keying each point, remind yourself about the "fast page" of the random moves (which I'll discuss below), and discuss block technique.
You will be able to go faster if you aren't pushing each other around and knocking each other off balance. Ideally, after each point is keyed, everyone gets their balance, cracks her/his move, stops right in the correct place, and then takes grips. I highly suggest taking grips so lightly that you don't move your teammate even an inch. If you find yourself moving at all, make the correction by flying your own body rather than pushing or pulling on your teammate. If you all are disciplined enough to do this religiously, you'll find that your speed will drastically increase. If you decide to listen to just one piece of advice written in this article, make this be it.
Getting from one point to the next can be confusing since the four team members all have at least slightly different ideas about what angle the next formation in the sequence of a dive should be built on. One way to avoid this confusing predicament and to reset from a poorly built point is to build things on the line between the center point (belly-button) of the Point and Tail. We call this the "Long Axis." This puts a lot of responsibility on the IC and OC, and they should be playing close attention to where the point and tail are as they are deciding where to move for the next point. If done well, the Point and Tail should only have to rotate in place and move towards or away from the center of the formation a little bit (if going from a long formation like CATACCORD ("G") to STAR ("M") for example), then the Point and Tail would have to squeeze together down the line or expand if the dive had you go from "M" to "G."
If you're having trouble figuring out a specific move, sometimes it's helpful to build the point you are going to and do the move in reverse.
For every block there is at least one middle picture to aim for. For some it is the halfway point and for some there are two or three "pictures" along the way. Just like hitting different points in a good landing pattern under canopy, you should be moving to specific places as you work through each block. Get a coach or experienced 4-way gal/guy to talk you through these.
Breakdowns and busts are often caused by either one person or the whole team getting sucked into a rhythm. While some people and some great coaches encourage this, our team has found that we go faster and score better when we stick to "the steps." Here are the steps we follow. There's so many that you'll think we're crazy to do all of them for every point, but they happen quickly and have become second nature to us. Here they are from the "key" of one point:
 - Flash to show separation and help "back up" the key to anyone who can't see it.
 - Make sure you are balanced.
 - Read the axis and crack your move with confidence.
 - Stop your move.
 - Pick up grips, following your grip plan:
 a. Look at the first grip you are taking.
 b. Take the first grip.
 c. Look at the second grip you're taking (if there is one).
 d. Take the second grip.
 - Look at the key person knowing where you are going for your next move and ready to flash OR (if you are the key person):
 a. feel the grips on you that need to be and be sure they are on,
 b. check any grips you are responsible for seeing, and
 c. get eye contact (or "eyes" as we call it) from anyone you need to
 d. key the point by "flashing" off grips (no need to tug, pull, or nod).
In most skydives (unless it is all blocks) there is at least a short series of randoms and you should have the intention of moving through this section with speed, precision, and vigor. We call this "the fast page." When you get to any Block(s) in the jump though, take just a bit longer to build it right and calmly execute the moves. Ideally, each time you do a specific block, it should feel identical and routine. As you are dirt diving, creeping, and/or walking the skydive, move quickly through the random page taking light grips and following the key plan. Then slow down the block move to remind yourself to execute it smoothly and consistently. Don't forget to close off the block, while remembering that it is important to freeze and show the completed point to the judges, and also that it is the beginning of the fast page.
If your team is doing well enough to get through all the points and start over again, you should start to focus more explicitly on learning and seeing what's going on the first time through. This tip (courtesy of Pete Allum) is priceless. If a particular move is smaller, larger, or just needs to be different from how you planned it on the ground, learn from the botched move the first time through (or "lock-in" the correct move if you nailed it) so you can crank up the speed as the dive continues. Don't be so anxious to score points that you keep making the same mistakes through a whole jump – slow things down just a little bit the first time through, then once everyone "gets it", you can ramp up the intensity and power.
After you decide how many jumps and how much tunnel flying you can do, come up with a plan of how to use the jumps and time most effectively. The suggestions below for how to use your jumps uses percentages with the hope it'll serve as a guide, whether you are doing 40 – 400 jumps.
Getting to a tunnel is worth it – however, don't get suckered into cramming all four team members in there if you aren't proficient as individual flyers. You are much better off using the tunnel to hone individual and two-way skills than you are bouncing off the walls just to do "4-way". Work on center point turns, adjusting fall rate, grip taking and flashing drills, side sliding, forward and backward movement, and superpositioning (sliding and turning at the same time).
For your actual jumps, I suggest the following phases:
Figure out what your team fallrate should be and get the right amount of weight in weight belts for the slow fallers on the team. The person that falls fastest should get in comfortable arch and other folks should wear enough lead to keep up. It's a pain to wear weight, but your team won't reach your potential if anyone is struggling to stay up with the formation. I suggest just moving through three points SIDEBODY ("P"), STAR ("M"), and OPEN ACCORDIAN ("F) as you sort stuff out.
Repeat this jump as many times as you need to sort out fall rate, focus on good eye contact and physical communication, and to follow "the steps" above as you move from point to point.
Pick three point random skydives and get used to working together for the first 25% of your planned jumps. Using eye contact and good cross-referencing, as well as looking to the person directly across the formation from you to help make fallrate adjustments and stay together will help you get the most out of these jumps.
Even if you don't have many jumps in your budget, try to see each block at least once, you can put two together in the same jump. Focusing just on blocks for 25% of your jumps will probably serve you well, but you might want to sneak in one random jump once a weekend just so you don't go crazy!
After you've got a good taste of the blocks, add in a random or two. Do this for the next 25% of your jumps paying attention to "the fast page" of random moves and the "clean" execution of the single block in each jump.
Too often teams don't practice doing actual meet draws. For the last quarter of your training, take draws from the National Skydiving League website,, and do those actual jumps. You should do this so you can see how you are scoring against other teams in the country and help emulate what it'll be like at real meets. Obviously, try to compete in as many local NSL meets (or other meets if there is a league in your area) as possible.
4-way is fun but difficult. Remember that everyone is doing their best and that mistakes are inevitable. A good rule of thumb for debriefing is to give everyone a chance to debrief themselves and take responsibility for any mistakes they made before pointing things out to one another. I highly suggest getting video on every jump (once you can stay within the frame and within ten vertical feet of one another) and watch the video before you try to start fixing things or telling people what they did wrong. Whenever I critique teammates in the landing area, the video inevitably shows that I was the one screwing things up.
Get a trusted local 4-way guru or coach to provide outside perspective whenever possible. This goes for prepping and debriefing. Even if they say the same thing that a teammate would have, words just seem to get heard a bit clearer and with less bad blood when they come from a knowledgeable person who isn't a member of the team.
Have fun and make it a point to be social at the end of the day or training camp.
Don't hesitate to contact members of Mass Defiance or Perris Fury through the forums if you have any questions for us! Our team websites are Mass Defiance and Perris Fury.
Mass Defiance Performance Designs Perris Fury United Parachute


text:
Taper angle influence on liner positioning
The angle of the inner taper of the acetabular shell seems to have a significant influence on the placement of a ceramic liner in the cup and the dissociation force when removing it. For the study reported by Lee et al. three experienced high-volume arthroplasty surgeons participated in a ceramic-liner insertion test with two types of acetabular shells: 1) standard 18° taper, 2) multi-bearing option shell with 10° taper angle.
Each surgeon used three metal shells of each design and 30 ceramic liners (BIOLOX®delta). The metal shells were press-fit into sawbones blocks. For the push-out experiment the components were assembled manually and impacted with a 2 kN compression force. A load was applied through the hole at the apex of the shell and the maximum force to disassembly was recorded.
There was no malseating with the 18° taper, but all the participating surgeons experienced several malseated liners with the 10° taper. The dissociation force from the 10° taper (1,148.8 N) was almost three times higher than with 18° shells (389.7 N). The authors conclude that multibearing acetabular shells have several advantages. However, the authors caution about malplacement of ceramic liners when using a multi-bearing metal shell with a 10° taper, which may negatively affect the outcome of using all-ceramic bearings.
Removal of ceramic liner
For the rare event of revision of a ceramic liner, Pitto describes a simple procedure: "Using a metallic impactor placed along the external rim of the cup, the surgeon can hit the metal cup's rim with a robust hammer blow. The ceramic liner will dissociate from the internal metal surface. A sharp tool will be necessary to elevate the loosened ceramic liner from the cup margin." The author states that there may be a few acetabular designs that require more than one hammer blow to achieve liner dissociation.
According to the author, elasto-dynamic compressive stress waves, which are initiated by the impact on the rim of the metal shell cause the dissociation. The stress waves are reflected at physical boundaries and transformed into tensile stress waves. These, if they exceed the local stresses resulting from friction and adhesion at the taper junction, will lead to a separation at the taper interface. The author stresses the importance of choosing compatible components, because "using a wrong liner can result in a disaster. Never mix and match!"
Economic impact of PJI in THA
In a presentation at the last ISTA Congress, Akindolire et al. evaluated the economic burden of PJI on Canadian healthcare. They matched primary and two-stage PJI revision THA cases for age and BMI, recording all costs associated with each procedure. They concluded that septic revision is a significant economic burden to the healthcare system. Compared to primary THA the data show a fivefold increase in healthcare costs.
_URL_-abstract-book/ISTA2016BostonAbstracts.pdf (Abstract #4646)
Consequences of tribocorrosion
Also at ISTA 2016, McGrory and Hussey gave an update about their ongoing study on the consequences of adverse local tissue reaction (ALTR) for 1,356 consecutive patients with metal-on-polyethylene THA. They found symptomatic mechanically assisted crevice corrosion (MACC) present in 2.9% of their patients. Of these, 56% have already undergone revision surgery, while the remaining 44% opted for ongoing surveillance. Over time, these patients show increasing metal ion levels. The authors consider introducing baseline metal ion serum estimation also in asymptomatic patients.
_URL_-abstract-book/ISTA2016BostonAbstracts.pdf (Abstract #4774)
Reasons for post-operative fracture of BIOLOX®delta inserts
Ceramic vs. revision burden
Regarding the general revision burden, using a ceramic head is cost-effective in many cases because of the reduction of revisions of THA with ceramic heads. Carnes et al. focused on the factors of implant price difference in the USA and patient age. At a cost differential of US$ 325, ceramic-on-polyethylene bearings are more cost-effective than metal-on-polyethylene for patients under the age of 85. At US$ 600, cost-effectiveness is reached for patients under 65 years. If the difference is US$ 1,003 or above, cost-effectiveness cannot be reached.
The authors used Markov modeling to estimate the national cost burden of choosing CoP vs. MoP implants for primary total hip arthroplasty. The Premier Research Database was used to identify 20,398 patients with a minimum age of 45 years who underwent total hip arthroplasty in 2012.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
BACKGROUND: White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are commonly seen on in brain imaging and are associated with stroke and cognitive decline. Therefore, they may provide a relevant intermediate outcome in clinical trials. WMH can be measured as a volume or visually on the Fazekas scale. We investigated predictors of WMH progression and design of efficient studies using WMH volume and Fazekas score as an intermediate outcome. METHODS: We prospectively recruited 264 patients with mild ischaemic stroke and measured WMH volume, Fazekas score, age and cardiovascular risk factors at baseline and 1 year. We modelled predictors of WMH burden at 1 year and used the results in sample size calculations for hypothetical randomised controlled trials with different analysis plans and lengths of follow-up. RESULTS: Follow-up WMH volume was predicted by baseline WMH: a 0.73-ml (95% CI 0.65-0.80, p <0.0001) increase per 1-ml baseline volume increment, and a 2.93-ml increase (95% CI 1.76-4.10, p <0.0001) per point on the Fazekas scale. Using a mean difference of 1 ml in WMH volume between treatment groups, 80% power and 5% alpha, adjusting for all predictors and 2-year follow-up produced the smallest sample size (n = 642). Other study designs produced samples sizes from 2054 to 21,270. Sample size calculations using Fazekas score as an outcome with the same power and alpha, as well as an OR corresponding to a 1-ml difference, were sensitive to assumptions and ranged from 2504 to 18,886. CONCLUSIONS: Baseline WMH volume and Fazekas score predicted follow-up WMH volume. Study size was smallest using volumes and longer-term follow-up, but this must be balanced against resources required to measure volumes versus Fazekas scores, bias due to dropout and scanner drift. Samples sizes based on Fazekas scores may be best estimated with simulation studies.
We thank the staff of the Brain Research Imaging Centre (_URL_ and Neuroimaging Sciences (_URL_ University of Edinburgh, but mostly all the participants and relatives who took part in the study.
This work was funded by the Wellcome Trust (grant 088134/Z/09/A), Row Fogo Charitable Trust, Age UK, Scottish Funding Council and the Chief Scientist Office of Scotland for the Scottish Imaging Network: A Platform for Scientific Excellence ("SINAPSE") and the Brain Research Imaging Centre.
- White matter hyperintensities
- Sample size calculation
- Study design


User:Wikitiki89/Classification of Jews
From Uncyclopedia, the content-free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The Jews are a race of big-nosed and small-penised people. They are classified as the species Homo judaeus. The Jews, being so diverse of a race, were assigned a set of further classifications (sometimes called breeds).
edit Self-conscious Jew
These are the Jews that are not only constantly worried about their penis and nose sizes but are also extremely self-conscious about other things such as intelligence, strength, looks, women, and marijuana tolerance. These Jews are physically unfit, pussies in difficult situations, and obsessed with their heritage more than they are with their religion. Also, these Jews are often, but not always, vegetarians and/or atheists.
Personal tools


text:
DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF MICROCANTILEVERS
Mo Yang and Cengiz S. Ozkan
GRADUATE STUDENT, US
Keywords: MEMS, Microcantilevers, Biochemical Sensing, FEM Modeling
We discuss the mechanical design and optimization of piezoresistive microcantilevers for use in detecting changes in surface stress upon analyte-receptor binding. Conventional microcantilevers are used along with an optical detection system in many commercially available scaning probe systems, which require a rigorous alignment of the detecting laser beam to the cantilever beam. In a liquid cell environment, turbulence effects could result in additional deflections of the cantilever beam which could render the detection measurements useless. Piezoresistive cantilevers can be utilized to avoid these problems. The fractional change in resistance ( ) for a piezoresistive cantilever is described by the following expression,
where is the piezoresistive coefficient of Sillicon along the <110> axis, is the longitudinal stress, is the transverse stress, t is the thickness of the cantilever, is the Poisson's ratio, and is a factor that adjusts for the thickness of the piezoresistor. The ( ) ratio is proportional to the stress difference ( ), whose distribution depends on the geometric factors of the layers and the chemo-mechanical forces between the biomolecules and the capture or hybridization layers. The deflection signal can be increased by maximizing the stress difference. In addition, stress concentration regions such as trenches can be employed to increase this stress difference. The use of a double cantilever arrangement can further increase the large stress difference area. Modeling and simulations for piezoresistive cantilevers were conducted using the CFDRCTM.
NSTI Nanotech 2003 Conference Technical Program Abstract


text:
The year 2012 is the year of change for the search engine giant Google and C0.The Mountain View Company has changed the their user interface and introduced the +1 share button in search results and made several changes.
How to Stop the Google's Spying Eyes from Tracking your Online Activities:
1. Log into _URL_
2. Click the Pause button to stop your data from being collected by google.
3. Click the "Remove All Web History" to delete all your previous data collected by google Web Search.
4. If you want to remove you can directly click " Remove All Web History", it automatically pauses your web history. (As of now, Google offers this, at any time they can remove the automatic pause functionality)


From Wikibooks, open books for an open world
Jump to: navigation, search
The programming languages C and C++ do not need dedicated GLPK language bindings. GLPK is programmed natively in C. And C++ can normally link without problem to C code. Moreover, there is no need to use the following C linkage construct extern "C" when calling GLPK from C++:
extern "C" { // NOT REQUIRED
_TAG_ // C header
Instead simply use:
_TAG_ // C header


text:
GREENFIELD – Today in the United States hundreds of thousands of children suffer from preventable vision loss caused by amblyopia – "lazy eye" – that would be fully treatable if detected early with a device such as the new, high-technology pediatric vision scanner.
The Massachusetts Lions of Western Massachusetts District 33Y has donated $200,000 to Children's Hospital in Boston to support development of the scanner to help diagnose eye problems like "lazy eye," an impairment of the vision in one eye that does not have a physical cause.
The board of directors of the clinic chose to support the pediatric vision scanner project with the newly available funds.
"It's a perfect match," said Jean W. Martin, president of the Lions Orthoptic Clinic, noting the funds had to be given to serve a similar need as the clinic.
The pediatric vision scanner research is led by Dr. David G. Hunter, ophthalmologist-in-chief and the Richard M. Robb chair of ophthalmology at Children's Hospital. He is also vice chair and associate professor of ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School.
The existing vision scanner prototype scans a child's eyes in less than five seconds and has proven to be more than 97 percent accurate at detecting eye conditions requiring treatment.
Current technology is 85 percent accurate, and the vision tests take 15 minutes, Martin explained.
The District 33Y Lions EyeMobile, a mobile unit that provides free routine eye and hearing screening for residents across Western Massachusetts, will be among the first to receive one of the prototypes for testing.
Lions International began as a businessmen's organization in 1917. Ten years later, Helen Keller,who was deaf and blind, spoke at a Lions' convention and challenged members to become knights of the blind. Since then, the organization has sought to prevent and cure blindness wherever possible throughout the world.
Lions Club members also help in relief efforts throughout the world when disasters like earthquakes or tsunamis strike.
There are more than 1.3 million members in 204 countries.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Australian Administrative Law
Publication Date 24 Sep 2007
OverviewThe growth of administrative law in Australia has continued in an unabated form since the introduction of innovative reforms in the mid-seventies. The centre plank of these reforms was the establishment of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal with follow-on reforms relating to the Ombudsman, judicial review and freedom of information legislation. The impact of these reforms has been vast and significant. This 2007 book seeks to take stock of the growth and development of administrative law principles. Particular attention is paid to the important cases and key doctrines which provide the theoretical underpinnings of these principles. In this book a team of highly respected administrative law scholars and jurists aim to provide a lucid exposition of the relevant case law, principles and doctrines. The book should illuminate the fundamental features of Australian administrative law and should prove useful to students and practitioners interested in this field.


Home / Go Kids Go, Beaconsfield
Go Kids Go, Beaconsfield
Sports and Exercise program for pre-school children aged 2-5. Classes exist from 2-3 year olds, 3-4 year olds and 4-5 year olds. Children are taught a different sport every 2 weeks. 12 sports in total are taught. Go Kids Go also run sports parties for children aged 3-10 years old.
Write a Review
Age: Designed for pre-schoolers aged 2-5 years.
Pre-Book: Term bookings.
Changing Facilities: Yes.
Pram Accessibility: Easy access for prams.
Parent Accompany Child: Yes.
Breastfeeding Area: Breastfeeding friendly.
By creating an account you are accepting our Terms & Conditions


text:
Shades Creek, Birmingham Area
Fishing in Shades Creek
Shades Creek is a small to medium size stream that runs through the southwest corner of Jefferson County and Bibb County, Alabama, before finally emptying into the Cahaba River. Its watershed extends roughly from Tannehill flowing northeast through Irondale. Portions of the watershed have experienced tremendous residential expansion and development in recent years, which has increased stormwater runoff. Stormwater drainage from urban areas results in more contaminants and pollutants entering this system, impacting both water quality and quantity. Jefferson County has developed a Comprehensive Plan (The Shades Creek Watershed Plan) that addresses many of these issues and focuses on road and sewer development in addition to economic and recreational issues.
As with many small streams and watersheds, sediment runoff from urban development has impacted Shades Creek over recent years, which has affected the natural diversity of aquatic resources in this small stream. Several federal and state agencies such as the US Environmental Protection Agency, Alabama Department of Environmental Management, Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Alabama Water Watch and others have a mission to preserve the biodiversity of the aquatic and wildlife resources within the watershed. In 2003, Samford University's Biology Department, designed a program using students to monitor and survey the stream using a variety of sampling and collection techniques. Findings indicated that Shades Creek had or was currently experiencing pollution problems. This conclusion was based upon low diversity, expanded urban construction, sedimentation problems, and channelization of the stream bed. New measures have since been developed by the Jefferson County Planning and Zoning Commission to help reduce the unhealthy sediment discharge into this creek and to assist in recovery efforts.
Although Shades Creek has experienced habitat problems in certain "high development" areas where it flows through Jefferson County, it continues to maintain a population of popular sportfish and non-game species for savvy anglers who enjoy stream fishing. Various species of bream and sunfish, largemouth bass, Alabama spotted bass, and channel catfish are often found in large pools or along the edge of riffles adjacent to deeper sections of the creek. Small beetle spins, rooster tails, popping bugs, artificial crayfish or various artificial flies are the most popular lures used to entice fish to strike.
The land on the bottom of the stream and land adjacent to the stream may be privately owned, and permission must be obtained from the landowner prior to crossing or wading these areas. Access to Shades Creek can often be found at road crossings or bridge overpasses along the 54.6 mile length before it joins with the Cahaba River at the Shelby-Bibb County line. This scenic creek runs through six urban areas that include Irondale, Birmingham, Mountain Brook, Homewood, Hoover and Bessemer, AL.
Several effort are on-going to restore the biological and recreational integrity of Shades Creek. Near Samford, the Alabama Clean water partnership held a workshop to show a stream restoration. A 33-acre section of the creek adjacent to Homewood High School serves as unique habitat for a rare salamander and is under petition to be listed as a special conservation easement. The Black Warrior and Cahaba Land Trust have also purchased 47-acres of property along Shades Creek near the Shannon community and behind Wildwood Shopping Center as a permanent conservation area for preservation purposes.
Shades Creek is a unique stream system that flows through several geographical and urban areas in Jefferson County and contains a variety of fish and other aquatic resources. However, due to its location, this small stream flows through some of the fastest growing regions of the state whose population expansion and suburban sprawl threaten to degrade the habitat and ecology of this fragile system. It is up to concerned citizens and conservation groups to protect and monitor residential development and make sure Better Management Practices (BMP's) are followed to protect this ecosystem from further environmental impacts so that future generations can enjoy the scenic beauty and recreational opportunities along this stream.
Fishing license information may be found at: Licenses. Instant licensing is available via Internet (2% fee) or telephone _PHONE_ ($3.95 fee). Fishing licenses may also be purchased at local bait and tackle stores and county probate offices. Youth age 15 and younger fish for free. Alabama residents age 65 or older are not required to purchase a fishing license.
Possession and creel limits for Alabama public waters are listed at: Creel Limits.
The US Geological Survey gives water discharge estimates and gage heights.
Friends of Shade Creek is "a nonprofit organization of local citizens working for the protection of, and responsible development along, beautiful Shades Creek in Alabama." Regular hikes are hosted on Homewood Forest Preserve. Shades Creek is cleaned in the fall, and several canoe trips are made during the year. They have monthly meetings on the second Thursday of the month at Homewood Public Library on Oxmoor Road.
Additional information about the local area is available at _URL_ and _URL_.
The Fisheries Section's District Office can answer specific questions about the Cahaba River by sending email to _EMAIL_.
"It shall be unlawful to intentionally stock or release any fish, mussel, snail, crayfish or their embryos including bait fish into the public waters of Alabama under the jurisdiction of the Division of Wildlife and Freshwater Fisheries as provided in Rule 220-2-.42 except those waters from which it came without the written permission of a designated employee of the Department of Conservation and Natural Resources authorized by the Director of the Division of Wildlife and Freshwater Fisheries to issue such permit. The provisions of this rule shall not apply to the incidental release of bait into the water during the normal process of fishing."
Support kids fishing, aquatic habitat improvement
and bringing back rare Alabama fish - click here
Prepared by: Fisheries Section, Division of Wildlife and Freshwater Fisheries, Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. This site is presented for information only the Fisheries Section cannot be responsible for the quality of information or services offered through linked sites, disclaimer. To have your site included, send your URL, email address, or telephone number to the Fisheries Web Master, _EMAIL_. The Fisheries Section reserves the right to select sites based on relevant and appropriate content of interest to our viewers. If you discover errors in the content or links of this page, please contact Doug Darr. Thank you.


text:
Consultation report for the literature review: The relationship between aquatic ecological assets and the protection of cultural and social values associated with water
Hyder Consulting for
Australian Government Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (DSEWPaC) and the National Water Commission (NWC), August 2011
- Consultation report for the literature review: The relationship between aquatic ecological assets and the protection of cultural and social values associated with water (PDF - 1,113 KB) | (Word - 458 KB)
About this publication
This report contains a summary of the results from a stakeholder consultation process conducted to inform a literature review on ecological and cultural values associated with water. The objective of the stakeholder consultation process was to discuss the findings of the draft literature review with key stakeholders and the extent to which they reflect the situation 'on the ground.' This report summarises the key findings of the consultations and makes recommendations as to how the draft literature review can better reflect stakeholder experiences and views.
The consultation process was conducted in various locations throughout northern Australia from May – July 2011. A total of 42 people participated in the consultations representing a range of Indigenous and non-Indigenous organisations and interest groups.


text:
Do you want to know a secret?
No one knows that…
A scientific study of 13,000 real life secrets found the average person has 13 secrets, most have been keeping quiet about them for at least 15 years. It's human nature to keep secrets and tell little white lies, but until recently most people didn't know that most people have as least one major secret they don't want anyone to find out about. In fact, the average person has five of which they've never told another person.
When alone, people spend a great deal of mental energy just thinking about their secrets, according to Michael Slepian, a professor at Columbia Business School.
"People have this curious way of talking about secrets as laying them down or unburdening them," said Michael Slepian, the lead researcher from the management group. "We found that when people were thinking about their secrets, they actually acted as if they were burdened by physical weight. It seems to have this powerful effect even when they're not hiding a secret in the moment."
The researchers were able to summarize the 13,000 secrets into common categories that involved things like drug use, harming someone, telling a lie, theft, violating someone's trust, sexual infidelity, a secret hobby, and sexual orientation..
Among their findings:
60% chance a secret involves a lie or financial impropriety.
47% of secrets involves a violation of trust.
33% chance that it involves a theft, a hidden relationship, or discontent at work.
A separate UK study said at least 60 percent of Brits have a secret they dread friends or family finding out about. Secrets are wide ranging and include affairs, secret children, unknown marriages, shoplifting, getting caught drinking while driving, bed wetting, getting someone fired, debt, sexual turn-ons and phobias they've never shared.
Only 26 percent of those surveyed believed their partner would support them still if they did discover the secret.
Some of the most common secrets include:
- Having an affair
- An embarrassing incident
- Internet history
- Sexual turn-ons
- Family history
- You smoke/used to smoke
- Real-life crushes
- You take drugs/used to take drugs
- Bank/credit card statements
- A criminal past
- Illness or condition
- Previous marriage(s)
- Pretending to like something/someone you loath
- Sexual orientation
- Secret children
- Sexually transmitted disease
- Education/exam grades
- Pretending to be good at something


text:
A Bayesian approach to portfolios selection in multicriteria group decision making
In the a-posteriori approach to multicriteria decision making the idea is to first find a set of interesting (usually non-dominated) decision alternatives and then let the decision maker select among these. Often an additional demand is to limit the size of alternatives to a small number of solutions. In this case, it is important to state preferences on sets. In previous work it has been shown that independent normalization of objective functions (using for instance desirability functions) combined with the hypervolume indicator can be used to formulate such set-preferences. A procedure to compute and to maximize the probability that a set of solutions contains at least one satisfactory solution is established. Moreover, we extend the model to the scenario of multiple decision makers. For this we compute the probability that at least one solution in a given set satisfies all decision makers. First, the information required a-priori from the decision makers is considered. Then, a computational procedure to compute the probability for a single set to contain a solution, which is acceptable to all decision makers, is introduced. Thereafter, we discuss how the computational effort can be reduced and how the measure can be maximized. Practical examples for using this in database queries will be discussed, in order to show how this approach relates to applications.
Citation : Emmerich, M.T.M., Deutz, A. and Yevseyeva, I. (2015) A Bayesian approach to portfolios selection in multicriteria group decision making. CENTERIS'15, 7th Conference of ENTERprise Information Systems. Procedia Computer Science, 64, pp. _PHONE_
Research Group : Cyber Security Centre
Research Institute : Cyber Technology Institute (CTI)
Peer Reviewed : Yes


text:
Google announced that they have a solution to get rid of the "on behalf of" notification in Gmail by using the SMTP (send mail) server of the address that you are sending mail on behalf of. The process is quite simple:
- Log into your Gmail account
- Click "Settings"
- Click "Accounts"
- In the "Send mail as" section click "Edit Info" next to one of the accounts
- Set your name and click to the next screen
- Click "Use the other e-mail provider's SMTP servers"
- You will be presented with SMTP server address, username, and password fields along with a SSL checkbox and a port drop-down
- The SMTP server is: smtp.gmail.com (by default the system pre-populates the custom domain, so you need to make sure that you change this)
- Your username is:
@ (i.e., _EMAIL_ | you have to put your entire e-mail address in there for the Google SMTP server to authenticate you)
- You password is: whatever password you use for that other account (not necessarily your primary Gmail account password)
- Click the SSL box; the port automatically sets correctly
- The system will verify your credentials and will only return you to the configuration screen if there is a problem.


Average Weather Data for Mammoth Lakes, California
Monthly Averages
January February March April May June July August September October November December
Average Monthly high in °F: 40° 40° 44° 50° 60° 69° 78° 77° 69° 59° 47° 41°
Average Monthly low in °F: 15° 16° 20° 26° 33° 40° 45° 45° 38° 29° 21° 17°
Yearly Averages
What's The Average High Temp in Mammoth Lakes? 56.2 °F
What's the Average Low in Mammoth Lakes? 28.8 °F
What's the Average Temperature in Mammoth Lakes? 42.5 °F
How Many Inches of Rain per year does Mammoth Lakes get? N/A
How Many Rainy Days a year are there in Mammoth Lakes? N/A
How Much Sunshine each year is there in Mammoth Lakes (in hours)? N/A
How much, if any, snow falls each year in Mammoth Lakes? N/A
Mammoth Lakes Temperature and Rain Graphs
Average high in °F
Average low in °F
Average precipitation in inches


text: Tromso, town in northern Norway, capital of Troms County. Tromsø is located on the island of Tromsoy off the northwestern coast of mainland Norway, in the Norwegian Sea. It is the largest Norwegian town north of the Arctic Circle. Troms County includes the adjacent mainland; Tromsoy Island is linked to the mainland by a bridge. As the county seat, Tromsø is the administrative, communications, cultural, and educational center of northern Norway. It is also a fishing port with fish-processing industries. Other industries include shipbuilding, brewing, prefabricated houses, high technology, and tourism. The town is served by an airport and is a starting point and support base for arctic expeditions. A meteorological station, an institute studying the aurora borealis, or northern lights, and the University of Tromsø (founded in 1968) are all located in Tromso. Tromso was founded in the mid-13th century, and granted a town charter in 1794. The Norwegian government was based in Tromsø for a short period during World War II (_PHONE_). The modern Tromsdal Church, built in 1965, is known as the "Cathedral of the Arctic;» there is also a wooden cathedral (1861) in the center of the town. Tromso Museum contains an aquarium, and is devoted to natural history and to the history and culture of the Saami (Lapp).


text:
Districts are an important unit for administrative purposes, but they vary little in their impact on students' attainment, at least in the UK. Further, government attempts to raise attainment are often disappointing. The project described in this article aimed to engage schools in reform to change students' attainment and attitudes in schools across a whole district. The intervention, peer tutoring, has a good research pedigree in small-scale studies, but scaling it up to district-level implementation has not been rigorously evaluated. Over 2 years, 129 elementary schools in 1 Scottish district were randomly assigned to different interventions. The implementation was not perfect, but the results were positive with respect to cross-age tutoring, which had effect sizes of about 0.2. Despite limitations, the study demonstrates that it is possible to carry out a clustered randomized controlled trial (RCT) on a large scale working with districts and suggests that peer tutoring has promise when scaled up.
- peer tutoring
- school reform


text:
Creating checkpointsLast Updated: 12/03/2015 Introduced in Verision: 2.0
This example creates a checkpoint for a flow. The concept is the same across all entities. Creating a checkpoint simply creates a backup of the entity in its history folder. This makes it possible to restore from the checkpoint backup file. The difference of a checkpoint vs. a normal or auto-save is that a checkpoint backup file has a specific name. Manual and automatic saves have generated names.


text:
GigE Vision is a framework for transmitting images over an Ethernet connection. It consists of protocols that define how to configure a camera and to transfer the image data. Every computer with a fast Ethernet card is compatible with the GigE Vision framework. So GigE Vision requires only an ethernet card, whereas CoaXPress and Camera Link require a framegrabber.
The maximum transfer speed of a GigE Vision camera (assuming a gigabit Ethernet card in the computer) is 1000 Mb/s.


text:
Bug Sunbathes to Keep Germs Away
A western boxelder bug
CREDIT: Simon Fraser University
Western boxelder bugs frequently stretch out in the sun, though not to get a tan. Canadian researchers found that these insects use sunbathing to keep germs at bay.
The winged bugs are often found grouped together in sunny patches in the interior of British Columbia. The researchers said sunlight seems to trigger the biosynthesis of monoterpenes, a strong-smelling chemical compound that encases fungal spores on the insect's body and protects from germ penetration.
"Prophylactic sunbathing defends these bugs against pathogens that they encounter in their shelters," researcher Gerhard Gries, a biology professor at Simon Fraser University, said in a statement. The pheonomen has yet to be observed or reported in other insects, Gries added.
"If they are converting the sun's solar energy to fuel chemical work, without the aid of microbial symbionts — organisms that live together with a host, often to their mutual benefit — we would consider this a highly remarkable feat in the animal world."
The findings were reported this month in the journal Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata.
MORE FROM LiveScience.com


Independent writer/director Tze Chun ( gave an advising session for the Reach Film Fellows during the 2010 Reach Film Fellowship at Cinereach ( As the fellows prepared to go into production on their short films, Tze shared some useful tips based on his experience making a short film, Window Breaker, and a feature, Children of Invention, in which children were the main characters.
This video includes some excerpts of the session during which Tze touched on the casting process.
Here are some key points from the discussion:
- For a film that is highly improvisational and naturalistic, and in which a large emotional range is not required, prioritize looking for children who are outspoken and natural in front of the camera. Try asking children to play games with each other or adult actors during auditions, rather than reading from a script.
- For a more tightly scripted film, and/or one that calls for a large emotional range, actors who are old enough to read from the script should do so. Look for actors who are comfortable in front of the camera and can also emote and understand the character, rather than just being good at naturalistic reactions to real situations.
- Actors should audition with the most emotional scenes, to make sure the right notes can be hit. One of the largest challenges of working with children will be helping them dramatic emotions like crying or a tantrum believably.
- Make sure actors who will appear on screen together can give performances that match in style and tone, and can be cut together, so they seem to inhabit the same world. Actors should be similarly naturalistic or 'big' depending on the director's needs.
- In addition to auditioning acting ability, you are also looking for a child's stamina and concentration. If they get frustrated quickly, or can't put up with having to repeat something multiple times, they aren't cut out for your set.
- When you're casting a kid, you're also casting the parents. Look for parents who are going to be understanding about the process, willing to commit all the time and energy that is required, and who are on board with the project in general.
- It is also advisable to be very clear and direct with parents regarding expectations and what will happen, otherwise you may lose their cooperation.
Loading more stuff…
Loading videos…


Scripture Reference – Luke 8:51
People do a lot of social activities during the holiday season. There are so many opportunities to fellowship with others. In addition to fellowshipping with others, social fitness is also about setting and maintaining boundaries. Boundaries are important in any relationship such as marriage, family, friendship, neighbors, co-workers, classmates, church members, etc. Boundaries let us know exactly where we stand in each relationship as well as what is acceptable and what is unacceptable in various social settings.
Jarius, a ruler of the Jews, came to Jesus Christ requesting him to heal his daughter. Jesus Christ went to Jarius' house and set boundaries so that the healing could take place. He put people out of the house. Only her parents and certain disciples were able to be in the operating room. The parents held the original idea of their daughters' perfection. Each of the disciples present represented a particular spiritual faculty that was a necessary part of the healing process: Peter (faith), James (order), John (love).
Consciousness is our awareness of God and the good in each situation. Each person has an individual consciousness and each group has a collective consciousness. Jesus Christ desired for the collective consciousness of the group to be one of healing. Any individual who did not hold the vision of the young lady's wholeness had to leave the room. Only those who were on one accord with the Christ consciousness could stay in the room.
Jesus Christ manifested social fitness by setting boundaries in the house. He was not afraid to say who could stay and who had to go. Like Jesus Christ, it is important for us to know when to put people out of the room of our lives. Releasing people and letting them go is essential to our success at being socially fit. Some people are not able to be with us in certain places or at certain times due to their consciousness.
Leave a Reply
scroll to top


text:
Why does Git have tags? (instead of just branches)
They seem to be second-class citizens, or at least "different." They aren't pushed unless you specify that explicitly. Deletions of remote tags doesn't cause deletion in downstream repos.
This last point was a problem recently, as someone pushed a bunch of garbage tags with tons of commits from another repo. We could delete them upstream and gc the commits, but that wouldn't propogate, and the next time someone pushed a tag with
git push --tags, they'd repush those garbage tags and commits. So we had to make sure everyone deleted them.
When and why would I use a tag instead of a branch?


procedure.
Comparing the skeleton to the tensor product grid required to approximate $\tilde{f}$ to machine precision, we see that $\tilde{f}$ is numerically of low rank, so Diskfun is effectively compressing the representation. The clustering of sample points near the center and the edges of the disk can be observed in the tensor product grid; low rank methods alleviate this issue in many instances.
plot(f, '.-', MS, 10, LW, 0.3), axis off
title('Low rank function samples', FS, 16), snapnow
[ m, n ] = length(f);
r = chebpts(m);
r = r((m+1)/2: m);
[ tt, rr ] = meshgrid( linspace(-pi, pi, n), r );
XX = rr.*cos(tt);
YY = rr.*sin(tt);
clf, plot(XX, YY, 'k', LW, 0.1)
hold on
plot(XX', YY', 'k', LW, 0.1)
view(2), axis square, axis off
title('Tensor product function samples', FS, 16)
Writing the approximant as in (\ref{eq:lra}) allows us to work with it as a continuous analogue of a matrix factorization. Then, the "column" (radial) slices of $f$ are the collection of Chebyshev interpolants $c_j(\rho)$, and the "row" slices are the trigonometric interpolants $r_j(\theta)$. These can be plotted; doing so we observe that each column is either even or odd, and each row is either $\pi$-periodic or $\pi$-antiperiodic. This is reflective of the BMC structure inherent to the approximant.
title('5 of the 26 column slices of f'), snapnow
title('5 of the 26 row slices of f')
In practice, several basis choices can be used for approximation on the disk (see [Boyd & Yu, 2011]). Diskfun uses the Chebyshev--Fourier basis, and f is fully characterized by its Chebyshev and Fourier coefficients. The command plotcoeffs lets us inspect these details.
[Boyd & Yu, 2011] J.P. Boyd, and F. Yu, Comparing seven spectral methods for interpolation and for solving the Poisson equation in a disk: Zernike polynomials, Logan & Shepp ridge polynomials, Chebyshev & Fourier series, cylindrical Robert functions, Bessel & Fourier expansions, square-to-disk conformal mapping and radial basis functions, J. Comp. Physics, 230.4 (2011), pp. _PHONE_.
[Churchill & Brown, 1978] R.V. Churchill, and J.W. Brown, Fourier Series and Boundary Value Problems, McGraw-Hill, 1978.
[Fornberg 1998] B. Fornberg, A Practical Guide to Pseudospectral Methods, Cambridge University Press, 1998.
[Townsend, Wilber & Wright, 2016] A. Townsend, H. Wilber, and G.B. Wright, Computing with functions in spherical and polar geometries I. The sphere, SIAM J. Sci. Comp., 38-4 (2016), C403-C425.
[Wilber, Townsend & Wright, 2016b] A. Townsend, H. Wilber, and G.B. Wright, Computing with functions in spherical and polar geometries II. The disk, SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 39-3 (2017), C238-C262.
[Trefethen, 2000] L. N. Trefethen, Spectral Methods in MATLAB, SIAM, 2000.


Alexander Agricola
Alexander Agricola, (born 1446Flanders—died 1506Valladolid, Spain), composer of the late Burgundian polyphonic school.
Agricola was educated in the Netherlands and entered the service of Charles VII of France. He later went to Milan and in 1474 was at the court of Lorenzo de' Medici. The same year he returned to the Netherlands. In 1500 he became chaplain and chanter to Philip the Fair of Burgundy, whom he accompanied to Spain. His works appear widely in contemporary printed music books and are noted for their rhythmic ingenuity. They include masses, motets, French chansons, and Italian carnival songs.


text:
Definitions for huddler
Random House Webster's College Dictionary
hud•dleˈhʌd l(v.; n.)-dled, -dling
(v.i.)to gather or crowd together in a close mass:
They huddled around the stove to get warm.
to crouch, curl up, or draw oneself together.
to confer or consult.
(v.t.)to heap or crowd together closely.
to draw (oneself) closely together, as in crouching; nestle (often fol. by up).
to put on (clothes) with careless haste (often fol. by on).
(n.)a closely gathered group, mass, or heap.
a close gathering of football players behind the scrimmage line to hear instructions for the next play.
a conference, esp. a private one about a serious matter.
Origin of huddle:
1570–80; hud- (weak grade of root found in hide1) + -le
a member of a huddle
a person who crouches
"low huddlers against the wind"
One who huddles.
one who huddles things together


text:
Digital Shoe Design Kit by DaveMakesStuff
Regular price $ 0.00
Unit price per
This kit contains all the digital parts you need to design your own basic running shoe.
These files are not meant to be printed directly. First, you will need to import them into your favourite 3D design software to texture, size, and combine according to your creative preferences. Final designs can be printed as you wish.
All parts are for the left shoe, but most programs have an option to "mirror" the object to create the right shoe.
These files are optimized for use with nTopology but can be used with most 3D editing software.
To create a basic, non-textured shoe, simply import, combine, and print your choice of the following files: "Outsole", "Midsole", "Upper", "Toe Cup", "Heel Counter", "Heel Pull", "Tongue" and "Laces". If multicolor printing is an option, you may choose to print some parts in different colours.
This kit provides additional tools to customize three areas of the shoe: upper, the outer face of the midsole, and the outsole (or tread).
For the upper, surface texture can be applied directly to the "Upper" file. There are also two upper surfaces provided in Parasolid format. "Upper Surface" aligns with the outer surface of the upper and can be used to create conformal cell maps for "lightweighting" the upper volume with lattice or TPMS structures. "Upper Surface Mid" conforms to the middle of the 3mm thick upper volume and can be used to reference surface lattices and Voronoi structures.
The "Topline Edge Field" file is provided to facilitate field driven design approaches to thickening or modifying structures along the topline of the upper. The other shoe components can also be used to apply field driven design to other areas and boundaries of the upper.
The outer face of the midsole is the most common are for texturing or modifying, while the inner surfaces of the midsole are usually left smooth. "Inset Midsole" has an inset volume along the outer face of the midsole. It is 2mm deep, with a 2mm border. The midsole inset volume can be textured or modified separately and recombined with the "Inset Midsole" to create the final midsole.
For the midsole inset volume, surface texture can be applied directly to the "Midsole Inset Volume" file. There are also two midsole inset volume surfaces provided in Parasolid format. "Midsole Inset Outer Surface" conforms with the outer surface of the midsole and can be used to create conformal cell maps for "lightweighting" the upper volume with lattice or TPMS structures. "Midsole Inset Mid Surface" conforms with the middle of the 2mm deep midsole inset volume and can be used to create surface lattices and Voronoi structures.
For the outsole, texture can be applied directly to the "Outsole" file. The "Midsole" is also provided in Parasolid format to allow the bottom face to be used to create conformal cell maps or surface lattices.
The "Outsole Edge Field" file is provided to facilitate field driven design approaches to thickening or modifying structures along the edges of the outsole.
There are three sample shoes that demonstrate volume modification using surface texturing, conformal cell maps and surface lattices. To facilitate FDM printing, none of the sample shoes have outsole texturing.
"Shoe Example – Textured" demonstrate two types of surface texturing applied to the upper and midsole inset volume
"Shoe Example - Cell Map" demonstrates application of a conformal cell map define a gyroid TPMS structure in the upper, and a square honeycomb lattice structure in the midsole.
"Shoe Example – Lattice" uses the "mid surfaces" to demonstrate two different types of surface lattice applied to the upper and midsole.
Turn your shoes into playful vases, planters or pencil holders with these socks. To ensure that the socks fit onto the shoes, do not use the "Tongue" object in your shoe design.


text:
In aquatic communities, the phenology of breeding may influence species interactions. In the early-breeding marbled salamander, Ambystoma opacum, timing of pond filling may determine whether interactions among larvae are competitive or predatory. The objectives of our studies were to determine how time of egg hatching affected size, larval period, and survival to metamorphosis in A. opacum, and if early-hatching in A. opacum influenced the competitive and predator-prey relationships with smaller larvae of the mole salamander, Ambystoma talpoideum. Salamander larvae were reared from hatching through metamorphosis in large, outdoor enclosures located in a natural temporary pond in Aiken County, South Carolina, in two experiments. In study 1, we reared earlyand late-hatching A. opacum larvae separately from hatching through metamorphosis. In study 2, we examined how earlyversus late-hatching A. opacum affected a syntopic species, A. talpoideum. In general, early-hatching A. opacum were larger and older at metamorphosis, had greater survival, and left the pond earlier than late-hatching larvae. Ambystoma talpoideum reared in the presence of early-hatching A. opacum had lower survival than in controls, suggesting that A. opacum may predate upon A. talpoideum when they gain a growth advantage over later-hatching larvae. Our studies demonstrate that time of pond filling and phenology of breeding may influence population dynamics and alter the nature of relationships that develop among species.
Additional publication details
Effects of hatching time for larval ambystomatid salamanders


text: Identifying the anthropometric measures of successful and less successful handball players may be helpful in developing a talent identification and development model, allowing for the determination of key physical capacities required for elite performance. The purpose of the study was to describe the anthropometric characteristics, including age, standing stature, body mass and body mass index (BMI) in handball players who participated in the 2013 Men's Handball World Championships. Secondly, the objective was to identify the possible differences in these parameters in terms of individual playing positions (goalkeeper, back, center back, wing, line player). Rosters with handball player's age, standing stature, and body mass were obtained from the International Handball Federation website. The research material included 409 handball players (24 teams). National teams were organized by their ranks and sub-grouped using their continents and playing positions. The results of the analyses of variance demonstrated significant differences in age (F=2.30; p=0.044; Partial ŋ2=0.028), standing stature (F=14.02; p=0.0001; Partial ŋ2=0.148), and body mass (F=5.88; p=0.0001; Partial ŋ2=0.068) among the groups (G1-G6). Players in G1 had the highest standing stature and body mass, while players in G6 had the lowest age and body mass values. The backs and line players were the tallest. In addition, the measurement of body mass showed that the line players had the highest body mass and BMI values. In conclusion, this study presented anthropometric data that differentiated levels of success in male handball teams playing in the 2013 world championships. This information should serve as a reference for the average standing stature, body mass, and BMI of handball players for particular positions at the professional level.


palate and moves from the velum to the hard palate when the fundamentals moves from A2 (110 Hz) to A3 (220 Hz) in order to create the same pitched distance of 3 octaves in parallel.
 1. To create the opposite direction between overtones and fundamentals
When the fundamental is sung at A2 (110 Hz) the overtone is at H16 (4 octaves above the fundamental). While the fundamental goes up to A3 (220 Hz), the overtone goes down to H4 (2 octaves above the fundamental). Consequently, this shows the opposite movement of fundamentals and overtones. In order to get this spectrum, the position of the tip of the tongue touches near the teeth under the roof of the palate (H16 will be heard) and moves back slowly to the velum (H4) while the fundamentals start with low pitch (A2) and ends with high pitch (A3) of the A tonality
 1. To write words with overtones (such words like MINIMUM, WIN )
A limited number of words can be written with overtones. With the same pitch of the fundamental, the written words can be done by varying overtones at three levels (under 1,000 Hz, 2,000 Hz, and 3,000 Hz)
 1. To create UNDERTONES (F-2, F-3, F-4 while singing a melody)
Some traditional throat voices like Tuvan Kargyraa, Xhosa Umngqokolo from South Africa, the Tenore voice of the Sardinian Quintina (the fusion of 4 main voices creates the virtual fifth overtone voice) use the undertone going down one octave lower than the real fundamental. Leonardo Fuks from Brazil arrived to go down to F-5 (2 octaves and a major third below the fundamental) but he could not sing a tune with that way. I have succeeded in dividing the fundamental pitch into 2, 3, and 4. With the use of arytenoids inside of my throat, I could sing one octave lower (F-2), one octave and a fifth lower (F-3) and two octaves lower (F-4) than the real fundamental pitch (between 110 Hz and 150 Hz). It is not possible to create the undertones above 220 Hz or below 60 Hz
 1. To combine OVERTONES and UNDERTONES while singing a melody
In Tuvan kargyraa, and Xhosa umngqokolo from South Africa, the combination of overtones (melody) and undertones (real fundamental split into two – F-2) can be produced simultaneously. With my experiment, I could sing an overtone melody with the fundamental divided into 3 (F-3) simultaneously. The perception is naturally not at all identical.
 1. To create overtones corresponding to 7 chakras in Yoga
In Yoga, there exist 7 chakras corresponding to 7 vowels, 7 sounds or pitches, 7 overtones and 7 points of the human body. I carried out experimen-tal research in the presence of overtones in Yoga. The result of my three-year study was presented at the International Congress of Yoga in France in 2002.
According to my research, the fundamental of voice should be at 150Hz.
1 Mulâdhâra coccyx H n° 4 U 600Hz
2 Svâdhishthâna genitals H n° 5 O 750Hz
3 Manipûra navel H n° 6 Ö 900Hz
4 Anâhata heart H n° 8 A 1200Hz
5 Vishuddha throat H n° 9 E 1350Hz
6 Ajnâ between eyebrows H n°10 AE 1500Hz
7 Sahasrâra top of head H n°12 I 1800Hz
First, I would like to present you a quick overview of different possibilities that the voice can be found in traditional musics in the world and second, I am happy to show you some results of my recent discoveries on overtone / undertone study. Thank you for your attention..
Selective Bibliography for Overtone Singing Study
Bloothooft G. Bringmann E., van Capellen M., van Luipen J.B., Thoamssen K.P. 1992: "Acoustic and Perception of Overtone Singing", in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, JASA, vol.92, n°4: _PHONE_.
Dargie, D. 1993: "Thembu Xhosa umngqokolo overtone singing : the use of the human voice as a type of "musical bow", paper presented at the ICTM Conference in Berlin. (self publication)
Grawunder, S. 2003 : "Der südsibirische Kehlgesang als Gegenstand phonetishcer Untersuchungen", in Gegenstandsauffassung und aktuelle phonetische Forschungen der halleschen Sprechwissenschaft :53-91, Eva-Maria Krech/Eberhard Stock (Ed), Peter Lang, Halle, Germany.
Grawunder, S. 2003: „Unusual phonetic and acoustic features in certain Tuvan throat singing styles", Scientific Center of Research „Xoomei", Kyzyl, Tuva
Leipp, E. 1971 : "Le probleme acoustique du chant diphonique", Bulletin du Groupe d'Acoustique Musicale, no 58 : 1-10, Universite de Paris VI
Leothaud, G. 1989 : « Considerations acoustiques et musicales sur le chant diphonique », Le Chant diphonique, dossier n°1 : 17-43, Institut de la Voix, Limoges, France
Sundberg, Johan 1987 : The Science of the Singing Voice , Northern Illinois University Press, USA
Tisato G., Cosi, P. 2003: "On the Magic of Overtone Singing", in Voce, Canto Parlato : 83-100, Unipress (publisher), Padova, Italy
Tongeren, van M. 2002 : Overtone Singing / Physics and Metaphysics of Harmonics in East and West, 271 pages, Fusica publisher, 1 CD, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Tran Quang Hai, Guillou D. 1980 : « Original Research and Acoustical Analysis in connection with the Xöömij style of Biphonic Singing ", in Musical Voices of Asia : 163-173, The Japan Foundation (ed), Heibonsha Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
Tran Quang Hai, Zemp H., 1991: "Recherches experimentales sur le chant diphonique", Cahiers de musiques traditionnelles, 4 (Voix) : 27-68, Ateliers d'Ethnomusicologie, Geneva, Switzerland.
Tran Quang Hai 2002 : « A la decouverte du chant diphonique », in Moyens d'investigation et Pedagogie de la voix chantee : 117-132, with a CD Rom, Guy Cornut (ed), Symetrie publishers, Lyon, France
1990 Le chant des harmoniques (The Song of Harmonics), film 16mm and video cassette, 38 minutes, directed by H.Zemp, co-authors (Tran Quang Hai and Hugo Zemp), CNRS Audio Visuel (prod), France. Contact: Tran Quang Hai, email: or
2003 Le chant diphonique, DVD, 27 minutes, directed by C.Beguinet, co-authors (Tran Quang Hai and Luc Souvet), Centre Regional de Documentation Pedagogique (CRDP), Saint Denis, Isle of the Reunion, contact: Luc Souvet email :
Weborama (type each of these words : overtone singing, throat singing, biphonic singing, diphonic singing, canto difonico, oberton, khoomei, sygyt, kargyraa, harmonic singing,)
Leave a Reply
You are commenting using your account. Log Out / Change )
Google photo
Twitter picture
Facebook photo
Connecting to %s


real estate
Restrictive covenants protect land value
Steve McLindenq_v2.gifDear Steve,
We are looking at a parcel of raw land. Do restrictive covenants on a property increase or decrease its value? We are told the land can't be subdivided into less than three-acre plots, and its uses must be either agricultural or single-family dwellings.
-- Sherie
a_v2.gifDear Sherie,
Restrictive covenants generally protect property values because they promote more tasteful construction and orderly land use. Such covenants are typically put in place by a developer, lot owner or homeowners association and usually stipulate the minimum size of a residence and number of lots that can be built there.
Covenants often spell out such concerns as how far a home can be set back from a street, where easements for power lines or roads can be located and what buildings can be constructed on the property. They also can impose limits on tree cutting and fences, among many other things.
Covenants aside, make sure you know the inherent limitations in buying raw land. If you plan to eventually build a home there, you may be expected to foot the bill for bringing power, gas, water and cable television to the land, assuming those services are not already there. Plus, you may have to build and maintain a road or gravel path to access your plot.
You can imagine how expensive this work can be. Some counties and cities require multiple permits for even minor aspects of construction, which can also run up the cost of construction as can unstable soil on your property. All of this will affect your investment, whether you build your own house or break up the land for resale to a potential homeowner.
Also, just how rural is this plot? Can you get a cell-phone signal out there? It would be prudent to check with some of the locals on winter road conditions, snow plowing and any issues they have with utility availability and cell-service consistency.
Make sure the land in question has been surveyed by an engineer or registered surveyor to avoid future lot-line disputes. To be safe, buy title insurance before you close on the parcel. You may discover there's a cattle easement on it.
If you do build your own house there, do a Web search first to see if there is a home-building consultant in your area who can walk you through some of the preliminary steps of building on raw land.
Investment-wise, restrictive covenants seldom decrease a land's value unless they are so restrictive that they chase away would-be buyers of good credit and character. The three-acre minimum the covenant is imposing is not uncharacteristic with a country plot. Your main concern should be with the protections you'll need when you're out there in the "raw."
Good luck.
Show Bankrate's community sharing policy
 Connect with us
Polyana da Costa
Borrowers get $2.5B from Citi
Partner Center
Connect with us


text:
your.data <- data.frame(Symbol = c("IDEA","PFC","RPL","SOBHA"))
new.variable <- as.vector(your.data$Symbol) # this will create a character vector
VitoshKa suggested to use the following code.
new.variable.v <- your.data$Symbol # this will retain the factor nature of the vector
What you want depends on what you need. If you are using this vector for further analysis or plotting, retaining the factor nature of the vector is a sensible solution.
How these two methods differ:
#1 2 3 4
_TAG_ PFC RPL SOBHA


text:
Medicine LodgeArticle Free Pass
Medicine Lodge, city, seat (1876) of Barber county, southern Kansas, U.S. It lies 70 miles (113 km) west-southwest of Wichita, along the Medicine Lodge River. The site was regarded as sacred by the Kiowa Indians, who erected huts on the banks of the river, which is rich in magnesium sulfate, or Epsom salts; white settlers called these huts "medicine lodges." In 1867 representatives of the Five Tribes of the Plains—the Kiowa, Cheyenne, Comanche, Arapaho, and Kiowa Apache—met there with U.S. commissioners to negotiate a treaty that opened the area to white settlement and railroads and fixed the southern boundary of Kansas. The town was laid out in 1873 and was incorporated as a city in 1879.
The city is now a shipping point for wheat and cattle and is the site of a large gypsum plant based on the nearby Gypsum Hills, a scenic area of canyons, towering mesas, and buttes. Carry Nation (1846–1911), the hatchet-wielding temperance crusader, lived in Medicine Lodge, where in 1899 she attacked her first saloon with an umbrella; her home is preserved as a shrine and museum. A pageant reenacting the peace treaty, combined with an intertribal powwow, is held every three years. Barber State Fishing Lake is nearby. Pop. (2000) 2,193; (2010) 2,009.
What made you want to look up "Medicine Lodge"? Please share what surprised you most...


Nmedia - Fotolia
Android bootloader: How does it work and what is the risk?
Several vulnerabilities were recently discovered in Android bootloaders via the BootStomp tool. Kevin Beaver explains how they work and what risk these vulnerabilities present.
Computer scientists recently discussed several vulnerabilities that were discovered in Android bootloaders using...
the BootStomp tool. How do Android bootloaders work, and what are the risks of the vulnerabilities?
Android bootloaders work similar to a BIOS on a PC, as they enable the phone to look for a boot device and start up from it. Bootloaders also enable users to reset their device, unlock the bootloader and put the bootloader in fastboot mode to enable files to be sent from a computer -- typically to flash different official firmware or recoveries.
Vulnerabilities are typically caused when the device's bootloader is unlocked, as an unlocked bootloader enables the user to make many different changes to the device that the OEM would not typically allow. This can include flashing custom ROMs, sideloading programs, flashing recoveries and modifying system elements.
Most OEMs won't honor devices with problems if their bootloaders are unlocked, since a locked bootloader usually provides better protection against vulnerabilities. These vulnerabilities can prevent the device from booting up, programs from operating properly, and it can also alter the device's actions.
Unlocked bootloader impacts users
Unlocking a bootloader would not be caused by a standard user. Even fewer people have root access, which some of these vulnerabilities require. These exploits would somehow need to gain root access to the Android device to make changes, and they could be devastating if that access is obtained.
There could be some cases of consumers buying used devices like phones that come with an unlocked bootloader or that have been rooted, but those instances are rare. These exploits could possibly unlock the bootloader themselves, but this action would most likely require a reboot to do so.
The best way to stay safe from these vulnerabilities is to only install apps that you trust and to make sure that you know what apps you're giving administrative access to on an Android.
Ask the expert:
This was last published in January 2018
Dig Deeper on Mobile application security best practices


text:
The "discovery" and conquest of the Americas by Christopher Columbus, Hernán Cortés, and later explorers provided great wealth for Spain and other European nations who plundered natural resources including precious metals. But the indigenous peoples had used gold for centuries in their economic, political, and spiritual affairs.
On this guided tour, explore galleries housing remarkable gold art objects collected and donated to the MFAH by Houston philanthropist Alfred C. Glassell, Jr., and learn more about the objects' diverse uses by ancient civilizations that predated the arrival of the Europeans.
► Admission is free when you purchase lunch from that day's on-site food truck or from the MFAH location of Cafe Express, so make Lunch + Look part of your routine! General admission is always free for MFAH Members.


text:
Definition of minimax in English:
1.1 [as modifier] (In game theory) denoting a strategy that minimizes the greatest risk to a participant.
- This paper introduced the idea of minimax reasoning for lower bounding randomized algorithms, and appeared only in FOCS 83.
- Michie recalls Turing experimenting with heuristics that later became common in chess programming (in particular minimax and best-first).
- There are real problems of deciding whether a given 'game' has a global minimax or multiple local minimaxes or a minimax at all!
1.2 [as modifier] Denoting the theory that in a game with two players, a player's smallest possible maximum loss is equal to the same player's greatest possible minimum gain.
- One possible solution is the minimax search algorithm.
- In game theory von Neumann proved the minimax theorem.
Words that rhyme with minimaxclimax • Betamax • anthrax
Definition of minimax in:
- US English dictionary
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
Comments that don't adhere to our Community Guidelines may be moderated or removed.


German Lessons
Get Off On the Right Foot
English has quite a few idioms using the word "foot," and the German language also "puts its best foot forward" in this regard!
Some German foot expressions are very similar to English:
Ich nehm' mein Herz und leg's dir zu Füßen.
I'll take my heart and lay it at your feet.
Caption 3, Deutsche Musik - Chris und Croissant
 Play Caption
Sometimes, a German expression is close to English, but with a spin of its own:
Er war von Kopf bis Fuß grün angezogen.
He was dressed in green from head to foot [idiom: completely].
Caption 23, Märchen - Sagenhaft - Ein Topf voll Gold
 Play Caption
The above expression is very similar, of course, to the English "from head to toe." Most German idiomatic expressions with the word Fuß are quite different, however:
Und die Besucher müssen wirklich gut zu Fuß sein.
And the visitors must be really good to foot [idiom: agile].
Captions 18-19, Internationale Automobilausstellung - IAA in Frankfurt öffnet die Pforten
 Play Caption
The English foot idiom that comes closest is "light on their feet." At Yabla, we translate idioms literally (word for word), and then add a dictionary-style definition for clarity.
Be careful you don't "put your foot in it" though, as some expressions sound similar to English, but have a completely different meaning:
Was Henne gesagt hat, hat ja eigentlich auch Hand und Fuß.
But I think what Henne has said also actually has a hand and a foot [idiom: makes sense].
Caption 48, Luxuslärm - Interview
 Play Caption
If you recall the English saying "to wait on someone hand and foot," you might falsely interpret the German to mean that Henne was being servile, when in fact she was making sense!
Further Learning
Learn some more expressions about other parts of the body here, and go to Yabla German and see how the word Fuß is used in different contexts.
You May Also Like


Link Search Menu Expand Document
State Management
Building your Store, you can add Handlers to respond to actions and adjust your model accordingly:
val store = object : RootStore("") {
 val append = handle { model, action: String ->
 val clear = handle { model ->
Whenever a String is sent to the append-Handler, it updates the model by appending the text to its current model. clear is a Handler that doesn't need any information to do its work, so the second parameter can be omitted.
Since everything in fritz2 is reactive, most of the time you want to connect a Flow of actions to the Handler instead of calling it directly which is also possible:
someFlowOfString handledBy store.append
Each Store inherits a Handler called update, accepting the same type as the Store as its action. It updates the Store's value to the new value it receives. You can use this handler to conveniently implement two-way-databinding by using the changes event-flow of an input-Tag, for example:
val store = RootStore("")
render {
 input {
 changes.values() handledBy store.update
changes in this example is a Flow of events created by listening to the Change-Event of the underlying input-element. Calling values() on it extracts the current value from the input. Whenever such an event is raised, a new value appears on the Flow and is processed by the update-Handler of the Store to update the model. Event-flows are available for all HTML5-events. There are some more convenience functions to help you to extract data from an event or control event-processing.
You can map the elements of the Flow to a specific action-type before connecting it to the Handler. This way you can also add information from the rendering-context to the action. You may also use any other source for a Flow like recurring timer events or even external events.
If you need to purposefully fire an action at some point in your code (to init a [Store] for example) use
//call handler with data
//call handler without data
If the content of your Store is not bound anywhere but need its handler's code to be executed whenever an action is available, you have to explicitly watch() it:
val store = object : RootStore(initialWhatever) {
 val printMessage = handle { model ->
 console.log("some message")
Next we will have a look at how to use Lists as a model.
Table of contents
Distributed by a MIT license.


text:
A system dynamics model for assessing the impacts of design errors in construction projects
MetadataShow full item record
Design errors leading to rework and/or design changes are considered to be the primary contributor to schedule delays and cost overruns in design and construction projects. While design errors are deemed prevalent, most design and construction firms do not measure the number of errors they create, thereby having limited knowledge regarding their mechanism to undermine project performance. To address this, a system dynamics model has been developed to capture the dynamics of design errors and systematically assess their negative impacts. This paper reports on the development of the model, and its application to a university building project. The results indicate that design errors can significantly delay project schedule in spite of continuous schedule recovery actions taken by construction managers. The case study also shows that schedule pressure can propagate the negative impact of design errors to numerous construction activities, including those that are not directly associated with the errors. Finally, the case study confirms that the developed model can more rigorously assess the negative impact of design errors, which is often underestimated by practitioners. Based on these results, it is concluded that the developed model can assist project managers in better understanding the dynamics of design errors and recovering delayed schedule, particularly under schedule pressure.
Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.
Documentation errors in instrumentation and electrical systems: Toward productivity improvement using System Information ModelingLove, Peter; Zhou, Jingyang; Sing, Michael; Kim, Jeong (2013)Documentation errors have been identified as a significant problem within the construction and engineering industry. Errors contained with contract documents can contribute to loss of profit, reduced productivity, and...
Liu, J.; Hou, L.; Wang, Xiangyu (2014)Productivity is critical to large and complex capital projects in sectors like infrastructure and resources. It normally relates to a significant scheduling issue when pursuing both time and cost objectives. A poor planning...
Olatunji, Oluwole; Akanmu, A. (2014)This chapter proposes an approach to deploying an adaptive cyber-physical system (aCPS) for project monitoring and control. In developing the system, we use a prototype platform which employs a radio frequency identification...


Skip to content
Songket Deli - Padi
Rp 1.450.000,00
Rice Pattern was first introduced by the 12th Sultan of Deli. The pattern is taken from the form of rice plants as a basic necessity that gives life to humans. As the Malay people say "Joining Rice, The Older The Subdued", which means that humans must imitate the appearance of rice plants, the older people are, the more humble themselves should be.
Materials: Poly-Rayon
Dimensions: 200 cm x 100 cm
Color: Almond-Dark


Rice Water for Skin, Hair and Health
The craze of using rice water is catching up very fast. If you have not yet heard of it, rice water is highly beneficial for certain health issues and also in taking care of the skin and hair. Let us first see the health benefits:
 - instantly energizes the body due to the high concentration of carbohydrates
 - provides instant relief from diarrhea
 - has been used successfully to treat gastroenteritis
 - prevents cancer
 - controls high blood pressure
 - helps in preventing Alzheimer's disease
 - reduces the body temperature or internal heat of the body
 - prevents constipation
In short, I would say it provides all the health benefits that eating rice would provide. But, more than that, rice water has been used as a face wash and a hair wash.
 - Washing your face with rice water makes your skin very soft and it also helps in improving the complexion
 - Is a great substitute for toner and firms up your skin
 - Helps in reducing the size of the pores on your skin
 - Washing your hair with rice water brings shine in the hair and helps to keep it healthy. Follow up with cold water rinse.
 - Powdered rice grains are also used as body scrub and they make your skin extra soft
How to make rice water?
I have read at many places that the water used to wash rice prior to cooking is rice water. But, that is not the actual rice water. You may collect it but it will not give you the full benefits. Instead, you should boil the rice in more water than usual quantity you use so that the rice does not absorb all the water and strain the extra water. This water is the actual rice water which is full of nutritional benefits. You may drink it or let it cool to use as a face wash or a hair wash. You may even garnish it with various spices and herbs. Read this article for step by step instruction on how to cook rice water.
Watch the video to learn how you can use rice water in various ways. But, make sure you cook the rice water the proper way.
 1. says
 hi dear i have a question how often shd we use tis rice water and if we boil the rice it also contain salt as we add salt in the rice is it ok to use such water on yr skin
 - says
 oops!!! I didn't see about the salt part. yes, don't add salt as it dries out the skin if used on a daily basis. actually, we do boil rice without adding salt.
 - Anonymous says
 do not add salt while cooking the rice. You add it when u want salt later. One benefit u dont need loads of salt
 the curries and other side dishes will add the salt ok bye
 - says
 Well, the whole point of rice water is to place the RAW RICE into warm/hot water to leave behind all the healthy benefits. At that point, you'd drain the rice water off and THEN you start to add ingredients to your rice, that including the salt. You add anything to your rice while making your rice water.
 - Anonymous says
 Delicious Rice water Recipe:
 1 Cup rice
 1 Cinnamon stick
 1/2 Gallon of cold water
 put the rice and the cinnamon stick(cut in half)in a bowl with 3cups of water wait for about an hour and put in a blender use a strainer to pour the water in to your 1/2 gallon of cold water so the rice and cinnamon stay on the strainer and not on water,add Sugar to your rice water and enjoy :)
 - Shikha says
 If you add salt then may be fat increase so you can drink it like a normal water and use like a normal water on face and hair
 2. says
 Hey Fatima
 You can use the rice water any number of times you want. There is no limit. And, yes, there is no problem in drinking rice water with salt or using it on skin. But, make sure not to use it on hair because salt is not good for hair.
 3. says
 hi dear thnks for the reply i was wondering whether the starch water we get whn we cook the rice is it safe for the skin
 dear i have one more request can u also post something for a perfect make up as u knw its the season of marriages and we all go out so please can v have some articles on tat
 i actually want to knw how can u get a glow on the face like the shiny look katrina has i mean wht kind of a bronzer or wht is used to get tat affect thnks in advance
 4. Anonymous says
 Can you please tell me what rice protein does for your skin? I have seen this in facial products, but have been unable to find any info on it. Is it the same as what you are speaking of?
 Thank you for your time and have a wonderful day.
 5. says
 hey…rice protein makes skin soft, firmer and lightens the skin tone too…so using rice water helps in keeping skin soft….hope this answers your doubt…do get back if you have questions…would love to clarify them :)
 - says
 hey, yes, in the video, the rice is not boiled…I have provided the link for the instructions for boiled water…you can use the drained water too but I am not sure how much it really helps with keeping the skin face clear!!!
 6. shruthy says
 hye! diz s shruti..im 21 yrs old..n i have regular break outs.. so can yo help me out by giving some korean natural home remedies.. thanx in advance! :) :)
 7. says
 hey Shruti…I am sorry but I can really not help you with Korean remedies coz I am not Korean…but I have posted on acne skin care so you can go through them…hope this helps :)
 8. Anonymous says
 hi dere…Liked ur info…well just wanna know a homemade cleanser nnd one more thing for how many days we can store the boiled rice water..Esha..
 9. says
 hi Esha…I am sorry but I didn't get the point of homemade cleanser….boiled rice water should ideally be consumed on the same day I suppose..actually you can make it in adequate quantity and if any extra is left, just drink it…it is very nutritious and healthy for intake too :)
 10. says
 Hi Swati
 I was reading another article on rice water and it said tht the water left after washing the rice has to be used.And yur post says that the water left after cooking the rice has to be used. Please advise
 11. says
 Hi Ariya…welcome to my blog….I have mentioned this point in the post that many people advise that collecting that water is beneficial for skin but actually that water is more of dirty than full of benefits from rice..that's what I feel and I have drunk the rice water from boiling so I know its a bit different in texture than the water collected from washing rice…so my advise would be to get boiled rice water…hope this helps :)
 12. Anonymous says
 When you use rice-water you have to use the water left over from rinsing the rice. Because it is full of impurities, you should separately boil this water. I have found that if you refrigerate it the product lasts longer. Tip: try adding green tea while boiling and it becomes a great skin-care product ^__^
 13. says
 Love your blog :) found this just a few days before my marriage it was great but if I had known this before It would've been just great, my bad luck.. nevertheless…
 I found this tip very useful and forced it on my husband too.. He also liked it.. hehe :) I just wanted to know if we can preserve this water?? usually when I cook thr is a lot of rice water left out and i collect everything. Its not possible to use the whole thing. So I was just wondering if it can be refrigerated or preserved in some other way?
 14. says
 thanks a lot Madhuri and welcome to the blog…hope you will keep enjoying it :)
 yes, you can keep the water I guess…I am not very sure but I don't think it will get spoiled if refrigerated but not more than 3 days!!!
 15. Madhuri says
 Yes you are right.. I had kept it outside for several days and what I noticed was that the starchy texture is gone and it becomes just plain thin translucent kind of water.. So it becomes useless for what we actually want to achieve. So use it the same day or maximum the next day not more than that.
 16. Anonymous says
 hi… but does having the boiled rice water result in weight gain??
 please advice as i was told that if u consume it everyday it results in weight gain.
 thanks so much
 - says
 well…as far as my experience with the rice water, I didn't notice any weight gain and I had taken rice water for a long time!!! but, may be its possible because it has starch. But, if you take brown rice water, that will not cause any such effects. hope this helps :)
 17. Anonymous says
 hey loved your tip, just one doubt


10 Famous Landmarks in Europe
Europe is extremely famous for its remarkable landmarks. Tourists from all over the world came to watch these landmarks. The well known and attractive tourists spots are constructed centuries ago, and still, they are present and some are even used today. In this article, explore the real beauty of these historical landmarks. Following are the 10 famous landmarks in Europe.
10. Charles Bridge
Charles Bridge has a great history and is located in Prague, Czech Republic. Its name is quite unique and was actually chosen because it was beautifully constructed under the auspices of King Charles IV. Its construction was started in 1357 and is fully completed in the early 1400s. In Prague, it is the oldest bridge and along the bridge different statues of saints are present. Interestingly, these statues were put up between 1683 and 1928. A huge number of tourist came to see this exciting place.
9. Sagrada Familia
Authorities receive the request for its construction but actually, they did not respond to it until 137 years later. The request for construction was initially submitted in 1885. The beautiful parts of the cathedral had been amazingly constructed without the permits. Antonio Gaudi is the man behind this amazing project. He is a well-known architect but unfortunately died before he could complete it. Now new architects are working on this project and they estimate that it will be fully completed in 2026.
8. Big Ben
Big Ben is also known as the Great Bell. This amazing place is located at the northern end of the Palace of Westminister, London. It is extremely famous for its large size and accuracy. Big Ben has four clock faces and is mostly illuminated at night. That scene is so mind-blowing and eye-pleasing that people came from miles away see this spectacular scene. There is a special light above the clock which turn's on when parliament is in session. The interesting fact about this special light is that its hardly ever stopped since its construction. It comes at number 8 in the list of famous landmarks in Europe.
7. Brandenburg Gate
This historical landmark was amazingly constructed between 1788 and 1791 in Germany. Brandenburg Gate was actually a key entry point to the city of Berlin. However, by the 20 century, it literally symbolizes the division between East and West Germany. The more interesting thing is that after the Cold War, amazingly it was now truly recognized as a clear symbol of unity and peace in Europe. Tourists came to see this peaceful destination. Brandenburg Gate is among the most popular landmarks in Europe. Million's of people come on New Year's eve for its pleasing and famous party.
6. Church of Our Saviour on Blood
Church of our savior on blood is located, Saint Petersburg. This popular five-domed dazzler is the most elaborate church existence. Its name is actually a reference to the assassination attempt of Tsar Alexander II. It actually happened in the building in 1881. The design of the church is very beautiful but at the same time, it is so complicated that it literally took 24 24 years to complete construction. This landmark building was actually neglected for most of the Soviet era. But now it is among the main sights in Saint Petersburg, Russia.
5. Acropolis
The Acropolis of Athens has a great history. It is an ancient citadel that basically holds the remains of buildings that have special historical and architectural significance. Parthenon is the most well known among these buildings. Most of the buildings were badly damaged in 1687 when actually gun powder in the Parthenon was hit by a cannonball. But still its the most complete and attractive representation of ancient Greek architecture.
4. St. Peter's Basilica
st peter's-basilica-vatican-city
St. Peters Basilica has significant importance and is one of the most famous churches in the world. The pope mostly uses it as his major church. A large number of people come to visit the spectacular scenes of Basilica at night. The whole architecture of this tremendous building is amazing. But the main reason behind so much popularity of this church is that it is the final resting place of St. Peter, one of Jesus' disciples.
3. The Leaning Tower of Pisa
The Leaning Tower of Pisa is among the most famous and architectural landmarks from Medieval Europe. The slightly curved tower is actually a part of the landmark structures that beautifully make up the cathedral complex in Pisa. Its construction was started in 1173. It took almost 200 years to complete this historical building. The leaning tower of Pisa was constructed by highly experienced architectures. The building itself is a piece of art and the whole design is mind-blowing.
2. The Colosseum
The Colosseum comes at number 2 in the list of Famous Landmarks in Europe. It is basically a highly admired large stone amphitheater that was beautifully constructed in Rome before the first century AD. Although the structure got damaged due to earthquakes, fires, and other natural disasters, it creates a strong and powerful impression of its original form. For the unbeatable and ideal experience at the Colosseum, you should join a guided tour. In this tour you will be able to explore some hidden and interesting facts and your guide will be able to reveal crucial facts on the amphitheater.
1. Eiffel Tower
Eiffel Tower is at top of the list of famous landmarks in Europe. It is so much famous that millions of people visit this amazing tower every year. From the top, you can see the most eye-pleasing and spectacular views of Paris. Paris is known as the city of lights. Whenever someone takes Paris name the first thing that clicked our mind is Eiffel Tower. It is the most iconic place that you have ever seen.
Read also:
Top 10 Largest Churches
10 Extremely Famous Grand Palaces In India
7 Wonderful Pyramids that exist in Mexico
12 Amazing Caves with surprising facts
10 Dangerous Cities to visit


text:
old Irish zodiac was obviously heavily influenced by Greco-Latin
ideals, and translated straight into Irish, although it is interesting
that Leo is called 'Cú', The Hound, and not Leon, the Lion.
There is some evidence to suggest constellation groupings like the
were perceived in ancient Ireland. Other constellations which were
recognised as groupings include Orion (which was known in various
forms, most notably Nuadu of the Silver Hand) and Cassiopeia
and the Northern Crown. Cygnus, The
Swan, was probably recognised as a constellation too. The Milky
Way was known as 'The Way of the White Cow, and has led Mythical
Ireland to believe the ancient 'river goddess' Boann (illuminated
cow) was in fact meant to be the Moon, and that Newgrange,
which is known in Irish as Brú na Bóinne, is not just
a construct designed to capture Winter Solstice sunrise, but also
Full Moon rise at certain times of the lunar cycle. Brú na
Bóinne could mean 'womb of the moon'.
Irish Astrology - An Historical Argument: Interesting article
by Peter Berresford Ellis. Note references to Milky Way, Bealach
na Bo Finne.


Grammar – Questions with 吗
An interrogative sentence is formed by adding the modal particle "吗 ma" at the end of a declarative sentence.
The sentence pattern is :
Declarative sentence + "吗"
Declarative sentence: 他是老师。 He is a teacher.
Interrogative sentence: 他是老师吗？ Is he a teacher?
tā shì lǎo shī ma？
Declarative sentence: 我身体很好。 I am healthy.
Interrogative sentence: 你身体好吗？ How is your health?
nǐ shēn tǐ hǎo ma ？
Try to turn the following declarative sentences into the questions with "吗", and write the meaning of the sentences in English as well:
1. 他知道。
2. 吃过饭了。
3. 他会在家。
4. 大家都到了。
5. 我很累。
* Note:
– You can post your anwsers in the comment section.
– To write Chinese charaters, click here or you can install Google Chinese IME.
– If you have forgotten the character "吗", click here.
33 thoughts on "Grammar – Questions with 吗"
 1. Hi Konstantin,
 2. I have had my meal. / I have eaten.
 3. He will be at home.
 4. Everyone is here. / Everyone has arrived.
 Good try. Happy learning.
 1. 1) 他知道吗? Does he know smth?
 2) 你吃过饭了吗? Have you had a meal?
 3) …….
 4) 大家都到了吗? Have the authorities arrived?
 5) 你很累吗? Are you very tired?
 2. 1. 他知道。 he knows –> 他知道吗? does he know
 2. 吃过饭了。 ate meal (who ate?) –> 吃过饭了吗? has?? had a meal?
 3. 他会在家。 he may be home –> 他会在家吗? is he likely to be home?
 4. 大家都到了。 everyone has arrived –> 大家都到了吗? has everyone arrived?
 5. 我很累 I'm very tired –> 我很累吗? am I very tired?
 Question: can I add '吗?' after '了"?
 1. Hi FloridaPolyglot,
 The last sentence should be : 你很累吗? (Are you very tired?)
 Yes. You can add '吗?' after '了'。
 3. 你好 Min Min:
 Can you tell me who is the subject in "吃过饭了。 (ate meal)"?
 Thanks / 谢谢
 1. Hi FloridaPolyglot,
 "吃过饭了吗？" is same as "你吃过饭了吗？"
 To answer, "我吃过饭了。"
 So the subject is "I". In conversation, sometimes we will omit the pronounce/subject, just like English.
 1. so you can put two characters together that have two different meanings, to create a new word with a totally different meaning"
 here is the second吃过饭了吗= Did you have a meal?
 4. 你身体好吗？
 I'm new to Chinese and just want to say, Thank you very much for sharing and caring 🙂 At first, I looked this interrogative statement and translated the Chinese characters word by word and came up with my own translation:
 "How good is your body?"
 Is this still right? Though in my context, it's different. If that make sense?
 1. ni hao… i am learning chinese here from two months. my hanzi is good but my grammar is not good.. if there is any lesson for begineers grammar help me min min.
 2. min min can you give a conversation between two friends in a topic:给朋友过生日.
 正确的语法和初学者字。20句对话。1friend=10sentence…..i hope for your help.
Leave a Reply to Min Min Cancel reply