Predicting Beer Color Based on Formulation
From pale yellow pilsners and amber ales to rich English browns and pitch-black stouts, our favorite beverage can certainly occupy a wide range of colors. But why don't we see blue or green beer (except on St. Patrick's Day)? It's because of the malt! In the process of kilning or roasting malt, reactions between carbohydrates or carbohydrates and amino compounds create substances capable of absorbing visible light.
These substances have a strong preference for absorbing shorter wavelengths of light perceived as blue/violet rather than longer red/orange/yellow wavelengths—and we perceive the light not absorbed by the beer. The following image shows an amber ale in front of various colors of light. Notice that the blue line appears almost black, while green is slightly gray. In comparison, the red, orange, and yellow lines remain almost unchanged.
Lighter beers are great at removing blue light but as more or darker malts are used, you notice that green…then yellow…then orange…and finally red light will no longer pass through the glass; eventually appearing as black (the absence of light). You may have observed that red beer is darker than yellow or orange beer, which is evidence that the last light type absorbed by beer as it gets darker is red.
This simplified way of looking at beer color gets more complicated when you also consider that darkly roasted malts have a different effect on visible light than kilned or caramel malts. These extremely dark malts have a more dramatic effect on the red-orange-yellow types of light and produce a color that is more brown than red.
The following graph illustrates how color type (hue) is impacted by using two different malt types. Find the SRM contribution on the horizontal axis from kilned or caramel malt, and the SRM contribution on the vertical axis from dark roasted malt; follow these lines down and across respectively to see an estimation of the beer color in a pint glass of a moderately-lighted room.
The two columns broken out on the right side of the chart show the side-by-side estimated colors in the red and black ranges. The black colors appear darker… because they are darker, even though they have the same SRM. This is due to the fact that SRM is measured in the blue region of the color spectrum, so two beer colors standardized to the same SRM made from different malts will have the same effect on blue light. But, beer made with dark roasted malts will have a greater effect on the red-orange-yellow types, which means less total light passes through the glass and it appears darker at the same SRM (same amount of blue light absorbed).
Just for fun here are some additional beer color simulations…
10-SRM, 100%-SRM from Kilned and Caramel Malts in a vase
10-SRM, 50%-SRM from Black Malt in a Vase
35-SRM, 75%-SRM from Black Malt in an Imperial Pint
For additional technical information on malt, please visit:
About Dan Bies
Dan BiesPrior to joining Briess, Dan gained experience as a chemist and lab leader in several industries. At Briess, Dan is responsible for performing malt analysis, microbiological testing, brewing and R&D projects, including new product development and process improvement. Dan manages the pilot brewing and pilot plant operations and commercialization of new products in the extract plant. Recent projects include gluten free beer, malta, fermented malt beverage base and downstream beer color and flavor adjustment products. He regularly helps formulate recipes for home and craft brewers and has published articles, posters and given presentations in support of the craft brewing industry. Prior to joining the technical service staff, Dan was an analyst in the malting lab.
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ON THE CALPACK OF THE MOUNTAINS - OR LEMKO IDENTITY
The paper refers to the bilingual, Polish-Lemko, collection of poems by Władysław Graban,
Na kołpaku gór (On the Calpack on the Mountains), published in 1991. The mountains, the Beskids, the Lemkos' homeland, are presented as the exotic calpack, a type of cap made of several pieces of fabric sewn together. The analysis is based on the assumption that the Lemkos' identity has been shaped like a calpack, sewn together from various cultural, religious and linguistic elements as a result of cultural transgressions — complex in their course and stretched over time. In the successive parts of the article the author discusses the various components of the ethnic identity of this minority, little known to the public at large.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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The Nevada Department of Education (NDE) fulfills three types of requests for information:
- Public records requests: documents that are prepared, used, or maintained by NDE in the course of governing or performing a governmental function.
- Education records requests: records directly related to a student and maintained by NDE (meaning the record contains personally identifiable information about a student)x
- Data Requests: collections of numeric or other information not otherwise contained in public or education record.
If you have a general inquiry that is not a request for information as defined above, please contact NDE receptionist at _PHONE_ for further assistance.
Before submitting a formal request for information, all requesters are expected to check the following public data sources to see if the data may already be available:
- Nevada Report Card: detailed information (including downloadable datasets) about each Nevada school and district, including assessment results, student demographics, teacher qualifications, student safety, parent involvement and much more.
- Nevada School Performance Framework (NSPF): information about the Nevada school ratings and classifies schools within a five-star performance rating system.


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Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring
"Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus,
MeSH (Medical Subject Headings). Descriptors are arranged in a hierarchical structure,
which enables searching at various levels of specificity.
Self evaluation of whole blood glucose levels outside the clinical laboratory. A digital or battery-operated reflectance meter may be used. It has wide application in controlling unstable insulin-dependent diabetes.
|Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring
- Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring
- Blood Glucose Self Monitoring
- Glucose, Blood, Self-Monitoring
- Monitoring, Home Blood Glucose
- Blood Sugar Self-Monitoring
- Blood Sugar Self Monitoring
- Blood Sugar Self-Monitorings
- Self-Monitoring, Blood Sugar
- Self-Monitorings, Blood Sugar
- Sugar Self-Monitoring, Blood
- Sugar Self-Monitorings, Blood
- Home Blood Glucose Monitoring
- Glucose, Blood, Self Monitoring
- Self-Monitoring, Blood Glucose
- Blood Glucose Self-Monitorings
- Glucose Self-Monitoring, Blood
- Glucose Self-Monitorings, Blood
- Self Monitoring, Blood Glucose
- Self-Monitorings, Blood Glucose
Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring".
Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more specific than "Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring".
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring" by people in the URMC Research Network by year, and whether "Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring" was a major or minor topic of these publication.


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> On Jan 26, 2015, at 12:18 AM, Manchala, Daniel wrote:
>> I am not an expert in 3D printing but the following sentence seemed a little confusing:
>> 3.2.3 Filament Feed Jam
> While printing a 3D object, the filament jams and cannot be fed into the extruder.
>> I thought a filament jams the extruder and hence cannot be fed 'through' the extruder rather than 'into' the extruder. This is where I got information on extruder jams from:
We can debate wording at the F2F, and I'll probably want to add some figures showing the different subunits and different implementations. One of the issues we will need to address is clearly defining terminology and functional components. There is a lot of non-authoritative information online about 3D printers and very little standardization of terminology, partly due to the relative immaturity of the technology and partly because there are so many enthusiasts trying different things right now.
For filament jams, I am referring to a jam in the feed of the filament from the source (typically a spool) to the hot end (the actual extruder) and not specifically the drive mechanism which can be located at any point leading up to the hot end. Most jams happen inside the Bowden Tube (for printers that use them), but it is also possible to jam at the point of entry to the hot end or even in the drive mechanism depending on the design and the print settings. Perhaps a (helpful?) ASCII art diagram showing a few common designs?
|vvvvvvvvvvvv FILAMENT PATH vvvvvvvvvvvv| |EXTRUDER|
SPOOL ----> DRIVE ----> BOWDEN TUBE -----> HOT END -----> PLATFORM
SPOOL ----> BOWDEN TUBE ----> DRIVE -----> HOT END -----> PLATFORM
SPOOL ----------------------> DRIVE -----> HOT END -----> PLATFORM
|^^^^^^^^^^^^ FILAMENT JAMS ^^^^^^^^^^^^| | CLOGS |
I am also thinking about extruded food printers, since there the source material is either liquid or melted and then pumped through the extruder head. By separating the feed/input from the place where the material comes out in a different form, we can provide fairly specific feedback/status information in a logical way.
So, a filament can be jammed only as long as it is filament (solid). Once melted, it can only get clogged. (or at least that's how I am looking at it...)
Michael Sweet, Senior Printing System Engineer, PWG Chair


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Designing Africa: Exploring Provenance and Materiality Image
Designing Africa: Exploring Provenance and Materiality
A group show exploring provenance and materiality in contemporary African design
Designing Africa: Exploring Provenance and Materiality interrogates two particular areas of design - visual communication and material exploration.
In the past, African Design had struggled to define itself as modern with the overarching Western view situating it as 'proto-design' showcasing traditional craft, commercial or primitive wares, but never showing protean, prototypical or pioneering characteristics in its nature. Over the past half century following liberation and independence movements, African creatives like Demas Woko, Oumou Sy, Ousmane Sembene amongst many others have sought to shape and redefine their respective fields of architecture and design, fashion and film through the critical and engaging works they produced. This transition from the defined to the definer is still in progress as a contemporary phenomenon in African art and design. As George Braque famously said "Art is meant to disturb, science reassures", this exhibition builds upon contemporary African design's ongoing quest for disturbing established notions of identity by asserting the defining and navigating capacities of African design.
Designing Africa showcases the work of visual artists Momodou Ceesay, Clari Green, Pwavidon Mathias and Brian Omolo with origin as the underpinning theme. How do we define where we come from? By communicating their origins, present, future and imagined states they redefine the identity of Africa through printmaking, graphic design and illustration.
In the scope of materiality, Ada Umeofia pushes the perception of form by extruding materials and the spaces surrounding them in thoughtful yet playful approaches to process, fabrication and space. Designing Africa explores the continuous redefinition of post-colonial Africa by African artists and designers and how this translates across society and our sense of identity.
Participating artists and designers:
Momodou Ceesay, Printmaker & Painter (The Gambia)
Clari Green, Graphic Designer (Nigeria)
Pwavidon Mathias, Mixed media artist (Nigeria)
Brian Omolo, Graphic artist (Kenya)
Ada Umeofia, Architect & Designer (Nigeria)
Exhibition Dates:
AAF Gallery
54 Rayomond Njoku Street, Ikoyi, Lagos
Tel: +234 _PHONE_
10:00 - 16:00


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Analyse fat and recover files information technology essay introduction this exercise contributes to the deliverable 12 – technical report of the coursework assessment. Stellar information technology pvt what the difference between them ntfs and fat32 to partition are hard drive to fat or fat32 ntfs can't be. The ntfs file system was created an acronym that stands for new technology file all versions of windows still support fat and it's common to find drives. Choosing between ntfs, fat, and fat32 if there is a large difference in temperature or humidity en 55022 information technology equipment. Extended file allocation table (exfat) what's the difference between fat32, exfat, and ntfs //arstechnicacom/information-technology/2013/06/review-is. What is the difference between fat32, ntfs and exfat +1 the file systems fat32 and ntfs are very different fat stands for file new technology file system. Fat32, ntfs - posted in the difference in fat32 and ntfs is security aa in computer networking technology bs in information technology.
Essay about what is the difference basic definition fat stands for file allocation table and fat32 is an ntsf stands for new technology file system. What's the difference between fat32 and ntfs file os stores the information of each file in fat by means of a tabular system ntfs (new technology file. The ntfs file system windows structure of an ntfs volume like fat, ntfs uses clusters as the fundamental unit of disk allocation. Fat (fat16 and fat32) and ntfs are two methods for storing data on a hard drive fundamental of information technology difference between fat 32 & ntfs. And information technology on wikipedia -virtually all formats relating to fat (fat, fat16, fat32 hfs, hpfs, ntfs, file allocation table. Ntfs, fat, and fat32 the new technology file system note: converting ntfs to fat32 file system requires a partition smaller than 32 gb.
All about ntfs & fat file systems ntfs — new technology file system for windows 10, 8, 7 the fat file system (fat12 fat16 fat32) exfat file system. Read this essay on ntfs and hyperv fat32 vs ntfs in order for windows to operate as designed the latest being fat 32 new technology file system.
He earned his bachelor of arts in media and game development and information technology at difference between shared permission & ntfs the difference between. Ntfs data recovery software fat32 and ntfs file systems ntfs reader for dos allows you to preview the files on ntfs and copy them from ntfs to fat volumes. Technology essays: structure of ntfs search the biggest difference is the use of alternate data streams a cluster in ntfs is the same as fat.
Fat32 vs ntfs vs exfat – difference between three file systems standing for file allocation table fat32 vs ntfs vs exfat – difference. Atif sarwar at comsats institute of information technology (sahiwal campus) 4 years ago ntfs to fat32 1 ntfs to extra fat partition to ntfsthese. What is the maximum file size fat, fat32 & ntfs file systems supports what is the maximum file size fat, fat32 & ntfs file systems difference between fat.
Fat32 and ntfs are the fat32 vs ntfs: choose your own format along the way joel earned a ba in english literature and an mba in information technology from. See more of online job preparation on facebook bios and postdistinguish between fat,fat32 and ntfs essay - information technology in banking sector. Notable features of ntfs include: use of a b-tree directory scheme to keep track of file clusters information about a file's clusters and other data is stored with each cluster, not just a.
File allocation table which primarily uses the newer ntfs fat is still used in hard drives when it becomes necessary to differentiate between the original. This page gives a review of the difference between ntfs and fat filesystem ntfs = new technology file system ntfs fat32 fat16. How to quick format a drive part 1 - command prompt ntfs (new technology files. File allocation table fat16 or fat32 from fat trying to copy a file with any ads other than eas from an ntfs volume to a fat or hpfs volume gives a. Home essays a fat32 file system is the a fat32 file system is the system that is primarily used for a large usb flash drive ntfs (new technology file. Fat32 is a version of the file allocation table which is available in the difference between fat32 and ntfs new technology file system.
Operating systems use fat to locate nt file system learn about each of the five generations of computers and major technology developments that have led. What's the difference between fat32 and ntfs fat32 vs ntfs new technology almost always trumps old technology fat is 35 years old. If there is a large difference in temperature or en 55022 information technology equipment ntfs, fat, and fat32 use the information below to compare the file.
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Gatekeeper Contract and Vendor Management Glossary
Contract Obligations
Contract obligations are the duties each Party to a Contract is legally and / or operationally responsible for throughout that Contract's operational lifetime.
Duties often relate to the operation of a contract such as:
 1. Issuing invoices within a certain amount of time of the end of the month
 2. Not issuing invoices later than a specified time following delivery of an order
 3. Paying invoices by the agreed due date
Responsibilities occasionally run for some agreed period following its termination.


Friday, March 30, 2012
Alpheid Shrimp/Gobbid – The Landlord and his Tennant
Introduction: The Alpheid shrimp its Gobbid (the goby), engage in a very interesting mutualistic relationship. While the shrimp burrows in the sand digging a home for the two, the goby keeps an eye out for predators and any sign of danger. Goby-Shrimp relationships can be found in numerous tropical regions but extensive research has been done in the Red Sea, Japan, and Hawaii. Over 70 different species of gobies have been associated with shrimp so far [1]. Specific shrimp goby partnerships often change. When researchers tagged the shrimp and the gobies, often times individual shrimp goby pairs split up and found new partners [1].
Description of the Relationship: Many researchers have tried to figure out how the shrimp/goby relationship has formed. Most have come to the conclusion that the relationship evolved as a way for both species to avoid predation [1]. Many Alpheid shrimp are nearly blind, so without their goby partner, they are unable to detect predation [2]. The two find each other in different ways. The goby relies on vision to find its shrimp partner, where as the shrimp relies on chemical attractions to the goby[1]. While the shrimp digs through the sand, the goby hangs out behind him looking out for danger. Because the shrimp is nearly blind, he keeps one antenna on the tail of the goby at all times [1]. When the goby detects danger, he slightly flicks his tail, which signals the shrimp to dart into its burrow, with the goby following behind [1]. Because the partnership helps reduce encounters with predators and it does not involve any metabolic processes, this type of mutualism would be considered facultative. Each, individual could live without the other, but when, paired together, it decreases death caused by predators.
Cost/Benefit Analysis: There is a fairly even ratio of cost to benefit in the shrimp/goby interaction. While the shrimp uses a lot of energy to burrow in the sand, he greatly benefits from the protection of the goby because without the goby, the shrimp could not see its predators and would be easy prey. Although the goby acts as a look out for the shrimp, he gets in return a place to hide from predators. The shrimp always keeps his antenna in contact with the goby as to not lose his partner. The shrimp puts more effort into this relationship but also arguably has more to lose without it.
Thursday, March 29, 2012
Cactus Wren on Cholla: Best Buddies
Cactus Wren on Cholla: Best Buddies
The Cactus Wren, also known as Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus, is the largest bird found in parts of North America such as Southern California, Southern Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, Utah, Western Texas, and Northern Mexico [1]. The normal size of a wren is about 8 inches long [1]. Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus is distinguished from other birds because it's belly has spots, and speckled brown, black and white feathers on its back, wings and head. It also has black feathers on its throat and a long stripe of white feathers [1]. Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus lives in desert areas such as a large cactus known as Cylindropuntia, commonly known as 'cholla' [2]. Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus finds its food from the ground using its long bill. They usually eat ants, beetles, grasshoppers, wasps, fruits and seeds. However, it also eats small frogs and lizards. The wren is adapted to the life in the desert and gets most of the water from the food it eats in order to survive [1]. Cylindropuntia are found in North American deserts with more than 20 species found in the Southern America [3]. "Cholla" is the term used to describe shrubby cacti with cylindrical stems that have segmented joints [3]. The cactus wren lives on large cacti like the 'cholla' in order for the cholla to hold its large nests.There is a commensalistic relationship between the cholla cactus and wren.
Commensalism is a relationship in which one of the organism's benefits (gets what it needs) while the other organism neither benefits nor is harmed. In the relationship between the cactus wren and cholla, the cactus wrens build their nests in cholla cacti. The spines of the cactus help by protecting the nest from predators. In this relationship, the cactus wren receives what it needs, i.e. nest protection [4]. The cholla cactus neither benefits nor is harmed by the nests that the cactus wrens form [4].
Cost/Benefit Analysis:
There is no cost in this relationship for the cactus wren. The wren benefits from the cholla by gaining shelter without harming the cholla. The wren builds its nest inside the cholla so that it has a cooler place to live in rather than the hot weather outside in the desert. The cholla also helps the wren by protecting it from predators through its spines. The cholla has no cost because the wren does not harm the cholla in any way. The cholla helps the wren by providing it shelter.
Wednesday, March 28, 2012
The Anglerfish and Her Pyrotechnic Display:
The anglerfish is a large group of more than two hundred species of deep sea-dwelling fishes of the order Lophiiforms. Anglerfish are generally less than a foot long, but may reach lengths of up to 3.3 meters [1]. They appear dark gray to dark brown with enormous heads that are loaded will numerous sharp, invisible teeth. One of the most interesting features of the anglerfish is its method of reproduction. The male anglerfish is much smaller than the female and when it encounters a mate, the male anglerfish fastens on by means of its mouth [1]. Gradually, the male is absorbed by the female until the only organ remaining is the testes. This ensures that when the female anglerfish releases her eggs, she will have a ready supply of sperm [1].
These unique fishes are found in the Atlantic and Antarctic oceans in the bathypelagic zone which extends from 1,000 to 4,000 meters below the ocean's surface [2]. The problem that most organisms face at this depth is the limited amount of sunlight that is capable of reaching this layer. Inevitably, this makes capturing prey and avoiding predation a very daunting task. However, Lophius piscatorius is a model species of this large group of anglerfish which utilizes a long, bioluminescent rod that extends from above its mouth found only on the females [1]. This rod, which is actually an extension of a dorsal spine, is home to a colony of bioluminescent bacteria that enable L. piscatorius to easily lure curious prey towards its plethora of razor teeth [3].
Description of the Relationship:
 The relationship between the anglerfish and its bioluminescent bacteria can most clearly be defined as mutualism in which both partners benefit from the relationship. The presence of the internal mutualist bacteria allows the host anglerfish to capture prey more easily, while the so-called fishing rod that houses the bacteria provides a nutrient-rich environment for the bacteria to flourish [4]. Presumably, this organ has openings to the ocean that allows the bacteria to colonize and form a very specific relationship. For example, while it is still unknown which bacteria colonize the specialized dorsal fin of the anglerfish, other relationships between bioluminescent bacteria and deep sea fishes suggest that only one bacterial species is involved [4]. Genetic data provided by Haygood (1993) suggests that the bioluminescent bacteria are most likely from the genus Vibrio which produces bioluminescence through quorum sensing [5].
 Quorum sensing functions to produce bioluminescence in many bacterial colonies by manufacturing the necessary cellular products to generate luminescence only after a particular threshold of bacteria has been established in the colony [3]. Bacteria produce molecules that are released into the environment and by sensing the number of these molecules, they can accurately estimate how many bacterial cells are present. Once that critical number of bacteria is present, the colony of bacteria begins to glow.
 The light organ that houses these bacteria in the anglerfish constantly leaks bacterial cells into the surrounding ocean at a rate of about 107 to 108 cells per hour from colonies of about 1011 cells per milliliter [4]. By leaking these bacterial cells into the surrounding water, the progeny of the anglerfish are able to develop lures with the same bacteria as that of their parents through vertical transmission as well as providing an environmental reservoir [4].
 The relationship between bioluminescent bacteria and fishes is not unique. In fact, there are several examples that include deep sea spookfish and rattails employing Photobacterium phosphoreum and, in shallower water, flashlight fish and pony fish utilizing Vibro fischeri or Photobacterium leiognathi [4]. As mentioned earlier, the


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International Great Lakes Datum (IGLD) is the reference system by which Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River Basin water levels are measured. It consists of benchmarks at various locations on the lakes and St. Lawrence River that roughly coincides with sea level. All water levels are measured in feet or meters above this point. Movements in the earth's crust necessitate updating this datum every 25-30 years. The first IGLD was based upon measurements and bench marks that centered on the year 1955, and it was called IGLD (1955). The most recently updated datum uses calculations that center on 1985, and it is called IGLD (1985). Measurements recorded in NGVD (1929) or IGLD (1955) need to be converted to IGLD (1985) measurements before they can be used in comparison situations. The table below displays the different readings for the OHWM in Indiana and how to convert NGVD (1929) and IGLD (1955) measurements to IGLD (1985) measurements. Conversion Equations

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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- There is a horizontal staff indicating if the accordion must be pushed (thick line) or pulled (thin line)
- There is a small rhythmic staff with lyrics that describes the bass buttons to press. The bar lines are made from gridlines
- The tabulator staff for diatonic accordions shows the geographic position of the buttons and not (as for every other instrument) the pitch of the notes; the keys on the melody-side of the accordion are placed in three columns and about 12 rows
In the tabulator staff notation the outermost column is described with notes between lines, the innermost column is described with notes between lines and a cross as accidental, and the middle column is described with notes on a line, whereby the row in the middle is represented on the middle line in the staff.
Some words to transpose piano notes to the diatonic accordion:
1. Every diatonic accordion is built for some keys only (for example, for the keys of C major and F major), so it is important to transpose a piano melody to match one of these keys. Transpose the source code, not only the output because this code is required later on to translate it once more to the tabulator staff. This can be done with the command
2. You have to alternate the pushand pull-direction of the accordion regularly. If the player has a too long part to pull the accordion gets broken. On the other hand, some harmonies are only available in one direction. Considering this, decide which parts of the melody are the push-parts and which the pull-parts.
3. For each pullor push-part translate the piano notes to the according tabulature representation.


Could you explain to me, how I can draw a shape like the one in the following image?
How can I cut any part of circle to get such 4 shapes with Adobe Illustrator?
enter image description here
 1. Create the circle shape.
 2. Remove the fill.
 3. Give it a stroke that is as thick as the width you want.
 4. Go to Object → Expand.. in the top horizontal menu.
 Expanding circle with stroke and no fill
 5. Create a rectangle that's as thick as you want the gaps to be.
 6. While you still have the rectangle selected, hold Shift and select the circle. Use the alignment options to center it horizontally and vertically relative to the circle shape.
 Centering rectangle relative to circle
 7. Select only the rectangle. Press CTRL + C to copy the shape.
 8. Press CTRL + Shift + V to paste it in exactly the same place as the first rectangle.
 9. Right click the currently selected shape (rectangle 2) and go to Transform → Rotate... Enter 90° into the dialog box and press enter.
 Rotating duplicated rectangle
 10. Select both rectangles and go to the pathfinder. Merge them.
 Merging rectangles
 11. Select the newly formed cross and the outlined circle and, using the pathfinder again, select Minus Front.
 Minusing cross from outlined circle
 Et Voila!
 Final desired result
 - 1
 :) I did the same answer 5 sec after you :))) thus I deleted it. But nice to see we thought the same – Ilan Jul 10 '14 at 10:33
 - But you don't have to perform a lot of operations for cross - just type "+" expand and resize :) I've posted as an answer - the plus creating looks elegant to me... – Ilan Jul 10 '14 at 11:04
If you want extremely fast solution, grab Ellipse tool and select options as on the picture:
enter image description here
If you want perfect solution you should use Pathfinder panel cutting the circle with a cross.
 - Thanks a lot! Could you explain me, in what way can I use cutting from Pathfinder? I try to incorporate it, but result is: _URL_.jpg When I Use DIVIDE from Pathfinder, please explain me this phenomenon, thanks a lot! – komon Jul 10 '14 at 9:26
 - _USER_ use Object > Expand... or Object > Expand Appearance on your black-stroke, no-fill circle before you start using Pathfinder. – Vincent Jul 10 '14 at 9:29
I give you another answer, but there are a lot of options.
Create a circle (Elliple tool->Shift+Click+Drag) and make desired stroke (i.e. 23 points)
enter image description here
Next, press Object->Expand
Next grab Type tool and type "+", then press Object->expand and resize and locate the cross along the circle.
enter image description here
enter image description here
Then select all the shapes and press Minus front on pathfinder
enter image description here
enter image description here
 - 3
 be warned: not all + signs in all typefaces are perfect crosses! – Vincent Jul 10 '14 at 14:38
You can do it also with the scissors tool. Invoke it from the tools panel or just by pressing 'C'. With it you can click any path or shape and Illustrator will split it in two as you would do with your scissors. One good option to do that would be to draw the circle, divide with the scissors on top of the four anchor points to create the four quarters and displace them a bit far from the center to create the gaps.
Your Answer


text: Of all cancer types, prostate cancer is the second most common one with an age-standardized incidence rate of 29.3 per 100,000 men worldwide. Nitric oxide (NO) is both a radical and versatile messenger molecule involved in many physiological activities. NO was documented to be highly secreted and utilized by cancer cells. N omega-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) is utilized for inhibiting NO synthase. Its worst long-term side effect is reported to be hypertension, hence less cytotoxic than chemotherapeutic agents. Herein, we carried out a cytotoxicity study on how different doses of L-NAME affect DU145 human prostate cancer cells. First, toxic doses of L-NAME were determined. Then, while antioxidant capacity was determined by glutathione and total antioxidant status, oxidative stress was evaluated by quantifying malondialdehyde, NO, and total oxidant status levels. Inflammatory effects of L-NAME were investigated by measuring tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. Apoptotic effects of L-NAME were evaluated by measuring cytochrome C somatic and caspase 3 levels and by staining Bax protein. Finally, morphological analysis was performed. IC50 of L-NAME against DU145 cells was 12.2 mM. In L-NAME-treated DU145 cells, a dose-dependent increase in oxidative stress, inflammatory, and apoptotic marker proteins and decrease in antioxidant capacity were observed. While at the moderate dose of L-NAME, apoptotic changes were commonly observed, at higher doses, vacuolated and swollen cells were also recorded. We believe that the present study will encourage future studies by providing insights about dose and effects of L-NAME.


Learn Chemistry Online Notes & Technology Articles
Hydrogen Spectrum Quiz Questions 129 Tests pdf Download
Learn quiz on hydrogen spectrum, chemistry quiz 129 to practice. Free chemistry MCQs questions and answers to learn hydrogen spectrum MCQs with answers. Practice MCQs to test knowledge on hydrogen spectrum, properties of cathode rays, classification of solids, boiling points worksheets.
Free hydrogen spectrum worksheet has multiple choice quiz questions as fourth series which is obtained in hydrogen spectrum is, answer key with choices as lyman series, balmer series, brackett series and pfund series to test study skills. For eLearning, study online atomic structure multiple choice questions based quiz questions and answers.
Quiz on Hydrogen Spectrum Quiz pdf Download Worksheet 129
Hydrogen Spectrum Quiz
MCQ. Fourth series which is obtained in hydrogen spectrum is
 1. Lyman series
 2. Balmer series
 3. Brackett series
 4. Pfund series
Properties of Cathode Rays Quiz
MCQ. Magnetic properties of cathode rays were discovered in
 1. 1897
 2. 1890
 3. 1895
 4. 1870
Classification of Solids Quiz
MCQ. Number of chloride ions occupying NaCl crystal are
 1. 4
 2. 5
 3. 6
 4. 8
Classification of Solids Quiz
MCQ. Ionic crystals usually cannot conduct electricity in
 1. solid state
 2. molten state
 3. liquid state
 4. none
Boiling Points Quiz
MCQ. Boiling point is temperature when vapor pressure of liquid become equal to
 1. external pressure
 2. internal pressure
 3. mercury pressure
 4. container pressure
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Meaning of Donelle
Donelle is an English name for boys and girls.
The meaning is 'lady'
The name is very rarely given inthe United States.
The name Donelle is -as far as we knowonly given to American boys.
Use for the other sex:
Donella, Donald
What do they use in other countries?
Donnie (English)
Donny (English)
The name sounds like:
Similar names are:
Dorelle, Jonelle, Ronelle
About my name (0)
comments (0)
Baby names in the community


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Purpose: To investigate whether feeding and oral hygiene practices of preschool children are associated with the risk and prevalence of Early Childhood Caries (EC).
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study comprising 1250 children aged 3 to 5 years from Belgaum was designed. On the first day, validated questionnaires along with parental informed consent forms were distributed to the children and were collected after a week. Validated questionnaires consisted of 20 close-ended questions pertaining to feeding and oral hygiene practices. Consent was obtained from parents of the 1116 children who were examined for EC. Data analysis included correlation coefficients and logistic regressions.
Results: Among the children studied, 97.3% were breastfed, of which 41.25% were breastfed until 2 years of age. Seventyfive percent of children who were breastfed beyond 2 years were affected by EC. Exclusive bottle feeding was practiced in 46.15%; 64.85% of them suffered from EC. Burping was not practiced in 25.18%, and 68.68% of these were affected by EC. EC was more prevalent in 89% of children who were weaned later than 12 months of age. Parental assistance for oral hygiene was not seen in 37.27% and 67.22% of these suffered from EC. Overall, 63.17% of the children were affected by EC.
Conclusion: Prolonged breastfeeding, absence of burping the child, delay in starting oral hygiene practices and lack of parental assistance with the same were shown to be significant determining factors for EC. Health education and proper guidelines on feeding and oral hygiene practices can substantially reduce the risk and prevalence of EC.
Keywords: burping, early childhood caries, feeding practices, oral hygiene practices, preschool children


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The Shadow Proclamation was an organization responsible for keeping order in the Milky Way Galaxy. It had several prisons within the galaxy, including Impel Down. Its operatives included Blackout (before he stopped working undercover), Artrix (before she died), and Sunstorm (before he left to join Blackout). It was commanded by the Shadow Architect until Blackout dismantled it.
Following the collapse of the Shadow Proclamation, its duties in the Milky Way Galaxy were assumed by the Galactic Government.


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Given a point P(x1,y1,z1) in 3D space and its orientation what would be the co-ordinates of other end of the line of length L, if it starts at P(x1,y1,z1). The rotation of point P(x1,y1,z1) takes place about its local axis.
Kindly read the links I gave on your previous post, as it is essentially the same question.
You'll need to construct a rotation matrix for the orientation and then do something like:
P2 = P1 + mat * (0, 0, L)


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early 14c., "narrow band or strip of cloth," from O.Fr. label, lambel "ribbon, fringe" (Fr. lambeau "strip, rag, shred, tatter"), possibly from Frankish *labba (cf. O.H.G. lappa "flap"), from P.Gmc. *lapp- (see lap
(n.)). Sense of "strip attached to a document to hold a seal"
evolved in M.E. (late 14c.), and general meaning of "tag, sticker, slip of paper" is from 1670s. Meaning "circular piece of paper in the center of a gramophone record" (1907), containing information about the recorded music, led to meaning "a recording company" (1952). The verb meaning "to affix a label to" is from c.1600; figurative sense of "to categorize" is from 1853. Related: Labeled; labeling; labelled; labelling.


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My kids love to draw and doodle, especially Annika. She leaves silly notes and drawing all over the house. Often when we are running out the door, she grabs a note book to keep her busy in the car. Her sweet notes always make me smile. Now we keep one of these little DIY dry erase tiles in the car.
When I found a few left over white tiles in the garage, I knew they would be perfect for making small dry erase boards for the girls. There are lots of easy tutorials on how to make DIY dry erase boards, but I want to try using tiles.
To make these simple DIY dry erase tiles, you will need:
- White Ceramic Tiles (Ours were 4″ x 4″)
- Ribbon – to tie the book cover closed
- Hot Glue Gun
- Jewels – optional
Cut the felt large enough to wrap around the ceramic tile like a book cover. It should cover the front and back of the tile. Use a hot glue gun to secure the felt to the back of the tile. Attach the ribbon to the felt with hot glue. Embellish the cover any way you like, my girls enjoyed adding lots of sparkly jewels.
Dry erase boards are a fun tool for playing and teaching your kids. Here are a few ideas to get you started…help your kids learn letters and numbers, write their name, practice spelling words, play a game of Tic Tac Toe or Hangman, work of math problems…you get the idea. The tiles are small, and the perfect size to throw in your purse for entertaining on the go.
My kids just recently discovered how to make subtractive drawings. You will need one working Dry Erase Marker and one marker that is dried up. First, cover the entire board with Dry Erase Marker. Then using a dried up Dry Erase Marker begin drawing as you would normally. The dried up marker will act as an eraser, creating a wonderful subtractive drawing.
For more dry erase fun, check out our printable BINGO cards for road trips.
Please remember to be careful if you are going to use these with your kids. If the tile drops; it will break and leave sharp edges.
Do you have any fun games to play on our new DIY dry erase tiles? I would love to hear any creative suggestions for using dry erase boards with kids.
If you are looking for more road trip ideas, follow the link to a fun list of things we like to do.


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WWII bombs defused allowing 45,000 evacuated residents to return
By Rick Noack, CNN
updated 12:41 PM EST, Sun December 4, 2011
 - NEW: Teams successfully defused two bombs and a fog-screen device from World War II
 - NEW: Buses are to transport residents back into the city after follow-up procedures
 - Fire official: It was the largest evacuation in Germany since the end of World War II
 - One of the bombs weighed 1.8 tons
Berlin (CNN) -- Bomb squads in Germany successfully defused on Sunday two bombs and disposed of an additional air-dropped military device that had caused an evacuation of historic proportions in a city in the country's west.
The 45,000 evacuated residents of the city of Koblenz, situated on the Rhine and Moselle Rivers, were allowed to return home.
Workers rendered inert the two bombs, one 4,000-pound "air mine" and a smaller high-density explosive bomb. Then they destroyed a third non-explosive device by way of a controlled detonation, according to the Koblenz fire department.
The fire brigade had pre-warned the population about the controlled detonation to allay possible fears that one of the powerful bombs may have exploded.
Life had come to a standstill in the western German city of Koblenz, where 45,000 people -- nearly half of the city's population -- had been evacuated after the discovery of several dangerous World War II bombs.
"It's the largest German evacuation since the end of the war," fire brigade spokesman Ronald Eppelsheim said Sunday.
For 65 years, the Rhine River hid two bombs and an fog-producing device that were dropped by American and British warplanes in the last years of the war. When water levels dropped to record lows last week, the bombs were finally found.
The function of the fog-producing device was to block the vision of anti-aircraft personnel on the ground during WW II to make it harder for them to fire upon the allied planes carrying out the bombing mission.
"While time passed by, and Koblenz was rebuild(ing), the bombs got even more dangerous," bomb-disposal squad member Jurgen Wagner said Sunday.
The largest of the explosives is a 1.8 metric ton British air bomb that has the potential to destroy the city's center, according to the fire brigade.
But the focus of attention wasn't on the largest bomb -- it was on the much smaller, 125-kilogram (275-pound) American high-explosive bomb. It was "transformed on impact of the earth" making it more difficult to deactivate the detonator, Wagner said.
Last week, hundreds of volunteers started evacuating two hospitals and seven homes for senior citizens. A prison and numerous hotels are also affected by the shutdown.
By mid-Sunday morning, authorities declared the center of Koblenz a "forbidden area." About 1,000 authorities were searching the town to make sure any left behind leave.
The fire brigade built a wall of more than 2,500 sandbags since the bombs were found in the river. Water pumps draining part of the river help ensure the two four-men teams can defuse the bombs precisely.
Eppelsheim said he is optimistic the operation will be successful.
"People in Koblenz are used to bomb findings," he said.
Despite the inconvenience for those evacuated, the situation could have been much worse.
"If we had found an even larger bomb, we would have been forced to evacuate all 100,000 citizens of Koblenz," Eppelsheim said.
The deactivation of bombs is a common practice in Germany. Last year, a bomb exploded in the German town Gottingen -- killing three members of a bomb-disposal squad.
During World War II, an estimated 257 British air bombs were dropped on Koblenz alone, according to the local fire brigade. It is not known how many of them did not explode and have been forgotten.
Bomb-disposal squads have only managed to deactivate three of them until now.


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|Title||Realization of a super waveguide for high-power-density generation and transmission using rightand left-handed transmission-line circuits|
|Publication Type||Journal Article|
|Year of Publication||2007|
|Authors||Y..H. Yao, T..J. Cui, Q.. Cheng, R..P. Liu, D. Huang, D.R. Smith|
|Journal||Physical Review E|
In an earlier work [Cheng and Cui, Phys. Rev. B 72, 113112 (2005)], we have shown theoretically that extremely high power densities can be generated and transmitted in a super waveguide which is filled with homogeneous bilayers of rightand left-handed materials. In this paper, we realize such a super waveguide using right-handed transmission-line (RHTL) and left-handed transmission-line (LHTL) circuits. After a rigorous design of the RHTL-LHTL structure, we observe the generation and transmission of high-power densities in the super circuit waveguide from accurate simulation results. Both lossless and lossy cases have been studied for the LHTL circuit. From the simulation results and the rigorous analysis of energy speeds, we show that high-power flows with opposite directions are excited in the RHTL and LHTL parts of the super waveguide, which form the energy vortices in the waveguide cross section.


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Solution structure of human intestinal fatty acid binding protein: implications for ligand entry and exit.
Additional Document Info
The human intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) is a small (131 amino acids) protein which binds dietary long-chain fatty acids in the cytosol of enterocytes. Recently, an alanine to threonine substitution at position 54 in I-FABP has been identified which affects fatty acid binding and transport, and is associated with the development of insulin resistance in several populations including Mexican-Americans and Pima Indians. To investigate the molecular basis of the binding properties of I-FABP, the 3D solution structure of the more common form of human I-FABP (Ala54) was studied by multidimensional NMR spectroscopy. Recombinant I-FABP was expressed from E. coli in the presence and absence of 15N-enriched media. The sequential assignments for non-delipidated I-FABP were completed by using 2D homonuclear spectra (COSY, TOCSY and NOESY) and 3D heteronuclear spectra (NOESY-HMQC and TOCSY-HMQC). The tertiary structure of human I-FABP was calculated by using the distance geometry program DIANA based on 2519 distance constraints obtained from the NMR data. Subsequent energy minimization was carried out by using the program SYBYL in the presence of distance constraints. The conformation of human I-FABP consists of 10 antiparallel beta-strands which form two nearly orthogonal beta-sheets of five strands each, and two short alpha-helices that connect the beta-strands A and B. The interior of the protein consists of a water-filled cavity between the two beta-sheets. The NMR solution structure of human I-FABP is similar to the crystal structure of rat I-FABP. The NMR results show significant conformational variability of certain backbone segments around the postulated portal region for the entry and exit of fatty acid ligand.


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We use Postgres 9.3, we want to split a large database (evaluated final size will be > 100 T) on many servers. As our users already have a set of existing queries, we cannot use solutions like PL/Proxy. We would like to use the postgres_fdw contrib to externalize some part of the data.
To illustrate our problem, we created 2 foreign tables foreign_table_1 and foreign_table_2. As inheritance seems not available on foreign tables, we created an union view like this :
CREATE VIEW union_table (id, name) AS ( SELECT id, name FROM foreign_table_1 where id BETWEEN 1 AND 100000 UNION ALL SELECT id, name FROM foreign_table_2 where id > 100000 ) ;
The problem is that Postgres does not push the constraints into the query plan. For instance here both foreign tables are scanned :
postgres=# explain analyze select * from union_table where id = 1234; Append (cost=100.00..303.35 rows=5 width=8) (actual time=1.113..1.113 rows=0 loops=1) -> Foreign Scan on master_table_1 (cost=100.00..154.82 rows=1 width=8) (actual time=0.567..0.567 rows=0 loops=1) -> Foreign Scan on master_table_2 (cost=100.00..148.48 rows=4 width=8) (actual time=0.538..0.538 rows=0 loops=1) Total runtime: 1.876 ms (4 rows)
- Is it possible to push the WHERE clause into the query plan?
- Is it possible to use inheritance with postgres_fdw?
- Is there any other way to obtain a sharded table with Postgres?


[vc_row css=".vc_custom_1447738075492{margin: 5px!important;padding: 10px!important;}"][vc_column][vc_column_text]
Georgina Hogarth was the sister-in-law, housekeeper and adviser of Charles Dickens and the editor of two volumes of his collected letters after his death. She was a trusted companion and confidant who Dickens described (in his will) as 'the best and truest friend man ever had'.
Early Life.
Georgina Hogarth was born on 22 January 1827, one of ten children born in Scotland to music critic George Hogarth and his wife Georgina.
In 1834 she moved along with her family to London where her father had taken a job as a music critic for the The Morning Chronicle. The family lived at Queen's Elm, Brompton, then a rural area of orchards and market gardens on the fringes of the city.
Dickens family household.
In 1842, aged 15, Georgina Hogarth joined the Dickens family household when Dickens and his wife Catherine, sailed to America, caring for the young family they had left behind.
Dickens divorce from Catherine.
In 1858 Georgina Hogarth sided with Dickens when he separated from her sister, Catherine, Dickens's wife. This caused the family to break apart. Georgina, Charles Dickens and all of the children except Charles Dickens, Jr. remained in their home at Tavistock House, while Catherine and Charles Jr. moved out. Georgina Hogarth ran his household.
She remained with them as housekeeper, organiser, adviser and friend until her brother-in-law's death in 1870, after which she stayed in regular contact with the surviving members of the Dickens family.
Georgina Hogarth died on 19 April 1917.


4031 Kirsten Drive, Stockton, California 95212
How we do it
Animal Crackers Preschool incorporates the use of art, music, and physical movement in order to stimulate creative growth within the child. Each day includes singing and access to art supplies. We encourage outdoor play.
As children grow and evolve, so does the Animal Crackers Preschool program. We take into account the individual needs of each child when we plan and implement the lessons. We encourage children to take part in both individual and group activities. Our goal is to enrich, nourish, and promote positive intellectual, social, and emotional growth in each child.
Infants are an integral part of Animal Crackers Preschool's family-based environment. As with the preschoolers, infants are stimulated with art, music, and movement. We encourage them with age-appropriate activities, which change as they develop and grow.
Infants are from the beginning taught to socialize with others. We encourage them to develop with both directed and free play. The infant program includes toys and activities designed specifically for the needs of children in their age range.
Animal Crackers Preschool, 4031 Kirsten Drive, Stockton CA 95212
Telephone _PHONE_, California Licence #393610032


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- Oral Granule dosage based on child's weight. Usually taken for 6 weeks.
If you take too much terbinafine, call your healthcare provider or local Poison Control Center, or seek emergency medical attention right away.
- Store terbinafine at a temperature.
- Keep terbinafine in a tightly closed container and away from light.
- Keep terbinafine and all medicines out of the reach of children.


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Realigning Economic Incentives for Depression Care at UCSF
- First Online:
- Cite this article as:
- Feldman, M.D., Ong, M.K., Lee, D.L. et al. Adm Policy Ment Health (2006) 33: 34. doi:10.1007/s10488-_PHONE_-3
- 59 Downloads
Behavioral health carve-out arrangements create financial disincentives for primary care providers (PCPs) to treat depression. A novel collaboration between a primary care practice, a health insurer, and a managed behavioral health organization (MBHO) allows PCPs to receive reimbursement and schedule longer appointments to care for depressed patients. This article describes the details of the arrangement, and early results of this collaboration. Early results find that financial incentives are critical for implementation, but that time incentives do not appear to motivate PCPs. Sustainability of this model will require participation of multiple primary care practices, health insurers, and MBHOs.


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From: Monica Howie
Subject: [teacherartexchange] tie-dye tissue paper
Does anyone have advice on creating a tie-dye effect using wetted
1. My young students really enjoyed that aspect of "bleeding" tissue
2. We did not use that technique in isolation...felt that it was more
effective if some of the tissue stayed on the paper for texture and
3. Not all tissue brands "bleed"
4. Tissue also bleeds on to the artists' hands and is nearly impossible
5. Ditto for art furniture.
6. We used white glue and water mixed, applied with stiff bristle


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Silvia's goal is to help busy individuals incorporate exercise into their lives so they can be fit, move well, feel good in their bodies, and excel at what they do. She won't just tell you how to exercise or what to eat, but will give you strategies–both practical and mental–on how to do what you do need to do to reach your goals while staying sane in your unique context.
As an occupational rehab kinesiologist, Silvia has been to a variety of workplaces and collaborated with WorkSafeBC and employers to help hundreds of injured workers return to work safely. She is passionate about using education, exercise, and nutrition to help people avoid work-related injuries, rehabilitate, and optimize health and function. As a competitive weightlifter, she understands the importance of proactively maintaining a healthy body to keep the body resilient to heavy physical demands.
In her spare time, Silvia likes to train for competitive Olympic weightlifting, eat, nerd out about exercise science and nutrition, and learn about behaviour change.
Education and Certifications:
- Master of Science (Kinesiology) and Bachelor of Human Kinetics
- Practicing Kinesiologist (British Columbia Association of Kinesiologists)
- Certified Functional Movement Screen (FMS) Professional, Levels 1 & 2
- Precision Nutrition Level 1, Certificate in Exercise Nutrition
- Certified Online Trainer (Online Trainer Academy)
Certifications in Progress:
- ACSM Certified Exercise Physiologist
- Precision Nutrition Level 2
- PROnatal Certified Trainer (preand post-natal training)
See her LinkedIn profile here: _URL_


Skip (curling)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Curling positions
In curling, the skip (also called a "skipper") is the captain of the team. The skip is responsible for determining strategy, and holds the broom in the house (target area) to indicate where a teammate at the other end of the curling sheet (playing area) should aim the stone. The skip usually throws the last two stones in the fourth position, but the skip can play in any other position.
Skips Madeleine Dupont, Andrea Schöpp, and Mirjam Ott hold their brooms on the ice at the 2010 Winter Olympics.
Overall, the skip is responsible for leading the team and giving it strategic direction.[1] The skip calls shots for his or her teammates to play[2] through verbal direction and/or physical gestures. In many cases, the skip communicates the planned trajectory of the shot by tapping his or her broom on the ice, and will motion to other stones in the playing area if they are involved in the planned shot. The skip will usually determine the required weight, turn and line of the stone, and hold the broom for the throwing player to aim at. As each stone is delivered, the skip calls the line of the shot and communicates with the sweepers as the stone travels down the sheet.[3] The skip will gauge the stone's path and call to the sweepers to sweep in order to maintain the stone's path. In most cases, the skip, playing the fourth stones, must be able to deliver these last stones comfortably, a difficult task in that the last stones are usually the most crucial to the end.[4][5] As the person throwing last stones, the skip must also have a good repertoire of shots and the ability to execute many types of shots at will.[2][4]
As the game progresses, the skip must assess different aspects of the game, such as the timing of the rocks and the characteristics of the curling sheet, and use them to decisively create the most optimal shot choices and tactics. The skip should be able to read the ice and call the game accordingly, taking into consideration the ice conditions.[6] Moreover, the skip must understand the playing style and strengths of each player on his or her team. As the captain of the team, the skip's knowledge of his or her teammates will allow the skip to call shots according to the their abilities and orient the team's strategy towards its strengths.[4] The skip must also observe the opposition's gameplay and pinpoint their strengths and weakness in order to shape his or her own team's strategy into one which places the opposition at the least advantage.[5]
 1. ^ CurlTech. "The Skip". The Curling Manual.
 2. ^ a b Weeks, Bob. "Curling For Dummies Cheat Sheet".
 3. ^ Weeks 2006, pp. 69
 4. ^ a b c "House Call: Skipping to Victory". Canadian Curling Association. 28 April 2011.
 5. ^ a b Weeks 2006, pp. 72
 6. ^ Weeks 2006, pp. 73


for this type of insert optimization.
Problem analysis
The results of the previous tests raised questions: "How do we explain the performance degradation in the case of columns number growth?" and "How do we minimize this effect?"
I selected three factors that I believe affected response time and tried to investigate their influence on the result.
Suggested Influence
Round trips
A statement invocation on server takes time. The more rows are wrapped into a single INSERT the less statement invocation we have. Using multiple rows insert minimizes round trips.
Number of parameters in a statement
Parameter binding, sending and parsing takes time. The more parameters we use the more time is spent on binding and parsing on server side.
Insert operation time
Clear time of insert without time spent in sending, binding and parsing parameters. The more rows are wrapped into a single INSERT the less time is spent. Using of multiple rows insert should minimize INSERT operation time.
Table 3
My idea was to understand how much time we spent sending, binding and parsing data and how long the INSERT operation took.
I used a trick to gauge how long the INSERT operation took. I created a copy of the program that sent the same data to the server but did not execute the INSERT statements. I wanted to compare the results shown by program that sent data and executed INSERT statements with the results of the program that just sent data.
For comparison, I took the results of the first test with a two column table. The results of both programs are presented in Image 7. To calculate the INSERT operation time, I subtracted the results of the program without INSERT from the program executing INSERT.
Image 7
Through multiple rows optimization, the INSERT operation time was reduced from 21 seconds to three seconds, and there was no degradation. When a single INSERT contained more than 100 rows, the results of a program with INSERT and without INSERT became very similar. Both programs spent a lot of time in sending, binding and parsing data.
The best result for multiple rows insert was 9 seconds (25 rows per insert), and only 4 seconds were spent inserting data. During the test with the single row insert, the total time was 56 seconds, 21 of which were spent executing INSERT and 24 seconds on sending and binding.
When increasing the number of rows in a single statement from one to 1000, the sum of round trips and parameter binding time decreased, but with 100 rows in a single INSERT it began to increase. To insert 100 rows in one statement I used 200 parameters. It's likely that the positive effect of decreasing the round trip time was negated by the parameter binding and parsing. In my testing environment, the number of parameters in a statement should be between 100 and 200. When the number of parameters was above 200, serious response time degradation was observed. The program without INSERT shows that this effect relates not only to multiple rows insert, but to any statement with parameters including stored procedures.
In my test programs the number of parameters was the main limitation. The most significant amount of time was spent on parameter processing.
Problem minimization
To minimize the influence of the number of parameters, I decided to try and use parameters more efficiently.
I took the case which had shown the worst result: the table with 23 columns (t23). I put all the 23 values into one string variable where every field had a fixed length. Instead of sending 23 parameters for each row I sent one in the form of string. I repeated a set of tests wrapping one, two, five, 10, 25, 50, 100 rows in a single INSERT statement. To get certain column value during execution of INSERT I used substring operator, I called this method "sub stringed multiple insert".
The INSERT statement for three rows in a single statement looked like this:
Table structure:
U1 uniqueidentifier, U2 uniqueidentifier,I1 int, I2 int, d1 datetime, I3 int, I4 int, 15 columns varchar(40);
Step A. Put 23 values in to a string variable for every row using concatenation ("+")
Declare _USER_ varchar(..)= [column 1] value + … [column 23] value;
Declare _USER_ varchar(..)= [column 1] value + … [column 23] value;
Declare _USER_ varchar(..) = [column 1] value + … [column 23] value;
Step B. Insert data using substring.
Insert into t23(c1,c2,..c23) values
(substring(_USER_,1,32), substring(_USER_,33,32), …. substring(_USER_,xx,40) ), –1st row
(substring(_USER_,33,32), substring(_USER_,33,32), …. substring(_USER_,xx,40) ),– 2nd row
(substring(_USER_,33,32), substring(_USER_,33,32), …. substring(_USER_,xx,40) ),– 2nd row
Using "sub stringed multiple insert" I managed to reduce the multiple rows insert results from 79 seconds to 37 seconds for the table with 23 columns.
The results produced by the single row insert, multiple rows insert and "sub stringed multiple insert" for tables with a different number of columns are presented on Image 8.
Image 8
"Sub stringed multiple insert" supported my hypothesis about the main limitation. After minimizing the number of parameters, the result was improved in spite of spending additional CPU resources to perform substring operation.
Comparison of multiple insert method with bcp, TVP procedure and single row insert
Finally, I decided to compare multiple rows insert with other data load methods. I used bcp utility, the procedure with INSERT from TVP, the single row insert and "sub stringed multiple insert". I completed two sets of tests. In the first set, I loaded one million rows, in the second one, 10 million. I took the tables with different numbers of columns which I had used in the previous tests. In these tests, I wanted to define the influence of the number of columns on insert speed for all the methods. The results of the tests are shown in Image 9 and Image 10.
Tables had the same structure as before.
In the tests, I filled character columns completely according to its full size.
Image 9
Image 10
All the methods suffered from increasing the number of columns.
The length (in bytes) of each row for the table with ten columns was equal to the twenty-three column table. Performance for the twenty-three column table was significantly longer.
Bulk copy utility (bcp) was the fastest data load method and "Sub stringed multiple rows insert" was a close second. Multiple rows insert was faster than the single row insert and faster than TVP in two of the four cases.
In order to minimize execution time when you are loading data, it is better to insert several rows at once using INSERT... VALUES. Even by inserting two rows in a single statement you can reduce the execution time over single row insert.
For the single row and multiple row insert, good performance is possible only if you use explicit transactions. Wrap _PHONE_ statements into a transaction. Don't use auto-commit!
Even though you can have 1000 rows in a single INSERT... VALUES statement, doesn't mean you should. I got the best results with a relatively small number of rows in a single INSERT: two, five, seven and 25 rows worked best.
The more columns you have in a table, the lower the effectiveness of INSERT optimization. With 23 columns, the advantage almost vanished. This was due to the fact that the time spent parameter binding and parsing dwarfed any saving in inserting several rows in one statement. Be careful using parameterized statements with a large number of parameters (more > 100), not just with multiple rows insert, but with all the statement types including stored procedures. Such is the slowness of parameter binding that it was quicker to put all the values for one row into one delimited string and sending it in one parameter instead of several. This, combined with multiple rows and using the substring function to get values back, could improve data load speed.
Now that I've completed 45 different experiments, here's what I've learned: The fastest method to load data into SQL Server is bcp, with "sub stringed multiple rows insert" as a close second; multiple row insert consistently outperformed single row insert; and the number of columns involved in the insertion of a table was a serious limitation for all the methods.


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Eighteen U.S. Teachers receive Presidential Innovation Award.July 2, 2012 -
White House Council on Environmental Quality, in partnership with U.S. EPA, has announced winners of 2011-2012 Presidential Innovation Award for Environmental Educators. Eighteen teachers are being recognized for exceptional work as leaders in field of environmental education in formal school settings. Award recipients and their local education agencies will receive monetary awards and commemorative plaques to help support and encourage use of environmental education in classrooms and schools.
18 U.S. Teachers Receive Presidential Innovation Award for Environmental Educators
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Ariel Rios Building
Washington, DC, 20460
Press release date: June 30, 2012
WASHINGTON - The White House Council on Environmental Quality, in partnership with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), has announced the winners of the 2011-2012 Presidential Innovation Award for Environmental Educators. Eighteen teachers from around the country are being recognized for their exceptional work as leaders in the field of environmental education in formal school settings. Award recipients and their local education agencies will receive monetary awards and commemorative plaques to help support and encourage their use of environmental education in their classrooms and schools.
"To earn this prestigious award, each educator demonstrated teaching skills and innovative use of environmental education that connected students with the world around them in ways that will strengthen their education for years to come," said EPA Administrator Lisa P. Jackson. "Their lessons have put creativity and innovation, community engagement and leadership into practice, teaching students about civic responsibility and environmental stewardship. We are fortunate to have such educators in our schools today."
The Presidential Innovation Award for Environmental Educators recognizes outstanding K-12 teachers and their local education agencies across the United States for excellence in integrating environmental education into their lessons and connecting students with their communities and the natural world.
This program recognizes and supports teachers from both rural and urban education settings who make use of experiential and environmental opportunities that utilize creativity and community engagement to help students develop a sense of civic responsibility and stewardship in ecosystems. This year's winning teachers' programs range from field studies in watershed and wetland science in New England to the study of clean energy sources in Colorado and ocean and climate science in Texas, forest ecology and trout studies in the Pacific Northwest and water resource management projects in the desert.
"The educators who have earned this honor are demonstrating leadership and excellence in environmental education, and are harnessing the innovation and imagination of our students," said Nancy Sutley, chair of the White House Council on Environmental Quality. "These teachers are encouraging our nation's future leaders to take responsibility for being good stewards of our environment, and preparing them to succeed in the 21st century."
Recipients of the Presidential Innovation Award for Environmental Educators include:
o Lizanne Cox, New Haven, Conn., Common Ground High School
o Ed Lindsey, Old Town High School, Old Town, Maine
o Patricia Lockhart, Hubert Humphrey PS 57R, Staten Island, N.Y.
o Aaron Baker, Randolph High School, Randolph, N.J.
o Rebecca Sanders, Crellin Elementary School, Oakland, Md.
o Robert Carroll, Plaza Middle School, Virginia Beach, Va.
o Deborah Wasylik, Dr. Phillips High School, Orlando, Fla.
o Frank McKay, Exploris Middle School, Raleigh, N.C.
o Sandra Vander Veldon, Fox River Academy, Appleton, Wis.
o Howard Hill, Highland Park High School, Highland Park, Ill.
o Clifford Strain, Flour Bluff ISD - Middle School, Corpus Christi, Texas
o Bradd Schulke, East Mountain High School, Sandia Park, N.M.
o Denise Scribner, Eisenhower High School, Goddard, Kan.
o John Broda, Buffalo Ridge Elementary, Cheyenne, Wyo.
o Sally High, Pagosa Springs Middle School, Pagosa Springs, Colo.
o Riccardo Magni, Pioneer Valley High School, Santa Maria, Calif.
o Mike Town, Redmond High School, Redmond, Wash.
o Deidre Bingaman, Donnelly Elementary School, Donnelly, Idaho
More information about the winners: _URL_
More information about this program: _URL_


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By Health Day
But what happens to those banged up players years later?
New research suggests that some NFL players may be at increased risk for depression.
Researchers recruited 34 retired NFL athletes with a history of concussion and 29 people from the general population with no history of the traumatic brain injury.
All were examined to assess their thinking skills, mood and to look for physical signs of depression.
The results: the NFL players had more symptoms of depression related to all 3 factors and the number of concussions suffered was directly related to the severity. Researchers say this suggests that athletes who suffer concussions during their playing days may be at a higher risk for developing the illness.
Depression is a common affliction, with up to 1 in 10 Americans having some form of depression each year. If you are concerned about your or a loved one's mental health, let your doctor know. Help is available.
I'm Dr. Cindy Haines of HealthDay TV with the news that can help keep your family healthy.
KHASTV on Facebook


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Last modified: 2011-03-26 by andrew weeks
Keywords: den helder | julianadorp | huisduinen |
Links: FOTW homepage | search | disclaimer and copyright | write us | mirrors
Shipmate Flagchart : _URL_
adopted 2 Oct 1962; design: Kl. Sierksma.
According to "Wie, Wat, Waar? 1940", an annual published by the
Rotterdamsch Nieuwsblad in Nov. 1939, the flag of Den Helder was: white,
with in the center the full municipal arms.
Jarig Bakker, 26 May 2005
Arms: gules three chevrons, surmounted by a crown, all or.
Julianadorp is a small village at the southern end of Den Helder municipality, Noord-Holland province; it was founded in 1909, the year Queen Juliana was born. Huisduinen is a base of the Dutch navy, just west of Den Helder city.
The forgotten flag of Julianadorp.
A friend recently sent the design of the flag of Julianadorp to the webmaster of that site. They were quite surprised to see the date of 1936 on the design. No Julianadorper ever knew about this design, dug out from the municipal archives of Den Helder.
The flags of Julianadorp and Huisduinen have probably been derived from the arms of Den Helder, based on the arms of the Egmond family (yellow and red), the former owners of the Lordship of Huisduinen. These colors were also used for the flag of Den Helder, adopted in 1962.
The flags of both villages are divided in three main stripes, of which the middle one is itself divided in seven stripes, alternating red and yellow. The difference between the flag: for Julianadorp the top and bottom stripes are green (for the Koegras-polder), while for Huisduinen they are blue (for the Sea).
In 1984 the organisers of the celebrations of 75 years of Julianadorp's existence had no idea that this design existed, otherwise the village would have been totally covered by seas of flags. It is expected that this will happen in 2009, when the village will tally a century.
Source: this webpage.
Jarig Bakker, 11 Aug 2005
The flags of Julianadorp and Huisduinen were almost certainly derived from the arms of Den Helder, as on the Julianadorp website is part of the original design sheet, with the caption: "Ontwerpen - Vlag van Huisduinen en Vlag van Julianadorp (in verband met het gemeente-wapen): "Designs - Flag of Huisduinen and Flag of Julianadorp (in connection with the municipal-arms).
In the narrow space below that text was added the addition "en in
verband met de geographische ": "and
in connection with the geographical..."
(This would probably be readable on the full scan, but here the head and the part for Julianadorp have been brought together in one image, without regards for that extra bit of information.)
Further information given is given on the web page, telling us that:
"De "vergeten" vlag van Julianadorp is ontworpen door dhr. Sierksma uit Groningen, deskundige op het gebied van de banistiek(vlaggenkunde). Hij heeft gelijkertijd ook een gemeentevlag en een vlag van Huisduinen ontworpen. De gemeentevlag is afgeleid van de vlag van de Egmonds, de vroegere eigenaar van heerlijkheid Huisduinen, met toevoeging van marine-elementen. Het ontwerp van de gemeentevlag is in 1962 officieel goedgekeurd door de gemeenteraad.":
"The "forgotten" flag of Julianadorp was design by dhr. Sierksma from Groningen, expert in the field of banistics (flag science). Simultaneously he also designed a municipal flag and a flag for Huisduinen. The municipal flag is dereived from the flag of the Egmonds, the previous owner of the seigniory, with addition of navy elements. The design of the municipal flag was officially approved by the municipal council in 1962."
"De vlag van Huisduinen en de vlag van Julianadorp zijn waarschijnlijk van dat ontwerp afgeleid. De vlaggen van beide dorpen zijn verdeeld in drie hoofdbanen, waarbij de middelste baan nog weer bestaat uit 7 smalle banen, afwisselend rood en geel. Het verschil tussen de dorpsvlaggen is de kleur van de bovenste en onderste baan. Deze banen zijn bij de Julianadorper vlag groen (van Het Koegras) en bij de vlag van Huisduinen blauw (van de Zee).":
"The flag of Huisduinen and the flag of Julianadorp probably are derived from that design. The flags of both villages are divided in three main stripes, whereby the middle stripe exists of again 5 narrower stripes, alternating red and yellow. De difference between the village flags is in the colour of the upper and lower stripe. These stripes are green in the Julianadorp flag (for Het Koegras) and blue for the flag of Huisduinen (for the Sea)."
"Het Koegras" is the name of the polder Julianadorp is situated in.
The "expert" is of course Klaas Sierksma, and hence it should come as
no surprise that the design is a full construction sheet, giving the overall
lengte = 1 1/2 x breedte, as well as the ratio of the stripes: 13/40, 1/20, 1/20, 1/20, 1/20, 1/20, 1/20, 1/20, 13/40.
Now, the bad news is: There's no way to simplify this ratio, so it's never going to fit a height of 216 pixels, though we could slightly improve the approximation.
The good news is: all information the construction sheet giffers need is right here. This flag too could be fully specified which such a beautiful image.
Note: The text doesn't mention the design ever being adopted. Considering
that at the time Sierksma's design for the municipal flag had been ignored
(rejected?), it could well be that the same happened to the village flags.
Source: village website.
Peter Hans van den Muijzenberg, 17 Aug 2007
Info: see above.


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October 25, 2001
Distant Touch
What purpose does a fish's lateral line serve? and how does it work?
Q: When I tag fish, I know that I'm supposed to avoid the lateral line. But what does the lateral line do? I've heard that fish use it to hear, or to sense temperature or pressure. Which is it and how does
it work? - Matthew Stickney, Jacksonville, Florida
A: Fish use their lateral lines to feel low-frequency vibrations or pulsing movements in the water. The sense is somewhere between our senses of hearing and touch. Some researchers have called it the sense of "distant touch."
The lateral line is composed of many tiny organs called neuromasts, set in a line of pits along each side of the fish. From each neuromast, a capsule containing sensory hairs sticks out of the fish's skin. When a pulse of moving water - created, for example, when another fish swims by - passes over a fish's lateral line, each capsule bends slightly, triggering the hairs inside to send a nerve signal to the fish's brain.
The lateral line helps fish avoid bumping into things they can't see because it detects pulses of water bouncing off solid objects. It is this sense that allows fish to school, swim together and change directions simultaneously. It also gives fish the ability to sense a predator approaching, and predators the ability to detect the abnormal swimming patterns of an injured fish.
Fish can use this sense because they live in water, which is much denser than air, and low-frequency vibrations can trigger a physical response in the lateral-line organs. Fish have a separate sense called the labyrinthine system (comparable to our inner ears) for detecting the high-frequency vibrations that we call sound.


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This short program shows how a live video stream from a web cam (or from a video file) can be rendered in OpenGL as a texture. The live video stream is captured using the Open Source Computer Vision library (OpenCV). The program also shows how an OpenCV image can be converted into OpenGL texture. This code can be used as the first step in the development of an Augmented Reality application using OpenCV and OpenGL.
Understanding the Code
The program renders an OpenGL textured quad which shows a live video stream. The code does not contain any additional functionality, and is kept very simple for easy understanding.
The OpenGL texture is continuously created in the
OnIdle callback function. The next available frame in the video stream is captured first:
IplImage *image = cvQueryFrame(g_Capture);
The image is stored in the OpenCV data structure
IplImage. Please see the OpenCV documentation for details. The image captured by OpenCV is stored as a
BGR. It is first converted to
RGB using the OpenCV function
cvCvtColor(image, image, CV_BGR2RGB);
Then, the following magic call creates a 2D OpenGL texture from the OpenCV image:
gluBuild2DMipmaps(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_RGB, image->width, image->height,
GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, image->imageData);
The texture is loaded into memory and is available for rendering.
Compiling and Running
The code is compiled and tested using Microsoft Visual Studio 2008. However, it can be compiled using any C++ compiler on any platform. The program uses the OpenGL, GLUT, and OpenCV libraries. Please make sure that you have installed them and paths to the include and lib directories are set. OpenCV can be downloaded from here.


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Image: Radio telescope DSS 43
DSS 43 is the largest steerable parabolic antenna in the Southern Hemisphere. The massive structure, weighing more than 3000 tonnes, rotates on a film of oil approximately 0.17mm thick. The reflector surface is made up of 1,272 aluminium panels with a total surface area of 4180 square metres.
- © Australian Museum
- NASA Deep Space Communication Complex, Canberra


text:
A sunscreen formula's ability to protect the skin from UV damage depends on a wide variety of factors. These factors include chemical structures of UV fi lters, concentrations of active ingredients in the formula, and importantly, what concentration can be achieved on application to the skin and how much remains during the water wash process. The emulsifi er(s) and fatty components in an applied sunscreen emulsion are the principal infl uences on the product's effectiveness.
In a previous study, we concluded that a new phosphate emulsifi era improved the SPF water wash resistance of sunscreen formulations, and the structural characteristics of the emulsion were also very important. The INCI name of this ingredient is cetearyl alcohol (and) dicetyl phosphate (and) ceteth-10 phosphate. Figure 1 shows a drawing of the two phosphate esters. In general, phosphate esters demonstrate the following chemical properties:
- The ionic phosphate group constitutes a powerful O/W emulsifying agent.
- The ionic phosphate group is shielded by the alkyl chains, hence the "crypto" in the term "cryptoanionic."
- Unlike carboxylic acid esters, the phosphate ester link is very stable at high and low pH.
- The emulsification characteristics of the ester depend on the degree of neutralization of the free-acid groups (ratio of free-acid/mono ester/di-ester).
- The lipophilic character is critically dependent upon the alkyl chain length, chain-length distribution, and number of EO (ethylene oxide) groups in the molecule.
- Fatty alcohols work well in combination with phosphate esters made from these alcohols.
Excerpt Only This is a shortened version or summary of the article that appeared in the Oct. 1, 2003 issue of Cosmetics & Toiletries magazine. The full content is not currently available online.


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This tutorial will present how to use DB Store and DB Filter components in Wires using the OPC-UA simulated server already used in OPC-UA Application.
The DB Store component allows the wire graphs to interact with the database provided by ESF. It stores in a user-defined table all the envelopes received by the component. The component can be configured as follows:
- table.name: the name of the table to be created.
- maximum.table.size: the size of the table.
- cleanup.records.keep: the number of records in the table to keep while performing a cleanup operation.
The DB Filter component, instead, can run a custom SQL query on the ESF database. It can be configured as follows:
- sql.view: SQL to be executed to build a view.
- cache.expiration.interval: cache validity in seconds. When the cache expires, a new read in the database will be performed.
The following procedure will create a wire graph that collects data from a simulated OPC-UA Server, stores it in a table in the database, using the DB Store component, and publishes it in the cloud platform. Moreover, the DB Filter is used to read from the database and write data to the OPC-UA Server based on the values read.
- Download the OPC-UA server simulator bundle and install it on your ESF instance. It will create a simulated OPC-UA server that exposes some sensors (light, temperature and water sensor) and some actuators (buzzer, led and fan).
- In the ESF Administrative Web Interface, select "OPCUA Server demo" in "Services" and set server.port to 1234. Click the Apply button. This will start an OPC-UA server on port 1234.
- Install the OPC-UA Driver from Eclipse Kura Marketplace
- Use the local ESF Administrative Web Interface to create a new OPC-UA driver instance:
- Select Drivers and Assets, click the New Driver button
- Select org.eclipse.kura.driver.opcua, type in a name, and click Apply: a new service will show up under Services.
- Configure the new service as follows:
- endpoint.ip: localhost
- endpoint.port: 1234
- server.name: leave blank
- Click on Wires under System
- Add a new Timer component and configure the interval at which the OPC-UA server will be sampled
- Add a new Asset with the previously added OPC-UA Driver
- Configure the new OPC-UA asset, adding new Channels as shown in the following image. Make sure that all the channels are set to READ.
- Add a new DBStore component and configure it as follows:
- table.name: WR_data
- maximum.table.size: 10000
- cleanup.records.keep: 0
- Add a new Publisher component and configure the chosen cloud platform stack in cloud.service.pid option
- Add Logger component
- Add another instance of Timer
- Add a new DBFilter component and configure it as follows. The query will get the values from the light sensor and if they are less than 200, the fan is activated.
- sql.view: SELECT (CASE WHEN "light" < 200 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS "led" FROM "WR_data" ORDER BY TIMESTAMP DESC LIMIT 1;
- cache.expiration.interval: 0
- Add another Asset with the OPC-UA Driver, configured as shown in the following image. Be sure that all the channels are set to WRITE.
- Connect the components as shown in the following image, then click on "Apply" and check the logs and the cloud platform that the data is correctly published.
Updated over 2 years ago


text:
Since 2001, thousands of military children have had parents killed in combat operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. Many other children have had siblings, cousins, and other relatives die in war. Like other grieving children, military children who experience the death of someone special under traumatic circumstances can develop traumatic grief, which can interfere with their ability to grieve and to call up comforting memories of the person who died. Traumatic grief may also interfere with everyday activities such as being with friends and doing schoolwork. There are, however, unique aspects of military family loss that those who care for or work with grieving military children should be aware of. To find out more about military children and families click here.
Traumatic Grief in Military Children Information Series
This series provides culturally competent materials for educating families, medical professionals, and school personnel about how to better serve military children who are experiencing traumatic grief.
Traumatic Grief in Military Children: Information for Educators (2008) (PDF)
Traumatic Grief in Military Children: Information for Families (2008) (PDF)
Traumatic Grief in Military Children: Information for Medical Providers (2008) (PDF)
Mental Health America, Helping Children Cope With Loss Resulting from War or Terrorism
Overview of how to assist children who are coping with loss as a result of war or terrorist acts. Includes toll free number for accessing additional resources _PHONE_).
Tragedy Assistance Program for Survivors (TAPS)
800-959-TAPS (8277) (24-hour hotline)
Comprehensive resource for all who are grieving the death of a loved one serving our country.


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Version 1.1 - Fixes:
- Fixed the bug that caused a crash if you had a companion during a save.
- A "Speed Slider" has been added that allows the user to select the speed that the game plays out between ranges of 70% to 100%. It is accessed by hitting the "escape" button.
- Many optimizations to the size and frequency of network packets. This will help lower bandwidth connections.
- Faster 3D rendering (making the game generally run faster).
- Fixed rendering error that occurred in some loaded saved games with dragons.
- Fixed a crash bug that could occur during map transitions (unrelated to companions).
- Added detection of corrupt save games file when trying to load.
- Other, smaller bug fixes (such as fixing the tool tips for buttons so that it doesn't show an extra blue dot when there is no tool tip, etc).


text: Purpose: The purpose of the study is to explore the existence of gender discrimination in the service delivery process of the poverty reduction programs in Bangladesh. Originality: This paper has developed a multidimensional scale to assess the efficiency of Government (GO) and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in the service delivery process of poverty reduction programs in rural Bangladesh as there is no such scale available in the literature. The scale then is utilized to find differences in opinion between male and female beneficiaries. Key literature / theoretical perspective: This study followed a process of scale development proposed in marketing, psychology and human resources management. Design/methodology/approach: The methodology is based on quantitative survey from 78 randomly chosen villages in Bangladesh. Confirmatory factor analysis and discriminant analysis were used to explore the differences in opinion of the beneficiaries. Findings: In most geographic areas, more improvement in efficiency determining items are demanded by female beneficiaries proves that they are not only deprived of better services compared to their male counterparts but also are carrying the hallmarks of gender discrimination. Research limitations/implications: Responses of the beneficiaries of the geographically disadvantageous areas like char (island), haor (water bodies) and hilly areas are not included. Practical and Social implications: It is hoped that region-wise findings will help the policy makers of both GO and NGOs to pin-point the areas of service delivery in which they require more attention.


Arthena M.
In 1950, the schooner Arthena M., was on its way to the Magdalene Islands, from Pictou, Nova Scotia, laden with coal. In the late evening, the vessel met up with a B.T.U carrying a load of hay which blocked the vision of the helmsman. The two ships collided, creating a hole in the bow of the Athena. One man was lucky enough to jump onto the B.T.U before the ship went under. The other two men attempted to free a dory, but did not free it in time and died.
In Partnership with


facebook launched a new programming language for HHVM
Hack is a programming language for the HipHop Virtual Machine (HHVM) invented by Facebook.Hack can be seen as a new version of PHP that also runs on the HHVM, but it allows programmers to use both dynamic typing and static typing.
This is what is called gradual typing, which has been mostly seen as an academic exercise; as described by Facebook, it is the first to bring gradual typing to a "real, industrial strength" language.
Hack Features
Hack interoperates seamlessly with PHP, which is a widely-used open source general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for web development and can be embedded into HTML. Majority of scripts that are valid in PHP are also valid in Hack.[4] Hack's type system allows types to be specified for function arguments, function return values, and class properties; types of local variables cannot be specified.
Syntax and Example
The basic file structure of a Hack script is similar to a PHP script with a few changes. A Hack file starts with


text:
A Finnish study found that having many boys shaves months off a mom's life. (Photo: Getty Images)Parents often quip that their kids—especially their rambunctious little boys—are "going to be the death of me," and new research shows that they may be right: Having sons can shave an average of eight and a half months off of a mom's life.
(The affect on dads? None, apparently.)
Also on Shine: A Dad's Time-Lapse Video of his Son, from Birth to Age 21
The study, by evolutionary ecologist Dr. Samuli Helle of the University of Turku in Finland and Dr. Virpi Lummaa of the University of Sheffield in the United Kingdom, was published this week in the journal Biology Letters. He and his team looked at the post-childbirth survival rates of 11,166 mothers and 6,360 fathers in pre-industrial Finland, using records kept by the Lutheran Church there.
"Irrespective of access to resources, mothers, but not fathers, with many sons suffered from reduced post-reproductive survival," they wrote in the study.
The subjects were born in eight different parts of Finland during the 17th to 20th centuries—a time period when the mostly agricultural society did not have access to modern medical care or birth control. After crunching the numbers, the researchers found that a mother who bore six sons would live on average another 32.4 years after the youngest son's birth, while a mother who gave birth to girls would live approximately 33.1 years after her youngest daughter came along.
The shorter life expectancy was the same regardless of the mom's social or financial status, though Helle said that "societal and cultural reasons could also play a factor."
"Adult sons may be beneficial for their parental well-being and thus survival in some countries, but girls may be beneficial in other countries," he told Livescience. In Finland during the 1700s and 1800s, a girl helped her mother by shouldering many of the household responsibilities, which could have increased the mother's life span slightly. Dads weren't affect, probably because reproduction takes far less of a toll on a man's body than it does on a woman's.
Still, Helle said in a statement: "The research shows the more sons you have the lower post-reproductive survival was. Biologically, there is a bigger cost associated with having a boy than a girl, so that is one explanation for the shorter lifespan." Male babies are usually bigger than female babies, which may have meant that they required more nutrients from the mother's body during gestation, researchers suggest.
But modern moms with boys shouldn't worry too much: The study shows correlation, not cause (that is, it shows a link between having sons and dying earlier, but doesn't prove that one causes the other). Besides, Helle points out, life these days is very different from that experienced by the mothers in the study, the vast majority of whom were born before 1960. Twenty-first century families are smaller than they were in the 1700s, 1800s, and early 1900s, and better nutrition, medical care, and birth control options mean that women are far healthier now than they used to be.
"One could speculate that owing to modern medical care, smaller family size and more abundant resources, the biological costs of reproduction might not play that important role in modern societies anymore," Helle said.
Also on Shine:
Date Night: 7 Ways for Moms to Bond with Their Sons
Why My Sons Aren't Involved in Sports
Girls vs. Boys: Which Toddler is Easier to Raise?


text: Carpet square samples are wonderful to use in the classroom. In addition to being "sit-upons," they can also be used to define a workspace for a child or small group. They can also be used to confine manipulatives (especially for math), games, and puzzles to a defined space. Each student has a "territory" marked. Most carpet and furniture stores will give the outdated samples to teachers at no cost.


text:
A Study of Elliptic Biquaternionic Angular Momentum and Dirac Equation
AbstractIn this article, we deal with the Dirac equation and angular momentum, which have an important place in physics, in terms of elliptic biquaternions. Thanks to the elliptic biquaternionic representation of angular momentum, we have expressed some useful mathematical and physical results. We have obtain the solutions of the Dirac equation with elliptic Dirac matrices. Then, we have express the elliptic biquaternionic rotational Dirac equation. This equation could be interpreted as the combination of rotational energy and angular momentum of the particle and anti particle. Therefore, we also discuss the rotational energy momentum in the Euclidean space, the elliptic biquaternionic form of the relativistic mass. Further, we expressed the spinor wave function with elliptic biquaternions. Accordingly, we also have show elliptic biquaternionic rotational Dirac energy-momentum solutions through this function.


text:
2 entries found for shout.
To select an entry, click on it.
Main Entry: 1shout
Function: verb 1: to utter a sudden loud cry 2: to utter in a loud voice - shout·ernoun synonymsSHOUT, SHRIEK, SCREECH mean to utter a loud cry. SHOUT suggests any kind of loud cry that is meant to be heard either far away or above other noise . SHRIEK suggests a high-pitched, shrill cry that is a sign of strong feeling . SCREECH suggests a drawn-out shriek that is usually without words and is very harsh and unpleasant .


text:
Current issue: 54(5)
Under compilation: 55(1)
To explore interactions between climate and peatland hydrology, Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) growing at four raised bogs in southern Sweden were subject to a dendroclimatological study. Radial tree growth reflecting climate and water table fluctuations over multiannual periods was detected as significant negative correlations between tree-ring width (TRW) chronologies and the preceding one to four years total precipitation or river discharge. Systematically stronger negative correlations were obtained when river discharge instead of precipitation was compared to radial tree growth. This indicates that river discharge reflect moisture variability of peat bogs better than what precipitation data does. Meanwhile, monthly precipitation and radial tree growth did not show any clear correlation, whereas spring and early summer temperatures had a positive influence on the tree growth. Our study shows that growth variability of bog pines in the Boreal zone reflect hydrological responses related to a synthesis of climate controlled moisture variability over several year periods.