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The relaxation complexity rc(X) of the set of integer points X contained in a polyhedron is the minimal number of inequalities needed to formulate a linear optimization problem over X without using auxiliary variables. Besides its relevance in integer programming, this concept has interpretations in aspects of social choice, symmetric cryptanalysis, and machine learning. We employ efficient mixed-integer programming techniques to compute a robust and numerically more practical variant of the relaxation complexity. Our proposed models require row or column generation techniques and can be enhanced by symmetry handling and suitable propagation algorithms. Theoretically, we compare the quality of our models in terms of their LP relaxation values. The performance of those models is investigated on a broad test set and is underlined by their ability to solve challenging instances that could not be solved previously.
View Efficient MIP Techniques for Computing the Relaxation Complexity


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Have you ever before got a collection of iMessages with crucial info that you have to share with a person else?
You could possibly ahead each iMessage separately and spam your recipient. You likewise might duplicate and the contents of each message and afterwards paste them into another message, yet that is time consuming.
Or you might utilize our suggestion below to promptly integrate several messages into a single message that could be forwarded to a 3rd party.
Right here is just how you could combine several iMessages into one message that prepares to be sent to another person:
1. Tap and hold the first iMessage that you would like to forward and afterwards select "Additional" from the popup menu as shown above.
2. Tap on the checkmark gurgles to choose the messages that you wish to ahead. Each picked message will have a white checkmark inside of a blue circle as shown listed below.
3. Touch on the arrowhead in the bottom appropriate edge of the monitor.
4. This will certainly open up the "New Message" glass, as shown above, with an iMessage that has the text from the messages that you selected in step 2. You can modify the text as needed and go into the name, e-mail address or telephone number of the recipient(s).
5. Struck the "Send out" button in the best edge to send out along the message.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Osa Mountain Village's success thus far has been firmly based on the utilization of permaculture principles 24/7 here on site. Everything that we do is directed towards building a totally sustainable, fully functional, food producing resort community. With that said, when we first started planning our community… and then began to market and build our villas, buildings and infrastructure, there was a tremendous response and interest. Because of the amazing response, we decided to parallel the actual functioning body of Osa Mountain Village with a teaching side as well. We first started "The World Institute for Sustainability and Ecology" in October of 2009 and was able to fill our first class by January of 2010, just a short 3 months after our first idea came to be! Since then, we have had four successful classes, the last being in January of 2011, with over 20 students attending and successfully completing our Permaculture Studies Course. It was a 10-day class structure, with hands-on learning, a few field trips and so much more. Many of the concepts that we use daily now at Osa Mountain Village were first created during these classes. Since that course we have moved the location of WISE to Serenity Gardens Eco Village nearby Osa Mountain Village.
In our sustainable living courses, students focus on agroecology, alternative building materials, integrated waste management, rainwater harvesting, renewable energy sources, ecotourism and social entrepreneurship. Our students develop a working plan to induce beneficial changes that will create a positive impact in our society. With their experience at WISE, students will be able to learn the critical thinking skills to evaluate the sustainability behind agricultural production systems, hotel operations, communities and in their own homes as well. Upon completion of our program, our students work a special community project that will have social, environmental and economic benefits to the people of nearby communities here in Southern Costa Rica.
A few reasons why you should enroll in one of our sustainable living / permaculture design courses:
1. The tropical forest is one of the most diversified habitats on the planet. Learn how to help conserve the tropical forests of Costa Rica.
2. Do it yourself! Learn how to grow your own fruit crops, greens, roots and tubers organically. Permaculture design integrated into your lessons!
3. Learn how to use solar energy for cooking and for a healthy lifestyle.
4. Preserving water is a great challenge for our society. Learn how to conserve watersheds and how to farm in them so future generations will have a healthy water source.
5. Help us develop new sustainable projects within our community.
6. Integrated pest management is key for organic agriculture. Learn how we can deal with pests using only natural methods and plant extracts.
7. Biogas has an amazing potential as a renewable energy source. Build your own bio-digestor and cook with natural methane gas.
8. Composting is the key to saving the world's soils from deterioration. Build your own compost pile and learn about the many different composting techniques.
9. Try your own permaculture garden designing and learn about crops in our bio-intensive research garden.
10. Learn the principles of rainwater harvesting and how we can use rainwater to minimize our external water use.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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even when CO2 concentrations are low.
-CAM plants are those that use CAM to fix carbon. They open their stomata at night, and this incorporates CO2 into organic acids. During the day, they close their stomata to reduce the chance of dehydration and CO2 is now released from organic acid in the calvin cycle.
Neil A. Campbell, Jane B. Reece "Biology 8th edition"


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For this term teachers in the Year 7 team have attempted to give the homework given to students more purpose and meaning. This has been via ensuring that the tasks set are directly linked to what is being covered in class and through giving students a 'voice' in how they present their homework. Rather than also have students create a multitude of various smaller tasks, a more major, singular project is issued.
Students are accessing their weekly homework via an iTunesU Course that has been created for them.
Recently as part of an Economics task, students were to develop a short video depicting them participating in their 'Dream Job'. Below are just a few responses that were collected! 🙂


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|School Report Card|
|The Commonwealth of Virginia is committed to providing quality education for all students. This commitment includes keeping parents and the public informed through the Virginia School Report Card of the progress of our schools in raising student achievement and enhancing the learning environment. The ratings for Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) and school accreditation for specific school year are based on the achievement of students on tests taken during the previous academic year.|
|Stony Mill History|
Stony Mill began as a one room log building in about 1897. Three brothers, Charlie, Fletcher, and James Hardy, built the school, which enrolled forty-five students and was originally named Hardy School. The Hardy family later gave the land and the school to Pittsylvania County. When the school was destroyed by fire, the county purchased land from a neighboring resident and built a two-room frame building. Today's building was built as a result of consolidation of schools in 1963.
In 1996, Stony Mill went through a massive renovation and construction program. The school plant now includes twenty-eight classrooms and five mobile units, a gymnasium, a library, technology labs, and a teacher workroom.
The school consists of grades preschool through five, with three to four classes at each grade level. State Remedial Reading, music classes, gifted classes, physical education classes, and guidance services are offered to approximately 475 students enrolled at Stony Mill.


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A Japanese man who says he invented the technology behind the context-based conversion of a sentence written solely in kana into one in both kanji and kana, as well as another related technology, filed suit against Toshiba on December 7, seeking some US$2.3 million in compensation from his former employer.
Shinya Amano, a professor at Shonan Institute of Technology, said in a written complaint that although the firm received patents for the technologies in conjunction with him and three others and paid him tens of thousands of yen annually in remuneration, he actually developed the technologies alone.
Amano is claiming 10 percent of an estimated ¥2.6 billion in profit Toshiba made in 1996 and 1997 — much higher than the roughly ¥230,000 he was actually awarded for the work over the two-year span.
His claim is believed valid, taking into account the statute of limitations and the terms of the patents.
"This is not about the sum of the money — I filed the suit for my honor," Amano said in a press conference after bringing the case to the Tokyo District Court.
"Japan is a technology-oriented country, but engineers are treated too lightly here," he said.
Toshiba said through its public relations office that it believes it paid Amano fair compensation in line with company policy. The company declined to comment on the lawsuit before receiving the complaint in writing.
Amano claims that he invented the technology that converts a sentence composed of kana alone into a sentence composed of both kanji and kana by assessing its context, and another technology needed to prioritize kanji previously used in such conversions.
Using theories of artificial intelligence, the two technologies developed in 1977 and 1978 are still used today in most Japanese word-processing software, he said.
source: Word-processor inventor sues Toshiba over redress, Kyodo News, via Japan Times, December 9, 2007


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Projects in Physical Biology Group
- Project 1
- Project 2
- Project 3
Formation of three-dimensional cellular spheroids - combining mathematical modelling and experiments
Most cells in the human body are organised in three-dimensional structures. This leads to complex intercellular interactions that cannot be reproduced in two-dimensional monolayers of cell cultures. On the other hand, studying intercellular interactions in vivo is still rather complex. To bridge the gap, multicellular spheroids – three dimensional ball-shaped aggregates – have been developed as an in vitro model system for cellular interactions in tissues.
Since they are physiologically more relevant, multicellular spheroids are popular models in tissue engineering as well as drug development and toxicological tests. In spite of these numerous applications of a fully formed spheroid, relatively little is known about the details of its formation. Various techniques for spheroid formation have been established of which almost all are based on the same principle (reviewed in ): The cells are cultured in a convex non-adhesive environment, in which they cluster due to gravity and then aggregate. Findings that E-Cadherin expression correlates with spheroid formation capacity, suggests that intercellular adhesion plays a key role in spheroid formation.
In this project we investigate how fundamental physical properties of the cell, primarily intercellular adhesion, contribute to the formation of cellular spheroids and the maintenance of the structure. To this end we apply a highly interdisciplinary approach combining cell biology, advanced microscopy, image analysis and mathematical modelling.
Different phases of spheroid formation. Snapshots of a 72 h time lapse of approximately 150 breast cancer cells (T-47D) in a round bottom well, recorded with a Zeiss Cell Observer and a 10x objective by Nariman Ansari. Scale bar: 50 µm. A: Individual cells and smaller cluster come together and aggregate into a flat discoid. B: The discoid folds up. C: The cells form one three dimensional cluster. D: The cluster rounds up, becomes more compact and the cells form a basal membrane.
 Pampaloni F, Reynaud EG, Stelzer EHK (2007) The third dimension bridges the gap between cell culture and live tissue, Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 8:839-45.
 Pampaloni F, Ansari N, Stelzer EHK (2013) High-resolution deep imaging of live cellular spheroids
with light-sheet-based fluorescence microscopy, Cell Tissue Res, 352:161-77.
 Lin RZ, Chou LF, Chien CC, Chang HY (2006) Dynamic analysis of hepatoma spheroid formation: roles of E-cadherin and β1-integrin, Cell Tissue Res, 324:411-22.
People involved in this project:
Sakshi Garg and Stefanie Bunse, Group of Erin Schuman (MPI Brain Research, Frankfurt)
Light sheet-based fluorescence microscopy in 3D cell culture and drug screening
Undesired cytotoxic effects of many cancer drug candidates are mostly recognized quite late during the clinical trials. Just one out of ten drug candidates entering phase I trials reaches the market. This low success rate drives the high development costs and the prices of successfully marketed drugs. New assays predicting the efficacy of drugs in the early, pre-clinical stage are required to increase the success rate in drug development. Modern assays are performed with three-dimensional cell cultures. Three-dimensional cultures essentially avoid hard and flat surfaces. Hence, they favor less constrained physiological sample dynamics and promote cells growth in tissue-like environments. The effect of a drug can be investigated in an environment similar to the target tissue. This improves the reliability and the physiological significance of the assay.
We develop three-dimensional cultures of tumor cell spheroids (Figure 1) for drug screening. The cultivated tumor spheroids serve as a model for tumors in the living organism. We evaluate the therapeutic benefits as well as the toxicity of drug candidates in the spheroids by means of light sheet based fluorescence microscopy. We develop a fluorescence imaging workstation for three-dimensional cultures based on LSFM, the Tissue-Culture LSFM (TC-LSFM). TC-LSFM allows dynamic long-term observations of living three-dimensional cultures (Figure 2). Cell viability is ensured over several days by a special perfusion chamber featuring a tight control of temperature, medium flow, pH, and gas exchange.
The research activities are also expected to promote novel scientific approaches in modern 3D cell biology like tissue homeostasis and development, epigenetics, stem cell research, nutrient flow and oxygenation, particularly genetic noise.
All references are found via: _URL_
For further information, please contact:
From the Ultramikroskop to 4Pi Microscopy to Theta Microscopy to Tetrahedral Microscopy to Light sheet-based fluorescence microscopy (LSFM)
Specimens scatter and absorb light, thus, the delivery of the probing light and the collection of the signal light become inefficient; many endogenous biochemical compounds also absorb light and suffer degradation of some sort (photo-toxicity), which induces malfunction of a specimen. In conventional and confocal fluorescence microscopy, whenever a single plane is observed, the entire specimen is illuminated (Verveer 2007). Recording stacks of images along the optical z-axis thus illuminates the entire specimen once for each plane. Hence, cells are illuminated 10-20 and fish embryos 100-300 times more often than they are observed (Keller 2008). This can be avoided by using light sheets, which are fed into the specimen from the side and overlap with the focal plane of a wide-field fluorescence microscope. In contrast to an epi-fluorescence arrangement, such an azimuthal fluorescence arrangement uses two independently operated lenses for illumination and detection (Stelzer 1994; Huisken 2004).
Optical sectioning and no photo-toxic damage or photo-bleaching outside a small volume close to the focal plane are intrinsic properties. Light sheet-based fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) takes advantage of modern camera technologies. LSFM can be operated with laser cutters (e.g. Colombelli 2009) and in fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS, Wohland 2010). We have also successfully evaluated the application of structured illumination in a SPIM (Breuninger et al., 2007). Christoph Engelbrecht investigated the performance of our SPIMs (Engelbrecht & Stelzer, 2006) both theoretically and practically. We also designed and implemented a wide field frequency domain Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging (FLIM) setup, which is based on a SPIM. This arrangement provides an inherent optical sectioning capability and reduces photo bleaching compared to conventional wide field and confocal fluorescence microscopes. Most recently, we implemented incoherent structured illumination in our DSLM (Keller 2010). The intensity modulated light sheets can be generated with dynamic frequencies and allow us to estimate the effect of the specimen on the image formation process at various depths in objects of different age.
The single plane illumination microscope (SPIM) employs a cylindrical lens to generate a light sheet. A collimated laser beam is focused into the plane of the detection lens along one direction while the other direction remains collimated (Greger et al., 2007). While this approach is relatively simple and straightforward it suffered from the low quality of the cylindrical lens and the inefficiency of the illumination system (Breuninger et al., 2007). The major advantage of the digital scanned laser light sheet-based fluorescence microscope (DSLM; Keller et al., 2008) is that it relies entirely on cylindrically symmetric optics and hence provides a very good optical quality. In addition, the DSLM employs a minimal number of optical components and does not suffer from excessive wave front aberrations.
The development of LSFM at EMBL draws on many previous developments. In particular confocal theta fluorescence microscopy, which was originally developed together with Steffen Lindek, played a very important role. About a dozen papers on theta microscopy describe its properties and that of LSFM (single & two-photon, annular/Bessel beams, (a)symmetric arrangements, …) theoretically as well as practically.
All references are found via: _URL_
For further information, please contact Prof. Dr. Ernst H.K. Stelzer


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PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, PHYSICAL CAPACITY AND SELF-RATED HEALTH IN ELDERLY WOMEN
Jurgita Naujokaitė, Miglė Bacevičienė, Sandra Kilikevičienė, Vida Janina Česnaitienė Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas
Purpose of the research – to assess the relations between physical activity, physical capacity and self-rated health in elderly women.
Research methods. The study was carried out in Lithuanian Sports University in 2016–2017. Twentythree volunteers physically active women from Kaunas city were involved in the study. The average age of the study participants was 66.0 ± 8.1 years. All the participants were free from any chronic cardiovascular, respiratory and muscle-bone-joints disease. All study participants filled in the questionnaire to determine the level of physical activity and performed tests to assess physical capacity. Aerobic capacity was assessed using 2-minute walk test. Hand static muscle strength was determined by dynamometry and body balance test was performed counting the times of body balance loss during 30 seconds. Anthropometric indicators such as body mass index, ratio of body fat, skin folds and blood pressure were measured. Objectification of physical activity was performed by accelerometry method. Accelerometer was placed on the waist and one week's physical activity was assessed recording the number of steps and energy expenditures. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS statistical software.
Results. The average of steps made during 1 week was 54,078.5 ± 17,625.7. Mean energy expenditures during 1 week was also sufficient (2916.4 ± 880.2 kcal and 2289 ± 775.1 METs). Physical activity score assessed by questionnaire method was 5.0 ± 1.2. Very strong statistical correlation was found between steps maid during 1 week and energy expenditures measured in kcals and METs (r =.9). Also strong statistical correlation was detected between body mass index and body fat (r =.9). Inverse statistically significant correlation was detected between body mass index and number of steps maid during 1 week (r = -.7). No significant correlations were found between physical activity and physical capacity indicators. Higher physical activity was correlated with better self-rated health (r =.6). Better aerobic physical capacity was significantly associated with higher muscle strength, better body balance and with higher blood pressure and higher rest heart rate.
Conclusion. Physical activity had positive impact on older women's body composition whereas better aerobic physical capacity was associated with higher muscle strength and higher blood pressure.


By Richard Robinson, Farmer at Hopestill Farm
weed large garden bed
Soil test results are the key to planning your soil fertility program. Adding the right amendments in the right amount can dramatically improve your plants' health and your garden's productivity. But once you have your test results, it can sometimes feel daunting to figure out how much of a particular amendment you need to add to get to your goal–and I say that as a former math and chemistry teacher!
In this article, I will try to greatly simplify that process with a few conversion factors and formulas. With these, you should be able to use your results to easily figure out what you need to order—from the NOFA bulk order or elsewhere—and apply your findings to fine tune your garden's fertility.
Step 1: Determine your garden's area in square feet. If it's rectangular, multiply the length times width.
Example: 100' long x 40' wide = 4000 square feet (sf)
Step 2: Convert your garden's area to acres. Divide your square feet by 43,560 sf/acre.
Example: 4000/43,560=0.092 acres.
Now that you know your garden's area, it's time to look at the soil test results. Many of the results you get will be in either parts per million (ppm) or pounds per acre (lbs./acre). The most useful form is usually lbs./acre, so it's best to convert any ppm results before going any further.
Step 3: Convert any soil test results reported in ppm to lbs./acre
The math gods were smiling on us when they cooked up this conversion factor: ppm x2 = lbs./acre. If your potassium test indicates you have 100 ppm in your soil, multiply by 2 to get the equivalent in lbs./acre.
Example: 100 ppm x 2= 200 lbs./acre.
(It is rare you would need to work backwards from lbs./acre to ppm, but of you do, take your lbs./acre and divide by 2. 200 lbs./acre /2 = 100 ppm.)
Step 4: Determine how much of the ELEMENT you want to add per acre.
This amount is the difference between what you want and what you have. Your soil test will probably indicate the "desired value" (in the words of Logan Labs) or the "optimum range" (from UMass). Following my K example from above, let's say that the desired value is 380 lbs./acre. So the amount of the element I need to add is:
Example: 380 – 200 = 180 lbs./acre.
If you are beginning with an optimum range given in ppm, be sure to convert it to lbs./acre before doing your subtraction.
Step 5: Determine how much of the ELEMENT you want to add for your garden. To do this, multiply the pounds of ELEMENT per acre by the area of your garden in acres determined in Step 2.
Example: 180 lbs./acre K x 0.092 acres = 16.6 lbs. K
Person spreading amendments in a large garden
Spread amendments evenly over your garden, then mix it in or cover it with mulch.
Step 6: Determine how much of the AMENDMENT you want to add for your garden. This step is slightly more involved than previous steps, but is not really any more complicated. If you could get pure K for your garden, you'd just add 16.6 pounds of it, and you'd be done (though you'd want to stand back, as it would quickly explode upon hitting the moist soil…). But your amendment is not pure K; it's a compound that is only part K. Most commonly, it is in the form of potassium sulfate (K2SO4) or "K-Mag," potassium-magnesium sulfate (K2SO4-2MGSO4).
Intuitively, you can see you need to add more than 16.6 lbs. of amendment to get 16.6 lbs. of K into your garden. Equally intuitively, you can see that if your amendment was 1/4 K by weight, you'd need to add 4×16.6 lbs. The actual fraction of K in the various amendments isn't quite that neat and tidy, but the principle is the same. We find out how much K is in the amendment, and then flip that to use as our multiplier.
Finding those multipliers involves consulting the periodic table of the elements and adding up the elements in each compound, but there is no need for every member of NOFA to do that on their own. A simple table of multipliers (below) can be used as long as you are using the amendment shown. Use the K2SO4 multiplier for K2SO4, but not for K-Mag!
Element Compound Formula Weight Percent Element Multiplier
B Borax Na2B4O7-10H2O 382 11% B 9.1
Ca Gypsum CaSO4-2H2O 172 23% Ca 4.3
Ca Calcium carbonate CaCO3 100 40% Ca 2.5
Cu Copper sulfate CuSO4-5H2O 250 25% Cu 4
K Potassium sulfate K2SO4 174 45% K 2.2
K K-mag K2SO4-2MgSO4 319 24% K 4.2
Mg K-mag K2SO4-2MgSO4 319 15% Mg 6.67
Mg Epsom salts MgSO4-7H20 246 10% Mg 10
Mn Manganese sulfate MnSO4-H2O 168 33% Mn 3
Zn Zinc sulfate ZnSO4/7H2O 287 23% Zn 4.3
So, if we want to add 16.6 lbs. of K to our garden, how much K2SO4 do we need? We use the multiplier 2.2.
Example: 16.6 lbs. K x 2.2 = 36.5 lbs. K2SO4.
If instead we were using K-Mag, the multiplier for K is 4.17.
Example: 16.6 lbs. K x 4.17 = 69.2 lbs. K-Mag.
And that's it—spread that evenly over your garden, mix it in or cover it with mulch, and your plants will thank you.
This same process can be used for any other element on your soil test: Find your desired amount of ELEMENT to add per acre, multiply by your garden's acreage, then multiply by your AMENDMENT's multiplier.


1. Home
 2. Canoeing
Canoeing is a water sport, in which athletes use small lightweight boats to paddle on the water. Canoeing is a very dynamic sport that can be practiced recreationally by anyone, while also having a competitive side. Recreationally, canoeing is a good way to enjoy a sunny day. There is really no previous knowledge needed to practice canoeing, it is truly not hard to pick it up. Canoeing can be done in white-water, wild-water, rapids, and even the ocean.
Canoeing competitively is a little more challenging. The sport has a solid base of athletes, who focus their lives on improving at the sport, and winning at the highest level. While there are several modalities of competitive canoeing, the most well-known are sprint, and slalom, both present in the Olympic Games.
canoeing history
Canoeing, before becoming a physical activity, was a means of transportation, and it is still used as such by many. A central character in turning canoeing into a popular activity and sport was Scottish John MacGregor, who in the 1860s traveled around Europe and the Middle East popularizing canoeing. Around the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th, canoeing became increasingly popular in Europe and North America. Several canoeing clubs were founded. In 1936 canoeing was featured at the Olympic Games for the first time.
Playing Surface
Canoeing Playing Surface
Canoeing is practiced on water. There are many modalities practiced on different types of water bodies. Canoeing can be practiced on lakes, rivers, and even the ocean. While doing it on a lake, waters are calm and it is easy to control the canoe or kayak. Canoeing in a river that has a strong current requires more experience and knowledge.
In the Olympics, one of the most impressive venues is always where canoeing slalom is held. The organizing committee builds an artificial rafting course, something like a huge swimming pool with artificial currents. Canoeing sprint is not held at the same venue, but rather somewhere where water is calm and still, allowing athletes to reach top speed in their canoes.
Canoeing Equipment
Whether you want to practice canoeing recreationally or competitively, you'll need certain pieces of equipment. In addition, depending on what modality of canoeing you'll be practicing, that equipment you'll need may vary slightly. Check out some of the main pieces of equipment necessary to practice canoeing:
 - Canoe or Kayak
 - Paddle
 - Lifejacket
 - Helmet
 - Wetsuit
Canoeing Gameplay
In competitive canoeing, gameplay is usually quick and speedy. For example, in canoeing sprints, athletes are lined up in their canoes and race each other in a sprint, and whoever finishes first wins. Sprints are usually short and so explosiveness and speed are very important. In canoeing slalom, speed is equally important, although skill also plays a big part. Athletes must go down a course, going through gates and fighting strong currents. The winner is whoever finishes the course in the shortest time.
Rules and Regulations
Canoeing Rules and Regulations
While there are no rules to recreational canoeing, the sport's competitive events are full of them. Check out some of the main rules:
LanesCanoe SprintAt a race, each canoe is assigned a straight lane, to which it must stick all through the race, Athletes cannot invade lanes next to theirs, or else they can be disqualified. The athletes with the best times in qualifying heats are awarded the central lanes.
False StartCanoe SprintAthletes who start before they are allowed to commit a false start. If a first false start is committed, the athlete is given a second shot to start the race at the proper time. If a false start is done for the second time, the athlete is disqualified.
Tie BreaksCanoe SlalomIt sometimes happens that athletes finish with the exact same times after going through the course. If that happens in a preliminary heat, all athletes with the said time will advance to the next round. If it happens in the final heat, and the athletes have a tie that puts them in the podium, they shall all receive medals. Simply put, there are no tie-breaks.
Going through gatesCanoe SlalomIn canoe slalom, athletes must go through gates, posted all around the course. Athletes must go through all gates, and they have to do it without being upside down. Missing gates results in time penalties.
Touching gate polesCanoe SlalomWhen going through gates, athletes cannot touch any of the poles that limit the gates. Neither athlete nor paddle or boat can touch the poles, with time penalties being added at the end if that happens.
Referees and Officials
Canoeing Referees and Officials
Depending on what modality of canoeing is being practiced, the duty of referees and officials change. For example, the job of a polo canoe referee is a lot different from that of a canoe slalom referee, much because the rules are very different. While a polo canoe referee must pay attention to the interaction between players, in canoe slalom referees have to pay attention to the athlete's performance, and if he or she commits penalties that may result in time being added.
Recently, the job of a referee in canoe slalom has become simpler. A system of video cameras has been implemented to help referees see if athletes touch gate poles or commit any other faults.
Lingo and Terminology
Canoeing Lingo and Terminology
Canoeing has lots of terms that are used by the people who practice it. Most of it refers to parts of boats and the equipment. Take a look at some canoeing lingo and important terminology:
BellyThe bottom part of the canoe, the part that is in contact with the water.
BladesThe part of the paddle that goes inside the water
BowThe front of the canoe.
GunwaleThe top edges of the canoe.
Keel Ridge on the outside bottom of the canoe, improves stability.
PaddlesIt is used to paddle the canoe or kayak.
Skills and Techniques
Canoeing Skills and Techniques
Canoeing is really a not hard sport to practice; if done in an easy environment and with the proper equipment, it doesn't require any previous skill or technique knowledge. Nonetheless, doing it more efficiently and in more challenging environments it requires more experience and a better understanding of stroking technique. Keep in mind that the stroking technique may also change depending on how many people are paddling in a canoe. There are a few other techniques to think about aside from the stroking method chosen. It is good to use torso rotation when paddling, while also working both upper and lower body.
Canoeing Coaches
The best canoeing coaches in the world do not have celebrity status, or are well-known around the world. Nonetheless, that doesn't mean that they haven't been legendary, or that they haven't been successful. Below are some of the best canoeing coaches in history, and the athletes they trained:
Ivan PaitzachinRomanian National Team
Jesús MorlanIsaquias Queiroz, David Mol
Katalin RozsnyóiHungarian National Team
Canoeing Coaching
In canoeing, it is the coaches job to work the athlete's skills and techniques, strength and fitness, and mind. For that, canoeing coaches must be very knowledgeable about the sport. Although some think that canoeing is purely physical and there are no tactics involved, that is far from the truth. Coaches, their training techniques, and relationship with athletes can make a strong difference. In addition to that, canoeing is a sport where it often comes down to seconds or centimeters. With such a slim margin between being successful and unsuccessful, a coach's leadership skills, and psychological work are extra important.
Canoeing Strategy
In canoe sprint, the strategy is similar to that of track and field events. Athletes must know to control their power, strength, and speed. Understanding their strengths and weaknesses, they must decide when to increase speed and when to go to that final sprint. This can give the athlete a medal if done at the right time, or can wear them out if done at the wrong time. In double's or 4 people events, all members of the team must be in sync, and understand each other's rhythms to do the best sprint possible.
Canoeing Drills
Canoe drills vary depending on your goals in the sport. While canoe athletes who train to fight for an Olympic or World Championship medal may have more intense, fitness focused workouts and drills, people who do canoeing recreationally may focus more on improving their paddling technique and general boat control. To improve paddling technique, a good idea is just to stand in the water, with water up to around the knees, and paddle. That allows for technique improvement, and better understanding of water movement when doing so. If you are also looking to do drills that improve your fitness, working the core, abs, and chest is a good idea to improve in canoeing.
Olympic Canoeing
Olympic Canoeing
Canoeing is very popular in the Olympics. The sport is present in the Games with two disciplines, Canoe Sprint and Canoe Slalom, each with multiple events. Canoe Sprint was the first one to be added to the Olympic program, back in 1936. Sprint has Kayak and Canoe events, with singles, doubles, and four athletes per boat. The distances also vary, with the


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What is a rhombille grid?
A rhombille grid is a tessellation of the plain in identical rhombi. (The term was coined by John Conway in his book The Symmetries of Things. He also created The Game of Life.)
One of the earliest games that used an isometric view, Q*bert (1982), used a grid like this to simulate a limited 3D environment. Indeed, with appropriate shading, the tiling resemble a stack of 3D cubes. At the time, the game was praised for its innovative graphics.
Another game that uses a rhombille grid is Rhomboid Slitherlinks, a set of puzzles created by Jim Bumgardner, using tilings supplied by Lars Huttar (Edit: I previously only credited Jim. Lars explains in a comment below how the puzzles came about. I apologize for the omission.). A Slitherlink is a puzzle where the goal is to draw in edges of a grid so that they form a single, continuous line that does not cross itself. Some cells have numbers; these indicate the number of edges of that cell that are part of the solution line.
The rombille grid has another feature that makes them useful for games. Rhombille grids are the edge-grids of hexagonal and triangular grids. In other words, if we are interested in the edges of these types of grids, we could consider them the faces of appropriate rhombille grids. For instance, if we use a rhombus tile with the long diagonal of the rhombus drawn in, the resulting grid will be a triangular grid. If we use tiles with the short diagonal drawn in instead, the resulting grid is a hexagonal grid.
There are not many examples of games played on the edges of these types of grids. There is a version of Dots for hexagonal grids, and hexagonal Sliterlink puzzles. The Settlers of Catan has a road-building mechanic on the edges of the hexes. Another interesting game is Vertex Dispenser, where players play on the edges (really, from vertex to vertex) to gain territory, similar to Dots. Unlike the other examples, this game uses grids on 3D shapes.
When you work with edges for hex or tri grids, there are several advantages to work with rhomb tiles instead of tris or hexes:
- It is easier to draw the edges, since you are not near the edge of the tile. This gives you more freedom to play with the lines.
- Since each edge has it's own tile, you only have to use one tile. In a tri grid such as the one below, you would need two different tiles.
- It is easier to make the edges clickable.
There are many ways in which we can assign coordinates to the cell in a rhombille grid. One technique that works well is to group the rhombi into groups of three, where each group forms a hexagon. We can then make a coordinate from the hex coordinate, and an index that indicates the orientation (and hence also which of the three rhombi in the group we mean).
This is the scheme followed in the image at the top of this post. You will notice that groups of three rhombi with the same colors make up a hexagon (or a cube). The first part of the rhomb coordinate is the hex-coordinate of the hex that it is part of (see Amit Patel's article on grid math for more detail on hex coordinates). The last part is an index indicating it's orientation.
The neighbors of a cell in a rhombille grid is complex.
In the image above, the blue cell has four 1-neighbors (the green cells), four 2-neighbors (the yellow cells) and ten 3-neighbors (the red cells).
If we view the rhomb grid as a edge hex-grid, then the 1-neighbors of a cell are all the edges connected to the edge in that cell. If we view the rhomb grid as a edge tri grid, then the 1-, 2- and 3- neighbors of a cell contain the edges connected to the edge in that cell.
In Q*bert, only "flat" cells are accessible. In this case, neighbors do not share an edge or even a vertex.


text:
How to localize the SUMO interface
Table of Contents
What are UI strings?
Each element of the SUMO site interface that is text, but not the help content itself - all the buttons and navigation links. The text of each such element is a "string".
We currently have two servers for SUMO:
- _URL_ - our real server, also known as "prod" (short for "production")
- _URL_ - out release testing server (this is not a server to test localizations - a broken string will be a broken string both here and on the production server).
The strings you translate are regularly transferred to the testing and production servers, where you can see them in action.
Where can I localize strings?
UI strings for SUMO are localized in a variety of tools:
- Pontoon - the most popular tool - developed and maintained by Mozilla's L10n Team. You can find the documentation that explains how to use Pontoon here.
- Pootle - used by several locales - an updated version of the legacy tool (Verbatim)
How can I localize strings in Pontoon?
Please note that at this moment in time, SUMO is using the Out-of-context method of localization, and not the In-context option that Pontoon offers.
- Register or log in through the main site. If you have a Mozilla LDAP account you can just log in with your LDAP username and password. Otherwise, you'll have to register for an account before you can login.
- Navigate to SUMO strings. To do this, click the leftmost navigation breadcrumb in the top left corner of the page, and type "SUMO". Click the option that appears. In a similar way, choose your locale and the file you want to localize in the following breadcrumbs. Finally, click.
- View missing strings. To do this, click the funnel/filter icon below the navigation breadcrumbs and choose Missing, Fuzzy or Untranslated to display strings that require work. If you want to find a particular string, use the Search box next to the funnel/filter icon and input the text in English.
- Translate the text and make sure you save your work.
How can I review suggestions in Pontoon?
If you are a Reviewer in Pontoon, you will occasionally have to approve strings suggested by others. To do so:
- Log in as described above.
- Navigate to the SUMO project, as described above.
- View suggested strings. To do this, click the funnel/filter icon below the navigation breadcrumbs and choose Suggested or Has Suggestions to display strings that require reviewing. If you want to find a particular string, use the Search box next to the funnel/filter icon and input the text in English.
- To approve an existing suggestion, review the suggestions in the bottom right part of the screen, and approve the best one using the "checkmark" symbol.


text:
This study on behalf of the Workers' Group of the European Economic and Social Committee aims to analyse early initiatives launched in the context of the European Pillar of Social Rights (EPSR) and to provide the EESC with concrete policy recommendations to ensure its effective implementation.
Four key findings stand out. First, the Pillar has, within a very short time span, relaunched an ambitious EU 'Social Agenda' which has the potential to create new rights for citizens. Second, the Pillar is already strongly influencing the substantive messages of the 2018 cycle of the European Semester. Third, the Social Scoreboard is a step forward but needs further refinement. Fourth, national trade unions seem aware of the Pillar and are generally happy with its content but highly doubtful that they will be involved in its implementation.
To ensure effective implementation of the Pillar, we recommend that it be given adequate financial resources and clearly defined governance tools through an ambitious but realistic roadmap. The EESC should play an important role in monitoring the implementation of the Pillar at EU and national levels and should act as a hub to gather and synthesise national trade unions' and civil society's proposals for effective implementation.


text:
Copyright © 2011 Boorapa Singha and Jintana Sanwong. This is an open access article distributed under the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Suppose that is an infinite set with and is the symmetric inverse semigroup defined on. In 1984, Levi and Wood determined a class of maximal subsemigroups (using certain subsets of ) of the Baer-Levi semigroup dom and. Later, in 1995, Hotzel showed that there are many other classes of maximal subsemigroups of, but these are far more complicated to describe. It is known that is a subsemigroup of the partial Baer-Levi semigroup. In this paper, we characterize all maximal subsemigroups of when, and we extend to obtain maximal subsemigroups of when.


How do you train your dog to play dead?
Quick Answer
To train your dog to play dead, start with a down position, get her to roll onto her back, and reward her for the correct behavior. Repeat the training daily for a minimum of 10 days. Training takes 10 minutes per session and requires treats or a clicker.
Continue Reading
How do you train your dog to play dead?
Credit: Dorling Kindersley Dorling Kindersley Getty Images
Full Answer
 1. Prepare your dog
 Play with your dog or take her for a walk so that she's relaxed. This also allows her to burn off excess energy.
 2. Put your dog in a down position
 Your dog should already be trained to lie down on command. Once she's down, kneel in front of her with a treat in your hand.
 3. Give the command
 A common verbal command for playing dead is "bang." This can be accompanied by a gesture mimicking a gun.
 4. Roll your dog
 Start with the treat near the dog's shoulder. Give the verbal command, and move the treat over your dog's head to the other shoulder. Simultaneously push her shoulder gently so that she lies on her side. Roll her onto her back so that her belly is exposed.
 5. Reward your dog
 Rub your dog's belly and say, "Good dog." If using treats as a reward, give her the cookie now. You can also train your dog using the clicker method.
 6. Repeat the training
 Repeat the steps several times for each session. Maintain consistency with the verbal command and the hand gesture if you choose to use it. If your dog gets frustrated, abbreviate the training, and return to it the following day.
 7. Wean off the reward
 Gradually stop touching your dog to induce her to roll over. Eventually replace the treats with verbal affirmations.
Learn more about Dogs
Related Questions


text:
Conserving areas of bush and forest in cities is essential to the conservation of New Zealand's wasp species, according to research from Victoria University.
With more than 1,000 native species, wasps are an important part of New Zealand's biodiversity says Dr Rudi Schnitzler.
"Despite their fearsome reputation, very few wasps are capable of stinging humans; most tend to paralyse other insects. They play an essential role in the control of insects and are often deliberately used to control pest species such as the apple leaf roller moth in Hawke's Bay and Nelson."
Dr Schnitzler's PhD focussed on the effect diminishing amounts of native bush in urban areas has on native and introduced wasp species. He found that the greater the proximity of reserves and parks, the greater the number of wasps and the better the health and diversity of the species.
His findings are important for the conservation of urban bush and forest areas and have implications for city planners. "It's important to have many different types of plants in any section of forest or bush. The more variety in terms of species of plants, the more likely you'll find a pool of insects that nature can maintain."
He says backyard gardeners can play a part in increasing the diversity of flora and fauna of cities, especially in Wellington where sections of forest and bush are in close proximity to backyards.
Dr Schnitzler spent more than two years collecting and analysing wasps at 10 sites around the greater Wellington region.


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ADS-B data latency, means the time between aircraft onboard GPS catches its own position & other information and when this information is in final use, like on ATC display. For example, if the latency is 2 seconds, it means the aircraft position information you get is actually 2 seconds before.
Technically speaking, different information has different latency. GPS position and velocity have different latency. Very complicated. So for a simple explanation, we'll take GPS position and ADS-B ground-to-air surveillance application as an example.
I'll list all the latency below.
1. GPS receiver catches aircraft position, time T0;
2. GPS receiver output position to onboard data bus, time T1;
3. Position data from GPS receiver arrives at ADS-B transmitter via onboard data bus, time T2;
4. ADS-B transmitter transmit the position data, time T3;
5. ADS-B position data arrives at ADS-B ground receiver, time T4;
6. ADS-B receiver output ADS-B position data, time T5;
7. ADS-B position data arrives at ADS-B display system, time T6.
The whole latency is T6 minus T0.
Please keep in mind that this is a very simple explanation of ADS-B latency. The real situation is far more complicated.


What is the 2 letters after the account name for address books?
 - Hi,
 assume I have an CardDAV account named "account" with an address book called "Accounts Addresses" (Baikal server, if that matters).
 I my contacts app I now see something like "Accounts Addresses (account xy)" in the address book selection. What is that "xy"? It seem to be 2 random letters (containing uppercase/lowercase/numbers).
 - developer
 Please see here: _URL_
 DAVdroid address books accounts: They're named after the CardDAV address book which they are connected to, plus a hash of the URL, for instance: My addresses (UA). The hash is necessary when there are two address books with the same name. The address book account names will be shown in your contacts app as possible destinations for contacts.
 and here: _URL_
 Without the hash (the two letters), it would not be possible to have two address books with the same name (e.g. "Address book") in two different CardDAV accounts.
Similar topics
 - 2
 - 7
 - 2


text:
What does TWOC stand for?
TWOC stands for Trinity World Outreach Center (Louisville, KY)
This definition appears very rarely and is found in the following Acronym Finder categories:
- Organizations, NGOs, schools, universities, etc.
See other definitions of TWOC
We have 2 other meanings of TWOC in our Acronym Attic
- Teen Way Off Broadway
- Timeless Way of Building (book by Christopher Alexander)
- Total Waste of Bandwidth
- Taken Without Owner's Consent (UK theft)
- Termination without Cause (employment)
- Textile Workers Organizing Committee (Congress of Industrial Organizations)
- The Western Orthodox Church
- The Woodlands Operating Company (Texas)
- Training Wing Operations Center
- Trial Without Catheter


text: Eelgrass is a seed plant and not a seaweed. It has roots and seeds just like land plants. Mattresses and cushions filled with eelgrass, dikes made from eelgrass for defending the land from the sea - just some of the ways this plant was used before it practically disappeared in the Wadden Sea, Zuiderzee and delta region. It's understandable that Dutch people think it's a seaweed. 'Wier' in Dutch means seaweed. The northeastern corner of the province North-Holland is called Wieringen. It used to be an island up till the 1920s. Lots of so-called wier grew in the surrounding water, giving the island its name. The 'wier' was eelgrass. In earlier times, it was harvested and formed a major source of income for residents of the islands, including Wieringen. It was a disaster for them when the eelgrass disappeared in the 1930s. There are two species found in the Wadden Sea region: Zostera marina and Zostera noltii.


text:
Please note that special rules during COVID-19 may affect some info in this factsheet. See our COVID-19 Guide here.
As a tenant you have rights under the Residential Tenancies Act 2010 and Residential Tenancies Regulation 2019. This factsheet outlines the law in NSW about starting a tenancy – including the form of the residential tenancies agreement, what information you can expect the landlord or agent to provide, what costs you can be asked to pay, and the rules about the condition report.
The residential tenancy agreement
The residential tenancy agreement is a contract. It has standard 'terms' that are the tenant's and landlord's rights and obligations.
Tenancy agreements are usually in written form. They can also be oral (e.g. a conversation with the landlord), or partly written–partly oral. All agreements must follow the Residential Tenancies Act 2010 ('the Act').
A landlord should provide the tenancy agreement in writing. If not, then during the first 6 months of the tenancy, they cannot increase the rent and cannot end the tenancy without a legally specified reason.
There are two types of agreement:
- fixed term – for a specified period (e.g. 12 months)
- periodic – ongoing, no fixed term is specified
The landlord may include additional terms in the standard tenancy agreement if:
- both you and the landlord agree to them
- they do not conflict with the Act 2010 or any other laws
- they don't conflict with the terms of the standard agreement
Also see Factsheet 01: Residential Tenancies Act.
Tenancy agreements in share housing
If you rent part of the premises from another tenant, it is in your interest to have a written tenancy agreement with them. See Factsheet 15: Share Housing and Factsheet 18: Transfer and sub‑letting.
Landlord/agent to provide information
Before signing a tenancy agreement
If a landlord decides to enter into a tenancy agreement with you, they (or their agent) must not knowingly hide any of these 'material facts' from you:
- the premises have been subject to serious flooding or bushfire in the last 5 years
- the premises have significant health/safety risks that are not apparent on inspection
- the premises have been the scene of a serious violent crime in the last 5 years
- council waste services will be different from others in the council area
- you cannot get a free residential parking permit (in an area where only paid parking is available)
- the premises have a driveway or walkway that others can legally use
- the premises was the scene of a drug offence under the Drug Misuse and Trafficking Act 1985 in the last 2 years
- the premises is listed on the Loose-fill Asbestos Insulation (LFAI) Register maintained under the Home Building Act 1989
- if you are renting in a strata scheme – any scheduled repairs to common property during your fixed term
If your premises is in a building where a rectification of the building's external combustible cladding is required, the landlord/agent must tell you if any of the following have been issued in relation to this:
- fire safety order / notice of intention to issue a fire safety order
- a building rectification order or notice of intention to issue a building rectification order
- a development application or complying development certificate application for rectification of the building
The landlord (or their agent, if the agent is aware) must also tell you if either of the following apply:
- they propose to sell the premises (if they have prepared a contract for sale of the premises)
- a mortgagee has started court proceedings to enforce a mortgage over the premises.
You may be able to terminate your tenancy if your landlord fails to disclose any of these material facts to you. See Factsheet 09: You want to leave.
Landlord's information statement
A landlord must sign an acknowledgment on the tenancy agreement that they have read and understood the contents of an information statement which sets out the landlord's rights and obligations under the law.
Real estate agents signing this acknowledgement must first obtain a written statement from the landlord that the landlord has read and understood their rights and obligations as set out in the information statement.
Social housing providers (including NSW Land and Housing Corporation, community housing providers & the Aboriginal Housing Office) are exempt from signing this acknowledgment.
On signing a tenancy agreement
The landlord/agent must give you a NSW Fair Trading New tenant checklist. If you are renting in a strata scheme, they must give you a copy of the strata by-laws within 7 days, and inform you if a strata renewal committee is currently established for the scheme.
Landlord's/agent's contact details
Before or when you sign the tenancy agreement, the landlord/agent must give you these contact details in writing (or include them in the tenancy agreement):
- the name, phone number and business address of the landlord's agent (if any) and the name and phone number or other contact details of the landlord
- (if there is no agent) the business or residential address and phone number of the landlord
- (if the landlord is a corporation) the name and business address of the corporation.
Costs at the start of a tenancy
A landlord/agent can only ask you to pay:
- a holding fee
- rent in advance
- a bond
Get a detailed receipt for any payments you make.
The Rentstart loan scheme helps disadvantaged tenants in the private rental market with money for bond and rent in advance. Apply through DCJ Housing (call 1300 468 746).
A landlord/agent may ask you to pay a holding fee on approval of your application for a tenancy. The most they can ask for is one week's rent.
The landlord/agent can hold only one fee at a time. On receiving a holding fee, they can't enter into an agreement with another prospective tenant for 7 days (or longer, if you both agree).
Upon signing the tenancy agreement, the fee goes toward the rent from the first day of your tenancy.
The landlord/agent must refund the fee if:
- they decline to enter into the tenancy agreement, or
- you refuse to enter into the tenancy agreement because the landlord/agent made any false or misleading statement, or they failed to tell you any 'material facts'.
If you otherwise decide not to enter into the tenancy agreement, the landlord/agent can keep the fee.
Rent in advance
The landlord/agent or the tenancy agreement cannot require you to pay more than 2 weeks rent in advance (you may choose to pay more). They cannot demand further rent until it falls due and cannot ask for a postdated cheque.
The bond is money you pay at the start as security in case you don't follow the terms of the tenancy agreement.
- The bond must only be in the form of money.
- The landlord/agent must take only one bond for a tenancy agreement.
- The bond must not be more than an amount of 4 weeks rent.
- The landlord/agent must not require that you pay a bond before you sign a tenancy agreement.
- The landlord/agent must deposit the bond with Fair Trading.
- The landlord/agent must give you the option of using the voluntary NSW Fair Trading Rental Bonds Online system, however they may not require you to use this system.
See Factsheet 03: Bond for more information.
The condition report
The landlord/agent must fill in a condition report and provide this to you when you move in. The report describes the condition of the premises. The landlord/agent must give you 2 copies –one for you to keep and one for you to return to them. You must complete your condition report and return one copy to the landlord or agent within 7 days of moving in.
If the landlord/agent does not give you a condition report, write a detailed report on the condition of the premises yourself and have a witness sign and date it.
Completing the report
Inspect the premises and complete the report carefully. The report will be used as evidence if the landlord/ agent disputes the return of your bond at the end of the tenancy.
It is also a good idea to take photographs at the start (and the end) of the tenancy, and store them in a safe place.
If the landlord undertakes to do cleaning, repairs, additions or other work, write details in the section 'Landlord's promise to undertake work'.
Keys for each tenant
The landlord/agent must give each tenant named in the tenancy agreement a free copy of the keys (or other opening devices) for the premises and for common property that the tenants are entitled to access.
Disputes and complaints
Get advice from your local Tenants' Advice Service about applying to the Tribunal or complaining to Fair Trading.
You can apply to the Tribunal for order/s that:
- the landlord prepares and enters into a written tenancy agreement
- a term of the tenancy agreement is invalid because it is inconsistent with the law
- a holding fee is refunded to you (whether or not you enter into a tenancy agreement)
- the condition report is amended
You can complain to Fair Trading if a landlord/agent, for example:
- charges extra (other than holding fee, rent in advance and bond) before you enter into an agreement, or for preparing a written agreement
- withholds any 'material facts', proposed sale or mortgagee action, or makes any false/misleading statement before you enter into an agreement
- includes prohibited terms in the tenancy agreement (see Factsheet 01: Residential Tenancies Act).
- asks for a bond of more than


Feeding leopard geckos
Feeding pet Leopard geckos
Tagged with:
Leopard geckos need to eat insects to survive. The correct principles and foods can make feeding time a pleasure for both the owner and pet Leopard geckos.
Esitmated reading time: 4 mins. (1 006 words) | Be the first to comment | 7 references cited
Introduction to feeding pet Leopard geckos
Leopard geckos are considered entirely insectivorous(32)(49)(50), meaning they mainly eat and digest insects as food. Popular feeder insects for healthy Leopard geckos include correctly sized crickets(30)(32)(50) and mealworms(30)(50). Popular feeding times are during the evenings, dusk and dawn. The diet of Leopard geckos needs to be supplemented with vitamins and minerals.
A variety of gut-loaded insect prey should be offered(32).
Various feeding related items for Leopard geckos and other lizards are commercially available from places like Amazon.com, pet shops, reptile retailers and other online shops.
Feeder insects for Leopard geckos
Because of their quality, acceptability, size and availability, crickets and mealworms will often be the most commonly used feeder insects for Leopard geckos. It is important to offer a variety of insect sizes/ages and types. Commercially available insects should take preference over, more dangerous, wild-caught ones and it is preferable that they are obtained from trusted, reputable pet shops and/or insect farms.
Although some Leopard geckos will occasionally accept dead insects, feeder insects should be alive and fresh (i.e. gut-loaded). Commercial insects can either be obtained as-needed or can be bred in large or small quantities at home. Some insects such as mealworms are easy to store for longer periods, but Leopard gecko keepers typically buy enough feeder insects to last for about a week.
Other good commercial feeder insects include walking insects such as Dubia roaches(30)(50) and small locusts/grasshoppers(30)(50) and crawling insects like waxworms(30)(50), Phoenix worms, silkworms(30) and Trevo worms. The occasional pinky mouse can also be offered to adult Leopard geckos(30).
Food sizes for Leopard geckos
Whatever feeder insects are used, they should also be the correct size for Leopard geckos. The average size of the insects that are being fed to Leopard geckos should not exceed the width of the Leopard gecko's head. In other words, the length between the eyes of the Leopard gecko.
Feeder insects and pinky mice can often be ordered and bought according to their size. Although dependant on the type of insect, sizes are generally marked as (extra small), small, medium and large. Baby Leopard geckos will need small to medium-sized insects where adults will need larger sizes.
How much to feed Leopard geckos
The number of insects that will be consumed per feeding will depend on the feeding frequency, type and size of insects, availability of ad-lib food, environmental factors such as average heating, and the age, size of the personal preference of the Leopard gecko. Depending on these factors, anything between one and around ten insects can be considered normal.
Walking insects such as crickets can be offered one-by-one, or a few at a time until the Leopard gecko has lost interest. Some keepers prefer leaving walking insects in the enclosure for up to an hour. Excess (non-eaten) insects should be removed. Free-roaming insects become 'stale', can spread diseases, cause stress and possibly cause injuries to sleeping Leopard geckos.
Crawling insects such as mealworms can be offered ad libitum (always available) in a small shallow escape-proof dish. Although 'crawlies' should always be available, they must always be fresh. It is also a good idea to offer crawling insects in the same container as the powdered supplements are offered in (see below).
How often to feed Leopard geckos
The frequency of feeding depends on the age, reproductive status, body condition and health status of Leopard geckos.
It is generally accepted that baby and juvenile Leopard geckos should be fed every day until they are about 1 year of age. So should sick, pregnant females, debilitated and tailless Leopard geckos.
Depending on their body condition score, adult Leopard geckos can be fed every other day.
Supplementation for Leopard geckos
Probably the only disadvantage of feeding commercial feeder insects (vs. wild-caught insects) is that vitamin and mineral supplementation is required(50). For Leopard geckos, food supplementation is vital(30)(32).
Because it is not always advisable to supply ultraviolet (UV) lighting to Leopard geckos(30)(32), calcium and vitamin D3 supplementation plays an important role in maintaining bone mass and overall health.
Leopard gecko feeding on powdered mealworms
Lick supplementation is part of feeding Leopard geckos. In this image, a Leopard gecko is eating mealworms from a shallow dish also containing a powdered calcium/vitamin D3 supplement. Image by Renier Delport
Feeder insects should be gut-loaded with an appropriate mineral/vitamin supplement and should be dusted two to three times a week with a calcium/vitamin D3 combination powder. An ad-lib supply of powdered calcium/vitamin D3 supplement as 'lick', should be supplied in a small shallow dish or lid for additional calcium needs.
Where to feed
The best place to feed Leopard geckos is inside their enclosure — there where the temperature and lighting are more natural and preferable. To prevent accidental ingestion of particulate substrates, such as sand and gravel, food can be offered in shallow containers, on a feeding platform or, if it is tolerated, by hand.
It's feeding time!
Being crepuscular(50)(51)(59) to nocturnal(49)(69) and cathemeral, Leopard geckos will mostly come out to feed during dusk, dawn and the evenings. This makes early mornings and the evenings the best time to offer food to Leopard geckos.
Correct feeding will ensure that Leopard geckos grow strong and healthy. When using the correct food and principles, feeding Leopard geckos becomes less of a chore and more of a pleasure.
Cited references
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Retrieving Earth's phase curve
Presentation #1119 in the session "Open Engagement Session B".
Published onMar 17, 2021
Retrieving Earth's phase curve
The EPOXI extended mission phase for the Deep Impact spacecraft observed the Earth in 2008 and 2009 as an analog for a habitable terrestrial exoplanet. The EPOXI data ranges over visible and near-infrared wavelengths and consits of five observations. They are at five different phase angles and three are equatorial observations and two polar (one North and one South) over a 24 hour period. This data is used to create the phase curve and it is compared to a Lambertian scattering disk as can be seen in Figure 1.
The model lines are made using Equation 1 where Ag is the geometric albedo, pi F is the incoming flux and the final term is the Lambert phase function [Madhusudhan and Burrows, 2012].
The geometric albedo to create the lines is 0.2 [Mallama, 2009]. This value is greatly smaller than the classic value for geometric albedo of 0.4341, showing that there is research to be done. Besides this, it can be seen that the difference between model and empirical data is dependent on wavelength. Furthermore, the polar observations have clearly a higher signal than the model for all wavelengths. Since the geometric albedo is the only variable, one can solve for the required geometric albedo to match the model with the data. These values can be seen in Table 1.
From these values, it can be seen that the shorter wavelengths require higher values than longer wavelengths. Furthermore, it shows that the polar observations are distinct from the equatorial ones and it shows that results can be misleading if only equatorial observations would be used. Additionally, it can be seen that despite the different phase angle, the equatorial observations have a similar geometric albedo for each wavelength. The same can be said for the polar observations, even though they are opposite poles. In general, all these numbers are much lower than the geometric albedo of 0.434. Now the values for geometric albedo from EarthObs1 are used to plot the model lines, the result can be seen in Figure 2. This figure visualises what is said before, that the equatorial observations are similar but the polar observations are clearly different.
The analysis still needs to be extended to the infrared region but the visible already shows potential for research. The same potential is expected from the infrared, due to the high signal-to-noise ratio compared to what would be available for a real exoplanet observation. The next step of the research will also involve adapting and improving an exoplanet model made by Dr. D. M. Stam (TU Delft) as the goal is to be able to predict the signal for a certain phase angle.
 - Nikku Madhusudhan and Adam Burrows. ANALYTIC MODELS FOR ALBEDOS, PHASECURVES, AND POLARIZATION OF REFLECTED LIGHT FROM EXOPLANETS. The Astrophysical Journal, 747(1):25, feb 2012. doi: 10.1088/0004-637x/747/1/25. URL
 - Anthony Mallama. Characterization of terrestrial exoplanets based on the phase curvesand albedos of mercury, venus and mars. Icarus, 204(1):11–14, 2009. ISSN 0019-1035.doi: URL
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About insightDproject
What is beyond the art of dance? What can dancers do to improve the lives of children who live in countries affected by internal conflict or disasters? Life has taught us that when we push together towards a goal, we can move mountains. insightDproject is a dance project focused on the development of an artistic path at a young age. Children and teenagers would have the opportunity to recognise themselves as human beings capable of achieving goals through their courage, tenacity, responsibility and discipline.
A brief insight of a process that involves the world.
The project consists of 6 phases, involving dancers, choreographers, producers, musicians, psychologists and consultants from around the world. All of them have contributed to shape this process. The first phase began in NYC in April of 2016 and it took a year and a half to put together all the material needed to proceed to the next phases. I, Joe Belial, a Producer, Audiovisual Director and Journalist, passionate of the image, felt the urge to share my insight beyond the beauty of the movements, through audiovisuals and photography: Dance helps to change lives.
Shaping society through dance.
Personal satisfaction has been something that human beings have always long for, needing, without any doubt, the help or inspiration of others to achieve this. In this tenacious search, he has come to experience different arts, which have enabled him to find himself and unconsciously unload his emotions and feelings. Dance has always been one of those languages that allows human beings to communicate through movements, expressing feelings and moods.
Dancing awakens emotions and fantasies through the movement. It facilitates the expression of sensations, emotions, feelings and moods in a natural and uninhibited way. Thus, we can connect with ourselves and with those emotions that we repress, such as rage, anger, anxiety, anguish, pain, sadness, which can be channeled in a healthy way, which helps emotional control in the day by day.
The videos present an insight of what's beyond dance and how this can be a means of social transformation. The activities were carried out in Evitar and Cartagena, Colombia. The intention was to conduct pilot tests of dance workshops related to the project.
Genna Carey
Modern dancer
Katie Mattar
Modern dancer
Anthony Paul Panesso
Jazz dancer
One step at the time. Dance helps to change lives!
Assistant Producers
– Cécile Jaouen
– Glenn Westphal
Greg, Darlyn & Ronald
Contemporary Dancers
Hat off for these amazing perfomers.


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Section: GNU Development Tools (1)Updated: 2007-08-06Local indexUp
windmc - generates Windows message resources.
windmc reads message definitions from an input file (.mc) and
translate them into a set of output files. The output files may be of
A C header file containing the message definitions.
A resource file compilable by the windres tool.
One or more binary files containing the resource data for a specific
A C include file that maps message id's to their symbolic name.
The exact description of these different formats is available in
documentation from Microsoft.
When windmc converts from the "mc" format to the "bin"
format, "rc", "h", and optional "dbg" it is acting like the
Windows Message Compiler.
Specifies that the input file specified is ANSI. This is the default
Specifies that messages in the output "bin" files should be in ANSI
Specifies that "bin" filenames should have to be prefixed by the
basename of the source file.
Sets the customer bit in all message id's.
Sets the default codepage to be used to convert input file to UTF16. The
default is ocdepage 1252.
Outputs the constants in the header file in decimal. Default is using
The extension for the header file. The default is.h extension.
Specify the BFD format to use for a bin file as output. This
is a BFD target name; you can use the --help option to see a list
of supported targets. Normally windmc will use the default
format, which is the first one listed by the --help option.
The target directory of the generated header file. The default is the
Displays a list of command line options and then exits.
Instructs windmc to generate a warning if the length
of any message exceeds the number specified.
Terminate message text in "bin" files by zero. By default they are
terminated by CR/LF.
Not yet implemented. Instructs "windmc" to generate an OLE2 header
file, using HRESULT definitions. Status codes are used if the flag is not
Sets the default codepage to be used to output text files. The default
is ocdepage 1252.
The target directory for the generated "rc" script and the generated
"bin" files that the resource compiler script includes. The default
is the current directory.
Specifies that the input file is UTF16.
Specifies that messages in the output "bin" file should be in UTF16
format. This is the default behaviour.
Enable verbose mode. This tells you what the preprocessor is if you
didn't specify one.
Prints the version number for windres.
The path of the "dbg" C include file that maps message id's to the
symbolic name. No such file is generated without specifying the switch.
Read command-line options from file. The options read are
inserted in place of the original _USER_ option. If file
does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated
literally, and not removed.
Options in file are separated by whitespace. A whitespace
character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire
option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a
backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included
with a backslash. The file may itself contain additional
_USER_ options; any such options will be processed recursively.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1
or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no
Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the
section entitled ''GNU Free Documentation License''.


Lingwo.ws tutorial, part 1: Creating a service
This is the first part in a four part series on Lingwo.ws. In this part, we will:
 - Install the reference implementation.
 - Create a simple example service.
 - Use "curl" to experiment using the service.
What is Lingwo.ws?
Lingwo.ws is an open specification for a way to design RESTful web services. I've described earlier why this is desirable, but to summarize:
 - Shared expectations: RESTful web services can be just about anything, so long as they follow a few design principles. So, when someone says a service is RESTful, you will still need to read its documentation and learn how specifically that service works. If a service conforms to Lingwo.ws, however, this means it conforms to a specific design.
Syndicate content


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Explore America's Campgrounds
Grass shrimp, or Palaemonetes, are a genus of freshwater and brackish water shrimp commonly found living among plants such as hydrilla and eelgrass. They make excellent live bait, especially for larger game fish. You can learn how to catch fresh water grass shrimp in a few steps.
Items you will need
Fine mesh net
Fish-flavored cat food
Wet eelgrass or other aquatic plants
Know where to look. Grass shrimp are sensitive to heat and changes in temperature and tend to congregate in shady areas. You can find them near aquatic plants and near submerged or sunken objects like docks, fences or pipes. Hunting at night by shining a flashlight into the water can be particularly effective.
Scatter shrimp from hiding places in plants by shaking the plants or combing through them with your hands, a wire rake or a fine, mesh net. Use the same net to scoop up any shrimp that you find. You can also use a sport or commercial shrimp trap baited with fish-flavored cat food.
Take a proper receptacle to store them in. Two good options are a cooler half-filled with ice cubes and lined with newspaper or a wood box lined with eelgrass or other aquatic plants collected from the area. Grass shrimp do not need to be submerged in water to survive, only kept cool and wet.
- Paul Tearle/Stockbyte/Getty Images


How to moisten dry fruit cake
How do you make a fruit cake moist?
How do you moisten a dry Christmas cake?
No matter what kind of cake you've made, if it turns out too dry, you can moisten it with an appropriately flavored liqueur or syrup. Use a skewer to poke holes every inch and a half or so, then use a pastry brush to paint on the liqueur or syrup getting more into the holes.
How do you make dry cake better?
Try one of these methods and rescue that dry cake. Microwave it. Moisten a paper towel, then place it on a microwave safe plate. Steam it. This methods works by placing your cake in a bain-marie. Revive it with simple syrup. Use the bread method. Use the apple method. Serve it with ice cream.
How do you preserve a fruit cake?
Fruitcake should be tightly wrapped and stored in a cool, dry place while aging. If you wrapped your cake in soaked cheesecloth, resoak the cloth once a week and age for six weeks to three months. Cakes simply wrapped in plastic wrap should be brushed with more alcohol every few days during the first two months.
Why is fruitcake so hated?
You might be interested: How to make old fashioned pound cake
Which ingredient makes the cake soft?
Cake flour, which is more finely ground and contains less protein than its all-purpose counterpart, is a major contributor to how soft and the overall weight of a cake. Since cake flour has less protein, less gluten is formed. Without all of that gluten, the cake becomes less dense, airy, and smooth.
How do you moisten an overcooked cake?
Re-heat cake to moisten it Brush some milk or water over the top of the cake. Place caked in a 350ºF oven for 15–20 minutes. Remove from the oven and cool on a wire rack.
Why is my cake too dry?
The ratio of wet to dry ingredients determines a cake's moisture level. If there's simply too much flour and not enough butter, a cake will taste dry. On the other hand, if there's too much milk and not enough flour, a cake will taste too wet. Finding the right balance between wet and dry ingredients is key.
Why does fruit cake last so long?
Why Do Fruitcakes Last So Long? Fruitcake is a shelf-stable food unlike any other. All those dry ingredients don't give microorganisms enough moisture to reproduce, as Ben Chapman, a food safety specialist at North Carolina State University, explained in 2014. That keeps bacteria from developing on the cake.
Why is my fruit cake dry?
Often, over-baking a fruit cake is the cause of dry fruit cakes. A fruit cake must be baked at the right temperature. The too-high oven temperature will dry the cake. Follow the recipe closely, including baking times.
You might be interested: How to make homemade pound cake
Why is my carrot cake dry?
One of the major reasons why your carrot cake is crumbly is the gluten content of your batter. Adding shredded carrots, nuts, raisins, and other ingredients to the batter affects the gluten that holds your carrot cake together. Gluten is a complex protein that affects the texture of dough.
What makes a cake light and fluffy?
Can I wrap Christmas cake in cling film?
Yes. For best results, wrap it well with cling film, then put it in a Ziplock bag or wrap it again with foil and store it in the freezer (usually for up to 6 months, though this dependes on the temperature of your freezer).
Why does my fruit cake crumble when cut?
Sugar attracts the moisture in the recipe, drawing it away from the flour and preventing the formation of gluten. However if too much sugar is present, the cake is so tenderised that gluten is unable to maintain the volume of the cake and it begins to crumble when cut.
How long does homemade fruit cake last?
two to three months
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How to make devil's food cake
Where can i buy cake pops near me


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Indian Navy SSB Interview Procedure
Many defense aspirants dream of being an Indian Navy officer or army officer or Air Force officer. There are several aspects that a candidate needs to focus while attending SSB Interview as one has to cross this barrier of selection to get recruited in defense services. So as to be selected in Indian defense services overall development of personality, knowledge and body is required. Candidate need to brush up his knowledge and bring him officer like qualities, in short one need to adapt an environment of defense services, discipline and attitude to get in SSB Interview. First step is to apply through exams like National defense academy (NDA) or combined defense service examination (CDSE) or Air Force Common Admission Test (AFCAT).
Second method is to apply various army, navy or air force courses and get admission through academic records after graduation through which a candidate needs to go for SSB Interview. SSB Interview is conducted as test in which there are different stages that candidate have to crack. It's a complete procedure of 5 days and they are mentioned as below:
The very first day of selection is the stage-1, where the candidate faces picture perception and description test and intelligence test for the analyzing of aptitude level of candidate. The tests that are carried out are as follows:
- Picture Perception and description test
- Intelligence Test
- Analyzing the Picture
- Candidates need to focus on the vital points like facts, characters, moods in the image, Gender and their age. Keen observation is required when pictures are shown to aspirants for writing a brief story.
The second day of selection is based upon the selections that had happened before in the previous round of selection i.e. stage-1. Those candidates need to focus on the next stages that they will face for test like:
- Thematic Apperception Test
- Word Association Test
- Situation Reaction Test
- Self-Description Test
These tests are conducted to know that how much attention does candidate pay while observing and their sense of judging things and situations.
This is the stage from where the complete procedure of performing in a group is carried on that is known as GTO Round-1. In this stage candidates need to face several tasks like:
- Group Discussion
- Group Planning Exercise
- Progressive Group task.
- Group Obstacle Race
- Half Group Task
This is the stage-4 that is carried out after candidate clears their third round of interview which was carried on day-3 and in this stage the tasks carried are:
- Individual Obstacles
- Command tasks
- Final Group Tasks
This round is last and final in which the candidates complete all the tough modes of task and last round in which conference is held where interview officer panel interview candidate i.e. personal interview is carried out on day-5 just normal round of questioning.
Once these all days are cleared candidate got hired as per his scoring in per round from day-1 to day-5.


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- About HomelessnessHomelessness 101TopicsTeacher ResourcesGallery
- Doing Research
- Community ProfilesOntario
- SolutionsPreventionEnding HomelessnessAccommodations & SupportsSystems Integration
- About Us
The Canadian Observatory on Homelessness is the largest national research institute devoted to homelessness in Canada. The COH is the curator of the Homeless Hub.
- SearchAbout HomelessnessDoing ResearchCommunity ProfilesSolutionsAbout Us
We can end homelessness in Canada, if we want to.
Housing solves homelessness; a simple answer to a complex problem, but no less true for its simplicity. Yet, questions still remain. How do we get someone into housing? What kinds of supports are needed? How do we engage newly housed people in meaningful activities? What issues do people from specific populations face? These questions and more are explored in our Solutions section.


Writing Applications
Writing an application that can be run as a client within the application-manager is not that much different from writing a stand-alone QML application. It basically boils down to three additional tasks:
 1. If you write a QML application, make the root element of your QML scene an ApplicationManagerWindow (or derive your own custom root item from it).
 2. Provide a valid info.yaml file.
 3. Make the application-manager aware of your application by running appman --recreate-database.
The Root Element
It is recommended to use either an ApplicationManagerWindow or a QtObject as the root of your QML application. This is especially important, if you expect similar behavior in singleand multi-process mode. If a QtObject is used, visible base elements should still be ApplicationManagerWindows. Nevertheless other root elements are supported for convenience, as well. Here are a few things to consider:
 - Only ApplicationManagerWindows support window properties that are shared between the System-UI and the client applications.
 - In multi-porcess mode Window root elements will get a decoration (unless QT_WAYLAND_DISABLE_WINDOWDECORATION is set) and will be invisible by default. QQuick Items will be wrapped inside a Window representing a Wayland client window.
 - In single-process mode Window root elements will appear parallel to instead of inside the System-UI.
The Manifest and Updating the Database
The Manifest Definition documentation has all the information to produce a minimal info.yaml file that should get you going.
Recursively finding and parsing info.yaml files for potentially hundreds of applications can be a very time consuming task and would severely slow down application-manager's startup. Therefore, all manifest files are cached in a binary database. In order to make changes to an info.yaml file known to the application-manager, you have to force a rebuild of this database by calling appman --recreate-database.
Note: Dynamically adding/updating/removing single applications is supported via the ApplicationInstaller interface.
Qmake Integration
To install applications into a system-ui using the Installer Sub-System, the application first needs to be packaged. This can be done using the Packager utility. To better integrate the packaging into your usual developer workflow you can also use the qmake integration provided by the application-manager.
The integration will add an additional package target to the Makefile. By calling make package on the command line or adding it as an additional build step in QtCreator a new application package gets created.
Simple QML Apps
For simple QML only apps, just create a qmake project file which defines an install step for all the needed files. The actual install location doesn't matter in this case, because it will just be used as a temporary path during package creation.
FILES += info.yaml \
 icon.png \
app.files = $$FILES
app.path = /apps/com.example.application
In addition add the following two lines to provide the install location to the packaging step and to load the actual qmake integration.
AM_PACKAGE_DIR = $$app.path
Complex Apps
For more complex apps, where you need to deploy a C++ based QML plugin in addition to your QML content, you need to split your app into multiple folders and project files. One folder for the QML part, another one for the C++ plugin and a SUBDIRS project to glue them together.
The packaging integration will be done in the SUBDIRS project and expects that the other project files provide install targets to a shared install location. E.g the QML part installs it's files to '/apps/com.example.application', while the C++ plugin will install to '/apps/com.example.application/imports/com/example/application'.
In the SUBDIRS project you need to define the AM_MANIFEST variable and set it to the location of your info.yaml file as well as define the shared install location as AM_PACKAGE_DIR:
AM_MANIFEST = $$PWD/app/info.yaml
AM_PACKAGE_DIR = /apps/com.example.application
Packaging multiple apps
If your repository provides multiple apps, like the Qt Auto Extra Apps Repository, you can use the am-package qmake feature to provide a repository wide package step.
Just add a ".qmake.conf" file with the following content to your repository, which gets automatically loaded by qmake:
CONFIG += am-package


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Build Your NMC CBT Study
Hey there! So, you're all set to take the NMC CBT exam, huh? That's awesome! Just wanted to let you know how important this preparation journey is for you as a nurse or midwife looking to practice in the UK. Nailing this exam shows how skilled you are and opens up some fantastic career opportunities in the healthcare field.Thank you for reading this post, don't forget to subscribe!
The great thing about this preparation is that it's not just about cramming facts and figures. Our priority is your ability to provide exceptional patient care. Once you've aced this exam, you'll be ready to deliver fantastic healthcare services in line with UK standards and regulations.
NMC CBT Study Plan
Step 1: Assess Your Current Knowledge
Before preparing, take a diagnostic test to identify your strengths and weaknesses. Understanding your areas of improvement will guide your study plan.
Step 2: Gather Study Materials
Equip yourself with high-quality study materials, including textbooks, online resources, and practice questions. Choose reputable sources that align with the NMC CBT syllabus.
Step 3: Set Specific Goals
Establish clear and achievable goals for each study session. Breaking down your preparation into manageable milestones ensures steady progress.
Step 4: Divide Your Study Time
Allocate dedicated study blocks for each subject or module. This balanced approach allows you to cover all essential topics within time.
Step 5: Daily Study Sessions
Consistency is key to success. Plan daily study sessions of 2-3 hours, with short breaks to maintain focus and avoid burnout.
Step 6: Create a Study Environment
Designate a quiet and comfortable study space to enhance productivity and retention.
Step 7: Subject-Wise Preparation
7.1. Listening Module
Master the Listening module by familiarizing yourself with various accents and note-taking techniques. Practice with multiple listening tests.
7.2. Reading Module
Enhance reading speed and comprehension with diverse texts. Practice answering questions based on different reading materials.
7.3. Writing Module
Excel in the Writing module by learning effective essay and report structuring. Regularly practice writing on various topics.
7.4. Speaking Module
Build fluency and confidence in the Speaking module. Engage in regular speaking practice with friends or language partners.
Step 8: Weekly Reviews
Conduct weekly reviews to track progress. Identify weak points and focus on targeted revision.
Step 9: Full-Length Practice Tests
Simulate actual exam conditions with full-length practice tests. Build stamina and familiarize yourself with the test format.
Step 10: Revision and Final Preparations
In the final weeks, concentrate on revision: review notes, practice questions, and key concepts to boost confidence.
To help you stay organized and focused, we've designed an eight-week timetable that covers all essential study areas. Follow this schedule diligently, and you'll be well-prepared to ace the NMC CBT exam confidently.
Week 1: Orientation and Diagnostic Test
- Familiarize yourself with the NMC CBT exam format and syllabus.
- Consider taking a diagnostic test to evaluate your understanding and identify areas for improvement.
- Gather study materials and resources.
Week 2: Listening Module
- Begin with the Listening module. Practice different question types.
- Engage in listening exercises to improve your comprehension skills.
- Solve practice tests to sharpen your ability to extract essential information from audio recordings.
Week 3: Reading Module
- Focus on the Reading module. Work on improving reading speed and comprehension.
- Practice answering various reading questions, including multiple-choice, true/false/not given, and short answer questions.
- Read various texts to broaden your vocabulary and understanding of different topics.
Week 4: Writing Module
- Master the Writing module. Learn how to structure essays and reports effectively.
- Practice writing articles on diverse topics, and seek feedback to enhance your writing skills.
- Work on time management to complete both tasks within the allocated time.
Week 5: Speaking Module
- Concentrate on the Speaking module. Practice speaking fluently on various topics.
- Engage in mock interviews with friends or language partners to build confidence.
- Record yourself answering common speaking topics for self-assessment and improvement.
Week 6: Full-Length Practice Test
- Take your first full-length practice test to simulate actual exam conditions.
- Evaluate your performance, and identify areas that need more attention.
- Analyze your mistakes and learn from them.
Week 7: Subject-Wise Revision
- Focus on the targeted revision of weak areas in each module.
- Review notes, practice questions, and critical concepts.
- Engage in additional practice tests to reinforce your understanding.
Week 8: Final Preparations
- Take another full-length practice test to gauge your progress.
- Finalize your preparations and build confidence in your abilities.
- Prioritize self-care and relaxation to stay calm and focused on the exam day.
Exam Day: Good Luck!
- Stay positive and confident during the exam.
- Read and follow instructions carefully.
- Trust in your preparation, and give it your best effort.
Remember, consistency and dedication throughout these eight weeks are vital for success. Maintain a healthy study routine, take breaks when needed, and seek support from friends or study groups. With this well-structured timetable, you'll be ready to showcase your knowledge and skills in the NMC CBT exam. Best of luck on your journey to becoming a qualified nurse or midwife in the UK!