. Place the ball of flour onto your work surface and knead it for approximately 5-7 minutes, until it becomes smooth and elastic. Use a clock or watch to keep track of the approximate time you spent kneading. Note the amount of time you spent kneading in your lab notebook so you can knead for the same amount of time in later trials. If you are unfamiliar with kneading, this is the process of pressing down on the dough ball with your palms, and then pulling it back up again and rotating it slightly with your fingertips. This cycle is repeated over and over again.
Side-by-side photos showing the pushing (with the palms) and pulling (with the fingertips) process of kneading.
Figure 4. These photos show the pushing and pulling process of kneading.
 1. Repeat steps 3–4 for your other two bowls of flour. Be sure to knead all the flours for the same amount of time. At the end of the kneading process, you should have three smooth-looking elastic balls of dough.
 2. Place your three balls of dough back in their small bowls and let them rest and relax for about 10 minutes.
Photo showing three smooth, elastic balls of dough in three, small bowls.
Figure 5. This photo shows how the balls of dough will look after kneading.
 1. Now it's time to find out how much gluten is inside those balls of dough. If you thought kneading was icky and gooey, brace yourself for the next step! Place your strainer in the sink. Some strainers are "stand-alone," meaning they have legs to support them inside the sink, while others need to be placed over a bowl or propped against the edge of the sink. Either way, make sure your strainer is over a sink where the faucet can reach it.
 2. Take one of the balls of dough to the sink and cup it in your hands over the strainer. Let cold water run on it as you gently pull and stretch it apart, as shown below. The water will wash away the water-soluble parts, like the carbohydrates, but will leave behind the insoluble protein, the gluten, that you developed while you were kneading. The starch that is being washed away will look like a milky liquid. Continue rinsing your ball of dough until very little milky liquid is coming out and only a sticky, stringy ball remains.
Side-by-side photos showing how to rinse, stretch, and knead the balls of dough under running water inside a strainer to extract the gluten.
Figure 6. These photos show how to rinse off the ball of dough inside a strainer.
 1. Rinse off your strainer to remove any debris, and repeat step 8 for the other two balls of dough. At the end of the rinsing process, you should have three balls of gluten.
 2. Measure the diameter of each ball of gluten with a ruler. Record your measurements in a data table, like the one below, in your lab notebook.
This photo shows a ball of gluten resulting from the extraction process being measured with a ruler.
Figure 7. This photo shows the measurement of the diameter of one ball of gluten.
 1. Repeat steps 1–10 two more times so that you have a total of three trials for the three different types of flour.
 2. Average the diameters of your balls of gluten for each type of flour and record the averages in your data table. Which type of flour produced the smallest diameter gluten ball, on average? Which produced the largest? Does this make sense based on the type of foods that each flour is used to create?
Gluten Ball Diameter Data Table
Flour Type Pastry Flour (example) All-purpose Flour (example) Whole Wheat Flour (example)
Trial 1: Gluten Ball Diameter (cm)
Trial 2: Gluten Ball Diameter (cm)
Trial 3: Gluten Ball Diameter (cm)
Average Gluten Ball Diameter (cm)
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 - Use a kitchen scale, such as the Fast Weigh MS-500-BLK Digital Pocket Scale, 500 by 0.1 G, available from Amazon.com, to evaluate the gluten balls, based on weight, rather than diameter.
 - Choose one type of flour and create three equally sized balls of dough from it with different degrees of kneading: no kneading, 5 minutes of kneading, and 10 minutes of kneading. Rinse the three balls of dough and evaluate the gluten balls that are created, either by weight or by diameter.
 - Select one type of flour and make doughs with different additives, such as salt, sugar, or oil. Compare the development of gluten within these doughs.
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We have classes for all ages and levels of experience. Browse our course catalog, or register now!
An introduction to the basics of music improv, this eight-week course covers all of the essentials skills needed to succeed in creating improvised songs and musical scenes. Strengthen your vocal technique, improve your musicianship, learn to rhyme, and apply your existing improv skills in song.
$320/$290 early registration, 8 weeks, 3 hours
Prerequisites: Improv Level E or equivalent, Intro to Music, or Vocal Basics: Song & Character
Music Improv Fundamentals TERM 4 2013
Music Improv full-day and half-day Immersions are being offered this summer as part of our Specialty Immersion programs.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Celtic robes were worn by followers of the goddess religions in ancient Wales and the British Isles. Druid priests still wear the long, hooded white robes that designate their order to Stonehenge Summer Solstice celebrations. Celtic robes that echo ancient times are simple to make.
- Skill level:
Other People Are Reading
Things you need
- White hooded robe (plain)
- Contrasting trim
- 9 foot cording
- Green fabric paint or embroidery thread
Select a white robe, or one in a natural, organic shade. Ancient Celtic robes reflect personal qualities and are central to Druid identity. Consider the weight and texture of the fabric as well as how it fits---Druid priests considered the robes to be their skin.
Add fabric trim that contrasts with the robe or is associated with your favourite god or goddess. Sew the trim from the front bottom edge of the robe, up along the lapel, around the neck and down the opposite lapel to the bottom of the robe.
For a man, embroider or draw a green pentacle on the right sleeve or cuff. Pentacles display the degree of your Druid knowledge and become increasingly ornate with advanced knowledge.
Add a cord in a colour that matches or contrasts with the robe. In ancient times, Druid priests used a rolled cord, called Gwyddon Cord, to measure temples. This cord, used as a belt, is 9 feet long and has 5 knots. Each end is knotted, with a knot precisely in the middle and a knot exactly between each end and the middle knot.
- 20 of the funniest online reviews ever
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- Hilarious things Google thinks you're trying to search for

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text:
Salem Village Discord
Although Salem Village did not have the greatest number of accused witches — that sad distinction, we have seen, goes to Andover — it was a pivotal center of events in 1692. The outbreak began in the village; the primary afflicted girls and their supportive families were residents of the village; and the village's minister, Samuel Parris, was a zealous and relentless advocate of the proceedings. Hence the perennial question: Why Salem Village?
Salem Village had a long history of factionalism and contention. There were disputes with Salem Town, contention with its first three ministers as well as with its first ordained minister, Samuel Parris, and controversies involving its elected Committee of Five. The 1692 witch-hunt took place within the context of village divisiveness. But did these divisions actually provoke and shape the outbreak, and if so, in what way? To investigate these questions, it is necessary to examine Salem Village's factional divisions, adapting an approach first systematically exploited in Paul Boyer and Stephen Nissenbaum's pioneering study, Salem Possessed. Using information gathered from church and village records, petitions, and committee lists, we can identify social and economic characteristics that distinguished Salem Village's clashing factions and consider whether these differences contributed to the witch hunt of 1692.
To explore Salem Village's social, political, and economic fault lines, click Next.


text:
The restoration of optical images, as well as the unfolding of spectroscopic and other data that have been convolved with a window function or an instrumental impulse response, can be viewed as the solution of an integral equation. Solution of such an integral equation when the data are corrupted by noise or experimental error is treated as the problem of finding an estimate that is a linear functional of the data and minimizes the mean squared error between the true solution and itself. The estimate depends on assumptions about the spectral densities of the images and the noise, the choice of which is discussed. Coherent optical processing and digital processing are described.
CARL W. HELSTROM, "Image Restoration by the Method of Least Squares," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 57, 297-303 (1967)


text:
Gran's Plotting for End Point Detection
©David L. Zellmer, Ph.D.
Gran's plotting is a method of end point detection that uses a linear decrease in the millimoles of chloride in the region well before the end point of the titration curve (Frontside Gran's). If the correct region is found, extrapolation to zero millimoles of chloride will intersect the volume axis at the end point. In the region following the end point, a similar linear plot of silver increase can also be extrapolated to the end point (Backside Gran's). The linearizing functions are based on the Nernst equation E=E1+S logC, where C is the molar concentration of the ion measured. S is the slope of the electrode used, typically +or- 59.2 mV for a univalent ion at 25o C. Solving for C and multiplying by the volume to get millimoles the functions become:
Vo is the initial volume of the solution in the titrated beaker. Vml is the volume added from the buret. E is the potential in millivolts. E1 is the first potential used in the Frontside Gran's Plot. A second value of E1 is used for the Backside plot. In the Backside case we choose the last value plotted. (I know this is confusing. Check out the Example below.) The Scale Factor in the Backside Gran's function is chosen to provide values that graph on the same chart as the Frontside values. The sign for the electrode slope S is reversed in the Backside equation. these differences between Front and Back arise from the fact that we first plot the decrease of the millimoles of Clon the Frontside, then we plot the increase in the millimoles of Ag+ on the backside. The concentrations of silver ion and chloride ion are inversely related through the Ksp expression.
This will all make a lot more sense when you actually try this on a spreadsheet.
To work up the data we have to:
A portion of the E vs. Volume data is shown on this part of the spreadsheet. The Gran's regions are chosen from the parts of the curve that lie on either side of the end point. Don't approach too closely to the end point or the Gran's function will go non-linear. You can check this by plotting the Gran's function vs. volume and checking it for linearity. A common error that students make is to compute the Gran's function for the entire curve, and then wonder why they can't fit a straight line through it.
The formula for the first cell in the Gran's function is shown in the graphic above.
When I first used this function I found that my values went UP as I approached the end point, rather than going down as they should. I fixed this by using a negative value for S, the slope of the electrode response. E1 Frontside is chosen as the first potential used in the Gran's function.
The E1 value for this Backside plot is chosen from cell B39, the last E used in the function. When both functions were plotted on the same graph, the Backside plot was somewhat higher on the graph, so the Scale Factor was adjusted until both plots were about the same size on the graph. (Remember, first plot the Frontside Gran's vs. Volume, then use Paste Special... to paste the Backside series on top of the existing Frontside series.)
The data look linear, so we will proceed with the Linear Least Squares analysis. See the LLS tutorials elsewhere for details on how to do this. In this example:
The values for the Backside column are analogous.
The potentials plotted in this example contain small amounts of potential measurement error common to real analyses. The volume intercepts are near the ideal value of 30.00 mL, but not exactly equal to it. The Frontside value is 30.08 mL and the Backside value is 30.11 mL. Dividing the standard deviation about regression (STEYX()) by the slope gives us an estimate of the volume standard deviation, about +or- 0.28 mL for these plots. The data you use from the lab may contain a lot more error than this, giving rise to some pretty strange looking plots. It is common that the Gran's method fails on one side or the other of the end point.
By the way, a common student error is to place the end point where the Frontside and Backside plots cross each other. This is not correct. Each graph is a separate estimate of the end point, and uses the point where the plot crosses the volume axis.
The lines in the plot shown were created using the Trendline... command in Excel 5.0. Options allow you to select the kind of line used, and how far past the data the line extends so the volume axis can be crossed.
David L. Zellmer, Ph.D.This page was last updated on 3 March 1997
Department of Chemistry
California State University, Fresno


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HERITAGE GOES GREEN
Upgrading Windows in Heritage Buildings
Conserve Energy & Heritage at the Same Time
Climate change action is something everyone is concerned with today. The BC government has pledged to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption. A new BC Green Building Code is coming that will require higher energy efficiency standards for both new construction and rehabilitation projects. Can heritage buildings measure up to these new demands without sacrificing the very qualities that we value in them?
Many energy upgrades (such as installing energy star appliances) do no harm to vintage buildings. Some, however, such as window replacement, can have a significant negative impact:
"We tend to take windows for granted. Yet we recognize that heritage buildings whose windows have been replaced have been diminished. The depth and thickness of frames and sills, the width and visual weight of sash components, the materials, the colour and the pattern of light reflecting off the glass—all complement and elaborate the architectural style, texture and age of a building. Much of this character is lost when windows are replaced with modern versions that lack these features."
— Craig Sims and Andrew Powter: Repair or Replace: Windows in Historic Buildings - Arriving at a Sustainable Solution
The BC Heritage Branch recently hired a University of Victoria Engineering student to research and design window energy conservation solutions that would not harm heritage character. Here are some of her suggestions:
National Resources Canada (NRC) also offers these tips on repair, draft proofing and insulation to improve window energy efficiency:
NRC provides specific advice on caulking and weatherstripping:
Ongoing maintenance is a very important part of the building use and care, and good window conservation is no exception. Windows in historic buildings have usually been in service for a long time – often 100 years or more – proving their durability, functionality and worth. A good overhaul and retrofit will ensure their longevity and upgrade their functionality for another 100 years. This is more likely to provide long term solutions than inserting a replacement window and throwing out the original frame, sash and glass. Most of today's manufactured replacement windows carry warranties of about 8-10 years and failures are usually not repairable. Maintenance and conservation are very green behaviors.
For current news articles about Sustainability
Read more about residential upgrades
BY JENNIFER IREDALE, BC HERITAGE BRANCH
Maintenance and conservation of heritage windows are very green behaviors.


As far as I can tell, any member access is also an access to the aggregate and thus declares an effective type, ie we get an allocated object which is too small to actually contain a value of its type.
This smells like undefined behaviour, but I can't actually back that from the standard, and there are also reasonable arguments supporting the other interpretation.
share|improve this answer
You might think you are saving 4 or 8 bytes but your memory allocation can be aligned. If you are using gcc and its 16-byte aligned you can get something like this.
for (int i = 0; i <= 64; i++) {
 char *p = (char *) malloc(i);
 char *q = (char *) malloc(i);
 long long t = q - p;
 cout << "malloc(" << i << ") used " << t << " bytes " << endl;
malloc(0) used 32 bytes
malloc(1) used 32 bytes
malloc(2) used 32 bytes
malloc(3) used 32 bytes
malloc(4) used 32 bytes
malloc(5) used 32 bytes
malloc(6) used 32 bytes
malloc(7) used 32 bytes
malloc(8) used 32 bytes
malloc(9) used 32 bytes
malloc(10) used 32 bytes
malloc(11) used 32 bytes
malloc(12) used 32 bytes
malloc(13) used 32 bytes
malloc(14) used 32 bytes
malloc(15) used 32 bytes
malloc(16) used 32 bytes
malloc(17) used 32 bytes
malloc(18) used 32 bytes
malloc(19) used 32 bytes
malloc(20) used 32 bytes
malloc(21) used 32 bytes
malloc(22) used 32 bytes
malloc(23) used 32 bytes
malloc(24) used 32 bytes
malloc(25) used 48 bytes
malloc(26) used 48 bytes
malloc(27) used 48 bytes
malloc(28) used 48 bytes
malloc(29) used 48 bytes
malloc(30) used 48 bytes
malloc(31) used 48 bytes
malloc(32) used 48 bytes
malloc(33) used 48 bytes
malloc(34) used 48 bytes
malloc(35) used 48 bytes
malloc(36) used 48 bytes
malloc(37) used 48 bytes
malloc(38) used 48 bytes
malloc(39) used 48 bytes
malloc(40) used 48 bytes
malloc(41) used 64 bytes
malloc(42) used 64 bytes
malloc(43) used 64 bytes
malloc(44) used 64 bytes
malloc(45) used 64 bytes
malloc(46) used 64 bytes
malloc(47) used 64 bytes
malloc(48) used 64 bytes
malloc(49) used 64 bytes
malloc(50) used 64 bytes
malloc(51) used 64 bytes
malloc(52) used 64 bytes
malloc(53) used 64 bytes
malloc(54) used 64 bytes
malloc(55) used 64 bytes
malloc(56) used 64 bytes
malloc(57) used 80 bytes
malloc(58) used 80 bytes
malloc(59) used 80 bytes
malloc(60) used 80 bytes
malloc(61) used 80 bytes
malloc(62) used 80 bytes
malloc(63) used 80 bytes
malloc(64) used 80 bytes
Depending on your system, it could be the case that whether you use malloc(0) or malloc(24) the same amount of memory is used.
share|improve this answer
The saving of 4 bytes in an allocation is almost meaningless unless you are talking about many tens of thousands of them, and in that case you are likely to want to use a pool allocation scheme with "freed" structs temporarily but on an "available" list (the "pool") instead of constantly freeing and reallocating them. I'll guarantee it will be faster. But to use such a scheme cleanly, all the re-usable parts need to be easily interchangeable -- that is, have the "size_t pos" member.
So, yes, what you're thinking of doing is perfectly legal; I am just not sure it is worth the complication and the lack of flexibility it imposes.
share|improve this answer
It doesn't impose any lack of flexibility, though, because in literally every situation I'll have to handle the type data differently based on the condition anyway. I have to make the check and have two different blocks of code anyway, so there's no real added complication. – Chris Lutz Sep 9 '11 at 20:48
Your Answer


text:
Monday, January 22, 2007
Why Did the Chicken Cross the Road?
Agee, Jon. 2006. WHY DID THE CHICKEN CROSS THE ROAD? New York: Dial. ISBN _PHONE_ [Suggested Grade Levels 1 – 6]
Although this eclectic picture book will amuse anyone, it holds special appeal for fans of contemporary children's picture book art. In it, fourteen of today's most successful picture book artists visually answer the perennial question: Why did the chicken cross the road?
The scenarios depicted range as widely as the artists' recognizable styles. Marla Frazee begins by contrasting a chicken coop beneath gloomy wet skies against a colorful chicken palace on the sunny side of the street. A single word--"duh"--hovers above the chicken. Later, David Shannon shows a chicken at the wheel of a red convertible filled with barnyard animals. The caption reads "because the light was green!" In contrast, Harry Bliss says that to answer the question we should "ask the mutated zombie chickens from Mars!" He then pictures a chicken hot footing it across the road with a legion of bug eyed, sharp-toothed, green-tongued chickens in pursuit.
Children will enjoy identifying the various artists and associating this art with familiar books. As with anything, they will likely appreciate the style and humor of some inclusions more than others. Sharing this book presents a great opportunity to talk about varying tastes and points of view.
Encourage children to brainstorm other ideas about why the chicken crossed the road and to illustrate their ideas in their own unique artistic style.
Jokes and riddles for beginning readers:
Hall, Katy. DINO RIDDLES. ISBN 9780142501795, _PHONE_
Helmer, Marilyn. CRITTER RIDDLES. ISBN 9781553374459, _PHONE_
For older readers:
Brewer, Paul. YOU MUST BE JOKING! ISBN 9780812626612, _PHONE_
Thomas, Lyn. HA! HA! HA!: 1000+ JOKES, RIDDLES, FACTS AND MORE. ISBN _PHONE_, 9781897066126
By Suzy Parchman


text:
The metrics message producer shown in Figure 3–3 receives information from the metrics generator at regular intervals and writes the information into messages, which it then sends to one of a number of metric topic destinations, depending on the type of metric information contained in the message.
Message Queue clients subscribed to these metric topic destinations can consume the messages and process the metric data contained in the messages. This allows developers to create custom monitoring tools to support messaging applications. For details of the metric quantities reported in each type of metrics message, see Chapter 20, Metrics Information Reference, in Sun Java System Message Queue 4.3 Administration Guide. For information about how to configure the production of metrics messages, see Chapter 4, Using the Metrics Monitoring API, in Sun Java System Message Queue 4.3 Developer's Guide for Java Clients and Using the Message-Based Monitoring API in Sun Java System Message Queue 4.3 Administration Guide.


text:
How to Neutralise Mother Tongue Influence (MTI) while speaking English?
Hello English learners & Overseas Aspirants!
I have a very interesting and relatable topic to discuss today: How to neutralise mother tongue influence (MTI) while speaking English? It is interesting because most of us are unaware of the fact that at times we speak English like Punjabi, Gujarati, Telugu or Bengali. We usually blame dialects for this, especially when we hear the words like 'see' instead of 'she', 'phonts' instead of 'fonts', 'veener' instead of 'winner', 'iskool' instead of school, 'understandabul' instead of 'understandable.'
After becoming aware of mistakes which we make while using English with interference of sounds from the mother tongue, we happen to lose our confidence when speaking English in public which may result into embarrassment or hatred for English language. Don't you worry as this is not a serious problem and it can be overcome with the right practice.
How to Neutralise Mother Tongue Influence (MTI) while Speaking English?
Mother tongue influence (MTI) means the impact of the usage of our mother tongue on the second language; for example, English. In other words, we can figure out the ethnicity/nationality of someone with the way he/she uses the dialects that interferes with English speaking. This is very common in India.
The fact that impressive English speaking is key to good communication skills cannot be denied, and with grammar and vocabulary, pronunciation too is given equal weightage worldwide. However, the evidence of mother tongue influence is obvious, so this manifests in the form of incorrect pronunciation.
Why do People Face MTI Problem?
The biggest reason for MTI problem is the lack of importance given to pronunciation in most of Indian schools because the number of dialects in India is too high; hence, it is very difficult to pick each one for research and neutralise it. So, it is considered a serious challenge faced by English teachers across India.
What can be done to Overcome Mother Tongue Influence?
It might sound like a pipedream to practice and master the sounds of consonants and vowels (phonetics); however, it is not so. Here are some ways to get rid of mother-tongue influence while using English.
- Well, reading the Oxford dictionary is highly recommended to know the pronunciation of each word as the words are also spelled phonetically; e.g.: cuisine /kwɪˈziːn/.
- Practicing tongue-twisters may also help in improving the pronunciation particularly of homophonic words, and to learn differentiate between the sound of consonants like 's-sound', 'f-sound', etc.
- Start watching English news on Star World, CNN, BBC if you haven't started yet. Honestly speaking, I find this option quite boring, so I prefer watching English series from Netflix because I find it recreational and interesting.
Undoubtedly, watching English news would be a great help as you would also improve your fluency by imitating the newsreader.
- Usage of Artificial intelligence eg: SIRI, google assistant for detection of the words. You may have to keep pronouncing the same word until Siri or google assistant detects it and bingo! There you go!
- Read aloud in English for 15-20 minutes daily and record your voice. I prefer to read aloud from the newspaper or magazines. Research has proven the fact that it takes at least three months to develop strong mouth muscles to speak a new language.
So, use all the tips to prevent the interference of regional language while using English. Feel free to reach out to me. All the best!
The students who are appearing for PTE at Aspire Square tend to get an extra practice of the question types of Speaking module such as Read aloud, repeat sentences, re-tell lectures and describe image with accurate pronunciation and intonation; thus, making us PTE Coaching Centre in Ahmedabad, Surat and Vadodara.
CELPIP: Obtain a High Score in Your CELPIP Writing Tasks
If you are thinking to prepare to migrate to Canada then you should clear some selection criteria for...
CRS – An Essential Constituent to Achieve Canadian PR Through Express Entry
A high CRS score is imperative to leverage the job opportunities Canada is holding. The score determi...


text:
When should Santa Clara residents conserve water? Always!
Whether it was a year of heavy rains or a winter without many wet days, residents need to conserve water whenever possible. Between 1950 and 2000, the U.S. population nearly doubled, but the country's thirst for water nearly tripled!
Depending on geographic location and time of year, landscape water use can account for 1/3 of a residence's total water use. Indoors, the average household uses 200 gallons of water each day. Wastewater from bathtubs, faucets, dishwashers, showers, washing machines and toilets is piped through the sanitary sewer system to the San Jose/Santa Clara Water Pollution Control Plant where it is treated and discharged as fresh water into the Bay.
Although this is "fresh water," it still threatens the fragile ecosystem of the San Francisco Bay-Delta. This is an estuary where salt water and fresh water meet. Too much fresh water upsets the balance of the wetlands, converts salt marsh habitat and endangers wildlife including two endangered species, the salt marsh harvest mouse and the California clapper rail.
The wetlands serve as a natural filter for pollutants. This is critically important since the Bay and Delta irrigates nearly half of the nation's fruits and vegetables and provides drinking water for more than 20 million Californians.


++ed by:
2 PAUSE users
Kevin Ryde
Math::NumSeq::ReReplace -- sequence of repeated replacements
 use Math::NumSeq::ReReplace;
 my $seq = Math::NumSeq::ReReplace->new;
This is a sequence by David Madore formed by repeatedly replacing every N'th occurrence of a term with N.
 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 3, 1, 2, 4, 4, 3, 4,...
As per
The generating procedure begins with all 1s,
 stage 0: 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,...
Then every second 1 is changed to 2
 stage 1: 1,2,1,2,1,2,1,2,1,2,1,2,...
Then every third 1 is changed to 3, and every third 2 changed to 3 also,
 stage 2: 1,2,1,2,3,3,1,2,1,2,3,3,...
Then every fourth 1 becomes 4, every fourth 2 becomes 4, and every fourth 3 becomes 4.
 stage 3: 1,2,1,2,3,3,1,2,4,4,3,4,...
The replacement by N of every Nth is applied separately to the 1s, 2s, 3s etc remaining at each stage.
The optional stage => $n parameter limits the replacements to a given number of stages of the algorithm. The default -1 means unlimited.
$seq = Math::NumSeq::ReReplace->new ()
$seq = Math::NumSeq::ReRound->new (stages => $integer)
Create and return a new sequence object.
$bool = $seq->pred($value)
Return true if $value occurs in the sequence. This merely means integer $value >= 1.
Math::NumSeq, Math::NumSeq::ReRound
Copyright 2012, 2013, 2014 Kevin Ryde


text:
What is the meaning of the name Guri?
The name Guri is primarily a female name of Indian origin that means Hindu Goddess Of Plenty.
People who like the name Guri also like:
Names that sound like Guri:
Stats for the Name Guri


A lot of thesaurus - A little bit dictionary
Overview of verb judge
1. judge -- (determine the result of (a competition))
2. evaluate, pass judgment, judge -- (form a critical opinion of; "I cannot judge some works of modern art"; "How do you evaluate this grant proposal?" "We shouldn't pass judgment on other people")
4. pronounce, label, judge -- (pronounce judgment on; "They labeled him unfit to work here")
5. judge, adjudicate, try -- (put on trial or hear a case and sit as the judge at the trial of; "The football star was tried for the murder of his wife"; "The judge tried both father and son in separate trials")


text:
PRESS RELEASE: US News | September 1, 2022
The US education system is enduring a teacher shortage crisis.
Post-pandemic burnout, comparatively low pay, and difficulty managing the educational and emotional needs of students are some reasons teachers are leaving the profession.
The teacher shortage is forcing full-time teachers to surrender prep time to cover classes, and principals are being pulled from their responsibilities to teach. However, pooling existing resources doesn't even scratch the surface. Many states are granting emergency substitute teaching licenses to fill the void. One school district in Illinois, USA employs 100 daily substitute teachers in a school system of 450 full-time teachers.
One of the unsung heroes within a school are the substitute coordinators. They are responsible for providing incoming subs with the information and tools they need. With 1:1 device programs as the new norm, substitute teachers are often required to use a tablet or laptop for student communication and to access lesson plans. Managing this technology has placed an additional burden on sub coordinators and IT teams alike. Due to the influx of daily subs, sub coordinators are under stress when checking in teachers for the day, and substitute teachers are frazzled before they even step foot in a classroom.
One innovative way schools are improving conditions is by using a smart locker to automate the substitute teacher check in/check out processes. Here's how it works: a FUYL TowerTM Smart Locker, powered by LocknCharge Cloud, stores fully-charged devices and other teaching materials in individually-lockable bays. The substitute teacher is assigned a bay and a PIN number, allowing them to quickly access items inside without assistance.
Because sub coordinators start early in the morning and are typically gone before the end of the school day, a smart locker provides a secure location for teachers to return and charge devices without oversight.
This approach also benefits IT teams who spend less time locating and replacing missing devices. Tower activity is logged in the LocknCharge Cloud portal to show when and by who a bay was accessed.
With droves of new full-time teachers entering the district mid-year, smart lockers are also being used to automate new teacher onboarding. The result is a reduction in stress and less wasted time throughout the school system.
To learn more, contact LocknCharge – the experts in device management solutions for schools.


Dynamic Kubelet Configuration
Dynamic Kubelet Configuration
Author: Michael Taufen (Google)
Why Dynamic Kubelet Configuration?
Kubernetes provides API-centric tooling that significantly improves workflows for managing applications and infrastructure. Most Kubernetes installations, however, run the Kubelet as a native process on each host, outside the scope of standard Kubernetes APIs.
In the past, this meant that cluster administrators and service providers could not rely on Kubernetes APIs to reconfigure Kubelets in a live cluster. In practice, this required operators to either ssh into machines to perform manual reconfigurations, use third-party configuration management automation tools, or create new VMs with the desired configuration already installed, then migrate work to the new machines. These approaches are environment-specific and can be expensive.
Dynamic Kubelet configuration gives cluster administrators and service providers the ability to reconfigure Kubelets in a live cluster via Kubernetes APIs.
What is Dynamic Kubelet Configuration?
Kubernetes v1.10 made it possible to configure the Kubelet via a beta config file API. Kubernetes already provides the ConfigMap abstraction for storing arbitrary file data in the API server.
Dynamic Kubelet configuration extends the Node object so that a Node can refer to a ConfigMap that contains the same type of config file. When a Node is updated to refer to a new ConfigMap, the associated Kubelet will attempt to use the new configuration.
How does it work?
Dynamic Kubelet configuration provides the following core features:
 - Kubelet attempts to use the dynamically assigned configuration.
 - Kubelet "checkpoints" configuration to local disk, enabling restarts without API server access.
 - Kubelet reports assigned, active, and last-known-good configuration sources in the Node status.
 - When invalid configuration is dynamically assigned, Kubelet automatically falls back to a last-known-good configuration and reports errors in the Node status.
To use the dynamic Kubelet configuration feature, a cluster administrator or service provider will first post a ConfigMap containing the desired configuration, then set each Node.Spec.ConfigSource.ConfigMap reference to refer to the new ConfigMap. Operators can update these references at their preferred rate, giving them the ability to perform controlled rollouts of new configurations.
Each Kubelet watches its associated Node object for changes. When the Node.Spec.ConfigSource.ConfigMap reference is updated, the Kubelet will "checkpoint" the new ConfigMap by writing the files it contains to local disk. The Kubelet will then exit, and the OS-level process manager will restart it. Note that if the Node.Spec.ConfigSource.ConfigMap reference is not set, the Kubelet uses the set of flags and config files local to the machine it is running on.
Once restarted, the Kubelet will attempt to use the configuration from the new checkpoint. If the new configuration passes the Kubelet's internal validation, the Kubelet will update Node.Status.Config to reflect that it is using the new configuration. If the new configuration is invalid, the Kubelet will fall back to its last-known-good configuration and report an error in Node.Status.Config.
Note that the default last-known-good configuration is the combination of Kubelet command-line flags with the Kubelet's local configuration file. Command-line flags that overlap with the config file always take precedence over both the local configuration file and dynamic configurations, for backwards-compatibility.
See the following diagram for a high-level overview of a configuration update for a single Node:
How can I learn more?
Please see the official tutorial at /docs/tasks/administer-cluster/reconfigure-kubelet/, which contains more in-depth details on user workflow, how a configuration becomes "last-known-good," how the Kubelet "checkpoints" config, and possible failure modes.


Can Vegans Eat Tortilla Chips?
Can Vegans Eat Tortilla Chips?
A tortilla chip is a snack food made from corn tortillas and the majority of the fat on this snack is unsaturated which is the healthy kind and this is one homemade chip that is loved by a lot of people and there are varieties of chips that can be used in making tortilla chips however vegans tend to wonder if they can eat this tasty snacks without guilt.
A vegan diet involves eating foods comprising of only plants and exclude all animal products including meat, dairy, and eggs, a vegan diet may help keep your heart healthy however there are accidentally vegan junk foods to make this diet plan easier.
Nutritional planning is vital whether you are vegan or not particularly when you are making dietary changes and healthy eating as a vegan will not only help you lose weight but reduce the risk of some certain cancers, lower risk of heart disease, and appears to lower blood sugar level and improve kidney function.
You should definitely not eat junk food every day, vegan or not however if you choose to eat junk food, we suggest picking from options that do not contain any animal products, and if you are wondering if tortilla chips are on the list of accidentally vegan food, here is what you should know.
Table of Contents
Can Vegans Eat Tortilla Chips?
Can Vegans Eat Tortilla Chips?
Yes, vegans can definitely stock up their pantry with tortilla chips, for the most part, these chips are made out of plant-based ingredients made from corn tortillas which are cut into triangles and then fried or baked. There are lots of brands making tortilla chips however you should read through the ingredients list to help you choose the right vegan tortilla chips.
Can vegans eat chips and salsa?
Yes, vegans can eat chips and salsa as long as the chips are fried in vegetable oil which is usually the oil used by most restaurants then it's vegan.
Are tortilla chips junk foods?
Yes, tortilla chips might be lower in fat and calories compared to some chips but they are still unhealthy because they are usually fried hence you should avoid eating way too many of them if you are trying to burn calories.
These chips may somehow be a better choice to potatoes chips though as it contains fewer calories and is more satisfying crunchy snacks to go for if you are looking to replace potato chips.
A tortilla chip is a snack you can enjoy any time of the day and the nutrients to derive from eating tortilla chips includes, copper, calcium, iron, magnesium, and zinc however the frying process may damage some of these nutrients but they do have less saturated fat compared to potatoes chips and makes a delicious vegan snack to munch on.
Vegans wanting to improve their health and lose weight should stick to minimally processed foods and limit the intake of junk foods though there is no wrong time to eat chips, ensure you do not consume them regularly and when in doubt, read the label.
Read next: Is Pringles Vegan? Are Hot Fries Vegan?


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Relax yourself with this coloring page of a strange flower containing a Yin & Yang symbol in its middle
This rocket travels the interstellar space of the galaxy. Color the planets, meteorites, shuttles and stars she meets on her course.
Find inner peace with this coloring page featuring various Zen symbols, including the "Om". "Om" is a sacred sound and a spiritual symbol in Hinduism, that signifies the essence of the ultimate reality, consciousness or Atman. It is a syllable that is chanted either independently or before a mantra in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.
Girl dreaming of a journey in space with her cat. Through the porthole of her shuttle, she sees : a rocket, the moon, the Earth, an asteroid, Saturn, an Astronaut, and pretty bright stars


Sneha Girap (Editor)
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Country China
Population 270,232 (2000)
Area 9,252 km2
Region Xinjiang
Karamay or Kelamayi is a prefecture-level city in the north of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Peoples Republic of China. The name of the city comes from the Uyghur language, and means "black oil", referring to the oil fields near the city.
Map of Karamay
Karamay was the site of one of the worst disasters in modern Chinese history, the 12-08 incident, when 324 people, 288 of them school children, lost their lives in a cinema fire on 8 December 1994.
Edsa woolworth handa ka bang humiwalay sa pamilyang lagi mong karamay
Karamays new city park
Karamay in the past, History of Karamay
On December 8, 1994, a fire broke out in Friendship Theatre (???), Karamay, which caused the death of 325 people including 288 school children, according to official figures. Many teachers were killed while trying to protect and evacuate their students from the building, which lacked adequate safety features. A show was being organized at that moment for a number of local government officials, who managed to escape ahead of the others on spotting the fire, and were afterwards charged with neglecting their duty and received prison sentences of up to 5 years.
Karamay Beautiful Landscapes of Karamay
Karamay is located in the northwest of the Dzungarian basin, with an average elevation of 400 metres (1,300 ft). Its administrative area ranges in latitude from 44° 07 to 46° 08 N and in longitude from 80° 44 to 86° 01 E, and has a maximal 240 km (150 mi) north-south extent and reaches 110 km (68 mi) in east-west width. It borders Hoboksar Mongol Autonomous County to the northeast, Shawan County to the southeast, Toli County and Wusu to the west, and Kuytun to the south.
Karamay Beautiful Landscapes of Karamay
The naturally available water supply in the Karamay area is rather limited: it mostly consists of two fairly small rivers (the Baiyang River and the Daerbute River (?????) flowing into the Dzungarian Basin from the mountains of its northwestern rim. In addition, the city receives water from the Irtysh River, over the Irtysh–Karamay Canal, which was officially opened in 2008.
A number of natural (Ailik Lake) and artificial (Fengcheng, Huangyangquan) reservoirs are located in Karamays northeastern Urho District; they all are replenished, directly or indirectly, by water from the Irtysh–Karamay Canal.
In 1955, one of the largest oil fields in China was discovered there. Since then, the city has grown into an oil-producing and refining center.
Similar Topics
Karamay (film)
Karamay Airport


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ETV before EMR
With the launch of electronic medical records (EMR/WakeOne) on September 22, it might be interesting to see how patient records were stored and transported in the past at the Medical Center.
The Electric Track Vehicle (ETV), dubbed "record runner" and described as an "oversized Lionel train," was the tunnel in which records were transported through the Medical Center. When installed in 1992, it saved about 10 to 15 minutes off each round trip.
Records were loaded into a "car", as shown by Dean Bates, a Medical Records file librarian, then transported. Initially, 12 cars rode the rails each day with 425 records.
Prior to the ETV, vans ferried clerks and their carts to Medical Records storage which looked like this in 1948.
Mr. Bates was featured in Around the Medical Center in 1992. Come visit Dorothy Carpenter Medical Archives to explore the history of the Medical Center in publications and artifacts.


Woodford Island
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Woodford Island is an inland island in the Far-North Coast of New South Wales, Australia. It is formed by the Clarence River where it splits into the South Arm and North Arm at the small village of Brushgrove then reforms at the town of Maclean. The island covers 37 square kilometres.
Woodford Island is mostly flood plain which supports the primary industries of sugar cane and milk producing cattle. There are a few small businesses, however, most residents travel off the island to Maclean or Grafton for goods and services.
People and geography[edit]
Through its almost exact centre is a mountain ridge. The rest is plains which is subjected to periodic flooding. The largest town is Brushgrove at the south of the island.
Woodford Island was one of the first places inhabited by Europeans on the Far-North Coast. Original settler John Small was attracted to the abundance of Australian Redcedar. The town of Brushgrove was once a major trading hub for timber, sugar and other agriculture goods due to its location on the Clarence River. This brought tremendous wealth to area and at one time the island supported many schools, a police station, many businesses and other utilities. However, due to the development of road and train infrastructure, the town has dwindled in size over the past century.
Points of interests[edit]
Hermitt Cave, Golf Course, Small's Pioneer Cemetery, Old School, Abandoned Quarry.
Interesting alleged fact[edit]
It is claimed Woodford Island is the largest inland island in the Southern Hemisphere with its own mountain range.[by whom?]. It is however smaller than many river islands in South America and Africa. It is in fact the largest Non-Delta (not formed from river sedimentation) river island in the Southern Hemisphere.[citation needed]
Coordinates: 29°31′S 153°08′E / 29.517°S 153.133°E / -29.517; 153.133


While I was in Thailand in February (Bangkok, Chiang Mai, Krabi), I noticed low visibility throughout the country. It was like smog and it never got away. When flying I noticed this "smog" was instantly gone after reaching a couple kilometers of altitude.
Is this a normal phenomenom and what causes it?
enter image description here
The haze in northern Thailand is indeed a yearly phenomenon, but the main driver for it is local farmers burning fields to prepare for planting in the following wet season. Since it's the dry season, there's nothing to contain or tamp down the smoke and dust, plus there's 'normal' air pollution from cities, cars etc in the region. Throw in the local topography — valleys surrounded on all sides by mountains, no open ocean nearby — and you get pretty bad haze.
Some of this obviously filters down all the way to Bangkok as well, although that city has pretty bad air all year around thanks to plain old smog. You were pretty unlucky to get hit in Krabi as well though.
This is all somewhat different from the Indonesia/Malaysia/Singapore haze, which is caused by (mostly illegal) jungle clearance. Having experienced both first hand, this style of haze is both much more unpredictable, as it depends on wind direction, and much worse on a bad day, since a burning jungle produces a lot more smoke than a few piles of rice straw on a paddy. Since most of this originates from Sumatra and Borneo, it's unusual for it to make it as far north as Thailand, but if Malaysia really gets walloped then the southernmost bits of Thailand may be impacted as well.
 - 3
 The main driver for the March haze is not farmers, but is forest fires burning in the region. Farmers burning the rice stubble contributes, as do locals burning off the winter fallen leaves, but forest fires are a more major contributor. Look at the NASA fire spotter website - firms.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/firemap/… You will notice that the hot spots are in the mountainous regions, not in the flats where farmers would be burning rice field stubble. Farmers get blamed because their fires are visible. – user13044 Mar 19 '15 at 18:00
 - FYI, for current Air Quality Index (AQI) readings in English and live photo in Chiang Mai, see Chiang Mai Air. For live 48-hour readings in English in various places in Thailand, see World Air Quality Index Project such as in Bangkok or Chiang Mai. – Basil Bourque Mar 16 '18 at 1:50
While I can't be sure, I think this is a case of haze due to smoke from biomass burning.
There was an episode with a lot of burning events in February and March in Northern South-East Asia (the pictures are satellite pictures where active fires are highlighted). This has been reported in the region (news article, Singapore meteorological service), and is a well-known and annually recurring problem. Most of the fires are started by farmers to clear land, or for various other reason and tend to go out of control.
It also makes sense that the smoke will stay in lower altitudes (depending on weather). Of course this could be due to some other phenomenon that I am not aware of. If it was indeed smoke, then you might have noticed a burning smell in the air. Note that this seems to be a not so bad case and that visibility can get way worse.
Your Answer


Food for Fort: On soya cream and Freedom Food
Can I use soya cream instead of double cream in a quiche? Plus what, exactly, is Freedom Food?
Can you really make a decent quiche without using double cream? Photograph: Colin Campbell for the Guardian
I made my first quiche the other night. Next time, can I substitute soya cream or something similar for the double cream in most recipes? I know it sounds awful, but I want to have my quiche and eat it, too.
It's not something I'd do myself, but having consulted several authorities on the subject, there's no reason you can't substitute soya cream for double cream (or a mixture of tofu and soya cream, to produce the fluffy effect you get from cream). It won't have the same taste or texture of a classic quiche but, yes, you can have your quiche and eat it.
What, exactly, is Freedom Food? It's an increasingly popular label, yet seems to be shy of being free-range.
Freedom Food is a scheme introduced by the RSPCA in 1994. The five basic criteria are: freedom from hunger and thirst; freedom from discomfort; freedom from pain, injury or disease; freedom to express normal behaviour; freedom from fear and distress. It is designed to ensure that animals reared for food are treated to specified welfare standards. Free-range and organic practices are not part of the criteria. For some animal rights organisations, those standards do not go far enough; others say they tacitly endorse meat consumption. There have been criticisms, too, that the scheme has cost implications for the foods labelled, and that there may be a gap between the rules and their enforcement. On the other hand, you could say that it shines like a beacon in a world fed through dubious farming practices.
Got a culinary query for Matthew? Email Visit Matthew's blog, Fort on Food


text: This study examines the chronemics of response latencies in asynchronous computer-mediated communication (CMC) by analyzing three datasets comprising a total of more than 150,000 responses: email responses created by corporate employees, responses created by university students in course discussion groups, and responses to questions posted in a public, commercial online information market. Mathematical analysis of response latencies reveals a normative pattern common to all three datasets: The response latencies yielded a power-law distribution, such that most of the responses (at least 70%) were created within the average response latency of the responders, while very few (at most 4%) of the responses were created after a period longer than 10 times the average response latency. These patterns persist across diverse user populations, contexts, technologies, and average response latencies. Moreover, it is shown that the same pattern appears in traditional, spoken communication and in other forms of online media such as online surveys. The implications of this uniformity are discussed, and three normative chronemic zones are identified.


text: Our noses aren't the only parts of our bodies that can pick up the soothing scent of sandalwood. An amazing discovery has been made in regards to the way this specific scent can help cure cancer. When researchers exposed cancer cells to an artificial sandalwood scent, they quickly died because of their ability to smell and respond to scent. Sergio Cortes says cancer cells are not the only kind of cells that can smell scents like this though. We actually have a multitude of smell receptors within our bodies. In fact, there are seven of them that have been discovered in white blood cells alone. White blood cells can pick up on the scent of sandalwood due to a specific olfactory receptor in them called OR2AT4. Scientists are testing out more scents to see if there are others that the body responds to as well as sandalwood. The medical possibilities of this research are profound considering how easily diseases could be cured using this method.


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The Siberian Husky breed originated more than 3,000 years ago as a sled dog used by the Chukchi people of the eastern Siberian Peninsula in northeast Asia. The Chukchi selected medium-sized dogs with the endurance and desire to run for hours in the cold, hauling light loads over long distances. In the early 20th century, some Chukchi dogs were imported to Alaska for use in sled racing. Soon after the famous 1925 relay of sled dog teams that carried serum to fight a diphtheria epidemic, Chukchi dogs were recognized by the American Kennel Club as Siberian Huskies.
Although Siberian Huskies were used by the Chukchi as working dogs, they were also family dogs. The Chukchi brought them into their homes and encouraged their children to play with them. Today, Siberian Huskies are typically gentle with humans, including children, and are equally cordial with other dogs. If attacked by another dog, however, they will fight back aggressively. Siberians also have a strong predatory instinct, and may chase small animals such as squirrels, rabbits, birds, and the family cat. They also have a willful and independent streak, so patience is required when training them; however, they are trainable. They can learn obedience commands, but they may not consistently or immediately obey an owner's every order.
Siberian Huskies need a home with a yard and ample space to run and play. They also need substantial interaction with their human families or with other dogs. If owned by someone who lives in a small apartment or who is away from home most of the day, the Siberian can quickly become bored and may act out this boredom and loneliness in destructive ways. Adopting a second Siberian to keep the first company may be one way to avoid the mischief that can be a consequence of loneliness.
Siberian Huskies need plenty of exercise, but because they were bred for life in arctic conditions, they can easily become overheated. They fare better in cooler climates or when they are exercised primarily during the cool morning hours. Keeping the air conditioner on during warm days can also keep them comfortable and safe.
Siberian Huskies are notorious escape artists, and can squeeze through the smallest hole or climb the tallest fence in a quest for adventure. It's essential that owners vigilantly inspect fences and other structures for openings the Siberian could use to escape. When taken for walks or other activities outside the home, Siberian Huskies should always be on leash, to prevent them from running off to pursue a small animal or investigate an intriguing scent.
Interaction with Strangers
Siberians like people, and they will greet strangers as enthusiastically as they greet their human family members. Because of this, they don't make good guard dogs, and they likely will not bark or otherwise alert their owners if a stranger approaches them or the home. Siberians must be kept under control when meeting new people, to prevent them from jumping up on strangers and greeting them too eagerly. A Siberian Husky's greeting could be unwelcome in the eyes of people who are not comfortable around dogs.
References & Resources
This information is for informational purposes only and is not meant as a substitute for the professional advice of, or diagnosis or treatment by, your veterinarian. Always seek the advice of your veterinarian or other qualified professional with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Never disregard or delay seeking professional advice due to what you may have read on our website.


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Control of Fire Hazards in Commercial Drycleaning Shops Using Petroleum-Based Solvents
DHHS (NIOSH) Publication Number 97-159
Drycleaning shops contain all elements necessary for uncontrolled fires: fuels, ignition sources, and oxygen. Potential combustible materials include furniture, garments, lint, and portions of the building. The greatest risk of fire and explosion exists if the drycleaning shop uses a petroleum-based solvent in drycleaning machines. Approximately 10% of drycleaning shops in the United States use these highly flammable solvents. Ignition can be triggered by a burning or smoldering cigarette, heated equipment such as a press, a frictional spark inside the solvent reclaimer cage, or even static electricity within the reclaimer.
New solvents and machines are available today that are inherently safer than traditional petroleum-based solvents. All shops should follow fire codes and standards that address occupancy limits, building egress, and appropriate fire extinguishers, smoke detectors, fire suppression systems, and related issues to reduce the risk of fire. Code compliance will reduce the risk of loss from fire, and may also reduce property insurance premiums. In some cases, fire codes may not be as stringent with new solvents and machines.
- New petroleum-based solvents with higher flashpoints (above 55°C/131°F) have recently been developed (Figure 1). These solvents are less likely to ignite or explode than solvents with lower flashpoints.
- New, much safer petroleum-based drycleaning machines are also available. Several machine technical advances have been developed to reduce greatly the risk of fire and explosion. These advances include using a vacuum technology, an inert gas such as nitrogen, or controlling the operating parameters of the machine to prevent fire or explosion.
- Enforce a "No Smoking" policy that eliminates smoking within the building. Post "No Smoking" signs.
- Provide shops with at least two remote means of escape in the event of a fire. Also provide drycleaning rooms with two remote means of escape. Keep fire exits and exit routes free and clear of clutter.
- Separate the drycleaning room from the rest of the building by a partition with a 2-hour fire resistance rating.
- Construct the floors and ceiling of the drycleaning room of fire-resistant material.
- Equip drycleaning rooms containing petroleum-based solvents with an emergency drainage system that directs solvent leaks and fire protection water to a safe location.
Fire Safety Systems
- Install an approved wet-pipe sprinkler system in the drycleaning room of any shop using petroleum-based drycleaning solvents. Automatic sprinkler systems are effective in preventing loss of life and controlling the spread of fire.
- Provide at least two approved 10-BC portable fire extinguishers inside a drycleaning room where petroleum-based solvents are used. Provide suitable portable fire extinguishers throughout the shop according to appropriate codes.
- Perform routine maintenance to prevent accumulation of fluff, lint, or waste that could ignite or cause a fire to spread rapidly.
Handling Combustible Liquids
- Install drycleaning rooms and tank storage rooms on the lowest floor above grade.
- Close all containers with flammable or combustible petroleum-based solvents to prevent evaporation. Do not transport petroleum-based solvents in open containers, rather, pump solvents through rigid iron or steel pipes to prevent ignition.
- Give special attention to generation and accumulation of static electricity. If garments are transferred from a washer using petroleum-based solvents to a dryer, bond together electrically and ground equipment.
Figure 1. Flashpoints of Stoddard solvent and four of the recently developed petroleum-based drycleaning solvents (with higher flashpoints).
A NIOSH technical report, Control of Health and Safety Hazards in Commercial Drycleaners: Chemical Exposures, Fire Hazards, and Ergonomic Risk Factors, has been published on this subject. This document is one in a series of seven HAZARD CONTROLS concerning control of hazards in the drycleaning industry that are available free upon request.
*NIOSH is the Federal agency responsible for conducting research and making recommendations for preventing work-related illnesses and injuries. All HAZARD CONTROLS are based on research studies that show how worker exposures to hazardous agents or activities can be significantly reduced.
The principal contributors to this publication are Gary S. Earnest, Lynda Ewers, Avima Ruder, Linda Goldenhar, Rosmarie T. Hagedorn, Jerome P. Flesch.
This document is in the public domain and may be freely copied or reprinted. NIOSH encourages all readers of this HAZARD CONTROLS to make it available to all interested employers and workers.


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It can also be used to refill Hydrogen Bottles by placing it into the tank's inventory and clicking on Refill Bottles, assuming that auto-refill isn't checked.
The hydrogen can be produced from Ice much the same as Oxygen inside H2/O2 Generators. The hydrogen tank must be directly connected via Conveyor blocks in order to receive hydrogen from the generator, and also to send the fuel to the hydrogen thrusters.
The colored indicators on the tank show at a glance the current hydrogen level inside the tank.
Hydrogen TankThe large version of the hydrogen tank holds a massive 15,000,000 L
Small Hydrogen TankThe small version of the hydrogen tank holds a smaller total of gas (1,000,000 L
- Using a Connector block, you can vent the hydrogen out of the tanks by switching it to Throw Out mode much the same way you can with oxygen tanks.
Interface name: IMyGasTank
- Unlike cargo containers the actual cargo of the hydrogen tank does not in any way influence its mass. Therefore the large block tank will ALWAYS have a mass of 8,161.6 kg8,161,600 gtons whether it's completely full of hydrogen or not.
|Small Hydrogen Tanks introduced
|Hydrogen Tanks introduced
|Hydrogen Tank capacity increased.


_USER_{Parsa2017, author="Saeed Parsa, Mohammad Hadi Alaeiyan", title="A combination of curve fitting algorithms to collect a few training samples for function approximation", year="2017", volume="17", number="3", pages="355-364", abstract="The aim of this paper is to approximate the numerical result of executing a program/function with a number of input parameters and a single output value with a small number of training points. Curve fitting methods are preferred to nondeterministic methods such as neural network and fuzzing system methods, because they can provide relatively more accurate results with the less amount of member in the training dataset. However, curve fitting methods themselves are most often function specific and do not provide a general solution to the problem. These methods are most often targeted at fitting specific functions to their training dataset. To provide a general curve fitting method, in this paper, the use of a combination of Lagrange, Spline, and trigonometric interpolation methods are suggested. The Lagrange method fits polynomial functions of degree N to its training values. In order to improve the resultant fitted polynomial our combinatorial method combines Lagrange with the polynomial resulted from the Spline method. If the absolute error of the actual value and the predicted value of a function are not desired, the trigonometric interpolation methods that fit trigonometric functions can be applied. Our experiments with a number of benchmark examples demonstrate the relatively high accuracy of our combinational fitting method.", issn=" ISSN 2008-949X", doi="10.22436/jmcs.017.03.02", url="_URL_ }


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The concept of rock engineering is based on three basic premises:
- that the rock mass can be described as an engineering material with parameters that control deformation and failure;
- that the performance of the excavation in the rock mass can be described in terms of classical engineering mechanics, and;
- that the application of engineering principles to design will result in a design which will assure or enhance the performance of the opening.
In order to conduct a rock mechanics design, geologic and geotechnical data is required. Whether the purpose of a design is an initial pre-feasibility study for a small vein mining operation or the final design for a major open pit mine, the data collection and analysis steps required are near identical.
The five major components of any design in rock are as follow:
- description of the local geologic regime;
- collection of field geotechnical parameters;
- quantification of material property parameters;
- data compilation, and;
- engineering analysis.
We adhere to these principles when conducting our designs.
Please use the menu to the left for more detailed descriptions in a specific area of expertise.


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APPLE VALLEY, Minn. (AP) — The 20 tiny butterfly larvae being cared for by a Minnesota Zoo biologist could represent the last hope for a species that used to be ubiquitous across the state's prairies.
The Poweshiek Skipperling used to flit and float above more than 2 million acres, but for reasons that aren't entirely clear they've virtually disappeared, according to a report in the St. Paul Pioneer Press (_URL_
"They just fell off the map. It may already be extinct in the state," said Erik Runquist, the Minnesota Zoo conservation biologist who leads its butterfly conservation efforts.
The Poweshiek, a brown butterfly with white stripes, is about the size of a quarter as an adult. It hasn't been seen in the state since 2007, and its near-extinction suggests that the butterfly's habitat is ailing.
"When you consider the prairie ecosystem, and things start dropping out, something is not right," said Robert Dana, an ecologist with the state Department of Natural Resources.
The butterflies aren't entirely gone, as populations still exist in Wisconsin and Michigan. That's where zoo officials obtained the tiny green butterfly larvae, each about the size of a grain of rice.
Runquist and other ecologists are hoping the larvae can survive the winter and eventually breed, perhaps leading to clues as to what killed off the butterflies' predecessors.
"It would be nice to be able to find out what's killing them," Dana said. "Right now, we have no corpse to do a postmortem."
Possible causes include aggressive use of pesticides, the introduction of nonnative predators or the overzealous use of fire in managing the remaining prairie land.
Because of the lingering uncertainty — and because the zoo has so few larvae — officials' expectations are modest. They don't expect the Poweshiek population to ever return to its former levels, but they hope they can at least show how to help small numbers survive, said Tara Harris, the zoo's director of conservation.
"That's something no one has ever accomplished," she said.
Copyright 2012 The Associated Press.


Document Type
Around the world, women are the mainstays of society, from raising children to supporting families to caring for the needy. In developing countries, they are also usually responsible for collecting and providing water for the family. In doing so, their time, health, safety, education and income are compromised. Outdated and undisputed social norms create the biases that force women to bear the responsibility to secure and distribute water, thereby creating barriers to women's advancement in educational opportunities and significantly reducing income-earning potential. Similarly, in the developed world, outdated social norms create biases and barriers in the water industry that limit women's advancement in terms of roles and leadership opportunity. However, with increased awareness of opportunities in the water sector in the early stages of their careers, it is possible to attract more women to the water sector and for these women to become the next generation of water leaders. This article discusses the biases, barriers and bottlenecks facing women who work in water utilities, current leadership's responsibility to attract more women to the sector and the role of communications in attracting more young minds toward water utilities. This paper presents the state of the knowledge of female employment in water careers in the United States (US) and is supported by learnings from interviewing four women water leaders working in four different large US water utilities.


Natural Atracctions
Whale watching
The tropical climate of Costa Rica and its warm waters are ideal for these marine mammals that enjoy specific areas along the coast.
The best place to observe whales in Costa Rica is on the Pacific Coast, where humpback whales migrate between July and November and then again between December and March.
The Osa Peninsula is visited by humpback whales that migrate from both the northern and southern hemispheres, meaning that whale populations are concentrated more here than in any other part of the country. Additionally, this large group of whales remains close to the peninsula for a long time, giving Costa Rica one of the longest whale watching seasons in the world.
¿Dónde apreciar este atractivo?
Asociados relacionados


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(S.D.)-Search For Radioactive Decay Continues In SD Lab
LEAD, S.D. (AP) - Physicists in South Dakota have started assembling "detector units" in the search for a rare form of radioactive decay that could help explain how the universe evolved.
The Majorana Demonstrator Experiment is under construction in the Davis Campus of a shuttered gold mine in Lead in the Black Hills. It's next door to another experiment meant to detect dark matter.
Both experiments are housed nearly a mile beneath the earth in the former Homestake Gold Mine. Officials with the Sanford Underground Research Facility say that the first detector units were built through Monday when physicist Ryan Martin "attached a polished germanium-crystal detector the size of a hockey puck to a wafer-thin glass electronics board."
The experiment will need about 70 such units to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay.
(Copyright 2012 The Associated Press)
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Some inventions are creations of convenience, like the Snap-a-Loop media device holder. Some are fun, like BrickStix. Some are useful in very specific ways, like SnapIt Screw eyeglass repair and the E-sort potato sorter. And some have enormous social potential, like adjustable focus eyeglasses.
The Pacifier Activated Lullaby, or PAL, is a niche invention that falls into that last category, in a marvelous and touching way. Developed by music professor Jayne Standley at Florida State University to help premature babies learn the proper muscle movements to be able to suck and feed.
According to the PAL page at Florida State University,"More than 500,000 premature babies are born in the United States every year, each requiring significant medical treatment to ensure their survival and minimize life-long health challenges."
Officially, the "Pacifier Activated Lullaby (PAL®) is an FDA-approved, patented system that utilizes music reinforcement therapy to stimulate non-nutritive sucking and the breathe-suck-swallow reflex in pre-term infants." And results are already producing shorter-term hospital stays with a commensurate reduction in hospitalization costs (on average saving $10,000 per infant) and a higher likelihood that premature babies will thrive once they leave the hospital.
IEEE-Spectrum gives some interesting technical details. "The pacifier is outfitted with proprietary piezo sensing technology that detects the baby's sucking motion. Feedback algorithms determine when the motion is correct, and a signal is sent via wire to a speaker that plays a soothing song when the baby gets the breathe-suck-swallow reflex right. The system can be calibrated to each baby's needs."
Check PAL out at _URL_


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The role of storytelling in website copywriting for travel websites
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When it comes to travel websites, storytelling plays a crucial role in engaging visitors and inspiring them to take action. Effective website copywriting goes beyond simply providing information about destinations and services. It creates a narrative that captivates the audience, evokes emotions, and ultimately drives conversions. In this article, we will explore the significance of storytelling in website copywriting for travel websites and how it can enhance the overall user experience.
The Power of Storytelling
Storytelling has been an integral part of human communication for centuries. It allows us to connect with others, share experiences, and convey complex ideas in a relatable manner. In the context of travel websites, storytelling helps create an emotional connection with potential travelers. By presenting captivating narratives, travel websites can transport users to different destinations, igniting their curiosity and desire to explore.
Creating an Emotional Connection
One of the main goals of a travel website is to evoke emotions and inspire visitors to take action. Whether it's booking a trip, signing up for a newsletter, or exploring more content, storytelling can play a key role in driving these actions. By crafting compelling narratives that highlight the unique experiences and benefits of a destination, travel websites can create an emotional connection with their audience.
Engaging the Audience
In an era where attention spans are decreasing, it's crucial for travel websites to engage their audience from the moment they land on the page. Storytelling can help capture attention and keep visitors engaged throughout their journey on the website. By presenting information in a narrative format, travel websites can make content more memorable and enjoyable to consume.
Building Trust and Credibility
Trust is essential in the travel industry, as travelers often rely on the information provided by websites to make informed decisions. By incorporating storytelling into website copywriting, travel websites can build trust and credibility with their audience. Authentic and relatable stories can help establish a connection with users, making them more likely to trust the website's recommendations and offerings.
Creating a Unique Brand Identity
In a highly competitive market, it's important for travel websites to differentiate themselves from their competitors. Storytelling can be a powerful tool in creating a unique brand identity. By crafting narratives that reflect the values, mission, and personality of the website, travel businesses can stand out and attract a loyal customer base.
Optimizing for SEO
While storytelling is important, travel websites also need to ensure that their content is optimized for search engines. By incorporating relevant keywords and phrases throughout the website copy, travel businesses can improve their visibility in search engine results. This requires a careful balance between storytelling and SEO techniques, ensuring that the content is both engaging and discoverable.
Measuring Success with Website Analytics
Website analytics play a crucial role in understanding the effectiveness of website copywriting and storytelling. By using tools like Google Analytics, travel websites can track key metrics such as website traffic, user engagement, and conversion rates. This data can help businesses identify areas for improvement, refine their storytelling strategies, and optimize the overall user experience.
In conclusion, storytelling is a powerful tool in website copywriting for travel websites. It allows businesses to create an emotional connection with their audience, engage visitors, build trust, and differentiate themselves from competitors. By incorporating storytelling techniques into their website content, travel businesses can enhance the overall user experience, inspire action, and ultimately drive conversions.
The use of call-to-action buttons on a portfolio website to encourage visitor engagement
Centric is in the business of reshaping the future. Our groundbreaking solutions and visionary designs revolutionize industries, turning ideas into realities that captivate audiences and catapult brands to the forefront of their markets.


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Identify and Explain Key Quotations in 'Jane Eyre'
In this worksheet, students will identify and explain key quotes from 'Jane Eyre'.
'Identify and Explain Key Quotations in 'Jane Eyre'' worksheet
Key stage: KS 4
GCSE Subjects: English Literature
GCSE Boards: Eduqas, OCR, Pearson Edexcel, AQA,
Curriculum topic: 19th Century Prose, 19th Century Novel, The 19th Century Novel
Curriculum subtopic: Jane Eyre
Difficulty level:
Worksheet Overview
In the exam, you will need to be able to select quotations from an extract from 'Jane Eyre' and explain what these show about a character or theme.
You will also need to refer to different parts of the text, using quotations to support your ideas.
You should try to build a bank of quotations for each character and theme and learn these so that you can use them readily in your exam response.
Top tip for the exam: When you are referring to the text as a whole, you will be awarded marks for paraphrasing or making reference to part of the text as well as using direct quotations.
In this activity you will practise identifying:
- Who is speaking in particular quotations
- What quotations suggest about a character
- What theme or idea is explored in a quotation
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Let's derive the running time of the median of medians algorithm. Since you can use Google, you already know that the answer is O(n). But do you know why?
Median of medians is a divide-and-conquer algorithm. In each stage of the recursion, we split the array into K subarrays and recurse on them. To combine the results of those recursions, we do a constant amount of work.
So the running time for an array of length N is
T(n) = kT(n/k) + C
where k and C are constants. Usually K=5.
Luckily, we can solve this recurrence with case one of the master theorem. This gives a running time of O(n).
What if, instead, we did O(n) work to combine the results of the recursions? This is essentially what you are claiming.
Then the recurrence would be
T(n) = kT(n/k) + Cn + D
where k, C, and D are constants.
By case 2 of the master theorem, the running time would be O(n log n).
Incidentally, this is the reason why quicksort's running time is O(n log n)-- because it does O(n) work before doing each recursion. In quicksort's case, k = 2.
Anyone can use Google and find the running time of an algorithm. But unless you can derive it, you do not truly understand it. Perhaps you need to do a little bit less talking and a little bit more listening.


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Animal Species:Dusky Driftfish, Psenes arafurensis Günther, 1889
The Dusky Driftfish is a compressed, deep bodied fish found in most tropical marine waters swimming amongst jellyfish or under floating weeds.
Arafura Eyebrowfish, Banded Driftfish
The Dusky Driftfish has a compressed body, a small mouth and a deeply notched dorsal fin. Juveniles are silvery with indistinct dark bands. Adults are silver grey with thin stripes.
The species grows to 23 cm in length.
It occurs worldwide in tropical marine waters. In Australia it is known from off north-western Western Australia and off northern Queensland to the central coast of New South Wales.
The map below shows the Australian distribution of the species based on public sightings and specimens in Australian Museums. Click on the map for detailed information. Source: Atlas of Living Australia.
Distribution by collection data
Juveniles are often seen in coastal waters swimming with jellyfishes. Adults have been observed under floating weeds, but are probably benthopelagic.
- Kuiter, R.H. 2000. Coastal Fishes of South-eastern Australia. Gary Allen. Pp. 437.
- Last, P.R. 2001. Nomeidae. in Carpenter, K.E. & V.H. Niem (Eds). FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 6. Bony Fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles, sea turtles, sea snakes and marine mammals. FAO, Rome. Pp. iii-v, 3381-4218.
Mark McGrouther, Collection Manager, Ichthyology
Tags fishes, ichthyology, Dusky Driftfish, Psenes arafurensis, Nomeidae, silver, grey, 'normal fish', 10 cm - 30 cm, countershaded, in relationship, jellyfish, benthopelagic, marine, adult, juvenile/young,


- Access Audits in London and the South East
 Equality Act 2010 and the Building Regulations 2010
 I carry out Access Audits across the built environment including commercial workplace / offices, hotels / leisure, large scale events spaces, colleges, schools, churches, parks, historic listed buildings and I can assist with National Lottery Heritage Fund applications.
 I have carried out access audits for Haringey Council to help them successfully secure funding through the Heritage Lottery Fund (HLF). Lordship Recreation Ground was awarded in excess of £4 million in Heritage Grants and Markfield Park was awarded in excess of £1.5 million.
 How can I help you?
 - Level 1: Access Audit
 A Level 1: Access Audit is a low cost service which will provide you with a concise, text only summary of key recommendations for improvements to inclusivity and accessibility.
 This low cost service will provide you with an overview of the accessibility of the external environment, building/s and the services you provide. I will walk around your premises with you, talking through any access issues which may arise. A short written summary of our discussions will then be prepared. You are very welcome to take your own detailed notes during the audit.
 Level 2: Access Audit
 A Level 2: Access Audit is a detailed photographic report and is useful if you require comprehensive recommendations backed up by current design guidance in the Building Regulations.
 All recommendations will be cross referenced where relevant against current design criteria, including Approved Document K: Protection from falling, collision and impact, Approved Document M: Access to and use of buildings, the BS 8300: 2018 Codes of practice and any other relevant design guidance. Category or priority ratings will also be provided if required.
 A Level 2: Access Audit will help inform design considerations for future refurbishment and building works.
 - Access Audits
 An Access Audit (sometimes referred to as a DDA audit) assesses the current status of a building, environment and the way services are provided against good practice standards to benchmark the ease of accessibility, primarily for disabled people. However, well designed inclusive and accessible environments are beneficial for everyone.
 As I write all Access Audits myself, I ensure that they are clearly written in plain English and that any technical terms are clearly explained.
 How does it work?
 I will visit your building at a suitable time and carry out an inspection starting from the outside and then working through the interior. The Access Audit will assess how inclusive and accessible the environment is for everyone.
 The Access Audit will provide comments on any barriers to access which may prevent a disabled person from being able to use the environment and services. I will provide practical recommendations to improve access including any 'reasonable adjustments' you may need to consider in relation to the Equality Act 2010 (the Disability Discrimination Act – DDA has been absorbed into the Equality Act 2010). A 'reasonable adjustment' can be something as simple as changing a policy and does not necessarily require you to make expensive physical changes.
 The Access Audit will be comprehensive and will include the following key areas;
 The external environment
 Any on site car parking
 Entrance doors
 Lobby areas
 Reception points
 Toilet facilities
 Internal doors
 Communication systems
 Controls / switches
 Colour / visual contrast
 Wayfinding and signage
 Emergency means of escape
 Management Policies & Practices
 Staff Awareness
 Following the Access Audit survey, I will prepare your report for you to incorporate in an Access Plan or Access Strategy for the future.
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Do marble fireplace stain when used with gas fires?
December 15, 2010
Marble fireplaces will not typically stain when they are used with any gas fire. Marble is a popous material, however it has been used in fireplaces for many centuries.
What would make a marble fireplace stain?
1. If a gas fire causes the marble to change colour then there is usually excessive heat behind the back panel that is burning the marble. This is typically caused by an over sized builders opening. The cut out in a marble back panel is usually 16.25 inches (wide) x 22.25 inches (high). If the builders opening (opening in chimney) is much larger and has not been correctly installed then the heat behind the back panel can cause an air pocket and cause the marble to stain or change colour.
2. Marble will stain if any bleach products are applied to the surface of the stone. The polish of a marble fireplace is affected by bleach which causes irreversable staining.
3. Some harsh household multi cleaners can cause the surface of the marble to change colour as they contain strong detergents and colours. Similar discolouration would also occur on natural wood furniture.


Selecting Scales for a DRO - Six Parameters that Matter
Thursday, December 5, 2013
Things were easy when iGaging "Remote DRO" were the only scales Android DRO supported. Now that it can work with most of the common scales things are becoming a bit more confusing, judging from the number of emails I've been getting lately. With other things being equal, the choice of scales will have the biggest impact on you DRO's performance. There is a number of options, ranging from cheap Chinese calipers to glass scales and other quadrature encoders. Although I can't definitively answer the question "which scales should I use for my DRO setup", in this post I'll try to explain which parameters matter most in a DRO application.
Most of the scales used in hobby DROs fall under one of the two major categories: capacitive scales and quadrature encoders. The former category encompasses things like AccuRemote and iGaging DigiMag* scales, digital calipers and the common "Chinese" linear scales that look like large calipers with jaws cut off. The latter consists of glass linear scales and rotary encoders as well as magnetic scales. Generally, capacitive scales are much less expensive but have some shortcomings, thus most of the commercial DRO units use either glass or magnetic scales. If money is not an issue you can stop reading and get a set of brand-name glass scales
*Many retailers have the word "magnetic" in the product name or descriptions. This is a bit misleading, since the scales are not magnetic; the DRO display can be magnetically attached to the machine. These are capacitive scales and should not be confused with magnetic quadrature scales.
Deciding Factors
There are a few factors that will drive your decision. In addition to the technical parameters, such as accuracy, resolution and reliability, there is an issue of cost and availability. I think a good place to start is to clarify what each of those parameters means and how it might influence the end result.
Resolution determines how fine the measurements will be. For example, the micromenter in the picture above has much better resolutions at 0.0001" than either of the rulers. For the purposes of the DRO the value that matters is counts per inch [for linear scales] and counts per revolution for rotary encoders.
Accuracy is often confused with resolution but it's a very different parameter. Accuracy tells you how close the reading from the scale will match the actual dimension. For example, when you measure a 1" standard, an accurate scale will read exactly one inch, while a bad one will show a different value. It's possible to have very high resolution but very poor accuracy. I.e. if I grind off some metal off the micrometer's anvil, it will still have the same resolution but won't be accurate at all.
Side note: Please keep in mind that some manufacturers/retailers often use the term "accuracy" to encompass such important parameters as repeatability, hysteresis and runout.
Repeatability defines how close together a set of successive readings will be to each other. For example, I can affect the readings from a micrometer by applying different amounts of torque, so the readings won't be repeatable (unless I use the clutch properly). In other words, when you move a scale by exactly one inch several times (from the same starting position), a repeatable scale will provide readings that are identical or very close together.
Hysteresis is the amount of travel the reading head can move before the scale starts registering the change in position. The best way to see the hysteresis is to first move the scale one way by exactly one inch in one direction, then by the same amount in the opposite direction, and compare the readout. In essence this can be thought of as scale's backlash.
Runout is another aspect of the overall accuracy that is as important as the repeatability. In a nutshell it describes how uniform the resolution of the scales is. For instance, when you move the scale from one end to the other in exactly one inch increments a good scale will give you a series of identical readings. You can think of runout as deviation in resolution over the scales length. If there is any difference it will lead to an error of measurement that will accumulate over longer distances.
Reliability is a somewhat subjective value and depends to a large degree of the shop environment, usage etc. Every scale will fail under some conditions, so it's up to you to determine what your particular usage envelope will be and if the scales are fit for it. Never the less some scales will be more reliable and last longer as a result of better protection, higher quality materials etc.
Practical Implications
All of the above parameters will influence the overall performance of the DRO. I've noticed that people tend to be most concerned with the resolution. Although its true that [to a point] a higher resolution will let you hold tighter tolerances, it's only one of the key factors you should look at. In practice repeatability is even more important specification, as it determines the overall performance of a DRO. For instance, 0.0001" resolution is pretty much worthless when the scale is only repeatable to 0.005". Moreover, as long as the scale is repeatable, the software can compensate for the offset, as long as it's constant.
Consider the illustration below; the first two cases will work equally well in a DRO, since the application will compensate for the offset. Third case is less precise but will get you in the "ball park". The last case, though, is pretty much worthless for any precision work as the readings will be all over the place.
Accuracy vs. Repeatability
Second most important property is the runout. Similar to the repeatability, runout determines the DRO's accuracy. Imagine that you need to drill a row of holes exactly 1.000" apart. If a scale has high runout, the holes will not be spaced equally.
Runout can be thought of as repeatability over the scales length
Finally, high hysteresis will add some "backlash" to the DRO. Most glass and magnetic scales have very small hysteresis; calipers and other capacitive scales list this parameter, unfortunately.
Effect of scale hysteresis is similar to backlash
Most of the scales you will come across will have resolution of at least 0.0005", which is more than adequate for most metal work.
One value that I haven't mentioned above is the scales refresh rate. I.e. the frequency at which the scale will report the position to the interface. If the refresh rate is too low there will be perceivable lag between the machine's movement and the DRO display. In my experience a refresh rate of 20Hz or above feels pretty much "real-time", while 5Hz and less is noticeably laggy.
 1. Nice and well written analysis. Everything seems much clearer now.
 2. Yuri, I would like to add a controller for (older) Heidenhain glass scales (example: LS803). These have an analog output, two phases. Each phase provides about 25 microamps, peak-to-peak. To help me in repairing a broken scale I build a transimpedance amplifier that converts this to a 5 volt peak-to-peak signal. The typical period of the scales is 40 microns or 20 microns. So to count, I need to track the "phase circle": to get one count every five microns I need to identify either 8 or 4 counts per circle. This is easy enough to code up. Would you suggest I try producing new controller code or modifying the existing code to do this? Bruce
 1. Bruce,
 If I were you, I would use a circuit similar to the "voltage converter" I built for the mixed scale controller to convert your since/cosine waves to a 50% duty cycle square wave. You don't want to be reading analogue values via the micro-controller, unless you're willing to move up to an ARM M3 or M4-based DSP. MSP430 (or Arduino for that matter) don't have enough horsepower to do that.
 Hope this makes sense.


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Really, Really Old Chinese Wine
Fancy drinking some really, really old Chinese wine?
Archaeologists say they may have discovered the oldest wine ever uncovered in Chinese history. Scientists recently unearthed six wine vessels dating back to West Zhou Dynasty of 1046 BC – 771 BC. and they say they can hear a liquid sloshing around inside.
So far scientists haven't come up with a safe way to extract the liquid because they say the vessel contains an anti-drinking device that was common to the time it was created. The prohibition device was attached to the wine vessel as a way to encourage drinking in moderation.


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Dogs nibble and bite on blankets and other things to explore them. Dogs explore the world mostly through their senses of smell and taste, which is why puppies are so prone to chewing on things. Teething also causes young dogs to favor chewing as they cut new teeth.
Dogs chew and suck on blankets for a number of reasons. The sensation is soothing on their gums if they have irritated gums or if they are young and teething. The blanket may also have a scent they like. They might also be playing with the blanket, and one form of play is to chew on the item. Picking up a chew toy and directing the dog to it instead of the blanket redirects the behavior. Dogs often mistake blankets as toy obstacles when their owner is in bed. This can be corrected by directing the dog to an actual toy when it goes towards a body part under the blanket so that it recognizes that the blanket movement does not initiate playtime.
Chewing on blankets is a common phenomenon that a lot of dog owners have to work around. Sometimes, the easiest solution is to designate a cheap blanket just for the dog to chew on so that other high-quality items remain unsullied.


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No additional information.
Can develop different horns of any type, and may develop more than one pair, though no more than three pairs. - Will ALWAYS have one pair of horns at minimum, unless they opt to saw them down.
May develop two tails instead of one, or no tail at all.
Horns do not grow in until late stages of development.
Rarely, a dark-skinned child will be born, though they are (most often) exiled or killed on birth. - They are seen as a curse, and often mistaken for a Daemon child.
Females do not have breasts, they do not need them to feed their young.
Reproductive organs not visible until the process takes place.
Rarely feel the need to wear attire, very difficult to find any proper fitting size.
Can be born with or without wings.
Horn style varies with every born.
Skin color pertains to location:
"From the egg Agranon are born with pearly white scales and silver eyes, which progressively change color and shape depending on the environment the infant is raised. Heated environments produce adults with red or brown scales and goldenrod eyes, cooler environments develop blues, greens, yellows, or stay the original white, with eyes of silver or blue."


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|Up a level|
Participants are asked to do a presentation on a German-speaking city (covered in course materials)
Participants are asked to reflect upon post war events of 20th century Germany
Participants are asked to express their opinions on the German re-unification process, using standard phrases and expressions
Participants describe what they know about the unified Germany in the 21st century
This activity uses the same introductory whiteboard slides as L203Unit1Act1a (to familiarize students with Elluminate) but additionally includes some PowerPoints to trigger conversations about German-speaking countries. It is aimed at groups who have already met face-to-face and don't need another tutorial introducing themselves.
This map can be used for an ice breaker activity, in which students are asked to name and talk briefly about places in German-speaking countries which they know. Describing the landscape of their chosen place leads into Th. 1, Teil 1.