In Limble it is possible to share tasks with vendors or other people outside of your organization. This article will show you how to do that and teach you how the process works.
Share Task With Vendor
In the upper right corner of a task you will see a "Share" button. When you click it, a drop down menu will appear. Select the option to "Share Task Externally."
Next, you will need to choose a person or vendor to share the Task with. If you already have added your vendors to Limble you can select the green "Pick Vendor" button to select a vendor. (Click here to learn how to add vendors.) If you do not have the vendor added to Limble you can type their email in the field labeled "To:". The benefit of having your vendors entered into Limble is that all of their past tasks will be organized and you'll be able to look up their history.
Once you select the "Share Task" button, the Vendor will receive an email with a link to the task. When they click the link, a browser page will open and it will contain the task as if they were a Limble user at your organization. They will be able to follow the instructions on the task and complete them. They can also upload the invoice for their services. However, they will not be able to see anything else on your Limble account.
When the Vendor selects the "Finish" button, they will be logged out of the Limble task and the person who assigned the Task will be notified so they can review the work performed by the vendor.
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is it possible to use hillshade function in ArcMap to calculate shadow areas of buildings or simulate shadows of buildings, using DSM of the buildings and the sun angle and azimuth?
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Please edit your first question if you need to change something. If you just want to add the tags, don't worry because I have done that for you. – Nathan W Nov 10 '10 at 12:52
Also possible duplicate of math.stackexchange.com/questions/9683/… – Gareth Rees Nov 10 '10 at 12:59
And possible duplicate of programmers.stackexchange.com/questions/18086/… – Jaime Soto Nov 10 '10 at 14:13
6 Answers 6
ArcGIS claims to be able to do this at 10 with new 3D Analyst tools: Virtual City Template Enables 3D City Modeling. I say claims because I haven't personally used these tools yet. Here's the documentation for the tool discussed in that article: How Skyline Barrier (3D Analyst) works
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hi how about trying to use sketchup?
i did not do it so if you do let us know how it went
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What you are trying to do is usually called'solar envelope computation'. This paper present a method to compute it:
Eugenio Morello, Carlo Ratti, Sunscapes: 'Solar envelopes' and the analysis of urban DEMs, Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, Volume 33, Issue 1, January 2009, Pages 26-34, ISSN 0198-9715, DOI: 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2008.09.005.
Solar envelope computation seems far more complex and different than hill shading. Hill shading usually only uses the orientation, and do not fully model light rays propagation.
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Sketchup works great. You can define all kinds of settings and create time-lapse animations. Using ArcGIS, you can convert DSM to TIN then TIN to Multipatch and COLLADA and load into SketchUp.
In fact back in 2006 even ESRI was acknowledging the SketchUp was the tools for this: Quoting "Users can rapidly develop three-dimensional models that are georeferenced, animate scenes, and produce shadow casting studies for proposed building."
Take a look at the article: _URL_ It only applies to ArcGIS version 9.3.1 and older as this is the last version where the SketchUp6 plugin can be installed. In fact, for your purposes (DSM) it would probably be easier to use the plugin to convert the TIN surface to SketchUp then the new way which requires a few more steps. (The benefit of using the older version is that you can also export vector features (polylines, polygons, points) from ArcGIS to SketchUp whereas in version 10 this is not possible)
As was already mentioned in the previous similar post, ESRI claims to have similar functionality but I have not tried the tools personally.
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Hello swingley,eliavs and jukub thanks for your suggestions, but i think none of your suggestions will get me the right results. perhaps you didn't get the question so i refer you to this article:a-a-r-s.org/acrs/proceeding/ACRS2002/Papers/VHR02-2.pdf. for you to get the picture. At page 3, section 3.2 Shadow simulation: this not so much to read, only a few sentence and figure 5. "Shadow simulation image" depicts exactly what i intended to achieve. perhaps, if anyone has experience solving such a task would be grateful if you could explain a little bit for me. thanks in advance. – Yudine Nov 11 '10 at 13:37
The actual answer to your initial question is no. You cannot use the hillshade function to obtain the shadows. Personally I don't have a very high option of the paper you mention; Aside from the numerous items that just don't make sense, the purpose is to recover information hidden in the shadow areas? Why not use an image taken from a different angle, time of day, etc. I disagree that none of our suggestions will give you the results depicted in figure 5. I will add another answer with some quick sketchup screen captures. – Jakub Nov 11 '10 at 14:56
"but i think none of your suggestions will get me the right results."
I still think you should consider the new ESRI tools or Sketchup. As for Sketchup, you can customize what object cast shadows on what objects. If you just want the shadows themselves -> view model in plan view and un-check perspective -> then paint model white on white background and in Style dialog turn off edges. See below for 2 examples of this; 1: buildings, 2: terrain. You can export this to tiff, import into ArcGIS or other GIS, georeference, classify, convert to polygons if need be.
alt text
alt text
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Hello jukub, i really did not mean that... I just want to thank you....you've made my day. – Yudine Nov 11 '10 at 17:20
Not in Arcgis, but the free SAGA GIS can calculate the shade of objects in a digital surface model: _URL_ Use the analytical hillshading method with the ray-tracing option. All values >90 degrees (>1.56 radians) are shadows (black in the sample figure below). alt text
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Merannah - Meaning of Merannah
What does Merannah mean?
[ syll. me-ran-nah, mer-ann-ah ] The baby girl name Merannah is pronounced as M-erAEN-AH- †. The origin of Merannah is the English-American language. Merannah is a variation of the name Merana.
See also the related categories, english and american.
Baby names that sound like Merannah include Merana, Meranah, Meranna, Mairina, Mariena, Marienka (Czech), Marinka (Russian), Marnea, Marnia, Marnisha, Marrina, Maurina, Meirna, Merina, Mernah, Meroma, Merona, Meronna, Merrona, and Mirana (Spanish).
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Supreme Court to Hear Case on Environmental Cleanup Costs
By | January 26, 2007
The U.S. Supreme Court has agreed to tackle an environmental case that could clarify when companies which have incurred industrial cleanup costs can seek to force the government or other companies to share the costs.
Atlantic Research Corp., a privately held company, is asking the Supreme Court to rule that it can recover cleanup costs from the federal government — potentially millions of dollars. If it prevails, other companies could recover millions of dollars in cleanup costs from the federal or state governments.
For example, chemical giant DuPont Co. and oil and gas producer ConocoPhillips have a suit pending before the Supreme Court, asking that the federal government share the costs of cleaning up 15 sites the companies own but that the government once owned or controlled.
At issue is whether companies can sue other potentially liable parties, including the government, to recover costs under the so-called "Superfund" law before they are found liable under the terms of the law.
Atlantic Research retrofitted rocket motors under contract with the United States from 1981 to 1986 at an industrial park in Camden, Arkansas, according to court filings. The company sued the federal government in 2002, seeking to recover costs for the park's cleanup due to its rocket propellant contamination.
A district court sided with the government, but the 8th Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that Atlantic could proceed with its suit even though it had not been found liable under Superfund law.
In a 2004 case, Cooper Industries v. Aviall Services, the court found that companies could only seek to recover costs from other parties if they had reached a settlement with federal or state authorities under Superfund.
But the court left open the question whether a company could seek to recover costs from other parties if it did a voluntary cleanup.
Three federal appeals courts have issued split decisions since the Supreme Court's Cooper ruling. The Bush administration urged the court to accept the DuPont and Atlantic Research cases in order to resolve the split.
While the justices agreed to accept only the Atlantic Research case, that ruling will likely shape the outcome of the DuPont and ConocoPhillips suit.
In that case, DuPont and ConocoPhillips filed suit against the government in 1997 to recover a portion of the cost of cleaning up 15 polluted industrial sites that the government had once owned or controlled during World War II.
At one of those sites, DuPont spent $24 million in cleanup costs by July 2000. But the government argued that since the companies performed the cleanup under other state and federal environmental rules, rather than Superfund, the cleanups were "voluntary" and the companies had no basis for recovering costs.
Unlike the 8th Circuit, the 3rd Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals sided with the federal government.
The Justice Department's Solicitor General, the federal government's lawyer, urged the Supreme Court to take the Atlantic case to resolve the lower court conflict.
The case is United States v. Atlantic Research Corp., 06-562.
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Representative Plants Used as Natural Dye in Okinawa
The vegetation nurtured by the soil of Okinawa provides its power to create natural dyes to give our threads various shades of Okinawan colors.
annatonionsuouyamamomoseiyouakanefukugigoolenicotiilyamamomo ex
- Hues of Blue:
Ryukyu Ai (Ryukyu Indigo)
The stems and leaves of the plant are clipped between summer and autumn, and indigo paste, or mud-indigo known as doro-ai, is produced and used as dye. In the past, the Ryukyu indigo plants were cultivated in various regions throughout Okinawa, but presently, these native species of plants are mostly grown in the northern region of Okinawa Island, in the Izumi area of Motobu town. Okinawa's own distilled spirit, awamori, as well as starch syrup and alkaline agents are naturally fermented with the Ryukyu indigo in special bottles.
- Hues of Yellow:
Fukugi (Garcinias)
Fukugi plants are planted as protective hedges, to shield seaside homes from the salty winds and tides. Its bark, branches and leaves are used to produce the dyes.
- Hues of Reddish-Brown:
Okinawa Saru-tori-ibara (Smilax china var. kuru)
The name derives from the thorns on the stems of the plant, where monkeys (saru) get caught. The round fruit is approximately 1cm in diameter and ripens to a bright red color. Auburn dye is made from the extracts from the plant's underground stems.
Sharinbai (Yeddo Hawthorn; Rhaphiolepis indica var. umbellate)
The tips of the branches of this fragrant plant are full of blooming white flowers and the fruit ripens to a blackish-purple color. The bark, stem and roots have high tannin content.
- Other:
Getto (Pink Porcelain Lilies, Shell Ginger, Shell Flowers; Alpinia zerumbet)
In Okinawa, the leaves are used to wrap mochi, or sticky rice cakes, for the traditional event called Muchi which is held on December 8th of the lunar calendar. Muchi is an event where locals pray for the well-being of their children and other family members. The plant, with its distinctive fragrance, is also used to produce essential oils.
From the collection and processing of natural fibers which are extracted from plants to make the dyes, to the weaving itself, every step of the creation of Chibana-Hanaori is done completely by hand.
◆ The Dyeing Process
- Ryukyu indigo and awamori are combined,mixed
 and naturally fermented.
- The threads are dyed numerous times.
- Ryukyu indigo in the fermentation stage.
The plants that are used to make the dyes for Chibana-Hanaori are collected in the woods in the area, including those in the Chibana Gusuku castle ruins, which still remains in this district.


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King Arthur and His Knights Scan
You This is a representation of Howard Pyle's The Story of King Arthur and His Knights, Book 3 the Winning of a Queen. That is the Story of how King Arthur gained the hand of Queen Guenivere. The representation of the Round Table represents The Round Table which was the dowry of Queen Guenivere. The fake lance represents the jousts that King Arthur had to win Queen Guenivere. The crossed swords represent the battle he had against a duke that was assulting the city of Cameliard, Queen Guenivere home. The map of Britan represents where this story took place. The crown represents King Arthurs royalty and the heart symbolizes his love of Queen Guenivere.
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source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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This small ceramic figurine, which shows signs of use and wear, was most likely a child's toy. The little cradle holds a male infant, with chubby limbs and ringlets on his head. He lies on a mattress or blanket, clutching a small dog to his right side, its neck tucked in the crook of his [...]
Elizabeth Dowdle is a senior at the Johns Hopkins University, graduating with degrees in the History of Science and Technology as well as Museums and Society. She will attend George Washington University in Fall, 2011 to earn a Masters Degree in Museum Studies, concentrating in Collections Management and Classics.
This delicate ivory comb, small enough to fit into the palm of one's hand, features two different sets of teeth, one noticeably broader and more widely spaced than the other, making it an ideal instrument for grooming both fine and coarse sections of hair. Because of its small size, it might also have been used [...]
The circumference of this gold ring is too small to fit an adult finger. It was, therefore, most likely made for a child. The ring's gold band expands to create a bezel that supports a gold phallus in relief. For the Romans, this image of a phallus on a child's ring was meant to protect [...]


December 4, 2017 - How to Mess Up Your Opponent When Forced to Make a Weak Shot
No matter how much you train you will sometimes find yourself out of position and having to reach or lunge for a shot. It's not something you want to do; it's something you have to do in those hopefully not-too-often situations. Most players understand the importance of trying to keep the ball at least low in these situations. But there's a lot more you can do to win the point.
Just getting the ball back weakly might work at the lowest levels, but it doesn't work beyond that. Instead, you need to do something to make the shot tricky for the opponent so that he doesn't have an easy winner. Here are five ways to make the opponent uncomfortable. Some players will automatically argue that they are just trying to keep the ball in play and can't do any of these, but that's because they haven't tried and are still thinking like a beginner.
 1. Depth. By keeping the ball deep you keep the opponent farther away from his target (your side of the table) so that he's more likely to miss, you give yourself more time to react to his shot, and you cut off the extreme angles the opponent can attack to. That's a triple whammy.
 2. Angled placement. Even if you are reaching or lunging, you can aim your paddle to a wide corner, forcing your opponent to move and thereby increasing his chances of a mistake.
 3. Last-second change of direction. If you aim for one extreme angle, the opponent will likely move in that direction, and then, at the last second, you can go the other way, completely messing him up. Often this means aiming crosscourt, then going down the line.
 4. Spin. Even when lunging you can spin the ball. Putting a good topspin on the ball can be tricky for some, but even when reaching or lunging for the ball you can give the ball a good backspin. You can even put some sidespin on the ball. In some situations you can even let the ball drop below table level (where the opponent might not even see your contact) and sidespin the ball back, perhaps even faking the opposite sidespin after contact, which can catch the opponent off guard.
 5. Heavy no-spin. If you fake backspin but just meet the ball so it has little or no spin, you'll be surprised how many players lift it right off the table.


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Fluid mixing in growing microscale vesicles conjugated by surfactant nanotubes
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2005
This work addresses novel means for controlled mixing and reaction initiation in biomimetic confined compartments having volume elements in the range of 10-12 to 10-15 L. The method is based on mixing fluids using a two-site injection scheme into growing surfactant vesicles. A solid-state injection needle is inserted into a micrometer-sized vesicle (radius 5-25 μm), and by pulling on the needle, we create a nanoscale surfactant channel connecting injection needle and the vesicle. Injection of a solvent A from the needle into the nanotube results in the formation of a growing daughter vesicle at the tip of the needle in which mixing takes place. The growth of the daughter vesicle requires a flow of surfactants in the nanotube that generates a flow of solvent B inside the nanotube which is counterdirectional to the pressure-injected solvent. The volume ratio ψ between solvent A and B inside the mixing vesicle was analyzed and found to depend only on geometrical quantities. The majority of fluid injected to the growing daughter vesicle comes from the pressure-based injection, and for a micrometer-sized vesicle it dominates. For the formation of one daughter vesicle (conjugated with a 100-nm radius tube) expanded from 1 to 200 μm in radius, the mixing ratios cover almost 3 orders of magnitude. We show that the system can be expanded to linear strings of nanotube-conjugated vesicles that display exponential dilution. Mixing ratios spanning 6 orders of magnitude were obtained in strings of three nanotube-conjugated micrometer-sized daughter vesicles.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


How the Autism Success Formula can help you
How it can help you?
Our Coaching for Independent Achievement and Opportunities (CIAO) package focuses on a potential employees strengths but will also demonstrate for Line Managers and work colleagues how to cope and manage their struggles not only in their workplace but also in social life at work.
A happy workforce is a well motivated workforce so social life is a key area in developing a young person into a thriving young member of society. They key to all of this is sustainability and profitability, making sure the changes that are put into place last and succeed.


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In some cases, it can cost a youth and families more to go through the juvenile court system than to cover the cost of attendance at the University of Michigan School of Law or Michigan State University.
This report is the product of the National Juvenile Defender Center's year-long assessment of Michigan's juvenile court system. The authors discuss the accessibility and quality of representation, the juvenile court system's lack of funding and oversight from the state, and the ways youth experience injustice based on economic disparities. The report concludes by outlining the steps Michigan is taking to improve its juvenile justice system and recommendations for additional reform.
You can read the full text of the report here.
- Requiring youth and families to pay for constitutionally-required defense creates barriers to representation and may discourage the appointment of counsel, or result in the termination of counsel prematurely or the creation of conflicts of interests for attorneys.
- Courts may add late fees, garnish wages, or impose bench warrants, tax intercepts, and collection from government benefits to compel payment. Once assessed, debt collection continues indefinitely, burdening youth and families unless the court takes action to provide relief.
- The juvenile delinquency courts that track income information on youth involved in the juvenile justice system reported that 60 percent of those youth and families were on public assistance or made less than $20,000. Another 20 percent of youth and families had an income level of less than $30,000.
- Even when bail conditions are met, bail payments may not be returned to the parent or guardian, but instead may be applied to reimbursement costs or other court fines and fees.
- Ensure that cash bail does not prevent youth from gaining pretrial release.
- Eliminate or substantially reduce juvenile court fines and fees.
- Ensure adequate funding to support an effective system of juvenile defense services.
- Eliminate reimbursement fees that youth and families pay for representation.


You are viewing documentation for Kubernetes version: v1.18
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In robotics and automation, a control loop is a non-terminating loop that regulates the state of a system.
Here is one example of a control loop: a thermostat in a room.
When you set the temperature, that's telling the thermostat about your desired state. The actual room temperature is the current state. The thermostat acts to bring the current state closer to the desired state, by turning equipment on or off.
In Kubernetes, controllers are control loops that watch the state of your clusterA set of worker machines, called nodes, that run containerized applications. Every cluster has at least one worker node., then make or request changes where needed. Each controller tries to move the current cluster state closer to the desired state.
Controller pattern
A controller tracks at least one Kubernetes resource type. These objects have a spec field that represents the desired state. The controller(s) for that resource are responsible for making the current state come closer to that desired state.
The controller might carry the action out itself; more commonly, in Kubernetes, a controller will send messages to the API serverControl plane component that serves the Kubernetes API. that have useful side effects. You'll see examples of this below.
Control via API server
The JobA finite or batch task that runs to completion. controller is an example of a Kubernetes built-in controller. Built-in controllers manage state by interacting with the cluster API server.
Job is a Kubernetes resource that runs a PodA Pod represents a set of running containers in your cluster., or perhaps several Pods, to carry out a task and then stop.
(Once scheduled, Pod objects become part of the desired state for a kubelet).
When the Job controller sees a new task it makes sure that, somewhere in your cluster, the kubelets on a set of Nodes are running the right number of Pods to get the work done. The Job controller does not run any Pods or containers itself. Instead, the Job controller tells the API server to create or remove Pods. Other components in the control planeThe container orchestration layer that exposes the API and interfaces to define, deploy, and manage the lifecycle of containers. act on the new information (there are new Pods to schedule and run), and eventually the work is done.
After you create a new Job, the desired state is for that Job to be completed. The Job controller makes the current state for that Job be nearer to your desired state: creating Pods that do the work you wanted for that Job, so that the Job is closer to completion.
Controllers also update the objects that configure them. For example: once the work is done for a Job, the Job controller updates that Job object to mark it Finished.
(This is a bit like how some thermostats turn a light off to indicate that your room is now at the temperature you set).
Direct control
By contrast with Job, some controllers need to make changes to things outside of your cluster.
For example, if you use a control loop to make sure there are enough NodesA node is a worker machine in Kubernetes. in your cluster, then that controller needs something outside the current cluster to set up new Nodes when needed.
Controllers that interact with external state find their desired state from the API server, then communicate directly with an external system to bring the current state closer in line.
(There actually is a controller that horizontally scales the nodes in your cluster. See Cluster autoscaling).
Desired versus current state
Kubernetes takes a cloud-native view of systems, and is able to handle constant change.
Your cluster could be changing at any point as work happens and control loops automatically fix failures. This means that, potentially, your cluster never reaches a stable state.
As long as the controllers for your cluster are running and able to make useful changes, it doesn't matter if the overall state is or is not stable.
As a tenet of its design, Kubernetes uses lots of controllers that each manage a particular aspect of cluster state. Most commonly, a particular control loop (controller) uses one kind of resource as its desired state, and has a different kind of resource that it manages to make that desired state happen. For example, a controller for Jobs tracks Job objects (to discover new work) and Pod objects (to run the Jobs, and then to see when the work is finished). In this case something else creates the Jobs, whereas the Job controller creates Pods.
It's useful to have simple controllers rather than one, monolithic set of control loops that are interlinked. Controllers can fail, so Kubernetes is designed to allow for that.
There can be several controllers that create or update the same kind of object. Behind the scenes, Kubernetes controllers make sure that they only pay attention to the resources linked to their controlling resource.
For example, you can have Deployments and Jobs; these both create Pods. The Job controller does not delete the Pods that your Deployment created, because there is information (labelsTags objects with identifying attributes that are meaningful and relevant to users. ) the controllers can use to tell those Pods apart.
Ways of running controllers
Kubernetes comes with a set of built-in controllers that run inside the kube-controller-managerControl Plane component that runs controller processes.. These built-in controllers provide important core behaviors.
The Deployment controller and Job controller are examples of controllers that come as part of Kubernetes itself ("built-in" controllers). Kubernetes lets you run a resilient control plane, so that if any of the built-in controllers were to fail, another part of the control plane will take over the work.
You can find controllers that run outside the control plane, to extend Kubernetes. Or, if you want, you can write a new controller yourself. You can run your own controller as a set of Pods, or externally to Kubernetes. What fits best will depend on what that particular controller does.
What's next


What is Erasmus Mundus?
The origin of the University of Zaragoza dates back from the 16th century and it was officially founded in 1583. Today University of Zaragoza is one of the 50 public universities in Spain, is located in the AragonZaragoza (capital), Huesca and Teruel where the 20 Faculties and technical schools are distributed in several campuses. The University of Zaragoza currently has over 3200 professors and researchers (55% permanent), 1700 (80% permanent) personal for administrative services and laboratory technicians. There are over 30000 students, in the academic year 07/08, 1865 where PhD students and in that course 197 thesis where defended, 74 of them corresponding to science and engineering. The University of Zaragoza is the main centre of technological innovation in the Ebro Valley, research in science and engineering which is carried out in the Faculty of Science and the Politechnical School of Engineering, and two university institutes of research; the Aragon Institute for Engineering Research, I3A and the Institute of Nanoscience of Aragon INA.
You are here: Home What is Erasmus Mundus? Organisation Partners Universidad de Zaragoza


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Three set of test procedures are used: the first only inserts n random integers into the tree / hash table. The second test first inserts n random integers, then performs n lookups for those integers and finally erases all n integers. The last test only performs n lookups on a tree pre-filled with n integers. All lookups are successful.
These three test sequences are preformed for n from 125 to 4,096,000 where n is doubled after each test run. For each n the test cycles are run until in total 8,192,000 items were inserted / lookuped. This way the measured speed for small n is averaged over up to 65,536 sample runs.
Lastly it is purpose of the test to determine a good node size for the B+ tree. Therefore the test runs are performed on different slot sizes; both inner and leaf nodes hold the same number of items. The number of slots tested ranges from 4 to 256 slots and therefore yields node sizes from about 50 to 2,048 bytes. This requires that the B+ tree template is instantiated for each of the probed node sizes!
The speed test source code is compiled with g++ 4.1.2 -O3 -fomit-frame-pointer
The results are be displayed below using gnuplot. All tests were run on a Pentium4 3.2 GHz with 2 GB RAM. A high-resolution PDF plot of the following images can be found in the package at speedtest/speedtest.pdf
The first two plots above show the absolute time measured for inserting n items into seven different tree variants. For small n (the first plot) the speed of red-black tree and B+ tree are very similar. For large n the red-black tree slows down, and for n > 1,024,000 items the red-black tree requires almost twice as much time as a B+ tree with 32 slots. The STL hash table performs better than the STL map but not as good as the B+ tree implementations with higher slot counts.
The next plot shows the insertion time per item, which is calculated by dividing the absolute time by the number of inserted items. Notice that insertion time is now in microseconds. The plot shows that the red-black tree reaches some limitation at about n = 16,000 items. Beyond this item count the B+ tree (with 32 slots) performs much better than the STL multiset. The STL hash table resizes itself in defined intervals, which leads to non-linearly increasing insert times.
The last plots goal is to find the best node size for the B+ tree. It displays the total measured time of the insertion test depending on the number of slots in inner and leaf nodes. Only runs with more than 1 million inserted items are plotted. One can see that the minimum is around 65 slots for each of the curves. However to reduce unused memory in the nodes the most practical slot size is around 35. This amounts to total node sizes of about 280 bytes. Thus in the implementation a target size of 256 bytes was chosen.
The following two plots show the same aspects as above, except that not only insertion time was measured. Instead in the first plot a whole insert/find/delete cycle was performed and measured. The second plot is restricted to the lookup / find part.
The results for the trees are in general accordance to those of only insertion. However the hash table implementation performs much faster in both tests. This is expected, because hash table lookup (and deletion) requires fewer memory accesses than tree traversal. Thus a hash table implementation will always be faster than trees. But of course hash tables do not store items in sorted order. Interestingly the hash table's performance is not linear in the number of items: it's peak performance is not with small number of items, but with around 10,000 items. And for item counts larger than 100,000 the hash table slows down: lookup time more than doubles. However, after doubling, the lookup time does not change much: lookup on tables with 1 million items takes approximately the same time as with 4 million items.


This organization shall be known as the Environmental Law Society as established by these Bylaws.
The Environmental Law Society shall promote awareness and participation in environmental issues and activities on campus and in the community to influence the law, public policy, legislation, and justice; to improve the environmental policies of Willamette University College of Law; to promote environmental careers, practices, and scholarship; to provide opportunities for advocacy of environmental issues.
Environmental Law Society membership shall be open to all Willamette Law students and shall not be restricted on the basis of gender, race, religion, color, sex, national origin, marital status, sexual orientation, or age. Attendance at more than one general meeting or event shall constitute active membership.
Officers; Duties.
The officers for the Society shall be a Chair or Co-Chairs, hereinafter Chair, Vice Chair, Secretary, and Treasurer. The offices of Chair and Treasurer shall be filled at the first meeting in April of each year. The offices of Vice Chair and Secretary shall be filled at the first meeting in April of each year provided there is sufficient membership. All officers shall remain in good standing with the Society by remaining a full-time law student and regularly attending meetings.
Section 1. Chair.
The Chair shall be responsible for the efficient administration and operation of the Society, act as the chief spokesperson for the Society, serve as the chairperson of the Executive Board; and preside over the official meetings of the Society and the Executive Board.
Section 2. Vice Chair.
The Vice Chair shall serve in the Co-Director's stead as necessary, assist the Chair in performing other duties, and assist in general operations of the Society.
Section 3. Secretary.
The Secretary shall take the minutes of the Executive Board and official Society meetings, post notices of forthcoming meetings, agendas, and the events of the Society, maintain a current roster of membership, and maintain the organizations files.
Section 4. Treasurer.
The Treasurer shall present the proposed ELS budget to the Student Body Association, hereinafter SBA, by the deadline designated by the SBA. In addition, the Treasurer shall maintain the Society's financial records and accounts, disburse funds in accordance with the determinations of the Executive Board, prepare all financial forms, and make an audit at the end of year disclosing available funds for the following year.
Election Procedures.
A majority of the Executive Board shall comprise a quorum for the conduct of business, and the concurrence of a majority of the Society members present shall be required to elect the officers and decide any matter. The Chair may not initiate a motion to nominate, but may second said motion. The Chair shall vote on each nomination after the question is called. However, in the event the Chair's vote shall create a tie, the Chair shall refrain from voting.
Term of Office; Vacancy.
Section 1. Term of Office.
The term of office for each position shall be for one year beginning in April at the Election Meeting.
Section 2. Vacancy.
If the Chair or Treasurer position becomes vacant a meeting shall be called to elect a successor to finish out the remainder of the term. If the Vice Chair or Secretary position becomes vacant a meeting shall be called to fill the position at the discretion of the Executive Board.
Officers shall regularly attend meetings of the Society and any meetings of the subcommittees to which they are a member. Any officer failing to attend two consecutive Society meetings without notifying the Executive Board members is presumed to be in nonperformance of duty and the position shall be deemed resigned and vacant.
Executive Board.
Section 1. Composition.
The officers of the Society shall make up the Executive Board.
Section 2. Purpose.
The Executive Board is the legal entity charged with the management and responsibility of the Society. The Board shall establish the objectives of the organization and determine the policy for the development of such objectives. The Board shall have authority to adopt rules for appointment of officers and the frequency and conduct of its meetings.
The Executive Board shall have the power to create subcommittees with such responsibilities as the Board directs. The Chair shall appoint a chair of the subcommittee and charge each subcommittee with its responsibilities. The subcommittee chair shall be responsible for scheduling meetings, assigning specific tasks within the mandate of the subcommittee, and reporting to the Executive Board concerning the work of the subcommittee.
Section 1. Regular Meetings.
The Society shall hold a general membership meeting at least three times per school year. The time and day for each meeting shall be chosen to minimize conflicts with regularly scheduled classes. Notice of the meetings shall be given by email or posting on the law school board a minimum of five days prior to the scheduled meeting. A majority of the Executive Board shall comprise a quorum for the conduct of business, and the concurrence of a majority of the Society members present shall be required to decide any matter.
Section 2. Special Meetings.
Special meetings may be called by the Chair or by the Executive Board by giving Society members written or verbal notice at least 24 hours before the scheduled meeting.
Section 3. Executive Board.
Meetings of the Executive Board may be convened electronically. The regular business of the Executive Board may be accomplished via meetings where a physical majority of Executive Board members are not present as long as a quorum exists. A quorum is met as long as a majority of Executive Board members are able to see or hear the deliberations and register their vote.
Rules of Order.
The rules contained in Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised shall generally govern the Society if they are not inconsistent with these bylaws or Willamette College of Law policies.
These bylaws may be amended at any regular meeting of the Society by a majority of the Society members present, provided that the amendment has been submitted in writing to the Executive Board, and advertised as an agenda item for which a vote will take place at the next scheduled meeting. These by-laws may be amended by the Executive Board upon its own motion. Prior to an amendment, the Executive Board may request a recommendation from Society Members.


Everything DiSC
Productive Conflict
Carolina Training & Assessments
Conflict is inevitable. Why not turn it into an engine of productivity and
Productive Conflict Resolution®
Everything DiSC Productive Conflict helps build self-awareness around conflict behaviors, improving relationships and driving results.
Conflict Assessment Principles
Productive Conflict is built around five cornerstone principles:
 1. Conflict is inevitable, but can be productive.
 2. Conflict is often complicated by external factors.
 3. We can control our own responses to conflict.
 4. We can't control others, but we can understand their behavior.
 5. Understanding ourselves and others can makes conflict productive.
Understanding Our Responses to Conflict
Each of us responds to conflict differently, and what escalates one person's stress may be the most significant aspect of the conflict to another. This is how disagreements spiral out of control. By analyzing your DiSC profile, we can help understand what drives you in conflict situations and develop the tools to take control.
Automatic Thoughts and Destructive Behaviors
When we are faced with a conflict situation, instinct demands we respond now. This can trap us in reflexive patterns of thought and the destructive behaviors that follow. With Everything DiSC Productive Conflict, we help you recognize and interrupt these destructive patterns with clear techniques for de-escalating and resolving disputes. By understanding how we behave in conflict situations, and why, we can re-train ourselves to more productive styles of conflict.
Relating to Others in Conflict Situations
We can't control other people, but we can work to understand them. Learning how other DiSC styles view your disagreements is an important step to cultivating productive conflict.
Call us today to learn more about how Carolina Training and Assessments can help you manage the conflicts in your organization and make them productive!
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Suite F351
Lexington, SC 29072
To protect our employees, facilitators, and clients, we have made changes to our operating procedures:
1. All training and facilitation sessions have been reconfigured for virtual delivery.
2. In-person training and facilitation continues with the following changes:
 - Person-to-person activities have been reconfigured to allow for CDC-recommended distancing between participants.
 - Venue configuration must allow for our facilitators to maintain a 6-foot minimum separation from the nearest participant.
 - Facilitators will have hand sanitizer and protective gloves available during sessions.
 - Materials will be sanitized and/or sequestered for a minimum of 72 hours prior to each session.
 - Facilitators will sanitize their hands and/or wear protective gloves prior to distributing materials at each session.
 - Reusable materials must be returned to provided bins so they can be sanitized.
3. One-to-one leadership coaching services will be provided via web or phone conferencing unless face coverings are worn by both the coach and leader.
We believe these changes will enhance the safety, comfort, and learning impact of our clients while providing a reduced risk for everyone involved.


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Real reasons for tension lost in rush to judgment
"The issues in Logan are those many migrant or ethnic youth face: clashing values, clashing behavioural expectations, limited resources and unclear or even dubious role models." Photo: Courtesy of Channel Nine
'Mobs tearing up Logan. Did any of them do a day's work today, or was it business as usual and welfare on tap?'' the Coalition's indigenous health spokesman, Andrew Laming, tweeted in response to recent violence in Logan, Queensland, between Aboriginal and Pacific Islander groups.
Clearly both groups face discrimination, yet we know comparatively little about Pacific Islanders as a marginalised minority group in Australia. As police were called in to broker peace talks between the two Logan families - the Briggs and the Palaus - it's important to ask why the fight broke out in the first place.
Violence is always a complex issue, but where Pacific Islander youths are involved there are several observations that might help us understand.
It needs to be stressed that those involved are a small minority. But the Logan violence is not an isolated incident. In 2011 there were riots in Mount Druitt in which Pacific Islander youths fought each other outside the local Westfield shopping centre. One aspect of the riots was the involvement of youth gangs. While ''Mounty Country'' was mostly Tongans from the Mount Druitt area, ''G40'' was a group of mainly Samoans. However, it was not interpreted by those involved as ethnic violence.
So what lies behind violence involving Pacific Island youth in places such as Logan and Mount Druitt? Every Pacific Island culture is different. There are some general characteristics, though, that some of the time might help explain some of the violence.
First is work. Although Laming pointed to unemployment in Logan, in fact sometimes the opposite is an issue. First-generation Pacific Islanders come to Australia to better themselves, their families here and their families back home. But they often end up in low-paying or unskilled employment, often involving shift work. In other words, they work very hard for very little.
Another issue is supervision. Although the first (and sometimes subsequent) generation of parents works hard, the kids get less parental supervision, and often the supervision they do get is from elder siblings. This means they lack parental role models in their everyday life. In Pacific cultures, you typically don't speak back to elders. So, these youths have very limited scope to express their frustration - and anger builds.
The next problem is education. First generation parents put a very high value on education. Their children are meant to be shy and respect elders. Talking to teachers, let alone questioning them, is difficult. At the same time, at home if they adopt Australian ways of interacting with their Pacific Island elders, they are sternly rebuked. On the other hand, if they don't succeed at school, they also face heavy stricture from their parents. They get in trouble whatever they do.
Recent changes in immigration laws have made many Pacific Islanders ineligible for HECS. Even if they do well in school, they are unlikely to pursue a university degree due to the additional financial pressures this involves. Hence, many feel stuck and unable to break the circle of unskilled employment and parental expectations.
Then there is the pressure to support the family, sending money to relatives in the Pacific Islands, or other parts of Australia and the world - known as remittances. There is significant social pressure to do this. Also, a lot of money is funnelled to churches as Pacific Islanders are generally very religious. Consequently, even if the parents are working hard and earning money, their immediate family in Australia may not enjoy the benefits of this. Because so much of their earnings needs to be distributed to family and church, working is actually not as financially rewarding as it might appear. It's almost like they are at the top tax rate but are only earning minimum wage.
Then there is the complexity of belonging. As a result of these work and educational issues, self-esteem problems often arise. Young people look for alternative communities where they can find acceptance and more freedom.
Last is locality. Most of these youths live in outer suburbs in our cities, areas of low income where many ethnic minorities reside. This has the effect of grouping them and the difficulties they face.
The issues in Logan are those many migrant or ethnic youth face: clashing values, clashing behavioural expectations, limited resources, and unclear or even dubious role models. These are just a few of the underlying issues that need to be taken into account before judgments about the violence in Logan or Mount Druitt are made.
Elisabeth Betz is a doctoral candidate in anthropology at La Trobe University.


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Magnetic resonance imaging and a comprehensive cognitive evaluation were carried out in a series of 29 patients with mild to moderate Huntington's disease (HD). A factor analysis of the neuropsychological test scores provided three factors: a memory/speed-of-processing factor, a "frontal" factor, and a response inhibition factor. The memory/speed factor correlated significantly with measures of caudate atrophy, frontal atrophy, and atrophy of the left (but not the right) sylvian cistern. There were no significant correlations between the "frontal" or response inhibition factors and measures of cortical or subcortical brain atrophy. Our findings confirm that subcortical atrophy is significantly correlated with specific cognitive deficits in HD, and demonstrate that cortical atrophy also has important association with the cognitive deficits of patients with HD.
- Brain atrophy
- Huntington's disease
- Magnetic resonance imaging
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Radiological and Ultrasound Technology
- Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging
- Clinical Neurology


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Ecosystem Management | Prof. Randy Van Dragt
This course investigated the water quality of a local West Michigan lake.
Randy Van Dragt, Department of Biology
1999: Project one involves an environmental impact assessment of the southern edge of the Ecosystem Preserve. This portion of the Ecosystem Preserve will be most heavily affected by the development of the Gainey athletic facility, the college conference and CAS facilities and the road connecting these two developments. Students teams are establishing baseline conditions oin the aquatic and terrestrial communities of this part of the preserve, investigating the impacts that development will impose and considering development options that will reduce these impacts. Project two investigates the net primary productivity in two common ecosystems on the college campus lawn and old field (In each system areas dominated by grasses and herbaceous plants will be used)-- and to compare carbon fixation in these communities to carbon dioxide production by various campus activities, such as automobile use, electric energy use, etc.
1998: The Biology 345 class will conduct an environmental assessment of the two athletic field ponds at the northwest corner of the college campus. In past years we have described various features of ecology of these ponds and their watershed. This year we will study the plankton community of the ponds and the water chemistry of the ponds and their major surface water inputs. In addition, we will compare the athletic field ponds, which have received significant human impact for many decades, to a similar, but more isolated, pond in the Ecosystem Preserve. Results of the study will be used to develop a tentative management plan for the ponds. Fall (22 students)


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There are a number of identification attributes associated with animal objects in PyPedal pedigrees. A description of those fields, as well as their default values, is provided in Table 6.1. This section describes the data structures provided for mapping between various animal IDs. Table 7.1 lists the four structures provided for ID mapping and lists the default values for pedigrees with integral (asd formats) and string (ASD formats) IDs. Renumbered PyPedal pedigree objects store animal objects in a list that is typically indexed by renumbered ID. When animal IDs are strings (see 3.5.1) they are hashed to an integer and the original ID is stored in a name field. In renumbered pedigrees the original ID is stored and replaced by a renumbered ID.
7.2 Animal Identification and Cross-References
Once your pedigree is renumbered it is quite easy to see how these maps can be used to convert between various IDs. The maps mean that you don't have to worry about renumbered IDs and can continue to think about your animals in terms of their original IDs, whether they be ID numbers or names. Consider the Newfoundland pedigree presented in Figure 9.4 - it is much more convenient to think about the dog named Kaptn Kvols von Widdersdorf, rather than the dog whose name was hashed to the ID 5523557808241831142 amd renumbered to 48. For example, suppose you wanted to determine his coefficient of inbreeding. It is simple to do using the maps:
example.namemap['Kaptn Kvols von Widdersdorf'] returns the original ID assigned to the name, while example.idmap[...] converts from the original ID to the renumbered ID. This sort of ID/name mapping is sued in a number of places in PyPedal, such as in the three generation pedigree routine in the pyp_reports module.
>>> example = pyp_newclasses.loadPedigree(optionsfile='newfoundland.ini')
>>> newf_f = pyp_nrm.inbreeding(example)
>>> print newf_f['fx'][example.idmap[example.namemap['Kaptn Kvols von Widdersdorf']]]
Note that if an animal has its original ID as its name, which is the default when integral IDs and no animal names are provided, the name is changed to the renumbered ID when the pedigree is renumbered.
See About this document... for information on suggesting changes.
Animal identification and cross-references.
SPMamp; asd format
& ASD format
& Key & Value & Key & Value & Key & Value


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2011 Wastewater Reuse Survey Results
In 2011, the Center for the Management, Utilization and Protection of Water Resources and the Tennessee Department of Enviroment and Conservation (TDEC) distributed the sixth annual survey of Tennessee wastewater treatment utilities (only those that are legally allowed to handle 0.1 million of gallons or more of water per day [mgd]) to find out which ones were using water conservation and water reuse practices. A survey like this is important to Tennessee as it faces strong pressures on its water resources from human use, and the 2011 results are below.
You may also view the results from TDEC's website at _URL_ The wastewater reuse survey is found in the "Helpful Links" box in the bottom right corner.
This table shows the number of facilities that reuse water in each TDEC Environmental Field Office District. It also shows how the treated wastewater was used within each district (how many golf courses, schools and parks were irrigated with it, etc.). Note: None of the facilities used the treated wastewater for residence irrigation, park irrigation, school irrigation, public access irrigation, edible crops, or groundwater recharge and indirect reuse.
|TDEC Environ. Field Office||No. of Reuse Systems||Area of Golf Courses Irrigated||Area of Grass, Pasture, Other Crops Irrigated|
|2011 Total||3||154 acres||10 acres|
The following table summarizes the way reuse water was used among the systems that practiced the technique. It also includes the number of reuse systems, flow and area for each reuse type. The facilities did not report their capacities in this section.
|Reuse Type||Number of Systems||
| Area Acres
Public Access Areas &
|Golf Course Irrigation||1||1.5||0.50||154|
|Other Public Access Areas||0|
Ground Water Recharge
|Rapid Infiltration Basins||0|
|Surface Water Augmentation||0|
|At Treatment Plant||0|
|At Other Facilities||0|
|Other Uses (Effluent Land Application)||0||0.4||N/A|
a drainfield, including the applicaton/distribution system, intended for the reuse of reclaimed water.
Indirect Potable Reuse
for these purposes, the planned discharge of reclaimed water to surface waters to augment the supply of water available for drinking and other uses.
Contact information for the systems that practice water reuse is below.
|Reuse System Name||County||Contact Person/Title||Address|
|Cartwright CreekArrington Retreat||Williamson||Bruce Meyer||1551 Thompsons Station Rd. W., Thompsons
Station, TN 37179
|King's Creek Golf Course||Maury||Travis Massey||
3893 Mahlon Moore Rd.
|Sewanee Utility District||Franklin||Ben Beavers||150 Sherwood Rd., P.O. Box 3211
Sewanee, TN 37375


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Category: Living Well Published on Tuesday, 30 October 2012 11:38 Written by CNN
During spinning class, I often find myself wishing I was in a pool. For one, water would make the sweat dripping down my back less noticeable. Two, it has to be easier to sneak a break when the instructor can't see your legs below the surface.
A new study presented this week at the Canadian Cardiovascular Congress suggests there might also be other - more important - benefits to hydro-spinning.
The study analyzed cardiovascular data from 33 young, healthy participants who performed the same workout on a dry land stationary bike and on a water stationary bike.
Also called hydro-riders or aqua bikes, water stationary bicycles are anchored to the bottom of a pool so that cyclists are submerged up to their shoulders. Resistance can be added by changing the pedal size or, in some bikes, the angle of plates in the wheels.
Researchers found that participants' oxygen consumption and average heart rates were lower while riding in the water. In other words, their cardiovascular systems were working more efficiently to do the same amount of exercise.
Study author Dr. Martin Juneau is director of prevention at the Montreal Heart Institute in Canada. The institute's EPIC center offers "Aquavelo" fitness classes and opens its water stationary bicycles up to members during open swim. Juneau says the bikes were so popular they had to start printing tickets to reserve workout times.
Aqua bikes were originally created for rehab of knee injuries in athletes, Juneau says. But because water makes us virtually weightless, hydro-spinning is also used for obese or arthritic patients who want a low-impact workout.
"Patients love it," Juneau says. "They feel it's easier, but when you look at the increase in (aerobic) capacity, it's just as good as land training."
The researchers believe hydrostatic pressure (or the pressure of the water) on the body makes it easier for your system to return blood to the heart. This reduces the number of times your heart has to beat – lowering the average heart rate and amount of oxygen needed to sustain an intense workout.
The study needs to be duplicated with more participants to confirm the results, Juneau says. Further research is also needed to see if the effects are the same for older and/or overweight cyclists.
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One of the big botanical finds last year was the population of stinking hawk's-beard Crepis foetida at Dungeness, possibly the only extant native population of this species in the UK. More than 2000 plants were present. How would it survive this years drought, and would it benefit from additional scarification of neighbouring land? Well, the answers are not very well and No!
At least 229 plants were counted on the site this year (though not all of the grassland was accessed) and no plants were found on the scarified strip. This had lots of bare ground however and offers ideal germinating conditions this summer.
Many of the plants Read the rest of this entry »


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Plant Pest and Agriculture Commodity Certification Act
The Kansas Plant Pest and Agriculture Commodity Certification Act was first enacted in 1907. This act serves four basic functions:
To protect the state from outbreaks of dangerous plant pests and diseases by locating plant pests and taking appropriate regulatory action when necessary
To provide for the licensing of live plant dealers
To provide for the inspection and certification of Kansas-produced commodities to facilitate shipments to domestic and international markets
To grant quarantine authority
This act authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to quarantine and treat or destroy infested or infected plants or plant products to prevent the movement of dangerous plant pests into, or spread within, Kansas.
In addition to protecting the state's plant resources from unintentional or accidental introduction of plant pests, the authority provided in this law will assist in the state's homeland security effort to detect, identify, and respond to bioterrorism activities involving plant pests that may be intentionally introduced into the state.
Link to full text of


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This Crayola Glow Board is a really unique toy. Are you looking for simple instructions on how the glow board works? Here's a neat video from Crayola. As you can see it lets kids create artwork on the drawing surface of the glow board.
It comes with six neon markers with special ink that allow the drawing to glow in the dark. Kids just wipe the surface with a damp paper towel and rewrite over and over again on the surface. There are so many Crayola products that its actually quite confusing as to which product is which. This particular toy is the Crayola Color Explosion Glow Board!
Crayola Glow Board Has These Neat Features
- The board has two see through drawing surfaces.
- Once kids are finished their drawing the surface lights inside the glow board can be turned on. The ink will glow sort of like a neon light.
- The glow board light can flash between the two layers, creating animated art and a 3D effect.
- The markers provided are blue, red,green, pink and orange and have medium tips for more control over the pens.
- It's recommended for children over the age of six but some parents mention that their three year old is having fun playing with it.
- It takes three "triple A" batteries to work.
- It comes with the built in easel on the back so a child can stand it up to display their "work of art"!
- There are slots to store the markers.
- Keep kids entertained while traveling. When it gets dark out they can still see their glow board.
- It really stimulates kids' imagination.
- Wipe off screen and kids can draw over and over again.
- Very kid friendly website at Crayola.com. They have a neat little [tags]crayola-glow-board[/tags]program where kids can make their own two frame drawing. They can print them out and trace them on the Glow Board.
- One lady mentioned that all her kids age 3 and 11 year were having fun with this. So obviously it looks like it's good fun for a wide age range of kids.
- Drawing surface scratches very easily.
- It's sometimes hard for kids to see what they're drawing because the markers don't show up well unless the scene is lit up with the light.
- Some reports of markers being very dry, small in size and not lasting long.
The Crayola site mentions that it's really important to ONLY use a damp paper towel to wipe the board off. One lady mentioned that she ended up scratching her board by scrubbing a soft tissue to get the design off. Also baby wipes will leave a residue. So even when you are traveling with the board bring some damp paper towels in a zip lock bag to wipe it. Any alternative to that will scratch the board or not clean it well.
It might be a good idea to get some back up markers as well because a lot of parents say they don't last.The directions warn you that the markers dry out much faster than regular markers if you leave the caps off. They also recommend storing them in a Ziploc bag.
The Crayola Glow Board has some fans! The majority of parents say its super fun for their kids and a very unique toy. Overall most parents mentioned that they are satisfied with it and were willing to overlook the negative points. Not only is it fun, but it encourages artistic creativity. It offers a different dimension to their art and the glow effect is very cool. Hey guess what?? Now your kids can have creative fun with bath bubbles! Here's a Bath Blizzard review!


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Molybdenum Disilicide Heating Rod
Molybdenum disilicide heating rod namely molybdenum disilicide heating element, is usually used in high-temperature oxidizing atmosphere and the maximum temperature can reach 1850 ℃. In 1947, a Swedish company produced the first molybdenum disilicide heating rod with continuous improvement, in the 1990s, the heating rod temperature increased to 1850 ℃ and named Kanthal Super 1900C heating element. China realized molybdenum disilicide heating elements industrial production in the 1980s. At present, the molybdenum disilicide heating element has became an important equipment used in heat treatment, casting, high-temperature sintering, and other industrial and laboratory.
High temperature heating rods (MoSi2 heating elements) is resistance heating element used in high temperatures field and it has many good properties. High temperature oxidation resistance, in high-temperature oxidizing atmosphere, its surface will generate dense quartz glass protective film to protect the heating rods matrix. Besides, this protective film has regenerative function and automatic removal surface impurities adhesion function. The resistivity of MoSi2 heating rod will rapidly increase with temperature rise, so that the heating rod at low temperatures has large power and the furnace can heat rapidly. At high temperature the power becomes small to prevent material overheating. In addition, the operation time has little effect on resistivity, that is, not aging, so old and new elements can be mixed used. Molybdenum disilicide heating rod is commonly used in electric furnace, because of its low power consumption, fast heating, easy to maintain and stable product performance.
MoSi2 heating rods not only can be used in an oxidizing atmosphere, but also can be used in N2, H2, NH2 and an inert gas, but the corresponding temperature is limited. MoSi2 is prone to accelerated oxidation at 400 ~ 700 ℃, so it is not suited to use in this temperature range. In addition, its surface load can reach tens of W / cm2, which is much higher than the metal heating element, so it is possible to make furnace wall to reach 100W/m2, greatly improve the production rate. MoSi2 heating rods can be made into U-shaped, W and L-shaped.
If you have got any interest in molybdenum metals, please feel free to contact us by email: _EMAIL_, _EMAIL_ or by telephone:86 _PHONE_/86 _PHONE_.
Related Links: Molybdenum News & Prices


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Mental Health Nursing: Connect with People
What is mental health nursing?
Mental health nursing is a specialised field of nursing whose main focus is on a person's subjective experiences. Mental health nursing's primary tool to understand a patient's inner world is the therapeutic nurse-patient relationship. Mental health nursing focuses on the mind of the patient with mental illness and problems, and how they relate about themselves and the world. Mental health nurses work in collaborative arrangement with patients including promotion of:
- Psychological well-being and emotional health
- Relationships with others and their peace of mind.
What do mental health nurses do?
Mental health nurses monitor the biological dimensions of mental illness through medication administration and behavioural observations and interpretation in general. In line with current trends and reforms, mental health nurses protect patients' rights and support their families, carers and significant others.
Want a fantastic career that lets you work in a range of settings and can take you interstate or overseas?
Visit the ACMHN Ambassador's Website
How do I become a mental health nurse?
With an undergraduate degree in nursing you can register to practice as a nurse and work in most mental health settings. However, to become a specialist, most nurses go on to study mental health at Graduate Diploma or Masters Level. Find out more about postgraduate mental health nursing study.
Specialist mental health nurses may also undertake additional training in specific therapies, such as couple and family therapy.
Mental Health Nurses are in demand across Australia. Scholarships to study mental health nursing are available through the Commonwealth Department of Health and Ageing (DoHA) and through each State and Territory Department of Health.


Employer Guidelines
 1. Establish consensus in the senior leadership team on the importance of all eligible employees voting in every election (federal, state, local, primaries, runoffs), and gain commitment to take action on a regular and consistent basis.
 3. VAC recommends that your organization remain neutral, non-partisan, and unbiased at all times. Your role is as a motivator, facilitator and information provider. Corporate positions or recommendations may be useful on bond issues or candidates that have a direct impact on your entity, but you can't be perceived as telling employees how to vote.
 5. Establish a "get out the vote" action group, with senior leadership oversight, comprised of a cross-section representative group of interested employees to take ownership for the initiative.
 6. Develop an internal communication strategy using meetings, videos, intranet, text messages, social media, bulletin boards, hallway and work room monitors — any and all applicable communications tools.
 8. Conduct sessions with employees for voter registration and impartial ballot review.
 10. Provide (_URL_ and others as needed) links to sample ballots, voting times and locations, candidate and issues information.
 11. Invite guest speakers and/or candidates to visit with employees during breakfast seminars or luncheon forums on select key ballot items.
 12. Encourage employees to vote during early voting, allow/encourage employees to vote anytime during the day that work demands will permit.
 14. On Election Day, have frequent reminders all day to encourage voting, provide access so that employees can find their precinct location if they do not already know, see relevant ideas in 12 and 13 above.
 15. Consider keeping score, report back after each election on what percentage of your team voted, and display running bar-chart comparisons to show trends.


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Drug Class: What is Erythromycin and why is it prescribed?
Drug Mechanism: How does Erythromycin work?
Dosage: How should you take Erythromycin?
Possible food and drug interactions when taking Erythromycin
Special Information on Erythromycin
Erythromycin side effects
|Drug Class: What is Erythromycin and why is it prescribed?|
Generic Erythromycin 250 mg is an antibiotic used to treat many kinds of infections, including:
Acute pelvic inflammatory disease, Gonorrhea, Intestinal parasitic infections,
Legionnaires disease, Listeriosis, Pinkeye, Rectal infections, Reproductive tract
infections, Skin infections, Syphilis, Upper and lower respiratory tract infections,
Urinary tract infections, Whooping cough.
|Drug Mechanism: How does Erythromycin work?|
Most infections are caused by bacteria that invade and grow in the human body. Medications, like Generic Erythromycin 250 mg, that control or eradicate these bacteria are called antibiotics. Generic Erythromycin 250 mg is an antibiotic that prevents bacteria from producing proteins, which interferes with bacterial growth and multiplication, while not affecting human cells.
|Dosage: How should you take Erythromycin?|
Some forms of Generic Erythromycin are most effective when taken on an empty stomach. Your doctor may advise you to take each dose of Generic Erythromycin at least 1/2 hour and preferably 2 hours before meals. Delayed release formulations may be taken with or without food.
Generic Erythromycin upsets your stomach, taking it with meals may help. Ask your doctor whether this is advisable for you. Chewable forms of Generic Erythromycin should be crushed or chewed before being swallowed. Delayed-release
|Possible food and drug interactions when taking Erythromycin|
Combining Generic Erythromycin 250 mg with lovastatin (Mevacor) can cause severe muscle wasting and damage to the kidneys. If you are taking both of these drugs, your doctor will monitor you closely for warning signs of this interaction. If Generic Erythromycin 250 mg is taken with certain other drugs, the effects of either could be increased, decreased, or altered. It is especially important to check with your doctor before combining Generic Erythromycin 250 mg with the following: Benzodiazepines such as Halcion and Versed,
|Special Information on Erythromycin|
There is no evidence that Generic Erythromycin 250 mg will harm a developing baby, but the possibility has not been completely ruled out. If you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant, inform your doctor immediately. Generic Erythromycin 250 mg appears in breast milk and could affect a nursing infant. If Generic Erythromycin 250 mg is essential to your health, your doctor may advise you to discontinue breastfeeding until your treatment is finished.
|Erythromycin side effects|
|The most frequent side effects of Generic Erythromycin 250 mg are nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. These gastrointestinal side effects are usually dose related (side effects are more pronounced with higher doses of Generic Erythromycin 250 mg). Allergic reactions such as hives, rash, or anaphylaxis (a severe allergic reaction which can lead to shock) have been rarely reported. Abnormal liver tests or liver dysfunction can also occur with Generic Erythromycin 250 mg.|
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All Rights Reserved : 2002 - 2013. OffshoreRx.com Buy Generic Drugs


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Projects per year
A numerical model is developed for a TLP configuration of a floating offshore wind turbine. The platform dynamics and hydrodynamic forces are derived and implemented in an advanced aero-elastic code, Flex5, to compute the hydro-aero-servo-elastic loads and responses on the floater and the wind turbine. This is achieved through three steps. In the first step, an independent 2D code with fourteen degrees of freedom (DOFs) is developed and the responses are verified for load cases concerning steady and spatially coherent turbulent wind with regular and irregular waves. In the second step, the 2D code is augmented with three more DOFs. A three-dimensional wave model with directional spreading is derived and implemented to obtain 3D code. Comparison of the 3D responses with that of the 2D shows a good agreement. The 3D code is tested for load cases using steady and turbulent wind with 3D irregular waves. In addition, the effect of wind-wave misalignment is investigated. Further, in the third step, the 3D platform dynamics and wave loading are implemented into Flex5, resulting in a fully coupled hydro-aero-servo-elastic code. The implementation is tested to make the model reliable and robust. In addition, the responses are compared to that of the 3D code responses, which shows a good agreement, in general. The extended Flex5 code is used to carry out a parametric study to investigate the influence of various configurations on the responses when subjected to different sea states and a potential configuration is recommended. The potential configuration is subjected to sea states with more narrow wave spectrum with collinear and oblique wave heading and a swell case. The responses are compared with that of the baseline configuration and recommendations are suggested for future work.
|Place of Publication||Kgs. Lyngby|
|Publisher||Technical University of Denmark|
|Number of pages||231|
|Publication status||Published - 2013|


View Full Version : Geospatial Question concerning Country/Population Center Point
01-05-2014, 06:30 PM
I dabble in geographic information systems, specifically with arcmap software and wanted to try out some isotherm maps using data from some of the admixture populations.
My question is: would it be more accurate/appropriate to use the geographic center for a country, the mean population center point (population center of gravity) or something else?
For example, if you look at this map from 23andme results, the centroid for the UK for example appears to be just off the English coast in the North Sea which isn't near the pop center or geographic center.
01-09-2014, 12:33 AM
Thought I would share some of my geospatial "dabblings" with the Eurogenes K13 Admixture data based on my results/values from five K13 populations.
Please realize a lot of assumptions went into creating these maps. For example where to place a point representing a population group. Move the points a little and the results will obviously change.
Also the choice of which interpolation tool affects the map results. I chose the natural neighbor interpolation tool, but others might more appropriate for this type of data. I just don't have enough experience with these tools at the present.
In addition, these maps are not ready for prime time from a cartographic view point. i.e. they need still need some work.
The black bands on the maps represent +/- 5% from my K13 values for:
1. North_Atlantic
2. Baltic
3. West Med (band expanded to +/- 7.5% to create an overlap)
4. West Asia
5. East Med (on next post)
I stopped at 5 groups because my values for the remaining K13 groups was quite small (less than 2% of my makeup). The last map on the next post is a composite all 5 maps at the same time, showing where they all overlap.
01-09-2014, 12:51 AM
Here are the East Med and composite maps mentioned above. Couldn't get them all in one post.
01-09-2014, 01:02 AM
Population centroid seems the most sensible to me, unless all your ancestry from within a population is from a single known spot.
01-09-2014, 01:24 AM
I used the population centroid when I could find it. I have them for all the European countries, but some of these populations are a subset of a country. e.g. where exactly is the population centroid for Southeast England, or North Sweden or South Italy.
For those situations above and for countries where I couldn't find a population centroid, I reviewed population density maps for the specific area and made an educated guess as to the most appropriate spot to place the point.
01-09-2014, 03:12 AM
That seems like a good fallback.


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Modern deep packet inspection systems use regular expressions to define various patterns of interest in network data streams. Deterministic Finite Automata (DFA) are commonly used to parse regular expressions. DFAs are fast, but can require prohibitively large amounts of memory for patterns arising in network applications. Traditional DFA table compression only slightly reduces the memory required and requires an additional memory access per input character. Alternative representations of regular expressions, such as NFAs and Delayed Input DFAs (D 2FA) require less memory but sacrifice throughput. In this paper we introduce the Content Addressed Delayed Input DFA (CD 2FA), which provides a compact representation of regular expressions that match the throughput of traditional uncompressed DFAs. A CD 2FA addresses successive states of a D 2FA using their content, rather than a "content-less" identifier. This makes selected information available earlier in the state traversal process, which makes it possible to avoid unnecessary memory accesses. We demonstrate that such content-addressing can be effectively used to obtain automata that are very compact and can achieve high throughput. Specifically, we show that for an application using thousands of patterns defined by regular expressions, CD 2FAs use as little as 10% of the space required by a conventional compressed DFA, and match the throughput of an uncompressed DFA. Copyright 2006 ACM.
Original publication
Conference paper
Publication Date
81 - 92


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Why Male Barn Swallows Mustn't Let Themselves Go
A male North American barn swallow (Hirundo rustica erythrogaster) displaying his ventral coloration. Image © Marie Read
Once barn swallows have chosen their mates for the season, females may stray if their males don't keep themselves looking sexy, new research shows.
For male North American barn swallows, the color intensity of their feathers is a signal of "quality," perhaps akin to an expensive sportscar or a spiffy suit. Researchers don't know yet exactly what this quality signal represents perhaps social status, good genes, or the ability to raise offspring but it plays a critical role when females decide which males will father their offspring.
Rebecca Safran and colleagues now report in the 30 September 2005 issue of the journal Science that male swallows with experimentally enhanced feathers are less likely to be cuckolded by their mates. By taking genetic samples both before and after they modified the male swallows' plumage using non-toxic inks, the authors showed that female barn swallows constantly assess the quality of their mate relative to other males in the population. DNA tests revealed that males with enhanced plumage sired more of the offspring in their nests.
The authors say this is the first study to reveal just how sensitive females are to very short-term changes in their mate's appearance; a slightly scruffy plumage at the wrong moment in the breeding season can cause an unwitting male to care for many young that are not his own.
30 September 2005


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What if cities have dedicated urban interfaces in public spaces that invite people to share stories and memories of public interest, and facilitate the creation of a public narration? What if people share and access these stories and memories while chatting with a public bench? Will the interaction with the bench provide a meaningful, memorable and playful experience of a place?
The Bench of Multi-sensory Memories is an urban interface whose objective is to investigate the role of urban media in placemaking. It mediates the creation of a public narration, and affords citizens a playful and engaging interface to access and generate stories and memories that form this narration.
The bench has been designed and fabricated in collaboration with the Malaysian artist Alvin Tan, which has experience with bamboo installations in public spaces. Its structure is robust and it allows to easily and safely allocate all the hardware components. The hardware and software system consists of: a) input devices, the USB Microphone and the Force Sensitive Resistor (FSR) sensors; b) Analog-Digital or Digital-Analog (AD/DA) Converter Module Board; c) Microcontroller, a Raspberry Pi 3; d) output device, a Speaker; e) the software, the Google Speech API. The components operate as following: the FSR sensors detect the presence of a person in the bench through physical pressure, weight and pressing; the AD/DA Converter Module Board read the analogue values of the FSR sensors and convert them into digital values, readable by the Microcontroller; the Microcontroller, which has advanced features, such as the Wi-fi, Ethernet, Bluetooth, USB, HDMI and Audio Jack, easily connects the inputs and output devices. Currently, the system software implements speech applications, such as text-tospeech and speech-totext: Google Speech API generates the voice based on the text, records the voice and translates the speech into text, through the output and input devices. Therefore, at the moment, the system performs a scripted sequence that includes text-tospeech and speech to text translations. In the short term, we will be able to employ a custom chatbot, that is able to conduct interactive and meaningful conversations.


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Geographic localization of knowledge spillovers as evidenced by patent citations
Jaffe et al. present an economic analysis that purports to show support for geographic localization of knowledge and the existence of spillovers. The article looks at patent citations and finds that citations to patents are more likely to be domestic than foreign and more likely to be from the state or even from the same metropolitan area. They find that this localization fades over time but does so slowly.
The paper begins by pointing out that there has been a large literature on knowledge spillovers but that there is very little evidence as to where this knowledge goes. The authors suggest that spillovers will be geographically correlated.
Most of the paper is an in-depth description of the empirical methods that used the authors employ and to overcome challenges in, for example, assigning a geographic location to a patent or creating a group of control patents that can control for the fact that innovation in particular areas or fields may tend to cluster geographically and that this should not necessary be taken as evidence of spillovers. The authors create a group of control patents which are on the same topic and filed for at the same time and use these as a means of controlling for existing geographic concentration of research.
The results that the authors find are strong: citations are 5-10 times as likely to come from the same metropolitan area as control patents. Although this effect fades over time, it is robust to the addition of time. Also of interest, the authors find little difference between citations of university and corporate patents.
Theoretical and practical relevance:
This article has been cited more than 3,000 times and is a core citation in the literature on patents in practice, spillovers, and geographic localization of knowledge which, over time, has been a field of growing importance in economics, in innovation studies, and in strategy. It also provides a solid set of methodological contributions to the literature on innovation and intellectual property using patent citation data.


More Information +33 7 60601385
The 5S method refers to the Japanese terms: SEIRI, SEITON, SEISO, SEIKETSU, SHITSUKE.
The 5S method allows for an organized work place and total visibility of the necessary equipment, environment and services.
It is translated as:
 1. Seiri: eliminate the useless.
 2. Seiton: tidy up and organize.
 3. Seiso: clean thoroughly with the goal of determining anomalies.
 4. Siketsu: render evident, render visible, equipment, instruments, areas.
 5. Shitsuke:maintain the level obtained through discipline.


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Minerals, west sheet (1906)
Contained within the 1st Edition (1906) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows the mineralogy and locations of mineral deposits for Western Canada circa 1906. A line drawn across the map indicates where the Northern, large portion of the Dominion is virtually unprosecuted except along the valleys of the principal rivers, including the Southern, partly prospected areas. Different symbols indicate which type of mineral is located in a specific location. The map includes major cities, rivers, major bodies of water, and some railway systems.


Manatee County Veterans Council
Manatee County Veterans Council
United States Merchant Marine
The United States Merchant Marine refers to either United States civilian mariners or to a fleet of U.S. civilian and federally owned merchant vessels. These fleets are managed by either the government or private sector, and engage in commerce or transportation of goods and services in and out of the navigable waters of the United States. The Merchant Marine is responsible for transporting cargo and passengers during peacetime. In times of war, they can be an auxiliary to the United States Navy, and can be called upon to deliver military personnel and materiel for the military. Merchant Marine Officers may also be designated as Military Officers by the Department of Defense. This is commonly achieved by commissioning unlimited tonnage Merchant Marine Officers as Strategic Sealift Officers in the Naval Reserves.
As of 2006, the United States merchant fleet had 465 privately owned ships of 1,000 or more gross register tons. Nearly 800 American-owned ships are flagged in other nations.
The federal government maintains fleets of merchant ships via organizations such as Military Sealift Command and the National Defense Reserve Fleet, which is managed by the United States Maritime Administration. In 2004, the federal government employed approximately 5% of all American water transportation workers.
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Created by: Carl Hunsinger


Why Is My Cat Panting?
What does it mean if my cat is panting?
A cat's normal breathing rhythm should be smooth and unlaboured. Panting is usually a sign that something isn't right with your cat. Cats only breathe hard with their mouths open when they are very stressed, extremely hot, or a disease process is occurring.
There are plenty of senior cat conditions that could bring on a sudden bout of laborious panting.
But panting isn't confined to old age. According to Dr Catheryn Walsh from Greencross Vets Robina Village, serious medical conditions that can bring on panting include heart failure, asthma, cancer, fluid build-up in and around the lungs, bronchitis, pneumonia, or a tumour.
Regardless of the cause, if your cat is panting, it's important you visit your local Greencross Vets immediately. Tests may include blood evaluation to check for heartworm, infections, anaemia and diabetes. A chest ultrasound or X-rays may be carried out to check for fluid around the heart and lungs.
In the meantime…
There isn't a whole lot you can do at home for a panting cat, although Dr Walsh recommends the following quick tips while preparing to go to the vet.
 - keep both the cat and yourself calm
 - if you think your cat has overheated, moisten the feet and ears with a cool, wet towel
 - do not give your cat any food or water by mouth
Always consult your local Greencross Vets if you are worried about symptoms in your pet.
Your nearest clinic: Undefined


Studio app Studio
Studio is a web app to help teachers run their music studio. Add students, schedule lessons and performances, assign homework, and manage billing all in one place.
Studio app
Studio app
Track Practice Time
Using our practice app, teachers can keep track of student practice time and see class or individual activity at a glance or in detail by day. Keep students honest and motivated to practice.
Add and Manage Students
Keep track of students, bills, and homework by adding a list of all your students. Keep things organized by grouping by class, instrument, experience, or a custom tag.
Studio app
Studio app
Assign Homework
In addition to practice time and scheduling lessons or performances, Studio can keep track of homework assignments. Automatically send reminders if a student is close to missing a deadline, keep track of grades, and see at a glance how students are performing.
Practice + Studio
Learn more about Practice
Studio + Practice
Studio app
Handle Payments Online
Simplify billing by letting Studio send billing reminders, flexible payment options including online payments via credit card.
Keep track of payments owed or paid in a simple dashboard. Studio can even automate cancellation policies, say charging 75% or 50% depending on how soon the next lesson is.
Start using Musopen Studio for free


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The pricing for Rubber-like is based on model volume, which is the volume of your model used to calculate the material cost (mm³).
If you order two or more copies of a model, the price automatically decreases because the preparation of multiple copies can be carried out more efficiently.
Rubber-like can be used for fashion pieces, jewelry, shoe soles, prototypes or squeezable gadgets.
Laser Sintering is used to build your design with this material. The models are printed layer by layer by a laser that draws thin lines in the powder, which melts and bonds it together in order to form a thin layer of the model. After a layer is printed, a new layer of fresh powder is spread over the surface by a roller. The printer has a print chamber that is heated to just below the melting point of the powder; the laser beam adds the extra energy to melt the powder, forming a solid model. After the print job is finished, the result is a big block of heated powder with the printed models contained inside.
- A patent currently limits our ability to offer this material to everyone. This means we can't produce, sell, or distribute objects made with TPU 92A-1 in the USA. Unfortunately, this also restricts our customers when importing TPU-based products in the USA. In other regions, these restrictions do not apply
- Rubber-like models are squeezable but very difficult to stretch
Learning about our materials is one thing, seeing and touching them another. That's why we've designed sample kits based on our Periodic Table of Materials.
Rubber-like Sample Kit
Includes a natural white and a dyed black sample. Currently not available in the United States.


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1. venture - noun
· any venturesome undertaking especially one with an uncertain outcome
2. venture - noun
· an investment that is very risky but could yield great profits; "he knew the stock was a speculation when he bought it"
3. venture - noun
· a commercial undertaking that risks a loss but promises a profit
4. venture - verb
· proceed somewhere despite the risk of possible dangers; "We ventured into the world of high-tech and bought a supercomputer"
5. venture - verb
· put forward, of a guess, in spite of possible refutation; "I am guessing that the price of real estate will rise again"; "I cannot pretend to say that you are wrong"
6. venture - verb
· put at risk; "I will stake my good reputation for this"
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Creating Value as a Negotiating Strategy
Except in a physical confrontation winning does not mean the loser must lose or even know he has lost. The art in negotiating is the creation of value so both parties can be vested in the outcome.
Creating value is work. It requires knowledge, preparation and inspiration. The benefit, however, can be a mutually satisfying resolution.
Conflict occurs when two or more people compete over a commodity. This can be anything. Land, money, a woman, a man, the baseball bat or the last piece of cake are all commodities likely to cause conflict.
The solution to conflicts other than by brute force is the realignment of interests through the exchanging of concessions. If the focus of the conflict is very narrow, like the wallet in your coat in a dark alley, the opportunity to align interests is very limited. Your best option is to tender it and hope that you will gain the option to walk away unscathed.
When the focus is widened, then there are opportunities to create value through the redistribution of assets or concessions that are valued differently by the parties.
The disparity of valuation is the key to value enhancement. Because we are all unique, we value things differently. The differential allows for the creative realignment of interests to maximize the potential value of the aggregate commodities.
Sex sells. The age old profession repeatedly validates this. The professional knows that she can up her price by adding feigned affection and personal involvement in the basic act. The cost to her is little in tangible assets but the reward can raise the price of a furtive back alley service to a lucrative remuneration for an ego (his) satisfying performance. The act has not changed. The perceived value has.
Similarly in a dispute over a minor issue between a contractor and the customer, a simple apology by the contractor may yield a significant concession by the customer. The cost of the apology to the contractor is a bit of ego; the reward is incremental cold, hard cash.


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Affiliation: University College London Medical School, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
In this review, we analysed the role of stem cell and growth factor therapy on rotator cuff tendon repair. The injury to the rotator cuff tendons can be sustained in numerous ways and generally causes significant pain and disability to the affected individual. Following surgical repair of ruptured rotator cuff tendons re-rupture rates can be as high as 20-60%. In order to augment this repair process and to decrease the re-rupture rates tissue engineering methods can be used. These include the use of stem cells and growth factors. Mesenchymal stem cells are stem cells which can differentiate into a variety of connective tissue cell types and can therefore be utilised in repairing tendons. So far there has only been one human study using stem cells in rotator cuff tendon repair. This study has produced a positive result but consisted of only 14 patients and lacks a control group for comparison. Similar work has also been done using growth factors. Both individual and combination growth factor therapy have been used to improve rotator cuff tendon repair. However, the results so far have been disappointing with growth factors. For the purpose of future studies better techniques should be explored with regards to the delivery of stem cells and growth factors as well as the possibility of combining growth factor and stem cell therapy to improve repair rates.