Tech Insight Data Centre Management: Trends and Challenges
Data Centre Management in the U.S. and China: Trends and Challenges
Business and technology decision makers often focus on factors such as performance and uptime when investing in new solutions. However, as the amount of data that companies collect grows, organisations have had to place more emphasis on a larger number of factors than they have in years past. Seagate surveyed data centre managers throughout the United States and China to explore the most prominent issues facing facility decision makers.
The Seagate Data Centre Manager study polled 651 respondents, who were screened based on several qualification criteria. Those polled had to have IT management responsibilities and work in their organisation's data centre (with a minimum of 50 servers or 100 terabytes of storage). In addition, individuals had to have some responsibility over storage devices. Below is a summary of the study's key findings:
 - Security is a top priority and challenge for both regions.
 - Time-consuming drive management activities represent the largest storage-related pain point.
This report will explore the key issues that data centre managers face, as well as how storage relates to common challenges associated with running a facility. However, it is necessary to first understand general data centre growth and budget trends.
Data Centre and Data Growth Trends
As many businesses place greater demands on their IT departments to spur innovation and generate new efficiencies, it makes sense to first look at the issue of facility budgets. The good news is that a majority of data centre budgets are expected to increase over the next year. This is countered by the fact that storage capacity demand is expected to grow at approximately double that rate. Below is a breakdown of how respondents plan to accommodate expanding data growth.[see Datat Growth Strategies chart below]
The most commonly cited strategies involved new investment; the majority of data centre operators in both regions planned to purchase new hardware, while replacing or upgrading existing solutions was the second highest response. However, fewer respondents (30%) planned to hire new employees to manage these assets, suggesting that they will likely turn to the hardware and software to ease the burden of management. This is also reflected in the most common storage pain points, which are focused on drive management activities.
Although respondents in China tended to be more likely to have new investments planned, some of this may be due to differences in budget growth. While the amount of increase was similar for both regions, more respondents in China (75%) expected larger budgets than those in the United States (54%). This gap may also help to explain some of the key differences in concerns among data centres in the two regions.
Data Centre Operators: Key Concerns and Top Priorities
Managing the modern data centre presents a myriad of challenges, and managers are feeling pressure due to a number of different factors. While there were some regional differences in this area, one factor was prevalent in both countries. When asked to identify the top three challenges for their data centres in 2013, security topped the list with 31% of all survey respondents ranking it the highest. {see Challenges (Top 10) chart below}
Interestingly, data security was ranked below system performance and staff issues for U.S. respondents as a top challenge, but this group ranked improving security as a first priority.
Hardware management presented another top challenge for organisations, but some of the reasons for this difficulty were different depending on region. For instance, U.S. respondents were more likely to cite staffing issues as a top challenge, while data centre operators in China expressed frustration with infrastructure complexity. The difference can likely be attributed to the lower frequency of budget growth in the former. However, both of these problems suggest a heightened demand for streamlining management activities. A limited number of employees will ultimately impact the ability to detect and prevent issues, while the issue of complexity can make it difficult even for a large staff to operate efficiently.
In addition to challenges, Seagate asked respondents what their data centre's top three priorities were for 2013. There was some overlap in the area of security, which garnered the highest number of responses. However, this question also raised new issues and presented some significant regional differences. For example, data centre operators in the United States (28%) placed more emphasis on reducing cost than those in China (19%).
The other top priorities for data centres in China were to increase agility and consolidate operations. This may be a reflection of frustration with infrastructure complexity, as it can become more difficult to incorporate new technologies when the IT ecosystem consists of so many moving parts. Similarly, the focus on operational consolidation suggests that emphasis is placed on improving efficiency to deal with expanding data volume.
It is also worth noting that these issues are not entirely separate. While U.S. respondents were more likely to deal with constrained budgets, the activities associated with data centre consolidation would likely produce cost benefits, whether they stem from lower hardware costs or fewer staff hours spent managing devices. In other words, motivations for doing so may differ, but addressing the core challenges of data centre operation is likely to achieve comparable results.
Data Security: A Detailed Look
The importance of protecting information stored in data centres has risen in prominence alongside news of high-profile breaches. Given that it is a top priority for both regions, it may be helpful to take a closer look at this problem in particular.
Security in general has been climbing executive agendas due to three main factors: mobile security, big data and advanced targeted attacks.
Although not all of those issues are storage problems, the mention of big data does corroborate the notion that expanding volume and complexity plays a role in making data centre security more stressful. In addition, the emergence of targeted attacks makes it more important to protect data in transit, while stored on active drives and after devices have been retired.
InformationWeek's 2013 Strategic Security Study revealed another layer of complexity to the issue. Although the IT industry pays a lot of attention to external attacks, organisations are comparably worried about malicious insiders. When asked about the greatest security risks they face, 53% of respondents said cyber criminals, while 51% cited authorised users.
Fortunately, the Ponemon Institute's 2013 IT Security Tracking Study found that senior-level IT professionals were well aware of the need for comprehensive security {see Important Technologies for Combating Security Risk chart below}. Encryption for data at rest was rated as the third most important technology for mitigating risk, behind security intelligence and access governance systems. Considering that more than 50% of respondents rated numerous solutions as important, businesses have recognised the need for a multifaceted strategy to address this problem.
One potential issue that could arise from utilising numerous solutions is difficulty in managing them. For example, employing encryption for data at rest can be a cumbersome and time-consuming process, particularly if the organisation does not have an information governance strategy in place.
The Issue of Storage
Rapid data growth and increasing demand for capacity place storage at the heart of many data centre challenges. Particularly as enterprises collect and generate larger amounts of information, understanding the issues affecting storage can lead to significant improvements in overall data centre management activity. {See earlier Data Growth Strategies chart}
The leading strategy for accommodating data growth is to purchase new storage solutions, cited by 60% of respondents. This is followed by hardware replacement at 55%, suggesting a dynamic storage ecosystem in most data centres as drives are retired and new hardware is purchased. Despite the rapid rate of change in the average storage environment, fewer respondents (30% of those polled) planned to increase staffing.
This means that data centre operators worldwide will likely have to follow the "do more with less" paradigm that has become prevalent in resource-strapped organisations. The other issues facing data centres, such as existing staffing difficulties in the United States, means that managers would benefit from adjusting storage management practices and vendors will need to implement solutions that streamline drive management activities. For example, one prominent concern regarding ageing drives is that older hardware is more likely to fail and may experience performance degradation. However, retiring drives too early will result in higher total cost of ownership. In this case, it may be beneficial to adopt performance analytics software to ensure drives are working optimally and to use predictive analysis to identify potential failures before they disrupt operations.
Conclusions and Recommendations
As the research shows, data centres face a number of challenges that can all affect total cost of ownership and the difficulty of managing their hardware. Businesses are expected to continue generating large volumes of information, and addressing that data growth requires a comprehensive strategy that makes strategic purchases while maximising those investments.
It is important to consider total cost of ownership from both a process and a technological perspective. While storage hardware management represents a core concern among data centre operators, organisations would also benefit from making these tasks more efficient. For context, Payscale.com lists the median hourly rate for a data centre technician as US$26.11, and Seagate research revealed the five most time-consuming storage drive activities:
 - Monitoring or analysing devices (2.09 hours)
 - Troubleshooting drives (1.46 hours)
 - Improving drive management processes (1.25 hours)
 - Researching new solutions (1.24 hours)
 - Training new staff on procedures (1.22 hours)
** Average hours spent per drive management employee (per week)
Three of those activities are directly related to daily management tasks, meaning that organisations would see an immediate reduction in total cost of ownership by improving operational efficiency. For example, a 20% reduction in drive monitoring and analysis time alone would save US$44 per drive management employee per month. The savings would be even greater if carried out across other key activities, and improving some processes would likely create widespread benefit.
The hardware itself can also play a role in how efficiently tasks can be completed, so it is important to consider the impact of IT investments. Data security serves as a good example. Technology that makes it easier to encrypt stored data would make the process itself faster while mitigating the risk of


Practical Tips for Expository Preachers
There are a variety of methods for sermon preparation and delivery. There is no one way to do it. Everyone is unique and different. Alistair Begg shares five tips that he learned from an older minister when he was a theological student:
 1. Think yourself empty. Survey a passage of Scripture in the proper spirit of unlearnedness. Avoid the proud assumption that you initially know what everything means.
 2. Read yourself full. Read widely and regularly.
 3. Write yourself clear. Aside from the essential empowering of the Spirit, freedom of delivery in the pulpit depends on careful organization in the study.
 4. Pray yourself hot. Without personal prayer and communion with God during the preparation stages, the pulpit will be cold.
 5. Be yourself, but don't preach yourself. There is nothing quite so ridiculous as the affected tone and adopted posture of the preacher who wishes he were someone else. Also - a good teacher clears the way, declares the way, and then gets out of the way.
From the new edition of Preaching for God's Glory by Alistair Begg.
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text:
Proceedings of The 2nd International Conference on Research in Business, Management and Finance
Development of Effective Management Theories
Muhammad Asadullah and Syed Irfan Hyder
This paper examines how Ghoshal's views (2005) of bad management theories are destroying good management practices. The authors propose a solution through which we may identify the bad management theory at an early stage. The authors posit that the theorist should have intuitive ability which is a pre-requisite to develop an effective theory. As far as intuition is concerned, we cannot test the intuitive ability of any individual, therefore a "think tank" may evaluate a management theory according to ethical and cultural perspective. If a management theory is culturally rich and ethical then it will be universally acceptable. On other hand, if management theory lacks characteristics of being culturally rich or poor ethical values then it should be modified or excluded from the literature. All ethical management theories which may not be culturally rich should be addressed with double hermeneutics according to region.
Keywords: ethics, cultural richness, intuitive mindset, management theory and moral values.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
"The Best Poster on the Advantages of Rainwater Harvesting"
The Raindrops Geneva Award is an art competition organised by the IRHA to promote Rainwater Harvesting and to increase public awareness on the importance of this topic.
For the fourth edition of this competition we looked for posters that illustrate the uses and/or benefits of rainwater harvesting.
The International Rainwater Harvesting Alliance is pleased to announce that the jury, chaired by Mr. Christian Rümelin (Chief Curator, Graphic Arts Department of the Arts and History Museum, Geneva) and made up of Mr. Jérôme Baratelli (Head, Visual Communication Department, HEAD Art & Design School, Geneva), Mr. André Klopmann (Vice Secretary, Chancellerie, Geneva), Mr. Alain Dick (IRHA, President) and Ms. Vessela Monta (IRHA, Executive Director), have now reached a decision and selected the three posters that best illustrate the uses and benefits of rainwater [cf. Rules of the Competition].
With over 750 submissions of very high quality entered from 77 different countries, selecting just three posters was not an easy task. All posters were reviewed carefully following a set of criteria specified in the Rules of the Competition and supplemented by the jury:
- The force and artistic value of the message, including technical and aesthetic considerations;
- The expression of the advantages of rainwater harvesting for mankind and nature;
- The pertinence of the presented experiences/examples of rainwater harvesting;
- The format: graphically speaking does this submission work as a poster.
The selection process was conducted as follows:
- All posters were saved anonymously* into one file.
- Out of all posters, 125 posters were preselected, using the above mentioned criteria. Any posters not matching the requirements stated in the Rules of the Competition were automatically excluded.
- The Jury discussed the remaining 125 posters: the jury reviewed the posters left in the competition and were able to reduce this figure by selecting those that stood out round after round. After long hours of debate, the overall number of 750 posters was reduced to just 15. It was decided that all 15 posters would be printed and presented at the Raindrops Geneva Awards 2013 Exhibition that will be held for a week on 21st March 2014 in the World Famous Courtyard of the Geneva Town Hall, with the support of the Republique et Canton de Genève.
- Selection of the three winning posters: A handful of posters clearly stood out and were voted on by the members of the jury. Each member of the jury was allowed three votes. The winning posters were those that received the majority of votes.
IRHA congratulates the following three winners:
1st Prize (1'000 CHF): Kateryna Korniienko-Heidtman for "Rainwater Use for Life"
2nd Prize (600 CHF): Eva Kay Norrington for "Smallest of Gestures"
3rd Prize (400 CHF): Jason Holmes for "0.3%".
The authors of the 13 posters shortlisted for the exhibition also deserve a huge congratulation:
- Nelu Wolfensohn for "Rain Drops, Life Drops"
- Francesca Reinero for "Rainwater is a free asset, use it"
- Anna Zima for "Life in every Drop"
- Pash Bolshakov for "The Perspective"
- Seyyedmehdi Mousavi for "Efficiency"
- David Walton for "Raindrops"
- Charlie O'Connell for "Rainwater Harvesting can turn your Life Around"
- Mikolaj Dobrucki for "Lower Price – Better Quality"
- Svetlana Tarasova for "Save Rainwater for your Washer"
- Tanya Krendel for "Raindrops create the Life Around Us"
- Zuzanna Chanska for "Water your Life with Rain"
- Marc Baker for "Baker_01".
[Photo Gallery of all 15 posters]
Finally, IRHA would like to say a special word of thank you to all the Arts Schools, Universities and Colleges who not only took part in the competition but fully integrated this contest into their syllabus.
With the Support of:
*All posters were kept anonymous throughout the selection process. The names of the authors of the three winning posters were revealed to the members of the jury only after the final selection had been made.
Click on the images below to download the relevant documents:
|Entry form||Rules of the Competition||Raindrops booklet|


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Topic: How to pronounce "Arduino"? (Read 51690 times) previous topic - next topic
This is how you can pronounce the board's name in proper Italian, download the sound file in the format that better suits you:
"Add a bit of jazz and swing between the 'Ah' and the 'du' - then say the 'ino' as in "ee no""
Cool, i think that is the better pronunciation for the word ARDUINO.
its made up of two old italian words(latin based) it means "hard-work" and "small" like the English word "arduous" and ino means small...
According to a recent article from wired magazine (in italian) _URL_
The board was named after a pub in the surroundings of the Interaction Design Institute, Ivrea, Tourin, Italy.
Obviously Arduino is not just a pub's name, it's a proper (not so common) noun!
Arduino is still used as a name and surname, in Italy and probably in most european countries. Infact according to a great italian site for name and surnames (in italian) _URL_ :
"It comes from the germanic name, Harduwin or Hardwin, made by hardu-, "strong" and wini, "friend", spread by the tribal population of the Franks in the IXth century, consolidated thanks to the prestige of few saints and the Italian king Arduino d'Ivrea (_PHONE_).
The name day can be celebrated the 15th of august in memory of Saint Arduino from Rimini, died in 1009."
As of today this noun has more spread use as a surname
As you can see from the graph here _URL_
The name has even more wide spread use when meaning our lovely microcontroller, so let's take this for the first, most important, meaning of the word Arduino!
Marvin Martian
On a related note, in quite a few of Arduino project-related video clips I've watched, people pronunce "solder" as "sodder"... never heard that before, maybe it's a US thing (I'm English)...
Coding Badly
Nov 26, 2010, 10:21 am Last Edit: Nov 26, 2010, 10:21 am by bcook Reason: 1
You Brits. Always making trouble...
Well, I'm Italian and I have no difficult saying it out loud :P
Probably the best way to say it is : "Ard" - "do" - "eeno"
with "Ard" like "Hard" but without the H and "do" like the verb "to do"
I hope this make any sense to you, as I said I'm Italian not English mother tongue.
Marvin Martian
Ah yes. Well at least I'm not imagining it :)
Now don't get me started on "innernet" ;D
I just call it 'the microcontroller' or 'that, err, the arduee, oh,whatever. That board I always play with.' It is quite annoying not being able to pronounce arduino.
My website: _URL_ Up and running now! (Feel free to look round!) :D
Dec 03, 2010, 06:33 pm Last Edit: Dec 03, 2010, 06:34 pm by mowcius Reason: 1
Grr, you people.
Do I really have to post it again?
Coding Badly: This line "I put my soldering iron in it's hoLder, not it's hodder." pretty much sums it up :D
I call it ''The Holy Microcontroller''
this is the most funny topic :P
|I love Technology|
I am Italian and the files posted by D3C3PT1C0N are perfect.
Also the description given by lucky83 is ok.
Federico - Sideralis
Arduino &C: _URL_
Foto: _URL_
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text:
What Aristotle called "the arrangement of the incidents," the plot of a work depends upon how its episodes are presented. A work of IF may have only one possible plot, as in Photopia. It may have several plots, as in Losing Your Grip. Most cave-crawl adventures have multiple plots because they have puzzles that can be solved in a different order each time. Although a work like the usual play or novel can be said to have a plot, a work of IF has one or more potential plots that are only realized during an interaction.
-- nm - 15 Jul 2002

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Plane-Based Optimization for 3D Object Reconstruction from Single Line Drawings
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4 Author(s)
Jianzhuang Liu ; Chinese Univ. of Hong Kong, Shatin ; Liangliang Cao ; Zhenguo Li ; Xiaoou Tang
In previous optimization-based methods of 3D planar-faced object reconstruction from single 2D line drawings, the missing depths of the vertices of a line drawing (and other parameters in some methods) are used as the variables of the objective functions. A 3D object with planar faces is derived by finding values for these variables that minimize the objective functions. These methods work well for simple objects with a small number TV of variables. As N grows, however, it is very difficult for them to find the expected objects. This is because with the nonlinear objective functions in a space of large dimension, the search for optimal solutions can easily get trapped into local minima. In this paper, we use the parameters of the planes that pass through the planar faces of an object as the variables of the objective function. This leads to a set of linear constraints on the planes of the object, resulting in a much lower dimensional null space where optimization is easier to achieve. We prove that the dimension of this null space is exactly equal to the minimum number of vertex depths that define the 3D object. Since a practical line drawing is usually not an exact projection of a 3D object, we expand the null space to a larger space based on the singular value decomposition of the projection matrix of the line drawing. In this space, robust 3D reconstruction can be achieved. Compared with the two most related methods, our method not only can reconstruct more complex 3D objects from 2D line drawings but also is computationally more efficient.
Published in:


HRC Blog
Call To Action: Tobacco Free Living
Written by Michael Glorioso HRC New Orleans Steering committee Co-chair and Outreach Subcommittee Co-chair
We would like to raise more awareness about how tobacco impacts the LGBT community – how historically the gay and lesbian community continues to be targeted by tobacco marketing, and rates of smoking are higher among the gay and lesbian community (and suspected to be much higher among the transgender community).
Background: Data on cigarette smoking prevalence among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) populations in the United States have recently been reported by a small number of sources. The American Lung Association recently created a comprehensive report to assist researchers, providing a variety of historical and statistical data. LGBT smoking rates are disproportionally higher than the general population. Recent smoking rates range from 38% to 59% among LGBT youth and from 11% to 50% among adults, while the national smoking rates range from 28% to 35% for youth and approximately 28% for adults. Smoking rates among Lesbians are reported to be up to 200% higher than straight women. This study sought to answer the question: What are the primary factors that lead to high smoking rates among LGBT?
Methods: Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. Four focus groups were conducted with former smokers, nonsmokers, and current smokers to determine tobacco-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, and reasons LGBT community members initiate and continue tobacco use. Survey data was collected from 685 individuals at six different local events. Thematic analysis was utilized to analyze focus groups, while descriptive statistics were utilized to analyze survey data.
Results: There was a lack of awareness among focus group and survey participants that smoking rates within the LGBT community are higher than the general population. Focus group participants cited peer influences as reasons they initiated and continue to smoke, noting that the LGBT community is more tolerant of smoking than mainstream society. Additionally, the strategy of offering LGBT specific cessation programs was highly supported among current and Ex-Smokers. Survey respondents did not rate tobacco as a high priority health issue for the LGBT community.
Conclusions: Findings from this study clearly shows that tobacco use is a serious issue for the LGBT community. While community members are familiar with the harmful consequences of tobacco use and second-hand smoke, they are generally not aware that they are disproportionately affected by it. Project activities identified a number of innovative strategies that can be effective in increasing awareness, reducing tobacco use, and encouraging other behaviors that will reduce chronic disease and promote overall wellness within the LGBT community.
Now consider these facts, from _PHONE_ tobacco companies contributed $9,689,490 to the GOP. Altria/Philip Morris ($4,820,190) and RJ Reynolds/Reynolds American ($3,584,500) being the largest contributors. The estimated number of LGBTQ smokers in the U.S. is currently 2.4M. With the average price of cigarettes in the U.S. being $5.27 that's $ 3.3B LGBTQ dollars going to the tobacco industry every year. Imagine if that money was spent on social justice and LGBT equality issues (i.e. Legalized Gay Marriage). 20 states currently fund Community-Based Organizations for tobacco control work. And a number of states plan to do so in the near future. Get involved! Identify allies or partners to work with locally or statewide (i.e. Tobacco Free Living). Collaboration and awareness are the keys.
We do not want another generation in our LGBT community to suffer the effects of tobacco use. Exposures to in-store, in bars and in publication tobacco marketing are a primary cause of LGBT smoking. To protect our gay and lesbian community, we must reduce exposure to tobacco marketing and continue to create awareness around the harmful effects smoking and second-hand smoke has on the LGBT community.


First-generation student goes to college
CFCA sponsored youth Alfred.
CFCA sponsored youth Alfred.
Alfred is a sponsored youth from Bhagalpur, India, who is the first person from his village to attend college. Alfred is also a CFCA scholarship student, which helps cover other costs related to his education. Alfred sat down with Sreekanth, our communications liaison in India, to tell us about the academic and social challenges heís experienced as a college freshman.
Are you a first-generation college student? If so, how were you given this opportunity to attend college? Why did you decide to attend?
My father studied up to the ninth grade. He understands the value of education and encouraged me to study. Even though my college is very far away, he tried every opportunity to pay the fees and enroll me in school.
I am the first person to attend college from my village.
The hotel management and catering technology degree is a three-year diploma, and it is very expensive.
Though it is expensive, I preferred it because of CFCA's sponsorship and scholarship support. I paid part of my college fees with CFCA's help through sponsorship support and my CFCA scholarship. I was able to take out a bank loan for the remaining costs.
What did your parents think about your attending college? Did their attitudes change over time?
When I told them about going away to school and the about the college fees, my father told me that we would try to find the remaining costs from a different source.
Alfred with his family.
Alfred with his family.
We were able to use a portion of the CFCA sponsorship funds and the scholarship fund. The remaining costs were covered by a bank loan.
What are some of the challenges you've faced in attending college?
The major challenge is the language barrier. In college, teachers conduct classes in English. I had not studied the English medium, and it became difficult to understand.
I can manage writing English, but speaking is difficult for me.
I am practicing more, and soon I will speak fluently.
In the beginning, I felt that I was the poorest student in school. The other students arrive on bikes or in cars, and they are from very large towns. Many are not even familiar with my village.
I am happy that I can study among them.
How long does it take you to travel from home to college?
I am pursuing a degree in hotel management and catering technology, and the university is more than 248 miles (400 kilometers) from my home. It requires 12 hours of traveling.(Alfred stays near his school while classes are in session, and travels back home around the holidays, usually four times a year. For the final leg of his trip home, he walks eight miles from the main road to his home as there is no public transportation going to his village.)
What are some of the accomplishments you're most proud of in attending college?
I am proud to be the first person to go to college from my area.
CFCA sponsored youth
Alfred makes the long trip to the university and back.
Do you have to pay for lodging away from home in order to attend college? If so, who pays for it? How much does it cost?
At my school, hostel [boarding house] fees are expensive, and two friends and I decided to rent a room.
My father sends me money every month for rent and food expenses.
What are some other costs incurred by your college education?
Other expenses include uniforms, purchasing books, pots and pans, and groceries.
What are your plans for the future? What do you hope to do with your college education?
After I complete my studies, we will have campus selections (job fair). I participate in the campus selections and try for the best organization to join the job. I am ready to go any place to work. I am passionate to see the places..
After getting the job, my first target is to repay the education loan. I also have the responsibility of my family. I am also interested to serve the poor people.
If you could give a message to your sponsor or the donor for your scholarship, what would you say?
All my education expenses (up to intermediate) are paid for with the help of sponsorship support.
Whatever I achieved now is because of CFCA and my sponsor's help. I have been receiving support from second grade and beyond.
I am very much thankful to my sponsor and CFCA.
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Teachers and Admins with multi-school access:
If you have been invited as a teacher or an admin at multiple sites using the same email address you can navigate easily back and forth between the accounts as needed.
On the website:
 - To toggle between school locations you will use the pull down menu at the top of any page:
 - You will then be able to toggle between your different school locations or accounts.
On the App:
 - In the Procare App you can go to "My School" to see the option to "Switch School".
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Item Importer (Project Red)
This page is about the Item Importer added by Project Red. For other uses, see Item Importer.
Item Importer
ModProject Red
TypeSolid block
Required modulesExpansion
The Item Importer is a machine added by Project Red which works like a diode for the Pressure tube and the Pressure Resistance tube. When activated by redstone, this machine blocks items from passing through, redirecting them instead to an alternate route. If none is found, it will route back to its source until either a new route is created or the machine is deactivated. It can also be used to pull items out of an inventory and put them into a pressure tube network if both a redstone pulse is applied, and the wooden part is facing a valid inventory.
If the mod MineChem is installed, then the Item Importer can be decomposed with the Chemical Decomposer into different chemical compounds of MineChem.
Example of a tube system. The item passes from Block Breaker (left) to an Item Importer (middle) into a chest (right) connected with Pressure tubes.
The Item Importer allows items to pass in the tube system of Project Red, but only in one direction. The sides can not be used. The machine pumps automatically from the wooden side to the cobblestone side. When provided with a redstone signal, this machine will not allow items to pass, nor will the path be considered valid by the routing logic. This gives it functionality similar to a relay, allowing you to control when an inventory is connected to the pipe network. This is especially useful if you want to count the contents of a chest designed for automation without its inventory constantly changing.
It is also possible to use a comparator to ensure that chest is only filled up to a certain point with a product, before moving on to the next.


text:
S is an abbreviation for:
Find a translation for S in other languages:
Select another language:
What does S mean?
- S, s(n.)
- the 19th letter of the English alphabet, a consonant.
Use the citation below to add this abbreviation to your bibliography:
S also stands for:
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text:
That last sounds rather leechy - leeches tend to be a bit tail-heavy.
That's pretty much how all the annelids (segmented worms) move. They contract the rings of muscle, and that causes them to extend while getting skinny. Leeches, Earthworms, and those suggested above are all annelids, so they would all demonstrate this type of movement.
Just comparing to nematodes(round worms), that lack the segments, and can only move in a snake-like manner.
I'm not sure that leeches would really burrow, and when I had one in the aquarium, or seen them in the wild, they were usually anchored on at least one end with a sucker (or their mouth).


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sensor_thumb_p_xchangeWe offer calibrated pressure sensors in the following ranges, measured in dbar. NB: Dbar and metres are roughly similar. For an explanation of the relationship between calibrated pressure range and absolute accuracy, please see the article on this topic.
Our bathyMetrec•X includes a Paroscientific Digiquartz® sensor, with an accuracy of 0.01%FS. This is also available as an option for the Plus•X and the Metrec•X. Please contact our sales department for further information.
What is the Difference Between Precision and Accuracy?
Many vendors of oceanographic instrumentation refer to accuracy and precision interchangeably. They are not interchangeable. In effect, accuracy refers to how well a sensor performs against a known third party standard. For example, a temperature sensor may be +/- 0.001 C, as compared to a Black Stack themistor module. Precision refers to the repeatability of the readings of a given sensor. A sensor is precise when it repeatedly provides the same reading, regardless of how accurate that reading is.
A good analogy is a dart board. The thrower of darts is accurate when he or she is able to reach the target, the bulls-eye. He or she is precise if, having thrown three darts, all three land in the same location, irrespective of whether or not that location is the bulls-eye.
What is the Difference Between Calibration Range and Survival Depth?
The calibrated range of a pressure sensor is the normal operating range of the sensor where the pressure readings will fall within the sensor's stated accuracy limits. AML Oceanographic allows users to select from amongst 12 different pressure ranges.
Pressure sensors can be over-ranged by 50% without causing damage to the sensor. In such a case, the sample points that lie beyond the calibrated pressure range of the instrument may not fall within the accuracy specifications of the instrument. However, the sensor will not suffer irreparable damage.
Burst pressure is that pressure at which irreparable damage is done to the sensor. In such a case, the instrument will flood and the sensor – and possibly the electronics – must be replaced. Burst pressure is normally 75% more than the stated pressure range on the sensor.
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The Cave: Why is Change so Difficult?
Why is it difficult to change? We often operate in the world with the limited paradigms given to us by family, friends, media and even our government. As practitioners it becomes more important that we start to look beyond the surface and analyze our own behavior. Profiling is a form of stereotyping that may guide our decisions either giving or limiting resources to our clients. This workshop seeks to expose those thought patterns, create pathways to a greater understanding of ourselves and the systems in which we operate.
Topics: Racism, Hidden Bias, Paradigm Shifts, Authentic Learning
LUNCH WILL BE PROVIDED TO ALL ADLER STUDENTS WITH A STUDENT ID
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Practitioner's List for Top Digital Forensic Investigation & Analysis Tools
Dexter Morgan | Last Modified: October 5th, 2017 | Updates
Top 10 Cyber Forensics Investigative & Analysis Tools for Experts
The art of Cyber forensic investigation is quite complex and requires rigorous precision in following every investigative step from Acquisition to Analysis & Reporting. Experts now face the need for dependable tools that help them to do so, from the beginning. Every investigation requires usage of multiple tools, dependence on a sole tool causes the investigation to lose its flexibility and makes it prone towards ambiguity. So, in this article, we have explained the top digital forensic tools using which the investigators can get best results.
When an Investigator raids a crime scene, he is greeted with multitudes of evidence from a computer to a simple mobile. So the examiner requires multiple tools that could help perform hard drive, volatile memory, and network & email forensics.
List of Top Digital Forensic Tools by the Practitioners :
Developed by a German company, the software is based on the concept of Win-Hex which was itself a versatile hex editor, disk editor, ram editor, data recovery and a computer forensics application. The software allows you to image or clone a suspect device forensically. It helps you to read file systems such as FAT, NTFS, EXT, HSE, etc., inside the forensically acquired images. Another reason due to which it is added to the list of best cyber forensic tools is that it allows you to take volatile memory dumps and perform analysis on the same without tampering the memory dump.
The software is generally preferred over other tools under the same domain due to its superior and fast digital imaging and processing strength. The advanced filtering and reporting mechanism also makes it the most dependable forensic investigation utility.
SANS Investigative forensics Toolkit; based on UBUNTU environment is an all in one package, which utilizes the concept of VMware Computer forensics. It comes pre-configured with all the related tools that need to be deployed in an investigation such as; network tools, memory forensics, etc. It supports forensic image formats such as RAW DD, Expert Witness File format E01 and Advanced Forensic Format (AFF).
The key feature of the software is that it supports multiple OS such as Windows, Mac & Solaris due to which it secured its position in top computer forensics analysis tools. It is incorporated with other free tools such as volatility, autopsy, sleuth kit, etc.
MailXaminer is the Flagship product developed by SysTools Software, which is an efficient email forensic examination tool. The software runs on Windows platform and supports Web-based, Desktop Based and Cloud-Based Emails. It provisions an investigator to maintain a case repository, scan email evidence and search within them by using search options such as Advanced Search, Fuzzy, Wildcard, Predefined, Regular Expression, Stem Search and much more. MailXaminer also features an important email forensic feature utilization i.e. Skin tone analysis (detecting obscene Images, especially used in CP) in the suspect emails.
MailXaminer - Email Forensic Analysis, Extraction & Reporting Tool
MailXaminer – Email Forensic Analysis, Extraction & Reporting Tool
The software provides multiple review platforms including SaaS-based review platform, Team Collaboration and reviewing evidence via email or shared location. It also features reporting probative evidence by exporting the emails into formats such as concordance, PDF, CSV, etc. All these features included makes this software the top digital forensic tool.
 4.Encase Computer Forensics
EnCase comes under the computer forensics analysis tools developed by Guidance Software. The software is mainly used for digital forensic machine acquisition, imaging, analysis and reporting of the evidence. It generally covers forensic solutions for hard disk, removable media, Smart Phones, Tablets, etc.encase-forensics
The software incorporates a scripting facility EnScript, with various APIs to interact with the evidence. It also features a simple review process to share the artifacts and findings with the investigators. It also gets integrated using its modules to forensics acquisition products such as Tableau. Decryption suites, Image emulators, etc. are all incorporated within the tool. The Toolkit features Registry viewers, Forensic toolkit, Password recovery toolkit and FTK Imager.
Volatility stands amongst the dedicated tools developed for memory forensics, it helps you take volatile memory dumps, analyze the digital artifacts from them. It enumerates process lists, network connections, open ports, cached hives, open process, etc. It supports ram dumps from Windows 7, 8 and also from all the major 32 and 64-bit versions.
Volatility-Memory Forensics Tool
The software also helps to analyze hibernation file (hyberfile.sys), virtual machine snapshot, crash dumps etc. Plugins such as Psscan, DllList, Kpcrscan, etc. helps to correctly identify system profiles, analyze malware, rootkits present in the system memory and much more because of which it secures its place in top digital forensic tools.
6.FTK Imager
FTK Imager comes under the Access Data Forensic Toolkit, specially developed for digital forensic imaging, mounting, and analysis. It runs without installation and creates an image using the common formats such as raw (dd), SMART or E01 file format.
Besides GUI interface, it also provides a command line version for operating the tool. Features such as adding evidence items, mounting acquired images using read/write blocked mode extends user's capability to perform investigation without tampering the evidence. It also serves as a HEX viewer/interpreter.
7.Bulk Extractor
Bulk Extractor generally serves the need to scan a forensically acquired disk image and extract viable information from the same. It does not parse the file system or structures as such, but the results obtained from the tool can be easily parsed, processed with automated tools. The software is generally known for its speed and meticulousness towards the details.
Bulk Extractor maintains an output directory that stores the data accordingly and maintains a histogram of the features that appear frequently. The software can be used as a command line tool or a GUI tool.
8.Oxygen Forensics
Oxygen forensic software is specially developed to perform a logical analysis of mobile devices, cell phones, PDA(s), etc. The suite helps to extract crucial information out of the mobile device such as messages, call logs, events, calendar data, event logs and much more. The suite features timeline analysis, social interaction map, detects user passwords and decrypts them respectively.
The tool provides support for common mobile devices such as Android, iPhone, BlackBerry, Sony, etc. And allows physical acquisition of the device to discover artifacts inaccessible to detect through logical acquisition. Oxygen forensics also has many miscellaneous utility features such as tracking device owner's movements, analyze application data and helps to report the findings respectively.
Xplico is an Open source network cyber forensics analysis tool which functions by reconstructing the data accumulated using Packet Sniffers. The software identifies POP, SMTP, IMAP, HTTP, VoIP, MSN, IRC etc. protocols. One of the best features of Xplicio is that it is able to reconstruct data from large-scale PCAP data.
The software gets incorporated by default in the digital forensics and penetration testing environments such as backtrack, deft, Cert (Linux forensics), etc. It outputs data and information in a SQL Lite database or MySQL database, also the software utilizes Port independent Protocol Identification for each application protocol.
10.Mandiant Red line
The host investigative tool helps to analyze and report the presence of malicious activity using memory and file analysis. It also helps to develop a threat assessment profile by auditing the running process, network information, user activity, tasks, web history etc.
The software assesses process and activities using Malware Risk Index score and helps to sort out the processes worth investigating. Features such as Time Crunch and Time Wrinkle help to filter the results on the basis of timeline analysis and assess the malware activity. All these features are the reason, this computer forensics analysis tool secures its place in the list of top digital forensic tools.
Cyber Crime Investigator, legal practitioner or researchers require a bundle of tools that might be resourceful in an unanticipated situation. The above-mentioned tools are handpicked and are considered as the best & trusted by the practitioners and they do deserve a special place in your Complete Forensic Toolbox. There is a healthy debate regarding few norms that need to be maintained in the mobile forensics and network forensics as these are ever-widening fields, and practically new to everyone.
The key to succeed in speedy investigations is to have handy tools like the Top digital forensic tools mentioned above, step by step analysis of suspected arena, proper documentation, and analysis of artifacts will ensure an erroneous free investigation. Tools, however, help you discover digital artifacts and truths circumscribing the crime scenario but only proper utilization of these best cyber forensics tools can lead you towards probative evidence.


Persuasion vs. Proclamation
Picture of a TrainIn his posthumously published collection of lectures, Theology of Mission, John Howard Yoder introduces an interesting analogy to differentiate between communication that is truly evangelical, as opposed to that which is simply manipulative. The former, which he describes as proclamation, begins from a theological starting point. The latter, which he describes as persuasion, starts from an anthropological starting point. Yoder introduces the analogy of a train compared to a taxi in an attempt to introduce the difference between these two modes of speech. As someone raised on the music of Johnny Cash, I'm probably partial to the suggestion that "the kingdom is more like a train," but I'll leave it to you to draw your own conclusions. Here's the quote:
"The figure of speech that I use to illustrate this is the difference between the train and the taxi. The taxi will not go somewhere unless a person wants to go and pays for it. The taxi is on the client's schedule. If the taxi driver contributes at all to the decision about whether to go, it is by inviting the passenger to make the trip and saying that the rider would be happy when they get there or that the driver will get them there more cheaply, safely or quickly than somebody else. The individual's decision, however, is what determines whether the trip will be made and what the destination is, even whether the taxi will run. By contrast, when a train leaves depends on the schedule, not on any passenger's choice. Where the train will go depends on a combination of the schedule and the tracks. There is objectivity and reliability, a fitting into a plan that does not depend on any given passenger. Whether somebody gets on the train is completely his or her decision. But if somebody does not get on, they do not go anywhere. Moreover, what constitutes the destination does not depend on them at all.
Think of that difference as it relates to evangelism. Modern Western evangelism says, 'Won't you please get on so I can have a fare? Because I have to make my living running this taxi.' Kingdom of God proclamation says, 'This train is bound for glory. Get on or get left.' The objectivity, the fact that the train is going to leave without us if we do not get on, the fact that the kingdom is coming whether we want it or not, is the way of the kingdom whether we like it or not. As it happens, we will find that it is a good trip. But whether the conductor gets paid does not depend on whether we get on. The train is simply going. The kingdom is not a taxi. The kingdom is more like a train." – John Howard Yoder, Theology of Mission: A Believers Church Perspective, ed. Gayle Gerber Koontz and Andy Alexis-Baker (Downers Grove: IVP Academic, 2014), 109-110.
3 thoughts on "Persuasion vs. Proclamation"
 1. Yes, a good analogy, and I like the train idea. But, people do still need persuasion to get on the train. As the Apostle Paul said, we want to try anything we can (within reason of course) to persuade them.
 1. Hi Cathie,
 Yoder is using the word "persuasion" in a rather idiosyncratic way that is perhaps somewhat different then the way it is commonly used in conversation today. In the paragraph immediately preceding the taxi-train analogy, Yoder writes, "Persuasion, in contrast to proclamation, seeks to bring someone to an affirmation, and the focus is more on whether he or she has really accepted what God has done than on the fact that God did something."
 There are (at least) two dangers emerging from this turn-to-the-subject that Yoder is interested in guarding against. One is that the objectivity of what God has done in the Gospel ends up getting swallowed up by the needs of the listener with the result that what is left is a very truncated Gospel or no Gospel at all.
 The other concern for Yoder is that this turn to the listening subject can open the doors to presentations of the Gospel that seek to coerce people into making a decision for faith through manipulative means. The means and the end must line up for Yoder. A presentation of the Gospel that manipulates or coerces people, and hence fails to honour their humanity, is no longer the Gospel.
 That being said, Yoder is very interested in people responding to the Gospel. He does stand in the believers church tradition. Related to this, he insists on the fundamental "translatability" of the Gospel. Not only is the translation of the Gospel into the language of other cultures (even 21st century Canadian culture) possible, it is necessary according to the church's missional mandate. However, Yoder warns that in translating the Gospel into new languages the church must be ever on guard that the Gospel does not become captive to those language and worldviews. This is a perennial challenge for the church.
 1. Thanks for your answer, I just noticed it… I must have forgot to sign up for the email. I agree with all that! 🙂
Leave a Reply


Roman Republic, Semuncia
This Roman semuncia shows the head of Bellona, the goddess of war, on the obverse. The reverse depicts the typical motif on Roman bronze coins, the prora, a prow.
When the coin was issued, Rome was just waging the Second Punic War (218-201 BC) against the Carthaginians, whom the Romans also called Punici. The two parties had already fought a long and bloody war some decades earlier, the First Punic War (264-241 BC). It would take yet another war, the Third Punic War (149-146 BC), to settle the power balance in the Mediterranean once and for all. The Roman Republic would remain victorious, the Carthaginian state would perish.
Signet Sunflower Foundation


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The phenomenon of throwing up blood after drinking can often be seen after a night of heavy alcohol consumption or sudden increased alcohol intake by someone who is not habitual to alcohol consumption. Throwing up blood after drinking alcohol is quite an alarming occurrence for the person who experiences it. Most of the time, especially in case of first-time-drinkers, it drives in the much-needed aversion towards heavy drinking in people who have experienced puking blood after a night of excessive alcoholic indulgence. Blood in vomit should act as a warning sign for those who consume too much alcohol or are bordering on alcoholism. Ask anyone who has vomited blood after drinking and he'll tell you that it was an extremely unpleasant experience - both physiologically as well as psychologically. How does alcohol cause blood to be present in the vomit? Let's find out.
Causes of Vomiting Blood Post Drinking
Let us take a look at the most common reasons that lead to gastrointestinal bleeding:-
- Experiencing excessive vomiting for a prolonged period leads to tearing of minor blood vessels located in the throat or esophagus
- Bleeding of any ulcer present in either stomach, esophagus or duodenum
- Malformation of blood vessels in the gastrointestinal tract
- Bleeding of stomach or esophageal tumors
- Blood ingested from a nosebleed
- Gastritis or esophagitis
Most alcohols have an acidic pH value. I say "most" because the hydroxyl content in ethanol (pure alcohol) is slightly basic. However, the base property is so slight that it has an almost neutral PH, similar to water. Beer, wine and all distilled alcohols are moderately acidic owing to the fermentation process which they undergo. Since acids are corrosive, excess consumption of alcohol irritates the gastrointestinal tract, which is composed of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach and small intestine. Such irritation for a prolonged time often results in erosion of the esophageal lining, rupture of the blood vessels along the gastrointestinal tract, bleeding ulcers along the tract, etc.
It must be noted here that the most common occurrence of regurgitation of blood happens due to irritation or bleeding in the upper portion of the gastrointestinal tract. Chronic drinkers often suffer from acid indigestion and acid reflux disease, leading to gastritis, stomach ulcers or corrosion of the stomach lining. This can also lead to bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract. Throwing up after excess alcohol consumption can also be one of the earlier signs of possible alcohol poisoning, necessitating you to seek an alcohol detox program if you've been drinking for a long time.
The chief reason for the presence of blood in vomit is bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract. Excessive consumption of alcohol, whether over a long period or in a short time (binge-drinking spree) puts stress on the gastrointestinal tract, often irritating it and corroding its protective lining owing to the high acid content of alcohol. Short-time binging, which induces vigorous and repeated vomiting, may manifest as vomiting blood after drinking alcohol by tearing the tissues and small blood vessels of the throat and esophagus.
Long-time or chronic alcohol abuse leads to the presence of blood in vomit due to other serious conditions like ulcer, chronic acidity, gastroenteritis, etc. due to long-term and regular exposure of the gastrointestinal tract to alcohol. For such cases, it is wise to seek treatment and go for rehab to get rid of alcohol addiction and start afresh on the lines of health, vitality and happiness.


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Med Anthropol. 2014;33(2):109-27
This article focuses on adoption medicine as a subject of scientific knowledge that increasingly defines the parameters of adoptability in the world of international adoption. While this biomedical discourse alludes to the health of adoptee bodies, it also constitutes ethico-moral practices that produce new justificatory regimes of adoption in particular and humanitarianism in general. Drawing on discourse analysis of scientific texts in adoption medicine on the one hand, and interviews and ethnographic data from a Dutch adoption agency on the other, I demonstrate the emergence of a new moral economy facilitating the legitimacy of international adoption. I argue that this moral economy retools the humanitarian justification of international adoption by privileging the politics of "life itself." This paradigmatic shift constructs new categories of adoptee bodies, rearranges orders of worth, and makes visible biopolitical techniques of morality in present-day humanitarian discourse.


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What are the 3200 in feet? How tall is 3200 km to feet? In this article, you will learn how to convert 3200 km in feet using simple calculations.
Here we will let you know how to use our free online and handy calculator to convert the km to feet using different conversion methods. Use our page to convert the centimeter into feet.
feet are the measuring units to measure the length or height of an object or a person. The km to feet converter uses the correct formula to get accurate results every time. If you want to convert 3200 km to feet
A 3200 km to feet is a unit used to measure the length in the international system of units.
It is a non-SI unit of length. The definition offeet was also defined as equivalent. If we have the measurements in km then we can convert them intofeet to illustrate the height. It is used to measure the height of a building, tower, or person.
Converting 3200 km equals tofeet is easy by simply using the calculator or applying the formula to change the length 3200 km.
For every decimal number, it has 3200 as the denominator. So to convert 3200 km in feet as a fraction. The numerator is 3200 km in feet as a decimal and 3200 as the denominator and then begins the simplification. The below is the answer to 3200 km in feet as a fraction in its easiest form:
You need to use this resource for converting measurements because the converter is completely online. You don't require space on your computer or mobile device for installing any application. This converter can be used for multiple unit conversions. The converter will be constantly updated so that you can use it whenever you need it.
This is detailed information about 3200 km to feet. If you want more information on km, see our km to feet page that can be found in the title menu. Here you can convert 3200 km to feet.
We will describe briefly the possibilities of converting 3200 km with our calculator. Our conversion Table mentioned earlier will explain how the converter works and you can have all these calculations in one approach by downloading and installing software. It will be easy and effortless when you follow the instructions properly.


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SciTech ConnectSciTech Connect
Title: Chiral dynamics and peripheral transverse densities
In the partonic (or light-front) description of relativistic systems the electromagnetic form factors are expressed in terms of frame-independent charge and magnetization densities in transverse space. This formulation allows one to identify the chiral components of nucleon structure as the peripheral densities at transverse distances b = O(M{sub {pi}}{sup -1}) and compute them in a parametrically controlled manner. A dispersion relation connects the large-distance behavior of the transverse charge and magnetization densities to the spectral functions of the Dirac and Pauli form factors near the two--pion threshold at timelike t = 4 M{ sub {pi}}{sup 2}, which can be computed in relativistic chiral effective field theory. Using the leading-order approximation we (a) derive the asymptotic behavior (Yukawa tail) of the isovector transverse densities in the "chiral" region b = O(M{sub {pi}}{sup -1}) and the "molecular" region b = O(M{sub N}{sup 2}/M{sub {pi}}{sup 3}); (b) perform the heavy-baryon expansion of the transverse densities; (c) explain the relative magnitude of the peripheral charge and magnetization densities in a simple mechanical picture; (d) include Delta isobar intermediate states and study the peripheral transverse densities in the large-N{ sub c} limit of QCD; (e) quantify the region of transverse distances where the chiral components more » of the densities are numerically dominant; (f) calculate the chiral divergences of the b{sup 2}-weighted moments of the isovector transverse densities (charge and anomalous magnetic radii) in the limit M{sub {pi}} -> 0 and determine their spatial support. Our approach provides a concise formulation of the spatial structure of the nucleon's chiral component and offers new insights into basic properties of the chiral expansion. It relates the information extracted from low-t elastic form factors to the generalized parton distributions probed in peripheral high-energy scattering processes. « less
 [1] ; [2]
 1. Uppsala University (Sweden)
 2. JLAB, Newport News, VA (United States)
Publication Date:
OSTI Identifier:
Report Number(s):
JLAB-THY--13-1763; DOE/OR--23177-2641
Journal ID: ISSN _PHONE_; TRN: US1400167
DOE Contract Number:
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Resource Relation:
Journal Name: Journal of High Energy Physics (Online); Journal Volume: 1401
Springer Berlin
Research Org:
Sponsoring Org:
USDOE Office of Science (SC) (United States)
Country of Publication:
United States
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS Elastic form factors, dispersion relations, chiral effective field theory, 1/Nc expansion, transverse charge and magnetization densities, generalized parton distributions, light–front quantization


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Definition of selection. Meaning of selection. Synonyms of selection
Here you will find one or more explanations in English for the word selection. Also in the bottom left of the page several parts of wikipedia pages related to the word selection and, of course, selection synonyms and on the right images related to the word selection.
Definition of selection
No result for selection. Showing similar results...
Natural selection 10. (Mus.)
(a) Produced by natural organs, as those of the human
throat, in distinction from instrumental music.
(b) Of or pertaining to a key which has neither a flat
nor a sharp for its signature, as the key of C major.
(c) Applied to an air or modulation of harmony which
moves by easy and smooth transitions, digressing but
little from the original key. --Moore (Encyc. of
Natural day, the space of twenty-four hours. --Chaucer.
Natural fats, Natural gas, etc. See under Fat, Gas.
Natural Harmony (Mus.), the harmony of the triad or common
Natural history, in its broadest sense, a history or
description of nature as a whole, incuding the sciences of
botany, zo["o]logy, geology, mineralogy,
paleontology, chemistry, and physics. In recent
usage the term is often restricted to the sciences of
botany and zo["o]logy collectively, and sometimes to the
science of zoology alone.
Natural law, that instinctive sense of justice and of right
and wrong, which is native in mankind, as distinguished
from specifically revealed divine law, and formulated
Natural modulation (Mus.), transition from one key to its
Natural order. (Nat. Hist.) See under order.
Natural person. (Law) See under person, n.
Natural philosophy, originally, the study of nature in
general; in modern usage, that branch of physical science,
commonly called physics, which treats of the phenomena
and laws of matter and considers those effects only which
are unaccompanied by any change of a chemical nature; --
contrasted with mental and moral philosophy.
Natural scale (Mus.), a scale which is written without
flats or sharps. Model would be a preferable term, as less
likely to mislead, the so-called artificial scales (scales
represented by the use of flats and sharps) being equally
natural with the so-called natural scale
Natural science, natural history, in its broadest sense; --
used especially in contradistinction to mental or moral
Natural selection (Biol.), a supposed operation of natural
laws analogous, in its operation and results, to designed
selection in breeding plants and animals, and resulting in
the survival of the fittest. The theory of natural
selection supposes that this has been brought about mainly
by gradual changes of environment which have led to
corresponding changes of structure, and that those forms
which have become so modified as to be best adapted to the
changed environment have tended to survive and leave
similarly adapted descendants, while those less perfectly
adapted have tended to die out though lack of fitness for
the environment, thus resulting in the survival of the
fittest. See Darwinism.
Natural system (Bot. & Zo["o]l.), a classification based
upon real affinities, as shown in the structure of all
parts of the organisms, and by their embryology.
It should be borne in mind that the natural system
of botany is natural only in the constitution of its
genera, tribes, orders, etc., and in its grand
Natural theology, or Natural religion, that part of
theological science which treats of those evidences of the
existence and attributes of the Supreme Being which are
exhibited in nature; -- distinguished from revealed
religion. See Quotation under Natural, a., 3.
Natural vowel, the vowel sound heard in urn, furl, sir,
her, etc.; -- so called as being uttered in the easiest
open position of the mouth organs. See Neutral vowel,
under Neutral and Guide to Pronunciation, [sect] 17.
Syn: See Native. Sexual selectionSexual Sex"u*al, a. [L. sexualis, fr. sexus sex: cf. F.
Of or pertaining to sex, or the sexes; distinguishing sex;
peculiar to the distinction and office of male or female;
relating to the distinctive genital organs of the sexes;
proceeding from, or based upon, sex; as, sexual
characteristics; sexual intercourse, connection, or commerce;
sexual desire; sexual diseases; sexual generation.
Sexual dimorphism (Biol.), the condition of having one of
the sexes existing in two forms, or varieties, differing
in color, size, etc., as in many species of butterflies
which have two kinds of females.
Sexual method (Bot.), a method of classification proposed
by Linn[ae]us, founded mainly on difference in number and
position of the stamens and pistils of plants.
Sexual selection (Biol.), the selective preference of one
sex for certain characteristics in the other, such as
bright colors, musical notes, etc.; also, the selection
which results from certain individuals of one sex having
more opportunities of pairing with the other sex, on
account of greater activity, strength, courage, etc.;
applied likewise to that kind of evolution which results
from such sexual preferences. --Darwin.
In these cases, therefore, natural selection seems
to have acted independently of sexual selection.
Meaning of selection from wikipedia
- in the context
, certain traits
s of genes segregating within
may be subject
- natural selection
is the gradual, non-random process
by which biological traits become either
more or less common
in a population
- selective breeding
(also called artificial
selection) is the process
by which humans breed other animals
for particular traits
bias is a statistical
bias in which there
is an error
to take part in a scientific study
- jury selection
are many methods
used to choose
who will serve
on a trial
jury. the jury pool, also known
as the venire, is
- a selective school
is a school
that admits students
on the basis
of some sort of selection
academic. the term may have
- selection referred
to 'free selection before
survey' of crown
land in some australia
n colonies under
land legislation introduced
- in population genetics
, directional selection
is a mode of natural selection
a single phenotype
is favored, causing
- the gene-centered view of evolution, gene selection
theory, or selfish
gene theory holds
that adaptive evolution occurs through
and selection: suitability
for a job is typically assessed
for relevant skill


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This question already has an answer here:
I find each time I read a line, the end of of line character is included as well (showing as '$' in vi set list command) and am wondering how to automatically remove it when reading from a file?
From the print output, you can see end of line is output each time so that it seems two lines are printed each time.
Here is the code and input file, with output,
import sys fileInput = open(sys.argv, 'r') for line in fileInput: print line python TestLineParse.py TestInput.txt.csv 216 218 219 248 head TestInput.txt.csv 216 218 219 248


Piscivorous Birds
Piscivorous Birds
Piscivorous birds are birds that eat fish (pisces = fish, vorous = eating). These avian predators have an affect on the survival of juvenile salmon and steelhead that are migrating downstream past our dams. Avian predators found along our reservoirs include mergansers, double-crested cormorants, great blue herons, gulls, terns, loons, and grebes.
Chelan PUD conducts surveys along reservoirs to determine distribution and abundance of avian predators. These surveys help Chelan PUD manage bird habitat and behaviors in order to reduce predation on juvenile salmonids passing through our reservoirs and to minimize impacts on the birds.
Avian Predator Management
Piling caps have been installed on dock pilings at PUD-owned parks along Rocky Reach and Rock Island reservoirs. The piling caps prevent gulls and other birds from perching and using the pilings to prey on fish. Elimination of perch sites on pilings also forces gulls to use other areas at parks where they are more exposed to disturbances, making this portion of the river less attractive to gulls.
Grids of bird wires are installed over the tailraces (immediately downstream) of both Rock Island and Rocky Reach dams. The wires greatly discourage gulls and terns from flying in the tailrace of the dams to prey on fish. The wires force birds to utilize downstream areas for foraging. Fish are less susceptible to being preyed upon by birds in downstream areas were the river is calmer and the fish are able to swim at greater depths.
Hazing of the birds by using pyrotechnics (noise makers) such as propane cannons, bird screamers, and bangers also helps to keep piscivorous birds away from the tailraces of the dams where juvenile salmonids are most vulnerable to predation.
Piling caps remove perches for avian predators, reducing man-made advantages to preying upon smolt. Piling caps prevent birds from perching and using pilings to prey on salmon.


holidays, etc.). Moreover, damages are frequently awarded without reference to any special test in cases of physical inconvenience caused by defective construction, landlord failure to repair, and surveyor negligence, as well as services cases such as those of defective holidays.
Quantifying loss
Generally, there are no rigid rules for the quantification of damages for breach of contract. In the end the assessment of damages is a question of fact. However, there are various principles which delimit the damages that will be awarded. The quantification of damages in litigation is often complicated and requires specialist advice from forensic accountants.
Burden of proof
It is for the claimant to prove its loss. Where the claimant's proof of loss has been made more difficult by the defendant's wrong, there is authority for a rebuttable presumption in favour of the claimant that gives it the benefit of any relevant doubt (see Browning v Brachers [2005] EWCA Civ 753).
Factual causation
At the heart of the damages measure, which seeks to put the claimant in the position it would have been in but for the breach, is the question of factual causation, also known as the "but for" test. In other words, it is necessary to prove both the position the claimant is actually in post-breach, and the hypothetical position the claimant would have been in 'but for' the breach, and to compare the two. That is the measure of loss for breach of contract. A claimant cannot, therefore, look to recover losses that it would have sustained in any event (see Tiuta International Ltd (in liquidation) v De Villiers Surveyors Ltd [2017] UKSC 77).
Restrictions on recovery of damages
Not all losses that in fact flow from a breach of contract are recoverable. Just because a loss was in fact caused by the breach (that is, would not have occurred but for the breach) does not mean that the law holds the defendant responsible for it. The rules on mitigation, legal causation, remoteness and contributory negligence may restrict, and in some cases prevent, a damages award.
Damages for breach of contract: Legal causation
The first major principle at play here is that of legal causation. This principle (which is materially the same in contract and tort) holds that, even though some losses were factually caused by the breach (that is, but for the breach they would not have occurred), they are nevertheless treated legally as not having been caused by the breach. The essence of the rather fluid principle of legal causation is that it is not fair to hold the defendant responsible for these particular consequences of its breach. The courts adopt a common sense approach to what intervening acts or events "break the chain of causation" between the breach and the harm. As Lord Bingham explained in Corr v IBC Vehicles Ltd [2008] UKHL 13:
"The rationale of the principle that a novus actus interveniens [Latin for new intervening act] breaks the chain of causation is fairness. It is not fair to hold a [defendant] liable, however gross his breach of duty may be, for damage caused to the claimant not by the [defendant]'s breach of duty but by some independent, supervening cause for which the [defendant] is not responsible."
Although separate from the principle of remoteness, the foreseeability of an intervening act or event, and whether it was something that the defendant's duty aimed to protect against, will both be factors that point against a finding that the chain of causation was broken.
Damages for breach of contract: Mitigation
The essence of the principle is that if the claimant unreasonably fails to act to mitigate (avoid or reduce) its loss, or unreasonably acts so as to increase its loss, the law treats those actions as having broken the chain of causation and measures damages as if the claimant had instead acted reasonably. The claimant is said to have a "duty to mitigate" (although this is not a duty enforceable by anyone, rather it is a recognition that if the claimant fails to do so its damages recovery will be affected by that failure). (BPE Solicitors v Hughes-Holland [2017] UKSC 21).
The clearest application of this principle is in the sale of goods context. Thus where a defendant seller fails to deliver goods for which a market substitute is available, the claimant cannot simply claim against the defendant all the losses which result (for example, its lost profit on a sub-sale, or lost profit from the use to which it would have put the goods). This is the case even if it does suffer those losses, because the claimant should have acted reasonably to mitigate its losses by purchasing a replacement on the market.
Remoteness of damage
Remoteness of damage refers to a further important principle by which the law determines which consequences caused (in a factual/but for sense) by the defendant's breach are within the scope of the defendant's responsibility and should be brought into account. The traditional test of remoteness, which is in essence a test of foreseeability, is set out in Hadley v Baxendale [1854] EWHC Exch J70.
This test operates as follows:
 - A loss will only be recoverable if it was "in the contemplation of the parties", that is, foreseeable.
 - The loss must be foreseeable not merely as being possible, but as being "not unlikely", which is a more demanding test than in tort (Koufos v C Czarnikow Ltd (The Heron II) [1967] UKHL 4).
 - The loss must be foreseeable at the date of contracting, not the date of breach (Hadley v Baxendale, Jackson and another v Royal Bank of Scotland [2005] UKHL 3, Lord Hope at para 36).
 - It is not the precise circumstances that occur that must be foreseeable, but the type or kind of loss (H Parsons (Livestock) Ltd v Uttley Ingham & Co Ltd [1977] EWCA Civ 13).
 - The knowledge that is taken into account when assessing what is in the contemplation of the parties comes under two limbs: First, is the knowledge of what happens "in the ordinary course of things", which is imputed to the parties whether or not they knew it. Second, there is actual knowledge of special circumstances outside the ordinary course of things and that was communicated to the defendant or otherwise known by the parties.
Contributory negligence (but only in cases of breach of duty of care)
A defendant may seek to argue that the loss suffered by the claimant is partly due to the fault of the claimant. The Law Reform (Contributory Negligence) Act 1945 provides for apportionment of loss where a claimant has suffered loss "as the result partly of his own fault and partly of the fault of any other person" (section 1). "Fault" is defined as "negligence or other act or omission that gives rise to liability in tort or would, apart from this Act, give rise to the defence of contributory negligence" (section 4).
Here to help
Bringing or defending a breach of contract claim can be stressful, time consuming and complex. Unless it is a low value claim it is worth getting solicitors involved as early as possible. If you have any questions about damages for breach of contract or about contract law more generally or if you need help with resolving a dispute please contact Neil Williamson.
best endeavours
Best Endeavours And Other Endeavours Clauses
Best endeavours, reasonable endeavours, all reasonable endeavours - how are these terms used in a legal sense and what do they mean?
Contractual obligations are normally absolute and failure to satisfy an obligation will be a breach of contract. Endeavours clauses are therefore used when a party is only prepared to "try" to fulfil an obligation, rather than commit to it absolutely. For example, in the case v Blackpool Airport the clauses under scrutiny created an obligation for Blackpool Airport to use its "best endeavours to promote's low cost services" and "all reasonable endeavours to provide a cost base that will facilitate's low cost pricing". We refer to this case in more detail below.
Best, reasonable or all reasonable endeavours
It is clear from cases such as Rhodia International Holdings Ltd v Huntsman International LLC [2007] EWHC 292 that there is a spectrum of endeavours clauses, with "best endeavours" being more stringent than "reasonable endeavours". Despite the fact they are widely used, there is some uncertainty as to what efforts each different endeavours clause requires in practice.
Best endeavours
The term best endeavours has received the greatest amount of consideration by the courts and the starting point is that the phrase "means what the words say; they do not mean second-best endeavours" (Sheffield District Railway Co v Great Central Railway Co [1911] 27 TLR 451).
This has been further refined by the Court of Appeal to require the obligor "to take all those steps in their power which are capable of producing the desired results … being steps which a prudent, determined and reasonable obligee, acting in his own interests and desiring to achieve that result, would take" (IBM United Kingdom Ltd v Rockware Glass Ltd [1980] FSR 335). In other words, the obligor must


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Lemon balm should be planted in the spring; it will produce a wonderful smell and many herbal remedies. To learn more about lemon balm, click here.
VARIETIES: Common lemon balm varieties include, Aurea and All Gold.
Soil preparation: Lemon balm requires well-drained, moist and rich soils. Additional fertilizer added in the spring is also beneficial. For more information on soil preparation, click here.
Planting: Lemon balm can be grown from seeds or transplants.
· Plant seeds in early spring.
· Transplants should be propagated and planted in August or September.
· Plants should be spaced 18 to 24 inches apart.
Irrigation: Plants grow best when it is not water stressed. Keep the soil moist, but not wet. Drip or overhead irrigation is the best method for watering. For more information on irrigation, click here.
Fertilization: Apply general all-purpose fertilizer in the spring and after harvest to encourage new growth. For more information on fertilization, click here.
Harvesting: Harvest before the plant starts to bloom. Harvest one-third of the foliage at monthly intervals. Use fresh or dry and store for later use.
COMMON PESTS AND DISEASES: Overall lemon balm is not bothered by insects or diseases. Root rot can occur if plants are being over watered. For more information on pests and diseases, click here.


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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
- The Accuracy of National Body Fat Cutoff Levels in the Prediction of Elevated Blood Pressure among Brazilian Male Adolescents
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL)
- Objective: To assess viability of the development of percentage body fat cutoffs based on blood pressure values in Brazilian adolescents.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 358 male subjects from 8 to 18 years old. Blood pressure was measured by the oscilometric method, and body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).Results: For the identification of elevated blood pressure, these nationally developed body fat cutoffs presented relative accuracy. The cutoffs were significantly associated with elevated blood pressure [odds ratio = 5.91 (95% confidence interval: 3.54-9.86)].Conclusions: Development of national body fat cutoffs is viable, because presence of high accuracy is an indication of elevated blood pressure.
- Journal of Tropical Pediatrics. Oxford: Oxford Univ Press, v. 56, n. 3, p. 208-209, 2010.
- Oxford University Press
- receiver operating characteristic curve
- dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry
- body fat percentage
- Acesso restrito
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The Alouette River flows from Alouette Lake to its junction with the
Fraser River at Pitt Meadows. Typical of many Lower Fraser tributaries,
it drains a mountain watershed in the Coast Mountains, especially
important for its timber and fish values. The hydro power potential of the
river and its proximity to major urban populations was recognized early
in the province's history, leading to constuction
of BC Hydro's Alouette Dam
The river has a significant place in the cultural heritage of the area.
The Katzie First Nation have historically depended on the salmon of the
river and have maintained spiritual, cultural and economic ties to the
river. The valley was part of a travel corridor for First Nations people
between the Lower Fraser River area and the Lillooet area.
In the late 1800's, the economic activities of newcomers along the
river began to change the face of the valley. Farming and logging came to
the area and sawmills were developed in conjunction with the upstream logging
activity, since the river was used to float logs downstream to New Westminster.
The headquarters of the Abernethy and Lougheed Logging Company was located
on the river in the 1920's, presently the site of Allco Park. The park
is now home to a fish hatchery and the future site of an Alouette River
The river has been an important recreational focus for residents of the
area throughout the years. Acquired from the Burrard Power Company in
1927, the site of Maple Ridge Park was developed by the municipality
and has been a popular recreation site for generations. Other popular parks
such as Davidson's
Pool and Horseman's Park are also located along the river.
The Alouette has become a model of successful urban river stewardship.
Volunteer community groups have done tremendous work to restore fish
habitat along the river and educate the public about river conservation.
Also, BC Hydro has
recently helped to improve fish stocks in the Alouette by voluntarily
increasing the amount of water it releases from the dam during critical
spawning and rearing periods.
Proclaimed B.C. Rivers:


Double derived pattern in DSL
Customizing a DSL needs different expertise based on the amount of customization that you want to apply.
A 'basic' concept that you need to understand is the double derived pattern.
The DSL engine generates classes based on the dsl definition. Those classes are partial class so, like in or winform, you can create your code for the same class in another file separating it from the automatically generated.
Those classes are split in two separate files, but is essentially the same class so you can't replace a method automatically generated.
To address this problem the DSL framework introduce the double derived pattern. For each class (with the "Generates Double Derived" attribute set) the generated code is set on the base class so you are free to override the automatically generated code in the derived class.
If you have a class named ExampleElement (the one automatically generated if you create a new MinimalLanguage project) and you mark it with "Generates Double Derived" you'll get the following class structure
The framework generates an ExampleElementBase class that contains all the generated code, in the derived class (ExampleElement) you are free to override everything (except the constructor see below).
In case of the Sources property you'll write
public partial class ExampleElement
 public override Microsoft.VisualStudio.Modeling.LinkedElementCollection Sources
 return base.Sources;
The case of constructor it's a little bit different....the problem is that DSL tools must generate the constructor for the derived class (if not the framework couldn't instantiate the class). So if you need to override also the constructor you can set the "Has custom constructor".
(Remember to select "Transform all templates" and rebuild!)
In this case a compilation error is generated stating that you have to implement the constructor. Something like
Error 1 "...ExampleElement' does not contain a constructor that takes '0' arguments Tags:
posted @ venerdì 9 maggio 2008 02:40
Comments have been closed on this topic.


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The Research of the Gender Role Stereotypes from Three Generations of Cartoons
The purpose of this study was to analyze "gender role stereotypes" from three generations of cartoons. The researcher applied content analysis to analyze two episodes from twelve different cartoons， totaling twenty four in all. The researcher analyzed "gender characteristics" from three generations of cartoons. The finding of this research revealed that the gender role stereotypes still existed in three generations of cartoons， In spite of this， we still could see the change during these three generations. For example， the "brave characteristic" would not apply only to male cartoon characters， whereas in the third generation the "crying characteristic" was not exclusive to female characters. In addition， cartoon female characters were more multi-dimensional in dealing with their emotions. In the first generation， male cartoon characters actively pursue female characters which they find attractive. During the second generation， along with male characters displaying stereotypical behavior， female characters also began to outwardly express their love towards male characters. Nonetheless， we could still see the existence of gender stereotypes caused by traditional values， such as female characters depicting characteristics of fantasy dreaming， materialistic ideals， and love of discounted products. Male characters also exhibited preference for sports and competition. Overall， cartoons may no longer portray as many gender role stereotypes nowadays. Even so， we still can find some forms of traditional gender role stereotypes existing within the third generation of cartoons.
|關鍵詞||內容分析、幼兒、年代、性別角色刻板印象、電視卡通、content analysis、child、generation、gender role stereotypes、TV cartoons|


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Some quick facts about Tirupati Laddu
- Around 150,000 laddus are made daily.
- One laddu is given free to each devotee; the number of daily devotees that visit the temple is around 50,000.
- A devotee can buy extra two laddus – a small laddu costs 25 rupees and big laddu costs 100 rupees.
- The revenue from the sale of laddu annually is more than 11 million rupees.
- Each laddu weighs around 100gms and is huge when compared with the normal laddu found in shops.
- There is a super huge Tirupati Laddu known as Kalyana Laddu and it weighs around 500gms – ½ a kilogram.
- Single largest laddu made is said to have weighed 32 kg.
- The tradition of Tirupati Laddu is nearly 300 years old.
- It is prepared by special hereditary priests known as archakas in special temple kitchen known as 'potu'.
- Ingredients used in Tirupati Laddu are Besan flour (kadalai mavu), Sugar, Cashew nuts, Cardamom, Ghee, Oil, Sugar candy, Raisins and Almonds.
On a day around 5000 kg of Besan flour is used.
Sugar around 10000 kg.
Cashew nuts around 600 kg.
Cardamom 150 kg
Ghee 300 liters
Sugar candy 400 kg
Raisins 540 kg
- The ingredients are bought at the auction at the Commodities and Spices Exchange in
Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams (TTDs) the administrating body of the temple is planning to patent the Tirupati Laddu to stop counterfeits.


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DI 30001.800 Quality Assurance Unit (QAU) Analysis and Feedback
The QAU provides analysis and feedback that improves quality within the Disability Determination Services (DDS) and should:
collect and analyze data on DDS performance from all available sources;
provide accurate and timely feedback to various levels within DDS; and,
The QAU analysis is based on:
statistical data from QAU sample case reviews, high-risk case reviews, and special studies;
feedback from Social Security Administration (SSA) review components (OQR, RPC, etc.); and,
information from all other relevant sources such as audit findings or independent consultant reports.
2. SSA feedback
The QAU should use the results of SSA case reviews as part of its monitoring of DDS determinations. DDS management should ensure that QAU staff receives all SSA review reports, special studies, and statistical feedback regarding the quality of the DDS product.
3. SSA deficiency returns
The QAU should serve as the DDS focal point for:
review and analysis of individual case deficiency returns from SSA review components; and,
coordination of the DDS's timely action in response to the return.
The QAU should also:
maintain records about returns received from SSA;
use this information along with other data in its analysis; and,
make recommendations based on QAU's analysis.