Compared to a cigarettes, how much nicotine is in tea, coco powder and vegetables like tomatoes and potatoes?
For example, for a normal sized tomato, how many grams of nicotine is present?
 - This article gives a list of vegetables and their nicotine content – Chris Rogers Jan 30 '17 at 22:59
 - Thanks. So what is a "passive smoker", as mentioned in the article? I must be reading the data wrong because that would mean that one eggplant weighing 100 grams would be equivalent to 10 cigarettes worth of nicotine. That can't be true. Am I understanding the data correctly? – Lumo5 Jan 31 '17 at 6:32
 - I understood it the same as you. The article compares the amount of nicotine in food to being in a room with 1 or 2 smokers (moderate smoke in the room) breathing in their smoke but not smoking yourself – Chris Rogers Jan 31 '17 at 9:06
 - So, in a day, if I eat a potato, tomato, some eggplant, tea, and chocolate, that must be equivalent to 2 packs of cigarettes. So why don't people just eat a lot of tomatoes instead of smoking? – Lumo5 Jan 31 '17 at 9:42
 - 1
 I have a hard time believing the info in the article because then we would all be overdosing on nicotine just from eating salads and potatoes. – Lumo5 Jan 31 '17 at 13:36
Not much. Unless your vegetables or teas do contain tobacco or some exotic weeds.
In the letter mentioned in the comments was an interesting table listing different plant sources of nicotine. The highest amount was reported for eggplant containing 100ng/g of nicotine. In that letter this was translated into 10g of plant material needed for a consumer to ingest 1 µg of nicotine. These values were used because this level of exposure was deemed equivalent with the amount of nicotine obtained by a passive indoor smoker. An average cigarette contains around 10mg nicotine. (Take note of the different units of measurement.)
That would mean an unhealthy amount of vegetable is needed to be eaten to approach the nicotine levels of just one cigarette for a smoker.
Although this should have been clear from the start given the different magnitudes this letter provoked quite some reactions:
The main problem with the inferences in these authors' letter is a 500-fold error in the calculations used to determine the vegetable equivalent of toxicologically meaningful exposure to tobacco smoke.
Determining the amount of vegetable consumption suggestive of exposure to cigarette smoke is also more complicated and physiologically difficult than implied by Domino et al.
First, it would take an approximately 500-fold increase in the amount of vegetables estimated by Domino et al. to produce exposure equivalent to half a cigarette a day -- e.g., more than 100 kg of tomatoes would have to be consumed in one day.
Second, as acknowledged by Domino et al., nicotine exposure would be greatly reduced if vegetable skins, which contain most of the nicotine, were not eaten or if they were cooked in water, thereby extracting the nicotine.
Third, ingesting nicotine is not equivalent to inhaling it, since absorption from the stomach is poor and 70 percent of the nicotine entering the circulation is metabolized during its first pass through the liver.
Finally, it has been well confirmed that the exposure to tobacco smoke indicated by a plasma concentration of 5 to 10 ng of cotinine per milliliter is of clear toxicologic importance,3 whereas there is no evidence that daily exposure to the equivalent of 1 percent of the smoke from one puff of a cigarette would be of toxicologic importance or could possibly confound assessment of environmental exposure.
[formatting and emphasis added]
To which the original author responded:
The amount of nicotine in certain vegetables is obviously too small to produce any pharmacologic or toxicologic effects. The difference between the small amount of nicotine in certain vegetables and the large amount in one average tobacco cigarette offers a marvelous lesson, both pharmacologic and toxicologic, on the importance of dose-effect relations. We never intended to suggest that vegetarians could become nicotine addicts, or that children who hate vegetables have a legitimate reason for refusing to eat them.
Many plants, only especially those of the nightshade family, contain chemicals that are classified as active drugs; like nicotine. But tobacco is specifically breed for nicotine content and cigarettes are standardised for its content.
Determination of the Nicotine Content of Various Edible Nightshades (Solanaceae) and Their Products and Estimation of the Associated Dietary Nicotine Intake:
Aubergines. Aubergines were investigated by Castro and Monji (1986), Sheen (1988), and Davis et al. (1991) with inconsistent results. The concentrations published previously include not detectable (Davis et al., 1991), >100 μg kg-1 wet weight (Castro and Monji, 1986), and 2.65 mg kg-1 dry weight (Sheen, 1988). We investigated four different types of aubergines, and nicotine could only be quantified in one sample. In two of the remaining samples, nicotine was detected but could not be quantified. […]
Tea. Conflicting results are found in the literature concerning nicotine concentrations in black tea (Sheen, 1998; Davis et al., 1991; Domino et al., 1993). Therefore, tea samples were analyzed for nicotine to address these contradictory results. The concentrations that were found in the dry tea leaves (Table 6) were surprisingly high in concentration, ranging from 163 to 1600 μg kg-1. Large variations were found within the types of black tea, whereas the concentrations were more or less consistent within the green teas. For an estimation of the dietary nicotine intake from tea, the nicotine concentration of the tea leaves is less relevant than that in brewed tea. Tea was brewed using common amounts of tea leaves and water. The results show that nicotine is not efficiently extracted by conventional brewing techniques (Table 7). Even tea with very high nicotine concentrations in the leaves (e.g., teas 3 and 4) do not show high amounts in the brewed tea. If detectable, the extraction yield is in a range of 20-25%.
Averaged Nicotine Concentrations
 Based on the Observed Nicotine Concentrations
source nicotine (ng/g) SD (ng/g)
nicotine from potatoes 4.5 1.9
nicotine from tomatoes 2.7 0.7
nicotine from tomato paste 5.3 0.6
nicotine from tomato sauce 4.5 1.5
nicotine from ketchup 7.3 1.5
nicotine from aubergine 2.1 0.5
nicotine from brewed tea 4.0 0.3
The edible Solanaceae analyzed in this investigation were found to contain relatively consistent amounts of nicotine in the range of 2-7 μg/kg for fresh fruits. These results are in agreement with most but not all of the previous results reported in the literature. Nicotine appears to survive a variety of processing operations such as the preparation of tomato ketchup, sauces, and pastes as well as frying and boiling of potatoes. These products showed slightly higher concentrations in comparison to the related fresh fruits. Relatively large concentrations of nicotine found in tea leaves were not reflected in brewed tea. Using food consumption data from government sources, a mean estimated daily dietary intake of nicotine is approximately 1.4 and 2.25 μg/day at the 95th percentile based on the nicotine content and consumption data discussed in this report. It is possible that these estimates are low because of incomplete food consumption data. Further work is required to relate the estimated dietary nicotine intake to nicotine metabolite concentrations in biological fluids to be able to make reliable statements about the importance of dietary nicotine intake in comparison to environmental tobacco smoke exposure.
To bring that back into perspective, a reminder on SI units of magnitude seems appropriate:
10−3g = mg = milligram
10−6g = µg = microgram
10−9g = ng = nanogram
Nicotine is the principal alkaloid in commercial tobacco, N. tabacum, usually accounting for >90% of the alkaloid fraction whereas nornicotine, anabasine, and anatabine seldom accumulate to >5%. Further nicotinoids are present only in very small concentrations in tobacco (Bush et al. 1999).[…]
Nicotinoid Content of Cured Tobacco Leaves and Tobacco Smoke. Of course there are differences concerning the qualitative alkaloid profile of green tobacco leaves, cured leaves, and tobacco smoke. This is also true from the quantitative point of view. Thus, due to enzymatic transformation during senescence and air-curing, e.g., the nicotine content may be reduced in favour of an increased amount of nornicotine. This may happen even to an extreme extent. Due to individual genetic conversion so-called "converters" are able to metabolize leaf nicotine to its nor congener up to 95% (Siminszky et al. 2005 and references therein). This happens more frequently in burley cultivars than in flue-cured tobaccos. Moreover, aging and flue-curing turned out to lead to a reduction on the concentrations of minor nicotinoid components.
The accumulation of large amounts of nicotine and/or its congeners is confined to four solanaceous genera belonging to two clades of the subfamily


text:
Manufacturing Process Engineer SynQor
THIS JOB HAS EXPIRED Job Type : Full Time
Career Level : Entry Level
Shift/Hours : First Shift (Day)
Education : Bachelor's Degree
Category : Engineering
Job Description :
Seeking a recent Engineering Bachelor's Degree graduate for the position of Manufacturing Process Engineer. The successful candidate will be responsible for providing engineering support in a high volume manufacturing environment.
Responsibilities of the Manufacturing Process Engineer include, but are not limited to, the following:
- Develop, evaluate, and improve manufacturing and assembly processes and methods to obtain maximum productivity levels.
- Conduct engineering experimentation, as required.
- Identify and implement cost reductions.
- Troubleshoot and repair manufacturing equipment.
- Instruct, train, guide, and mentor technicians and operators.
- Implement and maintain process work instructions.
- Perform Design for Manufacturability and Assembly and recommend engineering design changes, as needed.
- Participate in MRB activities.
- Provide support and resolve equipment and process problems, as they occur, in the production environment.
- Use data collection tools and information to drive continuous process improvement; identify root cause and implement/verify corrective action.
- Process control and process improvement activities utilizing quality metrics.
- Order supplies and small equipment, as needed, to support electronics manufacturing operations.
Job Requirements :
The required education, experience, and skills for the Manufacturing Process Engineer position include, but are not limited to, the following:
- Bachelor's degree in Manufacturing or Industrial engineering.
- Zero to three years experience with applicable course work/co-op experience.
- Basic understanding of manufacturing processes used in the electronics manufacturing industry. Examples include knowledge of Surface Mount Technology (SMT),
reflow soldering, thru-hole soldering, PCB assembly and electronics systems assembly processes.
- Excellent interpersonal skills.
- Strong written and verbal communication skills.
- Good project management skills.
- Ability to quickly drive issues to closure using available tools and resources.
- Mechanical aptitude.
- High level of initiative and ability to work independently.
- Ability to prioritize tasks.
- Positive, self confident, team player.
- Previous experience within electronic or electromechanical manufacturing environment.
- Familiarity with ISO 9001.
||155 Swanson Road |
Boxborough, MA 01719
THIS JOB HAS EXPIRED

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text:
Name: Aristolochia clematitis
Names: Aristolochia root, upright birthwort, birthwort, ma dou ling
Used: Rootstock, flowering
Birthwort is a remedy that goes back to the ancient Egyptians, who used it for snakebite. Early writings also indicate that it has long been used to promote uterine contractions during childbirth.
Diaphoretic, emmenagogue, febrifuge, oxytocic, stimulant
Fruit: Expectorant, antitussive, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal
Birthwort has been used for abdominal complaints and menstrual problems. The decoction can be used externally for wounds and also for leg ulcers.
Chinese herbalists use the fruit when there is lung heat and inflammation, with or without deficiency, but with the presence of phlegm. For these conditions, it stops coughing and wheezing. It is also used internally to treat bleeding hemorrhoids.
Birthwort is a perennial plant found growing around fences, thickets, field edges, and vineyards. The erect, yellow-green, somewhat sinuous stem grows to a height of 1 to 3 feet from a long, thin rootstock. The dark green leaves are kidney-shaped and short-petioled. The yellowish-green flowers appear in May and June.
When the plant is in flower, use the entire plant, including the rootstock; otherwise use the rootstock alone.
Decoction: Use 2 tbsp. fresh plant (or rootstock) with 1 cup water. Boil for 10 minutes, then strain. Dosage as directed by a doctor.
Cold Extract: Use 2 tsp. plant or rootstock with 1 cup cold water. Let stand for 6 to 8 hours. Dosage as directed by a doctor.
Fruit: 3-9 grams
CAUTION: Birthwort contains a substance that acts similar to the poisonous alkaloid colchicine.
Do not use except under professional supervision.
Aristolochia fruit should not be used in cases of spleen deficiency with diarrhea or conditions of cold and deficiency with cough and wheezing.
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text:
Chong, Gregory Chow Ye
Trajectory-scheduling control systems and their multi-objective design automation.
PhD thesis, University of Glasgow.
Full text available as:
This thesis encompasses the analysis of TSN systems and their multi-objective design methods. TSN nodes are networked through interpolation and activation, similar to a gain-scheduling or local model/controller network. However, to achieve accuracy and ease of commissioning without requiring a large number of nodes, an algorithm has been developed first to identify optimum transition nodes within the entire operating envelope. Then the TSN approaches a nonlinear plant globally, not just locally, without requiring linearization. If desired or necessary, global optimisation provides an enhancement in the design process for TSNs. Since optimising only one aspect (a single objective) of performance while compromising others is undesirable, multi-objective designs have been developed concurrently to deliver or improve multiple aspects of performance.
Following the development of a TSN, it is applied to nonlinear system modelling, and this TSN is termed a Trajectory-Scheduling Model (TSM). A TSM possesses the same properties and design features as the TSN generic framework. A nonlinear system, a coupled liquid-tank, is used to examine this modelling technique. Results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the methods developed and validates the TSM.
Further, the TSN technique is applied to nonlinear controller design, by way of a Trajectory-Scheduling Controller (TSC) network. It is illustrated through the design of a networked, easy-to-understand and easy-to-use PID control system for the coupled liquid-tank. Results show that the methods developed offer a high-performance linear control system with nonlinear capabilities to handle practical systems operating in a broad range and to cope with conflict between setpoint following at transient and disturbance rejection at steady state. This method is then applied to the PID network design problems for two nonlinear chemical processes.
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Taking Risks and Doing Gender Among BASE Jumpers
In the arena of extreme sports, BASE jumping is among the most dangerous. BASE jumpers leap from fixed objects such as bridges, skyscrapers and cliffs, and freefall for several seconds before parachuting back to earth. Men On The Edge offers a wide-ranging sociological analysis of gender and voluntary risk taking as it unfolds in the context of BASE jumping. This book challenges highly individualistic accounts of voluntary risk taking and extends early attempts to explain the gendered participation in the sport by drawing on wider debates about modernization, individualization, community formation, gender relations and the sociology of the everyday.


text:
Texting is omnipresent, and it's in the news quite a bit. Text messaging has become a huge part of people's lives, especially the under 30 set. How private it texting?
According to various sources, here is some news:
AT&T says it keep messages for up to 72 hours, Sprint PCS for two weeks, and Verizon says texts don't stay on the network for a long period.
Here are a few tips to keep texts private:
* Don't ever text personal information such as your PIN number, password, or banking information to anyone. Remember, once you send that information to another person, it gets stored in their cell phone and you don't want that.
* Put a password on your phone to keep others from accessing your text logs or email. This will also prevent thieves from stealing information stored in your phone.
* iPhone owners may want to change their SMS preview settings to make incoming text messaging more private. Apple iPhone Review has instructions on how to do this.
* Those concerned about privacy can send anonymous text messages with services like AnonTxt.com.
* Don't forget to erase all your personal data before selling, recycling or donating your old phone.
* And last but not least, remember that no matter how secure you think your carrier's SMS servers are, the ultimate security of private text messages depends on the recipient.


text:
Skip to Main Content
This brief paper considers multirate control from the viewpoint of computation saving. When a digital control system involves multiple actuators with different bandwidths, feedback loops may be closed at different rates: a fast rate for a high bandwidth loop and a slow rate for a low bandwidth loop. Multirate implementation of a single loop controller is possible by decomposing the control algorithm to fast and slow rate blocks. Such implementations of digital controllers will reduce the total amount of computation. The slow rate part of the controller may be further decomposed and interlaced so that computation saving by multirate control may be distributed uniformly at all fast rate sampling instances. The performance of multirate control implementations for computation saving are applied to the dual actuator track following problem of computer hard disk drives (HDDs). The experimental results show that the multirate implementations achieve regulation performance of the position error signal at about the same level as the single-rate implementation while realizing significant computation saving.


text:
Lakita ('for the classroom' in Hebrew) is an innovative, not-for-profit crowdfunding platform for teacher-led educational initiatives in Israel. Lakita was established with the goal of helping educators bring innovative tools into the classroom, allowing them to maximize their potential and that of their students.
Our mission & vision
Our vision is to create direct ties between initiatives by creative and motivated educators, and every person who shares a belief in the importance of education in Israel. These ties will promote an educational environment in which the creativity and the support of educators will help to provide students with the best possible education.


text:
, Research Associate, SAFHL - Hydraulic Lab
Jay Hatch, Associate Professor, Education & Human Development
Culverts can act as barriers to fish passage for a number of reasons, including insufficient water depth or excess velocity. In addition, concern is being raised over behavioral barriers where culvert conditions elicit an avoidance response that deters or slows fish movement. Long culverts can block sunlight, creating a potential behavioral barrier as fish approach a long, dark culvert. Scant information exists on low light as a potential barrier to fish passage, particularly with warm water species such as the federally endangered Topeka Shiner. As some older culverts are being replaced with longer total lengths to improve safety by extending the culvert through reengineered road embankments, information is needed to 1) determine when and if light mitigation strategies are necessary, and 2) design appropriate light mitigation strategies, if necessary. Based on literature review, field monitoring, and laboratory experiments, the effect of light on fish passage for Topeka Shiner and other small prairie stream fish was indiscernible. Therefore, no light mitigation for large box culverts (up to 150 feet in length) can be recommended for similar fish communities. Culverts that are very long or have very small openings may benefit from additional light.
- Project number: _PHONE_
- Start date: 04/2014
- Project status: Completed
- Research area: Environment and Energy


George Washington National Forest provides opportunities to explore the outdoors
The George Washington National Forest includes 1 million acres of land stretching from Covington to Front Royal. The forest is very rich in history, as it was home to Indians, was a travel route for the pioneers, and was a battleground during both the Revolutionary and Civil wars.
Activities include hiking, fishing, backpacking, biking, scenic drives, hunting, and wildlife observation. Nearly 900 miles of hiking trails are available for any level of hiker. Privately owned Virginia cabin rentals provide many places to stay close to and explore the forest.
adapted from The News Virginian Explore the Valley 2008-09


text:
TradeLog allows a user to hold long-term positions open and close them in the future while actively trading the same security. See: Holding Long-Term Open Positions
Once the long-term holding is closed, the closing trade will have to be manually matched with the open long-term position.
To match closing trade records with the long-term holding if the closing position was imported:
1. Select the closing trade records that need to be force matched with the holding. See Selecting Multiple Trades.
2. Click Edit, Edit Record(s). See Editing a Trade
3. Use your TAB key to move the cursor to the Matched column. See: Display Matched Tax Lots
4. Enter the SAME lot number as the holding.
5. Hit your ENTER key TWICE to save.


text:
The goal of Companion Resources is to help ordinary people meet the extraordinary challenges of living. We focus especially on lifelong disabilities of all kinds, including chronic mental illness. We are concerned about persons directly affected by disabilities as well as family members who support them. Our work leads us also to concerns about poverty and community.
Companion Resources is built on four key concepts:
- Learning – Understanding the conditions that bring challenges into people's lives.
- Companionship – Turning that understanding into healthy relationships of mutual love and care.
- Community – Building life-giving social structures that encourage and nourish the diversity of persons and their abilities.
- Resources – Mobilizing the gifts we have been given toward this community-building enterprise.


Forums - C# Corner
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Craig Kasold
Craig Kasold
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Change the foreColor of a textbox
Feb 11 2009 9:04 AM
I am trying to do something that I believe should be very simple. I am trying to change the forecolor of a textbox depending on what is in the text box. Meaning if the text box has a value of 'UP', I want the forecolor to be RED. If the text box has a value of 'DOWN', I want the forecolor to be BLUE. I am use to programming in SQL (Oracle) over 10 years ago and I would simply state something like: if the textbox.text = "UP" then textbox.forecolor =; ELSIF textbox.text = "DOWN" then textbox.forecolor =; ELSE textbox.forecolor =;
How does one do it in Visual C#?
Can anyone Help?
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Climate Change: Prepare for More Flooding in Eastern Canada
Gatineau flood-aerial02
Gatineau spring 2017 flood
Major spring floods impacted communities in Eastern Canada recently, as historic flooding caused widespread damage and evacuations, with some fatalities. Many who live within the Lake Ontario, Ottawa and St. Lawrence drainage systems were affected. A joint Canada-US board warns of more to come.
Gatineau residents walk their dog
Heavy rains and melting snowpack flooded over 2,000 homes in Quebec. The St. Lawrence River spilled its banks to historic levels, flooding Montreal and Trois-Rivieres and its surrounding areas. Some of the heaviest flooding occurred in the Ottawa River in Gatineau. The Ottawa River at Gatineau rose several metres above normal levels, reaching record levels and flooding hundreds of homes. Levels in Lake Ontario hit record highs in April. April was one of the top three wettest Aprils on record since 1900, in terms of flowing into Lake Ontario.
"A record-setting snowstorm in late March probably added to the flooding," writes Sean Gordon of the Globe and Mail. "Combined with a heavier snow pack and mostly cool April temperatures, the spring melt in Eastern Ontario and Western Quebec has taken longer than in a typical year. With rivers and streams already surging with melted snow and overflowing water tables saturating the ground, it doesn't take much rain to cause mayhem. And there's been lots and lots of rain."
Pierrefonds-Roxboro flood2017
Rescuers in Pierrefonds, Quebec
Elsewhere in Canada, in New Brunswick Atlantic Canada, the St John River spilled its banks after 150 millimetres of rain fell in a 36-hour downpour. British Columbia, on the other side of the country, has recently suffered flooding and mudslides.
"While I know that individual weather events can vary," says Alex Tetreault of the National Observer, "there's no denying that these sorts of events are becoming more frequent because of our changing climate."
Climate Change Increases Extreme Weather Events
Scientists agree that extreme weather resulting in flooding will become more frequent in some regions as climate change accelerates. While we normally view and report climate change on a global and decades scale, it is experienced on a local and day-to-day scale through weather patterns and events.
"We've changed the chemistry of the atmosphere and the oceans with our greenhouse gases," says climate scientist Paul Beckwith at the University of Ottawa. While these large scale changes are reflected in globally increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide and temperatures, their effects express regionally in unique ways–which is why some feel increased temperatures and drought, while others experience increased torrential rain. This is no paradox; this is weather.
Climate Change Is About Water
Because climate is essentially a water-driven phenomenon, we see the most obvious
impacts of climate change in water events: torrential rainfall; hurricanes; tornadoes; melting polar ice or permafrost; sea level rise and ocean acidification; atmospheric rivers and associated deluges; the great oceanic current; drought, wind storms and heat.
Given that much of our Great Lakes and St. Lawrence waters are shared with our southern neighbour, it was disconcerting that a Trump administration budget proposal suggested completely defunding the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative, which cleans industrial pollution in the lakes—leaving all the cleanup to Canada. The funding was saved in the latest US budget bill—at least for now.
When US Regulators Turn Into Lobbyists
It is rather alarming and disheartening that the US EPA—comprised of intelligent scientists whose central mission is to protect US and joint Canadian-US waters (such as the Great Lakes) is now administered by a pro-industry (pro-deregulation) climate denier (Scott Pruitt), whose first step once in office was to remove key regulations aimed at limiting emissions that cause global warming and reducing pollution in US rivers, streams and wetlands.
Pruitt currently "regulates" the very companies with whom he previously collaborated; companies that had lobbied against regulations that required upgrading or removal of outmoded and highly polluting coal-powered power plants, control of methane emissions, limitation of smog-causing chemicals and use of hydraulic fracturing. The US Environment Protection Agency has also removed a climate change section from its website "to reflect EPA's priorities under … President Trump and Administrator Pruitt."
And we know what that priority and vision is.
The Canadian Vision
Meantime, (while America appears preoccupied in a shortsighted pursuit of money for a few) in Canada, Environment Minister Catherine McKenna advises that Canadian firms prepare for how they will cope with the effects of climate change, including more unpredictable and extreme weather events.
Flooded homes in Rigaud, Quebec
Beckwith joins other Canadian scientists in urging municipalities to upgrade their infrastructure to improve drainage, including a city's storm water management system. "It's just a matter of time before [flooding] happens to just about every city the way climate change is accelerating," warns Beckwith. Given that many cities are located on a floodplain, I'd bet on that prediction.
To find out what some Canadian municipalities and individuals are doing, see my articles on storm water runoff and management:
Calming Unruly Urban Waters
Tasking Citizens to Manage their Storm Water Runoff
What Watershed Do You Live In? And Why Should You Care?
Why Stormwater Fees Are Necessary
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AYER -- One group of sixth-graders has thrown meaning and goodwill behind the typical middle-school dance, organizing one last Friday that raised more than $600 for special education.
Mackenzie Marshall, Riley Murphy, Juliana Nealy and Meghan Bupell wanted to raise money for the Melmark School in Andover, which Riley's older sister attends. The private school provides education for children with autism, brain injuries and other disorders.
"We decided to form a group to raise money for autism, and we decided a dance would be good to raise money for," said 11-year-old Marshall.
The girls spread the word throughout school, hanging posters and commissioning friends to help with set-up and clean-up. They also sold bracelets or $1 that offered students a discount on admission, and by Friday they had sold about 55.
The dance, held at Ayer Shirley Regional Middle School, featured raffle prizes and music from eighth-grade DJ Michael Kelly. Students were encouraged to wear blue, the color for autism awareness.
"I was kind of proud of them that they were sixth-graders trying to pull off this dance for autism awareness," said Sherry Marshall, Mackenzie's mother. "I thought they did a pretty good job."
The girls hope to do the same thing for autism awareness in the future, she said, but instead give the money to the district to use for special-education costs.
Like all sixth-graders at the school, the girls have gone through a United Way Youth Venture class, a program that encourages young students to help their communities in different ways.
Catherine Lyon, Youth Venture program coordinator and library media coordinator at the school, said the half-hour enrichment block has really become part of the school's culture. Another group of students, called the Blue Crew, decorated trees in a nearby park with blue lights with the goal of spreading autism awareness, she said.
"Kids are just interested in making changes in the world," she said. "We promote the idea that everyone is a change-maker, and they really run with it."


More Sites
Men who do housework get less sex
Kimberly Gillan
Thursday, January 31, 2013
Couples who stick to the "traditional" household chores for men and women enjoy more sex, according to a controversial new study.
Despite the modern man being encouraged to cook and clean and women taking to DIY, the study suggests that the role reversal could actually impact on sex life.
In the study, published in the February journal American Sociological Review, couples who followed traditional gender roles — like wives doing the cooking and cleaning while men stick to yard work and paying bills — reported greater sexual frequency.
"It seems that the gender identities husbands and wives express through the chores they do also help structure sexual behaviour," said co-author Julie Brines, associate professor of sociology at the University of Washington.
The researchers studied 4500 married couples who were surveyed between 1992 and 1994 –– the latest US data available about sexual frequency in married couples.
Wives who did more "female" tasks reported having sex 1.6 times more than couples where the husband did most of the cooking, washing and cleaning.
The researchers said their findings weren't related to husbands being sexually coercive, as the wives reported similar sex satisfaction, regardless of how much house work they did.
"Marriage today isn't what it was 30 or 40 years ago, but there are some things that remain important," Brines said. "Sex and housework are still key aspects of sharing a life, and both are related to marital satisfaction and how spouses express their gender identity."
Dr Lauren Rosewarne, a sex researcher from the University of Melbourne, told ninemsn we needn't revert to 1950s gender roles.
"I am somewhat skeptical of the study because they just looked at one factor that may contribute to why couples have or don't have sex, but in individual couples there is a number of reasons why they are having as much sex or as little sex as they are," she said.
"We don't know everything about these couples' sex lives, we just know data as related to amount of domestic work. Linking that directly to the amount of sex had, that makes me nervous."
Past studies have found the opposite –– that men who assist with household chores are more likely to be rewarded sexually by their wives.
"The idea of a man helping around the house and this idea of being an equal relationship and potentially less exploited … may make women want to have sex," Dr Rosewarne said.
Infrequent sex between couples has also been related to fatigue, so Rosewarne said it's possible the women studied did not have demanding careers.
"If you have time for housework you potentially don't have an incredibly demanding employed job," she said.
"When you look at studies of couples who don't have sex or have sex less, one of the reasons is often that they are tired. So potentially if you are not in a very demanding job, you may have more time freed up and more emotional resources."
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text:
Nordic brown bees are rather rare and your neighboring beekeepers are likely keeping other subspecies or lines of bees, like Italian, Carnica, or Buckfast bees. This increases the risk of uncontrolled cross-breeding occurring, which should be avoided, since crossbred bees sometimes exhibit aggressive behaviour and ultimately are harder to manage. Also if we are interested in conserving the Nordic Brown bee with all of its adaptations it is important to not end up with hybrids.
A colony with a purebred and puremated queen will always produce purebred offspring.
A purebred queen that freely mated in a drone aggregation area could possibly mate with non-purebred drones. Her female offspring would then be cross-bred/hybrids, but her drone offspring would still be purebred. This is due to the fact that drones are a genetic copy of their mother and they receive no genes from their father at all; while the female offspring receive genes from both the mother and father. The signs of cross-breeding show in the worker bees (always female) who have both the maternal genes from the queen and the paternal genes from drones that represent some other subspecies.


Homemade Dog Toys: A Cost Free And Eco-Friendly Solution for Your Friend
how to make dog toys
Anna Smith
Written by Anna Smith
Toys are an indispensable item in any dog's life especially if he or she is expected to lead a healthy and productive life. By being able to facilitate mental stimulation, toys play a key role in alleviating separation anxiety, discouraging destructive behaviors, boosting social behaviors and encouraging the dog to live a happy and productive life. But when it comes to toy selection, most dog owners usually feel obliged to purchase costly ones instead of looking for other affordable or non-costly alternatives.
Also, due to the hefty price tags on most play items, most owners can only make one or two purchases at a go. But not known by too many people, there is an inexpensive alternative that can assist pet owners in saving tons of cash while achieving the same result as they would have with a new play item.
Apart from being very easy to design, homemade toys are also very cheap to make and at times no costs are incurred as long as the pet owner has all the necessary assemblage parts at his disposal. Furthermore, homemade play items are ideal because they tend to increase the life cycle of various disposables. Hence, they are eco-friendly and a green solution to items that would have normally been discarded as waste. See more homemade goodies in our easy to make DIY dog toys that are inexpensive, as well.
Make a toy for your dog out of socks
Needless to say, the home designed play items are just as effective as purchased play items because they all achieve similar results. But, like shop toys, there are several issues that every dog owner must put into consideration before selecting a suitable play item designs. Without addressing these issues of concern at the initial stages, the results may be dire on your dog with some instances necessitating the need for emergency medical attention. Hence, here are some of the things that every dog owner must consider before selecting an ideal homemade toy design.
Things to consider before selecting the ideal homemade dog toy
Establishing where your dog lies on the chew meter is essential especially when it comes to the selection of an ideal toy. Various toys such as the recycled plastic bottle toys are not suitable for very strong chewers because they can be punctured or torn easily. Hence, dogs that are on the upper scale of the chew meter it is indispensable to provide them with homemade playtime items.
The play items should be designed from materials that are not only durable but also strong enough to tolerate aggressive chewing. Also, the material should not only withstand the belligerent chewing but it must also not wither, shred, crack, rip or puncture in the process. This aspect is very important because once ingested, the small particles from the toy may induce choking, vomiting and many other gastrointestinal complications. All in all, if your pet is an aggressive chewer, you should consider toys that have been constructed from ultra-durable constituents such as rubber.
Dog sock toy
Apart from the chew meter, another thing that you should always put into contemplation when planning to either build or purchase a play item for your pet is the ratio between the toy and the dog. It is essential for the size of the toy to be directly proportional to the size of the dog. If the size of the play item is smaller when compared to your dog's size, they can be easily swallowed which will eventually lead to unwarranted medical expenses.
Furthermore, before handing a toy to your dog, always ensure that small sized items that may be attached to the item or could be swallowed easily are eliminated before handing the toy to the pet. See our guidelines on the top dog-friendly chew toys that are suitable for your pooch.
Your pet's age also plays a key role when it comes to the selection of an ideal play item. Despite the fact that the desire to chew is usually a natural instinct in all canines, it is usually at its highest point during the developmental stages that are usually between eight weeks and six months. Hence, so as to release the discomfort present in his or her gums, your puppy is going clump onto anything that is chewable.
When searching for an ideal play item for your puppy, you should always ensure that the item of your choice will not be injurious in anyway. Also, toys that have been designed from materials such as plastics must be avoided at all costs. Alternatively, the owner should opt for materials that are going to have a soothing effect on the puppy such as splash balls. Why not see our list of topnotch and cool dog toys that your furry companion might like?
Puppy and homemade dog toy
Homemade edible toys are also another option that homeowners can make for their puppies. Needless to say, edible play items are a good occasional treat for puppies because they play a key role in keeping the pearly white teeth clean. Also, edibles can be used to freshen the puppy's breath and keep him or her interested for a very long time.
While putting all aspects into consideration, there are a wide range of options available for dogs of all ages and all of this preferences can be produced locally without the need for extra costs. Hence, before selecting an ideal toy design for dogs, factors such as the age and the chew meter must also be kept under consideration.
Benefits of homemade toys
Unlike manufactured toys, homemade dog toys are very cheap to make and at times there are no costs involved as long as the dog owner has all the necessary parts required for the assembly process. Most of the necessary materials and toy parts may be obtained easily from various recyclables such as old clothes, plastic bottles, tennis balls and many others. Another benefit of homemade toys is that they are usually easy to make. Hence, you can have as many play items for your pet as you want with very little skills and without any financial restrictions whatsoever.
Needless to say, play items whether purchased or homemade are important because they provide mental stimulation and alleviate separation anxiety. All dog breeds will require some form of mental stimulation if they are to lead a healthy and productive life. Homemade toys can be a great tool for instigating mental stimulation in dogs. Besides, play items can be used to alleviate separation anxiety that is usually common in dogs that may need attention from time to time. Our piece on how to choose the right dog toys to keep Buster preoccupied is a worthwhile read.
Another benefit of homemade toys is that they can be employed as an effective tool when it comes to combating destructive behaviors in dogs. By providing your dog with a play item, he or she is going to use the item as a positive outlet for the unnecessary physical energy. The play items can be used to strengthen the bond between you and the dog because you will be going to spend more time with him or her while having fun. Furthermore, toys are essential in promoting dental health because they can be used as a form of exercise for the jaw muscles.
Finally, homemade toys can be used as a clean-up process because most of the materials used in the assemblage process are mainly recyclables. Because most recyclables often reach a point where they can no longer be useful; assembling a play item for your pet from these materials is indeed a great way of improving the material's life cycle. Also, items such as clothing, once they have been used as a play item they tend to become easily decompose due to the wear and tear effect inflicted on them.
Five homemade toy designs that every dog owner must try out
The whipwhir
The Whipwhir also commonly referred to as the stick and rope toy is undeniably one of the best toy ideas, especially for dogs with high energy levels. Apart from being exceedingly unique the Whipwhir is also very easy to make and will at times require zero budget as long as you have all the necessary materials. Unlike most toys that may be used explicitly either on the inside or the outside, the Whipwir is among the few toys that can be used on both platforms.
But for individuals who will use this toy inside the house it is very indispensable that they should ensure they have more than enough space for the dog to move freely.
For the assembly of this toy, you will be required to have an old broomstick that has a hole drilled on one end. Also, you will also need a six-foot rope or cord and a toy preferably a tennis ball or an old sock. After finding the all the necessary items, you are to begin the assembly process by fastening the rope on one end of the old broomstick preferably the end with a hole. The final huddle of this design, mainly entails tying the toy i.e. sock, braided rugs, and tennis ball on the end of the cord or rope and your toy is good to go.
Like any other toy, the Whipwhir unquestionably has some safety guidelines especially because it is an ideal toy for high energy dogs. While using this toy, there is a possibility of the dog getting injured when it becomes over exuberant. Hence, you are required to ensure that the dog is properly warmed up before you begin any playing session. Also, it is highly prudent that the distance between the ground and the toy should be reasonable. Most sporting dog breeds can benefit from this kind of toy and high-energy activities, so read all about it in our previous article.
Recycled drinking bottle
The recycled drinking bottle toy is one of the easiest toys to make because all it requires is an old drinking bottle and a little bit of effort. This type of toy is a favorite among all dog species because of the cracking and crinkly sound that it produced when chewed on by a dog. Before handing the recycled drinking bottle to the pet, always ensure that the lid, and the ring, which is usually attached to the lid have all been carefully removed.
Furthermore, if your dog


text: World War I…. who would have thought there were original color photos of WWI? There are sites who contains hundreds of photos taken by the French in the last two years of World War One. Although color photography was around prior to 1903, the Lumière brothers, Auguste and Louis, patented the process in 1903 and developed the first color film in 1907. The first experiments with color photography were carried out in 1904 near Lyon in France, where father Lumière owned a photographic factory. In 1907 the Lumière brothers patented the autochrome process they had invented. The French army was the primary source of color photos during the course of World War One. During exposure, the grains of potato starch on each plate acted as millions of tiny filters. The light-sensitive emulsion was then reversal processed into a positive transparency. When viewed, light passes through the emulsion and is filtered to the proper color by the starch grains. The resulting mosaic of glowing dots on glass gives autochromes the look of pointillist paintings. Autochromes were the first true color pictures, and the only industrial color photography process until 1935. Take a look at these great colored photographs from World War I. Enjoy.


Quick Answer: What'S This Song Called?
Can Siri identify songs?
What are female singers called?
Can you hum a song to Shazam?
Shazam is also built-in to Siri, so you could just ask Siri what a song is and she'll tell you. The downside to Shazam is that it requires the original song to identify, so you can't just hum or sing into it, and tagged songs can't be bookmarked for later reference.
How do I get Google to identify a song?
On your phone, touch and hold the Home button or say "Hey Google." Ask "What's this song?" Play a song or hum, whistle, or sing the melody of a song. Hum, whistle, or sing: Google Assistant will identify potential matches for the song.
What is that song App?
ShazamWhen you want to know "what is that song" playing at a bar, club or party, Shazam will identify it for you in a matter of seconds. What's more, you can use it on Android, iPhone, and Windows Mobile phones. The only disadvantage with Shazam is that it doesn't identify tunes by humming.
How can I find a song by humming?
Can Siri identify a song by humming?
Apple Siri and Google Voice Assistant You can activate the voice assistant by saying Siri or OK Google. Then say 'What song is this'. … If you are using a Windows Phone, Microsoft's Cortana can also perform a similar search and help you recognize songs by humming.
Can't find a song I heard?
Use Shazam or MusicID. These are popular apps that analyze sounds and identify songs from their database of recordings. If you've got Shazam on your phone and hear a song you can't identify and don't know anything about, activate the app and hold it toward the audio source and wait for a result.
What are 4 singers called?
A group of four singers or instrumentalists is called a quartet or quartette (French: quatuor, German: Quartett, Italian: quartetto, Spanish: cuarteto, Polish: kwartet). A quartet can also be a composition for four instruments or voices.
What is that song called?
SoundHound can listen to you sing the song you want to identify. SoundHound does pretty much everything Shazam does and even more. Just like Shazam, SoundHound can tell you what song is playing at the tap of a button. But let's say that song you just heard ended before you could whip out your phone and open Shazam.
How do I identify a song?
Google built song identification into the Google search app on Android. Arguably part of Google Now, identifying songs is one of the many "OK Google" voice commands you can use on Android. To identify a song, you can just say "OK Google, what is this song?"—provided you have the OK Google feature enabled.


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Indian and Himalayan Art
Pillared Temple HallMade in Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India, Asia
Artist/maker unknown, India
1919-714Gift of Susan Pepper Gibson, Mary Gibson Henry, and Henry C. Gibson in memory of Adeline Pepper Gibson, 1919
The granite pillars, brackets, and slabs that form this temple hall (mandapa) come from the Madanagopalaswamy Temple, a sixteenth-century building complex in the south Indian city of Madurai. (The complex is dedicated to Krishna, an avatar of the Hindu god Vishnu, and is still used for worship today.) The architectural elements installed here were purchased in 1912 by Adeline Pepper Gibson of Philadelphia while on a visit to Madurai. They are believed to have come primarily from a freestanding hall that once stood in front of the main shrine and was probably dismantled in the mid-nineteenth century.
The eight stone slabs between the pillars' lion brackets depict scenes from the Ramayana, the epic tale of the hero Rama, another avatar of Vishnu. The slabs were originally part of a larger relief series that ran around the inside of the hall and narrated the entire Ramayana. The life-sized figures projecting from the central-aisle pillars are deities and characters from both the Ramayana and another major Hindu text, the Mahabharata. These include Garuda (the bird-man vehicle of Vishnu) and Hanuman (the monkey-general of the Ramayana). A variety of small relief images of divine and human figures also ornament the pillars, including Krishna as a baby, a couple making love, royal donors, and even the temple architect with his measuring stick.
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* Works in the collection are moved off view for many different reasons. Although gallery locations on the website are updated regularly, there is no guarantee that this object will be on display on the day of your visit.


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Evaluate the transfusion patterns associated with preoperative autologous blood donation (PABD) during posterior lumbar spinal surgery.Summary of Background Data.
There is a paucity of evidence in the literature examining the utility of PABD in elective adult lumbar spinal surgery.Methods.
Medical records of 541 patients treated for spinal stenosis between January 1997 and February 2000 were reviewed. Patients were divided into donors (PABD; n = 413) and nondonors (non PABD [NPABD]; n = 128).Results.
Average preoperative hemoglobin (Hb) in the NPABD group was 0.62 units more than in the PABD group (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.30–0.94). For PABD patients, there was a negative correlation (−0.3) between preoperative Hb and number of units donated. PABD patients who donated 1 and 2 units of blood were, respectively, 7.5 and 9 times more likely to be transfused within the first 24 hours than NPABD patients. NPABD patients were 25 times more likely to need a transfusion of allogeneic blood than PABD patients who donated at least 2 units of blood. Autologous donation was an independent predictor of perioperative blood loss (P < 0.05). Patients who donated at least 2 units of blood lost approximately 1.3 units of Hb more than NPABD patients. The odds of wastage for a PABD patient who had a decompression with noninstrumented fusion were 8.64 times that of a PABD patient who had a decompression with instrumented fusion.Conclusion.
Autologous blood donation induced preoperative anemia and resulted in a lower transfusion threshold than allogeneic blood usage. In addition, we found that autologous donation significantly increased blood loss in the preoperative period as measured by Hb lost. Usage of autologous blood was significantly more efficient in patients who underwent instrumented fusion than in patients with less complex surgery.


West Bloomfield Township Public Library
⮜ More Featured Titles
Friends in Our World - Jewish Friends (Kids)
Fiction books featuring Jewish characters, history and culture.
A seder for Grover by Joni Kibort Sussman
Grover attends a traditional Passover seder with his friends Avigail, Big Bird, Cookie Monster, and Moishe.
My first Jewish baby book : almost everything you need to know about being Jewish from afikomen to zayde by Julie Merberg
Introduce little ones to the delicious foods, meaningful rituals, lively holidays, and expressive language of their people. Clever illustrations and simple rhyming text provide a fun first taste of Jewish culture -- Back cover
Barnyard Purim by Kelly Terwilliger
Farmer Max's animals decide to put on a Purim play, directed by Chicken
A tale of two Seders by Mindy Avra Portnoy
After her parents' divorce, a young girl experiences a variety of Passover seders. Includes recipes and facts about Passover
Grover goes to Israel by Joni Kibort Sussman
"Grover leaves Sesame Street for a sightseeing adventure in Israel"--
Letters from Cuba by Ruth Behar
In 1938, eleven-year-old Esther joins her father in tropical, multicultural Cuba, where they toil together to rescue the rest of their Jewish family from persecution in Poland. Includes notes about the author's grandmother, on whom the story is based.
The length of a string by Elissa Brent Weissman
Saving Hanno by Miriam Halahmy
Nine-year-old Rudi and his beloved daschhund, Hanno, face peril as they are being sent from Nazi Germany to England on the special trains called Kindertransports during World War II. Includes historical note.
Searching for Lottie by Susan L Ross
"More than six decades after the end of World War II, twelve-year-old Charlie, a budding musician, searches for clues about her violin-prodigy namesake's fate"--
A place at the table by Saadia Faruqi
Sixth-graders Sara, a Pakistani American, and Elizabeth, a Jewish girl, connect in an after school cooking club and bond over food and their mothers' struggles to become United States citizens.
It rained warm bread : Moishe Moskowitz's Story of Hope by Gloria Moskowitz-Sweet
A fictionalized account of the experiences of a Polish Jew, Moishe, who with his parents, brother, and sister, struggles to survive the Nazi invasion and Holocaust.
Catherine's war by Julia Billet
As France buckles under the Nazi regime, budding photographer Rachel Cohen must change her name, go into hiding, and bear witness to the atrocities of World War II.
A ceiling made of eggshells by Gail Carson Levine
From age seven, Loma relishes traveling with her beloved grandfather across fifteenth-century Spain, working to keep the Jews safe, but soon realizes she must also make sacrifices to help her people. Includes historical notes, recipe, glossary, and a linkto a bibliography.
I Survived the Nazi Invasion, 1944 by Lauren Tarshis
In a Polish ghetto, Max Rosen and his sister, Zena, struggle to live after their father is taken away by Nazis. With barely enough food to survive, the siblings make a daring escape from Nazi soldiers into the nearby forest. Max and Zena are brought to a safe camp by Jewish resistance fighters. But soon, bombs are falling all around them. Can Max and Zena survive the fallout of the Nazi invasion?
A moon for Moe and Mo by Jane Breskin Zalben
Moses Feldman and Mohammed Hassan both live on Flatbush Avenue, but when they meet at the grocery store they quickly become best friends, sharing a picnic while their families prepare for the holidays of Rosh Hashanah and Ramadan.
Honey cake by Joan Betty Stuchner
Lucky broken girl by Ruth Behar
Queen of the Hanukkah dosas by Pamela Ehrenberg
A boy is worried that his little sister's climbing will spoil the first night of Hanukkah, when his family combines his father's Jewish traditions with his mother's East Indian cooking.
Number the stars by Lois Lowry
How I became a spy : a mystery of WWII London by Deborah Hopkinson
In World War II London, a young spy named Bertie, his strong-willed American friend Eleanor, a Jewish refugee named David, and a dog called Little Roo try to prevent a double agent from giving secrets to the Nazis.
Broken strings by Eric Walters
In 2002, Shirli Berman loses her beloved grandmother and lands a part in her junior high production of "Fiddler on the Roof," but when she is doing research in her attic and finds a violin, her Zayde gets incredibly angry.
Yellow star by Jennifer Rozines Roy
From 1939, when Syvia is four and a half years old, to 1945 when she has just turned ten, a Jewish girl and her family struggle to survive in Poland's Lodz ghetto during the Nazi occupation
The hero two doors down : based on the true story of friendship between a boy and a baseball legend by Sharon Robinson
Eight-year-old Steve Satlow is thrilled when Jackie Robinson moves into his Jewish neighborhood in Brooklyn in 1948, although many of his neighbors are not, and when Steve actually meets his hero he is even more excited--and worried that a misunderstanding over a Christmas tree could damage his new friendship.
The truth about my bat mitzvah by Nora Raleigh Baskin
After her beloved grandmother, Nana, dies, non-religious twelve-year-old Caroline becomes curious about her mother's Jewish ancestry
Hidden : a child's story of the Holocaust by Loïc Dauvillier
White bird : A Wonder Story by R Palacio
Tells the story of Julian's Grandmère's childhood as she, a Jewish girl, was hidden by a family in a Nazi-occupied French village during World War II and how the boy she once shunned became her savior and best friend.
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The Orange Bellowsfish (Notopogon fernandezianus) is found in the southwestern Pacific, off southeastern Australia and New Zealand (Glover 1994), and has a limited distribution off southern South America in the southeastern Pacific and southwestern Atlantic between northern Argentina and Uruguay (Duhamel 1995). It occurs at depths of 150 to 580 metres (490 to 1,900 ft). Orange Bellowfish may reach 18 cm in length
( Fishwise, Fishbase)
- Duhamel, G. 1995. Revision of the genera Centriscops and Notopogon, Macroamphosidae from the subtropical/temperate marine belt of the Southern Hemisphere. Cybium 19: 261-303.
- Glover, J.C.M. 1994. The Fishes of Australia's South Coast. State Printer, Adelaide.


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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop the model of knowledge management influence on company performance for further empirical testing of the links between knowledge management practices and processes and organizational performance.
Design/methodology/approach – This study establishes a model for comprehensive analysis of knowledge management's influence on performance and describes the preliminary results gained from the experience of 120 Russian companies. For further testing structural equation modelling and the partial least squares methods are proposed.
Findings – The results of the literature review justify the importance of the study conducting this study in the field of knowledge management and its connection to organizational performance in the developing market of Russia. A theoretical model for future empirical testing is provided and methods suggested for further data analysis and interpretation. The preliminary conclusions are discussed.
Research limitations/implications – The focus on Russian firms limits the generalizability of the results.
The non-response bias is also taken into account for further study.
Practical implications – This pilot study outlines the importance of knowledge management practices and processes for firm performance. The preliminary results will be interesting both for researchers and practitioners in the countries with the developing economies. The final results will provide new insights in understanding and formalizing the portrait of a typical Russian company with regards to knowledge management policies.
Originality/value – Few studies have been published on the knowledge management process within the Russian context. This study is expected to encourage future studies in this field. The present paper fills an important gap in the extant literature by conceptualizing the model for knowledge management performance analysis and proposes empirical testing of the relationship between knowledge management and firm performance in the context of a developing country that will be presented later as the direction for future study. This study is one of the first ever to study these relationships within the Russian context.
Currently, successful business alliances are an important, crucial and one of the key strategic components in many industries and areas of production, industry and business. On the one hand, using the company's strategic alliances can increase and strengthen the competitiveness and market power, increase efficiency by gaining access to new and critical information resources and technical and technological capabilities. However, the issue there is another side of the coin, namely, according to statistics from 30 to 70% of established alliances fiasco. In other words, by alliances, do not meet the objectives of the parent companies and do not provide any competitive or strategic advantage, their success, or rather the failure does not justify the expectations imposed initially. It is important to note that over 50% of cases, the companies have entered into an alliance lost its value on the stock exchange, and some are even very quickly. The totality of the facts set out above leads to the creation of a certain paradox for companies. On the one hand, companies are faced with specific and significant obstacles in order to make the Union a smooth and successful, and on the other hand, they should and must form a larger number of unions than ever before, and have yet to rely more and more on them as a means to enhance their competitiveness, success and growth. In this article a review of the theoretical and methodological aspects of the formation of strategic alliances and presents regional industrial clusters of the Perm region, as a kind of strategic alliance.
The article raises the question of innovations in the field of real estate development in Russian Federation and ways of its potential development are considered.
Introductory paper to the special issue "Innovation Entrepreneurship in Transition Economies"


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Virtaul Hard Disk (VHD) is basically a file format that contains complete structure of a hard disk. It is a virtual machine hard disk that can reside on a native host file system encapsulated within a single file. It is used to store virtual operating systems, their related program files and it acts like a proper hard disk. Now, you won't need any third party tools to create and attach VHD, Windows 7's Disk Management comes with an option to create, attach and detach the Virtual Hard Disks instantly.
To create Virtual Hard Disk in Windows 7 go to Start menu, right click Computer and choose Manage.
Now to create VHD, click Disk Management and choose Action > Create VHD as shown in following screenshot.
A dialogue box will be loaded where you can make necessary settings for creating VHD, specify location, size and virtual hard disk format (it could be dynamically expanding or Fixed size).
Click OK and VHD will be created and it will be displayed in Disk Management along with other disks.
Now the last step is that you will need to attach it in order to make it functional You can do so from Action > Attach VHD, browse and specify the.vhd file which you created in above mentioned step and click OK to attach it to your system.
Thats all, now you can use the virtual disk without any fuss. Enjoy!


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What makes it worst was the fact that anyone New Englander with two working neurons should have heard of the 1942 Cocoanut Grove fire in Boston, especially a club owner and local fire inspectors. The Cocoanut Grove is internationally infamous and is even more applicable to the Brazil fire. Maybe twenty years ago the owners and officials in Brazil could be excused for not considering the lessons of a fire on another continent 50 years prior, but with worldwide news coverage and the internet and the immediate international notoriety of the Station fire and others there is none today. Sadly, the Boston Historical Society's account of the Cocoanut Grove seems to have called it,
The lessons of the Cocoanut Grove are with us every day. Exits blocked or locked, smoking and use of matches, overcrowding, flammable materials within buildings and a lack of sprinklers and smoke detectors. Hardly a person in Boston or New England during the 1940's could be found who did not have a friend or relative who wasn't at the Grove that night, or had planned to go, or had left before the fire started, or wasn't affected by this tragedy. The question then and now is: "Can this happen again"? The answer is yes, it can and will happen again.


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A bullock cart or ox cart is a two-wheeled or four-wheeled vehicle pulled by oxen (draught cattle). It is a means of transportation used since ancient times in many parts of the world. They are still used today where modern vehicles are too expensive or the infrastructure does not favor them.
Used especially for carrying goods, the bullock cart is pulled by one or several oxen (bullocks). The cart (also known as a jinker) is attached to a bullock team by a special chain attached to yokes, but a rope may also be used for one or two animals. The driver and any other passengers sit on the front of the cart, while load is placed in the back. Traditionally the cargo was usually agrarian goods and lumber.
Costa Rica
In Costa Rica, ox carts (carretas in the Spanish language) were an important aspect of the daily life and commerce, especially between 1850 to 1935, developing a unique construction and decoration tradition that is still being developed. Costa Rican parades and traditional celebrations are not complete without a traditional ox cart parade.
In 1988, the traditional ox cart was declared as National Symbol of Work by the Costa Rican government.
In 2005, the "Oxherding and Oxcart Traditions in Costa Rica" were included in UNESCO's Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
In Indonesia, Bullock Carts are commonly used in the rural parts of the country, where it is used for transporting goods and carriages and also people. But it is mostly common in Indonesia that there are Horse Car than Bullock Carts on the streets of Indonesia.
Bullock carts were widely used in Malaysia before the introduction of automobiles, and many are still used today. These included passenger vehicles, now used especially for tourists. Passenger carts are usually equipped with awnings for protection against sun and rain, and are often gaily decorated.
See also
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Ox-drawn carts|


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Research on Academic Degrees
NIAD-UE is engaged in comprehensive research closely related to its role of awarding degrees in a lifelong learning society. Research activities focus on current topics of higher education as well as on various systems available for obtaining of academic degrees, especially non-traditional degree programs. It makes the results of its research widely available so that they will serve as a reference for universities and higher education institutions.
1 ．The Structure and Prerequisites of Academic Degrees in relation to International Compatibility
Student mobility is growing extensive both in and outside the country while the provision of study programs is becoming diversified, as is evidenced by programs offered collaboratively by two or more institutions or through distance learning including e-learning. In this context, it is much more important for the degree-awarding institutions to ensure the academic standards of credits and qualifi cations, as well as the accuracy of any formal transcript or record of achievement confi rming these. NIAD-UE conducts research on themes concerning the comparability and compatibility of academic qualifi cations and credits, focused on higher education in Japan and other countries.
2 ．The Awarding of Academic Degrees through Credit Accumulation and Transfer
In a globalized and lifelong learning society, learning opportunities are becoming increasingly diverse. From this point of view, research is being conducted to fi nd possible measures for the assessment of learning outcomes, awarding of credits, and granting of degrees based on such diverse learning experiences. Moreover, NIAD-UE conducts research and development focused on the course classifi cation support system, which is a system for supporting eff orts to classify subjects for the awarding of academic degrees, using syllabuses in electronic form.
3 ．Follow-up Surveys of NIAD-UE Degree Recipients
NIAD-UE conducts follow-up questionnaire-based surveys among the recipients of its degrees to improve the process in Scheme I under the NIAD-UE degree-awarding system. These periodic surveys target the same cohort and are conducted at different stages, namely at one year and fi ve years after the degrees have been awarded. The questionnaire focuses not only on the recipients learning processes and patterns, but also on their careers after receiving their degrees.
4 ．Workshops and Symposia
NIAD-UE holds workshops that enable and enhance international dialogues on various topics concerning higher education, particularly credits recognition and quality assurance in degree-awarding. In FY2012, NIAD-UE held its first joint workshop with the Hong Kong Council for Accreditation of Academic and Vocational Qualifi cations (HKCAAVQ), with which NIAD-UE has concluded a memorandum of understanding, providing an opportunity for the gathering of information and the exchange of opinions. It also conducted international seminars to discuss the latest higher education policies especially in Japan, Korea and the United States. Since FY2004, NIAD-UE has held regular research conferences to work in partnership with external researchers in the fi eld of higher education on comparative studies of degrees and credit systems in Japan and overseas.


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Calculating Fuel Tank Capacity
If you're curious about your fuel tank capacity, here is a simple formula to determine the size of your gas tank in gallons.
Simply multiply the length, width, and height (L x W x H) of the gas tank, then divide the total by 231. 231 is the number of cubic inches in one gallon of gasoline.
There are other formulas used for cylindrical tank volumes, however, we use this formula because most Jeep gas tanks are rectangular.
One thing to note when calculating fuel tank capacity is that some tanks can hold more volume than advertised, but you should only fill it to the specified limit when you purchased the item.
For Example, a Cherokee XJ tank measuring 33 inches long, 20 inches wide, and 13 inches high will result in a 37-gallon capacity. However, you may see it advertised as a 20-gallon tank. It may also be because the tank has a pan and internal vent within, occupying space that would otherwise be occupied by gas. When determining your Jeep tank volume, you should slowly fill the tank to avoid overfilling.
Refer to our fuel system diagrams to ensure you're getting the right tank and accessories for your restoration project.


Referencing Grid Level Expressions from Advanced Query
Cory Fifield -
Trouble viewing images? Click on images to enlarge.
In this article we cover referencing Grid Level Expressions from Advanced Query.
How does it work?
Expressions are processed at the data grid level, after the query results have been processed and returned from the database. Expressions are then added to the resulting dataset and accessible throughout VDM's controls. If you're using Advanced Query, VDM needs to know where to place the Expressions in the resulting dataset. So you can add an expression to the Grid after you run an Advanced Query, but if they're not added to the Field Selection List in the Advanced Query, VDM doesn't know where to put them.
We don't recommend Grid Level Expressions be used with Advanced Query. We recommend Advanced Queries be used for SQL Scripting only, and additional calculations that need to be performed on the resulting dataset be configured and completed using Calculated Fields in Finished Reports or Visualize.
How to reference grid level expression in Advanced Query
1. Create your Advanced Query and run it.
2. Create the Grid Expressions. Make sure to have the correct datatypes used for the expression.
3. Add the new expression(s) to the select statement in the Advanced Query.
4. Save, run and preview the View with the new expression(s) added to the Advanced Query.
Have more questions? Submit a request


text: Walsh's winning program, "Let's Get Together", is designed to strengthen the math department at Stanton Middle School and help the faculty evolve into 21st century teachers. The program was created to help math teachers at the school collaborate more effectively with one another and the tutors they utilize to help improve students' math skills. Senteos will be used to help students respond to and assess their learning. With the use of a Ladibug projector, teachable moments such as projecting student work and pictures of math manipulatives will be captured. By printing and inserting the projections into student notebooks, the program will also provide parents/guardians with strategies to assist their children with homework. The program will be evaluated by comparing student scores from one year to the next. It will also show the effectiveness of increasing manipulatives and implementing more technology for students. The department will benefit from the program by helping them reach their district goals in math through weekly assessments of their students' comprehension. Walsh, who lives in Northfield, hopes the program will not only increase students' scores and help the school reach its goals, but that it will also foster an environment for students and teachers to collaborate.


How is the donor informed of a scholarship award?
The donor receives an annual scholarship report packet each November that includes:
 - A thank you letter co-signed by the Foundation President and Finance Committee Chair that includes investment performance information and other economic info, a financial report of the fund which includes beginning balance, contributions received, market gains/losses, administrative fee charged, scholarship amount awarded, and an ending balance – as of June 30 of each year, a summary of the scholarship criteria and the names and award amounts for the student recipients
 - A thank you letter from the Chancellor
 - Student thank you letters


text:
The answer to yesterday's question is:
Today's question is:
Writing from left to right is "dextrograde". Writing from right to left is "sinistrograde". What is writing that alternates lines between dextrograde and sinistrograde, the word for which means "as the ox plows"?


text:
Using learning materials that are adult-oriented and relevant to learner goals and needs is important for learner retention. Practitioners should use a wide variety of relevant resources that are geared to adults.
Unfortunately, it can often be hard to find adult-oriented learning materials for low level learners.
Some good resources do exist, however. It is just a matter of knowing where to find them. There are many ways to gather effective learning materials. Community Literacy of Ontario has listed just a few of these ways here.
- Program-based Learning Materials. Your literacy program probably has tried and true learning materials. Other programs have also developed some great material over the years, and most literacy programs are willing to share, so ask around!
- Adapt your own materials. Since all materials should be based on the needs and goals of adult learners, adapt learning materials suited directly to their individual needs. For example, complex documents can be rewritten using plain language. Also, it isn't necessary to tackle an entire document at once. You can work on individual sections. For example, you can use just the table of contents to learn how to locate important information. Or on an application form, you can just focus on the personal information section. Be creative!
- Talk to your regional literacy network. Ontario's regional literacy networks are a wonderful source of information and resources. Most have built up a library of various literacy resources and they are eager to help.
- Talk to other literacy practitioners. Effective learning materials can be shared at regional or provincial meetings and conferences or at Literacy Services Plan meetings. Or, simply call or email your colleagues. Working in a caring profession is useful – literacy practitioners are usually extremely helpful to their colleagues!
- Talk to your local library about what material they have for low level adult readers and suggest reading materials or places to order such resources. Libraries are naturally concerned with public access to books.
- The National Adult Literacy Database (_URL_) provides diverse online resources for learners and practitioners. NALD's resources are easy to find in their searchable online database and these resources are from across Canada and around the world.
- Visit the website of Laubach Literacy Ontario to order learning materials from the highly acclaimed "Voyager", "Challenger" and "Laubach Way to Reading" series. Please visit: _URL_ and click on "Bookstore."
- AlphaRoute is an online literacy learning environment developed by AlphaPlus Centre. AlphaRoute has four separate but virtually linked learning areas, one for each of the four streams of Literacy and Basic Skills delivery agencies in Ontario: Anglophone, Deaf, Native and Francophone. AlphaRoute features a variety of learning exercises for all levels. It allows learners to learn computer skills at the same time as they are enhancing their literacy skills. AlphaRoute is a self-directed learning environment but it can also provide feedback from mentors. Please visit: _URL_
- The Learning Edge is a project of the Wellington County Learning Centre. The Learning Edge is a highly rated online newspaper for adult learners packed with interactive learning activities. Check out: _URL_ The Learning Edge is also available via AlphaRoute.
- As well, computer-based learning on CDs can be valuable for some learners. Try out programs such as "Mavis Beacon Teaches Typing", "Money Matters," "Measuring Up", and the "Everyday Living" software (Math for Everyday Living, How to Write for Everyday Living, How to Read for Everyday Living, etc.). Again, search the Internet and talk to your fellow literacy practitioners to find out your options!
- The Golden Oak Reading Program is another great resource for adult learners. This award is sponsored by the Ontario Library Association and it provides new adult readers with the opportunity to read specially-chosen Canadian books geared to them. They can read the books by themselves, with their tutors, or as part of a reading group. Readers can also share their thoughts in an online discussion. The winning author is chosen based on the ratings given by the readers. The awards are presented in June of each year. For more information, please visit: _URL_
- Grass Roots Press provides a variety of adult literacy resources for practitioners and adult students: _URL_.
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Components overview
Created by Contensis product team, last modified by r.turner on 21 Jul 2020
Components are groups of fields you can add to your content types. A component can be used as single element of a content type, or repeated. For example, an address component is a set of text fields for capturing someone's house number, street name, county, postcode, country, and so on. So, your content type could contain a single address component, or it could use multiple addresses when assigned to a composer field.
Think of components as a set of pre-defined fields that help keep your input types consistent across multiple content types.
As an example, a social component may contain the fields required to generate open graph metadata such as title, description, image, and author. Components are created using the component builder.


text: Carrollton, the seat of Carroll county, is located on the Ohio River at the mouth of the Kentucky River. The area was settled in the late eighteenth century and the town was established in 1794 as Port William, named probably for William Porter, an early settler. Port William was the seat of Gallatin county (formed in 1798) until 1838 when Carroll county was formed. Port William was made the seat of the new county and renamed Carrollton. The Port William post office opened in 1807 and was renamed Carrollton in 1838. The population in 1990 was 3,715.


Let's solve another interval signal mystery!
Last month, we published a post asking SWLing Readers to help Brian (W9IND) identify an elusive interval signal. Turns out, the interval signal belonged to the Voice Mirror of the PTT Habana, Cuba station.
This month, SWLing Post contributor, David Crawford is asking for help to ID another interval signal which likely belongs to a utility station. David writes:
In follow-up to the La Habana utility mystery, here's another one from the same era, 14985 kHz or thereabouts. Somewhere along the line I came to the conclusion that it might be El Salvador, but I don't remember what led to that. The [recording embedded below] isn't my own recording of it.
The tune is composed of individual DTMF tones, and when I was a bored youth I discovered that it could be played on an AT&T desk touch tone phone by pressing two keys at a time to remove the second tone. This one would repeat for hours at a time, interrupted by manually patched telephone calls.
Readers: Can you positively ID this interval signal? If so, please comment!
Spread the radio love
4 thoughts on "Let's solve another interval signal mystery!
 1. Pingback: Dean solves second interval signal mystery | The SWLing Post
 2. Dean Bianco
 Oh, sorry….here is an audio file to verify my claim:
 For whatever reason, I am unable to copy-and-paste the exact url to the audio file, so here's what you do to listen to it:
 1. go to: utilityradio.com
 2. click 'station data'
 3. click 'Europe'
 4. click the 'ear' graphic on the line for Spain
 5. click the 'ear' graphic for CTNE Madrid
 6. click the 'ear' graphic on the third line down the Willi Passmann mid 70's recording.
 7. play!
 3. Dean Bianco
 Hi Everyone,
 Mystery solved!
 This is the "interval signal" (more accurately, a placeholder with a musical station identifier) for the Compañía Telefónica Nacional de España (CTNW) from Madrid, Spain. They were a point-to-point HF radiotelephone terminal that provided overseas telephone and telegraph services in the days before satellites became common. As a young SWL, I would receive all manner of strange musical identifiers for these utility stations. Most of these HF telecommunication services had gone to satellite by the early 1980's. The HF bands were chock-a-block with signals, whether they be broadcast or utility services.
 Glad to help!
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text:
Summary: Under certain conditions a user who accesses a workbook as a Guest user can view data as the publisher of the data.
Vulnerable Versions: Tableau Server 9.0.0 (through 9.0.2)
Conditions: The issue affects Tableau Server when all of the following conditions are true:
- A user has viewed a workbook that includes embedded credentials for the data source.
- The user who published the workbook has permission to view the data.
- The workbook includes user filters or calculations.
- The Guest user is enabled.
Impact: A user who accesses the workbook on Tableau Server as a Guest user can potentially see data that should not be visible to that user.
Resolution: The issue can be fixed by upgrading to the following Tableau Server versions:
Tableau Server 9.0.3
Work around: In the meantime, disable Guest access.
- CVSS v2.0 Base Score: 4.3
- CVSS v2.0 Vector: AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:NFor more information about vectors, see CVSS v2 Vector Definitions on the National Vulnerability Database site.


area of 196 square feet. The area of second tank is twice the area of the first tank, and the area of the third tank is four times the area of the second tank. The area of the third tank is 56 square feet. If the aquarium puts all three tanks on the shelf, how much shelf area will be left over?
7. The Durands are driving 456 miles to the family reunion. If they split the drive equally over three days, how many miles will they drive each day?
8. At the end of a video game tournament, Raul and Martha had both scored twice as many points as Justice. If their total combined points is 285, how many points did each player score?
9. At the lunch counter, Ariana bought a sandwich and lemonade. The sandwich cost five times as much as the lemonade. She paid with $10 and got $2.50 in change. How much did the sandwich cost? How much did the lemonade cost?
10. The area of a playground is 40.5 \ m^2. The width of the playground is half the length. What is the length of the playground?
Directions: Write five of your own problems. Be sure that one uses addition, one uses subtraction, one uses multiplication, one uses division and one uses a pattern that requires a table.
When finished, exchange papers with a friend and solve each other's problems. Then discuss your solutions.
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Press Releases
Chairman Nadler Statement for the Markup of H.R. 3372, the One Stop Shop Community Reentry Program Act of 2021
Washington, D.C. - Today, House Judiciary Committee Chairman Jerrold Nadler (D-NY) delivered the following opening statement, as prepared, during the markup of H.R. 3372, the One Stop Shop Community Reentry Program Act of 2021:
"I am proud to support H.R. 3372, 'The One Stop Shop Community Reentry Program Act of 2021.'
"This bipartisan, bicameral legislation, which passed the Committee and the House last Congress, would authorize grants to community organizations to create centralized reentry intake and coordination centers.
"These centers would serve as the home base for individuals recently released from correctional facilities as they go through the difficult process of rejoining their communities.
"At one stop reentry centers, reentering individuals would be provided personalized, step-by-step assistance to access the resources—both public and private—that are needed to successfully integrate back into their communities.
"At the one stop center, reentering individuals would be given assistance at every step of the way—from the moment they are released until they have the capability to fully rejoin their communities.
"This important legislation recognizes that a comprehensive reentry approach is needed to improve reentry outcomes, which ultimately has the effect of improving public safety.
"The bill adopts a 'whole person' approach that would ensure that all elements of a returning individual's life are supported. This includes transportation to and from appointments, temporary housing, assistance applying for benefits, and job training.
"Additionally, for those who have formal reentry plans, the one stop community reentry centers proposed by this bill would also provide case management and wrap-around support.
"The challenges faced by individuals returning from prison are great, and they warrant the type of support the One Stop Community Reentry Program Act would authorize.
"Unfortunately, the reentry support services that many prisoners receive while incarcerated do not sufficiently prepare them for the transition back to their communities.
"Many incarcerated individuals also have preexisting conditions that make reentry even more difficult. Physical disabilities, mental health concerns, and substance abuse issues further complicate reentry plans and additional support, like those detailed in H.R. 3372, are needed to promote successful outcomes.
"Specialists employed at one stop centers can build relationships with providers, private groups, religious organizations, and public agencies to build networks of support that will help returning individuals get the care and support they need to succeed.
"Inadequate reentry support leads to recidivism and unnecessary financial strain on the community. Both the shortand long-term costs associated with incarceration pale in comparison against the minimal front-end costs associated with a successful reentry.
"Of the few studies that have assessed the effectiveness of reentry services, a number have found that more robust and comprehensive reentry services are better at reducing recidivism and promoting the long-term success of reentering individuals.
"This bill offers greater opportunities for success for individuals returning from prison, as well as their communities.
"I thank Representative Bass, Representative Reschenthaler, and their bipartisan cosponsors, for introducing this important legislation again, and I urge my colleagues to join me in supporting the bill."
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The dances of the English court were heavily influenced by what was happening in Europe at the time, particularly in France and Italy. Performances are based on carefully researched dance and music manuals of the period. Passamezzo Early Dance takes its name from the 'Passamezzo' - a typical 16th century Italian dance.
The dances are performed in lavish period costumes that have been thoroughly researched from primary sources. The fabrics, styles and even the underwear are as historically correct as possible. The overall effect is to bring the Renaissance to life.
Recent example shown here is a Torch Dance performed at Leominster Priory as part of a re-enactment of a Tudor masque.
The Passamezzo Early Dancers are often accompanied by the Border Waites, a five-part ensemble based on the municipal town bands common all over Europe between the 15th and 18th centuries. Their members are drawn from principle theatres and early-music ensembles including The Royal Shakespeare Theatre, The Globe Theatre, The Corelli Orchestra, The King's Consort & The Gabrieli Players.