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Persistence is the Key
, 24 Jan 2013 Ms-PL
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Tutorial for using the Calvin C++ persistence library.
-- Calvin Coolidge
Calvin is a C++ persistence library or framework that allows programmers to easily save and load objects using keys. Objects are associated with a user configurable type of key that can be used to name objects specifically and save them or load them by that name.
This feature is the primary distinguishing difference between Calvin and the many other persistent libraries.
A quick snippet shows what this means:
// archives hold named objects like a database
filesys_archive ar( "../data" );
// name of the variable c is "c"
boost::shared_ptr c( new C( "c" ));
// save the object c );
// delete the object c
// load it from the archive
c = ar.load( "c" );
Calvin has most of the features you would expect in a persistence library. It's relatively painless to add persistence to your objects, with the only overhead being the addition of the name member to your objects. The above snippet uses a string, but virtually any value type1 can be used as a key.
This article assumes a working knowledge of C++ and how to use templates. The accompanying code has only been tested on VC 7.1, though I suspect it would work on either the Comeau or GCC 3.3+ compilers. It also requires the Boost libraries 1.31 or greater to be accessible.
There are many persistence libraries available for C++ programmers, so why write another one? The short answer is that no library had the features I needed and to revise any of them would probably have taken more time than rolling my own. Calvin isn't a large library.
That's not to say that I don't owe those other libraries an intellectual debt. Calvin builds on their ideas to enable the features that I needed. Perhaps you might need these features as well.
As you can see in the above snippet, Calvin allows a programmer to name instances and then save and load them. Of what value is this feature? To see the difference, consider what most other persistence frameworks do (or don't do as the case may be).
Other persistence frameworks are little more than serialization of an object into an alternate form. This is good for allowing an object to be sent across the wire or simply dumped to disk. But what if that object contains references to other objects? Usually these contained objects are serialized as well within the original object. Say you have objects A, B and C. B contains a pointer to A, as does C.
Figure 1 A is shared by B and C
You serialize B, it in turn serializes A and both are dumped to their store. You do likewise for C, and all is good with the world.
Figure 2 A is stored with B and C on disk
But what happens when you load B and C from the store? In most libraries, you would end up with two objects of type A that B and C each reference now. How to get around this duplication problem?
Figure 3 A is duplicated when B and C are restored
There are two commonly implemented solutions to this problem.
The first and most common is to require a root object that contains all the objects, such as a document or a 3D scene. This root object is the only object that may start a persistence operation, thereby eliminating the duplicate references outside of a single archive. This really isn't a solution but a constraint to the problem above.
Another solution is to allocate all objects to be persisted from a special pool, and then the pool is what is saved. This really doesn't eliminate the root object, but simply shifts it, making the pool the mandatory root object to be persisted.
Many applications don't find this prohibiting and can operate well within these constraints. Some applications, such as the one I write, share data across documents quite a bit, and if one piece of shared data is updated or changed, that change should be reflected in all the other documents. Calvin's solution is to allow shared instances to be named, and to then save each instance in its own record within an archive.
Therefore, in our scenario above, when B is saved, so is A, but A is stored on its own record and a reference to A is saved with B. Likewise, when C is saved, A is saved and C saves a reference to A. When C is loaded, it loads A. When B is loaded, Calvin notices that A has already been loaded and a reference to A is returned to B, so that B and C once again refer the same object.
Figure 4 A is stored separately from B and C
This type of late binding allows me to write utilities that operate on certain objects, such as a texture, without having to know about which 3d models use it.
Using Calvin
To use Calvin in your own applications, it requires three steps. First you must outfit your classes so that they may be persisted. Second you must name your instances when created. Last, write the code to load and save your objects in the appropriate places in your application. Let's look at how these are done in that order.
A Persistent Class
As nice as it would be to gain persistence with no additional code, C++ just doesn't have the facilities necessary to do it. Some scaffolding is necessary to achieve persistence.
The first question to ask yourself is, if the class must be made persistent in the first place? While lightweight, there is still some overhead involved. If yes, then will it need its own name? If it is an object potentially referenced by more than one object, then yes, it will need a name. Otherwise, it may be persisted inside a containing object (as Figure 2 above).
But what type to use for naming? std::string is my own preferred type, but by the virtue of template parameters, a name may be any value type that may be converted to a string via the << operator. Integers meet these requirements and only add 4 bytes of overhead. And if you keep your integer names as an enum within a single.h file, it is very quick and convenient too. (The test/example program in the accompanying source code gives an example of strings and ints as keys.)
If you're satisfied with your answers to these questions, then comes the relatively painless part of making the class potentially persistent.
// an example persistent class
// 1. include calvin.h
_TAG_ "calvin.h"
// 2. Inherit from calvin::persistent
class A : public calvin::persistent {
 int a;
 float a2;
 double a3;
 struct Aa {
 int a4;
 int a5;
 Aa(void) : a4(4), a5(5) {}
 Aa a6;
 // 3. Default constructor and constructor with the parameter of the key
 A( void ) : a(1), a2(2.0f), a3(3.0), a6(Aa())
 A( const std::string& name ) :
 persistent(name), a(1), a2(2.0f), a3(3.0), a6(Aa())
 virtual ~A( void )
 // 4. serialize method (used for both reading and writing)
 template
 Stream& serialize( Stream& s, const unsigned int version )
 return s ^ a ^ a2 ^ a3 ^ a6.a4 ^ a6.a5;
 // 5. friendship of allow_persistence
 friend calvin::allow_persistence;
 // 6. version of the class
 static const int version_ = 1;
As you can see, making a class persistent is simple. Five alterations and your class is ready to be saved to or loaded from an archive (which we will discuss further below).
 1. calvin.h contains all the code necessary to make a class persistent.
 2. The class itself must then inherit from calvin::persistent with the template parameter being the key type that names the object. Requiring inheritance rather than just using convention does two things; it provides the necessary base variable _name, as well as type information used by the library to know how to handle objects, whether they should be written as part of their containing object or handled as independently named objects.
 3. The class is required to have a default constructor (one with a parameter list of type void ) and one that takes a single parameter of the type used as a key. These are used by the library when restoring objects from persisted state.
 4. The workhorse of persistence is the serialize method. The same method may be used for saving and loading through the use of the overloaded ^ operator. As well, the version parameter allows a class to update and change while maintaining backward compatibility. Order is important in this method.
 5. This friendship works around many issues and provides the Calvin library with necessary access to members even if they are private. It's merely for convenience, but is well worth the one line of code.
 6. The version of the class, persisted with the class so that backward compatibility may be preserved.
There are some additional features of the library that can be used in place of the steps above, usually to solve specific problems that the more general features might not allow.
It is a matter of convenience that the library allows you to use a single method for saving and loading objects. Sometimes this is not practical


text:
Bead Shroud Fragment
An arrangement of small faience beads with original threading mounted on cardboard annotated: "From the Ramesseum Q. XVIII DYN XV Cent / BC". They were collected during the 1896 excavations at the mortuary temple of Ramesses II (Western Thebes) by the Egyptian Research Account. This is a fragment of a text band from a funerary shroud constructed of faience beads strung together in a net pattern, that would have been placed over the outer wrappings of a mummified body. From Quibell's excavations for the Egyptian Research Account 1896; see J E Quibell, 'The Ramesseum' (London, 1898).

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


El Salvador
El Salvador
1. Date of Agreement
Legal Title:
Agreement between the Government of Canada and the Government of the Republic of El Salvador on Air Transport
November 22, 1996
(ad referendum) Applied administratively
2. Other Instruments
November 22 1996
Agreed Minute (Code-sharing, non-scheduled services, capacity, Articles subject to review)
September 17, 2000
Diplomatic Note (Designation of Air Canada)
3. Characterization of Bilateral Agreement
A. Grant of Rights:
As specified in the Annex.
B. Designation:
Multiple, Air Canada.
C. Tariffs:
Single disapproval.
D. Capacity:
4. Routes and Associated Rights
Date modified:


What is Whitelist?
Many advertisers who buy advertising programmatically will only buy from a whitelist or against a blacklist. A Whitelist is a list of website domains that the advertiser is willing to serve its ads on. For publishers getting your domain name added to an advertiser's or DSPs white list is paramount in scaling Programmatic Revenue. Just because a domain name appears on a whitelist does not necessarily mean that the advertiser will buy that domain, the DSP's algorithm still prevails.
Advertisers and their Advertising Agencies use various tactics to build whitelists. Here are a few ways that buyers curate a Whitelist;
 1. Use a 3rd Party service like Comscore to source a whitelist
 2. Working with Publishers and Programmatic Sellers to get their whitelist
 3. Only include sites they know where their audience is located
 4. Only include sites they know perform (ie from CTR, Conversion or Viewability perspective)
Healthy Ads automatically sends our Whitelist to Programmatic buyers the First Tuesday of the month, making it easy for buyers to update their DSP based Whitelist.


text:
EL CERRITO -- While its setting and mild climate may not resemble a Caribbean island in any way, the city has become a center for steel drum music, a style that originated in Trinidad and Tobago, islands off the coast of Venezuela.
Steel drum musician Harry Best, a fixture at local weddings, parties and receptions with his band Shabang, opened Panwest Caribbean Steelpan Music Center on San Pablo Avenue in August.
The studio provides a central location for the steel drum lessons that Best, an El Sobrante resident, was teaching in Walnut Creek and Richmond. Best also teaches in San Rafael.
Steel drums, which produce a sound associated with calypso music, originated at the end of World War II, but the whole tradition goes back to African slaves, Best said.
"In Trinidad and Tobago, the colonial power was British," he said. "Traditional African drums were suppressed because it was thought they were used to foster runaways and rebellions."
Thus, the residents began a tradition of fashioning drums from whatever they could find.
The U.S. Navy brought steel oil drums to Trinidad after oil was discovered on the island. Eventually, an enterprising musician found that discarded drums could be made into instruments that created an original sound.
Soon players discovered that dents in the barrels could alter the sound and they "proceeded to deliberately create dents," Best said.
"The steel drum produces a tingling sound, a
Steel drums have come a long way since the early days. Today, drum makers stretch the bottoms of drum barrels, often custom made, into a concave shape using a sledge hammer in a process known as "shrinking the pan."
The depth to which the barrels are "shrunk" depends on the tone the instrument is expected to give.
Bass drums are shallow while a tenor steel drum pan is deep, producing a higher-pitched, shriller sound.
The steel drum sound is also determined by the number of drums used. A soprano drum is single drum, the alto is comprised of two drums and the tenor three. The bass is made up of six large barrels, Best said.
On average, a steel drum pan needs to be tuned twice a year, depending upon how much and how hard it is played. The finished pan is often painted in bright colors, or dipped in chrome for a reflective finish.
"These instruments are still hand-crafted and every steel pan is different from the others," Best said. "One guy in San Rafael makes them, and the biggest outfit in the United States is in Ohio."
Best is from St. Lucia, a small island in the eastern Caribbean, but he said he played the steel drums only casually when he was growing up because steel drumming on the island was concentrated in "some rough neighborhoods."
He became more active after coming to the United States at age 17 to attend City College of San Francisco and then UC Berkeley, where he was on the varsity soccer team.
Best and some friends got together to practice informally, and he eventually turned the pastime into a career as performer, recording artist and teacher.
Panwest Caribbean Steelpan Music Center is at 10855 San Pablo Ave. in El Cerrito. Details: _PHONE_.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


_USER_ {Bell:2005-11-01T00:00:00:0003-7028:1340, author = "Bell, Steven E. J. and Fido, Louise A. and Speers, S. James and Armstrong, W. James and Spratt, Sharon", title = "Forensic Analysis of Architectural Finishes Using Fourier Transform Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy, Part II: White Paint", journal = "Applied Spectroscopy", volume = "59", number = "11", year = "2005-11-01T00:00:00", abstract = "White household paints are commonly encountered as evidence in the forensic laboratory but they often cannot be readily distinguished by color alone so Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) microscopy is used since it can sometimes discriminate between paints prepared with different organic resins. Here we report the first comparative study of FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy for forensic analysis of white paint. Both techniques allowed the 51 white paint samples in the study to be classified by inspection as either belonging to distinct groups or as unique samples. FT-IR gave five groups and four unique samples; Raman gave seven groups and six unique samples. The basis for this discrimination was the type of resin and/or inorganic pigments/extenders present. Although this allowed approximately half of the white paints to be distinguished by inspection, the other half were all based on a similar resin and did not contain the distinctive modifiers/pigments and extenders that allowed the other samples to be identified. The experimental uncertainty in the relative band intensities measured using FT-IR was similar to the variation within this large group, so no further discrimination was possible. However, the variation in the Raman spectra was larger than the uncertainty, which allowed the large group to be divided into three subgroups and four distinct spectra, based on relative band intensities. The combination of increased discrimination and higher sample throughput means that the Raman method is superior to FT-IR for samples of this type.", pages = "_PHONE_", url = "_URL_ doi = "doi:10.1366/000370205774783232", keyword = "FORENSIC, PAINT, RAMAN" }


text:
What is Influence and what is it used for?
Influence is granted by the apartments in your cities and determines the number of troops you can train.
To see your current Influence, click on one of your apartments in your Neighborhood view. In the apartment screen, there is a tab located at the top labeled 'Influence'.
In the Influence section you can see your total Influence and how that total is achieved through the apartments in your cities. Higher level apartments will give you more Influence and allow you to train more troops at once.
In your Hideout, you can see the required amount of Influence required to train a unit.


Which Reptiles Are Safe to Eat?
Which Reptiles Are Safe to Eat?
In a survival situation, you can't be picky about what you eat. But that doesn't mean you shouldn't still take caution. Several animals may seem like a good way to fill your stomach but are just the opposite.
Many reptiles are safe to eat despite their venomous nature. This is especially true for snakes. However, it's recommended that you don't hunt venomous snakes due to their dangerous nature. The same holds true for hunting larger reptiles, such as alligators and crocodiles.
Hunting reptiles can be as simple as digging a hole in the ground and placing bait at the bottom. This method works best with turtles and snakes. On the other hand, it isn't very practical for huntings lizards since they can climb out in most instances.
Firearms are not recommended for hunting reptiles since most are small, and the bullet would obliterate the body, leaving next to nothing for you to eat. Instead, you can use a makeshift spear made from a branch and knife, or even just a sharpened stick.
Always remember to cook reptile meat thoroughly before consuming it. Never eat it raw. As long as you can identify dangerous reptiles to avoid, all you really need to hunt and eat them is a knife or spear.
Check out what animals are best for you to hunt in a survival situation.
Copyright 2020, TheSurvivalGuide.com


text: Is Device in Collection activity This activity verifies if a device exists in an SCCM device collection. The Is Device in Collection activity uses the PowerShell activity template to verify if a specific device exists in an SCCM device collection. The activity is configured to use a MID Server with PowerShell capabilities and to run a MID Server script called IsDeviceInCollection.ps1 to perform the test. To access this activity in the workflow editor, select the Custom tab, and then navigate to Custom Activities > System Center Configuration Manager (SCCM). Input variables Table 1. Is Device in Collection input variables Variable Description sccmServer The fully qualified domain name (FQDN) of the SCCM server. collection Name of the device collection. device Name of the device to verify is in the collection. Output variables Table 2. Is Device in Collection output variables Variable Description output Variable that contains the test result: True/False errorMessage Variable that contains the activity output error message. Conditions Table 3. Is Device in Collection conditions Condition Description Exist The device exists in the collection. Not exist The device does not exist in the collection. Failure Activity failed.


Flight of Coke Butterflies
Introduction: Flight of Coke Butterflies
We made these for my sisters wedding, they are cheap and easy to make ( although depending on how many you want they take a little time) but they look beautiful. And you get to reuse some of those plastic bottles.
Step 1: Gather Materials
To make these you will need
Clear plastic 2 liter bottle (empty)
Liquid lead ( gray or silver)
Translucent glass paint ( we did another batch later and used acrylic i will attcah a pic at the end)
Fishing Line
Needle ( or other small pokey tool)
Space for Drying
Step 2: Create Template
Draw a Butterfly the size and shape you want to make on a piece of paper ( any type of paper will do). Add lines to define the patterns on the wings - this will be used in the next step.
If you can't draw a butterfly i am sure you could find lots of pictures online.
Cut out your paper butterfly. This will be your template
Cut the plastic bottle into squares roughly the size of your template
Place the paper butterfly template on the plastic square and cut the plastic to match the template
Repeat as many times as you want
now you have a bunch of plastic butterfly shapes
Step 3: Wing Outlines
Now it is time to add some detail.You will be painting on the side that used to be the outside of the bottle - The plastic butterflies will still curl so you want the paint to be on the top/outside when you set them on the table ( creating a tunnel between the table and butterfly)
Use the Liquid Lead( or Liquid Silver) to paint the outlines of the wings, and wing pattern for the butterfly. You can make this as detailed or simple as you like
If you aren't good at free handing you can set the clear plastic on top of the paper template and trace over the lines that were drawn on your template
Set Aside to dry.
I let mine sit overnight but depending on conditions you might be able to do the second step sooner.
Step 4: Add Color
Once the Outlines are dry you can color in the areas using the transparent glass paint, Or paint the entire thing one color.
We used, Pink and Blue Opalescent Paint for the ones used for the wedding. The other ones used latex paint. and glitter over the top
Here you are just using a paintbrush and the Glass Paint. Paint however you like on the same side of the butterfly as the liquid lead outlines.
Let Dry
Step 5: Hanging Mechanism
For this part you can use the top or bottom of the bottle (or both) depending on which you like better.
If you use the BOTTOM:
Cut the bottom off the bottle evenly all the way around about an inch think.
using the needle poke holes around the open edge of the plastic ring.You will hang a butterfly from each hole so use that to determine how many holes and how far apart you want your holes
Poke a hole in the center of the bottom of the bottle. Thread a piece of fishing line through this hole to hang the entire thing.
If you use the TOP:
Cut the pouring spout off. cut the top from the bottle to form a ring of plastic about 2 inches thick.
Poke holes around the wider edge of the plastic ring. You will hang a butterfly from each hole so use that to determine how many holes and how far apart you want your holes.
Poke 3 holes along the other edge to hang the entire thing. These holes should be evenly spaced around the ring. Thread one piece of Fishing line through each of the three holes, tie the three pieces of fishing line together in the center leaving at least one long piece to hang the entire thing from.
Step 6: Assemble
Poke one hole in the top of each Top/Front wing. Take one piece of Fishing line, thread it first through one then the second hole. Bring the leading end around the back of the butterfly and tie the two ends together roughly equidistant from each wing. Leave one end of the fishing line longer than the other so that you can hang the butterfly from this long end.
Thread the longer end of the fishing line from the butterfly through one of the holes in the Hanging ring. Tie Off
Step 7: Enjoy!
Find somewhere to tie it ( chandeliers are great)
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 5 years ago
 how lovely
 9 years ago on Introduction
 Why do the butterflies in step 3 and 4 look so different? In step 3 the paint is very wiggly, and in step 4 it is straight like wire.
 Reply 9 years ago on Introduction
 They were actually from 2 different projects. I didn't have pictures of all the different steps from the first time we made them. I wasn't planning to make an instructable the first time around. So i used photos from both times they were made just to help people visualize what is supposed to be going on. They are both the same but it just depends on speed, patience, and personal style preference to make the lines straight or wiggly.


text:
When shopping for a second-hand laptop, there are a few key things to consider to ensure you purchase a laptop that meets your needs and is in good condition. First, it's important to make sure the laptop is compatible with your preferred operating system. Second, check the laptop's specifications to ensure it has enough RAM and storage capacity to meet your needs. Third, consider the laptop's battery life, as well as its age and condition.Fourth, make sure the laptop comes with any necessary accessories. Finally, read reviews from other customers to ensure the laptop is reliable and worth the price. With that in mind, you can be sure to find a great second-hand laptop that meets your needs. So your search ends here, because we eazypc.in give you the best deal of second hand laptop.
The Ultimate Checklist for Buying a Second-Hand Laptop
Check the type and speed of the processor, as this will affect the overall performance of the laptop.
- Processor type:
Make sure the laptop has a processor type that is suitable for your needs. Consider a laptop with an Intel Core i3 or i5 processor if you need a fast, reliable processor.
- Processor speed:
Look for a laptop with a processor speed of at least 2.0GHz or higher. This will ensure that the laptop can handle your tasks quickly and efficiently.
- Number of cores:
Make sure the laptop has at least 2 or more processor cores. This will help the laptop run multiple tasks simultaneously without slowing down.
- Cache memory:
Look for a laptop with at least 3MB of cache memory. This will help the laptop run faster and more efficiently when performing complex tasks.
- Thermal design power:
Look for a laptop with low thermal design power (TDP). This will ensure that the laptop runs cooler and lasts longer.
Consider the amount of RAM in the laptop, as well as the type of memory (DDR3 or DDR4). A laptop with more memory will be able to handle more tasks at once and will generally be faster.
When buying a second-hand laptop, it is important to consider memory capacity. A laptop with more memory will be able to run more programs simultaneously and will be able to store more data.
The amount of RAM can have a significant impact on the performance of the laptop, so it is important to make sure that the laptop you are buying has enough RAM for your needs. It is also important to consider the type of memory, as some types of memory are faster than others.
Look at the size and type of the storage drive (HDD or SSD). An SSD will be faster and more reliable than an HDD, but they are generally more expensive.
When buying a second hand laptop, it is important to consider the Storage capacity. This will depend on how much data you need to store, and how much you plan to use the laptop.
If you are using the laptop for basic tasks such as browsing the web or checking emails, smaller-capacity hard drives such as an SSD or HDD of 120GB or 256GB may suffice. However, if you are using the laptop for gaming or video editing, then you may need a larger capacity such as 500GB or 1TB.
You should also consider the type of storage, as some laptops offer a combination of SSD and HDD, which can be beneficial for faster boot times and more storage capacity.
Consider the size, resolution, and quality of the display. A higher-resolution display will provide a clearer and more detailed image.
When buying a second-hand laptop, it is important to check the condition of the display. Look for any signs of damage, such as dead pixels, discoloration, or any signs of physical damage. Additionally, make sure the brightness settings are adjustable and that the display is large enough for your needs.
You should also test the display to make sure the colors are accurate and that the viewing angle is wide enough. Finally, check to see if the laptop includes any additional display settings or features, such as an anti-glare coating or a backlit keyboard.
Check the battery life of the laptop to ensure that it will be able to last for a reasonable amount of time when unplugged.
When buying a second-hand laptop, it is important to consider battery life. Make sure to ask the seller what the battery life is like, as this will give you an indication of how long the laptop will last on a single charge. Additionally, try to get a laptop that has an easily replaceable battery, as this will make it easy to replace if the battery does not last as long as expected.
Keyboard and touchpad:
Test the keyboard and touchpad to ensure that they are comfortable to use and in good working order.
When buying a second-hand laptop, it is important to check the keyboard and touchpad for signs of wear and tear. Make sure that all the keys are working properly and that the touchpad is responding well to your finger movements.
You should also check for any sticky keys or other signs of damage. Additionally, test the laptop to make sure that the touchpad is not too sensitive or too slow to respond. Finally, make sure that the laptop is clean and dust-free.
Check the number and type of ports on the laptop, as you'll want to make sure it has the connections you need.
Check that all the ports are in working order. Test each port with a compatible device to ensure they are functioning properly.
- Ensure that all the necessary ports are available.
Common ports include USB, HDMI, VGA, Ethernet, audio jacks, and memory card slots.
- Look for signs of physical damage around the ports.
If there are any signs of corrosion or wear, it may indicate that the ports are no longer working.
- Check for the latest ports.
Newer laptops may come with USB-C, Thunderbolt 3, and DisplayPort ports. If these are available, they may offer more flexibility in terms of connecting to other devices.
- Consider the age of the laptop.
Older laptops may not have the same ports as newer models, so make sure the ports are compatible with your needs.
Inspect the laptop for any visible damage or wear and tear, such as dents, scratches, or discolouration.
- Inspect the body of the laptop for any signs of damage, such as scratches, dents, or cracks.
- Check the laptop's ports and connectors for any signs of wear or damage.
- Make sure all of the laptop's keys and buttons are functional.
- Ensure that all of the laptop's ports are functional, such as USB ports, HDMI ports, headphone jacks, and more.
- Test the laptop's display to make sure it is free of dead pixels and has good colour accuracy.
- Check the laptop's battery life to make sure it is still in good condition.
- Make sure the laptop can connect to the internet and check its connection speed.
- Make sure the laptop comes with the original charger and power cord.
- Make sure the laptop comes with its original operating system or software.
- Make sure the laptop's hard drive is free of any viruses or malware.
Compare the price of the laptop to similar models to ensure that you are getting a good deal.
The price of a second-hand laptop will vary depending on the age, model, condition, and specifications of the laptop. Generally, you can expect to pay from 10000₹ to 30000₹ for a used laptop. Factors such as the type of processor, amount of RAM, hard drive capacity, and battery life can all affect the price. Additionally, older models tend to be cheaper than newer ones.
Look for a laptop that comes with a warranty or consider purchasing an extended warranty for added peace of mind.
The warranty for a second-hand laptop will depend on the model. It is important to check the reseller's return policy and warranty information before buying a second-hand laptop. We offer a full warranty depending on the age and condition of the laptop. It is also important to check the laptop for any signs of physical damage that may not be covered under the warranty, as this could affect the laptop's performance.
Factors to keep in mind when buying a second-hand laptop, such as brand reputation, customer support, and software pre-installed on the device.
When it comes to buying a second-hand MacBook, or laptop there are a few key points to consider.
First, make sure it is in good working condition. Check for any signs of wear and tear and make sure all the ports and buttons are functioning properly.
Next, check for any software or hardware issues and be sure to ask the seller for a warranty.
Finally, do a bit of research on the model you are looking at to make sure it has the features and specs you need. By following these steps, you can make sure you get the best deal on a used MacBook or laptop. You will get everything genuine with the best prices only at _URL_ So without wasting your time visit us today or click on the given link and enjoy your tech journey today.


text:
- RACE (or RACING) SIGNALS (or RACE COMMITTEE FLAGS)
- Those flags flown by a racing committee, and used to signal conditions, intentions or
instructions to race competitors (see also
international code of signal flags,
prize flag and
racing flag 1)).
Individual and General Recall - Flag X (X-Ray) and First Substitute in the ICS; Disqualified (fotw and CS)
- RACING FLAG
- 1) A flag flown from a yacht that is taking part in a race, and struck
if it withdraws or when it crosses the finish line (see also
race signals' and
2) See race signals.
I Intend to Protest and Boat Incurring Penalty (CS)
- (adj) The heraldic term for rays that expand from a central point, but
which may also be applied to other charges and to ordinaries that are
similarly arranged – rayonné or rayonnant - but see
'radiated' and the note below (also
Flag of Tibet (fotw); Flag and Arms of Zakliczyn, Poland (Jarig Bakker)
Please note that the vexillogical term for rays spreading out from a central
point is radiating – see 'radiating 1)'.
- RADIAL ORIENTATION
- A term that may be used to describe the orientation of a charge, particularly (but not
exclusively) that of a star - for example: the star and crescent on the national flag of Pakistan
are placed on a diagonal line bisecting its green panel, whilst the star on the national flag of
Turkey is orientated towards the hoist and that on the flag of Sarawak has one point along the
diagonal meridian the rotational position (see also star 1)).
National Flag of Pakistan (fotw); National Flag of
Turkey (fotw); Flag of Sarawak (fotw)
- (adj) A heraldic term used when rays are seen issuing from a charge for example the Madonna radiated
as shown below but see 'radiant' (also 'radiating' and
Arms of Glogów. Poland (Jarig Bakker); Flag of Šuto Orizari, Macedonia (fotw); Flag of Ferden, Switzerland (fotw)
- 1) (adj) Rays spreading out from a central point and widening towards the
edge of a flag as in, for example, the naval ensign of Japan, or the flag of the
US State of Arizona – but see 'beam(s) 1)'
and the note below (also 'active',
'inactive', 'radiant', 'radiated',
'sunburst', and compare with
- 2) See 'expanding stripe(s)' (also 'converging stripes').
- 3) (adj) A group of objects or charges placed in an arc (usually from one fixed point)
as in the national flags of China and Adygea.
From left: Flag of Arizona, USA (fotw); National Flag of the Seychelles (fotw); Naval Ensign of Japan
National Flag of China (fotw); National Flag of Adygea, Russia (CS)
Please note with regard to 1) that the heraldic term for rays spreading out from a central point is radiant –
- RAGGED CROSS
- A traditional symbol of Burgundy and later Spain, and a cross (more accurately saltire) composed of diagonal bars with small projections a cross raguly (See also
raguly and saltire).
Spanish Naval Flag 16-17th C (fotw); Flag of the
Ferrol Squadron _PHONE_, Spain (fotw);
Infantry Colour 1693, Spain (fotw)
- A heraldic term meaning any number of small regular projections set an angle
on both sides (or on one side only) of a bar, cross or saltire and thought to
represent a roughly trimmed branch see ragged cross (also saltire).
Flag of Riedern, Switzerland (fotw);
Flag of Gloucester, Canada (fotw); Flag of
Damara, Namibia (fotw)
- RAINBOW COLOURS (or COLORS)
- See 'dressing lines' (also
- RAINBOW FLAG
- 1) One of several flags showing the colours of the rainbow, with three prominent examples being the gay pride flag
illustrated below and those of the Italian and British peace movements illustrated under peace flag
(see also multi-stripe').
- 2) An unofficial nickname for the national flag of South Africa.
From left: The Current Gay Rights Flag; The Flag of
Cusco, Peru (fotw); National Flag of
South Africa (fotw)
- 1) The act of having displayed a flag.
- 2) See 'enhanced'
- RAISED DETAIL
- A term used for the increasingly obsolete practice of inserting a layer of padding
between the surface of a military colour (or of a flag) and its (usually but not invariably)
embroidered main charge in order to give a three dimensional effect a padded emblem or
charge (see also
padding the sleeve).
Raised Detail on a Ceremonial Flag of San Cristσbal de la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain (Klaus-Michael Schneider)
- See 'Appendix V'.
Flag of South Holland, The Netherlands (fotw)
- RANGE FLAG
- One of the signal flags used on target ranges (such a red warning flag)
used to signal safe or dangerous conditions (see also 'red flag').
- RANK FLAG
- 1) A flag which signifies the rank of a military officer as opposed to that
of a civilian functionary - but please see flag of command',
'individual flag' and
'flag officer 3)',
'in abeyance' and
- 2) An alternative term for a distinguishing flag (see
From left: Rank Flags of a Field Marshall, Full General, Lt General, Major
General and a Brigadier General, Thailand
Please note, that although these terms are sometimes
considered interchangeable, the Editors have drawn a general distinction between
the command flags used by senior naval officers, the rank flags employed by officers
from the other armed services, the distinguishing flags of civilians and with
- RANK PLATE
- In UK, US and some other usage, a rectangular panel that is displayed on the vehicle
carrying a senior officer of the armed services, and used in place of or in addition to
their relevant rank flag or flag of command – an automobile, distinguishing, star
(see also 'car flag',
'flag of command 1)',
'flag officer 3)',
'flag disc' and 'rank flag 1)').
From left: Field Marshall UK and Five Star General Army and Marine Corps US (CS)
From left: Commodore Royal Navy and Brigadier Royal Marines UK, Rear Admiral (Lower Half) USN and Brig Gen USAF (CS)
a) The number of stars range between one and five
dependent upon the rank of the officer concerned.
In US service officers of the army and the
Marine Corps have red plates, whilst those of the USN and USAF have dark blue. In UK service,
however, officers of the army have red, of the RN and Royal Marines dark blue, and of the
RAF light blue (and that there is a combined services plate whose field is of vertical
stripes in dark blue, red and light blue).
- RASTAFARIAN/RASTA COLOURS (or COLORS)
- Symbolic of the Rastafarian movement, and (like the pan-African colours and identical to them) based
upon the flag of Ethiopia – see 'pan-African colours'.
State Flag of Ethiopia 1941 – 1974 (fotw); Two Examples of Rastafarian Flags (fotw)
- See 'proportions'.
- The image of a venomous snake (usually accompanied by the motto dont tread on
me) that is depicted either coiled or stretched - it appeared on several early
American flags and may be seen on the current US naval jack see the note following
Military Colour c1776 (fotw); Current
Naval Jack, US (Graham Bartram)
- RAVEN FLAG
- The flag considered by some sources to have been carried by Viking raiding
parties up until the 11th Century, and to have been carried by the Normans at
the Battle of Hastings (1066) (see also Bayeux tapestry).
- RAYONNÉ (or RAYONNANT)
- See 'radiant'.
Flag of Tibet (fotw)
- RAYS (or RAYED)
- 1) A term sometimes (and correctly) used in place of pointed to describe the
number of such points on a sun emblem – see 'sun emblem' and
'active and inactive', and
2) See 'beam(s) 1)'.


What Is Focusing Effect?
- Sep 17, 2018-
Focusing effect: The auditory characteristics of the human ear can be focused from a number of sounds to a certain point. For example, when we listen to the symphony, we concentrate our energy and listening on the sound of the violin. The music played by other instruments will be suppressed by the cerebral cortex, making you feel the pure violin performance. This kind of inhibition ability varies from person to person, and people who often exercise listening exercise have strong inhibition ability. We call this auditory characteristic of the human ear a "focus effect." Doing more exercise in this area can improve the ability of the human ear to distinguish the tone, quality, resolution and level of a certain spectrum.


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It is the most important and delicate operation, during which stigmas lose 20% of their initial weight and become special saffron.
We spread the fresh stigmata on metal fabric screens on wood embers. The dehydration is always carried out at more than 70 ° C and lasts about half an hour. To determine if the saffron is well dehydrated, the sense of touch is used and the color, aroma and appearance are observed. This process is vital for the determination of the organoleptic characteristics of saffron (color, flavor and aroma), in addition to the size it reaches.
The dedication we put into this process, the appropriate hygienic conditions, the rapid transformation process and the high temperatures used make a homogeneous saffron of excellent quality, without risks from the point of view of food safety.


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This document presents data mapping on our Platform and provides a detailed description of the new mapper UI.
Components that receive data from previous steps must be mapped to those steps for proper data processing. Data mapper matches the data from trigger Component to the corresponding fields in the action Component, and that's what we call mapping. You can read all about our current way of data mapping here. The process remains basically the same, but there is a different UI for it.
You will arrive at Step Configuration, which presents some of the following settings in tabs, depending on the Component. You may be familiar with them, but to be sure, let's go over each one.
In this tab you select the Component for this step.
Here you can select the required Component version. As versions may differ by functionality, sometimes it is essential to use the most recent or a bit older one, depending on the task requirements.
Some Components have more than one way of operation, so you are prompted to select one.
Some Components allow you to configure Local Agent.
Credentials hold authentication data for Components. In this tab you can select from the available credentials, add new ones, verify and save them. Also you can edit and delete existing credentials.
The actual mapping tab. Here you provide data input for fields required by the Component. There are three methods of mapping: Integrator view, JSONata view, and Developer Mode.
Integrator view is the standard mapping view, where you can see all the data fields:
JSONata view is intended for JSONata expressions in fields. You can switch to this view like this:
In both views you can evaluate the expressions and see which data will be seen as the result. As you can see, our
First Name and
Last Name in the field resulted in the complete name:
If you want to code your mapping manually, you can use the Developer Mode:
Data is evaluated the same way in Developer Mode, with green light showing that everything works, and red, if not:
Then, you can switch back to Integrator view:
This is where you retrieve a data sample. A data sample is an example of Component output data. It is essential in building integration flows, because it allows you to see what sort of data the next component in the flow will receive from the previous one. With this information you can configure the next component to act properly on the input it receives.
Tab for Step description. This is optional, but consider adding detailed descriptions to your Steps. This way Flow users won't have to nag you with questions. Additionally, there may be Credentials here, and a passthrough switch to turn passthrough on and off for this step.


_PHONE_ email icon1
Direct Steam Injection Benefits vs. Steam Sparging
Like the JetCooker™, the sparger heating device relies on the steam from the plant steam supply. Piping from a steam header directs the steam through a steam sparging nozzle that is located in the process fluid pipe. A common sparging nozzle consists of several holes which allow steam to enter the process fluid and heat it to the desired temperature.
An inefficient SpargerSparging Drawbacks
A steam sparging system has several disadvantages when compared to the Jetcooker:
 - Inconsistent steam mixing and heat transfer leading to product inconsistency and wasted energy
 - Nozzle clogging which requires maintenance
 - Steam hammer leading to process equipment failure
 - Imprecise temperature control which translates to higher energy cost
Spargers rely on external modulation by means of a valve to control steam flow and thus process fluid temperature. This type of operation can lead to steam hammer or unit vibration as the steam mixes with the process fluid in the piping or tank. Over time, this can contribute to equipment wear, piping damage and lead to poor performance.
Why Should I Replace My Steam Sparging System?
Replacing a steam sparging system is an investment in a long future of successful heating. By removing product inconsistency, reducing maintenance & eliminating steam hammer, our Hydroheaters have already made your heating process more efficient. But how can you justify this investment in terms of ROI? Learn exactly how much you can save on operating cost and improve your bottom line with our Steam Energy Savings Calculator.
Get a Quote
Instantaneous Steam Mixing in a Hydroheater
Another major difference between the Hydroheater and a steam sparging nozzle can be seen in the mixing process. The Jetcooker utilizes a single nozzle which focuses the incoming steam and accelerates it to a very high velocity (usually sonic velocity) before it comes into contact with the process fluid. This high velocity helps to atomize the steam bubbles and shear the incoming process fluid, which allows for a more complete, efficient heat transfer.
Tank Damage due to a Sparger Closeup of Tank Damage due to a Sparger
Spargers can cause significant damage to your tank walls
Steam Sparging vs. Hydroheaters Comparison Chart
Typical Tank Heating Hydroheater® Tank Heating
With spargers and other less sophisticated direct steam heaters, bubbles form and collapse on tank walls; causing hammer and damage to the tank and peripheral piping. The Hydroheater's patented technology produces steam velocity that mixes steam and water very effectively, eliminating steam hammer from uncondensed steam. This ensures a smooth and efficient heating process.
Spargers inject steam into one area of the tank, causing hot and cold spots. Both spargers & heat exchangers tend to over or under heat and accurate temperature control is difficult.
Hydroheaters precisely modulate the steam - heating to exact temperatures and maintaining uniform heating throughout the tank. Hydroheaters can be used to fill or recirc/trim heat the tank to meet and maintain exact temperatures. Hydroheaters can also heat the discharge on demand, so you only heat the water you need in a single pass.
Sparging causes uncondensed steam bubbles to evaporate to the atmosphere, wasting large amounts of energy. This lost heat/condensate can also corrode peripheral piping, ceilings and structure. This lost steam can cause hazardous mold & other allergens to build in an area. Less steam used: Hydroheaters use less steam than heat exchangers because they don't have a barrier between liquids. Better heat transfer: Hydroheaters transfer 100% of the steam's energy directly to the process fluid so there is no energy loss. Faster start-up: Hydroheaters heat the tanks faster and more efficiently saving cycle or batch time.
Spargers can cause severe hammering and vibration which produces tank and piping damage. Heat exchangers require costly hard water scale maintenance and unwanted down time. Less sophisticated direct steam injection devices often need acid baths and are often high in maintenance needs.
Patented technology to create sonic velocity of steam prevents hard water scale and unwanted down time. Proper sizing of the heaters and internal modulation ensures a smooth heating process so tanks and peripheral pipes are not damaged from hammer and vibration. The heater itself only needs a once a year preventative maintenance check and soft parts change. Wear parts should last up to 3 years with proper operating conditions.
Utilizing less steam, space, time means faster cycle times and less costs associated with heating tanks.
Looking for more information on our products? Head over to our products page.
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Hydro-Thermal Corporate
400 Pilot Court
Waukesha, WI 53188 USA
Phone: _PHONE_
Fax: (262) 548- 8908


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Beat the Lockdown: Target the Buck Between Does
Rut action slow? Pursue a buck that's leaving one doe and looking for another
It happens every season. Just when the chasing phase reaches its height, everything comes to a halt as bucks hole up with newly willing mates. But you can still fill your tag. The key is to catch a buck between does. A dominant buck may breed with two to five does during the peak mating period. That means he'll move from one doe to another up to four times. Here's how to catch him:
**1. Locate doe feeding areas. **Oak stands, fruit trees, cropfields, and food plots are the top spots. Look for tracks and feeding sign in the woods, and glass open areas to confirm does are using them.
2. Find doe bedding areas. Focus on good cover nearest the food. Does love to bed on gentle knolls in semi-open cover with scattered brush, tall grass, and thickets. Follow trails to uncover clusters of beds 2 to 21⁄2 feet in diameter or smaller.
3. Pinpoint the buck routes. Once you've found several doe bedding areas, look for travel corridors between them. Small bucks will move directly from one area to the next. Mature bucks will take a more circuitous route, using a brushy creekbottom, overgrown fenceline, or heavy timber between cutover areas to move unseen. Look for large tracks and the occasional fresh rub to confirm that the route is active.
**4. Hang your stand. **Once you find a likely buck route, follow it. Look for a pinch point, such as the head of a wash, a rock outcropping, or a riverbank, where the deer is forced through a narrow opening. Hang your stand downwind with a clear shot to the trail. Another great spot is directly downwind of one of the doe bedding areas; this is where a good buck will stop to scent-check for a hot doe—and present a good shot.
5. Stake a fake…and wait. If the cover is fairly open, place a subordinate male decoy just off the route to draw a buck over for a fight or to make him pause for a shot. Calling with doe bleats or short grunts can also draw a buck that's not traveling the exact route you're watching. Finally, plan to stay on stand all day. If a buck finishes with a doe at 11 a.m., he won't wait until evening to look for the next mate. And you won't tag him unless you're there.


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Increasing efficiencies and reducing costs in a food manufacturing facility can be a challenging task, especially considering all the factors that contribute to expenses. However, taking a close look at a facility's lift truck fleet to ensure each truck is being used for the right application is an astute way to help manage costs.
Three steps can help facility managers understand how lift trucks are being used in a facility and whether they are being used for the applications for which they are intended. These steps are fleet observation, cost measurement and consultation with a trusted lift truck dealer.
Step 1: Observation
Lift trucks are designed with specific tasks in mind, so there truly is a right truck for every application. Some lift trucks can perform multiple functions, but a truck is typically limited to two tasks, like horizontal transport and order picking.
There are two basic ways to get a better understanding of how lift trucks are being used and where they are most needed to accomplish material handling tasks. One is physical observation of the process by which materials are picked for orders and put away for storage. For example, reach trucks are designed to lift or retrieve pallets from racks, while pallet trucks transport loaded pallets of products from one area of the facility to another, such as from docks to racks. Facility managers can observe pallet movement to see where pallets are loaded and unloaded, and whether materials are moving frequently or are idle while waiting for an available lift truck.
Fleet optimization software is also available and can provide a clear view of every lift truck in a facility, including how each is used and how efficiently they are working. That information can help a facility manager determine the right number and mix of lift trucks (and operators) for maximum performance and optimum efficiency. Some fleet optimization software is savvy enough to track individual truck histories based on usage data linked to each truck's serial number and then present that information in a web-based interface that can be accessed online at any time. Making changes based on the generated data can increase efficiency and reduce costs.
Step 2: Measurement
Calculating service invoice totals can be a great way to understand exactly how much a lift truck really costs to maintain throughout its life. The best way to measure costs is to analyze the facility's cost per pallet move. However if that level of detail is unavailable, a simple calculation can be done by adding the total maintenance invoices for each vehicle for the calendar year and dividing that number by 12 to get a monthly average. If that figure is more than the cost of a lift-truck lease payment, it may make sense to lease a newer-model truck that requires less maintenance and offers advanced technology, like AC motors, which can increase productivity.
Some fleet optimization software can track everything from per-truck maintenance costs to age to service hours, providing a clearer picture of a fleet's needs. That's just the beginning, however. A web-based interface can facilitate data like:
- Per-truck parts and labor costs.
- Reports that can identify facility or regional cost-saving opportunities.
- Fleet replacement analysis.
- Consolidated invoicing.
Thus, aggregating many data points in an easily understandable manner can help a facility manager monitor and reduce overall costs per operating hour.
Step 3: Consultation
Although very important, data availability in the observation and measurement steps should not trump the value a lift truck dealer can provide when determining whether a facility's lift trucks are being used both appropriately and efficiently. Dealers have significant experience from working with different customers, so they are familiar with a wide variety of operations, procedures and warehouse layouts. Also, their extensive knowledge of lift truck applications qualifies them to offer sound advice on truck usage.
Dealers may see areas that can be streamlined or adjusted to increase productivity, such as opportunities to use narrow aisles or double-deep racking. They can even recommend and implement fleet optimization solutions.
Trying to force a single lift truck type to work in every process required will result in lost productivity and frequent maintenance, which can lead to downtime. Selecting the right truck for the job optimizes productivity, efficiency and, ultimately, costs. Observation, measurement and consultation with a trusted lift truck dealer, coupled with plenty of data, will help ensure the right trucks are being used in specific applications.
For more information, please visit _URL_.


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We present DG2VHDL, a design tool which can automatically translate abstract algorithmic descriptions, known as dependence graphs, to synthesizable VHDL models and testbenches representative of distributed memory and control processor arrays, known as signal flow graphs. This translation facilitates the rapid exploration of the large space of available parallel architectures for a given problem and frees the designer from having to code and test separately, using a hardware description language, every candidate architecture under consideration. It is shown that the quality and scalability of the automatically generated VHDL models is near optimal, in the sense that the time required to synthesize them as well as the area of the resulting hardware grows at the lowest possible rate with the problem size. This makes possible the high level synthesis of processor arrays for large size real world problems, such as the computation of the discrete wavelet transform and the estimation of higher order statistics, that are presented as case studies.
Keywords for this software
References in zbMATH (referenced in 3 articles, 1 standard article )
Showing results 1 to 3 of 3.
- Kittitornkun, Surin; Hu, Yu Hen: Processor array synthesis from shift-variant deep nested Do loops (2003)
- Manolakos, E. S.; Stellakis, H. M.: Systematic synthesis of parallel architectures for the computation of higher order cumulants (2000)
- Stone, Andrew; Manolakos, Elias S.: DG2VHDL: A tool to facilitate the high level synthesis of parallel processing array architectures (2000)


Doppler sonography findings associated with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt malfunction
Robert Y. Kanterman, Michael D. Darcy, William D. Middleton, Keith M. Sterling, Sharlene A. Teefey, Thomas K. Pilgram
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
85 Scopus citations
OBJECTIVE. Our purpose was to determine the overall accuracy of Doppler sonography and the accuracy of specific Doppler parameters associated with a compromised transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). MATERIALS AND METHODS. For 43 patients who had undergone TIPS, 64 correlated sonogramvenogram paired examinations were analyzed. Sonographic parameters assessed included absolute velocities plus absolute and percentage changes in velocities measured in the main portal vein (MPV) and in several intrashunt locations (including peak and minimum velocity). Direction of flow and change in direction of flow in the left and right portal veins were also examined, TIPS malfunction was defined as any shunt with greater than or equal to 50% stenosis or any stenosis with a portosystemic gradient greater than 15 mm Hg. RESULTS. The prospective interpretation of the sonograms using all available parameters resulted in a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 72% for detecting TIPS malfunction. Peak shunt velocity (absolute velocity and velocity change), distal shunt velocity, MPV velocity (absolute velocity and percentage change in velocity), change in minimum shunt velocity, and direction of flow in branch portal veins were found to have statistically significant differences between normal and abnormal shunts. Sensitivities for these individual parameters ranged from 64% to 84%, and specificities ranged from 70% to 100%. When either the MPV velocity or the distal shunt velocity was abnormal, the sensitivity was 94%. When both parameters were abnormal, the specificity for detecting TIPS malfunction was 100%. CONCLUSION. Doppler sonography is a sensitive and relatively specific means of revealing TIPS malfunction. Accuracy depends on analysis or multiple sonographic parameters.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)467-472
Number of pages6
JournalAmerican Journal of Roentgenology
Issue number2
StatePublished - Jan 1 1997
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Doppler sonography findings associated with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt malfunction'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
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Engineering and Modeling
Previous work at Cornell funded by NYSERDA resulted in development of two simulation engines for modeling energy use in greenhouses: GEM and modified EnergyPlus. Each has different methodologies and capabilities. For example, in addition to modeling greenhouses, modified EnergyPlus can also model plant factories. A single unified software architecture that merges the capabilities of the two engines would better facilitate the completion of GLASE tasks. To that end, the two engines shall be benchmarked against each other by running simulations of one or more identical greenhouse building model(s). The causes of any output discrepancies shall be determined and documented, and the anticipated approach to address discrepancies in the unified architecture shall be discussed. Software development shall be undertaken in order to create an integrated energy simulation engine with unified architecture that encapsulates the capabilities of both engines.


Audio devices (audiodevice.h)
Functions to determine the status of audio devices.
This file defines the audio device service, which reads audio device change events. For example, using the audio device service allows an application to receive notifications when audio should be directed to the HDMI output because an HDMI cable has been plugged in.
You should call the function audiodevice_get_info() to verify that the audio device you want to use exists on the platform. If the specified audio device does not exist, the function returns BPS_FAILURE, *info is not updated, and using the unavailable audio device type or accessing *info may result in program error or termination.
BlackBerry 10.0.0
Last modified: 2014-05-14
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Aventri Debuts Virtual Events Platform 2.0 Read the Full Announcement
12 Ways to Make Your Onsite Events Safer Following COVID-19
Damarley Robinson |
attendees practicing social distancing event by sitting 6 feet apart during an in-person eventWith the world slowly but surely beginning to open back up, in-person gatherings require extensive measures to continue ensuring the public's safety. Event professionals around the world are planning with some necessary precautions to ensure in-person events prioritize the health and safety of both their staff and their attendees.
Here, we share a few tips on how to make your onsite events safer following COVID-19.
1. Provide Resources Detailing Symptoms of Illness
Even before attendees arrive onsite, you can begin to implement ways to ensure the public's safety. Before arrival, send out frequent communications to your event registrants via email or mobile event app notifications detailing COVID-19 symptoms. The Center for Disease Control (CDC) has a comprehensive list of symptoms complete with a Self-Checker Guide through which individuals can consider their current state. Encourage your potential attendees to stay home if they present any symptoms of illness for their well-being and the safety of others.
2. Consider Your Venue Capacity
Take time to consider your venue capacity to comply with state and local mandates and guidelines. When considering where your event will be hosted, be sure your venue is large enough to maintain an appropriate 6-feet of social distancing given that small liquid droplets can travel from the nose or mouth when one coughs, sneezes, or speaks. Additionally, to facilitate proper social distancing, consider hosting your event outdoors.
3. Staff Temperature Checks
temperature checks
In addition to ensuring your attendees are symptom-free, go one step ahead and conduct staff temperature checks. Because one of the primary COVID-19 symptoms includes fever, be sure that none of your staff members who may come in contact with attendees measure above the average body temperature of 98.6° F.
4. Minimize Person-to-Person Contact
In striving for maximum safety, bear in mind alternative contactless methods to minimize person-to-person contact when your attendees arrive onsite. For example, there are a variety of contactless technologies available to you, from self-service check-in methods to contactless access control. These state-of-the-art tools will not only help you reduce the number of staff needed on-site, but also prevent and reduce the spread from an infected person.
5. Have Supplies On-Hand
Once onsite, be prepared to provide your attendees with various safety supplies such as face coverings and hand sanitizer. While you should require or encourage your registrants to wear a proper facial covering before arrival, be prepared with these supplies on-hand for anyone without them or for anything last-minute needs.
6. Handwashing Stations and Signs
hand sanitizing station
At your onsite event, be sure to have clear signage available which points to all handwashing stations located throughout your venue. Additionally, consider setting up posters at these locations detailing the steps on how to properly wash your hands. A great example is the World Health Organization's (WHO) handwashing leaflet and poster which can be located here.
7. Offer Pre-Packaged Food Options
If your event includes a breakfast, lunch, or dinner, or you typically have snacks and meals catered, you may consider offering pre-packaged food options instead. By providing your attendees with a variety of grab-and-go meals, you can eliminate lines and large congregating groups and ensure increased safety at your onsite event.
8. Contact Tracing
Even after your event concludes, you can ensure you are continuing to take suitable measures towards your attendees' safety. In case any of your attendees test positive for COVID-19, having a method of contact tracing in place can help significantly reduce the spread. The CDC provides several contact tracing resources on their website. If the need arises, be sure you can follow up with those who were in close contact with someone who was infected.
9. Sanitization Before, During, & After Your Event
sanitation crew cleaning the event floor to prevent the spread of covid-19From beginning to end, be sure to implement a thorough sanitization procedure. Think about sourcing a professional cleaning service to properly disinfect the venue before your event is set up and after your event concludes. Furthermore, consider designating specified staff to wipe down highly frequented surfaces during your event to minimize any potential risks.
10. Draw Up a Medical Response Plan
In addition to an immediate solution, a medical response plan should be prepared before your event in case a serious situation arises. In case of an emergency, it is recommended that you have your nearest Emergency Room and Hospital located and you work with your local healthcare workers and emergency responders to develop an outline of proper procedures.
11. Designate a First-Aid/Isolation Location
Given that the safety of your staff and attendees is of the utmost importance, you must be prepared for any unforeseeable circumstances. Another practical measure to take includes designating a first-aid or isolation location in case any one of your attendees demonstrates symptoms of illness and requires action to be taken fast.
12. Establish Virtual Participation Options
The events industry is fast adapting, and over the past few months, many in-person events have had to pivot to a virtual format. Additionally, many in-person events moving forward are being planned as hybrid events and will in some way feature a virtual option or component. If any of your registrants are sick or begin to feel symptoms before arriving onsite, or if any of your registrants are high-risk individuals or simply do not yet feel comfortable attending in person, have a virtual plan in place so they do not miss out on your event.
In conclusion, following the outbreak of COVID-19, in-person events will need to adhere to extensive safety measures to ensure the safety and well-being of their staff, attendees, and the general public. We hope the tips listed above will help you plan for the success and safety of your future onsite events.
Aventri is committed to safely and effectively assisting clients in holding your in-person event. Request a demo and learn how our products and services are geared toward the return to in-person events and have been instrumental in maintaining the health of individuals when meeting face-to-face.
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This Post was Written by Damarley Robinson
Damarley has worked at Aventri since 2019 as an SEO Analyst. He excels at leveraging the power of analytics and user feedback to create and sustain brand loyalty, boost visibility, and creates compelling web content that drives inbound traffic.
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|Claim this listing|
Admission Fee: Adults - $5, Seniors/Students - $3, Children under 12, JAMSJ Members & Active Military Personnel - FREE
The purpose of the Japanese American Resource Center / Museum (JARC/M) is to collect, preserve, and disseminate the arts, culture and history of Japanese Americans, with the emphasis in Santa Clara Valley. There is a rich history of our involvement in the life and development of the Valley. Japanese Americans have made significant contributions to American history and culture. JARC/M believes that these contributions should be recognized and known by the larger community.


Our previous blog post presented some compelling reasons why paragraph and character styles should be used for styling text. Not only do styles provide consistency and prevent possible error, should you decide to export the document to HTML they provide some control over how these files are written.
The same can be said for using Object Styles for styling containers for elements such as those used for images. When exported to HTML or ePub a limited number of properties are written to the.css file. These involve attributes having to do with the border and fill: border-color, border-width, border-style, and background-color. For anchored frames: space above, space below, and justification is left to styling for the paragraphs to which the object is anchored.
For both anchored and floating graphics there are two dialogs which give some additional control over how information for images are written to the.css:
 1. The Image tab for document HTML Export Options
 These settings apply to all image files in the document
…HTML image export options
 1. Export Options in the Object Style Options Dialog
 These settings apply specifically to only those objects styled with the individual object style.
…Object Style EPUB and HTML image export options
One place that Object Styles are often used is for text enclosed in a border or over a background.
This was, until the October release of InDesign. With the later versions, you may consider using a paragraph style with Paragraph Border and/or Paragraph Shading attributes set. Paragraph Border works almost perfectly saving the following attributes to the.css file (this for a style named Pullquote):
p.Pullquote {
 border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;
 font-family:"Hoefler Text", serif;
Paragraph Border Using Object Styles
Even with the new paragraph border properties, you might decide to use the original anchored frame method. The anchored text frame has the added advantage of allowing text inset settings. Another consideration of using the anchored text frame is that the InDesign provides a number of size options that can be set for images and Object Styles. (These are available in both the Image tab for HTML Export Options and the Export Options tab for Object Styles.)
…Size Dropdown in Object Style Export Options
When using a paragraph style having the paragraph border settings, the frame for the text expands with the width of the text column. This is true even when the Width property is set to Text. (Maybe this will change with future upgrades.)
InDesign does give you plenty of options for setting up your HTML/Epub export. With the help of text and object styles, you can get your files to output just the way you want them to display.
Suppose your document has separate frames for an image or pull quote in the side bar of a document layout. You want these elements to be consistently in the same place for each version (or issue) of the document. Until the October 2017 release of InDesign you would probably have to relsort to using a template. But assuring consistent frame size and positioning can now be done with Object Styles. Yes, I said it: Object Styles.
In the document you are saving as a style sheet, create Object Styles for those frames (image or text) that you want to save with Size and Position Options set. Enter these settings in the Size and Position Options tab.
..Size and Position Options
To create your next version of this document, create the document from an established document preset and import Text Styles and Object Styles from your stylesheet.
Create any sized frame anywhere on the page and apply the appropriate Object Style. Your perfedtly sized and positioned frame pops into position. Better yet, create a script to do it all by incorporating code such as the following:
Code Snippet:
(*Assumes document exists with Images layer and object style as named*)
set objStyName to "fStyle"
tell application "Adobe InDesign CC 2018"
 set measurement unit of script preferences to points
 set docRef to document 1
 set layerRef to layer "Images" of docRef
 set styleRef to object style objStyName of docRef
 tell page 1 of docRef
 make rectangle with properties ¬
{name:"myFrame", applied object style:styleRef, item layer:layerRef}
 end tell
end tell
Imagine being able to import a number of Object Styles (possibly named incrementally) with size and position properties. Run a script that loops through the list of styles and not only creates the frames, but also places the content as part of the process.
For your next major project, take the little extra time necessary to use text and object styles for all its styling. As part of the process save a page of the document as a style sheet with all of your styles ready for import the next time you create a version of the document (or one similar).
Scripts provided are for demonstration and educational purposes. No representation is made as to their accuracy or completeness.areaders are advised to use the code at their own risk.


text:
Fathom Five National Marine Park of Canada: A World-Famous Shipwreck Diving Destination
A forerunner of the National Marine Conservation Area (NMCA) System, Fathom Five National Marine Park is a world-famous diving destination due to the large number of historic shipwrecks preserved in the clear freshwaters off Tobermory, Ontario. At least 27 historic shipwrecks are located within the park boundaries, which is situated at the northern end of the Bruce Peninsula separating Georgian Bay from Lake Huron. Because of the numerous rocky islands and shallow reefs, combined with frequent fog and violent storms, navigation has always been dangerous in this area.
Originally, the Government of Ontario established a provincial marine park at Tobermory in 1972 in order to protect the significant shipwrecks in the area. The operation of the park was transferred to the federal government in 1987, and Fathom Five became Canada's first national marine park. It is now included within the NMCA System, the goal of which is to protect and conserve representative examples of Canada's natural and cultural marine heritage and to provide opportunities for public education and enjoyment.
The engine bed and remains of the lower portion of the steam engine on the W.L. Wetmore © Parks Canada
The wrecks in Fathom Five represent the most common types of commercial vessels that would have plied the waters of the Great Lakes during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. They include sailing schooners, fishing vessels, steamers and tugs, and various smaller craft. The vessels were employed to transport lumber and grain, for commercial fishing, or to carry passengers and freight to small communities around the lake.
Divers at the bow of the Sweepstakes. © Parks Canada / Denis Pagé
Even non-divers can enjoy viewing these sites, thanks to the glass-bottom boat tours that pass over the wreck Sweepstakes, which lies in shallow, clear water. The Sweepstakes, a two-masted wooden schooner, was launched in 1867. The vessel struck a rock off Cove Island on the evening of August 23, 1885. The crew managed to make their way safely to the nearby lighthouse. Sweepstakes was salvaged a week later, and towed to Big Tub Harbour for repairs. However, the vessel was too badly damaged and could not be saved, so all of the valuable equipment and rigging was stripped and Sweepstakes was abandoned in the location where it rests today.
Note that a number of archaeological sites are also located on the islands within the park boundaries.
Fathom Five National Marine Park
Diving in Fathom Five National Marine Park
Visitor's Centre for Fathom Five National Marine Park
R. James Ringer and Patrick Folkes, A Marine Archaeological Survey of Fathom Five National
Marine Park. National Historic Sites and Parks Branch, Environment Canada/Parks Service


text:
Date of this Version
I present marrow fat (MF) data from a large sample of white-tailed deer fawns killed by wolves and a sample of fawns that died by accident in a single area, and I use these data to explore the extent that poor nutritional condition may have predisposed fawns to wolf predation. Percent MF of 110 5–10-month-old white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) fawns killed by wolves (Canis lupus) from November through April 1984–2002 in northeastern Minnesota, USA, was lower than MF for 23 fawns killed by accidents in the same area and period. The MF of both male and female wolf-killed fawns decreased over winter. The MF of male fawns decreased as a snow-depth index increased, but MF of females showed little relationship to the snow-depth index and was higher than that of males. Poor nutritional condition is one factor that predisposes deer fawns to wolf predation during winter and spring. This information expands our knowledge of wolf–prey relations by documenting that, even with younger prey animals that might be thought vulnerable because of youth alone, poor nutritional condition also is an important factor predisposing them to wolf predation.


- The Solar Journey
Episode #004 - Christian Breyer
Episode #004 with Torsten Brammer & Christian Breyer:
Our guest in episode #004 of The Solar Journey is Christian Breyer. Christian is a professor of solar economy at the renowned finlandian LUT University. Prior to engaging in world-changing research, and publishing more than 250 scientific papers and 20 books and book chapters, Christian worked at Q-Cells in various roles in R&D and the market development department.
Christian is a co-founder of Energy Watch Group which regularly publishes cutting edge research about the energy future of our society. As part of his roles, he co-authors the "Global Energy System Based on 100% Renewable Energy" report. In this extensive report, it is clearly stated that a transition to 100% renewable energy is feasible with current technologies and most likely we, as a society, will even save money if we do it!
If you want to connect with Christian Breyer you can find him on LinkedIn.
Show Notes:
Interesting points covered in this episode for those of us on our own Solar Journey):
 - Hear an innovative approach to shift the corporate culture of established utility companies.
 - How did Christian make a move from a tax advisor to physicist and then professor of the solar economy?
 - What opportunities lead Christian to Finland, of all places, considering Finland doesn't have a lot of sun?
 - Hear some insights into the manmade nature of global warming.
 - Climate change is more dangerous than COVID-19: Why does humanity struggle with recognizing its threat?
 - What are the required resources to compute his hallmark 100% renewable energy model with 50M variables and 50M constraints in a stable way?
 - Hear a discussion of the three key scenarios on how to get to a 100% sustainable energy system.
 - Learn the number of installed solar Gigawatts required to run a 100% sustainable global economy.
 - How reliable is the IEA Global Energy Outlook?
 - What is the outline of a pathway to a sustainable aviation industry?
 - Who has to make the call to get all of us on the path towards a sustainable future and ensure our survival?
[00:00:03.430] - Torsten
OK. So welcome, everybody, to a new episode of The Solar Journey. Today we have Christian Breyer as our guest, welcome Christian.
[00:00:16.930] - Christian
It's a pleasure to discuss with you, Torsten.
[00:00:20.380] - Torsten
So let me just briefly introduce Christian. So he's currently a professor of solar economy in Finland. He's with the Lappeenranta-Lahdi University of Technology, in short, LUT. And he focuses on research and teaching solar economy. Energy scenarios and their market mechanisms. And before that, he was a managing director and scientific director of the ReinerLemoine Institut in Germany in Berlin. And this institute does research on how mankind can get to 100 percent renewables. And how we can manage the energy transition. He holds a Ph.D. on economics of hybrid photovoltaic power plants.
[00:01:10.850] - Torsten
He also worked in the solar industry, as in the R&D and Market Development Department of Q-Cells a former and still world market leader in solar cell manufacturing and solar plant engineering. This is actually where we met, Christian. When was that? Few years ago, 2000?
[00:01:30.410] - Christian
Well, roughly 10 years ago from now.
[00:01:34.790] - Torsten
And he's on top of that. A co-founder of the DESERTEC Foundation engaged in the photovoltaic power systems program of the International Energy Agency.
[00:01:46.790] - Torsten
And the chairman of, for renewable energy of the energy watch group. And he has published more than 250 scientific papers and about 20 books or book chapters, major reports and also coal editor and contributor. So, again, a warm welcome Christian. I personally, I would call you the Oracle for the future of renewables in Europe. I don't know about the world, but possibly also that.
[00:02:22.950] - Torsten
I don't know anyone who's got that. Focus on the subject, of the solar economy. Who in the world would you regard as working on your eye level? And who would you admire for that kind of research you also do? Who do you look up to in your area?
[00:02:44.910] - Christian
To be honest, as a researcher, you always work or you overstand on the shoulders of the Giants before you. And as a researcher then you in the very end, you add a small piece of insight to what had been all available. But maybe answering your question in more detail, I would take a kind of a broader perspective cause nowadays, it's easy to be for a sustainable world. However, where did this really... the real triumph started?
[00:03:21.300] - Christian
It had been a complete, different world. Just think back to the 1960s when Rachel Carson wrote a book called The Silent Spring, where finally all the birds died due to chemicals all around, OK. Nowadays, we, accelerate the process with dying insects and due to that huge loss of birds. But that was a kind of initial step to get huge nongovernmental organizations like Greenpeace and others in the consequence founded.
[00:03:54.480] - Christian
So these are the real giants or then in the 70s. Was the Club of Rome the limits to growth? So where we really understood for the first time, we cannot go for an ever lasting exponential growth. And maybe that's then a follow up question. What does it mean for renewables? But now, coming closer to solar economy, the first to really catch down what solar economy means was Hermann Scheer, finally, a politician with background in social sciences.
[00:04:24.210] - Christian
He wrote a book. Now, more than 20 years ago, and in the English version, the title of the book is Solar Economy. And it was really catched down what it really means. But to be honest, the real triumph from the scientific point of view had been the person practically no one knows it. Bent Sörensen. He is from Denmark and he published in the mid 70s, the first one hundred percent renewable energy research article in a full analytical way, though.
[00:04:57.170] - Christian
And even in the 90s, 1990s. Such analysis for the entire growth. And it took more than fifteen years that a second researcher re-did the job.
[00:05:10.950] - Christian
So he was obviously half a generation or even more than that ahead of the rest of the planet. Another real giant, what we nowadays do is just to do it better. What already exists!
[00:05:24.510] - Torsten
Yeah. Interesting. Interesting. So Solar Economy, Hermann Scheer you think. Chiseled that name. He defined the time of the Department of Research or activity as the first person.
[00:05:42.130] - Christian
Yeah to be honest, it's not only research, in the social sciences or in psychology. We know that in the very end, you have only a few persons defining a new field and they have maybe a visionary power with new ideas. And if these ideas are really good, then others maybe will understand that and then follow them and then spread the idea to society. And without such visionary power, there are no followers. And obviously, Hermann Scheer had been one of the very first really thinking on that.
[00:06:21.720] - Christian
I would not say that everything is 100 percent perfect. What he ever said. I'm far from that. But the core of everything is great. But of course, this is just the visionary power to get started. At the end, of course, it has to be elaborated. It has to be discussed in the societal discourse that really a broad society with various stakeholders can check it from their individual perspective so that finally it's a kind of a societal commonsense to get it executed, a kind of a transition in society.
[00:06:53.250] - Torsten
And of course, we should not forget to mention such giants like Hans Joseph Fell, who finally together with Hermann Scheer in Germany 20 years ago, by the way, roughly 20 years ago, now and introduced the feed-in tariff law in Germany, which was a copy paste law for more than 100 countries, and spreading renewables around the planet on a very clever, innovative idea and innovative idea is we have a simple law in the beginning, a simple law.
[00:07:23.220] - Christian
Then it was destroyed later on by opponents. But anyway, a simple law that everyone can contribute to a revolution to get a sustainable energy system. And I think this is a great invention from a political field, from a societal point of view, and finally also from a legal point of view, because it enables everyone to be part of the energy revolution, not only the usual suspects like large utility companies or others.
[00:07:51.240] - Torsten
Excellent let me come. Thanks a lot


text:
ON THIS WIKI
Rune of Superior Capacity
|Rune of Superior Capacity|
|Name||Rune of Superior Capacity|
|Source Mod||Blood Magic|
|ID Name|| |
|Affected by Gravity||No|
With fewer than 15 runes dedicated to capacity, it is more efficient to use Runes of Augmented Capacity. The effects of having both runes of augmented capacity and runes of superior capacity stack, but runes of superior capacity do NOT multiply the 2,000 added by each rune of augmented capacity, only the original 10,000.
The capacity of your altar can be calculated with the formula:
1.1^S * 10,000 + 2,000 * A
Where A is equal to the number of Runes of Augmented Capacity and S is equal to the number of Runes of Superior Capacity are in place. Therefore, with 3 Runes of Augmented Capacity, and 5 Runes of Superior Capacity, you end up with a total capacity of 22,105.1, or (1.1^5 * 10,000 + 2,000 * 3).
Rune of Superior Capacity has no known uses in crafting.
- 1.1.0 — Added.


Approvals - Crossword Clue
Crossword Clue Last Updated: 05/07/2020
Below are possible answers for the crossword clue Approvals.
4 letter answer(s) to approvals
 1. express or signify by nodding; "He nodded his approval"
 2. the act of nodding the head
 3. sway gently back and forth, as in a nodding motion; "the flowers were nodding in the breeze"
 4. a sign of assent or salutation or command
 5. be almost asleep; "The old man sat nodding by the fireplace"
 6. let the head fall forward through drowsiness; "The old man was nodding in his chair"
 7. lower and raise the head, as to indicate assent or agreement or confirmation; "The teacher nodded when the student gave the right answer"
3 letter answer(s) to approvals
5 letter answer(s) to approvals
6 letter answer(s) to approvals
Other crossword clues with similar answers to 'Approvals'
Still struggling to solve the crossword clue 'Approvals'?
If you're still haven't solved the crossword clue Approvals then why not search our database by the letters you have already!


text:
Upward Bound Math and Science Mission
The Upward Bound Math and Science Program commits to increase high school graduation rates and to increase competency in challenging subject matters in order to encourage more students to pursue programs that lead to rewarding careers in the fields of math and science.
This program is sponsored by a grant through the U.S. Department of Education. The focus of this program is to identify and select eligible students who meet income guidelines and are first-generation high school students. Eligible students must show a high interest and involvement in the math and science fields at the secondary school level to be considered for selection. Students are offered the opportunity to experience college life, enhance talents, skills related to their interests in math and science, and prepare for post-secondary education: THE SKY'S THE LIMIT!
This page was last updated on: May 16, 2012


Are You Frugal or Cheap? Which One Are You?Yes, there is a difference!
Trust us: there is a huge difference between frugal and cheap!
We use the word "frugal" quite a bit here at SAHM, but how do you know if your frugality is really just you being cheap? With jobs getting harder to come by and money getting tight, the concept of being frugal is something that gets thrown around all the time. Now, it's easy to just be cheap while using frugality as an umbrella term for everything you do, but there's a lot more to being frugal than just buying the cheapest everything.
So what IS the difference? Are you frugal or cheap?
What does being frugal mean?
According to the dictionary, frugality is defined as "the wise and intentional use of money." The key word there is "intentional," and I think that's what really separates the cheapskates from the "frugalers" (which should totally be a word). In my own life, frugality is learning to get the most out of each and every dollar with a specific plan in mind. It is the deliberate decision to be prudent and wise with spending.
And what is being cheap?
On the other hand, when you're cheap, you're just reluctant to spend money at all, even when it's on something that you really need. You could use other words such as tight, miserly, and stingy, but they all describe the same type of person. Most people who are "cheap" are actually selfish and can even be dishonest if it means saving a couple of bucks.
Why? The only thing cheap people care for is keeping their money to themselves despite the possible consequences on other people (or even on themselves).
Let's put it to some examples to really see the clear difference between frugal and cheap.
The Difference Between Frugal And Cheap | Stay At Home Mum
1. Food
A cheap person will buy the food that costs the least, even if it means disregarding all nutritional and health impacts of doing so. A frugal person will prepare a food budget, take their health into account and weigh the pros and cons of spending a little more on something more nutritious.
So a cheap person will probably buy canned food good for a month while a frugal person will spend on fresh fruits and vegetables and figure out how to make food last longer.
The Difference Between Frugal And Cheap | Stay At Home Mum
2. Eating Out
A cheap person will also go out to dinner all the time, but rarely tip for good service using the excuse of not having enough money. On the other hand, a frugal person will plan for the coming month to see when their budget allows for eating out. Of course, the frugal person understands the value of money, so he or she will probably tip well!
The Difference Between Frugal And Cheap | Stay At Home Mum
3. Purchasing Items
A cheap person will buy something on sale even if they don't really need it simply because it's cheaper than it usually is. A frugal person only makes intentional purchases based on planning and necessity. They may buy a cheaper item, but only without sacrificing quality.
The Difference Between Frugal And Cheap | Stay At Home Mum
4. Savings
A cheap person also does not think long-term. They would rather buy water in plastic bottles every day than buy a single glass or stainless steel water bottle. But a frugal person thinks not only of long-term savings but also of the environment.
The Difference Between Frugal And Cheap | Stay At Home Mum
5. Giving Gifts
Oh, and cheap people are notorious for showing up on parties empty-handed! Frugal people, on the other hand, even with a limited budget will try their best to come up with a gift, whether bought or made by their own resourceful hands.
A frugal person would also rather buy something more expensive if it means better value.
Stay At Home Mum
Simply put, while a cheap person only looks at the financial aspect of things, a frugal person uses a more balanced perspective, taking many factors in mind. A frugal person asks many questions. Why this is cheaper? What is it made of? Will it be better for my family? Will this benefit other people? That is the difference between frugal and cheap.
Frugality is more than just saving money. Finding a good balance between the two can be hard, especially when you see your bank account dwindling between paychecks.
However, the most important thing to remember is that your health and comfort, as well as those of your family and of other people, are more important than having a few extra dollars at the end of the month. You work hard for your money, so you should be able to get a sense of fulfillment out of spending it.
In the end, frugality is really about finding the centre line between being cheap and the opposite side of the spectrum, which is spending extravagantly. The key is proper planning, research and budgeting, and with those, you'll find that your family has more money for "comfort" items at the end of each month.
So, which one are you?
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Without spending a bomb!
Coconut Impossible Pie
Sounds Impossible - but is so easy!


text:
List of publications on a keyword: «trading company»
Otsenka vliianiia faktorov vneshnei sredy na torgovuiu organizatsiiuBook ChapterManagement Problems in Socio-Economic Systems: Theory, Methodology, Practice
- Olga V. Mishulina
- Work direction:
- Глава 1. Проблемы управления конкурентоспособностью организации в современных условиях
- The study presents an analysis of the external environment of a trading enterprise based on modern methods for assessing its strategic capabilities. The concept and features of the external environment of commercial organizations are analyzed; PEST analysis of the confectionery industry, analysis of the environmental profile of the indirect impact on the trading company using expert judgment; identified opportunities and threats using the method of positioning; The degree of intensity of competition based on the five factor model of Porter is determined. The result of the study is the development of possible directions for the development of a trading enterprise in the future using the SWOT method – analysis and establishing relationships in assessing the impact of the organizational environment on a trading company using the «cross-impact analysis» method, which made it possible to formulate four sets of possible strategic alternatives.
- strategy, trading company, external environment of direct impact, external environment of indirect impact, PEST-analysis, SWOT-analysis


text:
Sense of Place: How 'The Cedars' got its name
"The Cedars" is located about seven miles north of Cazadero, in the middle of Sonoma County's sparsely populated northwest, one of the most remote places in the region.
It was probably named by the U.S. Geological Survey in the 1940s. Locals have called the area "Red Slide" since the 19th century. "Cedars" refers to the extensive woodlands and pygmy forests of Sargent cypress found there.
This conifer grows only on serpentine soils, which are high in magnesium and iron. Many plants can't survive such conditions; those that can sometimes evolve into new species. Hence The Cedars is home to at least seven plants found nowhere else in the world, including forms of manzanita, fairy lantern and jewel flower.
This island of rare plants and unusual soils points to a rare geologic event. Long ago, the Earth's mantle, which normally lies deep underground, pushed through the crust all the way to the surface, creating thousands of acres of peridotite rock. This peridotite weathered into The Cedars' serpentine soils.
Because of its geology, The Cedars' springs and seeps are highly alkaline (pH 11 or 12) and saturated with methane and hydrogen. Biologists consider them to be one of the harshest environments on Earth and extremely hostile to life.
If The Cedars sounds otherworldly, it is. Conditions in its springs are thought to resemble that of the early Earth and Mars. Amazingly, scientists have found unique microbes living in them — microbes thought to be fundamentally different from nearly all other known life forms. They may provide clues about life on other planets.
Roger Raiche, who has championed protection of The Cedars for many years, calls it "an area of great botanic, geologic, and scenic magnificence." To preserve this hidden jewel, The Cedars is not open to the public, but guided tours can be arranged through _EMAIL_.
You can reach Glen Ellen-based historical ecologist Arthur Dawson at _EMAIL_.