text:
When it comes to operating, installing, maintaining, repairing or simply understanding your assets, there are a wide array of methods to communicate this information. The Content Manager App enables a range of multimedia content, including text and pictures, PDF's, videos and CAD files, to be organised and made readily available for viewing. This content can be linked to other parts of VPVision so users can easily navigate between, for example, a service event to the servicing instructions or video demonstration. Content is viewable on mobile and tablet, so is easily accessed in the field.
- Admins can add, remove and edit content using a powerful interface.
- Add photos, videos, text, CAD files and PDF's.
- Organise content in to categories.
- Search for content by tags or key-words.
- Users can rate content and leave feedback to identify improvement areas.
- Users can bookmark content for regular viewing or to come back to.
- Content is compatible with PC, tablet or phone – for out of office viewing.
- Link specific training pages to other relevant areas of VPVision for easy navigation.
Get in Touch
Unit 7 Greenford Park, Ockham Drive, Greenford London UB6 0FD
+44 (0)208 8130 850


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Basically that is the question - if we have a DVI file can we get on the base on it the original TeX file?
share|improve this question
no, that is not possible. – Herbert Mar 4 '12 at 17:39
It is comparable to the task of decomposing a once baked cake into its ingredients. – Thorsten Donig Nov 11 '12 at 8:42
add comment
4 Answers
The simple answer is no. If you have a dvi and have lost the TeX there are tools such as dvi2tty which will extract the text and some of the paragraph structure, but in general you will have to add the markup back by hand.
share|improve this answer
add comment
Somewhat alike to disassembling a compiled executable: Yes, technically it can be done - but you will lose much of the information that was contained in the original TeX source.
For example, the DVI contains the text "see also chapter 11.2".
You might be able to turn this into text again, but the information that this was originally written as see also chapter \ref{sec:FooBar} is irrevocably lost.
Since this is the case, I don't think anyone has ever made the effort to write such a DVI-to-text converter, since the usability of such text would be severly limited.
share|improve this answer
add comment
No, technically it cannot be done. DVI, PDF and postscript contain text arranged on a page according to instructions in a (La)TeX document. You can extract the text, and you can try to guess at commands that would generate a similar page, and you might even guess well. But you'd be doing it by matching the result. If there is a number in the text, for example, you can never know for sure if it was typed literally or came from a TeX counter. Imagine eating a cake and trying to reconstruct the recipe: If you're good you can identify the ingredients and guess a lot about what was done, but the recipe itself is not in the cake.
Despite what some others said, it's not at all like disassembling: Executable code contains the algorithm, and disassembly just translates it to a human-readable language. Going from dvi to LaTeX is more like trying to reconstruct a C program from its output: Reverse engineering is a better term for it.
share|improve this answer
add comment
PS files would be tremendously difficult to convert back to TeX.
With DVI files I think it would at least be partially possible. Of course all high-level macros and stuff like that would be lost. Compare the task to recovering, e.g., C++ code from a compiled binary file.
share|improve this answer
add comment
Your Answer


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Suppose $f,g \in \mathbb{C}[z]$ are polynomials with $\text{deg } g - \text{deg } f \geq 2$. Is it true that $\int_{-\infty}^{\infty} e^{iz}f(z)/g(z) dx = 0$, where $z = x + iy$ and $y > \text{Im}(\alpha)$ for any root $\alpha$ of $g$? If so, how does one prove this? By the residue theorem and an easy estimate it follows that this integral does not depend on $y$ as long as it is above all the poles, so perhaps we could exploit this fact?
share|improve this question
add comment
3 Answers
A better way of saying this: $\displaystyle \int_L e^{iz} \dfrac{f(z)}{g(z)}\ dz = 0$ where $L$ is the line $\{x+Iy: x \in {\mathbb R}\}$ and $\text{Im}(\alpha) < y$ for all roots $\alpha$ of $g$.
It is indeed true. Consider a closed contour $\Gamma$ consisting of the segment $\Gamma_1$ of $C$ from $x=-R$ to $x=R$ and the arc $\Gamma_2$ of the circle of radius $\sqrt{R^2 + y^2}$ above this segment. Since $|f(z)/g(z)| = O(|z|^{-2})$ as $|z| \to \infty$ while $|e^{iz}| = e^{-\text{Im}(z)} \le e^{-y}$ on $\Gamma_2$, and $\Gamma_2$ has length $O(R)$, the integral over $\Gamma_2$ goes to $0$ as $R \to \infty$. Using Cauchy's Theorem, the integral over $\Gamma_1$ also goes to $0$, which says $\displaystyle \int_L e^{iz} \dfrac{f(z)}{g(z)}\ dz = 0$.
share|improve this answer
add comment
Consider closing the contour along a semicircle in the upper half-plane. By assumption there are no poles inside the contour, so the integral over the closed contour must vanish. But the integral over the semicircle vanishes, so the original integral must also vanish.
Addendum: Shift the integral over the semicircle, let $\zeta = z-iy$, so $\zeta = R e^{i\theta}$, where $\theta\in[0,\pi]$. This introduces an unimportant factor of $e^{-y}$. We can now apply Jordan's lemma, which tells us that the absolute value of the integral over the semicircle is bounded by $$\pi e^{-y} \max_{\theta\in[0,\pi]} \left| \frac{f(Re^{i\theta}+iy)}{g(Re^{i\theta}+iy)}\right|.$$ By assumption, $|f/g| \sim 1/R^2$ at worst. Therefore, the integral over the semicircle vanishes in the limit.
share|improve this answer
Why does the integral over the semicircle vanish? I don't think this is literally true, although it should tend to zero as the radius grows. – Justin Campbell Jul 4 '12 at 1:39
_USER_: Hi Justin, see my edit. In the limit $\lim_{R\to\infty}$ it really does vanish! – user26872 Jul 4 '12 at 2:57
add comment
up vote 0 down vote accepted
My apologies to the people who have already answered, but I found a way which does not involve any difficult estimates: take a rectangular contour above the poles and let the vertical edges go off to infinity. By Cauchy's theorem the integral around this loop is $0$, and since $$\bigg| e^{iz} \frac{f(z)}{g(z)} \bigg| \leq \frac{C}{x}$$ for large $|z|$ (here $C \geq 0$ is a constant and $z = x+iy$) the integral along the vertical edges tends to zero as $|x| \to \infty$. Thus the integral along any two horizontal lines above the poles is equal. But as such a horizontal line $L_y = \{ x + iy \ | \ x \in \mathbb{R} \}$ moves upward (meaning $y \to +\infty$) the integral must tend to $0$, since $$\bigg| e^{iz} \frac{f(z)}{g(z)} \bigg| \leq e^{-y}\frac{D}{x^2+1}$$ for large $|z|$ and $\int_{-\infty}^{\infty} \frac{1}{x^2+1} \ \mathrm{d}x$ is a constant independent of $y$. Thus $\int_{L_y} e^{iz} \frac{f(z)}{g(z)} \ \mathrm{d}z = 0$ for any $y$ above the poles.
share|improve this answer
add comment
Your Answer


text:
NEW ZEALAND – Archeologists at an excavation site in Dunedin, New Zealand, discovered the fossilized remains of winged humans!
The discovery was made yesterday morning when Dr. Herman Meyer of Massey University uncovered the fossilized bones of a human male with bird-like wings.
Further digging by Dr. Meyer and his team yielded even more astonishing discoveries. After the 30 day excavation, which concluded on Saturday, over 250 winged creatures had been found.
"I couldn't believe what I was seeing," said Dr. Meyer. "One after another these fossils kept appearing out of the dirt. It led me to think that an entire civilization of winged humans once lived here!"
Dr. Meyer and his team ran tests on the fossilized remains, concluding that the winged humans were a nomadic people that roamed the Earth in mass groupings or "flocks."
"These winged humans were a civilized people" said Dr. Meyer. "They used tools and built houses. They may have even developed their own language."
Additional tests found that the winged humans could fly at speeds of up to 60 mph and at altitudes of over 6,000 ft.
More impressive was that dating techniques indicated the fossils to be at least 100,000 years old, an age which Dr. Meyer and his team consider "recent" in the timeline of human evolution.
"The fact that these fossils are only 100,000 years old is astounding," said Dr. Meyer. "If what the dating techniques indicate is true, then these winged humans developed after the era of modern Homo sapiens."
"That means they could still be around," he added.
The news of Dr. Meyer's discovery has sent shockwaves through the scientific community, forcing scientists everywhere to rethink the history of mankind.
"Dr. Meyer has rewritten the book of human evolution," said PhD Ape, WWN's resident expert on all things scientific. "He is bound to win the Nobel Prize."
Some in the scientific community say the winged humans may be the key to understanding the mysteries of modern science, like where Bat Boy came from or where Elvis is hiding.
So keep your eyes peeled, Weekly World News readers! You might just see a UFH's (Unidentified Flying Human) soaring through the sky!

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
The family name at the time was Wesley, not Wellesley. Arthur's eldest brother (there were two elder — Richard, William (later Wellesley-Pole) and and an elder sister, Anne, followed by Henry and Gerald Valerian. The grand father was Richard Colley (or Cowley or Cooley — which would be most applicable in eighteenth-century Ireland? Despite this the family preferred the Anglicized version Colley). The name Wellesley was adopted by Richard (Arthur's eldest brother) when in search of Marquessate. Afetr service as Governor General of India, he became Marquis Wellesley ignoring the Mornington, because he thought it reflected a genealogy back to Norman, which the Cooleys didn't have.
James, L. The Iron Duke: a military biography of Wellington. London, 1992.
Longford, E. The Years of the Sword. London, 1969.
The late Lady Longford (who married Frank, later Lord, Longford and had access to family archives and those of HM the Queen and the Dutch royal family - Kitty Wellington, wife of 1st Duke, m 1807, was a daughter of Lord Longford) can be regarded as the definitive author on the subject.
Longford, E. Wellington: Pillar of State. London, 1972.
Last modified 19 March 2008


Personal tools
99 questions/Solutions/99
From HaskellWiki
< 99 questions | Solutions
Revision as of 17:21, 15 July 2010 by Wapcaplet (Talk | contribs)
Jump to: navigation, search
The particular crossword puzzle is specified in a text file which first lists the words (one word per line) in an arbitrary order. Then, after an empty line, the crossword framework is defined. In this framework specification, an empty character location is represented by a dot (.). In order to make the solution easier, character locations can also contain predefined character values. The puzzle above is defined in the file p99a.dat, other examples are p99b.dat and p99d.dat. There is also an example of a puzzle (p99c.dat) which does not have a solution.
(2) Reading the data file is a tricky problem for which a solution is provided in the file See the predicate read_lines/2.
-- import Control.Monad
-- import Data.List
import Data.Ord (comparing)
import Data.Function (on)
type Coord = (Int,Int)
type Word = String
equaling = ((==) 'on')
-- convert the text lines from the file to the "Site" datatype,
toSites :: [String] -> [Site]
 where find = map makePos. concatMap extractor
 extractor = filter ((>1). length). map (filter ((=='.').snd)). groupBy (equaling snd)
 index_it = zipWith (\row -> zip [(col,row) | col <- [1..]]) [1..]
noCollision :: [(String, Site)] -> Bool
noCollision xs = all allEqual groupedByCoord
 allEqual [] = True
 allEqual (x:xs) = all (x==) xs
together :: (Word, Site) -> [(Coord, Char)]
solve :: Crossword -> [[(Coord, Char)]]
solve cw = map (concatMap together) solution
solve' :: [Word] -> [Site] -> [[(Word, Site)]]
solve' _ [] = [[]]
solve' words (s:ss) = if null possWords
 then error ("too few words of length " ++ show (siteLen s))
 else do try <- possWords
 let restWords = Data.List.delete try words
 more <- solve' restWords ss
 let attempt = (try,s):more
 Control.Monad.guard $ noCollision attempt
 return attempt
 where possWords = filter (\w -> siteLen s == length w) words
-- read the content of a file into the "Crossword" datatype
readCrossword :: String -> Crossword
readCrossword = (\(ws,ss) -> Crossword ws (toSites (drop 1 ss))). break (""==). lines


text:
Crystals and minerals of Wales
[image: Wesh mineral]
Minerals have played a major role in the economic and social development of Wales since the Bronze Age. Since these ancient times, mineral outcrops and mines have been worked throughout Wales; by Romans and Cistercian Monks, and on into the heyday of Welsh metal mining in the mid nineteenth century, when virtually every outcropping vein or fault was tried by the drivage of adits or the sinking of shallow shafts.
There are currently around 4,000 officially recognized mineral species known to occur globally, of which, 365 have been confirmed from Wales.
Here we present a gallery of Welsh minerals for you to enjoy the incredible colours, forms and lustre of these magnificent museum specimens.
Please click on the images below for more information.
Crystals and Minerals
- 1 July 2009
Over 400 different mineral species occur in Wales, approximately ten percent of all those known. Ten minerals were first discovered in Wales and have been named after famous Welsh geologists, mineralogists, places and even the Museum itself.
- 25 October 2008
- 21 August 2007


text:
The Knights Templar have origins in the Middle Ages as protectors of Christian pilgrims on their way to Jerusalem. Many legends have grown up around this mysterious group, including a connection to the Holy Grail. In the late 18th Century the Freemasons adopted some Knights Templar rites and symbols (some believe there is a connection between the two groups). This explains why Knights Templar symbols found in cemeteries relate to the Freemasons. The symbol here shows a Maltese cross surrounding a cross inside a crown.
The gravestone below shows three Freemason related symbols, from left to right: Freemason, Knights Templar, Shriners.
Photos: Gravestone of Samuel A. Bonesteel (_PHONE_), Fairmount Cemetery, Denver, Colorado


text:
Gets the collection of controls contained within the control.
Assembly: System.Windows.Forms (in System.Windows.Forms.dll)
A Control can act as a parent to a collection of controls. For example, when several controls are added to a Form, each of the controls is a member of the Control.ControlCollection assigned to the property of the form, which is derived from the Control class.
When adding several controls to a parent control, it is recommended that you call the SuspendLayout method before initializing the controls to be added. After adding the controls to the parent control, call the ResumeLayout method. Doing so will increase the performance of applications with many controls.
Use the property to iterate through all controls of a form, including nested controls. Use the GetNextControl method to retrieve the previous or next child control in the tab order. Use the ActiveControl property to get or set the active control of a container control.
The following code example removes a Control from the Control.ControlCollection of the derived class Panel if it is a member of the collection. The example requires that you have created a Panel, a Button, and at least one RadioButton control on a Form. The RadioButton control(s) are added to the Panel control, and the Panel control added to the Form. When the button is clicked, the radio button named removeButton is removed from the Control.ControlCollection.


Daisy documentation
5.2.3 ImagesBook Index5.2.5 Upload and link ("attachment")
5.2.4 Links
The format of links to other documents in the daisy repository is:
daisy:
for example:
The daisy link can furthermore include branch, language and version specifications:
daisy:@::
Each of these additional parts is optional. For example to link to version 5 of document 167, on the same branch and language as the current document variant, use:
The can be a number or the strings last or live.
If you don't know the id of a document by heart (which is likely the case), use the "Create link by searching" button on the toolbar.
A link can furthermore contain a fragment identifier. A fragment identifier is used to directly link to a specific element (e.g. a heading or a table) in a document. For this you first need to assign an ID to the element you want to link to (there is an "Edit ID" for this on the toolbar), and then you can adjust the link. The link editor dialogs make it easy by allowing to browse for available element IDs.
5.2.3 Images5.2.5 Upload and link ("attachment")


text:
Windows 10 is highly customizable and provides plenty of options for adjusting your Start Menu. Start menu can be completely customized including color, size, tiles layout etc.
- Change the size of start menu:
The vertical and horizontal size of start menu in Windows 10 can be changed easily by just moving the cursor on its top or right edges and dragging it in a particular direction. By default, the tile structure in start menu is based on two columns, but the number of columns can be increased or decreased by resizing the start menu horizontally.
- Customizing the tiles:
Tiles in the start menu can also be customized. This can be tile size, turning the live tiles off and removing the tiles from the menu. All of this can be done just by right clicking on any tile you want to customize.
- Changing the start menu color:
Changing the start menu color is pretty easy and straight forward in Windows 10. Right Click on the desktop and choose "Personalize". From "Personalization Settings", select the "Color" option from the left sided list, turn off the "Automatically pick an accent color…" setting and choose another color from the list. To set the color on the start menu and taskbar, turn on "Show color on Start taskbar…" option and there you go.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
A common question that crops up among herpetoculturalists who keep Uroplatus is how much UV they need. This is an important question, because UV, especially UV-B, can be critical to reptiles (and other animals) because it is involved in the pathway that produces vitamin D3 and allows for calcium to be absorbed by the body. But it is not really clear how this works in nocturnal reptiles. In Uroplatus we have the interesting case that the geckos, although active at night, sleep "out in the open," as it were—at least the bark-mimicking geckos tend to sleep on tree trunks and there is the possibility that these trunks are exposed to sunshine, giving the gecko a chance to bask. If this is the case, then in the captive husbandry of the geckos the opportunity to bask in UV-rich light would need to be provided. Over three years of field research, we tried to gather data on the UV exposure of sleeping Uroplatus during the day, using a Solarmeter 6.2 in the rainforests of Madagascar.
The following is an account of attempts to make measurements in Montagne d'Ambre in 2017–2018, Marojejy in 2016, and in a high-altitude forest near Bealanana in northern Madagascar in 2015–16. These observations are therefore directly relevant to Uroplatus sikorae, U. sameiti, U. giganteus, U. aff. henkeli Ca11, U. ebenaui, U. finiavana, U. fotsivava, U. lineatus, and U. alluaudi (and a few undescribed species that are not yet public knowledge), but they can be generalised over all Uroplatus species with the correct level of caution. See below.
First of all, there were several major challenges in assessing the UV exposure of Uroplatus:
- We have had a lot of trouble with the Solarmeter readings because they vary dramatically within centimetre distances. How do you standardise the measurements? Over the three expeditions we conducted, we did not have any success in finding a way to take these measurements in a standardized way, in part because it was difficult to integrate the Solarmeter usage into the daily regime, and in consequence it was not used as often as could be desired, and never in a standardized way. We tried in 2017–2018 to have a student collect the data over transects whilst looking for chameleons, but in the end it was too tedious, unreliable, and time-consuming to be continued. Not to mention rainy!
- There are dramatic differences to be accounted for depending on the perching habits of the species, making generalisations difficult. Bark-mimic species (henkeli complex, giganteus, fimbriatus, sikorae/sameiti complex, and lineatus, but also to a lesser extent alluaudi, guentheri, peitschmanni, and malahelo) may at times be exposed to full sun for brief moments, but probably not for long. The angle at which light hits them is always steep, and typically they are experiencing diffuse light because they are on the trunks of trees, where there is the most shade. By contrast, leaf-mimic species tend to be mostly or completely sheltered during the day, exposing only part of their bodies at all to the light, and certainly not basking. So what is the relevance of environmental UVB readings at all to these animals, which are generally hidden from the light?
- Light in the forest varies dramatically (1) by time of day, (2) by position, (3) by canopy type, (4) by microhabitat, (5) by altitude, and most strongly (6) by season. We conduct fieldwork during the rainy season, where light is lowest and rainfall is heaviest, and where in a single day we have massive swings from dark-as-night cloud cover to bright direct sunlight to diffuse light with or without rain. Needless to say, readings at a single moment in the day are not helpful, because we need an impression of the average exposure of the species to advise husbandry.
Given all of these caveats, you will hopefully understand why this report is fragmentary and perhaps not obviously useful. But it perhaps contains relevant notes on the ecology of species to make informed decisions about using UV light in your Uroplatus care.
UVB levels within the forest typically range from 0 to 15 µW/cm2. In dense primary forest, usually we are getting 0-2 µW/cm2, with upwards of 5 in more open areas, and sometimes up to 15 µW/cm2 in patches where the sun is shining at that very moment. In more open forests, the maximum we have seen is up to 30 µW/cm2, but sometimes we can get as much as 50 µW/cm2 in really blazing sun (probably more frequent in the dry season!). Outside the forest and on its edge we are getting triple digits sometimes, but this is really in areas where Uroplatus basically never occur (maybe useful if anyone keeps edge-loving chameleons though, especially Furcifer pardalis, F. petteri, and Calumma nasutum group species).
All in all, the maximum a rainforest Uroplatus is probably ever exposed to is probably 30 µW/cm2, and as mentioned above, this is probably more than a leaf-mimic species ever experiences. This is not an average value, however. As these geckos really do not seem to bask, and rather are hit coincidentally by light as the sun moves across the sky, the average exposure of any Uroplatus is probably between 8 and 10 µW/cm2, and lower in leaf-mimics. Thinking about the drier forest Uroplatus, where the canopy is less dense, we can raise these numbers a bit and say 10-15 µW/cm2 is a likely good average (again lower in leaf-mimics from drier forest, so U. malama and U. ebenaui).
Bear in mind that altitude also plays a big role: lower altitudes have less cloud cover, and typically more bright-sun-days per year than higher altitudes. So for example, U. ebenaui and U. finiavana may both occur in Montagne d'Ambre, but the latter occurs at higher altitudes than the former, and in more dense forest, and as a result, it must receive considerably less UV exposure. Fortunately, altitude and forest-type correlate rather strongly, so as long as you adjust UV levels for one or the other, you should come out okay.
Uroplatus pietschmanni (and possibly U. alluaudi) is probably exceptional, because it is a high-canopy species and as such probably has higher UV exposure than its relatives. Increasing by one or two µW/cm2 would probably cover this difference though. Uroplatus lineatus is also exceptional because bamboo forest has higher light levels than deciduous or rainforest. As such, it may be advisable to keep U. lineatus with higher light levels in general, and slightly higher UV levels than e.g. U. giganteus, which occurs in the rainforests beside the bamboo forest of U. lineatus.
Bear in mind when thinking about your husbandry that the weather is constantly changing in the forest. Clouds make UVB exposure swing massively. Replicates of natural environments in little boxes cannot mimic this effect, so it is safer to go with a lower-side-of-average value, rather than go straight for the high values of UV exposure. On the other hand, it would not be unreasonable to treat leafand bark-mimic Uroplatus from the same location with the same exposure, and simply provide more shelter opportunities for leaf-mimics… This would be more representative of their natural conditions. This is for the keeper to decide.
So far, the information from field observations is fragmentary and limited. Many factors could change the meaning of what we have observed so far; seasonal changes may vary exposure dramatically, these geckos may be basking more or less than we imagine, and they may be more sensitive to UV levels than diurnal lizards. Remember that no measurements from directly beside resting Uroplatus have yet been obtained, and these will be a critical step in informing decisions further. As such, this is still very much up to the keepers to decide.
As a parting note, consider that UV exposure may not be necessary for the survival of Uroplatus in captivity, but it may still be highly beneficial for them. In a large enclosure, providing a moderately weak UV light is unlikely to do damage.


XT … Marketing's Role in the Boardroom
A new study from the Australian Marketing Institute (AMI) and consulting giant Deloitte, claims marketers need to work harder to speak the language of the board if they're to get their organisations to truly appreciate marketing's strategic role.
According to the paper (download it below), Australian company boards have been asking the wrong questions of marketers and would benefit from a better understanding of the critical role marketing plays in business strategy development and execution.
To help achieve this perception shift, the AMI and Deloitte set out a 10-step marketing evaluation framework covering previous period and future performance:
 1. Identify marketing assets
 3. Identify changes to these existing metrics (such as evolving marketing dynamics, competitor actions) and the factors influencing these changes
 4. Assess the value added by marketing in the previous period
 5. Identify significant market issues, opportunities and risks and how they will be managed
 7. Evaluate period performance, based on planning marketing investment
 8. Understand potential competitive reactions and environmental uncertainties and develop contingency plans to mitigate their effects
 10. Develop metrics for monitoring performance in terms of application of resources (inputs), performance (outputs) and marketing efficiency (conversion).
Download the file for XT … Marketing's Role in the Boardroom


Subscribe >
Skip to content
Using electrodes from different manufacturers
If welding is to be performed according to a welding procedure specification, it is possible that changing the electrode manufacturer will invalidate approval of the procedure to the code/standard on which it was based. The manufacturer or 'trade name' of the electrode can be classed as an essential variable in a given weld procedure. The extent to which re-qualification is necessary will vary from code to code.
For example, in EN ISO 15614-1[1] and in the UK standard BS 4515:2004[2], approval is only restricted to the specific make of electrodeif impact testing is required as part of the procedure qualification. On the other hand, DNV OS-F101[3] states that on changing the brand of consumable, the welding procedure is to be considered invalid, and would need to be re-qualified (see table C-2).
In ASME IX[4] (QW-404.12, supplementary essential variable), the trade name is considered only if the electrode is not covered by an SFA specification or if the designation has a 'G' suffix within an SFA specification. In such cases and if impact testing is required, a change in the trade designation of the filler metal requires requalification.
If the code/standard permits use of another electrode brand, or if welding is not being carried out to a specific procedure, provided there have been no problems with their use, it is still advisable to stick with the consumables used in the code/standard or that which is normally used. This is because electrode classification does not take into account 'useability'. Different brands of electrode (of the same specification) often weld differently, and many welders are sensitive to differences in quality and operating characteristics of electrodes from various manufacturers. On occasion, differences have been identified in electrode performance for the same brand or source of electrode coating materials, which has resulted from a change in the plant where the electrodes are made. Whilst there may be no way of avoiding this, for the other reasons highlighted above the adage 'if it isn't broke, don't try to fix it' is sometimes the best advice regarding changing electrode brands.
 1. BS EN ISO 15614-1:2004+A2:2012 'Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - Welding procedure test'.
 2. BS 4515-1:2009 'Specification for welding of steel pipelines on land and offshore'.
 3. Det Norske Veritas, Offshore Standard DNV-VOS-F101 'Submarine Pipeline Systems', October 2010.
 4. ASME B&PV, Section IX, 'Welding and Brazing Qualifications', 2011a edition.
For more information please email:


text:
Do you want to learn how to clean your rabbits' feet?
Rabbits are known for their impeccable grooming habits. However, there are certain areas, such as their feet, that they may struggle to keep clean on their own. This can lead to several health problems, including sore hocks and infections.
In this article, we'll let you know how to effectively clean your rabbit's feet and the importance of doing so regularly.
Why Clean a Rabbit's Feet?
Cleaning a rabbit's feet is essential to their overall health and well-being.
Their feet can become soiled with urine, feces, or other types of dirt, which can lead to bacterial infections if left uncleaned.
Moreover, excessive moisture or dirt can cause sore hocks, a painful condition where the fur on the bottom of a rabbit's feet wears away, leading to raw, exposed skin.
By regularly cleaning your rabbit's feet, you can help prevent these issues and keep your bunny healthy.
Before you start cleaning your rabbit's feet, ensure you have the following tools:
- A soft cloth or baby wipes (fragrance-free)
- Warm water
- Towel for drying
- Antiseptic cream or powder (consult your vet for suitable options)
- A comfortable, non-slip surface to work on
How To Clean Rabbits Feet?
Here are the step-by-step guides to follow:
Step 1: Prepare the Cleaning Area
Start by laying out a comfortable, non-slip surface where you can work on cleaning your rabbit's feet.
This could be a table with a towel or mat on top.
Having a non-slip surface would prevent the rabbit from slipping and injuring itself during the cleaning process.
Step 2: Secure the Rabbit
Hold your rabbit gently but firmly to avoid any sudden movements. Make sure to support its hindquarters and keep it calm by stroking it gently.
Step 3: Inspect the Feet
Before cleaning, inspect your rabbit's feet for any signs of injury, sores, or abnormalities. If you notice anything unusual, consult your vet before proceeding with the cleaning.
Step 4: Clean the Feet with a Damp Cloth
Dip a soft cloth or use a baby wipe to gently clean the rabbit's feet. Be sure to clean between the toes and around the nails, where dirt can accumulate.
Avoid using any harsh chemicals or soap as these can irritate the skin.
Step 5: Dry the Feet
After cleaning, you should thoroughly dry your rabbit's feet.
Any lingering moisture can provide a breeding ground for bacteria and lead to infections or sore hocks. Use a soft towel to pat the feet dry gently.
Step 6: Apply Antiseptic Cream or Powder
Once the feet are dry, you can apply a small amount of antiseptic cream or powder.
This can help to prevent any potential infections. Always consult with your vet about suitable products for your rabbit.
Prevention is always better than cure. Here are some ways to prevent your rabbit's feet from getting dirty:
1. Regular Grooming
Regular grooming can help keep your rabbit clean and minimize the risk of soiled feet.
This includes brushing its fur to remove loose hair and checking its feet regularly for dirt or injuries.
2. Avoid Wet or Dirty Ground
Rabbits should not be kept on wet or dirty surfaces as these can lead to soiled feet and related health problems.
Make sure your rabbit's living area is dry and clean at all times.
3. Provide a Clean Living Environment
A clean living environment is crucial for your rabbit's overall health.
This includes regularly cleaning their hutch or cage, replacing bedding frequently, and ensuring they have access to clean food and water.
Cleaning Other Areas
Cleaning your rabbit's feet is important, But maintaining their overall cleanliness is much more important.
This includes brushing their fur regularly to remove loose hair, checking their ears for any signs of mites or infection, and monitoring their eyes for any discharge or redness.
Additionally, rabbits' teeth continuously grow throughout their lives, so you should provide them with plenty of hay and chew toys to prevent their teeth from overgrowing.
Occasionally, dental check-ups might be necessary to ensure their teeth are in good shape.
Here are some frequently asked questions.
Why Are My Bunnies Feet So Dirty?
A rabbit's feet can get dirty due to various reasons such as unclean cages, muddy outdoor play, or health issues like diarrhea.
If the cage isn't cleaned regularly, feces and urine can build up, leading to dirty feet. Also, if your rabbit spends time outdoors, it can track in dirt or mud.
Can I Use Baby Wipes On Rabbits Feet?
Yes, you can use baby wipes to clean your rabbit's feet, but make sure they are unscented and alcohol-free.
Don't force your rabbit if they are uncomfortable, and ensure they are completely dry afterward to avoid chilling.
Do Rabbits Clean Their Own Feet?
Rabbits are generally clean animals and will groom themselves, including their feet. However, sometimes they may need assistance, especially if they've stepped on something, particularly dirty or sticky.
How To Clean Rabbits Feet With Vinegar?
For more thorough cleaning, you can use a diluted solution of white vinegar and water (1:1 ratio).
Dip a soft cloth into the solution, then gently wipe your rabbit's feet.
Be careful not to let the solution get into any open wounds or scratches. Also, make sure to dry your rabbit's feet thoroughly afterward.
How To Clean Rabbits Feet At Home?
Aside from using baby wipes or a vinegar solution, you can also use warm water and a soft cloth to clean your rabbit's feet.
Always be gentle, and make sure to thoroughly dry your rabbit's feet after cleaning them.
How To Clean Rabbits Feet For Show?
For show rabbits, you should keep their feet and fur clean and well-groomed.
There's not much difference from what we have outlined above for non-show rabbits.
Cleaning your rabbit's feet is a simple but important part of their care routine.
It not only helps to prevent health issues but also provides an opportunity for you to check for any potential problems.
With the right tools and a gentle touch, you can ensure your rabbit stays healthy and clean.
We hope this article helped you know how to clean rabbits' feet. If you have any further questions, comment below and we will answer them.


Which Country Has 40 Minutes Night?
Which country has 24 hours daylight?
76 days of midnight sun between May and July greets travelers in Northern Norway.
During the summer months, you can experience up to 24 hours of sunlight above the Arctic Circle, which means more time to enjoy the sights and make new discoveries..
Which country has the longest summer?
RussiaThat would have to been Russia since it's the largest country! But if you meant the longest summer I'd go with Singapore because it's a very small country with almost no climate variation within its borders and being located almost on the equator there is really only one season summer!
What country has the longest days of sunlight?
Places in the world with the most daylight hoursYuma (USA) According to the World Meteorological Organization, Yuma (Arizona) is the sunniest place on earth. … Phoenix (USA) You don't have to go too far to find the second sunniest place on earth. … Aswan (Egypt)
How long is it dark in Norway?
With up to approximately 19 hours the longest days happen in Juni. On the other hand, the longest and darkest nights are in winter (in the southern hemisphere it is the other way around). In Dezember a night in Oslo lasts almost 18 hours. In these days the sun in Oslo rises at 7:42.
Which country has the most night time?
Located over 200 miles north of the Arctic Circle, Tromsø, Norway, is home to extreme light variation between seasons. During the Polar Night, which lasts from November to January, the sun doesn't rise at all. Then the days get progressively longer until the Midnight Sun period, from May to July, when it never sets.
Which country has 6 months of night?
AntarcticaAntarctica has six months of daylight in its summer and six months of darkness in its winter. The seasons are caused by the tilt of Earth's axis in relation to the sun. The direction of the tilt never changes.
Which country has longest day in the world?
IcelandFacts About the Midnight Sun in Iceland Iceland's daylight hours on the longest days of the year are 24 hours per day (May-July).
Which country has shortest day?
IcelandOn this, the shortest day of the year, there is just 2 hours 14 minutes between sunset and sunrise where the days are shortest in Iceland. The northern peninsula of Rifstangi (close to the town of Raufarhöfn, North Iceland – see map below) has an official sunrise time of 11:55 am today, with sunset at 2:09 pm.
Does Iceland have 24 hour darkness?
Iceland is the land of the midnight sun. In Reykjavík it will not get dark at night from May 21 until July 30, as the sun barely sets in summer. Around the summer solstice (June 21st), the sun is visible for the full 24 hours in the Westfjords and North Iceland.
Which country sees the sun first?
New ZealandEver wondered where in the world is the first place to see the sun rise? Well, wonder no longer! North of Gisborne, New Zealand, around the coast to Opotiki and inland to Te Urewera National Park, The East Cape has the honour of witnessing the world's first sunrise each and every day.
Is Sweden dark for 6 months?
From between end May and mid-July, the midnight sun lights up the night in northern Sweden lengthening your sightseeing days. Sweden is a country with big differences in daylight. In the far north the sun does not set at all in June and there is darkness around the clock in January.
What if there was no night?
Originally Answered: What will happen if there's no night? Assuming this was due to the earth no longer rotating, I think: the side of the earth facing the sun would become too hot for life. Water would cease to exist there in liquid form. Meanwhile the Dark Side of the earth would become too cold to support life.
Which country has no night only day?
A quarter of Finland's territory lies north of the Arctic Circle, and at the country's northernmost point the sun does not set at all for 60 days during summer. In Svalbard, Norway, the northernmost inhabited region of Europe, there is no sunset from approximately 19 April to 23 August.


text:
Purpose. Whereas many previous studies have identified the association between sustained near work and myopia, few have assessed the influence of concomitant levels of cognitive effort. This study investigates the effect of cognitive effort on near-work induced transient myopia (NITM). Methods. Subjects comprised of six early onset myopes (EOM; mean age 23.7 yrs; mean onset 10.8 yrs), six late-onset myopes (LOM; mean age 23.2 yrs; mean onset 20.0 yrs) and six emmetropes (EMM; mean age 23.8 yrs). Dynamic, monocular, ocular accommodation was measured with the Shin-Nippon SRW-5000 autorefractor. Subjects engaged passively or actively in a 5 minute arithmetic sum checking task presented monocularly on an LCD monitor via a Badal optical system. In all conditions the task was initially located at near (4.50 D) and immediately following the task instantaneously changed to far (0.00 D) for a further 5 minutes. The combinations of active (A) and passive (P) cognition were randomly allocated as P:P; A:P; A:A; P:A. Results. For the initial near task, LOMs were shown to have a significantly less accurate accommodative response than either EOMs or EMMs (p < 0.001). For the far task, post hoc analyses for refraction identified EOMs as demonstrating significant NITM compared to LOMs (p < 0.05), who in turn showed greater NITM than EMMs (p < 0.001). The data show that for EOMs the level of cognitive activity operating during the near and far tasks determines the persistence of NITM; persistence being maximal when active cognition at near is followed by passive cognition at far. Conclusions. Compared with EMMs, EOMs and LOMs are particularly susceptible to NITM such that sustained near vision reduces subsequent accommodative accuracy for far vision. It is speculated that the marked NITM found in EOM may be a consequence of the crystalline lens thinning shown to be a developmental feature of EOM. Whereas the role of small amounts of retinal defocus in myopigenesis remains equivocal, the results show that account needs to be taken of cognitive demand in assessing phenomena such as NITM.
- visual development


text:
The Flat Rubik is a collection of two-dimensional computerized combination puzzles presented by puzzlemystery.com. A combination puzzle, also known as a sequential move or sliding block puzzle, is a puzzle which consists of a set of blocks which can be manipulated into different combinations by a group of operations. The object of the puzzle is to manipulate blocks by certain operations to establish a certain (unscrambled) end-configuration starting from a random (scrambled) combination.
The Flat Rubik puzzles consist of 4x4, 9x9, or 15x15 square. Each square consists of 2x2, 3x3, or 5x5 color blocks. When you click the "Start New" button the puzzle blocks are scrambled by the computer. For the puzzle to be solved, blocks should be unscrambled. Colors should be separated and each block must be a solid color (the numbers do not have to be in order). You can move blocks by clicking on square. Each Flat Rubik puzzle has different blocks sliding rules. Our collection includes the following Flat Rubik puzzles:


Navy designs special solar cells that work underwater
You know how water is blue, right? The reason water is blue is because it absorbs the red part of the solar spectrum. This, unfortunately, is a big chunk of the energy that solar cells like to suck down, which is why we don't have solar powered submarines, but the Naval Research Lab has designed a new type of cell that does work under da sea.
The key to harvesting energy from light underwater is to focus on the light that doesn't get sucked up by all the H2O in between you and the surface. This means designing a solar cell that works most efficiently with the light in the blue and green parts of the spectrum. Instead of using crystalline silicon, the NRL went with gallium indium phosphide, which is most efficient in wavelengths between 400 and 700 nanometers, ideal for underwater use. Because of the narrow spectrum, the cells can be very efficient, and even though the overall intensity of light is much lower underwater, the cells can eke out enough juice to power sensors 30 feet down.
The NRL says that this could be a key development of long-duration autonomous underwater systems and sensor platforms, and we wholeheartedly agree: clearly, solar powered submarines are the future.
NRL, via Engadget
For the latest tech stories, follow DVICE on Twitter
at _USER_ or find us on Facebook


3D Printing Transmission Line Speakers
Anyone who has played with speakers on the workbench knows the huge difference enclosure design makes to the frequency response of an audio system. Speakerheads spend hours tinkering with designs and calculations, aiming to get the best out of a given set of drivers. [HexiBase] decided to try some experiments of his own, running into some hurdles along the way.
[Hexibase] aimed to 3D print a compact transmission line design, to suit a pair of 1 1/8″ full-range drivers. Being aware of the benefits of high-resolution resin 3D printing, he set out to print a design taking full advantage of the build volume of his Longer 3D Orange 30 printer. Unfortunately, after much fiddling with slicer settings, the printer turned out to have a fundamental fault, leading to unusable prints.
Undeterred, [Hexibase] switched to using his Longer FDM model instead. Printing out the enclosures in PLA. he noted that the different material will have a slightly altered frequency response than originally intended. Regardless, the final result sounds great, and barring some higher-frequency anomalies, the output correlates well with the mathematical model of expected performance.
3D printers make great tools for budding speaker builders, as they make constructing advanced geometries a cinch. Of course, you can even try and 3D print the drivers themselves if you're so inclined. Video after the break.
9 thoughts on "3D Printing Transmission Line Speakers
 1. How do you measure the response without room acoustics having effect on the end result? Hexibase manages that somehow because measured response is so close to the mathematical model.
 1. Well my first thought would be to use a pink noise generator and spectrum analyzer to "map" the room's response curve, then EQ it out or subtract it from the results.
 2. I don't know about this particular speaker and set up, but the standard way in the DIY Audio community is to take very short recordings so the sound can travel from the speaker to the microphone, but by the time it's bounced off anything else the recording is over.
 1. Seems to miss out selective dampening, the all important manual tuning away of the peaks. Faff but fun.
 Open, add fluff, close and test. Open, move fluff, close and test. Repeat.
 2. Room? Just set up outdoors on a grassy hill. Almost as good as an anechoic chamber. Transmission line should start with a symmetrical "Y" to combine both driver's waves as equal in time.
 1. Do you mean a grassy knoll?
 Was once doing measurements in a typical UK box room (how can these count as bedrooms??). Spent ages wondering why there was a hump in the upper bass response. All the room's dimensions were 2.4m, leading to a 3D set of 140 Hz standing waves. Presumably the 70 Hz would have been present too, but microphone and driver placement were close to the floor so might not have excited/measured that mode well.
 3. 3D printing is great for speaker builders who use drivers that are 1 and 1/8″
 I will admit that I have a bluetooth speaker that is around that size and sounds amazingly good for what it it, but really, my real speakers are significantly larger, as in over an order of magnitude. There are a lot of materials you could build the enclosures out of, but I don't see them being 3D printed. At least not with a 3D printer I will ever be able to house or afford. Than again after the shameless ad for the vacuum pump on here, perhaps I should add a ginormous 3D printer to the list of things that I want.
Leave a Reply


text:
The anatomy of a sheep includes, among other components, its reproductive system, skull, horns, digestive system, and other internal organs. Ewe anatomy is similar to ram anatomy, with the main difference being their reproductive systems, size, and frequently, lack of horns.
Table of Contents
Ewe reproductive systems
The reproductive system of a ewe consists of ovaries, oviducts, and a uterus. The ova develop in the ovaries and are then released into the oviducts.
- The oviduct has a few different parts: a uterus, a cervix, and an area where the embryo develops before being implanted in the uterus. The uterus is lined with endometrium, which nourishes the embryo as it grows within it.
- A sheep's heat cycle occurs around every 17 days.
- Sheep are in heat for around 24-36 hours during each cycle.
- Depending on the breed, sheep may breed only during a certain season. Some types of sheep breed all year round.
- Sheep pregnancies range from 138 to 159 days
Ram reproductive systems
Rams have two testicles. The testicles produce testosterone, which helps to build muscle mass and increase libido in rams. They also produce sperm.
Testosterone makes rams more aggressive toward other rams, leading to fights for dominance within their herd.
The daily average sperm count in rams is about 20 million sperm cells for each testicle.
Ewe skulls are smaller than ram skulls. Among horned sheep, the skull supports the horns. Its sturdy structure protects the brain from impact and potential injuries.
A sheep's skull is composed of the maxilla, the frontal bone, the sphenoid bone, the occipital bone, and the parietal bone.
- The maxilla is located above the eye sockets. It is used as leverage for the ophthalmic muscles to attach to the skull.
- The frontal bone is located on the top and front of the head.
- The sphenoid bone attaches to the occipital bone at the back of the ewe's head. It helps protect the brain.
- The occipital bone is located behind the ears and attaches to the skull, with a ball joint that allows for movement.
- The parietal bone surrounds the brain and forms part of the forehead. It also contains blood vessels and nerves that help control eye movement, hearing, balance, and smell.
Not all sheep have horns. Some breeds are polled, and ewes are less likely to have horns than rams.
Horned sheep have horns made of fibrous keratin tubules that protect against damage to the skull. Horns are used among rams for protection and fighting for territory against other rams.
Contrary to popular belief, sheep do not have four stomachs. They have one stomach with four compartments.
The four compartments of a sheep's stomach are:
- Rumen: acts as an area where the ewe can store food. Fermentation of foods starts here.
- Reticulum: compresses the bolus (ball of food) and propels this towards the next compartment.
- Omasum: contains glands that secrete hydrochloric acid and enzymes needed for digestion.
- Abomasum: The abomasum is where food is combined with other enzymes and chemicals to break down its chemical bonds for absorption and utilization of nutrients.
Notable internal organs in a sheep include the heart, lungs, kidneys, liver, and spleen.
- The heart pumps blood and brings oxygenated blood to different body parts while excreting deoxygenated blood (a byproduct of the process) through the lungs.
- The lungs bring oxygen into the body and work with the circulatory system to get the optimal balance of acids and bases in the sheep's body.
- The kidneys remove waste products from the bloodstream, thus improving the balance of minerals, salts, and water inside the sheep's body.
- The liver aids in digestion by breaking down fats into smaller molecules for easier absorption.
- The spleen filters the blood plasma by fighting off viruses and bacteria. It also helps store blood.


text:
Familiarize baby with loved ones through pictures.
- Family photos (individual family photos are best if possible)
- Blu Tak / masking tape
- Frames (optional) OR
- Digital photo frame OR
- Family photo album
What to do:
- Put up photos of immediate and extended family on the wall, above nappy change area, on the front of a door where baby can see, at baby's eye level or in a digital picture frame.
- If adding pictures on a wall, as you pass the pictures with baby, point and name all the family members in the pictures. When sticking them at baby's level, point to and name the pictures. When baby looks at the pictures themselves, name who they are looking at "Yes, that's Uncle Sam" etc.
- Ask your baby where Grandpa is or where Uncle Brian is and see if your baby will point to their pictures, your baby may just look in the direction at the photo without pointing and babble. This shows that baby is able to recognize who you are referring too.
- As you make this a frequent activity, baby will begin to recognize, point and identify family members. It will also provide enhance memory skills as baby remembers each of the family members.
Hints and Tips:
- If you put pictures in your baby's room, you may want to hang some at baby's eye level to encourage standing. For those pictures just simply hang them on the wall using tape, a frame may fall and shatter causing injury to your baby.
- You could also cut these pictures out and hang them from the ceiling/cot (or make a mobile), directly over your baby's cot. Don't hang them to low because your baby might pull them off.
- When reading a story during the bedtime routine, have some pictures in an album, before reading the story, go through the album and name each person.
- When using a digital picture frame, put it somewhere the baby will see. Go through each picture and name each family member.


Online Google Dictionary
necessary 中文解釋 wordnet sense Collocation Usage Collins Definition
Font size:
Required to be done, achieved, or present; needed; essential,
 1. Required to be done, achieved, or present; needed; essential
 - - members are admitted only after they have gained the necessary experience
 - - it's not necessary for you to be here
 2. Determined, existing, or happening by natural laws or predestination; inevitable
 - - a necessary consequence
 3. (of a concept, statement, judgment, etc.) Inevitably resulting from or produced by the nature of things, so that the contrary is impossible
 4. (of an agent) Having no independent volition
 1. The basic requirements of life, such as food and warmth
 2. Small items required for a particular journey or purpose
 - - I hastily threw a few necessaries into a kit bag
 1. absolutely essential
 3. unavoidably determined by prior circumstances; "the necessary consequences of one's actions"
 4. (necessarily) in an essential manner; "such expenses are necessarily incurred"
 5. Modal logic is a type of formal logic that extends the standards of formal logic to include the elements of modality (for example, possibility and necessity). Modals qualify the truth of a judgment....
 6. "Necessary" is a song by Japanese j-pop group Every Little Thing, released as their tenth single on September 30, 1998.
 7. House of Fools is a rock band from Greensboro, North Carolina. Members include Josh King (vocals/acoustic guitar), David McLaughlin (guitar/backing vocals), Joel Kiser (guitar), Matt Bowers (keyboard), Jordan Powers (exFar-Less) (bass) and Jack Foster (drums).
 8. bathroom, toilet, loo; needed, required
 9. (necessaries) necessary or indispensable items
 10. (Necessaries) Basic items needed to maintain a standard of living.
 11. (Necessaries) Items of clothing issued to a soldier other than his uniform, such as shirts, stockings, shoes and trousers.
 12. (Necessaries) The common law doctrine that if a person who owes another person the duty of support and fails to support such person, he becomes liable to third parties who provide necessaries such as the grocer and utility company to person owed a duty of support..
 13. (necessaries) Goods and services that are essential to a minor's health and welfare.
 14. (necessaries) Goods suitable to the condition in life of an infant or minor or other person and to his actual requirements at the time of the sale and delivery.
 15. (necessaries) The basic requirements for a reasonable lifestyle, e.g. food, clothes, housing, etc.
 16. (necessaries) staple goods, such as sugar, salt, coffee
 17. niedbehefe; niedbeðearf
 18. The little blue porta-potties/outhouses/chemical toilets found at reenactments. "The necessary" was actually a period term for outhouse. Also called Comfort Station, Hooters, Irish Shanty, Officer's Quarters, and Our Lady of the Blue Waters.
 19. A sentence, proposition thought, or judgement is necessary if it is true of any possible world. Some philosophers (e.g. A.J....
 20. and sufficient minimal set of modeling concepts to cover the representation scope of a modeling framework on the most abstract level (on the level that corresponds to the first order propositions in Russell's Theory of Types).
 21. modal logic: must exist in all possible worlds. Impossible to not be the case, things could not be otherwise. See also contingent.
 22. Essential, indispensable, requisite, required.
 23. (1) In logic, any statement whose denial would involve a contradiction. (2) In ontology, the quality of a being that is eternal and needs nothing else to exist or continue to exist.
 24. What must be the case, as opposed to the merely possible (what might be the case) and the merely actual (what is the case)....
 25. (as in "necessary war") – not really that necessary, at least when it comes to backing up your words with required manpower and funding and standing up to your liberal base.


text:
How am I able to set the size of the arrowheads at the end of a line to not increase in size when viewed at a larger map scale? When I zoom out, the arrowheads grow in size, but the lines do not lengthen. Is there a way to either fix the arrowhead size to remain the same at all scales? Or is there a way to have the lines increase when the scale increases as with the arrowheads?
Mapping Center Answer:
You have full control over the symbols you use. One thing to consider is the Reference Scale. The reference scale defines the scale at which symbols appear at their intended size. When you set the Reference Scale, changes in scale result in symbols changing their sizes relative to surrounding features.
If you haven't set a Reference Scale, symbols remain the same size and do not change relative to the surrounding features. This is the likely cause of what you are seeing happen on screen.
So if you set a Reference Scale when you create the arrowhead symbols, you should see more satisfactory results. For additional help on this topic take a look at the ArcGIS 10 Help topic called Working with data frame reference scales.
If you would like to post a comment, please login.


text:
Follow us:Follow Us on Twitter Like Us on Facebook Follow Us on Google+ Watch videos on our Youtube channel
Evaluation of how medications are used at Cedars-Sinai is a way to ensure that usage is appropriate, safe and cost-effective.
Evaluations are done with other healthcare providers using an evidence-based approach. Additionally, the Drug Use Policy pharmacist works with the medical staff to develop guidelines for medication use.
Pharmacists also play an active role in the Medical Center's multidisciplinary Medication Management Safety Committee, which is responsible for designing and implementing strategies to create a safer medication use system. The objectives of the committee are to:
- Improve reporting through a non-punitive culture and evaluate errors and potential errors to ensure safety of systems
- Create interdisciplinary synergies through collaboration on improving medication safety and education of clinicians and patients
- Identify problem prone processes and conduct tests of changes to improve safety
- Conduct and utilize medication safety research and best practices to improve processes
- Make policy recommendations


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I was reading the definition of smooth manifold and i am little bit of confused. Informally it says
A smooth manifold is a topological manifold (i.e. a topological space locally homeomorphic to a Euclidean space) equipped with an equivalence class of atlases whose transition maps are all smooth. Here transition maps are from Euclidean space to Euclidean space.
Now what if I replace the word Euclidean space by topological vector space $\mathbb{R}^n$. Still we will get some object as we can talk about smoothness in topological vector space $\mathbb{R}^n$ without using any reference of coordinate system. So how much difference is there if I do the replacement? And my other question is
What are the properties of Euclidean space, we use to study Smooth manifolds, which are not present in $\mathbb{R}^n$ just as a topological vector space.
Till now what I have found that to describe local coordinates in manifold or to describe basis in tangent space one need a coordinate system in $\mathbb{R}^n$ so that you can pull it back to the manifold to define local coordinate there. Apart from these, where do we use the properties of Euclidean space to study smooth manifold?
share|improve this question
Any n-dimensional Euclidean space is isomorphic to $\mathbb{R}^n$, so the terms are used interchangebly. – Nick Alger Jun 20 '13 at 21:54
@ Nick: Of which isomorphism between $\mathbb{R^n}$ and Euclidean space you are talking about.Is it vector space isomorphism you are talking about?Is it true $\mathbb{R^n}$ with $l^1$ norm and Euclidean space are Isomorphic? – timon Jun 21 '13 at 5:42
add comment
1 Answer
up vote 0 down vote accepted
Euclidean spaces are, by definition, $\mathbb{R}^{n}$. See if this clears things up for you. If not, come back and I'll try to help you some more.
Also, as the previous comment noted, any open set homeomorphic to an open ball will also be homeomorphic to all of $\mathbb{R}^{n}$ since open balls are homeomorphic to $\mathbb{R}^{n}$. Hence, in the definition of locally Euclidean, it does not matter if we a priori decided that our spaces should be locally homeomorphic to all of $\mathbb{R}^{n}$, an open ball, or an open set.
share|improve this answer
This is roughly Exercise 1.1 in Lee's, "Introduction to Smooth Manifolds". – Dylan Yott Jun 20 '13 at 22:58
@ Alex: I think there is a distinction between R^n as just topological vector space and Euclidean Space i.e. R^n with inner product structure. So how locally Euclidean and locally R^n could be same? Although topologically they are same but then why in the definition of manifold it asks to be locally Euclidean? – timon Jun 21 '13 at 5:10
@ Alex: If you don't have a standard co-ordinate in R^n,how you will talk about local coordinate in manifold? – timon Jun 21 '13 at 5:12
@ Yott: You are mistaken.May be I was not able to pose my question properly.But I am not asking the Exercise 1.1 mentioned in Lee's book. I want to know why call it locally Euclidean instead of locally R^n.What property of Euclidean space (where you can talk about angle and distance) we are going to use in future to study smooth manifold. – timon Jun 21 '13 at 5:27
Eventually, when you go deep enough to get to Riemmanian Geometry, you will starting putting inner product structures on your manifolds, but that's not for a while. For now, the words "locally Euclidean" and "locally $\mathbb{R}^{n}$" are synonymous. Also, locally Euclidean sounds better. The book you're reading doesn't make the distinction between $\mathbb{R}^{n}$ as a topological vector space and as an inner product space. The reason we use $\mathbb{R}^{n}$ as opposed to any topological vector space is that we already know how to do calculus on $\mathbb{R}^{n}$. – Alex Lapanowski Jun 21 '13 at 15:12
show 1 more comment
Your Answer


text:
Bag-in-box wines are more likely than their bottled counterparts to develop unpleasant flavors, aromas and colors when stored at warm temperatures, a new study has found. Published in ACS' Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, it emphasizes the importance of storing these popular, economical vintages at cool temperatures.
Helene Hopfer and colleagues explain that compounds in wine react with oxygen in the air to change the way wine looks, tastes and smells. These reactions speed up with increasing temperature. Many winemakers are moving away from the traditional packaging for wine — glass bottles sealed with a natural cork stopper — and trying synthetic corks, screw caps or wine in a plastic bag inside a cardboard box. The scientists wanted to find out how this transition might affect the taste and aroma of wine under different storage conditions.
Using chemical analysis and a panel of trained tasters, the authors studied how storage at various temperatures affected unoaked California Chardonnay stored for three months in different wine packaging types: natural and synthetic corks, screw caps and two kinds of bag-in-box containers. Storage temperature had the biggest impact on all of the wines. Bag wine stored at 68 and 104 degrees Fahrenheit aged significantly faster than the bottled counterparts, becoming darker and developing vinegar notes. All the wines they tested aged better when stored at 50 degrees F.


'3D Studio MAX'
'The Making Of Porsche '
by Karabo Legwaila
Cut in the green edges and adjust vertices to round off the top of the light. Chamfer the red edges by about 0.7 or so.
You have to adjust the light so that it curves with the body of the car. Add an "FFD 4x4x4" modifier to the geometry. This creates a lattice around the object. You can use the lattice to adjust the shape of the object. Expand the lattice sub-objects and select "Control Points." Now as you move the control points, the geometry will change shape. Use the control points to adjust the shape of the geometry so that it lies perfectly on the car geometry. The reason I chose to use a lattice for this is because it's a lot easier than than moving vertices and also, if you mess it up or you don't like what it looks like, you can hit the reset button and it will revert the way it was so you can try again.
When you get it looking the way you want it, collapse the stack and then select the polys shown and delete them. Hide the detached polys, leaving just the base for the light.
Select the polys shown in light blue and extrude them inwards. Chamfer the blue edges. Now unhide the geometry you just hid and put a "Shell" modifier on it then chamfer the edges.
Modelling the Car
Making the Accessories
Page 15
Making the Interior
Modelling the Wheels
3D Total Homepage


text:
High Kräusen is a German term, also widely used in English, which refers to the large, billowing, unkempt head of foam that forms on the surface of beer at the peak of fermentation. It refers not only to the foam itself but also to this phase of fermentation; when wort reaches the peak of its fermentation, it is often said to be at high kräusen.
The name comes from the German Hochkräusen or hohe Kräusen, which has the same definition and likely originates from kräus, an adjective denoting "wrinkled," "furrowed," or "frizzy." This word is often used in reference to a disorderly mane of curly hair (its infinitive kräuseln means to wrinkle, ruffle, curl, etc.).
In a traditional fermentation cellar, beer ferments in open vessels that allow the brewer to visually control different stages of fermentation. Low kräusen, the prior stage, has a dense, creamlike, and relatively uniform head of foam. Though white at first, copious amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) bubbles congregate particulates from the wort, causing the foam to develop yellowish-brown tips. Metabolizing yeast lowers the pH and causes unisomerized hop bitter compounds and resins to precipitate, along with tannins, denatured proteins, melanoidins, and other coloring agents from both hops and malt. This layer continues to grow, lose density (due to maximum CO2 production), and darken until it reaches its maximum height during peak fermentation, that is, the high kräusen.
During high kräusen the foam on top of the fermenting beer is intensively bitter and very adhesive. Its appearance depends in part on the composition and concentration of the wort, amount of hops, type, and amount of yeast, fermentation temperature profile, and rate of CO2 produced. Many of these intensely bitter compounds, some of them carrying coarse flavors, will adhere to the walls of the fermenting vessels during a vigorous fermentation, thus removing them from the beer.


What a Gas Smell in Car Means and How to Fix It
An in-depth guide on what to do if your car smells like gas. What a Gas Smell in Car Means and How to Fix It drivrzone.com
What do you do if your car smells like gas? Like most people out there, you will check the usual and most logical places on your vehicle for where the smell is coming from. Since the fumes of gasoline can have adverse reactions to your body, it is best to take care of it right away. Headaches, dizziness, feeling light-headed, and even feeling nauseated are some of those reactions your body will have to those fumes. In this blog, we will discuss what to look for and how to get rid of the gasoline smell in your vehicle, depending on where it is.
rwfilling the car with gas
Common Reasons Why Your Car Smells Like Gas
There are many places to look at for a gas smell in your vehicle. This is something that you should have taken care of right away or risk getting ill. Here is a list of places that are more common to look and some that are uncommon in that you might not even consider looking for the gasoline smell.
Injector Leak
This is something that is not car smells like gascommon, but if your fuel injector is leaking, it is usually leaking by the seal or O-ring. Make sure your car is running and look along the fuel rail, which is the area we locate the injector. If this is leaking, you will most definitely smell it, and there will be wetness around the injector.
The injector has a seal and O-ring placed at the top and bottom and can tend to dry out, which will cause cracking in either of them. If this is the case, then just put, replace whichever one is damaged, and you are good to go.
If the injector itself is damaged, then you will need to replace the whole thing. This would be a tough job on your own, so it might be beneficial to have your trusted mechanic to do this for you. The improper placement of the injector can cause the O-ring to be damaged.
Fuel Tank Leak
This is probably your most common form of leaking that you can have when looking for a problem. Your tank is under the car, and since it is exposed to the elements and whatever is on the roads while driving, there is potential for it to crack, rot, or be punctured.
When you drive out of your spot where the car is parked, you will generally find a puddle under your vehicle. Get under your car, and look for the fuel tank, then once there, look for wet spots or stains on the fuel tank. If this is the problem, you will need to have it removed and see if you can fix it yourself or replace the tank altogether.
Unfortunately, if you don't catch your leak right away, you could be on the road and find yourself in a potentially dangerous situation. If you are following someone who throws something out of their window that could ignite the fuel under your car.
woman closing her noseFuel Line Leak
Your fuel line runs under your vehicle from the fuel tank to the engine itself. Most fuel lines can become squeezed or rotted out because of the road debris while traveling. The old age of the line can also cause the line to leak or be damaged if someone who doesn't know what they are doing is working under your vehicle and crushes the line or breaks it unknowingly.
Fuel pressure in your car will run anywhere from 35 psi to 60 psi. So if there is a loose-fitting, or it compromises the line in any way, fuel can spray a mist outside of the line. If you follow the fuel line, especially if it is fuel injected, noticing a drip will be easy to find. It is best to let a mechanic repair the fuel line, and while they are doing completing that, they can check for other problems with the fuel.
Faulty Canister
You probably didn't know this, but there is a charcoal canister in the vehicle. They make this canister of plastic and filled with charcoal to filter out most of the excessive vapors from the fuel tank to reduce the number of emissions there are before being sent out the exhaust.
If the canister has a crack in it or a leak in the seals, you will get the smell of gas. Usually, this type of leak will set off a diagnostic trouble code, so you can take it to the mechanic to have it read on a reader.
car at gas stationMissing Gas Cap
This one may be silly to some, but if your gas cap is loose or not there, this can emit a smell of fuel in your vehicle. This will also set off a diagnostic code if they equip your car with this type of system. Since the newer model of cars has a vacuum test placed on the tanks for the gas cap when it fails, the light will go on in your vehicle.
It goes without saying that you need to make sure you have the cap on tight and adequately. Fumes can escape from anywhere that is not sealed, so be careful.
Gas Station Exposure
Silly, we know, but when you go to the gas station, you need to look around for spills. Sometimes when gas fumes from the station get into your car, you will need to open a window, drive for a while, and hope the smell goes away. If it doesn't, however, you are more likely the one causing the smell.
Sometimes when pumping the fuel, you are likely to spill gas on your clothes or hands accidentally, so make sure to check and wash your clothes and hands immediately if you notice it. This is relatively common when filling a gas can for your smaller engines at home, like the lawnmower.
Older Cars
If you are one of those people who collects old cars, or likes to drive them due to their simplicity, it is not uncommon to smell gas when shutting off the vehicle. This is because the newer models have built-in evaporation emission systems in them, while the older models do not.
So the fuel in your older vehicle will most likely release a small faint odor of gas once shut off because of fuel floating in the bowl of the carburetor. It will go away after a little while, but if it doesn't, then check those other areas we already discussed.
Uncommon Reasons Why Your Car Smells Like Gas
Oil Cap O'ring or Gasket Broken
This is not something you may consider, but if the O'ring or gasket under your hood for the oil cap is broken or leaking, it will cause a smell close to gas to be taken in by your fresh air intake. This means that when you turn on your HVAC, you will smell the faint smell of gas.
If you check here and see that it is a problem, it is a simple fix. Go to your auto parts store or dealership and see about getting a replacement.
Loose Spark Plug
Simply put, if your spark plugs are not correctly placed or sealed correctly, fumes from the combustion chamber could leak fumes into your HVAC. This is because the engine compartment is right next to this chamber and will give off the smell of gas.
Check each of your spark plugs to make sure they are properly sealed, and the torque is just right one by one and see if this helps ease the smell.
Leaking Oil
Open your hood and look to see if you have any oil leaking from the engine. Valve cover gaskets are prone to leaks, and because they sit above the engine, which is where most of the heat is while the vehicle is running, they can fail quickly.
The used motor oil in your car has a degree of unburnt fuel mixed in with it, so this can cause the smell of gas in your vehicle. Generally, for an oil leak, you would take your car to the mechanic to have fixed. This is so they can clean off the engine and fix the leak.
Exhaust Fumes
Leaks in your exhaust can get drawn into the HVAC system if the leak is close to the engine. Any leak that is located before the catalytic converter can have a ridiculous fuel odor because of the unburnt gasses present before the converter cleans it.
So if you notice your exhaust is louder than usual or there is a ticking sound when speeding up, have your exhaust manifold checked for leaks.
Cleaning a Spill
car exaust
Now, if, after looking at all these areas, you have determined that it is on the floor of your car from the bottom of your shoes in a transfer or a spill from a container, take these steps to clean the spill.
 1. Soak up excess gasoline with a cloth or old rag that you will not want when done.
 2. Get a cleaning solution or make one that is made up of carpet shampoo and water. Or, if you would like, mix an equal amount of vinegar, baking soda, and water.
 3. Scrub the mixture into the area that contains the spill. It will be best to use a brush to get it deep into the fabric or flooring.
 4. Now, dab the mix into a clean rag, trying to get as much of it back up as you can.
 5. Let air dry in the sun.
Eliminating the Odor cleaning gas stain
After you are done cleaning the spill, most people like to make sure that the odor is completely gone. Some options for getting rid of the smell are the following:
 1. Coffee Grounds – While this might not


Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) Tags for Date Microsoft
pdv Financial Software GmbH
Applications CBOR Working Group Compact Binary Object Representation CBOR Tag Date Internet-Draft The Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR, RFC 7049) is a data format whose design goals include the possibility of extremely small code size, fairly small message size, and extensibility without the need for version negotiation. In CBOR, one point of extensibility is the definition of CBOR tags. RFC 7049 defines two tags for time: CBOR tag 0 (RFC 3339 date/time string) and tag 1 (Posix "seconds since the epoch"). Since then, additional requirements have become known. This specification defines a CBOR tag for an RFC 3339 date text string, for applications needing a textual date representation within the Gregorian calendar without a time. It also defines a CBOR tag for days since the date 1970-01-01 in the Gregorian calendar for applications needing a numeric date representation without a time. It is intended as the reference document for the IANA registration of the CBOR tags defined.
The Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) provides for the interchange of structured data without a requirement for a pre-agreed schema. RFC 7049 defines a basic set of data types, as well as a tagging mechanism that enables extending the set of data types supported via an IANA registry. This specification defines a CBOR tag for a text string representing a date without a time. The tagged text string is represented as specified by the RFC 3339 full-date production. Per RFC 3339, this represents a date within the Gregorian calendar. This specification also defines a CBOR tag for an integer representing a date without a time. The tagged integer is an unsigned or negative value indicating the number of days since the Gregorian calendar date 1970-01-01. As an implementation note, this value has a constant offset from the Modified Julian Date value (which is defined by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory as the number of days since November 17, 1858); this value is the Modified Julian Date minus 40587. Note that since both tags are for dates without times, times of day, time zones, and leap seconds are not applicable to these values. These tags are both for representations of Gregorian calendar dates.
Calendar dates are used for numerous human use cases, such as marking the dates of significant events. For instance, John Lennon was born on October 9, 1940 and died on December 8, 1980. One such common use case is driver's licenses, which typically include a date of birth. The dates used in this specification use the Gregorian calendar, as do those in RFC 3339. The time zones and actual times of these events are intentionally not represented in the calendar date. The epoch chosen for the second tag, which represents days since the Gregorian calendar date 1970-01-01, is related to the IEEE Std 1003.1, 2013 Edition time epoch 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z UTC only insofar as both contain the date 1970-01-01. This should not be construed as indicating that dates using this tag represent either a specific time of day and/or time zone. The day of the week (Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, etc.) is not explicitly represented in either of these date formats. However, deterministic algorithms that are beyond the scope of this specification can be used to derive the day of the week in the Gregorian calendar from dates represented in both of these formats.
Comparison of dates in full-date format can be accomplished by normal string comparison, since by design, the digits representing the date are in fixed format and ordered from most significant to least significant. Comparison of numeric dates representing days since 1970-01-01 can be performed by normal integer comparison. Comparison of dates in other formats or using other calendars require conversions that are beyond the scope of this specification.
Comparing dates with times is beyond the scope of this specification. That said, if a date is augmented with a time zone and time of day, comparing that augmented date with other times becomes possible. For instance, if one were to augment John Lennon's birth date of October 9, 1940 with the time of day and time zone of his birth, then it would be possible to derive a time at which he was born that could be compared with other times.
This section registers the following values in the IANA "Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) Tags" registry. Tag: 1004 (value requested) Data Item: UTF-8 text string Semantics: RFC 3339 full-date string Reference: [[ this specification ]] Tag: 100 (ASCII 'd') (value requested) Data Item: Unsigned or negative integer Semantics: Number of days since the epoch date 1970-01-01 Reference: [[ this specification ]]
The security considerations of RFC 7049 apply; the tags introduced here are not expected to raise security considerations beyond those. A date, of course, has significant security considerations. These include the exploitation of ambiguities where the date is security relevant or where the date is used in access control decisions. When using a calendar date for decision making, for example access control, it needs to be noted that since calendar dates do not represent a specific point in time, the results of the evaluation can differ depending upon where the decision is made. For instance, a person may have reached their 21st birthday in Japan while simultaneously being a day short of their 21st birthday in Hawaii.
Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) Tags IANA The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7 IEEE
Thanks to Carsten Bormann for supporting creation of this specification. Parts of the explanatory text in this specification come from draft-bormann-cbor-time-tag-02. Thanks to these people for reviews of the specification: Henk Birkholz, Carsten Bormann, Thiago Macieira, Francesca Palombini, Michael Richardson, Jim Schaad, Juergen Schoenwaelder, and Dale Worley.
[[ to be removed by the RFC Editor before publication as an RFC ]] -04 Addressed shepherd comments by Francesca Palombini. Addressed additional review comments by Jim Schaad and Michael Richardson. -03 Added statement that these tags are both for representations of calendar dates. Described consequences of using calendar dates in access control decisions. -02 Addressed working group last call comments, including stating that time zones are not applicable to these values. -01 Changed "positive or negative" to "unsigned or negative". Added an implementation note about the relationship to Modified Julian Dates. -00 Initial working group version based on draft-jones-cbor-date-tag-01 with no normative changes.


Not really a tool but certainly a device that few woodworkers should leave out of their tool box.
Prior to the mid 1800s nails were forged or cut. These nails began to fall out of vogue during the19th century as cheaper steel or wire nails took over.
However, cut nails grip better than wire nails.
When a nail is hammered home the fibres of wood are forced downwards. To remove a nail the force has to be greated that the hold of the wood fibres acting like barbs/shark teeth on the surface.
Modern nails are round or oval and tapered only at the end, therefore wood fibres in contact with the nail bend downwards. Cut nails on the other hand taper from thick at the head to thin at the tip. The deeper the nail is driven into the wood the greater the wood fibres are bent thus increasing the force needed to remove the nail.
The other advantage is that with their squared off ends there is less likelihood of the wood splitting as the nail is driven in. Wire nails need their points dulled to achieve the same effect.
So. I was quite excited when I found these 9 assorted boxes (4Kg) of cut nails for $8.00. How could anyone resist!?


text:
1. What exactly are the changes introduced by this new legislation?
The law made several additions to the Education Code sections dealing with the course of study, classroom instruction, and instructional materials.
The bill added language to Education Code Section 51204.5, which prescribes the inclusion of the contributions of various groups in the history of California and the United States. This section already included men and women and numerous ethnic groups; the expanded language now includes (additions bolded):
"...a study of the role and contributions of both men and women, Native Americans, African Americans, Mexican Americans, Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, European Americans, lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender Americans, persons with disabilities, and members of other ethnic and cultural groups, to the economic, political, and social development of California and the United States of America, with particular emphasis on portraying the role of these groups in contemporary society."
The legislation also added some requirements with regard to instructional materials.
Education Code Section 51501 outlines prohibitions on material included in textbooks or other instructional materials. This section already included prohibitions on matter "reflecting adversely upon persons because of their race, sex, color, creed, handicap, national origin, or ancestry"; this bill added "sexual orientation" to the list. Education Code Section 60044 includes a similar prohibition; the language was added there as well, along with a prohibition on materials that contain materials that reflect adversely on persons on the basis of their occupation.
Education Code Section 60040 directs governing boards to only adopt instructional materials that "accurately portray the cultural and racial diversity of our society." That section already included a number of groups, and was amended to include all of those in Section 51204.5 as listed above. Finally, the legislation provides a reminder to charter and alternative schools that they are also prohibited in engaging in discrimination per Section 235 of the Education Code.
2. Does the law prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation?
Discrimination based on sexual orientation was already prohibited by Education Code Section 220 before Senate Bill 48 was passed. Districts are obligated to protect students from discriminatory harassment; see the CDE Duty to Protect Students Web page for more information. Senate Bill 48 emphasized that protection by reiterating in Education Code Section 51500 the ban on classroom instruction or other school activities that promote discrimination based on sexual orientation.
3. When does the law take effect?
The law takes effect on January 1, 2012.
4. What new instruction is required to be taught by this law? At which grade levels does this content have to be taught?
Instruction in history–social science should include the contributions of those groups listed above in Education Code Section 51204.5, but it is up to local districts to determine how the instructional content is included. That section applies to the course of study in grades one through twelve, but again it falls to the teacher and the local school and district administration to determine how the content is covered and at which grade level(s).
There are, of course, many places in the existing history–social science curriculum where the contributions of the groups covered in Section 51204.5 can be addressed. In the History–Social Science Content Standards for California Public Schools, Kindergarten through Grade Twelve, possible relevant areas include the California history standards in grade four, the United States history and geography standards in grade eleven, and the Principles of American Democracy standards in grade twelve.
5. Does this law change the California history–social science standards?
This law does not change the standards, nor does it include any authority for the State Board of Education (SBE) to change the standards to reflect the law's provisions. However, the content required by the law is not in conflict with the standards. The California content standards provide a description of what students are expected to know and be able to do at each grade level, but they are not intended to be a restrictive or exhaustive list of topics.
6. When can we expect textbooks that include the content required by the legislation?
Currently all SBE adoptions of kindergarten through grade eight instructional materials are suspended through July 1, 2015. A new adoption of history–social science instructional materials could only be initiated after that date.
Instructional materials for high schools are adopted at the local level by the governing board of a school district or other educational agency. The schedule for new adoptions is set by the local agency.
Districts may adopt supplemental instructional materials at any time, as long as those materials have undergone a review for social content (Education Code sections 60040–60045 and 60048). The CDE conducts social content reviews on an ongoing basis but a local agency may conduct that review itself at its discretion. More information about social content requirements can be found on the CDE's Curriculum Frameworks and Instructional Materials Web page.
7. How should school districts address questions and concerns from parents and other members of the community about this legislation?
As with any other district policy, school districts should be open and transparent in determining policies with regard to the implementation of this and any legislation. As noted in the answers above, the law provides a great deal of flexibility on how it is implemented. Education Code Section 35145.5 requires that local governing boards include opportunities for public participation in their regular meetings, subject to local regulations, to ensure the proper functioning of those meetings.
Education Code sections 51100–51102 outline the rights of parents and guardians to information, and support collaboration between parents and districts in the advancement of student educational goals. Those rights include the right to examine curriculum materials of classes in which their children are enrolled, and the right to meet with their child's teacher and/or principal.
Education Code Section 60002 states that, "Each district board shall provide for substantial teacher involvement in the selection of instructional materials and shall promote the involvement of parents and other members of the community in the selection of instructional materials."


Leaving a dent in the ground rather than your mobile device
"Your phone drops onto cold tiles, landing face down. A knot twists in your stomach as you reach for the phone…"
Normally that story would end with a smashed screen and the hunt for the warranty documentation; but now after recent research in Japan, fragile glass could soon be a thing of the past.
Smashed screens are one of the most common faults for mobile devices, an often occurrence even for the most careful of end users. Whilst many mobile devices come with scratch and impact resistance certifications, as well as several aftermarket options available; no phonescreen is invulnerable from cracks and smashes. However researchers at the University of Tokyo are determined to change this with glass they have deemed to be nearly unbreakable.
How do you create such a miracle invention? Aluminum Oxide.
What Aluminum Oxide does when combined with the advanced manufacturing technique called Aerodynamic Levitation (floating the glass and alumina particles via oxygen and heating with carbon dioxide lasers, is it creates a glass/metal hybrid. The resulting super glass is incredibly strong and also incredibly hard – meaning it that not only would it be highly impact resistant, it would also be very scratch resistant as the aluminum oxide Al2Oused in the process is second only to diamonds in hardness.
The applications for such a glass wouldn't stop at just mobile devices. This technique could also be applied to architectural, automotive or possibly even medical applications. The researchers are aiming for commercialising the semi-metal glass in 5 years, so you may not be seeing ultra tough phones and tablets in stores such as JB Hi-Fi in the new Eastland shopping centre for a few years yet. In the mean time, if you have any questions or problems regarding the screens in your mobile devices, feel free to send a call or email our way


text:
Our Kspace Kimberley teacher resources include creative projects, assignment questions and an online quiz, all linked to the Australian Curriculum.
They were developed for use with our Kids learning space, where videos, photographs and background help provide answers and inspiration for students.
Setting the scene
Kspace takes children to the Kimberley in 1990. The Kimberley is a distinctive landscape of rugged beauty, with a diversity of wildlife and a rich Indigenous history including deep cultural connections that continue today.
Questions children can keep in mind if visiting this scene at the Museum are:
- What animals are seen, and what do they reveal about the location and climate?
- What are some of the features of the landscape?
- Which people do we encounter, and what are they doing? What are their roles and relationship to the region?
Narrative and gameplay
Our free, printable visitor access guide gives a sense of what happens in the game before you visit the Museum. It includes storyboards on the Kimberley narrative and gameplay and a detailed description of the Kspace experience.
This guide is also helpful for students with hearing impairment, learning difficulties or limited mobility, who may need to prepare before they visit.
Primary source study
A stone spearhead from the National Museum's collection helps demonstrate a long Aboriginal tradition and the impact of European settlement on the Kimberley region of Western Australia.
Ten multiple choice questions for students to demonstrate their knowledge of the Kimberley region. The quiz questions and answers are also available in a printable version (PDF 100kb)
Suggested projects for children to make and do.
- Draw a picture or create a diorama of a famous Kimberley feature, such as a gorge, mountain range or waterfall.
- Produce two pictures of the same place, one in the wet season and the other in the dry season.
- Draw a picture of people engaged in an economic or cultural activity in the Kimberley.
- Create a map of the Kimberley showing major rivers, roads, towns and tourist spots.
- Create a map of the Kimberley showing Aboriginal language groups.
- Write and illustrate a tourist brochure for the Kimberley region.
- Make a poster featuring animals found today in the Kimberley. Include at least one amphibian, reptile, mammal and bird, and separate them into introduced and native species.
- Pretend you are a journalist covering the story of Jandamarra. Write an article or record a news broadcast describing a key event or series of events.
- Create a PowerPoint presentation looking at some of the different social and economic activities people undertake in the Kimberley.
Suggested assignments questions encouraging children to think and write.
- What does the term 'caring for country' mean to Indigenous people in Australia?
- Identify and discuss some of the positive and negative effects of agriculture on Indigenous communities in the Kimberley.
- What relevance does the story of Jandamarra have to a wider Australian audience?
- Australia's major cities are mainly in the south. What are some of the limitations to a major population centre in the Kimberley?
- Discuss some of the ideas about how the boab tree came to the Kimberley.
- The Kimberley is home to diverse wildlife but many species are endangered. What are some of the main threats facing these species?
Note: inspiration and answers for online activities, creative projects and written assignments can be found in the Kids learning space


text:
In recent blogs I have covered various aspects of the need for face-to-face (f2f) interaction in telework situations. Here I'll go into more detail so you can decide for yourself what's needed. What follows is a hierarchy of decision points.
Face-to-face interaction is usually most likely to be required where communication is sensitive or there is great uncertainty. Some examples:
- Marriage proposals
- High level diplomatic or political meetings
- Project organizational and/or review sessions
- Contract negotiations
- Performance appraisals
In short, f2f is desirable in situations where the involved parties need as many visual cues as practicable to make comfortable decisions. [Note that a previous blog pointed out that there is a difference between desirable and required.] As technology continues to improve it becomes easier to transmit subtle cues via telecommunications. As an example, the column Letter from China: Meet Dr. Freud in the 10 January 2011 issue of The New Yorker describes a series of Freudian analysis sessions in which the patients are in China and the analysts are in the United States. The communications medium? Skype. As is sometimes the case the interacting parties were more uncomfortable when meeting f2f for the first time than they were in Skype-mediated sessions.
Routine information exchange
At the other end of the spectrum is routine, no surprise, information transfer. Continue reading Face time, Part 2.5: Details