechanism C is that lipid molecules are clustered in one leaflet of the membrane and the inequality of lipid quantity makes the membrane bend.
 Most membrane bending proteins combine the above three mechanisms.
 In addition, a theory that protein crowding causes the bending of cell membranes ( Membrane bending by proteinprotein crowding) has recently been suggested. This mechanism is that the collision of membrane proteins produces lateral pressure on membranes and distorts them.
 Due to the above reasons, the efficient design for destabilizing membranes is the structures that :
 - have rigid scaffolds
 - have large surface areas to maximize the effect of the scaffold on the membrane
 - produce a large pressure by collisions
 - b) Rigid scaffolds
 To make rigid scaffolds, we took note of DNA origami, because DNA origami is a method for making rigid structures of any shape. Moreover, we adopted a 2D structure to make the surface area largest.
 We also designed rectangle and triangle to make the pressure of the collision highest.
 Fig.3 Rectangle origami and triangle origami
 We suppose that rectangle and triangle structures are most effective for the following reasons.
 Rectangle is expected to work as one scaffold in itself; triangle (the most efficient figure that covers a sphere) structures, to gather and work as one big rigid scaffold.
 The design of our rectangular DNA origami is as below.
 Fig.4 Rectangular origami
 Fig.5 DNA origami designed by caDNAno
 We used caDNAno2 for our DNA origami design.
 The DNA origami has a rectangle shape of 67.6nm (26 helixes) by 127 nm (374 bases).
 We cut out a smaller rectangle of 10 helixes by 161 bases at one edge of this origami, so that we could distinguish the two sides during AFM (Atomic Force Microscope) observation.
 Besides, to destabilize the membrane by inserting this origami, we designed 141 staples at the center of the origami to hybridize with aptamers (These aptamers give our origami amphipathicity), and enabled it to insert into the membrane.
 To sum up, the aptamer not only connects DNA origami and liposomes but also inserts into the membrane and destabilizes it.
 Fig.6 Unstable liposome
 ii)Flower micelle approach
 Fig.7 Process of flower micelle approach
 Fig.8 Flower micelle method
 There is a method called flower micelles for collapsing liposomes.
 In this method, we cover the surfaces of liposomes with many copolymer rings. The rings can be distorted by heating, place some stress on the liposomes, and collapse them.
 We tried to collapse liposomes by applying this mechanism of flower micelles.
 1. First, we mix aptamers (the same strands as used in i) Bending approach), loop strands, and liposomes.
 Each of the loop strands is designed to have two complementary parts to aptamers at its both ends. So when it binds to the aptamers at the both ends, the middle part remains single-stranded and becomes a loop.
 As an aptamer is cholesterol-conjugated and has high affinity for a liposome, it floats on a liposome and enables the aptamer-loop strand complex attach to the liposome. In other words, a loop strand hybridizes with a liposome via two aptamers.
 Fig.9 Make loops on the surface of a liposome
 2. Next, we add a trigger strand corresponding (complementary) to the loop strand on the liposome. The trigger strand hybridizes with the loop part, making it change to be straight.
 3. The double-stranded part keeps straight (though it was originally a loop part), because the trigger strand is designed to be shorter than its persistence length.
 Fig.10 How to straighten loop
 4.In this process, some stress is placed on the liposome, and it is collapsed.
 Fig.11 Liposomal burst
 It is considered if some triggers are kept inside a liposome, and the liposomal membrane is collapsed by the above i) and ii) methods from the outside, it would be much easy to trigger "Chain-reactive burst", because the released triggers serve as new triggers for neighbor liposomes.
 We designed the DNA sequences for this approach by DNA design, software for designing DNA sequences.
 We arranged three kinds of loop strands.
 Each loop strand has a 40nt, 20nt, or 10nt loop part (shown below in black and blue), which becomes a loop after the hybridization of the whole loop strand with aptamers.
 The blue part of a loop strand is complementary to a corresponding trigger strand (also shown in blue). So a loop strand and a trigger strand are expected to hybridize with each other, place some stress on a liposome, and collapse it.
 The red part of a loop strand is complementary to an aptamer (shown in red). Cooperating with aptamers, it enables the whole loop strand to attach to the surface of a liposome.
 Aptamers are the same strands as those used in i)Bending approach.
 Aptamer DNA
 CCAGAAGACG -cholesterol
 40nt loop DNA
 Trigger DNA for 40 nt loop DNA
 20nt loop DNA
 Trigger DNA for 20 nt loop DNA
 10nt loop DNA
 Trigger DNA for 10 nt loop DNA
 温度上昇を感知して割れて始まりのトリガーを放出するイニシエーターとして私たちはPNIPAM付リポソームを使用した。 Hydrophobicity of NIPAM varies at temperatures. NIPAM is hydrophilic at less than 32 ºC, but it become hydrophobic and shrinks at > 32 ºC. Therefore, liposomes containing a modified NIPAM (poly(NIPAM-co-AA-co-ODA) in their membranes become unstable at high temperature (temperature-sensitive liposomes). Consequently, increasing temperature disrupt the liposomes.
 Reference( pdf)


February 21
Questions for February 21, 2021
 1. What opportunities did God give you this week? What has God been teaching you this week or this morning through the message?
 2. Scott Shared about his Friendship with his friend Scott. Would you say that these types of Deep friendships are hard to find/develop or they happen a lot?
 3. Interesting that Phileo means "Brotherly Love" yet many say that women have deeper friendships then men. Do you agree with this why or why not?
 4. What are your thoughts on Jesus exchange with Peter? Especially with Jesus asking if Peter Agape's him and Peter says yes, I Phileo you?
 5. Practically speaking what would be the difference between someone you have an Agape relationship with and someone you have a Phileo relationship with?
 6. True or False believes are ALWAYS called to AGAPE others?
 7. How can we be lifting you up in prayer this week?


Uniola paniculata
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 (Redirected from Sea oats)
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Sea oats
Uniola paniculata (plume).jpg
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Genus: Uniola
U. paniculata
Binomial name
Uniola paniculata
Uniola paniculata, also known as sea oats, seaside oats, araña, and arroz de costa,[1] is a tall subtropical grass that is an important component of coastal sand dune and beach plant communities in the southeastern United States, eastern Mexico and some Caribbean islands. Its large seed heads that turn golden brown in late summer give the plant its common name. Its tall leaves trap wind-blown sand and promote sand dune growth, while its deep roots and extensive rhizomes act to stabilize them, so the plant helps protect beaches and property from damage due to high winds, storm surges and tides. It also provides food and habitat for birds, small animals and insects.[1]
Uniola paniculata on a sand dune crest at John U. Lloyd Beach State Park, Florida.
Uniola paniculata is a tall, erect perennial grass that can grow to 1 to 2 m (3.3 to 6.6 ft) in height. Its long, thin leaves reach lengths of 20 to 40 cm (8 to 15.5 in) and are about 0.6 cm (0.24 in) in width, tapering to a pointed apex. The plant produces inflorescences of flat spikelets, each of which contains 10 to 12 wind-pollinated florets.[1] These ripen to golden brown infructescences or seed heads in late summer. The seeds are dispersed by wind and can be carried long distances by storms and ocean currents, but reproduction commonly occurs vegetatively by forming buds around stem bases.[2]
The plant forms dense surface roots and penetrating deep roots that are colonized by beneficial organisms such as mycorrhizal fungi. Rhizomes are elongate and produce extensive lateral growth. They root readily when buried in sand.[2]
Uniola paniculata uses a C4 pathway for carbon fixation.[3]
Distribution and habitat[edit]
Uniola paniculata is found on beach fronts and barrier islands along the Atlantic Coast from New Jersey[4][5][6] to Florida, and the Gulf Coast from Florida to Tabasco, Mexico. The range of Uniola paniculata along the US Atlantic coastline is expanding northward.[4][6] It also occurs in the Bahamas and northwestern Cuba. It grows primarily on foredunes and dune crests. It is uncommon in swales between dunes where salt spray is limited, and it is rarely found inland.[1][2]
Growing conditions[edit]
U. paniculata colonizing a sand dune at John U. Lloyd Beach State Park, Florida.
Due to the harsh conditions in which it grows, U. paniculata has little competition from other plants. It is heat tolerant and highly resistant to drought, salinity and brief inundation by sea water. It grows in loose sand rather than finer-grained silty or clay-rich soils and does not tolerate water-logging.[7] The plants tend to trap blowing sand, and burial of the plant base by sand stimulates growth and helps the plant spread by tacking down the rhizomes.[8]
Uniola paniculata is adversely affected by urban encroachment. Treated and untreated sewage, urban runoff and pollution from marinas all impact the plant. Off-road vehicles and foot traffic damage the plants, disrupt their roots and compact the sand. Loss of the plants leads to erosion and loss of protective dunes.[2]
Sea oats are well suited to saline environments, and as such, are important to barrier island ecology and are often used in sand stabilization projects because their long root structure firmly holds loose sand. For example, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, colonies of sea oats have been planted at several beaches. The oats are a crucial component of the area's hurricane defense strategy and have helped to stave off damage from tropical storms. The sea oat colonies and nascent dune structure they support are expected to flourish.[9]
Legal protection[edit]
Sea oats are a protected grass in several states along the southeastern Atlantic coast. Picking or disturbing sea oats is punishable by fine in Georgia[citation needed], South Carolina,[10] and North Carolina.[11] Florida by law also prohibits interfering with sea oats and protects nurserymen that grow sea oats.[12]
Wildlife habitat[edit]
Seeds of U. paniculata provide food for red-winged blackbirds, sparrows and other songbirds, as well as marsh rabbits and mice.[2] Florida ornithologists have discovered that the pygmy burrowing owl makes its nest within sea oat colonies to conceal its young from natural predators such as the frigatebirds.[citation needed]
 1. ^ a b c d Hazell, J., Brown, S.H. and Cooprider, K., Univ. of Florida, IFAS Extension, Lee County, Southwest Florida. "Uniola paniculata" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-06-30. Retrieved 2014-11-28.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
 2. ^ a b c d e K. Hill, Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce (2001). "Uniola paniculata". Retrieved 2014-11-28.
 3. ^ Lonard, Robert (2011). "Biological Flora of Coastal Dunes and wetlands: Uniola paniculata L". Journal of Coastal Research. 27: 984–993. doi:10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-10-00167.1. S2CID 129463689.
 4. ^ a b Goldstein, Evan B.; Mullins, Elsemarie V.; Moore, Laura J.; Biel, Reuben G.; Brown, Joseph K.; Hacker, Sally D.; Jay, Katya R.; Mostow, Rebecca S.; Ruggiero, Peter (2018-06-08). "Literature-based latitudinal distribution and possible range shifts of two US east coast dune grass species (Uniola paniculata and Ammophila breviligulata)". PeerJ. 6: e4932. doi:10.7717/peerj.4932. ISSN 2167-8359. PMC _PHONE_. PMID 29900075.
 5. ^ "US East Coast Dune Grass Literature Map". ebgoldstein.github.io. Retrieved 2018-06-08.
 6. ^ a b Goldstein, Evan; Mullins, Elsemarie; Moore, Laura; Biel, Reuben; Brown, Joseph; Hacker, Sally; Jay, Katya; Mostow, Rebecca; Ruggiero, Peter; Zinnert, Julie (2018). "Data Portal - Data Package Summary | Long Term Ecological Research Network (LTER)" (Data Set). Environmental Data Initiative. doi:10.6073/pasta/bdbe9a609e0508fdb7e39bc41f75bf6f. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
 7. ^ Hester, Mark W.; Mendelssohn, Irving A. (1989-03-01). "Water relations and growth responses of Uniola paniculata (sea oats) to soil moisture and water-table depth". Oecologia. 78 (3): 289–296. doi:10.1007/BF00379100. ISSN 0029-8549. PMID 28312572. S2CID _PHONE_.
 8. ^ R.A. Shadow, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, East Texas Plant Materials Center, Nacogdoches, TX. "Plant Fact Sheet for Sea Oats (Uniola paniculata L)" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-11-28.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
 9. ^ South Florida Sun Sentinel. "Sea Oats". Retrieved 2014-11-30.
 10. ^ "SC Code § 16-11-590 (2013)". Retrieved 27 September 2014.
 11. ^ "NCGS § 14-129.2". Retrieved 4 April 2013.
 12. ^ "Chapter 161 Section 242 - 2011 Florida Statutes". Retrieved 30 October 2017.


Authentication of Documents
Requirements for Transportation of a Deceased Body
 1. Proof that the deceased person was a Kenyan e.g. Original Passport, Birth Certificate.
 2. Locally issued burial and/or transit permit.
 3. Certified copy of the Death Certificate.
 4. A letter from the local health authority certifying that the deceased did not die of contagious disease.
 5. A metal hermetically sealable casket is recommended.
 6. A letter from the Director of funeral home stating how the body was embalmed.
 7. Telephone number if available of Next of Kin or friends in Kenya.


text:
The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 lay down particular requirements for most aspects of the working environment. Regulation 7 deals specifically with the temperature in indoor workplaces and states that:
'During working hours, the temperature in all workplaces inside buildings shall be reasonable.'
A reasonable temperature for a workplace depends on work activity and the environmental conditions of the workplace. The temperature in workrooms should normally be at least:
- 16°C or
- 13°C if much of the work involves rigorous physical effort.
Providing adequate workplace heating through the use of portable heaters may be necessary. Any heating system must not give off dangerous or offensive levels of fume into the workplace.
Outdoor working in cold weather
The HSE does not have specific guidance for working in temperatures below 13°C however you can help ensure thermal comfort when working in the cold by:
- reducing cold exposure by designing processes that minimise exposure to cold areas and cold products where possible.
- reducing draughts.
- providing insulating floor coverings or special footwear when employees have to stand for long periods on cold floors.
- providing appropriate protective clothing for cold environments.
- introducing formal systems of work to limit exposure, eg flexible working patterns, job rotation.
- providing sufficient breaks to enable employees to get hot drinks or to warm up in heated areas.


text:
The Rise and Fall of the WASP and Jewish Law Firms
University of Denver Sturm College of Law
Stanford Law Review, Forthcoming
U Denver Legal Studies Research Paper No. 08-15
During their golden era in the 1950s and 1960s, large American law firms were segregated along religious and cultural lines between WASP and Jewish law firms. The rise and success of large law firms with distinctive religious and cultural identities is surprising because the large firm was purportedly a-religious and meritocratic.
This Article asserts that the large WASP law firm, despite its ostensibly a-religious organizational structure, had a deeply rooted religious and cultural identity. Its commitments to Protestant values and white-shoe ethos help explain its rise at the turn of the nineteenth century, its successful campaign for elite professional status within the ranks of the legal profession, and its dominance until 1945. Moreover, the religious and cultural identity of the large WASP firm also explains the rise and success of its main competitor after 1945 - the Jewish law firm. Exploring the consequences of the WASP firm's commitments to Protestant values and white-shoe culture, this Article identifies unique reasons for the remarkable success story of the Jewish firm, whose growth rate far exceeded that of the WASP firm. Finally, the Article chronicles the disintegration of the religious identity of the large firm, WASP and, as a result, Jewish alike.
Number of Pages in PDF File: 66
Date posted: May 29, 2008
© 2015 Social Science Electronic Publishing, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Index to Plant Chromosome Numbers (IPCN)
The Index to Plant Chromosome Numbers is an NSF funded project that aims to extract and index original plant chromosome numbers of naturally occurring and cultivated plants published throughout the world. A committee of voluntary contributing editors, located in various parts of the world, reviews sets of serial titles assigned to them and returns the information to the editors for collation in the Index and database. Chromosome indexes are published at two or three year intervals. The Index to Plant Chromosome Numbers project has been based at the Missouri Botanical Garden since 1978. Data from published indexes from 1979 onward are available for consultation through this facility.
For additional information, see the last supplement by Goldblatt & Johnson 2006. Index to Plant Chromosome Numbers 2001-2003. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 106.
An Index covering the years 2004-2006 is in preparation and will be published in the fall of 2008 as: Goldblatt & Johnson 2008. Index to Plant Chromosome Numbers 2004-2006. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden.
Many but not all data in the printed version of the Index to Plant Chromosome Numbers (1979-- ) are available on the Web in the IPCN database. The printed indexes and the database provide references to chromosome counts reported in the original literature. We therefore request that the IPCN database itself not be cited as the source for chromosome counts. If there is a need to cite the IPCN database, we recommend the following:
Index to plant chromosome numbers. 1979--. P. Goldblatt & D. E. Johnson, eds. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.


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How to Submit A Part That You've Created
- Create a new library using your user name. (example username.lib, daya.lib)
- Copy your parts into the new library using Library Manager.
- Copy the new library to the EECAD folder located at \\jlabgrp\eecad\PCAD\Inbox or send it as an email attachment to Roger.
- E-mail Roger to let him know the parts are there and to give himg a description of what you have sent.


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Suppose $A,B,C$ are finite cyclic groups such that $A = B \times C$, where the orders of $B$ and $C$ are $p$ and $p^2$ respectively, where $p$ is a prime. What are the orders of $End(A)$ and $Aut(A)$?
Mathematics Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for people studying math at any level and professionals in related fields. It's 100% free, no registration required.
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- Anybody can ask a question
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- The best answers are voted up and rise to the top
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Update (10/27/2023): The seventh Philadelphia school in 2023 closed due to asbestos. According to the Philadelphia Inquirer, Southwark Elementary School closed in October. Most students would attend South Philly High School. It's the first school closure in Philadelphia of the 2023-2024 school year.
Update (05/01/2023): The sixth Philadelphia school in 2023 was closed due to finding asbestos. According to CBS News, Universal Vare Charter School is temporarily closed asbestos was detected during a routine check.
Update (04/25/2023): Another school in Philadelphia closed due to asbestos. According to NBC10 Philadelphia, C.W. Henry School in the Mount Airy neighborhood closed due to finds of the cancerous substance. This makes five Philadelphia schools to close because of asbestos just in 2023.
There's another chapter to the ongoing asbestos crisis in Philadelphia public school buildings.
According to the ABC affiliate in Philadelphia and other media outlets, two more Philadelphia schools closed due to discoveries of dangerous asbestos. This makes multiple reports in the last few weeks of Philadelphia schools dealing with asbestos sightings.
According to the reports, Frankford High School and Mitchell Elementary School closed down the second week of April, after Spring Break ended. Virtual learning began Tuesday, April 11. There are approximately 900 students at Frankford High and 350 students at Mitchell Elementary.
According to the Philadelphia Inquirer, the issue occurred due to inaccurate record-keeping of asbestos-containing plaster. The records inaccurately labeled the plaster as "non-asbestos containing" and safe for decades.
Reports state Frankford High School may reopen within a week after closing, but Mitchell Elementary School should remain closed for the rest of the school year. While virtual learning is a temporary solution for the students, the plan reportedly is to find an in-person setting for Mitchell Elementary students for the remainder of the school year.
What Is Asbestos?
Asbestos is a dangerous mineral that can cause mesothelioma cancer, lung cancer and other deadly diseases. It is a fire-resistant and durable substance capable of preventing fire damage in buildings. However, as years pass with no renovation or repairs, asbestos can decay and fragment, which releases sharp fibers that can cause cancer if inhaled or ingested.
During the 20th century, many buildings were constructed with asbestos inside of the walls, in roof tiles and more. School buildings were part of the group, and many old school buildings that haven't been renovated in decades still contain decaying asbestos.
Asbestos Concerns Among Philadelphia Schools in 2023
These are the third and fourth Philadelphia buildings to close due to asbestos just in 2023. Building 21 High School closed down in March as students were relocated to Strawberry Mansion High School. The next week, Mastery Charter Simon Gratz High School was shut down. They reopened soon after.
According to The Philadelphia Inquirer, approximately 400 students from Building 21 High School have occupied one floor of Strawberry Mansion High School since the school closed.
As of October 2023, there have been seven Philadelphia schools to close since March 2023:
- Building 21
- Frankford High
- C.W. Henry Elementary
- Mastery Simon Gratz High
- Mitchell Elementary
- Southwark Elementary
- Universal Vare charter school
There have been other Philadelphia schools dealing with asbestos prior to 2023. The crisis began in 2019, when Benjamin Franklin High School and Science Leadership Academy shut down. Five more schools shut down in 2019 and four schools shut down in 2020, prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.
If not for the pandemic shutting down in-person learning, there might have been more asbestos sightings in other schools a lot sooner than in 2023.
- 2 Philadelphia schools discuss next steps following asbestos discovery. ABC6. Retrieved from: _URL_ Accessed: 04/12/2023.
- Frankford High School. Great Philly Schools. Retrieved from: _URL_ Accessed: 04/12/2023.
- Mitchell Elementary School. U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved from: _URL_ Accessed: 04/12/2023.
- Asbestos is closing two more Philly schools — one for the rest of the year. Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved from: _URL_ Accessed: 04/13/2023.
- South Philadelphia school temporarily closed after finding asbestos. CBS News. Retrieved from: _URL_ Accessed: 05/01/2023.
- Asbestos closes Southwark Elementary School. Most students to relocate to South Philly High. The Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved from: _URL_ Accessed: 10/27/2023.
Sources & Author
Sources & Author


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How to Create Table Easily in Microsoft Word Document. Table is a necessity if we have to show a considerable amount of data. To create a table in Microsoft Word 2007 is quite simple way. You can instantly see how many rows and columns of the table you wish to make. To create a table in Microsoft Word 2007 you can do so by following steps.
- Select / place the text cursor at the place or location where the table will be inserted in the document.
- Click on the Insert ribbon menu
- Then click the table. You're immediately given how many columns and rows that will be made.
- Suppose we want to create a table with a size of 5 columns and 7 rows, then point the cursor to the right to form a box of 5 x 7 (5 columns, 7 rows). Then click the box in the lower right. Tables will be directly inserted in your document.
- If you want to create a table with a size of 9 or more rows, or columns of a table with 11 columns or more then to make it you have to click the Insert Table …item
- When you click Insert Table, you will be given a dialog to fill in the number of rows and columns as well as size.
- In the dialogue:
- Number of Columns: required number of columns you want
- Number of rows: required number of rows you want
- Fixed Column width: the width for each column
- Autofit to Contents: the table will be created with a minimum size, and will become more width automatically according to the content that you enter
- Autofit to window: the table will be made as wide as the existing window, the width of each column divided equally / equal.
- Remember dimensions for new tables: if you provide a check that you fill then the value will be the default value if you will create the table again
- Fill in values in the table carefully, and then press the OK button to create a table in the document.
Tips Creating tables in Microsoft Word
- Arrange the table columns to fit the format you want.
- If you want to create a calendar format or wish to use the supplied table format you can see it on a Quick Tables.. item


The 'Real' Triple Crown
2002-195 trophy
In 2006 a silver shield was produced as the physical embodiment of an idea that had existed since 1894. The Triple Crown was first made reference to by the Irish Times in 1894 after Ireland had defeated England, Wales and Scotland in a single season for the first time. Since then the notion of a mythical crown has been a firm part of rugby lexicon and the Triple Crown is one of several accolades contested annually during the 6-Nations Championship.
1914 Triple Crown Illustration
However the 2006 shield was not the first such trophy to have been proposed. In 1975 Dave Merrington, a retired miner from County Durham, sculpted an ornate crown embellished with an English rose, Irish shamrock, Scottish thistle and Welsh Prince of Wales feathers out of a piece of coal that had been hewn from the Haig Colliery in Whitehaven, Cumbria.
This 'Real' Triple Crown was then offered to the four home unions as a trophy for whichever team successfully defeated the other three. Tudor Jones, sports editor for Coal News, campaigned for several years to have the trophy accepted by the unions but eventually conceded defeat when Gareth Edwards and Gerald Davies, themselves sons of miners, sIMG_0554aid that they would prefer for the crown to remain the stuff of legend.
The 'Real' Triple Crown however lived on. In 2000 it was formally presented to the World Rugby Museum by former England centre Jeff Butterfield.
Follow the World Rugby Museum on Facebook and Twitter
This entry was posted in England, Ireland, Museum Collection, Scotland, Wales. Bookmark the permalink.
5 Responses to The 'Real' Triple Crown
 1. Phil Mead says:
 There are several types of coal, with different calorific values and density. The coal used for the Triple Crown is anthracite, which is very hard and has a high calorific value and therefore expensive to buy.
 Liked by 1 person
 2. Huw Richards says:
 The timing is interesting. 1894 completed a cycle, never since repeated, in which all four countries won in turn in as many seasons. That also included the first Triple Crowns for Scotland (1891), Wales (1893) and Ireland (1894). So it marks a point at which beating the other three becomes a serious feat, since all are potential winners themselves. There's a similar significance to the arrival of the Grand Slam as a concept in the late 1950s. I interviewed several players who took part in Wales's Grand Slam seasons of 1950 and 1952 more than 50 years after that achievement. They all remembered it in terms of the Triple Crown. That's because it was still assumed that any team good enough to win the Triple Crown would also beat France. By the mid 1950s this was no longer the case (and only about half the Triple Crown winners since have completed a Slam) so the new term reflected a changing reality.
 Liked by 2 people
 - Thanks Huw, that's interesting to hear the 1950s Welsh player's perspective. Our understanding is that it was the Times newspaper that first coined the term 'Grand Slam' (as it applies to northern hemisphere rugby) the day before England achieved a clean-sweep in 1957.
 3. Carin meider says:
 Who was the 1st team to win The Triple Crown made from Coal
 4. Hi Carin, the trophy was never awarded but Wales were the first side to win a Triple Crown (1976) after it was carved.
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"People who have received lung transplants often have weak muscles and limited endurance due to their sedentary lifestyle before their transplant and the drugs they need to take after surgery," explains lead author Dr. Daniel Langer, a Belgian expert in respiratory diseases and rehabilitation.
Recent research by the authors showed that transplant patients often remain inactive after surgery. Up to a half also develop illnesses such as osteoporosis, high cholesterol levels and diabetes, with around 90% developing high blood pressure. It is well known that these health problems can be prevented by a physically active lifestyle.
"We were keen to explore whether an exercise training intervention would be capable of partially reversing these remaining limitations in muscle function, enabling patients to improve exercise capacity and increase their participation in daily activities."
Forty patients who had not experienced complications after single or double lung transplants were randomly allocated to two groups, with 21 patients taking part in a three-month exercise initiative and the other 19 forming the control group. Demographics for both groups, who had an average age of 59, were similar.
Patients in the intervention group exercised three times a week following their discharge from hospital, with each session lasting about 90 minutes. The training included cycling, walking, stair climbing and resistance exercise using leg press equipment. Exercise intensity increased during the three-month training programme.
The control group did not take part in the training regime. However, all the patients took part in daily mobility exercises in hospital after surgery, for an average of six weeks. This included walking, cycling, stair climbing and resistance exercises.
The authors compared daily walking, physical fitness, quality of life and ill health from cardiovascular disease between the two groups. This included monitoring their blood pressure during normal activities over a 24-hour period.
Key findings included:
- One year after hospital discharge 18 patients remained in the intervention group, with 16 in the control group. Five patients were lost to severe medical complications and one was unwilling to continue.
- After a year, the patients in the intervention group were walking an average of 85 minutes a day (plus or minus 27 minutes), while the control group were walking an average of 54 minutes a day (plus or minus 30 minutes).
- Quadriceps muscle force, how far the patients could walk in six minutes and self-reported physical functioning were significantly higher in the patients who exercised.
- Average 24-hour diastolic and systolic blood pressure was significantly lower in the treated patients.
"Our study showed patients who had uncomplicated lung transplant surgery benefitted greatly from supervised exercise training, which was initiated immediately after they were discharged from hospital," concludes Dr. Langer, from the Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences and the Respiratory Rehabilitation and Respiratory Division at University Hospitals KULeuven.
The patients who took part in the exercise program engaged in more physical activity in the first year following hospital discharge, which in turn resulted in favorable health outcomes.
They achieved better physical fitness against a number of key measures, reported better physical functioning and had lower blood pressure and better cardiovascular health than the patients in the control group.
"We believe that this research underlines the considerable benefits of structured exercise programmes following uncomplicated lung transplant surgery," the authors note.


Hackers are on the hunt for Oracle servers weak to potent exploit
Johannes Ullrich, dean of research at the SANS Technology Institute, said his organization's honeypots had detected Internetwide scans that probe for vulnerable servers. CVE-2020-14882, as the vulnerability is tracked, has a severity rating of 9.8 out of 10 on the CVSS scale. Oracle's October advisory accompanying a patch said exploits are low in complexity and require low privileges and no user interaction.
"At this point, we are seeing the scans slow down a bit," Ullrich wrote in a post. "But they have reached 'saturation' meaning that all IPv4 addresses have been scanned for this vulnerability. If you find a vulnerable server in your network: Assume it has been compromised."
Honeypots are servers that are deliberately left exposed or unpatched. They're meant to act as a barometer for tracking Internet attack activity. When hackers scan or exploit them, researchers know that specific vulnerabilities are under threat of attack.
Ullrich said in an interview that SANS honeypots have received GET Web requests that attempt to query whether a server is running a vulnerable version of WebLogic. The honeypots weren't set up to respond that they were vulnerable, so he doesn't yet know if the attackers are simply compiling a list of vulnerable machines or are actively exploiting them once they're found. Advertisement
In the past few hours, he configured the servers to indicate they're vulnerable, but so far he has yet to see active exploits. He also said it's possible that some of the scans are coming from people doing benign research.
The scans come amid warnings that Russian ransomware hackers are targeting hundreds of US hospitals and healthcare providers. Exploits as potent as those against CVE-2020-14882 would likely provide everything needed to initiate such an attack.
Vulnerable versions of WebLogic include,,, and Oracle credited voidfyoo of Chaitin Security Research Lab with its discovery.
Steven Gregory


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The cemetery as seen up close as approaching from the road.
This stone rests directly beneath a tree that appears to be about 250 years old.
This is the only stone that has retained its shape. However, if there were any engravings, weather, and time, have worn them away.
This stone has kept part of its original shape, however, it is rough and no engravings are visible.
This stone is partially embedded in the ground, and is sticking up only about 4-inches.
Another stone that has been worn away by time and weather. No markings visible.
And the last stone: at first I thought this was just a rock, but when you look closely, you can see it has been chiseled and is actually a grave stone. No markings are visible.
Another view of the stone beneath the tree. This is looking out toward the road. As you can see, across the road is an old abandoned farmhouse. How appropriate that the two face one another.
It is a sad, sad place.
Another view of the only complete stone at the cemetery. This is looking toward the east, and Gap Valley, shortly after sunrise. It appears that most of the stones are set in an east to west point in the cemetery. [The odd looking shape on the right is a tree stump, from where a tree was cut down many years ago, and its stump never cleared away.]
This concludes all of the stones at the Neel Cemetery.


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Vertex Map OperatorBasic Parameter
Vertex Map Operator
Weight maps store a value between 0.0 to 1.0 for each point in an object. These values affect how strongly each point is influenced when deformers are applied to the object. With the Weightmap node, not only can you read these weight values, you can change them also.


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Tuesday 21 May
Banggai crow (Corvus unicolor)
What's the World's Favourite Species?Find out here.
Banggai crow fact file
- Find out more
- Print factsheet
Banggai crow description
This medium-sized crow is entirely black with a light iris and relatively short tail. The slender-billed crow (Corvus enca) is very similar to the Banggai crow, but can be distinguished by its larger overall size, bigger bill and proportionately longer tail (2).
- Length: 39 cm (2)
Banggai crow biology
No information exists on the social, reproductive or feeding behaviour of the Banggai crow (4).Top
Banggai crow range
Visits to the Banggai islands in 1981, 1991 and 1996 yielded no definite records of this species, but observations of black crows on Banggai Island in 1981, and a small crow seen at the western end of Peleng Island (within Banggai archipelago) in 1991 gave hope that the species still occurred (4). This hope was fulfilled when, in 2007, further surveys of Peleng Island successfully located two specimens of Banggai crow (5).Top
Banggai crow habitat
The Banggai crow occupies montane forest (5).Top
Banggai crow status
The Banggai crow is classified as Critically Endangered (CR) on the IUCN Red List (1).Top
Banggai crow threats
Based on the small number of records for this species, and the rapid rates of habitat loss within its range, the Banggai crow is likely to have only a very small population (2). Unfortunately, it remains hunted by local residents of Peleng Island (5).
In addition, extensive deforestation threatens to claim the last remaining areas of this species' habitat (2) (3) (4). The Banggai crow may also be affected by competition with the slender-billed crow (C. enca) (3).Top
Banggai crow conservation
Following its rediscovery, conservation efforts are being undertaken to protect the Banggai crow and its forest habitat, promoting sustainable agriculture, and possibly eco-tourism, as well as educating local people about the bird's plight (2) (5).
Along with these efforts, further surveys and the establishment of a protected area are necessary to ensure that the Banggai crow is not lost again (2).Top
Find out more
For further information on the Banggai crow see:
- BirdLife International (2001) Threatened birds of Asia: the BirdLife International Red Data Book. BirdLife International, Cambridge, UK.
This information is awaiting authentication by a species expert, and will be updated as soon as possible. If you are able to help please contact:
IUCN Red List (October, 2009)
BirdLife International (October, 2009)
Oriental Bird Club (October, 2009)
- BirdLife International. (2001) Threatened birds of Asia: the BirdLife International Red Data Book. BirdLife International, Cambridge, UK.
Wildlife Extra (October, 2009)
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Spain: No Smokers Group Presents Petition to Ban Smoking on Beaches
The group has been gathering signatures for over two years. Their aim is transforming Spain's 3,084 miles (4,964km) of coastline into areas free of cigarette smoke and waste. Delivered to the minister Teresa Ribera, the petition asks for a national legislation on the issue.
Raquel Fernández Megina of No Fumadores said that the signatures "send the message that we can't wait any longer", adding that a ban would protect beachgoers from the effects of secondhand smoke while also curbing the ubiquitous cigarette butts that litter many of the country's beaches. She highlighted that about 475 local beaches have already been declared smoke free.
How discarded cigarette butts affect the environment
A 2019 study published in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety had indicated how cigarette butts can disrupt an ecosystem. Titled, "Cigarette butts have adverse effects on initial growth of perennial ryegrass (gramineae: Lolium perenne L.) and white clover (leguminosae: Trifolium repens L.)" this research had found that the presence of cigarette butts in the soil harms certain plants.
"Despite being a common sight littering streets and parks worldwide, our study is the first to show the impact of cigarette butts on plants," said lead author Dannielle Green, Ph.D. "Many smokers think cigarette butts quickly biodegrade and therefore don't really consider them as a litter. In reality, the filter is made out of a type of bioplastic that can take years, if not decades to break down."
Data indicate that over five trillion butts are generated by smokers each year worldwide. Since they are small enough to appear more harmless than the more visible type of rubbish, cigarette butts are more likely to be disposed of inappropriately. Therefore they tend to pile up in parks, beaches, streets and bus stops.
The UK asks Big Tobacco to take responsibility for this litter
In 2020, the UK Environment Minister Rebecca Pow warned local tobacco companies to do something about the millions of cigarette butts littering local streets, or else face new tougher measures.
Minister Pow summoned the major players in the industry focusing her fire on the Tobacco Manufacturers' Association and cigarette giants Philip Morris and Japan Tobacco International, which owns the Silk Cut, Camel and Benson & Hedges brands. "If we cannot progress this discussion… we will have to reflect on what steps the Government can take to ensure the tobacco industry takes increasing responsibility for the litter its products create," she said in a letter addressed to the tobacco firms.
Read Further: The Guardian
New Zealand: A Vape Ban Imposed on Otago's Most Popular Beaches
Adblock test (Why?)
Source: VapingPost


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Video credit: Clima Severo Mundial
A mysterious video recently surfaced that shows an unidentified flying object either arriving or leaving Earth through a bright blue plasma-like wormhole. The footage was allegedly captured somewhere in Arizona on a stormy day. "Arizona is a famous hot-spot for UFOs and Alien bases, so its nice to get this substantial evidence of their existence in that area. This is an alien ship, shooting off through the clouds, leaving earth," said Scott C Waring from UFO Sightings Daily. Continue reading for another video of a purported UFO crossing the moon.
"In the search for alien life, conspiracy theorists claim they have spotted a UFO crossing the moon. The object appeared as the Miami Observatory in Florida streamed a live feed of the moon's surface earlier this month. It is unclear what the dark disc-shaped object is, but a well-known UFO enthusiast suggests that it is a craft created by an intelligent species," reports The Daily Mail.


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Statement of Significance (as of designation - April 11, 1989):
The world's only surviving four-masted, full-rigged ship, FALLS OF CLYDE (1878) is the oldest surviving American tanker and the only surviving sailing oil tanker left afloat. Built during a shipbuilding boom inspired by increasing trade with the United States, the ship made several voyages to American ports while under the British flag. Sold to American owners in 1898, it gained American registry by a special act of Congress in 1900. Henceforth she was involved in the nationally important Hawaiian trans-Pacific sugar trade and later in transporting petroleum as a bulk cargo carrier.


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The sorting line is designed to categorize and automatically sort the raw material (bacon) based on process measurements performed by the FOSS MeatMaster II Apparatus. The line consists of 4 sorting stations and one rejecting station for elements that do not meet the production requirements. The basic application has been additionally equipped with a statistical analysis module of measurement data.
Process measurements processed by the control system:
- fat content,
- geometric dimensions of the raw material (length, height, width),
- raw material density.
The completed application fulfills the following tasks:
- presentation of current measurement data,
- data archiving,
- generating production reports,
- printing labels,
- defining the required production parameters.
Tasks performed by AB-Micro Sp. z o.o.:
- measuring/control equipment specification and delivery (GE, Sick, Siemens),
- implementation of process software in the SCADA Movicon 11 environment,
- development of control software for the Simatic S7-1200 controller,
- prefabrication of a control cabinet (Rittal),
- installation of measuring/control equipment,
- integration of the control system with the weighbridge,
- starting the sorting line.


text: On 18th of February "Nazarbayev Intellectual School of Physics and Mathematics in Semey" organized the demonstrative methodological day for Pedagogical Collage named after M.O. Auezov and local schools. Teachers and students share their experiences with each other and it is the great work that we provide partnership with the NIS. Students were encouraged to practice their theory knowledge during their daily classes in order to stimulate their professional activities and share experiences in various subjects.Students studying the specialty Kazakh language and literature, technology, English, physical education, felt the effectiveness of leadership and mastering the best technologies of self-education through open lessons, trainings. Also, they visited the NIS library and learned new ways to get information from library staff. The information literacy training was very informative and interested.We thank NIS administration and the college administration for establishing a social partnership between college and intellectual school!


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Hesperocallis undulata Desert Lily 10 seeds
Seeds Hesperocallis undulata Ajo Lily or Desert Lily. Very fragrant, large waxy white flowers. Narrow, wavy-margined leaves. The unbranched erect stems are typically 12″ to 20″ high. Bulbous plant that blooms in April and May, but may bloom earlier if conditions are right. Native to Colorado desert of Southern California. Grows in sandy soil and hardy in zones 9a-11. The bulbs have a garlic-like flavor and were eaten by native americans. Germination in 1 to 4 months and said to be tricky to germinate.


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There are two types of infrared filter; infrared cut-off filters and infrared passing filters. Infrared cut-off filters prevent light in the near infrared range of the electromagnetic spectrum from reaching the sensor. Infrared passing filters allow this light to pass, but block light in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum from reaching the sensor.
For infrared photography, the type of filter you need is the 'infrared passing filter' so that near infrared light can reach the sensor, but most visible light is blocked.
If you had your camera converted to infrared you may still use external infrared filters. Just keep in mind that the external filter needs to be stronger or deeper in the IR than the internal filter. For example, if your camera was converted to the Super Color Infrared filter, which is 590nm – you can use a 665nm or 720nm or even deeper to override the internal filter. Because what you are doing is blocking a wider amount of IR than the internal filter. This wouldn't work the other way around, say if you had a Deep BW infrared filter (830nm) installed in your camera and wanted to use a 590nm filter – although the external 590nm filter blocks light at 590 and less nm, the internal blocks more, effectively blocking whatever the 590nm filter passes.


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Patient-Reported Outcome Measures: The Basics of Psychometrics
Patient-Reported Outcomes Measures (or PROMs) are patient perspective questionnaires given before and after an elective procedure and can be extremely useful for statistical analysis of patient care. These questions use psychometrics to collect data on the effectiveness and quality of care given to NHS patients. Psychometrics is the theory and technique of psychological measurements and statistics. The psychometric properties of the questionnaires concern the level of measurement, reliability, validity and responsiveness of the questions themselves as posed to the patients. Psychometrics also considers the construction of the assessment protocol regarding the questionnaire as a whole.
Levels of measurement within psychometrics involve the basic facts of the patient and are broken down into four levels of data:
Nominal – nominal level of data generally breaks down into equal categories. Using a hypothetical patient as an example, nominal data could describe whether a patient's hip replacement is for the left or right joint, or both.
Ordinal – ordinal level data also uses categories, although they do not have to have equal intervals. In our hypothetical patient's case, ordinal might refer to whether she is currently walking with a cane, walker or is wheelchair restricted.
Interval – interval levels of data refer to equal aspects of measurement without a true zero such as our patient's temperature or age (as a zero does not stipulate the lack of temperature or time of life).
Ratio – ratio data levels have equal intervals between measurements and encompass a true zero. Our patient's pulse, in this case, should it fall to zero, would mean more than a hip replacement is immediately required.
Reliability in psychometrics is essential if you plan on making decisions on the outcome of your data. In PROMs, the outcome is performance based, thus the participation of the patient is required. This involves a Test-Retest reliability. Our patient is given a questionnaire a few days before her hip replacement and again three to six months after to rate the change in her quality of life post-procedure. The differences to both questionnaires are then evaluated to determine if the procedure's outcome was favorable or not.
Validity, in the case of PROMs, is based on how well the questionnaire measures the patient's quality of care and can only be determined in relation to a particular question to a given population – patients with a hip replacement, in this case.
The responsiveness of a PROM is its ability to detect change when it has occurred. This happens both externally and internally:
External responsiveness compares how dramatic (or not) the physical changes are before and after the procedure. Can our patient now walk without the aid of a cane?
Internal responsiveness is how we measure change between the first questionnaire and the second. When our patient rates her overall health on a scale of zero to one hundred, is the second score better than the first?
PROMs, when used effectively, are vital tools in health care. However, to use these tools effectively, their psychometric properties should be taken into account to determine which outcomes are relevant to the patient's quality of care and quality of life.


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Assigning functions or uses to space is one of the most critical parts of the Facilities and Administrative (F&A) or indirect cost proposal. The results of the space survey determine how most of the facility costs in the F&A or indirect cost proposal (depreciation, interest, and operations and maintenance expenses) will allocate to the University's direct functions such as instruction and organized research. Because space has a substantial impact upon the F&A rate, it is essential to code each room with the correct function(s) listed below. Definitions of key functions follow.
- RSCH - Organized Research
- DR - Departmental Research
- INST - Instruction
- OSA - Other Sponsored Activities
- SLU - South Lake Union
- APL - Applied Physics Lab
- NPC - National Primate Center
- VESL - Research Vessel Support
- OIA - Other Institutional Activities
- CRC - Cost or Recharge Center
- PC - Patient Care
- JT - Joint Use (space only)
- VAC - Vacant (space only)
ORGANIZED RESEARCH (RSCH) includes all research and development activities of the University that are separately budgeted and accounted for on a specific project basis. Effort cost shared on an organized research project should also be considered organized research. Organized research activities include:
1. Research grants, contracts, and cooperative agreements sponsored by the Federal government and Non-Federal agencies and organizations (e.g. states, cities, foundations, corporations, etc.).
2. Research projects funded with University funds, which are separately budgeted and accounted for on a specific project basis (e.g. Royalty Research Funds).
3. Sponsored research training: The sponsored training of individuals in research techniques (commonly called research training).
4. All federally sponsored clinical trials and early stage (phase 1 or 2) non-federally funded clinical trials.
5. Research cost sharing: Cost sharing related to organized research projects that has been reported as cost sharing on effort reports.
Organized research projects are defined as projects that require a proposal or other application to obtain funding, have a defined scope of work associated with the project, anticipate a "deliverable" result, and require that periodic financial and progress reports be submitted to the sponsor.
For research labs coded with any percentage as Organized Research, documentation must identify the budget(s) (both sponsored and university funded) that paid the salaries or wages of the occupants of the lab for work done in that lab. Also, whenever a research lab is coded as organized research, names of the occupants who worked on the project must also be attached to the room record in GeoSIMS.
DEPARTMENTAL RESEARCH (DR) includes research, development, and scholarly activities that are not separately budgeted and accounted for on a specific project basis. This also includes start-up and bridge funding for researchers in between research projects. Departmental research is funded from budgets that are not restricted to a specific project. DR also includes space used by visiting scientists not paid by the UW, volunteers, and unpaid faculty emeriti performing research in lab spaces. The DR code is to help identify labs and other research facilities used for activities that do not meet the definition of Organized Research.
1. Non-sponsored Teaching and Training: This term includes all non-sponsored teaching and training activities, whether they are offered for credits toward a degree or certificate or on a non-credit basis. Instructional activities include classroom teaching, preparing and typing of examinations and instructional materials, and grading examinations and assignments.
2. Sponsored Non-Research Training: Sponsored training refers to specific instructional or training activities established by grant, contract, or cooperative agreement. [However, sponsored training of individuals in research techniques (commonly called research training) should be classified as organized research.]
OTHER SPONSORED ACTIVITIES (OSA) are programs and projects financed by Federal and non-Federal agencies and organizations that involve the performance of work other than instruction and organized research. Examples of OSA are health service projects, public service projects, late stage (phase 3 or 4) non-federal clinical trials, and public service conferences.
OTHER INSTITUTIONAL ACTIVITIES (OIA) include all activities not covered by any of the other functional definitions described above. This includes auxiliary enterprises, such as the operations of residence halls, dining halls, student unions, intercollegiate and intramural athletics, bookstores, faculty housing, student apartments, guest houses, theaters, public museums, community relations and development, and other similar auxiliary enterprises. This also includes space used by faculty and staff paid directly by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
COST OR RECHARGE CENTER (CRC) includes activities that support formally established recharge centers and cost centers or other departmental revenue activities not otherwise considered Other Institutional Activities (OIA)
PATIENT CARE (PC) includes those activities directly involved with the delivery of patient care (e.g., University Medical Center and clinics). The space associated with residents in the School of Medicine should be coded as PC.
JOINT USE (JT) designates space used for multiple functions, the proportions of which cannot be determined with a high degree of accuracy. Departmental offices, TA/RA offices, conference rooms, and other multipurpose rooms such as departmental copy rooms, lounges, kitchens, and departmental libraries are examples of space that should be designated as Joint Use. Joint Use space will automatically be assigned functions in the same proportions as departmental salaries and wages. For example, if 15% of a department's salaries and wages are charged directly to organized research grants, then 15% of that department's joint use space will be classified as organized research.
Unlike other functional use codes, the use of "Joint Use" is restricted by federal guidelines to either 100% or 0%. Assigned space cannot be partially Joint Use.
Questions? Please contact Management Accounting and Analysis at _EMAIL_.


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Cornelis van Poelenburgh
b. about 1586 Utrecht, The Netherlands, d. 1667 Utrecht, The Netherlands
painter; draftsman
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Cornelis van Poelenburgh was a founder of Dutch Italianate landscape painting. He studied under the Utrecht Mannerist Abraham Bloemaert, but his years in Rome, from 1617 to 1625, were more decisive for his development. An early member of the schildersbent, the club for Rome's Netherlandish painters, he was nicknamed "Satyr." In Rome, a friend noted that Poelenburgh "exerted himself to the utmost to paint his figures in the manner of Raphael." Poelenburgh also copied German artist Adam Elsheimer's Italianate landscapes, which were usually painted on copper. In addition to his years in Rome, Poelenburgh spent time in Florence working for the grand duke of Tuscany. After returning from Italy, he became one of Utrecht's leading artists, honored as Peter Paul Rubens's guide during his 1627 visit to the city. At the king's invitation, Poelenburgh worked in England from 1638 to 1641. He probably remained in Utrecht from that point onward.
Poelenburgh painted some history paintings, but his fame rests on the enamel-smooth landscapes, often depicting romantic ruins and statuary fragments, that he created after 1620. He was among the first artists to render Italian sunlight and atmosphere convincingly. His highly detailed figures were so admired that he was hired to paint them in other artists' works. The careers of Poelenburgh's many followers stretched into the 1700s.
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Arch of Septimius / Poelenburgh
Arch of Septimius
Dutch, 1623
Landscape, Nudes / Poelenburgh
Landscape, Nudes
Dutch, mid-1600s


1. The tallest Easter egg chocolate was made in Italy in 2011. It stood at 10.39 meters and weighed an astounding 7,200 kg
2.The art of painting eggs is called pysanka, which originated in Ukraine. It involves using wax and dyes to color the egg.
3.The term Easter gets its name from Eastre, the Anglo-Saxon goddess who symbolizes the hare and the egg.
4.Americans consume more than 16 million jelly beans during this holiday. That is enough jelly beans to circle the globe not once, not twice, but three times.
5.During the holiday, more than 90 million chocolate bunnies, 91.4 billion eggs and 700 million Peeps are produced each year in the United States alone.


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Office of Urban and Off-Campus Support Services (U-ACCESS)
The University of Massachusetts Boston (UMass Boston) believes that the well-being of our students is critical to their academic success and timely graduation. Recognizing and addressing the complex challenges our students face is no small task. The Office of the Vice Chancellor of Student Affairs has seen the various non-academic challenges our students encounter on a daily basis, which has led to the establishment of the Office of Urban and Off-Campus Support Services, otherwise known as U-ACCESS.
U-ACCESS employs a multi-disciplinary approach to assist students who are dealing with a multitude of issues. The office collaborates with on campus units and programs as well as off campus community service providers and state agencies around the Greater Boston areas.
The ultimate goal of U-ACCESS is to support students so that they can achieve academic success without being derailed by complex non-academic issues in their lives. Hopefully, with such support, these students will successfully complete their degrees at UMass Boston, stop the cycle of poverty and educational attrition, and improve their life choices and opportunities.
We support students who are experiencing:
- Temporary homelessness
- Emancipation from foster care
- Domestic violence including parental abuse
- Chronic poverty
- Chronic hunger
- Financial hardship due to the above
We offer students:
- Case management
- Information and resource referral
- A Food Pantry
Giving to UMass Boston
Support UMass Boston students who suffer financial and personal hardship, including poverty and homelessness through a gift to the U-ACCESS Program.


text:
How to hang a ceiling light
Bring light and life into a room with a new ceiling light fixture. With so many different designs available, it's easy to make the switch. All it takes is a little electrical know-how. Before we start, please read the important safety warning below:
WARNING: ELECTRICITY IS DANGEROUS
If in any doubt, or where required by the law, consult a competent, registered electrician. All products must be installed in accordance with local building regulations.
Where to put ceiling lights
Light is one of the key aspects of interior design. Whether you are seeking ambient lighting to create an atmosphere or radiant brightness that reaches to the farthest corner of the room, careful consideration of the type and position of your ceiling light is essential.
Before you begin any DIY work, therefore, you should give some thought to the outcome you wish to achieve with your new ceiling light. Often, the obvious answer is the best: a centrally located ceiling light that spreads uniform illumination across the entire room. However, you should bear in mind the following key factors before settling on the precise position.
- The size of the room
- The height of the ceiling
- The natural light entering the room
- How the room will be used.
Some rooms are trickier than others. Where to put ceiling lights in a bedroom, for instance, is becoming increasingly important as modern bedrooms are often multi-functional environments that can be used for working, reading, exercising and applying make up as well as sleeping.
How high to hang a ceiling light
Once you have decided where to position your ceiling light, you need to think about how low it's going to hang (presuming it's a pendant style lamp, of course). Here, the size of your light is important. A low-hanging light may look odd if it is particularly large but fine if it is smaller. It chiefly depends on the height of the ceiling and the size of the room. A large room with a high ceiling, for example, would suit ceiling lights that are larger and hang lower.
As well as ambience and aesthetics, you also need to consider overhead clearance. There should be at least 30cm gap between the bottom of the light and the top of anyone's head. Similarly, if you are positioning the light over a table, you need to consider the size of the table and the location of the people that will be sitting at the table before you decide on the light's height. Nobody wants to be dazzled while they eat their meal, for example, or knock their head every time they reach for the salt.
Remove the old light fitting
Ceiling fixtures come in many styles. Typically, they involve a base screwed firmly to the ceiling and a cover that unscrews from the base. To access the fitting and carry out the task at hand, make sure you have a secure place to stand that allows you to reach the fitting and any tools you need without danger of losing balance.
1. Isolate the electrics
Before you begin dismantling the ceiling light, you need to isolate the electrics. When you switch the light off at the switch there is still live electricity in the ceiling rose or light fitting. It is essential, therefore, to fully isolate the area in which you will be working. To do this, switch off the fuse in your consumer unit that controls the circuit and remove the fuse itself, just to be sure. If you are in any doubt which fuse to switch off, turn off the main switch on the consumer unit to cut the power to the whole house. Test by turning the light 'on' at the light switch. If it is properly isolated, the switch should not have any effect and the light will remain off.
2. Open the light fitting
Now that there is no danger of electric shock, you can open the ceiling light fitting. The most common light fitting consists of a ceiling rose with a pendant lamp hanging down from it. There are many different types of fitting, and some may involve more work than others. This article focuses on removing a standard ceiling rose and replacing it with a similar fitting.
Open the existing ceiling rose by unscrewing the cover. Inside you will see a number of cables and wires. If you have a ceiling light with three wires, it means you have a single cable coming from a junction box above the ceiling. In this case, you are simply dealing with the cable that takes the live and neutral wires to the lamp holder (see wiring diagram below). Common among modern houses in the UK is the loop system.
A loop wiring system involves electric cabling running from the consumer unit to several light fittings, one after another, usually covering neighbouring rooms or an entire floor of the building. This provides power to all the light fittings on the loop. Each individual lamp can then be illuminated via its own switch, which directs the current through the bulb.
3. Identify the wires
Inside a ceiling rose using the loop system, you will see three cables:
- One cable entering from the loop circuit
- One cable exiting from the loop circuit
- One cable going to the switch.
Each cable will contain three wires – live, neutral and earth – which can be identified by the following colours:
- Live - brown (old colour, red)
- Neutral - blue (old colour, black)
- Earth - green and yellow stripes.
As the switch cable completes a live circuit flowing through the bulb, both its live and neutral are live. For this reason, the neutral wire in the switch cable should be tagged with brown sleeving to mark it out as being live.
In a typical arrangement, the wires will be grouped into three terminal blocks – 'neutral', live' and 'loop' – as shown in the 'How to wire a ceiling light diagram' below.
How to wire a ceiling light diagram
- A= entering loop cable
- B = exiting loop cable
- C = switch cable
- Left terminal block = 'live'
- Middle terminal block = 'loop'
- Right terminal block = 'neutral'
As can be seen in the wiring diagram:
- The two loop circuit neutral wires connect to the 'neutral' terminal block
- The two loop circuit live wires connect to the 'loop' terminal block
- The switch cable live wire connects to the 'loop' terminal block
- The switch cable neutral wire connects to the 'live' terminal block
The lamp itself completes the system:
- The live wire connects to the 'live' terminal block
- The neutral wire connects to the 'neutral' terminal block
All earth wires are connected to a common earth terminal.
Label the wires with masking tape, so you can clearly identify which are part of the loop circuit and which relate to the switch. Remember, the switch cable can be identified by the neutral wire which should be tagged with brown sleeving to identify it as being live. If the it is not identified like this, now is a good time to tag it. Then disconnect each wire from its terminal block.
How to label the wires
Finally, unscrew the ceiling rose base from the ceiling and carefully remove it, leaving just the wires poking out from the ceiling.
Connect the new light fitting
Your new light fitting will have a fixing bracket of some sort that needs to be firmly attached to the ceiling. Take care to locate the fixing bracket exactly where you want it, taking into account the desired direction of the light fitting if it is a strip of spotlights.
If you are wondering how you wire a ceiling light switch, there's no need to worry about that unless you are rewiring the whole room. Whether your light fitting involves a pull-cord switch, a motion detection switch or two-way switches, the switch simply interrupts the live feed to the light, and can remain as it was before, even with a new fitting.
1. How to hang a new ceiling light in the same place as the old one
The light should come with instructions to help you identify where each wire needs to connect. It will incorporate terminal blocks that correspond to those from the previous fitting. Simply reconnect each wire to its appropriate terminal as described earlier in the 'How to wire a ceiling light diagram'. Ensure the wires are tightly secured in the terminals then fix the light fitting to the bracket, taking care not to trap any wires as you do so.
2. How to hang a new ceiling light in a different place to the old one
If you are going to position you new light fitting elsewhere on the ceiling, you will need to access the ceiling void above the site of the old light fitting. Carefully pull the cables through into the void. If the new position is close by and there is enough slack in the wires, you may be able to simply feed the cables back through a newly drilled hole. If the new position if further away, a junction box will be required to replicate the connections of the original ceiling rose.
A new cable can then be attached with one end connected to the junction box as if it is the live and neutral from the lamp holder and the other end being fed through a newly drilled hole where you wish the light to be positioned. Simply connect this end to the live and neutral wires of your ceiling light. Take care not to trap any wires as you fix the light fitting to the bracket.
3. How to hang a ceiling fan where a light was
If your new fitting is an electric fan or a combined fan and light, there will be a fixing bracket to be attached to the ceiling plus an additional support brace to fit in the ceiling void above to completely secure the fan when it moves. The fan motor can then be wired up following the same procedure as that for a straightforward ceiling light.
Enjoy your new ceiling light!
Installing a new ceiling light is a quick way to create a new look and achieve new possibilities in a room. And doing it yourself makes the transformation very cost


text:
Simple Puzzle Game.
1. In order to start game, Tap center white button.
2. The first signal is composed of five colors and sounds.
3. You need to do is tap same colors.
4. When you fail, tap white button again. Same pattern will be played.
5. When you win, one more sound and color will be added. By tapping white button, new pattern will be played.
6. By double-tapping white button, new pattern will be generated and played.


text:
The First Conditional
The first conditional is one of four types of hypothetical sentence in English, and it is probably the most commonly used. In which situations can we use it and why?
When to use the first conditional
The first conditional is used to express the future consequence of a realistic possibility now or in the future. For example,
If I miss the train, I'll take the next one.
There is a 50% chance that the first part of this sentence (the action following 'if') will happen. And if it happens, the second part is 100% certain.
Creating the First Conditional
To make a sentence in the first conditional, we use,
If + present simple, will/won't + verb.
If I pass this exam, I'll celebrate.
If I pass this exam, I won't have to do it again.
Like all conditionals we can also invert this structure:
Will + verb if + present simple.
I'll celebrate if I pass this exam.
I won't have to do this exam again if I pass it.
As an alternative to will, It's possible to complete the second part of a first conditional sentence with a modal verb or an imperative. For example,
If it rains, we can't play tennis.
If it rains, we must postpone our game.
If it rains, wear your waterproof clothing.
The important thing to remember with the first conditional is that we can never use will near if. Will can only come in the other part of the sentence. For example,
We'll be pleased if the client accepts our offer.
We'll be pleased if the client will accept our offer.
Here are some other examples of the first conditional:
If you practice frequently, you'll learn quickly.
If we don't win today, we'll be out of the competition.
Your teacher can help if you don't understand something.
Call me if you're late.
If she does well in this interview, she'll get the job.
If you're hungry, help yourself to whatever you want.
We won't miss the plane if we hurry.
Our boss will be really pleased if we get this contract.
As you can see, the first conditional is used in many different situations, both in and out of the workplace. So it's undoubtedly a structure that's worth learning and practicing. Start now by doing this fun quiz.


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Stay Accountable by texting your partner daily – How to make accountability work with a cell phone.
If you feel an accountability relationship hard to maintain, consider using texting to make it easier.
Most all of us carry our cell phones around with us everywhere we go. Funny how we feel 'naked' without our phones!
Picking up the phone and calling sometimes seems intrusive and makes us feel like we are bothering someone, but texting (like email) seems less intrusive. We don't seem to hesitate to send nonsense and links via email or text, so why not something as important as staying accountable?
How does accountability work via text?
- Check in with your partner at least once daily
- Ask them to pray for specific items such as stressful or heavy temptations that may be ahead in your day
- When you are under heavy temptation, text them immediately – they can send up prayers immediately on your behalf
- If you fail text them and confess. A phone call should follow after they get your message
- Celebrate victories during your day letting them know you came through
- Offer encouragement by sharing quotes or verses that have spoken to you
- At the end of the day tell them how you did and rate your day
Staying in contact with your partner daily instead of every few days or weekly will greatly help both of your walks.
These are just a few examples of how to have an accountability relationship via text. Try this out with your partner and let me know how it is working for you.


text: We consider a hypercube view to perceive the label space of multilabel classification problems geometrically. The view allows us not only to unify many existing multilabel classification approaches but also design a novel algorithm, principal label space transformation (PLST), that captures key correlations between labels before learning. The simple and efficient PLST relies on only singular value decomposition as the key step. We derive the theoretical guarantee of PLST and evaluate its empirical performance using real-world data sets. Experimental results demonstrate that PLST is faster than the traditional binary relevance approach and is superior to the modern compressive sensing approach in terms of both accuracy and efficiency.