text:
When Someone Dies
A Practical Guide to Holistic Care at the End of LifeBy
- Hannah Cooke, BSc(Hons), MSc(Econ), MSc(Nursing Studies), RGN, DN, RNT, Lecturer in Nursing, University of Manchester School of Nursing Studies, Manchester, UK
Caring for patients who have been diagnosed with terminal illness provides a challenge to all healthcare professionals, as confronting the possibility of death and discussing it openly and supportively with the patient and their family is not easy. To ensure death with dignity, patients need holistic care: practical, social, emotional as well as spiritual needs must be met. This new book by Hannah Cooke links all these areas to provide practical support and advice on areas such as choices of treatment (including the use of complementary therapies), pain control, counselling and religious beliefs. There is also a section on the care of the bereaved with a list of helpful organisations that can be contacted.
'When Someone Dies' will help nurses and other healthcare professionals implement a partnership of care that will ensure that their patients live until they die.
Paperback, 192 Pages
Published: June 2000
Imprint: Butterworth Heinemann
- Part One: Caring for the Dying Patients and their Families: Communicating with dying patients and their families; Choices for dying people; Patient comfort and control of symptoms; Wills and end of life decisions; Part Two: Care of the patient after death; Organ donation and donation of bodies; Part Three: Care of the Bereaved: Supporting the bereaved; Practical matters following a death; Part Four: Caring of the Religious Needs of the Dying: Meeting religious needs in the hospital setting; Religious traditions and healthcare; Index


text:
The Law Commission recommends reform of the Right to Manage
Helena Bannister explores the Law Commission's Right to Manage report.
On 21 July 2020 the Law Commission published three reports on commonhold; leasehold enfranchisement/freehold acquisition and the Right to Manage (RTM). The Law Commission makes hundreds of recommendations on these areas of proposed leasehold reform. This article will focus on the RTM report.
Right to Manage
The Commonhold and Leasehold Reform Act 2002 gave leaseholders the ability to take over the freeholder's management functions without having to purchase the freehold. Current qualifying criteria have been deemed overly restrictive - it is not possible to exercise RTM on multiple buildings or buildings with more than 25% non-residential space. The Law Commission's recommendations include:
- The scope of buildings eligible extended, with the non-residential eligibility threshold raised to 50%.
- An extension of the right to leasehold house owners and give multi-building schemes a route to RTM.
- Removing the requirement that leaseholders pay the landlord's costs of an RTM claim, including in any tribunal proceedings. Giving leaseholders significantly more control and certainty over the costs they will incur will bring the RTM within reach of more leaseholders.
- Reducing the number of notices that leaseholders must serve in order to claim the RTM, and giving the tribunal the power to waive procedural mistakes in claim notices.
- Clearer rules for the management of property which is not exclusive to the premises claiming the RTM, such as shared gardens and carparks.
Alongside the Law Commission's recommendations on commonhold and enfranchisement, the Government will now need to decide whether these proposals to make the RTM procedure more accessible and workable should become law. If so, it could see an increase in tenants seeking to obtain control of management of existing leasehold developments, particularly with the proposed change in the non-residential threshold which would make many more buildings eligible. These reforms have been long in the making, and it remains to be seen whether the Government now pushes for these reforms to be implemented sooner rather than later.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The current immunisation policy in Finland expects no mandatory vaccine. The current vaccine schedule is:
- Rotavirus (infants, 2 months)
- Pneumococcus, Rotavirus, DTaP-IPV-Hib (infants, 3 and 5 months)
- Pneumococcus, Rotavirus, DTaP-IPV-Hib, MMR (infants, 12 months)
- MMR (infants, 18 months)
- booster doses for children at 4 and 6 years
- HPV (children, 11-12 years)
Parents receive a lot of pressure to accomplish such schedule. At child care centers they are sometimes called irresponsible when they choose not to vaccinate, the common reasons being herd immunity and the risk of contracting a disease. In other cases parents experience respect for their choice.


text:
How to Solve Nonograms
Objective: To arrange filled squares and empty squares to satisfy the count at the top and left. For example, if the counts at the top of a column are 1 1 1, and there are only five squares then that row must be: Filled, Empty, Filled, Empty, Filled.
Play: Left click on any square to alternate between a filled square and an unknown square. Right click on any square to alternate between an empty square and an unknown square
Copyright © 2007-2013 James Gilbert. All rights reserved.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
In recent years, nontraditional investors have become a major player in the startup ecosystem. Under the regulatory regime of U.S. securities law, those in the public realm are heavily regulated, while those in the private realm are largely left alone. This public-private divide, which is a fundamental organizing principle of securities law, has eroded with the rise of nontraditional investors. While legal scholars have addressed the impact of some of these nontraditional investors individually, their collective impact on deal terms, deal timelines, due diligence, and board configuration has not been discussed in a holistic manner; neither has their impact on the investor landscape and securities law. This Article provides the first descriptive account of nontraditional investors throughout startups' lifecycles and the normative implications of their participation in the venture capital ecosystem. Ultimately, nontraditional investors helped to facilitate the rise of unicorns which contributed to the "breakdown" of the public-private divide, with the attendant problems related to investor protection, corporate governance, valuation bubbles, and the like. Once thought of as outliers, nontraditional investors have influenced the venture capital market and the ways in which deals were conducted in significant ways. They drove capital investment trends and created an increasingly competitive deal environment in venture capital. Outsized funds became the norm, and the size and valuation of venture capital deals at each stage of a startup grew ever larger. In some cases, it led to less investor oversight and due diligence. Although one of the hallmarks of venture capital investors is their hands-on approach, that is not the case for all of the nontraditional investors. Board dynamics and economics and control – the two underlying principles of venture capital deals – shifted in favor of the founders as nontraditional investors proliferated and the economy remained strong. However, the recent economic downturn has led to a recalibration of nontraditional investors' influence. In this environment, founders are no longer able to dictate the terms of venture capital financings, the investment pace has slowed, and while some nontraditional investors may retreat and reassess, their influence in the venture capital ecosystem will continue to reverberate in the years to come.
© 2022 Brigham Young University Law Review
Jennifer S. Fan,
48 BYU L. Rev.
Available at: _URL_


When training for a specific movement in calisthenics, such as planche or front lever, should I be training for both movements at the same time or should I focus on one single movement?
They're both different movements that use a conjunction or muscles for each. Your body will learn to adapt to both just as quick as if you were to do one at a time. Its all about strength, control and balance. All can be improved by doing both exercises.
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An automatic accompaniment generator for infinite melodies, applied to a simple mapping of the decimal digits of π to an A–harmonic-minor scale.
module PiMelody where
import Data.List
data MelodyNote = Gs | A | B | C' | D' | E' | F' | Gs' | A' | B'
deriving (Eq, Show, Enum)
type Melody = [MelodyNote] -- Assume simple all-quavers rythm.
piMelody :: Melody
piMelody = map toEnum piDigits
data Chord = Am | Dm | C | G7 | E
deriving (Eq, Show, Enum)
type Composition = [(Melody, Chord)]
-- (Infinite) list of pairs: a melody chunk, and what chord to go with it.
chordMNotes :: Chord -> [MelodyNote] -- Without suspensions.
chordMNotes Am = [A, C', E', A']
chordMNotes Dm = [A, D', F', A']
chordMNotes E = [Gs, B, D', E', Gs', B', F'] -- Minor dominant may also be diminished-7th.
chordMNotes C = [C', E']
chordMNotes G7 = [B, D', F', B']
resolves :: Chord -> [Chord]
resolves E = [Am, E] -- Dominants should resolve to their tonic, if at all.
resolves G7 = [C, G7, Am, E] -- For major dominant, allow also resolving to minor parallels.
resolves _ = [Am.. E] -- Non-dominant chord can resolve to anything.
accompany :: Melody -> Composition -- Choose suitable chords for a melody.
accompany melody = acc Am melody
where acc :: Chord -> Melody -> Composition
acc lastChord (n1:n2:ml) -- Try to find a chord that fits over two melody notes
| (Just nextChord) -- and works with the previous (possibly dominant) chord.
<- find (\ch -> all('elem' chordMNotes ch) [n1,n2]) $ resolves lastChord
= ([n1,n2], nextChord) : acc nextChord ml
-- If two melody notes don't fit in one chord, use two.
| (Just c1) <- find ((n1'elem'). chordMNotes) $ resolves lastChord
, (Just c2) <- find ((n2'elem'). chordMNotes) $ resolves c1
= ([n1], c1) : ([n2], c2) : acc c2 ml
piDigits :: [Int] -- Infinite list of decimal digits of π. Algorithm taken from:
-- Jeremy Gibbons, "Unbounded Spigot Algorithms for the Digits of Pi";
-- The Mathematical Association of America 2005.
piDigits = map fromInteger $ g(1,0,1,1,3,3)
where g(q,r,t,k,n,l) = if 4*q+r-t


text:
Shrimp, Spot – Alaska
Spot Shrimp are found in the North Pacific Ocean, from Japan to southern California. All Spot Shrimp begin life as males and transition to females during their second or third summer, and then remain females for the remainder of their life.
The primary fishery for Spot Shrimp in Alaska is the Southeast Alaska pot trap fishery, with pots fished as "single pots" or several attached to a longline. This fishing method can cause moderate levels of damage to the seafloor, but results in small amounts of bycatch, typically other Shrimp species.
Spot Shrimp have a medium abundance overall in Alaska, with some populations at relatively low numbers while abundance is high in other places.


text:
If sugar quotas were eliminated, and American consumers and business had been able to purchase 100% their sugar in 2009 at the world price in 2009 (average of 22.1 cents per pound) instead of the average U.S. price of 38.1 cents, they would have saved almost $2.5 billion. In other words, forcing Americans to pay 38.1 cents for inefficiently produced beet sugar instead of 22.1 cents for efficiently produced cane sugar, costs Americans an additional 16 cents per pound for the 15.4 billion pounds of American sugar produced annually, which translates to almost $2.5 billion. (Note: This is an estimate based on the assumptions that: a) the amount of sugar consumed in the U.S. and b) world prices, wouldn't change.)
Bottom Line: The cost of most trade protection is largely invisible and hard to calculate, but the cost of sugar protection is directly visible and measurable, since the USDA and the futures markets regularly report prices for both high-cost domestic sugar and low-cost world sugar. Like all protection, sugar tariffs exist to protect an inefficient domestic industry (sugar beet farmers) from more efficient foreign producers (cane sugar farmers), and come at the expense of the U.S. consumers and the American companies using sugar as an input, and make our country worse off, on net.


text:
Cultural humility and radical hospitality are core principles that inform both the ministry and service of spiritual direction and the recovery journey. As spiritual directors, we walk alongside those who may be wrestling with the challenges of addiction. How can we best serve with an open heart as vessels of transformation and healing?
In this webinar, we will explore specific practices, tools, and resources for spiritual directors companioning people with addiction and their loved ones, such as prayer, meditation, ritual, and embodied practice. Spiritual direction with people in recovery also includes commitment to social justice issues that directly affect addiction and codependency. Come and explore resources from a variety of faiths and cultural traditions utilizing specific case examples.
Presenter: Karen Lee Erlichman, DMin, LCSW
SDI Webinar: The Recovery Journey: Resources and Practices for Spiritual Directors includes:
- Access to online recording of webinar
- PDF participant workbook


Ted Pedersen > WordNet-Similarity > WordNet::Similarity::GlossFinder
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Module Version: 2.04 Source
WordNet::Similarity::GlossFinder - module to implement gloss finding methods for WordNet::Similarity measures of semantic relatedness (specifically, lesk and vector)
 use WordNet::QueryData;
 my $wn = WordNet::QueryData->new;
 defined $wn or die "Construction of WordNet::QueryData failed";
 use WordNet::Similarity::GlossFinder;
 my $obj = WordNet::Similarity::GlossFinder->new ($wn);
 my ($err, $errString) = $obj->getError ();
 $err and die $errString;
 my $wps1 = 'england#n#1';
 my $wps2 = 'winston_churchill#n#1';
 # get the glosses of these two synsets, since we are not using a
 # configuation file to specify relations, we will only get the
 # immediate glosses of the two wps entries. The default weight and
 # relation appear in $weight and $relation - these can be modified
 # via a configuration file.
 my ($wps1gloss, $wps2gloss, $weight, $relation ) = $obj -> getSuperGlosses ($wps1, $wps2);
 print "$wps1gloss->[0]\n";
 print "$wps2gloss->[0]\n";
 print "$weight->[0]\n";
 print "$relation->[0]\n";
This class is derived from (i.e., is a sub-class of) WordNet::Similarity. Two of the measures of similarity, provided in this package, viz. WordNet::Similarity::lesk and WordNet::Similarity::vector deal with WordNet glosses. This module provides methods for easy access to the required glosses.
This module inherits all the methods of WordNet::Similarity. Additionally, the following methods are also defined.
Public methods
Specifies the parts of speech that measures derived from this module support (namely, nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs).
parameters: none
returns: true
Overrides method of same name in WordNet::Similarity. Prints module-specific configuration options to the trace string (if tracing is on). GlossFinder supports module specific options: relation, stop and stem.
Parameters: none
Returns: nothing
Overrides the configure method in WordNet::Similarity. This method loads various data files, such as the stop words and relations.
Parameters: $file -- path of the configuration file.
Returns: nothing
$self->getSuperGlosses($wps1, $wps2)
This method returns a list of large blocks of concatenated glosses (super-gloss) for each specified synset. A super-gloss is the block of text formed by concatenating the glosses of a synset with glosses of synsets related to it in WordNet. "Related" synsets are identified by specific relations specified in the "relations" file. If no relations file was specified in the configuration, only the gloss of that synset is returned.
Parameters: wps1 and wps2 -- two synsets.
Returns: List of superglosses for both synsets (2-D array).
Private Methods
This method loads relations from a relation file.
Parameters: none
Returns: nothing
Many of the methods in this module can work with either offsets or wps strings internally. There are several interesting consequences of each mode.
 1. An offset is not a unique identifier for a synset, but neither is a wps string. An offset only indicates a byte offset in one of the WordNet data files (data.noun, data.verb, etc. on Unix-like systems). An offset along with a part of speech, however, does uniquely identify a synset.
 A word#pos#sense string, on the other hand, is the opposite extreme. A word#pos#sense string is an identifier for a unique word sense. A synset can have several word senses in it (i.e., a synset is a set of word senses that are synonymous). The synset {beer_mug#n#1, stein#n#1} has two word senses. The wps strings 'beer_mug#n#1' and'stein#n#1' can both be used to refer to the synset. For simplicity, we usually just use the first wps string when referring to the synset. N.B., the wps representation was developed by WordNet::QueryData.
 2. Early versions of WordNet::Similarity::* used offsets internally for finding paths, hypernym trees, subsumers, etc. The module WordNet::QueryData that is used by Similarity, however, accepts only wps strings as input to its querySense method, which is used to find hypernyms. We have found that it is more efficient (faster) to use wps strings internally.
 Ted Pedersen, University of Minnesota Duluth
 tpederse at d.umn.edu
 Siddharth Patwardhan, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
 sidd at cs.utah.edu
WordNet::Similarity(3) WordNet::Similarity::vector(3) WordNet::Similarity::lesk(3)
Copyright (c) 2005, Ted Pedersen and Siddharth Patwardhan
 The Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
 Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
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text: Edward Wright (1912–88) was an artist and designer. Born in Liverpool, where his father was Ecuadorian vice-consul (his mother was Chilean), he trained and worked briefly as an architect before concentrating on painting, drawing, print-making, and also 'commercial art' (as it was then still called). From 1942 through to his retirement he lived in London, with periods of work in book publishing and advertising, and teaching graphic design (very broadly conceived) – most notably at the Central School (his evening classes in typography, 1952–6, became legendary) and at Chelsea School of Art. Wright was among those who fostered the modern spirit in Britain, working alongside architects, and refusing any simple split between art and design. He was always much concerned with text and language. Among his exceptional work is the lettering that he made for modern buildings, often managing both a specific design and an alphabet that could be applied more generally. A short book of writings by and about him is available. Among other documentation of his work, see: here, an article in Baseline no. 52, and an appreciation in Unjustified texts.


Systems of Differential EquationsTwo models of interacting species
 1. 1. Given Information/Objectives
 The following system for "stable competition":
 Find the equilibrium points for the system.
 Using the Jacobian matrix, linearize the system about the equilibrium that has both species present.
 Classify this equilibrium.
 Plot direction field and orbits.
 2. The attempt at a solution
 After finding equilibrium points (2/3,2/3), and the Jacobian (provided that the equilibrium points I found were correct) for the previously mentioned points (J[2/3,2/3]=28/9). I don't know where to go from here; how do I know what kind of equilibrium it is??
 2. jcsd
 3. A few points:
 1) There are 3 equilibrium (aka fixed) points; you have found one of them.
 2) The Jacobian is a 2x2 matrix, with entries functions of x and y; evaluating it at a point is still a 2x2 matrix.
 3) The Jacobian evaluated at a point allows you to classify the equilibrium point in the linearised system. For example, if it has two distinct positive eigenvalues, then the equilibrium point is an unstable proper node. The corresponding eigenvectors, one being dominant, allow you to sketch the direct field near the fixed point. I suggest you consult your notes or text to become aware of the other types.
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text:
If you have emails that were either created outside Workbooks (in Outlook or Google Mail for example) or you've received email in your Inbox that you want to store against the relevant record(s) in Workbooks, you can use the Dropbox functionality.
Put simply, the Dropbox is a special email address (different for each Workbooks user). When emails (up to 16MB each) are received by that address, Workbooks searches the database to find the right record(s) to store the email against. You can store the same email against many different records within Workbooks (up to a maximum of 500 per email). For example, you might want to store one email against not only a Person, but also against a Case that the Person has raised. This can be achieved easily by including Object References in the emails you forward to your Dropbox.


Legal Dictionary
Legal Definition of divorce
 1. The final, legal ending of a marriage, by court order.
Definition of divorce
 From Old French divorce, from Latin dīvortium, from dīvertere ("to turn aside"), from dī- ("apart") + vertere ("to turn"); see verse.
 - IPA: /dɪˈvoʊrs/, /dɪˈvɔrs/
 - Rhymes: -ɔː(r)s
divorce (plural divorces)
 1. The legal dissolution of a marriage.
 Richard obtained a divorce from his wife some years ago, but hasn't returned to the dating scene.
 2. A separation of connected things.
 The Civil War split between Virginia and West Virginia was a divorce based along cultural and economic, as well as geographic, lines.
 - (legal dissolution of a marriage): divorcement
 - (separation of connected things): partition, separation, severance
to divorce (third-person singular simple present divorces, present participle divorcing, simple past and past participle divorced)
 1. (transitive) To legally dissolve a marriage between two people.
 A ship captain can marry couples, but cannot divorce them.
 2. (transitive) To end one's own marriage in this way.
 Lucy divorced Steve when she discovered that he had been unfaithful.
 3. (transitive) To separate something that was connected.
 The radical group voted to divorce itself from the main faction and start an independent movement.
 4. (intransitive) To obtain a legal divorce.
 Edna and Simon divorced last year; he got the house, and she retained the business.
 - (to legally dissolve a marriage): split up
 - (to separate something that was connected): disassociate, disjoint, dissociate, disunite, separate
Further reading
Divorce or dissolution of marriage is the final termination of a marriage, canceling the legal duties and responsibilities of marriage and dissolving the bonds of matrimony between married persons. In most countries, divorce requires the sanction of a judge or other authority in a legal process.
In western countries, a divorce does not declare a marriage null and void, as in an annulment, but divorce cancels the marital status of the parties. Where monogamy is law, this allows each partner to marry another. Where polygyny is legal, divorce allows the woman to marry another.
Divorce laws vary considerably around the world. Divorce is not permitted in some countries, such as in Malta and in the Philippines, though an annulment is permitted.
The legal process for divorce may also involve issues of spousal support, child custody, child support, distribution of property and division of debt, though these matters are usually only ancillary or consequential to the dissolution of the marriage.
1. scienter
2. quorum
3. AORO
4. adjudication order
5. appellant
6. lex patriae
7. Miranda warning
8. lex causae
9. lex domicilii
10. lex situs


Diverse Exercises: BioVlog 83 of 384
I expand my mind-control experiments by creating diverse exercises to force my brain to separate the movement of one hand from the other, so they can work independently of each other.
For example, I would draw an imaginary four pointed square in the air with my left index finger while simultaneously drawing an Isosceles triangle with my right index finger, with both fingers moving at the same time. Another is to point my index fingers at each other and move the left hand in a circle toward my body while the right hand simultaneously makes a circle away from the body, then I reverse the directions of the circles, or simultaneously trace a circle and a square with the other, or trace a five-pointed star and a three pointed triangle.
Next, I apply these brain tricks to what I love most: cards. I learn to shuffle a deck in each hand; do a one-hand shuffle while performing triple cuts with the other; fan half-decks with both hands; and do simultaneous one-hand shifts with both hands. This is the most ridiculous example of close-up juggling of all: Roll five silver dollars across the knuckles of one hand while performing a longitudinal one-handed shuffle with the other.


text:
ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201712.0197.v1
Subject: Mathematics & Computer Science, Information Technology & Data Management Keywords: air pollutant prediction; multi-task learning; regularization; analytical solution
Online: 28 December 2017 (09:09:20 CET)
In this paper, we tackle air quality forecasting by using machine learning approaches to predict the hourly concentration of air pollutants (e.g., Ozone, PM2.5 and Sulfur Dioxide). Machine learning, as one of the most popular techniques, is able to efficiently train a model on big data by using large-scale optimization algorithms. Although there exists some works applying machine learning to air quality prediction, most of the prior studies are restricted to small scale data and simply train standard regression models (linear or non-linear) to predict the hourly air pollution concentration. In this work, we propose refined models to predict the hourly air pollution concentration based on meteorological data of previous days by formulating the prediction of 24 hours as a multi-task learning problem. It enables us to select a good model with different regularization techniques. We propose a useful regularization by enforcing the prediction models of consecutive hours to be close to each other, and compare with several typical regularizations for multi-task learning including standard Frobenius norm regularization, nuclear norm regularization, ℓ2,1 norm regularization. Our experiments show the proposed formulations and regularization achieve better performance than existing standard regression models and existing regularizations.
ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0461.v1
Subject: Mathematics & Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence & Robotics Keywords: multi-task; Gaussian processes; cross convolution; spectral mixture; dependency
Online: 22 October 2018 (04:19:00 CEST)
Multi-task Gaussian processes (MTGPs) are a powerful approach for modeling structured dependencies among multiple tasks. Researchers on MTGPs have contributed to enhance this approach in various ways. Current MTGP methods, however, cannot model nonlinear task correlations in a general way. In this paper we address this problem. We focus on spectral mixture (SM) based kernels and propose an enhancement of this type of kernels, called multi-task generalized convolution spectral mixture (MT-GCSM) kernel. The MT-GCSM kernel can model nonlinear task correlations and mixtures dependency, including time and phase delay, not only between different tasks but also within a task at the spectral mixture level. Each task in MT-GCSM has its own generalized convolution spectral mixture kernel (GCSM) with a different number of convolution structures and all spectral mixtures from different tasks are dependent. Furthermore, the proposed kernel uses inner and outer full cross convolution between base spectral mixtures, so that the base spectral mixtures in the tasks are not necessarily aligned. Extensive experiments on synthetic and real-life datasets illustrate the difference between MT-GCSM and other kernels as well as the practical effectiveness of MT-GCSM.
ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0457.v1
Subject: Mathematics & Computer Science, General & Theoretical Computer Science Keywords: graph neural networks; machine learning; transfer learning; multi-task learning
Online: 31 January 2022 (12:49:31 CET)
Graph neural networks (GNNs) build on the success of deep learning models by extending them for use in graph spaces. Transfer learning has proven extremely successful for traditional deep learning problems: resulting in faster training and improved performance. Despite the increasing interest in GNNs and their use cases, there is little research on their transferability. This research demonstrates that transfer learning is effective with GNNs, and describes how source tasks and the choice of GNN impact the ability to learn generalisable knowledge. We perform experiments using real-world and synthetic data within the contexts of node classification and graph classification. To this end, we also provide a general methodology for transfer learning experimentation and present a novel algorithm for generating synthetic graph classification tasks. We compare the performance of GCN, GraphSAGE and GIN across both the synthetic and real-world datasets. Our results demonstrate empirically that GNNs with inductive operations yield statistically significantly improved transfer. Further we show that similarity in community structure between source and target tasks support statistically significant improvements in transfer over and above the use of only the node attributes.
ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0036.v1
Subject: Earth Sciences, Geoinformatics Keywords: multi-task learning; feature fusion; sparse representation; low-rank representation; scene classification
Online: 7 November 2016 (05:25:11 CET)
Scene classification plays an important role in the intelligent processing of high-resolution satellite (HRS) remotely sensed image. In HRS image classification, multiple features, e.g. shape, color, and texture features, are employed to represent scenes from different perspectives. Accordingly, effective integration of multiple features always results in better performance compared to methods based on a single feature in the interpretation of HRS image. In this paper, we introduce a multi-task joint sparse and low-rank representation model to combine the strength of multiple features for HRS image interpretation. Specifically, a multi-task learning formulation is applied to simultaneously consider sparse and low-rank structure across multiple tasks. The proposed model is optimized as a non-smooth convex optimization problem using an accelerated proximal gradient method. Experiments on two public scene classification datasets demonstrate that the proposed method achieves remarkable performance and improves upon the state-of-art methods in respective applications.
ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0307.v1
Subject: Engineering, Other Keywords: constrained optimization; multi-operator; multi-parameter adaptation; ensemble constraint handling techniques; Evolutionary Algorithms
Online: 17 August 2022 (08:35:44 CEST)
Real-world optimization problems are often governed by one or more constraints. Over the last few decades, extensive research has been performed in Constrained Optimization Problems (COPs) fueled by advances in computational intelligence. In particular, Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) are a preferred tool for practitioners for solving these COPs within practicable time limits. We propose an ensemble of multimethod hybrid EA framework with four mutation operators, two crossover operators, multi-search [Differential Evolution (DE) & Gaining Sharing Knowledge (GSK)] optimization algorithm, and ensemble of constraint handling techniques to solve global realworld constrained optimization problem. The proposed framework FEPEA has an ascendancy of multiple adaptation strategies concerning the control parameters, search mechanisms, two sub-populations as well as uses knowledge sharing mechanism between junior and senior phases. The algorithm also combines the power of four popular constraint handling techniques (CHT) and uses a voting mechanism to select any particular CHT. On top of that, this algorithm also uses both linear and nonlinear population size reduction in every step of the evolutionary process. We test our method on 57 real-world problems provided as part of the CEC 2020 special session & competition on realworld constrained optimization benchmark suite. Experimental results indicate that FEPEA is able to achieve state-of-theart performance on real-world constrained global optimization when compared against other well-known real-world constrained optimizers.
Subject: Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: plastics thermoforming; sheet thickness distribution; evolutionary algorithms; multi-objective optimization
Online: 1 June 2021 (09:41:57 CEST)
The practical application of a multi-objective optimization strategy based on evolutionary algorithms was proposed to optimize the plastics thermoforming process. For that purpose, the various steps of the process were considered individually and the optimization strategy was applied to the determination of the final part thickness distribution with the aim of demonstrating the validity of the methodology proposed. The preliminary results obtained considering three different theoretical initial sheet shapes indicates clearly that the methodology proposed is valid, as it provides solutions with physical meaning and with a great potential to be applied in real practice.
ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0331.v3
Subject: Mathematics & Computer Science, Algebra & Number Theory Keywords: optimization; multi-objective optimization; decision making; Time
Online: 3 February 2022 (17:30:32 CET)
Multi-objective optimization (MOO) is an optimization involving minimization or maximization of several objective functions more than the conventional one objective optimization, which is useful in many fields. Many of the current methodologies addresses challenges and solutions that attempt to solve simultaneously several Objectives with multiple constraints subjoined to each. Often MOO are generally subjected to linear inequality, equality and or bounded constraint that prevent all objectives from being optimized at once. This paper reviews some recent articles in area of MOO and presents deep analysis of Random and Uniform Entry-Exit time of objectives. It further break down process into sub-process and then provide some new concepts for solving problems in MOO, which comes due to periodical objectives that do not stay for the entire duration of process lifetime, unlike permanent objectives which are optimized once for the entire process duration. A methodology based on partial optimization that optimizes each objective iteratively and weight convergence method that optimizes sub-group of objectives are given. Furthermore, another method is introduced which involve objective classification, ranking, estimation and prediction where objectives are classified based on their properties, and ranked using a given criteria and in addition estimated for an optimal weight point (pareto optimal point) if it certifies a coveted optimal weight point. Then finally predicted to find how far it deviates from the estimated optimal weight point. A Sample Mathematical Tri-Objectives and Real world Optimization was analyzed using partial method, ranking and classification method, the result showed that an objective can be added or removed without affecting previous or existing optimal solutions. Therefore suitable for handling time governed MOO. Although this paper presents concepts


It's easy to see what's happening in the dining room but it's hard to see what's going on in the kitchen. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1 in every 6 Americans gets sick from food contamination each year. Consumers usually lack the information to knowledgeably choose where to eat based on the risk of food contamination.
Boston restaurants are required by law to be inspected on an annual basis. However, food inspection data is typically available in rare and elusive online datasets. They are not like Yelp or Carfax; they are tedious.
Food Sherpa is a data visualization that seamlessly displays inspection results and grades for all Boston restaurants. These grades are presented in a report card format with an A through F scale. The quantity and severity of a restaurant's five-year inspection history are used to assign the grades. This visualization can be used by any Boston restaurant-goer, to assist in making more informed decisions about where to eat out. Food Sherpa fills an integral gap in the awareness of restaurant consumers.
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The Sidewinder seeker is something like the CCD in a video camera. It has an array of sensors that generate an electrical signal when exposed to the infrared light given off by hot objects. Since it only sees things in terms of "very hot" and "not very hot," the infrared system is much simpler than a visible-light detection system (an ordinary video camera). Additionally, infrared seekers don't need an outside light source, so they work perfectly well night or day.
In the current Sidewinder models, the infrared sensor array is coupled with a conical scanning system. The basic idea of a conical scanning system is to continually move the feed horn -- the assembly of lenses and mirrors that directs light to the sensor -- around in a small circle (to visualize this, imagine holding the eraser end of a pencil steady in one hand while moving the pointed end around in a circle). As a whole, the moving feedhorn scans a large section of the sky. The guidance control system figures out where the target is based on fluctuations in the detected infrared light as the feed horn moves around the circle. If the target is to the left of the missile, for example, the sensor will detect greater infrared light when the feed horn is aimed to the left than when it is aimed to the right.
In the next section, you'll find out more about the guidance control system.


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Remember that Walden's Title IV Code is 025042.
Walden's online Graduate Certificate in Teaching English Language Learners (Grades K–12) provides the practical instructional strategies you need to help students of diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds thrive within the general classroom and other settings.
In this four-course, non-licensure program, you will explore a range of theories, strategies, and second language learning programs including dual language immersion, transitional bilingual education and structured English immersion. You will learn to apply:
By learning to work collaboratively with families and colleagues, you will develop the skills essential to supporting and advocating for English Language Learners of diverse backgrounds.
Credits earned in this program may be applied toward Walden's M.S. Ed with a specialization in Teaching English Language Learners (Grades K–12).
Find detailed information for this program, including possible occupations, completion rate, program costs, and median student loan debt.
Apply Now | Live Chat | Call Us
© 2014 Walden University


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iBird to support monitoring of ecological health in Palau
In Palau, technology in the form of iPods and the iBird application, is helping in the response to the threats of climate change to this Micronesian nation. And it is the local BirdLife partner, Palau Conservation Society (PCS), in association with BirdLife and the Aage V. Jensen Foundation, that is providing these innovative tools.
The role of birds as messengers of the ecological health of the planet is an important part of the BirdLife campaign on climate change. Birds provide key insights into how climate change threatens communities, species and habitats. Nowhere is the threat of climate change better appreciated than in Micronesia in the western Pacific where many of their communities are threatened by rises in the sea level. In Palau, the State Conservation Coordinators are developing a programme to monitor forest health using birds as the indicators.
Last year in November, 11 out of 16 states participated in a week long training on monitoring forest health. During that training, the participants were trained on the different methods in monitoring forest health, including using birds as indicators of forest health. Twelve months on and PCS is able to provide a tool to support monitoring using birds as indicators of ecosystem health.
This November, follow up training on monitoring forest health was held at PCS. This training was a one-hour training on the use of iBird as a tool to support monitoring ecosystem health. Because birds are sensitive to changes in the ecosystem, they are great indicators to stresses in the environment. In order to monitor birds, the conservation personnel must first learn their birds. The iBird Hawaii and Palau application has been chosen as the best way to support this proramme. The app is a guide that can help the conservation personnel to learn their birds so that they will be able to monitor them to assess the health of their protected areas and guide the management efforts in those protected areas.
With funding from the Jensen Foundation, PCS was able to purchase iPods and the iBird app for the participants who attended the first monitoring training and the recent follow up to that training. With the iBird app, conservation practitioners not only have a tool to help them identify and learn the birds in their state protected areas, they are also given a tool that may support future bird watching as a potential ecotourism option.


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Alice Maze is a very hard online maze puzzle game.
Game play is easy, you start Alice maze on the red square, and your current position is always shown in red. You must make a series of moves that will take you to the goal. Begin each move by following one of the arrows in the red square, travel in a straight line for a distance equal to d, and then click on the square where your move ends.
When the maze begins, d equals 1. When you land on a square with a red arrow, 1 is added to d. When you land on a square with a yellow arrow, 1 is subtracted from d. Two of these mazes have blank squares, which you may not land on. There are twenty different mazes to solve. Happy Puzzling!
Tags: Maze | Puzzle Game


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George B. Dorr Museum of Natural History
| Click on image titles for larger views. || |
The original Acadia National Park Headquarters, commissioned by George B. Door, the first superintendent of Acadia National Park, in 1914, is a rustic one-and-a-half-story building qualifying for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. The building was scheduled to be razed to make way for the new Bar Harbor YMCA when, in 1996, the College of the Atlantic requested that the building be saved and moved to its campus, where it was to be used as the entryway to the new Natural History Museum.
Now the George Dorr Museum of Natural History, the building houses exhibits prepared by students at the College of the Atlantic. It serves as an educational center for students involved with the College's Educational Studies program, and for students interested in museum preparation/education and alternative education. The Museum connects the institution to the area by hosting various school programs from the local and regional community, and it is frequented by individual visitors as well.


Space Shuttle Debris
DebrisI had my kids watch the space shuttle takeoff today. It was fun for them. Then later the news started to talk about "debris" spotted on shuttle video during the launch.
All day something rubbed me the wrong way, and I'm not sure if I'm right on this or not. But is "debris" the right word for spotting something falling off the shuttle or fuel tank or whatever? I looked it up in and Merriam-Webster and neither gave a definition of "debris" that seemed to fit the context. At best it's a piece of something that's been destroyed, not something that has one piece fall off. Thoughts?


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Use Crayola® crayons, markers, or colored pencils to color the flag of Egypt. Color the top stripe red. Color (or leave) the middle stripe white, and color the bottom stripe black. Color the emblem goldenrod. Did you know?
Egypt is located in northern Africa. July 23 marks the anniversary of the revolution that enabled Egypt to change from a monarchy to a republic in 1952. Egypt is known for its pyramids and sphinxes. The Nile River (the world's longest river) provides much needed water to this desert country.
STATS ON THIS COLORING PAGE


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How do you determine uncertainty?
Uncertainty of a measurement can be determined by repeating a measurement to arrive at an estimate of the standard deviation of the values. Then, any single value has an uncertainty equal to the standard deviation. However, if the values are averaged, then the mean measurement value has a much smaller uncertainty,...
DA: 12 PA: 13 MOZ Rank: 31


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Museums | Sights
SHADOW PUPPET THEATER is a creative story time that incorporates the use of light, paper puppets and shadows. The puppets are designed from the storybook characters and are used while the story is being read to bring new dimension, movement and intrigue to every child's favorite story books. Our young visitors love the way our puppet shadows hold their attention and give life to storytime! We encourage parent and child to recreate a book of their own at home using the same simple shadow puppet techniques. For more information visit The Woodlands Children's Museum online at _URL_ or call _PHONE_.


July 4, 2008
Watermelon Reportedly Has a (Very Mild) Viagra-Like Effect
By Betsy Blaney
The Associated Press
A slice of cool, fresh watermelon is a juicy way to top off a Fourth of July cookout and one that researchers say has effects similar to Viagra's - but don't necessarily expect it to keep the fireworks going all night long.
Watermelons contain an ingredient called citrulline that can trigger production of a compound that helps relax blood vessels, similar to what happens when a man takes Viagra, said scientists in Texas, one of the nation's top producers of seedless watermelons.
Found in the flesh and rind of watermelons, citrulline reacts with the body's enzymes when consumed in large quantities and is changed into arginine, an amino acid that benefits the heart and the circulatory and immune systems.
Todd Wehner, who studies watermelon breeding at North Carolina State University, said anyone taking Viagra shouldn't expect the same result from watermelon.
"It sounds like it would be an effect that would be interesting but not a substitute for any medical treatment," Wehner said.
The nitric oxide can also help with angina, high blood pressure and other cardiovascular problems, said the study, which was paid for by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
More citrulline - about 60 percent - is found in watermelon rind than in the flesh, Patil said, but that can vary. Scientists may be able to find ways to boost the concentrations in the flesh, he said.
"The problem you have when you eat a lot of watermelon is you tend to run to the bathroom more," Perkins-Veazie said. Watermelon is a diuretic and was a homeopathic treatment for kidney patients before dialysis became widespread.
Also, the sugar in that much watermelon would spill into the bloodstream - a jolt that could cause cramping, Perkins-Veazie said.
Patil said he would like to do studies on how to reduce the sugar content.
The relationship between citrulline and arginine might also prove helpful to those who are obese or have type-2 diabetes.
Citrulline is present in other curcubits, such as cucumbers and cantaloupe, at very low levels, and in the milk protein casein. The highest concentration is in walnut seedlings, Perkins-Veazie said.
"But they're bitter."
how it works
Watermelon contains citrulline, which reacts with the body's enzymes and changes to arginine, which helps circulation.
Originally published by BY BETSY BLANEY.


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The Registration of Titles to Land (Amendment) Bill, 2012
4 May 2012
Changes to Land Registration... to come soon...
The Registration of Titles to Land (Amendment) Bill, 2012 was introduced in the Senate on 6 March, 2012 by Senator the Honourable Emmanuel George, Minister of Public Utilities.
The full text of the Bill is available in PDF format on this website, you can download it via this link. You may also place your comments directly on this Bill page, which can be accessed here.
The following is a brief explanation of some aspects of the Bill
PURPOSE OF THE BILL
The Registration of Titles to Land (Amendment) Bill, 2012 will seek to amend the Registration of Titles to Land Act No.16 of 2000.
The Bill is comprised of 21 clauses.
What is Land Registration?
Land registration generally describes systems by which matters concerning ownership, possession or other rights in land can be recorded (usually with a government agency or department) to provide evidence of title, facilitate transactions and to prevent unlawful disposal. The information recorded and the protection provided will vary by jurisdiction.
Land Registration in Trinidad & Tobago
In Trinidad & Tobago there are two systems of land registration:
- Deed Registration
- Title Registration
Both have co-existed since 1889 and are managed by the Land Registry in the Registrar General Office.
Registration of Land Title Documents
This includes Deeds of Conveyance, Mortgages, Powers of Attorney, Agreements, Charges, Debentures, Deed Polls, Probate and Grants and Instruments under the Real Property Ordinance e.g. Transfers, Mortgages, Leases, Caveats, Death of Proprietors.
What does "title to land" mean?
Title refers to the legal ownership of particular part or property. A deed or Certificate of Title is the only means whereby a person can demonstrate ownership, and register his/her ownership.
The title provides an up-to-date official record of the legal ownership of the property or piece of land in question. Information on Title will generally include:
- A description of the property.
- Name of the owner or owners.
- Mortgage lender (if any).
- Rights of way (not public rights of way) or other rights affecting the property.
- Restrictions or other conditions.
Why the need for land title legislation?
- Land title documents serve as evidence of ownership of a piece of property
- Registration also affords property owners some protection against squatters and;
- It makes the transferring or mortgaging of land easier for the persons involved.
- According to a study by the Law Association in 2007 "Implementing the Land Titles Legislative Package":
- 47% of all households do not have adequate title documents
- Approximately 30,000 households have no title Documents
- There is widespread squatting on State and private land
Benefits of Land Registration
- Cheaper, quicker, easier and safer transfer of land
- Improved land tenure security as Government will guarantee title to all registered land.
- Simplification of land transactions
- Elimination of the need to search several deeds and other legal documents in order to establish ownership of title (therefore reducing cost).
- Reduced squatting and land disputes
- Land registration assists Government in:
- Land use planning
- Environmental management & protection
- Equitable taxation
- Tax policy options physical planning
- Development control State land administration and management
What are the key features of this proposed legislation?
Some key features of this Bill include proposals for:
- The creation of a new post of Senior Assistant Registrar (clause 5) who must be an Attorney –At-Law who performs functions of the Registrar General in his/her absence and holds position of Commissioner of Affidavits
- The creation of a condominium folio for every condominium unit
- A more defined procedure for the first registration of any parcel for which a folio is to be prepared and signed by the Registrar showing the particulars of ownership and particulars of encumbrances if any.
- To replace words Certificate of Title with Land Certificate
- To replace section 30 (1) with a new subsection to amend the reasons for rectification by The Registrar:
- in formal matters and in cases of errors or omissions not materially affecting the interests of the proprietor
- in any case at any time with the consent of all persons interested
- where upon resurvey an area shown in in the register is incorrect the Registrar is sanctioned to give notice to all persons appearing by the register who will be interested or affected by his intention to rectify
- upon receipt of any decision of any Court or the Land Tribunal
- To provide for a new subsection 30(3) allowing the Registrar to record any change in the Register any name or address changes of any proprietor on the written application
- To provide for new subsections; 73(2),(3),and (4):
- (2) to allow for persons seeking to deal with registered land with consent in writing from the proprietor who have applied for an official search stating particulars of the proposed dealing in his/her application called an instrument to have a suspension period of 14 days from the time the official search was made.
- (3) to grant the instrument priority over any other instrument presented for registration during the suspension period
- (4) to provide for any instrument or document for registration during the suspension period other than that affecting the proposed dealing to be deal with in the same manner and hold the same priority and be as effectual as if no stay of registration had been obtained.
Important Issues for consideration
- The Bill allows the Real Property Ordinance to be repealed in respect of lands brought under the Act and is not applicable to adjudicated land or interests registered in Land Registry.
- Land Registration is limited by its slow and long process
- Few land owners undertake to transfer lands from the unregistered to registered system
- There is still need for a comprehensive complete computerized database of land information
- Delays in the implementation of technological complements to the land registration system such as digitization of cadastral index and aerial photography to provide accurate topographic maps
- Amendments to land surveying legislation needed


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Let $f(x,y)=0$ and $g(x,y)=0$ be bivariate polynomial equations where the polynomials have the same degree, say, $N\geq 3$. Furthermore, both of them have the same terms but different coefficients. For example, $f(x,y) = a_1x^2y^3 + a_2xy^2 + a_3$ and $g(x,y) = b_1x^2y^3 + b_2xy^2 + b_3$. How may common roots of $f(x,y)=0$ and $g(x,y)=0$ are there? I am not interested in finding the common roots but the number. Can Bézout's Theorem help?
Thanks a lot.
share|improve this question
Bezout's theorem would imply that if $f,g$ had no common factors, then the number of common roots is at most $N^2$. – Mohan May 22 '13 at 17:21
And the resultant $R(f,g)$ would decide if $f$ and $g$ had any common roots at all (in an extension field). Are the polynomials over a field? – Dietrich Burde May 22 '13 at 18:37
Hm, what if you compute the Gröbner basis for such varieties? Do you get anything interesting? (This would be quite nice to experiment with a bit, to get some feeling for the problem). – Per Alexandersson May 22 '13 at 20:03
Since you fix the terms, the Bernstein-Kushnirenko theorem (or Bernstein-Khovanskii-Kushnirenko) would be more precise than Bezout's theorem. – quim May 22 '13 at 20:08
I don't think much mathematical background is needed. The $\Delta_i$ is just the convex hull of the set of exponents of the terms involved in the $p_i$, inside $\mathbb{R}^2$, so in your case they are both equal to the triangle with vertices (2,3), (1,2), (0,0). The coefficients don't matter. Vol denotes "mixed volume" but I think that when all $\Delta_i$ are equal, this is just ordinary volume. Have a look at arXiv:0812.4688. BTW, just as Bezout, this only gives an upper bound on the number of solutions, which is the exact number if the coefficients are "general enough". – quim May 23 '13 at 8:58
1 Answer 1
I reread the previous posts. The answers are very interesting but the question is really hilarious. When we have the same terms in each equation (with different coefficients in a field $K$) then the problem is essentially a linear one. For instance, here, we obtain (generically) a sole solution in $K$ for $x^2y^3,xy^2$. Then a value for $x^2y^4$, then a value for $y$, then a value for $x$.
The moral of the story is that some trivial matters can lead to exciting discussions and take time before downgrading certain issues to stackexchange!
share|improve this answer
The problem is linear only in the sense that finding the roots of the characteristic polynomial of a matrix is linear (that is, not at all). – S. Carnahan Sep 21 '13 at 13:11
Dear Carnahan, I don't understand one word you write. We have a linear system of $2$ equations in the $2$ unknowns $x^uy^v,x^ry^s$. Then we obtain (generically) one solution in $K$ ($x^uy^v=?,x^ry^s=?$). We deduce easily (according to the values of $u,v,r,s$) the solutions in $x,y$, using $p^{th}$ roots. Can you solve a characteristic polynomial with radicals? – loup blanc Sep 21 '13 at 14:02
Moreover, and it is funny, the second part of the calculation is essentially: solving a linear system in $log(x),log(y)$.:) – loup blanc Sep 21 '13 at 14:50
Given the statement of the problem, you always get two linear equations. If there are more terms in the polynomials $f$ and $g$, you will get more unknowns. Your method only seems to work when you have 2 unknowns. – S. Carnahan Sep 21 '13 at 14:52
Your Answer


Is board breaking important in martial arts? Part II
The simulation of being attacked and having to defend oneself is rarely, if ever, achieved in a controlled environment like a karate class. So how does a student know if that front kick will work when landed effectively in a self-defense situation? Board breaking.
Inspiring Discipline
Inspiring discipline is one of the roles of a great martial arts teacher. The quotes that follow will speak to just about every human being, from every walk of life and with varying interests.
Is board breaking important in martial arts? Part I
There is so much controversy and tons of opinions on this subject. How important board breaking is in the martial arts will also depend on what style you practice.
Why stretching is (still) important for weight loss and exercise


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Yair Bartal, Avrim Blum, Carl Burch, and Andrew Tomkins
extended abstract (STOC '97, pp 711-719, © 1997, by ACM, Inc)
journal version (submitted)
We present a randomized on-line algorithm for the Metrical Task System problem that achieves a competitive ratio of O(log^6 n) for arbitrary metric spaces, against an oblivious adversary. This is the first algorithm to achieve a sublinear competitive ratio for all metric spaces. Our algorithm uses a recent result of Bartal [Bartal96] that an arbitrary metric space can be probabilistically approximated by a set of metric spaces called ''k-hierarchically well-separated trees'' (k-HST's). Indeed, the main technical result of this paper is an O(log^2 n)-competitive algorithm for Omega(log^2 n)-HST spaces. This, combined with the result of [Bartal96], yields the general bound.
Note that for the k-server problem on metric spaces of k+c points our result implies a competitive ratio of O(c^6 log^6 k).


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Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics
A generalized approach to the allocation of redundant thrust vector slew commands for multi-actuated launch vehicles is presented, where deflection constraints are expressed as omniaxial or elliptical deflection limits in gimbal axes. More importantly than in the aircraft control allocation problem, linear allocators (pseudoinverses) are preferred for large booster applications to facilitate accurate prediction of the control-structure interaction resulting from thrust vectoring effects. However, strictly linear transformations for the allocation of redundant controls cannot, in general, access all of the attainable moments for which there is a set of control effector positions thatsatisfles the constraints. In this paper, the control allocation efficiency ora certain class of linear allocators subject to multiple quadratic constraints is analyzed, and a novel single-pass control allocation scheme is proposed that augments the pseudolnverse near the boundary of the attainable set. The controls are determined over a substantial volume of lhe attainable set using only a linear transformation; as such, the algorithm maintains compatibility with frequencydomain approaches to the analysis of the vehicle closed-loop elastic stability. Numerical results using a model of a winged reusable booster system illustrate the proposed technique's ability to access a larger Fraction of the attainable set than a pseudoinverse alone.
Orr, Jeb S. and Slegers, Nathan, "High-Efficiency Thrust Vector Control Allocation" (2014). Faculty Publications - Biomedical, Mechanical, and Civil Engineering. 20.


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Where To Go
Featured posts display first in feed blocks and at the top of the feed in classes and groups for the duration that is scheduled as featured. After this time period, the post will return to its chronological order in the feed. You may also hide this post from the feed when outside the featured dates.
To add a schedule a post to appear and disappear from your class Feed, you will log in to your site and click on the class tile. Click Feed.
You can also add a post from within the Manage Public Pages > Feed area.
What To Do
- Click in the text field and enter a Title for your post.
- Enter text body for the post (if applicable).
- Click Attach to add attachments to your post.
- Select the location of your file(s): Class Resources, My Files or My Device.
- From Class Resources or My Files, choose your file(s) from the list and click Add. From My Device, Browse and select your file(s) and click Upload.
- If you add multiple images to the post, you can:
- Use the arrows on the left of each image to reorder them.
- Click the pencil icon to add a caption to an image.
- Click the trash can icon to remove the image.
- Choose where your post can be seen:
- Select Post to private and public feed to have it display in both locations on your site.
- Select Private Feed to have it available privately only.
- Select Public Feed to have it available publicly only.
- Click Advanced Visibility Options.
- Select Feature this post.
- Enter the date and time to start featuring the post.
- If you wish to hide the post after the a specified date, select Hide this post when outside the featured dates.
- Click Create Post.


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Copyright Trolling, An Empirical Study
44 Pages Posted: 6 Mar 2014 Last revised: 25 Aug 2014
Date Written: August 24, 2014
This detailed empirical and doctrinal study of copyright trolling presents new data showing the astonishing rate of growth of multi-defendant John Doe litigation in United States district courts over the past decade. It also presents new evidence of the association between this form of litigation and allegations of infringement concerning pornographic films. Multi-defendant John Doe lawsuits have become the most common form of copyright litigation in several U.S. districts, and in districts such as the Northern District of Illinois, copyright litigation involving pornography accounts for more than half of new cases filed.
This Article highlights a fundamental oversight in the extant literature on copyright trolls. Paralleling discussions in patent law, scholars addressing the troll issue in copyright have applied status-based definitions to determine who is, and is not, a troll. This Article argues that the definition should be conduct-based. Multi-defendant John Doe litigation should be counted as part of copyright trolling whenever these suits are motivated by a desire to turn litigation into an independent revenue stream. Such litigation, when initiated with the aim of turning a profit in the courthouse as opposed to seeking compensation or deterring illegal activity, reflects a kind of systematic opportunism that fits squarely within the concept of litigation trolling. This Article shows that existing status-based definitions of copyright trolls are inapt because they do not account for what is now the most widely practiced from of trolling.
In addition to these empirical and theoretical contributions, this Article explores the features of copyright doctrine that have facilitated the recent explosion in trolling litigation in the form of litigation against John Does. In particular, it shows how statutory damages and permissive joinder make multi-defendant John Doe litigation possible and why allegations of infringement concerning pornographic films are particularly well-suited to this model.
Keywords: Copyright trolls, Patent trolls, Copyright litigation, Empirical legal studies, Statutory damages, Joinder, Pornography
JEL Classification: K00
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation


Is Coffee Bad for Dogs?
Coffee is bad for dogs. It can not only give dogs diarrhea, but it can also make them throw up. Coffee is not something that dogs should have as part of their diet.
1 Additional Answer Answer for: is coffee bad for dogs
It is not safe for dogs to drink coffee, tea or any other caffeine.
Caffeine in large enough quantities can be fatal for a dog. And, there is no antidote. Symptoms of caffeine poisoning include restlessness, rapid breathing, heart palpitations, muscle tremors... More >>
Foods Dogs Should Not Eat:
Q&A Related to "Is Coffee Bad for Dogs?"
Coffee is not necessarily bad for you, only if you drink too much, have an ulcer or other stomach problems, or if you're sensitive to caffeine. Coffee contains antioxidants and can
Yes. Coffee contains caffeine, theobromine, or theophylline, which can be toxic to dogs &
1. Pour 1 pound of low-quality ground coffee into a large pitcher. Add 2 1/2 to 3 1/2 quarts of water, depending on how strong you want your concentrate to be. Stir with a long spoon
Yes, it is bad, Caffine is not good for them at all.
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Yes, coffee is bad for your teeth. It stains them. The stains however can be polished off. Caffeine which is found in coffee may also disrupt saliva production....
Coffee can be bad for teenagers if they drink too much. Coffee contains caffeine which can cause insomnia, headaches, nausea or an upset stomach if taken in large...
Studies have shown that coffee is a mixture of good and bad for health. Some studies show coffee reduces risks of some diseases and others show it decreases blood...


text:
Queen of Hearts
The Queen of Hearts
She made some tarts,
All on a summer's day.
The Knave of Hearts,
He stole the tarts,
And took them clean away.
The King of Hearts,
Called for the tarts,
And beat the Knave full sore.
The Knave of Hearts
Brought back the tarts,
And vowed he'd steal no more.
Source: Wright, The Original Mother Goose (1916)
The Queen of Hearts she made some Tarts Upon a Summer's day,
The Knave of Hearts he saw those Tarts and Stole them all away; and stole them all away;
The King of Hearts heard of those Tarts, and To the Knave did say;
You Knave of Hearts restore the Tarts,
Or else for them you pay; or else for them you pay
Source: Baily, Queen of Hearts (sheet music), (1785)
The first known publication of "Queen of Hearts" was printed in "The European Magazines" in 1782 along with three less popular poems, "The King of Spades," "The King of Clubs," and "The King of Diamonds." These additional rhymes described their respective kings' living situations and their wives. In an English deck of playing cards, the Queen of Hearts has been linked to Elizabeth of York, queen to Henry VII. The headdress worn by the queen of hearts mimics the queen's crown of the early Tudor era. The Queen of Hearts is also a well-known character in Lewis Caroll's "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland."Download the sheet music of this rhyme
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Optimal Detector for Discrete Transmit Signals in Gaussian Interference Channels
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Executive Summary
This paper addresses the design of optimal and near-optimal detectors for a practical interference channel scenario where the transmitters employ discrete modulation schemes. The conventional detectors, which either ignore the interference or successively detect then cancel the interference, typically assume that the desired signal and/or the interference are Gaussian. This paper proposes detectors that explicitly take into account the modulation formats of both the desired signal and the interference. The optimal Maximum-Likelihood (ML) detector that minimizes the probability of detection error for a given set of modulation schemes is derived first.
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What we do
The Moss Troopers are storytellers, historians and performers who can help bring history to life at your venue for your audiences. We can provide a storyteller (or a whole gang of them!) to entertain audiences at your venue, and can also provide a whole host of displays and workshops illustrating the strange, grimy and grisly side of history from the Stone Age to the Victorians.
All of the Moss Troopers are experienced traditional storytellers, weaving tales of enchantment from around the world. The Moss Troopers tell traditional and original tales from around the world.
We provide costumed storytellers for all sorts of different historical periods, along with themed stories. We can also supply a huge number of different historical displays on daily life, crime and punishment, medicine and magic and the supernatural throughout history, bringing these to life with humour and plenty of audience interaction!
We provide a whole range of school workshops covering different periods of history and featuring exciting hands-on activities and storytelling. We can also provide storytelling performances or literacy workshops for schools on how to write and tell your own stories!
We can provide historical and fantasy themed street theatre or wandering storytellers for any number of events like festivals, local fairs, family fun days, weddings and more. Our raucous characters will interact with your audience, bringing laughter and fun to the event and bringing history to life.
"Lectures" sounds so dry! The Moss Troopers are keen historians and folklorists with access to a wealth of research, and a lively delivery style that can make the weirdest subjects into an entertaining ramble through the backstreets of history.
© David Silk & Mica Hind 2018
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%0 Book %E Frickel, Scott, %E Albert, Mathieu, 1959- %E Prainsack, Barbara, %I Rutgers University Press %D 2016 %C New Brunswick, New Jersey %G English %B American campus. %@ 9780813585918 %@ _PHONE_ %@ 9780813585901 %@ _PHONE_ %T Investigating interdisciplinary collaboration : theory and practice across disciplines / edited by Scott Frickel, Mathieu Albert, and Barbara Prainsack ; foreword by Helga Nowotny. %U _URL_ %U _URL_ %X Universities in North America and Europe increasingly provide financial incentives to encourage collaboration between faculty in different disciplines, based on the premise that this yields more innovative and sophisticated research. Drawing from a wealth of empirical data, the contributors to Investigating Interdisciplinary Collaboration put that theory to the test. What they find reveals how interdisciplinarity is not living up to its potential, but also suggests how universities might foster more genuinely collaborative and productive research.


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Recover files from the Recycle Bin
When you delete a file from your computer, it's temporarily stored in the Recycle Bin. This gives you an opportunity to recover accidentally deleted files from the Recycle Bin and restore them to your computer.
On the desktop, double-click Recycle Bin.
Do one of the following:
To restore a file, right-click it, and then click Restore.
To restore all of the files, on the toolbar, click Restore all items.
The files will be restored to their original location on your computer.


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Compliance of stress-induced therapy, controlled by actimeters
- Published on 2013
Introduction: In hemiplegia, constraint-induced movement therapy of the upper extremity has become a classic. The main difficulty of the method lies in its observance.
Objectives: Using actimeters to objectify membership protocol is proposed.
Methods: Two patients with stable paresis after stroke have received constraint-induced therapy for four weeks. Two actimeters (Actisleep ®) were placed one healthy side, the other side injured for 6 weeks, one before and one after restraint stress. A discussion with the patient is given after 3 weeks of recording. The clinical efficacy of treatment was assessed by dynamometry (Pablo ®) MESUPES and Jebsen test.
Results: For the first time, we were able to objectify the observance of the strain (80% observed for the first patient and 40% for the second patient). Quantification of movements by actimeter healthy side versus affected side was correlated with the results of motor and functional changes. Treatment despite very different adhesions was effective for both patients.
Discussion: The continuation of this study should determine the minimum level of compliance of the stress required to maintain the effectiveness of the method, while making it more tolerable as possible. It also opens a real chrono-biological perspective of movement and bi-handedness. Finally, the patient adheres more to the protocol because it knows observed and faces the quantification of stress at mid-test.
Conclusion: This new preliminary approach used here in the constraint-induced therapy of upper limb, presents actimeters as a new simple tool in the management of hemiplegia.


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Top 5 Things Online Retailers Need to Know Before Heading into the Peak Season
As the peak seasons approach, every online retailer worries about the impact of the expected spike in traffic on their e-commerce and fulfillment systems, particularly as the COVID-19 pandemic has already caused a spike in online shopping vs. in-store, and peak holiday shopping season will only exacerbate that.
Here are 5 tips that retailers should consider as they prepare for the upcoming peak season:
1. Manage the load: beware of database locking, contention or system stability issues
Your team must proactively address and resolve resource contention or stability issues ahead of time because these issues will be more prevalent and will have much more disastrous consequences during high transaction volumes. The usual tactic to automatically kill transactions to resolve a hang or to restart the application during a hang will not work at high volumes. In some cases, killing transactions could cause data loss issues.
Yantriks' (now Blue Yonder) Performance Engineering experts have a wealth of experience diagnosing and troubleshooting system stability issues. Yantriks (now Blue Yonder) can conduct tailored performance audits and make recommendations on how to address the core issues.
2. Prepare with realistic performance testing
While it is highly recommended that performance testing be conducted during regular times to see if the system can cope with the volumes and load during the peak, many companies spin up performance tests that do not simulate real workloads during the peak. This ends up providing a picture that is either unduly optimistic or sometimes overly pessimistic. Both have consequences. If optimistic, the tendency is to leave things as is and then be confronted with the issues during peak. If pessimistic, then companies over-invest in hardware and bandwidth.
Yantriks' (now Blue Yonder) performance engineers are not only experts at their craft, but they also know the order management domain and have experience working with numerous retailers and manufacturers helping them prepare and navigate through these peaks. Thus, they can set up the right representative data for the tests and provide a very effective and reliable outcome.
3. Proactively address potential degradation due to integrations with external systems
An Order Management System (OMS) is required to orchestrate calls to other systems and services, such as a fraud check. Often, a failure or slowness in an external system can cascade back into your fulfillment systems. Unless your system is designed to be monitored and to react to these situations, you incur the risk of running into catastrophic issues.
If such degradation occurs, then you need a circuit breaker to address this brownout or blackout and allow the OMS to resume normal functions. In the days leading up to the peak, the product team needs to assess each integration point and then determine a means to address potential issues with each.
We facilitate this by deploying a tool to capture meaningful data, track response time and mitigate degradation.
4. Put in place proactive monitoring capabilities to address issues before they occur
During a performance test, the performance management team should use the same tools available in production. It is also imperative that the team can monitor the functioning of the OMS without requiring an army of PhDs.
Blue Yonder helps by applying its domain expertise and technical excellence to put in place excellent monitoring tools to observe the health of the system. In addition, Yantriks (now Blue Yonder) provides tested and proven procedures that can handle any issues that may arise.
5. Implement comprehensive testing that includes Chaos Monkey Testing
Too often, performance tests focus on the Happy Path.
Run a test and get results. Tweak the performance test a bit and rerun them until you get results that are acceptable to meet a pass/fail gate. Are you just running tests to satisfy engineering's desire to release the application, even if not sufficiently tested?
Our performance test method and approach go beyond load testing, including injecting in failures into application or system components to see if applications can react and recover gracefully.
BONUS — Functional testing under Load Tests
It is not enough that the system is fast, you also have to ensure the system is correct under load.
Unfortunately, most customers do not check the quality of the system after a performance load test. In many cases, tests have high percentages of uncompleted transactions, transactions in error, or worse, there could be missing transactions or updates.
Our performance test method includes functional checks into performance load tests. Catching these issues in performance testing mitigates downstream risks which invariably would manifest themselves at the most inopportune of times. For more information, visit _URL_ or write to us at _EMAIL_


Saccharimetrical meanings in Urdu
Saccharimetrical meanings in Urdu is مقدس Saccharimetrical in Urdu. More meanings of saccharimetrical, it's definitions, example sentences, related words, idioms and quotations.
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Idiom related to the meaning of Saccharimetrical
What are the meanings of Saccharimetrical in Urdu?
Meanings of the word Saccharimetrical in Urdu is مقدس - muqaddas. To understand how would you translate the word Saccharimetrical in Urdu, you can take help from words closely related to Saccharimetrical or it's Urdu translations. Some of these words can also be considered Saccharimetrical synonyms. In case you want even more details, you can also consider checking out all of the definitions of the word Saccharimetrical. If there is a match we also include idioms & quotations that either use this word or its translations in them or use any of the related words in English or Urdu translations. These idioms or quotations can also be taken as a literary example of how to use Saccharimetrical in a sentence. If you have trouble reading in Urdu we have also provided these meanings in Roman Urdu.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What do you mean by saccharimetrical?
Meaning of saccharimetrical is مقدس - muqaddas
Whats the definition of saccharimetrical?
Definition of the saccharimetrical are
What is the synonym of saccharimetrical?
Synonym of word saccharimetrical are sachemdom, holy, sanctified, holystoned, sanctiloquent, heavenly, saclant, sacrist, consecrated, venerated
What are the idioms related to saccharimetrical?
Here are the idioms that are related to the word saccharimetrical.
 - Sacred ape


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My great grandfather was apparently an illegitimate child, the oldest of the family, and it has been said that back in the day (1877, Scotland) it was common practice for such children to be raised by their fathers. Is this correct and what would be the reasoning behind it?
Interesting - I've just checked up in my copy of "Scottish Customs: From the Cradle to the Grave", by Margaret Bennett (Birlinn Ltd, 2004).
An interview with someone who emigrated from Scotland in the 1950s referred to what I thought standard practice would be (p.107) - the girl would have to go before the Kirk Session for public criticism. And there would be no public sympathy for her. Now I am sure that the normal position was that the man might also find himself in the same position - however, the interview in question describes the men getting off without any comeback or penalty. This clearly suggests they didn't have to bring the child up.
In the Annie Lennox episode of 'Who Do You Think You Are' (the UK version), an illegitimate child was definitely left with the mother.
But the interesting thing is that in the book, on p109, a 1774 document from Skye refers to the custom of handfasting. In this, it was the (alleged) custom of men of rank to take a year's trial of a wife. If mutual satisfaction followed, the marriage was deemed "good and lawful". But if either party insisted on a separation and a child had been conceived during that year, then the child was to be taken care of by the father and was to be ranked among his lawful children, next after his heirs. The child was not to be considered a bastard as the cohabitation was a custom intended to produce a good marriage.
I am as certain as I can be that the normal case was that the wrath of the Kirk Session would descend on both man and woman, with the man's subsequent contribution being a monetary one only. I am always slightly dubious about descriptions of customs like this handfasting and trial marriages, however, there does appear to be something at the root of this.
I would suggest that the "common" practice of the father raising the child, as described in the question was therefore not common at all, but that wherever and whenever handfasting took place then something very like the suggested practice did take place, giving rise to the suggestion.
In the realm of family history research, you will find a huge array of information that might become evidence for or against a claim. It can often be difficult to decide just how much weight to give to any particular piece.
Although this is a matter about which whole books have been written, there is simple rule of thumb upon which you can generally rely. Be VERY SCEPTICAL about any statement that begins with "It has been said that..." or "Great grandmother always believed that..."
The claims that follow such introductions are not always wrong, but should not be relied upon without locating independent documented corroboration.
In the case of your great grandfather, you seem to be describing the case of a boy in a family made up of his father, stepmother and half-siblings. There is certainly nothing strange in that. The best evidence of how his place in the family was regarded might be found in his father's Will.


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pps-gpio-poll is a Linux kernel module which provides a /dev/pps* device using a GPIO pin as the PPS source. With an NTP daemon like chrony or ntpd it can be used to accurately synchronize the system clock with a reference time source.
Unlike the pps-gpio module (which is included in the Linux tree) it doesn't use interrupts. It uses a high-resolution timer and waits for the GPIO value to change in a busy loop instead. This means the PPS samples are more accurate and have less jitter, but more CPU time is consumed. Another difference is that the number of the GPIO pin is a parameter of the kernel module instead of relying on Device Tree.
This is a continuation of the openwrt-stratum1 project by Gabs Ricalde.


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primates, thermoregulation, temperature, cold habitats
Powell, Brianna; Vinyard, Chris; Brittain, Rebecca; and Thompson, Cynthia, "Behavioral Thermoregulation during Winter in Japanese Macaques (Macaca fuscata)" (2015). Student Summer Scholars. 142.
Mammals use thermoregulatory behaviors to maintain optimal body temperatures when facing variable weather conditions. During cold temperatures, these behaviors can serve as an energetically inexpensive way to modulate heat loss. We assessed the use of thermoregulatory behaviors in a semi free-ranging group of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) in Inuyama, Japan during winter. We recorded activity, body postures, and sun exposure for five animals (N=443 observation hrs) exposed to natural thermal variation (-2.9°C to 10.8°C). Air temperature and solar radiation were recorded via an on-site weather station. At colder temperatures, macaques utilized heat-conserving body postures more frequently, engaged in longer periods of physical contact, and spent less time moving. Additionally, when daytime solar radiation was high, macaques rested in sunny locations more frequently than shady locations. These results are consistent with a strategy to behaviorally conserve heat loss. Decreases in movement at cold temperatures further suggest that animals are attempting to reduce energy expenditure when thermoregulatory costs are highest. In sum, these results indicate that Japanese macaques utilize heatand energy-conserving behaviors as part of their thermoregulatory repertoire when experiencing cold temperatures in winter.


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How to Verify the VIN on an Old Honda Motorcycleby Brian Richards
Before you buy a used Honda motorcycle, you should verify the vehicle identification number (VIN) associated with the bike. This information can be obtained from the seller, or from the bike itself when you inspect it. The VIN is the key to a vehicle's history, but stolen or fraudulent Honda motorcycles will not have a VIN that accurately reports the vehicle's history. Verify the VIN by comparing the numbers against the correct Honda formatting of VINs, and comparing the VIN against the appropriate state's records.
Obtain the 17-character VIN from the motorcycle seller or from the motorcycle itself. The VIN is located in different places on different motorcycles, but will likely be located on both the right side of the frame near the steering stem, and on the back right edge of the rear engine case.
Verify that the first character of the VIN matches the supposed location of the motorcycle's manufacture. A 1 or 4 means the motorcycle was manufactured in the United States, a 2 means Canada, 3 means Mexico, J means Japan, K means Korea, S means England, W means Germany and Z means Italy. Any other number or letter means that the motorcycle was manufactured in a country that does not host a Honda motorcycle manufacturing plant, meaning the VIN is fraudulent.
Ensure that the second character is the letter H. This position refers to the vehicle's manufacturer, and H is the character for Honda vehicles. If the second character is different, it is likely that the VIN number was stolen from another vehicle.
Inspect the 10th character of the VIN, which should match the model year of the Honda motorcycle. The code starts at number 1, which designates manufacture in the year 1971, and continues sequentially until 9 in the year 1979. The codes then start with the letter A in 1980, and continue through the alphabet (omitting I, O, Q, U and Z) until ending at Y in the year 2000. The characters then revert to numbers, starting with 1 in 2001 and continuing to 9 in 2009, and which point the character returns to a letter again with A representing 2010.
Record the motorcycle's VIN, and contact the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) in the state in which the motorcycle is supposedly registered. See Resources for a list of contact information. Report the VIN to the DMV and ask for the make and model of the vehicle associated with the VIN. The make and model should match the Honda motorcycle, and there should be no reports of theft associated with the VIN.
- man on a red bike image by Galina Barskaya from Fotolia.com


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I ran into this recently and thought I would document/pass on the observation:
If you set up a named Layout View, and then try to restore that Layout View when you are in Model Space of a Viewport, the program will automatically switch to Paper Space and restore the requested view, leaving you in Paper Space, without making any change to the drawing extents visible within the Viewport, even if the Viewport is unlocked. That is quite nice and the way it should be. Unfortunately, there is a potential problem.
If the Viewport in which you started had a drawing scale other than 1'-0" = 1'-0" (1:1), which is probably the case for most Viewports, and there is annotative content in that Viewport, the content does not have 1'-0" = 1'-0" (1:1) as an added scale and Annotation Visibility is set to show only the current scale, you may be surprised to find that the annotative content is no longer visible.
You can find the reason for this by unlocking the Viewport (if locked) and clicking on the Annotation Scale Synchronization button (located just to the right of the drawing scale control on the Drawing Window Status Bar when in Model Space of a Layout Viewport - or when in Paper Space and the Viewport is selected). Unfortunately, it is hard to tell the difference between when this button is active or inactive. Even more unfortunate is the fact that using this button to synchronize the viewport annotation scale and the viewport drawing scale means that the viewport drawing scale will be changed to the viewport annotation scale (which is why the Viewport needs to be unlocked for it to work when in Model Space; from Paper Space, the Viewport will rescale even if the Viewport is locked). You will find that the drawing scale changes to 1'-0" = 1'-0" (1:1), so it seems that when you asked ACA to restore the Layout View from Model Space on a Layout, before it switches to Paper Space, it applies the annotation scale of the Layout View (1:1) to the viewport - even if the Viewport is locked! That is why the annotative content disappears (or, should 1'-0" = 1'-0" (1:1) be an assigned scale, changes size).
Rather than selecting the Annotation Scale Synchronization button (unless you want to change the Viewport scale to 1:1), unlock the viewport (if locked) and then use the Viewport Scale control to reselect the same drawing scale. This will reset the annotation scale to match the Viewport scale and your annotative content should leap back into view (or resume the proper size).
An alternate solution (and another way to see that the annotation scale has been changed to 1'-0" = 1'-0" (1:1)) would be to select the Viewport while in Paper Space and on the Design tab of the Properties palette, under the Misc category, reset the Annotation scale property to the same scale as the Viewport scale. You will need to unlock the Viewport to do so, but you can do that with the Display locked property, which is conveniently located just above the Annotation scale property.
Or, you could just remember to switch to Paper Space before restoring the named Layout View, which avoids the problem altogether. That is easier said than done - even after I figured out why the annotation was disappearing, there have been times where I forget to change to Paper Space first. At least now I know why the annotation disappeared and what to do to restore it.


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Bergen op Zoom's location on the Scheldt River was an important factor in this city's development into a wealthy trading city during the Middle Ages. Traders from all over Europe flocked to Bergen op Zoom twice a year for the Easter and the Cold Markets. The brisk trade led to the building of Het Markiezenhof and the expansion of the Sint Gertrudiskerk church.
In 1567, the city changed radically as a result of major military activities and siege. The defences that were built during this period survived the Eighty Years War with Spain. The Bergen city anthem 'Merck toch hoe sterck', loosely translated as'see how strong we are', harks back to these tumultuous times. The harbour was an important artery which brought troops and supplies into the city. In 1698, a radical modernisation of the defences, designed by the renowned Dutch fortress builder Menno van Coehoorn, was started.
As his building work was seen as impregnable, Bergen op Zoom was given the nickname 'La Pucelle', the virgin. At the end of the 19th century, most of the fortifications were destroyed during the expansion of the city. Large industries arose around the harbour, but the inner city has retained its historical character. The historical buildings in the centre create a unique backdrop for the attractive shops, cafés and pleasant restaurants.