AWS Cognito Notes
I'm convinced at this point that AWS has some sort of internal rule that their documentation should be intentionally vague and never include any actual code samples. The goal here is to provide a more clear overview of how Cognito actually works, and provide actual detailed code examples for receiving and exchanging tokens.
We will not be using Amplify here.
Hosted UI Flow
When the user is signing in you can either have them use a custom form that is linked to Cognito on the back end using the Cognito SDK, or you can use the hosted UI, where the registration, login, password reset forms are all handled for you. We will look at the process of using the hosted UI here.
there is actually a third option where you can use Amplify prebuilt components but we aren't using Amplify as it limits flexibility
Let us start with the user signing in using the hosted UI.
cognito hosted ui
user pool authentication diagram
The user submits their email and password to the User Pool, which then authenticates the user and sends back a token.
Response Token from User Pool
📘 AWS Cognito: Handling User Pool Tokens
The User Pool will return to us a token which will be in one of two possible formats
 - token Code
 - Implicit Grant token
The response type is chosen by you in your User Pool settings. You can also enable both methods and then specify which one you want to use by changing the URL of the hosted UI.
The token will be inserted into the URL as a query parameter when you are redirected after a successful user authentication with the User Pool. See just below for examples.
Code Token
Here is an example of a Code Token returned in a URL after using the hosted UI.
This code must be exchanged with Cognito via the SDK to receive further information about the user.
The Code Grant method is the preferred method as it is much more secure. It does not pass any JWT Tokens directly to the client, potentially exposing them.
Implicit Grant JWT Token
Here is an example of an implicit grant JWT Token returned in the url.
Format sample from documentation:
actual returned token:
This is a full JWT token which contains a header, payload and signature. Specifically this is a Cognito ID Token, as opposed to an Access Token or Refresh Token. It is encoded with the RS256 algorithm, however it can be easily decoded using to see what information is contained inside. decoding
So as we can see, this information is not secure if it is intercepted.
If you are going to use the implicit grant method and get the full token back immediately, you must verify the signature of the token to ensure that it was actually issued from Cognito. This is a potential avenue of attack otherwise.
Therefore let us move forward taking the best practice approach, and work only with the code grant method.
Exchanging Code Token
At this point we have received a Code Token from the User Pool. This code, as shown above, is completely useless to us until we exchange it for useful information. But the user has been authenticated and a timed session has been started for this user. Cognito is ready for us to send this code back with a further request for more information.
Note that in a lot of the documentation this Code is referred to as a Token. This is not to be confused with a full JWT Token, which is a full encrypted JSON object. However in an attempt to simplify their documentation AWS will often not specify which of the two methods they are referring to, and will refer to both as simply Token or JWT Token.
So how do we exchange this code for useful information like getting the users profile information?
There are several tools available for this. If you are using Amplify you would use the commands built into the Amplify SDK. We are doing this without Amplify. That means that we will be using the AWS Javascript SDK methods to retrieve our user profile.
Review the following links before continuing.
📘 AWS Cognito API: GetUser
📘 Javascript SDK v3: GetUser
exchanging code token diagram
So we can see that we need to use the Code Token that we got as a parameter in our request, and then use the getUser method to retrieve our user profile information. So we need to follow these steps:
 - scaffold getUser request
 - extract code from URL
 - put code into getUser request parameters
 - send getUser request
 - handle response
Let's walk through all of that now.


text:
Regardless of the beach, there are particular times that are better than others for finding truly unique shells. After a storm, collectors may find spectacular shells, as the shells are pulled from their ocean floor fossil beds and washed ashore. Additionally, during anew moon or a full moon, the rise and fall of the tides increases, producing more shells on the beach. Don't forget to search through seaweed found on the beach—often shells are entangled in the seaweed, and small but perfect shell specimens can be found.
Most of the shells found on the beach are fairly young. Occasionally, though, an older ecto-skelton from the late Pleistocene era may be found on the shore—approximately 10,000 years old. How can you determine the age of your treasure? Color is a key factor—a dark gray shade may indicate a rare or old specimen. A true treasure you may find during your shell searching is the lettered olive shell. This shiny little shell resembles an olive and was first documented by Edmund Ravenel, a 19th century naturalist who donated a collection of shells to the Charleston Museum that is still on exhibit today. If you find this shell, you'll have a special
memento —the lettered olive is also the state's official shell.
how to preserve sea shells
Shells found on the beach need to be thoroughly examined to ensure there is no creature living within. If the shell is empty, soak the shell for several days in a solution of half water and half bleach. Rinse well with fresh water and dry the shell in the sun. If algae is present, it can be removed by gently rubbing the shell in fresh water after bleaching. To add more luster to your shell, polish the shell with mineral oil. Sand dollars can be preserved by placing them in fresh water. The water may turn brownish in color— change the water until the water remains clear. Replace half the water with bleach and leave the sand dollar immersed for 15 minutes to bleach the sand dollar white. Do not use too much bleach or leave in the solution for too long, as the bleach will cause the sand dollar to crumble. Rinse the sand dollar well with fresh water to remove the bleach, and allow it to dry in the sun. If your collection includes sea horses or sea stars, you'll need to carefully preserve them, as their odor can become quite foul. Soak the sea horse or sea star in 70-percent rubbing alcohol for one or two nights. Allow to dry on a paper towel in the sun. With sea stars, you'll need to flatten the arms with a small weight while drying or they may curl.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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For such a small piece of jewelry, rings have an impressive ability to be subtle or standout works of art.
Elements Of Rings Styles & Settings
portrait Mary Nevill with rings
A portrait of Mary Nevill and her son Gregory Fiennes, the Baron Dacre, by Hans Eworth (1559).
Rings are made in a variety of different precious metals. Although silver is now common and affordable, it was once coveted as much as gold. Fine gemstones are rarely set in silver today, but until about four hundred years ago, it was frequently used to create crowns, scepters, and other royal regalia. With its silky glow, silver–and even slightly tarnished silver–can flatter many gemstones.
Mary Nevill's ring closeup
A close up of Mary Nevill's gold and gemstone rings.
Yellow gold and rose gold are frequently used to mount gemstones. Both of these gold alloys can emphasize any yellowish color in a gemstone. White gold is often used as an affordable alternative to platinum and its aesthetic advantages in complementing gemstones are similar. Jewelers are continually experimenting with new gold alloys, including green and blue gold—which are nice companions for many gemstones.
Of the metals regularly used in jewelry, platinum is the most valuable. Most fine gemstones look magnificent in a platinum setting, which makes blue and green colors look cool, and yellow and red colors look crisp and highly saturated. Palladium is also good alternative for platinum or white gold, as it is significantly less expensive.
ring diagram to show setting
A diagram of a ring highlighting the crown and shank.
Rings have two basic parts: the shank (or band) and the head (or crown). Most rings have a single band of metal for the shank. However, the shank of the ring can take several different forms. Most rings have what is called a straight shank, a single band with an even width around the finger. If the band of the shank does not have an even width all around the finger, but instead gets wider at the head or the base of the ring, it is considered a tapered shank.
sapphire ring with tapered shank
A light blue sapphire ring with a tapered shank.
Split shank rings have two separate bands of metal supporting the head or crown of the ring. The finger may show through the separate bands of metal. The purpose behind this style is to create comfort for the wearer when supporting a large gemstone or central element since it is a nice alternative to an excessively wide band.
pink sapphire ring with split shank setting
A pink sapphire and diamond ring with a split shank setting.
Rings with split shanks are also less likely to turn on the wearer's finger. The ring may still be easily sized to fit because the base of the ring is usually composed of a single band of metal. A single split is the most common, but rings can also have double split shanks or triple split shanks as well. Most split shank rings have a tapered design, which makes them slightly more difficult to wear with other rings.
Many band rings, especially those designed for men, have what is called a comfort fit. The inside of these rings are contoured to the finger. The ring's edges are finished to a smooth curve so that the ring is comfortable to wear for long periods of time.
Jewelry makers have considerable latitude in the design of the head or crown of women's rings. Contemporary men's rings often feature bold geometry and clean, crisp lines, although some men are beginning to experiment with more elaborate designs as well. Below is a selection of popular ring styles:
diamond eternity band in rose gold
A diamond pave band in rose gold.
Band Rings
The band ring is one of the oldest and simplest designs for a ring. Popular setting techniques for band rings include channel setting, bezel settings, and pave settings.
yellow sapphire solitaire setting
A yellow sapphire solitaire ring.
Solitaire Rings
Like the band ring, the solitaire is a simple, classical style. While the band ring emphasizes metal or closely set small stones, the solitaire is meant to exhibit a single central stone of superb quality. In its purest form, the solitaire ring consists of a plain band supporting a prong set center stone. In some contemporary solitaire rings the central stone is bezel set, which serves to increase the apparent size of the stone. Another modern variation is the striking tension set ring, where the stone seems to float in midair.
purple sapphire three stone ring
A purple sapphire and diamond three-stone ring.
Three-Stone Rings
The three-stone ring is a popular favorite. In a three-stone ring, two well-matched accent stones flank a center stone, which may be any durable gemstone including diamonds, emeralds, sapphires, or rubies.
cluster ring setting
A cluster ring of semiprecious gemstones set in gold.
Cluster Rings
Instead of a single centerpiece stone, cluster rings feature groupings of smaller stones, arranged in an artful pattern. Cluster rings can be set with multiples of a single type of gemstone or with an assortment of stones. Cluster rings often mix stones of different shapes, including rounds, ovals, pears, and marquises. Using smaller stones in clusters makes a generous display of gems more affordable, since several small stones will cost less than a large single stone.
Cartier ruby bombe ring
A ruby and diamond bombe ring by Cartier.
Bombé Rings
The bombé ring is a variant of the cluster ring, featuring a dome of small, closely set stones, with or without a prominent center stone. The style was popular during the 1920s and 1930s, and reemerged during the 1980s. Bombé rings garner lots of attention, especially when set with dazzling gemstones.
emerald and diamond cocktail ring
An emerald and diamond cocktail ring set in platinum.
Dinner or Cocktail Rings
A dinner ring or cocktail ring is a large oversized ring, set with precious or semiprecious gemstones. Cocktail rings became popular during the 1940s and 1950s. They are generally worn by women and placed on the fourth finger of the right hand. For this reason they are sometimes known as Right Hand Rings.
stacking diamond rings
A set of stacking diamond and rose gold rings.
Stack Rings
Whether worn alone or in multiples, stackable rings look good on both men and women. Although many believe this is a modern trend, both men and women in ancient Rome wore many rings stacked on a single finger.
Stack rings have the additional advantage in that they can be purchased to celebrate or commemorate any number of special occasions: a birthday, a graduation, a promotion or new job for example. Gemstone stack rings make perfect "mother's rings" when each band features the birthstone of a different child.
silver signet ring
A silver signet ring from 15th-16th century Iran.
Signet Rings
Signet rings were some of the first ancient rings. Signet rings contain a carved seal of metal or an inscribed stone, which would be pressed into melted wax to seal a document. Because signet rings were also used to prove the identity or authority of their bearer, these rings have also been used as symbols of power. Signet rings are also souvenirs or symbols of membership, as in a class ring or professional ring.
With so many styles of rings available, next learn about Famous Rings | A Selection of Rings from History.
learn more:


text:
A Method for Evaluating the Quality of Financial Decision Making, with an Application to Financial Education
NBER Working Paper No. 20618
We introduce a method for measuring the quality of financial decisions built around a notion of financial competence, which gauges the alignment between consumers choices and those they would make if they properly understood their opportunities. We prove our measure admits a formal welfare interpretation even when consumers suffer from additional decision-making flaws, known and unknown, outside the scope of analysis. An application illuminates the pitfalls of the types of brief rhetoric-laden interventions commonly used for adult financial education: they affect behavior through unintended mechanisms, and hence may not improve decisions even when they perform well according to conventional metrics.
Document Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3386/w20618
Users who downloaded this paper also downloaded* these:

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
My Community, My Neighborhood
Geographic focus: India / Calcutta
Date completed: 2002
Neighborhoods must be organized with care if they are to urbanize smoothly. Sourjya Mukherjee, a student from Calcutta, India, created a land use map of her neighborhood and described threats to standards of living there (garbage in the streets, flooding due to drains being clogged, open drains that breed mosquitoes, lack of a library or clean playground, etc). Sourjya proposed several solutions to these problems, including stricter enforcement of laws, public awareness campaigns, and better cooperation among neighbors.
Topics / keywords: Urbanization; Neighborhood Planning


text:
Title: Scientific Discourse
Subtitle: Multiliteracy in the Classroom
Publisher: Continuum International Publishing Group Ltd
Author: David Ian Hanauer, Indiana University of Pennsylvania
Hardback: ISBN: _PHONE_ Pages: 256 Price: U.K. £ 75.00
This book examines the nature of scientific inquiry in the primary school classroom to show how this interacts with early literacy. Through an examination of the texts used and produced by pupils studying science the author shows how what is at work in this context of scientific discourse is actually multiliteracy. The teacher aids the pupils' learning using different forms of literacy spread across the spoken word, written text, visual text and physical action. The result of this diverse approach is a growth not only in scientific knowledge, but basic literacy.
The book provides a theoretical introduction to developmental literacy theory, current positions of science education and advanced theories of multiliteracy and genre theory. The new theory of scientific discourse presented in this book will be of interest to researchers of applied linguistics, discourse analysis and education.


Erlang logo
User's Guide
Efficiency Guide
User's Guide
Version 5.9.1
Expand All
Contract All
6 Functions
6.1 Pattern matching
Pattern matching in function head and in case and receive clauses are optimized by the compiler. With a few exceptions, there is nothing to gain by rearranging clauses.
One exception is pattern matching of binaries. The compiler will not rearrange clauses that match binaries. Placing the clause that matches against the empty binary last will usually be slightly faster than placing it first.
Here is a rather contrived example to show another exception:
atom_map1(one) -> 1;
atom_map1(two) -> 2;
atom_map1(three) -> 3;
atom_map1(Int) when is_integer(Int) -> Int;
atom_map1(four) -> 4;
atom_map1(five) -> 5;
atom_map1(six) -> 6.
The problem is the clause with the variable Int. Since a variable can match anything, including the atoms four, five, and six that the following clauses also will match, the compiler must generate sub-optimal code that will execute as follows:
First the input value is compared to one, two, and three (using a single instruction that does a binary search; thus, quite efficient even if there are many values) to select which one of the first three clauses to execute (if any).
If none of the first three clauses matched, the fourth clause will match since a variable always matches. If the guard test is_integer(Int) succeeds, the fourth clause will be executed.
If the guard test failed, the input value is compared to four, five, and six, and the appropriate clause is selected. (There will be a function_clause exception if none of the values matched.)
Rewriting to either
atom_map2(one) -> 1;
atom_map2(two) -> 2;
atom_map2(three) -> 3;
atom_map2(four) -> 4;
atom_map2(five) -> 5;
atom_map2(six) -> 6;
atom_map2(Int) when is_integer(Int) -> Int.
atom_map3(Int) when is_integer(Int) -> Int;
atom_map3(one) -> 1;
atom_map3(two) -> 2;
atom_map3(three) -> 3;
atom_map3(four) -> 4;
atom_map3(five) -> 5;
atom_map3(six) -> 6.
will give slightly more efficient matching code.
Here is a less contrived example:
map_pairs1(_Map, [], Ys) ->
map_pairs1(_Map, Xs, [] ) ->
map_pairs1(Map, [X|Xs], [Y|Ys]) ->
 [Map(X, Y)|map_pairs1(Map, Xs, Ys)].
The first argument is not a problem. It is variable, but it is a variable in all clauses. The problem is the variable in the second argument, Xs, in the middle clause. Because the variable can match anything, the compiler is not allowed to rearrange the clauses, but must generate code that matches them in the order written.
If the function is rewritten like this
map_pairs2(_Map, [], Ys) ->
map_pairs2(_Map, [_|_]=Xs, [] ) ->
 [Map(X, Y)|map_pairs2(Map, Xs, Ys)].
the compiler is free to rearrange the clauses. It will generate code similar to this
DO NOT (already done by the compiler)
explicit_map_pairs(Map, Xs0, Ys0) ->
 case Xs0 of
 [X|Xs] ->
 case Ys0 of
 [Y|Ys] ->
 [Map(X, Y)|explicit_map_pairs(Map, Xs, Ys)];
 [] ->
 [] ->
which should be slightly faster for presumably the most common case that the input lists are not empty or very short. (Another advantage is that Dialyzer is able to deduce a better type for the variable Xs.)
6.2 Function Calls
Here is an intentionally rough guide to the relative costs of different kinds of calls. It is based on benchmark figures run on Solaris/Sparc:
 - Calls to local or external functions (foo(), m:foo()) are the fastest kind of calls.
 - Calling or applying a fun (Fun(), apply(Fun, [])) is about three times as expensive as calling a local function.
 - Applying an exported function (Mod:Name(), apply(Mod, Name, [])) is about twice as expensive as calling a fun, or about six times as expensive as calling a local function.
Notes and implementation details
Calling and applying a fun does not involve any hash-table lookup. A fun contains an (indirect) pointer to the function that implements the fun.
Tuples are not fun(s). A "tuple fun", {Module,Function}, is not a fun. The cost for calling a "tuple fun" is similar to that of apply/3 or worse. Using "tuple funs" is strongly discouraged, as they may not be supported in a future release, and because there exists a superior alternative since the R10B release, namely the fun Module:Function/Arity syntax.
apply/3 must look up the code for the function to execute in a hash table. Therefore, it will always be slower than a direct call or a fun call.
It no longer matters (from a performance point of view) whether you write
Module:Function(Arg1, Arg2)
apply(Module, Function, [Arg1,Arg2])
(The compiler internally rewrites the latter code into the former.)
The following code
apply(Module, Function, Arguments)
is slightly slower because the shape of the list of arguments is not known at compile time.
6.3 Memory usage in recursion
When writing recursive functions it is preferable to make them tail-recursive so that they can execute in constant memory space.
list_length(List) ->
 list_length(List, 0).
list_length([], AccLen) ->
 AccLen; % Base case
list_length([_|Tail], AccLen) ->
 list_length(Tail, AccLen + 1). % Tail-recursive
list_length([]) ->
 0. % Base case
list_length([_ | Tail]) ->
 list_length(Tail) + 1. % Not tail-recursive


Toner Gum Transfer with B.I.G. Ground
In this experiment, we aim to develop a method of transferring a toner-printed image onto a copper plate to act as a resist in the etch. The process was first tested by Andrew Baldwin, and involves wetting a toner image with gum arabic, rolling on a coating of B.I.G hard ground, and wiping off excess ground with a damp sponge. The wet ground should stick to the printer toner, and remain in all but the white areas of the paper. This treated image is then run through the press facing the copper plate in order to transfer the B.I.G. onto the copper. The plate is baked, allowed to sit and cure, and etched in ferric chloride. The B.I.G. should act as an aquatint to achieve tone, and the white areas will open-bite. We hope that with some refinement, this technique will render a printed image that is as true as possible to the tone and detail of the original image. For these tests, we printed our source images on a Brother laser printer model number HL- 2280DW. In most tests we used the printer on its default settings, but we did utilize the photocopy setting and another special setting for the Pronto Plates, as explained in the following tests.
Research Project Tests


text:
Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
|Country of origin|
|United Kingdom (England)|
|Breed standards (external links)|
|FCI, AKC, ANKC, KC(UK), NZKC|
The Sealyham Terrier is a dog breed, one of many Terrier breeds. The Sealyham Terrier originates from England and was bred by crossing Basset Hounds, Bull Terriers, the Fox Terrier, the West Highland White Terrier, and the Dandie Dinmont Terrier.
The breed is usually coloured white, possibly with badger marking on the head. They grow up to 30cm with a weight of up to 9 kg.
The Sealyham Terrier is an intelligent and charming dog.
The contents of this article is licensed from _URL_ under the GNU Free Documentation License. Click here to see the transparent copy and copyright details


text:
microSignet utilizes the internal physical characteristics of semiconductor memories, to establish a 'fingerprint' which uniquely identifies a given piece of hardware, such as a smartphone or desktop computer, that can be used for device authentication, or to bind valuable content to a particular device.
microSignet addresses cumbersome online banking identity verification processes by being a non-reproducible hardware solution
microSignet protects internet distributed multimedia content by using the unique identification of the hardware components that process and store high value content
microSignet can bind applications or data to a physical hardware component
The technology allows naturally occurring variances introduced in the semiconductor fabrication process to be used as a "fingerprint" unique to each integrated circuit. As some of these variances are transient, these "fingerprints" cannot be copied. So, every device in a system becomes part of rights management and data security.
System and Method for Managing Information Stored in Semiconductors


Bypass MFA
How to bypass MFA for users when they are within the corporate network or on a managed device.
MFA is optional but strongly recommended for organizations. Under certain conditions, organizations may choose to bypass the default multi-factor authentication behavior. Akamai provides customers with configuration options that allows an administrator to bypass its MFA capabilities in the following circumstances:
Use bypass MFA only if you understand the risks and agree to assume responsibility for them.
Bypass MFA only applies to MFA factors like SMS, Email, TOTP, DUO and does not apply to certificate-based authentication of IdP. Bypass MFA cannot be used with PCI DSS MFA.
The workflow is:
STEP 1: If you've configured an MFA policy in Akamai identity provider (IdP), then also add one or multiple bypass MFA criteria in the IdP. By default, the bypass MFA criteria will apply to all applications using this IdP.
STEP 2: Use the identity provider as the authentication source for the application you want to bypass MFA. Assign the directory the user belongs to this identity provider.
STEP 3: When the user accesses the application or the identity provider, and the bypass criteria is met, MFA is not prompted for the user. If any of the bypass MFA criteria is not met, the user is prompted for MFA.


Kenaf plants may hold the secret to reduced biomass conversion costs.
[The group determined that kenaf has an enzyme (and therefore a gene) necessary to make a modified lignin building block that may allow Ã'zipsÃ" to be engineered into the lignin polymer. Unzipping the lignin by simple pretreatments would significant lower pretreatment costs. (Lignin is the polymer Ã'glueÃ" that holds fibers together in the plant cell wall, and is therefore responsible for much of the recalcitrance to efficient processing)]
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What happens in liver when large amount of fructose is consumed?
I vaguely remember my biochemistry lecturer telling us that the enzymes that process fructose in the liver does not have negative feedback to control the rate of reaction. But I cannot find a reliable source. How is it regulated if it is?
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1 Answer 1
up vote 5 down vote accepted
The main reaction of fructose in liver is phosphorylation, catalyzed by ketohexokinase (UniProt P50053). In one paper with rats it was shown that fructose load can deplete the liver of nucleotide triphosphates (ATP, GTP) although ADP and GDP are inhibitors of the enzyme. This shows there is no effective regulation.
M. I. Phillips, D. R. Davies: The mechanism of guanosine triphosphate depletion in the liver after a fructose load. The role of fructokinase. In: The Biochemical journal. Vol 228, Nr 3, Jun 1985, p. 667–671, {{ISSN|0264-6021}}. PMID _PHONE_. PMC _PHONE_.
share|improve this answer
great answer. thanks. It sounds like an important result, but the paper has only been cited 8 times according to google scholar. I wonder why. – Memming Jul 15 '12 at 15:16
I think it's because most of the work was done with cow's enzyme. Human's enzyme was characterized but no inhibition studies are available for that. – rwst Jul 16 '12 at 7:46
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text:
Free LSAT Practice
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June 2011 LSAT
Counselor: Hagerle sincerely apologized to the physician for lying to her. So Hagerle owes me a sincere apology as we...
on November 2, 2015
Can you please explain why E is wrong.
on November 17, 2015
This is a principle question that asks us to identify, from the available answer choices, a principle that would strengthen the conclusion in the stimulus. So let's first be sure that we understand the stimulus correctly.
In the stimulus, the counselor concludes that Hagerle owes him a sincere apology. There are two premises given in support of this conclusion:
Premise: Hagerle sincerely apologized to the physician for lying to her.
Premise: Hagerle told me (the counselor) the same lie.
As you can see, neither of those premises is enough to support the counselor's conclusion that Hagerle owes him a sincere apology, too.
Now let's examine each of the possible answer choices and evaluate whether one of them would, in fact, justify the conclusion.
Answer choice (A) doesn't go far enough. Just because it's "good" to apologize for having done something wrong to a person if one is capable of doing so sincerely does not necessarily mean that Hagerle "owes" the counselor an apology.
Answer choice (B) is also insufficient to justify the conclusion. We do not know that BOTH the counselor and the physician were, in fact, owed an apology.
Answer choice (C), if added to the stimulus, would in fact justify the conclusion of the stimulus. If it is true that someone is owed a sincere apology for having been lied to by a person if someone else (here, the physician) has already received a sincere apology for the same lie from that same person, then the conclusion in the stimulus is justified.
Answer choice (D) can be eliminated because capability alone does not justify the counselor's conclusion that he is also owed an apology. Put differently, if (D) alone were enough, then it wouldn't matter that Hagerle had also made an apology to the physician, right?
Notice how answer choice (E) does not talk about when an apology is OWED, which is what the conclusion in the stimulus is about. Rather, answer choice (E) discusses when a person ought to apologize ("should"). That's not the same thing.
Hope this helps! Please let us know if you have any additional questions.
Posting to the forum is only allowed for members with active accounts.


Knowledge Base - Technical Articles
Technical Article Problem: Polygons are divided in tiny strips when exported to EPS, PDF, SVG, or AI Illustrator
Article ID: 29950
Bug Id: N/A
Software: ArcGIS - ArcEditor 9.0, 9.1, 9.2 ArcGIS - ArcInfo 9.0, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3 ArcGIS - ArcView 9.0, 9.1, 9.2 ArcGIS Engine Runtime 9.0, 9.0.1, 9.1, 9.2 ArcGIS Server 9.0, 9.0.1
Platforms: Windows NT 4.0, 2000, XP
When opened in an external editor like Adobe Illustrator,.EPS,.PDF,.SVG, or.AI export files display some large polygons divided into separate pieces.
For example: This map contains a polygon with a large number of vertices. This screenshot shows the polygon selected in ArcMap: -show me-
[O-image] ArcMap Polygon Dicing Selection Screenshot
Selecting the same polygon in the resultant.AI file exported from ArcMap and displayed in Adobe Illustrator shows that the polygon has been split into smaller pieces: -show me-
[O-image] Adobe Illustrator polygon dicing screenshot
This is called polygon dicing, and it occurs when drawing or exporting polygons that have more vertices than a certain threshold. For.PDF,.EPS, and.SVG formats, the default threshold is 5,000 vertices. For the Illustrator format,.AI, the default threshold is 8,000 vertices.
The purpose of polygon dicing is to:
- Speed up on-screen drawing and
- Prevent interpretation failures when files with large polygons are opened with older software or on a machine with limited resources.
Solution or Workaround
Reduce the effect of polygon dicing by simplifying the polygon data or exporting at a lower resolution. If this is not possible or does not help, increase the vertex threshold at which polygon dicing occurs.
 These steps only apply to ArcGIS version 9.0 and later.
 The instructions below include making changes to essential parts of your operating system. It is recommended that you backup your operating system and files, including the registry, before proceeding. Consult with a qualified computer systems professional, if necessary. ESRI cannot guarantee results from incorrect modifications while following these instructions. Therefore, use caution and proceed at your own risk.
 1. Start the Windows Registry Editor by navigating to Start > Run, typing regedit and clicking OK.
 2. Expand HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\ESRI\Export and and then select the registry key 'ExportObjectsParams'.
 3. The ExportObjectsParams registry key contains a MaxVertices registry value for each of the five vector export formats:
 The number in the registry data field determines the maximum number of vertices a polygon can have before the exporter will dice the polygon into multiple parts.
 Change the value to a higher number by double-clicking the registry data icon, changing the edit window to 'decimal' mode, and entering the higher number in the text box. The changes will take effect the next time a map is exported to that format.
 To find the optimal value for your workflow, you may need to experiment. Higher limits typically cause slower display and edit times in Illustrator and Acrobat.
Related Information
Created: 11/21/2005
Last Modified: 9/10/2008
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By earthman3 - 12/13/2012 6:27 PM
The article needs to be updated.
I found that if polygons are displayed with a non-zero value of transparency in GIS they will export into these strips. Setting transparency to zero on the Display tab solves the issue. You can then apply a transparency to your polygons in Illustrator. If you have other items as a basemap, such as satellite imagery or a topographic raster (DEM or hillshade), I also recommend exporting each as separate Illustrator files (i.e. export just the polygons, just the imagery, then just the DEM/hillshade. Then rebuild these elements that you exported as separate Illustrator files into one, master Illustrator file. Using copy/paste-in-front makes layering the items in the appropriate spatial location. It's a few extra, but quick, steps that I've found to provide the desired results.


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This article examines the experience of stateless people in Thailand and how they overcome the problem of stigma. In 2020, there were 480,000 people in Thailand classified as stateless. They are individuals who migrated from neighboring countries and who settled mainly along the border with Myanmar. They are mostly members of hill tribes (such as the Akha, Lahu, Hmong, Lisu, Yao) with distinct languages and culture. They do not have Thai identification cards (IDs), which are required to access public services, including health care and higher levels of education, apply for professional jobs, and sell property.
The authors define stigma as "a negative social attitude attached to a characteristic of an individual who may be regarded as having a mental, physical, or social deficiency." The authors employ the framework integrating normative influence on stigma (FINIS), which has three layers: a microlayer focusing on individual characteristics; a mesolayer focusing on family and community contexts; and a macrolayer focusing on the stigma embedded in a larger national cultural context.
The analysis is based on data from qualitative and in-depth interviews with 51 stateless individuals living in five remote hill tribe villages along the border with Myanmar. Sixty-nine percent of the participants were female, 67 percent had no education, 57 percent were farmers, and the participants had a median monthly income of US$93.
- There are various ways in which stigma affects the lives of stateless people. They find it difficult to request assistance and assert themselves (e.g. in a healthcare setting) because they fear mistreatment or drawing attention to themselves. They experience unequal treatment and are treated more poorly than Thai citizens and other hill tribe people who have acquired Thai IDs. They feel that they have limited options for improving their lives.
- Avoidance, trying to get a Thai ID, and practicing speaking Thai are ways in which stateless people cope with stigma. The stateless population reported several approaches to handling stigma, mainly by avoidance, for example not traveling outside their village, not talking with people with whom they are not familiar and keeping track of events that could result in exposure. Trying to get a Thai ID and practicing speaking Thai were other strategies employed to cope with stigma.
- Participants expressed their single goal of obtaining a Thai ID to help them overcome problems of stigma.


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WASHABLE NANO-MEMBRANCE MASK
THE THIRD GENERATION MICRO-POROUS TECHNOLOGY is made of microporous membrane technology, with a small pore size, and uses physical principles to filter particulates in the air. The new filter membrane can be rubbed, washed and disinfected lightly, non-disposable.
High density outer layer
Washable & wrinkle-resistant
(Including non-woven backing)
Cotton skin-friendly layer
Hygroscopic, breathable and sterilizable
New material nano-microporous membrane.
Respond quickly, from taking microporous membranes to changing to nanoporous membranes for filtration.
High-filtering and low-resistance microporous membrane composite material has become a traditional melt-blown cloth as a substitute for blocking micro-it dust.
The surface has a spider web-like micropore structure, with hundreds of millions of micropores per square centimeter, and the pore size is electron microscope between 100-200 nanometers, so the surface has a good filtration function, tested according to the requirements of GB 2626-1 95%.
THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE NANO-MICRO MULTI-POROUS FIBER MEMBRANE AND OTHER FIBER FILTER MEMBRANES UNDER THE MICROSCOPE
Filtration efficiency ≥ 95%
According to GB 2626-2005 6.3 (KN95) standard requirements of the filtration efficiency
OUR PRODUCT AND COMMON PROTECTIVE PERFORMANCE MASK CHARACTERISTICS ANALYSIS


Researchers study french fry oil from fast-food chains vs. small businesses
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
Posted: Jan 21, 2010
With more Americans eating out, at least three times a week, and a lack of adequate nutritional information available to consumers, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa geobiology professor A. Hope Jahren and postdoctoral researcher Brian A. Schubert wanted to examine the oil content in a growing trend on American restaurant menus: french fries. What they found was that the majority of national chain restaurants on O'ahu served fries containing corn oil—which is higher in cholesterol-raising saturated fat than other vegetable oils such as canola, soy and safflower—as compared to small mom-and-pop restaurants.
The team found that the majority (69 percent) of the national chain restaurants served fries containing corn oil, whereas this was true for only a minority (20 percent) of the small businesses. Jahren and Schubert concluded that fries at the mom-&-pop restaurants are slightly healthier than at the big chains, thus making them a better dining choice.
Jahren and Schubert conducted their research over a year and a half by purchasing fries at 134 restaurants on the island of O'ahu and analyzing the expressed oil for carbon isotope value. Because O'ahu is geographically small, Jahren and Schubert were able to sample 68 of the 101 national chain fast food restaurants on the island, as well as a similar number of small local restaurants. Thus, they captured a profile of fast-food fries available to a population. Local restaurants sampled include Big City Diner, Rainbow's Drive Inn, Like Like Drive Inn, Kanpai Bar and Grill and South Shore Grill.
 "Surprisingly, there was such a clear difference between the amount of corn oil in fast-food chains and the local mom-and-pop restaurants," said Jahren. "Since corn oil is more expensive than other vegetable oils, we hypothesized that it would be a simple function of what was cheapest."
However, Jahren and her team discovered that to make corn oil cost-effective, it is necessary to contract ingredients on a large scale from preferred distributors, which makes sense for national chains, but not from a small business profit perspective.
Fast-food restaurants are not providing enough ingredient and nutrient content at the point of purchase. "People want to eat right, they just don't know how," noted Jahren. "Multiple studies have demonstrated that knowledge of ingredients leads to changed eating habits."
The study was not supported by any public or private agency. All participants donated their money, time, travel and expertise. Jahren and Schubert's article "Corn content of French fry oil from national chain vs. small business restaurants" is published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences at:


YOU ARE HERE: LAT HomeCollectionsMeetings
1945 Meeting of FDR and Saudi King Was Pivotal for Relations
WASHINGTON — As the United States hailed its new relationship with Saudi Arabia on Wednesday, Defense Secretary Dick Cheney took note of a little-remembered meeting that provided early stability to Washington's relations with the desert kingdom.
During his crisis meeting with King Fahd last weekend, Cheney recalled, the Saudi king had spoken of the two countries' historic relationship dating back to a meeting between his father, King Abdulaziz ibn Saud, and President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
The meeting quickly became lost in the mists of history because it took place in the immediate aftermath of the historic Yalta conference at which Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Soviet leader Josef Stalin agreed on the outlines of post-World War II Europe.
At the time, the United States and Britain were in significant disagreement over the future of the Middle East. Upon conclusion of the Yalta conference in February, 1945, Roosevelt surprised Churchill by announcing that, on his way home, he had scheduled meetings with King Saud, King Farouk of Egypt and Haile Selassie of Ethiopia.
Flying from the Crimea to Malta, Roosevelt took the cruiser Quincy to Great Bitter Lake in the Suez Canal, where it remained for three days during the meetings.
Some members of the party thought Roosevelt was mainly interested in idle diversion--"taking in the colorful panoply of sovereigns of this part of the world who thought President Roosevelt of the United States could probably solve all their troubles," wrote presidential speechwriter Robert Sherwood.
In providing local color, the Saudi warrior-king did not disappoint, slaughtering a goat for his meals on the deck of the U.S. warship.
But Roosevelt's real interest was to engage King Saud on the issue of Palestine and the underlying animosities that divide the Middle East even now.
The king bluntly warned Roosevelt even then that Arabs would take up arms rather than see an expansion of Jewish settlements.
"The President seemed not to fully comprehend what Ibn Saud was saying to him," Sherwood later recalled, "for he brought the question up two or three times more, and each time Ibn Saud was more determined than before."
Three months later, Roosevelt was dead, and it was left to his successors to deal with the partition of Palestine and the consequences the Saudi king predicted.
Los Angeles Times Articles


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Image: Shortbill Spearfish, Tetrapturus angustirostris
A Shortbill Spearfish caught on hook and line at a depth of 450 m, off Rottnest Island, Perth, 31 August 2011.
- Jamie Moir
- © Jamie Moir
- Common name:
- Shortbill Spearfish
- Scientific name:
- Tetrapturus angustirostris
The species occurs in offshore waters and is infrequently encountered close to the coast. It is recorded from the Indo-Pacific region and rarely from the Atlantic. In Australia it occurs in most marine offshore areas, but has not been recorded from Northern Territory waters or the Gulf of Carpentaria.
- Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & G.R. Allen. 2006. Fishes. In Beesley, P.L. & A. Wells. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 35. ABRS & CSIRO Publishing: Australia. parts 1-3, pages 1-2178.
- Nakamura, I. 1985. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 5. Billfishes of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of marlins, sailfishes, spearfishes and swordfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. No. 125 (5): i-iv, 1-65.
- Pepperell, J. 2010. Fishes of the Open Ocean. A natural history & illustrated guide. University of NSW Press. Pp. 266.


Browse Dictionary by Letter
Dictionary Suite
interrogatory containing or communicating a question; interrogative. [2 definitions]
interrupt to cause to stop; break off. [4 definitions]
interruption the act of interrupting or the state of being interrupted. [2 definitions]
interscholastic among or between different schools.
intersect to cut across or pass through; cross. [3 definitions]
intersection the point or place where two or more things such as roads intersect. [2 definitions]
intersectional combined form of sectional.
intersegmental combined form of segmental.
intersensory combined form of sensory.
intersex an individual who has sexual characteristics that are intermediate between male and female.
intersexual existing or happening between sexes. [2 definitions]
intersocietal combined form of societal.
intersociety combined form of society.
intersperse to place or scatter among other things.
interstage combined form of stage.
interstate concerning or connecting two or more states, esp. of the United States. [2 definitions]
interstation combined form of station.
interstellar existing or occurring between or among the stars.
interstice a small or narrow space or interval between two parts or things.
interstimulus combined form of stimulus.
interstitial concerning, located in, or forming interstices. [2 definitions]


critical factors are the speed of print and flood strokes, the thickness and opacity of the ink and the distance between the screen and the shirt. All of these factors must be carefully orchestrated to achieve acceptable results, especially in cases of half tone reproduction. If the print is on dark garment a flash is often required. The flash heats the ink so that the following colors will have and opaque base to sit on. Flashing requires attention to heat and timing and must be adjusted as the platens warm up and the ink changes consistency. Most of the critical adjustments required to control the process have to be done intuitively. It is because of this that screen printing is a specialized craft that requires a wealth of experience.
Once the shirts have been printed they must be cured and inspected. The dryer consists of a conveyor belt that runs the shirts through a heated chamber. The dryer must be set to the proper temperature and the speed of the belt must be adjusted to insure the required exposure to the heat for complete ink fusion. This must be diligently controlled to insure that the print is durable. Shirts also must be inspected as they are placed on the dryer belt and as they are removed by the folders.
We thank Mirror Image, Inc. _URL_ for their help in the preparation of these instructions.
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Acrylic plexiglass products also have four production options
Date:Feb 20, 2019
1 Paste method:
After cutting the plexiglass into various shapes, paste them together with glue.
2 Machining method:
 It can be processed into a wide variety of products with different functional mechanical equipment.
3 printing method:
The plexiglass surface can be screen printed, heat transferred, and printed in a variety of different patterns.
4 hot pressing method:
After the plexiglass plate is heated to a certain temperature, the plexiglass begins to soften, and the mold is fixed and cooled to produce various fine acrylic products.
Previous: What is Acrylic Plastic and What is it Used For?
Next: Difference Between Lucite and Acrylic


A PIECE OF WORK by Annie Dorsen
$ 14.00 $ 18.00
Mixing live performance with algorithms and interfaces, A Piece of Work is the second project in Annie Dorsen's "algorithmic theater" series. A digital Hamlet for a post-humanist age, A Piece of Work deploys a set of ingeniously designed computer algorithms to generate real-time adaptations of Shakespeare's original play. New scenes, songs, scores and visuals emerge from an intricate web of technology. With an introduction by Dorsen, and screen-shots of the system as it runs, this book elaborates both the technological and the poetic procedures of algorithmic theater.


Keeping OSHA 300 log can be a challenge
What happens when an injury is disclosed two months later?
Keeping the OSHA 300 Injury and Illness log for your company can be challenging, as in the following example.
A former employee tells you that he or she had just come from their personal physician about a possible work-related injury. The physician recommended physical therapy and provided a prescription muscle relaxer to your former employee.
However, the event that caused the injury actually occurred almost two months prior. At the time the injury occurred, the employee still worked for you but did not require medical attention beyond first aid, nor did the employee seek additional medical treatment.
Now what are you supposed to do? Is this recordable?
If the physician believes that the injury or illness was a result of the work environment, then it is recordable. If the injury resulted from a known, single event, use that date, even if the injury did not meet the recording criteria until a later time. If the injury or illness develops over time, such as carpal-tunnel syndrome, then the injury is recorded on the date it becomes recordable, or on the date it is diagnosed by a physician or other licensed health care professional.
If you have a "contemporaneous" medical opinion, the employer can choose the opinion which is most authoritative.
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enzyme can then be easily purified by boiling cells and filtering the result; the crude lysate will contain the enzyme, which should outlast contaminating enzymes under heat treatment. However, it is not feasible to locally produce such a strain as required, because the gene needed to produce the thermostable enzyme is found in wild cultures of deep-sea, thermophilic bacteria which are practically impossible to locally culture. However, once produced, such a strain can be transferred with trivial ease between AT-biolabs and constitutes a landmark development in sustainable biotechnology.
 Existing Methods
 Acids / Alkali / Feedstocks
- Acetic Acid - Distillation or Recrystallisation from Vinegar/Kombucha - Acetate salts are used for a wide variety of protocols.
- Acetone - Can be produced via the ABE Process (or transgenic bacteria). Can also be distilled from acetates, for example calcium acetate formed from egg shells and acetic acid from vinegar.
- ATP - Adenosine Triphosphate. Molecular energy unit of most living cells. Could probably be extracted from living cells but is highly unstable owing to its high energy content. Required for many enzyme-catalysed reactions, such as the use of Ligase (below).
- Benzoic Acid may be distilled from the injury-induced resin of Styrax family trees. The resin may be 20% Benzoic Acid. It may alternately be chemically produced from benzyl alcohol, which can be extracted from essential oils or fruits, though likely not in the same quantity as Styrax resin.
- Calcium Carbonate - Egg Shells, DE, Sea Shells, Mineral Deposits
- Citric Acid - Fermentation of glucose by Aspergillus niger yields citric acid which can be recrystallised and purified.
- Formic Acid - Distillation from ant bodies - Can be used for making salts, also has output applications in beekeeping.
- Potassium Hydroxide - Purification from Lye from Hardwood Ash - Provides ~90% Potassium Hydroxide, but presents hazards.
- Sodium Carbonate - Can be produced in low quality from burned Kombu/Kelp but is also produced via the Solvay Process.
- Sodium Hydroxide - Produced from Calcium Hydroxide and Sodium Carbonate, both outputs of the Solvay Process.
- Benzyl Alcohol - Can be extracted from fruit or some essential oils, though probably not in quantity.
- Butanol - Can be produced via the ABE Process (or transgenic bacteria).
- Ethanol - Produced during yeast fermentation or ABE Process. Can be distilled from fermentation medium, although high-grade ethanol will require more than a pot still.
- Methanol - Can be distilled from wood.
- Phenol - Possibly isolated from lignin
- Cellulose - Glucose polymer, most common biological compound on earth but usually highly impure. Easily produced as pure polymer by Kombucha fermentation, potentially useful as alternative to agarose DNA gels.
- Agar - Extracted from some seaweeds. In principal possible to produce via transgenic bacteria/yeast in-house. Useful for food production as an output.
- Agarose - Highly purified galactose polymer from Agar, requiring solvent or enzyme treatment to produce. Also in principal possible to produce with transgenic bacteria/yeast in-house. Supersedes need for agar if produced as pure agarose for lab or culinary applications.
- Gelatine - Easily boiled from bones and collagenous animal matter. Has limited uses in the lab due to being readily digested by many bacteria during growth.
- Alginates - Boiled as with Agar from certain species of seaweed/alga. Has food applications and can be processed to form a powder that, when dissolved in water, forms a gel upon exposure to calcium. Useful for encapsulating cells for ease of extraction from fermentations. Also has culinary applications and can be used to produce a "spray on bandage" to rapidly stanch bleeding as a medical application.
- DNA Monomers - Generally called "NTPs". Extracted industrially from salmon sperm DNA. Necessary for PCR and some other DNA manipulation reactions to produce or extend DNA.
Dyes actually pose a strong problem for community biolabs. Although many natural dyes can be easily prepared from indigenous species or by fermentation of transgenic strains, most dyes used in a modern lab for essential techniques like DNA visualisation are synthetic and/or present a mutagenic hazard. Substitution with natural stains and dyes may be a matter of trial and error.
- Indigo may have potential lab applications and can be grown easily or fermented by transgenic cultures. Also used as a clothing dye.
- Iodine can be extracted from Kelp/Kombu using Sulfuric Acids, and probably other acids more easily attained such as Acetic acid. Iodine is used in the gram staining method that helps identify microbes in medical samples.
- Lawsone from Henna could be used as a protein stain.
- Hematoxylin is extracted from log heartwood. It is used for a medically important staining procedure. As a biosynthesised dye, it could in principal be fermented by transgenic bacteria.
- Carmine/Cochineal is a traditional foodstuff dye produced from scale insects, and may have biolab applications.
- Turmeric is a traditional foodstuff and clothing dye and may have laboratory dye applications.
Many degradative enzymes can be produced by fermentation of saprophyte species such as B.subtilis, which possesses a host of useful enzymes for breaking down dead plant matter. These enzymes can be used for degrading waste and quickening composting or disposing of awkward wastes such as rancidified oils.
In a biolab, enzymes are the molecular machinery that perform many essential tasks such as copying, modifying and pasting DNA into desired sites, degrading contaminants, binding and purifying specific desired components of mixed samples, or cell-free production of proteins for advanced medical applications.
The below enzymes mostly do not come with instructions or suggestions for sources; the probable route to production in a community lab would be to acquire transgenic strains of B.subtilis or E.coli producing the desired enzyme, from which the enzyme can be extracted after a scaled-to-order fermentation. These strains generally do not exist in a form that is suitable or available to the community lab, but will surely be designed in coming years and disseminated where possible and required.
Essential Lab Enzymes:
- Restriction Enzymes - The more the merrier. Less necessary where synthesised DNA is available on demand..i.e. not in a community biolab, yet.
- DNA Polymerase(s) - Generally heat-stable enzymes extracted originally from deep sea bacteria, now produced from transgenic E.coli. Essential for the PCR reaction, easily produced and purified from lab strains such as E.coli or B.subtilis provided the correct genes are available in-house.
- Ligase - Used to "paste" DNA together, can be extracted in some form from probably any living cell but is generally extracted specially from transgenic E.coli. Could be produced in house from natural species with some difficulty, probably easier to produce with transgenic, tailor-made strains.
- Exonucleases - For degrading RNA or DNA, and for modern DNA cloning methods such as the Gibson method.
- Cellulase - For degrading cellulose, whether for biofuel production (probably inefficient to use enzyme for this) or to prepare plant cells for further manipulations.
Mostly culinary outputs:
- Invertase - Produced by Bacilli such as B.subtilis. Catalyses Sucrose -> Glucose + Fructose.
- Lipase - May assist in purification procedures. Can be used to degrade fats and remove fatty deposits. Can also be used to produce biofuel from oils/fats.


Technological advancements in inflatable technology redefining abrasive blasting operations.
Supplier: Giant Inflatables Industrial
14 February, 2021
Technological advancements in inflatable technology have redefined the way in which industry professionals are performing abrasive blasting operations.
Whether you're sand blasting, soda blasting, garnet blasting, ice blasting, or blasting with another abrasive media, you should ask yourself the following question:
Can I get the job done more effectively and save time, money and resources in the process?
The answer may well be yes, and here's why: With traditional blast booths and chambers your abrasive blasting operation needs to take place back at your home base where expensive blast booth space may lay idle while rent is being paid. In most instances that valuable space could well be better utilized to undertake operations that increase return to your bottom line. But what if your blast booth could disappear when not in use?
A great example is how Queensland Air Services saved heaps by utilizing their hanger space wisely. Inside their expensive hanger workshop multiple operations need to take place, including grit blasting, painting and Non Destructive Testing. All these would conventionally need a separate and space utilizing booth. They have chosen wisely and now use temporary inflatable booths for their abrasive blasting, painting and NDT operations, saving space and cutting expensive costs.
Problem 1: Inability to conduct operations at your client's premises.
Traditional blast chambers are ridged space occupying fixtures This is a consequence of the antiquated infrastructure required to establish a safe and containing blasting environment. This costs industry professionals a great deal of effort, time and money in having to repeatedly move the blast subject to the blast chamber often over long distances.
Now at last, new inflatable technologies allows for blast chambers of all sizes to be completely portable. It's as simple as connecting a power source to blow up the inflatable. Within minutes, a fully functional blasting environment can be set up anywhere and operate in any weather conditions. This repositions the assumption that the blast subject needs to be relocated to the blast chamber. Instead, take the blast chamber to the blast subject and save valuable resources and reduce costs in the process. Wherever the job is, whatever needs to be blasted, the appropriate shelter and blasting equipment can be easily moved to the right location.
Problem 2: Waste Vs Sustainability.
Conventionally the requirement to create a blasting and containment environment when on site utilizes scaffolding to create that structure. Conventionally wasteful and environmentally harmful plastics are commonly used to enclose and secure the space. These plastics are single-use and represent an ongoing liability to the environment, client and operator for every single future blasting job.
Utilizing a compact and cost effective Inflatable Blast Chamber is a completely sustainable undertaking. There is no environmental liability, and no working at height dangers. The operator sets up and reuse the same inflatable asset every job as it comes, knowing there is no procurement cost or environmental hazard for single-use wasteful materials.
Problem 3: Cost.
With easy setup, easy transport and their capacity to be reused for repeated jobs, inflatable blast booths are not just superior for their convenience, but they are also incredibly cost effective. The return on your invest can be realized in just 3 - 4 jobs. Client the likes of Siemens and Origin energy can attest to the meaningful saving that they have made and the very quick asset repayment.
So, if you are looking to purchase a blast booth or you are setting up a blast environment, take a moment to consider inflatable technology and how it might save you time, money and resources. It may be the new simple solution to your blasting needs.


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National Archaeology Day in the Arizona Desert
October 26, 2011
On National Archaeology Day the Central Arizona Society participated in a mudslinging activity at Pueblo Grande Museum in Phoenix, AZ. Mudslinging is a stabilization technique for earthen structures, and the AIA volunteers worked with the Pueblo Grande Museum Mudslingers - a volunteer organization that has worked at Pueblo Grande for eighteen years. Pueblo Grande Museum presents and conserves the Native American ruins, including an earthen platform mound, from the Hohokam culture that lived in central Arizona between 450 and 1450.
Mudslinging involves four basic steps:
1) Remove the loose/flaky earth
2) Wet the wall surface
3) Sling the freshly produced mud onto the surface
4) Smooth the new surface.
The Pueblo Grande Museum Mudslingers volunteer one Saturday morning a month (9-10 months a year), and the work that was done on Saturday will last for three to four years.
The Bayon Information Center in Siem Reap, Cambodia has joined as a new Collaborating Organization for International Archaeology Day 2013.
The Legacy: Hands on the Past, Center for Archaeological Research at The University of Texas at San Antonio and Frank H. McClung Museum at the University of Tennessee Knoxville have returned for International Archaeology Day 2013.
This week, the AIA has paired with two new organizations to promote International Archaeology Day 2013.


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Mean Value Theorem
Date: 04/18/99 at 12:50:08 From: Matt Porter Subject: AP Practice Test We are in the process of practicing for the AP practice test. We starred questions that we didn't know and asked our teacher about them. Most, he said he still needed to teach us. Some he helped us with, but one we all didn't get, so I figured I would ask you. Here is the question: If f(x) = sin (x/2), then there exists a number c in the interval pi/2< x < 3pi/2 that satisfies the conclusion of the Mean Value Theorem. Which of the following would be c? (A) 2pi/3 (B) 3pi/4 (C) 5pi/6 (D) pi (E) 3pi/2 The answer we come up with is nowhere near what theirs is, which is D. We used a formula 1/(b-a) times the integral from 3pi/2 to pi/2 of sin (x/2). If you use this you don't get d. Please help!
Date: 04/18/99 at 18:02:25 From: Doctor Pat Subject: Re: AP Practice Test Hi Matt, I think you are confusing the mean value theorem with the average value of a function. The mean value theorem says that for a function that is continuous and differentiable everywhere between a and b, there is a point where the slope of the function is equal to the slope of the line through a,f(a) and b,f(b). Find the value of sin(x/2) at each end of the interval and find the slope of the line through these two points. Now take the first derivative and find the value of x that makes the slope equal to the slope of the secant. It may happen more than once (although not in this problem) but the theorem just guarentees that it will happen at least once. Hope that helps. - Doctor Pat, The Math Forum _URL_
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Create a protective sphere
Hand gesture, fear, concentration
Orb Shield is the ability to create a sphere or barrier out of orbs in order to defend oneself or others. It is a form of Force Field which appears as translucent blue energy. This power is a highly focused advancement of Telekinetic Orbing, developed by Wyatt Halliwell and Paige Matthews.
Using this power, the possessor can:
- Shield against harm; most notably projectile attacks.
- Repel enemies and powers with the force of the shield.
- Project a shield around something in order to protect or contain it.
Wyatt Halliwell was the first shown user of this power. He was usually using it in a form of protective bubble, he used it in this form for the first time in the episode "Baby's First Demon", when he was attacked by a demon for the first time. Paige developed this power when being attacked by demons in the comic "Innocents Lost". While alerting Piper to a demon's approaching fire throwing power, Paige raised her arm, blocking the attack with an Orb Shield. She used this power at will for the first time in "Unnatural Resources", while protecting herself from falling debris and fireballs.
The Orb Shield can be manipulated by other powers. A demon was seen hitting the Orb Shield with a beam, which caused the bubble to fly away, along with everything inside of the bubble. In "It's a Bad, Bad, Bad, Bad World", Gideon was able to orb the protective bubble with Wyatt inside by channeling Electrokinesis into the bubble, establishing contact, and then orbing away with it. In "The Heavens Can Wait", Paige kept the shield around her sisters long enough for Phoebe to lift it with her Levitation and for Piper to move it across a battlefield with her Molecular Acceleration.
In "Sam, I Am", Wyatt created this shield over Piper's stomach while he was in her womb. This was the first time an Orb Shield was used, however, it had differed from the later usual spherical form. In "Prue Ya Gonna Call?", when Prue Halliwell acquires this power during the magical switch, she produces a small Orb Shield in front of her right arm, resembling the form Wyatt used from the womb in "Sam, I Am".
- So far, the Orb Shield was shown to protect four people at most.
- Although he used other powers from inside the womb, this was the first power Wyatt Halliwell used after he was born.
- This was the first new power gained in the Comics.


ABC Sound Song
 - Song: Alphabet & Sounds of the ABC song
 - Learning Objectives: This is the ABC letters of the alphabet song with a spin. This song teaches both the 26 graphemes of the alphabet and 26 sounds. It is a good song for introducing learners to the idea that letters make sounds. The song raises their phonemic and print awareness. Please note that there are 26 letters of the alphabet but these letters can make up to 44 phonemes. It is important for learners to know both the letters of the alphabet and the initial sounds of letters.
 - Letters: A-Z and 26 beginning phonemes of the alphabet.
Song Worksheet
 - How to Teach: Turn on the phonics music video. Let the students listen and watch once or twice. Break down the song and teach. To do that, tell students teacher will sing four letters and the students the next 4.
 - Teacher's Line: A, B, C, D
 Students' Line: E, F, G, H
 Keep doing this and before you know it, your learners will be singing the whole song without any help. Do the same for the sound part of the song.
Song Worksheet:


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81st Street B/C line - American Museum of Natural History Station
N/R Prince Street Station
8th Avenue and 34th Street Station
No matter where you live, there is sure to be creative inspiration for your own mosaic creations. It's a fun (and cheap!) activity to do with your kids and offers lots of wiggle room for creativity and experimentation. And what an assortment of materials you can use for a mosaic! Here are just a few ideas to get you going...
-Mosaic items, ideas include:
- Craft glue
- Cardboard (use scraps from mailing boxes, cereal boxes, shoe boxes, etc.)
Draw an outline of an object on the cardboard with a pencil (start simple - first try doing a large heart, star, or rainbow). Use craft glue to adhere the various objects to the image, using different colors of mosaic items to fill in the image and the background. Experiment with different textures and colors of objects to create interesting art! Once you get the hang of it, try using smaller pieces to do more detailed images.


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SQLBindParameter can eliminate the burden of data conversion when used to provide data for the SQL Server Native Client ODBC driver, resulting in significant performance gains for both the client and server components of applications. Other benefits include reduced loss of precision when inserting or updating approximate numeric data types.
When inserting char and wchar type data into an image column, the size of the data being passed in is used, as opposed to the size of the data after conversion to a binary format.
If the SQL Server Native Client ODBC driver encounters an error on a single array element of an array of parameters, the driver continues to execute the statement for the remaining array elements. If the application has bound an array of parameter status elements for the statement, the rows of parameters generating errors can be determined from the array.
When using the SQL Server Native Client ODBC driver, specify SQL_PARAM_INPUT when binding input parameters. Only specify SQL_PARAM_OUTPUT or SQL_PARAM_INPUT_OUTPUT when binding stored procedure parameters defined with the OUTPUT keyword.
SQLRowCount is unreliable with the SQL Server Native Client ODBC driver if an array element of a bound-parameter array causes an error in statement execution. The ODBC statement attribute SQL_ATTR_PARAMS_PROCESSED_PTR reports the number of rows processed before the error occurs. The application can then traverse its parameter status array to discover the number of statements successfully executed, if necessary.
If the SQL data type passed in is a character type, ColumnSize is the size in characters (not bytes). If the length of the data string in bytes is greater than 8000, ColumnSize should be set to SQL_SS_LENGTH_UNLIMITED, indicating that there is no limit to the size of the SQL type.
For instance, if the SQL data type is SQL_WVARCHAR, ColumnSize should not be greater than 4000. If the actual data length is greater than 4000, then ColumnSize should be set to SQL_SS_LENGTH_UNLIMITED so that nvarchar(max) will be used by driver.
Like other parameter types, table-valued parameters are bound by SQLBindParameter.
After a table-valued parameter has been bound, its columns are also bound. To bind the columns, you call SQLSetStmtAttr to set SQL_SOPT_SS_PARAM_FOCUS to the ordinal of the table-valued parameter. Then, call SQLBindParameter for each column in the table-valued parameter. To return to the top-level parameter bindings, set SQL_SOPT_SS_PARAM_FOCUS to 0.
For information about mapping parameters to descriptor fields for table-valued parameters, see Binding and Data Transfer of Table-Valued Parameters and Column Values.
Parameter values of date/time types are converted as described in Conversions from C to SQL. Note that parameters of type time and datetimeoffset must have ValueType specified as SQL_C_DEFAULT or SQL_C_BINARY if their corresponding structures (SQL_SS_TIME2_STRUCT and SQL_SS_TIMESTAMPOFFSET_STRUCT) are used.
For more information, see Date/Time Improvements (ODBC).
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. The University of Texas home page
UTPD logo
Title Administration / Policy B-12
Effective Date 9-13-04
Rescinds 8-1-04
Subject Off-Duty or Secondary Employment
Purpose To establish policy regarding off-duty or secondary employment.
Scope This directive applies to all personnel.
Reference Code of Conduct Section 5.17, Regent's Rules Part 1 Chapter 3 Section 13
CALEA 22.3.3
 1. Definitions:
 1. Off-duty employment: Employment that will not require the use or potential use of law enforcement powers by employees of this department.
 2. Administrative Approval:
 1. Employees must receive approval from the Chief of Police to engage in off-duty employment or business activities.
 2. The UT Austin "Request for Approval of Outside Employment" form must be completed and forwarded to the Chief of Police for approval.
 3. Conditions:
 1. Employees may engage in off-duty employment meeting the following criteria.
 1. Employment of a non-police nature in which vested police powers are not a condition of employment.
 2. The work provides no real or implied law enforcement service to the employer and is not performed during the employee's assigned duty hours.
 3. Employment that presents no potential conflict of interest between duties as a police department employee and duties for the secondary employer. Examples of employment representing a conflict of interest are:
 1. As a process server, repressor, bill collector, towing of vehicles, or in any other employment in which police authority might tend to be used to collect money or merchandise for private or civil purposes.
 2. Personnel investigations for the private sector or any employment which might require the employee to have access to police information, files, records, or services as a condition of employment.
 3. In a University of Texas System Police uniform while in the performance of tasks other than those of a University of Texas System police officer in the performance of official duties.
 4. For a business or labor group that is on strike.
 4. Employment that does not constitute a threat to the status or dignity of the police department employee or the University of Texas System - Office of the Director of Police. Examples of employment presenting a threat to the status or dignity are:
 1. Establishments which sell pornographic books, magazines, sexual devices, or videos, or that otherwise provide entertainment or services of a sexual nature.
 2. Any employment with, or work in any business whose primary source of revenue, or primary service is the sale or serving, transportation, delivery, or manufacture of alcoholic beverages.
 4. Restrictions:
 1. Requests for outside employment or business activity will not be granted under the following conditions:
 1. New employees who are on probation.
 2. Employees who have not completed the FTO program.
 4. When the duty would be incompatible or inconsistent with the performance of departmental police duties or interfere with their position as a police officer.
 5. When the duty or activity would be undignified or would tend to lower the prestige of the department.
 6. When the hours of such employment would impair the officer's ability to efficiently perform departmental duties.
 7. When the employment would be of such a nature or location that would make the officer unavailable for emergency call back duty.
 2. Permission may be revoked where it is determined pursuant to written directives that such outside employment is not in the best interest of the department.
 3. Department employees are prohibited from using University of Texas System badges or any uniform item or equipment issued them by the University of Texas Police Department.


Fleas with massive penises could invade bedrooms this autumn in their millions
editorial image
Bad news for anyone with a fear of bugs, billions of super-fleas with massive penises are being predicted to invade British bedrooms in the coming months.
Experts say that the new breed of well-endowed beasts will come out of hibernation this autumn and could turn up in millions of homes, carried in by pets.
The so-called super-fleas are far bigger than other species of the bug and have a penis two and a half times their body length - the largest relative to their size of any bug.
The new flea breed is believed to have come from Europe over the past few years and weather conditions this year have been ideal for them to breed, with a warm summer and the right balance of rain creating mild, damp conditions for them.
With the weather beginning to turn colder, experts are now warning that the fleas will begin to make their way indoors, potentially infesting sitting rooms and bedrooms across the country.
Rob Simpson, of pest controller register body Basis Prompt, said that the bugs were coming out of hibernation earlier than usual this year, meaning there would be more of them about.
He said: "Fleas which would usually remain dormant for much longer, became active sooner, leading to more prolific breeding and therefore a larger population."
With an increase in the number of bugs comes an increase in the likelihood of being bitten by one.
Flea bites usually appear as small red spots on the skin and can be very itchy. They are commonly found on feet and legs.
Doctors advice that bites should be washed thoroughly with soap and water before applying an antiseptic cream to the affected area.


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WebMD Medical News
Laura J. Martin, MD
Feb. 23, 2011 -- Electricity alone may be enough to zap sweaty palms and temporarily relieve excessive sweating caused by hyperhidrosis.
A new study shows that applying a small electric current to the wrists of people with the disorder kept their hands dry during treatment.
Researchers say tap water iontophoresis, which involves placing hands in a container of tap water charged with an electric current, has been a common treatment for hyperhidrosis for many years. But the results of this study suggest that the tap water may be unnecessary and a dry electric current alone may be an effective treatment for sweaty palms.
"These results imply that tap water in traditional iontophoresis may play no other part than acting as conductor for current," researcher Kave Shams, MBChB, of Monklands Hospital in Airdrie, Scotland, and colleagues write in the Archives of Dermatology. "This suggests that far less bulky iontophoresis machines requiring less space and resources could also be effective, although further studies are required to verify this proposition."
The study evaluated the effects of applying a low-level electric current via battery-operated pads to the wrists of six people with sweaty palms (palmar hyperhidrosis). Researchers applied a special solution to make sweaty areas appear dark blue and then photographed the participants' hands before, during, and after the two-minute electrical treatment.
The results showed that the dry electric current led to a substantial reduction in sweating during treatment, and the sweating returned within seconds or minutes after the electric current stopped.
The participants also subjectively rated their sweaty palms during treatment on a scale of 1 to 100 (dry to wet) and reported a reduction from an average of 66.2 before treatment to 19.2 during treatment.
The study results may help researchers better understand the mechanisms behind the disorder and develop more effective treatments.
SOURCE:Shams, K. Archives of Dermatology, February 2011; vol 147: pp 241-42.
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The Health News section does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional information.


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This policy guide note synthesises the findings of the final report for RP3038: Lower Income Barriers to Low Carbon Living. In summary:
- Broad engagement with lower income households, industry, government and other stakeholders reveals that energy deprivation is an increasing problem in Australia which impacts upon the social wellbeing of communities.
- There are a wide range of financial and non-financial barriers limiting the ability of lower income households to address energy deprivation.
- The government's approach to energy and support mechanisms varies from state to state and nationally, further exacerbating the problem.
- We present a range of policy recommendations across three categories, namely information provision, financial assistance, and regulatory controls.
RP3038: Lower Income Barriers to Low Carbon Living


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Extinction: When an observed behavior goes away entirely because of the reinforcement procedure that has been applied to the situation. An extinction burst, occurs when the reinforcement that caused a behavior has been removed, initially there will be an increase in the observed behavior. This is an attempt of the subject to try to obtain the motivational operant by causing more behaviors. After the outburst, the behavior then decreased to the point of extinction.
An example of this can be seen at a vending machine that does not deliver a soda after you have paid and pushed the button. In previous experience, putting in money and pushing the button delivers the soda. This behavior has a strong history of reinforcement. When the situation changes and the soda machine stops delivering the soda, the reaction is to start pushing the buttons madly. The soda button pushing behavior previously delivered soda. Now it does not. More button pushing ensues. The mad button pushing is the extinction burst. After the extinction burst, the button pushing behavior is decreased and then stops.
Warning: Thinning the schedule of reinforcement may actually entrench the behavior more effectively, making extinction more difficult to obtain in the future. Extinction involves reducing the maintaining reinforcers to absolute zero.
Resistance to extinction refers to the amount of responding by an individual after reinforcement has been removed. Intermittent schedules of reinforcement, thinner schedules and variable schedules are associated with a greater resistance to extinction.
Possible unwanted side effects of extinction:
- Increased behavior (extinction burst)
- Spontaneous recovery – the behavior comes back for a brief time for no apparent reason
- Some desirable behaviors are sometimes accidentally "ignored" and may cease
Note: Increasing the opportunities for extinction may actually reduce target behavior more quickly. Increasing the opportunities for extinction means that there are more offers for the chance for the behavior to be emitted and the reinforcement denied more often. This will speed up the extinction process.
Resistance to Extinction: Refers to an individual continuing to respond even after reinforcement has been removed from the equation. Some things that can cause resistance to extinction include: thinner reinforcement schedules, intermittent schedules of reinforcement, and variable schedules of reinforcement. All these things cause behavior to persist.
Extinction is highly recommended to use in any case where punishment procedures are implemented. Additionally, in any case of punishment or extinction, introduce the correct replacement behavior.


Los Tres Cabritos, by Eric Kimmel
Los tres cabritos is Eric Kimmel's Tex-Mex take on the traditional story of the Three Billy Goats Gruff. In this story, Chupacabra, the "goat sucker," a monster traditionally found in Puerto Rico but also part of folklore in other Hispanic communities, lives under the bridge across the Rio Grande which the three goats want to use to cross into Mexico.
Each goat tells Chupacabra to wait for his older brother, as in the Scandinavian tale, but each goat also plays music for Chupacabra to dance to. The oldest brother, however, can make the monster dance with his music. The biggest brother plays his accordion till Chupacabra ends up exhausted, like a punctured balloon, and the goats all get safely into Mexico.
The book is in Spanish, so it's a great choice for Spanish language classes.
Here are some cross-curricular activities for this book:
 - Use a Venn diagram to compare this book with Three Billy Goats Gruff.
 - The three main musical instruments in the story are the violin, the guitar, and the accordion. A harmonica is also pictured in the book, when the narrator says he always packs his harmonica when heading to Mexico. Bring the instruments or pictures of them to class. Compare them and put them in order by size. Sort them by the way the sound is made: the violin and the guitar are stringed instruments, while the accordion and harmonica are free reed wind instruments.
 - Chupacabra is a traditional monster. Use some of the ideas from our Monster classroom theme to study this creature, or check out the student project page, Chupacabra Home Page.
 - The cabriots had a fine time in Mexico, and were never again afraid of Chupacabra, "or so they said," according to the story. The narrator, however, always makes sure to pack his harmonica, just in case. Ask students to finish the sentence, "I always make sure to pack my ___________ when I go to __________, just in case." Have students illustrate their sentences. Challenge older students to write a story, using their sentence as the final sentence of the story.
 - There is a pinata in the illustrations of the book. Why not make and/or play with a pinata in your class?
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One Comment
 1. Dude, I don't know why this is such a joke to people man, the Chupacabra is real. It's derppod off by alien dudes and stuff. The point is, just like earth has many different kinds of beasts on it, so the places where these aliens and ufos come from also have their variety of beasts. On those long journeys through space, the aliens drop off their pet Chups to feed and the reason you never know where they went is because after they feed they are picked up again. The Chup is as tamed to the aliens as dogs are to humans, but they will get agressive toward strangers and thats why Chups seem so violent. Think about this dude, Chupacabras have the same big eyes as most images of aliens, and dogs, cats,goats, bears and so forth have the same size eyes as us, we from this planet have eyes like this, they from that planet have eyes like that. If you were to go to an alien planet, you would see that most of the creatures there would have those big oval eyes, dude. So lets get real people, the aliens are starting to feel alittle more at home here on earth and no matter where you are in space they would know you are from earth because of your eyes. Thanks for reading dude, I meditate often over real cool instrumentals about things like this often, If you would like to purchase the instrumentals too, just click on my url, peace dude.
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text:
Where did the Rudman coat of arms come from? When did the Rudman family first arrive in the United States?
Coat of Arms > Rudman Coat of Arms
Some noteworthy people of the name Rudman
The term Ashkenazic refers to Yiddish speaking Jews and their descendants. There are numerous other Jewish groups, such as the Sefardim, who were the Jews of the Iberian Peninsula and their descendants.More
THE HEBREW LANGUAGE
The Hebrew language belongs to the Semitic family and is generally divided into three historic and linguistic periods: Old Testament Hebrew, Postbiblical and Modern Hebrew. Modern Hebrew was developed in the 19th century and is now the official language of Israel. It has a special script, based on the Phoenician alphabet.More
The Yiddish language dates back to about the 9th century. It was developed mainly from Middle High German and spoken by Jews in Germany. Yiddish was also infused with Hebrew words and it is written using the Hebrew alphabet. It also shows a strong Slavic influence.More
Coat of Arms
Hand Painted Plaques
Plaques and Frames
houseofnames.com is an internet property owned by Swyrich Corporation.


2 bottles of Jia Wei Xiao Yao Wan(HAPPY PILLS) herbal remedy for stress anxiety depression (free delivery )
Jia Wei Xiao Yao Wan is a well known ancient Chinese herbal formula for liver Qi stagnation. Today, it is a commonly used herbal remedy for anxiety, irritability, stress, and depression due to the challenge of a daily life or premenstrual tension. It is an effective anti-depressant.
Soothes the liver, dispels liver stasis, clears heat, harmonizes liver and spleen, moves qi, invigorates blood, tonifies spleen qi, tonifies blood, regulates menses. Use for stagnation of liver qi with blood deficiency causing premenstrual tension or irregular menses. Symptoms included irritability, anxiety, depression, headache, breast distension, or water retention. May be used together with blood invigorators for dysmenorrhea due to liver stagnation. Other applications include liver spleen disharmony causing poor digestion, costal distension, poor appetite, and loose stools. Also, symptoms accompanying chronic hepatitis and menopause, including irritability, dizziness and fatigue. Also used for the alternating chills and fever of malaria.
Dosage: 10 pills each time,3 times daily with warm water.
Call 014410066 or _PHONE_ Free delivery in Ireland


text:
Coventry CathedralThe city of Coventry, West Midlands, England is unusual in the United Kingdom in that it has two cathedrals which both belong to the Church of England
The roofless ruins of the old cathedral.
The exterior of the ruins of the old cathedral
The exterior of the modern cathedral
The first, now in ruins, was bombed to destruction on November 14, 1940 by the German Luftwaffe during the Second World War. The new cathedral built next to the remains of the old cathedral was designed by Basil Spence. The ruin of the older cathedral remains hallowed ground.
It was decided that instead of re-building the old cathedral, it would be left in ruins as a reminder of the bombing, and that a new modern cathedral should be built alongside.
The foundation stone of the new cathedral was laid by the Queen on March 23, 1956, and it was consecrated on May 25, 1962. Its modern design caused some controversy. The unconventional spire was lowered onto the flat roof by helicopter. The interior is notable for a large tapestry of Christ, designed by Graham Sutherland and for the Baptistry window designed by John Piper. This is a stained glass window of abstract design, compounded from many elemental panes, which occupies the full height of one wall.


text:
Federation: the West Australian between empire and nation
Central Queensland University
Faculty of Community Services, Education and Social Sciences
School of Communications and Multimedia
When approaching the topic of The West Australian and Federation the guiding question was: 'Did The West Australian change character when Western Australia voted to be come part of the Commonwealth of Australia?' The word 'character' was selected deliberately, because it is used in two ways. On one hand it is employed to find out where The West Australian placed its emotional ties, and on the other it is used to look at the paper's organizational aspects, and see whether and when shifts occurred.


text:
The Informedia Digital Video Library project is a research initiative at Carnegie Mellon University, funded by the NSF, DARPA, NASA and others, that studies how multimedia digital libraries can be established and used. Informedia's digital video library is populated by automatically encoding, segmenting, and indexing data. Research in the areas of speech recognition, image understanding, and natural language processing supports the automatic preparation of diverse media for full-content and knowledge based search and retrieval.
The following image is an example of how these components are combined in the Informedia user interface:
Currently, the Informedia collection contains approximately 1.5 terabytes of data, comprising 2,400 hours of video encoded in the MPEG 1 format. The content of this corpus includes approximately 2,000 hours of CNN news broadcasts beginning in 1996. The remaining content is derived from PBS broadcast documentaries produced by WQED, Pittsburgh, and documentaries for distance education produced by the BBC for the British Open University. The subject matter of the majority of these documentaries is mathematics and science. Also available is a small corpus of public domain videos, typically derived from government agency sources.
All the data in Informedia, except for the public domain videos, is copyrighted and must be used for research purposes only, with re-distribution prohibited. Users of the testbed will need to sign an agreement with the copyright holder.
The extensive, automatically derived metadata created by Informedia is an important resource for digital library researchers. Metadata for the Informedia collection includes:
For general information about Informedia, see the web site: _URL_
Researchers with serious interests in using the testbed, should contact: Scott Stevens, _EMAIL_.