BSA calculator
Main page Strat Intro Why Units Metric
Standard Doses BSA Total BSA cal Formulas
Hurldles Difficult Calculators Final Other Exchange
How is BSA calculated?
 In oncology practice doses of chemotherapy drugs are usually expressed as mgs per M2of the body surface area (BSA). This is much more accurate and tailored to each patient compared to dosing on the basis of weight alone which is used in most other specialties of medicine. This means that the dose of that drug is so much of mgs per M2of the body surface area of the patient. The total dose of the chemotherapy is calculated by multiplying the dose of the chemotherapy drug with the BSA. To make it clearer, let me discuss one example. A commonly used dose of Doxorubicin used in the treatment of breast cancer is 60mg/ M2. If your weight is 80 kilograms and your height is 156 centimeters, your BSA would be 1.8 M2. The suggested dose of doxorubicin dose is 60mg/ M2and this means dose is 60 mg for every 1 M2 of your BSA. To calculate your actual dose of doxorubicin you will multiply the 60mg with your BSA. The result is as follows. Total doxorubicin dose is 60mg x 1.8M2 = 108 mg. Once you understand this basic concept everything is very simple, dont you agree with me?
 Now you know how to calculate the total dose of a chemotherapy drug, if you BSA and the dose of the chemotherapy drug. You may be wondering how in the world, I would be calculating the BSA. Let me reassure you that BSA can be calculated if you know the height and weight of a person the BSA can be easily calculated using a specialized formula. Now I am going to give the formula for calculation of BSA, but word of caution before I do this. Dont panic! Dont panic looking at this complex formula. I can promise you that once you finish with this article you will be able to calculate your BSA and total dose of chemotherapy very easily, regardless of your knowledge in mathematics. Please have patience and hang on till we finish this article.


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Petrichor: The smell after rainfall
[lets] /lɛts/
contraction of let us.
Can be confused
least, lest, let's.
Usage note
See contraction, let1.
[let] /lɛt/
verb (used with object), let, letting.
to allow or permit:
to let him escape.
to allow to pass, go, or come:
to let us through.
to grant the occupancy or use of (land, buildings, rooms, space, etc., or movable property) for rent or hire (sometimes followed by out).
to contract or assign for performance, usually under a contract:
to let work to a carpenter.
to cause to; make:
to let one know the truth.
(used in the imperative as an auxiliary expressive of a request, command, warning, suggestion, etc.):
Let me see. Let us go. Just let them try it!
verb (used without object), let, letting.
to admit of being rented or leased:
The apartment lets for $100 per week.
British. a lease.
Verb phrases
let down,
 1. to disappoint; fail.
 2. to betray; desert.
 3. to slacken; abate:
 We were too near success to let down in our efforts.
 4. to allow to descend slowly; lower.
 5. Aeronautics. (of an airplane) to descend from a higher to a lower altitude preparatory to making an approach and landing or a similar maneuver.
let in,
 1. to admit.
 2. to involve (a person) in without his or her knowledge or permission:
 to let someone in for a loss.
 3. Also, let into. to insert into the surface of (a wall or the like) as a permanent addition:
 to let a plaque into a wall.
 4. Also, let in on. to share a secret with; permit to participate in.
let off,
 1. to release by exploding.
 2. to free from duty or responsibility; excuse.
 3. to allow to go with little or no punishment; pardon:
 The judge let off the youthful offender with a reprimand.
let on,
 1. to reveal one's true feelings:
 She was terrified at the prospect, but didn't let on.
 2. to pretend:
 They let on that they didn't care about not being invited, but I could tell that they were hurt.
let out,
 1. to divulge; make known.
 2. to release from confinement, restraint, etc.
 3. to enlarge (a garment).
 4. to terminate; be finished; end:
 When does the university let out for the summer?
 5. to make (a let-out fur or pelt).
let up,
 1. to slacken; diminish; abate:
 This heat wave should let up by the end of the week.
 2. to cease; stop:
 The rain let up for a few hours.
let up on, to treat less severely; be more lenient with:
He refused to let up on the boy until his grades improved.
let alone. alone (def 8).
let be,
 1. to refrain from interference.
 2. to refrain from interfering with.
let go. go1 (def 93).
let someone have it, Informal. to attack or assault, as by striking, shooting, or rebuking:
The gunman threatened to let the teller have it if he didn't move fast.
Origin of let1
before 900; Middle English leten, Old English lǣtan; cognate with Dutch laten, German lassen, Old Norse lāta, Gothic lētan; akin to Greek lēdeîn to be weary, Latin lassus tired. See late
1. See allow. 1. suffer, grant. 3. lease, rent, sublet, hire.
1. prevent.
Usage note
Let us is used in all varieties of speech and writing to introduce a suggestion or a request: Let us consider all the facts before deciding. The contracted form let's occurs mostly in informal speech and writing: Let's go. Let's not think about that right now. Perhaps because let's has come to be felt as a word in its own right rather than as the contraction of let us, it is often followed in informal speech and writing by redundant or appositional pronouns: Let's us plan a picnic. Let's you and I (or me) get together tomorrow. Both Let's you and me and Let's you and I occur in the relaxed speech of educated speakers. The former conforms to the traditional rules of grammar; the latter, nonetheless, occurs more frequently. See also leave1.
[let] /lɛt/
(in tennis, badminton, etc.) any play that is voided and must be replayed, especially a service that hits the net and drops into the proper part of the opponent's court.
Chiefly Law. an impediment or obstacle:
to act without let or hindrance.
verb (used with object), letted or let, letting.
Archaic. to hinder, prevent, or obstruct.
before 900; Middle English letten (v.), lette (noun; derivative of the v.), Old English lettan (v.), derivative of læt slow, tardy, late; cognate with Old Norse letja to hinder Unabridged
Cite This Source
British Dictionary definitions for let's
let us: used to express a suggestion, command, etc, by the speaker to himself and his hearers
verb (transitive; usually takes an infinitive without to or an implied infinitive) lets, letting, let
to permit; allow: she lets him roam around
(imperative or dependent imperative)
 1. used as an auxiliary to express a request, proposal, or command, or to convey a warning or threat: let's get on, just let me catch you here again!
 2. (in mathematical or philosophical discourse) used as an auxiliary to express an assumption or hypothesis: let "a" equal "b"
 3. used as an auxiliary to express resigned acceptance of the inevitable: let the worst happen
 1. to allow the occupation of (accommodation) in return for rent
 2. to assign (a contract for work)
to allow or cause the movement of (something) in a specified direction: to let air out of a tyre
(Irish, informal) to utter: to let a cry
let alone
 1. (conjunction) much less; not to mention: I can't afford wine, let alone champagne
 2. let be, leave alone, leave be, to refrain from annoying or interfering with: let the poor cat alone
let go, See go1 (sense 59)
let loose
 1. to set free
 2. (informal) to make (a sound or remark) suddenly: he let loose a hollow laugh
 3. (informal) to discharge (rounds) from a gun or guns: they let loose a couple of rounds of ammunition
(Brit) the act of letting property or accommodation: the majority of new lets are covered by the rent regulations
Word Origin
Old English lǣtan to permit; related to Gothic lētan, German lassen
an impediment or obstruction (esp in the phrase without let or hindrance)
(tennis, squash)
 1. a minor infringement or obstruction of the ball, requiring a point to be replayed
 2. the point so replayed
verb lets, letting, letted, let
(transitive) (archaic) to hinder; impede
Word Origin
Old English lettan to hinder, from lætlate; related to Old Norse letja
Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition
Cite This Source
Word Origin and History for let's
Old English lætan "to allow to remain; let go, leave, depart from; leave undone; to allow; bequeath," also "to rent" (class VII strong verb; past tense let, past participle læten), from Proto-Germanic *letan (cf. Old Saxon latan, Old Frisian leta, Dutch laten, German lassen, Gothic letan "to leave, let"), from PIE *le- "to let go, slacken" (cf. Latin lassus "faint, weary," Lithuanian leisti "to let, to let loose;" see lenient). If that derivation is correct, the primary sense would be "let go through weariness, neglect."
Of blood, from late Old English. To let (something) slip originally (1520s) was a reference to hounds on a leash; figurative use from 1540s. To let (someone) off "allow to go unpunished" is from 1814. To let on "reveal, divulge" is from 1725; to let up "cease, stop" is from 1787. Let alone "not to mention" is from 1812.
"stoppage, obstruction" (obsolete unless in legal contracts), late 12c., from archaic verb letten "to hinder," from Old English lettan "hinder, delay," from Proto-Germanic *latjanan (


text:
We are engaged in research in various aspects of human development. Personal development & self growth is an urgent need. Only with an ongoing self growth one can cope effectively with the pressures of work, relationships and find meaning in one's personal, social and professional life. We cater to normal needs of normal people. This entails our undertaking regular orientation and training workshops.
In all fields of work and life, it is becoming increasingly evident that success, effectivity & fulfillment depend on continuous learning processes. Self growth is tender, there is no greater investment.
At Pathways we will be:
- Helping you and your team to share same vision and mission.
- Helping your team to understand the importance of self and organizational efficiency for faster growth and results.
- Helping in making a self growth plan and working on it.
- Helping to enhance people skills and work towards the transformation of personality and attitudes.
- Helping you to gain peace and happiness by accurate application of principles.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Onion Raita.jpg
A cucumber and onion raita
Alternative namesरायता, রায়তা
Region or stateIndian subcontinent with regional variations
Associated national cuisineIndia, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Nepal
Serving temperatureCold
Main ingredientsDahi (yogurt), buttermilk, cucumber, mint
VariationsDahi chutney, Pachadi
Food energy
(per serving)
46 kcal (193 kJ)
Raita is a condiment in South Asian cuisine made of dahi (yogurt, often referred to as curd) together with raw or cooked vegetables, more seldom fruit, or in the case of boondi raita, with fried droplets of batter made from besan (chickpea flour, generally labeled as gram flour).
The word raita first appeared in print around the 19th century; it comes from the Hindi language.[1] The word raita in Bengali language and Hindustani is a portmanteau of the Sanskrit word rajika or the derivative Hindustani rai (pronounced "ra-ee") meaning black mustard seed, and tiktaka, meaning sharp or pungent.[2] In South India, especially Kerala and Tamil Nadu, traditional raita is called pachadi.
Pulao served with boondi raita
Pachadi is the South Indian variation of Raita.
Onion Raita
Spring onion raita
Boondi raita
Pomegranate raita
Vegetable raitas[edit]
 1. Bathua ka Raita, popular in Haryana in winters[6]
 2. Cucumber raita
 3. Lauki (Bottle Gourd/Calabash) Raita, popular in Haryana and Uttar Pradesh
 4. Beetroot raita
 5. Brinjal raita
 6. Carrot raita Carrot Raita
 7. Chili salt raita, could be chopped fresh chilies or just the dried chili powder
 8. Horned melon raita
 9. Mint and peanut raita
 10. Onion coriander spring onion raita
 11. Onion tomato raita
 12. Potato raita Potato Raita
 13. Pumpkin raita
 14. Spinach raita
Pulse raitas[edit]
Made either from sprouted pulses, roasted pulses or other condiments made from pulse flour.
 1. Bhujia sev raita
 2. Boondi raita
 3. Sprouted green gram raita
Fruit raitas[edit]
 1. Banana raita
 2. Mango raita
 3. Guava raita
 4. Grape raita
 5. Pineapple raita
 6. Pomegranate raita
 7. Pear raita
Serving methods[edit]
As a side dish[edit]
As a sauce (not traditional)[edit]
 - Grilled Chicken
 - Salmon
 - Tacos
As a dressing (not traditional)[edit]
See also[edit]
Tzatziki, a similar dish found in Eastern Mediterranean and Middle Eastern cuisine
 2. ^ "Raita". Merriam Webster.
 3. ^ Mehta Gambhir, Aloka (25 May 2011). "Tandoori chicken with Tomato Raita". The Times of India. Retrieved 22 December 2019.
 5. ^ a b Basic Food Preparation (Third ed.). Orient Longman Private limited. 1986. ISBN 81-_PHONE_-3.
 6. ^ Bathua ka Raita | Haryana and Uttar Pradesh bathua recipe | Indian cuisine, masterchefu.com.
External links[edit]


C++ Core Guidelines: Interfaces II
Interfaces are a contract between a service provider and a service consumer. The C++ Core Guidelines has 20 rules to make them right because "interfaces is probably the most important single aspect of code organization".
Lego dimensions.svg
I wrote in my last post about the first 10 rules. Today I will finish my job and write about the remaining 10 rules.
Let's directly dive into the details.
There is a conceptional issue with this code.
X* compute(args) // don't
 X* res = new X{};
 //...
 return res;
Who deletes the pointer X? There are at least three alternatives to deal with the ownership problem:
I.12: Declare a pointer that must not be null as not_null
What is the semantic difference between the three variations of the following function length?
int length(const char* p); // it is not clear whether length(nullptr) is valid
int length(not_null p); // better: we can assume that p cannot be nullptr
int length(const char* p); // we must assume that p can be nullptr
The intention of variations two and three of length is quite obvious. The second variation accepts only a non-null pointer, the third version accepts a nullptr. You may have already guessed it. not_null if from the GSL.
I.13: Do not pass an array as a single pointer
Passing arrays as a single pointer is quite an error prone.
What will happen if n is too big? Right: undefined behaviour. The GSL offers a solution, called spans.
void copy(span r, span r2); // copy r to r2
Spans deduce their number of arguments.
I.22: Avoid complex initialization of global objects
Global objects provide a lot of fun. For example, if they are in different translation units, their order of initialisation is not defined. The following code snippet has undefined behaviour.
// file1.c
extern const X x;
const Y y = f(x); // read x; write y
// file2.c
extern const Y y;
const X x = g(y); // read y; write x
I.23: Keep the number of function arguments low
There is a simple rule: one function should do exactly one job. If that is the case the number of function arguments automatically become low and, therefore, the function is easy to use.
To be honest, the New Parallel Algorithms of Standard Template Library such as std::transform_reduce often break this rule.
I.24: Avoid adjacent unrelated parameters of the same type
What are the source and the destination of the following copy_n function? Any educated guess?
void copy_n(T* p, T* q, int n);
I often have to look for documentation.
I.25: Prefer abstract classes as interfaces to class hierarchies
Of course, that is an obvious and long-established rule for object-oriented design. The guidelines provide two reasons for this rule.
 - abstract classes are more likely to be stable than base classes
 - bases classes with state and non-abstract methods put more constraints on derived classes
I.26: If you want a cross-compiler ABI, use a C-style subset
ABI stands für Application Binary Interface.
This is a strange rule in C++ guidelines. The reason is that "Different compilers implement different binary layouts for classes, exception handling, function names, and other implementation details.". On some platforms, there are common ABIs emerging. If you use a single compiler, you can stick to the full C++ interface. In this case, you have to recompile the code.
I.27: For stable library ABI, consider the Pimpl idiom
Pimpl stands for a pointer to implementation and is the C++ variation of the bridge pattern. The idea is that a non-polymorphic interface holds the pointer to its implementation, therefore, modification of the implementation doesn't require recompilation of the interface.
Here is the example from the C++ Core Guidelines:
interface (widget.h)
class widget {
 class impl;
 std::unique_ptr pimpl;
 void draw(); // public API that will be forwarded to the implementation
 widget(int); // defined in the implementation file
 widget(widget&&) = default;
 widget(const widget&) = delete;
 widget& operator=(const widget&) = delete;
implementation (widget.cpp)
class widget::impl {
 int n; // private data
 void draw(const widget& w) { /*... */ }
 impl(int n) : n(n) {}
void widget::draw() { pimpl->draw(*this); }
widget::widget(int n) : pimpl{std::make_unique(n)} {}
widget::~widget() = default;
The pimpl is the pointer that holds the handle to the implementation.
For an in-depth discussion of this C++ idiom, read the GOTW #100 article by Herb Sutter. GotW stands für Guro of the Week.
I.30: Encapsulate rule violations
Sometimes code is ugly, unsafe, or error-prone because of various reasons. Put the code in one place and encapsulate it with an easy to use interface. That is called abstraction which you have sometimes to do. To be honest, I have no problem with that code, if the internal code used is stable and the interface lets you only use it in the correct way.
What's next?
In the last posts including the current one I often mentioned the guideline support library. Now it's time to have a look at insight and I will write about it in the next post.
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The Unhappiest Country In The World
Moldovans are the unhappiest people in the world. That's according to data from the World Values Survey, whose researchers interviewed tens of thousands of people in over 60 countries during the last decade. Only 44% of people in Moldova said they were happy, the lowest proportion of all the countries surveyed. Is Moldova really such an unhappy place, and why?
These statistics from the World Values Survey are often quoted in a growing body of academic research into what causes happiness, and what implications there are for public policy. Often the answers to the "are you happy?" question are averaged with those to another, slightly different question – "are you satisfied with your life?" – to produce a broader measure called subjective well-being. Moldova comes out bottom on this count, too.
Source: World Values Surveys,
So what does cause happiness? Your instinctive response might be "money, of course" – and you'd be right, but only up to a point. A glance at the table shows that the unhappy countries are much poorer than the happy ones. But when you plot subjective well-being against a country's average income on a graph, you find there's a strong relationship up to a certain point – around $10,000 per year – but after that the relationship breaks down. Even more income doesn't make you even happier.
Of course, Moldova isn't anywhere near that point yet. But poverty can't be the whole story. There are countries even poorer than Moldova which are nonetheless much happier: Nigeria and Bangladesh, for example, have a lower average income than Moldova but their happiness rates are 81% and 85% respectively. Brazilians are only slightly better off than Moldovans, but 83% of them are happy. A whopping 93% of people in the Philippines consider themselves happy, despite income levels on a par with Moldova.
Nigeria, Brazil, Bangladesh and the Philippines are warm and sunny places, so might harsh Moldovan winters be at fault? That hardly seems plausible when you consider that the happiest place in the world is Iceland.
Could it be that language problems are to blame? Perhaps the word "happiness" translates differently in Bangladesh and the Philippines than it does in Moldova, leading people to apply different standards. This is a possibility, but the evidence is against it: French-speaking Swiss people are happier than French people, Italian speakers in Switzerland are happier than Italians, and Swiss who speak German are happier than Germans. This suggests that it's not something about what language they speak that makes Swiss people happy, but something about living in Switzerland.
Perhaps Moldovans were asked at a bad time. The data collected from different countries was not all gathered simultaneously, and that for Moldova came from a survey in 1995, arguably at the height of the difficulties caused by the transition from the Soviet era. But another, more comprehensive survey carried out in 2001 by a different organization suggests little has changed: Moldovans were slightly happier, 51% compared to 44%, but still came out bottom of the eight former Soviet states surveyed (Ukraine and Belarus were next most unhappy, at 53% and 60% respectively; Moldova seems to be the worst-hit victim of some kind of regional malaise).
It must be in political history where much of the answer lies, as all the other countries towards the bottom of the happiness list had also lived under communism. While it's easy to find examples of happy and poor countries, it's hard to find former communist states among them, Azerbaijan (78%) being the best candidate. The happiest states with a communist history, such as Poland (86%), the former East Germany (79%) and Hungary (78%), tend also to be the ones which have made the most economic progress.
Even then, they are less happy than other countries with similar income levels but without a communist past. As Ronald Inglehart and Hans-Dieter Klingemann, two of the leading academic researchers into the data on happiness, note: "Virtually all societies that experienced communist rule show relatively low levels of subjective well-being, even when compared with societies at a much lower economic level."
Were people happier under communism? That's a difficult question to answer because only one survey of happiness was conducted in the Soviet Union. But the data from this survey suggests so. The Tambov region of Russia, the only part surveyed in the Soviet era, recorded 64% happiness in 1981 and only 47% in 1995. (The answers to the "satisfaction" question are even starker, down from 76% to 25% in the same period.) The only other country surveyed while under a communist regime was Hungary, 78% happy in 1981, dipping to 68% as communism ended in 1990 and back up to 78% by 1998. ("Satisfaction", though, continued to decline: from 71% to 56% to 52%).
While inhabitants of both Hungary and Tambov were significantly unhappier in 1981 than those of other states with similar income levels, the ending of communism made them even less happy. It seems reasonable to think the same historical pattern of happiness will be true for Moldova.
So what is it about life after communism that causes such misery? The increase in poverty is an obvious reason: according to the United Nations Development Program, the incidence of poverty in Moldova increased from 2.1% to 40.6% between 1991 and 1993. But there are other reasons. Unemployment and lack of job security are strongly correlated with unhappiness, and both increased markedly with the end of communism.
Health is another strong contributor to happiness. (Although, interestingly, "self-reported" health – how healthy you think you are – is much more closely related to happiness than "objective" health, or how healthy a doctor thinks you are. Having a positive outlook on your health seems to be the biggest factor). The ending of communism took a toll on Moldovans' health. Again according to the UNDP, the general mortality rate increased from 9.7 persons per 1000 in 1990 to 12.2 in 1995, and the infant mortality rate from 19.0 in 1990 to 22.6 four years later. In 1994, 26,300 people were treated at Moldovan medical institutions, down from 69,500 in 1980, presumably because the escalating costs of medical treatment led to more illnesses going untreated rather than because there were fewer illnesses needing treatment.
As noted in a strategy paper issued by the British government, inequality also makes people unhappy – in Europe, at least; Americans say they don't mind it so much. Assuming Moldovans share the European cultural preference for more equal societies, the rapid increases in inequality that accompanied the transition from communism must have increased levels of unhappiness.
The same paper notes that the quality of a country's governance also affects happiness; in particular, there is evidence that the more democracy and political freedoms people enjoy, the happier they are. In theory, the increase in political freedom and democracy after communism should have made Moldovans happier, but in practice it is arguable that the overall quality of governance may not have improved or may even have deteriorated. Corruption of public officials is also strongly correlated with unhappiness. And there are exceptions to the freedom rule: China, although a highly authoritarian society, has relatively high levels of subjective well-being.
Finally, there is a strong relationship between how happy people are and how much control they feel they have over their lives. As Inglehart, Klingemann and Chris Welzel point out: " In each of 148 national representative surveys, conducted in diverse societies ranging from Uganda to China, Iran, Brazil, Sweden and Poland, there is a strong correlation between people's perception of how much choice they have in shaping their lives, and their level of life satisfaction." The lack of choice under communism may well explain why communist societies were more unhappy than others with similar incomes, but the uncertainties that accompanied the transition from communism may actually have led people to feel even less in control of their destinies.
At an individual level, there are other factors to be considered. Marriage has a big effect on an individual's happiness – equivalent to an increase of over $100,000 in annual income, according to one estimate. Religious people are slightly happier, as are those who exercise or play sport. But differences in marital status, income, job satisfaction, health and so on explain surprisingly little of the variations in people's levels of subjective well-being. A large amount of our propensity to be happy seems to be beyond our personal control, coded in our genetic inheritance.
A study of over 3,000 twins (Lykken and Tellegen, 1996) showed that identical twins report similar levels of happiness regardless of their life experiences, whereas non-identical twins – who shared a womb, but have different genes – do not. These studies suggest that around 45-50% of happiness is genetic. How happy your identical twin is, or even how happy your identical twin was ten years ago, is a much better predictor of your happiness than your income, education or social status. If you're prone to unhappiness – or happiness – you may simply have been born that way.
Genetic differences can't explain national differences, though: happiness levels within nations are known to have changed far more quickly than could possibly be explained by genes. It's implausible that there could be a disproportionate tendency to misery in the Moldovan

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Bots Best Practices
Symphony has a number of best practices to ensure smooth bot development and a positive user experience.
Getting Your Bots Attention
It is common that Symphony chatrooms contain more than one bot listening for events. In order to preserve name space and ensure that there isn't overlap between bot workflows, we recommend that bots only respond to events that begin with an _USER_:
By '_USER_' your bot, it ensures that only the intended bot responds.
It is best practice to have bots listen for commands beginning with a '/'. This naming convention makes it clear to other users that you are trying to get a bot's attention. Additionally, it makes it clear to your bot that a user is instructing it to perform an actions and kick off its intended workflow.
It is also best practice to enforce command line style arguments for commands that require additional input or data:
Help Menu
It important that users understand exactly what your bot is capable of and what commands your bot understands. It is best practice for your bot to list its commands inside a help menu:
It is considered best practice that bot's only create and read from one datafeed. If your bot goes down, it should re-authenticate, create a new datafeed, and begin reading from this one.
Creating and reading from multiple datafeeds concurrently can result in your bot processing duplicate messages and subsequently sending duplicate or out of order messages back to the user.
All datafeed management and best practices are provided out of the box by our dedicated SDKs and BDKs (Bot Developer Kit)
Message Rate
For large rooms, it is recommended that bots do not send messages at a higher rate than 2 messages/sec or every 500ms.
Bulk Adding Users
If bots are bulk adding users to rooms, it is recommended that bots add users at rate of 3 users / second.
Duplicate Messages
In some rare cases, bots may receive duplicate messages from Symphony. In order to prevent duplicate processing, developers can implement logic to keep track of previous messages. It is recommended that bots store a list of unique messageIDs up to 15 minutes in the past. Upon each new message, bots should do a quick validation that new message is not received in the past and continue to process the message.


text:
International Inspiration is developing curriculum resources and training teachers in tandem with the Malaysian Government's major Transformation Curriculum initiative. With an initial focus on children with a disability and the most marginalised children living in the states of Sabah and Perak, International Inspiration's benefits will spread across the whole country in the longer term. International Inspiration will also contribute to the highly-prized national youth leadership movement, providing new models of training that draw out the potential of young people, and provide them with the skills to take the lead in their own communities.
Reasons to celebrate
- 48 teachers and lecturers have been trained to use resources with a focus on disability sport and inclusion.
- 600 teachers have been trained in the first year of training across Malaysia.
- 12 teachers and 100 young sports leaders have been trained initially to deliver sports festivals in their communities.
- By March 2011 a further 500 young sports leaders had been trained and a further 50 sports festivals arranged, involving more than 15,000 primary-aged pupils.
Influencing the nation as a whole
The Government of Malaysia has demonstrated its confidence in the programme by undertaking to drive and support the roll-out of International Inspiration curriculum models piloted in Sabah to all 13 states.
Improving behaviour and having fun
Ravichan Dran is a PE teacher in Malaysia. Through International Inspiration, a teaching technique using PE training cards has been introduced into Ravichan's school, which has led to an improvement in lessons.
Ravichan said that International Inspiration has enabled him to gain access to new materials and resources used in UK schools, which is of great benefit to teaching and learning activities in the school, with pupils 'having more fun learning'.
In addition, this teacher training has resulted in improved behaviour amongst pupils, and importantly, enabled Ravichan to go on to train other teachers in these new techniques, thereby leaving a lasting legacy.
Ravichan said: 'PE has become more fun for pupils and has given me more knowledge and skills in carrying out activities in sports in schools. It has benefited the children in educating them in the importance of sport in their lives. Problem students' discipline has improved when given the chance to be leaders in sport.'


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Let $\pi$ be a permutation of the integers $0$ through $2^n-1$ (the integers that can be represented in $n$ bits). For example, $\pi$ could be used as a substitution cipher in which each plaintext block is $n$ bits long. How many possible choices of permutation $\pi$ are there? Equivalently, how many permutations are there of the first $2^n$ non-negative integers?
share|improve this question
closed as off-topic by fgrieu, DrLecter, rath, figlesquidge, Maeher Jan 28 '14 at 10:35
Please do some research before asking obvious questions, and doing that poorly: there is a typo (the first $2^n$ non-negative integers is obviously met). Also, π defined in the first sentence is not used in the second, which forms an independent question; so why include the definition of π? – fgrieu Jan 28 '14 at 7:14
_USER_: To be fair, I don't see a typo, the question shows $[0,2^n-1]$? Its still a low quality question, at best containing combinatorics taught in secondary school (UK). – figlesquidge Jan 28 '14 at 10:40
Typo in the question is fixed thanks to figlesquidge; typo in my comment remains (met should be meant). – fgrieu Jan 29 '14 at 14:28
1 Answer 1
There are $k!=k(k-1)\dots3\cdot 2\cdot 1$ possible permutations of $k$ elements.
This is very basic combinatorics.
share|improve this answer


text:
201 First Street NE
Austin, MN
- View Map:
The first courthouse to be built in Austin was completed in 1868, 11 years after Austin became the county seat of Mower County. The building cost $6,450.
Eleven years later, the village of Ramsey made an unsuccessful attempt to secure the county seat. This may have led to the next Mower County Courthouse, built in Austin in 1884. The building, shown above in 1914, was three stories of red brick built over a high limestone basement in the Italianate style. A turreted Roman Renaissance and narrow dome rose above the central pavilion, whose one-story columned portico was approached by a grand flight of stairs. The building cost $64,817.
Additions in 1952 and 1966 eventually became the courthouse and the old building was demolished. The additions are flat, rectangular, two-story buildings made of pink Kasota limestone and gray Bedford stone from Indiana. The first section, 59 by 121 feet, has deep horizontal bands of windows on a long facade along the east side of the block. The 1966 section, with square windows randomly placed, is slightly larger and is perpendicular to the first with its narrow end to the east. A glass-fronted lobby, which acts as a connecting concourse, was recessed between.
In 1975, a one-story, city-county law enforcement center was added directly behind the width of this lobby. A remodeling project and addition, completed in the late 1990s, added courtroom, court administration, and law enforcement office space and changed the look of the main entrance.
Current view of the Mower County Government Center.
- Historical information adapted from "The First 100 Years... The Minnesota State Bar Association."
Return to Courthouse List


BBC News
Launch consoleBBC News in video and audio
Last Updated: Tuesday, 8 January 2008, 17:13 GMT
Community in carbon neutral bid
A wind turbine
The community already has a hydro-electric scheme
People living in a Brecon Beacons village are being urged to take part in a survey which aims to make their community carbon neutral.
Residents and business owners in Talybont-on-Usk near Brecon are being asked to provide information about how much energy they use.
Volunteer surveyors plan to measure the amount of carbon dioxide produced.
Talybont-on-Usk Energy, a company promoting renewable sources of power in the village, is behind the idea.
In 2006, the not-for-profit firm helped set up a community hydro-electric scheme to supply the national grid with power.
Now it is aiming to make the village carbon neutral.
In order to achieve this it will have to save the same amount of carbon emissions as it produces.
The saving can be made by using green or renewable energy sources, becoming more energy efficient and by planting trees.
Fuel bills
Alice Goldstone, who co-ordinates the project for Talybont-on-Usk Energy, said: "This project is an important early stage in helping to make the community carbon neutral.
"A group of volunteer carbon footprint surveyors, who live in the area, have already been trained and more training for more volunteers will take place later in January.
"To make those being surveyed feel more comfortable with the process all the volunteer surveyors are from the local area.
"Community carbon foot printing is not about judging how much energy an individual is using.
"We simply want to find out what the carbon footprint of the entire community is so that Talybont-on-Usk Energy is in a better position to continue to help make the community carbon neutral," she added.
Carbon neutral new schools plan
18 Dec 07 | Education
Villages to merge into 'eco-town'
03 Oct 07 | Edinburgh, East and Fife
Village water power scheme launch
12 Apr 06 | Mid Wales
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text:
Given an equilateral triangle with sides of length x, we start an iterative process of trisecting its sides and building other – smaller – equilateral triangle on top of the middle part of these trisected sides. These added smaller triangles are then treated in the same fashion: its sides are trisected and smaller equilateral triangles are built on top of the middle part of the trisected sides. See the picture below for an example. From left to right we've sketched the basic triangle and the results after the first and second execution of the iterative process.
a) Denote the perimeter of the resulting figure after the N-th step of the process described above by P(N). Express P(N) in terms of P(N-1) for N > 0. Note that P(0) = 3x.
b) Use your answer to a) to calculate what happens if you execute the process infinitely many times. Does it converge to a finite value? If yes, calculate this value. If not, explain why not.
If |a|< 1 holds then you may use the following formula


Literacy in Oman
The importance that Oman places on education is reflected by the fact that well over a quarter of the civil expenditure of the state budget is spent on the education system, though this has not always been the case. Until 1970, there were only three public schools in the country, and most other schools were Koran-based schools primarily aimed at teaching religious values. The public schools were elementary boys' schools, located in Muscat, Mutrah and Salalah. Throughout the entire country, 909 students were taught by about 30 teachers. It was not until subsequent years that a school system free of charge was introduced and became accessible to the people of Oman. This system stands out for its quality in the Arab world. However, the previous generations that did not benefit from a good school system were not forgotten in shaping current education policy.
Illiteracy – a problem of the older generation
Naturally, as the education system in Oman grew, so did the gap in education between young and old people. To address this, Sultan Qaboos established a strong adult education system in parallel to the ever-improving public education system. There are now approximately 250 adult education centers and over 180 literacy centers open to every adult citizen of Oman. Anyone who wishes to do so will be instructed in Arabic reading and writing as well as various other educational courses.
Literacy – Progress in all parts of the country
While urban populations have been quickly and effectively integrated into the education system in recent decades, the process in more rural areas have tended to be slower. Since Oman is a vast country that is sparsely populated in some areas, creating educational opportunities is often not simple in more rural areas of the country. Now more than ever, it is possible to access remote regions and promote literacy in the deserts and smaller villages and towns on oases or desert outskirts. Particularly older women are extensively using the opportunities of adult education in the country with great enthusiasm because, in the past, they had little access to education in reading and writing.
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Supervision, Mentoring & Coaching
Supervision is an integral aspect of professional practice and continued professional development. Cultural supervision allows for a deeper understanding of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures to assist in the facilitation of positive engagement and healing for clients.
Professional supervision can provide the following services:
 - Specific case discussion and guidance
 - Facilitate greater levels of cultural awareness
 - Development of practical skills and appropriate strategies for healing
 - Understanding of cultural perspectives regarding social and emotional wellbeing
Mentoring and coaching is a key aspect of professional development for all professionals from those new to the field through to experienced practitioners. Marumali Consultations can assist with cultural mentoring for professionals seeking guidance and the development of practical skills for effective engagement with others from diverse cultural backgrounds. This process is undertaken in a manner that is tailored to each professional's needs, meeting individuals where they are in terms of knowledge and skill set. Accordingly, this process allows for professionals to progress in positive and supported space.
We provide structured and tailored supervision for workers in Health and Human Services. We specialise in culturally appropriate supervision, mentoring and coaching for Aboriginal workers working in non-indigenous organisations or government departments, as well as offering cultural supervision and coaching for non-indigenous workers who work with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and communities.


text:
Using two or more word lists in a single puzzle
You can use any number of word lists in a single puzzle. If any of the
word lists contains the same word as another word list in the same puzzle,
EclipseCrossword will use the clue from the first word list you opened, and
ignore the second clue.
- First, start the EclipseCrossword software. (How
do I do that?) From the EclipseCrossword main page
(in the EclipseCrossword software, not the EclipseCrossword.com website),
click I would like to start a new crossword and then Next.
- Click Let me create a word list from scratch now and then click
- Now you're at the page where you can add words to your word list.
From here, click the Tools button, and then Open word list.
- Choose the first word list you'd like to use and click Open.
- Click Tools again, and then Open word list again.
- Choose the second word list you'd like to use and click Open.
- EclipseCrossword will merge the second word list into the one you're
using. You can repeat steps 5 and 6 as many times as you'd like to add
more word lists to your puzzle. When you click Next, you can
save your big, combined word list as a new word list file if you'd like.
|The Tools button and Open word list
Keywords: Can I merge several word lists (EWL files) into one?


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How Do You Communicate With Your Guardian Angel?
Our Angels are always by our side and never let us down at any stage in our lives. Without actually seeing them, our Guardian Angels accompany us every day and are always ready to listen to our problems. They are constantly ready to console us and help us, on the condition that we believe in them and learn how to communicate properly. Here are the main steps on how to invoke and open up to your Angel.
As messengers between Heaven and Earth, Angels are present in Judaism, Christianity and Islam. Since the dawn of time, we have called on them for help to relieve our sorrows and entrust our torments to them. Each Angel symbolizes a value or a strength which they can bless their protégés with. Know that if you have a problem, you can express yourself to the Angel of your choice according to your problem.
What do you have to do to hear your Guardian Angel?
To hear your guardian Angel, you must open your mind. If you apprehend life but from a rational point of view you are unlikely to hear the voice of your Guardian Angel. Of course, our spirit guides are not beings that we can meet in the physical world, so to hear them you must place yourself in a more divine dimension. Communicating with the higher beings is easier for those who are used to meditating and listening to their inner voice.
3 Ways to invoke and call upon your Angel
First of all, you need to know the name of your Guardian Angel. Then, each of us can get in touch with our Angel to ask for advice or to confide our hopes or fears. In order to contact the higher powers, we simply need to speak with an open heart. You can either speak to them in silence or out loud, it doesn't matter. However, our Angels are superior beings and attracting their attention is not so simple. If you do not succeed, the best way to contact a medium who can act as an intermediary.
You can ask anything of your Angel as long as you do not give them orders or do things that could harm others.
1. Prayer
To talk to your Angel, choose a quiet and restful place. It's best to pray to them at the same time, and in the same place. To make your prayers more effective, turn to the East. This is the side where the sun rises, so the positive energies are more present there. Turn off your telephone to make sure that no one comes to disturb you during this moment of communication.
Light incense and a candle with the Angel's name engraved on it. If your protector doesn't show you any signs of existence, do not hesitate to let the candle burn until the next morning.
- Go on a journey and learn about how to carry out your astral projection -
🌟 Contact a Psychic to communicate with your Angels🌟
2. Meditation
Meditation is a good way to open your mind and heart to one's guardian angel.
Choose a quiet place in your home or outside, settle down, free your mind and breathe deeply. Think about the air entering your body and filling your lungs. Focus on the different parts of your body. Think of each part independently to the rest of your body (it's a bit complex and requires a bit of practice). Then, once you are totally relaxed, try to visualize your soul. This is when you will have to think very hard about your Angel by repeating their name. If they decide to answer you, you will quickly notice.
3. Writing to your Guardian Angel
In case of an existential crisis you can write a letter to your Angel. This letter should be written on a piece of paper on which you have written the date and the name of your Guardian Angel. Then, you must describe what is on your mind and what you want... Let your heart guide your pen and then end your letter by thanking your Angel for the intervention.
To mail your letter, hold it from the bottom, above a sink, then burn the top of the letter going from left to right and let it catch fire before you drop it at the last moment. Wait for your Guardian Angel's reply.
If after a while your Angel still hasn't answered you, it may be that your goal isn't right for you. By remaining silent, you'll soon realize that you are not on the right path and need to be guided elsewhere.
- Discover the prayers to thank your Guardian Angel -
How to interpret the messages of the Angels
In order to understand the response of your Guardian Angel, it is still necessary to interpret the messages they send you. What are the methods used by the guardian angels to contact us?
1. Angel numbers
If during the course of your day, you often see Angel numbers such as 444 555 etc, know that this is not a coincidence, it is in fact your Angel trying to tell you something.
2. The shivers
Are you're in great shape but often come over cold and begin shivering? It's a sign of your Angel's presence. More often than not, these shivers occur in a sacred place, when we have to make a difficult decision or when an unpleasant event is about to happen.
3. Your pet is behaving strangely
Animals' senses are highly developed, they are more sensitive to energy. That's why if your pet acts strangely, it's probably because it perceives a new presence; that of your Guardian Angel!
By Susan Taylor
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text: ACE staff has contributed extensively to advanced power systems technology. The ACE staff has performed detailed technical analyses and evaluations of alternative energy conversion and mobile power systems. This work includes the Automobile Power Systems Evaluation Study that the California Institute of Technology performed for the Ford Motor Company, a systems definition of alternative mobile power and environmental control systems performed for the US Army, and a systems analysis of alternative fuel cell power systems for railroad locomotives performed for the South Coast Air Quality Management District. These analyses included emissions, performance, design, and cost evaluations of conventional Otto cycle engines, Diesel engines, Rankine cycle engines, Stirling cycle engines, Brayton cycle (gas turbine) engines, and fuel cells. A laboratory research Stirling engine built under NASA funding at the Jet propulsion Laboratory was conceived and the conceptual design defined by an ACE staff member.


text:
(SOURCE: University of California, San Diego, news release, Oct. 15, 2012)
TUESDAY, Oct. 23 (HealthDay News) -- Powerful people try not to mimic the facial expressions of other powerful people, according to a new study.
That means they would be less likely to return the smile of another high-status person. On the other hand, researchers from the University of California, San Diego, noted that powerless people mirror anyone's smile.
"Mimicry has been shown to help build relationships, and both power and status seem to affect how we unconsciously employ this strategy," graduate student Evan Carr said in a university news release. "These findings may speak to how social hierarchies often form under the radar quickly, efficiently and without awareness."
In conducting the study, researchers asked 55 people to write briefly about an event that would induce feelings of power or powerlessness. Afterwards, the participants watched happy videos as well as angry videos of powerful people (doctors, for example) or those with lower social standing (e.g., fast-food workers).
As the people watched the videos, the facial muscles they used to smile or frown were measured.
The study revealed that all of the participants tended to mimic the frowns of powerful people more often than they did for people of lower status.
The researchers also found that powerful people were more likely to smile back at a lower-status person than another powerful or high-status person. Powerless people, however, smiled more at everyone.
The study was scheduled for presentation Monday at the annual meeting of the Society for Neuroscience in New Orleans.
Data and conclusions presented at meetings are typically considered preliminary until published in a peer-reviewed medical journal.
The U.S. National Institute for Neurological Disorders and Stroke talks about the brain and how it works.
Copyright © 2013 ScoutNews, LLC. All rights reserved.
HealthDayNews articles are derived from various sources and do not reflect federal policy. healthfinder.gov does not endorse opinions, products, or services that may appear in news stories. For more information on health topics in the news, visit Health News on healthfinder.gov.


Woodrow Charles "Woody" Herman (May 16, 1913 – October 29, 1987) was an American jazz clarinetist, alto and soprano saxophonist, singer, and big band leader.
Leading various groups called "The Herd", Herman was one of the most popular of the 1930s and 1940s bandleaders. His bands often played music that was experimental for its time. He was a featured halftime performer for Super Bowl VII. WIKIPEDIA Herman was born Woodrow Charles Thomas Herrman in Milwaukee, Wisconsin on May 16, 1913. His parents were Otto and Myrtle Herrman. His father had a deep love for show business and this influenced Woody Herman at an early age. As a child he worked as a singer and tap-dancer in Vaudeville, then started to play the clarinet and saxophone by age 12. In 1931, he met Charlotte Neste, an aspiring actress; they married on September 27, 1936. Woody Herman joined the Tom Gerun band and his first recorded vocals were "Lonesome Me" and "My Heart's at Ease". Herman also performed with the Harry Sosnick orchestra, Gus Arnheim and Isham Jones. Isham Jones wrote many popular songs, including "It Had to Be You" and at some point was tiring of the demands of leading a band. Jones wanted to live off the residuals of his songs; Woody Herman saw the chance to lead his former band, and eventually acquired the remains of the orchestra after Jones' retirement.


text:
Demonstrate Empathy. Safeguard Loyalty.
Today, patients have many options for medical care, which is why making sure they are happy with their experience is critical in maintaining their loyalty. The patient billing process plays a critical role in that overall experience—and therefore should be monitored and evaluated to ensure your patients are receiving a positive result.
Apex offers a quick, easy to use survey that gives the feedback providers need to ensure a pleasant after-care experience. The feedback gained from our survey highlights positive attributes in the patient billing experience, and helps identify issues so action can be taken.
Patients Who Interact with Apex Report an Unmatched 95% Satisfaction
But we don't just sit around and pat ourselves on the back for that number. We're continuously analyzing the feedback of patients who aren't 100% satisified to understand what we can do to improve their experience. We look at feedback based on payment channel, balance due, demographics and other characteristics to truly help us understand where improvements are needed for specific patient populations. Continuously asking patients for their feedback is an essential step in tailoring the billing experience for all, and inspires ideas for future solution enhancements:
- Improve the billing process
- Improve the online experience
- Understand patient challenges so action can be taken
- Demonstrate empathy
- Increase satisfaction and loyalty


July 2007, Vol. 19, No.7
Certification Quiz
Test Your Knowledge of Headworks Treatment
 True or False Questions:
 1. Screening presses and vacuum containers are used at wastewater treatment plants to remove the liquid from the screenings before transport to reduce excess water, volume, and weight.
 2. The spacing between the bars in bar screens is typically 0.25 to 0.5 in. (6.35 to 12.7 mm).
 3. The chains used in chain-driven bar screens tend to stretch from wear.
 4. The basic components of wastewater grit material consists of such materials as sand, cinders, rocks, coffee grounds, cigarette filter tips, and other relatively nonputrescible organic and inorganic substances.
 5. Grit classifiers remove organics from the grit.
 6. Multiple Choice Questions:
 7. Hand-cleaned grit chambers are typically used in what size plants?
 8. A. Large plants with flows greater than 11 mgd.
 B. Medium-sized plants with flows between 6 and 10 mgd.
 C. Small plants with flows generally between 3 and 5 mgd.
 D. The smallest plants with flows generally less than 1 mgd.
 9. Aerated grit chambers provide a period of wastewater detention to trap grit through air-induced rotation of the wastewater at approximately what speed?
 10. A. 1 ft/s (0.3 m/s).
 B. 3 ft/s (0.9 m/s).
 C. 5 ft/s (1.5 m/s).
 D. 7 ft/s (2.1 m/s).
 11. Calculate the monthly screenings disposal cost for a 10-mgd wastewater treatment plant. Assume that on a typical day, 1.2 yd3, 2.3 yd3, and 0.7 yd3 of compacted screenings were removed during the first, second, and third shifts, respectively. The plant pays $35 to dump each 12-ft-long, 4-ft-wide, 5-ft-high container at the landfill.
 12. A. $66 per month.
 B. $147 per month.
 C. $380 per month.
 D. $515 per month.
Answer Key:
Click here to show or hide the answer key
Water Environment Federation (2007). Operation of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants; Manual of Practice No. 11, Fifth Ed. Alexandria, Va.: Water Environment Federation.


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Morning is the time of day from midnight to noon. Morning is usually cooler than afternoon. Many people say it is not morning until they wake up.
Morning activities[change | change source]
Many people use the morning as a time to get ready for the day. This includes things like taking a shower, eating a meal (called breakfast, because you break the fast of the night) and getting dressed. Then many people go to work or school.
Many people buy a morning newspaper to read about what is going on in the world.


text:
Assigns a handle to this window.
Assembly: System.Windows.Forms (in System.Windows.Forms.dll)
The handle to assign cannot be in a different application process.
The following code example demonstrates intercepting operating system window messages in a window procedure. The example creates a class that inherits from NativeWindow to accomplish this.
The MyNativeWindowListener class hooks into the window procedure of the form passed into the constructor, and overrides the WndProc method to intercepts the WM_ACTIVATEAPP window message. The class demonstrates the use of the and ReleaseHandle methods to identify which window handle the NativeWindow will use. The handle is assigned based upon the Control.HandleCreated and Control.HandleDestroyed events. When the WM_ACTIVATEAPP window message is received, the class calls the form1 ApplicationActivated method.
' NativeWindow class to listen to operating system messages. Friend Class MyNativeWindowListener Inherits NativeWindow'Constant value was found in the "windows.h" header file. Private Const WM_ACTIVATEAPP As Integer = &H1C Private parent As Form1 Public Sub New(ByVal parent As Form1) AddHandler parent.HandleCreated, AddressOf Me.OnHandleCreated AddHandler parent.HandleDestroyed, AddressOf Me.OnHandleDestroyed Me.parent = parent End Sub'Listen for the control's window creation and hook into it. Private Sub OnHandleCreated(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)'Window is now created, assign handle to NativeWindow. AssignHandle(CType(sender, Form).Handle) End Sub Private Sub OnHandleDestroyed(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)'Window was destroyed, release hook. ReleaseHandle() End Sub _ Protected Overrides Sub WndProc(ByRef m As Message)'Listen for operating system messages Select Case (m.Msg) Case WM_ACTIVATEAPP'Notify the form that this message was received.'Application is activated or deactivated,'based upon the WParam parameter. parent.ApplicationActivated(m.WParam.ToInt32() <> 0) End Select MyBase.WndProc(m) End Sub End Class


text:
New Study Examines Alcoholism Among Women Living With HIV
November 3, 2011
A new study will investigate whether the prescription drug naltrexone can help women living with HIV reduce their alcohol consumption and improve their overall health. The study will be run by University of Florida researchers, who received a $2.7 million grant from the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.
"Alcohol consumption can be harmful in persons with HIV infection if it affects the ability to take medications on schedule, causes people to make poor decisions, or has direct harmful effects on the immune system or other parts of the body," said the study's lead investigator Robert Cook, M.D., M.P.H., an associate professor of epidemiology and medicine at the UF College of Public Health and Health Professions and the College of Medicine. "It is the same with any chronic disease, such as diabetes. Our goals are to identify simple and acceptable treatment options that can help reduce these harmful effects."...
... In an earlier long-term study of alcohol consumption in women with HIV, Cook and colleagues found that 14 percent to 24 percent of the women reported hazardous drinking in the past year. Hazardous alcohol consumption is defined as having four or more drinks daily or seven or more drinks in a week. Previous studies have shown elevated risk for adverse health effects in people with HIV who consume hazardous amounts of alcohol, including higher levels of HIV virus, lower medication adherence, increased risky sexual behavior and more rapid disease progression.
UF researchers, with colleagues from Florida International University and the University of Miami, will study whether the prescription medication naltrexone can reduce hazardous drinking in women with HIV and improve their health outcomes. Naltrexone has been found to decrease alcohol use in previous studies of men with severe drinking problems, but has not been tested exclusively in women or in people with HIV infection, Cook said. Researchers also will assess important clinical measures, such as adherence to HIV medications, white blood cell counts, levels of HIV virus present in the body and risky sexual behavior.
According to the Kaiser Family Foundation, more than 290,000 women are living with HIV/AIDS in the United States, with Florida ranking second among U.S. states. Most of the study participants will be recruited from the Miami and Fort Lauderdale areas. Given Florida's racial and ethnic diversity, researchers hope the study will provide a better understanding of how cultural issues and differences impact HIV-positive women and their relationships with alcohol and how treatment and interventions can be applied throughout the rest of the country. This study is just one of three involving Florida universities studying alcohol use among women living with HIV.
Warren Tong is the research editor for TheBody.com and TheBodyPRO.com.
Follow Warren on Twitter: _USER_.
Copyright © 2011 The HealthCentral Network, Inc. All rights reserved.
Media Coverage of Potential Link Between Hormonal Contraception, HIV Risk Needed More "Critical Thinking"
No comments have been made.
Internet search results. Be careful when providing personal information! Before
adding your comment, please read TheBody.com's Comment Policy.)
Copyright © 2007-2013 Remedy Health Media, LLC. All rights reserved.


text:
Summary: In our study, we undertake a relative efficiency analysis of hospitals providing inpatient care, which play a key role in the Hungarian health care system. According to the Competitiveness Report 2020 of the Hungarian National Bank, the Hungarian health care system has a number of reserves, and the sustainability of the system can be improved by using these reserves. In the 2015-2019 period, particular attention has been paid to the identification of achievable and meaningful indicators in the sector under review. The relative effectiveness analysis (DEA) method can be used to address this challenge. The units of our analysis are state-owned institutions in Hungary, typologised by the total number of beds. General profile hospitals with a bed count between 600 and 1200 beds were included in the analysis. The results of running the programme have clearly shown that there are some institutions that do not operate as efficiently as the majority of the organisations included in the study, but further research and refinement of the indicators is needed to determine the practical application of the pilot studies.
Keywords: hospital, effectiveness analysis, DEA method
JEL codes: I14, H11
Download full text here! (pdf)


text:
Belgica De Weerd Belga Biovit 1000ml
Belga Biovit is ideal during the moulting and breeding period. It contains the most essential nutrients (including liquid minerals and trace elements) in the correct proportions for optimal growth of new feathers. Belga Biovit makes the feathers smooth, shiny and silky.
During the breeding and moulting period: 10 ml Belga Biovit in 2 litres of water, two to three times a week.


text:
Originally Published: 2005/2/16
I've mentioned this before, but I'd like to repeat myself here to hopefully help the debunking of the age-old Japanese sentence order myth.
Many of you have probably heard this before but to review, here's how the myth goes.
An English sentence must consist of at least a subject, verb, and object in that order. However, in Japanese, the order must be subject, object, then verb.
English sentence order = [Subject] [Verb] [Object]
Japanese sentence order = [Subject] [Object] [Verb]
I can debunk this myth is 2 seconds. Let's see, is this sentence correct?
-Apple I ate.
Why, yes it is. And look, the object appears to come before the subject. Boy, that was easy.
There are several misleading things about this myth besides the fact that it's just plain incorrect. First of all, as I've partially explained in a previous post, Japanese doesn't require or even have anything equivalent to the English subject. In addition, you only need a verb to make a complete thought in Japanese.
What gets tricky is that the state-of-being verb (the English verb "to be") can be implicitly implied by a noun or adjective. That's because Japanese doesn't have an actual verb for the state-of-being.
-That [is] unfortunate.
Why Japanese doesn't have strict sentence order
In Japanese, we have things called particles that come after almost every word in the sentence to identify exactly what role that word is playing. That means that no matter where the word is in the sentence, we'll know whether it's an object, topic, identifier, target, context, etc.. The only reason sentence order is so strict in English is because without clear rules of ordering, we won't have any idea which word is supposed to play which role.
In English, sentence order changes the meaning of the sentence.
１） Dog saw Tree.
２）Tree saw Dog.
In Japanese, because of particles, no matter how you move things around, the dog is still the topic and the tree is still the object.
１） Dog[topic particle] tree[object particle] saw. = Dog saw tree.
２） Tree[object particle] dog[topic particle] saw. = Dog saw tree.
In order to really understand Japanese sentence structure, you need to break things down into clauses. A clause is the smallest part of a sentence that expresses a complete thought. As mentioned previously, in order to express a complete thought, you must have a verb or a noun/adjective that is a state-of-being. Now, the only thing you have to remember is that everything that applies to that verb must come before it. And that each clause can have only one such verb.
The verb (or state-of-being) must come at the very end of the clause
１）犬が木を見た。 – The dog saw tree.
２）木を犬が見た。 – The dog saw tree.
１）私は学生です。 – I am student.
２）学生は私です。 – The student is me.
Surprisingly, that's really the only thing you have to worry about in terms of Japanese sentence ordering. It's one of the great benefits of particles actually because sentence order no longer defines a word's function.
All of the following sentences are correct.
It is also important to realize that the farther away you get from the main verb, the more extraneous the information becomes. In sentence １, the sentence is mostly centered on the fact that the studying is done at the library while in sentence ３, the focus is on the fact that he always studies.
In order to make more complicated sentences, you can take separate clauses and combine them with either with conjunctions or by direct noun modifications. But as long as the sentence structure in each separate clause is correct, there should be no problems with sentence ordering no matter how complicated and long the sentence is.
I'm sure linguistic experts will claim I'm totally wrong and SOV is a classification, word order preference, or whatever you want to call it and doesn't technically require an "S" or "O". My original point in the article (though admittedly I was younger and more dramatic) is that this classification doesn't help SLA and in fact creates a lot of confusion and common mistakes for beginners learning Japanese as a second language.
It's a BIG stretch to say there's some equivalence to English as an SVO language. In English, saying "Ball boy hits" is grammatically incorrect. On the other hand, in Japanese, not only are both "Ball boy hits" and "Boy ball hits" grammatically correct, they have the same meaning if the particles remain unchanged regardless of order. There's a fundamental difference in the two languages that is not accurately portrayed by this misleading classification.
Furthermore, I believe the whole viewpoint of SOV vs SVO linguistically is very western-centric and not a good way to describe Japanese. If you want to prove me wrong with a mathematical proof in the style of formal language theory, that's one thing but this is far more subjective and to say one is "wrong" because it doesn't adhere to an established curriculum is short-sighted. I highly doubt linguistics created in a vacuum purely for Japanese would have taken the same approach here.


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At the beginning of September, the International Olympiad in Informatics (IOI) was held in Tsukuba, Japan, and Rakuten Institute of Technology was honored to both sponsor the event and participate as presenters during it. The IOI is an annual international informatics competition for high school students from around the world, held every four years, with this being the 30th time it is held and the first time for Japan to be the host.
As well as the competition, the week is also filled with social and cultural programs to foster friendship across nations, and this year it was attended by more than 900 participants representing 85 different countries. The competition consists of two days solving several complex algorithmic informatics problems, combining skills in problem analysis, design of algorithms and data structures, programming and testing, and the results are then tallied up to decide the winners. As a revered international event, the opening ceremony was even attended by Princess Kako, the second-eldest grandchild of Japan's emperor.
Satoshi Egi, one of our researchers, represented Rakuten Institute of Technology at the event by holding a presentation on Egison, a programming language based on pattern matching that he developed. To commemorate the event, we designed a special t-shirt to showcase the language that you can see below.
The front has the definition of a multiset matcher, an Egison-specific object used to define a multiset pattern matching algorithm, and the back has a program using the multiset matcher to describe different poker hands. The combination allows for the wearer to simultaneously explain how the multiset matcher works, and at the same time use the poker program as an example, and is sure to make an impression at any informatics party.
The many participating students participated with a flurry of enthusiastic questions, turning it into a very active and captivating session. In the words of the presenter himself, it was an honor to present to so many young people with impressive knowledge of programming, and he looks forward to running into them again at future events and workplaces.
For more information on IOI and Egison, see the below links.


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Gingergrass essential oil, distilled from the aromatic and herbaceous grass Cymbopogon martini var. sofia, is a close sibling species of Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martini var. motia). In other words, these two oils are oils are distilled from two different varieties of the exact same plant species. Where their natural habitats do overlap spontaneous hybrids of the two sibling species are common.
As might be expected, the two oils have very similar profiles regarding their clinical use in both herbal medicine and aromatherapy. However, there are various subtle differences between the two plants. Here are some of these:
- Gingergras is tetraploid and palmarosa is diploid. While a tetraploid organism has four sets of chromosomes, a diploid organism features two sets of chromosomes (one set from the female parent and another set from the male parent).
- The two varieties seldom grow in proximity to each other and are usually found at different altitudes (gingergrass prefers lower altitudes) and in different environments. While palmarosa prefers sunny mountain slopes, forest clearings and dry, well-drained soil, gingergrass is found primarily in humid, low altitude valleys and forests which are well-watered by frequent fog and a high annual rainfall. Thus, while the palmarosa type is better for a dry environment, the gingergrass type is better for one with higher humidity.
- Palmarosa grows in scattered patches in a dry and sunny habitat. Gingergrass grows in dense masses in a wetter and less sunny habitat.
- Gingergrass essential oil has a geraniol content up to 65%. Palmarosa oil has a geraniol content of up to 95%.
- When an inflorescence leaf (an inflorescence is the part of a plant that consists of a flower-bearing stalk or series of branches) of each species is moved from base to tip between ones fingers, while the gingergrass leaf feels rough and sticky, the palmarosa leaf feels smooth and clean.
Spiritual PhytoEssencing (SPE) is not a clinical practice. Rather it employs essential oils for the purpose of deep soul-level healing. All of these differences between gingergrass and palmarosa serve as plant signatures that help highlight differences between the gingergrassand palmarosa-type individuals (i.e., between individuals who have a deep constitutional affinity for one or the other oil). In this article I will limit my discussion to expanding understanding of the inner nature of these two oils via their gemstone synchronicities.
Carl Jung coined the term "synchronicity," referring to thoughts and events that are connected in ways other than causally (i.e., by the law of cause and effect). In Carl Jung: Wounded Healer Of The Soul, Clair Dunne writes: "Jung called synchronicity 'acausal [without rationally explicable cause] orderedness', a principle not contradicting the scientific time, space, and causality modes of Western thinking, but rather a complementary addition to it…Synchronicities are hard to verify objectively, but they are subjectively very meaningful."
In the classic example from his own work, Jung, while listening to a patient recount a dream about a scarab (a type of beetle), heard a light tapping on his office window. When he went to investigate the sound, he saw a brilliantly colored beetle just outside the window. This uncanny coincidence made him wonder about the meaning of such "synchronicities." In SPE synchronicities play a major role in my elaboration of the unique soul-nature of each essential oil.
Synchronicities, unlike scientifically observed phenomena, cannot be definitively explained via the laws of the space-time dimension. Instead, they emerge from the domain of spirit and collective consciousness. Their value in healing work can only be demonstrated through practical application.
Thus far, I have identified more than 70 synchronicities between specific essential oils and gemstones. These synchronicities play an important role in many of the chapters I have written for Berkowsky's Synthesis Materia Medica of Essential Oils. Gemstone synchronicities play an especially crucial role in the differentiation between palmarosa oil and gingergrass oil.
Plants, like human beings and all other animals, are alive and everything that is alive is ensouled. In the same way, that one cannot really know another person without developing relation with his or her authentic self (that aspect of the self-structure which has never disengaged from spirit), one cannot truly know an essential oil without developing soul-to-soul relation with its innermost realm. This cannot be achieved solely through study of the biochemical profile and therapeutic actions of an oil as these are archetypal images (tangible manifestations of an underlying non-material archetype) that represent just a fraction of the complex archetypal fabric of the oil.
An essential oil is the most concentrated carrier of the soul of the plant. Thus, to truly know an oil, we must endeavor to reveal to our conscious awareness the unique archetypal pattern within its soul structure. In Spiritual PhytoEssencing, this is accomplished through the identification, and subsequent inter-correlation, of synchronicities including essential oil/gemstone correspondences.
I have been in practice for close to 40 years and gemstones and gemstone elixirs have always been a part of that. My relationship with stones actually began much earlier when I was still in elementary school. In 4th grade I became a serious rock collector and spent many a Sunday afternoon in the gemstone gallery of Manhattan's American Museum of Natural History. I still have my boyhood rock collection and occasionally use some of those stones in my work.
The process of identifying a particular essential oil/gemstone synchronicity is a complex one that incorporates not just logical thought-driven research but also connection to spirit. The integrated operations of the four windows of knowing (sensing, feeling, thinking and connection to spirit) are required both to sustain cosmic consciousness (higher consciousness associated with the process of connecting one's inner spiritual self with the entire being of the natural universe) as well as the process of soul embodiment and the ongoing primacy of the real self in everyday consciousness. To be truly effective, any practitioner who aspires to soul-level healing work must ultimately be guided by spirit. This is a complex topic which is beyond the scope of this article. However, I will discuss it during the blending portion of the SPE/NHSS membership program.
Both gingergrass and palmarosa have an affinity for topaz in general. However, while gingergrass' most specific affinity is earthy brown topaz, palmarosa's is for heart-centered pink topaz.
The word topaz derives from the Sanskrit words nama tapas, meaning fire. The ancient Egyptians held that the topaz gained its color from the golden glow of their sun god Ra. This power was thought to make topaz amulets very powerful protectors against harm. Also, the Romans associated topaz with their sun god, Jupiter. Interestingly, the ultraviolet rays of sunlight displace electrons within the color centers in a topaz crystal and cause it to change color. Despite this alignment with the sun, mystics believe that the gemstone's protective and curative powers waxed and waned in accordance with the phases of the moon.
In terms of the chakras, topaz specifically helps draw off negativity from, and clear energy blockages in, the solar plexus (3rd), third eye (6th) and crown (7th) chakras. However, it essentially impacts all the activities of all the chakras. Topaz helps one let go of restrictive thought patterns and allow one to become more open, relaxed and amenable to listen to the input of others and to expand one's perspectives.
Gingergrass is associated with brown topaz. In general, the color brown, the color of soil, wood and various stones such as sandstone is associated with connection to Earth, nurturing, comfort, fertility, stability, grounding, security, wholesomeness, dependability, orderliness, the feeling of belonging and fitting in, steadfastness, simplicity and sound health.
Brown gemstones in general are associated with the themes of connection to the natural world, centering, grounding, comfort, nurturing, organization, order as opposed to chaos, decisiveness and Earth energy. Brown topaz encourages optimal choices based upon discernment and refinement. In this way, it can help reduces distrust, uncertainty and doubt, especially self-doubt. This gemstone builds inner strength and stability, self-confidence and commitment. It also supports stronger devotion in love and the capacity for developing lasting friendships.
Brown topaz may prove of good service for those who tend to be closed and distrust life. It is thought to have potential value in the treatment of agitation, restlessness, agoraphobia, timidity, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Via its supports of Chakra 1 (Root chakra), brown topaz increases inner strength, motivation and reduces feelings of insecurity. Sometimes referred to as the "Earth gem" it can provide unique benefit to farmers, gardeners, those who work with animals and conservationists.
Palmarosa oil is associated with pink topaz. On a psycho-spiritual level pink, the color associated with the energy of kindness and unconditional love pacifies and calms and so can be used to ameliorate anger aggression, irritation, over-sensitivity and feelings of neglect and otherwise promote emotional comfort and healing. As pink has been found to have a tranquilizing effect upon those prone to aggression and violence, it is often the paint color of choice in prisons, mental institutions, hospitals, and drug rehabilitation centers (it may help reduce the anxiety and suffering associated with withdrawal


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Capital IconMinnesota Legislature
Office of the Revisor of Statutes
Subdivision 1.Fraud prevention measures required.
Each money transmitter shall:
(1) provide a clear, concise, and conspicuous consumer fraud warning on all transmittal forms used by consumers to send money to an individual;
(2) provide consumer fraud prevention training for agents involved with transmittals;
(3) monitor agent activity relating to consumer transmittals; and
(4) establish a toll-free number for consumers to call to report fraud or suspected fraud.
Subd. 2.Voluntary disqualification by customer.
A money transmitter that originates money transfers in this state must allow an individual to voluntarily disqualify the individual from sending or receiving money transfers. The disqualification lasts for one year, unless the individual requests that it be in effect for a period longer than one year. The individual may terminate the disqualification at any time upon written notice to the money transmitter.
Subd. 3.
MS 2018 [Repealed, 2020 c 80 art 1 s 29]
Subd. 4.
Subd. 5.High incidence of schemes to defraud.
The commissioner, after consulting with licensed money transmitters, may recommend a maximum transaction amount for money transmissions to countries associated with high incidence of schemes to defraud.
Subd. 6.Notification of attempted receipt of money transfer at unexpected location.
Upon request of a sender of a money transmission, a money transmitter shall promptly notify the sender if the money transmitter receives notice that a person has attempted to receive the transfer at a physical location in a state or country other than the state or country specified by the sender. The money transmitter shall not authorize receipt of the transfer at any physical location not specified in writing by the sender at the time of the transmission unless the money transmitter has received authorization from the sender.
Subd. 7.Verification of name and location of receipt of money transfer.
Upon request of a sender or the authorized delegate of a money transmission, a money transmitter shall provide the sender verification of the location where the transfer was received and the name of the person receiving the transfer. This subdivision only applies to transmissions received at a physical location.
Official Publication of the State of Minnesota
Revisor of Statutes


Octopus Deploy Documentation
Authoring an Octopus Server extension
Last updated
This is the key NuGet package you will need in order to build an Octopus Server extension.
This namespace contains the interfaces and structures an extension can implement, which the Octopus Server will go looking for.
The key interface to be aware of is IOctopusExtension, as this forms the entry point for your extension and without it the server cannot load your extension. An example of its usage is as follows:
 [OctopusPlugin("Directory Services", "Octopus Deploy")]
 public class DirectoryServicesExtension : IOctopusExtension
 public void Load(ContainerBuilder builder)
The second important component here is the OctopusPluginAttribute, which provides the description and author metadata for the extension.
Octopus Deploy itself uses Autofac as its IoC container, and as such the extensions are provided with the container builder during startup, so they can register their own internal services.
Extension configuration
Many extensions will want to store configuration related to their own specific functionality, certainly all of the Octopus Deploy extensions do. To facilitate this, the server provides the extensions the ability to register their need to store a configuration object in the Configuration table in the database. Below is an example of a configuration object and its mapping class:
 public class DirectoryServicesConfiguration : IId
 public string Id { get; set; }
 public bool IsEnabled { get; set; }
 public string ActiveDirectoryContainer { get; set; }
 public AuthenticationSchemes AuthenticationScheme { get; set; }
 public bool AllowFormsAuthenticationForDomainUsers { get; set; }
 public class DirectoryServicesConfigurationMapping : IConfigurationDocumentMapper
 public Type GetTypeToMap() => typeof(DirectoryServicesConfiguration);
Things to note here are:
 - The configuration object is a POCO stored as serialized JSON in the database, so properties that are enums (as above) or POCOs themselves are supported.
 - The configuration object itself must implement IId, to provide the Id for the JSON data. This is typically a constant unique to your extension.
 - The mapping class must be registered as an IConfigurationDocumentMapper in Autofac when the extension is loaded.
Configuration stores and the configure command
Now that your extension has configuration, how do you set the configuration values? The pattern we're using involves a Configuration Store and a class that implements the IContributeToConfigureCommand interface. The IContributeToConfigureCommand interface is the key part. The store is a pattern that we've found works well for us (because in some cases we have data that may need to be migrated from the server.config into the DB), but is not mandatory. An example of an extension contributing to the configure command is as follows:
 public class DirectoryServicesConfigureCommands : IContributeToConfigureCommand, IHandleLegacyWebAuthenticationModeConfigurationCommand
 readonly ILog log;
 readonly IDirectoryServicesConfigurationStore activeDirectoryConfiguration;
 public DirectoryServicesConfigureCommands(
 ILog log,
 IDirectoryServicesConfigurationStore activeDirectoryConfiguration)
 this.log = log;
 this.activeDirectoryConfiguration = activeDirectoryConfiguration;
 public IEnumerable GetOptions()
 yield return new ConfigureCommandOption("activeDirectoryIsEnabled=", "Set whether active directory is enabled.", v =>
 var isEnabled = bool.Parse(v);
 log.Info($"Active directory IsEnabled set to: {isEnabled}");
 yield return new ConfigureCommandOption("activeDirectoryContainer=", "Set the active directory container used for authentication.", v =>
 log.Info($"Active directory container set to: {v}");
 yield return new ConfigureCommandOption("webAuthenticationScheme=", "When Domain authentication is used, specifies the scheme (Basic, Digest, IntegratedWindowsAuthentication, Negotiate, Ntlm)", v =>
 var scheme = (AuthenticationSchemes) Enum.Parse(typeof(AuthenticationSchemes), v);
 log.Info("Web authentication scheme: " + scheme);
 yield return new ConfigureCommandOption("allowFormsAuthenticationForDomainUsers=", "When Domain authentication is used, specifies whether the HTML-based username/password form can be used to sign in.", v =>
 var allowFormsAuthenticationForDomainUsers = bool.Parse(v);
 log.Info("Allow forms authentication for domain users: " + allowFormsAuthenticationForDomainUsers);
Services provided by the host
This section contains the interfaces and structures related to'services' that the extensions can consume from the Octopus Server itself. In this section, we'll detail a couple of interfaces you're most likely to need. To use them install the relevant NuGet package and take a dependency in your extension constructor.
ILog from Octopus.Diagnostics
This interface provides access to the server's logging infrastructure, so your extension can log Info, Warnings, Errors etc.
IKeyValueStore from Octopus.Configuration
This interface provides access to the server.config XML file, should your extension need to read/write configuration values there.
Building the extension
An extension is simply a.NET dll, so you can build it in any way that you would normally build your.NET code.
Extension points
At the moment you can only extend Authentication but we plan to expose more of Octopus internals in the future so stay tuned and check this page every now then for updates.
Install a custom extension
Need support? We're here to help.


Newspaper Dance
 - 2 or 3 sheets of newspaper
There are many ways to create dances with a double sheet of newspaper.
 1. Open the newspaper and spread it on the floor.
 2. Skip around it; jump on it; run and leap over it; slither under it; swivel on it with your feet together.
 3. Now pick up the newspaper and wave it from side to side; run with it high in the air; throw it up in the air and watch it float to the floor; repeat and then try to imitate the movement pattern of the newspaper.
 4. Next, crumple the newspaper into a ball; throw the ball and catch it; roll it along the floor and follow on your hands and knees; stand up and dribble it with your feet; lie on your back and hold the ball between your feet how many different movements can you make?
 5. Finally, spread the paper out flat again; pick it up, and as you move from place to place, shred the paper into little pieces and toss them into the air like confetti; scoop up handfuls and throw into the air as you conclude the "newspaper dance."
Note: Be sure to pick up all the pieces of newspaper and take them to the recycling bin!
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Report to Congress
This Report to Congress on Pedestrian Safety was developed in accordance with requirements of the Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users. Section 2003(e) requires the Secretary of Transportation to submit to Congress a comprehensive report on pedestrian safety that builds on the current level of knowledge of pedestrian safety countermeasures by identifying the most effective advanced technology and intelligent transportation systems. Section 2003(e) also requires that the report include recommendations on how new technological developments could be incorporated into educational and enforcement efforts and how they could be integrated into national design guidelines.
The FHWA Safety Office is continually developing new materials to assist states, localities and citizens in improving pedestrian and bicycle safety. The materials listed on this page were completed recently.
The State of Florida is developing a statewide Pedestrian Safety Action Plan. They have set up a project website that includes information about the project, workshop presentations and resources relating to pedestrian safety.


text:
In 1890, the Board of Trustees commissioned Merry L. Pence to survey prospects for a campus lake. The early campus catalogs describe the university lake as deriving from the "natural conformation of the ground and an abundant supply of water from the Maxwell Spring." These two things rendered the construction of an artificial lake with a boating course a quarter of a mile in length, "thus providing for a beautiful sheet of water to add to the attractions of the landscape." It was six feet deep at the Limestone Street end and three feet deep at the other.
|Barker Hall, left and the Main Building, right.|
In the summer, students boated on the lake and in the winter, they ice skated. But by 1917, the lake had become an eyesore for the campus and it had essentially become a swamp. Discussions by the Board of Trustees to either restore it as a lake or turn it into a botanical garden ensued. The problem was resolved in the 1920s during preparation of the ground for building the Alumni Gymnasium and McLean Stadium.


What are the benefits of scolecite?
In summary...
Heart, blood circulation, lungs, nervous system, pancreas, back, eyes, bowel, stress, fear
Physical benefits
The scolecite is beneficial to the blood and lymphatic, respiratory and nervous systems. It has the ability to maintain a good functioning of our cardiovascular and cerebral system. It is also a stone that helps regenerate the pancreas, realign the spine, improve vision and balance the intestines.
Psychic benefits
The scolecite brings a lot of calm and inner peace. It dispels stress, sadness, fear and anxiety. It is a very valuable life path stone that facilitates forgiveness by eliminating the need to cling to a grievous past. The quest for true values finally makes sense.
 Warning :


text:
EFFECTIVE Quickly kills a broad spectrum of mastitis-causing organisms on contact. Near neutral pH of 6.7 is non-corrosive, non-caustic and non-irritating.
EFFICIENT Fast-acting effervescent tablets dissolve in hard or soft potable water on farm. Precise measurement designed for any herd size.
ECONOMICAL Spend less and gain more. EfferCept® helps to lower somatic cell count and to reduce the high cost of mastitis. No mixing or hauling of heavy barrels or totes.
EfferCept SG Sanitizing Teat Dip when dissolved in water combines the mild, non-irritating, yet powerful killing of EfferCept with cleaning and conditioning to soothe and protect skin, teats, and udders. EfferCept uses hypochlorous acid to penetrate cell walls and deactivate the detrimental organism's primary energy-producing function. Other disinfectants apply an extra-cellular oxidation-reduction reaction that burns or erodes the cell wall.
Mastitis, or inflammation of the mammary gland, is widely considered the single-most proﬁt robbing disease in the U.S. dairy industry. It is critical for preventative measures to be as effective as possible. When used as a pre / post milking teat dip, foam, scrub, or spray, EfferCept controls a broad spectrum of mastitis-causing organisms.
List of mastitis-causing organisms:
EfferCept stands apart from other teat dip products like iodine by maintaining the active ingredient of EfferCept is sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC), in effervescent tablet form for simpliﬁed preparation. While the active ingredient in EfferCept is a member of the chlorine family, it differs from other chlorine-based treatments that operate at a pH favoring the prevalence of the OCl¯ ion. The product is pH-buffered—formulated speciﬁcally to prevent major shifts in pH—so that it exhibits a near-neutral pH of 6.3–6.7 regardless of the concentration level. With a pH comparable to water, EfferCept is set apart from bleach and other chlorine products in its odorless smell and absence of corrosive properties, maintaining the integrity of any equipment or bedding it encounters as it sanitizes.
Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) provides exceptional killing power with virtually no irritation. The HOCl molecule is key to the product's demonstrated performance against a wide range of harmful organisms. This molecule bears no positive or negative charge and, unlike the negatively charged OCl¯ ions produced by chlorous acid/chlorine dioxide treatments or OI¯ ions produced by iodine treatments, it is not repelled by the negatively charged bacterial cell wall. It penetrates the cell wall to deactivate the cell's primary energy-producing source, resulting in rapid cell death.
The molecule easily penetrates microorganisms but does not easily penetrate animal and human skin cells. The HOCl contained in the product formulation reacts with soil and fat substances, converting them to soluble salts that rinse away.
1. The prepared solution is non-caustic with minimal irritation to skin and animal tissue.
2. This neutral pH is created by a high concentration (95%) of hypochlorous acid, HOCl, and a minimum concentration (5%) of the hypochlorite ion, OCl¯. Both HOCl and OCl¯ are relatively strong disinfectants. However, HOCl, as in EfferCept, offers several efﬁcacy advantages:
- Increased control of mastitis-causing organisms
- Continued performance in the presence of organic matter
- Fast kill
In a university study the active ingredient in EfferCept, at half the concentration of Clorox® bleach, demonstrated greater germicidal activity than bleach or 1% Iodine.1
Enriched with SoftGuard "SG" conditioner, EfferCept SG penetrates to help protect and soften teats, skin, and udders.