Lazer's Interactive Symbolic Assembler
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For the historical computer model from Apple, see Apple Lisa.
Lazer's Interactive Symbolic Assembler (Lisa) is an interactive MOS 6502 assembler for Apple II computers written by Randall Hyde in the late 1970s.
The latest version of Lisa is V3.2. Lisa includes an integrated editor with syntax checking. Lisa can assemble up to 30,000 lines of code in a minute on a 1 MHz computer, a speed achieved due to the editor's pre-parsing of the source code.
Lisa, before v.3, was able to assemble SWEET16 codes, a virtual 16-bit processor implemented as part of the Integer BASIC. However, the Apple II's Integer BASIC ROMs were replaced by Applesoft BASIC ROMs since the Apple II+, and the latter didn't contain the SWEET16 interpreter code.
The assembler also features "Randy's Hi-res Routines", a set of 2D computer graphics commands. Apple II's hi-res display pages (Hi-Res 1: 280 × 160 and Hi-Res 2: 280 × 192) were implemented by Steve Wozniak using two TTL chips. Therefore a software programmer has to deal with the discontinuous addressing of screen pixels (a full screen is split into three parts horizontally) and each pixel's coloring properties (each pixel uses 1-bit, its color is determined by that bit's place in a byte and its neighboring pixel). These ready-made subroutines were created to help programmers.
Lisa has a built-in disassembler.
 - Ward Douglas Maurer, APPLE assembly language with Lazerware software, Computer Science Press, 1984, ISBN 0-914894-82-X
External links[edit]


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PhD Candidate, Department of Political Science, University of Toronto
Amy Janzwood is a Ph.D. Candidate in Political Science and Environmental Studies at the University of Toronto. Her dissertation explains why there has been such great opposition to mega oil sands pipelines in North America, and the implications of this resistance. Her research broadly investigates how state and non-state actors interact on issues like energy, climate change, and trade. She is also a Research Associate at the Environmental Governance Lab, where she analyzes how strategies like carbon disclosure and carbon pricing provide pathways to decarbonization.


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Science & Technology - Posted by Anna Blackaby-Warwick on Monday, October 1, 2012 10:33 - 1 Comment
Electron ring images confirm Landau Levels
U. WARWICK (UK) — Physicists have directly imaged Landau Levels for the first time since Nobel Prize-winner Lev Landau conceived of them in 1930.
Landau Levels are quantum levels that determine electron behavior in a strong magnetic field.
Using scanning tunneling spectroscopy—a spatially resolved probe that interacts directly with the electrons—scientists at institutions including the University of Warwick and Tohoku University have revealed the internal ring-like structure of these Landau Levels at the surface of a semiconductor.
In the image, electrons form concentric rings, which increase in number according to their energy level. (Credit: U. Warwick)
Straight from the Source
The experimental challenge in the work was to have sufficient spatial resolution in order to overcome the intrinsic disorder in the material which usually only allows the observation of smeared out "drift" states.
The images clearly show that Landau was right when he predicted that, in a clean system, the electrons would take on the form of concentric rings, the number of which increase according to their energy level.
This simple counting behavior forms the basis of the so-called quantum Hall effect.
While originally of mostly fundamental interest, more recently the effect has been used to define the standard for what we mean by electrical resistance and could soon be employed to define the kilogram as well.
"This is an exciting step for us," says Professor Rudolf Roemer of the department of physics. "We are really seeing for the first time individual quantum mechanical wave functions of electrons in real materials.
"On the face of it this might seem far removed from everyday life. However the question of what defines a kilogram is currently being debated, with the spacing between the rings of these Landau levels acting as a kind of marker for a universal weight.
"So next time you measure out your sugar to bake a cake, you might unknowingly be making use of these quantum rings."
The research was published in the journal Physical Review Letters.
Source: University of Warwick

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Space Foundation Delivers STEM Education Training for Early Childhood Teachers
COLORADO SPRINGS, Colo. (Jun. 22, 2010) -- The Space Foundation is helping early childhood teachers develop activities to interest very young children in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). The 25 teachers enrolled in this week's Space Foundation class "PreK-2 Early Childhood Space Exploration," are learning age-appropriate, hands-on activities they can immediately use with their students.
The class resulted from a new partnership between the Space Foundation and Colorado State University (CSU) - Pueblo, and is held on the CSU - Pueblo campus. Focusing on space and science education for young learners, the PreK-2 course provides early childhood educators the necessary tools to inspire very young children through inquiry-based learning. Young children are naturally curious about the world around them, and teachers can use that curiosity to encourage a lasting interest in STEM subjects.
For more about Space Foundation education programs, click here.
Pictured: Teachers enrolled in the Space Foundation class "PreK-2 Early Childhood Space Exploration," at CSU - Pueblo are learning science lessons to take back to their classrooms. In this lesson, the teachers position objects on special paper then place the paper in sunlight. Shadows emerge where the objects are placed, illustrating how the Sun's light can travel through some objects, and not through others.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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PHOENIX PROCESS™ PULP DIFFERENCES
Due to the milder technology used, the process is done at lower temperature without high pressure tanks. This results in using significantly less energy and lower cost of ton to produce. 20 million KWh less electrical usage which is the equivalent energy to power 3,000 homes.
Process uses between 1/8th and 1/10th the water of a traditional wood pulping process
Washington Department of Ecology has permitted the process as a minor source impact on air. A traditional wood pulp mill utilizes sulfur compounds resulting in NOX & SOX emissions and resulting permitting, controls and regulations. The Phoenix Process is sulfur free thus no traditional pulp mill odors
A mill utilizing the Phoenix Process will have minimal discharge with the process water being recycled or going out as an additional product. Additionally there is minimal solid waste
Because the basic raw material is a waste product and due to the low impact of the process (energy use, chemical usage and fiber yield), operating costs are a fraction of the competing wood fiber mills (between 50 and 60% of their costs)


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Hobby Farming For Dummies
Part I: Hobby Farms 101.
Chapter 1: Heading for the Country.
Chapter 2: Before Taking the Plunge: Is This the Life for You?
Chapter 3: Finding Your Place in the Sun.
Chapter 4: Getting Along with Your Neighbors.
Part II: Down on the Farm: Getting Your Property in Order.
Chapter 5: Getting Out of the House: Outbuildings and Enclosures.
Chapter 6: Gearing Up with the Right Tools, Clothes, and Equipment.
Chapter 7: Saving, Using, and Making Power on the Farm.
Chapter 8: Managing and Accessing Your Land and Natural Resources.
Part III: Calling In the Critters: What's a Farm without Animals?
Chapter 9: What Kinds of Critters Should You Get?
Chapter 10: Acquiring Animals for Your Farm.
Chapter 11: Caring for and Feeding Your Animals.
Chapter 12: Critter Care: Providing Medical Attention for Your Animals.
Part IV: Choosing and Growing Plants and Crops.
Chapter 13: Deciding What and How Much of It to Grow.
Chapter 14: Getting Those Plants Started.
Part V: Using the Fruits of Your Labor.
Chapter 15: Preserving and Using Food Items.
Chapter 16: Where's the Beef? From Hoof to Table.
Chapter 17: Preparing Fiber and Making Crafty Goods.
Chapter 18: Dealing with the Less Desirable Stuff.
Part VI: The Part of Tens.
Chapter 19: Ten Opportunities for Community Fun.
Chapter 20: Ten Misconceptions about Farm Living.
Part VII: Appendixes.
Appendix A: Helpful Resources.
Appendix B: Glossary.


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Upon its dedication in 1885, the Washington Monument was the tallest structure in the world. Begun in 1848 to honor George Washington, the structure wasn't completed for over 36 years. Construction and financing problems slowed progress and the Civil War halted it completely.
In 1876, after construction had resumed, chief engineer Lt. Colonel Thomas Lincoln Casey determined that the base was too shallow and narrow to support the weight of the planned monument. (At that point, the in-progress monument already stood over 176 feet.) Under Casey's direction, the earth below the foundation was replaced with concrete, as was the original rubblestone base.
The monument is topped by a 55-foot pyramidion that begins at the 500-foot level. It weighs 336 tons and is covered with 262 marble slabs, each seven inches thick. Special machinery, platforms, and derricks were designed to build and assemble the massive top, which took six months of labor to complete.
- The monument is 555 feet tall and is modeled after an Egyptian obelisk. An obelisk is a tapering, four-sided stone structure where the height is 10 times the width of the base.
- Beginning at the 452-foot level, walls are entirely marble.
- The slim silhouette is just over 55 feet square at the base and narrows to just under 40 feet at the top of the shaft, 500 feet above the ground.
- The weight of the completed obelisk was so well distributed that it can withstand winds up to 145 miles per hour. A 30-mph wind causes a sway of just 0.125 inch at the peak.
- Thomas B. Allen, The Washington Monument: It Stands for All, New York: Discovery Books, 2000.
- U.S. Senate proceedings on the McMillan Plan for the monument grounds, 1902


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Velvet worms spin web of intrigue
Velvet worm
The Australian velvet worm Euperipatoides rowelli is a living fossil that has been puzzling researchers for years (Image: Paul Sunnucks)
The soft and elusive velvet worm might look like a pretty caterpillar. But its brain is strikingly similar to that of a spider, new international research shows.
The architecture of the worm's brain has more in common with a spider's brain than with the brains of other arthropods, researchers report in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.
Velvet worms have a body formation between that of a worm and an insect and for many years scientists believed they were the'missing link' between the two.
This view was supported not only by the way they look, but also by the fact that they date back 540 million years.
Researchers including Associate Professor David Rowell from the Australian National University in Canberra were interested in finding out whether this was true.
They found out that the worms are not a sister group of the arthropods, but lie within the arthropods and share a common ancestry.
The team catalogued aspects of the microanatomy of various arthropod brains and then loaded the information into a computer program designed to sort out molecular lineages and create a 'family tree'.
"We found the [worms] did actually fall within the arthropods and are very similar to the chelicerates [spiders and scorpions]. The brains of the velvet worms looked strikingly like spider brains," Rowell says.
"That's interesting for a number of reasons. Firstly because it's not something we've seen before, and secondly because the worms don't carry many of the body characteristics of the chelicerates and yet their brain structure suggests that they are [similar].
"We can only assume that [over time] they lost a lot of the characters that identified them as chelicerates."
Velvet worms, or onychophorans, are extremely rare and are only found along the east coast of Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand, South Africa, South America and along the tropics.
Contrary to the way they look, they are vicious carnivores that "eat almost anything that moves", Rowell says.
They trap their prey by firing a sticky goo over them.
Tags: environment, palaeontology, zoology


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Definition: (noun) the Islamic call to prayer
To hear what the adhan sounds like, please visit one of the audio links below.
Pronunciation: Athan where "th" is as in the English word "the"
Alternate Spellings: azan, athan
Examples:When the adhan was called, the Muslims went to the masjed for prayer.


A guide to deposit protection schemes
As a landlord there are plenty of different rules and regulations that you need to think about in order to rent out your property. One of the biggest of these are Deposit Protection Schemes (DPS) but what are these schemes and why is it so vital that you have an awareness and understanding of how they work?
What is DPS?
When you rent a property, whether privately or through a letting agent, then you will have most likely been asked to pay a deposit. This deposit will depend on the property that you are renting as well as the agreement that you have with the landlord or agent. The important thing is the way the deposit is handled.
Any property that has been rented after the 6th April 2007 requires the landlord to place the paid deposit it a tenancy deposit scheme which is government backed.
There are a variety of different schemes out there that the landlord can decide to use, however, it has to be recognised and backed by the Government. As a landlord, you are also responsible for advising the tenant where their deposit is held and how they can raise a dispute should they require it later on in the process.
Why do you need it?
The idea behind a deposit is that it is a sum of money paid by the tenant to ensure that they look after and maintain the property whilst they rent it from you. If there are any problems when they leave the property such as overdue rent or damage, then the deposit can be withheld in order to meet the costs paid out by the landlord or the letting agent.
Without a deposit being paid into a DPS the landlord is liable, not the tenant. A tenant can seek legal advice as to whether or not their landlord has acted correctly, and if they haven't then regardless of the situation the landlord will need to either repay the deposit back to the tenant or find a DPS that they can place it into.
In some circumstances, a landlord may also find that the court order them to pay out as much as three times the deposit that the tenant paid, back to the tenant, all within 14 days of them making the order.
If this wasn't enough to convince you, then it is important to remember that you always want to be seen in a good light. Whilst being a landlord isn't a job as such, it is something that you should approach seriously and want to do properly. Not only will this help you along the way but will also ensure that your tenants see you as a landlord that they want to continue to rent with.
As you can see, DPS is an incredibly important part of letting out a property and is a part of the process that you should never ignore. Not only does it protect you, but also your tenants too, making sure that you are taking the first steps towards being the very best landlord that you can be.
Need further info on this or any letting related matter? Please contact Cooper Adams


how can i make my own firesteel?
is there any way i can make a small firesteel keyring and if there is can you post a link to instructions for it!!! thanks!!!
How to make the stick itself? You can't. It's patented. Flint is just as good. Magnesium and flint is better. Go to the camping section and buy a magnesium fire starter+flint for $3.
jonjones484 years ago
fire-steel is actually not easy to make. fire steel is an "pyrophoric. usually fire-steel is made by extruding an alloy of: A) cadmium-iron-carbon B) boron-phporus-iron-carbon C) boron-manganese-iron-carbon and so on... they're steel rods softened by an additive and/or have increased flamabily from another additive.
haulbag4 years ago
I once had a "Mountain Man" at a Boy Scout encampment show us how to make fire steel. First, he had taken an old garage door spring, heated it, and let the high-carbon steel slowly cool to take the temper out of it. He then heated it and straightened it out while it was hot. Then, he cut it into 8 to 10 inch sections. Next, he heated coal in about a 24 inch diameter metal bowl-like contraption used for blacksmithing. He threw the rods of steel into the coal and heated it with a bellows until the steel pieces glowed red. We then used tongs to pull out a piece and shaped it with hammers and pliers into a semi-flattened, C-like shape that would fit around the knuckles of your hand and grip your index and pinky fingers. Then we reheated the metal to glowing red. Next, we took out the steel piece and dropped it into cold water to temper it.
To use it to light charcloth, you put the steel around your fist and strike it on something hard and sharp-edged, like a chipped piece of flint. Here's an excellent article about making charcloth:
I suppose this would also work if you just left the steel in the shape of a straight rod and scraped it with a sharp knife or other hard and sharp-edged implement. It is the burning bits of steel, and not the flint, that makes the spark.


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Why should you participate: Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) forms one of the three main pillars ( apart from routine light microscopy & direct immunofluoroscence studies) which define the practice of Renal pathology. Several renal diseases cannot be diagnosed without ultrastructural analysis and others require EM studies for either confirmation or further insight in the disease process. Thus, it is recommended, most renal biopsies (including renal allograft biopsies) should also be subjected to EM examination, in addition to the light microscopic and immunofluorescence studies. This talk would highlight the role of transmission electron microscopy in the field of Renal Pathology and how it influences the clinical practice and decision making in the fields of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation.
HOD, Renal Pathology & Electron Microscopy,
National Reference Laboratory (NRL),
Dr Lal PathLabs Ltd. New Delhi
I accept all
terms and conditions


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To configure Web resource authentication in the BA Server to correspond with your user roles, follow the below instructions.
Note: These instructions are valid across all security DAOs.
- Ensure that the BA Server is not currently running; if it is, run the stop-pentaho script.
- Open a terminal or command prompt window and navigate to the.../pentaho-solutions/system/ directory.
- Edit the applicationContext-spring-security.xml file with a text editor.
- Find and examine the following property:
- Modify the regex patterns to include your roles. The objectDefinitionSource property associates URL patterns with roles. RoleVoter specifies that if any role on the right hand side of the equals sign is granted to the user, the user may view any page that matches that URL pattern. The default roles in this file are not required; you can replace, delete, or change them in any way that suits you.
You should now have coarse-grained permissions established for user roles.


What are the moral lessons in "A Poison Tree" by William Blake?
Expert Answers
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This poem operates at the intersection of ethics and emotion. You can't discuss the moral lessons of the poem without discussing what emotions are found in it.
In the first stanza, the narrator describes two instances in which he's angry. In the first, he's angry with a friend and expresses that anger, and it passes. In the second, he's angry with an enemy, and he does not express it. The anger doesn't pass, but instead increases. This is a lesson about emotion, but it spills into morality: how you handle your relationships and emotions determines what you feel later. More simply, when you communicate about your anger, you can let it go.
The later stanzas describe the narrator tending his anger like a garden (or at least a poison tree in a garden). As he tends his anger, feeding it with fear, it grows. It appears to be a healthy fruit, but it isn't. This has more lessons on emotion: fear and anger are linked.
In the final stanza, the enemy eats the poison fruit and dies. The emotional lesson here is clear: anger is deadly. Taken together, lessons can be drawn.
Be careful how you treat your anger.
Anger can appear attractive on the surface.
Anger is ultimately deadly.
The explicitly moral lesson is "don't feed your anger."
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William Blake intends, in A Poison Tree, to warn his readers that if they ignore his message regarding the "deceitful wiles" that cause hatred to intensify due to a lack of communication, they too can end up "outstretch'd beneath the tree" or be a person destroyed by his own "wrath." In the poem, the narrator's "foe" becomes less afraid of the narrator, and does not realize the depth of his hatred as the narrator "sunned it with smiles" misleading the enemy. The deceit becomes so intense that it bears "an apple bright." Most readers would be familiar with any story of the core or center of an apple being bad, as it appears in The Creation, when Eve first eats from the apple and then deceives Adamthe figurative "poison" being how they lost their innocence and Eve effectively poisoned Adam's mind and also in Snow White, the wicked queen deceives Snow White, also an innocent young girl literally poisoned.
The moral lessons in A Poison Tree include the need to be cautious of the motives of others and the ability of others to manipulate the innocent. Furthermore, the reader should recognize evil within himself before it becomes destructive and he is "glad" to see his enemy dead, even though he lured him to his death. The reader should ensure open communication and should not nurture hatred or "wrath" or it will "grow."
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Fisheries Management in Public Waters
The Aquatic Education Program consists of three key components: Youth Education; Adult Education; and Kids Fishing. Youth Education involves training educators to use Aquatic Project WILD (APW), an award winning environmental and conservation program of instructional workshops and supplementary curriculum materials for kindergarten through twelfth grade teachers. About 1,000 educators are trained annually to use APW in their classrooms. Wildlife Resources Division (WRD) staff also use APW materials when giving presentations to youth in schools and at WRD facilities. Educational materials, including posters and lesson planning material, are produced to assist educators teaching youth about aquatic resources.
Adult Education consists primarily of producing materials such as the annual Freshwater and Saltwater Sport Fishing Regulations, news releases, public service announcements, brochures and programs. Fish identification aids, fish consumption advisories, how to handle and release fish properly, and suggested places to go fishing are examples of educational material that are included in the fishing regulations booklet. Brochures are produced and updated regularly that offer the public information on where to go fishing, how to get started, and what kind of fishing to expect on major reservoirs and rivers. Fisheries personnel also make presentations to various organizations and staff booths at large events such as the Georgia National Fair and the Atlanta and Perry Fisheramas. Aquatic Education opportunities for all ages are available to visitors at Fisheries Section facilities, where signs and trails provide an opportunity to learn more about what the Section does and why, and about the aquatic resources in the area.
Kids Fishing Events (KFEâ€™s) are popular community activities that introduce youth under age 16 and their families to the joys of fishing and promote a better understanding of the natural environment. KFEâ€™s provide an opportunity for youth to fish, often for the first time, where knowledgeable volunteers are available to assist and where the probability of catching a fish is high. WRD co-sponsors most events by providing channel catfish and trout to enhance fish populations, educational materials for the participants, and technical assistance. KFEâ€™s are also conducted by fisheries staff at fish hatcheries and PFAâ€™s.
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Accu-Chek Performa is known as the hospital standard blood glucose system you can trust because of the following:
Meets the latest international accuracy standard for blood glucose monitoring systems ISO 15197:20131 and it is widely used by hospitals in Malaysia2.
Meets international quality standards (ISO 13485)2.
Built-in safety features that ensure reliable and accurate results.
1. Accu-Chek Performa Test Strip Pack Insert, 2016
2. Data on file
Mutant variant of quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase (Mut. Q-GDH), electrochemical
Temperature: 8°C to 44°C
-25°C to 70°C
500 blood glucose results and 20 control tests results with time and date
7, 14, 30 and 90 days
93 x 52 x 22 mm
62g with battery
Yes (factory setting ON)
1 battery, 3V type 2032
0 to 3,094 m (0 to 10,150 ft.)
0.6 mmol/L – 33.3 mmol/L
Capillary, venous, arterial, and neonate
Capillary fill function
10 to 65%
Test strips remain stable up to expiry date printed on test strip vial, even after opening (test strip container must be closed tightly after each test strip is removed)
Get results in 3 steps:


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Google is offering advice to its users on implementing a search-friendly version of infinite scroll. In a recent post on the Webmaster Central Blog, Google recommends that the infinite scroll can be made search friendly by converting it to paginated series.
According to the post, the problem with infinite scroll is that the search engine spiders cannot surpass manual user behavior like scrolling to the bottom of the page or clicking to load the next page. This means that the spiders can't access all the content. As such, there are rare chances of the content appearing in the search results.
The infinite scroll with pagination demo, created by Webmaster Trends Analyst, John Mueller, indicates that when infinite scroll is coincided with paginated series, then all the individual items are accessible and there is no duplication of the items.
Other recommendations for infinite scroll:
Google has further added some points in the search friendly recommendations for infinite scroll pages:
- Determine how much content to include on each page. Be sure that if a searcher came directly to the page, they could easily find the exact item they wanted.
- Each component page should contain a full URL and have a reasonable page load time.
- Create parameters that can surface valuable content to searchers and make sure that the URL shows the same content two weeks later.
- Configure pagination with each component page containing rel=next and rel=prev values in the .
- Implement push state for any user action that resembles a click or actively turning a page.
- Check that page values adjust as the user scrolls up or down and verify that pages that are out-of-bounds in the series return a 404 response.


PokéBase - Pokémon Q&A
0 votes
I'm guessing Alakazam or Metagross.
Just curious. XD
The one that has eaten all our Gummis in EOS.
5 Answers
8 votes
Best answer
Pokedex Entry
>Alakazam's brain continually grows, infinitely multiplying brain cells. This amazing brain gives this Pokémon an astoundingly high IQ of 5,000. It has a thorough memory of everything that has occurred in the world.
Once again, Pokedex Entry.
Now, the question is:
Which one has higher IQ? Which one is cleverer? Which one is smarter?
To answer this, we need to know what IQ means in terms of a supercomputer. How much IQ does a supercomputer have?
enter image description here
According to this website,
>One of the world's smartest computers took an intelligence test and scored as well as a four-year-old human being.
>The computer basically can name the dots, but can't connect them.
From here on, it seems simpler. Basically, Metagross can solve equations, but not necessarily understand them, or know them. On the other hand, Alakazam has the ability to know and remember everything in the world. Implying that not only does it know the equation that Metagross solves within seconds, but also why, and the answer, kind of before hand. Also, the Dex entry talks of infinite brain-cell generating capabilities, that, in my opinion, out-trumps Metagross without a doubt.
Also, Metagross can only analyze, meaning it would probably fail the Turing test (keep in mind, however, it does use this in battles, so it is question of whether it is acting them out as simulations, or as actual strategies. If they are merely simulations, then it is not AI, but given that it acts based on the simulations, it may be AI). Now, Alakazam, as we know, has Intelligence of its own, and acts based on strategies it creates, as opposed to Metagross, instead of creating simulations, and discarding those that aren't beneficial.
tl;dr: Metagross solves stuff, Alakazam already knows the answer.
Alakazam Wins.
enter image description here
Had to upload this genius from RareCandyTreatment :3
selected by
Alakazam: Solved a 5 x 5 rubik's cube in 78 seconds
All hail alakazam
You're awesome, Infinity.
But doesn't Uxie technically have the highest IQ? Seeing as it is the embodiment of Knowledge.
I could actually disagree for good reasons here, but then we would end up with rocket science and "why einstein was wrong" arguments xD
Thanks a bunch Infinity(cool name).
How kind of you to say that, Astro! :3 (No seriously, you made my day!)
Well, about Uxie, it IS legendary Pokemon created SPECIFICALLY to represent Knowledge itself. If you think of it as an embodiment, or a rather, spirit, or entity, designed to keep things in check, as opposed to a Pokemon then indeed, Uxie can't be compared to either of the above Pokemon in terms of IQ.
And, Luke, no problem at all, man! I had fun thinking about the answer to this, and digging up stuff that I hadn't known previously either! It was a great question, one that forced me to think about super-computers and other stuff that Alan Turing was good at. As for the name, glad that you like it. It is, to be honest, a kind of a play on my actual name (or rather, its translation). + It sounds cool af. :3
That comic is still as fun :)
if it can recall everything since it was born, why can't it recall the move role play if it learned it before?
0 votes
I would go for Metagross because (Not only I like it) It has FOUR brains. Take that Alakazam. Alakazam's brain only grows but it doesn't have 4.
So say 1000 IQ for each brain he would only be 4000 IQ.
But then Alakazam had has 5000 so it could be him.
So I rekon overall... Alakazam wins
edited by
I know it is confusing so just read the BOLD writing.
0 votes
As far as I know, Alakazam is the only Pokemon that has had their IQ stated. Alakazam's IQ is also probably the highest because it's IQ is said to be around/over 5,000. We also know Metagross is very smart because it's Pokedex entries say that it's four brains are able to calculate difficult problems faster than a supercomputer. It doesn't tell Metagross's exact IQ but it tells that it is very smart.
Pokemon that also (probably) have a high IQ (Maybe the highest)
Lapras: Some of Lapras's Pokedex entries state that it is highly intelligent and it can understand human speech.
>Its high intelligence enables it to understand human speech. It likes to ferry people on its back.
Uxie: Uxie is the being of knowledge, it is most likely very smart.
Arceus: Arceus is the god of Pokemon, God knows everything.
Mew: The ancestor of all Pokemon must be very smart.
Beldum & Metang: The pre-evolutions of Metagross, Metagross is smart so Metang & Beldum are most likely smart.
Abra & Kadabra: Same thing with Beldum & Metang, they are the pre evolutions of Alakazam
Slowking: Look at dex entries. (Thanks Astro!!)
Hope I helped!
and knowledge.
edited by
Isn't Slowking hyperintelligent as well?
I knew I was onto something with slowbro!!!
Ancestor of all pokemon must be smart? Say that to microbes
0 votes
Metagross Ruby entry: METAGROSS has four brains in total. Combined, the four brains can breeze through difficult calculations faster than a supercomputer. This POKéMON can float in the air by tucking in its four legs
>Alakazam Red and Blue entry: Its brain can outperform a supercomputer. Its intelligence quotient is said to be 5,000.
Ok so both outperform a Super computer. Intelligent, huh? The highest IQ in the world is 154. So 5000 is a lot. If each Metang's iq was 500, it couldn't beat Alakazam.
So there, Alakazam, way to go.
But there is no proof for alakazam to have the highest IQ as it is the only Pokemon to have their IQ stated.
0 votes
Actually unlike everyone else I have to disagree completely with everone.
Either Uxie or Arceus.
Arceus because its the god of Pokemon and so knows everything and is 'all knowing'
Uxie is the Pokemon of wisdom and so technically theoretically has the highest IQ.
I said that they might
Seems probable.
but they can still only know 4 moves and can't use potions by themselves...
Thats only in the game so it would be fair. If they could do that, everyone would be using them! Maybe they could, but perhaps they have battling laws for that or something. The games are just pieces of coding.
What sapphire said, all Pokemon can learn only 4 moves, if any Pokemon could learn more than 4 moves would give it an unfair advantage (beside maybe magikarp where it would do absolutely NOTHING)
The Christian God is all knowing but Pokemon theology seems to be a bit different. It probably more closely models eastern religions where gods are more limited to roles or represent a universal energy or something like that. In Pokemon theology arceus may be God and still not all knowing. Uxie still stands out though. But wisdom and intelligence can be argued as not the same.
To quote Dexter Jettster her, "You'd think you Jedi Knights would know the difference between knowledge and… wisdom. Heh heh heh."


text:
The risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and for severe COVID-19 appear to share a common genetic mechanism that is involved with the immune response to viruses. This does not mean that COVID-19 increases the risk for Alzheimer's disease, only that there appears to be a single genetic variant that increases the risk for both.
Researchers found that one genetic variant in the oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1) gene increases both the risk for AD of severe COVID-19 outcomes.
Risk for Alzheimer's disease and susceptibility to severe COVID-19 share a common genetic mechanism involved in the immune response to viruses, according to a peer-reviewed article just published. The findings could lead to new treatment targets to slow the progression and severity of both diseases. If these findings bear out, it could suggest new drugs that could treat both diseases.Continue reading "Severe COVID-19 and Alzheimer's disease risk may share a genetic link"


sound decision definition, sound decision meaning | English dictionary
a a periodic disturbance in the pressure or density of a fluid or in the elastic strain of a solid, produced by a vibrating object. It has a velocity in air at sea level at 0°C of 332 metres per second (743 miles per hour) and travels as longitudinal waves
b (as modifier)
a sound wave
2 modifier of or relating to radio as distinguished from television
sound broadcasting, sound radio
3 the sensation produced by such a periodic disturbance in the organs of hearing
4 anything that can be heard
5 a particular instance, quality, or type of sound
the sound of running water
6 volume or quality of sound
a radio with poor sound
7 the area or distance over which something can be heard
to be born within the sound of Big Ben
8 the impression or implication of something
I don't like the sound of that
9 (Phonetics) the auditory effect produced by a specific articulation or set of related articulations
10 often pl
Slang music, esp. rock, jazz, or pop
11 to cause (something, such as an instrument) to make a sound or (of an instrument, etc.) to emit a sound
12 to announce or be announced by a sound
to sound the alarm
13 intr (of a sound) to be heard
14 intr to resonate with a certain quality or intensity
to sound loud
15 copula to give the impression of being as specified when read, heard, etc.
to sound reasonable
16 tr to pronounce distinctly or audibly
to sound one's consonants
17 intr; usually foll by: in (Law) to have the essential quality or nature (of)
an action sounding in damages (See also) sound off
 (C13: from Old French soner to make a sound, from Latin sonare, from sonus a sound)
 soundable adj
English Collins Dictionary - English Definition & Thesaurus
See also:
sound, sound, sound, Sound
Collaborative Dictionary English Definition
the decision is yours
to say, pronounce, speak
ex.: The child sounded out each word out loud as she read her book.
(of sound) hollow and deep-sounding
Bookish knowledge; knowledge obtained through hearsay, has no sound basis
word used to describe the sound made by the wheels of a train
by extension, it can be applied to other rhythmic similar sounds (for example, the sound of a clock or of a typing machine)
cela te dirait de?
it sounds interesting or attractive
avec de l'imagination on prend le son pour de la farine
ability to make decisions and take action without waiting for someone to tell you what to do
I showed my initiative when I became a group leader in class.
cela est évident, irréfutable
cela est évident, irréfutable
Or sign up in the traditional way
 - Create your own vocabulary list
 - Contribute to the Collaborative Dictionary
 - Improve and share your linguistic knowledge


text:
|Scheffrahn, R - UNIV OF FLORIDA|
|Su, N - UNIV OF FLORIDA|
Submitted to: Sociobiology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: March 1, 1997
Publication Date: N/A
Interpretive Summary: Heat treatments for the control of drywood termite infestations were investigated. The two major drywood termite pests of Florida were tested for their heat tolerance. Additional studies were conducted to determine the influence of relative humidity, the rate of temperature increase, and the temperature at which the termites were raised on termite heat tolerance. We found that effective eastern drywood termite control could be achieved when exposed to temperatures of 48 or 50 C for 10 or 4 minutes, respectively. Neither humidity nor the temperature at which the termites were raised had an effect of heat tolerance. However, the termites were more sensitive to slower than more rapid heating rates. Although the current heat treatment recommendations may be excessive they should be effective at controlling infestations by these species. Expenses could be reduced by decreasing the temperate or exposure time of the treatment.
Technical Abstract: Heat tolerance studies were conducted against CryHeaptotermes brevis and Incisitermes snyderi pseudergates to determine temperature and heating time requirements at target sites for controlling structural infestations. Complete mortality of C. brevis was obtained following exposure times of 4 and 10 min at 50 and 48 C, respectively, while I. snyderi required a minimum 15 min exposure at 50 C. Relative humilities (RH, ca 10, 50, and 90%) did not significantly influence the heat tolerance of C. brevis. Mortality was similar in termites exposed to these RH levels within exposure times (25, 35, and 45 min) when termites were heated to 45 C indicating that the amount of water vapor in the air had no effect on heat tolerance of this species. The rate at which the temperature was increased significantly affected C. brevis mortality only at 50 C with a 1 min hold time. Pseudergates treated with the slowest temperature increase (0.5 C/min) had the highest mortality compared with the more rapid increases (1.0 and 3.0 C/min). Gradual acclimation of C. brevis pseudergates at 35 C for 10 d had no significant effect on heat tolerance. The recommended commercial exposure of 54.4 C internal wood temperature for 60 min will achieve control of economically important drywood termites in Florida and could be substantially reduced if temperature of all target sites can be monitored


.PLX File Extension
PERL programming language script
Question: What is an PLX File?
Have you found, downloaded or received an PLX file, but don't know which software program is required to open it?
Before attempting to open an PLX file, you'll need to determine what kind of file you are dealing with and whether it is even possible to open or view the file format.
Answer: Files which are given the.PLX extension are known as PERL programming language script files, however other file types may also use this extension. If you are aware of any additional file formats that use the PLX extension, please let us know.
How to open a PLX file:
The best way to open an PLX file is to simply double-click it and let the default assoisated application open the file. If you are unable to open the file this way, it may be because you do not have the correct application associated with the extension to view or edit the PLX file.
Tip: Try to open the PLX file using a text-editor such as Notepad, as many file types contain simply contain unformatted plain-text and can viewed correctly using this method.
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Comments (1)
showing 1-1
2011-04-05 13:40:57
I am looking for what type of programs are compatible in importing.plx files. Also if the origin of the program (which is unknown in this case) would be standard or metric.


[Haskell-cafe] 2 HaXml questions
Marc Weber marco-oweber at gmx.de
Thu Apr 19 13:56:08 EDT 2007
 After filtering the content I want to use how do I extract the text?
 a = xtract "html/body/h2/-"
 which should return the text contained in the h2 tag.
 There is a parser called text which returns the text but I don't know
 how to use it? Is there a much simpler way I have missed?
 What is a CRef? When are they used?
More information about the Haskell-Cafe mailing list


Why Do Peanut Butter Cookies Have Criss Cross Marks on Them
I have to admit I am not a big baker. This topic is a little beyond my scope of baking knowledge but I will try my best to find the underlying cause of this issue. It has become traditional to put marks with a fork on peanut butter cookies because it has always been done that way. The first cookbook with peanut butter cookies came from Ruth Wakefield's Tollhouse in 1936. What is the thought behind the marks? Well there are a couple of trains of thought on this one. In fact, some of them are somewhat funny. Some think the criss cross is a warning. Others think it has religious undertones either good or evil! Still others think it is to mark the cookies so you know what they are. Remember some people have allergies to nuts. This would be one way to let them know the peanut ingredient within the cookies.
However, this one explanation makes sense. In the early 1930's recipes began to tell cooks to make a criss cross pattern on the cookies. People also refer to them as hatch marks. It did not tell them why? Over the years, cooks have come to their own conclusions. One such conclusion is that it flattens the dough and thus making them crispier. I would tend to agree. Another reasonable explanation is that it flattens the dough so it can bake more evenly. In researching this topic, it seems that flattening the dough actually helps to keep the cookie dough together and uniformed. Otherwise, it may just crumble apart while baking. Could it be that all this guessing and hindsight is for nothing? Perhaps it is just a design for the cookie. Just something to dress it up? Maybe there is no real significance to the forked criss cross pattern after all.
Being a Christian myself, I like the thought that it has a religious meaning. It is thought that the marks are actually a holy image of the cross. This could have been a way to protect the people eating the cookies, which were probably your own family. That is a nice and protecting thought. So there you have the reasons and thoughts behind the criss cross marks made on peanut butter cookies. Which one do you think is true? The next time you have a peanut butter cookie maybe you will figure it out.
4 thoughts on "Why Do Peanut Butter Cookies Have Criss Cross Marks on Them"
 1. I thought it was because Peanut Butter cookies don't spread out in the oven like chocolate chip and other cookies. So, in order to have a flat cookie shape, you have to roll a ball, put it on the cookie sheet, and flatten it with a fork. That's what makes the criss-crosses – the fork flattening. And the crosses are only on Peanut Butter cookies because they are the only cookies that you need to do this for them to bake right. All other cookies, you roll into a ball, place on the sheet, and then let the oven flatten them while they bake. No fork needed. Thus, no criss-crosses.
Leave a Reply


text:
Understanding the US/Mexico Border through experiential education
Annunciation House has been working in El Paso/Ciudad Juarez since 1978 operating houses of hospitality for migrants and refugees. Annunciation House is a Catholic organization that accompanies the migrant, homeless, and economically vulnerable peoples of the border region through hospitality, advocacy, and education. It has an all volunteer staff who place themselves among these poor so as transform their understanding of what constitutes more just relationships between peoples, countries, and economies.
In the early 1990s Annunciation House developed the Border Awareness Experience (BAE). The objective of the BAE is to facilitate face to face meetings and encounters between participants and people and groups on both sides of the border. It intends to raise consciousness about the issues facing the border such as immigration, economic development, human rights, and social justice. The BAE also educates North Americans about our role and responsibilities in today's globalized world.
The US/Mexico border is a unique are where the 'First World' meets the 'Third World'. It is a region where multiple factors (social, political, economic, cultural, environmental) come into play. It is worth understanding for its own intrinsic value, but perhaps more importantly, we can learn much by seeing the border as a microcosm of today's globalized economy.
The El Paso and Ciudad Juarez metropolitan area is the biggest border community in the world. The combined population of both cities is close to 3 million people. Since 1964 Juarez has experienced enormous population growth due to the influx of maquiladora factories. These factories have provided jobs but also caused various social problems that afflict the city. El Paso and Ciudad Juarez are also one of the main entry points into the US for undocumented workers and drugs.
The BAE is an immersion experience. More than being an informational tour, it seeks to immerse the participants in the border culture and realities of the many people and groups that live and work here. The food that you will eat and the conditions which you will live in are as much a part of the experience as the people and groups that you will meet
What is a typical day on a BAE?
A typical day may include:
- Visiting the US Border Patrol
- Listening to the stories of migrants and refugees
- Touring a maquiladora
- Meeting human rights activists
- Staying in a migrant shelter
- All participants, regardless of faith, backgrounds, and beliefs are welcome.
- Cost is $80 per person per day.
- Pack lightly.
- Accommodation is dormitory style.
- Bedding is provided.
- Three meals a day will be provided. Food is simple but filling.
- US citizens will need a passport or original birth certificate.
- Non-US citizens will need correct documentation or visas.
- Daily reflections/debriefings are an integral part of the BAE.
- Spanish is not required since translation will be provided.
If you would like more information or would like to inquire about participating in a BAE please contact at the address below or through this email form:
815 Myrtle Ave,
El Paso, TX 79901
Phone: _PHONE_


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The term paraskevidekatriaphobia was first coined in the early nineties by Dr. Donald E. Dossey, an American psychotherapist specialising in phobias and stress management, who reputedly claimed that when someone was able to pronounce the word they were cured. The term is based on the Greek words paraskevi ('Friday') and dekatria ('thirteen') with -phobia as a suffix to indicate 'fear'.
No-one is quite certain why people associate Friday the 13th with bad luck. Various theories have been put forward over the years, including Friday as the day of Christ's crucifixion and the ancient Egyptian belief that the 13th stage of life is death. Whatever the roots of this irrational fear, it seems to represent a very real concern to many people, so much so that a 1993 article in the British Medical Journal investigated the relation between 'health, behaviour and superstition surrounding Friday the 13th in the United Kingdom'.
The study reported the surprising finding that, despite the fact that fewer people chose to travel on Friday 13th, there were significantly more hospital admissions due to accidents than there were on 'normal' Fridays!


[Skip to Content]
Definition: Glucagon
Glucagon is a hormone that raises the level of glucose (a type of sugar) in the blood. The pancreas produces glucagon and releases it when the body needs more sugar in the blood for delivery to the cells. When someone with diabetes has a very low blood glucose level, a glucagon injection can help raise the blood glucose quickly.


text:
In the News
Research indicates that sports participation and active commuting to school would significantly decrease obesity prevalence in adolescents.
As reported in the July 2012 issue of Pediatrics, we surveyed 1718 high school students and asked them about their team sports participation, active commuting to school, recreational physical activity, height, weight, diet quality, and other individual characteristics.
We found 4 key points:
- Adolescents playing on 2 sports teams were 22% less likely to be overweight/obese and 39% less likely to be obese compared with adolescents not playing on any sports teams.
- The prevalence of overweight/obesity and obesity would decrease by 11% and 26%, respectively, if all adolescents played on 2 sports teams per year.
- Adolescents who walked/biked to school at least 4 days per week were 33% less likely to be obese compared with those who never walked/biked to school.
- The prevalence of obesity would decrease by 22% if all adolescents walked/biked to school at least 4 days per week.
Sports participation typically involves consistent moderate to vigorous physical activity, which may account for its robust inverse relationship with high-risk weight status. Active commuting to school may also be a fruitful strategy for decreasing childhood obesity. To combat dwindling active commuting rates in youths in recent decades, federally-funded Safe Route to School programs are providing the necessary infrastructure to support active commuting to school. Based on our results, interventions that facilitate sport participation in adolescents of all ability levels should be prioritized for obesity prevention.
Authors: Keith M. Drake, Ph.D., Michael L. Beach, M.D., Ph.D., Meghan R. Longacre, Ph.D., Todd MacKenzie, Ph.D., Linda J. Titus, Ph.D., Andrew G. Rundle, Dr.P.H., Madeline A. Dalton, Ph.D.
Study examines links between movie smoking, team sport participation and youth smoking.
As reported in the July 2009 issue of Archives of Pediatric & Adolescent Medicine, we examined the joint effects of movie smoking exposure and team sports participation on established smoking. We analyzed data from school and telephone-based surveys that assessed movie smoking exposure and team sports participation in 2,048 youths aged 16-21 years.
We found two key points: team sports participation lowers the risk of youth smoking. However, the more movie smoking that team sports players see, the greater the likelihood that they will be smokers.
This study adds to the mounting evidence that explicit policies are needed to minimize youth exposure to movie smoking.
What can parents do?
- Monitor what movies your child watches.
- Restrict R-rated movies.
- Use online tools designed for parents, including screenit.com and commonsensemedia.org, to be informed about the amount of smoking in a specific movie.
Parents, teachers, coaches, and clinicians should be aware that encouraging team sports participation in tandem with minimizing early exposure to movie smoking may offer the greatest likelihood of preventing youth smoking.
Lead author Anna Adachi-Mejia, Ph.D.


text:
Once you have accumulated the essentials, camping is a relatively inexpensive hobby. However, tents are significant purchases that often cost several hundred dollars. Fortunately, you can construct your own tent for a fraction of that price. While such tents are not luxurious, they shield you from the elements and disassemble easily, making them convenient to pitch, pack and store.
Measure, mark and cut three 8-foot-long sections of PVC pipe and four 3-foot-long sections of PVC pipe using the tape measure, marker and hacksaw.
Place a three-way connector on each end of an 8-foot-long pipe. This will serve as the spine of the tent. Attach two 3-foot-long pipes into each of the open receptacles of the three-way connectors. The spine should now have four, angled legs.
Place a 90-degree PVC connector on each of the four legs. Insert the remaining 8-foot-long sections between the connectors, to form the bottom border of each side panel.
Drape the tarp over the frame's spine. Thread the zip ties through the grommets of the tarp and around the PVC pipes. Cinch the zip ties until they are tight and then cut off the excess with the scissors.
Measure and cut four 2-foot-long lengths of nylon cord. Tie one cord to each stake. Drive the tent stakes into the ground using the mallet, placing them near the tent's four corners. Tie the free end of each cord to the corresponding corner of the tent's frame.
Use the tape measure to help you fold the second tarp into a rectangle approximately 6 feet and 10 inches long by 4 feet and 1 inch wide. This tarp serves as the ground cloth; place it inside the completed tent. It is important that the ground cloth is slightly smaller than the footprint of the tent – if the ground cloth extends beyond the perimeter of the tent, rainwater can roll under the tent's walls, soaking everything inside.
Measure, mark and cut a 3-foot-by-3-foot square from the third tarp. Fold the tarp in half diagonally and cut along the fold to create two like-sized triangles. Measure and cut six 1-foot-long pieces of cord. Using the cord, tie the tarp to the frame at each corner by passing the cord through the grommets. To enter or exit the tent, untie one of the bottom corners.
Items you will need
- PVC pipe, 1-inch-diameter
- Tape measure
- Permanent marker
- 2 three-way PVC corner connecters
- 4 90-degree PVC connectors
- 3 tarps, 6-foot-by-8-foot
- Nylon cord
- 4 tent stakes
- Zip ties
- Rubber mallet
- Duct tape (optional)
- If you want to make the tent more portable, you can cut the 8-foot-long pipes in half. When you want to pitch the tent, connect the cut sections together with inline connectors.
- If the tarp does not have grommets, you can use Velcro instead. Apply one side of the Velcro to the edge of the tarp and apply the other to the PVC pipes. Use commercial-grade Velcro, which will keep the tarp suitably secure, even in inclement weather.
- If you like, use duct tape to keep the ground cloth's edges together and sealed, but this is not necessary.
- bowerbird/iStock/Getty Images


Writing about Victorian postmortem photos
Until fairly recently, I believed, as many people do, that the Victorians constantly posed corpses as though they were alive, and used lots of fancy tricks to achieve this. In fact, thousands upon thousands of historical photos feature dead people whom you'd never guess on first glance are really dead! If someone in a Victorian photo has a creepy look, odds are, it's a postmortem photo!
Except that's a total myth, perpetuated by people who uncritically believe everything they hear or read.
Though it's another total myth that the average person dropped dead at all of 35 until the modern era, there's no denying that life on average was much harder and shorter. Even the upper classes weren't immune to deadly diseases and the dangers of childbirth. Thus, our historical counterparts were much more used to death than we are, and didn't fear it.
It was most common for people to die at home, surrounded by loved ones, instead of hidden away in hospitals. Death was seen as a natural, normal, inevitable event. Wakes were likewise held in houses instead of funeral parlors.
Victorians had very elaborate, detailed, structured rules about mourning, and many people wore mourning jewelry containing locks of the deceased's hair, made from black materials like onyx and jet, and carved into symbols like skulls, coffins, oak sprays with an empty acorn cup, and lilies-of-the-valley. Ivory was also used, particularly for young people, as a symbol of innocence.
This is one of countless photos constantly trotted out as postmortem, but in reality, it was most likely a pre-mortem photo. That is, this young woman was very ill, and her parents wanted one final living photo with her. She may have passed away not long after the photo was taken. Pre-mortem photography was quite common.
Unless you know someone had a really dark, twisted sense of humor, it's safe to say all photos of people in coffins are legit postmortem. People lying on beds, their eyes closed, also tend to be postmortem.
This is NOT a postmortem photo for one pretty obvious reason: Dead people can't stand! Corpses aren't Gumbies. You can't mold and shape them any which way you want. Once rigor mortis sets in, that's it. They're locked in that position.
Dead weight means something. Even if you were able to prop up a corpse with metal rods and stands, they wouldn't stay like that more than a few seconds unless you also tightly tied them in place. That may have been done for some forensic photos, but not for the vast majority of deceased Victorians.
Metal stands were absolutely used in many Victorian photos (some visible, some not), but not to prop up literal dead weight. The Victorians treated their dead with dignity, and had zero issue showing them as deceased. With death so common in that era, particularly among the non-elderly, there was no reason to go through elaborate staging to pretend they were really alive.
Those stands were used to help subjects with holding still during exposures which could last up to a minute in the early Victorian era. How many people are capable of holding completely still, in the same exact pose, for so long?
Though exposure time had shrunk to as little as three seconds by the late 1850s, even one second of inadvertent motion can create a blurry image. It happens in modern photos as well.
A blurry picture means the same thing it does today—someone moved at the wrong time. Thus, not dead! This woman is also only holding twins, not triplets. (Can three babies even fit on a normal-sized person's lap?)
It's the same story with serious expressions. You try holding a natural-looking, non-creepy smile for up to a minute and see how it goes. The Victorians loved having fun, but before instant exposure, smiling in a photo was impossible.
Many postmortem photos featuring babies and very young children show them on a mother's lap, but this ain't one of them. Living people, particularly very young ones, are known to close their eyes in photos, you know. The caption on the back also says nothing about death.
Additionally, a truly deceased child would be dressed more formally, and be lying flat, not sitting nearly upright.
Nothing to see here but Lewis Carroll alive and well. Just as in the modern era, Victorians also took many photos of themselves lounging across couches and reclining in chairs.
Maybe a photo looks creepy because of the limitations of older photographic technology; e.g., blue eyes appear white because of chemical processes, and exposure makes the rest of the body seem darker so as to highlight the face. Other culprits are poor lighting, overly stiff posture, shadows, or eyes that just creep some people out.
None of these alleged postmortem photos show things like drooping skin, rigor mortis, or darkened skin resembling bruising. They all look alive and well, only much more formally-posed than we're used to.
The little girl on the far left is NOT dead! Hardly unheard-of for small children to zone out during photos and act bored with the entire proceedings.
Some people did paint pupils over closed eyelids, but for LIVING people, not the deceased. Hidden mother photography was also a real (and very creepy) thing, but more often than not done with living babies who needed to be kept still. Again, Victorians treated their dead with great respect and didn't use them as creepy props.
The people who keep perpetuating this myth aren't deliberately ignorant, but it becomes so much harder to debunk when people keep passing it along as truth.
Copyright Fuzheado
Zabar's is a specialty food store which opened in 1934 and moved to Broadway between 80th and 81st Streets in 1941. The building started life as the Calvin Apartments, four three-story structures erected in 1882, and stood out like a sore thumb among the elegant, freestanding mansions which characterized upper Broadway at the time.
In 1890, developer Christian Blinn sold it to real estate investor Julia Schwarz, and in 1892, he entered a loonybin. He filed suit against her in 1901, claiming he'd been insane and had no knowledge about the sale.
The jury couldn't decide, so the judge ruled in favor of Ms. Schwarz.
Copyright Fuzheado
In 1919, Ms. Schwarz leased the building for $30,000 a year to the C&L Lunch Company, and commissioned architects Whinston & Whinston to remodel and combine the four buildings into one complex. A small apartment on the next lot north, built 1890, was also included.
The Tudor-style Calvin Apartments opened in 1920. In addition to being beautifully decorated both inside and out, they promised on-premise dining. They were very expensive, with two-room apartments going for $165 a month ($2,134.09 today).
In the 1920s, the average NYC rent was only $40 a month, and houses sold for $15 a square foot. Not exactly apartments intended for normal people!
Enter Louis and Lillian Zabar.
Louis Zabar was born in Ukraine in 1901 and came to the U.S. via Canada in the early 1920s, after his dad was murdered in a pogrom. Lillian Teit was probably born in 1902 or 1903, though she pretended to be younger when she immigrated from Ukraine in the mid-Twenties, fearful she'd be deported for being too old.
Lillian lived with relatives in Philadelphia, and Louis lived in Brooklyn, where he rented a stall in a farmers' market. Later, Louis became head of a grocery's smoked fish section. When Lillian moved to NYC, she and Louis renewed their old acquaintance from their hometown and married 2 May 1927.
They started a deli in Brooklyn, selling Lillian's wonderful homemade foods, among them stuffed cabbage, blintzes, coleslaw, and potato salad. When the couple moved to Manhattan, they set up shop in the third building north from 80th St. in the old Calvin Apartments. By that time, the complex had become a hotel.
By the time of his death in 1950, Louis owned ten Manhattan markets.
Oldest son Saul (born 1929), a med student at the University of Kansas, came home to help the family business. He thought he'd only be there for a few years, but it turned into the rest of his life. Saul became the store's president, and middle brother Stanley became vice-president after graduating the University of Pennsylvania.
Youngest brother Eli operates his own food businesses.
In 1953, entrepreneur Murray Klein (1923–2007) joined Zabar's and began transforming it from a small deli to one of the city's most renowned specialty markets. He started as a floor sweeper and stock clerk, and quit several times, but eventually became a full partner in 1960.
In the 1970s, there were plans to buy a building on the west side of Broadway between 82nd and 83rd Streets, but hashgacha pratit (Divine Providence) enabled them to buy the entire former Calvin Apartments instead and expand that way. They also gained the rooms upstairs, which were once the Cedar Hotel.
Copyright Nate Steiner
Mr. Klein knew the store's core clientele and most loyal customers were Ashkenazic Jews who went there for things like lox, pastrami, bagels, and babka, but he also knew good businesses need to draw


Using Multiple SoloVisions
The purpose of this article is to demonstrate how-to setup multiple SoloVisions for use. The SoloVision device was designed with the feature of being able to use each SoloVision device independently. This allows you to take one SoloVision out for a screening, and keep the other SoloVision in the office to perform DynaROM screenings.
Connecting Multiple SoloVisions to One Computer
Each SoloVision has a label on the bottom indicating what type of device it connects to.
When setting up your SoloVisions you will want to remember which SoloVision, connects to which device-type (ScanVision, FlexVision, DynaVision.) This will become important if you ever need to take one SoloVision off the computer and move it to a different one.
Each SoloVision connecting to the computer will need an available USB port for the SoloVision to plug into. The SoloVision device should come with a USB cable used to connect the device to the computer.
If your computer doesn't have enough USB ports you can purchase a USB hub. A USB hub allows you to convert one USB port into several USB ports.
Using Multiple SoloVisions on Different Computers
Each SoloVision has a label on the bottom indicating whether it connects to a ScanVision, FlexVision, or DynaVision device. The SoloVision does NOT need any additional power cables. The only cable that the SoloVision needs is the USB cable that connects the SoloVision to the computer.


GA 1 Commissioner's power to adjust
When this section applies
This section applies if an arrangement is void under section BG 1 (Tax avoidance).
Commissioner's general power
The Commissioner may adjust the taxable income of a person affected by the arrangement in a way the Commissioner thinks appropriate, in order to counteract a tax advantage obtained by the person from or under the arrangement.
Commissioner's specific power over tax credits
The Commissioner may—
disallow some or all of a tax credit of a person affected by the arrangement; or
allow another person to benefit from some or all of the tax credit.
Commissioner's identification of hypothetical situation
When applying subsections (2) and (3), the Commissioner may have regard to 1 or more of the amounts listed in subsection (5) which, in the Commissioner's opinion, had the arrangement not occurred, the person—
would have had; or
would in all likelihood have had; or
might be expected to have had.
Reconstructed amounts
The amounts referred to in subsection (4) are—
an amount of income of the person:
an amount of deduction of the person:
an amount of tax loss of the person:
an amount of tax credit of the person.
No double counting
When applying subsection (2), if the Commissioner includes an amount of income or deduction in calculating the taxable income of the person, it must not be included in calculating the taxable income of another person.
Meaning of tax credit
In this section, tax credit means a reduction in the tax a person must pay because of—
a credit allowed for a payment by the person of an amount of tax or of another item; or
another type of benefit.
Defined in this Act: amount, arrangement, Commissioner, deduction, tax, tax credit, tax loss, taxable income
Compare: 2004 No 35 s GB 1(1)–(2C)


text:
All the 7 Rainbow colors representing each day of creation and when combined produce white color. It is a known fact that shining white light through a prism produces the rainbow colors. White signifies purity and goodness. No wonder on the 6th day, God declared that everything he has created during the 6 days of creation as very good and blessed it on the 7th day.
Genesia1:31 God saw all that he had made, and it was very good. And there was evening, and there was morning—the sixth day.
Genesis2:1 Thus the heavens and the earth were completed in all their vast array.
2 By the seventh day God had finished the work he had been doing; so on the seventh day he rested [a] from all his work. 3 And God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it he rested from all the work of creating that he had done.


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Downlink Transmission of Distributed Antenna Systems in High Building Environments
Over the last few years high data rate wireless transmission has gained considerable attention in hot spot areas, including high buildings. It has been described that Distributed Antenna Systems (DASs) improve the performance of the indoor environment by covering dead spots. In this paper, a DAS architecture for high buildings is investigated, proposed and analyzed. The goal is to provide high data rate for indoor mobile users by exploiting spatial diversity and reducing the distance of radio transmission. In this system, the frequency is reused among floors. The radio signals in high buildings can propagate vertically and reach the neighbouring floors. Therefore, the performance of the system is limited by co-channel interference.


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SAHEL WEATHER AND CROP SITUATION REPORTGlobal Information and Early Warning System on food and agriculture
Report No.1 - 18 June 2002
Click on one country or its name to consult the situation of this country
You can also look at the film of the rainy season in Western Africa and the Sahel.
The rainy season started in late April or May in southern Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Niger and the extreme south-east of Senegal; seasonably dry conditions prevail in the rest of Senegal, Cape Verde, The Gambia and Mauritania. The start of the rainy season is delayed in Guinea Bissau, which may seriously affect crop production as the growing season in this country usually starts in late April/early May. Satellite imagery for the first dekad of June confirms the rainfall pattern.
Land preparation and plantings are in progress following the onset of the rains. Dry planting is also underway in Mauritania. Seed availability problems are likely in Mauritania and Cape Verde following the 2001 reduced harvest and the unseasonable heavy rains in early January, and in Guinea Bissau as a result of the delayed rains.
The pest situation is calm. A few Desert Locusts were reported in early May
in a few places in Mali and Mauritania.
BURKINA FASO CAPE-VERDE CHAD GAMBIA GUINEA-BISSAU
MALI MAURITANIA NIGER SENEGAL


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Recording a macro is a great way to perform a one-time task, or to get things done quickly when you don't want to mess with Vim script or mappings, or if you do not yet know how to do it more elegantly.
In Vim, the word "macro" may refer to:
- A sequence of commands recorded to a register (this tip).
- A mapping to expand a sequence of typed keys to a longer sequence (see tutorial).
- A script written in the Vim script language (stored in a file with extension
.vim– see :help script).
Recording a macroEdit
Each register is identified by a letter
To enter a macro, type:
To execute the macro times (once by default), type:
So, the complete process looks like:
| || start recording to register |
| ||your complex series of commands|
| ||stop recording|
| ||execute your macro|
| ||execute your macro again|
Running a macroEdit
Use this mapping as a convenient way to play a macro recorded to register
:nnoremap _USER_
- Start recording keystrokes by typing
- End recording with
q(first press Escape if you are in insert mode).
- Play the recorded keystrokes by hitting space.
Suppose you have a macro which operates on the text in a single line. You can run the macro on each line in a visual selection in a single operation:
- Visually select some lines (for example, type
vipto select the current paragraph).
:normal _USER_ run the macro from register
qon each line.
Viewing a macroEdit
You can use the
:registers command to view the current contents of any or all register values in Vim. For example, use
:reg to view all registers, or
:reg a to view only what you have recorded into register
:reg abx will show the contents of registers a, b, and x.
Saving a macroEdit
There are two primary ways of saving a macro for later use.
The simplest way occurs by default if you run Vim in nocompatible mode (which is the default if you have a vimrc). Simply by including the proper text in your
'viminfo' option or leaving the nocompatible default alone, Vim will automatically write all your registers to a file and restore them at startup.
By default, the content of each register is saved, and will be available next time you run Vim. For example, you might record a macro to register
a, then exit from Vim with
:q!. On restarting Vim, you can press
_USER_ to run the macro from register
viminfo' option can disable the saving of registers. If
:set viminfo? shows a value including (for example)
s10 then up to 50 lines and 10KB will be saved in each register. If either item is zero, no registers are saved. :help 'viminfo'
The second way to save a macro for later use (especially if you think you might overwrite the macro by accident, therefore restoring the wrong value from the viminfo file) is to use a let command in your vimrc.
For a very simple example, suppose you have recorded a macro to jump to the first occurrence of the letter a in a line into register a, using the following key sequence in normal mode:
If you want to restore this macro whenever you start Vim, regardless of what might be in your viminfo file, you would edit your vimrc and add the following line:
Assuming that you already have the macro recorded, you can easily insert the register contents rather that typing them all again. While entering the above line, after typing
let _USER_=', simply type Ctrl-R Ctrl-R a to insert the contents of the
a register. The double Ctrl-R is to insert the contents literally, rather than interpreting them as if typed.
Single quote characters (') are recommended and used in the above examples, because they allow you to type almost everything literally, whereas in double-quotes (") you need to escape certain characters. Compare '\1\2\3"abc"' with "\\1\\2\\3\"abc\"", for example. However, if your register must itself contain single quote characters, you use a second single-quote character to escape it. For example, if you want your register to contain "Vim's quote handling is a little tricky" you would type
:let _USER_='"Vim''s quote handling is a little tricky"'
Note however, that the above method using
:let will not work as expected for any macros which you make ending in a or character (carriage return or newline). This is because, as documented in :help :let-@, Vim will treat the register as "linewise" under these conditions. The reason for this is to make registers set with
:let act "the right way" when dealing with yanked/deleted text, but it can cause headaches when dealing with recorded macros. Possible workarounds include using the setreg() function or adding "no-op" commands to the end of the macro, such as
a. See the discussion on vim_dev about unexpected behavior of the :let command for details.
Appending to a macroEdit
If you have recorded a macro that is almost right, but you need to add a few commands to it, you can easily append the commands to an existing macro instead of recording the whole thing over again. Simply replace the register letter with a capital letter.
For example, if you recorded into register
qa...q, you could add to the macro (without replacing it) using
Editing a macroEdit
Suppose that you have recorded a macro in register
a and you would like to edit the macro. The procedure is explained above, but here is a summary of the steps:
- Press Ctrl-R Ctrl-R
ato insert the current contents of register
a(type Ctrl-R twice to insert the register exactly).
- Edit the text as required.
- Append an apostrophe (
') to finish the command, and press Enter.
:reg ato view the new value in the register.
_USER_ execute the contents of register
Note the caveat above about macros which end in or .
- Record a recursive macro
- Reversing order of blocks of text example of recording a macro to move blocks
- Using command-line history repeating ex commands without a macro
- Recursive repeats for quick editing of structured text
- Easy playback of recorded keys
- Recording keys for repeated jobs
Todo: Need a couple more simple examples.
Is it possible to have different sets of registers for different jobs, par example one set for editing xsl files with shortcuts for various tags in them, another one for editing html, xml, sql etc.? --annonymous user
- No, this is not possible. Registers in Vim are global across the entire Vim instance, unlike mappings, abbreviations, etc. which can be local to a buffer. --Fritzophrenic (talk) 21:49, January 15, 2013 (UTC)
- I should say "not possible without some scripting". There is a BufEnter and BufLeave autocmd event, and also a FileType event, which could be combined with saving and restoring of every single named register if desired. I know of no existing plugins which do this. --Fritzophrenic (talk) 21:51, January 15, 2013 (UTC)


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Please help me with the words 'descent', 'ancestry', and 'lineage'. Dictionaries show that they are loosely the same:
1a. He has German descent.
1b. He is of German descent.
2a. He has German ancestry.
2b. He is of German ancestry.
3a. He has German lineage.
3b. He is of German lineage.
Could they be all the same, or are there subtle differences only known to native speakers?
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3 Answers 3
There are differences. "Lineage" is the most specific of the three terms. It would be unusual to use "lineage" to mean simply ethnic identity, such as "German lineage." Rather, it refers to traceable lines of familial descent from particular ancestors, usually prestigious ones such as royalty or nobility: "My lineage goes back to the Mayflower"; "He is of Hapsburg lineage."
"Descent" is more general. "She is of Norwegian descent" simply means that her ethnic make-up is predominantly, though not necessarily entirely, Norwegian.
"Ancestry" is the converse of "descent." Ancestors have descendants. So to say "She is of Norwegian descent" implies "She has Norwegian ancestry."
However, "descent" and "ancestry" aren't precisely equivalent in common usage. Typically, "She is of Norwegian descent" indicates a predominance of Norwegian ancestors. "She has Norwegian ancestry" simply means that one or more of her forebears were Norwegian. It doesn't necessarily mean that Norwegian ancestors predominate in her lineage.
So "lineage" is the most specific, "ancestry" the least. And in idiomatic English, one usually says somebody is of a particular lineage/descent, and has a particular ancestry.
share|improve this answer
As far as I know, of the words ancestry and lineage, lineage is most suitable as noun and it defines the origin sequence of an ancestor, ancestry or pedigree.
Ancestry, on the other hand, is for the evolutionary or genetic line of descent (mostly used for plants and animals).
share|improve this answer
But it's not defining the sequence here, we're only told there's at least one German in there somewhere. – Jon Hanna Feb 4 '13 at 10:05
yes i agree with your comment & fr sure your answer is perfect i was not able to describe it with example i understand the difrence very well :) – Sunishtha Singh Feb 4 '13 at 10:20
Sunishtha, please use proper capitalization and avoid SMS when answering on this site. – J.R. Feb 4 '13 at 10:26
_USER_.R. ok i will tc while posting and answering next time. ty – Sunishtha Singh Feb 4 '13 at 10:38
_USER_: I don't know whether to laugh or cry. :^) Very funny! – J.R. Feb 4 '13 at 10:50
They mean the same thing, they just do so in slightly different ways.
We get this sense of descent from talking about the fact that he is a descendant of someone who is German. He is descended from them.
We get this sense of ancestry from talking about the fact that he has one or more German ancestors.
We get this sense of lineage, by talking about the fact that there is a line of descent from him to one or more Germans.
So they all have different reasons for meaning what they do, but they all amount to the same thing.
Lineage is the rarer of the three. If you are talking about knowledge of that exact line (as you would in terms of aristocratic titles, or genealogical research [or pedigree if he's a dog or racehorse, rather than a person]) then it would be the best as the only of the three that relates directly to that. Otherwise, one of the other two would be more commonly used, and probably advisable, though the last isn't incorrect.
share|improve this answer
From ODO on descendant: "The correct spelling for the noun meaning 'person descended from a particular ancestor' is descendant, not -ent. Descendent is a less common adjective meaning 'descending from an ancestor'. Almost 15 per cent of the citations for the term in the Oxford English Corpus use the wrong spelling." – Andrew Leach Feb 4 '13 at 10:23
_USER_ I see M-W lists -ent as a variant for both the noun and the adjective, without any warnings. Since I use the -ant variant myself I'm removing the comment on the spelling variant, but I'm not completely confident it isn't reasonable to consider it accepted, either. – Jon Hanna Feb 4 '13 at 10:30
Another difference between American English and British English, then. I was taught a noun uses -ant, (eg dependant, dependent). – Andrew Leach Feb 4 '13 at 10:32
_USER_ perhaps that's it, indeed. – Jon Hanna Feb 4 '13 at 11:43
Your Answer


text:
The Office of Academic Quality (OAQ) acts as a centralized point of contact and service related to all curriculum quality assurance processes across the college. OAQ helps to facilitate continuous quality improvement by overseeing academic policy, and ensuring that changes at any credential level are embedded and operationalized in all related processes and procedures.
In supporting student success, OAQ:
- ties curriculum to Ministry guidelines and standards
- provides curriculum support and resources to academic areas
- oversees and facilitates all curriculum processes
- enables evidence-based curriculum decision-making
- acts as a link between the academic areas and relevant stakeholders
The Office of Academic Quality (OAQ) can provide a number of resources with regard to curriculum development and design, work with program teams on curriculum development, and assist with answers to questions about forms, approvals, deadlines and more.
A culture of academic excellence through continuous quality improvement.
To enhance and implement comprehensive academic policies and curriculum processes that inspire best practices and contribute to the quality of the educational experience.


Do zero onset syllables in English start with a glottal stop?
asked 2015-09-02 10:34:46 -0500
MariaJoy gravatar image
My Arabic professor was explaining how there are no zero-onset syllables in Arabic because if they don't start with another consonant, they at least start with a glottal stop. He said we do the same thing in English -words like 'Alison' and 'Ian' and 'outside, etc. all start with a glott stop, but we aren't trained to hear it. Is this true?
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Take the 2-minute tour ×
If you wanted to measure the strength of, say, a chess player, the best way would involve knowing the true value of each position: then you could compute the frequency $W$ with which the player finds a winning move in a won position, and $D$ of finding a drawing move in a drawn position.
Even without a perfect evaluation algorithm, perhaps mathematics offers the possibility of saying something about a player's $W$ and $D$? So I ask, do there exists tools in probability theory, if not for chess then at least for some class of idealized games (only the morphology of the game tree would matter) that would would allow prediction of one player's winning percentage over another given just the two players' $W$ and $D$ frequencies?
If yes, then the distribution of winning percentages in a population of players might serve as data for an inverse problem allowing the statistical estimation of $W$ and $D$ frequencies (or at least associated derived quantities, or relative quantities).
Also welcome: thoughts about refining the model in the second paragraph to get results more realistic for real world games like chess (e.g., separate frequencies for opening, middle game and ending).
Edit: While I appreciate critiques of my model, I hope the weakness of the model doesn't distract from the purely mathematical question of the 2nd paragraph: for suitable idealized games, can one compute dominance in the game globally from the players' $W$ and $D$ frequencies? If that probability question turns out intractable then my whole project sinks; if it has a positive answer, I can hope to refine the models.
I'm not attached to $W$ and $D$ as the ultimate measure of game playing strength. I am interested in the mathematical challenge of estimating these frequencies in the absence of an evaluation oracle.
Also, is it enough merely to point out the naivete of my model? Shouldn't the critic argue that my distortion has significant numerical effect on the dominance calculation?
share|improve this question
David, I believe I didn't merely point out some weak assumptions but also pointed out an experimental technique for comparing multiple algorithms by pitting them against each other, or having them make evaluations of static board positions. Per my moniker "sleepless", I'll need some more cogitation and perhaps some rest before I return and modify my answer. I believe my attempt at an answer pointed out that your $W$ and $D$ measures would be different at different depths/plies of the tree, and that assigning a single numerical value does distort the nature of these "grades". Back later! :) – sleepless in beantown Dec 20 '10 at 1:29
Sleep sweetly, sleepless. I'm thinking over your suggestions. In particular I'm considering effect of the tradition of resigning lopsided positions - doesn't truncating play obviate the unwarranted oscillation of the winning advantage that my stochastic assumption might otherwise entail? – David Feldman Dec 20 '10 at 2:36
Anyway my personal interest lies in estimating the hidden parameters $W$ and $D$ rather than finding better measures of playing strength. I do understand $W$ and $D$ as averages that may vary by changing the sample space. Available data will reflect how players perform in practical positions. The meanings of $W$ and $D$ should be conditioned on the same (fuzzily defined) sample space. – David Feldman Dec 20 '10 at 2:37
Not directly related, but maybe interesting anyway, how a machine learning based system for chess ranking works research.microsoft.com/pubs/74417/NIPS2007_0931.pdf – Yaroslav Bulatov Dec 20 '10 at 21:23
3 Answers 3
Your question makes assumptions with which I disagree.
I do not think that strength means choosing winning moves more frequently in theoretically won positions. The positions encountered in chess are not uniformly random, and the positions you encounter depend on previous moves. You might find someone who reliably executes a nontrivial endgame, but who performs poorly in related positions someone else sets up.
Part of chess is giving an imperfect opponent opportunities to make mistakes. Your measure assumes there is no skill involved in playing theoretically lost positions, but in practice there is.
Although it is popular to call chess mathematical, I think many other games such as backgammon allow much deeper mathematical analysis than chess, in part because positions have equities which are not restricted to $\{0,1/2,1\}$, and there are MonteCarlo methods for estimating the values of positions. Serious backgammon players commonly measure skill in error rates expressed as normalized millipoints per move. In my November 20006 column for GammonVillage, I looked at the correspondence between backgammon error rates and Elo rating differences on one backgammon server, concluding, for example, "100 rating points roughly corresponds to 1.8 millipoints per move."
share|improve this answer
Here is a situation where choosing many winning moves may not indicate strength, and might be a sign of weakness: Suppose the position is a forced win in 3 moves, but instead I take 30 moves to win. This will bloat the number of winning moves I make, and it will decrease my percentage of blunders, but it suggests that I overlooked the faster way to win. – Douglas Zare Dec 21 '10 at 22:03
David, your question makes the assumption that players will stochastically pick a move in the current possible set of branches, and does not say anything about the current depth of the tree. I believe that for certain states, particularly those labeled "end-games", it is possible for an astute player (or an experienced player) (the set of astute and experienced players are not equal) to have a higher $W$ percentage against an equally skilled or worse opponent.
Thus I believe that $W$ and $D$ are not just functions of one player $P_1$, but also of - the opponent $P_2$ and of - the current-depth of the game tree (= the number of moves played thus far), and - the current-state (global and local) of the game board.
$P_1$'s $W$ may change for a different opponent and for certain opening sequences or end-games with which they are familiar.
Now if you allow the assumption that you do not have an oracle evaluation function, but do have the win and draw percentages for two players, $P_1=(W_1, D_1)$ and $P_2=(W_2,D_2)$, your question in the second paragraph asks if that is sufficient to allow for calculating the probabilities of one player dominating over the other. I do not believe that there is a way to calculate this, as the $W$ and $D$ ratios are going to have to be calculated as a measure over all possible game board states, and the finite sampling of win and draw ratios for a finite number of games and board positions will not be sufficient to allow for such an extrapolation to be made.
Back to my first ruminations: the $W$ and $D$ will depend on the depth of the game tree and the relative experience of the players. If a player picks a bad move but has better experience, she could still recover and win at a later point in the game. If a player picks a bad move but does not have much experience, they are less likely to be able to recover and get to a position of advantage.
An experienced player recognizing classic openings may play by rote for a few moves, or may in fact feint and play slightly askew to see how her opponent responds. This type of psychological repertoire and skill cannot be encoded and captured in a two parameter model, and is also why I think $W$ and $D$ ratios are not just a function of the player $P_1$ but also of the opponent.
share|improve this answer
also, the human chess player is neither a deterministic nor probabilistic "small number of states" finite-state-machine. It might be interesting to test your theory/concept out on two (or more) chess-playing algorithms, as that would allow for both algorithmic-players to be tested out on identical board positions for comparison. This type of comparison would be doable as the majority of playing algorithms are not "learning algorithms" which change based upon the new games which they play, thus the order in which board positions are tested would not matter. I sense an experimental approach! – sleepless in beantown Dec 19 '10 at 9:36
Let us suppose that the initial position of chess is a drawn position. In this case, why not just assign someone a rating based on how often they win/lose/draw this particular position? I.e. how often they a game?
share|improve this answer
There's a word missing here. Can't make sense of what you wrote. – David Feldman Dec 19 '10 at 21:46
Your Answer


Public Release: Football displays fractal dynamics
Physicists reveal that the real-time dynamics in a football game are subject to self-similarity characteristics in keeping with the laws of physics
Football fascinates millions of fans, almost all of them unaware that the game is subject to the laws of physics. Despite their seemingly arbitrary decisions, players obey certain rules, as they constantly adjust their positions in relation to their teammates, opponents, the ball and the goal. A team of Japanese scientists has now analysed the time-dependent fluctuation of both the ball and all players' positions throughout an entire match. They discovered that a simple rule governs the complex dynamics of the ball and the team's front-line. These findings, published in EPJ B, could have implications for other ball games, providing a new perspective on sports science.
A. Kijima, K. Yokoyama, H.Shima, and Y. Yamamoto (2014), Emergence of self-similarity in football dynamics, European Physical Journal B, DOI 10.1140/epjb/e2014-40987-5
For more information visit:
The full-text article is available to journalists on request.


text:
Funding Available for Zika Virus Research
Contribute to Understanding a New Global Health Threat
The NSF has posted a "Dear Colleague Letter" noting the interest of the Ecology & Evolution of Infectious Diseases (EEID) program in proposals for research investigating the Zika virus. Proposals addressing a wide range of aspects of this new global health threat are encouraged, including issues that geographers will play an important role in answering such as determining and depicting the spatial distribution of Zika virus vectors and modeling the regional to continental scale spread of the virus. Geographers with research interests and skills in medical geography, ecological modeling, and/or spatial modeling, among others, should consider this opportunity to contribute to the research dialogue of this evolving "public health emergency of international concern" (World Health Organization). Work proposing medical research angles (e.g. disease transmission, pathophysiology, diagnostic methods) have a different agency contact so proposals by geographers and others, and the perspective they provide, are not in direct competition with medical researchers for funding consideration. View the full NSF letter for proposal submission information.