Wayne Manor
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Wayne Manor
Wayne Manor as it appears in Batman and the Outsiders vol. 2, #13 (Jan. 2009)
Art by Fernando Dagnino
Notable characters Bruce Wayne
Thomas Wayne
Martha Wayne
Alfred Pennyworth
Dick Grayson
Barbara Gordon
Jason Todd
Timothy Drake
Stephanie Brown
Damian Wayne
Publisher DC Comics
Haly's Circus
Publication information
Publisher DC Comics
First appearance Detective Comics
Created by Bob Kane, Bill Finger
In-story information
Type of business Mansion
Base(s) Gotham City
Owner(s) Bruce Wayne
Wayne Manor is a fictional American setting appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics and is the personal residence of Bruce Wayne, who is also Batman. The residence is typically depicted as a large mansion on grounds outside Gotham City, maintained by the Wayne family's butler, Alfred Pennyworth. While the earliest stories showed Bruce Wayne buying the house himself, by the 1950s at the latest, retroactive continuity had established that the manor had belonged to the Wayne family for several generations. It was without exception referred to in the 1960s TV series as "stately Wayne Manor."
In live-action films, English country house locations in Nottinghamshire, Hertfordshire, and Buckinghamshire, as well as Stevenson Taylor Hall in New York, have been used to depict the less urban setting of Wayne Manor.
Access to the Batcave[edit]
The manor grounds include an extensive subterranean cave system that Bruce Wayne discovered as a boy and later used as his base of operations, the Batcave. The method used to access it has varied across the different storylines in the comics, movies, and shows. In the comic books, it is typically accessible from a hidden door in Wayne Manor's study behind a non-functioning grandfather clock, which opens to a descending staircase when the hands on said clock are turned to 10:47, the time Thomas and Martha Wayne were killed.
The grounds also includes a large hill that was partially hollowed out for Batman's aerial vehicles, and there is also an underground river system that is large enough to accommodate docking space for the Batboat and has a large opening for said vehicle.
The Wayne Foundation Penthouse era[edit]
While these grounds are the regular home of Bruce Wayne, he temporarily vacated it in the stories from the late 1960s to the early 1980s, preferring to live in a penthouse apartment on top of the Wayne Foundation building in the city, which also included a secret sub-basement acting as a Batcave.
Wayne came to this decision when Dick Grayson went off to college, which led him to decide that the mansion was now impractical with only one resident and one servant. Furthermore, Wayne decided he wanted to be closer to his main field of operations in Gotham City than a home situated outside the main urban area would allow. However, by the early 1980s, Wayne came to reconsider that purpose and decided being somewhat less accessible to the public was more advantageous for his Batman activities after all and returned to Wayne Manor.
Following the events of Cataclysm[edit]
During the events of Batman: Cataclysm a massive earthquake struck Gotham City, the epicenter of which was less than a mile from Wayne Manor. The mansion was seriously damaged, as was the cave network beneath. The ground beneath the mansion shifted significantly, and actually revealed the Batcave below. The original Manor was damaged beyond repair, forcing Bruce Wayne to redesign the Manor along with the Batcave. The new Manor is a veritable fortress, a pastiche of Gothic architecture combined with features of castellated architecture. Solar panels are installed in the new Manor, providing environmentally-friendly electricity generation for the complex.[1] It also includes a heliport for commercial helicopters.[2]
Batman: The Return of Bruce Wayne[edit]
In Batman: The Return of Bruce Wayne it is revealed that Wayne Manor was designed by Nathan Van Derm for Darius Wayne, forming a stylized "W", although the additional gardens that existed at the time the manor was built add on to this symbol to create the image of a bat.
Batman Eternal/Arkham Manor[edit]
During Batman Eternal, Hush's machinations result in Wayne Enterprises being ruined and Bruce Wayne essentially bankrupt after the villain detonates various weapons caches Batman had concealed around Gotham.[3] As part of this bankruptcy, Wayne Manor is repossessed by the city and turned into the new Arkham Asylum following the destruction of the original,[4] but Bruce decides to accept this new status quo, reasoning that he can at least make sure that his enemies remain contained in the new manor given his intimate knowledge of its entrances and exits.[5]
Other versions[edit]
Vampire Batman[edit]
In Batman & Dracula: Red Rain, Wayne Manor is destroyed as part of a plan to destroy Dracula's vampire family, bombs exposing the interior of the Batcave to sunlight after Batman lured the vampires into the cave. Although the manor collapses into the cavern system after a second series of bombs are set offthus concealing Bruce Wayne's secret - Batman and Alfred relocate to a brownstone in the center of town, Batman residing in a mausoleum in the basement while Alfred prepares his equipment in the main house. Although Alfred and Gordon stake Batman at the conclusion of Batman: Bloodstorm after he succumbs to his vampire instincts and drinks the Joker, he is restored to life after Alfred removes the stake, subsequently relocating to the catacombs underneath the remains of Wayne Manor. The manor's remains are finally destroyed for good when Gordon, Alfred, Two-Face, Killer Croc, and Two-Face's gang plant bombs on the cave roof, exposing the interior to sunlight and ending Batman's reign of terror once and for all.
Kingdom Come[edit]
In Kingdom Come, the Manor was mostly destroyed by Two-Face and Bane after Batman's true identity was exposed; the Batcave, however, remained relatively untouched. By the end of the graphic novel, the Manor has been rebuilt as a hospital/hospice for Gulag battle victims.
Other media depiction[edit]
TV series[edit]
In the 1960s live action series, the exteriors were shot at 380 South San Rafael Avenue in Pasadena, California.[6][7] The interiors were shot at various soundstages. The primary passage to the Batcave from the manor was located in Bruce Wayne's study behind a bookshelf that retracted into the wall. The bookshelf was activated by a switch hidden in a bust of William Shakespeare. The bookshelf would disappear to reveal two labeled firepoles descending to the Batcave. Through an undisclosed mechanism, the poles allowed for Batman and Robin to go from their civilian garb to costume (the film based on the TV show shows a switch which initiates the change, though the process itself was never explained). The interiors and exterior of the Wayne Manor was also used in the original Mission: Impossible TV series episodes "Charity" and "The Visitors." It was used in 2016 for another superhero group as the residence of Hydra leader, Gideon Malick, in Marvel's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. on ABC.
Webb Institute's Stevenson Taylor Hall reprises its earlier film role as Wayne Manor in the pilot for the TV series Gotham.[8]
Live-action films[edit]
Knebworth House was used for the exterior of the 1989 Batman film
Stevenson Taylor Hall, Webb Institute in Glen Cove, New York was used as Wayne Manor in Batman Forever and Batman and Robin.
Mentmore Towers was used for exterior shots in Batman Begins.
Wollaton Hall was used as Wayne Manor in The Dark Knight Rises.
Lambert Hillyer serial[edit]
The 1943 Batman serial originated the use of a grandfather clock as a door to the bat cave (or "bats' cave" as it was called in the serial), a device which was then adopted by the comics. The austere bat cave featured only an ornate desk, on the wall behind which was projected the shape of a bat.
Spencer Gordon Bennet serial[edit]
1948's Batman and Robin serial showed little more of Wayne Manor than its predecessor did. It continued the use of the grandfather clock as a secret door to the bat cave, which boasted more accoutrements than in the 1943 serial, including a holding cell.
Tim Burton films[edit]
In 1989's Batman, Knebworth House, a Gothic Tudor mansion 28 miles (45 km) north of London was used for the exterior. The interior, however, is Hatfield House, Hertfordshire. The gaming room from the movie used the long gallery, and the marble hall was used for Wayne's "arsenal" with the two-way mirror. In Batman Returns (1992), an original scale model was used for the exteriors of Wayne Manor. In the sequel, the passageway to the Batcave is uncovered by turning on the lights of an ornament in a nearby aquarium and dropping through a false floor in an iron maiden, although Alfred does quip that he'll "take the stairs".
Joel Schumacher films[edit]
In Batman Forever (1995) and Batman & Robin (1997), Webb Institute in Glen Cove, New York was used for the exterior shots of Wayne Manor. In Batman Forever, Dick Grayson discovers an entrance to the Batcave concealed behind a silverware storage cupboard.
Christopher Nolan films[


text:
Medical image protection and authentication are becoming increasingly important in an e-Health environment where images are readily distributed over electronic networks. Research has shown that medical image watermarking is a relevant process for enhancing data security, content verification and image fidelity. At the same time, it is necessary to preserve as much original information in the image data as possible, to avoid causing performance loss for human viewers.
A widely accepted fact in generic image watermarking is that not all watermarking methods are suitable for all image types and all applications. Although this topic has been explored for generic image watermarking, it has received very little attention in medical image watermarking. Most medical image watermarking research focuses on developing watermarking systems that preserve image fidelity and/or robustness, under typical non-medical image degradation processes (for example, data communication losses). However, they do not provide tailored solutions for specific medical image types, or for typical degradation processes arising from typical medical uses involving image manipulations.
Given the range of medical image types that exist, as well as the need to protect images without undue loss of data, and the knowledge that not all watermarking methods are suitable for all image types, an important gap in medical image watermarking research was been identified. If medical images are to be protected appropriately as they travel from one site to another, a suitably tailored watermarking scheme must be selected for each image type.
This project investigated the development and pilot implementation of a novel technique for embedding hidden 'watermark' information in medical image data files which would be useful for enhancing security and privacy protection, and at the same time would allow estimation of the amount of data loss (if any) that has occurred to an image due to successive manipulation, transmission and storage operations. This is important in ensuring that safety and quality standards are maintained, by protecting patient data from misuse by allowing ownership and access information to be embedded, and protecting health sector users from unknowingly using degraded data for critical clinical purposes.
The project was run as an e-Health Research Centre partner project, in conjunction with NICTA Qld Laboratory and with collaborating investigators based at the Queensland University of Technology and the University of Queensland.
Last Updated on Thursday, 29 September 2011 09:46

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
The African Fish Eagle, or also known as the African Sea Eagle, is a large bird that is widely found across sub-Saharan Africa, where bodies of water and food sources are abundant. It is considered as the national bird of four African countries, Namibia, Zambia, South Sudan, and Zimbabwe.
This bird species is classified under the genus Haliaeetus, the Latin term for "sea eagles." The African Fish Eagle's close relatives are the Sanford's Sea Eagle, Bald Eagle, the critically endangered Madagascan Fish Eagle, Pallas's Fish Eagle, and White-tailed Eagle. Like most fish eagles, the African Fish Eagle is a white-headed species. Its binomial name, Haliaeetus vocifer, was given by the French naturalist François Levaillant who called this bird "the vociferous one."
Since the population of this bird species appears to be in a continuous rise across sub-Saharan Africa, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List tagged this sea bird species as Least Concern.
Its seven levels of scientific classification are as follows:
Species: H. vocifer
The physical characteristics of an African Fish Eagle
This bird species is a relatively large bird. A female African Fish Eagle is usually larger than a male African Fish Eagle, weighing 3.2-3.6 kg and 2-2.5 kg, respectively. There exists a sexual dimorphism in this bird species. Meaning, the two sexes of this bird species exhibit different physical characteristics aside from their sexual organs. Male African Fish Eagles usually have a wingspan of 6.6 ft., while females have 7.9 ft.
With its pure white head, neck, tail, and chest, this bird species can be easily recognizable. It also has a dark chestnut brown and black primaries and secondaries. Its tail is short. The cere and feet are yellow and the eyes are dark brown in color. Its head is featherless.
Juveniles usually have brown plumage, with paler eyes compared to adults. Their feet have rough soles and powerful talons that can grasp an aquatic prey.
Distribution and habitat of African Fish Eagles
As mentioned before, the African Fish Eagles are native to sub-Saharan Africa, ranging from Mauritania, Niger, Chad, Mali, Sudan, and north Eritrea to the western Atlantic Ocean, eastern Indian Ocean, and South Africa. Non-breeding African Fish Eagles can be found in southwestern Africa, central Africa, and some parts of western Africa.
These birds frequent to freshwater lakes, reservoirs, rivers, mouths of rivers, and lagoons. They are common in Orange River in South Africa, Okavango Delta in Botswana, Lake Victoria, and in Lake Malawi. They also take refuge in grasslands, swamplands, tropical rainforests, and fynbos. They are absent in arid and desert zones, as they need lots of fishes to eat and trees to nest in.
The behavior of African Fish Eagles
This bird species mate for life. Breeding happens once a year, during the dry season when there are low water levels. A pair of African Fish Eagles participate in building two or more nests that can be reused for many years. They build their abodes by collecting twigs, pieces of woods, and sticks and situating it in a large, tall tree.
A female African Fish Eagle lays one to three eggs that are primarily white in color with red speckles. The pair takes turns in incubating the eggs. The incubation period lasts for an average of 45 days. These chicks fledge between 64-75 days. After 8 weeks of post-fledging, the African Fish Eagles will fly away from their parents.
African Fish Eagles are very territorial when it comes to their home turf. Oftentimes, you would see a bird perched alone, in pairs, or in small flocks. Although some sightings suggest that these birds congregate in flocks of more than 75 individuals.
Consequently, these birds are also known for their very distinct, loud cry, which is considered as a very iconic sound in Africa.
An African Fish Eagle's diet
As its name suggests, the African Fish Eagle's diet usually consists of a wide variety of fish. An African Fish Eagle does not submerge its head on the water to catch prey. Instead, it waits for the prey to appear on the surface of the water, snatches it using its strong talons, and flies up to a perch to eat its prey.
Other than fish, it also feeds on flamingos, small turtles, lizards, small reptiles, crocodile hatchlings, and monkeys.
Likewise, these birds have the ability to steal the prey that was caught by other predatory birds. This behavior is called kleptoparasitism.
BOTSWANA BIRDS | SOUTH AFRICA BIRDS
NAMIBIA BIRDS | ZAMBIA BIRDS | ZIMBABWE BIRDS

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Small reservoirs are important to flood control and water resource utilization in local areas. This study proposes a WebGIS-based flood control management system to support the flood discharge of small reservoirs during intensive rainfall in the flood season. The agile software development method and a loosely coupled structure are used to combine multidisciplinary knowledge from different experts. A flood level forecasting model for reservoirs in humid regions is established based on rainfall and water level measurements. It aims to provide concise information for reservoir managers to choose an appropriate discharging scheme, so that the capacity is maintained in a safe range on the next day. Using the Hengshan Reservoir in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River as an example, the model verification reveals that it is acceptable for rainfall events whose daily amount is near or above 100 mm (the heavy rainstorm level in China), and the system is verified by a trial operation during the typhoon season. While most existing flood control systems focus on river basins and large reservoirs, this study considers the data availability and practical flood discharging scenario of small reservoirs, and provides a useful tool for flood control management.
- flood control management
- limited hydrological measurements
- lower reaches of the Yangtze River
- small reservoir
- First received 11 May 2016.
- Accepted in revised form 29 September 2016.
- © IWA Publishing 2017


HomeHelp ArticlesViewsHow to create own custom user defined groups
How to create your own custom, user-defined groups
Now you can create your own custom, user-defined groups, where you can view the activities grouped in a certain manner, whether that be an activity status, remaining duration etc.
You can define not only one group condition, but specify multiple grouping criteria. For example, if you want to group activities by several grouping criteria, you have to do the following:
 1. Open the Activities View, by clicking on the Activities tab.
 2. Click on the Group option in the ribbon.
 3. Choose the Group By criteria from the dropdown list.
 4. Enter additional Interval and Indent Level Values for the grouping criteria.
 5. Click OK.
Activities grouping
In the example above, you can see that this activities grouping is made with two conditions (criteria), by Remaining Duration and which of the activities with the given remaining duration are Critical.
This is how the different groups are visualized in the Activities table.
Groups in ScheduleReader Grouped by finish weekly
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text:
Have you ever imagined, what can be as precious as gold; but as light as air? Well, I don't know about the past, but in today's time, its gold only! Yes, you read it right. Few scientists from ETH Zurich were able to convert gold in the form of a foam, which can be easily molded by hands. With this discovery, gold foam has become the lightest metal on earth, ever discovered.
Gold foam? How does it look like?
Researchers say that though gold foam is as light as air, it's difficult to tell the difference between solid gold and gold foam by naked eye. It so happens because of the aerogel that boasts the metallic luster. This amazing discovery has made the gold foam so soft that it can be molded by hand. That's possible because the gold foam consists of 98% air and only 2% of solid gold metal. Of this solid metal, over four-fifths are gold, and less than one-fifth is milk protein fibrils. This corresponds to around 20 carat gold, according to the researchers at ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology). All in all, gold foam consists of a three-dimensional mesh of gold of mostly pores.
That's why the lead of this research, Raffaele Mezzenga who is a professor of Food and Soft Materials calls the gold foam as a material that is "lighter than water and almost as light as air".
How the gold foam was created?
The scientists created this the gold foam by heating milk proteins to produce nanometer-fine protein fibers, that are also called as amyloid fibrils. These fibrils were later placed in a solution of gold salt. The protein fibers interlaced to form a basic structure, along which the gold simultaneously crystallized into tiny particles. This resulted in a gel-like gold fiber network.
Gustav Nyström, the first author of the corresponding study in the journal Advanced Materials mentions,
"One of the big challenges was how to dry this fine network without destroying it,"
Where can we use the gold foam?
Scientists mention that the material holds unique properties. It is a metal, but due to its porous structure, it is also light. As a result, it can be successfully used in jewelry and watches. Besides, it can be used as a revolutionary catalyst since it has huge surface, with very little quantity. It can be used in chemical labs across the world to carry out several chemical tests on this precious metal.
Gold is not the first metal to be converted into a foam. Scientists have successfully converted copper also into a foam earlier. The copper foam is used in various researches and tests in chemical labs.


- The return statement
Note that we often (though not always) traverse the tree in post-order, visiting a child before its parent. For example, we need to generate the return value before it's referenced in a return statement. In later posts, we'll need to generate the operands of arithmetic expressions before generating the code that operates on them.
Here's the assembly we need:
 1. To generate a function (e.g. function "foo"):
 .globl _foo
 2. To generate a return statement (e.g. return 3;):
 movl $3, %eax
☑ Task:
Write a generate function that accepts an AST and generates assembly. It can return the assembly as a string or write it directly to a file. It should generate correct assembly for all valid stage 1 examples.
(Optional) Pretty printing
You'll probably want a utility function to print out your AST, to help with debugging. You can write it now, or wait until you need it. Here's what nqcc's pretty printer outputs for return_2.c:
FUN INT main:
 params: ()
 RETURN Int<2>
This example includes some information your AST doesn't need, like the return type and list of function parameters.
☑ Task:
Write a pretty-print funcion that takes an AST and prints it out in a readable way.
Putting it all together
☑ Task:
Write a program that accepts a C source file and outputs an executable. The program should:
 1. Read in the file
 2. Lex it
 3. Parse it
 4. Generate assembly
 5. Write the assembly to a file
 6. Invoke GCC command to convert the assembly to an executable:
 gcc -m32 assembly.s -o out
 In this command, "assembly.s" is the name of the assembly file and "out" is the name of the executable you want to generate. The -m32 option tells GCC to build a 32-bit binary. You can omit that option and build 64-bit binaries if you want, but you'll need to make some changes to the code generation steps later on (e.g. using 64-bit registers).
 7. (Optional) Delete the assembly file.
You can test that your compiler is working properly with the test script here. It will compile a set of test programs using your compiler, execute them, and make sure they return the right value.
To invoke it:
./ /path/to/your/compiler
In order to test it with the script, your compiler needs to follow this spec:
 1. It can be invoked from the command line, taking only a C source file as an argument, e.g.:./YOUR_COMPILER /path/to/program.c
 2. When passed program.c, it generates executable program in the same directory.
 3. It doesn't generate assembly or an executable if parsing fails (this is what the test script checks for invalid test programs).
The script doesn't check whether your compiler outputs sensible error messages, but you can use the invalid test programs to test that manually.
Up Next
In the next post, we'll add three unary operators: -, ~, and!. Stay tuned!
If you have any questions, corrections, or other feedback, you can email me or open an issue.
Further Reading
 - Baby Steps to a C Compiler - a post about another C compiler inspired by Ghuloum's paper.
 - The C11 Standard, the current C language specification. Annex A is a summary of C's grammar, so it's a good reference for parsing. You probably don't need to read this all the way through.
1 If you're not familiar with sum types or pattern matching, there's a good introduction here.
2 An assembler converts a bunch of human-readable assembly instructions (like inc) into binary opcodes (like _PHONE_). A linker combines multiple object files (the files produced by the assembler) into a single executable. Even though return_2.c doesn't reference any external libraries, we still need the linker, for two reasons:
 - Object files produced by the assembler aren't in the right file format.
 - The linker includes some initialization code, called crt0, even though it's not explicitly referenced.
3 In case you're curious about these GCC options: -S tells GCC to generate an assembly file (return_2.s) instead of an executable. -O3 turns on a bunch of compiler optimizations - this removes a lot of boilerplate and makes the code easier to read - at least for extremely simple programs like this one. -fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables tells it not to generate an unwind table, which contains information needed to generate stack traces. Hiding the unwind table also makes the code smaller and more readable.
4 I think these directives will vary between platforms; these were generated using Homebrew gcc 7.2.0 on OS X. Here's what they mean:
 -.section __TEXT,__text_startup,regular,pure_instructions tells the assembler that this is the text section, which contains assembly instructions (other sections might contain string literals, initialized data, debug information, etc.).
 -.align 4 tells the assembler to align all the instructions at 16-byte intervals - the 4 here is a power of 2, 2^4 = 16. On some architectures.align 4 would mean align at 4-byte intervals. This directive is important because instructions (and data) can be fetched more quickly from word-aligned addresses on most CPU architectures. On a 64-bit machine, a word is only 4 bytes, but some SIMD x86 instructions require data to be 16-byte aligned; I think that's why GCC emits.align 4.
 -.subsections_via_symbols is used to eliminate dead code. It indicates that each chunk of assembly beginning with a symbol can be treated as an individual block, and removed if it's not used by any other block. More info in the documentation here.
5 A register is a very tiny, very fast memory cell that sits right on the CPU and has a name you can refer to in assembly.


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Let $1)\\&=&1+2t(1-t)(\Re()-1)) \end{eqnarray}
Since $x\neq y$ and $||x||_2=||y||_2$, we conclude that $x\neq ky$ for every scalar hence we get $\Re()\leq||<||x||_2||y||_2=1$. So, $||tx+(1-t)y||_2<1$.
Thanks everyone.
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1 Answer 1
For $1 < p < \infty$, Minkowski's inequality is an equality if and only if one of the vectors is a multiple of the other by a nonnegative scalar.
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If the vectors is multiple of the other by scalar implies the equality is trivial. How about the converse? – beginner Nov 30 '12 at 6:43
You can go back over the proof of Minkowski's inequality, and Hölder's which is usually used in that proof. At some point you may use something like the fact that the minimum of the function $f(x) = x^p/p - x$ for $x \ge 0$ is at $x=1$. Now note that this is a unique minimum ($f$ is strictly convex)... – Robert Israel Nov 30 '12 at 8:20
Your Answer


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Consider a finite group G. For any integer $m \geq 1$ set $\gamma(m) = \gamma_G(m)$ to be the number of elements $g \in G$ such that ord($g$) = $m$. We say that $m$ is a "possible order" for G if $\gamma(m) \geq 1$, that is, if there is at least one element $g \in G$ such that ord(g) = m.
Consider the cyclic group $G = C_{6} \times C_6$. List all possible orders for G, and for each $m \geq 1$ of them calculate the value of $\gamma_G(m)$.
From my other question, I thought that I would do this:
lcm(6,6) = 6
Integers dividing 6 = 1, 2, 3, 6. I therefore use the Euler function on these numbers to get the number of elements in each order, but thats wrong. The correct answer is:
$$\begin{matrix} m: & 1 & 2 & 3 & 6 \\ \varphi(m): & 1 & 3 & 8 & 24 \end{matrix} $$
Why is this?
EDIT: I found a theorem: G and H are groups. For any $g \in G$, ord(g) = m. $h \in H$, ord(h) = k. Then
$$ ord(g, h) = lcm(m,k) = \frac{m \cdot k}{(m, k)} $$
What does the comma bit mean at the bottom of the fraction?
Is this theorem useful?
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Well, what made you use Euler's totient function for this? It is true that there is a specific case where that gives the answer, but this is not such a case. – Tobias Kildetoft Dec 12 '12 at 18:39
I thought that was how you calculate the number of elements in the order. How else do you do it? – Kaish Dec 12 '12 at 18:46
Euler's totient function gives you the number of elements of the given order in a cyclic group. This is not quite a cyclic group, but we can still use something like this, since we can see what the order of an element $(a,b)$ will be given the orders of $a$ and $b$. – Tobias Kildetoft Dec 12 '12 at 18:48
So how would I calculate those orders then? – Kaish Dec 12 '12 at 19:05
Yes, the theorem you found is very useful for this. The comma bit at the denominator should have been $(m,k)$ which means $\rm{gcd}(m,k)$, ie their greatest common divisor. – Tobias Kildetoft Dec 12 '12 at 19:19
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text:
This topic applies to Caseware Audit
Complete the documents in the Journals entries analysis folder in the following sequence:
- 670 Use of journal entries
Use to determine whether material misstatements (fraud or error) have occurred from the use of inappropriate, fictitious or unauthorized journal entries. If you selected Yes to the question Would you like to use Caseware's AnalyticsAI to assist with journal entries testing in your engagement? in the 010 Planning optimiser, you will be able to use AI-20, AI-30, and AI-40 to assist in completing this checklist. If you selected No you will only use the default procedures in 670 Use of journal entries.
- AI-20 Data completeness
This is a simple table designed so that you can verify that the groupings totals from the trial balance agree with the groupings totals taken from imported transactions. For example, the total sales of goods and services from the trial balance is $404,100, so we want to verify the transactions that make up the sales of goods and services account add up to $404,100. There should ideally be "0" in all areas of the Difference column to indicate there are no issues. In this example there is a difference of (9,156) which indicates the trial balance and supporting transactions do not agree.
- AI-30 Influencers for analytics insights
See Adjust influencers for more information.
- AI-40 Analytics insights
This takes you to the AnalyticsAI functionality. For more information see Test results.
Note: You must import transactions in 501 Analytical procedures for documents AI-20, AI-30, and AI-40 to function as expected.
Complete the documents in the Risk response folder in the following sequence:
- 625 Going concern evaluation, accounting estimates, subsequent events, related party transactions
This is a standard checklist that is optimised based on what is needed for the engagement. By default, only the "Subsequent events" grouping is required. The other three groupings are driven by the following visibility settings:
- Going concern evaluation - Entire grouping is hidden unless on 500 Understanding the entity, you have selected "Yes - see response and comments" on the procedure "Going concern risk".
- Accounting estimates - Entire grouping is hidden unless on 513 Understanding accounting estimates, you have selected an estimate.
- Related party transactions - Entire grouping is hidden unless on 500 Understanding the entity, you have selected "Yes - see response and comments" on the procedure "Identification of related parties". This document also lets you choose between a "Full" and "Memo" format for each section. Full is the standard checklist with all procedures. Memo allows the user to hide all the procedures for that group and have a text entry box instead where they can type up how they will respond to that specific group issue. The "memo" option is intended for simple audits.
- 630 Summary of external confirmations
Use this to summarize the use of external confirmation procedures (CAS 505).
- 640 Client queries - Records and documents
This query document is similar to 030 Client queries - Initial client queries, except this document is used to drive the completion of the Risk Response phase.
- 680 ASPE - Supplementary audit procedures
Use this to obtain the necessary audit evidence relating to the first-time adoption of Accounting Standards for Private Enterprises (ASPE), financial instruments and employee future benefits in accordance with ASPE.


Advantages & Disadvantages Of Mechanical Keyboard: Explained
Advantages And Disadvantages Of Mechanical Keyboard
Whether it is about their precision-engineered keycaps or their high-end switches, mechanical gaming keyboards have turned the spotlight towards them lately.
The market is witnessing new varieties of space-saving designs from this keyboard niche to take the gaming experience to an elite level.
Some brands even go one step forward to offer durable metal construction coupled with crystal clear uniform backlighting to dominate their presence in the gaming market.
However, amongst all these hypes, intelligent users don't forget to question the real worth of these mechanical keyboards.
The forums are getting flooded with queries on these keyboards durability under tough gaming conditions.
Indeed mechanical keyboards cost way more than standard keyboardsthat put first-time buyers even in more difficult situations while choosing the right one.
So, let's ease this out. Let's have a basic understanding of what these keyboards are, and some pros and cons further to address your concerns.
What is a Mechanical Keyboard?
Mechanical keyboards use physical mechanisms to operate. While membrane keyboards use rubber-domes beneath the keys, mechanical keyboards include spring-attached mechanical switches.
When you press a key, the spring touches the circuit, which signals the circuit to register a keystroke.
Alternatively, in membrane keyboards, you will find a rubber dome beneath the keys.
Since both keyboards consist of the same type of keycaps, you might not recognize the difference with bare eyes.
However, if you use them, you can clearly feel the immaculate difference between them both.
Mechanical keyboards come with varieties, all targeted to the specific use of the user.
Linear Switches
Linear Switche
Keyboard with linear switches simply goes up and down, without generating any clicky noise or feedback.
It allows you to reach faster actuation with smooth keystrokes with each keypress. For gaming, you can go for them.
Tactile Switches
Tactile Switche
Keyboard with tactile switches makes you feel a noticeable bump on your finger when you press a key.
The bumpy feeling helps you get the idea that your device has registered a key. Moreover, it also helps in limiting bottoms out.
For examplewhen you use membrane keys, you have to press more to register a key. Pressing a key too hard makes them bottom out, leading to technical issues.
Since tactile switches register keystrokes faster, such issues never usually occur in mechanical keyboards.
Clicky Switches
Clicky Switche
Such switches offer the same benefits as tactile switches plus offering a unique clicky sound when activated. The click sound is an extra addition to the tactile feedback.
Meaning, you get more response to a keypress, leading to more accuracy in typing and gaming.
Apart from technical differences, you will have other variances in mechanical keyboards like wired/wireless, tenkeyless, detachable wrist rests, and many more.
Advantages of Mechanical Keyboard
1. Better typing and gaming performance
Any professional programmer or gamer will surely prefer mechanical keyboards in terms of speed and precision.
Usually, in a membrane keyboard, you need to reach at least 4mm of actuation point to register a keypress.
However, in mechanical keyboards, the number goes down to less than 2 mm. With such advantages of a mechanical keyboard, you have to apply less pressure to achieve accuracy.
Therefore, once you get familiar with the new mechanism of a mechanical keyboard, you can type twice as fast in the long run.
The actuation force used to register a key in membrane keyboards is usually lower than mechanical keyboards.
However, as we mentioned earlier, the actuation point in the membrane remains twice as higher as mechanical ones.
As a result, in membrane keyboards, you have to apply more pressure to register a key, which messes up the whole ergonomics.
Therefore, people working with rubber dome keyboards often end up with finger fatigue within a small duration.
2. Customizable
Typing style of a person varies from person to person. For examplePeople with big fingers tend to make typing errors compare to people with smaller hands.
However, this rule does not apply to everyone. Therefore, manufacturers of mechanical keyboards allow you to customize your keyboard according to your typing style, hand size, and force you utilize while typing.
i. Scenario 1: Big hands – Many Misclicks
If you have big hands and often make typing mistakes, then you can go for keyboards with activation points higher than 2mm. Actually, the farther you keep the activation point, the more you have to press to activate the key.
Also, make sure the operation force of the keyboard remains 55cN or higher. This works great if you tend to apply more pressure while typing.
In other words, you have to put slightly more pressure to activate a key, which helps you avoid misclicks.
You might be thinkingwhy not go for membrane keyboards as they provide higher actuation points. In reality, a higher activation point alone cannot help you reduce your misclicks, you also need a keyboard that accommodates heavy operating force.
Since membrane keyboards contain rubber domes and lightweight bodies, they simply cannot withstand heavy operating force in the long run.
ii. Scenario 2: Big hands – light typing habit
If you have large hands but type lighter, then you can enhance your typing speed and accuracy by switching to mechanical keyboards with activation points around 1.4 or higher.
Considering your light typing skills, we can assume that you have already learned how to control the strength of your fingers. Therefore, you can restrict the operating force from 55 to 75 cN.
Also, as a light typing, the chance of the key's bottom out remains minimal. You have the natural tendency to identify the bump during keypress and move to the next key. Therefore, you can go for tactile or clicky switches.
iii. Scenario 3: Small to medium size hands – Bottoms out
If you have small to medium-size hands, but still face bottoms out issues, then consider buying speed switches. These switches are great for gaming as well as for typing. These switches come with a short activation point, enabling the device to register keypress faster than ever.
iv. Scenario 4: Heavy smashers
If you love or can't help but put excessive pressure on keyboards, then simply go for mechanical keyboards with an operating force higher than 75cN.
3. Economical In The Long Run
With membrane keyboards, you cannot make such critical customization. However, with mechanical keyboards you can remove your key switches and replace them with other switches in the future.
For exampleif a key of your mechanical keyboard stops working after a few years, then you don't have to throw the whole thing away. You just have to buy a new key, pull the old key, and replace it with the new key. This is also beneficial in cases where you want to upgrade the tactile force and actuation force of your keyboard.
4. Durable
Apart from offering a 50 – 100 keystrokes lifecycle, mechanical keyboards come with a highly durable build and superior technology.
Most mechanical keyboards feature heavy-duty materials like ABS and aircraft-grade anodized aluminum. In addition to that, mechanical keyboards also include advanced dust-proof and spill-resistant features that add a few more years to it.
5. Anti-Ghosting property
The Anti-ghosting technology is among the top advantages of mechanical keyboards you will receive as a programmer/gamer. If you do not know, ghosting refers to the process when your keyboard fails to recognize a few keys when you press them together.
Such circumstances often occur when you type faster. With anti-ghosting, you get more precision with typing, leading to fewer typing errors. Besides, mechanical keyboards offer super durability as they often come with a hard metal, dust-proof and spill-resistant body.
Disadvantages of Mechanical Keyboard
Every product comes with some downside and mechanical keyboards are no exception.
1. A bit loud
If you are using a mechanical keyboard for the first time, then you might feel distracted by the noise. Most mechanical keyboards such as tactile and clicky switches often can be a bit louder than other keyboards. If you cannot bear the noise, you can go for silent models or use O-rings to decrease the sound.
2. Heavy
Any keyboard with a durable body and mechanical key switches will feel heavy on the hands. However, considering its lightning-fast response, you would hardly feel the weight, unless you decide to keep the keyboard on your lap instead.
3. Expensive
Mechanical keyboards are usually expensive when compared to membrane keyboards. Any good quality keyboard with a durable body, RGB lighting, and genuine MX switches will cost you $100 at a minimum. Meanwhile, you will also find some quality mechanical keyboards under $40.
How long do mechanical keyboards last?
A mechanical keyboard lasts around 10 years on average. However, the longevity of a mechanical keyboard completely depends upon your usage rate and maintenance. Generally, a mechanical keyboard comes with a life of around 50-100 million keystrokes, which counts as 10-20 times a regular membrane keyboard.
Several factors come to play while deciding the lifecycle of a mechanical keyboard. However, the major factor behind a long-lasting mechanical keyboard remains its strong key switches. For exampleeach key switch stays independent of each other, unlike the rubber dome from the membrane keyboard.
Most mechanical keyboards are repairable & upgradable, which means, with regular maintenance you can enhance its lifecycle even further.
Is a mechanical keyboard better for programming?
In one word, yes, mechanical keyboards offer the best programming experience you will ever have. Whether it's due to lack of marketing or too much focus on the gaming industry, most people consider mechanical keyboards as a gaming device. However, to bust the myth


text:
Stargate: SG-1: Ancient Egyptian Deities to the Modern Eye
Gabriel, Angiola L.
MetadataShow full item record
This paper seeks to understand the appropriation of ancient Egyptian deities into Stargate: SG-1. It seeks to understand why those particular deities were chosen, how they were manipulated and for what reasons the deities were altered as they were. This paper will compare the original deity to the Stargate: SG-1 version in order to see what was changed and to figure out what purpose these alterations serve. In no way is this paper going to be able to address every set, piece of cloth, or movement of the actor. However, it will address major alterations and similarities of the ancient Egyptian deities into Stargate: SG-1.


text:
Ritual Wine Container (Lei)
Chinese, Eastern Zhou Dynasty
Ritual Wine Container (Lei), 8th-7th century B.C.
Gift of Mrs. F. Harold Daniels
With loop handles cast onto its wide shoulders and a broad, everted mouth rim, this flat-bottomed ritual bronze vessel is thought to have held wine. Its shape evolved from that of pottery in the late Western Zhou period (1111-770 B.C.). The decoration, organized in two bands of large, interlocking dragons, heralds a change in taste in the early Eastern Zhou dynasty. In the following centuries such designs became denser and more regular in their arrangement of complex, repeated abstract patterns. That the decoration may not have had specific symbolic meaning can be inferred from inscriptions on some Zhou bronzes indicating that they commemorated military victories and gifts of land or titles.


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text:
Wednesday 2nd May 2012
Pupils are taking steps to get healthy by measuring how far they walk using pedometers.
Secondary-aged students at Doncaster School For The Deaf will be joined by staff as they attempt to each walk 50 miles, the equivalent of walking to Derby.
The project is part of the Healthy Schools campaign, which encourages schools and colleges to improve the health and well-being of children and young people.
Jane Goodman, deputy headteacher of the school, said: "This is a fantastic way for us to encourage healthy behaviour amongst our pupils. Many of them live a long way away from the school and therefore can't make the healthy choice to walk to school.
"Using pedometers lets them stretch their legs and do some exercise in a fun and interesting way. Our pupils can relate to the distance from our campus to Derby, so it made sense for us to choose it as our destination."
The distance from Doncaster School For The Deaf, on Leger Way, to Derby is about 44 miles as the crow flies, or 51.5 miles by road.
It would take the average person more than 16 hours to walk 50 miles and they would burn off between 4,000 and 5,000 calories in the process.


text:
How do I comply with the Conflict of Interest in Research policy?
- Complete the required training at _URL_ Investigators use the web-based Collaborative Institutional Training Initiative (CITI) program to complete their conflict of interest training requirement.
- Keep Conflict of Interest education up to date – repeat every four years – or as directed by institutional officials.
- Complete Disclosure of Significant Financial Interests form annually, and update within thirty days when there is a change. Investigators should refer to disclosure instructions from their primary site.
- If you are a Principal Investigator on a project, complete a Principal Investigator Certification form. Investigators should refer to disclosure instructions from their primary site.


text:
posted by esther on.
Guy wire. How long is a guy wire reaching from the top of a 21ft pole to a point on the ground 14 ft from the pole?
28ft (27.784887978899609016865094082057ft to be exact)
since when this is drawn it forms a right triangle, we use pythagorean theorem:
c^2 = a^2 + b^2
c = hypotenuse
a and b are base and height of the triangle
c^2 = 14^2 + 21^2
c = sqrt (196 + 441)
c = 25.24 ft
hope this helps~ :)


DnD 5e Saving Throws Explained
Hey everyone! In today's post, DnD 5e Saving Throws Explained, we'll have a look at one of the systems that has been in DnD since I started playing with 3.5 almost a decade ago. Really it's a pretty simple system, but it's a part of the game that will show up very often.
Saving throws have been about for a very long time, they cover many areas, from dodging spells to avoiding death itself.
So what are saving throws?
Saving Throw Explained
In 5e there is a dice roll you will be asked to make fairly often in encounters. These rolls are typically used to test the character's ability to prevent something happening to them. The scope of what a saving throw "can be" is pretty wide. Let's go into how before we cover the when.
In 5e every character is made up of the 6 main attributes, also known as abilities: –
Strength (STR)
Dexterity (DEX)
Constitution (CON)
Intelligence (INT)
Wisdom (WIS)
Charisma (CHA)
Each of these attributes will have a score, the higher the score, the better that creature/character is at tasks covered by that attribute. This includes saving throws.
During the course of a game, your GM may ask you to make an attribute specific saving throw, based on either what you're currently doing, or if an attack is being made upon your character.
If you fail the saving throw, a bad effect will take place, either a spell will take hold, or you will catch a disease, or fall off a cliff, depending on the context of the saving throw itself.
If you succeed, then most of the time you will resist or overcome whatever caused the saving throw in the first place, a spell will fail to take hold, you resist the disease, or you catch yourself before falling off the cliff.
The way a roll would typically work is that a character would be asked to make a specific attribute saving throw, they would roll their D20, and add their ability score modifier to the result (and their proficiency bonus if they are proficient with that attribute). The total of that dice roll must be equal to or higher than the Difficulty Class (DC) of what is currently happening to succeed.
Difficulty Class Explained
So you're probably asking, "how do I know what the DC is?". That's a good question, well done! Generally speaking, you won't ever know the true value of the DC. Typically, you should only ever know if you succeed or fail on the roll.
I would say there are two kinds of DC's in the game, one is set by the GM depending on how hard they think the current action/situation is. The other is based on a character's specific attribute scores, this one is what would be used when a character/creature is casting a spell on another.
For the GM determined DC's it would have a numerical range from 1-30+.
DC1-5 range would be considered very easy
DC5-10 would be something easy
DC10-15 is a medium challenge
DC15-20 is where it would be considered hard
DC20-25 is considered very hard
DC25 and upward would be considered close to impossible
For a character-specific DC's, we would most likely be talking about spells. Depending on the class the spell-caster is they would use a specific attribute to cast their spells. A spell-caster can work out their own spell-casting DC with this quick formula
8 + Spellcasting Ability Modifier + Proficiency Bonus
Saving Throw Examples
So now we know what saving throws are, and what difficulty checks are, let's look at some specific examples of times you may ask or be asked to make a saving throw for each main ability, keep in mind a spell will tell you exactly what saving throw needs to be made, so we're not going to be fully focused on spells for this one.
Strength (STR)
Let's say as the party is trying to flee a trap-filled tomb, the entrance to the tomb is being covered by a lowering stone slab. The barbarian in the party runs ahead and holds the door in place to allow their party to escape safely. As they hold the lowering door, they could be asked to make a STR Saving throw, to see if they are able to withstand the force of the door pushing down on them.
Dexterity (DEX)
As a party member climbs the thin ledge of the side of a cliff, journeying upward, they are attacked and lose their footing, they would be asked to make a DEX Saving Throw in order to catch themselves either on their safety rope, or manage to grasp their hand onto a rock further below that is jutting out of cliff face.
Constitution (CON)
The party may be fighting some rabid gnolls. One of the gnolls bites a party member viciously. That party member would be asked to make a CON Saving Throw to resist being infected by the gnoll's disease.
Intelligence (INT)
If the party is fighting against creatures that have significant psionic abilities and it attempt to psychically bombard a party member's mind, then they would be asked to make an INT Saving Throw in order to resist some, or all of the damage inflicted.
Wisdom (WIS)
The party are in an enchanted wood, and are starting to get lost, the GM may ask the party to make WIS Saving Throws to determine that they are on the wrong track.
Charisma (CHA)
The party bard may have rolled poorly on a performance check in order to entertain a tavern. They could be asked to make a CHA Saving Throw in order to determine just how badly the tavern react to the poor performance.
Death Saving Throw
This throw is made when a character is in the midst of death. When a character reaches 0 HP unless it is healed, or stabilized. Every time it's that characters turn, they must make a Death Saving Throw. The DC for which is always 10 and it is not tied to any ability score. If the character rolls a 10 or higher, they gain 1 success point, 3 of which means they are still unconscious, but not dying. If they roll lower, they gain 1 failure point, 3 of which means the character dies.
Wrap Up
I hope this post has helped you understand what Saving Throws are in DnD 5, and has given you some ideas for the different ways they can show up in your games, not just spells and monster effects but also other scenarios.
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text:
Ivan Aivazovsky's "The Ninth Wave"
Yesterday marked the 108th anniversary of the death of the Armenian painter Ivan Aivazovsky. Aivazovsky is most famous for his seascapes, which constitute more than half of his oeuvre. Karly Briullov's "Last Day of Pompeii" (previously featured on 'Feel Art Again') had a significant impact on Aivazovsky, influencing some of his work.
1. As a young boy growing up in Theodosia, Ivan Aivazovsky was known to draw in charcoal on the whitewashed walls throughout the town. Luckily, his graffiti did not land him in trouble, but instead attracted the attention of the town-governor, who then helped Aivazovsky attend high school and later the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts to further develop his talents. Aivazovsky graduated the Academy at age 20,with their highest honor, the gold medal.
2. Aivazovsky honed his skill for seascapes with hands-on experience. In 1836, he participated in training exercises of the Baltic Sea fleet. By a Tsar's edict, he was attached to the Chief Naval Staff "with the title of painter to the Staff and with the right to wear the uniform of the naval ministry." He was so revered by the navy that, in 1846, they marked the tenth anniversary of his artistic career with a special squadron of battleships sent from Sevastopol to congratulate him.
3. In 1840, Aivazovsky traveled to Rome, where he became friendly with Nikolai Gogol. He also received high praise from the Roman critics, newspapers, and even Pope Gregory XVI. The pope purchased Aivazovsky's "Chaos" and hung it in the Vatican where, according to the Art Gazette, "only the pictures of the world's greatest artists are considered worthy of a place."
4. Joseph M.W. Turner, who himself is known for his marine paintings, saw Aivazovsky's "The Bay of Naples on a Moonlit Night" in 1842 and was so struck that he wrote a rhymed poem (in Italian) to Aivazovsky:
In this your picture
I see the moon, all gold and silver.
Reflected in the sea below...
And on the surface of the sea
There plays a breeze which leaves a trail
Of trembling ripples, like a shower
Of fiery sparks or else the gleaming headdress
Of a mighty king!
Forgive me if I err, great artist,
Your picture has entranced me so,
Reality and art are one,
And I am all amazement.
So noble, powerful is the art
That only genius could inspire!
5. Between 1845 and 1890, Aivazovsky traveled to Istanbul 8 times, first upon invitation of Sultan AbdÃ¼lmecid. He was later commissioned as a court painter by the Sultans AbdÃ¼lmecid, Abdulaziz, and Abdulhamid. In 1895, Aivazovsky was so devastated by the massacres of Armenians ordered by Sultan Abdulhamid that he threw into the sea the medals he had received from the sultan.
6. Aivazovsky, who believed "to live means to work," was one of the most prolific and successful artists of his time. He painted more than 6,000 works by his death in 1900, and had even started a new canvas, "The Explosion of the Turkish Ship," on the last day of his life.
7. A minor planet, discovered by a Soviet astronomer, Nikolai Stepanovich, in 1977 was named after 3787 Aivazovskij in honor of the artist.
A larger version of "The Ninth Wave" is available here.
'Feel Art Again' appears every Tuesday and Thursday.


text: Adakites have a distinct chemistry that links them to melting of a mafic source at high pressure. They have been attributed to melting of subducted oceanic crust or melting of the mafic crustal roots of thick continental arcs, and are an important contrast to mantle wedge melting as a means of generating continental crust. We report the first direct evidence for the generation of adakitic melts in mafic lower continental crust, in an exhumed Cretaceous arc in the South Island of New Zealand. The lower crustal Pembroke Granulite has the bulk chemistry and partial melting textures involving peritectic garnet appropriate for a source region for an adakitic melt. The melt migrated from the area through a fracture network now filled with trondhjemitic veins. Emplacement of the melt was in the upper crust of the Cretaceous section, illustrated by the presence of coeval adakites in the upper crustal Nelson-Westland region.


text:
A 38.0 g arrow is shot horizontally with a speed of 31.8 m/s when
it hits a target with a mass of 0.440-kg. The arrow passes
completely through the target and exits with a speed of 16.1
(a) If the target is at rest when hit, what is its speed after the
i got 1.35 for a
(b) How much energy is lost as heat in this scenario?


Two Main Ways About How the Olympics Changed Canada
Any major global event always leaves a city and a nation very different from how it was before the event. The Olympics has been one of the main reasons why some cities have changed their infrastructure and improved their stadiums. Canada had the privilege of hosting the Olympics for the first time in 1976 and have done so in three other seasons. Here are two ways by which the Olympics have changed Canada.
An Inspiration to Several Generations
The 1976 Olympics in Quebec brought a lot of financial strain to the city. Taxpayers had to dig deep into their pockets to make the event happen successfully. However, the results of such a hard investment are still seen to date. Before the games, not many were enthusiastic about the Olympics. It seemed like any other world activity until it landed on Canadian soil.
Since then more people look forward to every Olympic season, even those that were not there when it was hosted in Canada. A lot of kids sign up for Olympic associated sports with the hope that one day they will make not only their family but also their country proud.
The Growth of Host Cities
Calgary had always been a small-town way before the Olympics came to Canada in 1988. Since then, the city still has some sporting events that attract the attention of the media. Mayor Klein might also have a good reason to thank such a significant event. He eventually landed the position of a province's Premier after the games.
Vancouver also has a lot to thank the Olympics for. After hosting the Winter Games in 2010, transport and infrastructure improved immensely. The games brought the construction of the Canada Line, which is an automated transit that only takes 20 minutes from the airport to the heart of the city.


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I would like to use a type that behaves like a simple list of pairs [(a,b)] that serves as a dictionary, mapping keys of type a to values of type b, while maintaining a "user-specified", defined order of keys. (i.e. just as with ordinary lists - I would like to be able to "append" an item which is then recognized as the "last element".) However I would like random access lookup on keys with better than linear performance, i.e. what Data.Map provides. One option would be to just maintain an ordinary map in addition to a list of keys that defines their order:
data OrderedDict a b = OrderedDict (Map a b) [a]
and then define append operations, etc. that keep the two key collections in sync. It seems ugly though to maintain two separate collections of the same keys. Is there a ready-made data type that already combines ordered keys with efficient random-access lookup by key?
share|improve this question
Java's LinkedHashMap seems to do something similar: thread a list of keys through the map. Python's OrderedDict is simply a list of pairs, so they're no help here. – Lambda Fairy Jun 8 '12 at 4:07
What do you mean with "defined order"? Given two keys a1 and a2, is it a priori fixed whether a1 precedes a2 or is the precedence determined at runtime? – Peter Jun 8 '12 at 6:46
_USER_ I mean 'defined order' in the same sense as with ordinary lists - if I append a2 after I append a1, then a1 precedes a2 – gcbenison Jun 8 '12 at 13:54
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3 Answers
Take a look at ixset library - it allows you to maintain sets indexed by multiple columns (by a and by Int in your case). This is much more maintainable than keeping maps consistent by hand
share|improve this answer
Thanks - ixset is cool. I don't think it quite matches the bill in this case because it can allow inconsistent state (multiple entries with the same Int field) and it would require a caller performing an append operation to explicitly specify the index - something not required by ordinary lists. – gcbenison Jun 8 '12 at 15:13
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Unless I completely misunderstand your question, Data.Map does exactly this, using the key type's Ord instance for ordering. As it's a binary tree, the implementation keeps the keys ordered as well.
Data.Map.keys gives you the keys of a map in ascending order; as transformations, such as map, of a Map are purely functional the order of traversal is irrelevant, and all ways of getting a sequence of keys or key/value pairs out of a Map gives you an ordered list.
share|improve this answer
I believe gcbenison is asking for something like Data.Map but with the added property of preserving the order in which the keys are inserted. – dbaupp Jun 8 '12 at 7:05
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If you just want to preserve some fixed order (e.g. insertion time) in addition of having O(log n) lookup/insertions, you could simply use multiple maps and update them simultaneously:
 1. Map a b for storing the actual data, and
 2. Map Int a that gives you the i-th key in the order. (If you also need to query the index of a given key you could add a Map a Int)
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text:
By Colleen Fisher Tully
- whole cooked lobster, cooled
- kitchen shears
- bamboo skewers
- lobster-shell cracker or nutcracker
1. The Tail
Bend lobster tail back slightly and twist to remove—it should come apart easily. Starting at open end, using kitchen shears, cut shell down middle of tail's underside, as shown. Open up shell like a book; remove meat in one piece. If there is green pasty stuff (the liver and pancreas, called tomalley), wipe it away with a paper towel and discard. The same goes for any tiny eggs.
Editor's Note: Some Canadians love tomalley! Just remember, Health Canada advises children avoid it and adults to restrict their consumption to no more than the amount found in one lobster.
2. The Claws, Part A
Twist two front legs off body of lobster. If they don't twist off easily, use kitchen shears to snip through any cartilage. Bend small pincer back and forth until it breaks off, as shown. Carefully pull shell away from meat to keep claw intact. If meat breaks apart, use bamboo skewer to pull meat out of pincer.
3. The Claws, Part B
Using lobster shell cracker, break into large claw shell at base, as shown. Using fingers or skewer, pull out claw meat. If needed, use kitchen shears to cut into shell further, opening it like a book and lifting out meat. Make sure all hard cartilage has detached from claw meat before setting aside. Don't forget the knuckle! Break this leg section into pieces and push out meat with skewer.
4. Reserve Shells
Now you have the secret ingredient to the most amazing soups, stocks and flavoured butters: lobster shells. If you can't use them right away, toss them in a freezer-safe bag or container and store them in the freezer.
Editor's Note: The skinny leg pieces have very small bits of meat you can extract with a skewer, or many cooks leave them intact to help flavour the next recipe.
Here's how to make Lobster Butter.
From lobster rolls to risottos to decadent eggs Benedict, there's no end to enjoying succulent Canadian lobster meat. Try it in this seafaring chef's signature dish: Oleg's Seafood Chowder.


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George is a macro scripting language that can be used to control TVPaint. It is an "automatic pilot" that sends instructions such as "select this function", "use this color", "draw this", etc.. to TVPaint. Each instruction corresponds to an TVPaint function or icon. Everything takes place as though George was clicking the icon in the interface for you. Rather than clicking ten or twenty times on the same button yourself, simply ask George to do it for you.
You can simply use existing programs (i.e., scripts) or you can create your own. With George, you can create an infinite number of custom drawing functions and automate the use of TVPaint. Many example scripts are included with TVPaint and are stored in the George subdirectory.
George programs are basically plain ASCII text files. You can use any text editing program to create and edit them.
Suppose that you wanted to draw a glass ball. To do this, you would need to cutout a custom brush (for the reflective surface), set the parameters to apply this brush in a circle, draw filled circle (which will be filled with the brush), adjust opacity mapping parameters to obtain a reflection, select white and redraw the circle.
If you only had to do one of these balls, you could execute the operations manually. However, what if you needed 10 or 20 glass balls. It would likely get pretty tedious - this is where George comes in. With the proper program, all you have to do is to draw a circle to define the contours of the ball and George will do the rest for you.


This is machine translation
Translated by Microsoft
Phase Voltage Sensor
Measure phase voltages in three-phase system
The Phase Voltage Sensor block represents an ideal three-phase voltage sensor. It measures the voltages across the three-phase ports ~1 and ~2 and outputs a single three-element, physical signal vector. Each element of the physical signal output vector is equal to the voltage in the respective phase.
The block has the following ports:
Expandable three-phase port
Expandable three-phase port
Three-element physical signal vector output port associated with the phase voltages
Introduced in R2013b
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text:
Hawai'i P-20 Partnerships for Education
Hawaiʻi P-20 is a statewide partnership led by the Executive Office on Early Learning, the Hawai'i State Department of Education and the University of Hawai'i System works to strengthen the education pipeline from early childhood through postsecondary education and training with data-informed decision making, advocacy, policy coordination and shared action. Our work is focused on high expectations and equitable access, so all students can thrive in school, career and life.
- Increase 3rd Grade English Language Arts and Math Proficiency
- Increase Number of 9th Grade Students on Track to Graduate
- Increase High School Graduates Enrolling Directly into Postsecondary
- Align, Integrate and Sustain College and Career Pathways for All Students
Who We Are
Hawaiʻi P-20 Leadership & Partners
Hawaiʻi P-20 Council Members
Hawai'i P-20 convenes a Hawai'i Hawai'i P-20 Advisory Council which is a group of leaders from education, business, labor, government and community who share a common vision and mission of improving educational outcomes for the state. Through the unique knowledge and perspective of its members, the council provides support, information and guidance to the Hawai'i P-20 leadership and staff, and advocates for statewide educational planning and policy.
Hawaiʻi P-20 is thankful to our many supporters who help us advance our work in strengthening the educational pipeline.


Approval cutoff
The approval cutoff, approval threshold or neutral preference level is an option that may be used with a ranked ballot. It allows the collection of the information necessary to create an Approval ballot. Note that the concept of an approval threshold can also be used in a theoretical sense[1] i.e. if a voter is deciding who to vote for in Approval voting, they may do so by thinking about their ranked preferences and mentally deciding who their least-preferred candidate is that they consider acceptable.
Specifying a neutral preference level indicates that candidates above a certain rank have positive preference, while candidates below that rank have negative preference. Positive preference is equivalent to an approval vote, while negative preference receives no approval vote.
Sometimes candidates at the approval threshold are also considered approved, instead of being treated neutrally. There may be a loose terminological tendency to use "approval cutoff" to indicate the neutral preference level option, and "approval threshold" to indicate this option.
When a method uses a ranked ballot with approval cutoff, the usual procedure is that the neutral preference level is set below all ranked candidates, and above unranked candidates.
A voter can set the approval cutoff above the default level by ranking an extra "Neutral Preference" candidate.
A voter may decide to set the neutral preference level between some ranked candidates in order to indicate that
 - among the non-approved candidates, some are more preferred than others.
 - the ranking of candidates above and below the line is not as important as having a candidate above the line defeat all candidates below the line.
It is also possible to consider fractional approval thresholds i.e. one threshold which gives candidates 100% approval, a second threshold that gives them 90%, etc. Thesr thresholds would be consecutive, so for example, a voter giving their 2nd choice 100% approval but their 4th choice 90% approval would also give their 3rd choice 90% approval. This would allow the collection of rated ballot information.
The approval threshold is usually indicated with a |, which can be visually highlighted by putting space after it. Example:
30: A>B| >C>D>E
This means 30 voters approve both A and B, but not C, D, and E.
Another way to implement the approval threshold in practice would be to let voters mark approval of the candidates directly (similar to Approval voting) alongside their rankings, and then for whichever of the approved candidates the voter ranked lowest, all candidates ranked equal to or higher than that candidate are also considered approved.
A preference-approval is a preference order that combines preference with approval. It can contain either weak or strong preferences. A complete preference-approval is a total preference order.
Rationality RestrictionsEdit
Here are some rationality restrictions on preference-approvals. Suppose there exists two alternatives, x and y:
1) If a given voter prefers x over y, and approves y, then she must approve x.
2) If a given voter prefers x over y, and does not approve x, then she must not approve y.
3) If a given voter is indifferent between x and y, and approves x, then she must approve y.
4) If a given voter is indifferent between x and y, and does not approve x, then she must not approve y.[clarification needed]
Note that these same restrictions can be applied to rated ballots or fractional/weighted approval thresholds i.e. a voter who prefers one candidate more than or equally to another must give the first candidate at least as high a score or degree of support as the second. The KP transform can be used to model this in terms of Approval ballots.
He are some expressions of preference-approvals and translations into natural language:
|x>y: "The voter prefers x over y, but approves neither." |x=y: "The voter is indifferent between x and y, but approves neither."
x|y: "The voter prefers x over y, but only approves x."
x>y|: "The voter prefers x over y, but approves both."
Steven Brams and Peter Fishburn used preference-approvals in their book "Approval Voting" in 1983, though it probably was used before then.
There are 2, 8, 44, 308,... different preference-approvals for 1, 2, 3, 4,... candidates (Sloan's A005649).
Total preference orderEdit
A total preference order is a complete preference-approval. In other words, it is a preference-approval that contains all alternatives competing in a given election.
Sometimes an approval threshold is also indicated using an ">=", for example, A>B| can be written as A>=B.
The logic of the approval threshold is that if a voter approves a candidate, and they prefer some other candidate(s) over the candidate they approved, then it's very likely that voter would also approve of those more-preferred candidates if voting with an Approval ballot, since otherwise they'd be giving more support to a candidate they prefer less than the candidates they'd be disapproving.
An approval threshold can be used in the context of rated methods as well. This can be useful for cardinal PR, since it could be possible to allow, for example, a Green Party voter to approve both Green Party candidates and Democratic candidates, using the approvals to ensure one of those preferred candidates wins, and then score the candidates in such a way as to maximize the odds that of the preferred candidates, one of the Green Party candidates wins.
It is generally assumed that a voter who doesn't indicate an approval threshold at least approves all of their 1st choice candidates. So if they had voted A=B=C>D>E, then A, B, and C would be considered approved.
See Smith//Approval for an example of the use of the approval threshold.
Brams, Steven J. & Fishburn, Peter C. Approval Voting. Cambridge, MA: Birkhäuser, Boston, 1983.
 1. "Score Voting Threshold Strategy". The Center for Election Science. Retrieved 2020-05-09.


Documentation Contribution Guide
Good documentation is crucial for any kind of software. This is especially true for sophisticated software systems such as distributed data processing engines like Apache Hop. The Apache Hop community aims to provide concise, precise, and complete documentation and welcomes any contribution to improve Apache Hop's documentation.
Our documentation is not yet fully implemented
ideas and contributions are very welcome, come discuss with us on our chat.
Types of documentation
Apache Hop has multiple types of documentation, each type is directed to a different audience and covers other use cases. We are maintaining a user manual which contains basic and more advanced instructions on how to use and set up Hop.
User manual
The goal for the user manual is to give a general feeling to how the application works, which transforms and actions are available and a guide on how to use them. A default template is used to explain how transforms and actions work, an Archetype is included in the repository to use as a template.
Technical documentation
Technical documentation contains best practices and general guidelines on how to use Hop in several environments and use cases.
API documentation
This is code documentation and only needed when you want to explore the internals of Hop or contribute code.
Obtain the documentation sources
Depending on the type of documentation the Apache Hop documentation is maintained in the separate git repository as the code base.
User manual and Technical documentation
The easiest way to contribute documentation is to fork Hop's repository on GitHub into your own GitHub account by clicking on the fork button at the top right. If you have no GitHub account, you can create one for free.
Next, clone your fork to your local machine.
git clone/hop-doc.git
The user manual documentation is located in the hop-user-manual/ subdirectory. The technical documentation is located in the hop-technical-documentation/ subdirectory.
API documentation
To contribute to the API and code documentation create a fork of Hop's code repository.
git clone/hop.git
The API documentation is located in the docs/ subdirectory
Before you start start working on the documentation…
… please make sure there exists a Jira issue that corresponds to your contribution. We require all documentation changes to refer to a Jira issue, except for trivial fixes such as typos.
Update or extend the documentation
The Hop documentation is written in Asciidoc. Asciidoc is a lightweight markup language which can be translated to HTML.
In order to update or extend the documentation you have to modify the Asciidoc (.adoc) files. For more information on Asciidoc check out this website.
Still working on a way to validate the user manual and technical documentation in a stand alone mode see HOP-30
Please feel free to ask any questions you have on the developer chat channel.
Documentation translations
We are planning on providing all documentation in multiple languages. We are looking for contributors that want to work with us and make this possible! If you are interested to maintain a translation language feel free to contact us on our chat.
Submit your contribution
Apache Hop accepts documentation contributions through the GitHub as Pull Requests. Pull requests are a simple way of offering a patch by providing a pointer to a code branch that contains the changes.
To prepare and submit a pull request follow these steps.
Commit your changes to your local git repository. The commit message should point to the corresponding Jira issue by starting with [HOP-XXXX].
Push your committed contribution to your fork of the Hop repository at GitHub.
git push origin myBranch
Go to the website of your repository fork (/hop-doc) and use the "Create Pull Request" button to start creating a pull request. Make sure that the base fork is hop master and the head fork selects the branch with your changes. Give the pull request a meaningful description and submit it.
It is also possible to attach a patch to a Jira issue.


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Human Resource Management And The Search For The Happy Workplace
The analysis of the impact of human resource (HR) practices on employee well-being at work is an important yet relatively neglected area of inquiry within the field of human resource management (HRM). In this inaugural address, the main findings from ongoing research based on data from the 1998 British Workplace Employee Relations Survey (WERS98) are presented. These suggest that the HR practices that are adopted by organisations have a significant impact on the well-being of their workforces and that this impact tends, on the whole, to be more positive than negative. The effects, however, are more complex than is normally assumed in the literature. In particular, preliminary results indicate that the constellation of HR practices that help to maximise employee well-being (i.e. that make for happy workplaces), are not necessarily the same as those that make up the type of 'High Performance Work Systems' commonly identified in the literature. This has important theoretical, policy and ethical implications for the field of HRM. These are discussed along with important directions for future research.
|Keywords||HR, HRM, employee well-being, happy workplaces, human resource management, human resource ractices, job satisfaction, job stress|
|Sponsor||Erasmus University Rotterdam. Address given in shortened form at the occasion of accepting the appointment as Professor on the Rotating Chair for Research in Organisation and Management in the Faculty of Economics, on behalf of the "Vereniging Trustfonds Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam" with the teaching and research commitment 'Organizing and Human Resource Management' on Thursday, January 15, 2004|
|Series||ERIM Inaugural Address Series Research in Management|
Peccei, R.E. (2004, January 15). Human Resource Management And The Search For The Happy Workplace. ERIM Inaugural Address Series Research in Management. Retrieved from _URL_


Victoria amazonica
Victoria amazonica. Photo: Gunvor Larsson
The Victoria house was inaugurated in 1900 and the purpose was, like in many gardens at the time, to cultivate and put on display the fantastic, giant water lily, Victoria. It is designed in the best possible way to meet the water lily's demands for light, heat and space. Today, the house is classified as a historic building and it is unique in its kind, since similar conservatories in Europe have disappeared for various reasons.
The visitor is greeted by rich and moist vegetation. In the pond dominating the conservatory, the giant water lily's stunning leaves are spreading with a diameter reaching 2.6 meters (8.5 feet). When darkness falls, the big, gorgeous flowers unfold, though often it is possible to watch it flowering already in the afternoon. Other tropical water lilies are constantly in bloom, putting on a show of various colours above the surface of the water.
Stretching over the pond are branches covered with epiphytes (plants living on other plants without drawing nutriment from them) like bromeliads, ferns, orchids and cacti. Here you will also find utility plants like rice, sugar cane, papyrus and tropical cucumbers.


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Bop Concept
The Base of the Pyramid (BoP) is a demographic term that covers the approximately four and a half billion people who live on less than USD $8 per day at the base of the global economic pyramid. Companies have traditionally not considered this group as a potential market because of the low income of the households. As a result, income poor communities often lack competition, which leads to a poverty penalty where poor people often overpay for goods and services of low quality. However, by applying disruptive, new technologies and creating more inclusive business models, it is possible to generate innovative new commercial opportunities with tremendous potential to both scale laterally as well as "trickle up" to the top.


Creating a comfortable ambience in your interiors can be tricky at times, but if you have a focal point that balances out all the surrounding decorative elements, you are set. With ouRead morer collection of motifs from the water wallpaper assortment, you can devise a beautifully evened out aesthetic. Water is not only the most important element in nature, but also has long been considered to have healing and therapeutic properties. Traditional medicine claims that the element of water is responsible for creating physical harmony within the body. Harness these beneficial powers by choosing a water wallpaper for your residential, recreational or even a corporate room. You can also adjust your selected water wallpaper to suit your existing interior design and any colour schemes you might have.
The case for water wallpaper
It is a well-known fact that without water, a human being would not be able to last more than a minimum of two days. Water is involved in every function of the body, such as digestion, circulation and regulation of body temperature. As such, bodies of water play a vital role in sustaining healthy communities and economies. They provide connections across the landscape for people, plants and animals, which you will also see in water wallpaper. Besides supporting wildlife alongside a wide range of industries, rivers and wetlands have massive significance to the cultures of many people. As a vital source of food, medicine and materials for shelter, clothing and tools, water is the foundation upon which societies are built. This means that your wallpaper is not just beautiful to look at, it also represents a fundamental building stone of humanity and the source of life. You will be able to appreciate more, while having a water wallpaper as the visual highlight in your home or office.
A colourful world
We all know that colours affect us in different ways. Not only can they be an indicator of what mood you are in, but they can evoke the mood itself by simply appearing or being there. Different tones and hues in water wallpaper can do the same for you. If you like to keep it chill and introspective, maybe you can use something like Star Dunes. This water wallpaper can look great in any common room, such as the living room at home or even the break room at the office. It exudes a sense of calm and peace, something that is often associated with the colour blue. This water wallpaper has exactly the right amount of that coupled with a simple but impactful design. If you want something more lively, there is also the alternative in the form of Parabolic Dunes. Even though similar in design, the colour of the latter water wallpaper can create a different sort of vibe.
Water wallpaper and its cohorts
As mentioned earlier, water is a great source of connection between different species and beings. Bodies of water provide avenues of interaction for humans and animals alike. Bring a touch of nature into your space with water wallpaper. Tangled Jungle II - Monochrome is a beautifully elegant example of this. This desaturated water wallpaper can furthermore provide a touch of class onto your interiors. Imagine this beauty in your living room or even the board room at the office. Birds in Beautiful Scenery is another water wallpaper that combines the importance of water with the allure of the creatures it sustains. All these water wallpapers would also surely delight the young ones. The gorgeous designs and affable colour combinations would not look out of place in a kid's bedroom, study space, or even the common play room.
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text:
(SOLVED) What is the difference between President Obama's net worth and the mean net worth of all members of the Executive Branch?
Type of Paper: Question-Answer
Academic Level: Undergrad. (yrs 3-4)
Paper Format: APA
Obama's Net Worth As of this writing, Barack Obama is President of the United States and he has a net worth of $3, 670, 505. The 17 members of the Executive Branch have a mean net worth of $4, 939, 455 with a standard deviation of $7, 775, 948 (based on data from opensecrets.org). What is the difference between President Obama's net worth and the mean net worth of all members of the Executive Branch? How many standard deviations is that (the difference found in part (a))? Convert President Obama's net worth to a z score. If we consider "usual" amounts of net worth to be those that convert to 2 scores between - 2 and 2, is President Obama's net worth usual or unusual?
Obama = _PHONE_
EB = _PHONE_, sd = _PHONE_
a) The difference is _PHONE_ -_PHONE_ =-_PHONE_
b) as the Sd is _PHONE_, and the difference is _PHONE_,where SD > Difference
so it lies within 1 standard deviation
c) We know the Z score formula is
Z = X- Mean /SD = (_PHONE_ - _PHONE_ )/_PHONE_ = -0.1631
d)as this z value of -0.1631 lies between -2 and 2, hence the value is normal and usual


This video contains sets of commands and codes writing that enable a potentiometer to change the rate of blinking of LED in arduino uno board using '123d circuits' online open platform for circuit making, program compiling and simulation of circuit.
Step 1: Basic Introduction to the Video Tutorial and the Goal of This Tutorial.
This tutorial deals with writing an arduino program for controlling the rate of blinking of an LED by installing a potentiometer in arduino microcontroller.Also this video displays the connection of the componenets to be used to integrate the circuit on arduino uno board and also on how to simulate the circuit.
Step 2: Go to Create the Circuit on Online Platform and Write the Corresponding Arduino Program.
In this video we're using an online simulation platform namely "123d circuits",where one will require to follow the steps as shown in the video to form the physical integration of the circuit with the given peripheries.
Step 3: Physical Connection to Create the Circuit.
Standard potentiometer consists three terminals - one for supply input voltage as shown in this video, terminal 1 to be connected to +5 volt,one to be grounded as for terminal 3 is concerned and wiper terminal to be connected to anode terminal of the LED and finally cathode terminal of LED to be grounded to make the connection complete to be run.
Step 4: Writing Codes for the Circuit on 'code Editor'of the Given Platform to Simulate the Circuit.
The program writing steps involve :
1) assigning input viz potentiometer pot pin as input and LED pin as output as the corresponding port number on micro controller board.
2) declaring led pin as output with the conventional syntax used in arduino program such as "pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);"
3)Implementing loop function to set high output state on led pin to illuminate the LED and turn LED off by cutting off the output signal to the led pin by setting over a delay function in between the 'ON' and 'OFF' state.This delay interval is determined by potentiometer's characteristic of reading analog values from 0-1024 digital pulse, so that it can control the rate of blinking of LED/LEDs.
4) finally simulate the circuit by clicking 'Upload and Run' button.
Nice tutorial
About This Instructable
More by videohelp4u:How to create and register bower package Basic electronics circuit schematic for full-wave bridge rectifier with diodes. How to switch higher current load that quickly turns on and off LED using MOSFET in arduino.
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The end of the transitional period is coming to an end, and the effects of Brexit are almost upon the food industry. Leaving the EU has significant disruptive potential with labour shortages and an increased cost in ingredient sourcing likely to have an impact on the UK food supply chain.
The food sector is unprepared for even a soft Brexit. Food industry experts continue to show concern as a soft Brexit still looks uncertain, with negotiation continuing due to a lack of compromise from either side.
If a hard Brexit occurs, Britain will be considered a third country, which will mean severe trade barriers for the food industry as current trade deals expire in January 2021.
At present, British food exports to the EU make up more than 70% of our total food exports, totalling £18bn per year. This equates to 3.2bn litres of products shipped out to the EU each year.
UK farmers currently receive 3.1bn Euro in payments from the EU CAP scheme and have access to a further 5.2bn Euro pot of funding for rural development schemes. These two payments account for 55% of our farmer's income.
Short term impact
The short term impact of Brexit on the food industry will result in food prices going up. If a soft Brexit and a trade deal do not come to fruition, then export fees will change to World Trade Organisation rates. A few of the most significant of these include cheddar cheese with a 57% rate and butter with a 48% rate. The Brexit impact on fees to the food industry is expected to result in £500m extra costs.
A second short term impact will be felt because of the lower value of the pound. This will raise the cost of raw materials. Unfortunately, switching to local supplies will not change the course of heading towards higher purchasing prices. Over the next 12 months, the rise in raw materials' costs will be passed on to the consumer, and unprofitable items might disappear from supermarket shelves.
Consumer confidence is another short term concern of Brexit. However, the food industry might be somewhat reassured with past trends showing that spending during downturns will remain broadly the same. Shopping habits may change, and food manufacturers that can innovate may benefit from Brexit.
Long term impact
A Brexit impact that may be felt by the food industry over the long term is how food producers access labour under new constrictions of freedom of movement. This will affect the stability of factories.
Currently, one-third of food manufacturing workers and 98% of seasonal workers are from the EU. Relying on British workers would impact wage bills and ultimately result in food price inflation.
Pre-Brexit, the food industry, has a non-UK national workforce of 130,000 people. 25% of this workforce is expected to be lost in a market that already has a person skills gap of 100,000. The pound's falling value causes the gap, and so far, 84% of workers from Romania and Bulgaria have left the UK and now work elsewhere.
There are many unknowns, including how the government will support the food industry as subsidies are lost, regulations change, and foreign investment declines. There has been growth in selling produce to non-EU countries, which is growing at twice previous rates. However, extreme weather conditions continue to impact yields and contribute to a rise in bread and cereal price. As prices rise, healthy food may be considered too expensive, which might affect the nation's health.
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text:
The Alternative Health Benefits of Tuning Fork Therapy
Today many people are learning about the tremendous benefits associated with alternative health practices. There are now physicians who embrace alternative health practices and advise patients to consider their benefits. One of them many beneficial alternative health practices is Tuning Fork Therapy.
A tuning fork is a long metal object that has a handle with two long sides that form a U-shape. The U-shaped portions of the tuning fork are called the tines. They are usually constructed with steel or aluminum and when they're hit on an object they vibrate and create a certain pitch. The length of a tuning fork's tines will determine the level of pitch it produces.
Using a tuning fork for therapy consists of hitting it and having it vibrate. It is then put next to a spot on the body that needs treatment. There is a mineral tuning fork that can be used to stimulate the minerals in a person's body. There are also cellulite reduction tuning forks that have been proven to decrease cellulite. A crystal resonator tuning fork can increase the therapeutic strength of crystals with its vibration. A variety of tuning forks can be used for many different types of therapy.
In an article by Alan Sales called "Tuning Forks for Healing Therapy" he explains some of the health benefits of using tuning forks for therapy.
"In the case of tuning fork therapy a beneficial process of resonance occurs. This means that if the frequency measured in vibrations per second (vps) is applied by focusing the sound generated by tuning forks on various parts of the body, it can help to establish a new pattern of balance, erasing the detrimental patterns caused by the negative resonance pattern of ill health."
The article also sites documented cases of people who experienced healing as a result of using tuning forks for therapy.
To see the variety of tuning forks utilized during therapy and learn about the many health benefits contact Tools for Wellness.


A user account is a collection of information that tells Windows which files and folders you can access, what changes you can make to the computer, and your personal preferences, such as your desktop background or screen saver. User accounts let you share a computer with several people, while having your own files and settings. Each person accesses his or her user account with a user name and password.
 - Standard accounts are for everyday computing.
 - Administrator accounts provide the most control over a computer, and should only be used when necessary.
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text:
(Leaves; seed pods; flower. Photos E. Cousins)
Running Postman is a common, sun-loving ground cover around Cape Jervis. They like sandy soil, and are drought tolerant plants, so look for them off Flinders Drive, towards the Ferry Terminal. The wiry stems spread along the ground for up to 1.5 metres. Leaves occur in threes, and have wavy edges. The lovely red flowers occur singly or in pairs, in spring. Note the yellow spot at the centre. The seed pods are like long pea pods, but are dark red. They can be up to 5 cm long.
Follow link to download the flyer PLANT OF THE MONTH february_kennedia


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Updated 01/09/2013 07:40 AM
Biologists begin crow hazing
Crow hazing is underway in Watertown. Wildlife biologists from Loomacres Wildlife Management are trying break up thousands of crows that are roosting in the city. YNN's Carmella Mataloni was at the hazing and tells us how biologists are trying to clear out the problem.
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WATERTOWN, N.Y. -- Pyrotechnics and lasers are just some of the tools biologists are using to try and clear out an ongoing crow problem within the city.
"When one bird finds an advantage, they all start trying to take advantage," said Wildlife Biologist, Cody Baciuska.
Cody Baciuska is the Wildlife Biologist conducting the hazing. He says with increasing temperatures in urban environments, a low predator rate and a section of habitat that attracts the crows, makes the perfect home.
"During the winter months is when they look for these advantages to monopolize to help them get through the winter," said Baciuska.
For weeks an estimated 30,000 crows have been found in various nesting spots.
Wildlife officials say with their techniques, they hope to disrupt many of the roosting patterns.
Biologists who are working on the crow hazing say that here by the river is one of the most problematic areas because of all the trees it gives crows more places to roost.
"Our efforts are going to reduce the number of them and split the flocks up. They are only a really big problem when they are forming the really large flocks," said Baciuska.
Wildlife officials hope these techniques will eventually cut the amount of crows flocking to the city in half.
Crow hazing will continue tomorrow from dusk until dawn to make sure the crows won't come back after they've been scared off.