How to Tell the Difference Between a Male and Female Snake?
How in the world do you tell whether a snake is male or female? It is so difficult, right? Well, I did some research on the topic and have written it down to share with you.
Male snakes can most easily be differentiated from females because they have thicker tails. If this does not clearly show the difference, a probe can be inserted in the slit in front of the tail to feel for a hemipenes.
Trying to tell by just looking for hemipenes is actually harder than it sounds. So, what are the best ways to tell the difference between boy snakes and girl snakes?
Tail Characteristics as a Way to Sex Snakes
Male and female snakes have very different shaped tails. Who knew? The first thing you need to know is, what qualifies as the snake's tail? In every snake there is a slit along the underbelly, toward the end of the snake, this slit is called a cloaca.
The length of the snake from the cloaca to the tip of the back end of the snake is its tail. Because females lack hemipenes, their tails are skinnier and fade evenly to the point. Male snakes, on the other hand, have thicker tails that stay thick until they quickly come to a point at the very end of their tails.
This is a good way to tell whether or not a snake is male or female when you have two snakes side by side, but trying to figure this out with only one snake can be rather difficult, so they have invented a few other ways to determine the sex of your snake.
Probing to Determine the Gender of a Snake
The first way and the best way to find the sex of your snake is to use a technique that is called probing. Probing is a process that involves sticking an instrument into your snakes' cloaca to determine if there are hemipenes or not.
To succeed in this technique it is important to, first and foremost, make sure you have the right tools. Manufactures make snake probes that can be bought in pet stores or online at places like Amazon.
It is important that when you go to probe a snake you make sure you have the correct sized prob, and that you have a rounded tip on your probe. Make sure that before probing your snake, you have figured out which size of prob to use.
For smaller snakes, use thinner rods and for larger snakes make sure to use larger rods. It is best to buy snake probing rods because you need to make sure they are rounded on the end or have a ball tip in order to ensure the safety of your snake.
When Probing a snake you must always remember these 5 important facts:
 1. Make sure to always have someone assisting you to hold your snake.
 2. Make sure that your snake is awake.
 3. Make sure you have done your homework and have the right sized probe.
 4. Make sure to always be sanitary.
 5. Make sure you know what you are doing before inserting the probe.
Once you have these 5 steps down, probing can actually be quite easy. First, make sure that your snake's belly is facing you. Then make sure your assistant has a good hold on them. Next, you will want to lubricate your sexing probe.
Then, locate the cloaca and slowly insert the probe. You will want to do this, slowly and gently, spinning the probe so that it is slowly moving forward. On a female snake, the probe will be stopped against a harder surface approximately 3 scales in.
On a male snake, the probe will find one of the two hemipenes and will slide into a softer stop. On a male snake, the probe should go into the snake to about 9 scales. Once you have figured out if it is male or female, slowly remove the probe.
Once again it is so imperative that you use the right sized probe in order to make sure you do not hurt your snake. Here and here I listed a few links to some nice snake probs that have really good reviews.
Popping Hemipenes (Caution!)
There is another way to find the gender of your snake although it is much more difficult and can actually be harmful to your snake if done wrong.
Popping the hemipenes at first sounds like we are going to pop a balloon or something, but to pop the hemipenes really is pushing the hemipenes out of the snake's body. This reverting of the hemipenes only temporarily makes the hemipenes visible on the outside of the snake.
In order to pop the hemipenes, you need to find the vent or cloaca of the snake and then apply slight pressure, using a finger, below the cloaca where the hemipenes would come out. Make sure that the pressure is gentle but also firm. If this is done correctly, a hemipenis should pop out.
This is not the preferred way of determining the sex of a snake for a few reasons though:
 - The first reason is that it can be harmful to the snake
 - The second reason is that it is very hard to do right
 - The third reason is that if you don't see a hemipenes pop out you can never be certain if it is because the snake is actually female or if it is because the process was done wrong and the snake really is a male.
For these reasons it is suggested that you stick to probing your snakes to find their genders.
Pros and Cons for Male Snakes
A lot of people wonder if there is even a difference in owning female snakes compared to male snakes, and vice versa.
The answer is that in general there isn't a huge difference, but there are some pretty interesting details that make some people prefer owning male snakes or female snakes.
Pros for Male SnakesCons for Male Snakes
*If you want a smaller snake, male snakes (in general) are smaller than females.
*Normally are cheaper to purchase than females.
*Only really need one when trying to breed snakes.
*Male snakes are not as large and so they can be less easy to handle for snakes that are already smaller.
*Male snakes cannot have babies and as such are not as valuable.
Pros and Cons for Female Snakes
As was stated in the previous section, unless you are a breeder there are very few reasons that one should buy a male snake over a female snake, but as stated before there are a few, so here is a list of the pros and cons about getting a female snake.
Pros for Female SnakesCons for Female Snakes
*They are more valuable because they can have babies.
*They tend to be bigger which can look nicer and be easier to handle.
*Female snakes tend to be more expensive because it is more beneficial to own a lot of female snakes when breeding.
*Female snakes can get to be a bit aggressive when protecting their young.
*Because female snakes tend to be larger, you may need to use a larger terrarium to house them.
How do Snakes Mate in the Wild?
Snakes are like all other reptiles and they have a need to breed. The breeding process starts with the female though. When a female snake has matured enough to mate and is ready to start the mating process she actually starts to release pheromones that come from the skin glands in her back.
As she is moving about during her day she will begin to leave an odor trail as she pushes off of resistance points in the ground. This is where the male comes in. A male that is mature enough to mate and crosses the path of this pheromone trail will begin to follow the trail until he has found the female.
Once he has spotted the female he will begin to court her. He does this by knocking his chin into the back of her head until she is ready. Once she is ready to mate, the male snake will wrap the bottom of his tail around hers so that their vents or cloaca are touching.
At this point, the male will insert his hemipenes' or penises into the female and will release his sperm. Although sex for snakes generally takes about an hour, it can actually last all day.
Female snakes reproduce about twice a year but depending on the climate this may differ. Snakes in colder regions typically only reproduce in the spring or summer whereas some snakes in tropical regions can reproduce any time of year. The weather and the amount of food the snake is getting all influence whether or not a snake will reproduce.
There are three ways in which a female snake can produce offspring. The most common way is for the female snake to lay eggs. Most snakes do not sit and watch their eggs like chickens and other animals, most snakes will leave their eggs once they are laid.
Like always though, there are a few exceptions to that rule. The second way that snakes produce their offspring is in live births. Not a lot of snake breeds do this but a few that do are certain types of Vipers and Boas.
The third way that snakes produce their offspring is actually a combination of the two. They have eggs but hold them internally until they hatch and then have a live birth. Rattlesnakes experience this form of pregnancy and birth.
How do Male and Female Snakes Reproduce in Captivity?
Although the same basic things must happen in order for snakes to breed in the wild and in captivity, it is quite a different process getting snakes to breed outside of their natural habitat. The breeding of snakes has become quite successful, but because of its complexities, it did not always start out that way.
The first thing that must be done in order to help your snakes


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In Oracle if you want to store a small value, such as a one digit code (e.g. 0, 1, 2, 3 4, or Null; or Null, or 1; or 1, or 2), what is the space optimal way to store such a value. Currently I'm looking at a system where it was decided to store these values as VARCHAR2(11 CHAR), but it seems like the wrong option for a column type. From the online Oracle documentation and the almighty Google it seems like the more space optimal storage option with be CHAR(1) as it seems to be the smallest on disk type.
Am I completely wrong in my thinking or doesn't it not matter either way?
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It's a number. Use a NUMBER. – Phil Feb 5 '13 at 16:45
_USER_ From my understanding of the Oracle documention link a NUMBER(1) is stored as two BYTEs verus CHAR(1) which is stored as one BYTE. – Eric Day Feb 5 '13 at 16:52
How many rows do you expect? – dezso Feb 5 '13 at 16:55
_USER_ Only in the 10's of millions every three months. Though there are roughly 70 columns that have this type of data. – Eric Day Feb 5 '13 at 17:06
how much percent of space will you save in your database by defining these columns as CHAR(1) instead of NUMBER(1)? – miracle173 Feb 5 '13 at 17:16
1 Answer 1
up vote 7 down vote accepted
The documentation states the size of datatypes here.
0 (the number) is stored as 1 byte. Other single digit numbers will be stored in 2 bytes (one for the exponent, one for the mantissa). You can test this yourself by creating a test table and using the VSIZE() function on test data (doc link).
A CHAR(n) will be stored in n bytes.
I'd always store numbers in a NUMBER. Unless you're dealing with trillions of rows, the space saving will not be significant enough.
share|improve this answer
Is there an advantage as stroing it as a number? I agree about storing numbers as numbers, but there are not really numbers. That is to say, the numbers are really just codes for other values, like Male/Female, Yes/No, etc. So though it's a numeric representation it's not really a number, it's more an alias. – Eric Day Feb 5 '13 at 17:12
_USER_ but it's still a number representing a foreign key to another table that uses a number as a primary key. And putting numeric data in string fields is a pretty terrible idea for a variety of reasons, not least of which are lack of data integrity, increased space on disk, and funky sorting – JNK Feb 5 '13 at 17:18
_USER_ The irony is that there are no forign key's in this case. This is just how the buiness data is stored. – Eric Day Feb 5 '13 at 17:29
_USER_ you have my sympathies then – JNK Feb 5 '13 at 17:32
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Curve and Surface Fitting Objects and Methods
This section describes how to use Curve Fitting Toolbox™ functions from the command-line or to write programs for curve and surface fitting applications.
The Curve Fitting app allows convenient, interactive use of Curve Fitting Toolbox functions, without programming. You can, however, access Curve Fitting Toolbox functions directly, and write programs that combine curve fitting functions with MATLAB® functions and functions from other toolboxes. This allows you to create a curve fitting environment that is precisely suited to your needs.
Models and fits in the Curve Fitting app are managed internally as curve fitting objects. Objects are manipulated through a variety of functions called methods. You can create curve fitting objects, and apply curve fitting methods, outside of the Curve Fitting app.
Curve Fitting Objects
In MATLAB programming, all workspace variables are objects of a particular class. Familiar examples of MATLAB classes are double, char, and function_handle. You can also create custom MATLAB classes, using object-oriented programming.
Methods are functions that operate exclusively on objects of a particular class. Data types package together objects and methods so that the methods operate exclusively on objects of their own type, and not on objects of other types. A clearly defined encapsulation of objects and methods is the goal of object-oriented programming.
Curve Fitting Toolbox software provides you with new MATLAB data types for performing curve fitting:
 - fittype — Objects allow you to encapsulate information describing a parametric model for your data. Methods allow you to access and modify that information.
 - cfit and sfit — Two subtypes of fittype, for curves and surfaces. Objects capture information from a particular fit by assigning values to coefficients, confidence intervals, fit statistics, etc. Methods allow you to post-process the fit through plotting, extrapolation, integration, etc.
Because cfit is a subtype of fittype, cfit inherits all fittype methods. In other words, you can apply fittype methods to both fittype and cfit objects, but cfit methods are used exclusively with cfit objects. Similarly for sfit objects.
As an example, the fittype method islinear, which determines if a model is linear or nonlinear, would apply equally well before or after a fit; that is, to both fittype and cfit objects. On the other hand, the cfit methods coeffvalues and confint, which, respectively, return fit coefficients and their confidence intervals, would make no sense if applied to a general fittype object which describes a parametric model with undetermined coefficients.
Curve fitting objects have properties that depend on their type, and also on the particulars of the model or the fit that they encapsulate. For example, the following code uses the constructor methods for the two curve fitting types to create a fittype object f and a cfit object c:
f = fittype('a*x^2+b*exp(n*x)')
f =
 General model:
 f(a,b,n,x) = a*x^2+b*exp(n*x)
c = cfit(f,1,10.3,-1e2)
c =
 General model:
 c(x) = a*x^2+b*exp(n*x)
 a = 1
 b = 10.3
 n = -100
Note that the display method for fittype objects returns only basic information, piecing together outputs from formula and indepnames.
cfit and fittype objects are evaluated at predictor values x using feval. You can call feval indirectly using the following functional syntax:
y = cfun(x) % cfit objects;
y = ffun(coef1,coef2,...,x) % fittype objects;
Curve Fitting Methods
Curve fitting methods allow you to create, access, and modify curve fitting objects. They also allow you, through methods like plot and integrate, to perform operations that uniformly process the entirety of information encapsulated in a curve fitting object.
The methods listed in the following table are available for all fittype objects, including cfit objects.
Fit Type MethodDescription
Get input argument names
Get fit category
Get coefficient names
Get dependent variable name
Evaluate model at specified predictors
Construct fittype object
Get formula string
Get independent variable name
Determine if model is linear
Get number of input arguments
Get number of coefficients
Get problem-dependent parameter names
Set model fit options
Get name of model
The methods listed in the following table are available exclusively for cfit objects.
Curve Fit MethodDescription
Construct cfit object
Get coefficient values
Get confidence intervals for fit coefficients
Differentiate fit
Integrate fit
Plot fit
Get prediction intervals
Get problem-dependent parameter values
A complete list of methods for a curve fitting object can be obtained with the MATLAB methods command. For example,
Methods for class fittype:
argnames dependnames fittype islinear probnames
category feval formula numargs setoptions
coeffnames fitoptions indepnames numcoeffs type
Note that some of the methods listed by methods do not appear in the tables above, and do not have reference pages in the Curve Fitting Toolbox documentation. These additional methods are generally low-level operations used by the Curve Fitting app, and not of general interest when writing curve fitting applications.
There are no global accessor methods, comparable to getfield and setfield, available for fittype objects. Access is limited to the methods listed above. This is because many of the properties of fittype objects are derived from other properties, for which you do have access. For example,
f = fittype('a*cos( b*x-c )')
f =
 General model:
 f(a,b,c,x) = a*cos( b*x-c )
ans =
a*cos( b*x-c )
ans =
You construct the fittype object f by giving the formula, so you do have write access to that basic property of the object. You have read access to that property through the formula method. You also have read access to the argument names of the object, through the argnames method. You don't, however, have direct write access to the argument names, which are derived from the formula. If you want to set the argument names, set the formula.
Surface Fitting Objects and Methods
Surface Fitting Objects and Methods
The surface fit object (sfit) stores the results from a surface fitting operation, making it easy to plot and analyze fits at the command line.
Like cfit objects, sfit objects are a subclass of fittype objects, so they inherit all the same methods of fittype listed in Curve Fitting Methods.
sfit objects also provide methods exclusively for sfit objects. See sfit.
One way to quickly assemble code for surface fits and plots into useful programs is to generate a file from a session in the Curve Fitting app. In this way, you can transform your interactive analysis of a single data set into a reusable function for command-line analysis or for batch processing of multiple data sets. You can use the generated file without modification, or edit and customize the code as needed. See Generate Code and Export Fits to the Workspace.
Was this topic helpful?


With little time to spare before employers finalize their plan designs for 2014, we now have the final rules for wellness programs. The Agencies officially released the final rules on June 3, 2013, which apply to group health plans for plan years beginning on or after January 1, 2014 (even if the plan is grandfathered under the Affordable Care Act).
The Agencies re-designed, some would say dramatically re-designed, the final rules from what was proposed late last year. Under the final rules, wellness programs are divided and sub-divided into three general categories (as explained below). The Agencies even say that there may be wellness programs hiding within other wellness programs – requiring employers and plan sponsors to examine the rules at even a more granular level than ever before. With all the differentiation in wellness programs and the hyper-analysis that is now required, all of this leads employers and plan sponsors to what is now becoming a familiar tune for wellness programs. That is, if you have seen one wellness program, you have only seen one wellness program.
For a wellness program to be exempt from the HIPAA nondiscrimination rule, the wellness program must meet certain requirements. The requirements vary depending on whether the wellness program is participatory or health-contingent and also depending on whether the health-contingent program is "activity-only" or "outcome-based". Examples of a participatory program include reimbursements for the cost of a fitness center, rewards for completing a voluntary health risk assessment or biometric screening and rewards for attending a no-cost health education seminar. Examples of health-contingent programs include premium surcharges for smokers and requiring employees to have a certain cholesterol or body mass index level.
Participatory Wellness Programs
A participatory wellness program (which either does not provide a reward or does not include any conditions for obtaining the reward that are based on a health factor) is permissible under the HIPAA nondiscrimination rules, as long as it is made available to all similarly situated individuals, regardless of health status. These types of programs are excluded when an employer or plan sponsor is calculating the 30% or 50% financial limits (as explained below).
Health-Contingent Wellness Programs
The 2012 proposed rules provided five requirements for health-contingent programs, and these five requirements continue to apply. However, the final rules subdivide health-contingent programs into two separate types – activity-only and outcome-based programs.
An activity-only program refers to those programs where an individual is required to perform an activity related to a health factor to obtain a reward (such as walking or diet programs), but no specific outcome is required. An outcome-based program is one where an individual must actually attain or maintain a particular health outcome to obtain the reward (such as not smoking or attaining specific biometric results). If a measurement or screening is used as part of an initial standard and only those who meet the standard obtain the reward without any further action, the program is outcome-based. As explained in the final rules, if a program tests for high cholesterol and provides a reward to those within a normal or healthy range but requires others to take additional steps, such as meeting with a health coach or participating in a walking program, the program is outcome-based (even though the additional program does not require the attainment of any specific goal).
The requirements that apply to health-contingent programs are:
 - Individuals must be eligible to qualify for the reward at least annually.
 - The total reward for all health-contingent programs under a plan cannot exceed the "applicable percentage" of the total cost of employee-only coverage. If dependents can participate in the wellness program, the total cost is determined based on the coverage in which the employee and dependents are enrolled (such as the total cost of family coverage). The applicable percentage is 30%, with an additional 20% solely for programs designed to reduce or prevent tobacco use. If a plan has both a tobacco cessation program and another wellness program, special rules apply for how to calculate the 30% and 50% financial limits.
 - The program must be reasonably designed to promote health or prevent disease without being overly burdensome, a subterfuge for discrimination or highly suspect in the method chosen to achieve the goal.
 - The full reward must be available to all similarly situated individuals.
 - For an activity-based program, this requires that a reasonable alternative standard (or waiver) be provided for those for whom it is unreasonably difficult due to a medical condition to satisfy the standard and for whom it is medically inadvisable to attempt to satisfy the standard. If reasonable, a plan may seek verification from a physician. For an activity-based program, the reasonable alternative standard does not need to be provided in advance, and the plan can require the individual to first request an alternative.
 - For an outcome-based program, this requires that a reasonable alternative standard (or waiver) be provided to any individual who does not meet the initial standard based on a measurement, test, or screening that is related to a health factor.
 - Whether a standard is reasonable will depend on facts and circumstances. The final rules do provide a few guidelines about reasonable alternatives. One of the guidelines requires that if an individual's personal physician believes that the standards are not medically appropriate for that individual, the plan must provide another reasonable alternative that accommodates the personal physician's recommendations. This applies to both activity-based and outcome-based programs.
 - The plan must disclose the availability of a reasonable alternative standard to qualify for the reward in all plan materials describing the terms of the program, including contact information for obtaining the alternative and must include a statement that recommendations of an individual's physician will be accommodated. This disclosure must also be included in communications relating to an outcome-based program notifying an individual that s/he did not satisfy the initial standard. This disclosure is not required if the materials only mention that the program is available but does not describe its terms.
 Americans with Disabilities Act
 The final rules explain at great lengths that these rules only cover the applicable tax, ERISA and health plan requirements. If a wellness program satisfies these rules, it does not mean that the program will satisfy any other applicable laws.
 The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) prohibits covered employers from requiring medical examinations or from making disability-related inquiries of an employee, unless such examination or inquiry is "shown to be job-related and consistent with business necessity." The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) has issued guidance defining "disability-related inquiry" as a question or series of questions that are likely to elicit information about a disability. It has also defined "medical examination" to include procedures or tests that seek information about an individual's physical or mental health or impairments, such as vision tests, genetic tests, blood pressure screening and biometric tests.
 Exceptions exist for voluntary wellness arrangements and arrangements involving "underwriting." However, the EEOC has not been very forthcoming as to what types of wellness arrangements satisfy the ADA exception. In fact, informally, the EEOC has indicated that arrangements that satisfy the HIPAA wellness rules may not even satisfy the ADA wellness exception. This lack of guidance has led to one lawsuit that has reached the United States District Court level (Seff v. Broward County). While this lawsuit was favorable to employers, the lack of EEOC guidance along with the EEOC's more stringent approach to wellness programs likely means more lawsuits in the future.
 For more information about these final rules and how they may impact your wellness programs, please contact the author(s) of this Legal Alert or your existing firm contact.
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Consumer & Compliance Information
The following is an overview of the information that Laramie County Community College is required to provide to current and prospective students and current and prospective employees. The list provides links to other departmental sites that disclose specific information that is in compliance with:
- The Higher Education Opportunity Act of 2008, which requires institutions of higher education to disclose information and reports on various aspects of the institution's policies, procedures, operations and costs.
- Title IX, which requires institutions participating in financial aid programs to disclose specified information to all prospective students.
- Family Education Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)
General Student & Institutional Information
- Disability Support Services
- Equity in Athletics (pdf) – consumer information for student athletes
- Residence hall handbook – includes safety and security information
- Student records and FERPA
- Student handbook
- Student outcomes – graduation rates
- Title IX Nondiscrimination and Equal Opportunity Policy
Financial Assistance Information
- Forms required to apply for financial aid
- Gainful Employment Certificate Programs. The U.S. Department of Education requires that institutions report certain information about students enrolled in Title IV eligible education programs that lead to gainful employment in a recognized occupation. This information, provided for all certificate programs, can be found by choosing any certificate program from the Academics page and then clicking on Job Info/Certificate Costs.
- Tuition and fees

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Oklahoma Nanotechnology Education Initiative
The ONEI is addressing new workforce challenges by integrating microtechnology and nanotechnology concepts into career and technology education courses, and the OSU Institute of Technology developed nanotechnology courses. The ONEI has sponsored summer camps for eighth-, ninthand 10th-grade students to introduce them to nanotechnology. These camps also introduce students to nanotechnology's application to Oklahoma industry.
Role of CareerTech:
CareerTech has developed instructional resources schools can use to integrate nanotechnology into existing disciplines and offers summer camps to introduce students to nanotechnology.
Sheryl Hale – _PHONE_ – _EMAIL_

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Typical stories
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 4. Liberation Route. A continuously growing remembrance trail.
Discover Twente. Country estate of the Netherlands
Welcome in Twente
A region where life is green. This, in combination with the authentic cultural heritage makes Twente the ideal place for a wonderfull stay and an enrichment of life.There are several possible answers in response to the question why Twente is so popular among tourists. It has nature reserves, country estates and farms to offer, for one. Meaning it's the perfect place to go to enjoy nature. You can do this by bike, on foot or on horseback, using the excellent network of routes and trails that can be found here. But Twente has a lot more to offer. Discover our cities and villages, for example, where you will find distinctive shops and restaurants in equal measure.
Twente Highlights
 1. Delden
 The city centre of the charming city of Delden dates …


Teacher Besties
We are all aware of those two students that are always spending time together, who share each and every secret, and are a pair made in heaven. But have you ever wondered how well the teachers know their teacher-best friends? Here we ask our teachers how well they know the colleagues they interact with the most and see how close the friendship is between the Tompkins staff.
What is their favorite color?
Crestani guess: Blue Olenius guess: Green
Crestani answer: Yellow Olenius answer: Peacock green
Davis guess: Blue Sandoval guess: Blue
Davis answer: Pink Sandoval answer: Red
Cherry guess: Maize Grisdale guess: Blue
Cherry answer: Crimson Grisdale answer: Navy
Walton guess: Maroon Daigle guess:Green
Walton answer: Green Daigle answer: Blue
What is their favorite type of food/cuisine?
Crestani guess: Mexican Olenius guess: Italian
Crestani answer: Italian Olenius answer: Mexican
Davis guess: Mexican Sandoval guess: American
Davis answer: Mexican Sandoval answer: Mexican
Cherry guess: Steak Grisdale: üburrito
Cherry answer: Mexican Grisdale answer: Italian
Walton guess: Mexican Daigle guess: Chinese
Walton answer: Chinese Daigle answer: Thai
What is their favorite thing to do in their free time?
Crestani guess: Movies Olenius guess: Travel
Crestani answer: Cook Olenius answer: Ride horses
Davis guess: Soccer Sandoval guess: Golf
Davis answer: Golf Sandoval answer: Soccer
Cherry guess: Boating Grisdale guess: Read
Cherry answer: Movies and music Grisdale answer: Work out
Walton guess: Reading Daigle guess: Robotics
Walton answer: Reading Daigle answer: Watch football
Where were they born/ where is their hometown?
Crestani guess: Victoria, TX Olenius guess: Houston TX
Crestani answer: Houston, TX Olenius answer: Victoria, TX
Davis guess: Brenham, TX Sandoval guess: Texas
Davis answer: Midland, TX Sandoval answer: Brenham, TX
Cherry guess: Cheboygan, MI Grisdale guess: Indiana
Cherry answer: Clayton, IN Grisdale answer: Cheboygan, MI
Walton guess: Houston Area Daigle guess: Texas
Walton answer: Texas Daigle answer: Sugarland, TX
Do they have any pets?
Crestani guess: Hedgehog Olenius guess: Labrador retriever
Crestani answer: A Labrador retriever Olenius answer: Dog, hedgehog and a fish
Davis guess: No pets Sandoval guess: No pets
Davis answer: Two dogs Sandoval answer: No pets
Cherry guess: A dog Grisdale guess: A dog
Cherry answer: A dog Grisdale answer: A dog
Walton guess: A dog Daigle guess: No pets
Walton answer: No pets Daigle answer: Two dogs
Are they more of a early bird or a night owl?
Crestani guess: Night Owl Olenius guess: Night Owl
Crestani answer: Night Owl Olenius answer: Early Bird
Davis guess: Night Owl Sandoval guess: Night Owl
Davis answer: Early Bird Sandoval answer: Night Owl
Cherry guess: Early Bird Grisdale guess: Night Owl
Cherry answer: Early Bird Grisdale answer: Early Bird
Walton guess: Early Bird Daigle guess: Early Bird
Walton answer: Early Bird Daigle answer: Early Bird
When is their birthday?
Crestani guess: Sometime during summer Olenius guess: During the summer
Crestani answer: June 23 Olenius answer: June 11
Davis guess: October Sandoval guess: Spring
Davis answer: October 15 Sandoval answer: October
Cherry guess: Fall Grisdale guess: Spring
Cherry answer: August 6 Grisdale answer: October 31
Walton guess: June Daigle guess: April
Walton answer: Spring Daigle answer: Winter time
What is their favorite genre of music?
Crestani guess: Country Olenius guess: 70s rock
Crestani answer: 70s rock Olenius answer: 80s and 90s music
Davis guess: Country Sandoval guess: Country
Davis answer: Country Sandoval answer: Rap
Cherry guess: 70s and 80s rock Grisdale guess: Soft pop rock
Cherry answer: 70s music Grisdale answer: Classic rock
Walton guess: Alternative Daigle guess: Classical
Walton answer: Alternative rock Daigle answer: Soul music


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Plot Bode frequency response with additional plot customization options
h = bodeplot(sys)
bodeplot(..., plotoptions)
h = bodeplot(sys) plot the Bode magnitude and phase of the dynamic system model sys and returns the plot handle h to the plot. You can use this handle to customize the plot with the getoptions and setoptions commands.
bodeplot(sys) draws the Bode plot of the model sys. The frequency range and number of points are chosen automatically.
bodeplot(sys1,sys2,...) graphs the Bode response of multiple models sys1,sys2,... on a single plot. You can specify a color, line style, and marker for each model, as in
bodeplot(AX,...) plots into the axes with handle AX.
bodeplot(..., plotoptions) plots the Bode response with the options specified in plotoptions. Type
help bodeoptions
for a list of available plot options. See Example 2 for an example of phase matching using the PhaseMatchingFreq and PhaseMatchingValue options.
bodeplot(sys,w) draws the Bode plot for frequencies specified by w. When w = {wmin,wmax}, the Bode plot is drawn for frequencies between wmin and wmax (in rad/TimeUnit, where TimeUnit is the time units of the input dynamic system, specified in the TimeUnit property of sys.). When w is a user-supplied vector w of frequencies, in rad/TimeUnit, the Bode response is drawn for the specified frequencies.
See logspace to generate logarithmically spaced frequency vectors.
Example 1
Use the plot handle to change options in a Bode plot.
sys = rss(5);
h = bodeplot(sys);
% Change units to Hz and make phase plot invisible
Example 2
The properties PhaseMatchingFreq and PhaseMatchingValue are parameters you can use to specify the phase at a specified frequency. For example, enter the following commands.
sys = tf(1,[1 1]);
h = bodeplot(sys) % This displays a Bode plot.
Use this code to match a phase of 750 degrees to 1 rad/s.
p = getoptions(h);
p.PhaseMatching = 'on';
p.PhaseMatchingFreq = 1;
p.PhaseMatchingValue = 750; % Set the phase to 750 degrees at 1
 % rad/s.
setoptions(h,p); % Update the Bode plot.
The first bode plot has a phase of -45 degrees at a frequency of 1 rad/s. Setting the phase matching options so that at 1 rad/s the phase is near 750 degrees yields the second Bode plot. Note that, however, the phase can only be -45 + N*360, where N is an integer, and so the plot is set to the nearest allowable phase, namely 675 degrees (or 2*360 - 45 = 675).
Example 3
Compare the frequency responses of identified state-space models of order 2 and 6 along with their 2 std confidence regions.
load iddata1
w = linspace(8,10*pi,256);
h = bodeplot(sys1,sys2,w);
setoptions(h, 'PhaseMatching', 'on', 'ConfidenceRegionNumberSD', 2);
Use the context menu by right-clicking Characteristics > Confidence Region to turn on the confidence region characteristic.
Example 4
Compare the frequency response of a parametric model, identified from input/output data, to a nonparametric model identified using the same data.
 1. Identify parametric and non-parametric models based on data.
 load iddata2 z2;
 w = linspace(0,10*pi,128);
 sys_np = spa(z2,[],w);
 sys_p = tfest(z2,2);
 spa and tfest require System Identification Toolbox™ software. sys_np is a non-parametric identified model. sys_p is a parametric identified model.
 2. Create a Bode plot that includes both systems.
 opt = bodeoptions; opt.PhaseMatching = 'on';
 bodeplot(sys_np,sys_p,w, opt);
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Cities Near Cuyahoga Falls, OH
Local city information for Cuyahoga Falls, OH
is a city in Summit County, Ohio, United States. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 49,374. It is currently the second largest city in Summit County. It is a suburb of Akron and Cleveland and part of the Akron Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Cleveland-Akron-Elyria Combined Statistical Area. Actually older than Akron, the city was founded in 1812 by William Wetmore and was originally named Manchester. Cuyahoga Falls is named after the Cuyahoga River (which flows into Lake Erie) and the series of falls that run through the middle of the city.
Cuyahoga Falls is bordered by Akron to the south and the Cuyahoga Valley National Park to the northwest.
Cuyahoga Falls was formed in 1812 near the junction of what was then Northampton, Stow, Tallmadge, and Portage townships. The focus was the series of Cuyahoga River waterfalls that provided power for manufacturing.
In 1812 Kelsey and Wilcox built a dam on the Cuyahoga River at a place where a railroad bridge crossed it in 1876. They then built a flour mill, an oil mill, and a saw mill. This led to the construction of a number of houses. This area was known as the old village. Development moved downstream, though, when it was discovered that the power was better there. The old village was eventually destroyed in 1826 when a dam built by William Wetmore flooded the dam at the old village and its mills were torn down.
The earliest settler of Cuyahoga Falls included Joshua Stow and William Wetmore. In 1815 a saw-mill was operating near Gaylord's Grove, using power generated by a dam on the Cuyahoga River there.
The town was initially called Manchester but was renamed Cuyahoga Falls at the request of the Post Office since there were already several other Manchesters in Ohio.
The village proper was first laid out in 1826 by Judge Richardson.
The town was incorporated in 1836, occupying 240 rods out of Stow and Tallmadge townships. In 1853, seeing that the village and township of Cuyahoga Falls occupied the same territory, the village council disbanded and the community was only a township until 1868.
In 1841 the Summit County Board of Commissioners named Cuyahoga Falls county seat. The state legislature then intervened and put the location of the county seat up to a popular vote. Akron won and has been the county seat ever since. In spite of being named the county seat Cuyahoga Falls never really functioned as such.
In March 1851 the township of Cuyahoga Falls was created out of the village limits. They covered the same territory so the village council voted to adjourn sine die
, letting the village be run under township jurisdiction until June 3, 1868 when the municipal government returned.
In 1985 Cuyahoga Falls merged with Northampton Township, the first merger of a city and township in Ohio.
Cuyahoga Falls had been founded as an industrial city, taking advantage of the river power. By the 1970s, though, it had become a residential community. This changed, though, when Don Robart became mayor. He had been in favor of the merger with Northampton Township because of the additional land that could be used for development. Parts of that area have since been used for industrial development. Commercial development has also picked up, especially on the Howe Avenue area at the southern border of the city.
The city had one professional sports team, the Cuyahoga Falls Cougars, of the International Basketball League (2005-). They moved to Akron in 2006.
The Cathedral of Tomorrow
, founded by televangelist Rex Humbard in 1958, is located in Cuyahoga Falls. It is now the headquarters of televangelist Ernest Angley and was renamed Grace Cathedral.
List your home on the MLS in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio


Figure 2-4
This illustration describes how data labels and user labels work together by showing two users attempting to access four labeled data rows. User 1 has a label HS:FIN:WR that allows her access to data row 2 (S:FIN:WR_SAL), data row 3 (U:FIN), and data row 4 (C:FIN:WR_SAL). User 2 has a data label S:FIN:WR_SAL that allows him to access data rows 2 (S:FIN:WR_SAL), 3 (U:FIN), and 4 (C:FIN:WR_SAL).


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Does Our Treatment Work?
Is There Scientific Evidence to Support the Treatment Delivered at the Austen Riggs Center?
A consistent and explicit psychodynamic framework guides the Austen Riggs Center's treatment approach. We integrate a range of interventions, including individual psychotherapy, psychopharmacology, family work, case management, nursing care, and a therapeutic milieu with groups and activities, into a structured treatment approach that offers enough built-in flexibility to meet varying needs while encouraging individual choice and self-expression. In addition, it allows patients to bring their troubled ways of relating, seeing, and interpreting the world to light in order to promote understanding, stimulate development, and encourage more adaptive ways of relating. Though this kind of holistic, integrative approach is widely viewed as clinically helpful – and even essential – when treating complex psychiatric patients, most research necessarily focuses more narrowly on separate techniques and modalities. However, there is ample relevant evidence for the efficacy of aspects of our treatment, broken down into specific topic areas detailed below.
- What Evidence is There to Support the Usefulness of Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic Treatment?
- Is There Specific Evidence to Support Using Psychodynamic Treatment in a Residential Setting Like Austen Riggs?
- Is There Evidence to Support the Emphasis on the Treatment Relationship at the Austen Riggs Center?
- Is There Scientific Evidence to Support the Underlying Principles That Guide Psychodynamic Psychotherapy Used at Austen Riggs?


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The Secret Teachings of Plants: The Intelligence of the Heart in the Direct Perception of Nature, Paperback
Reveals the use of direct perception in understanding Nature, medicinal plants, and the healing of human disease - Explores the techniques used by indigenous and Western peoples to learn directly from the plants themselves, including those of Henry D...
Cod: 772d1e5d-c77c-40b0-a115-d62f9cf25e78 / 162812
Disponibilitate: In stoc
Producator: Bear & Company
Reveals the use of direct perception in understanding Nature, medicinal plants, and the healing of human disease - Explores the techniques used by indigenous and Western peoples to learn directly from the plants themselves, including those of Henry David Thoreau, Goethe, and Masanobu Fukuoka, author of The One Straw Revolution - Contains leading-edge information on the heart as an organ of perception All ancient and indigenous peoples insisted their knowledge of plant medicines came from the plants themselves and not through trial-and-error experimentation. Less well known is that many Western peoples made this same assertion. There are, in fact, two modes of cognition available to all human beings--the brain-based linear and the heart-based holistic. The heart-centered mode of perception can be exceptionally accurate and detailed in its information gathering capacities if, as indigenous and ancient peoples asserted, the heart's ability as an organ of perception is developed. Author Stephen Harrod Buhner explores this second mode of perception in great detail through the work of numerous remarkable people, from Luther Burbank, who cultivated the majority of food plants we now take for granted, to the great German poet and scientist Goethe and his studies of the metamorphosis of plants. Buhner explores the commonalities among these individuals in their approach to learning from the plant world and outlines the specific steps involved. Readers will gain the tools necessary to gather information directly from the heart of Nature, to directly learn the medicinal uses of plants, to engage in diagnosis of disease, and to understand the soul-making process that such deep connection with the world engenders.
Produse din Categorie


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Folk Tales/Storytelling: Past and Present Project
Folk Tales/Storytelling: Past and Present is an iEARN project that aims to encourage students between the ages of five and eighteen to read folktales from their heritage and afterwards, have students of different cultures exchange stories with each other. This project makes sure to take full advantage of the technology available to them by sharing stories with the global community through Skype, the Collaboration Center, and digital media presentations as well as more traditional methods of storytelling such as simply sitting in a circle and listening to each other, drawings, and acting. Folk Tales/Storytelling hopes to engage students in exploring their own cultures and traditions while also learning about and understanding the cultures of others from around the world.
If you would like to learn more about this project, please visit: _URL_


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20/11/2007 · Ofdm Thesis PDF - Free download as..
This thesis focuses on single–user MIMO mode in 3GPP LTE downlink..
We first show that this energy-efficient resource allocation problem can be converted into a more tractable equivalent problem by which the fractional objective of energy efficiency is well settled. With the Lagrange dual method then, we decouple the RB assignment and power allocation on different subchannels using dual decomposition, which greatly simplifies the combinatorial RB assignment, and address the equivalent problem effectively via solving a series of dual optimization problems. Moreover, a computationally efficient but near-optimal algorithm is proposed to perform QoS-aware energy-efficient resource allocation in practice. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithm may not only improve energy efficiency significantly but fully satisfy users' rate requirements as well. Moreover, with MIMO-OFDMA and RB assignment being considered, the proposed algorithm may be more applicable in LTE systems than most existing schemes on energy-efficient resource allocation.
Performance of MIMO Aware RRM in Downlink OFDMA
Broadband mobile communication has enabled MIMO technology and OFDM technology to become the most promising research direction in the field of wireless mobile communication in the future. OFDMA technology growing up based on OFDM is a multiple-access technology, whose channel design will generate more influence for system capability. OFMDA technology can apply suitable channel design for bringing about high efficiency communication in allusion to different environment. And the channel could select or device a better estimator algorithm by algorithm t- heory to enhance communication reliability ().


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Refolding of denatured RNase A as a model of inclusion bodies was performed by reversed micelles formulated with sodium di-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate (AOT) in isooctane. In the novel refolding process, a solid-liquid extraction was utilized as an alternative to the ordinary protein extraction by reversed micelles based on a liquid-liquid extraction. First, the effects of operational parameters such as concentration of AOT, Wo (=[H2O]/[AOT]), and pH were examined on the solubilization of solid denatured proteins into a reversed micellar solution. The solubilization was facilitated by a high AOT concentration, a high Wo value, and a high pH in water pools. These conditions are favorable for the dispersion of the solid protein aggregates in an organic solvent. Second, the renaturation of the denatured RNase A solubilized into the reversed micellar solution was conducted by addition of glutathione as a redox reagent. A complete renaturation of RNase A was accomplished by adjusting the composition of the redox reagent even at a high protein concentration in which protein aggregation would usually occur in aqueous media. In addition, the renaturation rates were improved by optimizing water content (Wo) and the pH of water pools in reversed micelles. Finally, the recovery of renatured RNase A from the reversed micellar solution was performed by adding a polar organic solvent such as acetone into the reversed micellar solution. This precipitation method was effective for recovering proteins from reversed micellar media without any significant reduction in enzymatic activity.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes


Sustainable Lives: Consumption as Politics and Lifestyle
The Sustainable Lives Project is a multidisciplinary project that investigates the drivers of consumption choices, i.e. food choices, and the impact of changing discourses, norms and attitudes around food on actual patterns of food consumption. We ask: What drives food choices and how are they influenced by ideas and discourses related to more sustainable lifestyles?
The project assembles a rich and diverse set of pilot experiments to examine how society engages with food through the lens of sustainability. These explorations are spread across the fields of communication studies, linguistics, social geography, sociology and economics, with project partners within and outside the university in these areas. You can find an overview of all researchers working on the project and all external partners on the Center for a Sustainable University website.
We adopt a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach that looks at both, discourses about food and the everyday practices of food consumption. Researchers in the WISO lab analyze local, international, youth and online media outlets and conduct surveys and experiments.
Project coordinator: Fenja De Silva-Schmidt (Radhika Mittal from March 2018 to September 2019)


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European consumption experts today called for a new research policy on sustainable food consumption. Facing recent food crises around the globe, European food research should set new priorities, advocated researchers and policy makers from all over Europe. More than 100 experts have jointly developed a "Research Agenda for Sustainable Food Consumption in Europe", which sets the stage for pressing challenges to be addressed in coming years. Hot topics on the agenda include sustainable diets such as the reduction of meat consumption and animal-based products as well as sustainable food supply chains, e.g., strengthening local food systems. In light of the current hunger crisis in East Africa, reducing global food inequality gains a new and special significance.
"Going forward towards more sustainable food consumption requires a sound prioritisation of the relevant topics involved", states Gerd Scholl, scientist at the Berlin-based Institute for Ecological Economy Research (IÖW). "The new research agenda is the result of collaboration between food and consumption specialists from all over Europe. It offers a strategic and comprehensive approach for designing an innovative research policy in this domain."
The research agenda has been developed by the European consortium CORPUS, which connects researchers and policy makers from all over Europe, in order to work jointly on sustainable consumption policies. The agenda results from a series of three workshops addressing, amongst other topics, current food trends, policy instruments and future visions for sustainable food. "Such a close cooperation on this topic is unique", says Gerd Scholl. "The expertise of the different professionals involved gives weight to the topics listed in the common research agenda. We call on European research policy to further endorse strategic research on sustainable food consumption."
The consortium "CORPUS – Enhancing the connectivity between research and policy-making in sustainable consumption" is funded within the EU Seventh Framework programme. It aims to experiment with, and develop, new integrative modalities of knowledge brokerage on sustainable consumption policies. In addition to sustainable food, the consortium addresses the domains of sustainable mobility and sustainable housing. The website _URL_ has been established as a platform for knowledge exchange and professional networking. The documentation of the food workshop series is available at: _URL_
Further information on the CORPUS Food Group:


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Before a single barrel of crude oil is shipped to an awaiting ship at Saudi Aramco's terminal in Ras Tanura, operators must certify the purity of the crude oil in their tanks. A new technology, called ground level optical water cut (GLOW), allows to check the water content of a crude oil shipment in a safe and timely manner.
Traditional methods used by the industry for verifying the water content of crude oil have not changed much over the decades. In most oil terminals around the world, an operator is sent to the top of a crude oil tank to lower a depth gauge coated with chemicals that identify how much water rests. Strong winds or rains have been a constant challenge, preventing operators from the risk of climbing tanks for hours or even days — a costly delay for both the company and its customers.
The GLOW innovation allows operators to verify the water content of a crude oil shipment in a safe and timely manner, without putting operators at risk. It utilizes an optical glass and a series of pipes in a closed looping system, extended into the tank. The system provides the same accuracy with much less risk of exposure to heights and toxic gases. This will reduce the total man-hours by more than 80% over the conventional method.
Safety as an inspiration
"The main reason for this technology is safety for the operator," said Shaker M. Al Mahrous, manager of Saudi Aramco's Terminal Operations. "The GLOW device will disrupt the conventional way of performing water cut activity and will reset the industrial standards. This solution eliminates the main cause of incidents in the industry, which is falling from heights.
"And yet, this solution still allows us to provide the verification that our customers need. GLOW allows us to see what water is in the tank in an instant, without the risk to our personnel," he added.
Developed and tested entirely within the company by Fahad S. Alnamasi, an engineer, the genius of the GLOW solution is its simplicity. A series of seven pipes are installed in seven different elevations from the bottom of the tank. When the operator needs to know the water content, he just needs to open a valve to let the fluid from a certain pipe flow into the header where the contents can be viewed through an optical glass.
"I wanted to make the innovation as simple as possible because the cost is cheap," said Alnamasi. "The sight glass is $1,000. If you include the pipes, the total cost is about $5,000. This compares with millions for higher technology solutions. A small investment with huge returns; enhancing safety, avoiding ships delays, improving quality, and saving costs."


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Growth and Inspiration through Volunteering and Education (GIVE), is a community organization founded in 2010 and run by high school students. GIVE was inspired by the need for civic engagement and the desire to improve our local community. We seek to invest in the next generation by striving to provide opportunities to those who seek them in the fields of education, empowerment, and leadership. We especially emphasize the importance of learning and promote an enthusiastic attitude towards it. Through our multiple programs, we serve as mentors to younger children, provide resources to underprivileged students, and attempt to leave our mark on the next generation through our efforts.
The mission of GIVE (Growth and Inspiration through Volunteering and Education) is to promote the leadership of youth through projects that will improve the quality of life in their communities.
GIVE's Founders and Board of Directors
After 8 years, over 5000 students and volunteers impacted and 20 tutoring centers
GIVE's Community Engagement Projects
1. Free tutoring program
2. Children's book publication
3. Test-prep book collection program
4. Fairfax County RecQuest Summer Program: STEM initiative
5. Backpack drive in collaboration with Collect for Kids


Dangerous Minds: What is the Prize?
00:02 - 01:32
1m 30s
A student in Louanne Johnson's class asks her what the prize is for reading poems. She states that learning is the prize and explains to her students how learning will benefit them in their lives. Her explanation encourages her students to better themselves.
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Welcome to the Bamberton Historical Society
Video #1 Introduction
Video #2 Ideas for making figures
Video #3 Construct a figure
Bamberton Museum & Bus Tours
Step back in time to the early 1900s and relive life at Bamberton, one of the most important industrial sites in BC's history.
Bambertonís Mystery History
This site traces the history of the cement industry at Bamberton, located on Vancouver Island, British Columbia. An industry that changed and shaped the skyline of BC's cities, the shoreline of its harbours, and even the flow of its rivers with the millions of tons of cement that poured forth from the Bamberton plant. It illustrates the strong role the company played in the lives of the thousands of workers and their families who lived in the village over the years. People whose lives were shaped by the fortunes of the cement industry from 1904 to 1982.
Using photos, maps, actual memories and informative text we hope to acquaint the viewer with the compelling story of Bamberton, a community that went from "Dust to Bust".
DUST TO BUST AND BACK
The history of Bamberton - first time in print! Order your copy using this form.


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Memories of the Golden Age of American Space Flight (Mercury, Gemini, Apollo, Skylab) - Oral Histories of Managers, Engineers, and Workers (Set 4) - Including Sjoberg, Wendt, and Yardley by Progressive Management
Price: $9.99 USD. 338140 words.
Language: English. Published on August 9, 2012. Nonfiction » Engineering, trades, and technology » Aeronautics & Astronautics.
The fascinating oral histories of a fourth set of thirteen pioneers of the "golden age" of American manned spaceflight (Mercury, Gemini, Apollo, and Skylab)- converted for accurate flowing-text ebook format reproduction - provide new insights into this extraordinary effort, with vital observations about an era of space history that changed the world.


. Have it start the AssignToRoleForm and call the NewHandler. Mark the menu as both a Single Selection Action and a Multi Selection Action. Change the execAction as follows:
protected void execAction() throws ProcessingException {
 AssignToRoleForm form = new AssignToRoleForm();
 if (form.isFormStored()) {
Ideally, this is what it will look like:
Minicrm Assign To Role.png
Select all the permissions and assign them to the Standard role.
Here's what you should get:
Minicrm Role With Permissions.png
Removing Permissions
Create a new permission called RemoveAssignToRolePermission (in the shared section) with super class BasicPermission.
Create a new operation void remove (Long roleNr, String[] permission) for AssignToRoleProcessService.
public void remove(Long roleNr, String[] permission) throws ProcessingException {
 if (!ACCESS.check(new RemoveAssignToRolePermission())) {
 throw new VetoException(TEXTS.get("AuthorizationFailed"));
 SQL.insert("" +
 "WHERE ROLE_NR = :role " +
 "AND PERMISSION_NAME = :{permission} "
 , new NVPair("roleNr", roleNr)
 , new NVPair("permission", permission));
SQL statements and collections: In this particular case, we could have skipped the braces and written AND PERMISSION_NAME = :permission. That's because the framework will detect that :permission refers to something with multiple values and will rewrite the statement by inserting ANY IN (...)! The result will be AND PERMISSION_NAME = ANY ('FooPermission', 'BarPermission').
Create a new RemovePermissionFromRoleMenu for the PermissionTablePage.
protected void execAction() throws ProcessingException {
 SERVICES.getService(IAssignToRoleProcessService.class).remove(getRoleNr(), getTable().getPermissionColumn().getSelectedValues());
Make it visible only when permissions below a role are shown using execPrepareAction:
protected void execPrepareAction() throws ProcessingException {
 if (getRoleNr() == null) setVisible(false);
Missing Pieces
Things you can add to practice:
 1. a form to create, modify and remove roles
 2. make sure menus that will result in "permission denied" errors are invisible
 3. make table pages invisible that display information you are not allowed to read
Before you continue: make sure the administrator has the username "admin" and the administrator role. Make sure the administrator role has been assigned all permissions. Once we're done here you can lock yourself out of the application. If that happens, you will have to fix the permissions on the database.
Identifying Users
To get an idea of what goes on, find the ServerSession and change execLoadSession as follows:
protected void execLoadSession() throws ProcessingException{
 logger.warn("created a new session for "+getUserId());
When you start a new client, you'll see:
!MESSAGE created a new session for anonymous
What user id? This is handled by security filters. Go to the config file of your server product (/ You'll see that the AnonymousSecurityFilter is active. IT provides the user id "anonymous".
Change the config.ini as follows:
### Servlet Filter Runtime Configuration Development\=manager,allen\=allen,blake\=blake
Restart server and client.
You will be greeted with a login box! Provide one of the combinations from the config file. Username admin password manager for example.
The server log will show:
!MESSAGE created a new session for admin
In order to deny access to unknown people, change execLoadSession as follows:
protected void execLoadSession() throws ProcessingException {
 SQL.selectInto("" +
 "FROM PERSON " +
 "WHERE UPPER(USERNAME) = UPPER(:userId) " +
 "INTO :personNr ");
 if (getPersonNr() == null) {
 logger.error("attempted login by " + getUserId());
 throw new ProcessingException("Unknown User: " + getUserId(), new SecurityException("access denied"));
 }"created a new session for " + getUserId());
Now you can attempt to login with a valid username/password combination and the system will check whether a person actually uses the usernames provided. By default, the three users in the demo database match the usernames in the config file. You need to add more combinations to the config file in order to test it.
Granting Permissions to Users
Find the AccessControlService class and take a look at the execLoadPermissions method:
protected Permissions execLoadPermissions() {
 Permissions permissions = new Permissions();
 //TODO fill access control service
 permissions.add(new AllPermission());
 return permissions;
This grants every user all permissions. We need to replace this with something based on database. The following example even has a backdoor for the user with id 1!
protected Permissions execLoadPermissions() {
 Permissions permissions = new Permissions();
 // calling services is free
 // backdoor: the first user may do everything?
 if (ServerSession.get().getPersonNr().equals(1L)) {
 logger.warn("backdoor used: person nr 1 was granted all permissions");
 permissions.add(new AllPermission());
 else {
 try {
 // get simple class names from the databse
 StringArrayHolder permission = new StringArrayHolder();
 SQL.selectInto("" +
 "WHERE R.USER_NR = :personNr " +
 "INTO :permission ",
 new NVPair("permission", permission));
 // create a map from simple class names to qualified class names
 for (BundleClassDescriptor descriptor : SERVICES.getService(IPermissionService.class).getAllPermissionClasses()) {
 map.put(descriptor.getSimpleClassName(), descriptor.getClassName());
 // instantiate the real permissions and assign them
 for (String simpleClass : permission.getValue()) {
 try {
 permissions.add((Permission) Class.forName(map.get(simpleClass)).newInstance());
 catch (Exception e) {
 logger.error("cannot find permission " + simpleClass + ": " + e.getMessage());
 catch (ProcessingException e) {
 logger.error("cannot read permissions: " + e.getStackTrace());
 return permissions;
If you log in, you'll notice a strange warning on the server console:
... cannot find permission CreateVisitPermission: null
... cannot find permission ReadVisitPermission: null
... cannot find permission UpdateVisitPermission: null
If you investigate the demo database, you'll note data junk in ROLE_PERMISSION and USER_ROLE for the non-existent roles 5 to 13.
If you really want to clean it up:
DELETE FROM minicrm.role_permission WHERE role_nr > 2;
DELETE FROM minicrm.user_role WHERE role_nr > 2;
As permissions are granted when the server is started, you need to restart your client and server in order for any changes to take effect.
In order to change that, you need to clear the cache whenever you make any changes. Add the following statement to all the operations of the AssignToRoleProcessService:
Add the following to the store operation of the PersonProcessService (there is no need to do it for create since there is no cached data to clear).
This will obviate the need to restart the server whenever permissions have changed.
 1. make sure the administrator has the administrator role
 2. make sure the administrator role has all permissions
 3. make sure the administrator has the username "admin"
 4. make sure the employee has the standard role
 5. make sure the standard role only has the two "read" permissions
 6. make sure the employee has the username "blake"
 7. restart client and server
 8. login as blake/blake
 9. you should be unable to create new companies and persons or and unable to edit existing ones
Minicrm Company Not Editable.png


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What is difference between NSE and BSE
BSE = Bombay Stock Exchange (Mumbai)
Lets discuss more about the difference between NSE and BSE.
Bombay Stock Exchange Limited is the oldest stock exchange in Asia with a rich heritage. Popularly known as BSE, it was established as The Native Share & Stock Brokers Association in 1875. It was the first stock exchange in the country to obtain permanent recognition in 1956 from the Government of India under the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956
The National Stock Exchange of India was promoted by leading financial institutions at the behest of the Government of India, and was incorporated in November 1992 as a tax-paying company. In April 1993, it was recognized as a stock ex...more


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Country/Date of Origin: England/1500s
There are two sizes of the Manchester Terrier, the standard and the toy. Both spring from the same stock, one of the oldest strains of British terrier. In the Manchester district of England the breed was developed for "poor man's sports": rat killing and rabbit coursing. Judicious crossings of the now extinct Black and Tan Terrier and Whippets gave the Manchester what was wanted in a rat and rabbit dog: the fire and courage of the terrier and the speed of the little greyhounds. In 1923 the American Kennel Club adopted the name of Manchester Terrier. Until 1959 the toy and the standard were registered as two separate breeds although interbreeding between the two breeds was permitted. Since that date they have been registered as a single breed with two varieties. A single litter may have both varieties; those under 12 pounds being shown as toys and the larger ones as standards.


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ApiEST-DB - Apicomplexan EST Database ApiDots (formerly ApiESTDB) is a database integrating mRNA/EST sequences from numerous Apicomplexan parasites. ESTs and mRNAs were clustered and further assembled to generate consensus sequences. These consensus sequences were then subjected to database searches against protein sequences and protein domain sequences. The underlying relational structure of this database allows researchers to analyze these data and pose biologically interesting questions.
Description :
Comparasite is a database for comparative studies of transcriptomes of parasites, which are defined by the full-length cDNAs from various apicomplexan parasites. It integrates seven individual databases consisting of numerous full-length cDNA clones that we have produced and sequenced: 12 484 cDNA sequences from Plasmodium.falciparum, 11 262 from P. yoelii, 9 633 from P. vivax; 1 518 from P. berghei, 7 400 from Toxoplasma gondii, 5 921 from Cryptosporidium parvum, and 10 966 from the tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis. Putatively counterpart gene groups are clustered and comparative analysis of any combination of six apicomplexa species is implemented, such as interspecies comparisons regarding protein motifs (InterPro), predicted subcellular localization signals (PSORT), transmembrane regions (SOSUI), or upstream promoter elements. By specifying keywords and other search conditions, Comparasite retrieves putative counterpart gene groups containing a given feature in common or in a species-specific manner. By enabling multi-faceted comparative analyses of genes of apicomplexa protozoa, monophyletic organisms that have evolved to diversify to parasitize various hosts by adopting complex life cycles, Comparasite should help elucidate the mechanism behind parasitism. Our full-length cDNA databases and Comparasite are accessible from


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Aromatase inhibitor (AI)-associated arthralgia limits adherence to therapy in breast cancer. The pathophysiology may involve vitamin D status. We wished to establish the optimal concentration of 25(OH)D that prevents or minimizes arthralgia. We used a prospective cohort of 290 women starting AI in whom baseline vitamin D was measured. All received daily vitamin D(3) (800 IU) with calcium. Women with baseline 25(OH)D concentration <30 ng/ml also received 16,000 IU of D(3) orally every 2 weeks. The primary outcome was incident or worsening joint pain derived from baseline and 3-month visual analogic scale (VAS) for joint pain. Regression models were used to analyse the association between vitamin D concentrations at 3 months and pain adjusting for age, BMI, season when the sample was drawn, aromatase inhibitor (exemestane vs. letrozole/anastrozole), prior tamoxifen therapy, baseline NTX, and previous fracture. 90% of women had a 25(OH)D <30 ng/ml at baseline. After supplementation (daily 800 IU and additional 16,000 IU every 2 weeks), 50% of them still failed to reach adequate concentrations at 3 months. In the whole cohort, there was an increase in joint pain (mean 1.16 points SD 2.66; P < 0.001) and the increase was significantly (P = 0.02) attenuated in those that reached concentrations of 25(OH)D of ≥40 ng/ml, with a lower risk of incident arthralgia (OR 0.12 ** [0.03 to 0.40]). A target concentration of 40 ng/ml 25OHD may prevent development of AI arthralgia but higher loading doses are required to attain this level in women with deficiency at baseline.
Original publication
Journal article
Breast Cancer Res Treat
Publication Date
869 - 878
Aged, Aromatase Inhibitors, Arthralgia, Bone Density, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Models, Statistical, Prospective Studies, Spine, Treatment Outcome, Vitamin D


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In Java instance variables can be initialized by an initialization block as shown below:
class Example {
 private int varOne;
 private int varTwo;
 // Instance Initializer
 varOne = 42;
 varTwo = 256;
Is there an equivalent construct in C#?
[Edit] I know that this can be inline with the instance variable declaration. However, I am looking for is something similar to the static constructor in C# but for instance variables.
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Point of pedantry: instance initialiser blocks and instance field initialisation are executed by the constructor immediately after calling super. – Tom Hawtin - tackline Mar 28 '09 at 13:05
_USER_ - You are right about the calling order. The source code comment is removed. – maxyfc Mar 28 '09 at 13:16
Why not just make it a method and call it from the constructor, if that is what happening behind the scene anyway? – toxvaerd Mar 28 '09 at 13:19
_USER_ - Sometimes we can't create constructors (e.g. anonymous class in Java). But, I think you can use different constructs like delegates in C# to do what anonymous classes are used for in Java (e.g. GUI event handlers). Just wondering if there is an equivalent construct. – maxyfc Mar 28 '09 at 13:35
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up vote 5 down vote accepted
There really is no equivalent in C#. C# has only 2 ways to initialize instance varibles
 1. In the constructor
 2. By explicitly initializing the variable at it's declaration point
There is no way to do an initialization after the object is created but before the constructor runs.
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Create an instance constructor that any other local constructor will call in the initialization list:
private Example ()
 //initialize all fields here
public Example (/*list of parameters*/) : this()
 //do specific work here
If the default constructor is already required by the logic of the application, then susbstitute
private Example ()
private Example (object dummy)
and, of course, accordingly modify the initilization call.
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unfortunately that doesn't let you have multiple instance initializer blocks... but for the common case would be reasonable. – TofuBeer Mar 28 '09 at 16:34
Curious - what is TofuBeer? and also, why would you want multiple instance initializer blocks? For the latter - it seems it would lead to confusion with blocks scattered throughout the class code, separate from constructors and separate from the member decls. – Cheeso Mar 28 '09 at 22:26
a concrerte example - there is a private readonly field I need to initialize based on some class methods that are unavailable at the static initialization. – Roland Tepp Feb 10 '11 at 8:59
In Java (static/instance) initialization block is usually (!) used in conjunction with static/instance variables that need some sort of special initialization incantation. Using initializer blocks allows you to keep the initialization code close to the fields being initialized this way, thus lessening the cognitive distance between declaring something and setting up it's value. It's not perfect, but sometimes necessary – Roland Tepp Feb 10 '11 at 9:03
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A psycholinguistic analysis on a dyslexic character in the novel "Fish in a Tree" by Lynda Mullaly Hunt Asmah Dien Amaliah Primary Author mixed material bibliography Makassar Fak. Adab & Humaniora UIN Alauddin 2020 continuing Weekly en English
xi, 72 hlm.: 21cm.
the result of this research showed that; 1) the symptoms of dyslexia portrayed in the main character of the novel includes reading difficulty, writing difficulty and spelling difficulty. Basides, the researcher also found that the dyslexic character also showed strength in cognitive are such as critical thinking, good comprehension, good observation, and good at arts. 2) in the process of overcoming the dyslexia, the character used several learning method which are multisensory method, structured method, sequence method, over-learning method, playing chess and motivation. BSI 2020 _PHONE_-23 10:16:06 2021-02-23 10:16:06 machine generated


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I want to transfer some data from one ASP.NET (WebForms) application to another, edit: where the first application redirects to the second. The two applications run in a load-balanced environment, so don't necessarily execute on the same server machine. We are talking about an XML blob in the size range a few hundred to maybe a thousand bytes, so it's a bit long for encoding and tacking it into the URL query-string. The user must also not be able to muck with this data (it's not security-critical currently, but exposing it to the user still seems like a bad idea).
Any suggestions on how to do it?
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I don't know all the details of your situation, but there are a few ways you could do this.
 1. You could insert the XML blob into a database from one site and retrieve it from the database from the other site.
 2. You could post your XML blob from one application to a receiver page in the other application which would then read the XML from the request.
 3. You could create a webservice in the second application with a method to receive the XML blob from the fist application.
 4. You could write the XML to file in one application and read it from file in the second application.
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#4 is definitely out because of the load balancing as well as usage (way too high risk of race conditions). – Michael Kjörling Mar 9 '12 at 13:22
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Just a quick idea off the top of my head...
If the data is entirely specific to the current user's session, and the two sites are running on the same domain.
 1. Generate a key for the client - something that is going to be reasonably unique, for instance something like md5(some guid + some header from the user's browser)
 2. Store the information in a key value store/database table, with the generated key from 1 as the key.
 3. Set the key as a cookie to the client.
This way you avoid ever sending the data to the client, and the 'key' should be random enough that it will be very hard to guess. If you also store the header and the GUID that you use to generate/salt the hash, you can then validate the key from the user's cookie against the headers sent in the request and deny access if all the details don't match up. This also has the benefit that you can store as much data as you can realistically cope with on the server side.
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You will probably want to look into either or.NET Web Sevices or WCF (Windows Communication Foundation).
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Store it in an encrypted cookie, You'll only add 1Kb to each request/response.
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OP says 'The user must also not be able to muck with this data'. Sticking it in a cookie would allow access to the data using Firebug etc. – mdm Mar 9 '12 at 13:32
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Maybe like a SSO or something like that.
In a database, a table with those columns:
Guid (Guid.NewGuid())
(maybe other columns like the user id...for security log)
The first webapp send the Guid through the URL. The second retrieve the Content in the database.
The date can be used to validate the data: you can only access to the content within X seconds.
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Should be fairly easy using cross site requests.
The first application should just return a page containing a form with the Action parameter pointing to the other application's url. The page should also contain a small javascript to postback the form as soon as the page is loaded. The body of the page contains the data you want to pass between servers.
This way you are using client's browser to do the job for you. Because page's body can be much longer than uri/cookie, this approach should work for you.
Note, that this is completely legal and at least few passive authentication protocols rely on such possibility.
Edit: The integrity of the data is achieved with cryptography. The data can be signed (the simplest approach) or encrypted+signed (which not only prevents users from modyfing the data but also from seeing the content).
Also note that if you don't have to involve client browser, you can use any communication protocol to pass the data directly between servers (TCP, HTTP).
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How would you stop a malicious user from seeing the data, if it is sent to the browser? – mdm Mar 9 '12 at 13:34
You can encrypt it or even sign it to validate at the receiver side. – Wiktor Zychla Mar 9 '12 at 14:22
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up vote 0 down vote accepted
Thanks to all who responded! In talking this over with some other people at the office, in the end we decided that, since the data is actually made available by yet another web application, both of the applications that make use of the data will simply make a call to the third to get the data. The downside to that approach is the small amount of time it takes to make that call twice; the upside is that it virtually ensures that the two applications always have up-to-date data, and even a naïve implementation makes it very difficult for the end user to do anything with the data.
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text: This paper is concerned with a slope stability appraisal of the proposed open cut mining operations in the Thar lignite field in Sindh, Pakistan. The Thar coalfield covers an area of approximately 9 000 km2 and is estimated to contain 193 billion tonnes of lignite resources. The design of safe high wall slopes is necessary to ensure mine safety and overall economical viability of the mining operations. In the Thar lignite field, the presence of three main aquifers induces pore pressure in the rock mass surrounding the lignite seams and makes high wall slopes potentially unsafe. It is, therefore, necessary to dewater the rock mass before commencing mining excavations. A proposed mine dewatering scheme to facilitate rock mass dewatering surrounding the mining excavations and a description of the slope stability analysis of the high wall using the software "SLIDE" version 5 is outlined. Three computer models with slope angles of 28o, 29o and 30o, incorporating a plane failure mode, were analyzed to investigate the stability of pit slopes. The generalized stratigraphy of borehole RE-25 has been used for the development of the computer models. The main conclusions of this study are that the slope angle of 28o is quite acceptable for a Stability Factor (SF) ≤ 1.3 whereas the excavated slopes with slope angles ≥ 29o are not safe against the plane failure for SF>1.3. This assessment was followed by a slope stability analysis incorporating circular failure modes. Five models incorporating various slope angles ranging from 23o to 27o and one model incorporating combined slope angles of 23o in dune sand and 26o in the rest of the strata were developed and analysed. The main conclusions from this study are that the dune sand layer (having a thickness of 48 m) is acceptable for a SF of 1.3 at slope angle ≤ 23o, while the rest of the strata is acceptable for SF=1.3 at slope angles ≤ 26o. The overburden to lignite extraction ratio for this slope design has been calculated as 3:1 or 3 m3 of overburden over 1 t of lignite.


text:
|New record prime: 274,207,281-1 with 22,338,618 digits by Cooper, Woltman, Kurowski, Blosser & GIMPS (7 Jan 2016).|
[See also: Where is the next Mersenne prime? ]
Let Mn be the nth Mersenne prime. Take a careful look at the graph of log2(log2(Mn)) versus n. (That is, the logarithm base two of the logarithm base two of the nth Mersenne.)
One can not miss that this graph is amazingly linear. Erhardt (and many others after him) looked at the limited data and guessed that the geometric mean of the ratio of two successive Mersenne exponents 3/2.
Some time later Pomerance and Lenstra each (independently) [Pomerance81, p. 101] suggested this should be 2 raised to 1/egamma or about 1.47576, not 3/2, where gamma is Euler's constant gamma. This is now the accepted value, but why? Below we will answer this question using a simple heuristic argument. This means we try to make it seem plausible (and eventually hope for a proof someday).
If you are in a rush, then let me simply follow Ribenboim [Ribenboim95] and state the factor egamma comes by analogy from Mertens' theorem. But if you have time, take a sip of coffee and join us for a little mathematics.
Heuristic Derivation of this Mersenne ConjectureWe will argue for Lenstra and Pomerance's conjecture in the form given in 1983 by Wagstaff [Wagstaff83] (though we do not follow his reasoning here):
The probability that 2k-1 is prime
As our first step in estimating the probability that 2k-1 is prime, we recall that for 2k-1 to be prime, k must be prime (proof). Next, by prime number theorem the probability that a random positive integer k is prime is (asymptotic to) 1/log(k) (where log x is the natural logarithm). For the next step we will assume this is the case: that k is prime.
Next, we might want to again use the prime number theorem to guess that the probability that 2k-1 is prime, is 1/log(2k-1), or about 1/(k log 2); but 2k-1 does not behave like a "random number." For example, 2k-1 can only be divisible by primes of the form 2mk+1 for certain integers m (proof). So we will need to adjust the estimate of probability we get from the prime number theorem as follows.
Since 2k-1 can not be even--we multiply our estimate of the primality probability by 2 (since 2 divides 1/2 of the integers). Similarly, unless k is 2, 2k-1 can not be divisible by 3, so we multiply our estimate of the primality probability by 3/2=1/(1-1/3) (since 3 divides 1/3rd of the integers). In fact, for each prime q less than 2k+1 we must multiply our estimate by q/(q-1) = 1/(1-1/q). So we now guess that the probability that 2k-1 is prime (for a given prime q) is about
1/(k log 2). 2/1. 3/2. 5/4..... q/(q-1)where q is the largest prime less than 2k. This product can be estimated using Mertens' theorem to be
egamma. log(2k)/(k log 2)where as above gamma is Euler's constant.
"But wait" you might say, "you have log(2k), but Wagstaff says log(ak) where a varies." Then I'd be forced to admit I omitted something else we know about the divisors of Mersenne numbers: they are always congruent to +/-1 modulo 8. When k is 3 modulo 4, this means m must be 0 or 3 modulo 4, so the smallest such prime is at least 6k+1 and we must replace the 2k in our argument above with 6k, just as Wagstaff says. When k is 1 modulo 4, m may be 1, so we can stick with the 2k above in this case. This completes the derivation of Wagstaff's third conclusion.
Toward a combined estimate
Let's go one step further and combine our two probability estimates: the probability k is prime and the probability the resulting 2k-1 is prime. We then get the probability that 2k-1 is prime (for a random positive integer k) to be
egamma. log(ak)/(k log 2. log k)(with a=2 or 6 as above). For large k (and indeed the "average" integer is large), log(ak)=log a + log k is very close (asymptotically) to just log k, so our probability estimate simplifies to
egamma/(k log 2).Next we will use this heuristic estimate to derive the first of Wagstaff's three conclusions.
The number of Mersennes less than xSo, how many Mersenne primes 2k-1 do we expect with 1 < k < n? We can find this by adding the probabilities for k=1, 2, 3,... up to n. The easiest way to approximate this sum would be to integrate. This gives us
approximately egamma log n / log 2 Mersenne primes 2k-1 with 1 < k < n.Now let's rephrase this. If we wish to restrict the size of n so that 2k-1 < x, then we must stop with n log 2 near log x, hence log n near log log x. So we have
approximately egamma log log x / log 2 Mersenne primes less than x.This is the first of Wagstaff's conclusions (from which the second follows trivially).
Note: The above is definitely not the argument you find in Wagstaff's article, but I think it is easier to follow and generalizes smoothly to many other forms.
Another prime page by Chris K. Caldwell


University of Cambridge > Talks.cam > Microsoft Research Cambridge, public talks > Human Computing and Crowdsourcing in Search
Human Computing and Crowdsourcing in Search
Human Computation is an emerging paradigm that organizes human efforts to carry out a computation or task that computers cannot do well, like detecting objects in videos. In this paradigm, humans become a type of processing unit and crowdsourcing serves as a tool for distributing computations to humans. In recent years, crowdsourcing has been popularized by commercial crowdsourcing platforms like Amazon's Mechanical Turk and has reached an industrial scale, involving millions of Internet users who offer the human processing power. However, unlike CPUs, humans are, well, humans and are influenced by a great many things, including their own motives and aspects of the computation task.
In this lecture we use the evaluation of search engines as a context for studying various aspects of crowdsourcing. In order to measure the performance of a search engine human assessments of search results are needed. Since online search engines involve millions of queries a day and at least 10 times as many retrieved documents, such a task seems like a perfect match for human computing. However, there are many issues to consider, as we will show through a number of experiments conducted using Amazon's Mechanical Turk.
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Everyone knows that the humidity in the jungle is higher than in the desert. But how much exactly? How much does it fluctuate from morning to evening? How can you regulate it? These questions are important and need to be clarified for each species.
Humidity in rainforest terrariums
With rainforest animals it's no use simply building an irrigation system in your terrarium to permanently achieve 100% humidity! Our measurements during the JBL Amazon Expedition showed that during the day, the humidity dropped to 58% with increasing temperature (12:00 noon) and increased to a maximum of 92% early in the morning (2:00 - 6:00). Our measurements in Venezuela at the Orinoco showed the same trend, albeit with slightly different values: highest humidity of 96% at 6:30 in the morning and lowest humidity of 65% at 13:30 in the afternoon.
In the rainforest terrarium, water sections or a waterfall increase the humidity. The monitoring of the relative humidity and air temperature can, for example, be carried out with the JBL TerraControl.
If the humidity you achieve is not sufficient, an additional spraying with water in the evening or a sprinkler system is advisable.
Humidity in desert terrariums
As in the rainforest, the humidity decreases during the day as the air temperature increases and increases at night with decreasing air temperatures, whether in the Australian outback or in African deserts at about 20% at noon and 80% at night.
Remarkably, there are huge differences within the same region, e.g. in Tanzania/near Mount Meru: Only a few miles apart, we simultaneously found 42 °C with 16 % relative humidity and 34 °C with 44 % humidity at the same time. When aiming to keep the conditions of your terrarium animals close to nature not only the region (e.g. Arusha) but also the microhabitat (steppe, savanna, bush, height above sea level, rainforest, etc.) is important. Equally noteworthy are the differences between day and night: from a day's maximum value of 34 °C with 44 % relative humidity, the values drop at night to 18 °C at 83 % relative humidity. These conditions should also be reproduced for a species-appropriate animal keeping.
Since the humidity is so important for a lot of animal species, e.g. when shedding skin, it also needs to be properly adjusted in the terrarium. And because many desert terrariums contain at least two climatic zones (sun area and cooling area), separate measurements are also needed from both areas. During the day the humidity values should be between 20 and 40%. At night, it might be between 50 and 70%. It is possible to adjust the moisture slightly with the help of a water bowl. The warmer the bowl, the more water evaporates and increases the humidity. In addition, some fine, light spraying may be helpful. Never aim directly at the animals when spraying!
Adding plants to your desert terrarium will increase the humidity as well. The soil introduced stores moisture and the plants also transpire and release water into the air via their stomata.
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NHibernate Caching: The Secong Level Cache Space Is Shared!
time to read 3 min | 439 words
Let us assume that you have an architecture that demands that you'll have a database per client (quite common, by my experiance), but the application layers are the same. This is usually done for reasons of security and/or scalability. So there is no way a client can get information for another client.
This is fairly simple to handle with NHibernate, you just create a session factory per each client. This is actually an advantage, since you can start playing with the implementations of the classes for each client. (Yes, you are reading me correctly. In this case, it possible to turn NHibernate into an Inversion Of Control container).
The issue turns up when you have caching turned on. Assuming you have an entity of the same type with the same identifier in two of the databases, you may very will mix the data when it is cached. NHibernate maintain a single second level cache per session factory, so you are supposed to be safe from this. The problem is that the cache space is shared (and it has to be shared).
Let us take an example of an Employee object with id of #5, which exist in both IniTech and Fuzbar databases. When the employee instnace is loaded and put in the cache, the cache key that is used looks something like: "NHibernate:Entities.EmployeeManagement.Employee:5@5". Now, when we try to load an employee from the second database, we first lookup in the cache, finding that there is an instance there, because the cache keys matches.
This is happening because the cache space (so to speak) is the same space for all the caching strategies. For SysCache, it is the ASP.Net cache that is used for the cache space. For distributed caching, Memcached is used. In both cases, if the same cache key is generated, the information will be returned even if the key was actually inserted by another session factory.
In this sceanrio, I solved the issue by modifying the SysCacheProvider to be aware of the current database, and insert the current database name to the cache key. This solved all the issues in one stroke.
The JIRA issue for this is here. I was surprised to learn that I was the first to encounter this, and in the comments to the JIRA issue, I found that indeed I wasn't the first. :-)
The issue is solve by specifying cache region prefix in the session factory configuration, but the functionality wasn't ported to NHibernate yet.


text:
The main process of rubber seal strip includes three parts: rubber refining, extrusion vulcanization and post-processing.
1, in the rubber refining process, through the computer strict control of various raw material formula and temperature, pressure, time and other processing conditions.Prepare granular or banded blends.PVC and TPE sealing strip can be directly selected for the appropriate particle material directly for extrusion processing.
2, the rubber seal strip in the actual production, generally put the extrusion and vulcanization process together.In the process of extrusion sulfide, all kinds of granulated or ribbon mixing rubber and skeleton materials together by extruder die compound extrusion, and the high temperature vulcanization, in this process, mouth mold design and manufacturing and sulfide, conditions for the product performance and quality plays a key role, if the mouth not ignored cause sealing strip in the extrusion die design
The fluctuation of pressure and section and the dead Angle of the flow passage will lead to the defects such as the scorch of the rubber and the poor bonding of the materials through different flow passage.Using computer software to simulate flow state and digital die technology can improve die quality and shorten die design and manufacturing cycle.Both oversulfur and undersulfur will have an adverse effect on product quality.In terms of vulcanization process, salt bath vulcanization is rarely used because it is easy to produce environmental pollution.
Most factories use microwave and hot air combined heating, through computer control of the temperature, speed, pressure at each point of the production line, can ensure the ideal vulcanization conditions and extrusion quality.According to the different parts of sealing strip installation, some sealing strips need to be flocking on the surface, spraying and in the sealing strip clamping parts add adhesive, these processes can be completed online through special devices.
PVC and TPE seal strips do not need to be vulcanized, and other processes are similar to the extrusion of rubber seal strips.
3. The post-processing process can be divided into three main processes: cutting, molding (joint, joint Angle) and post-processing.In the cutting process, the sealing strip needs to be processed to the required shape and size. In order to ensure its good machining accuracy and interchangeability, the use of multi-station joint processing equipment can achieve relatively satisfactory results.In the molding process.To ensure accurate shape, injection vulcanization molding is usually used
Method.In recent years, more and more whole cars adopt combined-type sealing strip, and compound several sections of sealing strip together.The post-processing process is developing in the direction of combination and modularization.
The post-processing process includes linings and spraying, the installation of fixed sealing strip pins and double-sided tape and fine trimming of the edge work, for some high-end cars, in the post-processing implanted sensor, when the stress reaches a certain value to send a signal, can control the work of the car window elevator motor, and has the function of preventing clamping injury.For mass production of products, the application of assembly line and robot in post-processing process is the development trend.