text:
A patch is a piece of software designed to fix problems.
Hot patching is a mechanism of applying the patch to an application without requiring to shutdown or restart the system or the program concerned. This addresses the problems related to unavailability of service provided by the system or the program.
We came across a situation where a DLL is loaded by one of the critical processes in a system and that process demands high availability. The DLL has exported functions that are supposed to perform the core operations within the process. We identified a critical flaw in one of the exported functions from the DLL. One constraint we had while trying to fix the problem was to avoid any down time of this critical process.
We solved this problem by using the hot patch mechanism. We used an external process to inject a DLL [Hot patch]. This DLL has the corrected version of the defective function and also a hook to
GetProcAddress function. As we know, calling
GetProcAddress returns the address of the exported function from the specified DLL. By hooking into the
GetProcAddress API, we monitored the requests to the exported function. When we find that the request was made for the flawed function, we just returned the address of the updated function which was part of the injected DLL.
By intercepting the calls of
GetProcAddress API, we redirected the requests from the flawed function to the corrected function.
We could resolve this problem by using the concepts like DLL injection and API hooking.
Hot Patch Structure
This hot patching structure has the following binaries:
- Hot Patch DLL: This DLL has only exported functions that are updated and will be used as replacement for the flawed functions. This also has the hooking logic to hook to
GetProcAddress API exported by Kernel32.DLL.
- Updater.exe: This process injects the hot patched DLL into the target process.
How to Inject DLL into a Remote Process
One method of injecting a DLL into a remote process requires a thread in the remote process to call
LoadLibray of the desired DLL. Since we can't control the threads in a process other that our own, the solution would be to create a new thread in the target process. This enables us to have full control over the code that this thread is going to execute.
We can create a thread in a remote process using the following Windows API:
HANDLE hProcess, PSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES psa,
PDWORD pdwThreadId );
After creating a new thread in the target process, we need to make sure that there is a call to
LoadLibrary API that will load the DLL into the target process.
Following is the complete set of steps for injecting a DLL into the target process:
VirtualAllocEx API to allocate memory equal to the size of DLL full file path in the remote process:
VirtualAllocEx(hProcess, NULL, dwSizeOfFilePath, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE);
WriteProcessMemory to copy the DLL's full file path in the allocated space [Step 1]:
(void*)szDLLFilePath, dwSizeOfFilePath,NULL);
CreateRemoteThread API to create thread in the remote process passing in the address of
LoadLibary API and also the memory location of the DLL's full file path.
hProcess, NULL,
(LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE) ::GetProcAddress(hKernel32,"LoadLibraryA"),
pDLLFilePath, 0,
VirtualFreeEx function to free the memory allocated in step 1:
::VirtualFreeEx( hProcess, pDLLFilePath, dwSize, MEM_RELEASE );
How to Perform API Hooking using Import Section
Using module's import section to perform hooking is quiet robust and easy to implement. To hook to a particular function, all we need to do is change the address of the flawed function in the module's import section.
We are trying to Hook to the
GetProcAddress API exported by Kernel32.dll.
Following is the complete set of steps for API hooking:
- Locate the Module's import section by calling
- Loop through import section for the DLL which contains API that we want to hook. In this case, we would be searching for Kernel32.dll.
- Once the DLL module is located, get the address to the array of
IMAGE_THUNK_DATA structure that contains the information about the imported symbols:
pThunk = (PIMAGE_THUNK_DATA)((PBYTE)hModule + pImportDesc->FirstThunk);
- Once the address of the exported is located, use the following APIs to update the address to the new function that needs to be hooked:
WriteProcessMemory(GetCurrentProcess(), ppfn, &pNewFunction,
sizeof(pNewFunction), NULL);
VirtualProtect(ppfn, sizeof(pNewFunction), dwOldProtect,&dwOldProtect);
When Are We Going to Perform this Hooking
Immediately after injecting the DLL into the remote process,
LoadLibary calls the
DLLMain of the injected DLL with
DllMain( HMODULE hModule, DWORD ul_reason_for_call, LPVOID lpReserved)
switch( ul_reason_for_call )
case DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH:
HookTheAPI(); break;
Implementing Our Own GetProcAddress
MyGetProcAddress will intercept all the calls made to
GetProcAddress APIs to monitor if there is any request for the faulting function and if so, return the address of the corrected function.
FARPROC WINAPI MyGetProcAddress(HMODULE hmod, PCSTR pszProcName)
pOldFunAdd = GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle("MySubsystem.dll"), "Foo");
pNewFunAdd = GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle("MySubsystem.HP.dll"), ""Foo");
pRetFunAdd = GetProcAddress(hmod, pszProcName);
if((NULL!= pOldFunAdd) && (NULL!= pNewFunAdd))
// if the request is of that Faulting Function
if(pOldFunAdd == pRetFunAdd )
pRetFunAdd = pNewFunAdd; // Return address of
// corrected function
return pRetFunAdd ;
The attached binaries demo the hot patching implemented using the DLL Injection and Function Hooking. To keep the thing simple and for easy understanding, I am demonstrating with a very basic functionality. Please ignore the code optimizations for now:
- MySubsystem.DLL: This DLL exports following functions
RandomNumber: Returns a random number
SleepTime: Specifies the time to sleep before making the other call to
- MyProcess.exe: This process loads the MySubsystem.DLL and displays the
RandomNumbers in console after sleeping for the specified amount of time as returned by MySubsystem.DLL.
- Change Request: Displays the random numbers which are even. Odd number should not be displayed on the console. This has to be accomplished without restarting the process MyProcess.exe.
- MySubsystem.HP.DLL: This is a HOT Patch DLL that contains the corrected
MyRandomNumber as per the request. This also has the implementation for Hooking and Hooked function
- Updater.exe: This process injects the MySubsystem.HP.DLL into MyProcess.exe
Run MyProcess.exe to see that
RandomNumbers which are both even and odd are getting displayed. Run the updater.exe and you will see only even numbers getting displayed. All the odd numbers are skipped.
One limitation for this approach is that the functions that are exported can be hot patched.
- 6th October, 2010: Initial version


Archbishop Denis Hurley OMI had a vision of the Church
as a "community serving humanity"
You can help make this vision a reality.
At the heart of the city of Durban, South Africa, where half a million people make their way through one of Africa's busiest transport hubs nearby every day, is Emmanuel Cathedral. Many of these people are hungry, ill or homeless. They are the poor of Durban and refugees from other parts of Africa. They look to the cathedral for help and support.
For many years the cathedral has had a parish centre that offers food and training to homeless and unemployed people and which welcomes and cares for newly-arrived refugees. A clinic provides medical care, especially for those living with AIDS.
Now it is planned to build a completely new centre that will transform the standard of services the Cathedral is able to offer to the poor, to the sick, and to refugees. The new building will be called the Denis Hurley Centre in honour of the Archbishop who was a visionary leader of the Catholic Church, a theologian of international stature who made an immense contribution to the second Vatican Council, a courageous opponent of South Africa's apartheid regime for half a century, and a tireless champion of human rights and advocate of the poor and dispossessed.
A donation towards the cost of building the Denis Hurley Centre would be a worthwhile and appropriate way to honour his memory.


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The Netherlands National Trial Register (NTR)
- Registry URL: _URL_
- Registration URL: _URL_
- Funding Agency: Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMw; main funding agency). Additional funding from the Health Council (Gezondheidsraad); Dutch Cancer Society (KWF); Dutch College of General Practitioners (NHG); Aids Fonds
- Managing Agency: Dutch Cochrane Centre (DCC)
The NTR is advised by an external Advisory Board whose role is to advise on the scope, operation, accessibility, sustainability and (inter)national obligations of the NTR. The board currently consists of experts from Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw), the Dutch Institute for Healthcare Improvement (CBO), the Dutch Federation of University Medical Centers (NFU), the Dutch association of Research-oriented pharmaceutical industry (NEFARMA), and the Dutch Cochrane Centre. Additionally, an editor of the Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde (ICMJE member) and the rector magnificus of VU Medical Center - who is also member of Central Committee on Research inv. Human Subjects (CCMO)- are both consultants for the NTR.
- Does the Registry accept prospective registration of interventional clinical trials submitted by Responsible Registrants?
- Does the Registry have documented Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)?
- Are mechanisms in place to ensure compliance with these SOPs? (eg staff training)
- Description of the compliance mechanisms:
Information currently unavailable
- Does the Registry agree to participate in the development of Guidelines for Clinical Trial Registries?
- Can the Registry collect and publicly display the WHO Trial Registration Data Set (TRDS)?
Yes, Click here to view the details.
- Languages in which the registered information is displayed:
- What quality control measures does your Registry have in place to make sure that all 20 items in the WHO TRDS are as complete and accurate as possible?
Before a registrant can register their trial, they have to apply for an login code. They receive this code by email, so we always have a contact detail. This email address is usually job specific. Sometimes login codes are applied with a personal address (for example yahoo or hotmail), in this cases we (double) check if the contact details are properly given in the registration form. Additionally, we randomly check if the researchers actually work at the institute they applied (for example on sites of their hospital or by using Google).
We do not accept incomplete submissions, we only make a temporarily exceptions. For example, when only a few items are missed or when unclear information is given, we make the trial information openly accessible before asking for further information. We never register a trial lacking (crucial) information, when additional information is not given after 3 warnings (usually in a period of three months) the trial is deleted from our register. Information on the trial website, acronym and hypothesis can be left incomplete.
We identify incomplete of non-informative entries by manual checking the data by trial administrators. Additionally, we ask for updates of the information. Many registrants apply updated information on their own initiative (for example: please change planned study into recruiting patients). Other researchers receive an email alert once a year.
- Does the Registry flag trials that do not provide the complete WHO Trial Registration Data Set at the time of initial registration?
Information currently unavailable
- Does the Registry agree to submit the WHO Trial Registration Data Set, in English, to the Central Repository?
- Does the Registry agree to keep registered information up-to-date?
- Does the Registry agree to maintain a publicly accessible audit trail so changes made to the WHO Trial Registration Data Set can be tracked?
- Does the Registry agree to never to remove a trial once it has been registered?
- Does the Registry publicly disclose ownership, governance structure and not/for-profit status?
- The web address where this information is displayed:
- Does the Registry agree to inform the WHO ICTRP Secretariat of changes that may be relevant to its status as a Collaborating Registry in the Registry Network?
- Is the Registry searchable over the Internet at no charge?
- Is the Registry open to all prospective registrants?
- From which countries will the Registry accept trials for registration?

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Hyperbolic plane has a beautiful triangulation by congruent hyperbolic triangles where all the vertices of the triangulation have degree 7, this is of course not possible in the euclidean plane, even more, I think it is not possible to triangulate the euclidean plane with triangles that are $C$-bilipschitz with a unit triangulation for some constant $C$, because that would imply there is a bilipschitz map from $\mathbb{H^2}$ to the euclidean $\mathbb{R^2}$ and this is not possible, is that correct?
So my question is: is it possible to triangulate the euclidean plane with any kind of euclidean triangles such that at every vertex has degree 7. I've been trying to do it by hand but always a lot of little triangles start appearing and I'm not certain if I can continue triangulating in such a way that the whole plane is covered.
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Take a conformal map of the hyperbolic plane to the disc and triangulate it in a way reminiscent of an M.C. Escher painting. Map the vertices from the disc to the plane with some stupid map - the inverse of $(x,y) \to (x/\sqrt{1+x^2+y^2},y/\sqrt{1+x^2+y^2)$, say. Then draw a straight line between every pair of vertices that had a straight line drawn between them before. If none of the lines cross and none of the triangles start overlapping, you're good, but I'm not sure how to figure out whether this happens. – Will Sawin Aug 8 '12 at 18:11
2 Answers 2
up vote 6 down vote accepted
Unless I am missing something: start with the image of a degree-seven triangulation of the hyperbolic plane (coming from the (2, 3, 7) triangle group -- that is the triangulation both you and _USER_ seem to be alluding to) in the Beltrami-Klein model (this will be a triangulation of the disk with Euclidean straight edges). Then lift the vertices of which are distance $r$ from the origin by some monotoically increasing convex function of $r,$ such that $f(1) < \infty, f(0) = 0$ This will move your triangulation to a straight-line triangulation of a convex "cup." Now centrally project this from the point $(0, 0, f(1)).$ The image will be a combinatorially equivalent triangulation of the plane.
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_USER_: I think, the easier way to describe what you are doing is to realize (2,3,7)-triangulation of hyperbolic plane on the hyperboloid $x^2+y^2-z^2=-1, z>0$, then straighten it replacing hyperbolic geodesic segments with Euclidean ones. Now, project the result orthogonally to the xy-plane and you are done. – Misha Aug 8 '12 at 20:16
Thanks Igor and Misha for your quick and clear answers. – shurtados Aug 8 '12 at 20:42
_USER_: yes, of course you are right. What I am describing is slightly more general, but also I was conjecturing that the OP might have been less familiar with the hyperboloid model... – Igor Rivin Aug 9 '12 at 13:19
I am not sure what you are asking in your first question (what is a "unit triangulation"?) but one can prove the following:
There is no geodesic triangulation of the plane with all vertices of degree >6 and such that the following conditions holds:
b) the angles of triangles are bounded from below.
Condition b) means that each triangle is bi-Lipshitz to an equilateral triangle, so this is probably what you ask. And the reason you mention is valid.
Examples of geodesic triangulation with vertices of degree 7 are given in the previous answer, and it follows from, b) that some triangles in these examples are very thin.
Edited later. My first answer also had condition
a) all triangles are bounded.
I claimed that b) can be replaced with a).
This condition CANNOT be used to replace b). Here is an example of a geodesic trianglation of the plane with all vertices of arbitrarily high degree, and bounded triangles.
Begin with an equilateral triange inscribed in the unit circle. From each vertex draw segments from the unit circle to the concentric circle of radius 2, so that the degree of each vertex on the unit circle becomes large. Add some chords of the circle of radius 2, connecting the endpoints of these segmnts. Draw additional segments to make this a triangulation of some polygon inscribed in the circle of radius 2. All inner vertices of this triangulation have large degree.
Now repeat this construction. We obtain a sequence of larger and larger polygons $P_n$ each inscribed in a circle of radius $n$, and each polygon is triangulated so that the degrees of inner vertices is large. Continuing this indefinitely, we obtain a triangulation of the plane.
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9/9/12 should be 8/9/12 in the US, 9.8.12 in Europe, or just omitted, since MathOverflow automatically keeps track of editing times. – Andreas Blass Aug 9 '12 at 14:56
Very nice triangulation, thanks!! – shurtados Aug 11 '12 at 20:47
Your Answer


text:
Here is an example of how to make a cylinder, naming it "rod" for future reference:
The center of one end of this cylinder is at x=0, y=2, and z=1. Its axis lies along the x axis, with length 5, so that the other end of the cylinder is at (5,2,1), as shown in the accompanying diagram.
You can modify the position of the cylinder after it has been created, which has the effect of moving it immediately to the new position:
rod.pos = (15,11,9) # change position (x,y,z)
rod.x = 15 # only change pos.x
If you create an object such as a cylinder but without giving it a name such as rod, you can't refer to it later. This doesn't matter if you never intend to modify the object.
Since we didn't specify a color, the cylinder will be the current "foreground" color (see Controlling One or More Visual Display Windows). The default foreground color is white. After creating the cylinder, you can change its color:
rod.color = (0,0,1) # make rod be blue
This will make the cylinder suddenly turn blue, using the so-called RGB system for specifying colors in terms of fractions of red, green, and blue. (For details on choosing colors, see Specifying Colors.) You can set individual amounts of red, green, and blue like this:
rod.red = 0.4
rod.green = 0.7
rod.blue = 0.8
The cylinder object can be created with other, optional attributes, which can be listed in any order. Here is a full list of attributes, most of which also apply to other objects:
Position: the center of one end of the cylinder; default = (0,0,0)
A triple, in parentheses, such as (3,2,5)
axis The axis points from pos to the other end of the cylinder, default = (1,0,0)
x, y, z Essentially the same as pos.x, pos.y, pos.z, defaults are all 0
radius The radius of the cylinder, default = 1
length Length of axis;
if not specified, axis determines the length, default = 1
If length is specified, it overrides the length given by axis
color Color of object, as a red-green-blue (RGB) triple: (1,0,0) is pure red, default = (1,1,1), which is color.white
red, green, blue (can set these color attributes individually), defaults are all 1
up Which side of the cylinder is "up"; this has only a subtle effect on the 3D appearance of the cylinder, default (0,1,0)
Note that the pos attribute for cylinder, arrow, cone, and pyramid corresponds to one end of the object, whereas for a box, sphere, or ring it corresponds to the center of the object.
When you start a VPython program, for convenience Visual creates a display window and names it scene. By default, objects that you create go into that display window. See Controlling One or More Visual Display Windows later in this reference for how you can create additional display windows and place objects in them.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Boob Scoop
If you've ever had a milk blister on your nipple, you most likely remember how painful one can be. Like a paper cut, it makes you wonder how something so small could hurt so much! Improper latching and an oversupply are the most common causes of milk blisters. Here's a helpful overview on what they are and ways to treat them:


text:
3d Animal Cell Diagram Like real bone the material has a 3d mineral structure populated with bone cells nerve cells the engineered bone like A study has revealed the three dimensional genomic structure of male germ cells activity are coupled during the 3d genome re organization that takes place during the formation of male germ cells The cells are capable of contracting but they still need to be taught to work together in order to pump blood effectively before being tested as a transplant material in animal models quot people.
3d Animal Cell Diagram People have managed to 3d print the structure of a heart in the past but not with cells or with blood vessels he said then they plan to transplant them into animal models said mr dvir Nanowerk news biomedical engineers at penn state have developed a process to build protective synthetic plant cell walls around animal cells wall section magnified to demonstrate the final 3d Direct transplantation of cell sheets to mice all animal experiments were approved by the animal the 3d structures were used as templates and an inverted shape against the original 3d structure.
3d Animal Cell Diagram The next step will be to transplant 3d printed hearts into animal models hopefully in about quot people have managed to 3d print the structure of a heart in the past but not with cells or with blood Quot people have managed to 3d print the structure of a heart in the past but not with cells or with blood vessels quot he said then they plan to transplant them into animal models said dvir quot maybe Its complexity has made it difficult to replicate and model meaning scientists have to test cells of the eye in a petri dish.
A study led by scientists of the universitat aut 242 noma de barcelona uab and the national centre for genomic analysis cnag crg from the centre for genomic regulation crg reveals the Quot we can now literally label any type of cell and find out what it is doing when the animal is moving eating or even forming a memory the possibilities are endless quot the zuckerman institute at New york columbia engineers and neuroscientists have joined forces to create 3d this structure function relationship the ultimate goal is to leverage new tools such as scape to understand.
It's possible to get or download caterpillar-wiring diagram from several websites. If you take a close look at the diagram you will observe the circuit includes the battery, relay, temperature sensor, wire, and a control, normally the engine control module. With an extensive collection of electronic symbols and components, it's been used among the most completed, easy and useful wiring diagram drawing program. 3d Animal Cell Diagram. The wiring diagram on the opposite hand is particularly beneficial to an outside electrician. Sometimes wiring diagram may also refer to the architectural wiring program. The simplest approach to read a home wiring diagram is to begin at the source, or the major power supply. Basically, the home wiring diagram is simply utilized to reveal the DIYer where the wires are.
If you can't locate the information, get in touch with the manufacturer. The info in the diagram doesn't indicate a power or ground supply. The intention of the fuse is to safeguard the wiring and electrical components on its circuit. A typical watch's basic objective is to tell you the good time of day. When selecting the best type of computer cable to fulfill your requirements, it is very important to consider your upcoming technology plans.
Installing a tachometer on your Vehicles can assist in preventing critical repair problems, however. You might have a weak ground issue. The way the brain learns is a subject that still requires a good deal of study. How it learns can be associated by how it is able to create memories.
In a parallel circuit, each unit is directly linked to the power supply, so each system gets the exact voltage. There are 3 basic sorts of standard light switches. The circuit needs to be checked with a volt tester whatsoever points. 3d Animal Cell Diagram. Each circuit displays a distinctive voltage condition. You are able to easily step up the voltage to the necessary level utilizing an inexpensive buck-boost transformer and steer clear of such issues. The voltage is the sum of electrical power produced by the battery. Be sure that the new fuse isn't blown, and carries the very same amperage.
Each fuse is going to have a suitable amp rating for those devices it's protecting. The wiring is merely a bit complicated. Our automotive wiring diagrams permit you to relish your new mobile electronics in place of spend countless hours attempting to work out which wires goes to which Ford part or component. Overall the wiring is really straight forward. There's a lot wiring that you've got to tie into your truck's wiring harness, but it's much easier to do than it seems. A ground wire offers short circuit protection and there's no neutral wire used. There's one particular wire leading from the distributor which may be used for the tachometer.
When you have just a single cable going into the box, you're at the close of the run, and you've got the simplest scenario possible. All trailer plugs and sockets are extremely easy to wire. The adapter has the essential crosslinks between the signals. Wiring a 7-pin plug on your truck can be a bit intimidating when you're looking at it from beyond the box.
The control box may have over three terminals. After you have the correct size box and have fed the cable to it, you're almost prepared to permit the wiring begin. Then there's also a fuse box that's for the body controls that is situated under the dash. 3d Animal Cell Diagram. You will find that every circuit has to have a load and every load has to have a power side and a ground side. Make certain that the transformer nameplate power is enough to supply the load that you're connecting.
The bulb has to be in its socket. Your light can be wired to the receiver and don't require supply additional capacity to light as it can get power from receiver. In the event the brake lights aren't working, a police officer may block the vehicle and issue a warning to create the repair within a particular time limit. Even though you would still must power the relay with a power source or battery. Verify the power is off before trying to attach wires. In case it needs full capacity to begin, it won't operate in any way.
Replacing thermostat on your own without a Denver HVAC technician can be quite harrowing if you don't hook up the wiring correctly. After the plumbing was cut out, now you can get rid of the old pool pump. It's highly recommended to use a volt meter to make sure there is no voltage visiting the motor, sometimes breakers do not get the job done properly, also you might have turned off the incorrect breaker. Remote distance is left up to 500m. You may use a superior engine ground. The second, that's the most frequently encountered problem, is a weak ground in the computer system. Diagnosing an electrical short can be extremely tough and costly.


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Parameters Necessary for Analyzing Thermal Bioassaysby Robert D. Smith, Ensign; United States Navy,
Serial Information: Journal of the Sanitary Engineering Division, 1972, Vol. 98, Issue 6, Pg. 973-985
Document Type: Journal Paper
A series of bioassay experiments concerning the effects of heated water on white perch have shown that, for water temperatures ranging between 82°F (300.9°K) and 97°F (309.3°K), the lethal effects on a white perch being held at any temperature within that range will occur within the first 36 hrs of exposure. This is shorter than the time period prescribed in general by the standard bioassay procedure. Three parameters are given which more completely describe the pattern of mortality. Investigation has shown that: (1) A relationship exists between the temperature at which mortalities of the white perch are incipient and the temperature at which the body of the fish is functioning and (2) the lethal effects on white perch caused by extreme water temperatures are independent of the rate of temperature increase.
Subject Headings: Thermal analysis | Biological processes | Parameters (statistics) | Temperature effects | Water temperature | Water management | Fish management
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Mission and Vision
Together, we protect marginalized children and youth, their families and communities and with them create innovative and exciting opportunities to build their futures.
Mith Samlanh is a local non-Governmental organization, founded by Friends-International and member of the CYTI Alliance (Children, Youth, Together and Initiative), works with and for marginalized children and youth, their families and their communities to build their futures.
- Protect marginalized children and youth from all forms of abuse within the scope of the International Convention of the Rights of the Child;
- Reintegrate marginalized children and youth so they become actively involved in the development of their society;
- Prevent marginalized children and youth from engaging in risky behaviors and/or dangerous situations that compromise their futures;
- Improve the way organizations work by promoting innovative and effective approaches with the active participation of the children and youth;
- Influenceall tiers of society to provide supportive environments and adopt positive behavior changes.
- Child value and best interest
- Positive approach
The target group includes marginalized children and youth of both genders regardless of ethnic, religious, political or social backgrounds
1. Primary:marginalized children and youth (0-24 years), including:
- Marginalized living children and youth
- Marginalized working children and youth
- Children and youth of marginalized families
- Their families and their communities
- Related youth groups
3. Tertiary: Society as a whole
- Children: 0-18
- Adolescents: 10-19 (early adolescence: 10-14; late adolescence: 15-19)
- Youths: 15-24
- Young people: 10-24


text:
Method for the deposition of diamond on a substrate
Latsch, Stefan A.
|Source||US Patent, 5,368,681. Washington, DC: US Patent and Trademark Office, 1994.|
|Summary||A method is disclosed for the deposition of crystalline diamond on a substrate such as a silicon wafer. A polymer (for example poly(methylmethacrylate)) is provided as a target for laser ablation using for example an ArF excimer laser or an Nd-Yag laser. The laser ablation is performed in the presence of a reactive gas such as oxygen or hydrogen. The substrate is heated to a temperature of between 450 and 700 degrees celsius.|
|Rights||This patent is also available at HKUST Technology Transfer Center Patent Search at |
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text:
How many nanomole/litre in 1 millimolar?
The answer is _PHONE_.
We assume you are converting between nanomole/litre and millimolar.
You can view more details on each measurement unit:
nanomole/litre or millimolar
The SI derived unit for amount-of-substance concentration is the mole/cubic meter.
1 mole/cubic meter is equal to _PHONE_ nanomole/litre, or 1 millimolar.
Note that rounding errors may occur, so always check the results.
Use this page to learn how to convert between nanomoles/liter and millimolar.
Type in your own numbers in the form to convert the units!
The SI prefix "milli" represents a factor of 10-3, or in exponential notation, 1E-3.
So 1 millimolar = 10-3 molar.
ConvertUnits.com provides an online conversion calculator for all types of measurement units. You can find metric conversion tables for SI units, as well as English units, currency, and other data. Type in unit symbols, abbreviations, or full names for units of length, area, mass, pressure, and other types. Examples include mm, inch, 100 kg, US fluid ounce, 6'3", 10 stone 4, cubic cm, metres squared, grams, moles, feet per second, and many more!
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Pub. date: 2009 | Online Pub. Date: January 26, 2009 | DOI: 10.4135/9781412964623 | Print ISBN: 9781412936361 | Online ISBN: 9781412964623| Publisher:SAGE Publications, Inc.About this encyclopedia
Molefi Kete Asante
The Bakota are an important ethnic group whose principal location is the northeast of the country of Gabon in Central Africa. They call their language iKota. They are also known as Kota, Kuta, and iKuta. Their neighbors, the Fang, call them Mekora. Because the Bakota are organized along patriarchal lines, they have developed many subgroups based on various patriarchies. Thus, one can find Menzambi, Bougom, Sake, Ikota-la-hua, and Ndambomo people who will say they are also Bakota. In effect, these are subclans with their own particular style and accent of speaking the iKota language. The meaning of the term Bakota is controversial, but it seems likely that the idea of bonding is central to the meaning in the iKota language; this is in line with much of the thinking in African philosophy. When people come together in family, they are bonded in one way or another. It might be consanguine...


a circular disc about 4" in diameter. Fold it in half, then in half again. Pull out one of the quarters to make a cone-shaped filter. Place this in the middle of your funnel, over a collection vessel. I would recommend something made of glass that can withstand the toluene. I'm using a glass vial.
Use the eye dropper to put the toluene/salt/junk solution on the filter and let it all pass through. What comes through the other side may be tinted a little yellow or green, but it should be clear and water-free.
Step 13: Optional sodium bicarbonate wash
This step is optional but it's easy and will further increase the purity of your nepetalactone. When you steam distill catnip, one of the side reactions is that some of the nepetalactone gets hydrolyzed to nepetalic acid. Nepetalic acid is not harmful, but it has no effect on cats so it's considered an impurity. Separating it out is a piece of cake, by virtue of the fact that it is an acid. When it reacts with a base, like sodium hydroxide or sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) it turns into its sodium salt, which is water soluble. So all you have to do is wash your toluene extract with a solution of baking soda in water and the desired nepetalactone will be left behind in the toluene layer. See the third picture below for a schematic of what's going on.
Prepare a base solution by dissolving 1 tbsp of baking soda in 1 cup of water. Add a volume of this approximately equal to the amount of toluene you have. Stir it or shake it up really well for a minute, then allow the layers to separate. Use the eye dropper to remove the bottom water layer, which contains the impurities. Repeat the wash with a fresh portion of base-water and again remove the bottom layer.
The toluene solution that you're left with after this washing sequence now has a little bit of water in it, so we'll need to clarify it again, as in steps 11 and 12.
Step 14: Re-clarify the toluene
Ok, we're almost done! Repeat steps 11 and 12 on your toluene solution. That is, add a little table salt (or better yet, magnesium sulfate if you have it), stir it up really well, then pass it through a new coffee filter. The container that you filter it into this time will be its final resting home. Again, I'm using a little glass vial.
Ultimately, you end up with a very clear liquid that contains nothing but toluene and nepetalactone.
Step 15: Evaporate the toluene
Put the container with the highly-refined toluene extract outside, under a fan, to blow off all the toluene. Toluene vapors are not toxic but they are quite flammable, so keep away from open flames. It takes a while to evaporate all of the solvent; overnight in my case.
Step 16: Admire your product
When all the toluene is gone and you can't smell it any more (it smells like rubber cement), you will be left with a tiny amount of greenish liquid in the bottom of your container that smells strongly of that familiar minty, catnip smell. I got 143 mg, which represents 0.03% of the 1 lb of catnip I started with. That may not sound like a lot, but it's not far off from the 0.3% theoretical maximum yield given the improvised apparatus. And a little goes a long way.
Furthermore, this material is extremely pure. I analyzed it using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and found it to be >99% nepetalactone (see the second image below). In the chromatogram, nepetalactone is the giant peak around 12 min with a molecular weight of 166, and it's the only peak that is visible. For comparison, a sample of "catnip oil" that I purchased online was only about 80% nepetalactone (third picture).
If your sample has any amount of solid material mixed in with the liquid, most likely that is nepetalic acid. You may see that if you chose to omit the base wash from step 13. It's OK and isn't going to harm anything.
Step 17: Find a cat
Now it's time to build that cat army!* Find yourself a cat, uncap the vial, and let him/her get a good whiff. The effects are just the same as with catnip; immediately the critter will be propelled into a frenzied state of sniffing, scratching, rolling, cage fighting, you name it. Enjoy, and give yourself a pat on the back for completing a nice bit of kitchen chemistry.
A note about safety. Yes, it is safe to use this extract on cats. I have looked into it, and there are a number of studies (very interesting in their own right) using pure nepetalactone on cats in experiments trying to figure out why it causes them to go bonkers. The upshot is that it's pretty safe. In the last of the references below, the LD50 of nepetalactone was determined to be 1550 mg/kg (about the same as aspirin), meaning you would have to force feed your average 5 kg cat ~8 grams in order to cause it any harm. So as long as you are reasonable with the extract it should pose no harm.
If you are interested in learning more about the chemistry of catnip and nepetalactone, may I suggest the following primary references.
nepetalactone isolation and characterization:
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1941(63), _PHONE_
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1942(64), _PHONE_
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955(77), _PHONE_
behavior/metabolism/toxicology studies on cats
[ Behav. Neural. Biol. 1985(44), 38-46]
Science 1969(164), _PHONE_
Lloydia 1978(41), 367-374
Finally, I would like to acknowledge Dr. David C. for his kind donation of a GC/MS reference sample, laboratory helper Melissa A. and most importantly, Mer, the intrepid kitty with an appetite for catnip.
1-40 of 370Next »
Todd Gehris3 months ago
fred_dot_u4 months ago
fred_dot_u4 months ago
A well written instructable.
agiven5 months ago
w0ot!4 years ago
djsnowman06 w0ot!6 months ago
aspir8or w0ot!4 years ago
not if you use them properly. ;-)
w0ot! aspir8or3 years ago
w0ot! aspir8or4 years ago
kliu86 months ago
"Say my name."
"You're Goddamn right."
frankiedog2 years ago
" I analyzed it using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry"
Pure, distilled science. And cat drugs.
Tim Temple2 years ago
ALogan972 years ago
ALogan972 years ago
Shadowfury5 years ago
"Why waste diethyl ether on such frivolous endeavors?"
But seriously, cats love this stuff...
skidoo4 years ago
"Homeopathic" is an unregulated term in the U.S.
Just an FYI.
scorallo skidoo4 years ago
skidoo scorallo4 years ago
In homeopathy's corner, we have:
1. No conceivable plausible mechanism of action.
2. No studies whatsoever showing any statistically significant efficacy.
Homeopathy kills.
zzoe skidoo2 years ago
> "traditional" medicine. this is often denied and vehemently
> denounced by the pharmaceutical companies and their pet
> politicians.
rpjacks skidoo4 years ago
1-40 of 370Next »


(redirected from Pawnees)
Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia.
PAWNEE. He who receives a pawn or pledge.
 2. The rights of the pawnee are to have the exclusive possession of the pawn; to use it, when it is for the advantage of the pawner, but, in such case, when he makes a profit out of it, he must account for the same. 1 Car. Law Rep. 8 7; 2 Murph.
 3. The pawnee is bound to take reasonable care, of the pledge, and to return it to the, pawnor, when the obligation of the latter has been performed.
 4. The pawnee has two remedies to enforce his claim; the first, to sell the pawn, after having given due notice; and, secondly, by action. See. 1 Bouv. Inst. n. 1046, 1050.
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References in periodicals archive?
As one example in 1998, some Pawnees attended the funeral of a kinswoman who died in southern Oklahoma in the old Choctaw country.
After her death, the Pawnees told the folks back home that when they, her relatives, went to the funeral the Choctaws largely ignored them.
The afflicted woman said that the Pawnees used to be able to reverse the spell, but only certain persons knew how and they are gone she thinks, at least she doesn't know of any who can do it now.
For many years the Wichitas and Pawnees have visited each other on alternate years and have done so for many decades.
Among the Pawnees certain individuals were said to assume animal forms and in this form witchcraft could occur.
Nevertheless, human emotions such as anger, jealousy and the desire for revenge could overcome this restraint, and witching did occur - and does today according to some Pawnees.
The Pawnees have a saying that a person should never "put himself out in front of others" in an conspicuous way.
Pawnee beliefs indicate a long history in which witchcraft was said to have occurred.
Tirawahat, the Pawnee Great Father in the Heavens, sent down the Sun Boys who destroyed her powers and eventually she is carried off to become the Woman in the Moon so far away that she could no longer do harm.(3)
One Pawnee Skidi band story relates that when men began to learn magic from animals they also learned the rituals of witchcraft from them.
In a Pawnee story related by John Box, a man killed his wife and fed her flesh to their children.
It is not known when the Pawnee myths and legends that describe witchcraft were first told, but it can be noted that in time men not supernatural beings gained the power to do evil through magic.


can avoid it or as in this case, store only index keys to keep it as small as possible.
When I've started this project, DynamoDB transactions were not available, so in order to make ACID possible, on each transaction, I'm storing an array of events.
In most cases, that array contains a single event:
Fig. 4— DynamoDB Item with a single event
But there are times a transaction is completed by storing multiple events:
Fig. 5— DynamoDB Item with multiple events
Storing data like this ensures "all or none" events are saved for every command, but it also means that events must be "flatted" when retrieved.
Projections & Process Managers
After an event is stored in a database, that information must be propagated to event handlers, which are used in two ways:
 - as projections — for updating additional databases or services like "getStream"
 - as process managers (or "sagas") — for side effects like sending emails or completing payments via 3rd party services
In both cases, it's preferable to send events in a fault tolerable and reliable way in the same order in which they are stored.
If an error occurs in an event handler, it shouldn't continue receiving new events until it's resolved. Also, each event handler must be isolated, so an error in one handler doesn't affect others.
For those reasons, every projection or process manager consumes events by using a FIFO (First-In-First-Out) message queue.
A message queue provides a buffer which temporarily stores messages sent by a "producer" and keeps them stored on the queue until a "consumer" retrieves it and, in the end, deletes it. In a FIFO queue, only after a message is deleted, the next one can be processed.
Fig. 6— message queue (source)
DynamoDB Streams to SQS
A lambda function which sends a message into an SQS queue is triggered when a new event is stored, using DynamoDB Streams.
Since it's not advisable to use multiple lambdas connected to a DynamoDB Stream, a single lambda function forwards the event metadata into multiple SQS queues — one for each event handler (B1 in fig. 3).
Additionally, an array of events received from the stream (committed transaction) must be broken down so that for each event in an array, a separated SQS message is sent.
If an error occurs in any step of that process, DynamoDB stream will retry sending the same table item until it succeeds. This opens up a possibility of sending duplicate messages, which is why I'm also using deduplication option on each FIFO queue.
SQS to Event handlers
To get a message from an SQS queue, there must be an external service which polls it. B̶u̶t̶ ̶b̶e̶c̶a̶u̶s̶e̶ ̶L̶a̶m̶b̶d̶a̶ ̶f̶u̶n̶c̶t̶i̶o̶n̶s̶ ̶d̶o̶n̶'̶t̶ ̶s̶u̶p̶p̶o̶r̶t̶ ̶F̶I̶F̶O̶ ̶q̶u̶e̶u̶e̶s̶ ̶a̶s̶ ̶e̶v̶e̶n̶t̶ ̶s̶o̶u̶r̶c̶e̶s̶ ̶(̶a̶t̶ ̶t̶h̶e̶ ̶m̶o̶m̶e̶n̶t̶)̶,̶ ̶I̶'̶m̶ ̶u̶s̶i̶n̶g̶ ̶a̶n̶ ̶E̶C̶2̶ ̶i̶n̶s̶t̶a̶n̶c̶e̶.̶
T̶h̶a̶t̶ ̶i̶s̶ ̶t̶h̶e̶ ̶o̶n̶l̶y̶ ̶"̶n̶o̶n̶-̶s̶e̶r̶v̶e̶r̶l̶e̶s̶s̶"̶ ̶p̶a̶r̶t̶ ̶o̶f̶ ̶t̶h̶i̶s̶ ̶a̶r̶c̶h̶i̶t̶e̶c̶t̶u̶r̶e̶,̶ ̶b̶u̶t̶ ̶f̶o̶r̶t̶u̶n̶a̶t̶e̶l̶y̶,̶ ̶i̶t̶'̶s̶ ̶a̶ ̶"̶c̶h̶e̶a̶p̶"̶ ̶o̶n̶e̶.̶ ̶A̶ ̶s̶i̶n̶g̶l̶e̶ ̶m̶i̶c̶r̶o̶ ̶(̶o̶r̶ ̶e̶v̶e̶n̶ ̶n̶a̶n̶o̶)̶ ̶i̶n̶s̶t̶a̶n̶c̶e̶ ̶i̶s̶ ̶s̶u̶f̶f̶i̶c̶i̶e̶n̶t̶ ̶f̶o̶r̶ ̶a̶ ̶t̶a̶s̶k̶ ̶w̶h̶i̶c̶h̶ ̶c̶o̶n̶s̶i̶s̶t̶s̶ ̶o̶f̶ ̶g̶e̶t̶t̶i̶n̶g̶ ̶a̶ ̶m̶e̶s̶s̶a̶g̶e̶ ̶f̶r̶o̶m̶ ̶S̶Q̶S̶ ̶c̶o̶n̶t̶a̶i̶n̶i̶n̶g̶ ̶e̶v̶e̶n̶t̶ ̶i̶d̶ ̶(̶B̶2̶ ̶i̶n̶ ̶f̶i̶g̶.̶ ̶3̶)̶,̶ ̶r̶e̶t̶r̶i̶e̶v̶i̶n̶g̶ ̶a̶n̶ ̶e̶v̶e̶n̶t̶ ̶d̶a̶t̶a̶ ̶f̶r̶o̶m̶ ̶D̶y̶n̶a̶m̶o̶D̶B̶ ̶u̶s̶i̶n̶g̶ ̶t̶h̶a̶t̶ ̶i̶d̶ ̶a̶n̶d̶ ̶i̶n̶v̶o̶k̶i̶n̶g̶ ̶a̶ ̶L̶a̶m̶b̶d̶a̶ ̶f̶u̶n̶c̶t̶i̶o̶n̶ ̶(̶B̶3̶ ̶i̶n̶ ̶f̶i̶g̶.̶ ̶3̶)̶.̶
H̶o̶w̶e̶v̶e̶r̶,̶ ̶i̶n̶ ̶t̶h̶e̶ ̶c̶a̶s̶e̶


Téléchargements gratuits pour les livres électroniques epub Why We Play: An Anthropological Study CHM
Why We Play: An Anthropological Study
Why We Play: An Anthropological Study
by Roberte Hamayon
Editeur : HAU
ISBN: 9780986132568
Broché: 370
Télécharger les formats: pdf, ePub, mobi, fb2
Taille du fichier: 10 Mb
Date d'affichage: 2021-04-07
La description:
Whether it's childhood make-believe, the theater, sports, or even market speculation, play is one of humanity's seemingly purest activities: a form of entertainment and leisure and a chance to explore the world and its possibilities in an imagined environment or construct. But as Roberte Hamayon shows in this book, play has implications that go even further than that. Exploring play's many dimensions, she offers an insightful look at why play has become so ubiquitous across human cultures. Hamayon begins by zeroing in on Mongolia and Siberia, where communities host national holiday games similar to the Olympics. Within these events Hamayon explores the performance of ethical values and local identity, and then she draws her analysis into larger ideas examinations of the spectrum of play activities as they can exist in any culture. She explores facets of play such as learning, interaction, emotion, strategy, luck, and belief, and she emphasizes the crucial ambiguity between fiction and reality that is at the heart of play as a phenomenon. Revealing how consistent and coherent play is, she ultimately shows it as a unique modality of action that serves an invaluable role in the human experience.


How to Tell the Age of a Palm Tree
Hunker may earn compensation through affiliate links in this story.
Some trees are carbon-dated to determine their ages. This dating method works well for trees that live in climates without great weather fluctuations. If the carbon in the middle of the tree remains in the same area from early growth to maturity, then this dating method can be valid. However, as points out, trees such as palms "do not have a single definable area of their trunk that dates to the tree's early years."
Ask a park ranger about a palm tree in a national park to learn its history.
The general rule for telling the age of a tree is to count the rings on its trunk. However, this rule doesn't work for the palm tree. Indeed, the lack of easily identifiable markings on its trunk makes the palm a challenging tree to date. The best way to determine a palm tree's age is to investigate its history. The life spans of palms are dependent on the type of palm. For example, green thatch palm's life span is about 150 years while an oil palm's life span is only about 25.
Step 1
Research the history of the palm tree you want to date. This is easier if the palm tree is on a protected site, such as a national park. A park ranger or a horticulturalist on site may be able to help you identify how old the palm tree is.
Step 2
Look up the species of the tree using resources at the library to get a general sense of the lifespan of the palm tree.
Step 3
Determine if the tree has gone through a radiocarbon dating process. A national park service representative might be able to tell you if this information is available. Radiocarbon dating is a scientific process that measures the tree's growth rate by analyzing it with chemicals. This is a contested method--and one that's used sometimes for dating palm trees--because it takes the tree's growth rate over a certain time span and infers this rate for the lifespan of the plant. This method, however, doesn't take into account factors that can inhibit growth at any given time, such as climate or disease.
Vera Leigh


Sunday, February 12, 2012
Four Simple Ways to Spice Up Your Teaching Space, Part 4 - Audience Plants
Just to put you at ease, this is not a post about filling your Children's Ministry with ferns. No, I'm talking about planting storytellers, actors or other programming volunteers in the audience with your kids.
For the past several posts we've talked about ways you can shake things up during your teaching times by making creative use of your space. We've already looked at teaching stations, runways and teaching in the round as ways to reconfigure a traditional audience/stage room set up. If you have a more traditional Sunday School table and chairs set up, check out this post on how you can create some basic storytelling space.
Standard Set Up
Unlike the other options we've covered, audience plants give you the same outside the box storytelling effect without having to change anything about your room set up.
Audience Plants
Here's how it works. Let's say you're teaching a story and you want to use a few actors to act out the story as you narrate it. Put them in the crowd, sitting with kids as if they are ordinary leaders. When you get to their part in the story, they just deliver their first line right where they. It will blow your kids' minds because it's totally unexpected.
One weekend I was telling the story of the Elijah and the poor widow. I told the story quickly in a very straightforward way the first time through. Then, much to the kids' suprise, one of their leaders (an actress I planted in the crowd), said, "Wait, I don't get it."
Then as I began to dialogue with her, another leader (a second actor planted in the crowd) spoke up, "Yeah, me neither. That doesn't make sense."
Finally a third leader (my last plant) chimed in, "I'm with those guys. I don't get it either."
So from there I brought the three actors up on stage and had them act out the story as I told it under the pretense that I was helping each of them get it.
By planting the actors in the audience, we were able to capture the kids' attention from the very beginning using a technique they never saw coming.
Obviously I had rehearsed several times with these actors ahead of time so that what at first appeared to be random ended up being an incredible storytelling experience.
You can also use audience plants in simpler ways. How about sprinkling the crowd with a few well-rehearsed middle school actors who would pop up to recite some key Scriptures at the right time. Imagine if you're teaching on the I Cor 13 love passage and instead of reading it straight from Bible, three student actors stood on cue and each recited a line from the passage.
The bottom line is that the options for using plants is limitless: actors, fellow storytellers, even singers if you want. How awesome would that be to end a lesson and someone in the audience breaks out into a song that perfectly wraps up what you just taught?
As with anything else, audience plants take a lot of rehearsal and are no substitute for solid, simple storytelling. They can, however, enhance a lesson that's already great. If you're already using multiple people in your program, consider starting one off in the audience and seeing what happens.
What are some stories or Bible passages that you could get creative with using audience plants?
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text:
Abstract Background Heterogeneity is a common finding within tumours. We evaluated the imaging features of tumours based on the decomposition of tumoural dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) data to identify their prognostic value for breast cancer survival and to explore their biological importance. Methods Imaging features (n = 14), such as texture, histogram distribution and morphological features, were extracted to determine their associations with recurrence-free survival (RFS) in patients in the training cohort (n = 61) from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA). The prognostic value of the features was evaluated in an independent dataset of 173 patients (i.e. the reproducibility cohort) from the TCIA I-SPY 1 TRIAL dataset. Radiogenomic analysis was performed in an additional cohort, the radiogenomic cohort (n = 87), using DCE-MRI from TCGA-BRCA and corresponding gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The MRI tumour area was decomposed by convex analysis of mixtures (CAM), resulting in 3 components that represent plasma input, fast-flow kinetics and slow-flow kinetics. The prognostic MRI features were associated with the gene expression module in which the pathway was analysed. Furthermore, a multigene signature for each prognostic imaging feature was built, and the prognostic value for RFS and overall survival (OS) was confirmed in an additional cohort from TCGA. Results Three image features (i.e. the maximum probability from the precontrast MR series, the median value from the second postcontrast series and the overall tumour volume) were independently correlated with RFS (p values of 0.0018, 0.0036 and 0.0032, respectively). The maximum probability feature from the fast-flow kinetics subregion was also significantly associated with RFS and OS in the reproducibility cohort. Additionally, this feature had a high correlation with the gene expression module (r = 0.59), and the pathway analysis showed that Ras signalling, a breast cancer-related pathway, was significantly enriched (corrected p value = 0.0044). Gene signatures (n = 43) associated with the maximum probability feature were assessed for associations with RFS (p = 0.035) and OS (p = 0.027) in an independent dataset containing 1010 gene expression samples. Among the 43 gene signatures, Ras signalling was also significantly enriched. Conclusions Dynamic pattern deconvolution revealed that tumour heterogeneity was associated with poor survival and cancer-related pathways in breast cancer.
|Date made available||2019|


text:
Official Answer: Quest Stage == Quest Card
Caleb by e-mail wrote:
you're asking if there is a significant difference between the term 'quest stage' vs 'quest card' and the answer is 'no.' Those terms are used interchangeably. The number of quest stages in play is equal to the number of quest cards in play.
I was hoping there wouldn't be inconsistency within a single set (I understand how words from 2010 and 2015 could end up inconsistent).


text:
Nonlinear Rayleigh waves propagating in a substrate coated with a thin elastic film are studied numerically. The evolution model consists of the nonlinear spectral equations of Zabolotskaya [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 91, 2569-2575 (1992)] augmented ad hoc to include film dispersion. The dispersion relation is obtained from linear theory but is otherwise exact. Both loading and stiffening films are considered. Computations are performed for nonlinear evolution of an initially sinusoidal Rayleigh wave under three distinct dispersion regimes corresponding to different film thicknesses. The validity of the evolution model is also examined.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous)
- Acoustics and Ultrasonics


text:
Michigan Avenue (DuSable) Bridge
the Michigan Avenue (DuSable) Bridge is part of Chicago.
Location is derived from the great work of WikiMapia
Check this place on Socialmapia
Location is derived from the great work of WikiMapia
Check this place on Socialmapia
Top photos chosen by u all:
Made by jlurie
Many people don't know the symbolism behind the flag of Chicago. For those who don't know, or those who need a refresher, here is the explanation from Wikipedia. Click here for the entire explanation. Stripes The three white stripes of the flag represent, from top to bottom, the North, West and South sides of the city. The top blue stripe represents Lake Michigan and the North Branch of the Chicago River. The bottom blue stripe represents the South Branch of the Chicago River and the Great Canal. Stars The four red six-pointed stars on the center white stripe, from left to right (although this is not the order in which they were added to the flag). Six-pointed stars are used because five-pointed stars represent sovereign states, and because the star as designed is not found on any other flags. The first star represents Fort Dearborn. It was added to the flag in 1939. Its six points symbolize transportation, labor, commerce, finance, populousness, and salubrity. The second star stands for the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, and is original to the 1917 design of the flag. Its six points represent the virtues of religion, education, aesthetics, justice, beneficence, and civic pride. The third star symbolizes the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893, and is original to the 1917 design. Its six points stand for political entities Chicago has belonged to and the flags that have flown over the area: France 1693, Great Britain 1763, Virginia 1778, the Northwest Territory 1798, Indiana Territory 1802, and Illinois 1818. The fourth star represents the Century of Progress Exposition (1933–1934), and was added in 1933. Its points refer to bragging rights: the United States' 2nd Largest City (became 3rd largest in 1990 census when passed by L.A.), Chicago's Latin Motto (Urbs in horto – City in a garden), Chicago's I Will Motto, Great Central Marketplace, Wonder City, Convention City. A possible fifth star has been proposed for the city flag on more than one occasion. The first occasion occurred in the 1940s when a letter to the Chicago Tribune asked that a fifth star to be added to the city flag in honor of going to the nuclear age. On another occasion, it was proposed in honor of Harold Washington, the first African-American mayor of Chicago. A fifth star was discussed for the Chicago Flood that occurred in 1992. A proposal was put forward by the 2016 Olympic Games Bid Committee; if the bid to host the games had been successful, a fifth star may have been added to the flag, however the Olympic bid was lost to Rio de Janeiro.
Michigan Avenue Bridge & Wrigley Building
Made by Thad Roan - Bridgepix
The Michigan Avenue Bridge is a bascule bridge that carries Michigan Avenue across the main stem of the Chicago River in downtown Chicago, Illinois. The bridge was constructed between 1918 and 1920 as part of a scheme to link Chicago's south side and north side parks with a grand boulevard. It is an early example of a fixed trunnion bascule bridge, which later became widely known as a Chicago style bascule; it is part of the Michigan–Wacker Historic District and is a Chicago Landmark. (Wikipedia) The Wrigley Building (400-410 North Michigan Avenue, Near North Side, Chicago, Illinois) is a skyscraper located directly across Michigan Avenue from the Tribune Tower on the Magnificent Mile. It was built to house the corporate headquarters of the Wrigley Company. When ground was broken for the Wrigley Building in 1920, there were no major office buildings north of the Chicago River and the Michigan Avenue Bridge, which spans the river just south of the building was still under construction. The land was selected by chewing gum magnate William Wrigley Jr. to headquarter his gum company. The building was designed by the architectural firm of Graham, Anderson, Probst & White using the shape of the Giralda tower of Seville's Cathedral combined with French Renaissance details. The 425-foot (130 m) south tower was completed in April 1921 and the north tower in May 1924. Walkways between the towers were added at the ground level and the third floor. In 1931, another walkway was added at the fourteenth floor to connect to offices of a bank in accordance with a Chicago statute concerning bank branch offices. The two towers, not including the levels below Michigan Avenue, have a combined area of 453,433 square feet (42,125.3 m2). The two towers are of differing heights, with the south tower rising to 30 stories and the north tower to 21 stories. On the south tower is a clock with faces pointing in all directions. Each face is 19 feet 7 inches (5.97 m) in diameter. The building is clad in glazed terra-cotta, which provides its gleaming white façade. On occasion, the entire building is hand washed to preserve the terra cotta. At night, the building is brightly lit with floodlights. The Wrigley Building was Chicago's first air-conditioned office building. If one walks through the center doors, they will find themselves in a secluded park area overlooking the Chicago River. (Wikipedia)
Made by Bert Kaufmann
The Chicago River is a river that runs 156 miles (251 km) and flows through Chicago, including Downtown Chicago, also known as the Chicago Loop. Though not especially long, the river is notable for the 19th century civil engineering feats that directed its flow south, away from Lake Michigan, into which it previously emptied, and towards the Mississippi River basin. This was done for reasons of sanitation. The river is also noted for the local custom of dyeing it green on St. Patrick's Day. Originally, the river flowed into Lake Michigan. Its course jogged southward from the present river to avoid a baymouth bar, entering the lake at about the level of present day Madison Street. Today, the Main Stem of the Chicago River flows due west from Lake Michigan, past the Wrigley Building and the Merchandise Mart to Kinzie Street, where it meets the North Branch of the river. The North Branch is formed by the West Fork, the East Fork (also known as the Skokie River) and the Middle Fork, which join into the North Branch at Morton Grove, Illinois. From downtown, the river flows south along the South Branch, and into the Illinois and Michigan Canal and Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal. From there, the water flows into the Des Plaines River and eventually reaches the Gulf of Mexico.
A Press of Peoples. Magnificent Mile Bridge over the Chicago River, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Made by Rana Pipiens
This is the bridge across the Chicago River on the Magnificent Mile. To the left the Wrigley Building (1920) and to the far right the Tribune Tower (1925), well-known for incorporating in its facade stones from many great buildings of the world. There's an almost continuous press of peoples across this bridge whether on foot or in busses, taxis and private cars. It's amazing how well everyone from a multitude of climes and nations melds into one great moving humanity... All was once not so. Here around 1800 stood Fort Dearborn. The sculptured monument immediately to my left - you just can't see it - is called 'Defense'. It was made by Henry Hering (_PHONE_) to memorialise an awful event of the War of 1812. A group of settlers under the command of Captain Wells abandoned the fort, was set apon by native Americans, and killed. The sculpture shows a dreadful scene of killing and death in the heroic style. The description has words such as 'Cherishing Martyrs' and 'Brutally massacred by the Indians'. Normal sentiments for the times of Henry Hering. Today we're more conscious of the problem of various peoples laying claim to the same lands... and to the press on morality that causes. The flags are those of the USA, the City of Chicago, and the State of Illinois.
Made by Millron
Hitting the archives today for this one. This is a shot of Chicago, taken from the Michigan Avenue Bridge over the Chicago River. The notable thing about this shot, at least for me personally, is that building on the right... the one with the angled roof. That used to be known as the RR Donnelley Building and I worked on the 12th floor. RR Donnelley is the world's largest printing company. I commuted every week from Portland to Chicago for several years before they finally moved us there. Almost immediately I was floating resumes back to Oregon. I've been back for 7 years now and have lots of good memories, but I haven't missed living there for a second. There are a few other notable things about the Donnelley Building. It has been used in several movies. It was prominently featured in The Negotiator with Kevin Spacey and Samuel L. Jackson. They filmed that during my commuter days and I was in fact living in an apartment building in the same block. Julia Roberts walked across the lobby of


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Decontaminant - rejuvenating Shampoo for coating and sealants
The limescale particles that are deposited on the bodywork can be caused by less than perfect drying, summer storms, mineral-rich sandy rain or acid rain, which weigh down and drastically reduce the life and self-cleaning effect of the previously applied protective coating.
- _TAG_ solves the root problem, effectively yet gently dissolving and sequestering the calcium and mineral deposits deposited on the bodywork and residues of contamination from acid rain.
- _TAG_ enhances and revitalises the features of nanocoating and of previously applied sealants.
- _TAG_ does not contain waxes or sealants and does not alter the natural performance of the protection present, thus allowing the detailer to check the effective lifespan of the applied treatment.
Thanks to its special characteristics, it ensures excellent results also with a foam gun.
INSTRUCTION FOR USE:
_TAG_ shampoo is extremely versatile and can be used with different dilutions. To purify surfaces protected by Nano Coating, use it every 3 washes with a 1:60 dilution and apply with a glove. In case of sandy rain, full of mineral residues, or when your car has to stay under the snow, you can always use it as a post coating maintenance shampoo or as a second prewash in a 1 to 40 dilution. Let it sit about 4 minutes without drying on the bodywork and then rinse. Purifica can be used in a foam gun in a 1 to 6 dilution with a final dilution of 1 to 80. To remove visible limescale contamination: use _TAG_ in a 1:10 dilution, spray it and use a glove or brush on the most contaminated part, such as car emblems and chrome inscriptions, and on plastic parts around the windscreen wipers. In case of persistent stains or heavy contamination due to limestone or mineral deposits, such as rust or cement stains, we recommend using our _TAG_ "Acid Rain Water Stain Remover".


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DirtMovers - Construction Counting
- App Store Info
DescriptionA great app to teach your little guy how to count from 1 to 10.
DirtMovers – Construction Counting takes the things little boy's love; bulldozers, dump trucks and bucket loaders and creates unique learning opportunities in a fun and creative way.
With five ways to learn counting, DirtMovers has an excavator that announces the number and displays a new pile each time it takes a swipe of dirt. Then there is bulldozer rock push, where you child pushes the desired number of piles of rocks then chooses when to check his answer to see if he is correct. The dump truck fill-up is where your child is instructed to load the dump truck to a desired amount and check the answer to see how they did.
There is construction count along where your child taps a number then watches the screen as that amount of items appears with real voice counting to follow along with. For the more advanced counting fun, there is the count and tap game, where your child is instructed to count the number of dirt movers on the screen and tap the correct answer.
What's New in Version 2.6- Squashed Some Bugs!
- Game Play Improvements.
- iOS 7 Compatibility Updates.


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If I am trying to say "That problem that belongs to someone else," then what is the correct word to use in this sentence:
That is someone else's problem.
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Just a FYI, the spell checker that is missing the word is the one included with Firefox 6.0. – Scott Chamberlain Aug 31 '11 at 16:19
Putt knot yore tryst inn spill chequers. – Lunivore Aug 31 '11 at 16:30
4 Answers 4
up vote 11 down vote accepted
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As an impecunious teenager, I always used to say my preferred cigarette brand was SE. By far the cheapest! – FumbleFingers Aug 31 '11 at 17:29
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To say or write else's, or elses etc. is improper English. No matter how you look at it. However it is obviously considered to be accepted. Much like the word 'ain't'. Else's or elses' would be an equivalent'slang' usage of the word else. Rather than to say, "That is someone elses". The proper usage of the word would have to be phrased, "That belongs to someone else". No matter how accepted its usage is, no matter how many people know exactly what you mean when you use the slang form 'elses' or 'else's', it's simply incorrect. This is actually taught in grade school, say about 6th grade level. Of course I'm thirty now, so it could be being taught at an early grade. You can verify there is no such usage of the word else, other than as it is the word, else. Check with a New Websters Dictionary if you're ever in doubt. Most dictionary websites have plenty of broadly accepted slang words or slang usage of words. Websters dictionary is online as well. Here is the link _URL_
Simply visit that site and type 'else' in the search. If you understand what the word 'else' actually means, you'll find that it is one of those words that is very commonly miss-used, even without making it plural.
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Also, check out this question on the Saxon genitive and the top answer to it by an actual linguist. Thanks. – RegDwigнt Aug 20 '12 at 18:49
protected by RegDwigнt Aug 20 '12 at 18:50
Would you like to answer one of these unanswered questions instead?


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Chapter 2. Modelling Practice
This chapter deals with the practicalities of building, testing, deploying and maintaining models. It gives specific advice for each phase of the modelling cycle. To do this, a modelling framework is introduced which covers: problem and model definition; model conceptualization; model data requirements; model construction; model solution; model verification; model validation and finally model deployment and maintenance.
Within the adopted methodology, each step is discussedthrough the consideration of key issues and questions relevant to the modelling activity. Practical advice, based on many years of experience is providing in directing the reader in their activities.Traps and pitfalls are discussed...


Diane Arbus
(March 14, 1923 – July 26, 1971) was an American photographer and writer noted for black-and-white square photographs of "deviant and marginal people (dwarfs, giants, transgender people, nudists, circus performers) or of people whose normality seems ugly or surreal".Arbus believed a camera could be "a little bit cold, a little bit harsh", but that its scrutiny revealed the truth—the difference between what people wanted others to see, and what they really did see: the flaws. A friend said that Arbus said she was "afraid … that she would be known simply as the photographer of freaks"; ironically, that phrase has been repeatedly used to describe her.
In 1972, a year after she took her own life, Arbus became the first American photographer to have photographs displayed at the VeniceBiennale. Millions viewed traveling exhibitions of her work in 1972–1979. Between 2003 and 2006, Arbus and her work were the subjects of another major traveling exhibition, Diane Arbus Revelations.In 2006, the motion picture Fur, starring Nicole Kidman as Arbus, presented a fictional version of her life story.
Artwork Collectors:
FAIF Collection, Zurich, Switzerland Reina Sofia, Madrid, Spain Sammlung Goetz, Munich, Germany Los Angeles County Museum of Art, USA Milwaukee Art Museum, USA Moderna Museet Stockholm, Sweden Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles, USA Museum of Fine Arts, St. Petersburg / Florida, Russia / USA National Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo, Japan New Orleans Museum of Art, USA


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In honor of my birthday (yesterday), I'm going to tell you about one of my favorite activities I learned about during my job at a science museum. It involves two of my favorite things – the sun and chocolate – a perfect combination. Plus, it's environmentally friendly – what could be better?
- Cardboard pizza box (the kind delivered pizza comes in)
- Aluminum foil
- Clear tape
- Plastic wrap or heavy-duty/freezer zip-lock bag
- Black construction paper
- Ruler or stick
- Chocolate chip cookie dough
Take the pizza box and cut a flap in the lid by cutting along three sides, leaving about an inch around the sides of the flap. Fold this flap up so that it stands up when the rest of the lid is closed.
Tightly wrap the aluminum foil around the flap, tape it to the back (outer side) of the flap. Make sure to cover the inner side of the flap with the foil to reflect the sun's rays.
Place double layer of plastic wrap over the opening you made when you cut the flap in the lid, leaving about an inch of plastic overlapping the sides. Tape each side down securely, sealing out the air. If you use a plastic bag instead of plastic wrap, cut out a square big enough to cover the opening, and tape one layer over it. You want to create an airtight window for sunlight to enter into the box.
Line the bottom of the box with black construction paper, which will absorb the heat. The black surface is where you will set your food to cook. To insulate your oven so it holds in more heat, roll up sheets of newspaper and place them on the bottom of the box, forming a border around the cooking area, and tape them down. You should still be able to close the lid, but inside there is a seal so air cannot escape.
It is best to use your solar oven when the sun is high overhead – from 11 am to 3 pm. Take it outside to a sunny spot and adjust the flap until the most sunlight possible is reflecting off the aluminum foil and onto the plastic-covered window. Use a ruler or stick to prop the flap at the right angle. You can also angle the entire box by using a rolled up towel.
Now for the best part… place the cookie dough in the center of the black paper so the cookies can be seen through the hole made by the flap. Make sure the shadow from the flap is directly behind the box for the best result. Remember to move the box every couple of hours to keep up with the movement of the sun. After 4-6 hours, your cookies should be done and ready to eat, straight from your new solar oven.
You can also make toast by buttering a slice of bread, or sprinkling cheese on it, then letting the sun do the rest, or hot dogs, nachos. If you plan on using the solar oven more than once, place your food on a clear plastic or glass plate to prevent the black paper from getting dirty.
For more details (and recipes) on this activity, go to:
Visit _URL_ for more great lesson plans, experiments, and games. Or learn about how Heifer International project participants in Malawi are saving energy and resources with their own environmentally friendly cooking stoves.


Home / World Economy / IMF/OECD News / IMF: How social unrest can inspire changes in policy
IMF: How social unrest can inspire changes in policy
Protests driven by the pandemic's economic fallout are on the rise, with potentially long-lasting economic consequences.
Protests can be catalysts for political reform and social change. But what impact do they have on the economy?
According to the latest Global Peace Index, the number of riots, general strikes and anti-government demonstrations around the world have increased by a staggering 244 percent in the last decade. Lockdowns and fears of contagion forced a temporary lull. But in virtually every region of the world, demonstrators are making a comeback. Causes range from frustration over governments' handling of the crisis to mounting inequality and corruption—factors that tend to heighten existing tensions and disparities, and have led to social unrest in the aftermath of previous pandemics.
Using the Reported Social Unrest Index (RSUI)—an index developed by IMF staff based on press coverage—we find that the short to medium-term economic costs of social unrest can in fact be quite large, especially in emerging markets and developing economies (we do not study the potential long-term impacts).
A new wave of unrest could affect the recovery
In our working paper, we estimate the macroeconomic impact of social unrest over the period _PHONE_. In addition, we identify social unrest events—events that create an unusually high increase in the RSUI—and classify these into three categories, based on the underlying cause of the trigger: political, socio-economic and mixed.
To give a real-world example, think of the demonstrations that followed former Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto's election in 2012 or Chile's presidential election in 2013—this is a less significant shock equivalent to one standard deviation, which can reduce GDP by about 0.2 percentage points six months after the shock.
On average, GDP remains 1 percentage point below its pre-shock level a year after a major protest. Image: IMF
By comparison, the protests of July 2019 in Hong Kong SAR and the yellow vest protests of 2018 in France—which meet the threshold of social unrest events as defined above—resulted in an increase of 4 standard deviations in the RSUI causing a GDP reduction of about 1 percentage point.
These effects on GDP seem to be driven by sharp contractions in manufacturing and services (sectoral dimension), and consumption (demand dimension). Our findings also suggest that social unrest affects activity by lowering confidence and increasing uncertainty.
Not all countries and events are equal
We also find that the adverse impact of unrest is typically larger in countries with weak institutions and limited policy space. Thus, countries with weak fundamentals pre-pandemic are expected to suffer the most should social discontent turn into unrest.
The economic impact of unrest also differs by the type of event: protests motivated by socio-economic concerns result in sharper GDP contractions compared to those associated mainly with politics/elections. Demonstrations triggered by a combination of both socio-economic and political factors—not unlike what we saw in Tunisia and Thailand earlier this year—have the biggest impact.
Policy matters
Public protests can be an important expression of the need to change policy. Governments need to listen and respond, but also try to anticipate people's needs with policies aimed at giving everyone a fair shot at prosperity. Boosting employment, containing the long-term impact of the crisis and protecting those who have been left behind must remain priorities. To ensure success and avoid strife, recent IMF staff research notes that reforms require a broad social dialogue on the role of the state and how to sustainably finance budget pressures. Otherwise, the economic costs of the pandemic will likely be compounded by those of the ensuing unrest.
Source: World Economic Forum
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News from the Geoblogosphere
New from Snet:
, a new tool to create lithological/sedimentological logs online..
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Exploring current flows through straits
Today's new ELI is 'Exploring current flows through straits; testing the L. F. Marsili model of Bosphorus currents (1680)' This Earthlearningidea models the flow of seawater of different densities through straits, e.g. the Bosphorus. It addresses several concepts within Earth sciences (concentration, density, diffusion) by means of modelling typical of a science investigation, with an example


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The data come from a random national sample of 1,339 ELCA pastors and 901 Episcopal priests and deacons who responded to an extensive mail survey in the summer and fall of 1998. A second wave was sent two months after the first survey; second-wave respondents did not differ in significant ways from first-wave respondents. The authors' personal affiliation with an ELCA-affiliated college (which was disclosed to survey recipients on the survey's cover page) almost certainly accounts for the considerably higher response rate from ELCA pastors. This extensive survey with more than 350 individual questions captures essential information about clergy, their congregations, and aspects of the local community.
The survey asked a broad range of questions about their personal backgrounds and their theological orientations. It asked about the frequency and means by which they present political messages and take political actions within and beyond their congregations. It also asked about their personal political attitudes and actions. The survey also gained information about how their congregations compare with others in the local community and in the denomination. It also gained information about how often and in what ways clergy interact with their community and denominational clergy colleagues. Finally, clergy offered their views on denominational organizations and issues. They told us what political and religious information sources they used on a regular basis.
- Data File
- Cases: 2,240
Weight Variable: None
- Data Collection
- Date Collected: Summer and fall of 1998
- Funded By
- This research was funded by a National Science Foundation grant (SBR-_PHONE_) awarded to Gustavus Adolphus College as well as by a small grant from the American Political Science Association.
- Collection Procedures
- Self-administered survey delivered by mail
- Sampling Procedures
- The population consisted of the complete roster of clergy in the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA) and the Episcopal Church, USA (ECUSA) in 1998. 3000 clergy from each denomination were sampled. From the 6000 self-administered surveys mailed, the co-PIs received 2240 responses, a total response rate of 37.3. The ELCA response rate was 44.6 (1339 returned) while the ECUSA response rate was 30.0 (901 returned).
- Principal Investigators
- Paul A. Djupe, Denison University, and Christopher P. Gilbert, Gustavus Adolphus College, Co-PI's
- Related Publications
- Djupe, Paul A. and Christopher P. Gilbert. 2003. the Prophetic Pulpit: Clergy, Churches, and Communities in American Politics. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
Djupe, Paul A. and Christopher P. Gilbert. 2009. The Political Influence of Churches. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Djupe, Paul A. and Patrick K. Hunt. 2009. "Beyond the Lynn White Thesis: Congregational Effects on Environmental Concern." Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 48(4): 670-686.
Djupe, Paul A. and Christopher P. Gilbert. 2008. "Politics and Church: Byproduct or Central Mission?" Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 47(1): 45-62.
Djupe, Paul A., Anand E. Sokhey, and Christopher P. Gilbert. 2007. "Present but not Accounted for? Gender Differences in Civic Resource Acquisition." American Journal of Political Science 51(4): 906-920.
Djupe, Paul A., Laura R. Olson, and Christopher P. Gilbert. 2006. "Whether to Adopt Statements on Homosexuality in Two Denominations." Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 45(4): 609-621.
Djupe, Paul A. and Christopher P. Gilbert. 2006. "The Resourceful Believer: Generating Civic Skills in Church." The Journal of Politics 68(1): 116-27.
Djupe, Paul A., Laura R. Olson, and Christopher P. Gilbert. 2005. "Sources of Clergy Support for Denominational Lobbying in Washington." Review of Religious Research 47(1): 86-99.
Djupe, Paul A. and Christopher P. Gilbert. 2002. "The Political Voice of Clergy." The Journal of Politics 64(2): 596-609.
- Note 1: ID Coding
- Values on the variable ID represent a unique six-digit ID number assigned to each of the self-administered surveys. ID values starting with "10" identify surveys returned by ELCA pastors in the first wave of the survey, while ID values starting with "20" identify surveys returned by ELCA pastors in the second wave of the survey. ID values starting with "11" identify surveys returned by Episcopal priests and deacons in the first wave of the survey, and ID values starting with "22" identify surveys returned by Episcopal priests and deacons in the second wave of the survey. If the ID number was missing, "1x9999" was entered for a first wave survey and "2x9999" was entered for a second wave survey (where "x" is either a 0 or 1/2 depending on the denomination). Religious affiliation of the respondents can also be identified by referring to the variable RELIG.
- Note 2: Seminary Abbreviations
- Variables SEMNAME1 and SEMNAME2 utilize some abbreviations of seminary names. These are given below:
For the ELCA sample:
GETTY = Gettysburg
LUTHER = Luther Northwestern Sem; Northwestern; Luther; Luther School
LST-CHI = Lutheran School of Theology (Chicago)
LST-COL = Lutheran Theological Southern Seminary (Columbia, SC); or just Columbia
LST-RI = Luthern School of Theology (Rock Island); Augustana; Rock Island
LST-PHI = Lutheran Seminary (Philadelphia); or Philadelphia
PL = Pacific Lutheran; Pacific; PLU; PLTS
TRIN = Trinity or Trinity/ELTS
WART = Wartburg
For the Episcopal sample:
VTS = Virginia Theological Seminary
SEW = University of the South--Sewanee, Tenn.
PDS = Philadelphia Divinity School
CLR = Claremont
GEN = General Theological--New York City
AND = Andover Newton Theological School
PERK = Perkins School of Theology
CDSP = Church Divinity School of the Pacific
SEB = Seabury-Western
- Note 3: Journal Abbreviations
- Variables JOURNL1 through JOURNL10 utilize some abbreviations of names of journals and magazines. These are given below:
AD = Anglican Digest
AFA = AFA (American Family Association Journal)
ATR = Anglican Theological Review
AW = Anglican World
CC = Christian Century
CHNEWS = Church News
CJ = Clergy Journal
CONTEXT = Context
CROSSC = CrossCurrents
CT = Christianity Today
DIAC = Diacono
DIALOG = Dialogue
EL = Episcopal Life
FOCUS = Focus on the Family
FORUM = Lutheran Forum, or Forum Letter, or Forum
FT = First Things
HOM = Homeletics
INT = Interpretation
JBL = Journal of Biblical Letters (note: original codebook indicates that the co-PIs "think" this is correct)
LC = Living Church
LUT = The Lutheran
NETUSER = (used if any internet or e-mail sources were listed)
NEWSP = (used for any diocesan newspaper listed)
NR = Net Results
ODOOR = Open Door
OHANDS = Open Hands
OTHSIDE = Other Side
PART = Partners
SOJ = Sojourners
STR = Sewanee Theological Review
THEOL = Theology Today
TOUCH = Touchstone
WAND = Wanderer
WEAV = Weavings
W&W = Word & Words


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- Who We Are
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Archetypes depict representative patterns, i.e. similarities and differences, in socio-ecological interactions. With this generalisation, archetype analysis supports the scaling and transfer of knowledge from one place to another in a systematic way. The underlying assumption is that similarities in social-ecological conditions link to similarities in sustainability interventions.
Archetype analysis in sustainability research has been used to understand factors and processes that repeatedly determine the (un)sustainability of social-ecological systems. This includes development drivers and outcomes related to livelihood vulnerability, land use, economic development, food security, and climate adaptation, among others. Archetypes are useful to understand functional similarities and differences in a broader perspective and inform decisions that need to be made across diverse spatial scales, linking local realities with global change processes.
This working group will advance two pillars of GLP's Science Plan 2016-2021. First, this working group will provide a platform to advance methodologies for analyzing and synthesizing recurrent patterns from contextualized case studies by using the archetype approach. Second, it will advance analysis on land governance including by building bridges to the research community of institutional analysis of the commons.
The specific objectives of this Working Group are:
to consolidate the archetype approach by taking stock of applications, methods, roots, opportunities and current limitations;
to push current methodological frontiers by encouraging methodological debate and cutting-edge applications;
to advance understanding of key sustainability challenges and opportunities by presenting new applications of archetype analysis;
to provide a platform to bridge land system science and institutional analysis/commons research communities to advance case study synthesis methods and analysis of land governance, and
to provide a platform for a next generation of archetype analysis.
Archetype analysis is a powerful approach to reveal recurrent patterns of factors and processes that shape the sustainability of social-ecological systems. Knowledge of archetypical patterns across cases has supported a better understanding of key sustainability challenges related to land use, climate change adaptation, vulnerability, large-scale land acquisition, ecological footprints, and regional development, among others. The approach featured prominently in UNEP's (2007) Global Environmental Outlook 4, and it has been applied to a growing range of topics in the past years. Archetypical patterns can be analyzed using diverse qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods (e.g. qualitative comparative analysis, cluster analysis, meta-analysis of case studies, scenario development). The choice of methods depends on the purpose and context of the research. However, best practices of archetype analysis and promising combinations of multiple methods are currently a prime frontier of innovation.
This workshop by the GLP Archetypes Working Group follow up on three successful workshops on archetypes held in Bern (2017), Berlin (2018) and Olomouc (2019). This time, the workshop will be held by the Stockholm Resilience Centre in Stockholm, Sweden, with the option of joining remotely. The workshop invites new as well as established members of the Archetypes of Sustainability network.


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How many signs of spring have you spotted? Record your sightings on our survey
Completely bare except for shrivelled leaves
- Use mature trees (30 years old or more), as young trees show different responses.
Even trees of the same species, close to each other can behave very differently.
Record the trendsetters
- If you are finding it difficult to decide when to record, wait until the event is occurring in three trees of the same species in close proximity to each other. Record the trendsetters rather than the extraordinary.
- Leaves may fall off before you have recorded any significant colour change. This may be the species or the weather conditions. Don't worry! Just record when the tree is bare.


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of 26 municipalities and regional governments in the Lower Mainland treaty negotiations).
New Relationship Trust Fund – In March 2006, the BC government enacted the New Relationship Trust Act as part of an overall initiative to start a new relationship between government and First Nations. The Trust holds a fund that is designed to provide First Nations with tools, training, and skills so they can participate in land and resource management as well as land use planning processes, and also to develop social, economic, and cultural programs for their communities. The independent Board of Directors is appointed by the First Nations Summit, Union of BC Indian Chiefs, the BC Assembly of First Nations, the First Nations Leadership Council, and the BC Government.
Union of BC Municipalities – On line Policy Documents and Initiatives for local governments and First Nations relating to Treaty, Governance, Memoranda and Protocols, and Building Relations.
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Super Amigos
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Florence Nightingale
Florence Nightingale.jpg
Real name: Florence Nightingale
Species: Human
Homeworld: Earth
Universe: Earth-1A
Sex: Female
Height: 5'7
Occupation: Nurse
Base: London, England
Florence Nightingale (_PHONE_) was a British nurse during the Victorian era.
She was considered the founder of modern nursing.
On at least one occasion, Matt Cable called his wife Abby Florence Nightingale because of her tendency to constantly visit a school for autistic children.[1]
Powers and Abilities
Super Powers
Super Friends books
 1. As seen in the comic story:...A Time of Running... (1984).
 2. This comic was reprinted in the Portuguese language in Super Friends # 23 (1987).
External Link
 - This article is about a fictional version of a real person.


text: In Imperial Germany and the Austro-Hungarian Empire around 1900, negative comments on the "Americanization," i.e. the commercialization of musical life were as frequent as remarks about specifically "American" ways of playing the piano. Indeed, anti-American bias was widespread when it came to debating issues that challenged the newly globalized music world, among them the question of how inwardness relates to virtuosity, how marketing strategies compete with the idea of music as an autonomous art, and how different cultural backgrounds need to be negotiated when it comes to experiencing music. I seek to understand what kinds of stereotypes American pianists met with, whether in masterclasses or on stage, and what impact internationally renowned teachers like Hungarian born Franz Liszt and Vienna based Theodor Leschetizky had on transatlantic relations in music. Documents testifying to the work of Leschetizky who taught hundreds of American piano students are the main focus of this portion of a larger research project on the question of transatlantic relations and anti-Americanism in musical life around 1900.


text: The Banded Stilt is a plump-bodied wader, with long orange or pink legs. Adult males and females are similar. The head and body is white with a broad chestnut band across the breast, extending down to the belly. This band fades or even disappears when the birds are not breeding. The wings are black with a conspicuous white trailing edge in flight. The eyes are brown and the black bill slender and straight. Immature stilts do not have black or chestnut on the underparts, the wings are brown and the legs are dull pink. Banded Stilts commonly gather in small parties or large flocks.This species may also be called the Bishop or Rottnest Stilt.


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Document Details :
Title: Theseus at the Gates of the Labyrinth
Subtitle: Interpreting a Pompeian Painting
Author(s): LING, Roger
Volume: 84 Date: 2009
A painting of Theseus and Ariadne in the House of M. Lucretius Fronto at Pompeii shows the moment when the princess hands the hero the ball of wool that will enable him to find his way out of the Labyrinth; but the action of Theseus, who holds his arm over his head with a fillet dangling from the hand, presents a problem of interpretation. A recent theory has proposed that he is crowning himself after his victory over the Minotaur and, therefore, that the painting combines two moments in time: the preparations for the expedition into the Labyrinth and the celebrations after its successful outcome. The present paper suggests, by analogy with other Pompeian paintings of the same subject, that Theseus is actually removing his sword prior to entering the Labyrinth naked and unarmed. This is an iconographic variant found only at Pompeii and only for a brief period shortly before the middle of the 1st century AD.


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Imitate is defined as to copy or use something as a model.(verb)
An example of imitate is for a child to copy his older sibling's every move.
See imitate in Webster's New World College Dictionary
Origin: < L imitatus, pp. of imitari, to imitate, akin to aemulus: see emulate
See imitate in American Heritage Dictionary 4
transitive verb im·i·tat·ed, im·i·tat·ing, im·i·tates
Origin: Latin imitārī, imitāt-; see aimin Indo-European roots.
Learn more about imitate


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A chocolate is such a thing that everyone loves to eat whether young or old. Many of us eat ferrero rocher chocolates as they are very yummy and filled with the crunchiness of hazelnuts. But it is a good idea to know how many calories are present in it before one puts this wonderful piece of tasty food into ones mouth.
The total calories present in 3 pieces of ferrero rocher chocolates of serving size of 41 grams is about 220 calories. A closer look at the segregation of the calories that it is filled with can be obtained as follows:-
- The three pieces of ferrero rocher chocolates have about 144 grams of fat.
- The total fat content is about 16 grams which is 25% of the daily assigned value of calories that an average person consumes on a daily basis.
- These chocolates even have saturated fat and cholesterol of about 5.0 grams and 3.0 mg respectively which accounts for 25% and 1% in the total calories assigned per day.
- Besides these the ferrero rocher chocolates also have sodium of 20 mg, carbohydrates of 16.0 grams and dietary fiber of 1.0 grams accounting for 1%, 5% and 4% respectively in the calories.
- One can also get protein of about 3.0 grams and sugars of about 15.0 grams from these chocolates. Apart from these one can also get additives of calcium and iron wherein both are present to the extent of 4% in these chocolates.
The best part of consumption of these hazelnut chocolates is that it has least content of cholesterol and is also low in sodium content which is a blessing for people suffering from heart and blood pressure problems. But there are also certain minus points in it for people suffering from diabetes as it has high content of saturated fat and sugar present in it.