text:
Plants that are in the Brassica genus, including broccoli, cabbage and cauliflower, can affect body odor because of the vegetables' sulfur compounds. So can foods in the Allium genus, which include onions and garlic, also due to their sulfur compounds. To see how pungent these compounds can be, try this experiment: rub crushed raw garlic on the sole of your foot—within about 20 minutes you're likely to taste it in your mouth. If you like garlic but not the mouth odor, try drinking milk after eating it. A 2010 study in the Journal of Food Science found this may help.
Going meatless may have some olfactory benefits. In a small study published in Chemical Senses in 2006, women rated men's body odors (taken from their armpits) as more attractive and pleasant and less intense when the men ate no meat for two weeks, compared to when they consumed red meat. But it's not clear how much meat you have to eat for it to affect body odor, how long the effects last or whether fish or poultry have a similar effect.
In some cases, there is an interaction between your genes, diet and body odor. For example, people with the inherited metabolic disorder trimethylaminuria develop a fishy odor when they eat fish and some other high-protein foods. This is due to an inability to break down a food-derived compound (trimethylamine), which then builds up in the body and is released in sweat, breath and urine. Though the disorder is rare, the authors of a 2007 paper in the Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences found that many people with unexplained body odor tested positive for it.
Though not a body odor issue per se, asparagus is notorious for making urine smell funny—somewhat like rotten or boiled cabbage. It has long been debated whether only some people are capable of producing the odor or whether all people make it but only some people can smell it. In a 2011 study from the University of South Florida and Monell Chemical Senses Center, researchers confirmed that people differ both in their ability to produce the odor and in their ability to perceive it, due to genetic variations. This is certainly no reason to stop eating asparagus. No one but you is likely to notice it.


By implementing new NMR methods that were designed to map very slow exchange processes we have investigated and characterized the refolding kinetics of a thermodynamically stable 34mer RNA sequence in dynamic equilibrium. The RNA sequence was designed to undergo a topologically favored conformational exchange between different hairpin folds, serving as a model to estimate the minimal time required for more complex RNA folding processes. Chemically prepared RNA sequences with sequence-selective 15N labels provided the required signal separation and allowed a straightforward signal assignment of the imino protons by HNN correlation experiments. The 2D version of the new 1H-detected 15N exchange spectroscopy (EXSY) pulse sequence provided cross-peaks for resonances belonging to different folds that interchange on the time scale of longitudinal relaxation of 15N nuclei bound to imino protons. The 34mer RNA sequence exhibits two folds which exchange on the observable time scale (tau_obs T1{15N} < 5 s) and a third fold which is static on this time scale. A 1D version of the 15N exchange experiment allowed the measurement of the exchange rates between the two exchanging folds as a function of temperature and the determination of the corresponding activation energies Ea and frequency factors A. We found that the refolding rates are strongly affected by an entropically favorable preorientation of the replacing strand. The activation energies are comparable to values obtained for the slow refolding of RNA sequences of similar thermodynamic stability but less favorable topology.


text:
[tweetmeme source="Intellogist" only_single=false]Although Intellogist focuses on resources for patent searchers, we often explore search tools for other types of intellectual property researchers. A few weeks ago, I gave a brief overview of how to search the USPTO's Trademark Electronic Search System (TESS), an invaluable resource for trademark searchers focusing on US intellectual property. Besides patents and trademarks, copyright is the third major type of intellectual property in the US, and the US Copyright Office provides access to all copyright records from 1978 to present through the US Copyright Catalog. The US Copyright Catalog is an excellent place to start a copyright search, although you may want professional searchers to help you with locating copyright records for important business decisions and legal matters.
Continue reading to learn about searching for copyright records through the online US Copyright Catalog!
Searching for Copyright Records
The US Copyright Catalog (from 1978-present) is available through the Copyright.gov website, which is maintained by the US Copyright Office. From the Copyright.gov homepage, users can select the "Search Copyright Records" option to view the "Search Copyright Information" webpage.
This page offers users two options:
- Search the Catalog – "Search records of registered books, music, art, and periodicals, and other works. Includes copyright ownership documents." This option also provides links to information about the online catalog and a tutorial demonstrating how to use the online copyright catalog.
- Find records prior to January 1, 1978 – This option links to a publication by the US Copyright Office about searching for early copyright records (prior to 1978).
Choose the link to "Search the Catalog" to open the public catalog search interface. Users can choose from two search options on the interface:
- Basic Search – Enter a term in the search form and select a field from the menu of options to search within (title, name, keyword, registration number, document number, or command keyword). Descriptions of search types and various hints for effective searching are displayed on the bottom half of the page. Users may define the number of records they want to display per page (10, 25, 50, or 100), and they can also select the "Set Search Limits" option to filter results by date or item type. Choose the "Begin Search" button to conduct the search, or clear the search form through the "Reset" button.
- Other Search Options – Choose this tab to utilize a fielded search interface, where users can enter search terms in one or two text boxes (connected by a selected Boolean operator). Beside each text box, users can select how the terms in the box will be interpreted (select to search for any of the terms, all of the terms, or treat the terms as a phrase). Users can also select a field for each text box through an adjacent drop-down menu of options. Search tips are displayed below the form. Finally, the user can define the number of records they want to display per page (10, 25, 50, or 100), and they can also select the "Set Search Limits" option to filter results by date or item type. Choose the "Begin Search" button to conduct the search, or clear the search form through the "Reset" button.
Viewing Copyright Records
After conducting a search, a list of titles will be displayed. At the top of the results page, the full query ("Search Request") and number of search results will be displayed. The results are displayed in a table that includes a numbered link to the full record, the record author, full title, and date of the record. The table can be re-sorted by title, name, or date (ascending/descending), and the result set can be filtered by date or item type through the "Set Search Limits" option. Select the check boxes beside each relevant result in the table, and records can be printed, saved, or emailed through the options displayed at the bottom of the page.
Choose the linked number in the table to view the full record. Full records can be saved, printed, or emailed. Names are often linked in the full record, so users can view lists of copyright records associated with a particular claimant or author name.
From the horizontal menu at the top of the screen on each page of the catalog, users can select from the following options:
- Help – View help tips associated with the particular search form or display that you are currently utilizing.
- Search – Return to the "Basic Search"/"Other Search Options" form.
- History – View a list of past search queries. Queries created through the "Other Search Options" form may be combined with other past queries. Select the hyperlinked number in the "Edit" column to edit the query directly within the search form. It should be noted that "Search History does not retain information about Search Limits. When a search is re-executed or edited, any current limits in effect will be used instead of limits previously specified."
- Titles – View the list of results from your current search.
- Start Over – Clear the current search history and limits.
The US Copyright Catalog provides a no-frills search interface that may confuse novice searchers with the text-heavy fielded search forms and frustrate expert searchers with the lack of a command line interface. I found some bright spots with the site interface, such as the option to combine past search queries and the easy menu for selecting, saving, and emailing/printing search results and full records. Overall, the main problem with the US Copyright Catalog is the coverage that only dates back to 1978. If you need to search for copyright records prior to 1978, you'll most likely need to visit the Copyright Public Records Reading Room at the Library of Congress. Luckily, there are expert searchers who can do the hard work for you: contact Landon IP for more information!
Do you know of any other copyright search resources? Let us know in the comment section!
This post was contributed by Joelle Mornini. The Intellogist blog is provided for free by Intellogist's parent company Landon IP, a major provider of patent searches, trademark searches, technical translations, and information retrieval services.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Landslide Hazard Analysis Using Frequency Ratio Model
Jadda, Mehrnoosh (2009) Landslide Hazard Analysis Using Frequency Ratio Model. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.
In the north part of Iran (Alborz Mountain belt), landslides occur frequently due to climatologic and geologic conditions and high tectonic activities, that results, annually, millions of dollars financial defect excluding casualties and unrecoverable resources. The reliable hazard map would help to mitigate the consequences of landslide occurrences by land-use management and other strategies. This paper evaluates the hazardous area in Marzan Abad (Central Alborz, North part of Iran) using probabilistic–Frequency ratio (PFR) model, Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote sensing techniques. Hazardous areas have been analyzed and mapped using the landslide occurrence factors by frequency ratio model.In GIS platform, layers such as geology, geomorphology, soil, slope, aspect, elevation, annual precipitation, land use, distance from faults, lineaments, roads and drainages were displayed, manipulated and analyzed. The validation of hazard map has been estimated with the validation group of actual landslides and rate curves method. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) evaluates how well the method predicts landslides. The results have showen satisfactory agreement between prepared hazard map and existing data on total landslide locations (93.60%) and validation group of landslide locations (91.68%) So, the methodology used in this study was validated. Final hazard map classified in five hazardous classes (very high, high, moderate, low and non hazardous area). Receiver Operating Characteristic curve method (ROC curve) was used to validate the classification and based on its area under the curve value, final classification was evaluated as excellent classification (AUC=0.94). This study evaluates geology, soil and distance to road networks as the most effective factors on landslide analysis and deep valleys, old landslide traces, area near the roads and faults as the most hazardous areas for landslide occurrence in Marzan Abad area.
Repository Staff Only: Edit item detail


text:
There are four main elements for a good cold storage that the world literature have agreed in common. Insulation, volume that is sufficient for the needs, a storage that is proper to the product that wants to be stored and a proper cooling system. The essential element for these is carrying out the right insulation, but it has been agreed that the most suitable material for insulation are the panels that are filled with polyurethane. To date, many materials have been used for insulation in the last 10 years is no longer the most suitable material is polyurethane panels is concluded. The cost of energy is very high in our country, if the insulation is not done correctly in a cold storage depot, the desired efficiency and the desired conditions can never been achieved even if the best devices are used and the operating cost increases.
TERMODIZAYN considering this point, is offering its cooling system to your use together with the right insulation and panels which can provide the cooling system that are being developed especially for the cold storage depot.


text:
Firm Inattention and the Transmission of Monetary Policy: A Text-Based Approach
63 Pages Posted: 9 Aug 2021
Date Written: August 4, 2021
This paper provides direct evidence of the importance of firm attention to macroeconomic dynamics. We construct a text-based measure of firm attention to macroeconomic news and document firm attention that is polarized and countercyclical. Differences in attention lead to asymmetric responses to monetary policy: expansionary monetary shocks raise stock returns of attentive firms more than those of inattentive firms, and contractionary shocks lower returns of attentive firms by less. We interpret the findings using a quantitative model of rationally inattentive firms and calibrate parameters for information frictions using our text-based measure. In the model, firms invest in attention endogenously and face heterogeneous information costs. Less attentive firms adjust prices slowly in response to monetary innovations, which yields non-neutrality. As average attention varies over the business cycle, so does the efficacy of monetary policy.
Keywords: Rational inattention, monetary policy, natural language processing
JEL Classification: D83, E44, E52
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation


text:
You'll need to put one picture on top of another at some point in your design career. You can do many different things, like adding effects, making composite photographs, using multiple exposures, and creating collages.
To do this, first, you must determine which picture you want to put on your base image. Then you can place the foreground picture by simply dragging it from another location onto your Photoshop work. You can also use the Copy and Paste functions to do this.
Keep reading below for more information.
How To Put One Picture On Top Of Another In Photoshop
You can put one picture on top of another in Photoshop by following the simple steps in this section.
For more information on this topic, watch the video below:
Step 1: Select Your Pictures
Depending on how precise you need to be with the fine-tuning, this can take a while. But the majority of the time, it goes quite quickly.
The hardest part, in my opinion, is choosing the ideal image for the overlay. It becomes more difficult as you try to visualize putting numerous photos on top of one another. However, this approach is innovative and enjoyable because of the almost limitless possibilities!
Step 2: Add the Top Image
- Open Photoshop and begin with your background image.
- You can accomplish this in a few different ways. Pick up the overlay picture and place it right on top of the underlying image (from a folder or another location). It'll appear as a fresh layer.
- The overlay picture may also be opened in Photoshop independently. To copy a picture, use Control + C (Command + C) after selecting the whole image with Control + A (Command + A). To paste it, return to the base picture and press Control + V (Command + V). It will once again appear as a new layer.
This technique proves to be quite useful when you simply want to use a portion of the overlay picture.
Step 3: Choose a Blending Mode
The current result obviously won't work, as the upper layer entirely obscures the image underneath. One of Photoshop's 27 blending modes may be used to combine the two images seamlessly.
- To set the blending mode, choose the top layer and select the box (which shows Normal by default).
Knowing how every one of the blending modes in the menu that will display works is a complicated subject that is outside the scope of this tutorial. Photoshop will provide a preview when you hover your cursor over each type to get an idea of how it operates.
- For this tutorial, we will choose Screen. With this blending setting, the image's brightest areas are preserved while its darkest areas are blurred.
Step 4: Resize and Position
If the actual picture is larger than the overlay, you need to enlarge it since you want it to fill the entire image. Occasionally, you might want it only partially to cover the original image. The procedure is the same, regardless of your requirements.
- Press Control + T (Command + T) to launch the Transform tool while the top layer is chosen. The layer will be surrounded by a box with squares in each corner. To alter the size of certain boxes, click and drag them.
- Additionally, you may flip a picture horizontally or vertically by right-clicking on it and choosing the relevant option.
Step 5: Edit the Picture
You can make a few modifications in case the top layer is a touch-distracting.
- Start by removing the overlay from some of the image's areas. This will serve to bring the viewer's attention to the subject rather than distract from it.
- To do this, you must make a mask and remove the top parts from the desired areas with a brush. Click the "mask" option at the end of the Layers panel while the top layer is chosen. The top layer will then show a white mask.
- You may choose a brush by pressing B on the keyboard or choosing the Brush tool from the toolbox on the left.
- You can now use black as the foreground color when painting over the regions where you wish to take the overlay off. Gently remove the most distracting portions of the top layer since you don't want to remove too much of it or it will appear out of place.
- The effect could, however, be a little too intense. In that case, reduce the layer's opacity by altering the percentage in the opacity box to correct it.
- For this tutorial, we recommend you set it to 65%.
- Add a final touch by slightly modifying the color to resemble the original image. Select the adjustment layer button at the end of the Layers panel. It looks like a circle that is just partially filled. Next, select Hue/Saturation.
- Clip the adjustment layer to the overlay layer in the window that appears. This will instruct Photoshop only to make the alterations to the picture that is on top. Then tweak the hue, saturation, and lightness sliders until you arrive at a design you prefer.
And there we go. This tutorial showed how you can put one picture on top of another in Photoshop and even blend them. It's a simple skill that you must learn if you want to create amazing designs. Happy editing!


Site menu:
New DocsTeach Activity: Petition Against the Annexation of Hawaii
by on March 25, 2014
In our newest activity on, students analyze a petition signed by over 50% of the native Hawaiian population against it becoming a part of the United States. Petition Against Annexation of??? challenges students to use context clues within this petition to figure out which specific territorial acquisition this petition relates to in US History.
Petition against the Annexation of Hawaii
We suggest teaching with this activity in units related to US imperialism, manifest destiny, and the growth of the United States. Students should have some background related to the issues that led to the United States taking a larger role in the world at the turn of the 20th century. Students in grades 6-12 may complete this activity individually, in small groups or as a full class activity. Approximate time needed is 15 minutes. The activity can be found under The Emergence of Modern America (_PHONE_) or directly at
The sole document used in this activity is a selection from a single page of an over 500 page petition sent to Congress from native Hawaiians. More than 21,000 native Hawaiians—out of a population of less than 40,000—signed this petition opposing the annexation of Hawaii. Their actions contributed to the defeat of a proposed annexation treaty.
Begin by asking students to read and analyze the petition from the native inhabitants of a future territory against the US annexing their homeland. Since this activity uses the Focusing on Details: White Out/Black Out Tool, the specific name of the territory is obscured and students must use clues from other parts of the document to determine which territory it is.
Ask the students to examine the document and answer the following questions:
 - What type of document is it?
 - Who wrote the document?
 - To whom was it written?
 - What is the date of the document?
 - Why do you suppose it was written in two languages?
 - What was the purpose of the document?
Based on the evidence, ask students to offer hypotheses about which annexation in US history this petition is about. After discussing their educated guesses, inform students that this is a petition against the US annexation of Hawaii. Inform students that this petition contributed to a defeat of a proposed treaty to annex Hawaii. As a result of the petition, only 46 Senators in favor of the resolution to annex, less than the 2/3 majority needed for approval of a treaty.
Hawaii DT 2
Tell students that victory was shortlived, however as unfolding world events soon forced the annexation issue to the forefront again. With the explosion of the U.S.S. Maine in February 1898 signaling the start of the Spanish-American War, establishing a mid-Pacific fueling station and naval base became important to the United States. The Hawaiian islands were the clear choice, and this time Congress annexed the Hawaiian islands by Joint Resolution (which requires only a simple majority) on July 12, 1898.
The activity will encourage classroom discussion whether or not the US should have annexed Hawaii. Since lawmakers initially listened to the will of the Hawaiian people, but changed their minds following the outbreak of the Spanish-American War (something that had nothing directly to do with native Hawaiians), ask students if they believe our annexation was a justified action.
 - If this petition was signed by over 50% of the native population, do you think the United States should have annexed it? Why or why not?
This activity is adapted from an article published in Social Education by Wynell Schamel and Charles E. Schamel.
Write a comment


text:
Apotheosis of Peter's Military Glory
"Apotheosis of Peter's Military Glory" exalts Tsar Peter the Great (1672–1725) as a wise ruler and military leader. The print shows Peter standing on a pedestal depicting battle scenes, surrounded by portraits of the 33 tsars and grand dukes who ruled Russia from the ninth century to the beginning of Peter's reign in 1682. Labels beneath the portraits provide brief information about each ruler. Behind Peter stretches a chain of maps of the fortresses that he seized in battle. The work was commissioned by the Russian state...

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Conference presentations
Session 1: The future of higher education: challenges and policy directions
Session 2: The future of access and attainment: some findings from the CERI project on the future of higher education
Session 3: New vehicles for enhancing access and achievement in higher education
Session 4: The future of access and attainment: challenges and opportunities
A: How might new technologies and pedagogies contribute to quality access in the future?
B: Sector differentiation, student achievement and quality in higher education
C: Diverse equity challenges for the future
Session 7: Impact of globalisation on higher education: towards convergence or sustained diversity?
Session 8: Quality higher education in the era of globalisation
A: Quality assurance and learning outcomes: what next?
B: International mobility and innovation: future prospects
C: Labour market changes and the future of higher education
Session 9: Best future scenarios for higher education?
Session 10: Concluding remarks and next steps
Documents connexes
Also AvailableEgalement disponible(s)


text:
BusinessObjects Dashboards Training – Beginner
BOX310 – SAP BusinessObjects Dashboards training for beginners
This training course is intended for those who have little or no experience of using BusinessObjects Dashboards and would like to gain understanding into the tool's basic functions. The two-day course will teach you how to build interactive dashboards and connect them to live data sources, which in turn can facilitate the decision-making process within your organisation. By the end of the training you will appreciate how efficiently you can turn your data into visually compelling analytics with SAP's BusinessObjects Dashboards software.
BusinessObjects Dashboards Training – Beginner Content:
Duration: 2 days
During the training course the following topics will be covered:
BusinessObjects Dashboards Training – Beginner Goals:
Basic knowledge of Excel spreadsheets is essential for success on this training course.
Also recommended are the following competencies:
BusinessObjects Dashboards Training – Beginner Audience:
This training course is intended for anyone who needs to build and distribute interactive and connected dashboards based on Microsoft Excel workbooks.
Particular job roles that may benefit include: Application Consultants, Business Analysts, and Business Process Owners/Team Leads/Power Users.
For any questions please feel free to contact us.


text:
Chapter 1: Introduction to the Mass Storage System
The mass storage system at Fermilab has three major components:
- Enstore, the principal mass storage component; Enstore provides access to data on tape or other storage media both local to a user's machine and over networks.
- A namespace (implemented by PNFS), which presents the storage media library contents as though the data files existed in a hierarchical UNIX file system.
- dCache, a data file caching system; dCache is implemented as a front-end to Enstore.
1.1 About Enstore
Enstore is the mass storage system implemented at Fermilab as the primary data store for large data sets. Its design was inspired by the mass storage architecture at DESY, and it originates from discussions with the DESY designers. Enstore is designed to provide high fault tolerance and availability sufficient for the RunII data acquisition needs, as well as easy administration and monitoring. It uses a client-server architecture which provides a generic interface for users and allows for hardware and software components that can be replaced and/or expanded.
Enstore has two major kinds of software components:
- the Enstore servers, which are software modules that have specific functions, e.g., maintain database of data files, maintain database of storage volumes, maintain configuration, look for error conditions and sound alarms, communicate user requests down the chain to the tape robots, and so on. See Chapter 8: Overview of the Enstore Servers.
- encp, a program for copying files directly to and from the mass storage system. See Chapter 6: Copying Files with Encp
Enstore can be used directly only from on-site machines. Off-site users are restricted to accessing Enstore via dCache, and in fact on-site users are encouraged to go through dCache as well.
Enstore supports both automated and manual storage media libraries. It allows for a larger number of storage volumes than slots. It also allows for simultaneous access to multiple volumes through automated media libraries. There is no preset upper limit to the size of a data file in the enstore system; the actual size is limited by the physical resources. The lower limit on the file size is zero. The upper limit on the number of files that can be stored on a single volume is about 5000.
Enstore allows users to search and list contents of media volumes as easily as they search native file systems. The stored files appear to the user as though they exist in a mounted UNIX directory. The mounted directory is actually a distributed virtual file system in PNFS namespace containing metadata for each stored file. Enstore eliminates the need to know volume names or other details about the actual file storage.
Users typically access Enstore via the dCache caching system. The protocols supported by dCache include dccp, gridftp (globus-url-copy), kerberized ftp and weakly-authenticated ftp (these are described in Chapter 5: Using the dCache to Copy Files to/from Enstore). On-site users may bypass dCache and use the encp program, the Enstore copy command roughly modeled on UNIX's cp, to copy files directly to and from storage media.
There are several installed Enstore systems at Fermilab. Currently these include CDFEN for CDF RunII, D0EN for D0 RunII, and STKEN for all other Fermilab users. Web-based monitoring for the Enstore systems is available at _URL_ Currently, all storage libraries are tape libraries. The Computing Division operates and maintains the tape robots, slots, and other tape equipment, but for the present, experiments provide and manage their own volumes.
1.2 PNFS Namespace
PNFS is a virtual file system package that implements the Enstore namespace. It was written at DESY. PNFS is mounted like NFS, but it is a virtual file system only. It maintains file grouping and structure information via a set of tags in each directory. The encp program communicates this information between PNFS and the Enstore servers when it uploads or downloads a data file.
PNFS can only be mounted on machines that are physically at the lab1. When a user copies a data file from disk to the Enstore system, he or she specifies its destination in terms of a PNFS directory. The data file gets copied to a storage volume (selected according to the tags of the specified PNFS directory) and a corresponding metadata entry is created in the PNFS directory. This entry takes the name given in the encp command line or in the protocol-specific dCache command. It contains metadata about the data file, including information about the file transfer, the data storage volume on which the data file resides, the file's location on the volume, and so on.
To browse file entries in the Enstore system, on-site users can mount their experiment's PNFS storage area on their own computers, and interact with it using standard non-I/O UNIX operating system utilities (see section 4.1 UNIX Commands You can Use in PNFS Space). Normal UNIX permissions and administered export points are used for preventing unauthorized access to the name space.
The dCache was originally designed as a front-end for a set of Hierarchical Storage Managers (HSMs), namely Enstore, EuroGate and DESY's OSM. (It has since been further developed and can be implemented stand-alone. We do not address the stand-alone functionality in this manual.) When used as a front-end to an HSM, dCache can be viewed as an intermediate "relay station" between client applications and the HSM (Enstore, in our case). Client systems communicate with dCache via any of a number of protocols, listed in 1.3.3 Protocols for Communicating with dCache. DCache communicates with Enstore (in a manner transparent to the user) via a high-speed ethernet connection. The dCache decouples the potentially slow network transfer (to and from client machines) from the fast storage media I/O in order to keep Enstore from bogging down.
Data files uploaded to the dCache from a user's machine are stored on highly reliable RAID disks pending transfer to Enstore. Files already written to storage media that get downloaded to the dCache from Enstore are stored on ordinary disks.
The dCache is installed at Fermilab on a server machine on which the /pnfs root area is mounted. Since PNFS namespace can only be mounted on machines in the fnal.gov domain, off-site users may only access Enstore via the dCache. On-site users are strongly encouraged to go through the dCache as well. We discuss dCache in more depth in Chapter 5: Using the dCache to Copy Files to/from Enstore.
Read more general information about the dCache at the DESY site: _URL_.
The principal advantages of using the dCache are:
- Optimized usage of existing tape drives due to transfer rate adaption.
- Possible usage of slower and cheaper drive technology without overall performance reduction.
- Optimized usage of the robot systems by coordinated read and write requests.
- Better usage of network bandwidth by exploring the best location for the data.
- No explicit staging required to access the data.
- Ability to do posix-like IO reads and writes to data files instead of transferring entire files.
- Working ROOT interfaces.
- Tapeless data methods, raw data to reconstruction to analysis to users.
- Written to tape as 'by-product'; no tape delays.
- Pnfs does not have to be mounted for access to the data.
- Same access to storage system, on and off site. Strong authentication, both gss and gsi to the data. Native and ftp access to the data.
- The access methods for data would be uniform, independent of data's media location.
- Even without the back-end HSM (e.g., Enstore), the dCache system could be seen as a huge data store with a unique namespace and standardized access methods. Care will be taken that valuable data resides on safe disks as long as no HSM copy exists. Back-end storage to the HSM can be done regularly (policy based) or by manual intervention only.
- A joint DESY-FNAL effort makes the use of manpower more efficient and guarantees continued support and maintenance of the developed software.
1.3.3 Protocols for Communicating with dCache
Whenever an application needs to talk to the dCache, it has to choose an appropriate door into the system. There are a number of different dCache doors through which users/applications can send requests to Enstore. Doors are protocol converters from the dCache point of view, and they are responsible for strong authentication, as necessary. One door may be for Kerberized ftp read/write access, another for dcap (dCache native C API), gridftp, weakly authenticated ftp read-only access, and so on. Each experiment determines which door(s) its experimenters may use, and communicates this information to the Enstore administrators who manage the doors' configurations. Most doors are for native transfers, and are local. See Chapter 5: Using the dCache to Copy Files to/from Enstore for more information.


text:
North America vs. Europe Billion
Date: July 2007
We are having a discussion about how many zeros are in a billion.
We have Googled this topic, and we are getting different information.
My Hispanic employees are stating that there are 12 zeros in a billion.
When we Googled a billion in Spanish, they are correct. When we Google a
billion in English I am correct in stating that there are 9 zeros.
In the US there are one thousand millions in a billion....
ten to the 9. The European billion is a million millions....
ten to the 12. One of the many ways that the world is not one...
are you familiar with the US gallon and the Imperial (British) gallon?
They, too, are different. Again, the US measure is smaller.
There are 9 zeros in 1 billion: 1,000,000,000. 12 zeros is 1 trillion.
A billion is 1,000,000,000 which has 9 zeros. A thousand has 3 zeros, a
million has 6 zeros, and a trillion has 12.
In Spanish the word for trillion is billon (with an accent over the o,
billion is mil millones) so maybe you can split lunch?
Stanford Department of Chemistry
I had not heard of this, but a quick Googling seems to confirm the tale.
Different places have different names for numbers, depending on which scale
you choose to adopt.
There are lots of references on-line that go into great detail, here is what I
This one explains the long scale and short scale:
Answers.com gives the same info:
And an article on a site called Eyeful Tower gives the same info:
NIST SI prefixes: _URL_
I hope this answers your question,
Unfortunately, you will have to go "Dutch".
What Americans call billions are, in Europe "a thousand millions".
Their billions are out trillions. Go figure, but then they use periods
for commas and a comma for the decimal point in numbers.
You both are correct.
Oklahoma State University - Okmulgee
Not much to say here. A "billion" means different things in the U.S.
and the rest of the world. Sort of like the U.S. being alone in the world
in not using the metric system for measurements.
Department of Physics and Astronomy
University of Wyoming
NOTE: The ^ in the following text means 'to the power of'.
The word 'billion' literally means million to the power of two (bi),
hence the proper billion is 1 million-million (10^12).
Likewise 'trillion' literally means million to the power of three
hence the proper trillion is 1 million-million-million (10^18).
This allows you to multiply by adding prefixes, eg. billion x trillion
= quintillion (2+3=5).
The American system does NOT allow you to do this.
The American billion x the American billion = American quintillion
(10^9 x 10^9 = 10^18), 2+2 does NOT equal 5.
The American billion x the American trillion is 10^9 x 10^12 = 10^21
(= American sextillion), 2+3 does NOT equal 6.
The American billion (10^9) should be called the sesquillion
(literally'million to the power of 1.5'). In fact, this is where the
slang word'squillion', meaning a large amount, comes from. Most
people who are 'in the know', call this amount a thousand-million.
Sorry America, but the European billion, trillion... centillion
system is actually both grammatically and mathematically correct!
... and Rey, you will have to buy your Hispanic employees lunch.
Well Rey, the original meaning for Billion was Bi-Million, and thus,
one muillion million. This is the typical European understanding of the term.
However, the typical American understanding of Billion is the next set of
decimal places after Millions. Thus, What a European would consider as a
Billion, we would typically call a Trillion.
I suppose for any authoritative answer as to which one is correct, we should
probably refer to the only people likely to use such numbers from day to day,
Mathematicians and Scientists. Both of those groups generally accept the
American version, 10^9.
Probably not a real helpful answer, but it is the most correct way I know to explain it.
I think you are all correct. There are a few instances of numbers not having
the same names in different languages. This is one of them. When scientists
communicate, they will often put numbers in both word and numeric form to
make it very clear, or you must already know how the other language uses it
when you are reading an article.
You are all winners!
You are both right; everybody wins! So everyone can pitch in and buy lunch for
everybody else. I did not know there were two definitions of billion until I
looked in Webster's Unabridged New Twentieth Century dictionary.
According to Webster's, 1. In the United States and France, a thousand millions
2. In Great Britain and Germany, a million millions (1,000,000,000,000)
So there is more than one definition. (So I guess numbers are not as "black and
white" as we would presume them to be.)
Have a great lunch with everyone!
Unfortunately, there is an ambiguous definition of the term "billion". The
increasingly accepted definition of the term "billion" is 10^9 -- i.e. "1"
followed by "9" zeros. Historically, the same term "billion" was used by some
10^12 -- i.e. "1" followed by "12" zeros. That definition has been "officially"
discarded, but may crop up in some older literature. See:
or Wikipedia discussions. the 10^9 bunch is going to get a free lunch, Enjoy.
Click here to return to the General Topics Archives
Update: June 2012


text:
- Vertex Specification
- Vertex Processing
- Vertex Post-Processing
- Primitive Assembly
- Fragment Shader
- Per-Sample Processing
Vertex Post-Processing is the stage in the OpenGL Rendering Pipeline where the vertex outputs of the Vertex Processing undergo a variety of operations. Many of these are setup for Primitive Assembly and Rasterization stages.
Primitives generated by previous stages are collected and then clipped to the view volume. Each vertex has a clip-space position (the gl_Position output of the last Vertex Processing stage). The viewing volume for a vertex is defined by:
This volume can be modified by depth clamping as well as the addition of user-defined clip-planes. The total volume that primitives are clipped to, including user-defined clip planes, is the clipping volume.
The way primitives are clipped to this clipping volume depends on the basic Primitive type:
- Points are not really "clipped". If a point is in any way outside of the clipping volume, then the primitive is discarded (ie: not rendered). Points can be bigger than one pixel, but the clipping remains; if the center of the point (the actual gl_Position value) is outside of the clipping range, it is discarded. Yes, this means that point sprites will disappear when the center moves off-screen.
Platform Issue (NVIDIA): These cards will not clip points "properly". That is, they will do what people generally want (only discard the point if it is fully off-screen), rather than what the OpenGL specification requires. Be advised that other hardware does what OpenGL asks.
- If the line is entirely outside of the volume, it is discarded. If the line is partially outside of the volume, then it is clipped; new vertex coordinates are computed for one or both vertices, as appropriate. The end-point of such a clipped vertex is on the boundary of the clipping volume.
- A triangle is clipped to the viewing volume by generating appropriate triangles who's vertices are on the boundary of the clipping volume. This may generate more than 1 triangle, as appropriate. If a triangle is entirely outside of the viewing volume, it is culled.
When primitives are clipped, new per-vertex outputs must be generated for them. These are generated via linear interpolation (in clip-space) of the output values. Flat-shaded outputs don't get this treatment.
The clipping behavior against the Z position of a vertex (ie: ) can be turned off by activating depth clamping. This is done with glEnable(GL_DEPTH_CLAMP). This will cause the clip-space Z to remain unclipped by the front and rear viewing volume.
The Z value computations will proceed as normal through the pipeline. After computing the window-space position, the resulting Z value will be clamped to the glDepthRange.
|This section needs to be filled in.|
The clip-space positions returned from the clipping stage are transformed into normalized device coordinates (NDC) via this equation:
The viewport transform defines the transformation of vertex positions from NDC space to window space. These are the coordinates that are rasterized to the output image.
The viewport is defined by a number of viewport parameters. These parameters are set by these functions:
void glDepthRangef(GLfloat nearVal, GLfloat farVal)
The second two functions set the same parameters, the near and far values of the depth range.
Given the viewport parameters, we compute the window-space coordinates via these equations:
Where x, y, width, height, nearVal, and farVal are the viewport parameters.
|Core in version||4.3|
|Core since version||4.1|
|Core ARB extension||ARB_viewport_array|
Multiple viewports can be used in OpenGL. The specific viewport for a particular primitive can be set by the Geometry Shader. If the GS does not specify a viewport, then viewport number 0 is selected. The computation works as above, except where it says "the viewport parameters", it means "the viewport parameters for the primitive's viewport index".
There are sets of viewports, indexed on the half-open range [0, GL_MAX_VIEWPORTS). Each index has its own depth range and viewport coordinates. The previously defined functions will only set the value for viewport index 0.
To set the viewport parameters for a particular index, use this pair of functions:
void glDepthRangeIndexed(GLuint index, GLdouble nearVal, GLdouble farVal)
Multiple viewport indices can be set with a single function, via these APIs:
The first index is the first viewport index to set. count is the number of viewport indices to be set by the function. v is an array of viewport values, which contains count * 4 or 2 values, depending on the function being called. The values for a single viewport index are in the same order as the arguments in the regular function calls.


text:
Odyssey 2018 - An Analysis of Transfer Learning for Domain Mismatched Text-independent Speaker Verification June 27, 2018
Chunlei Zhang, Shivesh Ranjan and John Hansen
In this paper, we present transfer learning for deep neural network based text-independent speaker verification, in the presence of a severe mismatch between the enrollment and the test data. Given a pre-trained speaker embedding network developed with out-of domain data, we explore and analyze how this pre-trained model can benefit for the in-domain speaker verification task. Two alternative strategies are investigated to perform transfer learning, i.e., vanilla transfer learning (V-TL) and curriculum learning based transfer learning (CL-TL). The proposed methods are validated on UT-SCOPE-physical speech corpus, where we create a setup to introduce mismatched evaluation conditions with the neutral and the physical task stressed speech. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of both V-TL and CL-TL techniques. Employing transfer learning based on the pre-trained model, we are able to achieve a +47.7% relative improvement over a conventional i-vector/PLDA system and a +30.6% relative improvement over a recent proposed end-to-end system, respectively.
Cite as: Zhang, C., Ranjan, S., Hansen, J. (2018) An Analysis of Transfer Learning for Domain Mismatched Text-independent Speaker Verification. Proc. Odyssey 2018 The Speaker and Language Recognition Workshop, 181-186, DOI: 10.21437/Speaker Odyssey.2018-26.


text:
More people give human names to pets
Vowel sounds, syllables important for training
It used to be that dogs were given names such as Fido, Spot and Rover. Those days are long gone."Pets are a member of the family," said Anabel Conner, who has three dogs -- Sheba, Fawn and Ella.
"The trend in naming pets is going toward more human names," said Conner, who is also the community leader of Parents Connect.Parents Connect also provides a database of more than 11,000 dog and 27,000 baby names at PetNamesWorld.com and BabyNamesWorld.com.Conner, who considers herself a name expert, said that in addition to choosing names that are more human like, there are a few rules that dog owners should follow.She said it is important to use vowel sounds and give a name that has no more than two syllables.
"They can really pick up on them. It gets too complicated with more than that, but give a name with a punch to it," she said, because a pet's name is crucial in training.
"Any pet, as soon as they can ID their name, (that) is the first step in training," Conner said.
Three syllable names are OK for pets other than dogs and cats, however.
"You can name your snake Cleopatra," she said. "It's not going to come."
She followed the rules when naming her dogs, although Fawn's name was really difficult to come up with.
"She is a husky. I wanted something to do with nature but, as she was a member of my family, too, I just wanted her to have a name that a person could have, too," Conner said.
Conner said she really likes the name Ella, so that name was easy."
Ella is a name I have always liked, and in my job as a name expert, compiling data and giving advice about baby names to people all the time -- it is one that I had seen that I really liked," she said. "It is a very popular name, though, and one that I wouldn't use for a child of my own, only because I see so many little Ellas and Bellas being named every day."
Lori Krout, creator of Dog-Paw-Print.com, agrees that dogs are being given more human names.
Her website uses research from the Veterinary Pet Insurance, one of the country's largest pet insurance companies. VPI provides the names given by the policyholders. Krout said they track names for dogs, cats, birds, reptiles and exotics.
Krout said the trend toward using human names is driven by people who view their pets like children.
"Dogs before were used for work on the farm and different occupations. People would keep them outside in a dog house," Krout said. "Nowadays, they are in the house, even sleeping in the bed sometimes."
Krout also has a few guidelines for naming a dog.
"Have fun, be creative and maybe use a theme," she said. "Also, think about that you will be calling it this all the time, so you don't want it to be some long, crazy name."
Krout said that "theme names" for families with more than one pet commonly come from movies and books, such as Thelma and Louise, or Gable and Bogart.
Krout even chose to give one of her dogs a name from a book. She has Otis, Sofie and Guinevere, who is usually called Guinny.She said Guinevere is named after a character in "Camelot."
For fans of Harry Potter, Krout has compiled a list of possible pet names from the popular series.
Her Web site also has a list of dog names with Australian origin for breeds such as the Australian cattle dog and Australian shepherd. They include names such as Bikkie and Ace. The meanings are also included.
Some people believe that giving a dog a name ending with the vowel O may make a dog think that the owner is saying, "No."
Krout said she does not believe this rule is true.She pointed to the popular dog name Coco. It is No. 16 on the list of popular girl dog names.
What's Your Ferret's Name?
While a lot of attention is placed on cat and dog names, it is becoming increasingly popular for people to give a lot of thought to the names for their other pets.
Conner said on PetNamesWorld's message boards there are several questions and comments about other pets.
One comment Conner said, "I just got a new rabbit. What should I call him?"
The site includes pet names for birds, ferrets, fish, guinea pigs, hamsters, horses, lizards, mice, pigs, rabbits, rats, snakes and turtles.
An advanced search on the site allows users to enter a name and determine if it is suitable for that type of animal. The search also helps users narrow the name's origin.
Copyright 2010, Internet Broadcasting. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


Food industry
Delta Tracking is a versatile platform that can be utilized by many businesses, especially the food industry. They need to be able to control the itinerary in movement of their products to insure their quality
So, Delta tracking is a good tool for the traceability of:
 - Raw materials,
 - Supplies
 - Product distribution.
Providing control in the logistics of the industry.
Contact us:
5 DeltaTracking Tools for the Food Industry:
1. APP Personal Tracker:
One of the main problems that the food industry has is the traceability of its distribution channels; This is where Delta Tracking technology supports you by implementing automated methods and being more competitive in this industry.
It is possible:
 1. To have total control of the sales force.
 2. Generate the necessary data.
 3. Create market projections
 4. Implement sales campaigns.
 5. And reach more people to increase profits.
Food industry
2. Multi Monitoring Screen:
The GPS tracking platform in food transportation is a useful tools specifically for handling these products.
First, you are able to adjust the established routes to deliver the products in optimal times and coverage of the different regions through the delivery units.
Secondly, it allows you to adjust the temperature control in the containers of refrigerated products, and see temperature fluctuations generated by the opening of doors and other activities, thus generating intelligent alerts that can maintain temperature values within the framework established by the producers.
In conclusion, utilizing the advantages above, food will reach suppliers and the final consumer in optimal conditions, thus guaranteeing food quality.
Food industry
3. Travel considerations:
DeltaTracking software is capable of establishing optimal routes for the safe and efficient transportation of food.
Most of the industry includes frozen, refrigerated and non-refrigerated products, as well as perishable and non-perishable products that require optimal handling.
Therefore, controlling schedules and established precise routes, the quality of products and reliability of their delivery is assured along with the good reputation of the company.
Giving industries the possibility of introducing fresh, better quality, natural and safe products to the market.
4. Monitoring Center:
Having the maximum amount of digitized information and with good management improves communication to implement new processes.
Additionally, renewing automatic equipment that raises the production of the industry.
So investment in technology is an excellent option for process automation, business savings, error reduction and data control.
Through the GPS tracking platform via the monitoring center, data will be obtained in real time from the vehicles that are operating as food transportation and thus obtain better performance.
5. Management of food vehicles:
GPS platforms are also important in controlling the proper use of the vehicles in which food is transported, so they are in optimal condition through scheduled maintenance, being corrective, predictive and recurring, monitored and scheduled through the platform. Also you can see the behaviors of drivers in different situations, such as rough handling of the units or speeding.
It allows calculating the fatigue times of each unit to be able to intervene and thus make it more productive at the operational level.
Deltatracking is a great ally to increase the quality control in the products of the food industry.
To clarify, food industries are increasingly generating data to formulate their strategies and decision making.
The DeltaTracking platform provides the necessary tools to have the largest amount of data automatically so it can be shared through different communication channels.
That is why the implementation of GPS Platforms in the food industry is of great benefit to obtain consumption information and analysis of corporate performance and quality trends.
The implementation of a GPS platform in the food industry is of vital importance, since with it, we can maximize the company's resources, both on a human and operational level.
Contact Us
Enter your name:
Your e-mail address:
Your countries zip code:


text:
Spanning trees are special subgraphs of a graph that have several important properties. First, if T is a spanning tree of graph G, then T must span G, meaning T must contain every vertex in G. Second, T must be a subgraph of G. In other words, every edge that is in T must also appear in G. Third, if every edge in T also exists in G, then G is identical to T.
Spanning trees are important in path-finding algorithms such as Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm and A* search algorithm. Spanning trees are calculated as sub-parts in those algorithms. It is also used in network routing protocols. The spanning tree protocol is one example.
There are a few general properties of spanning trees.
- A connected graph can have more than one spanning tree. They can have as many as where is the number of vertices in the graph.
- All possible spanning trees for a graph G have the same number of edges and vertices.
- Spanning trees do not have any cycles.
- Spanning trees are all minimally connected. That is, if any one edge is removed, the spanning tree will no longer be connected.
- Adding any edge to the spanning tree will create a cycle. So, a spanning tree is maximally acyclic.
- Spanning trees have edges, where is the number of vertices.
Different types of graphs have different numbers of spanning trees. Here are a few examples.
1) Complete Graphs
A complete graph is a graph where every vertex is connected to every other vertex. The number of spanning trees for a graph G with vertices is defined by the following equation:.
2) Connected Graphs
For connected graphs, spanning trees can be defined either as the minimal set of edges that connect all vertices or as the maximal set of edges that contains no cycle.
A connected graph is simply a graph that necessarily has a number of edges that is less than or equal to the number of edges in a complete graph with the same number of vertices. Therefore, the number of spanning trees for a connected graph is.
If a graph G is itself a tree, the only spanning tree of G is itself. So a tree with vertices is defined as.
4) Complete Bipartite Graph
A bipartite graph is a graph where every node can either be associated with one of two sets, or. Vertices within these sets only connect to vertices in the other. There are no intra-set edges. A complete bipartite graph then is a bipartite graph where every vertex in set is connected to every vertex in set, and vice versa.
The number of spanning trees for a bipartite graph is defined by.
5) General Graph
To calculate the number of spanning trees for a general graph, a popular theorem is Kirchhoff's theorem.
To perform this theorem, a two-dimensional matrix must be constructed that can be indexed via both row and column by the graphs' vertices. The cell in the row and column has a value that is determined by three things. If, then the value in the cell will be equal to the degree of. If and are adjacent, then the value will be. Otherwise, the value will be.
From here, an arbitrary vertex is chosen and its corresponding row and column is removed from the matrix. The determinant of this new matrix is a spanning tree.
Spanning trees can be found in linear time by simply performing breadth-first search or depth-first search. These graph search algorithms are only dependent on the number of vertices in the graph, so they are quite fast.
Breadth-first search will use a queue to hold vertices to explore later, and depth-first search will use a stack. In either case, a spanning tree can be constructed by connecting each vertex with the vertex that was used to discover it.
Unfortunately, these search algorithms are not well suited for parallel or distributed computing, an area in which spanning trees are popular. There are, however, algorithms that are designed to find spanning trees in a parallel setting.
For complete graphs, there is an exact number of edges that must be removed to create a spanning tree. For a complete graph G, a spanning tree can be calculated by removing edges. In this equation, is the number of edges, and is the number of vertices.
Minimum spanning trees are a variant of the spanning tree.
A minimum spanning tree for an unweighted graph G is a spanning tree that minimizes the number of edges or edge weights.
A minimum spanning tree for a weighted graph G is a spanning tree that minimizes the weights of the edges in the tree.
These two images show the difference between a spanning tree and minimum spanning tree. The edges that are grayed out are left out of their respective trees, but they're left in the images to show their weights.
Minimum spanning trees are very helpful in many applications and algorithms. They are often used in water networks, electrical grids, and computer networks. They are also used in graph problems like the traveling salesperson problem, and they are used in important algorithms such as the min-cut max-flow algorithm.
There are many ways to find the minimum spanning trees, but Kruskal's algorithm is probably the fastest and easiest to do by hand.
1. Find the minimum spanning tree for the graph below. What is its total weight?
The minimum spanning tree is shown below. Its total weight is 31.
- Eppstein, D. Spanning Trees. Retrieved April 10, 2016, from _URL_
- Benbennick, D. Wikipedia Complete Graph. Retrieved May 21, 2016, from _URL_
- A, L. Wikipedia Connected Graph. Retrieved May 21, 2016, from _URL_
- A, L. Wikipedia Tree. Retrieved May 21, 2016, from _URL_
- A, K. Wikipedia Complete Bipartite Graph. Retrieved May 21, 2016, from _URL_


text:
Age: around 12 to 18 months old
Time: around 5 to 10 minutes
Materials needed: some (clean!) tissues, and a box or tub
SSkills used: helps your child develop fine motor skills and practice enclosing
Who knows why but lots of toddlers seem to go through a stage when they like to shred up tissues or toilet roll!
You can provide your toddler with some tissues and show her how to rip them up, then put the ripped parts into a tub. This could be the first step to encouraging her to help tidy up as well!
Thid simple and cheap activity can keep some toddlers engrossed for long enough for you to enjoy a hot cup of tea 😉
Hope you enjoy it!


TLD contains information about a library and each tag contained in it. See Tag Library Descriptors for more information about TLDs.
The custom validator tag is defined in bookstore.tld, located in the tut-install/javaeetutorial5/examples/web/bookstore6/web/WEB-INF/ directory. It contains a tag definition for formatValidator:
The name element defines the name of the tag as it must be used in the page. The tag-class element defines the tag handler class. The attribute elements define each of the tag's attributes. The formatPatterns attribute is the only attribute that the tag supports. The deferred-value element indicates that the formatPatterns attribute accepts deferred value expressions. The type element says that the expression resolves to a property of type String.


text:
of the population are aged 40 and over, what would be the value of?The above table shows the percentage of citizens in a given country that are in a certain age group. If
The above table shows the percentage of citizens in a given country that are in a certain age group. What percentage of the population is aged 30 and above?
In the above table, students recorded down the number of peapods which had a certain number of peas in them. It was discovered that no pea pod had 5 or more peas. How many of the peapods had 2 or fewer peas in them?
The above table represents the number of days that workers in a company drive to work in the past 5 work days.
How many workers are there in the company?
Stella polled her class of 43 students and asked them for the time that they spent watching television each day.
How many students spent 2 to 3 hours watching television?


Applicable plans
Sprout Blossom Garden Estate Forest
The emails that you send to your prospects might have via appear in the from address when they receive it. If you want to hide this in your emails, it is highly recommended that you add DKIM records to your domain. The addition of DKIM records helps in delivering the emails properly and also ensures that the email tracking feature on Freshsales works with better accuracy.
Different mailboxes require different configuration steps to be followed.
To add and verify your email domain in Freshsales,
 1. Go to Admin Settings > Domain Verification > Click the Add domain button
 1. In the ADD DOMAIN box that appears, type in the name of your domain, and click Add.
 1. In the Domain list section where your newly created domain appears, click the View DNS record button.
 1. The CNAME records along with their host name and value appear.
 2. Go to your domain registrar's website. You can find your DNS provider using Whois service
 3. Login to the domain control panel.
 4. Open your DNS configuration settings.
 5. Find the page for updating your domain's DNS records. You can find it under DNS records, DNS Zone file, Advanced DNS or something similar.
 6. Add the following records.
 1. Once the records are added, in Freshsales, click Verify to verify the DNS records.
 1. Once a DNS record is verified, you will receive a success message and the status of the record will change from 'Not verified' to 'Verified'.
Note: If there are more than one verified domains, click on the Set as default button to assign a particular domain as the default domain.
 1. Once all the records are verified your domain will have the status as 'Verified' in the domain list view.
 1. Only when all your domains are verified will you be able to add a new domain.
 2. All emails are sent from Freshsales' native email service.
 3. If you have already verified your domain via your DNS provider, you will have to re-verify your DKIM records with Freshsales, as we have upgraded our email service for better email deliverability and anti-spam checks.
 4. To add a new domain, you can either edit and verify the existing domains or delete existing domains and add them again.


Lost Canadians file petition challenging federal government's interpretation of citizenship history
Federal Green Party leader Elizabeth May filed a petition today on behalf of the Lost Canadians, a citizenship advocacy group, challenging the federal government's version of the history of Canadian citizenship. The government must respond to the petition within 60 days.
Lost Canadians are a group of legitimate Canadians who have been denied citizenship due to obscure provisions of previous laws, which discriminate based on age, gender, ethnicity and marital status.
Last month, a spokesperson for Citizenship and Immigration Canada suggested the legal concept of Canadian citizenship has existed only since January 1, 1947 — the date that Canada's Citizenship Act came into effect.
"History does not support that assertion," Citizenship advocate Don Chapman said in a news release. "The government's position seems to be that Canadian citizenship was created ex nihilo on Jan. 1, 1947. In fact, the term 'Canadian citizen' has been part of the statute law since 1910, not 1947."
Based on the federal government's interpretation of citizenship, numerous people — including war veterans' children — are not legally Canadian citizens. Former citizenship minister Jason Kenney and current citizenship minister Chris Alexander have both asserted that Canadians were all British subjects prior to 1947. Surrey resident Jackie Scott — who was born in 1945 to a Canadian veteran and British war bride — was repeatedly denied citizenship despite having lived for decades in Canada, on the premise that her Ontario-born father was not a citizen in the year she was born. She is presently suing the federal government to obtain her citizenship documents.
"So what they're basically saying is that people like Sir John A. Macdonald and (Nobel prize winner) Sir Frederick Banting were basically a couple of British subjects, and not Canadian citizens," he said. Chapman said it would mean that every Canadian soldier who died before 1947 for the country was not officially a citizen, which he says is historically inaccurate.
"Prime Minister Stephen Harper is looking like he may go down in history as a Prime Minister who did not know what a Canadian citizen is."
Chapman said that archival documents show that the term 'Canadian citizen' was used by the federal government numerous times prior to 1947. A document given to soldiers by the Department of National Defence in 1943, for example, told them that they would be fighting the war as citizens of Canada.
"This debate is essentially a three-way collision between history, politics and law," Chapman said.
"The case of Jackie Scott, now before the federal court, turns in part on this question: Was the Canadian Citizenship Act 1946 a complete break with the past, or did it build on what came before? And if Canadian soldiers of the Second World War (including Ms. Scott's father) were told that they were fighting as Canadian citizens, why is the government now telling us they were not?"


text:
Desa Kolok – literally "deaf village" – in the north of Bali has a
community with a unique sociolinguistic setting. The presence of genetic
deafness over many generations has given rise to an indigenous sign
language and socio-cultural adaptations to deafness.
The village community in Desa Kolok has adapted to the presence of deafness
to an extent not known in any other community. Deaf members of the village
have special social roles such as waterpipe management, burials, and
policing of the village, and there are specific cultural and social
practices referring to deafness, including a deaf god in the local variety
of Hinduism and myths about the origin of deafness in the village.
The author also documents the linguistic structures of the village sign
language Kata Kolok ("deaf language") in detail. Kata Kolok differs from
most other known sign languages with respect to the use of the sign space
in its linguistic system: the sign space is not used metaphorically to
refer to non-spatial concepts such as time, transitivity, or logical
contrasts. Thus there is no metaphorical "time line" with the future in
front and the past at the back of the signer, and transitive verbs do not
have a movement from subject to object location. The author also provides a
detailed account of the patterns of language use for both signed and spoken
languages in this multilingual village.
In summary, this book paints a compelling, vivid picture of the village
community, the patterns of language use, the cultural significance of
deafness, and the structure of the sign language. The book includes a data
CD with video clips of the village and the sign language as well as colour
photographs showing daily life in the village. The book will be of interest
to sign language linguists, typologists, linguistic anthropologists,
sociolinguists, and specialists in language documentation and field
This book is published by Ishara Press, an ethically responsible publisher
in the field of sign language studies.


text:
|Islam in Panama|
There are 24,000 Muslims in Panama or 0.7% of the population. The first Muslims came to Panama as slaves from Africa brought by the Spaniards, to work the gold mines in 1552. |
A group of Muslim Mandinka slaves numbering 500 escaped from a sinking ship and maintained their independence. They elected Bayano as leader and he led them in their fight against the colonialists. They were steadfast on Islam and built mosques. Bayano made covenants with the Governor of Panama to live in peace but the Spaniards eventually crushed them. Bayano was captured. The river Bayano is named after this Muslim leader.
The second wave of Muslims came from 1904. Muslims from Lebanon and India came and married local women. The formed an organization and built a place of worship in Panama City. Muslims of West Indian descent from Jamaica, Trinidad and Barbados also settled in Panama. In 1963 a Muslim cemetery was bought.
The first official mosque was inaugurated in 1982. There are 10 mosques in the country presently. Islam enjoys a prominent place in Panama society. The vast majority of Muslims are of Lebanese, Palestinian and Indian descent. In Colon, Muslims and Jews form the majority of the traders. There are several Muslim organizations in Panama.
|< Prev||Next >|


Three-Phase Distribution or Transmission Lines
Electrical power lines that carry electric energy from one point to another in an electric power system, using three power lines, to transmit three different electrical signals. The phases, or electrical signals, required for most large rotating machines which are used in many manufacturing processes and for many commercial/large wind turbines. The U.S. Department of Labor: Occupational Safety & Health Administration has a great online guide illustrating generation, transmission, and distribution equipment in an easy to understand format:
The amount of electric power drawn at a specific time from an electric system, or the total power drawn from the system. Peak load is the amount of power drawn at the time of highest electrical demand. Or a device or aggregation of devices that are connected to an electrical system that consume electrical power.
Dual Line Feed
A dual line is a second, redundant transmission line connecting a turbine to the grid that allows your project to generate power even if the first line is taken out of service.
Windustry Newsletter - Winter 2000/2001
August 3, 2000 - 2:57pm -- Anonymous
Winter 2000/2001 Newsletter
Cultivating a U.S. Wind Energy Vision
Subscribe to Transmission


text:
The world is going to end? Dear, God! It was on the news recently, yes — about how the Apocalypse was coming (thankfully, a complete and total fallacy). But, Christ have mercy, we're talking about how vegetables can be harmful? To kids? Really? The world would have to end if that was the case –
Don't worry, the world's not going to end, but be surprised — there are situations when vegetables can be harmful to eat. Contact all the class action attorneys in Los Angeles while you can. Keep these possibilities in mind, because the next piece of broccoli your child eats might be his or her last (not really!)
Wash your vegetables before you prepare or eat them. This is especially true if you're worried about pesticides. They can be harmful. Many use water to wash their veggies, but do you know there are products out there that are designed to literally eliminate contaminants as well as clean the skins? Open your eyes. Some people even use soap and water to wash their veggies. That's smarts.
There couldn't be anything fresher than growing your own produce — but, again, be careful. A wealth of poisons exist and can be detrimental to the health of your children if they contaminate the veggies in your garden. So whenever your kids are out there helping with the produce, make sure they're not pulling the hollies or yuccas out as well.
Who would've thought veggies would be harmful? It's not their fault, though. Don't worry — with a little vigilance, your kids can enjoy those Brussels sprouts with ease.


text:
The main difference between a drama and theatre is that dramas are written versions of plays, while theatres are animated renditions of play texts. Dramas and theatres both tell the story of plays, but the story exists only on paper in dramas, and only onstage during theatrical performances. Although they may cover the same topic, there are some fundamental differences between play versions that exist in plain text and those that are acted.
As with novels and works of art, people reading a drama or enjoying a theatrical performance may have different interpretations of the play being described. As with films and movies based on books, there are often different interpretations of plays expressed through theatre performances instead of plain text.
Shows are intended to be engaging and expressive and include several factors, such as lighting, characters, directors and designers. All involved in the theatre production process have different views of the play being transformed, and vary in their visions of how the written work translates to action.
Dramas are typically longer than theatrical performances and contain considerably more detail. Another key difference between dramas and theatre is that dramas involve the direct interaction between author and readers, while theatre performances require people to interpret original works and describe them to audiences.


AAAI Publications, Thirty-Second AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence
Font Size:
Kernel Cross-Correlator
Chen Wang, Le Zhang, Lihua Xie, Junsong Yuan
Last modified: 2018-04-29
Cross-correlator plays a significant role in many visual perception tasks, such as object detection and tracking. Beyond the linear cross-correlator, this paper proposes a kernel cross-correlator (KCC) that breaks traditional limitations. First, by introducing the kernel trick, the KCC extends the linear cross-correlation to non-linear space, which is more robust to signal noises and distortions. Second, the connection to the existing works shows that KCC provides a unified solution for correlation filters. Third, KCC is applicable to any kernel function and is not limited to circulant structure on training data, thus it is able to predict affine transformations with customized properties. Last, by leveraging the fast Fourier transform (FFT), KCC eliminates direct calculation of kernel vectors, thus achieves better performance yet still with a reasonable computational cost. Comprehensive experiments on visual tracking and human activity recognition using wearable devices demonstrate its robustness, flexibility, and efficiency. The source codes of both experiments are released at
cross-correlator; correlation filter; visual tracking; template matching
Full Text: PDF


Iraqi cuisine has developed over the course of a long and rich history. Oldest known recipes in the world come from Iraq, and were inscribed on Babylonian tablets going back to 1700 BCE. Boiling the meat into stew with spices and other ingredients was the basic culinary technique. Garlic, coriander and mint appear in these recipes, as does cumin, a spice that has retained its ancient name to the present day.
Iraqis have a deep appreciation for their own cuisine. They view each part of the animal as healthy and nutritious, and make sure to cook all the organs, including the heart, kidneys and liver, brain, feet, eyes, and ears. Comparing the Babylonian recipes to what we know of medieval cuisine and present-day culinary practices suggests that the stews represent an early stage of a long tradition that is still dominant in Iraqi cuisine. Boiling the meat into stew with spices and other ingredients was the basic culinary technique. Iraqi Pache is prepared almost in similar ways as are described in the tablets.
The head, called pache, of the sheep is considered to be a delicacy, very healthy and delicious in Iraq, and commonly eaten by men so they become strong. Pache (pronounced as pah-chay), averitable witch's brew of sheep offal, is celebrated as rare delicacy, having its origin in early Mesopotamian civilisation. Another charm that adds on to the wacky tinge of this adventure food is that is made with a Sheep's (or goat's or lamb's) head, the stomach and its hooves (cleaned and processed under sanitary measures) boiled slowly, mashed up and served with khubz (flatbread) sunken in hot, watery and oily broth.
I am quite adventurous in tasting foods so I went for Pache. Prepared well, pache rewards the intrepid diner with a delicate meaty flavour that is never overshadowed by the rich patina of fat. This special delicacy could almost terrify anyone else from any other part of the world! If you can skip the notion of eating the head, it's a must try for all the adventurist folks out there. The textures of the different parts combine, while the lemon and garlic (not to mention the obsessive cleaning) chase away any gaminess one might expect in such a dish.
Please add a comment if you enjoyed this post.
You are commenting using your account. Log Out / Change )
Google photo
Twitter picture
Facebook photo
Connecting to %s
%d bloggers like this:


CRT Logo
Welcome to Cambridge Refrigeration Technology
ICCT - Mission Statement
Mission Statement
To achieve effective coordination of technical developments within the environment in order to ensure consistent and cost effective management of temperature sensitive cargo.
 - To guide market developments in order to encourage greater coordination of goals and harmonisation of development timescales through a process of education and awareness.
 - To coordinate the application of existing standards and codes of practice and define best safe practice.
 - To advance technical ideas which will give input to the design construction and installation of equipment and in turn develop coordinated performance criteria.
 - To increase awareness of effective environmental measures.
Terms of Reference
 1. Identify each component in the cold chain from harvest to retail sale.
 2. Identify/determine future trends within each component sector of the cold chain.
 3. Through analysis determine the initial technical factors which are common to a range of sectors and which, if co-ordinated, would enable improvements to be identified and for new technology to be trialled across sectors in a comprehensive manner.
 4. Identify barriers (technical, legislative, commercial or environmental) which prevent the successful co-ordination of the cold chain.
 5. Identify and promote best safe practice position assuming that within reason barriers could be removed or their impact restricted.
 6. Identify of arguments that could be exploited in order to influence relevant national or international authorities with the objective of tackling the barrier identified.
 7. Identify and summarise all significant international research in areas relevant to ICCT and if appropriate commission further research. The results of this work should be communicated widely within ICCT.
 8. For ICCT to achieve, its potential members must be prepared to take on the identity of ICCT and where possible and appropriate suspend corporate standpoints.
related information
Cambridge Refrigeration Technology Contact Details


- adj. Of, relating to, or being a satellite that travels above Earth's equator from west to east at an altitude of approximately 35,900 kilometers (22,300 miles) and at a speed matching that of Earth's rotation, thus remaining stationary in relation to Earth.
 - adj. Of, relating to, or being the orbit of such a satellite.
from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License
 - adj. At a fixed distance in three dimensions relative to a particular point on the Earth's surface; generally only possible with orbital satellites.
 - adj. of or having a geosynchronous orbit such that the position in such an orbit is fixed with respect to the earth
Sorry, no etymologies found.


text:
|This article does not cite any references or sources. (February 2011)|
The Venus symbol (♀) is a depiction of a circle with a small cross below it. The symbol is historically associated with the Roman goddess Venus or the Greek goddess Aphrodite. It has a Unicode designation of U+2640, and is used in various media to represent things associated in some way with the mythological character, including:
- The female sex
- The planet Venus
- The chemical element copper
- Feminism in philosophy and sociology
- The female connector in a pair of mating connectors or fasteners
It is also believed by some to represent a hand mirror, with the top half of the symbol representing the actual mirror, and the bottom half representing the handle of the mirror.


Before creating a communication plan, we often recommend that schools and districts conduct a communication audit. In many ways, an audit sets the stage for more meaningful communication planning.
Through a communication audit, you can gain a better understanding of stakeholders' perceptions of your school or district, get a sense of what stakeholders think about your current communication efforts and determine which types of information are of particular interest to your stakeholders. It also allows you to find out how your stakeholders prefer to be informed.
While school district communication audits can take many forms, there are a couple key components common to most of them:
1) Inventory of current practices
As an initial step, an audit features a review of all of a school district's current communication practices, including the methods used to reach stakeholders. For example, does the district currently use social media, direct mail or e-newsletters?
Through this process, you can determine, in broad strokes, what is working well and any potential areas of improvement.
2) Community and staff surveys
A great method of gathering valuable feedback from stakeholders is to conduct a survey focused on the district's current communication efforts. This typically centers on a survey of community members and staff. A survey allows you to capture baseline data related to how people come to think about the district, where they get their information and the challenges they experience in obtaining news and information about the district.
In general, it is best practice to leave surveys open for 20-30 days. Specific efforts should be taken during this time to ensure a solid response rate. This may include sending a postcard to all residential addresses in the district, emailing parents and staff, posting the survey to social media and distributing a news release.
In addition to a communication inventory and survey, communication audits may include focus groups. This is often a good option if there are issues or data points uncovered in the survey that need to be more closely examined.
Once you have completed a communication audit, you will have the data and information you need to engage in comprehensive communication planning. It marks the first step in your efforts to better communicate and engage with your stakeholders, which over time leads to greater overall trust between a district and its community.


text:
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
- v. To joke or quip.
- v. To make sport of.
- n. A joke or quip.
Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia
- v. intransitive To jest; play tricks; joke; jeer.
- v. transitive To mock; deride; gibe; trick; befool.
- n. a joke
GNU Webster's 1913
- v. obsolete To jest; to play tricks; to jeer.
- v. To mock; to trick.
- n. a humorous anecdote or remark intended to provoke laughter
- From Middle English japen ("to joke, play tricks"), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Old French japer ("to bark, howl, scream") (possibly conflated with Old French gaber ("to mock, deride"), see gab), related to Old Provençal japar, jaupar ("to bark, yelp, yap"), probably of Germanic origin, related to Old Saxon galpōn ("to cry loudly, make a noise, brag") (Low German galpen ("to bark, howl, scream")), Middle High German gelpfen ("to scream, bark, boast, proclaim"), Old Norse gjálpa ("to yelp") (Swedish dialectal galpa ("to cry, screech")). More at yelp, yawp, yap. (Wiktionary)
- Middle English japen, probably from Old French japer, to yap, chatter, nag, of imitative origin. (American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition)
"We don't want to criminalise a group of students, but at the same time we don't want to treat the problem as some kind of jape, either."
"Even Ponting describes the quiet as "appalling" on one of his intertitles, which otherwise often have a jolly-jape feel."
"That eye wanted to cross, to discredit Perkus Tooth's whole sober aura with a comic jape."
"The Huffington Post noted the references as well as more "jokes" in the same vein (including a video of Cooper's jape, over which David Gergen cluelessly chortles)."
"I remember when I was a young boy, 1 April fell on a Saturday, so the Football League decided to create a 'hilarious' jape by sending referees and linesmen with thematically linked names to the same game," recalls Robin Tucker."
"Cambridge Union Society's pole-dancing jape is just plain daft."
"People would halt the progress of whatever parley they were engaged in and turn to stop him in aisles and antechambers, demanding an instant jape or trick from him."
"Such little verses always made the best sort of jape."
"A little jape on himself, and one that would certainly deliver more concrete rewards than his loftier verse."
"Chef Nikki Billington and her partner Paul Watson had always made running a restaurant feel less like a business venture and more like a jolly jape."
These user-created lists contain the word 'jape'.
Words formed in imitation of the sound of the things they signify.
Words that are fun to say....
A list of words that WWF recognizes as valid - most are unusual words; some are simply high-scoring.
I marvel at the amazing variety of four-letter words in the English language. And that's not even counting really common (to me) words like fuck.
Everyone's got their favorites. Here are some of mine.
Words formed in imitation of a natural sound.
Words which are highly likely to be found in the work of learned writers.
visions of witfulness and vision - a wise guise
Looking for tweets for jape.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
All tutorial i found use some file xml, txt, or php with echo. to give vars to AS3 is there way to do it without echo or file. Say i query PHP page.php from flash with AS3 somehow and process response from page.php
var loader:URLLoader = new URLLoader();
var request:URLRequest = new URLRequest("_URL_
loader.addEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, completeHandler);
loader.addEventListener(IOErrorEvent.IO_ERROR, loaderIOErrorHandler);
loader.dataFormat = URLLoaderDataFormat.VARIABLES;
function loaderIOErrorHandler(event:IOErrorEvent):void{
 trace("ioErrorHandler: " + event);
function completeHandler (event:Event):void {
 this.text1.appendText(loader.data.mykey); //Whatever dataField1 you saved as
That works, but how do i make it query php and process its response?
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
You'd have to do it on the php side
var request:URLRequest = new URLRequest("_URL_
Etc. Basically, all you can do is an AJAX-like get request with flash, then return the data to flash.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


validates the events during postback or callback handling. For example, if a list control includes options numbered 1, 2, or 3 when the page is rendered, and if a postback request is received specifying option number 4, ASP.NET raises an exception. All event-driven controls in ASP.NET use this feature by default.
[EnableEventValidation] feature reduces the risk of unauthorized or malicious postback requests and callbacks. It is strongly recommended that you do not disable event validation.
A10-Unvalidated - Redirects and Forwards
Adding code such as
will make your site vulnerable. The attack could be initiated by sending a phishing email to a user containing a link. If the user is vigilant they may have double checked the domain of the URL before clicking. However, as the domain will match your domain which the user trusts, they will click the link unaware that the page will redirect the user to the attacker's domain.
Validation should take place on Url to ensure that it is either a relative, allowed URL or an absolute URL to one of your own allowed domains and pages. You may want to check someone isn't redirecting your users to /Logout.aspx for example. Although there may be nothing stopping an attacker from directly linking to _URL_ they could use the redirect to hide the URL so it is harder for a user to understand which page is being accessed (_URL_
The other OWASP categories are:
 - A9-Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities
of which I can't think of any to mind that are specific to C#/ASP.NET. I'll update my answer if I think of any (if you think they are relevant to your question).
share|improve this answer
add comment
IMO: The nr 1 exploitable functions, are innocent looking, but very dangerously when used without thought.
In ASP.Net Response.Write or the shortcut:
 <%= searchTermFromUser %>
In ADO.Net:
 - The string + operator:
 var sql = "SELECT * FROM table WHERE name = '" + searchTermFromUser + "'"
share|improve this answer
Never ever do SQL statements like that. Use Command.AddParameter and parameter names in queries. – jgauffin Oct 23 '10 at 20:15
Yes, that's what I mean. These are examples of exploitable code. – GvS Oct 23 '10 at 21:41
What's wrong with response.write for the website using that? – Xaqron Oct 30 '10 at 1:55
_USER_: Because it is common to forget HtmlEncode – GvS Oct 30 '10 at 19:57
_USER_: that is one path to allow [cross site scripting ](_URL_-site_scripting) – jachguate Nov 10 '10 at 3:27
show 2 more comments
Any piece of data you get from the user (or any other external source) and pass to another system or another user is a potential exploit.
If you get a string from the user and display it to another user without using HtmlEncode it's a potential exploit.
If you get a string from the user and use it to construct SQL it's a potential SQL injection.
If you get a string from the user and use it to contract a file name for Process.Start or Assembly.Load it's a remote execution vulnerability
You get the point, the danger comes from using unsanitized data, if you never pass user input to external system without sanitizing it (example: HtmlEncode) or using injection-safe interfaces (example: SQL parameters) you are relatively safe - the minute you forget to sanitize something the most innocent-looking method can become a security vulnerability.
Note: cookies, html headers and anything else that passes over a network is also data from the user, in most cases even data in your database is data from the user.
share|improve this answer
Yes data from the user is called tainted data. When tainted data reaches a "sink" function, then you have a vulnerability. Look at the list of PHP sink functions i posted at the top. – Rook Oct 26 '10 at 16:25
_USER_ - You can't possibly list all the "sink" functions, any code that is not explicitly designed to deal with possibly malicious data is a sink function - also, any code that is designed to deal with malicious data in a diffract context that you use it is a sink function (example: XmlDocument.Load is designed to detect and reject malformed or malicious XML, but if you let the user control the file you load it can be used to load your configuration files and create a really bad information disclosure vulnerability) – Nir Oct 27 '10 at 10:01
did you see my PHP link at the top? Or have you come across static analysis tools like RATS (_URL_-elements/threat-intelligence/rats.html) – Rook Oct 27 '10 at 16:44
add comment
Plenty of things in the System.Net, System.XML, System.IO, (anything that takes a URI and/or file path and actually deals with the resource they identify) System.Reflection, System.Security, System.Web, System.Data and System.Threading namespaces can be dangerous, as in they can be used to do bad things that go further than just messing up the current execution. So much that it would be time consuming to try to identify each.
Of course, every method in all third party assemblies will have to assumed to be dangerous until shown otherwise. More time consuming again.
Nor do I think it's a particularly fruitful approach. Producing a checklist of functions only really works with a limited library, or with a large-language where a lot of what would be in a library with a language like C# is in the language itself.
There are some classically dangerous examples like Process.Start() or anything that executes another process directly, but they are balanced by being quite obviously dangerous. Even a relatively foolhardy and incompetent coder may take care when they use that, while leaving data that goes to other methods unsanitised.
That sanitation of data is a more fruitful thing to look at than any list of functions. Is data validated to remove obviously incorrect input (which may be due to an attack, or may simply be a mistake) and is it encoded and escaped in the appropriate way for a given layer (there is too much talk about "dangerous" character sequences,'never hurt anyone, it's'not correctly escaped for SQL, that can hurt when it is indeed at a SQL layer - the job required to make sure the data gets in there correctly is the same as that to avoid exploits). Are the layers at which communication with something outside of the code solid. Are URIs constructed using unexamined input, for example - if not you can turn some of the more commonly used System.Net and System.XML methods into holes.
share|improve this answer
add comment
Using any type of unsafe code can cause problems such as pointers. Microsoft provided a good article about unsafe code here: _URL_
share|improve this answer
"Problems such as pointers" – ta.speot.is Oct 30 '10 at 4:25
-1 for qualifying pointers as problems... what kind of problem they are? – jachguate Nov 10 '10 at 3:24
They are unsafe, pretty obvious if used incorrectly they can be exploited hence they can be a problem, doesnt take einstein to figure that one out does it? – kyndigs Nov 10 '10 at 9:38
if used incorrectly. Your car is unsafe if used incorrectly, a kitchen knife is unsafe if used incorrectly, but they are not inherently unsafe for someone who knows what are doing and how to properly use them. – jachguate Nov 10 '10 at 21:31
Which is exactly why I said "can cause" in my post... I didnt say "will cause". – kyndigs Nov 11 '10 at 10:15
add comment
Reflection.Emit and CodeDom
Allowing plugins or third party libraries that uses threading can bring your whole application down unless you load those libraries/plugins in a separate appdomain.
share|improve this answer
add comment
Probably half the framework contains very scary functions. I myself think that File.WriteAllText() is very scary since it can overwrite any file the current user has access to.
A different approach to this question would be how you can manage security. The article at _URL_ contains a basic description concerning the.NET security system, with the System.Security.Permissions namespace containing all permissions.NET makes available. You can also take a look at _URL_ for more information.
In short,.NET allows you to limit the permissions a process can have, for example denying methods that change data on disk. You can then check these permissions and act on whether the process has them or not.
share|improve this answer
add comment
even a simple string comparison can be an issue.
If an application makes a trust decision based on the results of this String.Compare operation, the result of that decision could be subverted by changing the CurrentCulture