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Hospital Liens
Q1. What is a Notice of Lien?
A1. A Notice of Lien is filed to create a public record of a claim against property. The claim arises from a service that was provided, a security interest, or a court order. A hospital lien is a type of Notice of Lien.
Q2. What is a hospital lien?
A2. A hospital lien is a lien filed by a hospital for all reasonable and necessary charges for care. Hospital liens are connected to the care of a person who was injured by the negligent or wrongful acts of another person.
Q3. Can I file a hospital lien?
A3. Only a hospital or an authorized representative can file a hospital lien.
Q4. How do I file a hospital lien?
A4. To file a hospital lien:
See the filing instructions.
Q5. Who are the claimants and owners on hospital liens?
A5. The hospital is the claimant. The injured person is the owner.
Q6. When does a hospital lien expire?
A6. A hospital lien is effective until the hospital files a termination.
Q7. Can I terminate a hospital lien?
A7. Only a hospital or an authorized representative can terminate a hospital lien.
Q8. My hospital lien was terminated. Why does it still appear to be effective?
A8. Before May 29, 2012, amendments to hospital liens were recorded as new liens. To fully terminate a hospital lien that had been amended, both the original lien and the amendment had to be terminated. If a lien appears in our system that you believe should have been terminated, you may be able to find the termination if you search by debtor name and enter the name of the person the lien was filed against.


Sounding "mature"
What is a mature vocal sound?
In resonance-based styles such as those related to most classical singing, singers sometimes try to sound "more mature". Some teachers encourage this. It is a mistake.
Maturity is something that is earned with time and action. It is something that happens, not something you can pick up in a hurry. The voice must be free, and able to do the functional things that are required of it, but making it sound like something that it is not is not good for singing.
In classical singing, one of the goals is maximum resonance. In a word, it is about loudness, but not just any kind of loudness. The sound is amplified by the vocal tract in such a way as to project in a large space, sometimes over/with many other instruments. This requires some tuning and shaping of the vocal tract, and a laryngeal suspension that is low enough to get the right shape to enhance the resonance. The resonance adjustments must not compromise the function of the voice in regards to flexibility, range, and clarity of vowels.
Consider substituting the term "optimal resonance" for "mature sound". As you age, your resonance will probably sound more mature all by itself. But if it remains relatively youthful sounding, learn to love that. There is no need to manufacture darkness by stiffening the tongue, consciously lowering the larynx as far as it will go, or other means that may change the color, but not add to function or projection.
Yes, it is true that classical singing requires a lower larynx than other styles, but whether that lower place is the same or lower than the resting position will vary from person to person. People's necks, throats, and oral cavities are unique. They won't maximize resonance in exactly the same way.
If you sing in genres other than classical, similar advice applies. Don't rush to sound old and interesting! The sound you hear from mature artists is earned by lots of experience. They probably sounded young once too.
If you enjoy this blog, consider grabbing a copy of Sane Singing: A Guide to Vocal Progress, available in print and ebook!
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Science Friday
Today I did 3 experiments. #1 was making 'Surprise Soaps'. Here's how to make it:
1. Grate 1 cup of Ivory® soap into a bowl.
2. Add 1/4 cup of warm water and food coloring (if you want).
3. Knead it until it's like dough.
4. Mold it into any shape you like.
5. Stuff a water-proof small (not small enough to fit down the drain) surprise inside and close the hole.
6. Let it dry overnight and then you are ready to wash!
#2 was 'BIG Soap'. Here's how to make it:
1. microwave 1 chunk


text:
An experiment in pneumatics and bionics
In this projectile, bionic refinement meets unusual drive forms that were originally conceived for outer space. The flow-optimised pneumatic structure is derived from the penguin.
The new bionic plasma drive in the stubby wings is a simplified copy of the mechanical wing propulsion of birds, without applying any moving parts. The tail is moved using the classic principle of the ion beam drive, which functions using air-ionising high DC voltage fields. The accelerated air ions produce an ion wind with a speed of up to 10 m/s.
However, future application ranges for atmospheric ion drives are not focused on obtaining propelling force, but rather on the areas of resistance reduction and resistance elimination.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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All about riesling
Is that a bouquet of roses or freshly picked fruit you smell? Neither: it's a riesling wine. This popular white wine originates from Europe but is still a highly misunderstood variation. Most people associate riesling with sweet flavors that come from fruits such as nectarines, peaches, apples, apricots and pears to create a fruity and floral aroma. Riesling is one of the most versatile wines around.
Riesling history
While the exact origin is uncertain, most people believe riesling white wine began in Germany along the Rhine River. Named after a particular white grape called Riesling, the wine's first documented instance was in the 1400s. Today, it's still the main variety of wine produced in German-speaking regions of Europe.
Riesling production
The ideal environment is a cool climate with a slate soil because the grapes for this aromatic white wine ripen earlier than others. The grape-picking time determines the level of sweetness, as fully ripe grapes tend to be sweeter than normal or late-harvested grapes. Producers can also freeze the grapes and then process them to create ice wine.
Riesling flavor profile
Is it sweet? Is it dry? It's both. Riesling wine can be sweet or dry, subtle or strong, light or full. It's a chameleon wine of sorts, as its flavor profile depends on where it's grown. One overriding characteristic of riesling's flavor profile is that it is highly acidic.
Riesling food pairings
When it comes to pairing food with riesling, the spicier the better. So pour a glass and have sweet riesling with your spicy Indian curry. Or try a dry riesling with your grilled fish. Among all the varieties of wine, riesling is the most versatile. Maybe it's actually created with pure alchemy. Who knows? So raise a glass and thank the versatility gods for creating a wine you can drink with every kind of food. Shop Driz online or see if we've made it to your city. Click these links to search for Drizly in your city, and look for liquor stores on Drizly near you.
Related Articles


text:
Apparatus for Measuring Total Emissivity of Small, Low-Emissivity Samples
- Created: Saturday, 01 January 2011
The small chamber surrounding the sample is lined with black-painted aluminum honeycomb, which simplifies data analysis. This results in the sample viewing a very high-emissivity surface on all sides, an effect which would normally require a much larger chamber volume. The sample and chamber temperatures are individually controlled using off-the-shelf PID (proportional–integral–derivative) controllers, allowing flexibility in the test conditions. The chamber can be controlled at a higher temperature than the sample, allowing a direct absorptivity measurement.
The lightweight sample is suspended by its heater and thermometer leads from an isothermal bar external to the chamber. The wires run out of the chamber through small holes in its corners, and the wires do not contact the chamber itself. During a steady-state measurement, the thermometer and bar are individually controlled at the same temperature, so there is zero heat flow through the wires. Thus, all of sample-temperature-control heater power is radiated to the chamber.
Double-aluminized Kapton (DAK) emissivity was studied down to 10 K, which was about 25 K colder than any previously reported measurements. This verified a minimum in the emissivity at about 35 K and a rise as the temperature dropped to lower values.
This work was done by James Tuttle and Michael J. DiPirro of Goddard Space Flight Center. For further information, contact the Goddard Innovative Partnerships Office at _PHONE_. GSC-15697-1

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Test yourself brain teasers focused on Oregon!
Oregon Jeopardy game icon
Play Oregon Jeopardy with up to 12 people. Prove your knowledge of Oregon history, geography and more.
Pictograph puzzlers icon
Try to name the Oregon city from the visual and written clues with each of 40 pictographs.
Crossword puzzles icon
If you think you know a lot about Oregon, prove it with these challenging crosswords.
Oregon history (harder)
Maze puzzlers icon
Can you help find the missing state symbols by navigating the following mazes? Don't get lost!
Word searches icon
You'll need to concentrate to solve these puzzles. Can you find all the words hidden inside the block of letters?
Word scrambles icon
Challenge yourself with these brain-teasers based on some mixed up words related to Oregon.
Word matches icon
Play the Oregon match game. Draw lines to connect the related items from the columns.


60 Words That Lead to America's Longest War
Consider this sentence-60 Words.
That sentence is what the United States used to justify its involvement in its longest ever war.
Where did that language come from, who wrote it and why did Congress go along?
RadioLab examines that in it's award-winning examination "60 Words." The Peabody Awards jurors wrote:
60 Words tells the fascinating story of how one 60-word sentence, pieced together in the fraught aftermath of 9/11, became the distinguishing legal marker between war and peace in the United States. Tracing the evolution of the "AUMF" – or "the authorization to use military force" – the program combines recreations, analysis and interviews to chronicle the phrase's inception, the frenzied discussions over its viability, the pressured congressional voting that ushered it into existence, and its contemporary implications. Together it weaves a riveting patchwork of legal intrigue, political strategizing, moral handwringing and linguistic nuance that has since been used to authorize and justify the Iraq war, the "War on Terror" and other conflicts. A collaborative effort between Radiolab and BuzzFeed, the program is radio at its finest, using sound to artfully recreate the context by which legal and political circles came to authorize the language that would repeatedly permit America's entry into military conflict.
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You are here: » Payroll Administration
Payroll Administration
Payroll administration refers to the activities of payroll administrators to help employers better manage the payroll services for the company. The payroll administration process include keeping track and organizing company's employees payroll matters such as their total number of working hours, pay rates, bonuses or commissions that have been earned by employees. Payroll administrators often have to work with strict payment deadlines and comply with the Employment Act in Singapore. Following the salary and hour standards, the experienced administrators will need to ensure employees can get paid on time with right amount of money. Otherwise, the performance of the employees are likely to be affected that can result in low productivity for the business as inaccurate paychecks can cause them great inconvenience especially for foreign workers who need to provide for themselves financially in terms of the living expenses, rental fees and remittance of their wages to their families on a regular basis. Therefore, the roles of payroll administrators are very important as negligence due to carelessness or lack in knowledge not only can affect the productivity of employees but also implicate legal issues and disrupting business operations.
Payroll Administration Services Singapore - Time IS Money
Changes To Employment Act For Payroll matters
For instance, employers and payroll administrators need to understand and be mindful of any changes to Employment Act such as the new requirement from government to issue more detailed reports that includes itemised pay slips and key employment terms to their employees. This new directive which takes effect from 1 April 2016 is to let employees to have a better understanding of how their salary is calculated, their employment rights, terms and benefits. This can also help employers prevent and minimize any misunderstandings or disputes with their staff at the workplace.
Examples Of Itemised Items
1. Full name of employer
2. Full name of employee
3. Date of payment
4. Basic Salary (Rate of pay)
5. Start and end date of salary period
6. Allowances paid for salary period eg fixed allowances such as transport or ad-hoc allowances
7. Any other additional payment for each salary period eg Bonus, rest day pay, public, holiday pay
8. Deductions made for each salary period: All fixed deductions (employer's CPF contribution), all ad-hoc deductions (no-pay leave, absence from work)
9. Overtime hours worked
10. Overtime pay
11. Start and end date of overtime payment period
12. Net salary paid in total
Note: Please refer to Singapore Employment Act for detailed information. Failure to issue itemised pay slips, maintain detailed employment records or providing inaccurate information to the Commissioner for Labour can lead to serious civil breaches and administrative penalties.
Payroll Administrative Penalties Civil Breaches Singapore
Therefore, as payroll is an important and essential part of business operations, many businesses are recognizing the benefits and values of outsourcing payroll to an external payroll processing agency to avoid inaccuracies that can lead to serious consequences other than payroll errors. With access to effective payroll administration knowledge and advanced technology, payroll specialists from external payroll processing firms can help business owners save more money and better productivity by ensuring all tasks are completed on time with high accuracy.
Payroll Administrative Services For SME
It is understandable and common for new startups especially SME or small businesses, that the business owners would usually be the one handling all the payroll administrative work due to not having many employees initially. However, business owners will realise the importance of payroll administration when they start to hire more and more workers as the business grows. SME owners can wait until this blooming time to start having their human resource department look deeper into their payroll administration and management matters on setting up a proper payroll management system if cost is a concern initially. But having a outsourced payroll services will be more effective, efficient to business operation in the long run as besides the needs to maintain accuracy in pay and leave administration, other challenges include preparation of payroll taxes in facilitating Singapore employees report their personal income tax which can become overwhelming and lead to unforeseen miscalculation.
Payroll Administrator Roles & Responsibilities
In general, the roles and responsibilities of payroll administrators include the following activities:
 - verifying the total number of hours that employees have worked
 - verifying any additional allowances or bonus for current salary period such as overtime or pay increases
 - calculating and issuing salary according to company's practice which is usually by cheque, cash or electronic transfer
 - processing all fixed or ad-hoc deductions for each salary period such as no-pay leave, employee's cpf contribution
 - processing all holiday, sick and maternity claims and expenses
 - handling any queries regards to payslips
 - generating reports and tax submission
 - providing payroll support to new staff
 - processing necessary paperwork for leaving staff
 - other general administrative work
For more information regarding payroll services singapore, please contact our consultants with your requirements at the form below.
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text:
"Marionette Lines" are the lines that run from the corners of the mouth vertically downwards towards the chin. They are named "marionette" because they can make you look like a marionette puppet if the creases are deep enough. They are caused by repeated movement of the mouth, coupled with the loss of fat and skin elasticity that occurs naturally as part of the aging process. Lost skin volume causes lines to turn into deeper creases. They tend to give the mouth a down-turned look as if you are frowning even when you are not. Many people feel these lines make them look sad, tired, or older than they truly are. The dose required for marionette folds is variable. It depends on the anatomy and the desired result.
The doctor will assess the face and decide on the best dose after taking a history and examining you.


text:
It's hard to find a person who isn't attracted to the glittery fun of sparklers. These crackling sticks of fire are among the most sold fireworks on our website and the central entertainment of many events from Bonfire Night to New Year's Eve.
We've looked at the science behind the traditional types of fireworks, but what about sparklers? Here's a look at what sparklers are made of and the manufacturing process that gives them the unique and entertaining look.
What Are Sparklers Made Of?
Sparklers are essentially made by using three chemical components: a metal fuel, an oxidiser and a binder. It's also possible to add certain other elements to sparklers in order to enhance the effects or change colours, for example, but the three components are the building blocks of sparklers.
The Metal Fuel
This specific firework is typically made from a metal wire, which is then coated from one end with a mixture of the metal fuel, the oxidiser and the binder. The most commonly used wire is made of iron, which can then be coated in typically four different fuel chemicals:
- Aluminium & magnesium – light yellow/white glow
- Iron – red glow
- Titanium – silver/white glow
- Ferrotitanium – a golden glow
The above four are the most common colours you see on sparklers. But you can add other chemicals to this metal fuel to give it alternative range of colours. For example, certain salts can create different greens, reds and blues.
You can find out more on the firework colours from our previous post.
The oxidisers in sparklers have a crucial role. When the oxidisers are heated as the metal fuel starts burning, they began to decompose and this creates oxygen and other gasses.
In short, the oxidiser ensures the sparkler has the effect and doesn't just end up looking like burning metal. The process is behind the little sparklers jumping around the wire creating the crackling look.
The most commonly used oxidisers include metal nitrates, chlorates or perchlorates, and potassium nitrate.
The final component helps keep the other two components together. Since both the fuel and the oxidisers are simply chemicals in a paste-like form, the binder ensures they stick together and to the wire.
There are different chemicals, which can act as a binder, but the most commonly used is dextrin.In addition, the binder and the above two components are mixed with some water to make the paste smooth and easily applicable on the wire.
Interestingly, some forms of dextrin are also found on foods and are used for medicinal purposes!
Creating the Sparklers
Constructing the sparklers is quite a simple task and mostly automated, unlike fireworks. It starts with a machine cutting the metal wires to a desired length – as you might know there are all sorts of sparklers from long to small.
The wires are then moved along by the machine and place in a position where the mixture of the above chemical components is applied on the wires. The wires are dipped from one end to the paste mixture and allowed to set for a moment. They'll then be dipped a second time to insure the paste is strong enough for the effect to work.
The sparklers will be allowed to dry fully; often up to a week to ensure the quality is good. They will then be packed and sent off to the retailer. Then it's up to you to enjoy using them at your parties and events!


Quick Answer: How Many Seconds Can A Goalie Hold The Ball?
What happens when the goalkeeper holds the ball for more than 6 seconds?
How many seconds does a goalie have to kick the ball?
six secondsThe FIFA laws of the game do not allow the goalkeeper to hold (or even handle) the ball for more than six seconds. If he holds it for a longer time, the opponent is awarded an indirect free kick.
What is the six second rule in soccer?
The six second rule came as an amendment to FIFA's Law 12 back in 1998, which states that "a goalkeeper is not permitted to keep control of the ball in his hands for more than six seconds."
What's the offside rule?
You are offside when you are in the opponents' half and any part of your head, body or legs is closer to the opponents' goal line than both the ball and the second-last opponent.
Can you get a 3 second violation with the ball?
With the ball in the frontcourt and in his or her team's control, it is a violation in NFHS rules if an offensive player spends three seconds in contact with the free-throw lane. NCAA M/W rules similarly outline a violation but with language that states "more than three consecutive seconds."
Can a goalkeeper put the ball down then pick it up again?
The goalkeeper cannot pick the ball up when it has been intentionally passed back to them, except via the head or chest. They also cannot drop the ball from their hands and then handle it again before anyone else has touched it.
Can a referee score a goal?
The ball is in play at all other times, including when it rebounds off a match official, goalpost, crossbar or corner flag post, and remains in the field of play. The interpretation is that, if the ball hits the referee and goes into the net, then it's a goal.
Can a keeper catch a throw in?
However the back-pass rule prohibits goalkeepers from handling the ball after it has been deliberately kicked to them by a team-mate, or after receiving it directly from a throw-in taken by a team-mate. … The penalty for the offence is an indirect free kick.
Can you score from a throw in if the keeper touches it?
A goal cannot be scored directly from a throw-in; if a player throws the ball directly into their own goal without any other player touching it, the result is a corner kick to the opposing side. … A player may not be penalised for an offside offence when receiving the ball directly from a throw-in.
Can you throw to yourself in football?
What does the 5 second rule mean?
Almost everyone has dropped some food on the floor and still wanted to eat it. If someone saw you drop it, he or she might have yelled, "5-second rule!" This so-called rule says food is OK to eat if you pick it up in 5 seconds or less.
Can a football team play 2 goalkeepers?


#73 Ignacio Nicknamed Nacho
Written by Food Non-Fiction October 20, 2020
This is the incredible true story behind the cheesy, crunchy dish that everyone loves - Nachos! This story of nachos was uncovered by children's book author, Sandra Nickel, who wrote the illustrated children's book titled "Nacho's Nachos The Story Behind the World's Favorite Snack".
Sandra found descendants of three key people involved in the creation of nachos and heard the nachos origin story directly from them. She corresponded with 1) Luis Ignacio Anaya (the grandson of the person who invented nachos), 2) Patricia Finan de los Santos (the granddaughter of the customer that nachos were first created for), and Rodolfo de los Santos Jr. (the son of the person who owned the restaurant where nachos were invented).
The story of nachos goes like this…In 1940, four women from Eagle Pass, Texas went to Piedras Negras, Coahuila to eat at the Victory Club. At least one of these women, Mamie Finan was a regular there. They asked Ignacio Anaya for a new snack. Always wanting to keep guests happy, Ignacio agreed even though he had no idea what to make. When he spotted a bowl of totopos (fried pieces of corn tortilla) he had the idea to add cheese and jalapeno strips on them. He popped this into the oven to melt the cheese. Years later when he reflected back on his inspiration for the dish he noted that his foster mother had often made him quesadillas.
Upon trying the delicious new snack that Ignacio brought out, Mamie asked him what the snack was called. Ignacio simply named the snack after himself, replying that it was called "Nacho's Special". As it turns out, "Nacho" is a common nickname for the name "Ignacio"!
While there is some confusion around whether Ignacio originally named the dish in English (Nacho's Special) or in Spanish (Nachos Especiales), Sandra has found evidence that points to the dish originally being named in English. This makes sense because the dish was made for an Mamie Finan who was an American. In an old ad written by Nacho himself, the ad referred to nachos as "Nacho's Special".
The Victory Club where nachos were born was closed down in 1961, and Nacho went on to open his own restaurant. His former employer, Rodolfo de los Santos, gave him kitchen equipment to thank him for his time at the Victory Club. Nacho passed away on November 9, 1974 at the age of 79. He is remembered as a generous family man.
Special Thanks to Our Interviewee:
Sandra Nickel - author of Nacho's Nachos The Story Behind the World's Favorite Snack


text:
Managing Evolutionary Change by Small
How can you reconcile changes with the fear of
change and natural resistance to change?
Overcome Resistance to Change:
Kore 10 Tips
evolutionary changes are
led from behind
and managed by small steps.
Below are the three characteristics of
successful evolutionary changes:
1. They are voluntary – people see them as
People follow early adopters
People adopt changes when they are
motivated and ready.
human currents moving
creatively in the
So don impose a
big change from above. Don't demand people to jump over a high
wall, give them a stairway instead.
Make the change viral.
Let the change occur
as a sum of many small
individual decisions that together support and feed off each other.


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Tesem couple.png
A drawing of two Tesems
Other names tsm
Country of origin Egypt
Patronage Egypt
Classification / standards
Dog (Canis lupus familiaris)
Tesem (Dog tsm.png = tsm) was the Ancient Egyptian name for "hunting dog". In popular literature it denotes the prick-eared, leggy dog with a curled tail from the early Egyptian age, but it was also used with reference to the lop-eared "saluki/sloughi" type;,[1] it was one of several types of dogs in Ancient Egypt, particularly the latter type had an appearance most similar to that of a greyhound..
Examples of three different types of dogs shown on Egyptian monuments
Three main types of dogs are shown in Ancient Egypt, these being the pariah dog, the greyhound-like dog and a molosser-type dog.[2] It is assumed that there were two types of greyhound-like breeds, these being the older Tesem [3] and the saluki/sloughi type.[4] The two greyhound-types were clearly distinguished in tomb decorations,[5] with the Tesem thought to be similar to modern pariah dogs.[6] One writer believed that the name Tesem applied to both types of greyhound-like dogs.[1]
The prick-eared Tesem's origins are presumed to be from further south than Egypt, from Nubia and also the Land of Punt,[7] whose location is unclear but thought to be to the south east of Egypt on the Horn of Africa.[8]
A drawing of a Tesem type dog appears in Nagada, dated from the Protodynastic Period of Egypt (dated 3200 BC to 3000 BC). The dogs were drawn with upright ears and a tightly curled tail.[9] One of the earliest known recordings of these dogs is the "Khufu dog" from the tomb of King Khufu,[10] who reigned between 2609–2584 BC.[11] This dog was named Akbaru, and was depicted wearing a collar.[10]
They continued to appear during the Middle Kingdom period (2055 BC and 1650 BC), but by the time of the New Kingdom (1550 BC - 1069 BC), they were replaced by dogs with hanging ears and a straight tail.[9] These dogs were of the saluki/sloughi type.[12]
The Pharaoh Hound of Malta and the Cirneco dell'Etna of Sicily were both popularly and controversially thought to be possible descendants of the Tesem.[13] [14]
Ancient Egyptians gave the name Tesem to the early curly tailed dogs that resembled a sighthound.[15] These dogs were featured on monuments,[15] and in wall paintings that showed their lean body with noticeable prick ears.[7] They had a greyish-yellow coat, with long legs and a broad prominent forehead. Their size exceeded the Pariah dogs of the time. The structure of their skeleton was closer to the modern terrier than that of the modern greyhound.[16]
See also[edit]
 1. ^ a b Brixhe, Jean. 1996 Lévriers, chiens de chasse, de travail et de compagnie dans l'Egypte ancienne. University of Liege
 2. ^ "The manners and customs of the ancient Egyptians". Archive.org. Retrieved 2012-10-24.
 3. ^ "Life in ancient Egypt". Archive.org. Retrieved 2012-10-24.
 5. ^ Goldwasser (2002): p. 106
 6. ^ Goldwasser (2002): p. 93
 7. ^ a b The Origins and Development of African Livestock: Archaeology, Genetics, Linguistics and Ethnography (Blench, Roger; MacDonald, Kevin ed.). Routledge. 1999. p. 317. ISBN 978-1-84142-018-9.
 8. ^ Najovits, Simson (2004). Egypt, the Trunk of the Tree. Algora Publishing. p. 258. ISBN 978-0-87586-256-9.
 9. ^ a b Bard, Kathryn A. (1999). Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt. Routledge. p. 359. ISBN 978-0-415-18589-9.
 10. ^ a b Cunliffe, Juliette (1999). The Encyclopedia of Dog Breeds. Bath: Paragon. p. 70. ISBN 0-7525-8018-3.
 11. ^ Hamblin, William J. (2006). Warfare in the Ancient Near East to 1600 BC. Routledge. p. 331. ISBN 978-0-415-25589-9.
 12. ^ Goldwasser, Orly (2002). Prophets, Lovers and Giraffes. Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 93. ISBN 978-3-447-04590-2.
 13. ^ Mormino, Vincenzo. "The Sicilian Hound". Best of Sicily Magazine. Retrieved 11 February 2011.
 14. ^ Petr Fismol. "Pharaoh hound - el Negma kennel". Elnegma.com. Retrieved 2012-10-24.
 15. ^ a b Naville, Edouard (1914). The Cemeteries of Abydos. Part 1. _PHONE_. London: Egypt Exploration Fund. p. 40.
 16. ^ Lydekker, R (1916). Wild Life of the World III. London: Frederick Warne and Co. p. 19.
Goldwasser, Orly (2002). Prophets, Lovers and Giraffes. Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-04590-2.


text:
Converting to a Pull-String Piñata
A pull-string piñata works well for younger children and enclosed spaces, as well as for piñatas that your child might not feel comfortable hitting, such as a familiar licensed character. Instead of hitting the piñata, children pull strings attached to a hidden door that opens the piñata and releases the candy. Most piñatas can be converted to a pull-string style using the following instructions:
- Set the piñata down with the bottom facing up.
Note: Some oddly-shaped piñatas may require creativity in deciding where the pull flap should be.
- On the bottom, use an Exacto or utility knife to make a 3-sided trap door with approximately 3- to 4-inch sides.
- Use the point of the blade to make small slits through the cardboard on the flap, making enough slits for each ribbon that you plan to use (at least one for each guest).
- Cut the appropriate number of ribbons.
Note: Ribbon length should correspond to the height at which you plan to hang the piñata.
- Thread a ribbon through each slit.
- Either knot all of the ribbons together inside the flap or knot just one or two ribbons and leave the rest loose. The first way allows all of the children to pull the strings at the same time to open the piñata as a group, whereas the second way allows them to each select a ribbon until someone finds the one that opens the flap.
- Fill the piñata with candy and/or small prizes.
- Close the flap and lightly seal it with a small piece of Scotch tape, using enough to hold the flap shut but not so much that you prevent the door from opening when someone pulls the knotted ribbon(s).


text:
Polarization-assisted stimulated Brillouin scattering-based optical signal processing
Abstract: Microwave photonics (MWP) processing provides numerous advantages over electrical domain techniques, such as broad bandwidth, long reach and immunity against electro-magnetic interference. An important application of MWP is the transmission of RF signals over long distances using optical fibers, or radio-over-fiber (RoF). Many RoF systems are based on the multiplexing of densely packed subcarrier tones. The monitoring of such transmission requires optical spectrum analyzers (OSAs) with high resolution, on the order of MHz. The required resolution is two orders of magnitude higher than that of standard equipment. In this work, I demonstrate and employ an OSA with 10 MHz resolution, that is based on the nonlinear optical propagation phenomenon of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) amplification in standard optical fibers. The vector attributes of SBS amplification considerably improve the dynamic range of the spectral measurements.
Many RoF applications also involve RF filtering. Many implementations of MWP filters were proposed in the literature, however the realization of sharp, tunable MWP filters remains challenging. Herein I present a significant enhancement of MWP filters that are based on the polarization attributes of SBS. The method is employed in the realization of sharp, highly-flexible MWP bandpass filters with a single passband, and tunable central transmission frequency, bandwidth and shape. The proposed selective filtering and analysis can be very instrumental in all-optical signal processing in MWP systems.
* The research presented in the seminar was carried out towards the M.Sc. degree, with the supervision of Dr. Avi Zadok


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Why the Germans are later 70 than people in other countries – Video
Age is not the same age: In a global study, researchers at the University of Washington evaluated, how old people actually are, the feel 65. FOCUS Online explains where in the world, 46-Year-old the Constitution of a 65-Year-olds have – and as we Germans have cut off.
How old someone is, according to year of birth, that doesn't say much about his actual physical condition. Scientists at the University of Washington (USA) wanted to find out, therefore, where people feel the world's longest-jung.
Complex study of the age
The health scientists evaluated the medical data of the past 30 years, from 195 countries. Important is only the actual, i.e., the chronological age was not. For the first time the researchers pulled information about the biological and psychological Constitution alike. You looked at the fight, when people worldwide with age-specific limitations. So, for example, with cardiovascular disease, bleeding in the brain or respiratory diseases. Also, how long people are mentally fit and well. As a control, the global Burden of Disease Study, the 65-Year-old stood in the centre. The results were in "The Lancet Public Health" published.
The Germans feel that they are 70 years of age, such as 65
The researchers found that the fittest people in Japan and live in Switzerland. There 76 feel-Year-old is still as young as 65. So you are 30 calendar years older than the inhabitants of the poor island state of Papua new Guinea. There are already 46 feel-Year-old ready for retirement. For comparison: the Germans are 70, if you feel like 65. So you are in the world to number 30.
Reports, Videos, backgrounds: From Monday to Friday, provided you FOCUS Online with the most important messages from the health Department. Here you can subscribe to the Newsletter easily and free of charge.


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Main difference between URL-rewriting and URL-encoding is that URL-rewriting is a technique to maintain user session if cookies are not enabled on client browser or browser doesn't support cookie while URL-encoding is a way to pass string to server containing special characters by converting special characters like space into some other characters like +. people often confuse between URL encoding and URL rewriting because of there names which sounds quite similar for new guys but functionality wise they are totally different to each other, Also servlet encodeURL() method adds more confusion because its sounds like its used for URL Encoding but indeed used for URL Rewriting. This is also a very popular servlet and JSP interview questions, I have also shared some more questions on my posts 10 Servlet Interview questions answers and 10 JSP interview questions and answers for Java programmer.
Difference between URL Rewriting and URL Encoding in JSP Servlet
You often need to encode URL before sending it to server and need to rewrite URL with session id in order to maintain session where cookie is not present. here are some more differences between URL-rewriting and URL encoding in Servlet JSP
1) java.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse methods encodeURL(String url) and encodeRedirectURL(String URL) is used to encode SesssionID on URL to support URL-rewriting. don't confuse with name encodeURL() because it doesn't do URL encoding instead itembeds sessionID in url if necessary. logic to include sessionID is in method itself and it doesn't embed sessionID if browser supports cookies or session maintenance is not required. In order to implement a robust session tracking all URL from Servlet and JSP should have session id embedded on it.
In order to implement URL-rewriting in JSP you can use use JSTL core tag all URL passed to it will automatically be URL-rewriting if browser doesn't support cookies.
While java.net.URLEncoder.encode() and java.net.URLDecoder.decode()is used to perform URL Encoding and decoding which replace special character from String to another character. This method uses default encoding of system and also deprecated instead ofthis you can use java.net.URLEncoder.encode(String URL, String encoding) which allows you to specify encoding. as per W3C UTF-8 encoding should be used to encode URL in web application.
2) In URL rewriting session id is appended to URL and in case of URL-encoding special character replaced by another character.
That's all on difference between URL-rewriting and URL-encoding, let me know if you come across some more differences between these URL Encoding vs URL-rewriting in Servlet and JSP.


>. You can view the git forge as a Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) or serverless computing provider. The app doesn't need to be deployed elsewhere, because the git forge itself is the execution environment. A GFA must be able to: Process data. Store data. Interact with the outside world. This is basically what computer applications do. Git forges have become powerful enough to do this. Imagine the following: you fork a repository and this instantiates the GFA. The GFA is now running under your git forge account. The web interface is available at https://<user>;app>/ and HTTP POST requests can also be used to interact with the application. The GFA could be a todo list, an RSS reader, a blog, etc. To the website visitor it appears like any other web application but everything happens within the git forge and no other hosting provider is necessary. Let's look at how it's possible to use a git forge as the execution environment for an app. Processing DataThe first order of business is executing code so that the application can process data. A configuration file is placed into a git repository to define runnable jobs. The job execution systems offered by git forges are GitLab CI and GitHub Actions, respectively. When the job is triggered it executes in a temporary environment, for example a Linux container image. It allows code hosted in the git repository to run on a server somewhere for a little while. There is a free allowance that grants a certain number of hours of unpaid execution time. This is how GFAs process data. For example, say we are building an RSS reader. Our repo looks like this:rss-reader/.gitlab-ci.yml - the job configuration file - download RSS feeds and check for new posts The .gitlab-ci.yml file will contain a scheduled pipeline that runs every 15 minutes. Storing DataApplications need to store data persistently. The primary way of doing that in a git forge is by storing data in the git repository itself. Mutable data can be kept on a separate branch called data and can be force-pushed to avoid forever increasing the repository size when we don't need to store previous revisions of the data. This works because each git branch has an independent commit history. The file namespace it stores is completely separate from other branches. This means it's possible to have the GFA's code on the main branch and to store data on the data branch without upsetting the commit history or files on the main branch. Data storage is available to jobs because they are allowed to manipulate their own git repository thanks to an authentication token. On GitHub GITHUB_TOKEN allows jobs to push to their git repository. This gives jobs a way of storing data. There are other forms of data storage besides the git repository. Artifactsare files produced by a job that can be downloaded via a URL. Artifacts are subject to expiry time and file size limitations. Caching is available to temporarily store files between job runs, although this data can be lost at any time. At this point you may be thinking that this is nice but there is no way to store private data if the git repository is public. Git forges offer a secrets mechanism where variables can be stored privately and only made available during job execution. This can be used to stash an encryption key so that the data is stored in public but is encrypted. Anyone can download the encrypted data but they will not have the key needed to decrypt it. Some applications can also take advantage of client-side encryption and homomorphic encryption. Interacting with the Outside WorldGit forges offer a wealth of ways to interact with the outside world, called triggers. Triggers can run a job when an HTTP POST request is made. POST requests typically need a trigger token for authentication, but that token can be published if the triggered job is safe to be invoked by anyone. Both browser clients and Webhooks can invoke triggers through HTTP POST requests. For example, imagine our RSS reader app needs an API to mark feeds as read. We define an HTTP POST trigger that runs a script that updates the feeds stored in the data branch. Since only the git repository owner should be able to invoke this trigger we do not publish the trigger token. Instead it is stored encrypted in the repository and the user provides a passphrase for decrypting this secret. At this point it is also useful to offer a web interface. This is possible thanks to the static pages hosting feature called GitLab Pages and GitHub Pages. Pushing HTML, JavaScript, CSS, and images to a special branch publishes the static website at https://<user>;app>/. For the most part GFAs are asynchronous, they cannot handle HTTP requests synchronously like a web application that outputs an HTTP response. Incoming HTTP requests simply schedule GFA jobs that run sometime later. There are a few ways around this. The browser can poll for results using XMLHttpRequest or similar techniques. Alternatively, a GFA can fire up a job that runs for several minutes although I haven't investigated if there is a practical way to communicate with a web application running in a job (I guess incoming HTTPS is tricky to achieve). Triggers offer a lot more fun than what I've already covered. They can respond to the creation and modification of wiki pages, issues, and pull request comments. This means it's possible to use those entities for interacting with the outside world. The GFA could act as a chat bot on its issue tracker, for example. LimitationsGit forges weren't designed for GFAs. But then they weren't initially designed to be Turing complete and offering ways to interact with the outside world either. That was added incrementally as demand for that functionality grew. Maybe git forges will evolve into full-blown serverless hosting competitors to today's cloud hosting providers. GFAs are a hack that uses features like static pages, CI jobs, and webhooks in a creative way to run applications on a git forge. Building GFAs that are actually useful is likely to hit some challenges: No synchronous requests - it is hard to implement search queries and other dynamic behavior in GFAs because they are primarily asynchronous (and slow!). This limitation matters for certain classes of applications. A lot can be done client-side instead to make up for this deficiency. But maybe someone can figure out how to do synchronous requests in GFAs. Security - I have outlined how to make data publicly available and also how to encrypt it so only the git repository owner can view the plaintext. This is enough for personal web applications, but it's not sufficient for multi-user applications. Maybe git forges offer a form of authentication that works with GFAs so multiple users can store private data in a single GFA instance (the git repository owner could view all users' data but other users could not). Free usage tiers - job execution time, storage capacity, and request throttling will limit how resource-intensive a GFA can be before it outgrows the free tier and eventually even the paid tier. The first generation of GFAs could be written from scratch with each job carefully designed. Then a second generation of GFAs could be built on top of frameworks that abstract the tedious git forge integration with standard APIs and data models. For example, a Vue.js frontend could use a key/value store API and the whole thing can be hosted as a GFA. Even if GFAs don't become a thing because git forges decide there is not enough demand to make them work really well, changing your perspective to think of git forges in this way is valuable. For example, I have a git repo for building a container image that I deploy on my server and that pushes output files to a web server host. All of that can be replaced with a git repository that runs a job and publishes to GitLab Pages. This simplifies things and frees me from maintaining infrastructure. ConclusionGit forges offer jobs for processing data, git repositories and artifacts for storing data, and triggers for interacting with the outside world. It is possible to build applications that exist solely as a git repository on a git forge. There is no longer a need to deploy code because the git forge itself is powerful enough to run non-trivial applications. I look forward to how


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|Government:||Third Union Wismaga|
|Form of Government:||Confederation, Parliamentary democracy|
|Affiliation:||United Federation of Planets|
|Dr. Lucus Kesar|
The Wismagan recorded history only goes back 8000 years, beginning with their colonization of Liccus XII, a desert planet, which they then took 600 years converting it into a more hospitable planet. Most Wismagan scholars believed they were once a group of nomads who traveled space searching for a home. Once their society had fully incorporated themselves onto Liccus XII, they declared that they were the Third Union of the Wismaga, which hints at the possibility that their society is much older than their recorded history.
The governing body of the Wismagan is officially called the Grand Curia, it is similar to parliamentary democracy, with a Chief Minister as the head of state. The Chief Minister's term of office lasts for three years, after which they may run for reelection if they so choose. The Wismagan political system incorporated a "course of honor" system similar to that found in Ancient Rome on Earth. Most Chief Ministers are aged in their 60s, but Lucus Kesar was 42 when he became Chief Minister, making him the youngest in their recorded history.
The average height amongst all Wismagan is roughly five feet and ten inches. Their face is similar to human, except the mouth and nose look more like a chimpanzee's than a human. Light brown hair surrounds their faces, almost like a lion's mane. Their entire body, except for palms and soles, is covered in hair. Hair which is similar to fur found on apes on the planet Earth.


A Personal Injury Attorney in Las Vegas NV can Help if You're Assaulted by a Bouncer
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5928572_lMany people aren't sure what bouncers can legally do. Contrary to the way they appear in movies and on TV, bouncers cannot use excessive violence or act as they please. Generally, a bouncer can only respond with force if someone else is acting aggressively toward them. However, they can legally do things such as:
1. Give a verbal warning
2. Ask a patron to leave
3. Check IDs
4. Refuse entry to a patron that isn't following policy, is acting aggressively, or is too intoxicated
5. Call police
6. Protect bystanders from violence
7. Break up fights
8. Respond with appropriate force
Good bouncers are trained to solve problems through communication, not force. In many cases, the presence of a bouncer is enough to keep patrons well-behaved.
What is Against the Rules for Bouncers?
A bouncer cannot use force unless they are threatened with physical harm, and cannot strike, punch or kick patrons. They cannot physically throw or push someone out of an establishment, and cannot restrain a patron with a headlock or choke hold.
In other words, a bouncer is subject to the same personal injury and criminal laws as everyone else. If you have been roughly handled without cause, you may be able to sue the bouncer or hold them criminally liable.
How to React if Wrongfully Assaulted by a Bouncer
If you feel that you have a case against a bouncer and/or an establishment, you and your Personal Injury Lawyer In Las Vegas NV may be able to get monetary damages for the losses you've suffered. You should take these steps:
1. Write down your version of events, noting times, dates and the location. Describe the incident, the circumstances that led to the assault and the events occurring immediately afterward.
2. Keep copies of medical records and receipts. You'll need these if the court needs to determine damages.
3. Keep copies of your paycheck stubs in case you need to file for wage loss.
4. Get copies of police reports.
5. Get the bouncer's contact information, as well as that of any witnesses.
Hiring an Attorney for a Legal Dispute Involving a Bouncer
Some businesses need the presence of a bouncer to deter certain activities. However, they have much less authority than most people think. If you're uncertain as to what a bouncer can legally do, contact a Personal Injury Lawyer In Las Vegas NV for help. Your lawyer can represent you in court, and he or she can get you the damages you deserve.


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Reference: Complex Numbers from A to …Z by Titu Andreescu and Dorin Andrica
Balkan Mathematical Olympiad, 1985.
Let O be the circumcenter of the triangle ABC, let D be the mid-point of the segment AB, and let E be the centroid of the triangle ACD. Prove that lines CD and OE are perpendicular if and only if.
Let O be the origin of the complex plane and let a, b, c, d, e be the coordinates of points A, B, C, D, E respectively. Then,
Using the real product of complex numbers, if R is the circumradius of triangle ABC, then
Lines CD and DE are perpendicular if and only if. That is,
The last relation is equivalent to
, that is, — call this equation I.
On the other hand, is equivalent to. That is,
or,, hence, —- equation II
The relations (1) and (2) show that CD is perpendicular to OE, if and only if.
Ref: Complex Numbers from A to Z by Titu Andreescu and Dorin Andrica
Thanks Prof Andreescu!


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- Visitors & Friends
- About the University
Mathematical model 'describes' how online conflicts are resolved
20 Feb 13
Researchers have produced a mathematical model to describe how conflicting opinions are resolved over articles that appear on Wikipedia, the collaboratively-edited encyclopaedia.
The study maps the evolution of opinion over time, showing that even widely diverging opinions eventually converge. The researchers say this pattern in collective human behaviour is reminiscent of the interaction of particles in physics, such as when wind-blown grains of sand eventually create sand dunes. The study also notes that the collaborative nature of a medium like Wikipedia tempers extremes of opinion.
The model, which appears in the journal Physical Review Letters, was constructed by a research team, including Dr Taha Yasseri from the Oxford Internet Institute at the University of Oxford, as well as researchers from Hungary, Finland and Spain.
Dr Yasseri says: 'We believe this model exhibits some interesting behaviour that for the first time can qualitatively capture key characteristics of off-line conflicts.
'The competition and co-existence of local and global interactions play an important role in physics. For example, we have already observed this in the creation of sand dunes, which are not solely formed by the local interaction of sand grains with neighbouring grains but also the wind, which brings into play global and long-range effects. To understand the emergence of editors' opinions, again we see both the direct interactions of editors with each other and the global interactions of editors altering a shared medium.'
In the presence of an article a collective behaviour appears, conflict followed by consensus, not unlike in chemical synchronisation and sand ripples.
At the outset, the researchers mapped widely differing opinions amongst the 'editors' of three articles that appeared on Wikipedia about the Dresden bombing, Japan and anarchism. Editors were seen to influence each other either through direct communication or indirectly by modifying the online Wikipedia article.
The researchers found that when a fixed number of individuals form one'mainstream' and two opposing 'extremist' groups, consensus in the medium's content is achieved, but only after a long time and this may not correspond to the initial mainstream view. In the case of a dynamic environment where new editors replace existing ones, they found periods of conflict and consensus can alternate indefinitely, depending on the rate of newcomers and the degree of controversy in the article's topic.
The group's model describes the spontaneous dynamics of the clashes of opinions in Wikipedia in three types of scenarios: First, it shows how increasing the number of new editors to an article gives rise to controversy. The model also accounts for different levels of tolerance in editors' sensitivity towards certain topics. Moreover, it captures states of uninterrupted controversy where sensitive contributors cannot stand even small deviations from their opinions. However, it shows that eventually even strongly opposing views converge over time, even without direct interaction between dissenting contributors. The researchers conclude that the shared medium takes care of this.
'The presence of the Wikipedia article itself brings the opinions of individuals together and helps the convergence process. Without an article on which to work collectively, groups with different opinions could stay separate and ignore each other,' explains Gerardo Iñiguez, doctoral student in the group and in Aalto University Department of Biomedical Engineering and Computational Science.
'Usually sand grains only collide with neighbouring grains, but wind can project them into the air and make them hit faraway grains. This long-range global interaction creates a ripple pattern that does not appear in the absence of wind,' adds Iñiguez.
Dr Yasseri concludes: 'In Wikipedia local interactions occur between editors modifying their opinions, while global interactions are those of the editors with an article. In the presence of an article a collective behaviour appears, conflict followed by consensus, not unlike in chemical synchronisation and sand ripples.'
János Kertész from the Center for Network Science, Central European University, Hungary explains: 'New media produce an efficient collaborative environment but with collaboration comes conflict. Wikipedia is an important example because every single change is documented and publicly available. It's a goldmine for research.
'Our model is a tolerance model: If the article is very different from an editor's opinion, they are more likely to change the article. If it's close to their opinion, the editor is less likely to change it. Is usually a few people who are rigid and keep the edit war going.'


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Welcome to the intriguing world of operating table covers—a niche yet vital component in the healthcare sector. In this deep dive, we'll explore the cutting-edge trends and burgeoning market opportunities that are reshaping this industry. Operating table covers, often overlooked, play a pivotal role in ensuring sterility and efficiency in surgical environments. As we move forward, technological innovations and changing market dynamics are opening up new avenues for growth and development in this specialized field.
The Evolution of Operating Table Covers
The journey of operating table covers from basic, utilitarian drapes to advanced, multifunctional tools mirrors the evolution of medical science itself. In the past, these covers were simple, often rudimentary fabrics designed merely to protect the operating table. However, with the advent of more complex surgical procedures and heightened awareness of infection control, the demand for more sophisticated covers has surged. Today, they are not only about protecting the equipment but also about enhancing the sterility and efficiency of the surgical environment.
Material Innovations in Operating Table Covers
In an era where sustainability is paramount, the operating table cover industry is not falling behind. The shift towards eco-friendly materials is a response to the growing environmental concerns and the healthcare industry's commitment to reducing its ecological footprint. Sustainable covers, made from biodegradable or recycled materials, are gaining popularity. They offer the same level of sterility and protection as traditional covers but with the added benefit of being environmentally responsible.
The introduction of antimicrobial fabrics in operating table covers is a significant leap forward in infection control. These innovative materials are embedded with agents that actively combat microbes, reducing the risk of cross-contamination and healthcare-associated infections. This feature is particularly crucial in settings with high-risk patients or complex surgeries where the risk of infection is elevated. Antimicrobial covers not only enhance patient safety but also extend the lifespan of the covers by preventing microbial degradation.
Enhanced Sterility Features
Advancements in operating table covers have also focused on enhancing sterility. Modern covers are designed with advanced barrier technologies that prevent the penetration of liquids and microbes, crucial in maintaining a sterile field during surgery. These features are complemented by easy-to-use designs that ensure quick and efficient setup and disposal, reducing the risk of contamination during changeovers.
Design Improvements for Enhanced Functionality
Modern operating table covers are seeing a surge in ergonomic design innovations. These designs focus on ease of use, fitting snugly on various table types while allowing optimal access to the patient. The flexibility and adaptability of these covers make them suitable for a range of surgical procedures, from minor operations to complex surgeries. Ergonomically designed covers not only enhance the functionality of the operating space but also reduce the physical strain on the surgical team, leading to improved overall efficiency.
Customization for Specialized Surgeries
Customization is becoming increasingly important in the operating table cover industry. As surgeries become more specialized, the need for covers that cater specifically to different types of procedures is growing. Custom covers can be designed with specific features such as integrated pockets for surgical tools, special openings for robotic arms, or specific textures and thicknesses for different surgical needs. This level of customization enhances the efficiency and safety of surgical procedures, making the operating room more adaptable and responsive to the needs of the surgical team.
Environmental Sustainability in Production
Eco-friendly Manufacturing Processes
The shift towards eco-friendly manufacturing processes in the production of operating table covers is a reflection of the broader move towards sustainability in the healthcare industry. Manufacturers are adopting green practices, such as using renewable energy sources, reducing waste, and implementing recycling programs. These practices not only minimize the environmental impact but also appeal to the growing segment of environmentally conscious consumers.
Reducing Carbon Footprint
In line with global efforts to combat climate change, the operating table cover industry is also focusing on reducing its carbon footprint. This involves optimizing manufacturing processes, reducing energy consumption, and selecting materials that have a lower environmental impact. By addressing the carbon footprint, manufacturers are not only contributing to a healthier planet but also aligning with the sustainability goals of hospitals and healthcare facilities.
Market Demand Post-Pandemic
Increased Demand in Healthcare
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about a significant increase in demand for medical supplies, including operating table covers. This surge is attributed to the heightened focus on infection control and the rapid expansion of healthcare facilities worldwide. The pandemic has underscored the need for high-quality, reliable medical supplies, propelling the operating table cover industry into a period of accelerated growth and innovation.
Global Market Trends
The global market for operating table covers is witnessing diverse trends, influenced by regional healthcare needs, regulatory environments, and technological advancements. In developed markets, there is a growing preference for high-tech, customizable covers, while in emerging markets, the focus is on cost-effective and durable solutions. Understanding these regional differences is crucial for manufacturers and suppliers aiming to expand their global footprint.
Regulatory Compliance and Safety Standards
Meeting International Standards
Navigating the complex landscape of international standards and regulations is a critical aspect for manufacturers in the operating table cover industry. Compliance with standards such as ISO and CE marking is essential to ensure product safety and efficacy. Adhering to these standards not only ensures market access but also builds trust with healthcare providers and patients.
The certification process for operating table covers involves rigorous testing and quality assurance measures. Manufacturers must consistently meet high standards in material quality, sterility, and performance. Obtaining certifications can be challenging, but it is a crucial step in establishing credibility and ensuring that the products meet the stringent requirements of the healthcare industry.
Challenges and Opportunities for Suppliers
Supply Chain Management
Effective supply chain management is a significant challenge for suppliers in the operating table cover industry. The need to balance cost, efficiency, and quality while navigating global logistics and fluctuating market demands requires strategic planning and flexibility. However, these challenges also present opportunities for innovation in logistics and supply chain optimization.
Expansion into Emerging Markets
Emerging markets present vast opportunities for suppliers of operating table covers. These markets are characterized by rapidly growing healthcare sectors and an increasing demand for medical supplies. For suppliers, expanding into these markets requires understanding local healthcare needs, regulatory landscapes, and establishing strong distribution networks. Successfully tapping into these markets can lead to significant growth and a broader customer base.
In conclusion, the operating table cover industry is at an exciting juncture, marked by rapid advancements and growing market opportunities. From technological innovations to sustainable manufacturing practices, the industry is evolving to meet the changing needs of the healthcare sector. As we look to the future, the industry is well-positioned to continue its growth trajectory, driven by the twin forces of innovation and market demand.
- What makes sustainable materials in operating table covers important? Sustainable materials are important as they reduce environmental impact and align with the healthcare sector's commitment to eco-friendly practices.
- How do smart operating table covers contribute to surgical safety? Smart covers equipped with sensors provide real-time data on sterility and environmental conditions, enhancing safety and efficiency in surgeries.
- Why is customization important in operating table covers? Customization allows for covers to be tailored to specific surgical procedures, improving functionality and safety in the operating room.
- How did the pandemic impact the demand for operating table covers? The pandemic increased demand for medical supplies, including operating table covers, due to the heightened focus on infection control and the expansion of healthcare facilities.


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LAN Access Over ISDN
Franz Pucher (IAIK, Graz University of Technology, Austria)
Herbert Leitold (IAIK, Graz University of Technology, Austria)
Reinhard Posch (IAIK, Graz University of Technology, Austria)
Abstract: This paper describes local area network (LAN) access using public wide area data networks and problems that arise when using integrated services digital network (ISDN) technology [Stallings 90] [Thachenkary 93]. To date mainly modem connections at serial lines with a terminal port have been the standard remote access technique. With ISDN it is foreseen that these modem lines will be replaced rather soon. This is mainly due to the fact that ISDN offers a more adequate bandwidth and is much more consistent from the point of view of access and embedding. This paper demonstrates in the main section a router-based solution for enhanced call management. One of the main advantages is the separation of the strategic module which defines the behavior and thus allows for a number of active connections exceeding the number of ports. It also addresses traffic and access control in the network environment.


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'Jealous' Hermaphrodite Shrimp Murder Their Rivals
Yellowmargin Moray Eel (Gymnothorax flavimarginatus) with a White Banded Cleaner Shrimp (Lysmata amboinensis)
CREDIT: James A Dawson | Shutterstock
Like creepy stalkers, cleaner shrimp won't share their partner with anyone else. When placed in groups of more than two, the creatures attack in the dark of night, killing off the competition.
"We enlarged the group size to triplets and quartets, and we observed the molting cycle and the interactions between individuals,'' study researcher Janine Wong, of the University of Basel in Switzerland, told LiveScience."In this species, the shrimp usually live in pairs. We were wondering, because monogamy is quite susceptible to cheating, if these individuals would stay in monogamous pairs."
Sperm or egg?
Cleaner shrimp (Lysmata amboinensis) pairs make their living picking parasites from fish. They stake out their cleaning stations and wait for fish to stop by their storefront. Each shrimp is a hermaphrodite, meaning it can reproduce as both a male and a female, though it can't fertilize its own eggs.
In times of high competition for a mate, each shrimp makes fewer eggs and more sperm, since the eggs are more cost-intensive to produce and one individual's sperm can fertilize many eggs. The goal is to pass on one's genes, and in this case, sperm will do the trick. When two shrimp pair up in a monogamous relationship, however, they shift to making more eggs and less sperm, since there isn't competition for who is going to fertilize whom. [Top 10 Monogamous Animals]
This type of social monogamy is only found in shrimp with cleaning behavior, Wong said, possibly because these cleaner shrimp stick to their territory instead of going around and searching for food.
Wong and her colleague Nico Michiels, at the University of Tuebingen in Germany, placed two, three or four cleaner shrimp together in a group (repeated 10 times for each condition). By the time 42 days had passed, every tank was down to two shrimp.
The shrimp are only vulnerable to attack right after they have molted, when their outer skins made of chitin are thin. To avoid predators, they molt during the night. Though the shrimp weren't aggressive during the day, at night they ganged up on any freshly molted tank-mates.
"During daytime, there were no aggressive interactions observable, they were just sitting next to each other or ignoring each other. You couldn't predict from their behavior during the daytime who would be the next victim," Wong said. "The individual that died had just molted a few hours before. Because the carapace [shell] didn't harden yet, they were very vulnerable and easy targets."
These shrimp, regardless of whether they are paired up, usually molt every two weeks. In high-competition environments, with three or four shrimp per tank, they molt less frequently. Wong's team noticed that after murdering their extra tank mates, the killer shrimp would return to their regular molting schedule.
In the threesomes, the victim was usually the smallest in the tank, but in the quartet, the same trend wasn't obvious. It wasn't always the first shrimp to molt that was done in, either. The researchers aren't sure yet why certain shrimp lived while others were killed.
This tank is an artificial environment compared with the wild, where the shrimp could just swim away when threatened. Researchers aren't sure how these L. amboinensis act in the wild, but they are very territorial. It's more likely that a "third wheel" type would be chased away from the mating pair's cleaning station, and the murderous rage would be much lower.
The study was published Thursday (Nov. 10) in the journal Frontiers of Zoology.
MORE FROM LiveScience.com


It doesn't take a rocket scientist to realise that if you cannot count on a flood of new postpaid customers to fuel your growth, you need to create more value from your existing prepaid subscriber base. With this in mind, I have put together 15 practices to help you increase the value of your prepaid subscriber base while maintaining positive user experience of customers. Some of these tips are applicable just as well to your postpaid activities.
 1. Map all customer interactions
Map all the touch points with customers via all channels to prevent conflicting messages and offers. You want to prevent a scenario in which customers reach an IVR and get an automatic offer that contradicts the personalised offers you have worked hard to design.
 1. Make it simple
Design simple offers with clear conditions, and preferably with immediate rewards. For example, "Recharge 10€ or more by the end of the week and get 4€ to be spent on data."
 1. Be 'contextual'
Take into an account subscribers' profile and attributes (static data such as price plan, behavioural patterns such as personal number of days between Top-ups or Max Top-up in the last 3 months, preferred communication channel, responsiveness to past activities) and design the overall marketing proposition (targeting, offer description, communication channel, communication text, user experience etc.) to fit these personal attributes.
 1. Simulate natural response rates
Try to run the rules of the offers on your subscriber base to predict response rates of the target segment you defined. Based on your simulation results, adjust the targeting or offer conditions to maximise the offer efficiency (target group versus control group response rates) and relevancy.
 1. Implement churn predictors
Apply real-time and near real-time modelled churn detectors to prevent churn attempts. Modelled churn predictors will identify abnormalities in customer's behaviour and allow you to react immediately.
 1. Allocate a benefits budget
Allocate a benefit budget that takes into account the customer's ARPU and overall value to avoid cannibalisation.
 1. Simplify response for churners
Make it as easy as possible for subscribers who are in-risk to churn to respond to offers and remain connected. For example, avoid cumbersome registrations procedures.
 1. Choose the right words
Always probe copy alternatives. Consider focusing the marketing text so it addresses customers' personal pain. For instance, for customers who are sensitive to cost, create copy that emphasises the monetary value of the incentives provided.
 1. Ensure wide coverage
Make sure your contextual marketing plan covers a large portion of the subscriber base, or if not, apply a complementary plan to address it. Wide coverage is highly important for achieving the overall desired Top-up lift, so you should consider combining reactive/contextual and proactive communications.
 1. Send time-based offer reminders
Communicate personal reminders (e.g., "You have 3 more days to Top-up 10$ or more and get 5$ back! Top-up today!"). These reminders generate better response rates than invitations, due to their time limit and urgency which triggers a reaction. The recurring effect of the message also increases its effectiveness.
 1. Use benefit reminders cautiously
Be careful when raising awareness to unused benefits or incentives. Such reminders can be risky in terms of user satisfaction and may drive churn.
 1. Send benefit confirmations
Consider issuing a benefit confirmation communication in order to reduce calls to Customer Care and to increase customer delight
 1. Tailor Recharge and Spend flows
Stimulate customers with a personal low balance to recharge their account; motivate customers with a high balance to spend it by proposing new services, activating bundles (one-off or recurring) and so on.
 1. Analyse competitors' offers
While this may seem obvious – still, you must be acquainted with market competitors and their marketing propositions, and visit their web sites and stores occasionally. You can get ideas and implement unique personalised offerings within your Below-The-Line marketing initiatives.
 1. Mix and match
Combine contextual behavioural triggers with special occasions (such as Pay day or a Sports event). For example, during the Olympics you can offer a discounted data bundle for viewing sports news and watching Olympics videos. The contextual offer can target low data users with no data bundle whose current balance supports the data bundle price.


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Student-Centered Learning at Michigan's Education Achievement Authority
Last month, I had the opportunity to visit three schools in Detroit run by Michigan's Education Achievement Authority (EAA). I'll be sharing what I saw and learned on CompetencyWorks over the next couple of weeks.
Background: The EAA is a local education agency with the authority to reinvent Michigan's Priority Schools, previously called Persistently Lowest Achieving (PLA) schools. The EAA is charged with transforming the five (5) percent PLA schools across Michigan by providing increased flexibility and autonomy at the local school level and eliminating the barriers that impede student performance. They are getting results — in Detroit, all of the EAA K-8 schools were in the top twenty schools for growth in achievement.
EAA established a specific model to be implemented with 12 schools initiating the turnaround in 2012 with another set starting implementation in 2013. The model is described as student-centered and is a dynamic integration of mastery-based and blended learning topped off by a no-excuses leadership mentality. In order to implement EAA had to secure a seat-time waiver from the state. EAA is led by John Covington and Mary Esselman. They, their team, and the leadership in the EAA schools are definitely people to watch.
EAA Model: The EAA describes their approach as student-centered (you'll see and hear SCL referred to throughout the schools) in which "pedagogy, assessments, support systems and culture are refocused to facilitate student progress organized around mastery instead of age and seat time." Students learning experiences are personalized through the use of blended learning, and Buzz a powerful teaching and learning platform.
EAA's model is built upon five pillars:
- Students are grouped by readiness, not by grade. Teachers and students refer to levels. There are about two levels for each age-grade. Students are assessed using the Scantron Performance Series when they enter school to assign them their levels in each subject area.
- Students create and assume ownership for their respective personalized learning and success paths and are able to communicate their progress relative to their individualized learning goals. In addition to Buzz that tracks progress, you'll see several rituals in the classrooms in which students mark their progress as well as let teachers know how they are doing.
- Students are allowed to work at their own pace, using a blended delivery system, to master rigorous standards to ensure they graduate college, career, and next-generation ready. Buzz is designed for students to manage their learning through four phases for each unit: Learn, Practice, Apply and Assess. There is a lot of online content but teachers may also direct students to do projects or use other materials. One of the best things about Buzz is teachers can individualize options for students instantly based on their progress and needs.
- Students provide evidence of mastery through relevant performance tasks and common assessments. Assessment is taken seriously with lots of professional development so that teachers have a shared vision of what proficiency looks like for each level. EAA considers three levels of assessment — performance tasks, common assessments and state-level assessments. Students ask for a conference to meet with teachers when they think they are ready for assessment.
- Continuous feedback is provided to students, teachers, administrators and parents through the teaching and learning and the data warehouse. At the student and teacher level there are already many ways they can monitor progress and pace including horizontally (within a level) and vertically (via a learning map of the PK-14 Common Core progression). EAA is still in the process of creating all the types of reports they need for managing a strong continuous improvement process….and there are limits due to interoperability.
The EAA extended the school day to 7.5 hours for students, 8 hours for teachers and the school year to 210 days for students and 220 days for teachers, the typical academic calendar used by high performing nations globally, as opposed to Michigan's 170 days (which is one of the lowest).
Competencies Drive Learning: EAA has transformed standards into "I can" statements to empower students and reinforce that their education is for themselves. However, it is the 12 overall competencies that they expect students to be able to do by the time they graduate, with college readiness being just one of the competencies, that are driving schools to ask "Are we doing all we can to help develop students into young adults?" These competencies demonstrate EAA's student-centered approach thinking well-beyond academic development.
- Resilient and Flexible
- Creative, critical, and analytical thinker
- Driver of innovation and design
- Fiercely globally competitive
- National security minded
- User of data to inform decisions and choice
- Technologically intuitive and savvy
- Environmentally cognizant and sensitive
- College ready without need for remediation
- Mindful of healthy living
- Globally competent
I couldn't help but think the kids are really going to need every one of these skills in the rapidly changing dynamics in Detroit.
Flexibility and Autonomy: EAA has been given the authority to hire the staff they need to run the schools. The schools had fallen into such a state of despair and disrepair that in some cases this was bringing in a new team ready to learn, ready to believe in themselves and students, and ready to embrace a no-excuses mentality. The way that EAA has re-designed functions between the LEA and schools is interesting as it firmly sets the direction while allowing for ongoing continuous improvement. For example:
- EAA supplies the content for Buzz, yet schools can add content to be across the school and teachers can modify the content themselves for their classes or for individual students. This is all done instantly so that students receive personalized content when appropriate. EAA then looks across the content that teachers contribute or that schools select and adding it to Buzz for everyone to use if it strengthens the overall content options.
- EAA takes very strong role in professional development providing online contents, videos of teachers in action, and support from trainers and coaches as teachers build their own skills. Teachers make their own videos to demonstrate their skills, thus adding to the pool of resources from teachers to draw from.
All in all, this is creating a culture of innovation in which schools in their 2nd year of implementation are already seeing new innovations in how schooling is organized and resources deployed on behalf of students.
Results: As we know implementation is challenging. The first year schools had to clean out junk from the schools, form partnerships, engage community and parents (sometimes this meant getting the city to board up empty homes neighboring the school), re-establish expectations for behavior, and train new teachers in personalized, mastery-based, blended learning. Even so, six of the schools had at least 70% of their students with one year of growth or more in reading. That's impressive after one year of implementation.
Stay tuned on posts about Brenda Scott Theatre Arts Academy, the Buzz learning platform and more.


You are hereSentence Jumble
Sentence Jumble
By I - Posted on 22 October 2007
ESL/EFL Game Profile
Name of Game:
Sentence Jumble
Target Students:
Elementary School
Target Students:
Middle School
30-45 minutes
Number of Students:
English Skills:
English Skills:
English Skills:
English Skills:
Review sentence structures and verb tenses
 1. Make a series of sentences, three more than the number of teams in your class
 2. Print the sentences in large text
 3. Cut each sentence into separate words
 4. Put each sentence into its separate envelopes
 5. Number each envelope with a marker
 1. Diving the class into pairs or small groups
 2. Give each team one envelope
 3. Students arrange the words into a correct sentence, copy it into their notebooks, and put words back into envelope
 4. When finished, students say the sentence, show their notebooks, and bring their envelope to the teacher
 5. If sentence is not correct, they go back and fix the error
 6. If sentence is correct, they can swap their envelope for a new one with a different sentence
 7. The first team to unscramble all of the sentences is the winner
 - Use easy sentences for less advanced students
 - Use more complex sentences for more advanced students
This game is a sure success with any level or age group
A big thanks to Brian for this ESL/EFL game!
anu's picture
thank you for this wonderful way of teaching students to make correct worked well it infused fun,learning and healthy competition in the class of adult learners!!!
Firdaus Putra's picture
I am a practical teacher in Malaysia. I used this game during my graded observation by my lecturer and she said the lesson plan was brilliant and excellent! thank u so much! ;)
BB's picture
Thank you Brian! I've had success with both my elementary and middle school students. It's amazing to see how excited they get about learning when I disguise it in a game. Thanks again Brian!
dawong's picture
i am a practical teacher in typical malaysian classroom(crowded and rowdy students)
i like to try this game for my Subject verb Agreement lesson.


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Keywords:Paleomagnetism, Reunion, polarity transition
The Chikura group, covering the Upper Pliocene – Lower Pleistocene, is distributed in the Southernmost part of the Boso Peninsula, Chiba Prefecture, Japan. The group is thought to be a marine deposit filled on the landward slope basin of the paleo-Sagami trouhg. Okada et al. (2012) constructed a paleomagnetic and oxygen isotopic stratigraphies, covering between about 2.3 and 3.5 Ma (MIS G16 to 93), for the Mera and the Minamiasai Formations consisting of the Chikura Group. The tephra bed, seen in the top horizon of the section studied by Okada et al., (2012), can be correlated to a tephra bed found at the bottom horizon of our study section where the Hata Formation laying on and party interfingered with the Minamiasai Formation. This observation indicates that our study section is suitable for reconstruction of stratigraphic records, including the geomagnetic filed variation, for the period younger than 2.3 Ma. For rock-magnetic and paleomagneitc measurements, we collected several mini-cores using a portable engine drill at every 1 - 4 m stratigraphic interval, and collected a mini-core at every 10 cm interval around reversal boundaries associated with the Réunion Subchronozone.The demagnetization methods evaluated in this study are the alternating filed demagnetization (AFD) with 5 mT increments up to 80 mT, the thermal demagnetization (ThD) 50 °C increments up to 600 °C, a hybrid method consisting of ThD at 250 °C and the AFD sequence. Among those methods, only the Hybrid method provided data passing the reversal test. So, we selected the Hybrid method as to provide paleomagentic data from the study section. As the results, the declination of a mean magnetization direction from the whole section without the reversal boundaries is calculated as 11.1 ± 5.7° indicating a clockwise rotation. Kotake et al. (1995) reported that the average paleomagentic declination indicated a clockwise rotation in the Chikura group due to a tectonic rotation supposed to be caused by a collision of the Izu Massif to the Honshu Island at around 1 Ma. To deduce the virtual geomagnetic poles (VGPs), we corrected our declination data using the average value of -11.1 °.We detected the Réunion Subchronozone including a geomagnetic excursion at a horizon of 4.7 m thickness. The VGPs are through the Africa in the lower reversal boundary, and stay on the southern south America in the upper reversal boundary. In addition, the VGPs of the excursion found in the Réunion Subchronozone stay in the East Asia. We compared the VGPs of this study with the results from ODP site 981 (Channell et al.,2003). Although they show different paths, both VGPs seem to pass through the "preferred longitudinal bands" frequently observed during geomagnetic polarity transitions (e.g. Hoffman, 1992)ReferenceOkada et al., 2012, Jour. Geol. Soc. Japan, 118, 97–108.Kotake et al., 1995, Jour. Geol. Soc. Japan, 101, 515–531.Channell et al., 2003, Earth Planet. Sci. Letters, 215, 1-12.


You are here
Committee for Occupational Safety
Tasks of the College Committee for Occupational Safety
The following tasks of the committee for occupational safety have been approved at the committee second meeting held on Monday 3rd, 1435H:
 1. Follow up implementation of instructions and requirements of occupational safety in all college sites including laboratories.
 2. Follow up on provision of the means of fire protection and its efficiency and readiness.
 4. Evaluate the risk of work environment, and prepare and provide guidance instructions for means of safe work.
 5. Coordination to train employees on the use of fire prevention tools and evacuation procedures in case of emergency.
 6. Coordination to conduct mock evacuation plans in case of emergency.
 7. Prepare reports on various cases of accidents and undertake decisions to resolve causes.
 8. Study cases of safety violation and encroachment that have been submitted to the committee.
Please click here to see the list of current members of COE Ocupational Safety Committee


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With the specification of Phases 0 & 1 of Eth2.0 reaching a comfortable level of detail, the research focus is shifting towards Phase 2: State Execution. One of the most important aspect of this phase is the handling of cross-shard communication, which determines the scalability of the sharded blockchain system, capability of execution environments, and the overall user experience. This post aims to provide readers with an overview of the design space for cross-shard communication, and look at the leading proposals among the available choices.
The design of cross-shard communication can be separated into two layers:
- Consensus layer, which handles the delivery of cross-shard messages. Design choices here affect the scalability of the sharded blockchain system.
- Execution layer, which concerns the interface for cross-shard transfers and contract calls. Design choices here affect the capabilities of execution environments.
The consensus layer of cross-shard communication is responsible for delivering cross-shard messages across partitions of our sharded blockchain system. The main challenge is keeping the design scalable while providing strong guarantees about the liveness of cross-shard messages. This layer can be divided into two parts:
- Send/Receive finality
- Data delivery
The source & destination shards have to finalize the send & receive of the cross-shard message respectively. The design choices for this are:
- Asynchronous: The source shard decides on sending the message first, and the destination shard can decide on receiving this message at any time in the future.
- Synchronous: The destination shard finalizes the receive of the message within a bounded period after the source shard finalizes the send. There are various ways to achieve this:
- Shards run some consensus protocol between themselves and decide on sending & receiving at the same time, e.g.: Sharded Byzantine Atomic Commit
- The source shard individually decides on sending first, and the destination shard's fork choice must receive within some period of time, e.g.: CBC Casper cross-shard messaging. This approach requires a shard hierarchy to exist between the source and destination, otherwise deadlocks can arise due to conflicting sends and receives.
- Put cross-shard messages on the beacon chain and force the destination shards to receive them before their next crosslink. (Note: this imposes a scalability limit, see protocol-delivered mechanism in the next section)
The synchronous approach is incompatible with the design of Eth2.0, since it requires the shards to coordinate the finalization of sends and receives in some manner.
The previous mechanism concerns the finality of the send & receive, which is not the same as actually completing the sending or reception of the message. This is the task of the data delivery mechanism. (The difference between these will be highlighted in the "user-delivered" approach in this section)
The design of Eth2.0 enforces that any consensus activity happens only in the beacon chain. This means that all cross-shard messages must "flow" through the beacon chain. This presents us with two choices regarding the delivery of the cross-shard message data:
- Protocol-delivered: The protocol delivers the complete data of the cross-shard message by making it available on the beacon chain. This increases the overhead on the beacon chain and seriously affects the scalability of the system.
- User-delivered: The protocol comes to consensus only on the minimal information about cross-shard messages – merkle roots of cross-shard messages from each shard block. The user is then responsible for delivering the merkle branch associated with the cross-shard message to the destination shard. This approach is more Eth2.0-esque, since it follows the general principle of forming consensus only over merkle roots on the beacon chain.
Proposed Design for the Consensus Layer
In order to prioritize the scalability of the system in the tradeoff spectrum, the solution with asynchronous send/receive finality and user-delivered data is the leading proposal. The workflow for, say, sending ether from
user 1 on
shard A to
user 2 on
shard B is as follows:
user 1creates transaction
shard Athat debits it's balance from
EE1, and states the target to apply the credit as
- When a crosslink from
shard Ais included in the beacon chain, a merkle root that collects all cross-shard transactions since the last crosslink appears on the beacon chain. This is the evidence for the inclusion of
shard Beventually becomes aware of this merkle root on the beacon chain, and
user 2creates transaction
TX2that shows the merkle proof of inclusion of
shard B. This allows a debit of the appropriate amount to
user 2's balance on
The execution layer of cross-shard communication provides an interface for users and contracts to make cross-shard transfers and contract calls. The design space of this layer has not been explored well yet. Recent discussions about this layer include:
- Cross-shard calls in execution environments
- Reliable transfer of value between shards
The basic question that this component answers is: What happens when an EE calls a function of another EE on a different shard? The design space for this is not unique to sharded-blockchain-land. It's the same as any system where the execution of an application is separated across multiple partitions, e.g.:
- single threaded vs. multi-threaded systems
- single computer vs. network application systems
Inspired by the above systems, a simple design for this component would be the following types of calls (Vlad Zamfir pointed this out in Dec 2018):
- Asynchronous call with no return
- Asynchronous call with callback specified
- Synchronous call
Alternative approached include various advanced concurrent programming paradigms such as protolambda's commit capabilities post.