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The cacheRunner example performs distributed caching operations based on user commands. The example is located in the GemFire installation under
In every shell used to run this example application, configure your environment according to the instructions provided in examples/EnvSetup.html.
environment is set, change to the
directory to run the application. You may wish to configure the example
to run with non-default connection properties (to use a unique mcast-port,
for example). To do this, copy the
examples/dist/cacheRunner directory and edit it as needed.
The application takes a cache configuration file in input. You can use the example configuration files
provided in the example directory and you can create and test your own.
This sample loads
examples/cacheRunner/cache.xml file for cache initialization:
java cacheRunner.CacheRunner cache.xml
Once started, the application allows you to perform most of the caching
activities that are available through the Java API (the program's "
help" lists all possible commands). With its free-form approach, this
cacheRunner program allows you to to explore the various caching models. The following examples guide you through three basic cache applications, but we encourage you to to try your own.
Example 1 - Exploring Data Distribution and Replication
This first example runs two Java applications in one distributed system. The applications define the same cache regions:
a root region, named "root", with three subregions:
rlocal (no distribution),
rdistnoack (distribution with pull model), and
rglobalreplication (complete replication of data).
To try out
cacheRunner with these configuration files, set up two shells
with the same environment settings, and
cd to the
examples/dist/cacheRunner directory. You may need to change how these processes find each other to avoid conflicting with processes that are already running. To do so, copy
gemfire.properties from the
defaultConfig directory of the installation and modify the
In both shells, run:
java cacheRunner.CacheRunner cache.xml
This starts the applications and initializes their caches according to
help lists the available operations. In one shell, add
some entries to the three subregions,
From the other shell, list the region contents
and note that
rglobalreplication is already equivalent to its counterpart
in the first shell. Still in the second shell, try to get entries that are already
defined in the first shell and note the result. Add some entries to the
regions in the second shell and note the effects on the regions in the first shell.
backup_cache.xml file configures a GemFire cache
root, that backs up its contents to disk. When data is placed into
this region, it is scheduled for an asynchronous write to disk.
You can run this example from the
java cacheRunner.CacheRunner backup_cache.xml
After adding several entries to the root region using the "put" command, you can exit the program. Upon restarting with the same XML configuration file, you can obtain the values of the entries you added using the "get" command. The entries should have the values you put in the previous invocation of the CacheRunner example.
The backup files are in the
BackupDirectory. If you want to try out the rollover of
backup files, edit this
line in the
backup_cache.xml to set the file size limit to 1 megabyte:
Then do puts until you create more than a megabyte of data. Alternatively,
you can enter
forceRolling at the command prompt.
The active backup file is
n is a
sequence number. When the file rolls over, the data is archived to
BACKUP_root.db and the current file is replaced by a
new file with the next sequence number. To save all
the backup files, rather than deleting the old ones,
turn off rolling in the
Example 3 - Querying and Indexing
queryPortfolios.xml file configures a GemFire cache
region with the Portfolios region that is discussed in the Querying chapter
of the GemFire Enterprise Distributed Caching Programmer's Guide. The accompanying
queryPortfolios.in, can be used to run most of the queries
that are listed in that chapter. To run those queries against the
queryPortfolios.xml data, execute this command:
java cacheRunner.CacheRunner queryPortfolios.xml < queryPortfolios.in
This lists every query and its results and then exits.
You can run your own queries against the same data by starting cacheRunner like this:
java cacheRunner.CacheRunner queryPortfolios.xml
For information on creating queries and indexes interactively, see the program help or the examples in the


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Improving the understanding of disaster risks in Europe is an important step towards effective disaster risk reduction, and constitutes the basis for planning emergency preparedness and response to emergencies and disasters in Europe. The Overview of Risks is one of the disaster prevention measures foreseen under the Union Civil Protection Mechanism. At the same time, it represents one of the European Commission's main commitments set out in the Action Plan for the implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. Its launch coincides with the participation of the European Commission at the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction, last May in Cancun, Mexico. The Overview of Risks compiles outcomes of disaster risk assessments undertaken at national levels across Europe and cross-references them with scientific and other data. The analysis highlights the predominant attention given to disaster risks such as flood, extreme weather, forest fire, industrial accidents and the disruption of critical infrastructure. Other disaster risks such as pandemics, radiological accidents, terrorism, cybercrime, earthquakes and animal diseases are also of particular importance to emergency management authorities across Europe.
The Overview of Risks is available at: _URL_

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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All these names refer to the same animal...the Nutria.
- Nutria live up to 20 years
- Nutria swim using web feet and are strong animals when caught
- Nutria are brown with yellow to red teeth (incisors)
- Nutria are mostly active at night
- Nutria must eat constantly
Why are Nutria considered pests?
- Nutria destroy trees by girdling them (see picture above)
- Nutria eat farmers vegetable crops, garden plants, and dig up your grass looking for food
- Nutria eat vital wetland marsh vegetation until it is gone
- Nutria will dig holes and burrow everywhere and anywhere making it unsafe to walk
- Nutria dig holes and nests in levees, water control dikes, thus causing them to fail suddenly
- And the list goes on and on.
ORGANIC NATURAL NUTRIA CONTROL:
- Taste: Apply a repellent that when applied to a plant or tree tastes bad to nutria, they will stop eating it.
- Touch: Apply a repellent that will not dry and actually sticks to them and they will go elsewhere.
- Sound: Sudden sounds activated by their motion work well. Nutria disappear when you move toward them and these sound devices cause the same type of quick response to unusual or sudden sound.
- Motion: Motion activated water sprayers do a great job in encouraging them to go elsewhere.
- Fertility control: As far as we know, the use of this method is still experimental and not available to us common folk.
- Cold: They don't like it and will go to a warmer place. But we haven't learned how anyone has used this to prevent them yet. Make your million by figuring out a way to use it to drive nutria back to South America.
- Allowing animals including alligators, eagles, turtles, for example to live in the same area can reduce the nutria population.
Live Trapping: Bait with cracked corn or a chemical lure that emits an odor that is a sexual attractant to nutria and makes them walk right into a live trap easily.
- Snares: Destroy the nutria after catching.
- Leg hold: Destroy the nutria after catching.
- Live cage traps: Place the cage traps on land or on a raft floating in the water. Destroy the nutria by drowning or shooting them while the nutria are in the trap or relocate the nutria far far away.
Kill Trapping: Bait with cracked corn.
- Body grip traps: These traps are designed to kill quickly.
Shooting: Dispatch the nutria safely and legally as applicable in your area.
CHEMICAL NUTRIA CONTROL:
Pesticides: There are no approved pesticides for nutria pest control.
Poison: There are no approved poisons that kill nutria.


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The University Record, March 18, 1998
To help environment, limit number of children
The Feb. 18 article "Take Part in Environmental Theme Semester by conserving paper, energy" listed some nice ideas like use smaller font sizes, print on both sides, etc., but forgot the most important contribution we can make to the environmentăto limit the number of children we produce to no more than two.
Consumption and pollution are directly proportional to the size of the human population. Everything in the list is trivial compared to the benefit we can cause to the environment by each of us limiting the number of children we produce to at most two.
In our country now-a-days most couples are going for three, four kids; some are even having seven kids in one pregnancy and winning huge prizes. This trend is not helpful to the environment.
If you run this item again later on, I hope the fact that limiting the number of children to at most two is the most beneficial thing to the environment that we can do, will be highlighted prominently.
Katta Murty, professor of industrial and operations engineering

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Waist to Height Ratio Calculator
Our waist to height ratio calculator estimates your waist-height ratio, which is a simple, yet effective indicator of centralized obesity and associated cardiometabolic risk. Men and women should keep their waist circumference, no more than half their height.
Why is waist-height ratio important?
The waist to height ratio is a measure of the distribution of body fat. Higher values of waist-height ratio indicate a higher risk of obesity-related cardiovascular diseases since it is correlated with abdominal obesity. Studies have found that waist-height ratio is a good indicator of the risk of heart attack, stroke or death, yet it hasn't been proved to measure the risk of diabetes. Other indicators of abdominal obesity are body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio. Based on the waist to height ratio, you can allocate yourself to one of these groups:
 - Extremely slim - <0.34 both for men and women
 - Healthy - 0.43 to 0.52 for men and 0.42 to 0.48 for women
 - Overweight - 0.53 to 0.57 for men and 0.49 to 0.53 for women
 - Very overweight - 0.58 to 0.62 for men and 0.54 to 0.57 for women
 - Morbidly obese - >0.63 for men and >0.58 for women
How to measure your waist?
According to the WHO's data gathering protocol, the waist circumference should be measured at the midpoint between the last palpable rib and the top of the iliac crest, using a stretch‐resistant tape.
Practically, the measurements are usually taken at the smallest circumference of the natural waist, usually just above the belly button.
What does waist to height ratio calculator do?
The waist-height ratio is calculated as waist measurement divided by height measurement W ÷ H. For example, a person with a 28 in (71 cm) waist and 5 ft 7 in (170 cm) height has a waist–height ratio of 0.42.
The waist-height ratio indicator is equally valid for children and adults, irrespective of age, although the parameters for waist circumference, height and waist-height ratio could vary between races and ethnicities.
What is your body shape? 'APPLE' or 'PEAR'?
Apple shaped bodies are those with bigger waists and excess weight around the abdomen, whereas a pear shaped body is one that carries more weight around the hips with a narrower waist. 'Apples' have more fat in the waist region compared to 'pears'.
A pear shaped body is believed to reduce risk of diabetes, heart disease and other metabolic complications. On the other hand, an apple shaped person carries excess abdominal fat (close to the heart, liver and kidneys) and is therefore at far greater health risk.
Waist Circumference is considered a risk factor for heart disease, irrespective of height and build, in the following cases:
 - Men: Over 94 cm (approximately 37 inches)
 - Women: Over 80 cm (approximately 31.5 inches)
Some Interesting Facts
 - Waist-Height Ratio is a good early assessment tool for cardiometabolic risk.
 - India ranks No.1 worldwide in diabetes incidence. Thus, in India, the Waist-Height Ratio can act as a perfect indicator to assess heart health risks.
 - Experts claim that the waist height ratio is a much more accurate measurement of weight than the tried and tested Body Mass Index (BMI)
 - If you can keep your waist circumference to less than half of your height, you will reduce your risk of conditions associated with abdominal fat, such as stroke, heart disease and diabetes(High/low blood sugar).
 - For people under 40, a waist to height ratio of over 0.5 can be critical, while for people between 40 and 50 years of age, the critical value is between 0.5 and 0.6. For people over 50 the critical value begins at 0.6.
 - Your waist measurements are the most accurate just after you wake up from 7-8 hours of sleep.
Find out more calculators on Health and Fitness


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Energizer POWERWIN LiFePO4 Power Station
A lithium power station like the Energizer PPS320 is a portable battery-based energy storage system that can be used to power a home or outdoor event. It typically consists of a large lithium iron phosphate battery pack, a charge controller that regulates the charging and discharging of the batteries, and an inverter that converts the stored DC power into usable AC power. These power stations are designed to be highly reliable, safe and durable compared to traditional lead-acid batteries and can be charged using renewable energy sources such as solar panels.
The Energizer PPS320, 12V portable power station is a compact, portable energy storage device designed for camping and outdoor activities. It typically contains a rechargeable battery, an inverter that converts DC power to AC power, and a set of output ports for charging or powering a variety of devices. 12V output is typically used to power lights, fans, small refrigerators, and other low-power devices.
Portable power stations are also equipped with built-in solar panels, which allows them to be charged outdoors using solar power. Solar panels like the POWERWIN PWS110 are typically compact and lightweight, making them easy to transport and use when camping or hiking. It can provide a source of charging for energy storage anytime, anywhere. Energizer POWERWIN, power to win!


Six-Fingered Giants
Six-fingered giants
Polydactyly is an inherited condition in which a person has extra fingers or toes. It is caused by a dominant allele of a gene. This means it can be passed on by just one parent if they have the disorder.
Interestingly, not all ancient giants were found with six fingers or six toes, just a fair portion of them which denotes a sense of small community to breed within and consanguinity (inbreeding). It is not that their sub-genus of man naturally had six fingers, but that conditions for breeding were such that a good deal of their population was cursed/blessed with extra digits.
If you had a few dozen people who could not breed outside of their subgenus and the dating pool was the small community of options, traits would be passed by both parents.
This is like redheads. It takes two parents who carry the redheaded gene to produce a redheaded kid. In the case of polydactyly, with both parents carrying the gene, this will become much more prevalent in the population.
The ancients weren't stupid. They were accounting for something unique - across the land!


Adjaruli Khachapuri - Gastro Obscura
Prepared Foods
Adjaruli Khachapuri
Economists use this cheesy bread as a metric for cost of living between Georgian cities.
Georgians make khachapuri (pronounced "hatch-ah-POO-ree") all across the country. This cheese bread is so popular that economists at Tbilisi State University actually use the dish as a metric for inflation and cost of living between cities. They divide the average household income by the "Kh-index" (the cost of ingredients, as well as energy like gas or electricity, needed to produce one Imeretian-style khachapuri in a given city). This reveals how many servings the average family can afford to make in each city.
Despite the ubiquity of khachapuri, the details of this dish vary by region. It can be double-crusted, round, square, cheese-topped, or cheese-filled. Georgians incorporate a wide array of cheeses and doughs, and will cook it on a stovetop or in the oven. Some versions contain bitter greens or boiled potatoes, while others are filled with whole eggs.
Adjaruli khachapuri, hailing from the Adjara region on the coast of the Black Sea, has three distinct features: an open-faced boat shape, a raw egg, and a pat of butter on top. Adjarians fill their bread boats with sulguni, a brined cow cheese that's a little bit sour and salty, with the elasticity of mozzarella. Even better, the Kh-index indicates that Adjara is on the up and up. More boat-shaped cheese breads all around!
Need to Know
To properly eat Adjaruli khachapuri, mix the yolk and butter into the melted cheese, then rip off chunks of the bread boat to scoop up the insides. Think of it as an all-in-one fondue.
Where to Try It
Community Discussion
Contributed by
rachelrummel rachelrummel
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The Hamlet (Hypoplectrus), is a grouping fish that is found mainly in coral reefs in the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico, particularly around Florida and the Bahamas.
Hamlets are simultaneous hermaphrodites (or synchronous hermaphrodites): They have both male and female sexual organs at the same time as an adult. They seem quite at ease mating in front of divers, allowing observations in the wild to occur readily. They do not practice self-fertilization, but when they find a mate, the pair takes turns between which one acts as the male and which acts as the female through multiple matings, usually over the course of several nights.
It's a popular choice for hobbyist saltwater aquariums.
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Accessing Sparse Matrices
Nonzero Elements
There are several commands that provide high-level information about the nonzero elements of a sparse matrix:
 - nnz returns the number of nonzero elements in a sparse matrix.
 - nonzeros returns a column vector containing all the nonzero elements of a sparse matrix.
 - nzmax returns the amount of storage space allocated for the nonzero entries of a sparse matrix.
To try some of these, load the supplied sparse matrix west0479, one of the Harwell-Boeing collection.
load west0479
 Name Size Bytes Class Attributes
 M_full 1100x1100 _PHONE_ double
 M_sparse 1100x1100 5004 double sparse
 west0479 479x479 24564 double sparse
This matrix models an eight-stage chemical distillation column.
Try these commands.
ans =
format short e
west0479 =
 (25,1) 1.0000e+00
 (31,1) -3.7648e-02
 (87,1) -3.4424e-01
 (26,2) 1.0000e+00
 (31,2) -2.4523e-02
 (88,2) -3.7371e-01
 (27,3) 1.0000e+00
 (31,3) -3.6613e-02
 (89,3) -8.3694e-01
 (28,4) 1.3000e+02
 ans =
 Note: Use Ctrl+C to stop the nonzeros listing at any time.
Note that initially nnz has the same value as nzmax by default. That is, the number of nonzero elements is equivalent to the number of storage locations allocated for nonzeros. However, MATLAB® software does not dynamically release memory if you zero out additional array elements. Changing the value of some matrix elements to zero changes the value of nnz, but not that of nzmax.
However, you can add as many nonzero elements to the matrix as desired. You are not constrained by the original value of nzmax.
Indices and Values
For any matrix, full or sparse, the find function returns the indices and values of nonzero elements. Its syntax is
[i,j,s] = find(S)
find returns the row indices of nonzero values in vector i, the column indices in vector j, and the nonzero values themselves in the vector s. The example below uses find to locate the indices and values of the nonzeros in a sparse matrix. The sparse function uses the find output, together with the size of the matrix, to recreate the matrix.
[i,j,s] = find(S)
[m,n] = size(S)
S = sparse(i,j,s,m,n)
Indexing in Sparse Matrix Operations
Because sparse matrices are stored in compressed sparse column format, there are different costs associated with indexing into a sparse matrix than there are indexing into a full matrix. For example, consider the 4-by-4 identity matrix:
To replace the 2,1 entry with the number 3, you would do this:
A =
 1 0 0 0
 3 1 0 0
 0 0 1 0
 0 0 0 1
Now suppose you were working on a sparse matrix:
The find command returns the indices and values of the nonzero components of a matrix:
ans =
 1 1 1
 2 2 1
 3 3 1
 4 4 1
If you wanted to change a value in this matrix, you might be tempted to use the same indexing:
B(3,1) = 42;
This code does work, however, it is slow. Since MATLAB stores sparse matrices in compressed sparse column format, it needs to overwrite multiple entries in B.
ans =
 1 1 1
 3 1 42
 2 2 1
 3 3 1
 4 4 1
In order to store the new matrix with '42' at (3,1), MATLAB overwrites all matrix values after 3,1 and adds an additional row to the nonzero values vector and the row indices vectors.
Instead of using subscripted assignment, try using the sparse command to construct the matrix from the triplets. For example, suppose you wanted the sparse form of the coordinate matrix C:
You can use indexing:
but this has the same issue that many of the entries in C need to be overwritten. If you use a loop, you exacerbate the inefficiency:
for k=1:3
Instead of rewriting every matrix entry when you want to rewrite one, construct the three-column matrix directly with the sparse function:
i = [1 4 2 4 3 4 1 2 3 4]';
j = [1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 4 4]';
s = [4 -1 4 -1 4 -1 -1 -1 -1 4]';
CSP = sparse(i,j,s);
For more information on how MATLAB stores sparse matrices, see John R. Gilbert, Cleve Moler, and Robert Schreiber's Sparse Matrices In Matlab: Design and Implementation, (SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications, 13:1, 333–356 (1992)).
Visualizing Sparse Matrices
It is often useful to use a graphical format to view the distribution of the nonzero elements within a sparse matrix. The MATLAB spy function produces a template view of the sparsity structure, where each point on the graph represents the location of a nonzero array element.
For example:
Load the supplied sparse matrix west0479, one of the Harwell-Boeing collection.
load west0479
View the sparsity structure.
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SAVING THE Devils River minnow
In just about 50 years, the Devils River minnow has gone from being one of the most abundant native fishes in southern Texas to one of the rarest fishes in the world. Requiring clean spring waters for survival, populations of this tiny, shiny minnow have declined drastically as stream modifications and pollution have increased. Sadly, the fish has even been eliminated from the upper and lower portions of its namesake — the Devils River. The Devils River minnow is part of a unique fish fauna in the area where the Chihuahuan Desert, Edwards Plateau, and South Brush Texas ecosystems join. Badly hurt by human water use and introduced species, half the native fishes in this region are considered imperiled, and four species have already gone extinct.
Although first proposed for endangered status under the Endangered Species Act in 1978, the Devils River minnow wasn't listed until 1999 — at which point it earned only threatened status and was given no habitat protections. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's final recovery plan for the minnow, approved in 2005, relies exclusively on voluntary measures for the species' protection and is insufficient to prevent the fish's extinction, much less promote its recovery.
Shortly after the minnow's recovery plan was approved, the Center, Forest Guardians, and Save Our Springs Alliance filed a lawsuit against the Service to challenge the minnow's lack of designated critical habitat, as well the fact that it has been granted only threatened — rather than endangered — status. We continue to work for river protection to save the habitat of the Devils River minnow and many other imperiled species.
Contact: Jeff Miller
|Photo © Garold W. Sneegas||HOME / DONATE NOW / SIGN UP FOR E-NETWORK / CONTACT US / PHOTO USE /|


Mental Health and Body Confidence ; In discussion with Nilushka Perera for Flabulous
By Ranjula Herath | Published: 2:00 AM Jul 11 2020
Health Mental Health and Body Confidence ; In discussion with Nilushka Perera for Flabulous
By Ranjula Herath
Flabulous is a body positive brand which aspires to build confidence in their community through style for the content they share. One of their recent projects was launching a platform called 'My Flabulous Life' – a content platform that helps you to transform yourself to build the best version of you. This week's focus was on impact of mental health and body confidence.
Nilushka Perera is a behavioural health researcher and lecturer based in Colombo Sri Lanka. She has a background in International Public Health and Psychology where she explores the intersection of behavioural healthcare, digital health and community development across multiple settings. She is currently the Head of Evaluation and Impact for a UK based charity called Best Beginnings. Nilushka has over seven years of experience in project management and research across organisational, health, educational and community based settings and her core research interests are global health, community based health interventions, digital health and perinatal mental health.
We hear the term mental health often. What is your definition of having a sound mental health?
This is a complex question. 'Sound' mental health from a personal point of view is different to all of us. A good balance mentally, for me, is to be able to cope well with the ups and downs in life, be grounded in the realities of the world and gain a sense of contentment/satisfaction with all we do. The term 'Mental Health' is being thrown around a lot these days, so I think it's crucial that we understand how we can help each other and the complexity of mental health and
well-being as a whole.
How do you see the relationship between having good mental health and your level of self confidence?
I think having a good awareness of who you are and how your life experiences have moulded you and your thinking; this makes you confident. Because you know where you stand. The confidence comes because you have worked on yourself and challenged yourself over and over again. Your mental health and how you are feeling can have a profound impact on your confidence, but everyone has different experiences, because how people see confidence is different. It can range from putting yourself in challenging situations to even asking a question from a friend. Having an understanding of your thoughts can hep you gain clarity and confidence as a whole.
What are your top three hacks to be more self confident?
- Put in the work to get to know yourself and your experiences. It helps to put things into perspective.
- Be kind to yourself. The world is a demanding place with so many expectations.
- Find out what works for you. There are so many people who give tips and tricks, but there is no one size fits all when it comes to mental health and well being.
Many communities struggle with negative body image. What is the root cause of this and how does mental health play a role in it?
Well, there are many social, economical, political, health factors that can contribute to body stereotyping; therefore there I cannot say there is one root cause for it. But on a surface level, humans are used to comparing themselves with each other. Media has aggravated it by communicating and showcasing beauty standards and ideal body sizes. The judgement that comes from others, who are'supposed' to care about you, can have a negative impact on you, and you start defining yourself through the eyes of others. We grow up with comments about our appearance (body size, skin colour) which are said in instead of simple hello. This can affect a person's mental health and their identity which can cascade to their relationships, friendships and even their career progression.
What is your personal mantra for better mental health?
I don't have one set mantra. Because mental health is complex!
'Carve out time to reflect and share your experiences and be kind to yourself' is something that I carry with me. I believe finding out what works for you and being clear about your role in this world, helps to bring things into perspective and stay grounded and content.
You can follow more of Flabulous's content, fashion and their campaigns at or reach us at [email protected]
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Kindergarten is when schooling typically starts for young children; however, new students could benefit from getting a head start. By providing children with an early education and necessary skills, they will surely have a bright future. The V.P.K. program in Weston, FL, is that head start. A program that gives children an opportunity to enhance pre-reading, pre-math, language, and social skills, those who participate are more likely to be successful in the following years of school. Making the adjustment to going to school can be a challenge for some and the V.P.K. program makes learning fun and will ease the transition to kindergarten, first grade, and beyond that much smoother.
V.P.K. in Weston goes one step further. Taking learning beyond books, the qualified teachers in the program guide children and help the development of strong character traits such as respect, honesty, responsibility, self-control, tolerance, kindness, and citizenship. Bringing together a traditional education as well as life skills, this program gives your child a well-rounded education that will ensure many successful years of school.
The Voluntary Prekindergarten Education Program – V.P.K is a free pre-kindergarten program for four and five-year-olds who reside in Florida. Children must be four years old on or before September 1. Parents can enroll children in this free program or wait until the following year when their child is five.
There are two V.P.K. programs available:
- The school-year program includes 540 hours of instructional time and begins in August.
- The summer program consists of 300 instructional hours and begins in June.
Starting school, being in a new environment, and interacting with other children can be scary if they are shy or haven't gained confidence in themselves. This program offers high literacy standards, developmentally appropriate curriculum, and manageable classroom sizes so that each student gets the attention, guidance, and support they need to be strong readers and excited students.


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Date of this Version
Published in Chem. Eng. Technol. (2011) 34:12, 1989–1996. DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201100353
Sugarcane bagasse was partially acetylated to enhance its oil-wicking ability in saturated environments while holding moisture for hydrocarbon biodegradation. The water sorption capacity of raw bagasse was reduced fourfold after treatment, which indicated considerably increased hydrophobicity but not a limited capability to hold moisture for hydrocarbon biodegradation. Characterization results by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and surface area analyzer suggested that treated bagasse exhibited enhanced hydrophobicity and surface area. Oil wicking test results indicate that treated bagasse is more effective in wicking oil from highly saturated environments than raw bagasse and suggest that application of this material in remediation of oil spills in highly saturated wetlands is promising.


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Pruning apple trees can be confusing, but not with the Complete Garden plant advice pruning guide encyclopaedia CD-ROM.
Each garden plant on the interactive CD-ROM is accompanied illustrated pruning advice and written explanation to help you.
There are over 20 pruning ilustrations for pruning apple trees alone. The CD is the what, when and how to prune resource.
The interactive plant database CD-ROM is not only a pruning advice resource. The CD-ROM also helps you plan an attractive garden with seasonal colour by suggesting the right plants for your garden conditions.
Interactive means that you can select to see plants and advice to answer your questions quickly and easily.
For example you might be looking for plants to line your path that won't grow too tall. Simply select a height, the month you want it to be in leaf or flower, a colour, and if the areas is in shade, partial shade or full sun. Click search and the plants to suit your requirements are displayed within seconds.
To be creative you can then find other plants to match your colour scheme and to ensure seasonal change and interest.
Each plant is accompanied with photographs to help with identification plus in-depth planting tips, pests and diseases, and garden styles to inspire your creative ideas.


Vallibadari, Valli-badari, Vallībadarī: 2 definitions
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
[«previous next»] — Vallibadari in Sanskrit glossary
Vallībadarī (वल्लीबदरी):—[=vallī-badarī] [from vallī > vall] f. a species of jujube, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
[Sanskrit to German] (Deutsch Wörterbuch)
Vallībadarī (वल्लीबदरी):—f. eine Art Judendorn, = bhūbadarī [Rājanirghaṇṭa im Śabdakalpadruma]
context information
Discover the meaning of vallibadari in the context of Sanskrit from relevant books on Exotic India
See also (Relevant definitions)
Relevant text
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Role clarity on a project or a major bid is a critical element to success. Along with understanding the big picture and ensuring communication is flowing through the team, it ranks up there as a key priority you should look to establish as you form and develop a high performing team.
In terms of how you achieve role clarity, you will usually bring the key people in to a room for each area of the project or bid and work through the development of a role clarity matrix. The role clarity matrix is a visual representation of all the activities or tasks that are required to be delivered with the appropriate people assigned to support the delivery of these activities. From here, you then look to challenge the draft role clarity matrix around gaps, duplication and whether or not you have each person playing to their strengths. This step is often overlooked despite its importance in ensuring that people and sections of a project or bid are not working in silos or working in a vacuum unclear on how others can assist them in delivering on their role linked to the bigger picture outcomes we are looking to achieve.
The benefits of a role clarity matrix are significant, particularly in the early stages of a project or major bid. These include:
- The building of a self-managed and empowered team through documenting who is doing and responsible for what;
- Better allocation of resources playing to people's strengths;
- Faster team around decision making and authority due to minimised grey areas of role clarity across the team;
- Better accountability culture within the team through no grey areas in the delivery of responsibilities;
- Greater personal confidence for each individual knowing not only their roles and responsibilities but other team members;
- Greater communication across the team as people are encouraged to go to those responsible for activities rather than adopting an up and down check in approach through management; and
- A one team approach to delivery by working together collaboratively.
The benefits as you can see are significant. However, if you wish to take role clarity to the next level, you need to break down role activities between silos and teams where there are many people involved in delivering a responsibility, activity or where teamwork is required around collaboration and communicating what needs to occur. The last thing you want to do is set up a role clarity matrix where people are in conflict with each other to undertake a task. It is also challenging to address situations where no responsibility is taken for tasks or activities that require consultation or involvement from others to be successfully delivered. For this to be achieved, you need utilise tools like the RACI model which sets very clear expectations of the people involved in your bid or project from the start.
The RACI model allows you to break the role clarity matrix down to the sub-elements of each role around who is:
- Responsible – The person doing the work to deliver an outcome. They take responsibility for delivering the activity and is usually one individual;
- Accountable – The person who needs to ensure that the task is delivered even if they have delegated it. Again, one individual and usually at a senior level is often the manager who the person responsible reports to in the project or bid;
- Consulted – This is typically individuals who need to be involved in delivering the activity and usually have some technical, client or product knowledge that is important for the person responsible to work with to ensure the outcome reflects these inputs. They need to be worked with collaboratively and in a manner that reflects their important input; and
- Informed – This is usually individuals who need to be kept informed around the progress and delivery of an activity and has some buy-in or involvement that is important to reflect in the RACI.
Your RACI needs to be functional and effective. Some key tips you can use when developing the RACI include:
- Use the role clarity matrix tasks and activities as the base for the RACI to fast track its development;
- Explain the 'why' behind the need of a RACI model in addition to the role clarity matrix and the benefits it will provide to the bid or project team and the delivery of outcomes;
- Identify all the key individuals and their roles and list them horizontally up the top of the RACI ensuring you get thorough coverage across your bid or team;
- When working through the four elements of the RACI, you need to ensure only one person is accountable and only one person is responsible. This will ensure greater ownership and delivery of the outcome;
- Ensure you then send out the document to all people nominated in the RACI for feedback and consultation. This includes those broader than the responsible and accountable people as the person that need to be informed and consulted should have a large say in ensuring that you are consulting the right people for the right activities to be delivered.
Role clarity is an underrated area to focus on with your team upfront. Get this right, break it down through a RACI and watch your team achieve every manager's goal; being empowered and self-managed rather than deferring to every piece of direction and guidance they receive from management.
To get started, simply visit our website to find examples of the Role Clarity Matrix and RACI Model and start planning with your team.


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What is a SOUNDwalk? In a SOUNDwalk, the listening "audience" moves through a place and the environment "performs." The walking listener and the environment create a unique piece together that can only occur during the time of the walk. In a SOUNDwalk we take the time to hear the environment: we are its true ear witnesses. And like any musician, the environment offers us its sounds for our consideration.
NAISA commemorates World Listening Day and the birthday of R. Murray Schafer each year with SOUNDwalks.
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|Spend the time||outdoors|
|Location||California United States|
An ant collecting kit provided by the Naturalist Center at the California Academy of Sciences.
Bay Area Ant Survey
The Bay Area Ant Survey is a citizen science program that gives the public a chance to participate in research by obtaining baseline data for ants living in local counties. The major goals of this scientific survey are to identify local species, chart native ant distributions, and provide baseline data to monitor the distribution of the invasive Argentine ant.
Participants collect ants and send their ant-filled vial and corresponding data sheet back to the Naturalist Center at the California Academy of Sciences. All specimens will be identified and entered in a database by an Academy entomologist. All results are then uploaded to AntWeb where the location and identification of the ants are made public. Your contribution becomes part of the scientific record!


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May 11, 2011 A new study by researchers at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center sheds light on what causes certain kidneys to do better than others after being transplanted, providing doctors with an easy way to screen for donor kidneys that have the best chance of survival.
"It's been long observed that kidneys taken from some black donors just don't last as long as those taken from non-black donors, and the reason for that has not been known," said Barry I. Freedman, M.D., John H. Felts III Professor and senior investigator. "This study reveals that the genetic profile of the donor has a marked affect on graft survival after transplantation. We now know that these organs aren't failing because they came from black donors, but rather because they came from individuals with two copies of a specific recessive gene."
The study appears in the May issue of the American Journal of Transplantation.
Freedman and co-researchers at Wake Forest Baptist examined 12 years' worth of medical records dating back to 1998, looking for all patients who received a kidney transplant from a black deceased donor whose genetic information had been recorded. The search yielded 106 black donors -- from whom one or both kidneys were transplanted -- for a total of 136 donated kidneys.
The researchers identified that kidneys from donors who had specific coding changes in a gene called apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) did not last as long after transplant as those from donors without these changes. These coding changes in the APOL1 gene that affect kidney transplant function are found in about 10 to 12 percent of black individuals. Recent studies, led by Freedman and his colleagues, have shown that these genetic changes are associated with an increased risk of kidney disease, which prompted researchers to investigate the role of these changes in transplant success.
"In looking at the records and follow-up of the recipients of these organs, we accounted for all the usual factors that are known to contribute to more rapid loss of kidney function after transplant," said Freedman, chief of the section on nephrology. "What we found was that the kidney disease-causing risk variants in APOL1 were the strongest predictor of graft loss after transplant. The effect of having two copies of this gene was stronger than the impact of genetic matching between donor and recipient, the amount of time the organ was out of the body, and the antibody levels. APOL1 dwarfed all these other factors known to affect survival."
If the finding is confirmed by other researchers, it has the potential to dramatically improve outcomes for both the individuals undergoing kidney transplantation and those considering kidney donation, Freedman said. It could revolutionize donor selection criteria, allowing transplant physicians the ability to identify kidneys that are likely to function for shorter periods of time. In addition, this screening tool has the potential to help doctors protect potential donors who may be at risk of developing kidney disease down the road.
"It is exciting to see that research done at Wake Forest Baptist could impact kidney transplantation throughout the world," Freedman said. "We have shown for the first time that genetic risk variants in kidney donors are associated with markedly different outcomes after kidney transplantation. This finding could dramatically change the way we practice."
Co-authors on the study, funded by the National Institutes of Health, were: lead author Amber M. Reeves-Daniel, D.O., John A. DePalma, D.O., Anthony J. Bleyer, M.D., Michael V. Rocco, M.D., MSCE, Mariana Murea, M.D., Patricia L. Adams, M.D., Carl D. Langefeld, Ph.D., Donald W. Bowden, Ph.D., Pamela J. Hicks, B.S., Robert J. Stratta, M.D., Jen-Jar Lin, M.D., David F. Kiger, B.S., Michael D. Gautreaux, Ph.D., and Jasmin Divers, Ph.D., all of Wake Forest Baptist.
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- A. M. Reeves-Daniel, J. A. DePalma, A. J. Bleyer, M. V. Rocco, M. Murea, P. L. Adams, C. D. Langefeld, D. W. Bowden, P. J. Hicks, R. J. Stratta, J.-J. Lin, D. F. Kiger, M. D. Gautreaux, J. Divers, B. I. Freedman. The APOL1 Gene and Allograft Survival after Kidney Transplantation. American Journal of Transplantation, 2011; 11 (5): 1025 DOI: 10.1111/j._PHONE_.2011.03513.x
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.


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Archive for Ken Bailey
On November 13, 2012, Dr. Kenneth R. Bailey presented '"Scratch 'em and Sue 'em': Post Civil War Legal Issues" at the Tuesday evening lecture in the Archives and History Library in the Culture Center in Charleston.
Civil War legal issues consumed much of West Virginia's court system for several years following the war. Using a PowerPoint program, Bailey discussed legal cases at the Supreme Court dealing with Reconstruction Era issues of voting, false arrest, belligerent rights, acts of Confederate county officers, the value of Confederate money, etc., from the end of the war until rights were restored to former rebels. Former Confederates were "scratched" from the voting rolls and sued for alleged wrongs on civilians during the war. Pictures of individuals and documents were used to illustrate topics covered.
Dr. Bailey is a graduate of West Virginia Institute of Technology (now WVU Tech), Marshall University, and The Ohio State University, from which he received a Ph.D. in 1976. He is retired Dean of the College of Business, Humanities and Sciences and Emeritus Professor of History and Geography at WVU Tech. Bailey is the author of Kanawha County Public Library: A History (2004), Alleged Evil Genius: The Life and Times of Judge James H. Ferguson (2006), Raising the Bar: A History of the West Virginia Bar Association (2007), and Mountaineers are Free: A History of the West Virginia National Guard (1979, revised and expanded 2008).


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Organize a Hearing Screening for Children
Hearing loss can affect children's educational development, interfering with their ability to communicate and develop valuable skills. Even minimal hearing loss can put children at risk for academic difficulties, so it's best to identify signs early on. Your Lions club can help by organizing a hearing screening at a local elementary school.
Here are tips for organizing a hearing screening for children:
- Work with local schools and day care centers to determine if your club's service is needed. You can also contact children's clinics, special education programs, family service agencies and foster care agencies.
- Arrange for hearing professionals and use of testing equipment.
- Possible locations for your screening include a school, library, community center or house of worship.
- Encourage your local Leo club to become involved and volunteer the day of the screening.
- Promote your event by placing flyers in highly visible areas, posting information and updates on Facebook and sending out emails.
- After the screening, follow up with families whose children had difficulty hearing, and provide information for further evaluation by a medical provider.
How does your Lions club help children with hearing impairments in your community?


From Hindupedia, the Hindu Encyclopedia
By Swami Harshananda
Sometimes transliterated as: Jatamukuta, JaTAmukuTa, Jataamukuta
Jaṭāmukuṭa literally means 'hair dressed up as a crown'.
Jatā means matted hair and mukuṭa means crown. If the matted hair on the head of a deity is dressed up as a crownit is called 'jaṭāmukuṭa'. We find it on the head of the deity in some forms of Devi, Śiva, Kārttikeya and Śāstā (Ayyappan).


text: This study investigates the relationship between gender and participation in mathematics and engineering undergraduate degree programmes in Iran. The number of female students enrolling in Iranian Higher Education (HE) is relatively high and this remains the case in mathematics and most engineering programmes. However, the number of female graduates gaining employment in engineering and STEM-[science, technology, engineering and mathematics] related jobs in Iran remains relatively low, with gender discrimination in recruitment practices identified as a key barrier. This presents a contradiction which makes Iran a particularly interesting context to study gender in mathematics and engineering in HE. This study adopts a narrative inquiry approach to investigate how Iranian female students studying mathematics and engineering describe their choice of subject, experience of studying at university, and their future aspirations. It seeks to investigate how the social, cultural and historical structures of Iranian society shape the way these students narrate their identity as a mathematics or engineering student. In-depth analysis highlights how they position their degree as offering more or less âcapitalâ (Bourdieu) which resources their future identities of becoming successful career women in STEM-related professions. In doing so, these women feel able to navigate barriers to success by using their capital to improvise and exert agency over their future trajectories. In sum, I suggest the predominance of âmoving abroadâ as a theme across the interviews is a consequence of the aforementioned contradiction between their desire to become successful career women whilst facing gendered discrimination in the labour market.


Minimum unit pricing: what can we learn from the 1700s?
Lauren Booker | February 2020 | 7 minutes
With MUP due to be introduced in Wales on 2 March 2020, alcohol consultant Lauren Booker considers how we can look to the 1700s to ensure that MUP makes a change that lasts.
Minimum unit pricing (MUP) sets a baseline price for a unit of alcohol, below which it can't be sold. That means that it increases the price of very cheap, strong alcohol, and this reduces the harm alcohol causes. A minimum unit price of 50p is already in place in Scotland, and on 2 March will be introduced in Wales.
While we may think of MUP as a new and perhaps radical idea, the use of pricing measures to influence alcohol consumption has a long history, from the Gin Acts of the 1700s onwards. So, what's changed?
Well, quite a lot and not so much. Back in the 1750s taxation was a blunt instrument, which was mostly used to raise the government extra revenue – but with the additional consequence of reducing consumption, particularly among the lowest income households. Today, research and the recent example of MUP in Scotland suggest that MUP is an effective measure to reduce consumption. Pricing measures are still criticised as being a 'poor tax' – but early findings from MUP in Scotland show that while alcohol consumption has decreased most in lower income households, as this is the population that is most affected by alcohol-related harm the measure appears to be targeted effectively.1 New research published today [18 February 2020] has shown that another pricing measure, increasing alcohol duty, does not disproportionately affect lower income households.2
But there's more to learn from looking to the past. If we look back at the gin epidemics of the 1700s, we see that following new pricing measures consumption soon returned to pre-taxation levels. Research suggests3 that interventions to reduce consumption are likely to be short-lived unless the adverse consequences of excessive drinking are acknowledged and broadly accepted by the population. In 2017/18 there were almost 55,000 alcohol attributable hospital admissions in Wales.4 MUP alone will not solve the problem.
In particular, there is still much to be done to reduce the stigma associated with alcohol dependence and to ensure high-quality alcohol treatment is available and accessible to everyone who needs it. Support for the family and loved ones of alcohol dependent people is just as important.
Changing drinking cultures is important too. As Wales discusses MUP over the coming weeks and months, I hope that the conversation will broaden to consider the role that alcohol plays in our society, and to explore how we can ensure that drinking is an option, rather than the default.
Alcohol harm is a complex issue, so the solutions are complex too. MUP is one of a jigsaw of measures which, together, would reduce the avoidable pain, hospital admissions and deaths caused by alcohol. I look forward to its implementation in Wales, and hope that the UK government will follow suit – and that governments across the UK will treat alcohol as the major, cross-cutting issue it is to ensure that we can make a change that lasts.
 1. O'Donnell et al, 2019, Immediate impact of minimum unit pricing on alcohol purchases in Scotland: controlled interrupted time series analysis for 2015-18, BMJ 2019; 366.
 2. Bhattacharya, A., 2019, Who pays the tab? The distributional effects of UK alcohol taxes.
 3. Warner et al, 2001, Can legislation prevent debauchery? Mother gin and public health in 18th-century England. American Journal of Public Health 2001, Vol 91 Issue 3.
 4. Public Health Wales, 2019, Data mining Wales: The annual profile for substance misuse, 2017-18


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Disruptive Behavior in the Classroom
(UNC-GA Policies for Students-Adopted by BOG October 26, 1970)
The instructor may withdraw a student from a course for behavior he deems to be disruptive to the class. The grade assigned will be "W" if the behavior occurs before the deadline for dropping a course without academic penalty, and the instructor has the option of giving a "W" or a "F" if the behavior occurs after the deadline.
I. Binding Procedures for Instructors
The instructor must provide an opportunity for the student to be heard. In providing this opportunity, the instructor must follow the procedure described below:
- The student should be notified in writing at the next class attended that the instructor proposes to drop the student from the course for disruption of the class, and the instructor should provide the student with written instructions regarding the time and place for a meeting with the instructor. A copy of this written notification must be sent to the instructor's department head at the same time.
- A time limit of five working days (M-F) from the time written notification is given for the student's opportunity to be heard by the instructor.
- The date of notification establishes whether the withdrawn student will be given a "W"or "F." "W" is appropriate before the published withdrawal deadline and either "W" or "F" is appropriate after that date, at the instructor's discretion.
- The instructor may suspend the student from class until the instructor takes final action to withdraw the student from class or to allow the student to continue in the class. The final decision to withdraw or continue the student is the instructor's.
- Either party in the resolution of this dispute may invite one other person of the university community to be present as an observer.
II. Students' Right to Appeal
If the student wishes to appeal the instructor's decision to withdraw the student from class, he/she should follow the academic appeal procedures outlined in the section on grading in the Undergraduate Bulletin.


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- 10,000 people in Ireland are admitted to hospital with stroke each year.
- Stroke kills more than 2,000 people a year in Ireland – a higher death toll than from breast cancer, lung cancer and bowel cancer combined.
- Stroke is the third most common cause of death and the most common cause of acquired physical disability in Ireland.
- 350-500 lives per year could be saved if stroke unit care was introduced into Ireland.
- There are 30,000 survivors of stroke in Ireland, many of whom have significant disabilities.
- Approximately 80 per cent of strokes are caused by a blockage of an artery supplying blood to the brain. 20 per cent of strokes are caused by a bleed into the brain from a burst blood vessel.
- Under-65s account for about one third of strokes.
- Nearly one in three people will die within the first year after a stroke. Of those surviving, around 65 per cent will make a reasonable recovery.
- In 2006, only 5% of stroke patients are admitted to hospital within 2 hours of the onset of stroke. After two hours a patient's chance of recovering with little or no disability is greatly reduced.
- Ireland has no specialist community stroke team for the long-term management of stroke patients after discharge from hospital.
- In 2006 only 1% of patients spent more than 50% of their time in hospital in a stroke unit.
- In 2006, only one acute hospital (3% of acute hospitals) in Ireland operated a stroke unit.
- Currently, less than one in three hospitals admitting stroke patients have a stroke unit.
- For eligible patients, the provision of thrombolysis within 3 hours of the onset of stroke symptoms significantly improves patient outcomes.
- Currently, just over half of our acute hospitals provide thrombolysis.
- In the twelve months to April 2009 less than 3% of stroke patients received thrombolysis.
CT and MRI scanning
- In 2008, CT scanning was available in 32 of 36 surveyed hospitals (27 with 24-hour 7-day services, 4 a day-time and one a half-time service).
- MRI was available on a 24-hour 7-day basis on 19 of 36 hospitals with 2 having MRI on 2 days weekly.
Women and stroke
- Stroke and heart attacks kill twice as many women as all cancers combined.
TIAs or Mini-Stroke
- Approximately 2,500 patients are assessed in Irish hospitals annually with suspected TIA, as estimated from HIPE and the North Dublin Population Stroke Study data.
- Risk of stroke is much higher for people who have had a stroke or TIA before. About 10% of people who have a stroke will have another in the first 12 months.
- 11 Irish hospitals have TIA services to reduce risk of full stroke to patients who had suffered a mini stroke.
- In 2006, less than half of stroke patients were seen by a physiotherapist within 72 hours of admission and only one in four had been assessed by an occupational therapist within seven days of admission.
- A number of rehabilitation and support services are restricted to patients by age cut-off points.
Consultant manpower and staffing levels
- In mid-2006, one third of hospitals had a consultant physician with specialist knowledge of stroke who was recognised as having principal responsibility for stroke services at the hospital. However, only 5 had a recognised formal sessional commitment in their contract.
- In April 2009, there were lead physicians for stroke care in 26 hospitals (it is unclear to what extent their leadership role with regard to stroke care has been formally agreed); 9 hospitals had not identified a lead physician.
- In 2006, there were only five clinical nurse specialists in stroke across all (37) relevant hospitals.


Abang Island near Batam
viewer: 46583 | love: 0
Beautiful underwater gardens featuring fascinating coral reefs decorated with various shapes, sizes, and colors of many sea creatures, that is the view that awaits snorkelers and divers under the crystal clear waters of Abang Island, south of Batam in the province of the Riau Archipelago.
Abang Island is surrounded by many other small islands, most of which are conservation areas for coral reefs, while the main island of Abang only measures around 10 square kilometers. With relatively shallow waters –around 15 to 18 meters deepthis fascinating underwater wonder is a perfect spot for both diving and snorkeling. Its beauty is often compared to that of the waters around Komodo Island National Park, Bunaken, and Raja Ampat, since COREMAP (Coral Reef Rehabilitation and Management Programs) itself has also designated the area as site for a special underwater coral reef observation center
Above the surface, the landscape of Abang Island is still pristine with hills dominated by granite rocks. Most of the shores are still decorated with beautiful mangrove forests.
The most fascinating feature of the waters of Abang Island is the existence of a rare species of coral known as Blue Coral which only lives in clear waters with excellent water quality. Among some of the fish species that find shelter under its calm waves are Selar, Lencing, Red Snapper, Red Sand Fish, Blow Fish, Pinang, and many others.
Abang Island is inhabited by approximately 400 people in 100 families. Combined with its neighbouring islands, the total number of inhabitants can reach 1.200 persons in 300 households. The settlements at the western part of the island are denser compared to the north. Most of their houses are located around the beach and constructed following the coastline. Over the years, the people of Abang Island have constantly been taught awareness of the importance to preserve the coral reefs both as tourism assets as well as their significance for the global environment. In turn, they can also benefit from tourism activities next to their daily activity as fishermen or traders. This has ultimately led to the well maintained beauty of Abang Island.
To Eat, To Stay, To Do
Some of the houses in the fishing villages on Abang Island are available as your accommodation options. Prices vary, mostly depending on your bargaining skills. Staying on the island will surely make a complete experience, but if convenience and modern facilities are features you seek, then it is better to find hotels or inns on Batam. For a list of hotels in Batam you can refer to our find a hotel in Batam.
Photo Gallery
For the perfect diving experience, the best time to come to Abang Island is from March to August, and from September to November. In these months, the currents are known to be the calmest.
Getting There and Around
Get There
Abang Island is located south from Batam or about 50 Km from Muka-Kuning, Batam Island. To reach the island, it takes approximately 1.5 hours drive from Batam to the Barelang Bridge. From there, the journey continues by boat along the River Burdus until you reach Abang Island which is about 12 Km away using motorized boats, which the locals call Bot Pompong.


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(a) The commission shall maintain a system by which accurate statistics regarding the disposition of all manufactured homes by licensees may be obtained.
(b) The commission shall require that each licensee in this state maintain adequate records so as to ascertain all of the following information:
(1) The total number of manufactured homes manufactured.
(2) The total number of manufactured homes delivered to dealers within and without the state.
(3) The total number of manufactured homes sold to individuals within and without the state, including name, address, and county.
(4) Specific information about each manufactured home, including serial number, manufacturer's name, model name or number, or both, and size unit.


Abaqus Tokens & CPU's
Abaqus is licensed through tokens. Tokens can be used to access both the Standard and the Explicit solver. These solvers have no element or node limits other than the bounds of your computer hardware. For large and time consuming FEA models, the computational throughput generally improves with multiple CPU's or multiple CPU-core's. A minimum of 5 analysis tokens is required to run a model on a single CPU-core. Increasing the CPU-cores can reduce the computational time but the job will need more tokens. The Abaqus Token Calculator (also known as the Abaqus license calculator) on the right will determine how many tokens are required.
Abaqus Tokens & GPU's
GPU (also referred to as a GPGPU in order to distinguish it from a graphic-purpose GPU) behaves as a co-processor to a CPU. Therefore, the GPU requires the use of at least one core per CPU socket. To determine the tokens required for Abaqus utilizing a GPU, count the number of desired CPU cores and then include the GPU as a single core.
As an illustration, to run Abaqus Standard on a single-GPU, the total number of tokens is 6 which is equivalent to running on 2 CPU-cores. See below for an example:
Minimum GPU requirement is CUDA Compute Version 3.0 or higher.
Abaqus Token Calculator
Enter the number of desired cores in the form below and the number of tokens will be returned:
Benefits of Abaqus with GPU Computing
GPU's have revolutionized high-performance computing (HPC) for Abaqus simulations. A significant economic advantage of GPU computing for Abaqus is that a single GPU, which contains hundreds or thousands of CUDA cores, will consume one token while a CPU with only a few cores will each consume a token. With fewer tokens required to achieve similar simulation throughput, the overall cost is reduced. For more information including the benefits of GPU computing, visit Abaqus performance on Nvidia GPU's.
Need Abaqus Tokens?
To request a quote to purchase new or additional Abaqus tokens, email us at _EMAIL_, or call us at _PHONE_.
Copyright © Device Analytics LLC 2020


I'm a renter or have a shaded roof. Can I still use solar power?
If you have a shaded roof, the short answer is "no, " and if you are a renter the answer is "maybe." Renters can benefit from a rule known as virtual net metering that allows them to share the output of a solar system at multi-tenant buildings. Additionally, the concept of community solar could open up solar to renters, those with shaded roofs, and many others. However, it is currently not available to PG&E customers.
Virtual Net Metering
Virtual Net Metering
Virtual net metering allows solar energy to be credited to the electricity bills of multiple tenants in a building.
If you are a renter in a multi-tenant building, you and your neighbors can share the benefits of solar energy through an arrangement called virtual net metering (VNM). VNM is the concept of allocating an on-site energy source to tenants across multiple units through the utility billing system, rather than by hard-wiring separate energy systems to each unit's electricity meter. In addition to simplifying the installation process and saving money, VNM has greater flexibility because the landlord or HOA can administratively reassign shares of energy from one unit to another. Tenants that participate in VNM receive credit on their utility bill just like customers who have a solar energy system hard-wired to their electricity meter.
Under VNM, the solar system owner (likely the landlord) provides PG&E with a list of tenants, including PG&E account numbers, that want to participate, and indicates the percentage of the solar system's total output that each tenant should be credited for on their bill. The Robinson family in apartment 2 might sign up for 15%, the Garcias in apartment 5 for 10%, and so on. Then, at the end of the month, each family's electricity usage (kWh) is offset by its share of solar energy, reducing the family's electricity bill. If a family receives more solar energy than is used in a given month, it receives a credit for the value of the difference. That credit is applied to another month's bill.
You can learn more about VNM by reading PG&E's VNM Application and Interconnection Agreement. Building owners or HOAs interested in using VNM to supply solar energy to multiple tenants should also read about options for financing solar systems. Interested renters should speak to their landlords to encourage them to consider installing solar and using VNM.
Community Shared Solar
Community shared solar is the term most often used to describe solar systems that supply electricity to multiple customers within a geographic region (e.g., neighborhood, city, utility service area). In many ways, community shared solar is similar to onsite solar. For instance, the electricity produced by the solar system offsets charges for the participant's monthly electricity use. However, community shared solar does not require the solar system to be located on a participant's property, allowing multiple participants to invest in and benefit from a single, centralized solar system.
Community shared solar is currently not available to customers in PG&E's service territory. However, it would be an useful tool to expand access to solar energy for customers who otherwise are unable to benefit from solar. This includes those who rent, have a shaded roof, do not have the financial resources needed to meet the up-front costs of investing in solar energy on their property, or simply are not interested in hosting onsite solar.
Community shared solar has been successfully implemented by numerous utilities and states, and the California Legislature has considered legislation to create a statewide community solar program. To learn more, download our short paper on Community Shared Solar with the basics of community shared solar, examples of existing programs, and community shared solar's potential to expand San Francisco's solar market.


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Hydrogels comprised of alginate and gelatin have demonstrated potential as biomaterials in three dimensional (3D) bioprinting applications. However, as with all hydrogel-based biomaterials used in extrusion-based bioprinting, many parameters influence their performance and there is limited data characterising the behaviour of alginate-gelatin (Alg-Gel) hydrogels.
Here we investigated nine Alg-Gel blends by varying the individual constituent concentrations. We tested samples for printability and print accuracy, compressive behaviour and change over time, and viability of encapsulated mesenchymal stem cells in bioprinted constructs. Printability tests showed a decrease in strand width with increasing concentrations of Alg-Gel. However due to the increased viscosity associated with the higher Alg-Gel concentrations, the minimum width was found to be 0.32mm before blends became too viscous to print. Similarly, printing accuracy was increased in higher concentrations, exceeding 90% in some blends. Mechanical properties were assessed through uniaxial compression testing and it was found that increasing concentrations of both Alg and Gel resulted in higher compressive modulus.


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The Seleucid was a Greek gladiator who fought in the Arena in Cyrene. He typically fought armed with a glaive.
In 47 BCE, he was challenged by the Medjay Bayek of Siwa, who witnessed him throwing a sword at one of the spectators in the arena. Bayek later defeated the gladiator with a spear and shield.
- The name Seleucid is a reference to the Seleucid Empire, possibly hinting that the gladiator originated from the state.
- It can be assumed the Seleucid's real name is "Antiogos" because of one of the commentator's lines before the fight: "Time has come for Antiogos, dragon of the Seleucid Empire!"


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A strong electron-hole exchange interaction (EI) in semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) gives rise to a large (up to tens of meV) splitting between optically active ('bright') and optically passive ('dark') excitons. This dark-bright splitting has a significant effect on the optical properties of band-edge excitons and leads to a pronounced temperature and magnetic field dependence of radiative decay. Here we demonstrate a nanoengineering-based approach that provides control over EI while maintaining nearly constant emission energy. We show that the dark-bright splitting can be widely tuned by controlling the electron-hole spatial overlap in core-shell CdSe/CdS NCs with a variable shell width. In thick-shell samples, the EI energy reduces to <250 μeV, which yields a material that emits with a nearly constant rate over temperatures from 1.5 to 300 K and magnetic fields up to 7 T. The EI-manipulation strategies demonstrated here are general and can be applied to other nanostructures with variable electron-hole overlap.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
- Physics and Astronomy(all)


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There is a "quick" method of estimating time to harvest a drought damaged corn field: the "squeeze test".
- Select a few stalks (like described in the previous paragraph) and chop them into pieces about the same size that the silage chopper would using a heavy knife or cleaver. Also, you could chop a round of the field with a silage chopper and sample the chopped material. Grab a hand full of the chopped material and squeeze it for 30 seconds.
- If the juices drip easily from the material, then it is too wet. In this situation, wait to chop in a couple of days or test again in a couple of days.
- If the sample doesn't drip any juices from the squeezed material, then slowly open your hand.
- If the stalk material remains compacted and doesn't fall apart or quickly expand back, the moisture level is acceptable for ensiling.
- If your hand is not wet and the stalk material falls apart when you open your hand, the material is too dry to ensile.
If the chopped silage is too wet:
- Stop chopping and allow the field to dry.
- OR -
- Add whole corn, dried distillers grains, or ground dry forage.
To avoid the nitrates, the chopper head could be set to leave an 8 inch stubble. This will result in a reduction in yield. The ensiling process will reduce nitrate 30 to 60 percent, so a compromise is leaving a 6 inch stubble.
Droughted corn silage will be 85% to 95% the energy value of regular corn silage depending on the number of ears on the stalk. The protein content can be slightly greater than regular corn silage.
Before feeding, sample and test for moisture, energy (TDN), crude protein, and nitrates.
Pricing drought corn silage is a bit of a challenge. Rule of thumb has been that each ton of 65% moisture corn silage in the bunker is priced at 9 to 10 times price of a bushel of corn (normal, well-eared corn). Pricing the standing crop is a little more difficult to determine. Below are two ways some have priced it in the field.
- Ton price is 5 times price of a bushel of corn (earless corn)
- Ton price is 6 to 7 times price of a bushel of corn (low grain corn - less than 100 bu/A).
It is hard to estimate the amount of silage that will be produced in a corn field that has been droughted out. The National Corn Handbook estimates the tonnage of a drought damaged corn field is related to the corn yield if the field were allowed to be harvested. For each 5 bu/acre corn yield results in a ton of corn silage per acre. If the droughted corn field were going to yield 15 bu/acre it would produce 3 tons of corn silage per acre.


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I'm fairly new to programming in a 3d world.
I'm trying to create a canvas where all the objects are drawn in order of furthest-to-closest and from bottom to top - so they don't overlap each other, but there are problems.
enter image description here
As you can see, some of the objects are overlapping each other. None of the objects in the screen will be moving so I was wondering: is there an algorithm available to sort the objects in the correct order? At the moment I have them sorting in the Z axis ascending, then X descending and Y descending.
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i'm just going to arbitrarily ask, since you said you're new to 3d programming, doesn't the engine you're using support depth testing? depth sorting is only going to get you so far. even if you solve this one issue you're having, L or T shaped blocks, for example, will cause artifacting – dreta May 10 '12 at 16:50
+1 because this is a topic of broad interest to 3d in general and your illustration is great. – Patrick Hughes May 10 '12 at 17:28
3 Answers 3
In general, the answer to your question ('is there an algorithm available to sort the objects in the correct order?') in arbitrary 3d settings is no - no such algorithm can exist, even when the objects are as simple as triangles. It's easy to construct three triangles with a cyclic overlap; for instance, imagine looking down the Z axis at three long, thin triangles:
 - A: (2.1, 1.9, 1), (1.9, 2.1, 1), (-1, -1, 0)
 - B: (-2.1, 1.9, 0), (-1.9, 2.1, 0), (1, -1, 1)
 - C: (2.1, 1, 0), (1.9, 1, 0), (-2, 1, 1)
Then where A and B overlap on-screen (near the XY point (0,0)), B will be on top (have the higher Z value): its Z value will be approximately 0.66 whereas A's will be approximately 0.33. Similarly, where A and C overlap (near the XY point (1, 1)), A will be on top; and where B and C overlap (near the XY point (1, -1)), C will be on top. There's no way of ordering these three triangles such that drawing them to screen in the specified order will give the correct result.
As Nathan Reed suggests, the fact that you're in an isometric view means that you would probably be able to avoid this particular issue; the question is whether it's worth avoiding or not, and that's more contingent on your environment and the particular functionality you have available. Most platforms you could be developing on have at least some form of 3d rendering readily available, though, and my first inclination would be to just piggyback on top of that for your purposes.
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As _USER_ mentioned in the comments, the typical way 3D engines solve this is with a depth buffer and using the hardware depth test, which allows you to draw arbitrarily-shaped objects in any order and will keep track of the closest surface at each pixel. Manually sorting objects is also possible, but will not necessarily handle nonconvex objects or overlapping objects correctly.
However, if you do want to sort objects, you'll need to calculate a depth value for each object, then sort by descending depth. To get the depth, if you're using a typical 3D engine setup, you'll need to transform each object's center point through your view matrix (which goes from world space to view space), then take the negative of the Z coordinate of the result. (Negative because in right-handed coordinates with X and Y aligned with the screen, Z will be pointing out of the screen.)
If it's always an isometric view like this, you can probably get away with calculating depth = ±X ± Y - Z, where the ± means: pick the sign that makes depth increase as you get further away from the camera. That will depend on the orientation of your X and Y axes.
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Even with an isometric view it's not possible to sort shapes using a depth value. The only thing you can do, provided the shapes and scene organisation aren't too convoluted (and they usually are), is build a partial order (ie. given two shapes, tell which one should be drawn first). From that, you would need to sort the shapes (using for instance topological sort) and that alone is usually a O(n²) operation when you are lucky but I'm betting on O(n²logn) instead. – sam hocevar May 10 '12 at 22:42
_USER_ Yes, as I noted in my answer, object sorting by depth will not handle all cases correctly, especially (but not limited to) nonconvex or overlapping objects. It's an approximation at best. BTW, I believe topologically sorting a graph can always be done in O(V+E) (it's pretty much just DFS). The edge count can be O(V^2) but I suspect it's usually not that bad. – Nathan Reed May 10 '12 at 23:15
_USER_ In an isometric view with all objects non-intersecting axis-aligned rectangles, though - which is what the example shows - it seems likely that you probably can sort shapes? Do you know of any construction of a figure that can't be sorted (e.g., something that has a cyclic overlap) under those constraints? – Steven Stadnicki May 10 '12 at 23:45
_USER_ Here's a case where naive sorting by depth wouldn't work. The correct draw order in that diagram would be red, green, blue, but depth sorting based on the center of each rectangle (black dots) would give you blue, green, red. (The dotted line runs perpendicular to the view, so you can clearly see the relationship between the depths of the centers.) Sam's topological sort would work here, given a way to determine the "is-behind" relations amongst the rectangles. – Nathan Reed May 11 '12 at 1:45
Here is an example of axis-aligned objects that you cannot sort: – sam hocevar May 11 '12 at 5:32
Check out the Painters Algorithm and its disadvantages.
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Testing Medicinal Plants at Dilston Physic Garden
Would you like to volunteer for Medicinal Plant Trials?
We are investigating if plants have the effects indicated by traditional use and focus on plants for the mind, since so much of well-being depends an optimal state of mind. Rather than major multicentre trials involving objective measures, we plan to conduct small (but statistically valid) trials involving self-assessment i.e. using, as an outcome, individual subjective experience.
Such studies would involve volunteers of all ages (over 18) with normal mental health, taking a safe herbal preparation, once or twice a day for a week or two, and completing a self assessment form before and at the end of the trial period. According to best clinical practice, volunteers would be randomly divided into 2 groups, one taking the active agent and the other an inactive (placebo-like) with no one knowing which they are on ('blind'). The results would be published in a peer reviewed scientific journal.
We would be most grateful if you would kindly complete this online questionnaire to help us design a useful and meaningful study:


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Aeonium arboreum or Irish rose is a succulent plant native to the Canary Islands. Aeonium are great as ornamental plants and they can improve the appearance of the garden or patio. This succulent has long and arching stems with fleshy rosettes of leaves. The colour of the leaves varies from green to dark maroon. There are more than 35 species of this plant. Some of the species are low growing and some forms branches and grows 3-4 feet tall. Most of the varieties bloom during spring or late winter. The plant produces bright yellow conical shaped flowers that are star shaped and has many narrow petals. They are best suited for planting in containers and they need very little soil. Plants store water in their leaves and stem and the roots of this plant are thin and hair like.
The plant prefers a Mediterranean climate with moderate heat or cold. They are moderately tolerant to drought and tolerant to mild frost. Generally, bright light is needed but not complete full sun to grow. When grown in coastal areas with rain or humidity the plant doesn't need much water. They can be planted conveniently in pots and can be kept in patios. This plant cannot withstand heavy frost and they need to be shifted to indoors out of severe weather for protection. The plant grows well in standard potting mix or in sandy loam and doesn't need well drained soils. They cannot grow in excessive acidic or alkaline soil. In winter you must water the plant when the soil has dried out. These plants are easy to grow, but they cannot deal with extreme environment conditions. Pruning is not needed, but repotting the plant should be done in every two years to prevent the plant from becoming leggy. You can apply fertiliser to the plant during the growing season by using a balanced fertiliser which is half in strength. Avoid feeding the plant when the plant is in a dormant condition in summer.


Help us teach people
We are looking for mentors to lead the discussions in Deutsch Gym in the following languages: German, English.
What it will involve
 - 1-6 hours per week
 - Chatting with members in your mother tongue
 - Correcting mistakes, talking about the given topics
 - 100% remote
 - Be a registered freelancer or contractor
 - Have experience teaching your language
 - Be a native-speaker of that language
Email your CV and your preferred online presence to and explain why you would be a fit for Deutsch Gym.
Help people learn a language and integrate into their new homeland.
Do it from home, after work, whilst taking a break from study.
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text:
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology
1. 1. Seasonal differences in metabolic and water loss rates were examined in three related species of grasshoppers collected from shrub-steppe communities in Utah: Arphia conspersa, A. pseudonietana and
2. 2 cohorts of Trimerotropis pallidipennis. 2. No significant differences (P = 0.05) in metabolic rates were observed between seasons (early vs late), between genera (Arphia vs Trimerotropis) nor among species.
3. 3. Early season (spring) grasshoppers had a higher (but non-significant) mean water loss rate (±X ± SD in mg.g−1-hr−1) (4.81 ± 1.53) than late season (summer) grasshoppers (4.43 ± 1.43).
4. 4. Among species, early season A. conspersa had a significantly higher water loss rate (5.22 ± 1.76) under similar conditions than late season A. pseudonietana (3.67 ± 1.22), but early season T. pallidipennis had a significantly lower water loss rate (4.40 ± 1.17) than the late season generation (5.32 ± 1.12).
5. 5. Because of variables that were not or could not be controlled, the relationship between these physiological traits and season was difficult to address.
Forlow, L. and MacMahon, J. (1988). Seasonal comparison of metabolic and water loss rates of three species of grasshoppers. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 89(1): 51-60.


Tank Math: Full or Empty?
In the "Know-How" section of the March issue, Steven J. Henkind wrote about how fuel gauges operate and how you can prevent fuel-gauge errors. Here's the mathematical formula he discussed in the story.
You can also calculate the amount of fuel in a tank mathematically. For a rectangular tank, the calculation is easy: the overall volume of the tank = Length x Width x Height; if the measured height of the fuel is M% of the height of the tank, then the fuel contained = M% x Overall Volume.
The calculation is more complicated for more complex shapes. The tank shown here is an isosceles-triangular right prism, where L is the length, W is the width, H is the height, and the two (equal) sides are both S. If h is the height of the fuel, the ratio h/H is what a fuel gauge that measures height, not volume, will display. To determine the actual volume for this example, use the following formula:
Volume = (h/H)2 x ((L x W x H)/2).
For example, if L = 4 feet, W = 3 feet, and H = 3 feet, the formula holds that when the tank is full (h=H), Volume = (1)2 x (4x3x3)/2 = 18 cubic feet. But, when the fuel gauge reads 1/2, the actual volume in the tank is (1/2)2 x (4x3x3)/2 = (1/4) x 18 = 4.5 cubic feet. In other words, although the fuel gauge reads 1/2 full (because of the (h/H) ratio), the tank in the illustration is actually only full. To convert from cubic feet to gallons, use the conversion factor 1 cubic foot = 7.48 U.S. gallons. Note also that this formula applies only to this particular shape, and different formulas are required for other shapes.
Posted: February 21, 2008
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text:
The Cone of Montmorency, as It Appeared in 1829, 1833 Cockburn, James Pattison etching and aquatint hand-coloured with watercolour and gum arabic on ivory wove paper 55.4 x 73.4 cm; plate: 51.8 x 70.7 cm
This picturesque winter view of the Montmorency Falls depicts a gathering of early Quebecers at the base of the sugar mountain. The snow-draped cone, which was formed by the Falls, attracted many visitors from Quebec and neighbouring areas. Both military personnel and the civilian population made it their goal to visit the site during their winter outings. Many used the occasion to slide down the slopes. Peter Patterson owned the buildings at the top of the hill and the two sawmills to the left.


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Yes. The frightened condition and the damage caused by the spell are separate.
I read the (amended) spell description as follows:
You tap into the nightmares of a creature you can see within range and create an illusory manifestation of its deepest fears, visible only to that creature.
- The target must make a Wisdom saving throw. On a failed save, the target becomes frightened for the duration.
- At the end of each of the target's turns before the spell ends, the target must succeed on a Wisdom saving throw
or take 4d10 psychic damage. On a successful save, the spell ends.
Crucially, successful save in the last sentence refers only to the Wisdom saving throw mentioned in the previous sentence; it's describing the corresponding outcome for success to the clause describing failure in the preceding sentence.
Thus, nothing in the spell description makes the psychic damage or the spell duration conditional upon the target being susceptible to the frightened condition. Likewise, if the target was immune to psychic damage but not to the frightened condition, they would still be frightened for the spell's duration.
Since the ongoing psychic damage is independent of the frightened condition, that part of the spell continues to apply if the target is frightened and later becomes immune to being frightened, or has that condition removed.
Contrast this with the description of Fear: (PHB, p. 239)
Each creature in a 30-foot cone must succeed on a Wisdom saving throw or... become frightened for the duration.
While frightened by this spell, a creature must take the Dash action and move away from you by the safest available route on each of its turns, unless there is nowhere to move. If the creature ends its turn in a location where it doesn't have line of sight to you, the creature can make a Wisdom saving throw. On a successful save, the spell ends for that creature.
Fear is similar to Phantasmal Killer in that it initially imposes a condition on the target(s), and then has additional effects on each of the targets' turns. But, unlike Phantasmal Killer, Fear makes it clear that the ongoing effects are conditional on the initial condition by using the conditional phrase "While frightened by this spell... ". There is no such condition applied to the ongoing damage effect of Phantasmal Killer, so it doesn't seem reasonable to read the spell as having the first saving throw mitigate all of the further described effects.
Thus, the target of Phantasmal Killer makes a save when the spell is cast, and is frightened if it fails, and they make a save on each of their turns while the spell is in effect. As soon as they succeed on any of the second kind of saves, the spell ends (and it will also end if the caster loses concentration, or one minute passes).


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Author(s): Schulingkamp RJ, Pagano TC, Hung D, Raffa RB
Abstract Share this page
Abstract Insulin receptors are known to be located on nerve cells in mammalian brain. The binding of insulin to dimerized receptors stimulates specialized transporter proteins that mediate the facilitated influx of glucose. However, neurons possess other mechanisms by which they obtain glucose, including transporters that are not insulin-dependent. Further, insulin receptors are unevenly distributed throughout the brain (with particularly high density in choroid plexus, olfactory bulb and regions of the striatum and cerebral cortex). Such factors imply that insulin, and insulin receptors, might have functions within the central nervous system in addition to those related to the supply of glucose. Indeed, invertebrate insulin-related peptides are synthesized in brain and serve as neurotransmitters or neuromodulators. The present review summarizes the structure, distribution and function of mammalian brain insulin receptors and the possible implications for central nervous system disorders. It is proposed that this is an under-studied subject of investigation.
This article was published in Neurosci Biobehav Rev
and referenced in Journal of Alzheimers Disease & Parkinsonism


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The Education Library at Wayne State University has a long and storied history. From its beginning at the Detroit Normal School to its final merger with the general library, the Education Library has been at the heart of not only Wayne State University, but also in the development of the College of Education. This paper chronicles the history of the library, and the people who created it, from its very beginning to its final place among the volumes of the Purdy/Kresge Library.
Library and Information Science | Other Education | Other History
Alteri, Suzan A., "From Laboratory to Library: The History of Wayne State University's Education Library" (2009). Library Scholarly Publications. 5.


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American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
- n. A common European crow (Corvus corone) having glossy black plumage.
Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia
- n. The common crow of Europe, Corvus corone: so called because it often feeds on carrion. See cut under crow.
- n. The urubu or black vulture of America, Catharista atrata, a common bird of the southern United States, resembling the turkey-buzzard, and feeding entirely upon carrion.
- n. The common crow of America, Corvus americanus.
- n. A name of the European rook, Corvus frugilegus.
GNU Webster's 1913
- adj. the common European crow (Corvus corone) which feeds on carrion, insects, fruits, and seeds.
- n. See under Carrion.
- n. American vulture smaller than the turkey buzzard
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text:
Nilambur is renowned for the oldest teak plantation in the world, the Conolly's Plot, just 2 km from town. The place is also noted for its tribal settlements, the world's first Teak Museum, vast rain forests, waterfalls and ancient kovilakoms – residences of maharajas. The teak plantation is named after H.V. Conolly, the Malabar District Collector during the British rule, who was instrumental in planting teak in the entire Nilambur area.
The oldest teak tree, Kannimari, is a rare attraction at the Conolly Plot. The plot extends across 2.31 hectares beside the Chaliyar river at Aruvakode, where a country boat ferries visitors acrossFour kilometres away from the town, on the Nilambur – Gudallur road, stands the world's first Teak Museum. The museum is a sub-centre of the Kerala Forest Research Institute. Arranged in the two storeyed building are exhibits, articles and details of historic, aesthetic and scientific value, which give information on all aspects of the teak to visitors.
Nedumkayam, just 18 km from Nilambur town, is noted for its rich rain forests. From the wooden rest house.
built here by the British, elephants and deer can be seen. One has to get permission from the Forest Department to enter the forest zone. Heavy restrictions are imposed in a measure to save the existing forest land. A half hour journey from here, through the dense forests, by jeep takes one to Mancheri, the home of the Cholai Naikars, a primitive tribe.
Nilambur town is also famous for a cluster of kovilakoms the residences of the local rajas or rulers of earlier days. These structures, are famous for their beautiful frescoes and artworks in wood. The Nilambur Pattu an ancient festival which is noted for its Kalampattu or ritual powder drawing on floor falls in the month of February.
- Nearest railway station: Nilambur is the terminus of the Shornur – Nilambur railway line.
- Nearest airport: Kozhikode, about 26 km from Malappuram town


text:
Let us see an example of a using definition in the same script.
_TAG_ for connecting to a server
username = 'weblogic'
password = 'weblogic'
url = 't3://egAdm:7001'
connect(username, password, url)
_TAG_ to print a running servers heap details
hf = float(get('HeapFreeCurrent'))/1024
hs = float(get('HeapSizeCurrent'))/1024
hf = hf/1024
hs = hs/1024
print 'HeapFreeCurrent -'+ 'hf' + 'MB'
print 'HeapSizeCurrent -'+ 'hs' + 'MB'
_TAG_ to disconnect from a server
_TAG_ connectToServer definition with no arguments
_TAG_ printHeapDetails with arguments
_TAG_ disconnectFromServer definition with no arguments
In the above script we are connecting to the administration server of a domain and then printing the heap details for the admin server and 2 other managed servers. The logic to navigate to the respective runtime mbean and printing the heap related attributes is being defined as reusable definition and called multiple times.
WLST-BP-4 Use definitions for Reuse