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part of its mission to provide leadership in historic buildings technology, the TCX announces a major revision of its specification, "Restoration and Cleaning of Masonry in Historic Structures." The spec now reflects state-of-the-industry guidance for the treatment of historic masonry and mortar, and surpasses existing preservation guidance provided by other federal agencies.
Property managers and cultural resource specialists are encouraged to use the spec in contract documents to ensure that masonry work is performed appropriately to prolong the life of historic buildings. See Unified Facilities Guide Specification 04 01 00.91
Speweik: What is the official title of the specification?
McCroskey: The title is the UNIFIED FACILITIES GUIDE SPECIFICATIONS
DIVISION 04 – MASONRY SECTION 04 01 00.91
RESTORATION AND CLEANING OF MASONRY IN HISTORIC STRUCTURES
Speweik: Who originally authored it?
McCroskey: The Corps was the preparing agent and performed the processing. The exact author(s) are unknown, though Corps staff would have prepared it.
Speweik: How long has it been in use/circulation?
McCroskey: It's been available since 1991.
Speweik: Who is authorized to use it?
McCroskey: The Guide is to be used by the Military Departments (Army, Navy, Air Force, etc.), the Defense Agencies and the DoD Field Activities for planning, design, construction, sustainment, restoration and modernization of facilities, regardless of funding source. But anyone can use the guide to adapt to a particular masonry project.
Speweik: What government agency owns it?
McCroskey: The Architectural Discipline Working Group are the owners of the Section; Scott Wick is the Corps representative of that group.
Speweik: What is your position with the USACE and what specific responsibilities do you have regarding historic preservation?
McCroskey: I manage the Technical Center of Expertise for the Preservation of Historic Structures and Buildings, a program of nationwide service. The program provides technical assistance and preservation planning for Corps Districts, DoD, and other federal agencies to ensure facility and property managers apply the best practices to historic structures. We try to set the highest standards of preservation practice through quality project work, training, and by developing technical information.
Speweik: What prompted you to request an update to the Historic Masonry Division Section this past year?
McCroskey: For several years I've had an awareness that the Corps' existing standards and guidance for the treatment of historic masonry has lagged behind newer developments and technological advancements for treating historic brick, stone, and mortar. I receive inquiries from Corps Districts and other agencies asking for specific guidance to address deteriorated stone or brick. Property managers rarely know how to approach these issues from a historic preservation perspective, and often have maintenance and field crews tackle masonry problems. While their intent is good, the methods, materials, and applications are often not appropriate for historic structures, and can lead to further harm and long-term costly repairs. That's why it's essential for us to be able to pass along the most appropriate, state-of-the-industry techniques and standards.
Speweik: What do you believe to be one of the most significant changes to the specification?
McCroskey: There are many improvements, but one of the most important is the depth of information, which is far more educational for the user than the old spec. There is much to be learned from this document. Another key improvement is that materials application is not just described, but preceded by a thoughtful examination of building and masonry conditions. There is extensive information about how to investigate existing conditions so that the best decisions can be made about materials, conditions, and methods.
Speweik: How do you see this change making a positive difference for the quality-level of Historic Preservation Projects in the United States?
McCroskey: I believe the TCX is obligated to provide the best guidance regarding the treatment of historic structures and buildings. By encouraging the use of this guide, the rehabilitation of historic masonry should be performed in a manner that is appropriate, efficient, and prolongs the life of historic materials.
Speweik: How do you envision the revised specification affecting the work you do at the USACE?
McCroskey: The spec will be the only guidance we provide to customers, or when advising others on the best standards for masonry. Since this spec now surpasses all other historic masonry guidance, we now consider this document the "gold standard." Of course, there are sub categories of masonry, such as terra cotta and concrete, which may require other technical information. But where brick, stone, and mortar are concerned, this is our "go to" standard.
Speweik: Did you consider the possible additional costs to Historic Preservation Projects as a result of some of the changes? And, if so, do you believe the additional cost is a significant percentage of overall project costs?
McCroskey: When good preservation practices are used, the life and performance of historic materials is extended. When improper practices are applied, greater costs can be incurred when the wrong treatment or method causes damage that requires repair. Taking short cuts by using commercial products that are not suited to historic stone or brick, or using techniques that are not consistent with historic methods can cost more long-term, and rarely satisfy the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation and treatment of historic structures that all federal agencies must follow.
Speweik: How do architects, owners, consultants and contractors find out more about this important specification document?
McCroskey: The guide is now available on-line at the TCX web page: _URL_
For additional information or clarification regarding the spec's application, your readers may contact me at:
Technical Center of Expertise
Preservation of Historic Structures & Buildings
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Welcome 2013!…. Here we are a new year. Again, we enter the next twelve months wondering, wishing, hoping, dreaming, and encouraged by the possibilities of making a difference in the world with our professional experience in the preservation of important historic architecture. We each bring to the table a skill set that can, and will, make a difference – if, or course, we are given the chance and awarded the projects we seek to secure in the new year.
Many of you may not know about my background and experience in masonry preservation – so I will provide you with just a brief overview of how I ended up where I am today with the title of: "Historic Masonry Preservation Specialist". I grew up in the masonry construction business working for my father, uncles, and grandfather in a family owned business located in Toledo, Ohio. This opportunity to be birthed into a family of working brick and stonemasons was not by choice but to keep me out of trouble in my teenage years. And yes, it did work. There is something about carrying brick and stone, building scaffolding, mixing mortar, and cleaning out the toolbox that keeps one honest. I think I was just to tired after working all day to have the energy to get into trouble as I learned the trade of masonry construction is most demanding on the body.
As it turns out I developed a lower back injury that kept me from working in the trade actively – so I decided to go back to school and study architecture. It was in college that I began to appreciate the art of design and the process of construction as it related to historic and traditional masonry architecture. If I could no longer lift and set the stone – I could learn about how to preserve its original condition – and more importantly to do this in the means and methods of the original builders. This meant I needed to be willing to learn about traditional masonry construction tools, methods and materials. It also meant I needed to find other masons that understood these aspects of my new desire. The year was 1990 – 23 years ago. I researched my own family of origin in the masonry trade which dates back to 1870 in Posen, Prussia. So I was the 5th generation in my family to be involved in the masonry business. The problem; however, was that the oldest living relative that would had known about traditional masonry construction methods, workmanship, and materials was my great grandfather and he died in 1951. My grandfather died in 1979; my father in 1985.
As luck would have it I secured a job at a lime manufacturing company in 1991. It was during my employment I discovered an enthusiasm for historic mortar materials, which of course are based upon lime, and have been for thousands of years. Working with several conservators, architects, and a masonry contractor based in Toronto, Canada I began offering lime putty for use as a binder (without Portland cement) combined with sand at the jobsite. It was not long after; however, that I realized the need to train masons on the jobsite to use the Portland-free mix design and assist them in delivering the best quality possible. I traveled to England, Ireland, and Scotland over the next several years to work alongside other masons preserving historic masonry using lime mortars and traditional methods on castles – then brought that information back to the United States to assist in our training efforts here.
We made mistakes; we learned from our mistakes, we improved our methods, tools, equipment and materials. We did not give up. Encouraged from the masons that went before us – we completed one project after another across the United States monitoring our progress as we went along. Writing, speaking and communicating with industry professionals we stayed focused. I wish to gratefully thank the pioneers in the m


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4 x 2 3/4 inches (10.2 x 7 cm)
The MFAH, The Rienzi Collection, bequest of Caroline A. Ross
An inscription on a slip of paper found behind J. T. Mitchell's sweet portrait of two young children identifies the sitters as the twins Elizabeth Mary and Augustus William Hillary.
As was typical for the time, the twins are depicted wearing almost identical clothing--long muslin dresses with blue ribbon sashes. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, both boys and girls wore skirts until male children were "breeched," or given trousers to wear, at some point between the ages of 4 and 6. The artist has taken care to distinguish their genders: Elizabeth, her head covered by a lace bonnet, cradles a fluffy lapdog in her arms while Augustus gathers his sister in a protective embrace. The miniature's excellent state preserves the original coloration of the children's rosy cheeks and dramatic blue background.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Article by Katie DeFord, Rick Hansen, and Jeremy Klockars
You can now access the Red Book Online from the American Academy of Pediatrics on your Apple and Android smartphones and tablets. This important resource provides guidance on manifestations, etiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of 200+ childhood conditions.
- Complete Text of Online & Print Editions
- Influenza Resource Page
- Special Vaccine Shortage Updates
- Current Immunization Schedules
- News & Alerts Regarding Infectious Diseases
Search categories then toggle between text and images for full context:
To download, simply follow these instructions:
NOTE: You have to be on the College or DHMC network, or VPN or Secure Access (if offsite). Once there, you can sign up for an individual account, which then lets you use the app from offsite.
- From the Biomedical Libraries web page, Go to eBooks, scroll down to Titles by Subject. Under Infectious Disease, select Red Book Online.
- Click on "Sign-In via User Name/Password" (fine print) located on the top-left (under the red banner) and just to the right of "Institution: Dartmouth College Library."
- Click the link "Sign In for Individuals."
- For New Customers, select "New Customer Registration."
- Type in your email.
- Create an Individual account.
- Fill out the registration form and click "Continue."
- You will get an email shortly after registering. It will give you your AAP ID. Use your AAP ID and the password you created to login to the AAP web site in the future.
- From the App Store on your Apple device, or from Google Play on your Android device, you can download the Red Book app and login with the above information.
The system will ask you to access the site within your organization's site license at least once during a 120-day span to validate that you are still eligible. A reminder will appear when you log in if you haven't accessed within 120 days.
Please send questions or comments to:

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Our world is full of unsightly views: construction sites that mar our streets, condos that block our view of the skyline, an inconveniently positioned air conditioner. We've resigned ourselves to these things, but there might be a solution on the way thanks to a new project from MIT that's exploring how to banish eyesores with custom camouflage.
MIT's big idea is to create printable camouflage coverings using algorithms. These algorithms pull in environmental data via photographs and construct an image that best blends an object in with its surroundings. Think of it as an invisibility cloak for the stuff you don't want to see.
The problem with camouflaging objects is that while they remain stationary, we humans are seeing them from various angles.
It sounds easy enough—just slap a brick covering on the utility box outside your apartment building and call it good—but it's much more complicated than that. Inanimate objects don't have the luxury of blending like a cuttlefish; it takes a totally new way of thinking about computer vision to hide an object in plain sight.
For so long, the computer vision field has been laser focused on teaching computers how to see things. MIT's algorithm does the exact opposite. "Often these algorithms work by searching for specific cues—for example they might look for the contours of the object or for distinctive textures," explains Andrew Owens, an MIT graduate student in electrical engineering and computer science who authored the paper. "With camouflage, you want to avoid these cues; you don't want the object's contours to be visible or for its texture to be very distinctive."
The problem with camouflaging objects is that while they remain stationary, we humans are seeing them from various angles. Maybe you're looking at the utility box head-on, but the person next to you will be seeing it from a slightly different angle. Accounting for these different vantage points is a complex problem for an algorithm to solve. "If you knew exactly where the viewer would be standing then the problem would be solved," says Owens.
MIT's algorithm begins by taking eight to 20 photographs from different angles around the object it wants to hide. Once it has this data, the algorithms go to work, finding ways to blend the object into its surroundings from each viewpoint. It's nearly impossible to match the background from every vantage point; what works from one will make the camouflaged object look totally obvious from another.
This meant the algorithm needed to make tradeoffs on considerations like: How well does an object's border blend into its background? How distorted is the object's texture? Can you reduce the seams from as many camera angles as possible to minimize those visual transitions? You can't win on every account, says Bill Freeman, a professor of computer science and one of Owens' thesis advisors. "We're trying to explore computationally what the different tradeoffs are."
In a real-world example, Owens' team wrapped a camouflage covering of a bookshelf around a cube. From most angles the cube blends in nicely, but every so often you catch a glimpse of a book spine split in a 90-degree angle. It's the type of thing you'd casually stroll by without giving a second thought, but once you notice it, it becomes obvious. Visual glitches like these are inevitable, but it's MIT's goal to produce an algorithm that has as few as possible. As Freeman puts it: "You have this 3-D mass you want to put down somewhere and paint it to look like there isn't a big blob there. That's hard to do."Go Back to Top. Skip To: Start of Article.


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- Mission Statement:
- History of Hekima Girls' School:
In the 1960, Kamukukubwa was nationalized like most missionary schools at that time. Later it was handed to the Regional Co-operative Union who started a co-educational
private secondary school.
In 1988, the school was handed back to the Theresian Sisters and Hekima was formally established, as the first ever all-girls private secondary school in the region.
Hekima is a boarding school located in the small village of Kashozi, 12 km north of Bukoba town, in the Kagera Region of Tanzania.
- Identity Statement:
The Theresian Sisters recognized the potential of reclaiming the school with the purpose of providing a quality education, as per their mission statement.
Although the Theresian Sisters founded Hekima, it is not religiously biased. Students and teachers from all regions are accommodated and given equal academic and religious opportunities.


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Although Spiller's operation of anterolateral chordotomy has been often performed since 1911 for the control of intractable pain, it may still be said to be a much neglected procedure, the great scope of which has not been recognized by the medical profession.
Historically, Van Gehuchten in 1893 first expressed the definite opinion that fibers conveying pain and temperature sensation passed up the cord in Gowers' tract, although Gowers himself had suggested this in 1879.
No actual proof was afforded until Spiller's1 fortunate observation of a patient at the Philadelphia General Hospital in August, 1904. This patient showed an almost complete loss of the sense of pain and temperature in the legs, with preservation of tactile sensibility. He was under observation for some months and died in January, 1905. The necropsy revealed a solitary tubercle involving the right tract of Gowers at the extreme lower end of the thoracic cord


Clio Logo
The F-86d Sabre was one of the most fearsome weapons in the American Air Force during the Korean War. With a maximum speed of over 700 MPH and a ceiling of nearly 50,000, it could easily target, engage, and destroy slower, lower flying enemy aircraft. This F-86d was likely stationed at Tucson's Davis-Monthan Air Force Base. It has been on display in Downtown Chandler since 1957 as a symbol of the close relationship between Williams Air Force Base (closed 1993) and the city.
 - F-86d in Chandler, c. 1990
 - F-86d in Chandler, c. 1965
The history of Chandler was forever changed in 1941 when the United States Army Air Corps opened a training base just eight miles east of town. Construction on the base started in July 1941, and it was ready to open by December of that year. Soon after the base was opened the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor and the United States entered World War II. The number of base personnel exploded as the demand for pilots grew exponentially. The base went through various names, including Mesa Military Airport and Higley Field before it was officially dedicated as Williams Field in February 1942. It was named for 1st Lt. Charles Linton Williams, an Arizona native who died in 1927 when his aircraft crashed near Fort DeRussy in Hawaii.
Willie, as the base was affectionately called, sat on land that is now part of Mesa. But when it opened, and all throughout its history, it was always tied closely to Chandler. This was most likely because Chandler was the closest town of a substantial size. Higley and Gilbert were little more than crossroads, and Mesa was several miles north and west of the base. Printed material produced at the base read "Williams Air Force Base, Chandler, Arizona." Officers found housing for their wives in Chandler, and the base did all of its banking and payroll through the Valley National Bank branch in Downtown Chandler.
During World War II, Willie was under command of the 89th Army Air Force West Coast Training Center. Initially, its mission was to train Army Air Corps pilots. As the war raged on, however, bombardier training in B-17 Flying Fortresses was added to the mission as the open desert provided ample land for training missions. Over the course of the war, more than 10,000 pilots went through training at Willie, including Jimmy Stewart.
Whereas many of the training facilities that sprung up during the war closed after 1945, Willie remained open, and was converted to a jet training school. The mission shifted to teaching gunnery, bombing, and rocketry skills, as well as training jet fighter pilots. Pilots learned to fly F-80 Shooting Stars, the United States Air Force's first fighter jet. An aerial acrobatics team known as the Acrojets was stationed at Willie to show off the capabilities of these new technological wonders and to recruit new pilots.
The base had an immense impact on Chandler. Enlisted men spent their free time and money in Chandler. The USO opened a facility in Downtown to cater to the needs of the personnel at the base. As the war progressed and Willie grew, however, it became clear that the tiny USO would not be enough. Local theater owners Joe and Alice Woods had a booming business at their Rowena Theater in Downtown. However, as demand for entertainment grew, they applied for, and were granted, a special permit to use scarce construction materials to open a second theater for the enlisted men, which was known as the Parkway Theater. Countless residents opened spare rooms and rented outbuildings to officers' wives and families. Many veterans returned to Chandler to live after their discharge from the service. Over the years, thousands of civilians from Chandler were employed at Willie, doing everything from painting aircraft to operating the base phone system and everything in between.
The base remained an important training facility for the Air Force until 1993, when it was closed on August 30. Two boy scouts who had been on hand to raise the flag over the base for the first time in 1941 were there to lower the flag for the last time. Since then, the base has been converted to Phoenix-Mesa Gateway Airport, and is the home to ASU Polytechnic and CGCC-Williams Campus.
"Williams Air Force Base,"
Image Sources(Click to expand)


Journal of Applied Physiology
Relationship of skin surface area to body mass in the immature rat: a reexamination
D. E. Spiers, V. Candas
Skin surface area (Ab) was measured in the rat beginning at birth mass and extending over a range of body mass (m) from 5.0 to 49.3 g. Area of each animal was determined using an elastic impression material. The best-fit relationship between Ab and m over the entire range of mass was Ab = 6.88m0.736. Results suggest, however, that the standard mass exponent of two-thirds, for estimating Ab of adult animals, could also be used for immature animals weighing 14 g or more. In rats weighing less than 14 g, the mass coefficient of the Meeh-Rubner equation varies with m, indicating that the two-thirds exponent is inappropriate for use with very young animals.


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To 'acknowledge' means to recognise the importance or quality of something. This concept and its application in Australia has been imperative to the slow repair of disparities that exists between First Nations People and non-Indigenous Australians. By acknowledging Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and in turn, giving them the opportunity to welcome us to Country, we promote an awareness of the history and culture of Indigenous people, as well as contribute to mending a long history of dispossession and colonisation. Further to this, by incorporating welcoming and acknowledgment into official meetings and events, we recognise First Nation Peoples as the First Australians and Traditional Custodians of this land.
The difference between an Acknowledgment of Country and Welcome to Country is not often well understood. In light of this, today we seek to explain their meanings, tradition and importance.
"An Acknowledgement of Country is an opportunity for anyone to show respect for Traditional Owners and the continuing connection of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples to Country. It can be given by both non-Indigenous people and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people."
There is no set script for an Acknowledgment of Country. Personalising and localising an acknowledgment is encouraged as it helps to make it as meaningful as possible. An example of an Acknowledgment would read:
"A Welcome to Country occurs at the beginning of a formal event and can take many forms including singing, dancing, smoking ceremonies or a speech in traditional language or English. A Welcome to Country is delivered by Traditional Owners, or Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people who have been given permission from Traditional Owners, to welcome visitors to their Country."


SWI Inquiry: Spelling "Hear" vs "Heard"
My friend, Q., had a question, "Why is "heard" spelled that way?" Hmm. I don't know why! What an interesting question, Q.!!! What we do know is that "heard" is the past of "hear" and we know that it is not spelled hear + ed-> *heared.
What is the reasoning behind the spelling of ?
First, let's look at both words:
We note that although appears in both words, there is a stem vowel shift as we say the words aloud: "hear"/"heard" although they both contain the letter strings ; the words are pronounced differently.
Might this signal that these words come from Old English? I know from my class with Rebecca Loveless that there are Old English-derived strong (showing an action or state of being or feeling) verbs that mark the past tense with a stem vowel shift, such as "eat/ate"; "run/ran"; "sing/sang" and ""grow/grew."
I notice that, unlike the words above, "hear" and "heard" have a vowel shift but not a letter string or grapheme shift. Hmmm. There is another example of am Old English-derived strong verb that has a vowel sound shift without a letter string or grapheme shift:
Present tense: "read"/Past tense: "read"
So, I ponder what, if anything does the "hear/heard" and "read/read" pairings have in common? They are all homophones: read/reed; read/red; hear/here; heard/herd. So, it would have been important for the scribes long ago to follow the homophone principle: "where possible, words that are pronounced the same, but are unrelated, will have different spellings to mark the differences in meaning."
So, it would have been important to have graphemes in that would signal the meaningful connection to while differentiating from .
Now, with those thoughts in mind, I will investigate and using the 4 questions of Structured Word Inquiry (Bowers & Kirby, 2010) to determine if any other new understandings come to light:
So, after considering all my current understandings, my answer to Q.'s question, "Why is "heard" spelled that way?", my hypothesis is that , as an Old English-derived strong verb, is spelled that way in order to show the meaningful connection to while differentiating from . I will continue to refine my hypothesis as I learn. Thank you, Q., for a very thought-provoking question!
Update: I wasn't feeling confident about my analysis about why is spelled that way so I continued to do research. I came across Dr. Peter Bowers' wonderful exploration of and here. His analysis taught me something new: <-d> is a non-productive suffix ( a suffix that is not currently being used to generate new words). In his etymological investigation, was historically replaced by and he is aware of the OE suffix -th (-th, according to Gina Cooke, is a verbal inflection that has been replaced by the <-s> in says. It has an <-eth> variant, like in ) so
saith-> sai + th
If is an earlier version of and <-d> is an earlier, now non-productive, suffix then
sai + d-> said
Dr. Bowers concludes, "our word sum analysis gives us evidence that and do NOT share a base, but the etymological evidence shows that they derived from the same Old English root secgan. "
That makes me update my hypothesis that is spelled that way as a result of + the now unproductive -d suffix hence
hear + d->heard
Based on my updated hypothesis and my current understanding, our word sum analysis gives us evidence that and do NOT share a base, but the etymological evidence shows that they derived from the same Old English root heran.
Thank you, Dr. Bowers, for your illuminative analysis of and for all your scholarship related to spelling and Structured Word Inquiry.
Note from Real Spellers Toolkit (Theme 2D):
 - We know that the homophones < hear > and < here > have different meanings because they are spelled differently. The one that is to do with listening shares a spelling with < ear > because that's what we listen with.
The other word is the one to do with place: < here >. It shares a spelling with the other words that are clearly about place: < there > and < where >, even though the pronunciation is different.
Peter Bowers, Structured Word Inquiry
Rebecca Loveless
Etymology Online
The Noun Project
Neil Ramsden's Mini-Matrix Maker
Real Spellers Forum and Toolbox
Gina Cooke and Lex Exchange
Oxford Dictionary
Embedding "Structured Word Inquiry" Within a Reading Lesson
After a text has been presented and discussed, ask students to select a word that interests them from a text. Guide students through the following 4 questions using the Structured Word Inquiry (Bowers & Kirby, 2010) Framework. (Note: This does not have to be explored during one sitting.)
 1. Meaning?
 2. Relatives? (Etymology)
 3. Structure? (Morphology)
 4. Pronunciation? (Grapheme/Phoneme Correspondence)
Sample Text:
"Sorry, But It Was Beautiful" by Andrew Vecchione (6th Grade Student of Kenneth Koch)
This is just to say
Sorry I took your money
And burned it.
But it looked like the world falling apart
When it crackled and burned.
So I think it was worth it.
After all
You can't see the world fall apart every day.
See the following SWI Thinksheet for a guided exploration of the student-selected word, "crackle":
SWI ThinkSheet:
One of the notable understandings for this investigation is that the suffix <-le>" is represented by the graphememarker and the phonemes /ə/ and /l/.
After the exploration, ask students for their lingering questions or provide extension activities for further study. In this case, an exploration of the -le suffix in the Oxford Dictionary showed that one meaning of this suffix is "a repetitive action." As one collects words with the -le suffix, it was noted that many of those words refer to repetitive sounds. This resulted in a sort of the words with an -le suffix (or ending, as we determined some of the words had as part of the base, not as part of the suffix) into two groups: -le words that referred to repetitive sounds and those that did not.
As a result of this investigation, there was heightened understanding of the -le suffix and future investigations to explore the -le suffix in English as it seems to have evolved (Latin -el?) or be connected to the -el suffix.
From Etymology Online, entry for -el:
-el (3)
derivational suffix, also -le, used mostly with verbs but originally also with nouns, "often denoting diminutive, repetitive, or intensive actions or events" [The Middle English Compendium], from Old English. Compare brastlian alongside berstan (see burst); nestlian (see nestle) alongside nistan). It is likely also in wrestletrampledragglestruggletwinkle, also noddle "to make frequent nods" (1733). New formations in Middle English might be native formations (jostle from joust) with this or borrowings from Dutch.
I am wondering, for example, if a word sum for (from the Middle Dutch praten, "to chatter") which would be expected to be prattle-> prat+le-> *pratle except that is not correct. The "Etymology Online" site notes in the entry for -el that in Modern English the -el suffix is represented by -el. Note that prat(t)+el->*prattel would explain the doubling but is not the correct spelling. At this point I will just consider a base based on my current understanding but I will research the -el/-le connection. (As I feel the pronunciation of the -le suffix, I realize that the first phoneme I hear is the schwa, which is a vowel. Is there any doubling rule that takes into account a suffix that starts with a vowel sound even though the suffix does not start with a vowel?) (Update: After examining the etymology of the words below here, I became aware of a class of verbs called frequentatives with in English marks its verbs with an -le or -er ending and refers to words that show some sort of small or intense repeated action. Read here and here and here. My latest understanding says that for a verb to be frequentative, it must be derived from another word with the addition of the suffix. That doesn't explain why a word like which is most likely frequentative and arising from does not follow the rules for


Benefactress in a Sentence 🔊
Definition of Benefactress
who gives money or other help to a person or cause
Examples of Benefactress in a sentence
Many celebrities donated small amounts to the charitable organization, but Oprah and one other benefactress gave over a million dollars each. 🔊
Although the benefactress asked to be kept anonymous, most people knew that wealthy heiress was responsible for the building of the hospital. 🔊
A banquet will be held to honor the mayor's wife, a caring benefactress, who always gives large sums of money to the local food drive. 🔊
Other words in the Generous category:
Most Searched Words (with Video)


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Most Active Stories
Shots - Health Blog
Mon September 24, 2012
South African Children's Hospital Closed Under Apartheid To Reopen
Originally published on Tue September 25, 2012 9:08 am
A large children's hospital in Durban, South Africa, is being rebuilt two decades after it closed owing to apartheid. It opened in 1931 as a facility for all races, but racial tensions in the 1980s forced its closure.
Now with Durban and the surrounding province of KwaZulu-Natal extremely hard hit by AIDS and tuberculosis, local leaders are hopeful they can begin reopening the hospital early in 2013.
If the rehabilitation project is successful, it could restore one woman's dream from almost a century ago of having a multiracial hospital in Durban by the sea.
While child mortality rates almost everywhere else in the world have been falling, this part of South Africa has seen the rate rise. At some maternity clinics in the region, 50 percent of pregnant women are testing positive for HIV.
"HIV contributes to almost 50 to 60 percent of deaths in children under the age of 5 [in South Africa]," Mohern Archary, a pediatrician at the King Edward VIII Hospital in Durban, says.
This is why Arthi Ramkissoon, a public health director at the University of the Witwatersrand, is pushing to restore the boarded-up Children's Hospital in Durban.
"Children are a neglected part of the health system," she says, and a hospital dedicated exclusively to the needs of kids could help reduce the province's rising infant mortality.
The Durban Children's Hospital was the first facility in all of Africa dedicated exclusively to kids. It was built in 1928 by then-Durban Mayor Mary Siedle, who wanted to take a child of color for medical treatment but could not find a place.
The hospital had a mandate to serve kids of all races, but it sat on a prime, beachfront lot in a white neighborhood. Amid rising tension about the hospital attracting nonwhites into a white neighborhood, the apartheid regime shut it down in the 1980s.
Now the hospital's seven buildings have fallen into deep disrepair. Windows are shattered. Roofs have collapsed, and pigeons have taken up residence in the gutters.
Ramkissoon, who works with KwaZulu-Natal Children's Hospital Trust, is still trying to raise money to restore six of the seven buildings on the 3 1/2-acre site. The first building to be rebuilt is expected to open early in 2013. It will house a center for HIV-positive teenagers.
The focus of the new children's hospital, she says, will be broader than just HIV. There will be general pediatric medicine, psychological services and inpatient wards.
Ramkissoon hopes to take full advantage of the facility's prime location next to the Indian Ocean. "My vision is for children to have physical therapy on the beach," she says. "I'd like the wheelchairs and beds to be wheeled out there. I'm going to try to have a ramp or something out to the sand."
STEVE INSKEEP, HOST:
Let's go next to South Africa, to the city of Durban, where efforts are underway to rebuild a historic children's hospital that was shut down in the later days of white minority rule in South Africa. This hospital originally opened in 1931 with a mandate to serve children of all races, but it was hard to keep it open during apartheid times because of its location. It was sitting on a prime beachfront lot in a white neighborhood. Now, with local hospitals strained by the AIDS epidemic, city leaders are trying to reopen the children's facility. NPR's Jason Beaubien reports.
JASON BEAUBIEN, BYLINE: The Durban Children's Hospital was designed in the 1920s with stately porches and huge windows facing the Indian Ocean. But now the porches are crumbling, the glass is shattered, and red clay tiles of the roof have slipped out of place or fallen away completely.
ARTHI RAMKISSOON: And down here you can see original stained glass from the 1920s, which was put in at child height.
BEAUBIEN: Arthi Ramkissoon with the KwaZulu Natal Children's Hospital Trust is one of the people pushing to restore this institution to its former glory.
RAMKISSOON: There's one more here which is a bit damaged. We'll have to fix that.
BEAUBIEN: This project is more than just the restoration of a cool old building. It's a project entwined with apartheid, the historical inequities of South Africa, and AIDS.
RAMKISSOON: This was formerly known as the Addington Children's Hospital, built in 1928 by a woman who wanted to take a child of color for medical treatment and could not find a place.
BEAUBIEN: That woman was Mary Siedle, a white philanthropist from a prominent mercantile family. In the 1980s, amidst rising tension over the hospital attracting non-whites in to a white neighborhood, the apartheid regime shut down the Durban Children's Hospital. If the rehabilitation project is successful, it could restore one woman's dream from almost a century ago of having a multi-racial hospital in Durban by the sea.
Now, as South Africa grapples with AIDS instead of apartheid, this province has the highest rate of HIV in the country. At some maternity clinics in KwaZulu Natal, nearly half the women are HIV positive. AIDS has put significant new strains on the public health care system in South Africa and Ramkissoon says the medical needs of young people have often been pushed to the back burner.
RAMKISSOON: We have a population who almost half of which are under 24 years of age. We also have an increasing under five mortality. So together with the burden of HIV, children are a neglected part of the health system.
BEAUBIEN: On the other side of town, Dr. Mohern Archary a pediatric infectious disease specialist at the King Edward the Eighth Hospital, says HIV is also affecting kids directly.
DR. MOHERN ARCHARY: HIV contributes to almost 50 to 60 percent of deaths in children under the age of five.
BEAUBIEN: That's across all of South Africa, and he says the problem is even worse here in KwaZulu Natal. The new provincially-run hospital won't focus exclusively on HIV, but also offer general medicine as well as psychological and social services for children. That's the goal, anyway. Arthi Ramkissoon is still trying to raise money to restore the other six buildings on the three-and-a-half-acre site.
(SOUNDBITE OF CONSTRUCTION WORK)
BEAUBIEN: Amidst the bustle of construction workers working in one corner of the compound, Ramkissoon says she can already picture the finished ocean front hospital.
RAMKISSOON: We are going to have rehabilitation here as well as everything else, and my vision is for children to have their physiotherapy and other therapy on the beach. I would like the wheelchairs and the beds to be wheeled out there, so I'm going to try and have some sort of ramp or other access to the sand.
BEAUBIEN: The first building on the complex is scheduled to re-open early next year. It will house a center for HIV positive teenagers who've been on AIDS treatment since birth. Jason Beaubien, NPR News. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright National Public Radio.


Kalman filter
Motion of high frequency and relatively low amplitude do not need to be compensated by the DP systems. Such motion is the result of first order wave loads. In order to remove those wave frequency components from the position and heading measurements and estimated velocities, we use Kalman filter. The signal is filtered and then passed to the controller.
Having the DP system trying to compensate those wave-frequency motions would result to unnecessarilly high power compasation and potential wear of accuators.
[Figure of filtered and unfilltered signal]


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The mission established by Moses Merrill about three miles west of here was an early attempt to make Christianity a part of the daily lives of the Oto and Missouri Indians.
Merrill reached Bellevue in 1833 and visited the Oto village in present Saunders County. In September, 1835 the Merrill family, in the service of the Baptist Missionary Union, were located in a log cabin and school house the government provided on the Platte. Led by Chief Itan, part of the Oto and Missouri built a village near the Mission. As the Mission developed, Merrill prepared a spelling book, a reader, and hymnals in Oto language. More buildings were erected and a blacksmith and farmer were added to the staff.
The Oto were plagued by diminishing game supplies and demoralized by liquor. On April 28, 1837, Itan was killed in an Indian feud, and his successor was unable to maintain the village at the Mission.
Merrill died on February 6, 1840, and was buried at St. Mary, on the east bank of the Missouri opposite Bellevue. Today a stone fireplace and chimney remain at the mission site.
Sarpy County Historical Society
Historical Land Mark Council
US 73 and 75 south of Bellevue (west side)


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Helping students gain understanding and self-confidence in algebra.
descartes123 wrote:prove that the triangle with its summits P(-2,-1), Q(6,1) and R(3,4) is right-angle.
descartes123 wrote:The thing is that in this case we have to use a formula, describing a distance between to points.
let's say if we have two points M1(x1,y1) and M2(x2,y2). and you have to use a distance formula.


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Sort your items using the Automatic Chest Sorter.
The Atlas chest sorting system works using storage minecarts and is able to move entire inventories instantly.
The storage cart can be put into one of three modes by having the cart pass over a powered activator rail with a wool block under it.
The color of the wool will change the mode of the minecart.
- Red Wool = Chest to Cart mode - Take items out of chests and put them into the minecart. (Note: currently to reduce abuse, the chest MUST be named "Input")
- Blue Wool = Cart to Chest mode - Take items out of the cart and put them into the chests.
- White Wool = Disabled mode - Returns the cart back to vanilla bahavior.
There are other settings that you can use:
- Green Wool = Leave one of each item type behind.
- Orange Wool = Don't leave any items behind.
- Yellow Wool = Leave one of each stack behind. (not implemented yet)
- Magenta Wool = Only transfer if the target already contains the same type of item.
- Brown Wool = Transfer regardless of what is in the target.
- Pink Wool = Top up existing stacks in the target. (not implemented yet)
Once you have configured the cart using the wool blocks, when the cart passes over a powered activator rail it will scan for nearby chests (2 blocks up, 2 blocks down, 1 block east, west, north, & south) and will put or take items as you have configured it.
Right click the minecart to view the current config.
It is possible (and recommened) to have a single cart in your base that performs all sorting activity,
== NEW FEATURES - NOT YET ON SERVER ==
Activator rail on Black Wool - Will search for a sign attached to the back wool block, and perform one of the following actions:
- "SetName" will rename the cart to the name specified on the second line of text on the sign.
Detector rail on Black Wool - Will search for a sign attacked to the wool block, and perform one of the following actions:
- "NameEquals" - Will activate if the carts name matches the one on the second line of the sign
- "NameContains" - Will activate if the carts name contains the text on the second line of the sign
- "NameStartsWith" - Will activate if the carts name starts with the text on the second line of the sign
- "NameEndsWith" - Will activate if the carts name ends with the text on the second line of the sign
- "CartType" - Will activate for the cart types on the second line of the sign: "Rideable", "Storage", "Explosive", "Hopper", "Spawner", "Powered"
- "HasPassenger" - Will activate if the cart has a passenger
Adding the word "not" to the thrid line on the sign will cause the output to be the opposite of what it would be normally.
Avoid having multiple signs near the wool block as it may get confused.
Activator rail on a hopper will cause minecarts to be 'killed' and deposited into the hopper.


Administrator Job Description
Mission Statement
Role and responsibilities
 1. The Administrator is responsible to the Director and Board.
 2. To ensure all financial, filing and correspondence systems are in place and running efficiently.
Specific Tasks
 1. Update mailing lists to supporters and community agencies;
 2. Pursue funding agencies and complete funding applications as necessary;
 3. Maintain correspondence with supporter and community contacts;
 4. Prepare income and expenditure details for accountant;
 5. Respond to requests for information and general correspondence and necessary duties to run an efficient office;
 6. Ensure all money received is recorded, receipts are issued and banked in the appropriate account;
 7. Collect all mail and process all mail enquiries;
 8. Process all reception and telephone enquiries and messages.


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Theoretical Economics 7 (2012), 283–322
Contract, renegotiation, and hold up: Results on the technology of trade and investment
Kristy Buzard, Joel Watson
This paper examines a class of contractual relationships with specific investment, a non-durable trading opportunity, and renegotiation. Trade actions are modeled as individual and trade-action-based option contracts ("non-forcing contracts") are explored. The paper introduces the distinction between divided and unified investment and trade actions, and it shows the key role this distinction plays in determining whether efficient investment and trade can be achieved. Under a non-forcing dual-option contract, the party without the trade action is made residual claimant with regard to the investment action, which induces efficient investment in the divided case. The unified case is more problematic; here, efficiency is typically not attainable but the dual-option contract is still optimal in a wide class of settings. More generally, the paper shows that, with ex post renegotiation, constraining parties to use "forcing contracts" implies a strict reduction in the set of implementable value functions.
Keywords: Contract, renegotiation, hold up, forcing contracts, non-forcing contracts, specific investment, technology of trade, mechanism design
JEL classification: C70, D23
Full Text: PRINT VIEW


text: AbstractData from neuroscience and psychology suggest that sensorimotor cognition may be of central importance to language. Specifically, the linguistic structure of utterances referring to concrete actions may reflect the structure of the sensorimotor processing underlying the same action. To investigate this, we present the Linguistic, Kinematic and Gaze information in task descriptions Corpus (LKG-Corpus), comprising multimodal data on 13 humans, conducting take, put, and push actions, and describing these actions with 350 utterances. Recorded are audio, video, motion and eye-tracking data while participants perform an action and describe what they do. The dataset is annotated with orthographic transcriptions of utterances and information on: (a) gaze behaviours, (b) when a participant touched an object, (c) when an object was moved, (d) when a participant looked at the location s/he would next move the object to, (e) when the participant's gaze was stable on an area. With the exception of the annotation of stable gaze, all annotations were performed manually. With the LKG-Corpus, we present a dataset that integrates linguistic, kinematic and gaze data with an explicit focus on relations between action and language. On this basis, we outline applications of the dataset to both basic and applied research.


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Honor,Courage & Commitment
Worn with pride and respectHONOR guides Marines to exemplify the ultimate in ethical and moral behavior as detailed in the following list:Obey the lawLead by exampleRespect yourself and othersMaintain a high standard of integritySupport and defend the constitutionUphold special trust and confidencePlace faith and honor above all elseHonor fellow Marines, the Corps, Country, and Family.The qualities of maturity, dedication, trust and dependability commit Marines to act responsibly; to be accountable for their actions; and to fulfill their obligations.COURAGE is the mental, moral and physical strength ingrained in Marines. Courage is the ability to do the right thing, in the right way, for the right reasons. It carries Marines through the challenges of combat and aids them in overcoming fear. It is the inner strength that enables a Marine to do what is right; to adhere to a higher standard of personal conduct; to lead by example; and to make tough decisions under stress and pressure.COMMITMENT is the spirit of determination and dedication found in Marines. It leads to the highest order of discipline for individuals and units. It is the ingredient that enables 24-hour-a-day dedication to the Corps and country. It inspires the unrelenting determination to achieve a standard of excellence in every endeavor.


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You should convert to moles of all your compounds, for example
(.050 L HC3H5O2) x (.1 M), and repeat for KOH depending on how much
has been titrated (Don't forget to convert to Liters).
Next, using your mole values, find build an ICE table using the
balanced chemical equation and your Ka value, solve for moles of
each compound at equilibrium.
After you've found moles of each compound, divide that number by
TOTAL liters used. So, for example if you've titrated with 10 mL of
KOH, you would do (mol/.010 L) to find the new concentration.
Once you've found the new concentration, you can use the henderson
hasselbach equation to find the pH. it is : pH=pKa +
Make sure each time you have a titration, you make a new ICE table,
because you're concentrations will change, and therefore your pH
will change as well.


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What are congenital hand differences?
Babies born with hands that are different than the normal hand have a congenital hand difference.
What causes congenital hand differences?
The upper limb is formed between four and eight weeks after the sperm and egg unite to form an embryo. The embryo develops an arm bud at four weeks. The tip of the arm bud sends messages to each cell as the upper limb forms. Millions of steps are followed to form a normal arm. Failure of any of these steps to occur can result in a congenital hand difference. Research continues into further understanding of this embryonic process. Some congenital hand differences may occur due to a genetic cause. Many congenital hand differences just occur without an apparent cause.
What are different types of congenital hand differences?
One in twenty children is born with some difference from normal, either major or minor. The different groups of congenital hand differences include missing parts of the arm (failure of formation), webbed or fused parts of the hand (failures of separation), extra parts present in the hand (duplication), undergrowth or overgrowth of parts of the hand, or constriction band syndrome.
What are common congenital hand differences?
The most common congenital hand difference in the Caucasian population is webbed fingers (syndactyly - see Figure 1). The most common congenital hand difference in the black population is an extra, sixth digit on the little finger side (post-axial polydactyly - see Figure 2). The most common congenital hand difference in the Asian population is an extra thumb (thumb polydactyly - see Figure 3).
Which congenital hand difference does my child have?
Because there are so many different congenital hand differences, it is important that your child be evaluated by a hand surgery specialist to help determine if any treatment is needed. Some congenital hand differences are associated with genetic disorders or other medical problems. Your hand specialist may request further genetic evaluation by a geneticist, or may request further medical testing by your pediatrician or family physician.
How do parents feel if their child has congenital hand differences?
Immediately after the birth of a child with a a congenital abnormality, the patents may feel shock, anger and guilt. These are normal emotions. All the dreams of a perfect baby did not take place. Each family member must cope with their feelings. Rarely is there anything parents or doctors could have done differently.
Your newborn doesn't realize that he or she is different. The baby has all the normal needs of any newborn. The way the baby has formed is normal for him or her, without pain and without a sense of loss. Talk to your physician about support groups or professional help.
Can congenital hand differences be treated?
All babies born with congenital hand differences should be evaluated by a hand specialist to make an individual assessment of the type. Depending on the type of congenital hand difference, treatment may be recommended. For example, webbed fingers are surgically separated. Extra digits can be surgically removed with reconstruction of the remaining digit if necessary. Hand function can be improved if the functions of thumb pinch or finger grasp is compromised. Some congenital hand differences may need therapy to help improve hand function. In some cases, no intervention is necessary.
Figure 1: Syndactyly between long and ring fingers
Figure 2: Polydactyly, with an extra little finger
Figure 3: Thumb polydactyly, with duplication of the thumb
© 2006 American Society for Surgery of the Hand
Find a Hand Surgeon near you.
a) Helping Hands
c) On the Other Hand
d) Federation for Children With Special Needs
e) Hands To Love
f) Limb Differences


text:
We have a tree in our front pasture that has green type nuts on it. If it is a black walnut then I'm probably going to have problems as this small pasture is our biggest pasture (no horses on it yet but soon)..should it be cut down and then let the pasture sit and get rained on? It might be more than one tree.. I will double check.
I have a walnut tree smack in the middle of one of my pastures. Horses pulled all the bark off, and the tree has gradually died. Not one single dead horse though! The dangerous time is when you get the chainsaw out.
I know a family that has pastured horses in a pasture with several black walnut trees with no ill effects. It would still make me nervous though even though I know the tree itself is not dangerous, just the sawdust from it's wood.
"My biggest fear is that when I die my husband is going to try to sell all my horses and tack for what I told him they cost."
Article more general; Black Walnut Toxicity to Plants, Humans and Horses
Richard C. Funt Jane Martin
The roots of Black Walnut (Juglans nigra L.) and Butternut (Juglans cinerea L.) produce a substance known as juglone (5-hydroxy-alphanapthaquinone). Persian (English or Carpathian) walnut trees are sometimes grafted onto black walnut rootstocks. Many plants such as tomato, potato, blackberry, blueberry, azalea, mountain laurel, rhododendron, red pine and apple may be injured or killed within one to two months of growth within the root zone of these trees. The toxic zone from a mature tree occurs on average in a 50 to 60 foot radius from the trunk, but can be up to 80 feet. The area affected extends outward each year as a tree enlarges. Young trees two to eight feet high can have a root diameter twice the height of the top of the tree, with susceptible plants dead within the root zone and dying at the margins.
Not all plants are sensitive to juglone. Many trees, vines, shrubs, groundcovers, annuals and perennials will grow in close proximity to a walnut tree. Certain cultivars of "resistant" species are reported to do poorly. Black walnut has been recommended for pastures on hillsides in the Ohio Valley and Appalachian mountain regions. Trees hold the soil, prevent erosion and provide shade for cattle. The beneficial effect of black walnut on pastures in encouraging the growth of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) and other grasses appears to be valid as long as there is sufficient sunlight and water.
Gardeners should carefully consider the planting site for black walnut, butternut, or persian walnut seedlings grafted to black walnut rootstock, if other garden or landscape plants are to be grown within the root zone of mature trees. Persian walnut seedlings or trees grafted onto Persian walnut rootstocks do not appear to have a toxic effect on other plants.
Horses may be affected by black walnut chips or sawdust when they are used for bedding material. Close association with walnut trees while pollen is being shed (typically in May) also produce allergic symptoms in both horses and humans. The juglone toxin occurs in the leaves, bark and wood of walnut, but these contain lower concentrations than in the roots. Juglone is poorly soluble in water and does not move very far in the soil. Walnut leaves can be composted because the toxin breaks down when exposed to air, water and bacteria. The toxic effect can be degraded in two to four weeks. In soil, breakdown may take up to two months. Black walnut leaves may be composted separately, and the finished compost tested for toxicity by planting tomato seedlings in it. Sawdust mulch, fresh sawdust or chips from street tree prunings from black walnut are not suggested for plants sensitive to juglone, such as blueberry or other plants that are sensitive to juglone. However, composting of bark for a minimum of six months provides a safe mulch even for plants sensitive to juglone.
I have black walnut trees as well, and was worried about them, just as you are.
That was 10 years ago, all are fine, both horses and trees.
No need to worry, darn things pop up like bad weeds around here.
The squirrels hiding the walnuts in the ground are a bigger problem
There is just as much horse sense as ever, but the horses have most of it.
My neighbor used to pay her kids a dollar for every 5 gallon pail of walnuts they could pick out of the pasture. Made a nice business for the kids. The horses never suffered from the presence (or absence) of the walnuts.
Re your dead walnut tree. Salvageable for wood? friends who have land up north sold off a bunch of walnut trees to pay for their kids' college. I don't know if you can sell them one-at-a-time but maybe there's a specialty woodworker who'd like to get their hands on it?
I have about 40 trees or so on my 23 acres and have never had a problem. The large nuts DO hurt when they hit you tho'!!! And it confuses the horses if they get clunked on the head.
Walking on the nuts takes some doing and yes I have very happy squirrels!
Post a note on Craigslist if you want to get rid of the nuts. Some people (like me!) would gladly take them off your hands. I've been tempted to stop at people's houses and ask them if they'd mind if I clean up their front yards for them....black walnuts are exquisite! (And very expensive to buy already shelled!)


Opening TRF file
No one can deny the dominance of Android devices in the smartphone market. About 88 percent of the world's smartphones are using the android platform. It is certain that you have a file with the apk. extension and having trouble on how to open it. You don't have to worry anymore since techshift provides us a comprehensive step-by-step visual guide on how to open a.APK file across different operating systems.
What is.APK?
The.APK file stands for Android Package. Google created the file format to share and install applications on Android devices. It is an executable file or in zip format, thus it cannot be read because it is compiled. However, it can be opened using 7 software on 4 platforms.
Here's the step-by-step guide by on how to open.APK file on Windows, Mac, Linux, and Android:
Opening.APK file on Windows OS
There are four simple steps on how to open a.apk file on Windows. Keep in mind that this will only work on Windows 7, 8, and 10
 1. You need to download specific software that can open the file like Google Android SDK, BlueStacks, Core WinZip, 7-Zip, and RARLAB WinRAR.
 2. Finding the original location of the file is the second step. You can usually find it in the /download/ folder.
 3. Once you found the file, perform a right-click on it and choose the "Open with" option.
 4. After clicking the "Open with" option, you will need to select the software you downloaded to open the.apk file (e.g. Google Android SDK). Click on the software and click "OK".
TRF format files may encounter problems
Opening.APK file on Mac OS
Like on Windows, there are also just four easy steps on how to open a.apk file on Mac OS.
 1. Downloading software that can open the file is also the first step here. On Mac OS, Google Android SDK and BlueStacks can be used too, but you can also download Apple Archive Utility.
 2. Locating the downloaded file is the second step. It is commonly found in the /download/ folder.
 3. Press right-click on the file and click the "Open with" option.
 4. Once you click "Open with", you should see the software you downloaded to open the file (let's say, in this case, we used Google Android SDK again). Choose the software and click on "OK".
In summary, opening an.apk file is not hard, there are just programs that you first need to install on your device in order to open the file. This may vary depending on the operating system you are using. For Windows, you can use Google Android SDK, BlueStacks, Corel WinZip, 7-Zip, RARLAB WinRAR programs. For Mac OS, you can download Google Android SDK, Apple Archive Utility, and BlueStacks programs. Only download Google Android SDK on Linux. Finally, for Android, simply install the Google Android software.


text:
At Google IO 2013, Google has launched three new location APIs for developers to access the location of a device. Below these are listed: "Geofencing", "Activity Recognition" and"Fused Location Provider".
Here are its descriptions:
Geofencing: apps define virtual fences around areas to then do actions when the user enters or leaves the area.
Activity Recognisation: tracks movement without the use of GPS
Fused Location Provider: it improves GPS efficiency for apps.
Coming onto Google Play Games
It allows you to
- Cloud Save – progression and game states saved to the cloud and synchronized across devices.
- Google+ Circles to make connections
It allows cross-platform gaming experiences and ensure that users can easily switch between their phones and tablets without losing their game states.
More Here: Google IO 2013


text:
By M. Fraundorfer
The writer examines Brazil's rising function as an immense actor in a variety of sectors of worldwide governance. via exploring how Brazil's workout of strength built during the last decade within the sectors of well-being, foodstuff protection and bioenergy, this publication sheds mild at the energy concepts of an rising nation from the worldwide south.
Read Online or Download Brazil's Emerging Role in Global Governance: Health, Food Security and Bioenergy PDF
Best environmental policy books
The Intergovernmental Panel on weather swap (IPCC) plays essentially the most very important jobs on the earth. It surveys weather study and writes a document approximately what all of it potential. This record is informally often called the weather Bible. pointed out by way of governments around the globe, the weather Bible is the explanation carbon taxes are being brought, heating debts are emerging, and expensive new laws are being imposed.
This e-book advances a social-ecological conception to reconnect nature and society via sustainable transformation of interacting social and ecological platforms. Social ecology develops as an interdisciplinary technological know-how by utilizing wisdom from the social sciences, specifically sociology and economics, and from natural-scientific ecology.
The monograph covers the basics and the results of utmost geophysical phenomena like asteroid affects, climatic switch, earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, flooding, and area climate. This monograph additionally addresses their linked, neighborhood and all over the world socio-economic affects.
- Emissions Trading and Competitiveness Allocations, Incentives and Industrial Competitiveness under the EU Emissions Trading Scheme
- Advancing Land Change Modeling: Opportunities and Research Requirements
- Global Warming and Global Politics
- Climate Change Politics in Europe: Germany and the International Relations of the Environment (Library of International Relations)
- Energy Explained, Volume 1: Conventional Energy
Additional info for Brazil's Emerging Role in Global Governance: Health, Food Security and Bioenergy
24 Brazil's Emerging Role in Global Governance This personal tragedy experienced by people living with and dying from HIV/AIDS in the 1980s and 1990s was exacerbated by another tragedy involving the pharmaceutical industry. Pharmaceutical companies have been using their monopoly on patented AIDS drugs backed by the Agreement for Trade-Related Aspects on Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement) to sell these drugs at exorbitant prices to governments in the developing world. As a consequence, the costs for AIDS drugs were so high that many people living with the virus in developing countries could not afford to get access to these life-saving drugs.
Long puts these two central issues in relation to each other by emphasising that '[k]nowledge processes are embedded in social processes that imply aspects of power, authority and legitimation; and they are to lead to the establishment of common perceptions and interests' (Long 2001: 183). In common with other authors (Bartsch and Kohlmorgen 2007; Hein et al. 2007; Hein and Moon 2013: 38), I have slightly modiﬁed Long's original approach, which concentrated on vertical local/national-global interfaces, cultural practices and sociological aspects.
It is generally acknowledged that threats to health may compromise a country's stability and security. We believe that health as a foreign policy issue needs a stronger strategic focus on the international agenda. (Amorim et al. 2007: 1373) The Oslo Ministerial Declaration acknowledged that health was not only a value in itself but related to issues of development, economic growth and a country's stability and security. No less important, the states agreed that new governance structures needed to be developed in order to meet the challenges of global governance as a whole.


text:
Common commercial examples of concentrated solutions are hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid. Hand soap, soft drinks and liquid medicine are concentrated solutions commonly found in the household.Continue Reading
Concentrated solutions are best understood relative to dilute solutions. Solutions in general are mixtures in which one substance (the solute) is dissolved in another (the solvent). Medication, cleaning agents and beverages are all solutions. Dilute solutions have a relatively solute-to-solvent ratio. They contain more solvent than is present in an equal amount of concentrated solution. Tap water is an example of dilute solution. It contains scarce amounts of dissolved minerals.
Concentrated solutions, on the other hand, have a large amount of solute. Many of the products commonly used in homes are concentrated solutions. Batter, for example, has a high percentage of flour (the solute) dissolved in water (the solvent). Soft drinks have large amount of sugar dissolved in water. Dish soap, medicine, coffee and syrup are all concentrated solutions.
The terms "concentrated" and "dilute" are relative. To fully understand the composition of a solution, an individual needs to know the solubility of the solute in the solvent at a given temperature. For example, the solubility of NaCl in water is 6 moles per liter of solution. This is a concentrated solution. On the other hand, AgCl has a solubility in water of 0.00001 moles per liter of solution — making it a dilute solution.Learn more about Solutions & Mixtures


text:
Creating detailed mortgage scenarios requires a powerful mortgage calculator. RateSpy's advanced amortization tester is built on Microsoft Excel for maximum flexibility.
This tool lets you:
- compare two different mortgages side by side
- compare multiple terms (e.g., compare a 5-year variable with a 2-year fixed that renews into a 3-year fixed)
- make any rate assumptions you can imagine
- calculate different pre-payment scenarios
- make each mortgage's payments equal (to eliminate concerns about "opportunity cost")


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values--all of these can change from shot to shot in order to maintain a consistent and eye-pleasing effect.
For close-up shots with lightsabers, there are a number of considerations:
- All parts of the glow should be wider, and sometimes brighter. Nearly any time you apply Gaussian Blur, use a higher value.
- You may want to slightly reduce the Saturation values to make the colors less cartoonish.
- It's often a good idea to repeat Step 7 once or twice, using different values for Gaussian Blur and/or various opacities for Fade.
EDIT: Well, I've fallen for the Color Balance method now. Instead of using Hue and Saturation, I recommend using Image>Adjustment>Color Balance. This is a more flexible tool because it allows you to make color adjustments for highlights, midtones, and shadows independently. I won't give you any exact numbers, because they'll vary from shot to shot. But keep these tips in mind:
Blue lightsabers: Generally, these should fade from a bright cyan to a deep, slightly violet-ish blue.
Green lightsabers: A little cyan in the highlights is nice, but don't overdo it. A little more yellow in the midtones and shadows will go a long way.
Red lightsabers: These are tricky. You'll need A LOT of red in the highlights and midtones, and bits of the other colors in all three categories.Matting
It's inevitable that in a video, the lightsabers will pass behind the fighter's bodies. In other words, part of the lightsaber will be missing. When this happens, we're forced to erase part of the blade.
There are several complications arising from this. The biggest one is the decision of what to do with the glow. Many people apply the glow effects after the matting, which lets the glow bleed through over the foreground object. Others say this is unrealistic and try to erase the glow that bleeds over the object.
Ideally, you should find a balance here. Create the blades as usual, as if there were no one standing in front of them Before creating the glow, paint black over the parts of the blades that are covered. Now apply the glow effects and, if you have time, partially
erase the unwanted glow.
Good luck with your own lightsabers. I apologize for the length of this tutorial, but a well-done lightsaber effect is more complex than most people think. If you have a better technique for making lightsabers, please post it! (Also, check out this thread
on photoshopforums.com to see examples of this effect in action.)
---Brad#2--- - July 19, 2005 05:40 PM (GMT)
That picture really does look realistic! Well, I guess its not realistic, but it looks like the ones in the movies! :lol:
Joe - July 19, 2005 05:53 PM (GMT)
Thanks! I don't know how "realistic" it is, since I've never seen a real lightsaber, but I'm guessing they'd look a lot like this. In any case, this technique is good for creating a realistic light source, and pretty close to the original effect.
Man, my early attempts were terrible... :rolleyes:
Akira san - July 19, 2005 05:59 PM (GMT)
So this is only for pictures right? I was hoping I'd be able to put a lightsaber blade in a movie clip. :(
And where is Gaussian Blur?
Still, this is great! I looked at that link and saw your pictures! They look like they belong in the movies! :o
Joe - July 19, 2005 06:04 PM (GMT)
No, this is easily applied to videos as well. I've done it before. I can't really describe how to do it, but it requires Adobe After Effects. Do a Google search for "lightsaber rotoscoping tutorial" and you should find tutorials that describe the creation of filmstrip (.flm) files. Use their tutorials, but substitute the actual lightsabers for my technique. Good luck! It takes a loooooong time to rotoscope, since you have to trace every frame... <_<
Gaussian Blur is under the Filters>Blur submenu.
Akira san - July 19, 2005 08:15 PM (GMT)
Ok thanks. Yay! Now I can make Star Wars movies.
Joe - July 19, 2005 08:33 PM (GMT)
That's the great thing about home computers!
---Brad#2--- - July 20, 2005 02:25 PM (GMT)
I'm working on following this tutorial at the moment...I'll let you know when I finish. Hopefully they will look as good as yours!
---Brad#2--- - July 20, 2005 03:06 PM (GMT)
Ok here's my result...I made the core a bit thick, but I don't think it looks too bad. It was a lot of work just to go back and redo it because of that. If I was actually going to use it for something, I'd fix it. Also I think I should've probably added a blue tint to the core rather than making it completely white.
Joe - July 20, 2005 03:23 PM (GMT)
Very nice! I agree that the core is a bit thick, but the effect is pretty good. If you look at some shots in ESB, the lightsabers are so thin...they're almost too thin. Especially Luke's. I guess it's better to have them too thin than too thick.
One thing to take into consideration: the more pixel width the blade has, the higher values you'll have to use for Gaussian Blur. It looks to me like your glow is a little dim as a result of the Blur values being too low.
---Brad#2--- - July 20, 2005 03:50 PM (GMT)
Yes the blur is a bit low also, I suppose, but I wasn't especting perfection :P
Akira san - July 21, 2005 08:47 PM (GMT)
I've got another problem. When I apply the cloud filter, the whole screen turns white.
Joe - July 21, 2005 10:49 PM (GMT)
If you're just seeing a white screen when you press Clouds, your background and foreground colors are both set to white. On your keyboard, press D and then X. At the bottom of the toolbox, there should be two large colored boxes, one overlapping the other. One should now be black; the other should still be white. Try applying Clouds again, and it should work.
Akira san - July 22, 2005 12:09 AM (GMT)
Ok now it works. Thanks once again.
Joe - July 28, 2005 06:22 AM (GMT)
I submitted this tutorial to good-tutorials.com and pixel2life.com. :) Hopefully, this'll gain us a few more members.
madguitaristltd - July 29, 2005 08:07 AM (GMT)
Hey I am working on your tut (which looks like it would turn out fantastic), and I am stuck at where you say "level dialog box." I am relatively new to Photoshop and I do not know where to find that. Thanks.
---Brad#2--- - July 29, 2005 12:41 PM (GMT)
Its under "image--->adjustments--->levels" I think... or you can just hit ctrl+L.
Beastmonkey - July 30, 2005 05:32 AM (GMT)
Nice tutorial Joe, but I seem to be having a problem. I'm average on photoshop, and I followed your tutorial step by step, but this is what I came up with, My Result
. So I think I'm just missing one little thing I have to do in order for it to show up. Any ideas?
Beastmonkey - July 30, 2005 08:11 PM (GMT)
---Brad#2--- - July 31, 2005 01:19 AM (GMT)
Try playing with the blending mode options for the layers...I think that might be your problem.
Joe - July 31, 2005 04:50 AM (GMT)
You're using a white background. Think about a light source in front of a pure white background. How can you see the light source? You can't if it's pure white. Try a black background, as this will show off the effect in the most visible way. Then progress to darkish backgrounds. Avoid light backgrounds whenever you use lightsabers, because as a rule it looks terrible. Hope this helps! :)
A.Spencer - July 31, 2005 11:35 AM (GMT)
Yea I did a photo in front of a white door once, and it turned out like S***.
EDIT: Please refrain from using vulgarities, even censored ones, on these forums. Thanks. :)
Eamon - August 2, 2005 11:33 PM (GMT)
For the Lightsaber Effect this is what I do... (hi)
After your picture is open
1. Create a white sold on your background the size and shape of the blade. Name this layer "core".
2. Duplicate that layer, change the color of the sold to "red,green,blue,orange", and name it "glow".
3. Duplicate the glow layer 3 times (this gives you


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BACKGROUND Rib fractures (RFx) remain the most prevalent injury in an elderly population that will increase from 40 to 81 million for the next 30 years. We sought to create an accurate cost-effective algorithm to triage elderly patients with RFx that accounted for both frailty and trauma burden. METHODS Retrospective analysis evaluated 400 patients older than 55 years with RFx admitted to a level 1 trauma center from 2007 to 2012. Comorbidities included chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure, tobacco use, obesity, and nutrition and functional status. Trauma burden included RFx, tube thoracostomy, pulmonary contusions, and spine and extremity fractures. Patients with Glasgow Coma Scale scores lower than 13, thoracoabdominal surgery, or deaths from other causes were excluded. Comparative analysis used bivariate and logistic regression. Variables contributing to intubation (INT) and pneumonia (PNA) were then used to create a scoring system to predict the need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission. RESULTS Six variables increased the risk for INT or PNA: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, low albumin, assisted status, tube thoracostomy, Injury Severity Score, and RFx (p < 0.05). These six variables and congestive heart failure (odds ratio, 1.9; p = 0.06) were used to create a predictive model with the following scores assigned respectively: 1.4, 1.1, 1, 0.9, 0.1(n), 0.1(n), and 0.6. A score lower than 3.7 had a sensitivity and specificity of 78.5% and 78.9%. The negative predictive value was 94.5% for INT or PNA, suggesting a low risk for ICU requirement. Ninety-two ICU admissions had a score lower than 3.7. Forty had no other indication for ICU admission aside from RFx. These patients had an average ICU length of stay of 1.7 days, resulting in an increased cost of $2,200 per patient. CONCLUSION A scoring system combining frailty and trauma burden may provide more accurate and cost-effective triage of the elderly trauma patient with RFx. Further prospective studies are required to verify our scoring system. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Prognostic and epidemiologic study, level III.
- Rib fractures
- Scoring system
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine


32nd USKBC-KUSBC Joint Plenary
Tuesday, November 17, 2020 - 9:00pm
2020 Joint Statement: 32nd USKBC-KUSBC Joint Plenary
U.S.-Korea Business Council and Korea-U.S. Business Council
November 16-17, 2020 EST | November 17-18, 2020 KST
Members of the U.S.-Korea Business Council and the Korea-U.S. Business Council (the "Councils") held the 32nd Annual Joint Plenary Meeting on November 16-17 EST (November 17-18 KST) in a hybrid—in-person and virtual—format due to public health and safety concerns amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Centered around the theme, "Fostering U.S.-Korea Commercial Relations and Promoting Economic Growth and Innovation," the Councils assembled senior business leaders from the United States and Korea to discuss creative ways to enhance U.S.-Korea commercial collaboration and business resiliency and to promote sustainable economic growth. In addition, the Councils discussed sectoral opportunities and challenges in the digital economy, acknowledging the economic impact of the pandemic.
As this year marked the 70th anniversary of the outbreak of the Korean War, the Councils commemorated the U.S.-Korea alliance, which continues to be the lynchpin of peace and stability both on the Korean Peninsula and in the region. This important anniversary has given our two countries the occasion to celebrate not just our rich history rooted in a common cause, but also our shared values and democratic principles. As the two countries look to strengthen the alliance into the future, the Councils explored areas in which both private sectors can contribute to the bilateral relationship. The Councils appreciate efforts by both governments to sustain an ongoing dialogue on regulatory, policy, and technology issues and build on the strength of bilateral ties to enhance their partnership on regional and global issues.
Now more than ever as we prepare for a post-pandemic world, the Councils believe it is also crucial to turn our focus to sustained economic growth and innovation. To this end, we discussed a number of innovative areas for public-private sector collaboration not only in jointly establishing the necessary infrastructure for a thriving digital economy, but also in working together to develop harmonized regulatory frameworks that encourage the growth of our two countries' digital economies. Specifically, we discussed the importance of regulatory coherence in this space and emphasized that the business community is often faced with duplicative rules and regulations. The Councils urge the review and harmonization of policies, laws, rules, and regulations to streamline business compliance and minimize their deviations from global standards.
The Councils recognize the importance of bolstering U.S.-Korea cooperation amid the COVID-19 pandemic and global economic uncertainty, in close cooperation with like-minded countries that share our values and democratic principles. We believe the following recommendations will help enhance bilateral commercial ties, and in turn, the overall U.S.-Korea relationship.
 1. Support government policies that foster U.S.-Korea commercial collaboration and crisis management. As the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted weaknesses in global supply chains and our economies, the Councils urge a renewed collaborative effort by our two governments, along with the private sector, to strengthen and diversify supply chains against future crises. We encourage our two governments to support businesses efforts to diversify and make new investments in ways that enhance our collective supply chain security. The pandemic also reinforced the importance of digital innovation to our societies, particularly given their crucial role in the worldwide public health response to COVID-19. Early on, the Korean government integrated digital technologies into its containment and mitigation strategy – including testing, contact tracing, and strict quarantine measures – which allowed the country to swiftly "flatten the curve." Moreover, digital technologies enabled the continuation of essential economic functions, including the facilitation of the delivery of key healthcare goods and services. As such, the Councils view the Korean New Deal to be a step in the right direction, as the proposal for economic recovery presents a major opportunity for public-private sector collaboration on the development of harmonized regulatory frameworks that encourage the growth of Korea's digital economy. In addition, the Councils also encourage the two governments to strengthen engagement with both the U.S. and Korean private sectors to ensure best practices and global standards. Furthermore, the U.S. and Korean business community urge both governments to work together to pursue a science-based and data-driven approach to COVID-19 testing and risk mitigation strategies which could limit the need for traveler quarantines that could negatively affect economic and business activities through the implementation of comprehensive, cost-effective pre-departure testing procedures and contact tracing protocols.
 2. Advocate for policies that strengthen and promote the rules-based global trading system. At a time of rising protectionist measures worldwide, a trend that has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Councils believe that the United States and Korea can strengthen bilateral and multilateral economic relationships in order to restore sustainable economic recovery and growth. The Councils urge the two governments to reject trade restrictions that harm the free and rules-based global trading system. We especially encourage both governments, in coordination with other like-minded countries, to eliminate trade-restrictive measures based on overly broad application of import restrictions based on national security considerations, such as those contained in Section 232 of the U.S. Trade Expansion Act. In addition, the Councils urge the two governments to further enhance bilateral trade and investment under the framework of the Korea-U.S. FTA, particularly through digital trade. We encourage the two economies to leverage opportunities for cooperation on 5G, AI, emerging technologies, and the broader digital economy. The Councils discussed the Korean government's consideration of legislation that would vastly expand the country's class action law and agreed to further study the impact of the proposed measure on the Korean business environment. The Councils also encourage both governments to work collaboratively with other like-minded countries through regional and international fora such as APEC, the OECD, and the WTO on a range of emerging and longstanding challenges related to infrastructure, data, cybersecurity, digital taxation, and WTO reform.
 3. Review and coordinate regulatory frameworks for emerging technologies. The Councils believe that in order to develop new technology requirements related to AI, cloud, and other data and cybersecurity challenges, sustained dialogue with the private sector is critical to ensuring that new regulations do not lead to non-tariff and technical barriers to trade. The Councils encourage regulators to take all stakeholders into account as they consider changes to policies that will have a broad effect on our countries' information and communication technology (ICT) ecosystem of startups, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and global companies. We also urge consistency with pre-existing bilateral and multilateral trade agreements in regard to policies that involve trade in digital goods or services.
 4. Promote Responsible Global Development and Deployment of 5G: The Councils believe it is important for governments to devote more resources to the promotion of industry leadership in the development of standards, intellectual property, and patents that are essential to the deployment of an open technologies-based, secure, and trusted 5G ecosystem. We share the view that there is no place for untrusted, high-risk vendors in any part of 5G networks. Further, we believe that the U.S. and Korean governments, along with their allies and partners, must foster trust and improve security through continued engagement with the private sector on risk identification and mitigation efforts, as well as the promotion of continued development of trusted 5G technologies, services, and products.
 5. Improve public health outcomes and promote bilateral cooperation in biotech innovation. As both countries continue to combat the spread of COVID-19 and prepare for future public health crises, the private sector will play an increasingly important role in meeting the rise in public demand for healthcare and digital healthcare solutions. As such, the Councils encourage the two governments to create a transparent and predictable regulatory environment through regular public-private dialogues from the initial planning stages to the implementation of policies that increase access to care and improve health outcomes. Further, we remain committed to continued cooperation in the innovative biotech industry and urge the two governments to promote a business environment that incentivizes investment in innovation.
 6. Strengthen U.S.-Korea private sector commitment to sustainable business practices. Given the significant impact COVID-19 has had on the global economy in a short period of time, the pandemic could be a major turning point for environmental, social, and governance (ESG) investing, particularly as businesses' sustainable management and business resilience strategies have become key factors in countering the economic fallout. To this end, the Councils will work to identify and highlight best practices related to sustainable and climate friendly growth and development. Additionally, the Councils believe that promoting socially and environmentally conscious business practices will be essential to the health of our economies and paths for sustainable growth.
As investors, employers, and business leaders operating in both countries, the Councils welcome the opportunity to provide our comments. We believe that acting on these recommendations will foster innovation and sustainable economic growth in both the United States and Korea and allow for continued commercial collaboration between our economies.
The Councils agree to hold the 33rd USKBC-KUSBC Joint Plenary Meeting in the Fall of 2021 in Seoul.


What is Moling?
Moling is a trenchless method of laying pipes or cables underground, where a pneumatically driven machine known as an Impact Mole forces a path through the ground, displacing soil rather than removing it.
Impact Moles come in all sizes, from 25mm diameters up to around 63mm in diameter. We will pick the appropriate size Mole for your project, and it tends to be a quick and simple way to install smaller pipes underground.
Impact Moling Specialists
If you have a job that you think might require impact moling, call or email us and we'll be able to discuss whether moling or directional drilling might be able to save you money, time and hassle.
Drilling/Moling vs. Trenching
Even when there are no obstacles in the path where you want to lay pipe, and the condition of the ground doesn't matter too much (e.g. a field), it can still often be quicker and cheaper to use an impact mole rather than an open trench.
We can install anything up to 100 meters in a day, and have achieved up to 20 meters in a single 'shot' (in perfect conditions), but more usually we work to a distance of 10 meters to keep deviation to a minimum.
Advantages of Precision Drilling
 - Minimum disruption (to road, rail or pedestrian traffic)
 - Usually cheaper
 - Usually quicker
 - Relatively environmentally friendly (e.g. reduced CO2 emissions)
 - Small footprint for work (only entry and exit points)
 - Looks extremely professional
 - No scarring


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The word 'manufacturing' conjures up images of collecting a set of materials and assembling them to create a finished product. For food processing, disassembly, or reverse manufacturing, is often the starting point for the manufacturing process. Calculating costs for the disassembly steps is not native to most financial systems, but ImpactECS is designed to exactly mirror any manufacturing process.
In environments where the starting point is one item (a chicken) that is separated into smaller parts (wings, breasts, etc.) and then processed (marinated, packaged), the need for a sophisticated costing system is vital to accurately calculate product costs. ImpactECS can calculate costs for every manufacturing step, analyze yields and variances across lines and plants, and report results to business and operations leaders all in one system.
Raw Material and Substitution Costs
Integrated food processors generally have both internal and external sources for raw materials. With multiple costs for the same starting materials, processors need to calculate blended costs that include both market prices and transfer prices. Also, raw material substitutions frequently occur depending on available raw material inventories can lead to drastic variances in product costs. The flexibility of ImpactECS allows users to make adjustments to raw materials and processes to calculate accurate product cost results.
Food processors are continually valuing their inventories since market prices shift daily for most goods. Automated tools to update market prices and calculate inventory turns are critical components to any comprehensive product costing process. ImpactECS tracks inventory by lots or batches to align product cost with current market values to help sales and marketing teams set prices and close profitable deals with customers.


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The 30 participants from 10 countries will develop their competances in field of conflict resolution and promotion of Human Rights through theatre methodology.
The training course which will take place in Berlin between 19th and 28th of July. The 30 participants from Germany, Bulgaria, Latvia, Spain, Italy, Croatia, Romania, Poland, Greece, and Lithuania will develop their competences in field of conflict resolution and promotion of Human Rights through theatre methodology.
The aim of the project is developing the competences of youth workers and youth leaders in field of promotion of the human rights their respect and protection, conflict transformation, peace building and intercultural dialogue. through theatre methodology.
- Promotion of young people's role as positive activists in building process of anti-discimination attitudes.
- Strengthening the role of young people and organizations in identifying and counteracting violations of human rights.
- Developing the competances of youth workers and youth leaders in the context of conflict resolution and reduction of radicalism through theatre methodology
- Developing the trainers competances among participanst related to conflict transformation through theatre methodology
- Promoting diversity, intercultural and interreligious dialogue, social inclusion, european values, tolerance, solidarity.
- Fostering cooperation between parnters and participants in the field of youth work.
This Training Course is
for 30 participants
from Bulgaria, Croatia, Germany, Greece, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Spain
Application Deadline: 3 July 2021


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Diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP3) immunization coverage
Immunization at the global level has progressed very well during the past 30 years, but further increases in coverage would save the lives of millions more who do not yet benefit from this protection. Global immunization coverage with three doses of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP3) vaccine has been sustained at 78% until 2004. 102 countries have reached DTP3 coverage of 90% or more and 80 countries are within the 50-89% range. Ten countries – in Africa, Asia and Central America – have coverage levels below 50%. Among urban areas of Africa, Americas and Asia, urban coverage is between 70-80%, on average. However, DTP3 immunization coverage for the urban poorest 20% children is 61%, 73% and 65% for Africa, Americas and Asia, respectively.
DTP3 immunization coverage rates for the urban poorest 20% as well as the richest 20% have decreased in Africa, on average. For example, on average, DTP3 immunization coverage rate has fallen from 68% to 65% in the poorest 20% urban population in Africa. However, there have been modest increases in DTP3 immunization coverage rates in both urban richest and poorest 20% populations in Americas and Asia.


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Fall Creek Falls & Coon Creek Falls
January 15, 1951
RG 82, Department of Conservation
Fall Creek Falls is Tennessee's second-largest park; it consists of 19,684 acres and is located between Spencer and Pikeville along the border of Van Buren and Bledsoe counties. Park construction began in 1936 following the arrival of the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) and Works Progress Administration (WPA). The CCC restocked wildlife and began reforestation, and the WPA assisted with the construction of the park's facilities. The State Forestry Service and Department of Agriculture administered the park throughout the 1930s and 1940s. The National Park Service oversaw development, which included parking areas, picnic and camping facilities, trails, etc.
Today, park attendance places Fall Creek Falls among the state's most heavily visited recreational sites. The Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation has successfully retained the parks' most valuable resources, including the spectacular 250-foot namesake, Fall Creek Falls, as well as Cane Creek Gulf, Cane Creek Falls, Rockhouse Falls, Piney Creek Falls, numerous gorges, natural foliage, and an abundance of wildlife species. Today, the park remains, as the National Park Service remarked in the mid-1930s, "unquestionably one of the most outstanding beauty regions" in the United States.
Section researched and written by Kimberly Wires, Archival Assistant.