text:
Hardness and Conductivity of Die Forged ZYK530 Magnesium Alloy
Keywords:heat treatment, die forged ZYK530 Mg alloy, hardness, conductivity
The relationship among the microstructure, hardness and electrical conductivity of the as-forged ZYK530 Mg alloy after heat treatment was analyzed and studied using a microscope, X-Ray Diffractometer, eddy current conductivity meter, and Vickers microhardness tester, to explore optimum heat treatment process of ZYK530 Mg alloy. The results show that: with the prolongation of holding time, the electrical conductivity and microhardness show the same change trend, both of which show an oscillatory upward trend, and then decrease in an oscillatory downward trend after reaching the peak value. There is a linear positive correlation between the conductivity and the hardness, and the fitting results of the conductivity and hardness are in good agreement with the measured results; combined with the actual production, when the heat-treatment is 480 ℃ × 8 h + 220 ℃ × 3 h, the highest hardness is 79.2 HV, the electroconductivity is 36.2%IACS, and the comprehensive performance is the best, which is the best heat treatment process.
The copyrights for articles in this journal are retained by the author(s), with first publication rights granted to the journal. By virtue of their appearance in this open-access journal, articles are free to use with proper attribution in educational and other non-commercial settings.


text:
NEW YORK (AP) — Scientists say they've found evidence that stone tips for spears were made much earlier than thought, maybe even created by an earlier ancestor than has been believed.
Both Neanderthals and members of our own species, Homo sapiens, used stone tips, which made more lethal hunting weapons. The new findings suggest that maybe they didn't invent that technology, but inherited it from their last shared ancestor. That would be Homo heidelbergensis (hy-dil-ber-GEN-sis).
The study concluded that a collection of stone tips from South Africa was half-a-million years old. That's 200,000 years older than stone tips found elsewhere.
The work was published Thursday by the journal Science.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
History of Special Education & What It Means for Us Today
Have you ever wondered when education began for children with special needs? Was it in America? Europe?
Did it begin with children who had Down syndrome? Blindness? Who decided to develop teaching materials for children who needed modifications? How did classical education influence special education?
You may appreciate the quick timeline beginning in the 1500s and embedded in this new article rich with applications for us today. I wrote the piece at the request of Classical Thistle, classical education advocates. With gratitude to Margret A. Winzer for her informative book, From Integration to Inclusion: A History of Special Education, here is an excerpt from my article:
When Pedro Ponce de León opened his school for non-speaking children with profound deafness, he had no delusions of teaching without the aid of adaptations. His early work remains instructive to us today. "Ponce's work was … an astute application of the sign language he and his brother Benedictine monks used daily. Ponce's great achievements may not have been teaching speech and language to the deaf boys but more his recognition that disability did not hinder learning and his use of alternative stimuli…. Most importantly, perhaps, Ponce de León was the first successful special educator, and 1578 the year in which special education truly began."
Read the full article with applications for the children we love and teach:
Teach Them to Climb
Simply Classical Curriculum for the riches of a classical education with researched teaching techniques for children with learning challenges.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Linking Software Design Metrics to Component Change-Proneness
 1. Lookup NU author(s)
 2. Dr Claire Ingram
 3. Dr Stephen Riddle
Author(s)Ingram C; Riddle S
Publication type Report
Series TitleSchool of Computing Science Technical Report Series
Legacy DateJune 2011
Report Number1257
Full text is available for this publication:
One technique from value-based software engineering involves prioritising the system and selectively applying time-consuming techniques (such as traceability) in order to maximise return on investment. This prioritisation could be based on predicted change-proneness of code modules, if a sufficiently accurate prediction can be achieved. Several previous studies have examined links between software change-proneness and software metrics such as size and complexity. However, conclusions differ as to the strength of the relationships. We present here a new case study project, extracting a range of complexity values from the code modules and testing for the existence of a significant link between change-proneness and complexity. We find only limited evidence of a linear relationship, but analysis using other statistical techniques does reveal some other significant links.
InstitutionSchool of Computing Science, The University of Newcastle upon Tyne
Place PublishedNewcastle upon Tyne
ActionsLink to this publication


SEO techniques
How to Humanize PPC Ads
How to Humanize PPC Ads
As marketers and brands, many of you use PPC ads to drive traffic to your brand or a client's website.
There's nothing wrong with that approach.
After all, PPC ads have obvious advantages. You can reach new customers, track your results, and manage your budget. However, for all their benefits, these ads can sometimes lack something.
Has anyone guessed what I'm talking about? It's the human touch.
By humanizing your PPC ads, you can stand apart from your competitors.
Before I go on, what do I mean by humanizing your PPC ads? It means creating ads that provoke a response or an emotion. It can help your ads build connections and trust with your market and ultimately increase your business.
It also takes you away from the nameless, faceless, robotic approach that can be digital marketing at its worst.
Aside from those I've already listed, there are a few other essential reasons to humanize your PPC ads and your brand in general. Let's dive in, and then we'll discuss different ways you can humanize your PPC ads.
Why Should You Humanize Your PPC Ads?
Humanizing your brand can give you a competitive edge and improve customer retention. It shows you're taking a customer-centric approach, and you understand your buyers.
However, humanizing your brand also builds customer trust, which is vital these days. Communications company Edelman says, "Trust has never been more important for companies to develop and maintain."
Further, they found that 75 percent of people actively recommend businesses they trust.
That's not the only benefit, though; according to Edelman: "Customers who trust you are more likely to engage with, buy from, advocate for, and defend you."
Now, let's go into detail about some positives you could gain from humanizing your brand.
Humanizing Your Brand Gives You a Competitive Edge
You might already know one of the advantages of humanizing your digital marketing: the competitive edge.
Why? It's simple.
In an ever-increasing digital world, consumers are interested in forming connections and engaging with brands.
Creating connections is essential to building long-term relationships, and then it becomes possible to establish customer loyalty.
Humanizing Your Brand Gives a Customer-Centric Approach
When you humanize your brand, you're providing a personalized touch at every customer journey stage.
This humanized approach takes the focus away from you as a marketer or business owner. Instead, it concentrates on your customer's wants and considers your prospects:
 - individual needs
 - goals and ambitions
 - challenges and pain points
Further, the customer-centric approach shows you understand your customers' unique problems and can offer them solutions.
You Benefit From Customer Advocacy and Retainment
Once you've sold successfully to a consumer, there are two things you want to do: retain them and turn them into advocates.
By humanizing your marketing, your customers may be more likely to become those advocates and recommend your brand to others.
Then there's customer retention. You're more likely to retain your customer by:
10 Ways to Humanize Your PPC Ads
Now you understand the benefits, how do you humanize your PPC ads? Outlined below are 10 easy-to-implement measures you can start using today.
1. Understand Your Audience by Creating Personas
You've got a product or service to promote, but who's your target market, and how do you humanize your PPC ads to suit them?
With buyer personas. Buyer personas are a valuable asset because not every would-be customer responds to your PPC ad in the same way.
To attract your ideal customer, you'll want to appeal to them by speaking their language, understanding their pain points, and offering them a solution.
That's where buyer personas come in.
Why are personas so effective? Because they allow the personalized approach. Get this part right, and you can humanize your PPC ads and reach your target market.
2. Create Relevant Ads
Yes, we're back to personas again. Your buyer personas let you create relevant ads by giving you a clearer idea of your potential customers' search terms.
You could humanize your PPC ads by better understanding buyer intent and using:
 - Google's "related searches" feature
 - a keyword tool
 - including specific, relevant keywords and long-tail keywords
Alternatively, work with an agency that can complete the task for you.
3. Use Images
Humanize your PPC ads with images. They don't need to be staff images. Just include something that represents your business, what it offers, and what it stands for.
Google offers different ways of adding images to PPC ads through Discovery ads or its image extensions option, or you could use Facebook's carousel ads.
Humanize PPC Ads - Facebook ad
However, plenty of other platforms allow image-rich advertising and storytelling, like Instagram, Pinterest, or YouTube.
4. Use Social Media
Your buyer personas are also good for shaping your social media strategy.
Use your personas to humanize your PPC ads by understanding where your ideal buyers hang out. Then you can target them on their platform of choice.
Sites like TikTok, Facebook, and Instagram allow you to personalize your PPC ads for better results.
5. Keep Testing
Constant testing may mean avoiding getting stuck in your usual advertising patterns. How do you put this into practice?
By varying your PPC campaigns. You can do this through regular A/B testing to see which elements work best for your audience.
For instance, you could test:
 - long-form keywords
 - colors
 - calls to action (CTAs)
Keep testing and optimizing the results as you go until you know you're getting the right balance.
6. Go Beyond Keywords
Keywords can only do so much. Yes, they can help get your ads in front of the right people, but they lack personalization.
To further humanize your PPC ads, consider four other critical areas of your marketing:
 - demographics
 - motivation
 - challenges
 - goals
Simpleview recommends applying these qualities to travel persons to optimize your PPC results. However, these attributes work just as well for just about any other niche.
Take demographics, for instance.
Depending on the age group of the audience you're targeting, you're going to want to change your advertisements so they "speak" to that particular group.
Likewise, the motivations, challenges, and goals are likely to be different for each group.
7. Use Storytelling
I've already mentioned the value of consumer trust, and there's an easy way to build on it: with storytelling.
Successful ads often use storytelling at the heart of their ads, and the likes of Instagram Stories have made it accessible.
However, Instagram isn't the only way. For a similar approach, you could test out Facebook's carousel ads or maybe a Twitter followers' campaign.
Here are some ideas if you're new to storytelling:
 - staff profiles or a day-in-the-life article so your audience can get to know you better
 - customer success stories
 - highlights of a product or service
 - reviews or explainer videos
8. Inject Some Personality
Think about it: Are your potential customers more likely to click on an ad that sounds like everyone else's?
Or will they choose a PPC ad that stands out and speaks for itself?
The first impression many customers get of your business is through online ads, so they must reflect your brand.
Use the same tone for your ads as you would for the rest of your marketing to give your customers greater consistency and familiarity.
9. Don't Use the Direct Sales Approach
The direct sales approach can be a turn-off for consumers. Instead, you could concentrate on getting the prospect to click through to your website, give you their details, and then gently steer them towards the sale.
You may find that customer mapping is helpful with this approach. When you use customer journey mapping, you can:
 - understand the customer's key touchpoints
 - identify your customer's goals
 - nurture your leads by tailoring ads to encourage them to make a purchase
10. Keep It Simple Stupid (KISS)
Finally, keep it simple, stupid (no offense). It's believed Kelly Johnson first used the phrase in the 1960s when it was originally applied to design concepts. However, it applies just as much to content creation.
There's a reason why the term is still used today: Sometimes marketers like to complicate things, but there's no need to.
If you want to humanize your PPC ads more, remember you've got a limited amount of time and characters. Make every word count by:
 - keeping your language plain and uncomplicated
 - spelling out the benefits
 - writing with your ideal buyer in mind and using keywords
 - finishing with a CTA
Examples of Great Humanized PPC Ads
There's plenty the big brands can teach us about making greater connections with our perfect consumers. Here are three of the best.
Remember the Snickers "You're not you when you're hungry" PPC campaign?
The Snickers advert used a series of deliberate spelling mistakes in its online advertising. More than ten years later, the advert is still delivering results.
Examples of Great Humanized PPC Ads - Snickers
Why did it work so well? Because consumers can relate to it. Everyone recognizes that "hangry" feeling.
The Snickers advert is also novel, shareable, and memorable—all things every advertiser can apply to their marketing.
Rather than going for the full sale straight off, Converse used "Converse-ations" to reach its younger audience.
Working with the ad agency, Anomoly, Converse included keywords teenagers might use when searching online, like "spelling bee" or "how to talk to girls."
Con


text:
The Fortress of Sant'Angelo on Mons Spatula was founded, near the Church of St. Michael Archangelo, in the second half of the 12th century, by the powerful Roman senator Giovanni Capocci (from where the name St. Angelo in Capoccia derives). The Fortress was passed down the generations following the laws of primogeniture until 1370 when Perna Capocci married Ugo Orsini and the fief of Sant'Angelo with all its possessions became property of the Orsini family.
The last Orsini to possess it was Giordano di Napoleone and at his death (early 1500s) the Fortress was ceded to the Apostolic Camera.
Around 1590, the fief of Sant'Angelo was bought by Bartholomew and Federico Cesi, uncle and father of Federico who founded the Academia dei Lincei, thereby bringing the entire Sabine-Cornicolano territory into the family's hands.
During the second half of the 17th century, the fief of Sant'Angelo was sold to the Borghese family to pay off debts, as were all the other Cesi possessions in the area. Once a local governor had been named, they lost interest in the Fortress and in just a few years its original function as a deposit for the grain produced by the family's territories had been forgotten.


text:
|February 7th is this years GKAS Day|
More than 10 years ago the ADA began Give Kids A Smile, celebrated annually on the first Friday in February. The program was launched with these four objectives in mind:
In 2006 the ADA decided to look for ways to expand Give Kids A Smile to "More Than Just A Day". A National Advisory Committee was constituted to guide expansion efforts, focusing on three primary areas: program enhancement, fundraising and promising practices to highlight Give Kids A Smile program. The committee's vision statement is:
Our goal is the elimination of cavities in U.S. five year olds by 2020.
If you know of a child in need, please use the resources below to find the nearest clinic in your area.
|To find out how to donate to the American Dental Association and aid in providing these services to needy children please click on the image|


text:
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
- v. To feel regret, remorse, or sorrow for.
- v. To feel regret, remorse, or sorrow.
- n. Sorrow; regret: "To their rue, the Social Democrats have to acknowledge that the Conservative-Liberal coalition has captured the center where elections are won" ( Elizabeth Pond).
- n. Any of various aromatic southwest Asian or Mediterranean plants of the genus Ruta, especially the ornamental R. graveolens, having bipinnately compound leaves that yield an acrid volatile oil formerly used in medicine.
Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia
-. To cause to grieve; make repentant, compassionate, or sorrowful; afflict: often used impersonally with a personal pronoun.
- To repent of; feel remorse for; regret; hence, to suffer in expiation of: as, to rue one's folly or mistakes.
- To feel sorrow or suffering on account of; suffer from or by; experience loss or injury from.
- To have or take pity on; feel sorry for; compassionate.
- To repent of and withdraw, or try to withdraw, from: as, to rue a bargain. See rue-bargain.
- To be sorrowful; experience grief or harm; suffer; mourn.
- To repent; feel remorse or regret.
- To have pity; have compassion or mercy: often followed by on or upon.
- n. Sorrow; repentance.
- n. Any plant of the genus Ruta, especially R. graveolens, the common or garden rue, a native of the Mediterranean region and western Asia, and elsewhere common in cultivation. It is a woody herb of bushy habit, 2 or 3 feet high, with decompound leaves, the leaflets of a bluish-green color, strongly dotted. The flowers are greenish-yellow and corymbed, and are produced all summer. The plant has a strong disagreeable odor, and the leaves are extremely acrid, even producing blisters. In antiquity and the middle ages rue was highly esteemed as a medicine, and was believed to ward off contagion. It has the properties of a stimulant and antispasmodic, but accompanied by excitant and irritant tendencies. It is not now officinal, but continues somewhat in popular use. In medieval folk-lore it was a common witches' drug. From its supposed virtues, or by association with the word rue, repentance, it was formerly called
- n. archaic Repentance, regret.
- n. archaic Pity, compassion.
- v. obsolete, transitive To cause to repent of sin or regret some past action.
- v. obsolete, transitive To cause to feel sorrow or pity.
- v. transitive To repent of or regret (some past action or event); to wish that a past action or event had not taken place.
- v. archaic, intransitive To feel compassion or pity.
- n. Any of various perennial shrubs of the genus Ruta, especially the herb Ruta graveolens, formerly used in medicines.
GNU Webster's 1913
- n. (Bot.) A perennial suffrutescent plant (Ruta graveolens), having a strong, heavy odor and a bitter taste; herb of grace. It is used in medicine.
- n. Fig.: Bitterness; disappointment; grief; regret.
- v. To lament; to regret extremely; to grieve for or over.
- v. obsolete To cause to grieve; to afflict.
- v. Prov. Eng. To repent of, and withdraw from, as a bargain; to get released from.
- v. obsolete To have compassion.
- v. To feel sorrow and regret; to repent.
- n. obsolete Sorrow; repetance.
- v. feel remorse for; feel sorry for; be contrite about
- n. (French) a street or road in France
- n. sadness associated with some wrong done or some disappointment
- n. European strong-scented perennial herb with grey-green bitter-tasting leaves; an irritant similar to poison ivy
- n. leaves sometimes used for flavoring fruit or claret cup but should be used with great caution: can cause irritation like poison ivy
- Old English hrēowan, perhaps influenced by Old Norse hryggja ("to distress, grieve"), from Germanic. Cognate with Dutch rouwen, German reuen. (Wiktionary)
- Middle English ruen, from Old English hrēowan, to affect with grief, and hrēowian, to repent.Middle English, from Old French, from Latin rūta, probably from Greek rhūtē. (American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition)
"Ophelia wishes to remind the Queen of the sorrow and contrition she ought to feel for her unlawful marriage; and that she may wear her rue with peculiar propriety on Sundays, when she solicits pardon for the crime which she has so much occasion to _rue_ and repent of."
"Columbine was emblematical of forsaken lovers.] [Footnote IV. 27: _There's rue for you; and here's some for me: -- we may call it herb of grace o 'Sundays: _] Probably a quibble is meant here, as _rue_ anciently signified the same as"
"I can really recommend the Cremerie Polidor in rue Monsieur le Prince for an authentic bistro experience and the food is good and generous."
"A posh building in rue de Grenelle (Paris), its days recounted from two points of view, one belonging to a cultured concierge, the other to a little rich girl with suicidal tendencies."
"Try Stohrer in rue Montorgueil. not as good as the Real Thing, but not bad"
"I can imagine that rue is a very different place without the law students... or maybe it isn't so much a law student hangout as it used to be."
"10A modest laboratory was soon set up, but only at the science faculty in rue Cuvier, where Pierre taught a physics course to those preparing for the certificat d 'études."
"At No. 41 of the Avenue de Paris, at Versailles, there is a little street running north and south, called the rue du Bon Conseil."
""I went to find the sieur de Mons," Champlain wrote, "and found him living on a pleasant street in Paris, happily called rue Beaurepaire.""
"He established his café directly opposite the newly opened Comédie Française, in the street then known as the rue des Fossés-St."
These user-created lists contain the word 'rue'.
A complete Barron's Wordlist for GRE preparation. Your online flashcard replacement.
A list of 3-letter words which cannot be formed by adding a letter to a 2-letter word (see Ken Clark's word lists found at _URL_...
La única lista que también incluye flexiónes verbales y pluralizaciones. Aún faltan algunas por encontrar.
(Por ser una lista para Scrabble, los dígrafos ll, rr, y ch se consideran com...
Delicious scents in an edible nibble.
Mix and match the phonemes in colors!
It's a book by Jack Kerouac
My list of words.
Looking for tweets for rue.


How to Count Atoms in Chemical Formulas
How to Count Atoms in Chemical Formulas
-•• Emilija Randjelovic/iStock/GettyImages
Chemical formulas describe the type and number of atoms within a compound. The molecular formula lists the symbol of each element within the compound followed by a number (usually in subscript). The letter and number indicate how many of each type of element are in the compound. If there is only one atom of a particular element, then no number is written after the element. Certain groups of elements, such as polyatomic ions, may be enclosed in parenthesis to indicate that these atoms act as a group. The number of these groups is then indicated by a number (again, usually in subscript) after the closed parenthesis.
 Locate the elements in the chemical's molecular formula. These are represented by their symbol. For example, the chemical formula for ammonium phosphate is (NH4)3PO4. The elements in this compound are nitrogen (N), hydrogen (H), phosphorous (P), and Oxygen (O).
 Add a subscript one for any element that does not have a subscript number already. In ammonium phosphate, the nitrogen and oxygen have no numerical values. By convention, no number is added if there is only one atom of the element in the formula. Adding a value of one to these elements will remind you to count them when adding the number of atoms.
 Add the subscript numbers within any parenthesis. Then multiply by the value of the subscript located after the closed parenthesis. In ammonium phosphate, the NH4 is enclosed in parenthesis. The sum of the atoms within the parenthesis is five. The number three after the closed parenthesis indicates a total of three ammonium groups within the compound. Since each group has five atoms multiplying three groups by five atoms produces 15 atoms.
 Add the subscript numbers for all elements located outside any parenthesis. In ammonium phosphate, the PO4 is written outside the parenthesis. The total number of atoms for this group is 5 (1 P + 4 O = 5).
 Add this sum to the product of the parenthesis to determine the total number of atoms in the chemical formula. The total number of atoms in ammonium nitrate is 3(1 N x 4 H) + 1 + 4 = 20.
 Things You'll Need
 - Pencil
 - Paper
 - Molecular formula of a compound
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Saturday, August 30, 2008
Learning to Win
Recently Brett Steenbarger wrote on his blog that the inability to deal with trauma is often a trader's enemy. Not sexual trauma, not childhood traumas, but the trauma of losing money.
Ever since Freud psychotherapy has labored under the notion that the best way to deal with trauma is to talk it out. It has recommended telling the story of your trauma, gathering up a few insights, and then pretending that you understand the meaning of what happened to you. This enhanced consciousness is supposed to constitute cure.
Need I mention that it never works. In some recent posts Steenbarger offers a good explanation of why. Losing money in a bad trade or in a series of bad trades sets up a conditioned response, one that bypasses thought and reflection. Negative experiences-- like losing money-- are more powerful and influential because they cause people to vow "never again." If you have been hurt badly at some activity the chances are good that you will avoid, not only that activity, but anything that remotely suggests it.
Steenbarger adds that since traumas bypass thought to create automatic responses they cannot be influenced by more and better thinking.
Let us say that a trader was traumatized by a loss? How will he conduct himself to avoid it every happening again?
He may be too quick to take small profits because he panics about the possibility that they will disappear. He might allow his bad positions to decline too long because he refuses to take a small loss.
In the end he might become accustomed to losing money because he has gained extensive experience at it. And he will accept it because he will feel that trauma has defined him as a loser.
No one is going to get over this by talking it out or talking it over or talking it through. No one is going to learn to win by discovering why he likes to lose or why he wanted to lose.
Once traumatized a person might well need a trading coach to guide him back into the markets. A coach will teach him how to get out of his Self and back into reading the markets. He will not do as many therapists do and puff up his self-esteem. As Steenbarger said: "It's not about thinking more positively about yourself; it's about removing the self from pure performance skill."
Still and all, someone who has gotten too used to losing must figure out some way to learn how to win. And as Steenbarger suggests, he must do it through experience, through the experience of winning.
How do you do that? East... you take up golf... or tennis or bridge. You go outside of trading to find an activity where you can learn to win with humility and lose with grace.
Golf is like meditation, only with a competitive kicker. You do not have to introspect to discover how good your concentration is... the trajectory of the ball provides an instant reality check.
Golf will teach you how not to get too full of yourself when you sink a long putt or make a great chip shot. It will teach you how to get your concentration back when your drive lands in the lake.
Similarly, with bridge. If you are not in the bridge world you may not know but a great many of the finest bridge players are also traders, generally options traders.
I would add here that children need to learn how to win and how to lose, that is, how to complete, when they are growing up. This ought not to need emphasis, but there are enough mentally-deficient educators in our country who want to ban dodge ball and spelling bees, to say nothing of grades, because they are afraid someone's feelings will be hurt. What they are really doing is creating children who are incapable of dealing with failure. It is a sorry legacy of the self-esteem movement, and one can only hope it has not infected too many school systems.
Wednesday, August 27, 2008
Is Virtue Its Own Reward?
Sunday, August 24, 2008
Forever Nuance
You would have thought that one of the great lessons of the 2004 presidential election was: whatever you do, do not do nuance. Apparently not.
The word has recently been floated as the best explanation of Barack Obama's less than stellar performance last week at Saddleback.
When the candidate did not give straight answers to Pastor Warren's straight questions, the pundits lined up to explain that his mind was so subtle and so brilliant that it sees all sides of all issues. Only a great mind can see the complexities of all issues and weight all of the possible and imaginable considerations. The pundits want us all to think that Obama's answers exist on a higher plane, one that would barely be intelligible to people from Kansas. That plane is the plane of nuance.
The defense is similar to one offered by James Fallows in The Atlantic Monthly. Fallows declared that Obama was not very good in the candidate debates because he was the thinking person's candidate. Just like Pres. Adlai Stevenson.
Nuance did not work last time and it will not work this time... and not because it's a French word.
A president leads by setting policy, not by inspiring people with lofty thoughts or impressing them with how smart he is. A candidate must tell us what he is going to do. When he traffics in nuance people think that he is inviting them to wallow in his indecision.
Perhaps this appeals to people who have done a lot of therapy. They, in particular, have learned to refrain from taking action, the better to introspect, to free associate, to express their feelings, and to develop their poetic side. If you follow those guidelines strictly you will not become president, you will become dysfunctional.
If the candidate does not have a clear policy to address a problem then people will rightly assume that he is either not going to do anything or that he is going to make it up as he goes along.
If public policy were based on nuance then we would be writing the history of the Cuomo presidency. Policy has to be clear, precise, concise, and intelligible to large numbers of people. Otherwise how will the staff understand what it is supposed to do.
Given the choice between a wrong policy and no policy, an intelligent electorate will usually choose the former. Not for lack of intelligence but because they are smart enough to know what makes for leadership.
Most people would rather do something than nothing. In 1948 Harry Truman ran a successful campaign against a do-nothing Congress.
Deep thinkers love nuance. They love to get lost in their thoughts because then they feel that they are masters of their domain. The more detached they are from reality the more they love nuance.
They love it when a candidate offers nuanced answers because that makes them feel that he is one of them, and that he is raising their status in the world. They love it when they can feel that he is bright like them. Unfortunately then end up supporting candidates who would rather be bright than president.
Policy is like what Hollywood producers call "high concept." Anyone who has ever pitched a screen play knows that it must have a concept, a one-sentence plot synopsis. An effective script, like an effective presidency, must have a unity of action.
A policy is not a theme; it is not an inspirational message. To grasp what it is, take a few examples. Among the better know policies is: containment. George Kennan first proposed this one-word policy as the guiding principle of American conduct of the Cold War. It was surely different from the allied policy in World War II, which was: unconditional surrender.
The New Deal was a series of policy proposals. So was the Contract with America. In 2006 Congressional election Democrats ran on an end-the-war policy. Republicans seemed to be running on more-of-the-same. Of course, the Democrats won.
Both McCain and Obama became presumptive nominees because they articulated clear Iraq policies. McCain revived his candidacy by proposing a policy called: the surge. Obama rode his policy of "end the war" to the Democratic nomination.
Of course, that policy debate is now past history. Both candidates now need to redefine themselves by proposing new policies to address other issues.
This is being played out in the current debate over energy independence. McCain and the Republicans have been winning the debate because their policy: Drill here; drill now... is much clearer and actionable than any Democratic alternative. We may not be able to drill out way out of the problem, but we are certainly not going to think out way out of it.
I invite anyone to explain the Obama energy policy in four words or less. The Democrats may be right; they may be wrong. They are not going to win an election on an incoherent set of contradictory ideas that appear to be a grab-bag for special interest groups.
Despite what David Brooks says, I do not think that the Obama campaign needs a theme. I also do not think that it has been losing ground because it has been ineffective at counterpunching. And I do not believe that Obama is being dragged down by the company he kept in the past.
No, Obama's problem is that his candidacy is not defined by any policies. His master themes are not policies. "Change" is not a policy; "hope" is not a policy. A grammatically incorrect book title-- I hope I am not the only one who has noticed that The Audacity of Hope is incorrect in English grammar-- does not lead to policies.
For the Obama convention to succeed it must go beyond stirring rhetoric and inspirational messages. As the McCain campaign has already figured out, these easily lend themselves to ridicule. Obama is running for Commander in chief, not pastor in chief.
Success or failure will be measured by whether or not you can say after the convention what Obama's policy proposals are


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Pointwise convergence. As n increases, what happens? More and more points are included as not very far from f(x) = 0. In fact, there isn't a point that won't be included eventually.
Uniform Convergence. The problem is over on the left, near x = 0. A little elementary calculus shows the first derivative having a zero at x = 1/(1+n). This certainly moves toward x = 0. What is the value of the function at x = 1/(1+n)? Whatever it is, it's limit needs to be zero if we are to establish Uniform Convergence
It is.
Use your favorite logarithm technique to prove to what this converges.
Rewriting as may not be obvious, but this invites l'Hospital.
A single application (and a little algebra) produces -(1 + (1/n)). Well, that's clear enough. So, the limit of the logarithm is -1. Where does that leave us?


Exotic Animals
Definition of Exotic Animal
"EXOTIC ANIMAL" means an animal of a species or type that is not indigenous to the Yukon and that in its natural habitat is usually found wild in nature.
The Animal Control Bylaw states the following about Exotic Animals:
134. Every owner of an exotic animal shall register their animal with the City by providing the following information for each exotic animal that is under their care:
(1) Name, street address, postal code and telephone number of the owner;
(2) Name and description of the exotic animal; and
(3) Such other information as may be required by the City.
135. The Manager of Bylaw Services shall, within 30 days of registration, deliver in writing to the registered owner of an exotic animal any conditions that the Manager of Bylaw Services deems necessary for the proper care and maintenance of the exotic animal. Failure by any person to comply with the conditions placed on them pursuant to this section is an offence.
If you have any questions please contact Bylaw Services.


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A Grammar of Jero: With a Historical Comparative Study of the Kiranti Languages
This is the first description of the complex-pronominalising (endangered) language of the Jero Rai, one of the Kiranti tribes of eastern Nepal. The book also contains a historical comparative study of the Kiranti languages. An exhaustive reference work for Tibeto-Burman linguistics, language typology and linguistic theory.
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CHAPTER ONE THE JERO LANGUAGE AND ITS RELATIVES
CHAPTER TWO PHONOLOGY AND MORPHOPHONOLOGY
CHAPTER THREE NOMINALS AND ADVERBIALS
9 other sections not shown
actant adjective of purpose adverbs agreement suffixes allomorphs Ambote auxiliary Bahing bakcamm bakcapa Bantawa Chamling consonant contrast cooked grain cooked.grain Diagram dumcamm Dumi Eastern Kiranti expected factual verbal adjective garnu gerund Hayu hunu I/we imperative initial unexplained Jero Jero and Wambule Khaling khus Kiranti languages Kulung lexical Limbu loans from Nepali marks me>am Michailovsky 1994 middle verb Mohantare MORPHEME GLOSS morphophonological nasal Nepali ni>am nominal noun number agreement obstruents pacamm vt-2a pacapa patient perfect gerund periphrastic person and number person dual phoneme phonological phrasal point of reference post-final postposition preglottalised pronouns Proto-Kiranti Proto-Tibeto-Burman realised reflected in words regularly have initial root alternation root-final second person suffix marker suffix MORPHEME Sunwar syllable syllable-final theyp Thulung transitive relationship transitive verbs Urjgu verb forms verb root verbal adjective Verbs ending vi-la-i vi-lb vi-lc vm-la vocoid vowel Yamphu


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Church Street Graveyard, Mobile's oldest existing cemetery, opened in 1820 and officially closed in 1898. It is a remarkable place, rich in lore and legend, and encompasses five acres of burials set within an aging brick enclosure off Mobile's Government Street. Strolling its level grounds, visitors can get a feel for Mobile's colorful early history. Among those buried here are Don Miguel Eslava, a Spanish governmental official; Col. Jerome Cluis, a Napoleonic refugee; Gen. Edmund Pendleton Gaines, a hero of the War of 1812; Madame Mary Josephine Hollinger, who was born in British Mobile; and various Revolutionary and Mexican War soldiers, yellow-fever victims, antebellum men of affairs, a Mardi Gras founder, and Mobile's own Renaissance Man, Eugene Walter, whose internment in 1998 was made possible by special mayoral dispensation.
The graveyard replaced an earlier Spanish burial ground known as the Campo Santo (1780–1813, located at the site of the present Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception on Claiborne Street) that the increasing American population considered too close to the booming downtown. City officials began searching for a place for the new graveyard in 1819 and eventually settled on a parcel, owned by William and Joshua Kennedy, on Mobile's southwest side on the Old Choctaw Road. During ongoing negotiations that summer, a devastating yellow fever epidemic struck, killing 274 residents—a staggering 20 percent of the population at the time. Thus, before the sale of the property was even sealed, officials were forced to begin using the new cemetery.
On April 4, 1820, the Kennedy brothers formally conveyed the parcel to the city. Its dimensions are 417-feet square, encompassing a bit more than four acres. Oddly, the surveyor used magnetic north in laying out the site, whereas the nearby streets were laid out in relation to true north. As a result, Church Street Graveyard lies askew to the downtown grid. The original gate was on the south side, facing the Old Choctaw Road. The present gate is on the north wall, at the head of Scott Street. City officials divided the cemetery into three sections, with the northeastern third designated for Catholics, the southeastern third for Protestants, and the remaining western portion designated a "Graveyard for Strangers" and, incidentally, Masons, Odd Fellows, veterans, and the indigent. The graveyard consists of 20 rows of 14.5 lots each and contains more than 1,000 burials.
Church Street Graveyard was influenced by the traditions of old New England churchyards, wherein bodies were buried inside a walled enclosure next to a house of worship. This is not surprising, considering that so many of Mobile's early American settlers came from that portion of the country. Church Street is a municipal cemetery and was never affiliated with a church, but churchyard influences can be found in the surrounding brick wall (erected in 1830) as well as in the variety of headstones carved by New England artisans. These include the slate marker of Isaiah Thomas Andrews (died May 30, 1819), a Boston seaman, and the sandstone marker of John McCartney (died September 17, 1835), featuring a winged-soul effigy. Church Street Graveyard's many marble obelisks and box tombs are well within the Neoclassical vocabulary that dominated the mid-nineteenth century. Especially notable as a regional peculiarity are numerous raised graves, necessitated by the high water table at the site.
In 1836 the city of Mobile established Magnolia Cemetery, and Church Street Graveyard fell into disuse and was finally closed in 1898. Since then, however, it has become the resting place for several Mobilians prominent in the city's artistic and cultural life. These include Joe Cain (a Confederate veteran who revived Mardi Gras after the Civil War), who was moved into the cemetery in 1968 by author and raconteur Julian Lee Rayford (himself buried next to Cain), and finally Eugene Walter. These three burials (located just inside the gate to the east) now constitute Mobile's own little Poet's Corner. On Joe Cain Day, the Sunday before Shrove Tuesday each year, the graveyard plays host to a huge alfresco festival as members of the Merry Widows Mardi Gras society gather at Cain's grave to weep, moan, and decorate the flat-topped tomb with liquor bottles, beads, doubloons, and palm fronds. The graveyard is open daily from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Nelson, Col. Soren, and Lucy Green Nelson. A History of Church Street Graveyard. Mobile: Historic Mobile Preservation Society, 1963.
Sledge, John S., and Sheila Hagler. Cities of Silence: A Guide to Mobile's Historic Cemeteries. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2002.
John S. Sledge
Mobile Historic Development Commission
Published February 23, 2007
Last updated April 26, 2011


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An Australian woman, who lost her vision due to retinitis pigmentosa, is now able to see spots of lights. All this has happened due to a procedure, which is said to be an early prototype of bionic eye.
Dianne Ashworth, 54, is the first person, who has become the first person to have bionic eye fitted. The surgery, which took place at the Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, fitted electrodes in the retina. These electrodes in return provided electrical impulses to eyes through nerve cells, which let Ashworth to see light.
The world's first bionic eye prototype, which has been implanted in the eyes of Ashworth, was being developed at the Bionics Institute, East Melbourne. Study researchers were of the view that Ashworth's experience with her new eyes will help them know about how brain reacts to the procedure.
Accordingly, they will work towards bionic eyes, which will help blind to have independent mobility. "The team is looking for consistency of shapes, brightness, size and location of flashes to determine how the brain interprets this information", said Rob Shepherd, who is the director of Bionics Institute. Next aim will be to test electrical stimulations at various levels, further affirmed Shepherd.
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- Guess who Justin Bieber got burned by?!! His ex-girlfriend Selena Gomez


What number can replace F?
Some letters have obvious numeric alternatives, such as «8» for «B» and «5» for «S.» Other characters are easily replaced by special characters. For example, «ƒ» can be used for «f» and «µ» may be used for «u.» In cases where no obvious substitution is available, multiple characters may be used.
What letter can 7 Replace?
The character «!» replaces the letter L, «3» poses as a backwards letter E, and «7» is the letter T, etc. Other examples of character/letter replacement include using «8» for the letter B, «9» for G, and the number 0 for the letter O.
What does 1337 stand for?
1337 is a language for internet users known for replacing letters with numbers or symbols. The term itself has gone on as a slang term for «extremely skilled (at gaming or computing)» or, more generally, «awesome.»
What numbers stand for letters?
 - 1 = a, j, s,
 - 2 = b, k, t,
 - 3 = c, l, u,
 - 4 = d, m, v,
 - 5 = e, n, w,
 - 6 = f, o, x,
 - 7 = g, p, y,
 - 8 = h, q, z,
Read more How many hours of Netflix is 100GB?
What number looks like letters on plates?
The number '6' is the number most use as the letter 'G'. Simply because it looks like a 'G' in most countries font styles. We have two possible letters which '8' could replace. Either the letter 'O' or 'B'.
What letter can 6 Replace?
However, in some countries, the number '6' can be used to replace the letter 'G'. This is simply because it appears similar. Then, there is also the letter 'C' which shares the shape of the number '6'.
What letter is R in the alphabet?
Letters in the alphabet:
Letter Number Letter
16 P
17 Q
18 R
19 S
Why is 1337 divided by infinity?
Similarly 1337/0 means 1337 must be divided equally 0 times which can't be defined hence anything divided by zero is undefined. … You can't divide any number by zero. Reason: You can't divide a whole into 0 parts.
How do you write 1337?
Leet (sometimes written as «1337» or «l33t»), also known as eleet or leet-speak, is another alphabet for the English language that is used mostly on the internet.
What is PWN?
'Pwn' is a lot like the sense of 'own' that means «to have power or mastery over (someone).» It has also been used to describe the act of gaining illegal access to something. You may have heard your kids saying it when they're playing video games with their friends: I totally pwned you! Aw, man, I got pwned!
What is the number code for I Love You?
2. 143: I Love You.
What is 0 as a letter?
There is no letter that represents zero as "0". The mathematical idea of the number zero is the idea of "absence". And not just any absence. … Zero is more than capable of representing itself without human and/or alphabetic intervention.
Read more Why is my PS4 making loud fan noises?
What does 146 mean?
According to Pythagorean Numerology, the number 146 is a reference of great ideals. It is associated with justice and other virtues of balance. Its blockade results in authoritarian and critical behavior. Because the creation of the world is completed in 146 days, it represents the totality for Christians.
What number looks most like H?
For example, the number 11 can represent the letters H, M, N or U and the number 2 can represent the letters R or Z. Speedy Reg can help you create and look for your ideal personalised number plate.
Will there be a 69 plate?
What are the first 2 letters on a number plate?
The first two letters are the DVLA memory tag, the two numbers (the age identifier) indicate the age of the vehicle, and the last three letters are random. For example, BD signifies Birmingham, 51 represents September 2001 and SMR are random letters.


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The intersection of ethics and communication in prenatal imaging: challenges for the pediatric radiologist
- 232 Downloads
Pediatric radiologists who practice prenatal imaging are often at the front lines of communication with pregnant patients and their partners. The communication process is particularly complex when a fetal abnormality is diagnosed. Regardless of whether the information is completely new and unexpected, or the patient is referred for tertiary imaging and counseling, few pediatric radiologists are trained specifically in the communication skills necessary to provide optimal care to the prospective parents. This paper reviews current literature regarding communication with patients about unexpected or difficult information, and illustrates key clinical and ethical features that make conversations with pregnant patients particularly challenging in the setting of fetal abnormalities.
KeywordsCommunication Bad news Prenatal diagnosis Congenital abnormalities Ethics
- 23.Casper M (1998) The making of the unborn patient: a social anatomy of fetal surgery. Rutgers University Press, New BrunswickGoogle Scholar
- 24.Asch A, Wasserman D (2009) Informed consent and prenatal testing: the Kennedy–Brownback Act. Virtual Mentor 11:721–724Google Scholar
- 27.Brown SD, Truog RD, Johnson JA et al (2006) Do differences in the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists positions on the ethics of maternal-fetal interventions reflect subtly divergent professional sensitivities to pregnant women and fetuses? Pediatrics 117:1382–1387CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar


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Emergent Disposition (2015)
Derek Fordjour engages with the layers of political, social, and cultural experiences of African Americans within the present moment through his meticulously textured paintings of individuals in various public settings. In many of his paintings, the artist investigates the vulnerability of the human body, by portraying figures such as athletes or performers who are always under the scrutiny of the public gaze.
Emergent Disposition considers many of the similar themes along with adjacent paintings such as Davenport's Conclusion and Perspectile Adjustment Regiment. Although the neutral expressions of the athlete still repeat within this painting as well, the artist brings attention to the tank top on which he collaged a newspaper article depicting two Black men wrestling against each other. The painting is thus transformed into a statement about the ways in which images of Black masculinity are categorized and circulated within various forms of news media, bringing into relief the oftentimes problematic connotation of athleticism attributed to men of African descent.


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PUNE: The Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) will launch the third phase of its research project to check the feasibility of cloud seeding in the rain shadow areas of Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka, in mid-July. During the earlier phases, the IITM has gathered data on clouds and has carried out observations. The third phase will help identify rain-bearing clouds.
The programme, titled Cloud-Aerosol Interaction and Precipitation Enhancement Experiment (CAIPEEX), will facilitate research work to check the types of clouds and suitability of cloud seeding for the peninsular areas. The programme was launched in 2009, but last year it could not take place due to delay in tendering process and other legal issues.
The third phase of the project will focus on cloud seeding assessment in the rain shadow regions. The programme will study ingredients inside clouds that are responsible for rainfall. As part of the experiment, a specially equipped airplane, carrying scientists, did sorties to collect primary information.
"Earlier we have been studying the clouds with the help of instruments either placed on the ground or placed in space (on satellites). But the current project helps us study cloud from inside," said J R Kulkarni, a senior scientist and coordinator of the project. "The focus will be on key uncertainties in aerosol distribution and rain formation processes. A series of questions regarding interaction between aerosol-cloud-precipitation will be addressed," he said.
Kulkarni said the study will be conducted during pre-monsoon, monsoon as well as post-monsoon periods. The main centre of the study will be in Hyderabad.


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Home > News > Terahertz rays see into the nanoworld
October 23rd, 2003
Terahertz rays see into the nanoworld
A new form of imaging that could be particularly valuable in medicine can be used to see nanoscale objects, US researchers report. Terahertz (THz) promises an alternative to techniques such as X-ray, magnetic-resonance and ultrasound imaging, being potentially cheaper, safer, more detailed and more penetrating. All this makes it very attractive for studying body tissue, to look at, say, wound healing or tumor development..
NanoInk, Inc. Assets To Be Sold May 18th, 2013
Beautiful "flowers" self-assemble in a beaker: Elaborate nanostructures blossom from a chemical reaction perfected at Harvard May 17th, 2013
Scientists capture first direct proof of Hofstadter butterfly effect May 17th, 2013
DNA-Guided Assembly Yields Novel Ribbon-Like Nanostructures: Approach could be useful in fabricating new kinds of materials with engineered properties May 16th, 2013


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Ajrak block printing
Ajrak is a name given to a unique form of block-printed shawls and tiles found in Sind. These shawls display special designs and patterns made using block printing by stamps. Common colors used while making these patterns are not limited. Over the years, ajraks have become a symbol of the Sindhi culture and traditions.


How Does Baby Feel?
Karen Katz, Author, Karen Katz, Illustrator
Karen Katz. Little Simon, $6.99 (14p) ISBN 978-1-4424-5204-6
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Readers can guess the emotions that six rosy-cheeked babies are feeling in various situations in this characteristically well-executed lift-the-flap book from Katz. "Baby wants milk and crackers," Katz writes in the first scene, as an African-American baby in a floral top and diaper reaches for her bottle and a tray of goodies. "How does baby feel?" The answer appears underneath a large flap that lifts vertically and shows the same baby happily chowing down in her high chair. The formula repeats as Katz's babies demonstrate feeling happy, sad, silly, sleepy, and loved. A tidy and effective introduction to familiar emotions. Ages 1–4. (Jan.)
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THE TECHNIQUE : SERAPE
The serape is a universally recognized symbol of Mexico - colorful and versatile, this beautiful textile has a rich history and tradition that continues today. Originally, serapes were intended as an inexpensive piece of outerwear, worn over the shoulders as a poncho or shawl. Serapes originated with the Chichimec people of Coahuila, in northeastern Mexico. Serapes are still made in that region today, but have made their way into modern Mexican culture and history.
The word "serape" refers to the traditional striped weave of the blanket, which is woven into the soft cotton on a hand loom. The vibrant colors are a result of hand-dying each fiber before weaving them together. The largest stripe is the primary color, and is complemented with smaller stripes throughout the weave. The vibrant colors and beautiful weaving reflect traditional Mexican techniques and the rich history that accompanies them.
Camaxtli is comprised of 13 artisans in San Bernardino Contla in Tlaxcala, Mexico. They masterfully weave beautiful serapes using traditional techniques and designs that originate from the community of Saltillo. Camaxtli helps these artisans find an outlet for their product and reach a broader audience. By making the serapes, the artisans are able to earn an income and preserve a cultural heritage that connects them to their roots.


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This technique summons a small, gourd-shaped toad, called a "Gourd Toad" (瓢箪蝦蟇, Hyōtan Gama), a unique species of toad indigenous to Mount Myōboku. By using the toad's tongue to drag in whatever it wraps around, his technique is best used to capture and isolate a victim dragging them into the toad's stomach. Isolated from the outside world by a barrier, the space inside the Gourd Toad's stomach is far larger than the surface size of the Gourd Toad itself.
The environment inside the toad's stomach is a cavernous chamber, which includes a lake of strong corrosive gastric acid that can dissolve anything that should happen to fall into it, along with shores around the acid lake, and formations sticking out of the lake; the already-existing structures within the Toad's stomach are seemingly unaffected by the acid lake. Once trapped inside, an opponent is cut off from any allies and susceptible to attack, and can then be easily defeated.


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Cryocap™ H2 – Cryogenic CO2 Separation
Cryocap™ H2 – Cryogenic CO2 Separation
CO2 capture in hydrogen plants
Using its extensive experience in hydrogen plants, Air Liquide Engineering & Construction has developed a technology that captures the CO2 released during hydrogen production. Cryocap™ H2 is the object of several patent applications and can deliver significant cost savings for clients. Furthermore, it is the only technique that reduces the amount of CO2 released during the production process while simultaneously increasing hydrogen production.
Condensation, distillation and pressurization
Used to capture CO2 in hydrogen production plants, Cryocap™ H2 involves compressing and drying offgas from the production process and sending it to a cryogenic unit. Partial condensation and distillation techniques are then applied to separate the CO2 from other components. As a result, a pure and pressurized CO2 flow is produced by the cold box.
Non-condensed gases are recycled through a membrane system to recover H2 and further CO2, and any residual gas is sent to burners in the reformer furnace. Finally, the resulting CO2 product is compressed to supercritical pressure or liquefied and stored in liquid storage.
Depending on customer requirements, an additional purification phase may be undertaken on a catalytic bed in order to burn remaining hydrocarbons and alcohols. Through this method, food-grade quality can be achieved.
 - Reduced CO2 emissions help improve environmental footprint
 - H2 production increased by up to 20%
 - The lowest cost of CO2 capture in hydrogen production plants (in particular compared to amines washing)
 - Adapted to both Greenfield and Brownfield H2 plants
 - Technology fully validated at industrial scale on a 50 000 Nm3/h H2 plant
Key figures
 - Capacity: 300 to 2 000 tons per day
 - H2 production: 10-20% increase
Cryocap H2


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How to Play Sweeper in Soccer
If you're serious about playing, then you need to know how to play sweeper in soccer. In soccer, the sweeper plays a critical role in a diamond-defense formation. Learning how to play sweeper in soccer necessitates knowledge of individual responsibility and how to effectively work with two outside backs and a stopper.
- Know the role. When learning how to play sweeper in soccer, it is important to know that this position is the last line of defense between the opposition and your goalkeeper. If a striker gets by the sweeper, it's likely one-on-one with the keeper.
- Know the formation. Understand that in a diamond formation the sweeper plays directly behind the stopper and in between the outer backs.
- Know the movement. Note that the sweeper's role largely necessitates patrolling horizontally along the defensive wall. Knowing how to play sweeper in soccer will mean moving up and down field as the run of play moves, but largely staying back, tracking horizontally and staying in the center of the field.
- Pinch opponent's angles. A key element of learning how to play sweeper in soccer is knowing how to direct the opposition away from the center of the field: especially the center of the penalty box. If a player is attacking from the left side of the penalty box, the sweeper would be positioned just inside, making space for the player to move towards the touchline but giving no room to cut closer inside to goal.
- Defend against dribbling. Learning how to play sweeper in soccer means being able to defend the dribble. If an opponent is a superior dribbler, giving that player too much space to move might cost your team a goal. Mark or attack the player closely.
- Beware of the through ball. Dealing with midfielders passing balls through your defense to a quick striker poses real problems. In addition to closing off the striker's angle towards the center of the field, the sweeper will have to contend with someone who is purely faster. In this case, anticipation will play a role. As a pass is delivered, move towards and slightly bump into the striker, then run back for the ball. This will knock the striker off balance temporarily, giving the sweeper the advantage.
- Don't mark an opponent. To learn how to play sweeper in soccer it will be important to understand that marking an opponent man-to-man is only a last choice tactic. The sweeper must attack the ball, being the rear guard, and this will mean leaving the marked opponent open.


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Econometric black art
Recently, Kasia has jointed our team to strengthen econometric part of GRAPE and right away presented her latest paper (joint work with Grant Hillier). Paper presents new approaches to testing for exogeneity in non-parametric models with discrete regressors and instruments. The interest of authors is in learning about an unknown structural (conditional mean) function. An interesting feature of these models is that under endogeneity the identifying power of a discrete instrument depends on the number of support points of the instruments relative to that of the regressors, a result driven by the discreteness of the variables. Observing that the simple nonparametric additive error model can be interpreted as a linear regression, we present two test-statistics. For the point identifying model, the test is an adapted version of the standard Wu-Hausman approach. This extends the work of Blundell and Horowitz (2007) to the case of discrete regressors and instruments. For the set identifying model, the Wu-Hausman approach is not available. In this case the test-statistic is derived from a constrained minimization problem. The asymptotic distributions of the test-statistics are derived under the null and fixed and local alternatives. The tests are shown to be consistent, and a simulation study reveals that the proposed tests have satisfactory finite-sample properties.


. 24/7 Space News.
Father of flying fish found in China: palaeontologists
by Staff Writers
Paris (AFP) Oct 31, 2012
Palaeontologists in China said Wednesday they had found the world's oldest flying fish, a strange, snub-nosed creature that glided over water in a bid to evade predators some 240 million years ago.
Fossils in Chinese museum collections have been dusted off, dated and categorised to reveal that the flying fish is a much older creature than thought, the palaeontologists wrote in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B.
A specimen named Potanichthys xingyiensis lived in the Middle Triassic period between 235 million and 242 million years ago and is up to 27 million years older than the previous record-holder, a species found in Europe, said the study.
The Triassic geological period predated the Jurassic some 200 million to 150 million years ago, when dinosaurs thrived.
P. xingyiensis presents "the earliest evidence of over-water gliding in vertebrates," co-author Guang-Hui Xu of the Institute of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Palaeoanthropology in China told AFP.
It was already gliding some 80 million years before the emergence of birds, which are thought to be the descendants of small feathery dinosaurs.
Scientists believe that flying fish evolved out of a need to flee attack from predators.
The newly named specimen was only 15 centimetres (six inches) long and had four "wings" -- two big, adapted pectoral fins and a smaller, auxiliary pelvic pair.
The fish had a large, forked tail fin that may have been used to launch it for over-water gliding.
Xu said this was the first flying fish ever to be found in Asia from the prehistoric Triassic period, a time when the super-continent Pangaea was starting to break up into the different landmasses we know today.
The only other Triassic flying fish hitherto known were somewhat younger and came from Austria and Italy.
Potanichthys xingyiensis is a composite term meaning "winged fish of Xingyi", the Chinese city near which the fossil was found.
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the non-freezing rain storm could not have caused any ice due to the high temperatures.
Because summary judgment on a snow or ice case requires both climatological data and expert opinion, the defendant's motion for summary judgment failed. Therefore, the lower court erred in granting the motion. The lower court's order is reversed, and the complaint is reinstated.
If you or a loved one was injured in a slip-and-fall after a storm, please contact the New York slip-and-fall expert attorneys at Gallivan & Gallivan to discuss your case today.
Rodriguez v Woods, 2014 NYSlipOp 06887
January 13, 2015
Diving Board Liability and the Assumption of Risk
This post discusses a personal injury concept that, while at times confusing, often plays an integral role in determining liability: assumption of risk. Assumption of risk is a defense in a personal injury action in which a defendant claims that the plaintiff voluntarily undertook an activity with the knowledge that there is an inherent danger of suffering an injury while partaking in such an activity. As such, the defendant should not be held responsible if that injury does in fact occur.
To many, the concept of assumption of risk gained notoriety due in part to a famous decision written by Judge Benjamin Cardozo, at the time chief justice of the New York State Court of Appeals. The case was Murphy v. Steeplechase, 250 NY 479, but is often colloquially referred to as "the Flopper case." In 1929, Coney Island featured a ride known as the Flopper. We can only go by Judge Cardozo's descriptions in the decision, but the Flopper appears to have been a kind of long walkway/maze wherein the floor and walls and "flopped" about, causing riders to lose their balance in what presumably was a humorous and thrilling manner. Plaintiff, a "vigorous young man," fractured his knee cap on the ride, presumably from flopping about and eventually falling to the ground. He lost his lawsuit against the ride owners, with Judge Cardozo noting that, "One who takes part in such a sport accepts the dangers that inhere in it so far as they are obvious and necessary, just as a fencer accepts the risk of a thrust by his antagonist or a spectator at a ball game the chance of contact with the ball."
baseball crowd.jpgThe reference to sports is an appropriate one - the doctrine of assumption of risk has evolved greatly since this decision, particularly in the area of amusement park liability. Where the doctrine still has its greatest bite is in the area of sports liability. It is this very doctrine that has stifled the efforts of those who have been hit and injured by wayward balls at baseball games to be compensated for their injuries. Amusement parks are now far less likely to be protected by the doctrine of assumption of risk, the modern thinking being that people enjoy rides specifically because they do not believe there is any chance of being injured.
That said, assumption of risk doesn't only exist in the context of sporting events. In the recent Suffolk County personal injury case Freeman v. Village of Hempstead, 2014 NY Slip Op 06298, the plaintiff was injured when he fell off a diving board at a public pool. The defendant argued that the plaintiff assumed the risk of falling off when he got on the diving board. On its face, this argument seems reasonable. It did not win the day, however, and here we see a slight twist on the assumption of risk doctrine. The plaintiff alleged that the treads on the diving board, which are standard and meant to create some traction to reduce the risk of slipping and falling, were worn away and thus defective, and that the plaintiff did not assume this risk - only the risk of slipping and falling from a properly maintained diving board. This argument was successful, with the court finding that the defendant did not overcome its burden of showing that the lack of properly maintained treads on the board did not increase the risk of falling beyond what was assumed by the plaintiff.
The takeaway here is that a potential plaintiff should not assume that they assumed a risk by virtue of the activity they were partaking in when that injury occurred. Speak with a personal injury lawyer - they should be able to help inform you as to whether such an injury deserves compensation.
December 4, 2014
New York Personal Injury: Who Owes a Duty?
As we've discussed before on this blog, personal injury liability is determined in a manner that (in theory at least) resembles a checklist. Did the defendant owe a duty to the plaintiff? Check. Did the defendant breach that duty? Check. Did the breach of that duty cause harm to the plaintiff? Check. Duty, breach, causation, and harm: the four checkpoints of tort liability.
The above makes this all sound easy when in fact, in actual lawsuits, it is anything but. In this post, we will examine a legal concept relating specifically to the duty element. How do we know when a duty is owed to another? As we'll see, this also implicates the concept of causation - how far do courts extend "blame" for the actions undertaken by a defendant in a personal injury suit?
snowy lot.jpgThe case of Espinal v. Melville Contractors, an important 2002 action decided by the New York State Court of Appeals, helps to explain the concept of duty. The facts are fairly simple: the plaintiff, Ms. Espinal, slipped and fell in the parking lot of her employer, Miltope Corporation. Ms. Espinal sued Melville Snow Contractors, the company hired to plow the lot. The issue before the Court was whether Melville owed a duty to Ms. Espinal, which would be necessary for a finding of liability. Or did Melville's duty only extend to its client, Miltope Corporation, with whom it had signed a contract?
Generalizing a bit, the principle we're discussing here is useful when, for one reason or another, a plaintiff wishes to bring suit against a so-called "third party" - not the owner of the premises or property that caused your injury, but someone in contract with that person. For example: you get severe food poisoning from popcorn served to you by a movie theater. You soon learn that the theatre itself is bankrupt, so suing them may be an exercise in futility. But the popcorn maker, a different company than the theatre, is not. May you sue the popcorn maker?
The Espinal court identifies three situations where a plaintiff can seek damages from a third party, all having to do with the extent of the contractual undertaking by said third party. The greater the contractual duty assumed by the third party, the easier it will be to prove that the third party is liable to the plaintiff.
Espinal is an example of the law working as we would expect it to. As the Court makes clear, when a plaintiff has relied on the continued proper performance by the third party, that plaintiff should be able to sue the third party if that proper performance ceases or becomes deficient. Similarly, if the third party has essentially replaced the owner or "first party defendant," they will also be assuming certain liabilities. To bring us back to the movie theatre analogy, if a company rented out and operated every aspect of the theater without owning it, they would be liable for the selling of bad, sick-making popcorn.
As for Ms. Espinal, she unfortunately was unsuccessful. The court looked to the contract between the owners of the property where Ms. Espinal fell, and the snow removal company, which has agreed to remove snow and/or lay salt only when very specific conditions were met. Notably, the contract did not simply say, "We will keep your property snow-free, 24/7." If it did, there's a good chance Ms. Espinal would have prevailed.
If you feel that an individual or property owner has breached a duty causing an injury to you, or you think you may need to speak with a personal injury lawyer about an Espinal-like situation you have suffered, please contact our offices. We are happy to assist.
December 4, 2014
Liability for Sidewalk Accidents: Continued
In a previous post, we went over the laws governing which party is liable when a plaintiff trips and falls on a defective sidewalk in the City of New York. Brief review: NYC's Sidewalk Law places liability on "abutting" property owners - those who own the land next to that portion of the sidewalk - with exceptions for one, two, or three family homeowners where the homeowner also resides in the building. (In fact, the excepted homeowners can simply call the City up to perform sidewalk or tree repairs on their property). Here, we will examine ways in which the law treats differently certain features of sidewalks: trees and "tree wells," grates, and covers of certain other objects like cable boxes.
city tree.jpgIt makes sense that liability for negligently maintained tree wells (the little area housing one of New York City's ubiquitous sidewalk trees) is treated differently than liability for the sidewalk as a whole. A business owner, after all, relies on the presence of that sidewalk to give his customers a way to enter his place of business - he benefits directly from the presence of the sidewalk and as such, has an interest in making sure his section of it is well maintained and safe, even if he doesn't "own" that section. But a tree (for one example) is a bit different: the City likely planted that tree, or it was there before an owner bought the building, and that tree is doing little, if anything at all, to benefit the building owner.
As a brief but interesting aside: any building owner in fact can call up the


text: Tempo is a declarative concurrent programming language based on classical first-order logic. It improves on traditional concurrent logic programming languages (e.g., Parlog) by explicitly specifying aspects of the behaviour of concurrent programs, namely their safety properties. This provides great advantages in writing concurrent programs and manipulating them while preserving correctness. The language has a procedural interpretation that allows the specification to be executed, also concurrently. Tempo is sufficiently high-level to simulate practical concurrent programming paradigms, and can act as a common framework in which algorithms for a variety of paradigms may be expressed, compared, and manipulated.


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Purpose: To assess referrals from primary care practitioners to an ophthalmological practice in order to determine whether any differences exist between the two primary care groups in the types of conditions referred, and in concurrence between reasons for referral and ophthalmological diagnosis.
Methods: This study investigated patient referrals from general practitioners and optometrists to an ophthalmologist's practice in Belfast, over a period of 3 months from January 2007 to the end of March 2007. Anonymised data were divided into two groups depending on the referring practitioner. Within the two groups, patient numbers were sub-divided into 15 categories covering the range of diagnoses made. Preliminary diagnoses or reasons for referral were compared with the definitive diagnoses made by the ophthalmologist.
Results: Optometrists contributed the greatest number of referrals (323) with 243 patients referred by general practitioners. Cataract was the most common condition referred by optometrists, and the second most common condition referred by general practitioners: agreement with ophthalmological diagnosis was high for both groups of primary care practitioners. Concurrence of referral reason with ophthalmological diagnosis for glaucoma was lower for general practitioners (56%) than for optometrists (76%), but optometrists referred more false positive patients for glaucoma than did general practitioners. The opposite was true for lid/tear duct/conjunctival conditions, the most common basis for referral by general practitioners.
Conclusions: The differences between the two primary care practitioner groups may reflect variations in training, skills and practice. Further investigation of the particular strengths of both groups, and how they can be optimised to promote effective shared care, is required.


text:
Passions–political and otherwise–fly in this, the second novel in Fletcher's Carolina Series. Against a local backdrop of political and religious dissent and conflict with the Tuscaroras, the action in this novel reminds readers how connected the Carolina colony was to England in this period. The novel opens in 1710 as three men contend for the governorship of the fledgling colony. Three women pull at the heartstrings of the main character, wealthy planter Roger Mainwairing. Mainwairing had planned to marry a young bride from England, but his attention is diverted by the mysterious exile Lady Mary, who may or may not be the illegitimate daughter of an English king.
Check this title's availability in the UNC-Chapel Hill Library catalog.


text: excited about change and renewal. Statement of the Problem Schools often understand the need for change, but they need a unifying theme and body of knowledge to direct that change so that it is not done piecemeal. The Basic School research 13 offers a potential solution for that problem by presenting a theoretical framework for school renewal and change. Purpose of the Study The purpose of this study is to examine the experiences of one elementary school in implementing the framework identified by Ernest Boyer in his Basic School research. Research Questions The following questions were considered in this inquiry: 1. How does an elementary school implement the Basic School's organizational framework into its existing program? 2. How does an elementary school begin to assess itself against a Basic School model to determine where additional attention would need to be paid? 3. What trends might emerge from this implementation which would provide information other schools could use as they implement the Basic School framework? Significance of the Study This study will provide details of how one school applied the Basic School framework including the problems and successes encountered. Thus, after reading this study, other schools could more effectively design the implementation process for their settings. The experiences of this school could lead to the development of a model generalizable to other schools who are implementing the research.


The potential ramifications of Brexit on personal injury claims
March 2019 is the expected date that the UK will sever all ties with the EU. Already, we have such uncertainty throughout our economic and political sectors that it's difficult to determine how this divorce will affect key areas of law and business.
Experts predict everyone will feel the impact of Brexit in 2019. But since many of our health and safety laws are connected with EU regulations and directives, could personal injury claims be one of the main areas affected?
Looking into how UK lawyers, clients and practices might change post-Brexit is law firm Tilly Bailey and Irvine — experts in medical negligence claims.
What is the current situation with EU directives and regulations?
Many people aren't completely clear on what exactly EU directives and regulations are. To start, we'll look at directives. Essentially, EU directives are legal acts and laws aimed at EU member states. Once enacted, every nation that is part of the EU must make them national law by a stated deadline. What does this mean for the UK? EU directives have been turned into laws using Statutory Instruments. This is a process that means the government isn't required to create a new piece of law and get it passed through parliament every time a new legal act is created.
Contrastingly, EU regulations are more specific than directives. EU regulations are basically the minimum requirements and fundamental principles that members of the EU must follow once the legal acts are instated.
What are the main EU regulations and directives that could affect personal injury claims?
There are several EU regulations and directives in the UK. The main ones are:
Suffering an accident or injury abroad
When residents of the UK go abroad, whether travelling or on holiday, many rely on the European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) scheme. At the moment, this gives those from the UK the right to access state-provided healthcare whenever they are temporarily situated somewhere else in the European Economic Area. Approximately 27 million EHIC cards have been issued across the UK to date, so changes to this will be felt countrywide. EHIC cards are helpful in times when someone in the UK has an accident in a EU Member State, regardless of the extent of their travel insurance cover.
The EHIC scheme is very handy for giving UK citizens help and peace of mind when abroad in the EU, but there is also another law from the European "Sixth Directive" 2009. This helps passport holders of an EU country who have had an accident in an EU member nation which was caused by an uninsured driver. If an incident like this occurs, the person from the UK can make a claim and request compensation through the UK's Motor Insurers Bureau (MIB). As a result, a process is started where the MIB seeks reimbursement from the equivalent office that is set up in the country where the accident took place.
Health and Safety at Work Act (1974)
A fundamental directive, the 1974 Health and Safety Work Act guarantees the nation's basic safety and health requirements for employees and employers across the EU. Companies operating within the EU must put in place certain safeguards to protect workers and visitors on a site or workplace. The groundwork for the 1974 Health and Safety at Work Act came from The European Framework Directive on Safety and Health at Work.
Consumer Protection Act (1987)
In the 1980s, the Consumer Protection Act came into force to ensure and improve product safety for buyers across the political union. This means that people paying for goods and services in the UK are protected. The Consumer Protection Act 1987, and its associated regulations, was passed as a result of an EU directive from 1985 — which ensured strict liability for producers of substandard products.
The after-effects of the EU divorce on personal injury claims
We hope that the divorce in 2019 is not as chaotic as many predict. However, this depends on the government's ability to negotiate the best leaving terms with the EU. A huge factor affecting the UK's future stability will be the replacement of EU directives and regulations. The prime minister and their cabinet must have in place appropriate UK laws to take over from the former EU laws. However, the public shouldn't worry too much. Until any such motion is made, nothing will change — old European laws will not instantly stop being relevant just because the UK is no longer a part of the EU.
Positively, things are looking good for the personal injury claim sector specifically. There's evidence that those in power have already broached the subject of Brexit's impact. This has come in the form of the EHIC scheme, where there has been a deal in principle agreed by negotiators in Brussels at the end of August this year, which involved David Davis, the Brexit Secretary. Essentially, this agreement outlines that a British pensioner who has retired in another EU country and then travels to another EU nation for holidays can still use their EHIC card whenever they need medical attention. Although this does not include everyone, this move is a positive indicator for the future of the EHIC scheme.
Overall, nobody knows how Brexit will truly affect personal injury claims and the legal experts who must deal with them. But hopefully, the more discussions and negotiations that take place, the clearer we'll be on what to expect. For now, how UK residents will make personal injury claims post-Brexit and how lawyers will be able to assist their clients, remains uncertain.


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This is the reason most of the software is available on ZIP file extension. The wide applications of this tool thus need serious protection otherwise a greater extent of information compressed in a ZIP file can be misused if fallen into wrong hands.
Here in this article, we would demonstrate few methods to create password protected ZIP file. Keep reading to know the methods in details.
- Method 1: To Create Password Protected ZIP file in Windows XP
- Method 2: Make A Password Protected ZIP File with 7-Zip Utility
- Method 3: Password Protect Your ZIP File with WINRAR
Method #1: To Create Password Protected ZIP file in Windows XP
The ZIP file password protection feature is available on Windows XP, unlike Windows Vista or Windows 7 which do not include the feature. Thus at one point, XP is more convenient to add the password to your ZIP files. Follow the instructions below to know how to add the password to your compressed files:
Step 1. Turn on Windows XP PC, and locate the desired ZIP file from the My Computer or Windows Explorer.
Step 2. Double-click the file to open it. Click "File" button from the menu bar.
Step 3. From the context menu that appears, click on "Add a Password" option.
Step 4. From the following pop up window, input your password twice for confirmation and then click "Ok".
Step 5. If you further wish to disable the password protection, simply go to the "File" option again, and choose "Remove Password" (Decryption) from the context menu.
The above-mentioned method is only restricted to Windows XP operating system. Thus for windows 7 or later version, you may need to look at from a different angle.
Method 2: Make A Password Protected ZIP File with 7-Zip Utility
Unlike Windows XP, the later versions of Windows do not have the inbuilt feature to add a password to ZIP files, therefore free third-party file compression utility would be required. 7-Zip utility is one of those free file compression programs that can easily encrypt a file with a password at one go. Read the instructions below to add the password.
Step 1. Before you start with the procedure, make sure that you have the utility installed on your computer and choose the program wisely depending upon whether the OS is 32-bit or 64-bit.
Step 2. Now; once you have completed this much, right click on the folder you want to compress into a password protected ZIP file.
Step 3. From the context menu, select "7-Zip" and then select "Add to archive".
Step 4. Now; in the "Add to archive" panel, type a name next to the archive section or prefer to keep its default name.
Step 5. Choose "zip" as the archive format.
Step 6. Go to the encryption box on the right-hand side of the panel, and enter your password in the "Enter password" box and input it again in the "Re-enter password" box.
Step 7. After you have done this much, click "OK" to finish the procedure.
However, sometimes you may forget your ZIP file password and locked out of your ZIP file, Even so, you can still have the chance to unlock your ZIP password without losing the original data. Just try ZIP password recovery tool.
Method 3: Password Protect Your ZIP File with WINRAR
WINRAR is another free utility which can create password-protected ZIP files like the 7-Zip. Read below to know the method description.
Step 1.Make sure you have got WINRAR program properly installed on your system.
Step 2.Select the folder you want to password protect and right-click on it.
Step 3.From the sub-menu, click "Add to archive".
Step 4. From the following "Archive name and parameters" operating window, choose the "General" tab.
Step 5. Keep a name next to the archive section, or you can prefer the default name also. Select "zip" in the "Archive format" and then click on "Set password" button.
Step 6.You have to enter your password twice for confirmation and then click "OK" and then click "OK" again.
Once the password is set, you cannot open it unless the right password is entered by the user.
Large size files or software cannot be shared without compressing to smaller sizes. Thus most of the confidential data is transferred in the ZIP file extension. Hence such important files need to be password protected otherwise can be exploited. The main issue with a password-protected zipped file is that anyone can still open the zipped file and can read the file names that they can easily search on the internet and download it. It is true that they won't be able to open the file without entering the password but even if you know the name of the file then they can be easily searched on Google and information can be retrieved easily.


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Bakers and Basques
A Social History of Bread in Mexico
Publication Year: 2012
Mexico City's colorful panaderías (bakeries) have long been vital neighborhood institutions. They were also crucial sites where labor, subsistence, and politics collided. From the 1880s well into the twentieth century, Basque immigrants dominated the bread trade, to the detriment of small Mexican bakers. By taking us inside the panadería, into the heart of bread strikes, and through government halls, Robert Weis reveals why authorities and organized workers supported the so-called Spanish monopoly in ways that countered the promises of law and ideology. He tells the gritty story of how class struggle and the politics of food shaped the state and the market. More than a book about bread, Bakers and Basques places food and labor at the center of the upheavals in Mexican history from independence to the aftermath of the Mexican Revolution.
Published by: University of New Mexico Press
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Financial support for the research and writing of this book came from the University of California Institute for Mexico and the United States (UC MEXUS), the Reed Smith Fellowship, the UC Davis History Department, the Jarena D. Wright Scholarship, the UC Davis Hemispheric Institute on the Americas,...
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A young bakery worker, maybe ten years old, appears in a photograph from 1930. He stands in the passage that divides the retail section of the panadería (bakery) from the workroom in back. Thin and dark, he is dressed in an apron and cloth hairnet and looks at the camera somewhat timidly out of the corner of his eye,...
1: "Zelo y desvelo": The Bread Monopoly and Late Colonial Market Reforms
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A black slave, owned by Hernán Cortés, allegedly planted Mexico's first wheat after he found three grains at the bottom of a rice sack. A single grain yielded 180; soon, wrote the sixteenth-century chronicler Francisco López de Gómara, "there was infinite wheat." Cortés established the Santo Domingo Mill...
2: "A system that offends the hands of brothers": Small Bakers and the Free Market in Independent Mexico
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The leaders of independent Mexico explicitly followed the late Bourbon model of free market with limited government oversight. They continued the search for a balance between releasing the supposedly innate dynamism of competition and curbing the equally innate greed of merchants and producers....
3: "An uncle in America": Chain Migration and the Spanish Monopoly
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Few Spaniards took part in the "invasion of pastry chefs" of the 1850s. But a decade later, immigrants from northern Spain, particularly the Basque province of Navarre, slowly began to arrive in Mexico City and venture into the bread trade. By the 1890s, they had become owners of most of the city's panaderías....
4: "Dough Kneaded with Blood"
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Gendarme No. 905 was at his downtown post near the Plazuela Aguilita around 11:30 p.m. when he heard a tremendous crash and a voice calling for help. He ran down the street and entered La Florida, the flour mill that Pedro Albaitero and José Arrache had established the year before....
5: "We have no bread": Hunger, Opportunity, and War
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At the high point of the revolution's violence, in fall of 1915, Coronel Ignacio C. Enríquez, interim president of Mexico City, ordered his subaltern Pablo des Georges to take the next day's train to San Andrés Chalchicomula, Puebla, where he was to pick up four thousand cargas (around 710 tons)...
6: The Bakers' Revolution
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The bakers' revolution began in 1915, when the civil war brought the worst misery on the city, five years after the initial outbreak of violence in other parts of the country. It was no accident that bakers formed their union while residents were suffering hunger. Workers, who felt the crisis disproportionately,...
7: Unionists, Tlalchicholes, and Canasteros
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The Spanish monopoly had proven itself to be an essential partner of the governments that emerged in the revolution and its aftermath. Hunger coincided with the brutal factional battles, and the government's ability to see that people were fed became a crucial sign of political legitimacy....
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In the mural in the Abelardo L. Rodríguez Market, chubby capitalists count money they have extracted from workers whom artificial scarcities have reduced to walking skeletons. Placed anywhere else, the mural would be a simple denunciation of inequality, an accusation that the rich profited from the hunger of the poor....
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Page Count: 232
Illustrations: 5 halftones, 6 tables
Publication Year: 2012