Ancient farming techniques could help mitigate climate change
Ancient farming techniques could help mitigate climate change
Geographically defined products such as Parma ham help to assess the social and cultural value of a landscape. Credit: Pxhere/_PHONE_, licensed under CC0 Creative Commons
High technology is being deployed to uncover long-forgotten irrigation systems and other features concealed in landscapes that farmers developed hundreds of years ago to nurture their land.
By studying landscapes of the past and how they're used today, scientists can draw on Europe's cultural heritage to help tackle challenges such as climate change and rural exodus.
Professor José María Martín Civantos, of the department of medieval history at the University of Grenada, Spain, sees lessons for today in the cultural history of mountainous Mediterranean landscapes in Spain, Italy and Albania, which he and his collaborators studied in a project called MEMOLA.
Centuries ago, farmers and in southern Europe adapted to become experts in water, soils, crops and animal management to keep their lands fertile and productive. These practices helped rural communities withstand periodic stresses such as drought and food scarcity.
'In the race for modernisation, intensification of production and competitiveness, we have neglected, forgotten or even (discarded) all that knowledge, all that heritage, all that richness,' said Prof. Martín Civantos.
The researchers conducted surveys using a laser scanning technique called LIDAR and created 3-D maps of sophisticated irrigation systems dating back more than a thousand years. These were used for channelling water from areas of surplus to areas of demand.
The team combined the maps with a range of other techniques and disciplines, including ethnography, hydrology, archaeology, agronomy, botany, and soil science, to understand the co-evolution of the with the people who live there.
They even worked with who used the hugely popular video game Minecraft to create interactive 3-D worlds demonstrating culturally important.
Sowing water
Among the principles MEMOLA researchers identified was channelling water from mountain peaks to areas where it can be used to recharge depleted aquifers. 'Sowing' water in good times and 'harvesting' it when it is most needed, is a sophisticated technique for dealing with environmental stress.
'This is a most modern concept for the management of water in a river basin, but it is something that has been done in some communities for centuries,' said Prof. Martín Civantos.
Ideas such as these can contribute materially to policies which improve sustainability and aid in mitigating the effects of climate change.
He sees room for further research to revive interest in the cultural history of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in Spain as well as in northern Italy and Sicily. Some features that fell into disuse fairly recently could benefit from restoration while other, older features not only provide lessons, but can also contribute to contemporary life through culture, education or tourism.
'It is really worthwhile to preserve and promote (this ), to ensure best practices in our relationship with the environment, but also in our social relationships, in the way that our natural resources and territories are managed,' he said.
It's not only that can threaten Europe's landscapes—rural exodus and urbanisation can also challenge their preservation. But scientists are finding new ways of gathering information about the significant aspects of a particular landscape.
Researchers on the HERCULES project tapped in to social media and other tools to populate incomplete data sets, piecing together a more complete picture of how people in specific communities value particular landscapes – not only for ecological value, but also cultural value.
Using photo sharing platforms such as Flickr and the now defunct Panoramio, they were able to assess the density of contributions of photographs of a particular landscape, providing an indicator of the social value being attached to it.
'Among the new methods were online mapping tools, where local people were able to show us places and parts of the landscape that were important to them for particular reasons,' said Dr. Tobias Plieninger, now of the University of Göttingen and University of Kassel in Germany, but who coordinated the project while at the University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
The researchers were also able to use the number of traditional food products or geographically defined products as another indicator of the cultural and social value that people attach to particular regions.
'Something such as Parma ham can be an indicator of the cultural importance that an agricultural landscape can have,' Dr. Plieninger said. 'Combining these with farm-level and other indicators can be used to identify and characterise different types of cultural landscapes in Europe.'
Sustainable development
This is a crucial step in assessing how to preserve European landscapes of significant cultural, historical and archaeological value at local, national and pan-European scales. It can also contribute to policies in areas such as agriculture or biodiversity as part of an integrated landscape management approach, which can contribute to achieving the UN's sustainable development goals by taking into account the multiple uses of landscapes.
'Landscapes do matter – they host multiple societal values,' Dr. Plieninger said. 'And these cultural values have a broad set of meanings. Some of these are more tangible, such as a site being for recreational use. Others provide links to cultural heritage, or even nature conservation, agriculture or forestry.'
HERCULES put its findings into action through a knowledge hub for good landscape practice, capitalising on the crowdsourcing tools developed to provide a toolkit for landscape management. By combining the fruits of its multidisciplinary approach, this takes into account the natural environment, the human processes that co-produced it, and the human wellbeing that depends on it.
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Recommendations for secure and sustainable European cultural landscapes
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I want to select an imported object and move it to a specific location. The object is imported in an earlier part of the script. After the import i move it with the following part of the script.
import bpy
# Select object i want to move
bpy.data.objects["Cube"].select = True
# Move Origin to geometry and move object to location
bpy.context.object.location[0] = 0
bpy.context.object.location[1] = 0
bpy.context.object.location[2] = 0
bpy.context.object.rotation_euler[0] = 0
bpy.context.object.rotation_euler[1] = 0
bpy.context.object.rotation_euler[2] = 0
When the script is on position bpy.context.object.location[0] = 0 console gives following error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'location'
I understand the message, that my Cube has no location attributes. But he must have them. When i select him with right mouse and type bpy.context.object.location[0] = 0, no error is given and he moves to the position i want.
Do i have an error in the selection-part of my script? How can i solve this?
 - 4
 $\begingroup$ To set the context object use context.scene.objects.active = obj setting the select property only makes it one of context.selected_objects. The error was occurring because context.object is None $\endgroup$ – batFINGER Dec 3 '15 at 11:30
When you select multiple objects one of them is highlighted in a lighter colour. This "lighter" object is known as the active object and is the object that bpy.context.object refers to. This active object may be just one of many selected objects that is listed in bpy.context.selected_objects.
When manipulating objects using python the active object can be left undefined or no longer pointing to a valid object. In this situation you will get the 'NoneType' object error which is saying that the variable you used (bpy.context.object) is a NoneType or null and non existent object so has no location attribute (or any other attributes).
Using bpy.context.object and bpy.context.selected_objects are convenience properties that allows a script to dynamically work with the currently selected objects and allow it to differentiate the one active object. An example is the copy attributes addon which can take a property from the active object and apply it to the rest of the selected objects.
If you know the name of the object you want your script to work on then accessing it through bpy.data.objects['name'] will reliably refer to that object every time. If you want to use an operator that works on the active object, then you can set the active object with bpy.context.scene.objects.active = bpy.data.objects['name']
Quick answer from the future: You are using the location as a list or collection [x,y,z], but it's not it's a Vector((x,y,z)) in the console for some reason obj.location[0] = something works, but it's a risky approach. Try this instead:
location = Vector((1,2,3))
obj.location = location
Your Answer


text: The purpose of this research was to explore the attachment styles of therapists and to investigate if various attachment styles impact the therapeutic alliance and outcome. As this report was based on therapist self-reported attachment styles it was essential that participants had an awareness of their own attachment style. The participants chosen were experienced psychotherapists who had knowledge of attachment theory. This criteria allowed for an indepth exploration of the research question. A qualitative approach was used for this report where five semi structured interviews were conducted. Questions were designed in order to create as open an exploration as possible. The researcher transcribed the interviews verbatim and used thematic analysis to analyse the data. The findings were compared to existing literature and discussed. The overall findings obtained facilitated the researcher in drawing a conclusion. The findings established that attachment theory was useful and relevant in the field of psychotherapy. Participants reported that they used it as a guide to discover how clients interact in relationships and their world. This was then used as an indication as to how they may interact in the therapeutic relationship. It was found that therapist attachment styles impacted the therapeutic alliance and outcome both positively and negatively. The findings also showed that both insecurely and securely attached therapists reported having both a positive and a negative therapeutic alliance and outcome at some point in their work. This finding differed to literature and other studies conducted in this area. The findings also showed that the activation of therapist attachment styles in the therapeutic relationship and client attachment styles had contributed both negatively and positively to the alliance and outcome. Therefore the findings reflected that therapist attachment styles contribute significantly in shaping the therapeutic alliance and outcome. One limitation of this study was a lack of therapist's knowledge of attachment theory and their attachment styles which impacted recruitment of participants for interviews. However the researcher did find that relatively little research has been conducted in this area and that it requires further investigation.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Intrinsic properties are properties of an object that could exist in the object even if it were the only thing in the universe.
Mass, for example, is an intrinsic property. An object's mass does not change based on what is sitting next to it, or who is looking at it. Other intrinsic properties may include, depending on your exact definitions, things like complexity, roundness (an intrinsic property of circles), evil (the devil) and goodness (God), and existence (me). In some cases, it may also include things like 'value', for example, a human life may be said to have intrinsic value, apart from whatever extrinsic value it may also produce.
Weight, on the other hand, is an extrinsic property -- weight needs gravity, and does depend on what is sitting next to it (e.g. the moon or the Earth or the sun).
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text:
TAKE A MUSLIM TO LUNCH
We all know that 99.9% of Muslims are peaceful, law-abiding citizens that live in our communities. They are surgeons, doctors, nurses, teachers, dentists, scientists, lab technicians and provide other services.
Reach out to a Muslim individual or family and make a difference. I suggest that we can do any of the following:
– take a Muslim to lunch,
-invite a Muslim child to your child's birthday party,
-speak to Muslim parents after school
-invite an Imman to speak at your church or other function
-invite an Imman to speak at schools
-invite a Muslim family to dinner (avoid alcohol/pork)
-drop a kindly written card in a mail box
-put a bumper sticker on your car
History tends to repeat itself – the good and the ugly!
When this hateful anti-Muslim rhetoric is seen on television, we need to speak with our children. I am thinking of how Jews must have felt in Nazi Germany when German citizens turned against them. "Let there be Peace on Earth and Let it Begin with Me." If you are a LGBTI person, you or someone you know has experienced hatred just on the fact that you were born gay or transgendered. We are born into religious families. Be a beacon of peace, tolerance and hope.


text:
The taxonomy and seasonal population dynamics of some Magela Creek flood plain microcrustaceans (Cladocera and Copepoda)
Technical Memorandum 18
Supervising Scientist, 1986
ISBN 0 644 01349 4
- The taxonomy and seasonal population dynamics of some Magela Creek flood plain microcrustaceans (Cladocera and Copepoda) (PDF 1398 KB)
About the report
Six Magela Creek floodplain billabongs were sampled between September 1981 and January 1983 to determine the seasonal population dynamics of littoral and limnetic microcrustaceans. Thirty-seven cladoceran and four copepod species were identified amongst littoral weedbeds and several unidentified harpacticoid copepods and ostracods were also found. By comparison only 6 cladoceran and 4 copepod species were found in limnetic areas.
Littoral species generally attained their highest densities during the mid-Wet to Early-dry seasons. The number of open water species present in samples generally increased with the progression of the Dry season. Towards the end of the Dry season, a simplification of the limnetic species assemblage occurred in some billabongs, perhaps in response to adverse changes in water quality.
A guide to the cladoceran and copepod species found so far in the area is provided.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
is a brand of different flavour sweets
, which have a hole in the centre. The peppermint
flavoured polo was first manufactured in the United Kingdom
in 1948. The name 'Polo' is reportedly from the word 'Polar' and is to symbolize the cool and fresh feeling one gets from sucking a Polo.
Polo mints were introduced by Rowntree in 1948, and Polo fruits followed soon after.
Polo is still Britain's number one mint brand with approximately 20 million mints produced every day and an average of one hundred and fifty Polos eaten every second.
Over the years Rowntree and Nestlé
have come up with variations of the Original Polo mint. Some of these have been successes, whereas others have flopped. However, none have been as successful as the Original Polo mint.
- Spearmint: These Polos have a strong spearmint flavour and aroma. The original design of the sweets had turquoise flecks on them, however now they are simply clear white to reduce E numbers.
- Fruit: These Polos are fruit flavored and come in several flavours, all in one tube. These Polos are not mints but boiled fruits. Flavours included are strawberry, blackberry, orange, lemon, and lime.
- Polo Gummies: Fruit-flavoured soft gummy sweets in the polo shape.
- Sugar free: This is the sugar free version of the Original Polo containing sorbitol
- Polo Holes: Nestlé experimented with this variation for a while. It was the original Polo flavour in the shape of the hole from the middle of the sweet.
- Mini Strong Polos: These were tiny Polos (about 1 cm in diameter) with a strong minty flavour. They were packaged in a box shaped like a Polo Mint. They were also available in a not so successful orange flavour which is no longer available
- Smoothies: These creamy sweets came in flavours such as blackcurrant, sunshine fruits and strawberry.
- Citrus: Lemon flavoured Polos
- Butter Mint Polos: These were butter mint flavoured
- Ice: These flavour Polos came in a shiny blue wrapper, and had a cooler mint taste.
- Cinnamon flavoured Polos
- Paan flavoured Polos (Previously available in India)
- Mint O Fruit: (available in Indonesia). These come in the following flavours: Raspberry Mint, Blackcurrant Mint, Peppermint, Lime Mint and Cherry Mint. These polos come with the following slogan "Think Plong! Masih Ada Bolong!" These are also sold in the UK in some Poundland stores.
Prior to this Rowntree had already experimented with different polos in the 1980s. The boiled fruit ones were always available but they briefly made:
- Lemon: Similar to the citrus flavour that Nestlé put out around 10 years later, but not identical.
- Orange: Similar to the lemon, but in an orange packet.
A Polo is approximately 1.9cm in diameter, 0.4cm deep and has a 0.8cm wide hole. The original Polo is white in colour with a hole in the middle, and the word 'POLO' embossed twice on one side around the ring, hence the popular slogan The Mint with the Hole
Ingredient of the main variety include: sugar, glucose syrup, modified starch, stearic acid (of vegetable origin), lubricant(570) and mint oils.
Packing and look
Polos are found in all major and minor newsagents, sweet shops, and supermarkets. They are usually sold separately in tubes that are about 10cm tall containing 25 Polos, but can be found in multi-packs ranging from 3 to 8. The tube of Polos is tightly wrapped with silver foil backed plastic. A green and blue paper wrapper, with the word 'POLO', binds the foil wrapper. The Os in 'Polo' are the images of the sweet. For the spearmint flavour, the paper wrapper is a darker green also the Extra Strong flavour is in a black paper wrapper.
In 1994 when the new Trade Marks Act was introduced in UK, Nestlé applied to register the shape of the Polo mint. The application featured a white, annular mint without any lettering. This application however was opposed by Kraft Food, the current owner of Life Savers
, and Mars UK because of the lack of distinctive character of the mint in question. Nestlé's application was allowed to proceed if it agreed to narrow the description of the mint i.e. the dimensions of the mint were limited to the standard dimensions of the Polo mint and that it was limited to 'mint flavoured compressed confectionery'.
Kraft Foods and Swizzels Matlow (owner of British Navy Sweets) have made similar applications for annular sweets bearing the mark LIFESAVERS or NAVY. Nestle has tried to oppose these trademark applications but have failed as the court ruled that customers would be able to distinguish between a Polo, a Lifesaver and a British Navy mint as all of them have their marks boldly and prominently embossed on the mint.
- "Polo, the mint with the hole"
- "The Mint,The Hole Mint and Nothing But The Mint!"
- "Holy Moly Minty!"
- "HOLE-Y REFRESHING"
- "Life's a Hole Lot Cooler!"
- "People Like Polo!"
Media & Entertainment
- Polo mints are mentioned in the song "Low Budget" by The Kinks. "We're all on our uppers were all going skint I used to smoke cigars but now I suck polo mints".
- The Polo mints are an important visual theme throughout the BBC Three comedy television programme The Mighty Boosh. They can be seen on many of the costumes and props (as well as in the opening graphics), and are directly referenced to on several occasions, most notably during the Hitcher's song ("creeping in your room in the dead of night / with my solo Polo vision" - the character of the Hitcher has a big Polo over one of his eyes.).
- A recent advertisement claims that Polos are now 13.063% mintier.
- Polo mint has become rhyming slang for skint(a slang term meaning to have no money) and for bint(slang for "woman").
Other UK Sweets/mints/Candy


The best method for file sever HA
File server cluster vs. network load balanced vs. DFS. What is the best method for file server HA?
Like so many other good technical questions, the answer to this one is "it depends."
It depends on how often your data is updated and how well those updates can be shared among the file servers. With clustered file servers, your disks, and therefore your data, are shared between the servers, and if one server's data gets updated, the other server's gets updated at the same time. With the network load balanced approach, data must be replicated between multiple servers. If your data changes a lot, then this adds some serious complexity as you attempt to keep the data in sync. If you lose a server while the data is out of sync, your users will likely see corrupted data. Is the process that keeps the servers in sync a single point of failure? What happens if it fails? Network load balancing is an excellent approach if data is relatively static, and is commonly used for read-mostly Web servers.
The other factor to consider is load. Can a single server handle the load that will be placed on it? If you need to distribute the load among several machines in parallel, then clustering will probably not do the job, and you'll need to look at network load balancing.
I hope this helps.
Evan L. Marcus
This was first published in July 2002
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The comparison makes the difference in budget! Is it true or not?
Well, it is true and that's why most of the passengers complete the task of Farecompare because with this they will be able to get the best airfare on the reservations. When it comes to crack those deals that can reduce the burden of your heavy budget then Fare Compare is not just a task for you but it is one more step to crack the superb flight booking. Fare meters on airline ticket booking always look higher for beginners because they don't know about the worthy ideas to save money on the reservations. Here we are going to disclose the information about every single component of the "Fare Compare" process for the passengers.
What is Fare Compare?
Fare comparison is the process when a passenger compares the fare for flight booking for a particular destination according to their travel requirement. It is the mandatory process for all those passengers who are thinking to save money on the reservations goals. Fare Compare is not a difficult task for you if you know some simple tips and tricks to do this. You need to know about the fact that passengers who understand the importance of this term during the travel booking or management are always able to find them quite effective deals as per their budget requirement.
Why it is Important For You?
Why it is Important For You?
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Process of Fare Compare Step by Step:
Process of Fare Compare Step by Step
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2). Consider a Cheap Tickets portal, where you can compare the price for the fare. Yes, it may also the flight booking portal or flight price search engine for this task and many amazing global flight comparison portals are available for the passengers on the World Wide Web.
3). Fare compare can't do in few minutes or few steps. You need to enter the destination name and also be flexible about the travel dates while searching five times or even 10 times. Make a proper note about the airfare available on the different dates for your destination. It will help you to manage the flight booking at a cheap cost.
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Therefore, Fare Compare is the crucial aspect in the travel booking for the passengers and they can't ignore this task when they are thinking to save more and more on the reservations. You can also start making the travel booking at the lowest cost for the affordable budget by going for a more comprehensive manner for the fare compare stuff. It will help you to make sure the easy and economical booking.


text:
Communities across Africa are fighting to protect their culture, lands, and resources. But despite their peaceful efforts, they continue to face violence and abuse. Their struggles include abduction, imprisonment, torture, and death.
To document and raise awareness about such realities, and build resilience to such threats some communities have turned to video for change. And although the use of such methodologies has been growing, further strengthening and collaboration are needed to realize its true potential.
To address this, InsightShare, with the support of EngageMedia, Video Volunteers, and Witness, is hosting the 2019 Video4Change Grassroots Gathering outside CapeTown, South Africa. This October, grassroots communities, African video practitioners, and Video4Change Network trainers and facilitators will work together to:
- Facilitate discussions that build and strengthen alliances, learning from each other's contexts, experiences, and expertise
- Foster an understanding of human rights, land rights, and climate change as shared issues that are best approached in a collaborative, co-creative way
- Integrate traditional and cultural approaches with Video4Change tools and strategies, combining the best aspects of both to come up with the optimal framework
- Design practical plans to address the impacts of climate change and the environmental crisis
The event intends to support the launch of the Pan-African Living Cultures Alliance (PALCA). An indigenous-led initiative, PALCA aims to holistically address the protection of indigenous natural and cultural resources across Africa using Video4Change approaches such as Participatory Video and the Rights-Based Approach.
The participants will learn from an extensive roster of proven models and methodologies:
- Video Volunteers' Correspondents Network
- InsightShare's participatory video model
- WITNESS' video advocacy and video as evidence
- InformAction and Cartara's use of community screenings, documenting of Human Rights Abuse, digital security, and digital learning


text:
Elastic laser spans the spectrum
May 16, 2001
A laser that changes colour when it stretches has been developed by a team of scientists from Germany and the US. Heino Finkelmann of Albert-Ludwigs University in Freiburg, Germany, and co-workers based the device on a liquid crystal with a spiral structure that behaves like a spring. It emits green light in its unstressed state, but this shifts to red when the spring is stretched (H Finkelmann et al 2001 Advanced Materials at press). The tunable laser could be invaluable in the communications industry to send light of different wavelengths through fibre optic cables.
All of the molecules in one plane of a so-called cholesteric liquid crystal are aligned, and the molecules in each successive plane are rotated slightly with respect to those in the previous plane. This creates a series of parallel helices within the liquid crystal. Over a certain length of the helix, the molecules gradually turn through a full circle - this distance is known as the pitch.
When light shines into the liquid crystal along the axis of the helixes, the light in a short frequency range - with a central wavelength exactly equal to the pitch length - is strongly reflected. This effect can be exploited to make a laser by adding a fluorescent dye to the liquid crystal. The dye is chosen such that the peak in its emission coincides with the wavelength reflected by the liquid crystal. When a laser stimulates this structure, the emission profile is modified and the dye emits laser light at the wavelengths that correspond to the edges of the'reflection band'.
Finkelmann's team realised that this effect could be controlled by adding the dye to a type of highly uniform elastic liquid crystal known as a cholesteric liquid single crystal elastomer, and exciting the system with a laser. When elongated, they found that the laser light shifted from green to red, with a wavelength spread of just 0.3 nanometres. Most lasers have mirrors that form an optical cavity in which the light is amplified, but in the elastic laser the liquid crystal itself behaves as a 'distributed' cavity in which the laser light is continually internally reflected.


Gymnastics Moves [All Essential Skills For Both Beginners and Pros]
Different Gymnastic Moves
We all are fascinated by how professional gymnasts execute all those routines during exhibition and competition events. Some of us might wonder how much a gymnast has to master before they get to perform live with an audience.
Whether you're an aspiring gymnast or not, we can't help but be curious about the gymnastics moves that they perform gracefully. This article is all about the basic and complicated gymnastic movements that you need to know whether you're a gymnast aspirant or just a supportive fan.
As a beginner gymnast, the newbies are required to take it slow and start with the basics. It's the key to be able to perform complicated routines in the future. Here are the 10 basic gymnastics moves that a beginner has to master:
1. Split Leap
The move is quite similar to how a gazelle or cheetah leaps with graceful flexibility. It's a combination of a full split and a leap at the same time. As a practice, the athlete can do it once, and when mastered, the split leap can be performed multiple times.
2. Tap Swing on Bars
Here athletes have to do a perfect swing on an uneven bar. The technique is done by quickly letting go and then gripping the bar back again.
3. Roundoff
It's similar to regular cartwheels are being performed. But this move is done by executing a half-rotation with a quick pause in a handstand position, then gracefully landing onto a standing position on the floor exercise mat.
4. Turn on One Foot
This move is about turning like a ballerina but less pointy. The move maximizes the use of the floor and beams of the exercise mat.
5. Handstand
By using the strength of the core, the athlete performs this move by standing upright with hands on the floor, carrying all the weight of the body. The back and the legs must be straight with the toes pointing way up in the air. Balancing is the key to this move.
6. Forward Roll
This is the most straightforward move in gymnastics, where a forward tumble is performed. One needs to push the whole body in a rotation move rolling towards the floor.
7. Cast
This move involves a half plank on the bar while having the back of the body a bit curved and the abs tucked in.
8. Splits
The favorite of so many, even with non-gymnasts, is the splits. There are different ways to perform the splits. It can be sideways or front and back. Both the legs should be flat on the ground.
9. Handspring on Vault
It's pretty much like a handstand. However, it is executed on a vaulting horse where the athlete engages the move with a running leap.
Then, a flip follows, leading into the handstand position on top of the vault, having the hands pushed on the vault to perform a perfect flip and gracefully land on the ground. Here is an article on how to perform handspring in detail.
10. Back Handspring
The athlete starts the move by performing a backward flip to transition into a handstand position. Then, he/she quickly executes a forward flip to transition back to the standing position on the ground.
15 Professional Gymnastics Moves
It's time to level up those basic gymnastics moves into more varied and complex routines fit for an Olympian.
1. Front Walkover
One of the most graceful gymnastic moves is the front walkover. Both of the athlete's legs are moving swiftly towards each other in a very smooth motion.
2. Back Walkover
The opposite of the front walkover, the back walkover is done in a reverse way. Both legs swiftly move backward, still maintaining a smooth and graceful motion.
3. Somersault
This move is performed with the athlete by a forward flip first from the floor. The knees are positioned inwards or known as the pike position.
4. Backward Somersault
It's the reverse move of a regular somersault. The performer has to position the knees in a pike position first, then execute a backward flip on the floor.
5. Aerial Walkover
This gymnastic move is executed first with a full revolution without touching any part of the body to the ground. Then, the gymnast executes a forward tumble to finish the move.
6. Cartwheel
The most common move that even other flexible non-gymnasts know how to perform is a cartwheel. It's performed by having the body to rotate sideways, beginning from a standing position.
When rotation sideways, the two hands should touch flat to the ground supporting the legs to transition in an upward split position. Then you need to end the move with a final rotation to land back in a standing position.
7. Aerial Cartwheel
This is a more advanced cartwheel move with no hands involved. The athlete has to complete a full rotation sideways via midair with no support of any of the hands. This move takes some time to practice as it requires precision and skill.
8. Scissors Leap
It's a type of a forward leap where both legs imitate the movement of how scissors are being used. The motion has to be quick to signify the scissors-style motion. To learn this move, I would recommend you to check out this article on how to do a switch leap.
9. Straight Jump
In this move, the gymnast executes first with a perfect forward jump while keeping both legs straight during the leap on air and after landing.
10. Cross Handstand
Another variation of the handstand move is where both hands are positioned next to each other on the ground. It is more complicated than the regular handstand as it needs more balance, precision, and strength.
11. Saltos
It's one of the mastery moves that involves precision and excellent skill. This move is executed by rotating the body around a non-existent axis. Saltos has other variants, including the double salto and triple salto. It's too difficult to perform. When an athlete does that perfectly, he/she can earn a high gymnastics score.
12. Hip Circle
One of the most common uneven bar moves, the hip circle move requires the athlete to execute a circular motion around the uneven bars having the hips next to the bars.
The gymnast can either perform a front or back hip circle depending on what's required. As the gymnast moves in circles, the hips shouldn't touch the bar.
13. Flyaway
Flyaway is another bar move is performed through a forward swing with a quick-release move from the bar that enables the athlete to transition perfectly on a backflip outside the bar. This is a typical bar move that helps gymnasts hop on from one bar to another with varied twists and flips.
14. Kip
It's also a type of bar move, where it is executed first with a gliding position onto a bar to bring support to the front. The legs should be positioned in a pike pose while swinging to engage the gymnast's body.
15. Front Handspring
This is a gymnastic move opposite to the back handspring. It's a type of vault handspring that performs a running leap first, then flipping perfectly into a vault handstand pose and finally pushing the body off to transition into a flip in a full landing.
5 gymnastics moves named after successful gymnasts
These athletes are the best in the world and have earned a name in the world of gymnastics. They were so successful that a move was named after them.
1. Tsukahara Move
This particular gymnastic move was named after a renowned gymnast, Mitsuo Tsukahara. The move is a combination of both a mid-turn on a vault and ending up with a backflip. This move is sometimes referred to by some athletes as a moon salto or moon somersault. The move merely highlights the perfectly executed twists throughout the whole performance.
2. Produnova Move
Named after another talented gymnast, Yelena Produnova, this move combines a front handspring transitioning to the vaulting horse and ending with two perfect front somersaults. The move is too complicated to perform that it was dubbed as the vault of death.
3. Chusovitina Move
This successful gymnast, Oksana Chusovitina, was able to bag two gymnastics moves named after her. The first one starts with a forward handspring on the table, transitions with a quick piked salto, and ends with a perfect full twist. The second move, also known as Rudi, starts with a forward handspring on the table, then transitions into a forward salto and ends it off with a quick 1 ½ twists.
4. Yurchenko Move
This move was named after Natalia Yurchenko, which is a perfect combination of springboard roundoff, then a back handspring ending with a backflip outside the vault. The double twists towards the end, which makes the move more complex.
5. Amanar Move
The last move we'll feature is named after Amanar and Shewfelt; both are equally talented gymnasts. This move is a variation as well of the Yurchenko move. This move starts with a back handspring on the vault, then performing 2 ½ precise twists ending with a back salto to transition into a landing.
It sounds like many gymnastics moves to practice, and it's not an easy career to become a gymnast. However, nothing is impossible with constant practice and dedication to become the world's best gymnast. Remember to not train on your own and seek guidance with professional trainers to begin your journey.


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- You can find a lost Android device by using Google's Find My Device service from its app or a browser.
- On the Find My Device app or website, you can see the phone's location on a map, play a sound to locate it, or remotely erase the phone and reset it to factory conditions.
- Visit Business Insider's Tech Reference library for more stories.
Losing your phone can be a catastrophe, which is why both Apple and Google provide similar tools for tracking, finding, and even remotely erasing a lost phone. If you have an iPhone, read our article on tracking its location. Google's Find My Device works pretty much the same way for Android phones. Here's how to use it to locate your misplaced or lost Android.
How to find your Android by using Find My Device
You can find your Android device using the Find My Device website or via Google's Find My Device app (installed from the Google Play store) on a different Android device that's logged into the same Google account.
One word of caution: If you log into your Google account on a public computer or someone else's PC to find your phone, remember to use a browser in private or incognito mode and log out when you are done.
1. Start the app or go to Google Find My Device in a web browser.
2. If you have one device, Find My Device should immediately zero in on that device (or to its last known location when it was last powered on and connected to the internet). If you have multiple devices, you can select the one you're looking for using the device icons at the top of the page.
3. In addition to seeing the phone on the map, you have three options:
- Select "Play Sound" to remotely command the phone to play a ringtone sound. If the phone is turned on and connected to the internet, it will play the sound regardless of the phone's volume settings.
- Select "Secure Device" to prevent someone from accessing your phone's data. You can also display a message or phone number on the lock screen to help retrieve the device.
- Select "Erase Device" if the phone has been lost or stolen and you don't expect to get it back. This will wipe the phone and reset it to factory conditions.
How to make sure Find My Device is enabled on Android
Even if you don't recall turning on Google's Find My Device service, the good news is that it's probably already on – Google turns it on by default when you connect an Android phone to a Google account, so it should already be running from when you first set up your phone. If you have access to your phone, here's how to verify it's enabled:
1. Start the Settings app.
2. Tap "Google."
3. On Google's settings page, tap "Security."
4. Tap "Find My Device."
5. On the Find My Device page, make sure the feature is turned – the button should be swiped to the right.


How friendship affects dating
Posted by / 11-Aug-2020 00:26
How friendship affects dating
Many teenagers go missing every day of the year because of these reasons.
Some teenagers have search parties looking for them but most are never found and if they do 9 out of 10 times they are found dead.
If a particular friendship is isn't meeting your needs, it may be time to reassess whether it deserves a space in your life. Our friendships can have a tremendous impact on our lives–which is why it's important to make sure that they are leaving you feeling supported, understood, and happy. Retrieved January 20, 2015, from B., Carlisle, M., Birmingham, W., & Vaughn, A. Social Support and the Reactivity Hypothesis: Conceptual Issues in Examining the Efficacy of Received Support During Acute Psychological Stress.
Different relationships affect teenagers in various ways.
Good friendships have a myriad of benefits, such as increased feelings of belonging, purpose, increased levels of happiness, reduced levels of stress, improved self-worth and confidence.
While good friends can help you through traumatic events and can even help you to quit a bad habit you've picked up, toxic friendships can leave you feeling drained, stifled, unsatisfied and often unequal.
They should also be role models for young students at school.Throughout adolescence, teenagers are positively and negatively impacted by several relationships such as friends, family, and love relationships.Friends have a big influence on teenagers because they can say and do many of things to teenagers who think they were friends.Teenagers who have parents that are in jail, or do drugs do not always have a good education or a household."Children who have experienced a family break-up may have lower achievements than children brought-up in an intact family" (Ernisch).
how friendship affects dating-62how friendship affects dating-79how friendship affects dating-45
Most teenage girls have reported about being abused by their boyfriend.
One thought on "how friendship affects dating"


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Prof. Rajeev Ram
6.977 focuses on the physics of the interaction of photons with semiconductor materials. The band theory of solids is used to calculate the absorption and gain of semiconductor media. The rate equation formalism is used to develop the concepts of laser threshold, population inversion and modulation response. Matrix methods and coupled mode theory are applied to resonator structures such as distributed feedback lasers, tunable lasers and microring devices. The course is also intended to introduce students to noise models for semiconductor devices and to applications of optoelectronic devices to fiber optic communications. This course is worth 12 Engineering Design points.
Ram, Rajeev. 6.977 Semiconductor Optoelectronics: Theory and Design, Fall 2002. (MIT OpenCourseWare: Massachusetts Institute of Technology), _URL_ (Accessed). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA


One of the joys of summer is having an abundance of fresh fruit to eat and cook with.
The best way to keep any fruit fresher longer to to keep it whole and with the stem attached.
Apples and peaches and pears we never cut into before using because they will turn brown and maybe even mushy.
But most times we never think about stemming berries, cherries, and grapes for using later.
It is easier, but not better.
All berries, including grapes will keep longer with the stem attached.
So, if you want to make something with them, stem and/or pit them right before using.
If you stem them, they will only last a few days at most. Unstemmed, they can last up to a week or maybe longer.
Plus, if you stem or pit them they will lose nutritional value. If any of the skin gets ripped and exposes the inner fruit they just won't be as healthy.
So, if you grow or pick your own berries or cherries, cut the stems when you pick instead of just pulling the berry off the stem.
Raspberries, due to the way they grow, do just get pulled off the stem.
If you buy them and they still have the stems, leave them til you are going to use them.


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Topic: Practical help in using the Kalman Filter (Read 2261 times) previous topic - next topic
There does not seem to be a clear forum for this question so I hope this place will do.
I have a robot that wanders around my garden. It gets given where it starts and where it is to go to and with the help of a compass it does a reasonable job of doing so. When it gets there it gets given another target and so on.With the other things it is doing it reads the compass and adjusts its direction about 5 times a second. It is a simple matter of using the speed (which is only estimated from the motor speed) to workout where it has moved to and what direction it has now to go in. I have not yet bothered with trying to detect wheel speed because the intrinsic odometer process by itself is just not accurate enough in the long term.
This is fine as far as it goes but if it is not to fall into the pond or the stream it needs to become more accurate.
So now I have added a GPS, and after much reading I am ready to integrate it into the system using a Kalman Filter.
The GPS reports every second. It is supposed to be able to do up to 10Hz but then the differential GPS does not work and the result is less accurate.
So what do I feed in?
I initially got hung up on thinking that I should in some way feed in all the inputs that have been made but there does not seem to be any point. So one solution is just to alter the A matrix every step so that it takes the previous (X,Y) and gives the new (X,Y) one second later.Use the GPS (X,Y) to compare and calculate.(The A matrix is the one that calculates the state transfer from t to t+1)
Alternatively I could fix the Matrix A and incorporate velocity. I could calculate an Xvel and Yvel and use those. Again use the GPS (X,Y) to compare and calculate (no reading for velocity).
I think the two above alternatives are actually the same.
An alternative is to calculate a velocity and direction and use the velocity and direction the GPS reports and use an ordinary Kalman filter to combine.
Similar would be to use the Extended Kalman filter to combine GPS velocity and Direction to give (X,Y)
This may catch the relationship that exists between the X and Y coods
Finally as the GPS velocity and direction are calculated in a completely seperate way from the GPS X,Y position using the Doppler effect on the signal frequencies, using the GPS position or the GPS vel,dir will give different answers. (ie if you start from a known position and move then the new position calculated from the GPS velocity and direction will not be the same as the GPS X,Y )
Assuming there is additional information in each of the methods, how do I combine the two answers to get a better result?
Using each of the calculated Kalman gains I could adjust the answer twice? Or should I average the Kalman Gains or What?
Here are a few other things that I have discovered and would like comments on.
I am using the Adafruit Ultimate GPS. It reports a time in exact seconds ie 12 hours 34mins 56.000sec.
Does anybody know if this IS the exact time that the measuremens were taken or is it a rounded time. An error in time
of up to 0.5sec is quite a lot.
From inspecting the readings of the GPS it may be random over a long time but in the short term (10 - 20 secs) it goes walkabout. I have seen this on some published traces on the internet so I do not think it is my particlular instrument. Has anybody found a way to cope with this?
Again from inspecting the readings from the GPS and the robot there seems to be a lag af about 2sec between where the robot reports and where the GPS reports. How have other people dealt with this given that I do not have a highly accurate clock on board?
Thank you for any comment you can make about your experiences.
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Creating one off payments
When setting up a direct debit, it's often necessary to collect a one-off, or initial, payment. This can cover the cost of providing the service the direct debit will cover, until the direct debit can start.
To take an initial payment, use the One-off Payment action under First Capital Cashflow.
Building a one-off payment template
To do this:
 1. Navigate to Templates in the top navigation bar (under the form title).
 2. Click Create Template.
 3. A popover will open, asking which type of action we want to create a template for. Choose One-off Payment under the First Capital Cashflow section, and click Next.
 4. We'll then be taken to the template builder for this action.
 It is also possible to access the template builder from within a rule, by choosing Create new... when selecting a template in a Then block.
 5. Set the title as 'Initial payment'.
 6. Choose the amount to pay and comments values. You can map a question, variable or logic formulae to each one. Alternatively enter manual text by typing it into the search box for the field and pressing the return key.
 7. Click Save to create the template.
To make this action fire when your form is filled in, you will need to add it to a rule - see Building a Rule.
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Submitted to: American Chemical Society Abstracts
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 10/3/2006
Publication Date: 10/25/2006
Citation: Peterson, S.C. 2006. Optimizing the fractionation of soy protein isolate for use as a biomaterial filler [abstract]. American Chemical Society Abstracts. p. 148. Interpretive Summary:
Technical Abstract: Nearly all rubber used today utilizes filler materials for strength and various other application-specific properties. The most common filler on the market today is carbon black, which is produced by the burning of petroleum. Using renewable biomaterials as fillers would reduce dependence on petroleum and avoid pollution issues associated with carbon black production. Recent research using various soybean materials such as defatted soy flour, soy spent flakes, and soy protein isolate has shown that fillers that compare favorably in both performance and cost characteristics can be made from these products. In general, the smaller the filler particle size, the better strengthening properties it has. In this study, variables including temperature, pH, and centrifugation were all examined to determine what conditions produced the smallest soy protein isolate particles for filler material.


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Don't Eat (or Drink) Your Feelings
Recognizing what triggers your bad habits is important, especially around the holidays, says Day. Many people use "HALT" an acronym for "Hungry, Angry, Lonely, Tired" to remember that these feelings often cause relapses. Anger, especially, is one of the biggest triggers for recovering addicts and it's not unusual for it to surface during the holidays, says Jones. "People expect family gatherings to be great and wonderful, and then they get angry when they turn out to be stressful, which triggers unhealthy habits," he says. If you train yourself to recognize these triggers before you start eating or drinking, you can slow down to realize that you are letting your emotions get the best of you.


By Artists For Artists
Yannis Davy Guibinga: Celebrating African Identities in Colorful Portraiture
Synergy of Traditional and Contemporary
Yannis Davy Guibinga is a Gabonese photographer whose heritage is deeply reflected in his artworks, which focus on African people living in and outside of Africa. From the Queen warrior Nzinga to the African diaspora, his subjects are a vivid representation of the spiritual connection with the continent
Motley by Yannis Davy Guibinga
While people are the focal point of his work, for Guibinga, a portrait isn't just about the person in the photo. He's a storyteller and creates stories that speak about the colorful and vibrant aesthetics of the African culture and the mix between traditional and modern elements.
"I like mixing elements from traditional African cultures like body painting techniques and headwraps with modern and futuristic elements to create a visual universe akin to Africanfuturism."
Pigments by Yannis Davy Guibinga
As a self-taught photographer, driven by passion and creativity, Guibinga finds inspiration in everything that surrounds him. A portrait can start from a story, a person, or a symbol. Guibinga explores cultural references, body painting techniques, and futuristic elements. Sometimes he uses saturated colors, emerging from dark backgrounds, and creating strong visual contrast; other times, he focuses on lines and shapes and uses only shades of black to create his stories. Either way, his portraits are meaningful and profound.
"I typically start with an idea of a story I want to tell or a particular topic I want to explore, sometimes the inspiration is sparked from the subjects themselves and other times from specific cultural symbols or references."
Oma Ayiya by Yannis Davy Guibinga
His compositions are complex and artful, continuously revealing new elements that capture the eye and the mind of the viewer. The mix of black and color is the main ingredient of Guibinga's portraits. Bright yellows, silky reds, and powerful blues tell the story of the artistic expression of African tribes transcribed in contemporary artworks. Each brush stroke and texture has a meaning as they would have in traditional African body painting and art. Guibinga pays homage to the subtle shapes of the human figure and silhouette.
The Grief by Yannis Davy Guibinga
Although the pandemic kept the artists away from their models and regular photoshoots, Yannis Davy Guibinga is eager to get back to work and create impressive portraits again. Photography is his way to express creativity, and he still has a lot to say through his visual stories.
Find more of Yannis Davy Guibinga's work on his website and Instagram.
Article written by Monica Radulescu
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Ever dreamed of having a vending machine in your room? With this engineering kit, you can build and experiment with your own toy vending machine. First, follow the step-by-step instructions to assemble the machine. Then test and configure it to get it working perfectly. Load your vending machine with the included soda-bottle gummy candies or any other small candies or prizes you supply, and you're in business! Insert some coins and have fun watching them get sorted, perform stunts as they slide down the tracks, dispense prizes, and finally end up in the coin bank in the base of the machine.
This awesome vending machine has four main interactive segments: First, you insert coins (quarters, dimes, nickels, and pennies) into the slot at the top and turn a knob to sort the coins. Then, the coins fall into an interactive coin track area where they slide down ramps, make jumps, and ring bells. Next, the coins fall into a device that allows you to make your "purchase" with the push of a button. Finally, your prize pops out of the machine, and the coin falls into the bank, sorted into neat stacks by denomination.
The vending machine can sit on a tabletop or hang on a wall. A small key allows you to access the vending machine compartments for refilling the prizes.
Explore lessons in physics, math, and mechanical engineering as you build and play with the vending machine. Learn about gears and other simple machines, gravity, forces, motion, and collisions. Try some simple math lessons related to the coins and money.
- Soda-bottle gummy candies included!
- Have fun engineering a vending machine
- Make coins do fun stunts and tricks and learn physics lessons
- Automatic coin-sorting bank
- Pretend-play vending machine experience
- Stands up on a tabletop or hangs on a wall
- Build your own toy vending machine that sorts coins, dispenses candy or other small prizes, and doubles as a coin bank.
- Experiment to make the coins perform cool tricks and stunts in the customizable coin track area.
- Learn about gears, gravity, forces, motion, collisions, and more — even some simple math lessons with money.
- Fun, gamified approach to engineering lessons with a sweet candy reward
- Refill your machine with your own treats and prizes for long-lasting fun.
- Insert your coins, turn the knob, make your selection, and out comes candy AND STEM fun and learning!
- Perfect companion kit to Candy Claw Machine, a 2022 STEAM Toy of the Year finalist.
Piece Count: 48
Manual Pages: 16
Product Dimensions: 13 x 11.5 x 3.8 in
Product Weight: 2.2 lbs
Manual Dimensions: 5.5 x 8.25 in


Study: On-site clinics can help public employers curb healthcare costs
The Government Finance Officers Association, with a grant from Colonial Life, conducted the independent research to identify the most innovative and effective strategies local governments can employ to contain costs and offer quality employee healthcare benefits.
"One strategy to manage choice of providers while improving the quality of the health benefit for employees is on-site health centers, also known as on-site clinics. An on-site clinic is essentially a doctor's office that is provided by the public employer, on or near the employer's premises," the study stated. "Staffing varies with expected use of the clinic, from only nurse practitioners and physician assistants to a full medical staff. The services offered range from just immunizations and limited acute care to physicals, lab work, behavioral health services and even pharmacy services."
The case study research suggested that most governments favor relying on a third-party vendor to manage the clinic on their behalf, and that on-site clinics can provide services more cheaply than commercial providers. Furthermore, because an on-site clinic is more accessible than commercial providers, employees usually seek treatment for minor ailments before they become major conditions that are more costly to treat.
The research found that on-site clinics offer a substantial return on investment, with figures ranging from $1.60 to $4 saved for every dollar invested. For example, Cabarrus County, North Carolina, offers a full-service clinic to 1,300 employees and dependents, and realized a net cost savings of $624,000 over a four-year period, the study stated.
However, the study pointed out that, in order to be effective, a clinic must have about 800 to 1,000 potential patients. For a smaller employer, this means that sharing a clinic with other smaller employers might be an ideal solution. For example, in Texas, the City of Mesquite is on the border of what is required to run a cost-effective clinic (1,148 employees), so it partnered with the Mesquite School District (4,700 employees) to offer a full-service clinic.
Once a clinic is in place, employees need to have an incentive to use the clinic instead of a commercial provider. GFOA's case studies used a number of enticements to make the clinic less expensive and more convenient than other alternatives:
 - Waive or substantially reduce co-pays when visiting the clinic;
 - Provide convenient scheduling options, such as Web-based appointment setting. Employers also can negotiate wait time standards with the managers of the clinic to ensure visits are expeditious;
 - Develop advantageous time-off policies for using the clinic, such as not requiring the use of sick time to visit the clinic or allowing flexible work scheduling; and
 - Provide services that are focused but cover major employee needs. Clinics that provide only the most basic services will not see high utilization, and services that are too specialized will not enjoy economies of scale.
- 8:29 AM
rhammerle says
These findings are consistent with what Trans World Airlines found when we established onsite and rapid response specialty clinics for them in the 1980s and beyond. We have since advanced much further, utilizing telecommunication, technology and remote diagnostic and treatment options that were not available 30 years ago. Hopefully private and public employers won't rely simply on this study and end up creating onsite clinics that ignore the advances that have been made over the past three decades. Ron Hammerle, Chairman Health Resources, Ltd. Tampa, Florida
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book was created at that time, the "Angora Rabbit Book of France". In it, a French Angora rabbit type appeared, with a special fibre quality due to the breed (selection effect) and the harvest process (plucking and later defleecing). By 1988, there were about 250 000 angora rabbits, more than 2000 breeders and a production of fibre of 200 tonnes, exported as a raw material. In 1997, there were only 13 000 rabbits left, 100-120 breeders and a production of 12 tonnes for manufactured clothes.
Herd book "Angora Rabbit Book of France"
Created in 1956, the Herd Book is run by a breeders' organisation, the "Syndicat National Angora Qualité". The improvement of rabbit is done by mass selection. The breeders send a birth registration form for each litter and the animals are individually identified at weaning (provisional number). The animals are graded prior to their fourth harvest by a qualified judge and receive a final official number (ear tag). The breakdown of the total of 100 marks in the grading scheme is as follows: · 20 for body conformation (according to the official standard for body development, ears, head and legs) · 40 for fibre quantity · 40 for fleece quality, of which 15 marks are for homogeneity (bristly fleece rate), 15 marks are for tautness (intensity of bristly character) and 10 marks are for structure. On farm, data are registered on card for each animal, on which the harvest dates, weight of the harvested fibre (by categories) and fibre length are recorded.
Within the French breed, the harvested fibre is sorted and distinguished as 5 classes, according to quality: · Class 1: clean, unfelted, long and bristly fibre, from the back, the sides and the rump of the rabbit. · Class 2: clean, unfelted, long and wooly fibre, from the breast and the belly of the animal. · Class 3: clean, unfelted, short (<6 cm) fibre, from the legs of the rabbit. · Class 4: clean and felted fibre, from the neck and the tail of the animal. · Class 5: dirty fibre, from the underbelly of the rabbit.
Fleece characteristics measurements:
The Angora fleece is heterogeneous. Over the body, there are 5 different grades, whose quality criteria are based on the bristly or woolly aspect, length, the degree of felting and the cleanliness. Inside the lock, there are three fibre types, in which quality criteria are linked with the fibre dimensions and the fleece composition.
The fleece measurements made on the farm are the total fleece weight of each different grades and the length of each fibre type (bristle, downs). In the laboratory, the measurements are from the fleece samples, and they concern the diameter of each fibre type (bristle, awns, downs) by the OFDA method, and the content of each fibre type (bristle rate), using the INRA Cross Section method.
Breeding programme for Angora wool production
The breeding programme was orientated towards the effect of non-genetic factors on the quantitative and qualitative traits. The effects of the sex, birth season, body weight, harvest rank, harvest season, time interval between two harvests, breeder and the year on the total fibre production were quantified. The homogeneity and the structure of the fibre were taken into consideration. The results of this programme were as follows:
Genetic improvement of the French Angora Rabbit
One proposal is to have a collective programme, with a recording system for data collection and data transfer. It would allow both technical and genetic improvement, through selection on the farm and a collective genetic improvement programme. The latter could be done by creating genetic links between farms. The proposal would be to tattoo all the rabbits just after the first harvest and to score all the rabbits before the fourth harvest. On the whole population, the date of harvest, the total fibre weight and reproduction data would be collected. On the top selected population, it would be useful to collect data concerning the homogeneity, tautness and structure of the fleece (as an objective measurement of quality). Finally, connections between farms could be improved by setting up a performance testing farm and developing artificial insemination.
back to Report
A GENETIC DATABASE FOR PERFORMANCE PARAMETER RECORDING IN DANISH ANGORA GOATS
Annette Holmenlund, Marie E. Kielsgaard and Joern Pedersen
Danish Agricultural Advisory Centre, Udkaersvej 15, Skejby, 8200 Aarhus-N, Denmark
The Danish goat registration system is a database storing data on pedigree, reproduction, growth rates, mohair yields, mohair quality and health. The database is based on an unambiguous identification system for individuals and on the farmers' own recordings of breeding and production data. The data stored in the database is used as documentation of pedigree, to estimate breeding indices and to produce management information for farmers. The Goat Registration System has been developed since 1991 and today 188 Angora herds are in the system, including 19 Swedish herds. The Nordic Angora goat population consists of many small herds. This is one of the reasons why we have developed a genetic indexation system over the past years, enabling us to compare animals from different herds and to find the best bucks and does in the Nordic countries. This will ensure the best possible basis for breeding progress and thus a profitable mohair production. How can we then incorporate more information about mohair quality into the goat registration system? This is one of the main questions to be dealt with in the next two years. We have defined two pre-conditions. Firstly, we would rather accept many quality figures and thus a higher degree of unreliability on the figures than vice-versa and, secondly, the method should be cheap, simple and user-friendly, in order to get full breeder support.
Since 1991, the Danish Angora goat breeders have reported their pedigree, breeding and production data to a computer-based goat registration programme, which stores all pedigree data on live animals and embryos imported since 1987. The purpose of goat registration programme is to develop a profitable mohair production, both through breeding and production, through the development of breeding values and management lists to the farmers.
One hundred and eighty-eight Angora herds, together with nineteen Swedish herds, are using the goat registration programme. In 1997, one hundred and thirty-three herds sent data about the births of 1400 kids from 1000 does. The breeding is characterised by many small herds with an average of 7.5 kidding per herd (1997).
The Angora goat population consists mainly of animals of the Australasian type imported from New Zealand. They are at present being upgraded using Angora of the Texas and South African types, imported in 1992 and 1993 from Australia and New-Zealand, respectively. The aim is to maintain the quality of the breeding work; it is achieved through the participation of the majority of the goat registration programme herds, which permits the data collection to continue.
The goat registration programme is being currently developed and the latest initiatives are the development of linear classification, breeding values (Pedersen, 1994) and "Herd Prints".
The goat registration system is based on an unambiguous nine-digit eartag number, which follows the animal from birth to death. It also includes the goat owners' own records of matings (inclusive of the buck's ID), kiddings (kidding ease, mortality, birth weight and ID of the kid), the kid's live weights at 2 and 4 months, all fleece weights, disease records, purchase, sale and deaths. Furthermore classification results and mohair test results are recorded.
All records are always linked to the unambiguous eartag number of the animal and to the date of the event, e.g. date of kidding and date of shearing.
From the goat registration system, the herd owner obtains:
The purpose of Herd Prints is that the lists can be adapted to the day-to-day needs of the individual farmer and they can replace some paper work.
Mohair yield and quality
Mohair production consists of two parameters, yield (quantity) and quality. The Angora herds report the fleece weights of every shearing which takes place twice a year - the first one being at the age of 5-7 months. A total of 8700 fleece weights is recorded in the database.
The quality of the mohair is measured objectively through a mohair test and subjectively through a classification scheme. The mohair test is analysed at the National Research Centre, Foulum and includes fibre diameter, standard deviation of the fibre diameter, percentage kemp, medullation and per-cent roundness. A total of 375 mohair samples has been analysed since it started.
The linear classification results are divided into a figure for body and legs, and a figure evaluating the mohair quality (fibre fineness, kemp and medullation, lustre, lanolin, style, character and cover). One hundred and fifty-seven animals were classified in 21 herds in 1995, when linear classification was introduced. In 1996, one hundred and seventy-five and, in 1997, ninety-four animals were linear classified.
As both mohair yield and fibre fineness are important economic production parameters, it is important that as many data as possible are collected on these two parameters. It would be a major progress if more


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what is Roller chains
Roller chain is a steel linked chain that utilizes roller bushings at each connecting link. The bushings aid the chain in riding smoothly around a sprocket and give the chain long life as well as strength. Roller chain is commonly found on bicycles and farming machinery and is also a primary component in automobile transmissions and transfer cases. Some high-performance types of roller chain use small rubber O-rings at each end of the bushings to aid in the retention of oil, which helps keep the chain in peak condition.
There are many types of roller chain, each intended for a specific purpose. In the U.S., roller chain is sized by the American National Standards Institute or ANSI with the most common sizes being 40, 50 and 60. The size of the chain is reflective of the pitch of the chain in eighths of an inch (0.3175 centimeters), this is denoted by the first digit, and the final digit noting the strength of the chain. While 0 represents standard chain and 1 represents lightweight chain, 5 is used to show bushed chain with no rollers. This means that a standard bicycle chain with a half-inch (1.27 centimeters) pitch would be a size 40 chain.
The typical roller chain is comprised of links that are fused together by pins. The pins are driven through the ends of each link and held in place by friction. Each chain is connected at the ends to form a complete circle or chain loop by a master link. The master link is a link of chain that uses a clip to hold the sides in place rather than being a friction fit. Roller chain can be shortened by removing links with a chain breaking tool and lengthened by adding whole or a half links.
Lubrication and proper tension is critical to assure long life for any roller chain. A chain should never be run tight. There should always be a slight amount of slack in a properly adjusted chain. The school of thought is approximately 2 percent to 4 percent of the distance between the centers of the sprockets. Clean, light-weight oil should be used to keep the chain properly lubricated.
The various uses for roller chain include not only bicycles, but conveyors, automobile timing chains and chain saws. By attaching tiny cutting teeth to a chain, a chain saw is able to cut its way through a tree in a rapid manner. In another application, small lengths of chain are attached to a handle, allowing plumbers to grip and twist pipe sections.


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People generally don't like being stuck between a rock and a hard place, but some plants don't mind at all. In some people's eyes, these hardy plants are the real rock stars of the gardening world.
Rock and alpine plants are some of the toughest plants in the world. They survive in an environment with little or no soil and few nutrients. Alpine plants thrive at an altitude of 2,000 metres, with a few species still clinging to life at close to 3,000 metres.
Because of their environment, their growing season is short - but no less spectacular.
Many converts to rock and alpine gardening were inspired after hiking in the mountains and coming upon a wild garden of alpine flowers in bloom, tended only by Mother Nature.
Many of them have gravitated to the Vancouver Island Rock and Alpine Garden Society, which was founded in Victoria almost 100 years ago. It is the oldest alpine garden club in North America and one of the oldest in the world.
Despite the hobby's pedigree, some neighbours may suspect rock garden enthusiasts have a few rocks in their heads.
"I had a garden with no rocks in it - so I had 10 tonnes of rocks delivered to my house to start my own rock garden," says Paul Spriggs, a member of the club whose garden is shown in these photos.
With such hardy plants and an abundance of rocks in some gardens, one would think that rock plants would be easy to grow. But it's not always the case.
"The common ones are indeed easy to grow," says Spriggs, who is a gardener by trade. "But some of the rare ones can be difficult to grow."
He says the alpine plants are more difficult because they are used to an alpine environment, which is drier and cooler. In the winter, the plants are usually insulated under a layer of snow. In Victoria, the lack of snow and abundance of rain isn't the ideal climate for their survival.
But rock plants are another story. Plants such as Sedum (stonecrop) and Ameria (sea thrift) are hardy and easy to grow in our coastal environment. He recommends people considering a new rock garden start with three A's: Alyssum, Aubretia and Arabis.
All is not lost if homeowners lack rocks in their garden. Spriggs says the newest trend is the creation of crevice gardens. Plants are planted in the natural gaps and fissures between rocks - both natural and man-made. Some have gritty, well-drained soil in the troughs.
Anybody wishing to see a demonstration garden need only visit Beacon Hill Park. Here, over the past 50 years, club members have been cultivating a natural rock outcropping in the park, near Arbutus Way.
The best time to visit the rock garden is in the spring, when the flowers are in bloom. Go on any Saturday morning and you can spend quality time with - and get good advice - from club members faithfully tending the plants.
"It takes time and effort - hundreds of hours of work - to maintain the garden," says Claire Hughes, a volunteer with the club. "But we almost see it as a community service. We have lots of people taking pictures of the garden and quite a number of wedding parties take their pictures with the garden in the background."
She says Victoria, with a climate similar to that of the Mediterranean, is a perfect place for rock garden enthusiasts. Apart from native plants, some of the specimens found in the demonstration garden come from as far away as Middle East countries such as Iran, Iraq and Turkey. Others come from Mediterranean countries and some from the Alps.
The club has compiled a 50-year botanical history of every plant that has been planted in the garden.
Interest in hobbies such as rock gardening goes through natural cycles. Hughes notes that, with its 100-year history, interest in the club may have "gone full circle several times." She has recently noticed a number of younger people signing up because of the popularity of crevice gardening.
The Vancouver Island Rock and Alpine Garden Society is a non-profit society. It has an annual fundraiser in the form of a two-day show in midApril. At the event, visitors can see demonstration gardens and rock and alpine plants from around the world. Depending on the weather, various plants will be in bloom. Expect early blooms from plants such as Kabschia Saxifrages and late ones from Campanulas and Gentians. Specialty nurseries will sell plants on both days, with members' plants available for purchase at 11 a.m. on Saturday. Admission is by donation. The show runs April 13 from 1 to 8 p.m. and April 14 from 9 a.m. to 3: 30 p.m. at the Cadboro Bay United Church, 2625 Arbutus Rd. For more information, go to www.virags.


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3D MUD™ SYSTEM:
MULTIPLE GEOSPATIAL SOLUTIONS
Auracle is an infrastructure monitoring company with a 3D remote satellite monitoring system, the 3D MUD™ System, that provides continuous measurement and surveillance data across a wide range of sectors, including pipeline and gas right of ways, transportation networks and waste landfills.
Detect subsurface geohazards that impact design of infrastructure right of ways, and other critical transportation networks.
Monitor the impact of land subsidence and uplift under the earth on assets and and infrastructure for early warning of potential threats.
COMPLY WITH ESG REGULATIONS
PLANNING AND DESIGN
Monitor the impact of underground structural movement on assets and and infrastructure for early warning of potential threats.
MONITOR LEVEE, DAM AND DYKE SYSTEMS
Our system satisfies the demand for corporate responsibility by detecting, mapping and monitoring the impact of structural movement on pipelines, mines, roads, bridges, tailing dams, and dyke systems.
Monitoring the surface and subsurface for geohazards allows early detection of subtle movements before problems escalate to impact operations, threaten public safety or damage the environment.
MODEL AND COLLABORATE
Model subsurface geohazards and competent subsurface structures without a footprint.
Understand the phreatic zones and impact these zones can pose on your project area and surrounding infrastructure.
Integrate drill data and other data types to produce a more complete model.
MONITOR YOUR ASSETS
Surveille ROWs to detect ground movement, bank erosion, encroachment and loss of cover that may impact critical infrastructure.
Augment visual inspections to reduce operator error with customizable monitoring programs.
Our 3D geospatial technology replaces point or grid based surveys that require countless points that may not precisely detect displacement or deformation under the earth's surface.
MONITOR LARGE AREAS
MONITOR OVER TIME
OPEN YOUR EYES TO UNDERWATER ASSETS
Auracle'S geotechnical services provide highly accurate SAR radar-derived underwater 3D models, specializing in ports, rivers, and lake bottoms.
These 3D models replace manual surveys of lakes and rivers, making remote monitoring, more timely and cost-effective.
Get a satellite view while monitoring surface, subsurface and underwater movement well in advance of catastrophic events with revolutionary measurement as little as 2 mm and in 3D.
DETECT AND MONITOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION
Monitor contaminated industrial sites to analyze the impact on the environment overtime.
Use our advanced spectral analyses that detect vegetation stress associated with environmental contamination.
Identify remediation needs and measure effectiveness and regulatory compliance.


Jack Man Jack Man - 5 months ago 28
MySQL Question
Count by months in MySQL database?
How do you count the total number of entries by month?
id, date
01, 2010-09-28
02, 2010-03-28
03, 2010-09-28
04, 2010-03-28
For example. How could you pick only dates from September and have them count as an output of
Edit: Edited the dates to put them in the right format.
select month(date), count(*)
from yourtable
group by month(date)


in,
How to Store Cilantro
Cilantro is one of the essential ingredients in a lot of recipes that pays to always have on hand so here are various methods to preserve them.
Cilantro is an amazing cooking herb that is healthy and matches well with a lot of dishes, so it's good to know how you can store cilantro to make sure you'll always have a supply for tasty cooking escapades. There are better ways of storing cilantro than just popping it directly in the fridge (you can, but that doesn't make it last very long). Here are 7 simple ways on how to Store Cilantro to last you a week or more.
Storing Cilantro Method 1: Store in the Fridge
First up is the simplest way to store cilantro and is also the most basic way of keeping it fresh for kitchen use. Make no mistake, this is not a plop it and go situation. Here's how to properly store cilantro in your refrigerator:
 1. Put freshly cut cilantro stems in a container filled with water.
 2. Cover the top loosely with a plastic bag.
 3. Store in the fridge. Set it, but don't forget it entirely. You don't have to watch your stored cilantro like a hawk, but every so often, keep an eye on the leaves and cut them off as they wilt. Also, check the water if the color starts to change and replace it.
Storing Cilantro Method 2: Use an Airtight Container
To go with this cilantro storage method is to go the hydrophobic route. Keep your bunch away from water and DO NOT wash the cilantro! The goal is to try and remove the excess moisture.
 1. Using some paper towels, pat to dry off the cilantro.
 2. After gently patting the bunch, wrap the cilantro with new paper towels.
 3. Store the wrapped cilantro inside an airtight container. Every time you use this type of stored cilantro, try to check for wilted leaves and take those out. Watch out! You should only wash cilantro if you'll be using it straight away because it wilts easy.
Storing Cilantro Method 3: Blanch and Freeze
This method of storing cilantro embraces the use of water more than the previous one because it involves a blanching method.
 1. To blanch, boil some hot water in a pot.
 2. Add in the cilantro until wilted (should be a few seconds).
 3. When done, take out the boiled cilantro and plunge it into a bowl of ice water for a maximum of 30 seconds.
 4. Take out the blanched cilantro bunch and give it a little shake or slight squeeze to remove excess water.
 5. Get some paper towels ready and pat the cilantro dry.
 6. Remove the stems of the cilantro and store the leaves inside a Ziplock bag for freezing. Try to remove excess air from the bag to keep it flat for storage.
Storing Cilantro Method 4: Store as Cubes
Think of this method as cryonics, but a little less morbid with cilantro leaves and water.
 1. Wash the cilantro.
 2. After that, take it aside and allow water to drip off it to dry.
 3. Get some paper towels and pat to remove more moisture.
 4. Coarsely chop the cilantro and transfer that directly to an ice tray. When you split the chopped cilantro for the sections of the ice tray, you may choose to "listen to your ancestors" and go by feeling, or you could take a more measured approach by setting a specific amount for each section so you know how much you are using when you cook with it.
 5. Fill the tray with water and freeze.
Storing Cilantro Method 5: Liquify to Cubify (More Freezing)
Consider this storing technique if you're not particular about preserving the original shape of the cilantro herb, yet want to keep the taste. With this storing method, you can choose to wash or blanch your cilantro before proceeding with the steps below.
 1. Coarsely chop the cilantro.
 2. Place the chopped cilantro inside a food processor or blender and add some olive oil.
 3. Puree the mixture.
 4. Get an ice tray and transfer the liquified cilantro to it for freezing. Again, you can go by feeling or measure a specific amount for each cube.
Storing Cilantro Method 6: Make it Butter
Make it better with butter! You can choose to preserve and enhance the taste of cilantro by storing it like butter. Cilantro butter might sound weird, but boy is it flavorful and really easy to do. All you need are 2-3 cups of finely chopped cilantro leaves for every stick of butter.
 1. First, you have to soften the butter stick by leaving it out at room temperature.
 2. While that's happening, go on ahead and finely chop the cilantro leaves (add lemon zest for a little zing).
 3. When everything is ready, put all ingredients in a bowl and mash them all together (add in some salt if preferred).
 4. Scoop the mashed butter into the baking paper.
 5. Shape the cilantro butter into a regular butter stick or cylinder and wrap it with the baking paper.
 6. Refrigerate the butter and use sit how you would regular butter.
Storing Cilantro Method 7: Dehydrated Cilantro
Dry your cilantro for storage by use of a convection oven or a microwave. Consider this storing technique if you want the longest shelf life possible for your stored cilantro (up to a year!). Although it keeps the original shape of the cilantro, you might have to sacrifice losing a bit of the taste.
 1. To start, preheat your convection oven to 250-300 °F.
 2. Make sure you have clean cilantro by washing it and letting it drip to dry.
 3. For good measure, get some paper towels and pat the cilantro bunch dry.
 4. You'll only be using the leaves so you have to strip or cut them off from the stem using a kitchen knife of scissors.
 5. Get microwave-safe paper towels or regular baking sheets on a tray and lay out the leaves on top as you would when baking cookies.
 6. Place the sheet in a convection oven for 25 minutes or so, keeping an eye on the color. Careful to not let them turn brown.
*If you are using a microwave oven, place the sheet inside and microwave for about 2 minutes. If you aren't happy with the color, continue to microwave in increments if 10-20 seconds.
 1. Take out the tray or sheet and allow the leaves to cool for a few minutes.
 2. Carefully transfer the dried cilantro leaves into a jar using your preferred utensil. You can store them as dried cilantro leaves or crushed cilantro.
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December 13, 2020 AsktheBuilder Newsletter
Taco Soup Recipe – How to Make it in 10 Simple Steps


Can Horses Swim? Are They Good Swimmers?
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It depends. Like humans, horses can sink if they don't know how to swim. While most horses can stay afloat pretty well, this shouldn't be mistaken to mean that horses naturally are great swimmers even without prior training.
If you love horses and swimming, you may have thought of taking your horse for a swim or even for the sole purpose of fitness and rehabilitation. But this is never a good idea unless you have an experienced horse that knows how to swim.
You need to consider the fact that horses can sink. Horses also have a hard time turning in water. In fact, your horse can keep moving forward despite your best efforts to try to get your horse to move and make a turn.
This can also increase drowning risks, which will ultimately scare your horse from wanting to learn how to swim. If your horse hasn't been through a swimming or floating lesson or they are too nervous about getting inside water, it's not advisable to make them swim.
Wild horses couldn't live their entire lives in the wild without getting into the water. These types of horses naturally engage with water regularly. However, horses that aren't from the wild don't have the same instincts or capabilities when it comes to swimming.
Horses may, therefore, be among those animals that are genetically predisposed to swim. But it's not advisable to introduce swimming suddenly without unlocking your horse's genetic potential.
Your horse's first experience with water is critical, and you need to slowly introduce them to the idea of being in the water. Allow them to stand and walk around at their own pace and never ride them into deep water until your horse is fully trained and comfortable with that concept.
Do Horses Like To Swim? Are Horses Good Swimmers?
Like people, some horses seem to love swimming while others don't. Many different types of horses can become good swimmers once they become accustomed to the water.
But keep in mind, horses cannot hold their breath underwater, and you should never take your horse where there are big waves. This can be very dangerous and cause your horse a lot of unnecessary trauma.
It is also not recommended to ride your horse in the water if it is windy out. The water that gets blown in their face or causes their head to be submerged in the water can cause many issues, including water in their ears.
Horse Swimming
Teaching A Horse To Swim
If you want to get your horse into the water during the hot summer, you'll need to teach him/her how to swim better. As mentioned above, horses may be genetically predisposed to swimming; however, they need a progressive introduction.
You should start with shallow water to allow your horse to get comfortable with the idea of swimming, which can be an excellent exercise for horses.
Never guide your horse into deep water or attempt to force a swimming lesson. You can begin by visiting a shallow pond and try riding him/her in water that is at most 2 feet deep. Once he/she is used to this depth, you can venture deeper.
As you introduce your horse to deeper water, ensure there are no big stones underneath. You can do test runs on your own to make sure your horse doesn't trip on rocks.
However, before allowing your horse to venture into the deeper water, let them stand momentarily in the water until they are comfortable. You should watch out for signs of nervousness, like abrupt movements coupled with awkward stops.
When your horse is comfortable, you can venture deeper. Make sure you are in front of him/her to avoid being kicked as they may try to push forward inside the water. Also, remember to teach your horse how to turn while in water.
When your horse becomes familiar with the water around them, their natural swimming instinct will "kick in." Since they are heavy, you'll only see their head when they are swimming, similar to when larger dogs swim.
Their entire body will be submerged, and you'll only be able to see their head. If you look underneath, he/she will be busy paddling with their legs, just like how dogs swim.
In fact, horses look like they are running if you watch them swimming from underwater. But this happens over time when a horse gets comfortable in the water and learns how to swim.
Tip: It's advisable to guide your horse using a rope initially before he/she knows how to swim.
Horse Swimming Whilst Being Ridden
Is It Safe To Ride A Swimming Horse?
It can be dangerous and hard to ride a horse that is swimming. Since horses make different movements from those made when riding, your chances of slipping and falling are higher. What's more, horses tend to be more focused on swimming than the rider, which poses serious risks.
It's difficult to predict a horse's movement while they are swimming. Your horse is likely to make unexpected and/or rapid movements that pose serious risks.
There's also the risk of being kicked if you fall off your horse's back while he is swimming. While a horse kick underwater may not be as lethal as one on land, it can injure you seriously, making it impossible for you to swim.
You can also float away if you attempt to ride a swimming horse. If you don't know how to swim, don't try to ride a horse in any type of water. If your horse's head is the only part of its body above the water, your chances of drowning are higher if you don't know how to swim.
What To Do When Riding A Swimming Horse
If you must ride a swimming horse, there are some precautions you can take.
First and foremost, don't push your horse downwards into the water. Horses can't breathe underwater and will most probably get nervous making erratic movements and push you off his/her back.
Instead, you should swim as well to avoid exerting undue pressure on your horse. This is better than clamming on his/her neck and making them nervous.
You should also swim for short periods at a time. As mentioned above, horses are not meant to swim. They tend to get tired faster underwater, much more so than humans.
How Long Can Horses Swim?
To avoid tiring your horse and running the risk of allowing them to sink, don't subject your horse to swimming for more than 10 minutes at a time. It is also best to exit the water before you and your horse gets tired of swimming.
If you happen to get off your horse's back and start swimming beside them, be absolutely certain to stay away from their kicking legs. This can be extremely dangerous because a horse that kicks you underwater can be lethal.
Note: Avoid swimming around your horse because this tends to make them nervous and could cause them to make unnecessary movements that could tire them even faster.
Do Horses Enjoy Being In Water?
This is a tricky question because, just like humans, some horses might love splashing around in the water while others might be terrified of it.
You obviously can't ask your horse how they feel about being in the water, but there are sure signs that will allow you to understand how your horse is adapting to the experience.
You'll be able to see in their behavior whether they are enjoying the water or if they are hesitant to go near or in it.
When you guide your horse to water, make sure you don't immediately head for the deeper water. Your horse's head should never be submerged, and don't ever push your horse to go somewhere they don't want to go.
Give your buddy a chance to adapt by walking in shallow water and allowing them to explore the idea of being wet. This will give you a good indication as to whether or not your horse enjoys being in the water.
Unlike horses that have lived in the wild, your horse might not enjoy deep water because they are not a good swimmer.
Everybody thinks that horses can naturally swim and that you can immediately ride a horse into the ocean. However, that is just not the case, and every horse is different when it comes to whether or not they enjoy swimming.
Some horses, such as wild horses, will playfully paw at the water before rolling over in it. If your horse starts pawing at the water, you should make them stop immediately.
Riding a horse in water that begins to paw at it can be extremely dangerous for the rider. If that horse flips with you on it, you can get severely injured and even drown.
So always make sure you stop your horse from pawing at water regardless of how cute it looks!
Do Horses Need To Swim?
No. While horses need exercise, they can get all the training they need running or doing other ground exercises. However, if you want to expose your horse to various activities, swimming can be a good alternative when properly introduced.
Since horses rely heavily on their legs when swimming, this can be a great leg exercise. Swimming can also strengthen your horse's core muscles and improve his/her overall fitness.
In fact, swimming is common among horses with injuries because this type of exercise can heal serious injuries and boost muscle growth.
Like humans, horses must learn how to swim first before taking them out into deep waters for the first time. You should also ensure you know how to swim if you plan on riding him/her while they are in the water.
Keep in mind that there are many risks associated with horses and water. If your horse begins to panic, it may forget about you and head in a different direction. So always be alert!
The importance of teaching your horse how to swim can be the difference between having a happy horse who is comfortable strolling along the coast or having a companion that is terrified of water.
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