text:
If a table happens to have a timestamp column that is set on every insert or update of a row, the incremental replication methods can be used. This simply uses that column to track where in the replication process it left off each time it is run. There's one for insert-only tables and another that can handle if that column is also set on every row update. While the insert-only one requires no primary/unique key, the updater one does. This method does not replicate any row deletions.
This means that, just like the snapshot method, only select privileges and no triggers are required on the source table. This method is ideal for insert-only, high-transaction tables such as one tracking hits on a website. Adding a trigger to track the changes to such a table for replication could place a lot of extra load of your front-end production systems.
Since this method was introduced in our environment, we've had to deal with several edge cases. One of the first was when the rows were just grabbed by getting everything larger than the last recorded timestamp. This runs into issues when the source table hasn't stopped inserting rows for its latest timestamp value. Since that value is used for the next batch's lower boundary and it thinks it has all rows matching that timestamp, it may miss some the next batch. So a boundary interval was introduced. This sets the batch's upper limit to be less than a given interval. For example, say the last recorded timestamp on the destination was 2013-02-18 12:30:00 and mimeo runs the same day at 13:30:00. With a 10 minute upper boundary (mimeo's default), this would get all rows with values > 2013-02-18 12:30:00 and < 2013-02-18 13:20:00. If rows are constantly being inserted, this does mean the destination is always 10 minutes behind. But it also ensures that no rows are ever missed. The boundary interval is required to enforce data integrity, but it is also configurable on a per table basis.
Another issue along the same lines has to do with when a limit is set on how many rows are pulled each batch. If the maximum number of rows in a batch is pulled, the upper boundary could be cut off in the middle of any timestamp value, not just the latest values being inserted. This is handled by always removing the highest value from the batch when the maximum number is pulled, delaying it to being pulled the next run. Bigger issues occur when the batch contains timestamp values that are all the same. There is no way to ensure a consistent pull of data from the source in this case. So if this issue is encountered, mimeo just cancels that batch entirely. To fix it, you must either remove the batch limit or set it to a high enough value that it can pull data with at least two different timestamp values. The internal logging & monitoring system (pg_jobmon) sets off a critical alert if this occurs so you will know if it happens. Before v0.10.0 a batch limit was always used, so this was a bigger concern then. Since that version, they are no longer turned on by default, but I left the option available. So if you use that option, just be aware of these limitations.
And lastly, probably be biggest cause of issues with time-based replication is daylight savings. When time changes, you chance losing data on your destination table, especially when setting the clock back since it thinks it already got that data. Now is a good time to mention that if you can run your databases on a system that uses UTC/GMT time, you can make a lot of time-based issues with storing data go away. But if that's not possible, and you want to use this replication method, there are some configuration options available. When you set up incremental replication using mimeo's maker functions, it checks to see what timezone the database is running in. If you're in UTC/GMT, you've got nothing to worry about. If you're not, mimeo sets a flag to turn off replication around the time change. I haven't found any better (ie, less outrageously complex) solutions to this other than just completely stopping replication for that time period. By default it turns off replication between 12:30am and 02:30am. If you need to narrow down or change that time period, the start & end times are configurable.
So at first, basing replication on a timestamp seems like it wouldn't be too complex an issue. But as always, things are never as simple as they may seem to be.


text:
Gilad writes, from JLS 2nd edition draft:
- A nested class is any class whose declaration occurs within the body of
another class or interface.
- A top-level class is class that is not a nested class.
- An inner class is a nested class that is not declared (implicitly or
"Nested class" is the more general term, as it applies to both
static and non-static classes. Therefore, wherever javadoc uses "inner class", it should be replaced by "nested class"
For example, "Inner Class Summary" should become "Nested Class Summary"
since it can contain both static and non-static classes:
See suggested fix for particular places this change needs to be made.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Skip to content
Social and Cultural Environment Nature
The social environment consists of the sum total of a society's beliefs, customs, practices and behaviors. It is, to a large extent, an artificial construct that can be contrasted with the natural environment in which we live.
Every society constructs its own social environment. Some of the customs, beliefs, practices and behaviors are similar across cultures, and some are not. For example, an American traveling to Britain will find many familiar practices but not so much if traveling to China.
This social environment created by a society-at-large in which a business functions can be referred to as its external social environment. If a business operates in a multicultural society, then the social external social environment is even more complicated because the environment will consist of diverse sub-populations with their own unique values, beliefs, and customs.
A business also has its own social environment. We can refer to this as its internal social environment, which is simply the customs, beliefs, practices, and behaviors within the confines of the business. A business has much more control over its internal social environment than it does with its external social environment.
Nature of social environment
The social environment, social context, socio-cultural context or milieu refers to the immediate physical and social setting in which people live or in which something happens or develops. It includes the culture that the individual was educated or lives in, and the people and institutions with whom they interact.
The physical and social environment is a determining factor in active and healthy aging in place, being a central factor in the study of environmental gerontology.
The interaction may be in person or through communication media, even anonymous or one-way, and may not imply equality of social status. Therefore, the social environment is a broader concept than that of social class or social circle.
Cultural environment
A cultural environment is a set of beliefs, practices, customs and behaviors that are found to be common to everyone that is living within a certain population. Cultural environments shape the way that every person develops, influencing ideologies and personalities. Cultural environments are determined by the culmination of many different aspects of culture that influence personal choices and behaviors.
Religious beliefs are an important building block of a specific cultural environment. For many cultures, a certain religion has been a critical part of everyday living for generations. Outsiders need to be aware of the customs and traditions related to specific religion in order to respectfully navigate a certain cultural environment.
Family and the relationship within the family are additional factors that determine a cultural environment. Many cultures are structured around families, while others promote individuality and self-sustainability. Like religion and family, language is the third most important element of a cultural environment. Outside of these components, educational and social systems affect the structure of a cultural environment. Social systems may determine customs or taboos that are important to a particular region, while education may determine what types of ideologies are publicly shared. When visiting a new country or region, it is important for visitors to understand the cultural environment in order to protect themselves from shame, embarrassment or the act of offending a stranger.
Characteristics of Culture
(1) Culture is social
Culture does not exist in isolation. It is a product of society. It develops through social interaction. No man can acquire culture without association with others. Man becomes a man only among men.
(2) Culture is shared
Culture is not something that an individual alone can possess. Culture in sociological sense is shared. For example, customs, traditions, beliefs, ideas, values, morale etc. are all shared by people of a group or society.
(3) Culture is learnt
Culture is not inborn. It is learnt. Culture is often called "learned ways of behaviour". Unlearned behaviour is not culture. But shaking hands, saying thanks' or 'namaskar', dressing etc. are cultural behaviour.
(4) Culture is transmissive
Culture is transmissive as it is transmitted from one generation to another. Language is the main vehicle of culture. Language in different form makes it possible for the present generation to understand the achievement of earlier generations. Transmission of culture may take place by imitation as well as by instruction.
(5) Culture is continuous and cumulative
Culture exists as a continuous process. In its historical growth it tends to become cumulative. Sociologist Linton called culture 'the social heritage' of man. It becomes difficult for us to imagine what society would be like without culture.
(6) Culture varies from society to society
Every society has a culture of its own. It differs from society to society. Culture of every society is unique to itself. Cultures are not uniform. Cultural elements like
customs, traditions, morale, values, beliefs are not uniform everywhere. Culture varies from time to time also.
(7) Culture is dynamic
No culture ever remains constant or changeless. It is subject to slow but constant change. Culture is responsive to the changing conditions of the physical world. Hence culture is dynamic.
(8) Culture is gratifying
Culture provides proper opportunities for the satisfaction of our needs and desires. Our needs both biological and social are fulfilled in the cultural ways. Culture determines and guides various activities of man. Thus, culture is defined as the process through which human beings satisfy their wants.
ConclusionFrom the above discussion we are clear that each and every society has a culture of its own. Culture is not only diverse but also unequal, but is found in societies throughout the world.
1 Comment »
Leave a Reply
error: Content is protected!!
%d bloggers like this:


Get Abs and Burn Fat with Ab Cuts Pills
Abs? Who doesn't want them? What are you willing to do to get abs like the Rambo? For how long are you willing to do it? These are the questions that must be answered to judge your craving for a better look.
Most people prefer to work at the gym long hardworking hours for weeks and weeks. Very few make it to the finish line and the rest give up on the way, because it takes too much of an effort and time. But once you achieve it, it's all worth the wait and effort.
What happens is when you work out, layers of fat dissolve and are replaced by muscle throughout your body. There are two ways of doing it
 1. Increase the temperature of the body and melt the fat gradually.
 2. Break and dissolve the excess fats using any possible method
Ab Cuts PillsAs the saying goes "abs are not made in the gym, they are made in the kitchen." Hence it is very necessary to eat right and for faster results support your diet with pills. Most people do not understand it; instead of supporting they replace their diet with pills and expect results.
What those pills do is they burn the existing fat. Hence an improper diet with pills may in fact harm the user because of the mismatching. Although a diet with 20% fat is somewhat acceptable.
Ab cuts pills have two essentials fatty acids that have a history of dissolving excess fats and building lean muscles. Omega fatty acid is also found is most of abs cuts pills that have been proven to be good for heart.
One thing to be kept in mind at all times is that they support fat burning; they speed up the process and do not work independently. You have to put in a bit of effort as well. The muscle does not build itself, irrespective of your protein intake. Abs like John Rambo might still be time consuming though, but the result is always worth it.
These pills contain oils and fast that may range from 25 to 500 mg, depending on their importance and effectiveness. It also has Vitamin E, but that might be just to save them from spoiling.
There are some limitations for diabetes patients; they should refer to a doctor as the pills contain CLA which does alter your body insulin.
With a regular use you can lose up to 2 grams per meal, without working out. That is your daily routine and no gym but still a massive 0.2kg per month. Without any real exercise or any effort, 0.2kg is something substantial.
So basically, on average 30 min in the gym for 5 days a week supported by your pill and no excessive calorie intake. Result would be a massive 1 to 2 Kg per month weight loss.
Less fat means easy muscles, not that easy though, but still. Once the abdominal muscles (abs) are there, they can be easily hidden under another layer of fat, so maintaining them is another job, but that's a piece of cake really. It's not really an issue if you reward yourself for the efforts once in a while though.


text:
In this talk we propose a model for the extraction of a non renewable resource in an economy where, initially, only one agent is enabled to perform extraction tasks. However, at certain non predictable (random) times, more companies receive the government's approval for extracting the country's resources. We provide a set up suitable for the use of standard dynamic programming results for both, the competitive and cooperative schemes; we develop the corresponding HJB equations, prove a verification theorem, and give an example. Our framework is inspired by the trends that oil industries are experiencing in countries like Mexico and Russia.
Bienvenue à tous!

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


The Twickenham Museum
People : Actors and Actresses
Noël Coward
Dramatist, actor and cabaret artist
1899 - 1973
The Coward family of Teddington
Noël Coward was born at Teddington, where the family had been living since 1883, on 16 December 1899. He was the son of Arthur Coward and Violet Veitch. In his first autobiography he wrote that they were a musical family and underpinned the musical life of St Alban's Church.
131 Waldegrave Road, Teddington, Coward's home until 1908.
"...the church's greatest asset was the Coward family, which was enormous, active, and fiercely musical. My Uncle Jim played the organ, while my father, together with my uncle Randolph, Walter, Percy, and Gordon, and my Aunt Hilda, Myrrha, Ida, and Nellie, graced the choir. Aunt Hilda, indeed, achieved such distinction as a 'coloratura' that she ultimately became known as 'The Twickenham Nightingale'."
Playwriter and actor
The family moved away from Teddington to Battersea in 1908 and two years later Noël made his first appearance on stage in a fairy play, The Goldfish. By 1917 he had written several plays.
He was knighted in 1970 and that year his entry in Who's Who listed 43 plays and other stage or film productions including Present Laughter, Blithe Spirit, This Happy Breed, The Vortex, Private Lives, In Which we Serve and Brief Encounter.
In 1948 he went over to Jamaica, building a house at Roundhill near Port Maria: Blue Harbour. He bought a second house uphill: Look Out (which he renamed Firefly). This he used as a refuge from too many visitors. In 1959 he settled, a tax exile, at Les Avants, in Switzerland; but it was at Firefly that he died, and was buried, on 26 March 1973
Further reading:
Noël Coward, Future Indefinite, 1954
Present Indicative, Evergreen Books, 1940,
Who's Who, 1970
The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
back to top


Rising freeze-dried demand drives improvements to control automation
Optimal Industrial Automation, one of the UK's leading integrators of 'difficult to deliver' automation systems for the food, pharma and chemical industries, has developed a range of control automation solutions for pilot and commercial-scale freeze-dryers
ptimal's solutions champion the use of closed loop control, SCADA layers and the latest data historians to improve system efficiency, plant integration and the quality and consistency of the finished product. Here, the process is broken down into its key stages and consideration given to the various control options available. Martin Gadsby, Optimal MD,
comments: "We are well known for building and integrating automation systems for life science and other process industry manufacturing equipment, typically when the application or surrounding conditions make it too complex to deliver for the majority of mainstream system integrators. "Working with freeze-dryers is no different, however, since Optimal has completed a large number of new and retrofit projects in this area we have used our experience and knowledge to develop and formalise a range of control systems specifically for industrial freeze-dryers. "The result is a flexible service offering, that is also fast to specify and deliver, the ultimate goal obviously being a more reliable process, improved productivity and reduced costs for the end customer or operator."
UPDATING THE PROCESS "The freeze-drying process was originally developed as a commercial technique that enabled serum to be rendered chemically stable and viable without having to be refrigerated. Since then the process has been developed considerably allowing freeze-dried medicines to be easily reconstituted using purified water for ingestion or injection, but, the principles remain the same: "Freeze-drying in this context is the process by which water (and other solvents) are removed from a frozen material by sublimation and secondary processing. The sequence is generally as follows: freezing, primary drying (sublimation), and then secondary drying (desorption).
"It is essential that these stages are
precisely controlled and independently monitored to achieve a consistent product with an extended shelf-life which is far easier to preserve in a packaged form and is less sensitive to temperature variations, making it easier to transport or feed-in to the next stage of processing."
CONTROLLING THE PROCESS The high financial value of pharmaceutical products and strict manufacturing and traceability guidelines set largely by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) also make it essential that correct procedures are followed and records maintained. There are some major challenges therefore during the process that makes close control particularly important. Any control system used for a freezedrying application should ideally be capable of automatically adjusting the process to maintain the ideal conditions. The control system must therefore provide a fast, easy to use HMI and inherent control flexibility, in addition to providing accurate and reliable control of each freeze-drying cycle. Traditionally, open loop control systems have been used, with the freezing and heating temperatures and the chamber pressure being controlled according to a specific profile. However, this approach has several drawbacks, including the inability to cope with temperature variations outside of the set profile. With no way of accelerating the process if conditions change, the overall freezedrying period is also prolonged. For optimum control of the freezedrying process, a closed loop control system should be used. Data from the pressure and temperature sensors is fed back to the controller where it is compared to a reference value. The controller takes the difference between the output and the reference value and uses it to change the inputs to the system to help compensate for the difference.
Demand for aseptic packaging and preservation, as well as the rise in production of protein-based drugs is expected to continue to boost global demand for freeze-drying capacity. This means pharmaceutical
manufacturers and their equipment suppliers are turning to an array of advanced process analytical technologies (PAT) to help optimise their freeze-drying operations
The result is a more dynamic and precise control of the freeze-drying process, with the ability to address any unexpected fluctuations in process conditions.
DATA COLLECTION AND USE IS VITAL The main innovations in the recent development of freeze-dryers have been in process control and the automation of the loading and unloading processes. Optimal has used its in-depth knowledge and experience to develop a range of integrated control systems for freezedryers. Ranging from client server SCADA systems to much more basic designs, a system can be developed to suit the exact requirements of the client. Optimal has also achieved significant
improvements in productivity by the use of data historians to capture critical and quality parameters. Data historians allow users to archive and retrieve years of useable data in a fraction of the time of a conventional relational database. Data is formatted and presented in way that is easy to process and interpret. When combined with Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) systems, the performance and productivity of each dryer is maximised. Due to the inherently complex nature of freeze-dryers, the standard offering provides a high level of automation for a single system. The use of a single SCADA interface on the system offers fully automatic as well as manual control. The design has a recipe system together with historic and real-time trending, plus data logging, to allow batch reports to be produced.
Optimal Industrial Automation T: 01454 333222


text:
Definition - What does Supervening Cause mean?
A supervening cause is a cause of an injury, or of damage that comes after the initial set of events has already been put into place, but without which the harm could not have taken place.
In the context of the law, the person responsible for the supervening cause can be liable for the harm as opposed to the person who created the proximate cause.
Justipedia explains Supervening Cause
Often, there are multiple causes that go into harm being caused. For example, if a truck driver doesn't tie his load down and the products start spilling onto the highway, this could be a proximate cause. However, if a person behind the truck swerves unnecessarily far into oncoming traffic and causes an accident, this would be a supervening cause. In order to find out who would be fully liable for the damage caused by the accident, a court case would most likely have to ensue.


text:
Drought Weather Concerns
Posted: July 4, 2012
By: Ann Swinker, Extension Horse Specialist, PSU
During a very dry season, some plants begin to accumulate Nitrates. Slightly high nitrate concentrations can result in broodmares aborting. By the time the source of the problem is determined, the horses will have suffered severe effects. Horses avoid these types of plants under normal circumstances, but when grass is scarce or pastures are overgrazed, they will sometimes turn to them for nourishment. The best solution for ingesting these types of plants is to remove animals from affected forage.
Horses on over-grazed or
drought-stricken pastures will need to be fed hay or other alternative forage
sources to keep them from eating infected weeds or accumulator plants. Extreme weather conditions can place a heavy
strain on pastures, hay fields, and feedstuff growth, which could mean you need
to supplement your horse's diet with alternative forages.
Horses require more water during a drought because they are forced to eat more fibrous, less palatable grasses and weeds. In addition to hydration, horses require extra water to maintain normal gut function.
Drought conditions can also severely affect the water source quality. Because of evaporation, natural water sources can contain higher concentrations of minerals and/or contaminants that would be diluted under normal circumstances. Stagnant water pools are also ideal
conditions for blooms of blue-green algae, which is very toxic to horses and can even cause death. If you are concerned about water contaminants, consider having your water tested, or fence horses away from the stagnant water. You may need to apply water to dry lots. Your local extension service can help you find a lab to test your water, hay or pasture. _URL_


Hence, let's understand our attempted definition of 'factorial' to be part of such a larger expression: 'let' 'factorial match' λ 'n. n' 'in let' 'factorial match' λ 'n. case n of 0 then 1; _ then n * factorial (n - 1) end' 'in factorial 4' This would evaluate to what '4 * factorial 3' does, but with the 'factorial' in the expression bound to the identity function λ 'n. n'. In other words, we'd get the result '12', not the correct answer '24'. For the time being, we will fix this solution by just introducing a special new construction 'letrec' that works the way we want. Now in: 'let' 'factorial match' λ 'n. n' 'in letrec' 'factorial match' λ 'n. case n of 0 then 1; _ then n * factorial (n - 1) end' 'in factorial 4' the initial binding of 'factorial' to the identity function gets ignored, and the 'factorial' in the right-hand side of our definition is interpreted to mean the very same function that we are hereby binding to 'factorial'. Exactly how this works is a deep and exciting topic, that we will be looking at very closely in a few weeks. For the time being, let's just accept that 'letrec' does what we intuitively want when defining functions recursively. **It's important to make sure you say letrec when that's what you want.** You may not *always* want 'letrec', though, if you're ever re-using variables (or doing other things) that rely on the bindings occurring in a specified order. With 'letrec', all the bindings in the construction happen simultaneously. This is why you can say, as Jim did in class: 'letrec' 'even? match' λ 'n. case n of 0 then 'true; _ then odd? (n-1) end' 'odd? match' λ 'n. case n of 0 then 'false; _ then even? (n-1) end' 'in (even?, odd?)' Here neither the 'even?' nor the 'odd?' pattern is matched before the other. They, and also the 'odd?' and the 'even?' variables in their right-hand side expressions, are all bound at once. As we said, this is deep and exciting, and it will make your head spin before we're done examining it. But let's trust 'letrec' to do its job, for now. ### Comparing recursive-style and iterative-style definitions ### Finally, we're in a position to revisit the two definitions of 'length' that Jim presented in class. Here is the first: 'letrec' 'length match' λ 'xs. case xs of [] then 0; _ & ys then 1 + length ys end' 'in length' This function accept a sequence 'xs', and if it's empty returns '0', else it says that its length is '1' plus whatever is the length of its remainder when you take away the first element. In programming circles, this remainder is commonly called the sequence's "tail" (and the first element is its "head"). Thus if we evaluated 'length [10, 20, 30]', that would give the same result as '1 + length [20, 30]', which would give the same result as '1 + (1 + length [30])', which would give the same result as '1 + (1 + (1 + length []))'. But 'length []' is '0', so our original expression evaluates to '1 + (1 + (1 + 0))', or '3'. Here's another way to define the 'length' function: 'letrec' 'aux match' λ '(n, xs). case xs of [] then n; _ & ys then aux (n + 1, ys) end' 'in' λ 'xs. aux (0, xs)' This may be a bit confusing. What we have here is a helper function 'aux' (for "auxiliary") that accepts *two* arguments, the first being a counter of how long we've counted in the sequence so far, and the second argument being how much more of the sequence we have to inspect. If the sequence we have to inspect is empty, then we're finished and we can just return our counter. (Note that we don't return '0'.) If not, then we add '1' to the counter, and proceed to inspect the tail of the sequence, ignoring the sequence's first element. After the 'in', we can't just return the 'aux' function, because it expects two arguments, whereas 'length' should just be a function of a single argument, the sequence whose length we're inquiring about. What we do instead is return a λ-generated function, that expects a single sequence argument 'xs', and then returns the result of calling 'aux' with that sequence together with an initial counter of '0'. So for example, if we evaluated 'length [10, 20, 30]', that would give the same result as 'aux (0, [10, 20, 30])', which would give the same result as 'aux (1, [20, 30])', which would give the same result as 'aux (2, [30])', which would give the same result as 'aux(3, [])', which would give '3'. (This should make it clear why when 'aux' is called with the empty sequence, it returns the result 'n' rather than '0'.) Programmers will sometimes define functions in the second style because it can be evaluated more efficiently than the first style. You don't need to worry about things like efficiency in this seminar. But you should become acquainted with, and comfortable with, both styles of recursive definition. It may be helpful to contrast these recursive-style definitons to the way one would more naturally define the 'length' function in an imperatival language. This uses some constructs we haven't explained yet, but I trust their meaning will be intuitively clear enough. 'let' 'empty? match' λ 'xs.' *this definition left as an exercise*; 'tail match' λ 'xs.' *this definition left as an exercise*; 'length match' λ 'xs. let' 'n := 0;' 'while not (empty? xs) do' 'n := n + 1;' 'xs := tail xs' 'end' 'in n' 'in length' Here there is no recursion. Rather what happens is that we *initialize* the variable 'n' with the value '0', and then so long as our sequence variable 'xs' is non-empty, we *increment* that variable 'n', and *overwrite* the variable 'xs' with the tail of the sequence that it is then bound to, and repeat in a loop (the 'while... do... end' construction). This is similar to what happens in our second definition of 'length', using 'aux', but here it happens using *mutation* or *overwriting* the values of variables, and a special looping construction, whereas in the preceding definitions we achieved the same effect instead with recursion. We will be looking closely at mutation later in the term. For the time being, our focus will instead be on the recursive and *immutable* style of doing things---meaning no variables get overwritten. It's helpful to observe that in expressions like: let x match 0; y match x + 1; x match x + 1; z match 2 * x in (y, z) the variable 'x' has not been *overwritten* (mutated). Rather, we have *two* variables 'x' and its just that the second one is *hiding* the first so long as its scope is in effect. Once its scope expires, the original variable 'x' is still in place, with its orginal binding. A different example should help clarify this. What do you think this: let x match 0; (y, z) match let x match x + 1 in (x, 2*x) in ([y, z], x) evaluates to? Well, consider the right-hand side of the second binding: let x match x + 1 in (x, 2*x) This expression evaluates to '(1, 2)', because it uses the outer binding of 'x' to '0' for the right-hand side of its own binding 'x match x + 1'. That gives us a new binding of 'x' to '1', which is in place when we evaluate '(x, 2*x)'. That's why the whole thing evaluates to '(1, 2)'. So now returning to the outer expression, 'y' gets bound to '1' and 'z' to '2'. But now what is 'x' bound to in the final line,'([y, z], x)'? The binding of 'x' to '1' was in place only until we got to '(x, 2*x)'. After that its scope expired, and the original binding of 'x' to '0


text:
Date of this Version
Global Ecology and Biogeography, (Global Ecol. Biogeogr.) (2011) 20, pp. 817–831, DOI: 10.1111/j._PHONE_.2011.00670.x.
Aim To demonstrate that the concept of carrying capacity for species richness (SK) is highly relevant to the conservation of biodiversity, and to estimate the spatial pattern of SK for native landbirds as a basis for conservation planning.
Location North America.
Methods We evaluated the leading hypotheses on biophysical factors affecting species richness for Breeding Bird Survey routes from areas with little influence of human activities.We then derived a best model based on information theory, and used this model to extrapolate SK across North America based on the biophysical predictor variables. The predictor variables included the latest and probably most accurate satellite and simulation-model derived products.
Results The best model of SK included mean annual and inter-annual variation in gross primary productivity and potential evapotranspiration. This model explained 70% of the variation in landbird species richness. Geographically, predicted SK was lowest at higher latitudes and in the arid west, intermediate in the Rocky Mountains and highest in the eastern USA and the Great Lakes region of the USA and Canada.
Main conclusions Areas that are high in SK but low in human density are high priorities for protection, and areas high in SK and high in human density are high priorities for restoration. Human density was positively related to SK, indicating that humans select environments similar to those with high bird species richness. Federal lands were disproportionately located in areas of low predicted SK.


so that, if you want to update your immutable object and get a copy, you say
 val newObj = obj.copy(
 prop = value
 1. Aug 19, 2011
 One of the main advantages of first class properties is that it allows simple meta-programming, e.g. in binding frameworks. Would that be possible with the proposed copy() method? Would there be a way to invoke copy() without explicitly referring to the argument names?
 If this isn't possible with the copy() method it would be impossible to use immutable objects in certain situations and that would be a shame.
 1. Aug 19, 2011
 Could you describe the use case you have in mind?
 1. Aug 19, 2011
 I think it would be useful wherever you want to bind property values and update them. Let's say I was writing a Wicket application and I wanted to create a page to update an object. I would implement the IModel interface to wrap a property and pass an instance of the model to each form object.
 For a mutable class the model implementation would look like this:
 class MutablePropertyModel(prop : Property) : IModel {
 fun getObject() : T {
 return prop.get()
 fun setObject(newValue : T) {
 For an immutable class with setters that return an updated object the model implementation would be something like:
 // U is the type of the model object that owns the property
 // ref holds the model object - ref is obviously necessary because the object can't be updated
 class ImmutablePropertyModel(prop : ImmutableProperty, ref : AtomicReference) : IModel {
 fun getObject() : T {
 return prop.get()
 fun setObject(newValue : T) {
 I've done something very similar in Clojure where the model object was an immutable map. Is there a way to implement something like this using the copy() method?
 Another obvious example is setting an object's state some other format. e.g. some properties
 var foo = Foo()
 // for each property
 val propName = ...
 val propValue = ...
 val prop = // get the property by name
 foo = prop.set(propValue)
 1. Sep 02, 2011
 10. Oct 17, 2011
 I have a couple questions.
 1. A val property has a final backing field. That fact, combined with the meaning of val when used with local variables, implies to me that such a property should always return the same object (you also describe it as an "immutable property"). That is not the case, though, as the property's get method can return anything. One of the examples above shows a property that will change values as other properties change:
 A val property could in fact be fully mutable, by just delegating get to return the value of a separate var property in the class. This seems confusing. I guess this isn't really a question, but I was wondering about your thoughts on that.
 2. The second question relates to this example:
 In this example, clearly we would like the type of table to be Map rather than Map?. I believe I saw the same example elsewhere in this wiki except using the non-nullable type for table.
 The implementation of get() certainly appears to ensure it's returning a non-null value, but what if there were another method that could set _table to null? If that happened on another thread, _table could be null when get() returns it. It seems like the compiler would need to know there were no potential concurrency issues like that to be able to guarantee the property's type of Map. Has there been any consideration of that sort of thing?
 1. Oct 17, 2011
 1. I agree that it's not fully correct to describe val as an immutable property. It is actually a property that can not be assigned to (mutated directly).
 2. This is a mistake in the example. It would not compile unless we say something like
 return _table ?: throw AssertionError()
 Thank you for pointing these things out, I'll fix them in the text
 1. Oct 25, 2011
 If you are going to do that, wouldn't you want to declare the public property as "publicvaltable:Map" instead of "publicvaltable:Map?"? Otherwise, the method is declared as nullable even though it can never return null.
 You could also simplify to "throw _table.npe();"
 1. Oct 25, 2011
 Oh, thank you so much for noticing, I sincerely believed I made the public one non-null.
 On the.npe(): I don't use it here for the text to be easier to understand.
 11. Feb 16, 2012
 It seems documentation is bit outdated, since code:
 in web demo fail with errors:
 1. Feb 16, 2012
 Fixed, thanks
 1. Feb 16, 2012
 And example in section below(Declaring properties and accessors) with code:
 need to be fixed
 12. Apr 24, 2012
 causes deadly recursion. It is a mistake, I forgot to put $. Rather common mistake remembering my properties experience in C#.
 i think it will be really usefull to permit accessing property in it's getter o setter, only accessing accessor is aloud.
 for some cases where somebody need to call get() inside get() (me, personaly, can't imagine such a case) there should be some
 special syntax like
 get() = get()
 get() = $x.get()
 which will replace
 get() = x
 1. Apr 24, 2012
 Your concern is valid, indeed.
 get() = get()
 Looks too weird, and wouldn't work, because there may be a normal function called get().
 get() = $x.get()
 is ambiguous: $x may be, for example, of type List and have a member function get().
 1. Apr 25, 2012
 I thout a bit on workaround. I can not imagine any usecase when recursion is needed. Is there any one in your code base?
 I see two options:
 1. Just permit. Property is the thing you get or set, but do not count. If you want fancy logic -- use function instead. (You also can write recursive function and use it inside getter).
 2. As it is in null safety, when you are going to write some unsafe code, you use "!!", so the sintax can be like
 var x : Int
 get() =!!x;
 1. Apr 25, 2012
 Recursion is unlikely to be needed. Feel free to file an issue about prohibiting recursion in getters.
 The second suggestion will be confusing, because!!x looks like double negation.
 1. Apr 25, 2012
 Wonder how C# code like this will looks like in Kotlin?
 1. Apr 25, 2012
 class Foo {
 public open val value : Int
 get() = ...
 class Bar : Foo() {
 override val value : Int
 get() = super.value + 42
 13. Jul 05, 2012
 Why can't I have property without get and init value? like this:
 var property: Type
 set(value) = doSomething(value)
 1. Jul 06, 2012
 The rule is that if a getter or a setter is not present, it is implemented by default: i.e. by using a backing field. A backing field demands initialization
 14. Jul 12, 2012
 Very good work and there is a lot of things that I like in C# and Scala here... but one more question about the properties.
 The Kotlin compiler generates for each readable and writable property a get/set pair of methods... so far so good!
 But why not to make the inverse valid? When using some Java class with a get and set property, like getName() and setName(String name),
 why not allow to omit the get and set prefixes, just like the groovy (ie. val a =
 1. Jul 13, 2012
 Thanks for the kind words.
 About the feature you


Adopt a school
Adopt a school
Adopt a school is a campaign designed to foster and build a relationship between Minnesota public schools and ARAHA. Through the campaign, the school will get an opportunity to connect to the Horn of Africa region through different projects.
Many schools have service learning project that their students take as a requirement or as an optional course. This is a great opportunity to engage students on a project that will show them that they can make an impact not just on a community level, but on a global scale.
Opportunity for the school:
These campaign will provide the school students, teachers, and staff an opportunity to learn cultures from the Horn of Africa, raise awareness about different issues pertaining to the region, or raise funds. The school and students will be able to choose the focus of their campaign; In the end, the feeling the students gets from sense of accomplishment, inspiration, motivation, knowledge, teamwork, and increase in cultural competence far weights any funds they generate.
Some Benefits:
Sense of accomplishment for students and staff participating; knowing that their efforts will make an impact in the Horn of Africa, no matter how small or large it may be.
Opportunity for students to get their credit for service learning project.
Students and staff will gain a better understanding, and knowledge of these countries where many students in Minnesota public schools come from. Thus, building bridges of understanding and care.
Based on the campaign, students will be able to unite and rally behind a cause.
The concept:
As you know, School meals play a large role in keeping students in school, fighting malnutrition, and keeping them focused. For many students across the world, school lunch will be the only wholesome meal of the day that they will have. And in many places in the Horn of Africa region where poverty is the norm, most schools can't afford to provide meals for their students.
Our goal is to partner with your school to provide lunches for students in schools in the Horn of Africa, Specially from schools in rural, IDP, or refugee camps. Where student in that part of the world don't have the privilege, we have here of having a healthy, nutritional meal for breakfast or lunch while they are at the school. Most of the children they come to school without a decent breakfast that if they have one. ARAHA initiate a pilot project to help change the situation by providing a lunch or breakfast to students especially in the remote areas in the Horn of Africa. Last year we, at ARAHA, established this program as a pilot project in 2 schools, then this year we were able to expand it into a total of 7 schools. We are hoping that together we can help more schools to start providing healthy breakfast or lunches to their students.
The school with its student body will adopt a school in the Horn of Africa to provide daily breakfast or lunches in schools where none of these two meals are provided.
This will help the students to focus on schooling and follow their teachers during lecture, increase retention and attendance in the school and improve the academic achievements for each student.
We are hoping each student can save 50 cents a day, up to $10 a month to help a fellow student in the Horn of Africa to have breakfast/lunch while in school like him or her.
Action plan:
ARAHA will Make a 5 minutes presentation about the lunch program including a short video in the cafeteria during the students' lunch time.
The Appeal:
 - For only 50 cents a day, you can help a student not to go hungry for the entire day while he/she is in school.
 - School with 200 students needs only $100 a day. Each student in the sponsoring school brings $ 2.50 a week or $10.00 a month. It works on an honor system.
 - ARAHA's Representative empties the box once a month and share the collected amount with the administration.
ARAHA will:
 - Place A donation box in the cafeteria (in a convenient location)
 - Clearly display the adopted school name,
 - Number of students in the adopted school,
 Grads, Girls or boys' school,
 - The city and The country.
The adopted school will:
 - Display the name and information of the adopting school,
 - Students will send Thank you letters to their peers in the adopted school
 - Exchanged letters between students of the two schools
 - Can exchange civic/cultural information.
The achievements:
 1. This will improve the student's health by giving them a daily nutritious meal.
 2. Increase the enrollment of students from many poor families whose children are deprived from education due to malnutrition.
 3. Enhance academic performance by preventing children from being stunned.
 4. Reduce the dropout rate.
 5. Make the teacher's job relatively easier.
 6. Children stay where they belong in the classroom, not the streets
 7. Creating a more positive community and educated youth.
 8. Provide ongoing employment to some of the poor families as well.
 9. Your students will feel the sense of accomplishment of helping and connecting with other fellow students like them in other parts of the world especially the Horn of Africa.
ARAHA was established in the year 2000 as a not for profit organization in Minnesota with tax-exempt No. 41-_PHONE_. ARAHA has 5 field offices (2 in Somalia, 1 in Kenya, 1 in Ethiopia, and 1 in Sudan). Each office is fully staffed. In addition, the highly acclaimed Charity Navigator rated ARAHA among the top 8% of US charities in transparency and accountability. The Charities Review Council also awarded ARAHA their prestigious "Meet the Standards" seal for accountability and transparency.
We are hoping to partner with your organization on this healthy and educational effort to help the new generations in the Horn of Africa region to gain a quality education and turn their lives, as well as the lives of their families, around. In a generation, we can move a population from being reliant on aid to providing for themselves, their families, communities, towns and villages, and their country.
Thank you.


text:
Pollen Calendar for Fairbanks Alaska
A standard pollen calendar is presented for the benefit of allergic persons, physicians and others in the Fairbanks area. It is a graphic device showing the range of possible atmospheric pollen concentrations for each day of the main pollen season, late April through July, based on data from past years. It can be used for predicting probable daily average concentrations when the weather is relatively warm, dry, and breezy, and it shows when there almost certainly will be some pollen in the air. A core pollen season of prophylactic and clinical urgency is defined from May 10 to June 5, the same as in Anchorage.
The 40 or so species in the vegetation of the Fairbanks area contributing significant quantities of airborne pollen are grouped into five generic (alder, willow, poplar/aspen, birch and spruce) and one family (grass) taxonomic categories, plus an "Other" pollen category comprising the weeds lamb's quarters, plantain and wormwood, among others.
A standard pollen calendar must be based on a multiyear data set encompassing the full range of natural variation in pollen season severity and the timing of pollen release and dispersal. Because the present calendar is based on only six seasons' data, _PHONE_, and most of these are from only one sample location, it is considered prototypical. Continued sampling in Interior Alaska, part of a broader aerobiology research program, will result in a more nearly standard and meaningful pollen calendar.
This calendar shows possible allergenic pollen content of the air for each day based on the past activity. It incorporates data from six years of sampling at the University and two at Fort Wainwright.
James H. Anderson, MLIS, PhD
Institute of Arctic Biology and BioSciences Library
University of Alaska Fairbanks


Adzuna logo
Expressive Therapist, Activity Therapy, UofL Health-Fraizer Hospital, PRN
Location: Strathmoor Village, KY
Company: UofL Physicians
Apply for this job
This position is responsible for providing direct clinical services to child, adolescent, and adult patients utilizing art and other expressive therapies to address interpersonal issues that cause emotional distress. This includes art therapy, expressive therapy, individual art or expressive therapies; if certified, therapies addressing specific populations; if credentialed play therapy and EMDR and psycho-education. Modalities of therapy depend on clinical needs of the patient population and the experience and skills of the clinician.
1. Planning and implementation of group sessions for each population
2. Planning and implementation of individual sessions
3. Documentation of group sessions and individual sessions u
4. Completion of Activity Therapy assessments
5. Planning and assisting with programming outside of normal group hours for special events
6. Maintaining and ordering materials appropriate for art therapy interventions
7. Other tasks as assigned by manager
Required Education
-Masters degree from accredited AATA approved program or non-AATA approved program with a minimum of 18 credits in specified art therapy coursework. OR, significant progress towards MA from ATTA approved program or non-AATA approved program with min of 18 credits in art therapy coursework.
-Bachelor degree and enrollment in Art Therapy MA program
Apply for this job
The number of jobs in each salary range for all:


Sending the response message of API after command success or failed
I using the constructor of aggregate with command handler annotation, to create create the new instance of the aggregate. Now after the creation, the api have to send the response message to UI (which shown to user). How I can achive this? and what is the best way to to this?
I was learned about the following pattern,, please suggest any good way or example to implement this.
In simple cases your API endpoint handler can construct a command and use sendAndWait() to send the command via the command gateway.
sendAndWait will throw an exception if the the command was not dispatched successfully.
The issue is that your projections will not necessarily be up to date on return from sendAndWait() – so you can't "read your writes".
There is a discussion on the "read your writes" issue here
It has some sample code.
In our project we have built on the understanding gained from the sample code to create an implementation pattern of correlated commands and events.
Our projections publish on the query bus to allow senders of correlated commands to know when their write is readable.
It's working well and is a surprisingly small amount of code.
From the link above it sounds like Axon will provide something like this at some point…
Hi Aswani, Steven,
Aswani, what kind of response are you looking for to be returned as part of a command execution?
The framework does not impose any restriction on returned values from Command Handlers at the moment.
However, from a usage perspective we suggest that you only return a void (in case of success or ignore), an exception (for failure) and Identifiers of Aggregates/Entities which were constructed as a result of handling the command.
A command handling constructor will actually by default provide you with the Aggregate Identifier, instead of the Aggregate instance.
Thus, if the response you'd want to give to the UI is an identifier to be able to retrieve a query model, this should already be doable.
What Steven points out should also proof valuable, given the scenario you need to reply with an actual Query Model, spoofing a synchronize operation on the back-end.
I think his suggestion would be sufficient given you're interested in the entire Query Model.
Lastly, as pointed out, we're indeed looking into adding the some indication in the Command Response pointing to the sequence of the last event published as a reaction to the given command.
With this, you should in turn be able to query your model adding this sequence number to the query you dispatch as an expectation your Query Model should comply too.
As shared, this is however not yet implemented.
That's my 2 cents to the situation.


openvpn: TLS: tls_process: killed expiring key « 我爱DIY
openvpn: TLS: tls_process: killed expiring key
时间:12-10-24 栏目:技术 作者:liva 评论:0 点击: 11,118 次
In SSL/TLS mode, an SSL session is established with bidirectional authentication (i.e. each side of the connection must present its own certificate). If the SSL/TLS authentication succeeds, encryption/decryption and HMAC key source material is then randomly generated by OpenSSL's RAND_bytes function and exchanged over the SSL/TLS connection. Both sides of the connection contribute random source material. This mode never uses any key bidirectionally, so each peer has a distinct send HMAC, receive HMAC, packet encrypt, and packet decrypt key. If --key-method 2 is used, the actual keys are generated from the random source material using the TLS PRF function. If --key-method 1 is used, the keys are generated directly from the OpenSSL RAND_bytes function. --key-method 2 was introduced with OpenVPN 1.5.0 and will be made the default in OpenVPN 2.0.
During SSL/TLS rekeying, there is a transition-window parameter that permits overlap between old and new key usage, so there is no time pressure or latency bottleneck during SSL/TLS renegotiations.
OpenVPN uses asymmetric Public Key Encryption (the private key and certificates) to establish a session, and then negotiates a static key between hosts for tunnel encryption. This static key is used because symmetric encryption is much faster. By default, OpenVPN will renegotiate the static key every 60 minutes, although you can change the frequency by using the 3 –reneg-* options. When a renegotiation occurs you will see the message you described above in your logs.
However, the renegotiation doesn't cause OpenVPN to restart; data can still be sent during the negotiation process, and the old key is still valid for a default of 60 minutes and can be changed with the –tran-window option.
声明: 本文由( liva )原创编译，转载请保留链接: openvpn: TLS: tls_process: killed expiring key
openvpn: TLS: tls_process: killed expiring key：等您坐沙发呢！
© 2013 enjoydiy.com. Design by zijiao. 55 queries in 0.241 seconds, using 21.78MB memory


text:
| Catalogue of training and information tools on community participation in human settlements |
PRODUCED BY: GERMAN APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY EXCHANGE (GATE), 1980.
AVAILABLE FROM: GERMAN APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY EXCHANGE, GTZ-GmbH, POSTFACH 5180, D 6236 ESCHBORN 1, FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY.
NUMBER OF PAGES: 152
This manual, which is designed for people working in selfhelp projects, describes building techniques and methods which were used in different parts of the world before modern industrial methods became available. It differs from other technical manuals, therefore, in that it contains methods which are neglected by modern expertise. These techniques have been reviewed by experts and adapted to modern needs to improve local construction methods without trying to change them.
The manual is applicable not only for constructing houses by self-builders (working either individually or in groups with locally obtainable material and their own techniques) but also for improving parts of simple houses already constructed. The manual is not region-specific; instead, it offers a selection of solutions to different problems, so that users can adapt them to their own needs.
The information is designed to assist people building houses with the help of a foreman who has the necessary skills to follow the details of the manual. The individual drawings are to guide him as the instructor of the group, while the technical illustrations and tables are for his own information. Illustrations in preference to written explanations are used, so that the instructions are as clear as possible.
The drawings can be ordered without the text, either the same size or enlarged four times, to allow for the insertion of written text in the local language, and, in this way, the drawings can be used as a teaching aid for a training workshop.


Catnip TeaBenefits & How To Make
by John Staughton (BASc, BFA) last updated -
Some of the surprising benefits of catnip tea include its use in soothing pain, easing sleep, reducing stomach discomfort, moderating stress levels, eliminating colic, boosting the immune system, preventing headaches and lessening menstruation symptoms. Although there are many positive effects, catnip tea can also cause excess urination, drowsiness, and heavy menstrual bleeding, particularly when consumed in excess.
What is Catnip Tea?
Catnip tea is made from the leaves of the catnip plant, scientifically known as Nepeta catariawhich is a member of the mint family. It has been in use for centuries, and while catnip is often associated with feline friends, it is highly valued in traditional medicine practices. The high levels of antioxidants and active compounds, such as limonene, acetic acid, biotin, inositol, folic acid, pantothenic acid, sodium, nepetalic acid, sulfur and vitamin A and B, all make catnip tea a powerful home remedy that can have a wide range of effects on human health.
A close-up shot of catnip tea
Catnip tea is known to calm the body down. Photo Credit: Shutterstock
What is Catnip Tea Good For?
Catnip tea is particularly good for people suffering from cramps, bloating, cold and flu, headaches, stress, anxiety, depression, heavy menstruation, chronic pain, insomnia, indigestion and various conditions caused by oxidative stress. When prepared appropriately and drunk in moderation, it can deliver all of the following health benefits.
Stress Levels
Menstrual Discomfort
Famed for its role in easing menstrual symptoms, catnip tea can ease the pain of menstrual cramps and bloating, while the mood-altering effects of this tea can help reduce other common symptoms of menstruation, such as depression, irritability and mood swings.
Chronic Pain
Catnip is packed with volatile compounds and antioxidants, many of which are analgesic in nature. If you consistently suffer from pain following an injury, surgery, or long-term illness, or if you are dealing with an acute case of pain, a cup or two of catnip tea each day can help maintain a rather neutral level of pain relief.
This unusual tea is also great for inflammation throughout the body and is known to relieve inflamed tissues, joints, and muscles. Certain compounds in catnip tea mimic muscle relaxants, which adds to the feelings of relaxation you can enjoy after drinking a cup. This is also the property that makes catnip tea so valuable for young children and infants, given that it can soothe colic, as well as break fevers.
Catnip tea is often prescribed for upset stomachs by natural healers, as it can relieve the tight, knotted-up feelings in the gut, while also promoting bowel movements and urination. It can relax the smooth muscles of the bowels to relieve constipation, while also reducing excess flatulence and bloating.
Antioxidant Properties
Antioxidants, such as vitamin A, found in catnip tea are able to seek out free radicals throughout the body and lower the risk of oxidative stress in critical organ systems. These free radicals are linked to an increase in cellular mutation and different types of diseases.
This property can also help prevent signs of premature aging, such as wrinkles and age spots on the skin.
Immune System
Catnip tea has been traditionally prescribed for relieving colds and coughs to bronchitis and upper respiratory infections. It has expectorant and anti-inflammatory properties that not only provide relief from the symptoms of an illness but also neutralize the underlying infection causing those symptoms.
As a sedative substance, catnip tea should be taken when drowsiness or fatigue is desired, which is why this tea is often a pre-sleep beverage. If you suffer from insomnia or chronic restlessness, a strong cup of this tea can give you a restful night's sleep. However, do not drink this tea before operating heavy machinery or getting behind the wheel of a car.
How Do You Make Catnip Tea?
Catnip tea is easy to make at home and requires nothing more than a pot, some fresh/dried catnip, and a bit of lemon juice or honey to taste. Fresh catnip leaves can be cut to release more of the potent oils into the tea for a stronger brew, or they can be used whole. If you are growing your own catnip plant, follow these simple instructions to make dried leaves.
First, cut the fresh stems off of the plant and gather them in bunches. Hang them upside-down in a cool, dry place. When they are completely dried, separate the leaves from the stems and throw the stems away. Place the dried leaves in an airtight bag and crumble them before storing the leaves in a dry, dark place until you are ready to use them. Here is a detailed recipe.
A close-up shot of catnip tea
How to Make Catnip Tea: Easy Recipe
Calm your senses with this homemade herbal tea!
3 from 1 vote
Print Pin Rate
Course: Beverage
Cuisine: Others
Keyword: catnip tea
Appliance: Stove
Prep Time: 10 minutes
Cook Time: 20 minutes
Total Time: 30 minutes
Servings: 4 people
Author: Ishani Bose
 - Bring the water up to a boil in a small pot.
 A pot of boiling water
 - Add the leaves to a mug or teacup.
 - Remove the water from the heat and wait until it stops boiling before pouring it over the leaves in the cup. Excess heat can compromise many of the benefits derived from catnip leaves.
 - Add honey or lemon juice, to taste, and enjoy!
 A close up shot of a kettle of herbal catnip tea
Connect With Us
About the Author
Rate this article
Average rating 4.2 out of 5.0 based on 61 user(s).
Latest Health News:
A young boy playing games on his tablet
Kid Influencers Promoting Junk Food On YouTube, Study Finds
Study Shows How Musical Training Improves Cognitive Function
Graphic showing the coronavirus
Study Reveals Why Some People Show Severe COVID Symptoms


text:
How to Live with Your Adult Child
2 of 7
Although your child is an adult, he is still living in your house, and therefore should be expected to respect boundaries. Establish house rules before your child returns home, and make sure to enforce them. On the other hand, your child is an adult, and his boundaries of privacy should also be respected.
House rules could be related to having house guests or parties, and your stance on smoking and drinking alcohol. Just remember, although your child should be expected to abide by the rules of your house, they should be age-appropriate. For example, setting a curfew for your child might not be realistic, but expecting him to call if he isn't coming home for the night is.


text: As announced in 2015, TestWorks Group acquired Polytronics Design, based in Emsworth, Hants. A requirement arose to develop a system capable of controlling glue guns that are used to print glue on the flaps of cardboard panels, prior to automatic folding on high speed cardboard box production lines. To achieve this requirement, a custom circuit board was designed that was capable of receiving all of the timing pulses created by the production machinery and generating the precisely timed signals required to operate the glue coating mechanisms. A PCB was developed and loaded with special control firmware which incorporated the timing algorithms, and was then incorporated into an enclosure. Systems were developed proving single and three-channel operation.


text:
Sample tour of Bath, one of England's top tourist destinations
Information on Bath
Bath has a population of about 84,000, is located some 115 miles ( 184 km) West of London in the county of Somerset.
Roman Era: The Romans invaded Britain in AD 43 and within twenty years had found and built a Roman Baths complex and adjoining temple around the country's only natural hot springs which they named Aqua Sulis. Here, the Romans encouraged worship of their goddess, Minerva. The complex appears to have fallen into progressive decline from around the late 3rd century onwards, in tandem with decline of Roman power in the West. The bathing complex was rediscovered in the 18th century, has been restored and is now a major visitor attraction. Today, visitors can connect with the Roman bathing experience at the Thermae Bath Spa facility.
Georgian Era: Richard 'Beau' Nash ( _PHONE_) was the catalyst for the development of Bath as a fashionable resort in the 18th century. Some 5000 listed (heritage) buildings date from this period when father and son architect duo of John Wood the Elder (_PHONE_) and John Wood the Younger (_PHONE_) were active in the construction of such notable architectural features as the Circus, Queen Square, Assembly Rooms and Royal Crescent.
Information on the Roman Baths
The Romans occupied most of mainland U.K. from around AD 43 to AD 410 from which period we have a massive physical legacy of roads, ruins, settlements, inscriptions, coins, amphitheatres and cities plus military sites such as Hadrian's Wall and the Antonine Wall.
Modern-day Bath was known as Aqua Sulis, a recreation themed settlement centred on the hot springs which emerge from deep within the earth. More information as follows:
- The water flows at a rate of 250,000 gallons per day at temperature of 46 degrees centigrade (115 F.) and contains 43 minerals.
- The construction demonstrates advanced hydraulic engineering skills of the Romans in the art of taming natural springs.
- Building of the Baths and temple was completed by around AD 75. In subsequent periods the original simple but elegant structure was modified and extended to include a laconium (circular room with dry, hot air), a cold plunge Circular Bath and new suite of baths at the east end.
- A religious site dedicated jointly to the local deity Sul (from which Aqua Sulis is derived) and the Roman goddess Minerva.This was a destination for pilgrims seeking guidance of Sulis Minerva and healing in curative waters.The facility was open to a wide range of the populace, from age 18 months to 86 years, both military and civilian.
- At the centre of Aqua Sulis was a classical temple dedicated to the deities mentioned above.
- The temple was designed so the hot springs arose from the ground within the temple courtyard with the water channelled into an elaborate bathing facility.
- Military tombstones have been found in the locality but the site may have been used by the Roman Army for convalescent and recuperative purposes.
Information on Bath Assembly Rooms
The Bath Assembly rooms are located on Bennett Street. They were designed by John Wood the Younger in 1769. Their purpose was to be a place for dancing and music. When completed in 1771 the Rooms were described as 'the most noble and elegant of any in the kingdom'. Today, this building is home to the Fashion Museum, one of the world's great museum collections of historical and contemporary dress.
Information on Bath Pump Room
The practice of drinking the thermal waters of Bath only began in the later seventeenth century. A pump was installed to allow patients to have access to the water directly from the spring. In the first years of the eighteenth century a building was erected where the drinkers could be sheltered. This became the first Pump Room and was completed in 1706. Due to rising demand and new Pump Room was built in 1795 and this connected with the two smaller springs known as the Hot Bath and the Cross Bath.


text:
What is the meaning of Christmas in the English language?
Christ + mas = Christmas?
Is it because Christ is associated with a cross that it sometimes reads X-mas?
And where is the mas coming from?
I am Portuguese, and in my language we call "Natal" what you call "Christmas", which are very different words. Sometimes our languages have similarities in origins, but both seem very different in this case.


TimePilot Tap+
Moving TimePilot Tap+ Clock-In Data to TimePilot Central
If you're using your Tap+ without the cable—that's how we intended it to be used when we designed it—at some point you'll want to get your clock-ins and clock-outs into the TimePilot database on your PC. Here's how:
The red 'Not Connected' means the clock isn't connected to the PC with the USB cable.
1. Click the TimePilot Tap icon (shown at right) on your desktop. The Tap Manager will appear on your screen. (See screenshot above.) Note that the words "Not Connected" appear in the white box. That will change in the next step!
The green 'Connected' means the clock is connected to the PC with the USB cable.
2. Connect the USB cable that came with your Tap+ to the port on the Tap+ clock and plug the other end into a USB port on your computer. In a few seconds, the Red "Not Connected" will change to a green "Connected" and the date and time will appear. (See screenshot above.) At the same time, the clock-in and clock-out data is automatically transferred from the clock to the database, the time on the clock is updated to match the time on your PC and the battery in the clock is recharged.
3. Start TimePilot Central and view your newly imported transactions.


Cookies on this website
As technology progresses, we are seeing increasing numbers of small devices that have the capability to store, process and forward information in our everyday physical environments. Increasingly, this is opening up the opportunity to generate, collect and communicate new knowledge and information in diverse aspects ofhuman life. However this raises significant challenges for communication and content acquisition, as new levels of flexibility, adaptation and dynamism are required. In particular, the traditional notion ofalways-on end-to-end network connectivity becomes inappropriate, and radical rethinking is necessary. The EU FET project Social Networking for Pervasive Adaptation(SOCIALNETS) seeks to overcome these challenges by understanding, modelling and exploiting the key characteristics that enable humans to adapt and exhibit agility beyond other species. Through developing the capacity for devices to socially network, we believe that there is significant potential to facilitate highly effective pervasive communication and content provision. © 2008 IEEE.
Original publication
Conference paper
Publication Date
49 - 54


Now Reading:
Polish WWII massacre film causes shockwaves
Polish WWII massacre film causes shockwaves
In partnership with
Polish film Poklosie or Aftermath is a dramatisation of the massacre of more than 340 Polish Jews at Jedwabne in 1941.
It has caused shockwaves and soul searching throughout the country.
It tells the story of a Polish man who returns to his home village and finds himself reluctantly drawn into uncovering what happened there during the Nazi occupation.
He discovers that, at the instigation of the Nazis, local people – including his own father – had herded Jewish villagers into a building, burned them to death, and then taken over their houses.
Opponents of the film argue it discredits Poland by creating the impression that such events were the norm in wartime. Some have accused the actors of slandering their country. One, Maciej Stuhr, has even received death threats.
Next Article


skip to Main Content
EOS Python-Demux
Python Demux for EOS
py-demux-eos is an implementation of the Demux library for Python
What is Demux?
Demux is a library and design pattern introduced by in July 2018. It allows programmers to reduce the cost of querying data in EOSIO blockchain applications. EOSIO smart contracts can store application data either in RAM or in the chain history. RAM is expensive and the chain state would be slow if the end user has to poll every block to look for events. The demux library polls the block chain, parses the actions and passes them onto another program which can write them into a local database and can quickly serve queries. A good example of this would be if we wrote a DEX (decentralised exchange), we would need to store the order book in a table in RAM but when a user wishes to complete a sale they would obviously want to get the best deal. If we do that in RAM the user who posts an order would pay with RAM and CPU time to update the indexes in the table so that the buyer can quickly find the best deal. With Demux those indexes can be computed off chain and the transaction is quicker and cheaper for both parties. We all want faster and cheaper don't we? That's why we have chosen the EOSIO platfom.
Why write in Python?
Even though Python is one of the worlds most widely used programming languages the main reason is because because Python is often considered a more expressive language, that is writing a program in Python requires less decisions than writing the same program in Javascript. This can be seen in the library we have produced which is approximately one third the size of its inspiration from and we are just a team of three developers doing some block chain and web consulting work with EOSphere.
What are these start_block and commit_block functions you added and why are they useful?
The original Demux also contains an architectural flaw. If a program crashes or otherwise unexpectedly stops part way through processing a block you could end up with only some of the actions in a block recorded in your off chain database. The only way to get back to a known good state might be to reprocess the entire blockchain – millions of blocks. These situations aren't actually very uncommon nor always accidental. In the past we have used deployment strategies that don't guarantee that servers are cleanly shut down before an update in all cases. The core idea is that the programmer using the py-demux-eos library will start a database transaction in the start_block callback function and commit it in the commit_block callback function. This would then guarantee the consistency in the target database. i.e that this would be an atomic operation.
How can I use this library in my program?
The instructions are in the
To install py-demux-eos on your computer.
pip install …
In your Python import the Demux class
from demuxeos import Demux
Instantiate the Demux object, there are several optional parameters
d = Demux('', start_block, commit_block, rollback)
Register action functions
Tell Demux to start processing blocks
Demux will call your callback function as it encounters new blocks and actions.
Demux is a class so we can connect to multiple chains and process them in the same app (our friends EOSphere are working on both EOS-Mainnet, WORBLI and soon to be TELOS). Doing so would require using multi threading though.
How do I get the code?
You can find it here:
There is also a demonstration app here:
What's next?
We are intending to build a module that will integrate this with the Django web framework and store blockchain data in a relational database for easier processing for web applications.
How can I help?
Our work is supported by the EOSphere Australia. If you vote for us 'eosphereiobp' we will be able to create more stuff for you and the ecosystem.
Maybe we can help you with building blockchain and web applications, you can contact us through EOSphere or at
Mark Lockett is a Developer on the EOSphere Team his work is supported by EOSphere
Back To Top


Wave Control with
Monday, March 13, 2017 - 10:15am - 11:05am
Keller 3-180
Mathias Fink (École Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI))
Photonic crystals and Metamaterials are made from assemblies of multiple elements usually arranged in repeating patterns at scales of the order or smaller than the wavelengths of the phenomena they influence. Because time and space play a similar role in wave propagation, wave propagation is affected by spatial modulation or by time modulation of the refractive index. Here we emphasize the role of time modulation. We show that sudden changes of the medium properties generate instant wave sources that emerge instantaneously from the entire wavefield and can be used to control wavefield and to revisit the way to create time-reversed waves. Experimental demonstrations of this approach with water waves will be presented and the extension of this concept to acoustic and electromagnetic waves will be discussed. More sophisticated time manipulations can also be studied in order to extend the concept of photonic crystals in the time domain.


text:
Analysis of open-access common-property natural resource (NR) has occurred under "low" congestion (LC) – where 𝐴𝐶 and 𝑀𝐶 increase with output 𝑄 – and has for the most part ignored the more important congestion categories where 𝐴𝐶 (𝑀𝐶) is backward-bending (negative) and welfare and NR losses are significantly greater. This paper identifies two such categories, "high" (HC) and "super" (SC) congestion, and examines the impact of open access on steady-state welfare, NR, employment, output and price in a general equilibrium model. Main findings are: i) Welfare and NR costs (and optimal taxes) are a multiple or orders of magnitude greater under HC and (especially) SC than under LC, with trade further – and always – reducing an open-access exporter's NR and welfare. These results are robust to alternative parameter values and functional forms and greatly increase the importance of regulation; ii) An optimal tax raises price and reduces output under autarky in the case of LC and HC but reduces price and raises output under SC, with significantly larger gains; iii) Studies conducted under LC show trade between open-access developing country C1 and regulated but otherwise identical C2 reduces C1's welfare and both C1's and global NR, and though the same holds under HC, the opposite holds under SC; iv) Trade between two open-access countries – say, a developing and an emerging one – with different externality (population) levels raises global output and welfare, improves NR's global efficiency, raises (does not affect) its level, and reduces international inequality; and v) Emigration's welfare gain is much larger under SC than under LC, especially if migration results in LC after migration. Application to other issues and policy implications are provided.
Open Access natural resource unexamined high congestion autarky and trade aquaculture


Dust marks turn the city into a legible visualization of particulate matter pollution. Dust particles accumulate on the surfaces of the city, forming a patina. Dust marks partially remove this patina and make it legible based on the technique of reverse graffiti. As new particles continue to accumulate, the patterns slowly fade and thus reveal the effect of air pollution.


1 [kount]
verb (used with object)
to reckon up; calculate; compute.
to include in a reckoning; take into account: There are five of us here, counting me.
to reckon to the credit of another; ascribe; impute.
verb (used without object)
to reckon numerically.
to have a specified numerical value.
to have merit, importance, value, etc.; deserve consideration: Every bit of help counts.
to have worth; amount (usually followed by for ): Intelligence counts for something.
the act of counting; enumeration; reckoning; calculation: A count of hands showed 23 in favor and 16 opposed.
an accounting.
Archaic. regard; notice.
Verb phrases
count on/upon, to depend or rely on: You can always count on him to lend you money.
count out,
count coup. coup1 ( def 4 ).
half-counted, adjective
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Cite This Source Link To half-counted
World English Dictionary
count1 (kaʊnt)
vb (often foll by in) (often foll by for)
2. (tr) to recite numbers in ascending order up to and including
3. to take into account or include: we must count him in
4. not counting excluding
5. (tr) to believe to be; consider; think; deem: count yourself lucky
6. (intr) to recite or list numbers in ascending order either in units or groups: to count in tens
7. (intr) to have value, importance, or influence: this picture counts as a rarity
8. to have a certain specified value or importance: the job counts for a lot
9. (intr) music to keep time by counting beats
10. the act of counting or reckoning
11. the number reached by counting; sum
12. law a paragraph in an indictment containing a distinct and separate charge
13. physics the total number of photons or ionized particles detected by a counter
14. keep count to keep a record of items, events, etc
15. lose count to fail to keep an accurate record of items, events, etc
16. boxing, wrestling the act of telling off a number of seconds by the referee, as when a boxer has been knocked down or a wrestler pinned by his opponent
17. boxing out for the count knocked out and unable to continue after a count of ten by the referee
18. boxing take the count to be unable to continue after a count of ten
19. archaic notice; regard; account
[C14: from Anglo-French counter, from Old French conter, from Latin computāre to calculate, compute]
count2 (kaʊnt)
1. a nobleman in any of various European countries having a rank corresponding to that of a British earl
2. any of various officials in the late Roman Empire and under various Germanic kings in the early Middle Ages
Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 10th Edition
Cite This Source
Word Origin & History
mid-14c., from O.Fr. conter "add up," but also "tell a story," from L. computare (see compute).
"title of nobility," mid-13c., from O.Fr. conte, from L. comitem (nom. comes) "companion, attendant," the Roman term for a provincial governor, from com- "with" + ire "go." The Anglo-Norm. term was used to render O.E. eorl, but the word was never truly naturalized and was mainly used with reference to
foreign titles.
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper
Cite This Source
American Heritage
Medical Dictionary
count (kount)
v. count·ed, count·ing, counts
 1. The act of counting or calculating.
 2. The totality of specific items in a particular sample.
The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary
Cite This Source
Copyright © 2014 Dictionary.com, LLC. All rights reserved.
 - Please Login or Sign Up to use the Recent Searches feature


text:
Canadian Forest Service Publications
Surveillance des ravageurs forestiers au Canada. Situation actuelle, compatibilités, lacunes et proposition d'un programme de surveillance renforcée. 2012. Conseil canadien des ministres des forêts, Ottawa. 46 p.
Available from: National Capital Region
Catalog ID: 33985
The historical occurrence and distribution patterns of native forest pests have been modified, or are expected to be modified in the next decade, as a result of climate change. At the same time, the risks posed by invasive alien species are expected to increase as international trade and traffic grow.
Three monitoring scenarios, including approximate costs, have been developed to guide decision-making in developing an ecosystem-based monitoring program.
The goal with this scenario approach—Good, Better, Best—is to enhance existing programs while encouraging nation-wide harmonization and development of best practices.
Also available under the title:
Forest Pest Monitoring in Canada. Current Situation, Compatibilities, Gaps and Proposed Enhanced Monitoring Program. (English)


text:
Australian Forestry: The challenges of sustaining a strong regional journal
Australian Forestry is a peer-reviewed publication published by the Institute of Foresters of Australia that is important to both the forest industry and the forestry research community in Australia. In recent years the journal has struggled to remain viable in the face of a number of structural changes in the Australian forest industry and forestry research community, and increased tension between pressure on academic researchers to publish in journals with a high impact factor and the desire to communicate research results to an industry readership at tolerable cost. In 2014 the management of the journal was changed, including the establishment of a new editorial board to oversee a strategic review of the journal and provide strategic management into the future.
As part of this review an extensive survey was commissioned of members of the Institute of Foresters of Australia on their views of the journal. The survey was conducted to get a better profile of both the market within Australian foresters and the expectations of that market. Along with this survey the journal publishing report was reviewed for the previous 2 years. The review was intended to gain insight into the publication results but also see how the publication metrics aligned with the perceptions and expectations provided by the readership survey.
Authors who publish with this proceedings volume agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the Conference organisers right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0 that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this proceedings volume.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the proceeding's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this proceedings volume.


The Asian Canadian Living Archive (TACLA) is reclamation and renewal.
We at TACLA believe in the power of listening to and recording the stories and wisdoms of those who came before us and did the necessary work to pave a way for us in the present.
We also believe in using our creative abilities to engage, expand, and critique the work of our elders, and tell our own stories to forge different ways.
TACLA is a meeting ground for creative storytelling and intergenerational engagement, nurtured by and for our communities. We are committed to creative research, artful representation, and equitable outreach to tell intentional narratives about our histories, presents, and futures.
Mandate // Archive As GenealogIES
Why create TACLA?
TACLA has a threefold mandate in our activities:
 1. To Coalesce: To connect and bring pan-Asian artists together in dialogue, creation and resistance
 2. To Keep: To imaginatively remember histories, presents, and stories of pan-Asian Canadian artist communities
 3. To Witness: To animate multiple knowledges in nonlinear, messy and flexible ways for the purpose of empowering, educating and healing communities
What goes in TACLA?
In phase one, we will be actively sourcing, brainstorming and pitching TACLA's ideas to groups of people, partnering with community organizations to pilot initiatives.
In phase two, we will begin co-constructing multimedia artist profiles, compile a directory of active community arts and grassroots initiatives in the GTA, publish critical intertexts in the form of introductions and reviews produced by our communities, and program animation and outreach events throughout the GTA.
How does TACLA work?
TACLA is committed to working collaboratively in decolonial praxis and radical imagination, which means critically working in solidarity with and toward pan-Asian communities.
We understand that allyship requires a spirit of humility, listening, and a willingness to be open and held accountable to build relationships communally through the many different histories, cultures and positionalities that make the pan Asian diaspora on Turtle Island.
All Our Relations
TACLA is committed to solidarity with Indigenous Nations and peoples who are the traditional and present keepers of this land.
We are also allied with Black communities here on Turtle Island fighting white supremacy, anti-blackness and the devastating, continuing structures of colonialism.
We believe in intentional solidarity and allyship practices. We invoke the pan-Asian as both praxis and goal while recognizing that Asian diasporas, histories and presents are varied, complex and conflicting.


text:
A moonbow is a rainbow produced by light reflected off the surface of the moon rather than from direct sunlight. Because the light is usually too faint to excite the cone color receptors in human eyes, it is difficult for the human eye to discern colors in a moonbow. As a result, they often appear to be white.
From the Milky Way to the moon, the beauty of Yosemite National Park in California, USA, is on display 24 hours a day. During the full moon of the the spring and early summer, moonbows can be seen on many park waterfalls.


text:
Benefits of Ductility in TMT Iron Rods
Thermo-Mechanically-Treated (TMT) iron rods are known for their high yield strength and ductility which make them highly preferable and the most common building materials suitable for all kinds of construction. Ductility is as important as strength in TMT iron rods because of its impact in holding structures firm during earthquakes.
What Makes TMT Iron Rod Ductile
The ductility of TMT iron rods means that it can bend up to its maximum tensile strength without being brittle or losing its strength. It is the ability of the iron rod to easily deform and adapt as it is put under stress with tensile load within a construction unit. It is also known as the ability of the iron rod to be elongated. The ductility of TMT iron rod is therefore made possible through its elongation.
Ductility is formed in TMT iron rod as a result of the annealing process, in which the soft inner core cools under atmospheric temperature. This results in the formation of a ferrite-pearlite core that provides the ductility.
Importance of Ductility in TMT Iron Rods
- Aesthetic design
- Ability to withstand earthquake/shock wave
Ductility improves the overall safety of the structure after exceeding the permissible load values. Construction projects are designed with the expected load in mind. In the process of construction, the structure, a bridge for example, can carry extra load if the concrete is reinforced with TMT iron rod because of its ductility.
Ductility gives TMT iron rod easy and higher bendability. This ensures that it can be bent and shaped as one desires without breaking or cracking and can be used for various construction purposes. The bendability also ensures protection from natural disasters such as earthquake.
The ductility of TMT iron rod results in greater pliability which allows for aesthetic designing of a structure. As a result of its easy bendability, which enables it to be shaped according to one's need and structural specifications, TMT iron rod makes aesthetic design possible and easy while still ensuring the safety of the structure.
Any TMT iron rod with perfect ductility gives high level of flexibility to buildings and structures. This helps the building to maintain its structure during earthquake and other natural disasters.
Ductility gives TMT iron rod ability to stop any sudden failure caused by extra load. It also makes the iron rod take in tension force and withstand stronger shock waves. This gives the structure a longer lifespan and enables it to serve its purpose for many years. It also guides against the need for constant renovation and repairs caused by damage and collapse.
[READ FURTHER: Ten Facts you Didn't Know About TMT Iron Rods]
Make the Right Choice
Build with TIGER TMT iron rod, the best and most preferred TMT brand. TIGER TMT iron rod goes through the most advanced and fully-automated quenching process that makes the inner part softer and the outer part harder. This gives it perfect ductility without losing its toughness.
TIGER TMT also has great bending properties and is easily shaped without cracking or breaking. This quality makes TIGER TMT resistant to earthquake and other natural disasters.
By resisting earthquake, TIGER TMT gives buildings and structure durability, longevity and ensures that they are long-lasting.
To learn more about the qualities of TIGER TMT, click here.


Cerbera Odollam a.k.a
Suicide Tree
Plant Toxin
Reported by: Ruedas, Laurence N. and Teñido, Christene Q.
Cerbera Odollam
Cerbera Odollam
Kingdom: Plantae
Class: Eudicots
Order: Gentianales
Family: Apocynaceae
Genus: Cerbera
Species: C. odollam
Common Names: Pong
Pong Tree
Status: Vulnerable
Cerbera odollam commonly known as
the Suicide tree, Pong-pong,
and Othalanga, is a species of tree native
to India and other parts of Southern Asia.
It grows preferentially in coastal salt
swamps and in marshy areas.
It grows wild along the coast in many parts
of Kerala, India and has been grown as a
hedge between home compounds.
Cerbera odollam tree is known by a
number of vernacular names depending
on the region.
 othalanga maram in the Malayalam
language used in Kerala, India
 kattu arali in the adjacent state of
 famentana, kisopo, samanta or tangena in
 pong-pong, buta-buta,bintaro or nyan in
Southeast Asia.
The kernels of C.odollam contain cerberin,
a potent alkaloid toxin
The poison blocks the calcium ion
channels in heart muscle, causing
disruption of the heart beat. This is most
often fatal.
Cerberin is difficult to detect in autopsies
and its taste can be masked with
strong spices.
CerberinC32H48O9
Cerberin is a cardiac glycoside, a
substance that blocks electric impulses in
the body (including the beating of the
 It is found in the leaves and the fruits of
plants in the genus Cerbera.
Cerbera Manghas
Cerbera Tanghin
Within an hour:
retching, nausea, vomiting and abdominal
pain occur
After few hours:
- patient becomes weak and drowsy and may
lapse into coma
- Bradycardia arrhythmia is the most obvious
Management consists of the elimination of
unabsorbed poison by stomach wash,
purgatives, bowel wash and correction of
bradyarrhythmias by intravenous atropine
(0.5 mg).
In severe cases, the drug has to be
repeated even at 15 minutes intervals or it
has to be administered as a continuous
drip. When bradycardia is not corrected by
atropine, the patient may require cardiac
Cerbera Odollam
~Making the History~
In 2004, a team led by
Yvan Gaillard of the
Laboratory of
Analytical Toxicology
in La Voulte-surRhône, France
documented more than
500 cases of fatal
Cerbera poisoning
between 1989 and
1999 in the south-west
Indian state
of Kerala alone.
The seeds also have a
long history as a
poison in Madagascar.
The poison was
responsible for the
death of 2% of the
population (3000
people per year,
50,000 per generation)
of the central province
of Madagascar.
Article Source:;id=_PHONE_


Documents from Club 100 Files
Several documents were found in the office files that provide additional information about the early days of the Club.
Dr. Katsumi Komentani, a dentist and the 100th's Morale Officer, was considered the key person in purposing and planning a postwar organization for the veterans. His son, Franklin, brought the following document and other items to the clubhouse years after Dr. Kometani had passed away. This preliminary "Charter and By-Laws" looks like it may have been drafted in late 1944 or in 1945:
Preliminary Summary of Charter and By-laws
The success of the Blood Bank Project was summarized in the following article:
Blood Bank Project
The guidelines for the Loan Fund Program appeared in the November 1947 Puka Puka Parade:
Mutual Loan Fund Program
The Objects and Purposes of the Club were included in the program for the 10th anniversary celebration of the battalion's formation.
Purpose of Club 100
Veteran Ben Tamashiro was assigned the task of writing the postwar history of the Club for the 30th Anniversary brochure. His list of the Club's projects and activities illustrate what a dynamic organization had evolved. Each chapter held family nights at the clubhouse. As the veterans retired, more annual events were added to the calendar such as a golf club banquet in January, bonsai show in July, a bowling league party in August, and a green thumb orchid show in November.
Club Activities