This post is available as a PDF download here.
 - We explore "top N" sector rotation strategies based upon momentum signals.
 - We find that too much concentration (i.e. N is too small) leads to poor performance, whereas performance does not appear to materially degrade for larger N.
 - We find that shortto long-term signals all appear to generate higher total returns than the S&P 500 and there may be room to benefit from diversification by using multiple signals.
 - However, in attempting to use momentum information in an optimization, we struggle to generate any value.
 - We find that the majority of "top N" returns actually come from the tilt towards an equal-weight sector approach, with momentum adding little-to-no beneficial information.
 - Of 1,000 randomly generated "top 4" sector strategies, 97% out-performed the S&P 500 from 2000-2012, highlighting the importance of decomposing strategy returns into the contribution of each step of the portfolio's construction. In this case, by more appropriately measuring the impact of momentum information after accounting for the return generated by equal-weight tilts, we find no benefit since the turn of the century.
In last week's commentary ("Es-CAPE Velocity: Value-Driven Sector Rotation," August 26th, 2019) we explored value-based sector rotation in the 20thcentury. Specifically, we deconstructed the Shiller CAPE US Sector Rotation strategy and ultimately found that the largest driver of performance was not value, but a momentum-based filter.
Given the success of the momentum-based filter and the fact that momentum often exhibits negative correlation to value, in this week's research note we wanted to explore the application of momentum-based signals in US sector rotation.
To perform this analysis, we will apply momentum-based signals to portfolios build from the SSgA Sector Select ETFs. After REITs were spun out of the Financial sector in 2016, a Vanguard REIT ETF was included in the investible universe. With the introduction of the Communication Services sector and a significant re-classification of Consumer Discretionary and Technology companies in September 2018, we utilized hypothetical indices that more accurately reflect the re-categorization (when historically applied) to generate momentum signals.
How Many Sectors?
To begin our analysis, we will start with a very traditional sector rotation model: a "top N" system. In this system, sectors are ranked on a quantitative signal and then the top N sectors with the strongest signals are equally weighted.
For example, in a top 4 12-month momentum system, sectors would be ranked based upon their prior 12-month total return and the strategy would allocate 25% of the portfolio to the top 4 ranking sectors for the next month.
The choice of N largely depends upon our expectations of signal strength, accuracy, and relative performance between ranks. For example, if the signal demonstrates a monotonic improvement in return (i.e. higher ranks imply higher returns) with a strong degree of accuracy, we might choose a small N to maximize our returns. The stronger the improvement, the more concentration risk we may be willing to bear.
On the other hand, if the signal is largely flat, with a drop-off in performance for lower ranking sectors, than we might treat it more as a screen, equally weighting a large number of sectors and avoiding just a few.
Below we plot the equity curves for different 12-month top N momentum strategies, where N is varied from 1 to 9. We have shaded the graph from darker-to-lighter blues in an effort to determine if there are any parameterization-based patterns that emerge visually.
We can quickly see that the more concentrated strategies – for example, Top 1 and Top 3 – have the lowest total returns. However, among more diversified strategies, there appears to be a large degree of consistency in their terminal wealth. This might suggest that momentum, when applied in the last century, served better in avoiding the worst sectors rather than picking the best.
Source: CSI Data; S&P Dow Jones; Calculations by Newfound Research. Results assume the reinvestment of all distributions. Results are gross of all fees, including, but not limited to, manager fees, transaction costs, and taxes. Past performance is not an indicator of future results.
Longversus Short-Term Momentum
Below we plot all the top 4 systems with momentum lookbacks ranging from 1 to 18 months. Again, we vary the shades from darker-to-lighter blues in an effort to determine if any visual patterns emerge.
Interestingly, we can see that both short- (1-to-3 months) and long-term (16-to-18 months) momentum appear to perform the worst on a total return basis, while more intermediate-term measures (10- and 11-month momentum) appear to perform the best.
Of course, in the short-term, results can vary dramatically and even a 20-year period is not sufficient to determine if a cluster of parameterizations is superior. If we plot rolling 1-year returns, we can see dramatic dispersion in results versus the average return of the different parameterizations. For example, fromJune 2007 to June 2008, the 1M variation under-performed the average result by over 1100 basis points, but from February 2009 to February 2010, it out-performed by over 2000 basis points.
With no statistical difference in Sharpe ratios over the period, we would suggest that – once again – different parameterizations represent an opportunity for diversification.
Tracking-Error Based
The above analysis suggests that sector-based momentum may be most effective if we simply try to avoid the worst sectors and apply an ensemble of parameterizations. One potential way of improving our model, then, is via optimization. Specifically, we can seek to maximize our momentum exposure subject to tracking-error constraints with respect to the S&P 500.
To implement this idea, we:
 1. Generate N-month returns for each sector
 2. Calculate a covariance matrix from sector returns (exponentially weighted over the prior 252 days).
 3. Given current S&P 500 sector weights, select portfolio that maximizes weighted N-month returns subject to a given tracking error constraint.
The goal of this process is for the optimization process – despite the added computational complexity and embedded estimation risk – to more intelligently apply our active risk budget.
We also construct a variation where instead of maximizing the weighted N-month returns, we will transform the N-month returns to ranks and maximize the weighted rank. This can be thought of as a regularization step, sacrificing potential non-linear information but reducing the impact of outlier returns.
The results here are a bit of a head scratcher, as we have almost completely lost any out-performance generated in the top N models.
Which suggests that, perhaps, the out-performance had nothing to do with momentum-based information, but rather something else entirely.
It Was Always You, Equal Weight
If we return to our foundational framework that any active strategy is really just the market-capitalization-weighted portfolio plus a dollar-neutral long/short portfolio overlaid on top, then we can really think of our top N portfolios in a two-step active process:
 1. Start with the S&P 500 and tilt to equal-weight sector implementation;
 2. Remove low-momentum sectors and re-allocate capital among the rest.
To more accurately demonstrate the impact of our momentum decisions, then, we really should be isolating the impact of each of these steps.
For example, plotting the weight differences over time, we can see that equal-weight sectors are typically overweight Utilities and Materials and underweight Technology. We would expect this to dramatically help in the dot-com fallout, but hurt us after 2008.
If we actually generate the performance of this long/short strategy, we can see the results almost perfectly line up with our expectations: it was a generally profitable trade in the new century through early 2012, at which point it began to reverse.
If we plot the S&P 500, an equal-sector portfolio, and a top 4 momentum strategy, we can see that there is actually very little performance differential between the equal-sector approach and the momentum strategy. In fact, the momentum strategy does not appear to add much value at all other than active noise.
Which very much confirms the results we saw in our tracking-error-based solution: in the last century, the edge has not been in momentum.
Rather, it would appear that a top N momentum strategy was merely able to back its way into harvesting the return benefits of the equal-weight portfolio. The question we must now ask is whether that represents skill in the signal or merely luck.
Given the abject failure of momentum to dislodge itself from the equal weight portfolio after 2012, our initial guess is "luck."
But to explore this idea further, we generate 1,000 randomly generated "top 4" strategies. At the end of each month, each strategy randomly selects four sectors and holds them in equal weight over the next month. Note that as the number of strategies increases, the average allocation across all strategies should approach an equally weighted sector portfolio.
We then plot the distribution of annualized excess returns (versus the S&P 500) of each randomly generated strategy from 7/2000 to 3/2012.
The grey bar highlights the zero excess return line and the orange bar highlights the annualized return of the top 4 momentum strategy.
Two things are immediately apparent:
 - Simply throwing a dart to select sectors from 7/2000 to 3/2012 proved to be a very effective strategy. In


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Eight people have been injured after a powerful tornado hit Portugal's Algarve region.
Violent winds overturned cars, smashed windows and stripping tiles from roofs.
Most of those injured had been on the road when the storm picked up their vehicles and threw them onto their roofs.
A funnel-shaped cloud had been seen approaching the coast from the Atlantic shortly before the damage was reported.
Funnel clouds are rotating areas of cloud which extend downwards from the base of the main thunderstorm cloud. In themselves they are harmless, but if they develop sufficiently and touch the ground, then they can become powerful tornadoes.
Tornados are triggered by the interaction of two contrasting air types, and can occur almost anywhere. They have been seen in every continent except Antarctica.
In the US, where there is a stark contrast between the hot air from the Gulf of Mexico and the cool air from Canada, tornadoes are often extremely destructive and life-threatening.
In Europe, however, the vast majority of tornadoes are pretty feeble and don't cause any significant damage. Fortunately the destruction caused by this recent storm in Portugal is rare.
A few more thunderstorms are expected to rumble across the Algarve for the remainder of Saturday, before clearing away for Sunday.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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What India Learned from Mapping Health Clinics and other Health GIS News
The Indian Institute of Public Health (IIPH) which had been asked to asked by [sic] the government to do GIS mapping of all primary health centres and suggest locations for new PHCs to cater to increase in population, has recommended that every industrial cluster like JDIC area should have primary health centres with special focus on occupational health.
Revealing this to TOI, IIPH Director, Dileep Mavlankar says all the government medical colleges should also have at least one occupational health specialist each, who can be consulted for patients reporting in PHCs with occupational diseases or accidents.
Clostridium difficile, which was responsible for a spate of hospital deaths between 2003 and 2007 and infected more than 24,000 patients last year, is one of the most feared hospital bugs.
Now for the first time scientists have traced the epidemic to its outbreak using genetic techniques to reconstruct its path across the world.
The map, published in the journal Nature Genetics, shows how two strains originated in North America and were soon transmitted to Europe.
How did they do it? They used DNA samples of those afflicted worldside to track where the bug had become resistant to drugs. The technique may be used to track other outbreaks.


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Connecting to an Instance
You can connect to a running compute instance by using a Secure Shell (SSH) or Remote Desktop connection.
For step-by-step instructions, see the following tasks:
- Connecting to a Linux Instance
- Connecting to a Windows Instance
- Connecting to an Instance on a Private Subnet Using a Bastion
For permissions, see Required IAM Policy for Working with Instances.
Troubleshooting the SSH Connection
If you're unable to connect to an instance using SSH, follow the troubleshooting steps in Troubleshooting the SSH Connection.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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WE OFFER ORTHOPHOTOS – METRIC IMAGES COMMONLY SPECIFIED FOR HERITAGE SITES
Orthophotos or metric Images are commonly specified within the world of heritage and conservation. Images can be produced with a pixel size of as little as 1 mm. Depending on the requirements and budget we can employ either standard digital photogrammetry techniques, generate the Orthophoto directly
from the point cloud (a quicker and often more cost-effective solution), or combine both methods to balance both, the quality and the budget. 3Deling will work with you to provide a solution that best works for you.
Practical applications include:


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Hendrick Avercamp (January 27, 1585 (bapt.) - May 15, 1634 (buried)) was a Dutch painter.
Avercamp was born in Amsterdam, where he studied with the Danish-born portrait painter Pieter Isaacks (1569–1625), and perhaps also with David Vinckboons. In 1608 he moved from Amsterdam to Kampen in the province of Overijssel. Avercamp was mute and was known as "de Stomme van Kampen" (the mute of Kampen).
As one of the first landscape painters of the 17th-century Dutch school, he specialized in painting the Netherlands in winter. Avercamp's paintings are colorful and lively, with carefully crafted images of the people in the landscape. Many of Avercamp's paintings feature people ice skating on frozen lakes.
Avercamp's work enjoyed great popularity and he sold his drawings, many of which were tinted with water-color, as finished pictures to be pasted into the albums of collectors. The Royal Collection has an outstanding collection of his works.
Avercamp died in Kampen and was interred there in the Sint Nicolaaskerk.
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Hendrick Avercamp|
|This article about a Dutch painter is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


July 18, 2021
Playground Design with Landscape Architects - Q&A With GameTime's Brandon McBride
Brandon McBride - GameTime Landmark DesignWe recently talked with Brandon McBride, GameTime's Vice President of Design, about how our Landmark Design team works with landscape architects. Brandon shared his thoughts on the importance of designing a play and recreation area that appeals to all generations. He also elaborated on the key role landscape architects play in making playgrounds a centerpiece of the community.
Read on and learn how GameTime and landscape architects work together to enrich childhood and build communities through play.
What drives your creative process when working with landscape architects?
What is the primary inspiration for how you design a play area together?
One of the main drivers is envisioning how children will utilize the space. We work with landscape architects to incorporate elements that create positive challenges and spark the imagination. That's a critical component to the success of each play space.
Understanding how children use the area provides a foundation to create a design that facilitates social interaction between peers. Each of us has a fundamental desire to build connections with those around us. A playground is great for a child's physical development, but it's also essential for enriching their social, cognitive, and emotional capacity as well.
What types of products and materials do landscape architects gravitate toward?
What drives the decision to use them?
As a landscape architect, GameTime's Landmark Design team views each project individually and considers the materials or products that will best complement that space. The utilization of custom concrete elements helps build durable spaces with rich texturing. It can also provide a connection to a unique theme or story.
Some spaces lend themselves to a more modern style or advanced levels of play. Selecting the right components and materials is essential to a positive user experience and achieving the community's desired outcomes.
What has changed most about playground design?
How have people changed the way they use playgrounds in the past 5 or 10 years?
One of the most critical shifts in playground design is a thoughtful process toward a multi-generational design philosophy. Playgrounds have shifted from a fringe recreation area to a central community space. There is evidence parents want to engage with their children during play, and communities understand play environments are critical anchor points where people come together and gain a stronger sense of community at every age.
In playground design today, is it just the children who will play on the equipment?
Do you consider other family members/generations?
It is essential to consider all the users that may utilize the space. Each individual has to be comfortable in the environment. We want people to spend as much time in the space as possible so they can enjoy all the benefits (physical, social-emotional, cognitive, etc.) of the design. If someone has a positive experience, they are more likely to come back again and again.
At the beginning of any project, we also consider making a play area accessible and inclusive to the greatest extent possible. I want every space to offer something for everyone, regardless of age or ability. Parents and grandparents need spaces to interact with their children, grandchildren, and peers playfully.
We also look for areas to include comfortable seating to gather, socialize and observe play. By considering how everyone will use a playground, it becomes a vital community centerpiece that impacts a broader cross-section of the community.
Why is thoughtful and creative design important to a playground?
What are the added benefits for the users when you take the time to design something out of the ordinary?
Working with different communities across North America and leading landscape architects helps our designers flex their creative muscles and create better and unexpected designs. Creating something new and unexpected engages children and families to play, explore, and grow together.
A thoughtfully designed play area attracts people, encourages physical activity, and enhances childhood development. It breaks down barriers and brings people together. Ultimately, playground design helps people connect, forge lasting relationships and create memories that last a lifetime.
Let's Design Something Extraordinary Together
If you're planning a park, playground, or other recreation space for people of all ages and abilities, we'd love to talk with you. Our team of designers, architects, and engineers use a collaborative process to ensure every project meets a community's goals and exceeds their expectations. Contact the GameTime play expert in your neighborhood to learn more.


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acriflavineArticle Free Pass
acriflavine, dye obtained from coal tar, introduced as an antiseptic in 1912 by the German medical-research worker Paul Ehrlich and used extensively in World War I to kill the parasites that cause sleeping sickness. The hydrochloride and the less irritating base, neutral acriflavine, both are odourless, reddish-brown powders used in dilute aqueous solutions primarily as topical antiseptics or given orally as urinary antiseptics. Once used in the treatment of gonorrhea, acriflavine has been replaced by the antibiotics.
What made you want to look up "acriflavine"? Please share what surprised you most...


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A33. propagation along a channel
The purpose of this test is to verify the influence of diffraction for waves propagating along a channel. The amplitude of the waves decays in axial direction due to loss of energy in lateral direction. The waves computed by Swan are Compared with an analytical solution taken from Booij (1981). This analytical solution was validated by measurements, see Booij (1981). The axis of the channel is in N-S direction.
At the Southern boundary an incident wave field is assumed which propagates from the Southern boundary in N direction. The peak period is 10 s.
In the analytical solution the amplitude along the axis is constant. Computed values for Hs along the axis are compared with the analytical results.
3 cases are considered:
The highest panel shows the decay of Hs along the channel.
It is seen that diffraction enhances the decay. Diffraction in Swan
does not give enough decay if compared with the analytical solution.


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Discrimination and harassment
The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences does not tolerate any form of discrimination or harassment.
The vice-chancellor is ultimately responsible for making sure that the university complies with the Discrimination Act. All managers and supervisors are obligated to make sure that any cases of harassment are investigated and acted upon. It is the responsibility of all staff to maintain a working environment free of any form of discrimination.
If you are the subject of discrimination or harassment, or if you believe someone else is:
- Contact your immediate superior.
- Describe what has happened, and take notes of when, where and how.
- Ask your employer to launch an investigation.
- The investigation should establish what has happened and what actions are needed.
- Accept all offers of support.
- Ask you union or health and safety representative for help.
If you have been the subject of victimisation or harassment, you can contact your immediate superior, the HR specialists, the Legal Affairs Unit or the occupational health services. You can also contact your union or health and safety representative. If you are a doctoral student, you can contact the doctoral student ombudsman.
Read the SLU guidelines on discrimination.


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Purpose of activity: To learn the chemical formulas for some common minerals.
Target age group: any, but ideal for ages 9-13
Description of activity: A card/dice game. Players roll three dice marked with element symbols. If they roll the elements required to make one of the minerals, they pick up the card. First player to pick up five cards wins.
Time needed: One game can take anywhere from 5-20 minutes. It's a short game that you play more than once.
Materials you will need: Copies of pattern pages printed onto card stock, scissors, glue


Full disclosure: When should you reveal a disability at work?
 - 30 April 2014
A man's hand holds a pen hovering over a form, with the question "Do you consider yourself to have a disability?"
The OED defines "disclosure" as the action of making new or secret information known. But for disabled people, it tends to have a more specific usage - one that causes much soul-searching and indecision.
What is disclosure?
It's never far from a disabled jobseeker's mind and usually comes to the fore when filling in a job application form. It's the word used to describe that tricky situation that many people with disabilities will recognise - do I choose to tell a potential employer that I am disabled or not?
When do you disclose?
There's usually an invitation to declare your disability on applications, in the bit about "equal opportunities" called a monitoring form. The Equality and Human Rights Commission says that employers must not base decisions about who to take further into the application process on the information people give in this section. They also advise HR staff not to pass the monitoring form on to the person making recruitment decisions. But some disabled people still feel that sharing the information too early does invite discrimination and could cost them an interview. So, why tell if you don't have to? Why not wait and let them find out once you're in front of them?
Could disclosure be a good thing?
Billy Saunders thinks so. He recently got creative with his job search and uploaded a video CV to YouTube, with help from a mentor. In it, he is completely up front about his disabilities. "It's a way of telling people who you are, what you can do and what people might see as barriers," Saunders says. "If you give them advance warning that you are visually impaired, then they aren't going to get you to fly a plane."
Saunders' CV includes footage of him using specialist technology, playing piano and showing off his talent for figuring out the exact day of any date in any given year. It was created by small recruitment agency A Potential Diamond, which helps people with autism, Asperger syndrome or mild learning disabilities find work. The video had 293 views in its first three days.
If you don't give advanced warning, you won't necessarily get an accessible interview. The room could be too small or upstairs, which would cause problems for wheelchair users or with mobility impairments. Assessment tests may be unreadable or cause difficulty if you're dyslexic or have vision difficulties. The interview itself may even be difficult if, for instance, you're hearing impaired and there is no loop, or if it is held in a room that echoes.
Should I disclose?
For Kate Nash, who works with businesses on how they treat disabled staff, disclosure is a personal choice. "To get the workplace adjustment that you need, you have to share personal information," says Nash, who has also written a book on sharing information about disability with employers. "But there are lots of people who manage their impairment themselves."
Nash, who has arthritis, does disclose. "I would choose to be my best self at interview and if it is relevant to the job I'd say right at the end that I have arthritis and what that means. And then I tell them that 'of course I want to make it as easy as possible for you to recruit me. If you do appoint me, I'd be keen to talk about the adjustments I might need'."
Adjustments might include flexible working hours, specialist equipment, or help from a support worker or interpreter.
But if someone becomes disabled while already working, deciding when to disclose can be tricky. Nash says many newly disabled people are getting used to their situation and that sometimes they need to "practise telling their story" before they share it with anyone else.
Is disclosure a helpful term?
Some people call it a declaration. Kate Nash doesn't think either are good words. "To disclose something suggests that you have a secret," says Nash, "and if you declare something, that sounds like you've got a huge piece of news. This is language that we as disabled people might choose to use for ourselves and that's OK, because that's how it feels."
But she says that employers shouldn't use it because "it perpetuates those notions".
"Disclosure" and "declaration" are particularly off-putting words for people who are still getting used to disability, adds Nash. "Language that suggests you're having something that's a bit of a problem might stop you from sharing the information that gets you the adjustments you need."


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Welcome to Cathedral SADD (Students Against Destructive Decisions)!
We are excited that you are interested in being part of our group.
This organization is open to all students in grades 9-12.
SADD has five goals:
1. To promote chemically free lifestyles
2. To help eliminate the drunk driver and save lives
3. To alert high school students to the dangers of using mood-altering
4. To conduct community alcohol/mood-altering chemical awareness
5. To organize peer counseling programs to help students who may have
concerns about alcohol/mood-altering chemicals
If you have questions about SADD, please contact Mr. Brown Email


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Indexed on: 17 Sep '14Published on: 17 Sep '14Published in: Dalton Transactions
Zintl phases are attractive for thermoelectric applications due to their complex structures and bonding environments. The Zintl compounds Ca(5)Al(2)In(x)Sb(6)and Ca(5)Al(2)In(x)Sb(6) have both been shown to have promising thermoelectric properties, with zT values of 0.6 and 0.7, respectively, when doped to control the carrier concentration. Alloying can often be used to further improve thermoelectric materials in cases when the decrease in lattice thermal conductivity outweighs reductions to the electronic mobility. Here we present the high temperature thermoelectric properties of the Ca(5)Al(2-x)In(x)Sb(6)solid solution. Undoped and optimally Zn-doped samples were investigated. X-ray diffraction confirms that a full solid solution exists between the Al and In end-members. We find that the Al : In ratio does not greatly influence the carrier concentration or Seebeck effect. The primary effect of alloying is thus increased scattering of both charge carriers and phonons, leading to significantly reduced electronic mobility and lattice thermal conductivity at room temperature. Ultimately, the figure of merit is unaffected by alloying in this system, due to the competing effects of reduced mobility and lattice thermal conductivity.


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msys.policyeditor.set_binding — Assign the message to a named binding
msys.policyeditor.set_binding(ctx, vars, params);
ctx: table vars: table params: table
**Configuration Change. ** This function is deprecated. Use
msg:binding(bnd) to set a binding. For more information see msg:binding.
Assign the message to a named binding. If commas appear, it's a list of bindings, and we pick one at random.
If you assign messages to bindings, it is important to ensure that all messages are assigned to bindings, or to make sure that the fallback binding (otherwise known as "default") does what you want. Good scripting practice would be to ensure that there is always an
else clause or some other way of ensuring that all messages are always dealt with in some way. For example, you could create a variable at the top of your script with the most general binding, then
if blocks to assign a message to a more specific binding if it matches. At the end of the script, assuming no
if condition applies, the
else clause would assign the message to the most general binding.
You can use this function to set the binding to the
default binding. For more information see the section called "The "default" Binding".
ctx parameter is the context containing objects from the callout,
vars is a table containing script variables and
params is a table containing parameters to be passed to this routine.
The defined parameter for
bindingthe name of the binding to assign to. If commas appear, it's a list of bindings, and we pick one at random.


Article VI - Bargaining Units
 1. Unit Elections
 The election shall be completed and the ballots counted within the same voting period fixed by the Local Election Committee as provided in Article V - Elections, section 1(a).
 1. Each unit shall hold a meeting during the month of January at which a Nomination and Election Committee shall be elected and shall receive nominations at the meeting and to supervise elections for Unit Chairperson, Vice-Chairperson, Secretary, delegates and alternate delegates to the Representative Council. At least 15 days' notice of this meeting shall be given by steward distribution, website posting, e-mailing, faxing and selected mailing to each unit member. In conducting the election, the committee shall abide by the relevant provisions of Article V.
 2. Upon the direction of the Executive Committee, the Elections Committee shall make every reasonable effort to implement and supervise workplace and/or electronic balloting for Unit elections.
 3. Except as provided in paragraph (b) above, election shall be by mailed-in ballot when less than 20 percent of the unit membership is present and voting. Elections shall be at the Unit Meeting or by mailed-in ballot at the discretion of the meeting when more than 20 percent of the unit membership is present at the unit meeting.
 4. Unit delegates shall be certified to the Representative Council by the Unit Secretary.
 5. All unit election disputes shall be decided by the Local Election and Referendum Committee.
 6. In elections for unit positions, a plurality and not a majority is necessary only to elect.
 2. Special Unit Meetings
 A special meeting not for the purpose of recall may be called by the Unit Chairperson or Acting Chairperson, but shall be called by the Unit Secretary on receipt of a written petition signed by not fewer than ten percent of the unit membership in good standing at the time of the filing of the petition, but in no case less than five members.
 3. An elected workplace representative may be recalled by the members he/she represents for failing to perform the duties of their office. A recall is initiated by a petition signed by 25 per cent of the members that the workplace representative represents. The petition must provide specific complaints against the workplace representative and be submitted to the Local President.
 4. The Local President shall notify the workplace representative of the complaints and provide a copy of the petition.
The Local Union shall call a special unit meeting with a minimum of seven days' notice with the sole purpose of addressing the specific complaints identified in the petition. A quorum for a recall meeting shall be 50 per cent of the unit members. A two-thirds majority vote of those present shall be required to recall an elected workplace representative. A workplace representative can face recall only once during his/her term of office.
 1. Unit Secretary's Duties
 The Unit Secretary under the direction of the Treasurer shall have charge of the execution of the fiscal provisions of these bylaws as they apply to the members of his or her unit.
 2. Vacancies and By-Elections
 Vacancies in the posts of unit officers or delegates to the Representative Council shall be filled by a unit election at the next meeting.
 3. Minutes of Unit Meetings
 Each unit shall file promptly after each unit meeting, a copy of the minutes of the unit meeting with the Local Secretary.
 4. Honouraria
 The Local shall pay to each Unit Chair an annual honourarium (paid pro-rata if necessary) based on the following scale. Full-time Unit chairs shall not receive the honorarium.
 1 - 99 members: $750
 100 - 199 members: $1,000
 200 - 399 members: $2,000
 400 plus members: $3,000


- Children inspired by yoga
Volcano Pose
If your child is about 4 years old or younger, they will learn new movements by looking at and copying others. Therefore it is best to do Volcano pose with your child or toddler so they can see what to do.
Volcano pose will give your own shoulders and chest a wonderful stretch too.
How to do volcano pose
 1. Find a clear space and encourage your toddler or child to stand opposite you.
 2. Together, curl up really small on the floor, as a 'sleeping volcano'.
 3. Sleep for a few seconds "1, 2, 3…" (count out loud with your child)
 4. Then, suddenly, ERUPT! Come up onto your knees and spread your arms out wide!
 5. Move from one knee to the other or gently twist from side to side to as your volcano continues to shower it's lava everywhere!
The benefits of volcano pose
1. Strengthen arm, leg & core muscles
The movements of this pose promote whole-body strength.
2. Improve balance skills
As you get up quickly up from the floor in volcano pose, you will challenge your balance skills, through stimulating your body senses i.e. your proprioceptive and your vestibular sense. These balance reactions are important not only for sporting activities like football or dance but also for sitting in a good position to write. Children develop mature balance skills at about seven years of age. If your child is younger they will largely be using their sight to keep their balance. It is by moving around and quickly changing position that children progress their abilities so they need not have to rely on looking so much to keep their balance. Unfortunately our own sense of balance slowly deteriorates as we age. We can help to control this by doing activities such as Volcano pose.
3. Gently stretch chest, shoulder & arm muscles
Volcano pose will give you both an opportunity to stretch out your arm, shoulder and chest muscles, just like our growing flower pose last week. Remember this type of pose is great for your child after they have been sitting down for a while.
4. Let off steam!
The explosive movement of volcano pose allows your child to express their emotions. Hence this activity will make a great 'movement break' if your child is getting frustrated with a complex task or problem. Be careful though, do not do the pose too many times as then your child may then find it hard to calm down!
5. Develop imagination & creativity
As your child imagines what shape and colour their volcano will be, they will use their imagination & develop their creative skills. You might ask some questions to help fire their imagination further:
 1. What is the weather like at the top of your volcano today?
 2. Can you see the horizon from up there? What is the landscape around your volcano?
A more challenging volcano pose
If your child is older, guide them to start by squatting on the balls of their feet as a 'sleeping volcano'. Then quickly come up into standing to erupt!
Try to encourage your child to do this without putting their hands on the ground to further refine their balance skills.
Calming down after volcano pose
Volcano is an energising pose! Sometimes children can find it difficult to calm down after their volcano has 'erupted'. Help counteract this by suggesting that your volcano goes back to sleep.
 1. Show your child how to use their hands to push/stroke firmly downwards along their body & limbs as 'flowing lava'. This will provide a calming and regulating deep touch, stimulating their proprioceptive sense.
 2. Move slowly from a high, volcano pose back down into a curled-up, dormant volcano pose (similar to mouse pose).
 3. Suggest to your child that their dormant volcano is now being squashed under a heavy rock and encourage them to imagine this by squeezing themselves into a tight ball.
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text:
For this first title of the Endangered Music Project, Mickey Hart explored the vast repositories of the Library of Congress' American Folklife Center, sorting through hundreds of hours of tapes representing rainforest cultures of the New World. The album, originally released in 1993, represents musics of seven tribal cultures: the Garifune of Belize; the Choco Indians of Panama and Colombia; the Shipibo and the Ashaninka, both of Peru; the Aluku of French Guiana; the Wayana of Suriname, and the Maroons of Jamaica. The music is integrally connected to settings where healing, spiritual forces, and practical knowledge of the forest converge. The Spirit Cries: Music from the Rainforests of South America & the Caribbean was issued in 1993 as part of "THE WORLD" series (now part of the Mickey Hart Collection made available by Smithsonian Folkways).
Visit mickeyhart.net for additional photos and videos from this album
Click to enlarge


text:
sync command. This would be faster than performing a cdr repair
because the cdr repair must scan the data pages in primary key order while the sync does not. The cdr sync/repair features were introduced in 10.x which basically provided the ability to recognize the differences between tables, between multiple nodes within the replication domain, while ER running and take necessary action as instructed.Vijay Lolabattu
In IDS Cheetah release, you can encrypt communication between an HDR pair, to secure the transmission of data over unsecured networks, including the internet. After you enable encryption, the HDR primary encrypts the data before sending it to the HDR Secondary server. The HDR secondary server decrypts the data. Use new ONCONFIG parameter ENCRYPT_HDR to enable encryption between the HDR pair. You can also customized encryption using following parameters.
|Configuration Parameter ||Default value ||Comments/Description |
|ENCRYPT_HDR ||0 ||0 - disable, 1 - enable HDR encryption |
|ENCRYPT_CIPHERS ||allbut: || Defines ciphers and modes that can be used by the current database session. |
The following ciphers are currently supported:
- des (64-bit key), des3 (Triple DES), desx (Extended DES, 128-bit key)
- aes/aes128 (128-bit key), aes192 (192-bit key), aes256 (256-bit key)
- bf-1 Blowfish (64-bit key), bf-2 (128-bit key), bf-3 (192-bit key)
|ENCRYPT_MAC ||medium ||Controls the level of message authentication code (MAC) generation. |
- off - does not use MAC generation.
- low - uses XOR folding on all messages.
- medium - uses SHA1 MAC generation for all messages greater than 20 bytes long
and XOR folding on smaller messages.
- high - uses SHA1 MAC generation on all messages.
|ENCRYPT_MACFILE ||builtin ||A list of the full path names of MAC key files. |
|ENCRYPT_SWITCH ||60,60 ||Defines the frequency (in minutes) at which ciphers, secret keys are renegotiated. |
- To use your own MAC key file
- Execute the following command to generate MAC Key file.
$INFORMIXDIR/bin/GenMacKey -o /usr/informix/etc/MacKey1.dat
- Copy MacKey1.dat over to the paired server
- Update ENCRYPT_MACFILE configuration parameter on both the servers as shown below
- NOTE - HDR and Enterprise Replication (ER) share the same encryption configuration parameters: ENCRYPT_CIPHERS, ENCRYPT_MAC, ENCRYPT_MACFILE and ENCRYPT_SWITCH.
The latest Beta drop of IDS Cheetah
is now available, with some important new features integrated into the code line..
New features available in Beta drop 5 include:
- AIX 64-bit platform build available for download
- Web Feature Service for Spatial Data - Delivers spatial information as a web service for your Service Oriented Architecture
- Label Based Access Control (LBAC) - Control data access at a row and column level using security labels
- Continuous Availability with multiple HDR remote secondary servers
The following Infocenter page has a complete list of new features for each Beta drop: _URL_
From IDS 10.0x onwards, Enterprise Replication
(ER) supports alteroperations on a replicated table while replication is active however, RENAME
support was not one of them but that changes in Cheetah. IDS 11.x willstart supporting RENAME on ER columns, tables and databases. This featuresimplifies DBA tasks and increases data availability. Without this feature, theDBA would have to plan on a time in which ER could be removed from the objectso that the rename could be performed. This would require advanceplanning and scheduling during non-peek hoursfor performing the rename.
When a RENAME operation is performedaffected replicate definitions will be updated to reflect the impact of theRENAME and a control message will be sent to the other servers informing themof the rename. RENAME operation is allowed onlyon a mastered replicate
. It does not propagate the RENAME command itself, there are plans to implement that too inthe future. The user simply will issue a rename DDL statement on each of theservers that are affected by RENAME. If therename is a column or a table, then the replicate will be cycled (cdr stop/start replicate) in much thesame way that occurs with a table ALTER
. If a database rename occurs,however, ER will be cycled (cdr stop/start). This cycling will only occur if the renameaffects something on the local node. In all cases, the rename will causea control message to be sent to the other servers within the replication domainso that the syscdr database
is correctlyupdated.Vijay Lolabattu
Welcome to the IDS Experts Blog, an international team blog authored by IBM software engineers. These experts from the Informix Technical Support and R&D labs will be posting about a variety of topics related to Informix and IDS. A popular topic over the next few months is likely to be the 11.10 release of Informix Dynamic Server currently in Open Beta
If you have suggestions on articles you'd like to see from support or development engineers please add a comment to the blog. Your feedback to this blog goes directly to engineers working on Informix products.[Read More


Three identical stars, at the vertices of an equilateral triangle, orbit about their common center of mass. Find the period of this orbital motion in terms of the orbital radius,r, and the mass of each star,m.Express your answer in terms of the variablesR,M, and appropriate constants.
Get this answer with Chegg Study


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What is a brain Profile?
It is accepted that all human beings are different and have unique ways of understanding the world around them. This means that our minds do not necessarily function or interpret information the same way. With this said, there are implications for how people can be treated and managed because not everyone is the same. The Neethling Brain Instruments (NBI®) is a highly practical and ground breaking set of instruments and questionnaires that will expose an individual's preferred way of thinking and in so doing aid in harnessing the power and development of whole-brain thinking.


Calorific value
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
These pieces of charcoal have a calorific value of 7543 KCal/kg. They burned for almost 4 hours.
The calorific value of a substance is the amount of energy that is released when burning a given amount of the substance. This energy is released in the form of heat, when the substance is burned in standard conditions.


text:
The incidence of congenital anomalies of the uterus has generally been obtained from studies of women undergoing evaluation for infertility, and has been reported as 1-10%. However, the true incidence of uterine malformations is not known. This study reviews hysterosalpingograms obtained for evaluation of tubal closure after transcervical sterilization in normal multiparous women using methylcyanoacrylate and the FEMCEPT device. Of the 840 hysterosalpingograms studied, 16 congenital uterine anomalies were identified, for an incidence of 1.9%. The presence of anomalies in this population of women may more closely represent the incidence of congenital uterine anomalies in the general population.
(C) 1988 The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists


Question: English & Literature
Who is Godbee from Olive's Ocean and what is their importance?
In English & Literature | Asked by bookragstutor
Asked from the Olive's Ocean study pack
Godbee from Olive's Ocean is Martha's grandmother. They don't know one another that well so when she goes to visit Godbee, her grandmother suggests that each day they are together that they tell one thing about themselves to each other. Martha agrees and discovers that they have a lot in common. She also appreciates the fact that her grandmother seems to 'get' her and doesn't ridicule the notion that she wants to be a writer. Godbee is a good study of human nature and is easier with the rules than Martha's parents.
MHood2 | 218 days ago


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This course provides theoretical and practical instruction on wind turbine tower rescue and high angle rescue and personal protective equipment. Students cover the theory and practice of addressing emergent rescue situations in, on and around wind turbines.
Date First Offered:
Total Hours: 35
Lecture Hours: 20
Laboratory Hours: 15
This course is offered online:
- Personal protective equipment utilization and maintenance
- High angle rescue considerations and practice
- Tower rescue practices
- Tower climbing safety practices
Upon successful completion of this course, learners will be able to:
- Identify personal protective equipment components and their application
- Describe safe rescue practices during emergency situations
- Safely climb 100 meter towers
- Participate in high angle rescue procedures
- Engage in partnered rappelling and climbing exercises
- Complete climb and descent procedures
Use initiative to identify tasks.
Use time productively.
Select and use appropriate tools.
Final Exam: 20 %
Quizzes and Tests: 30 %
Lab Work: 20 %
Participation: 30 %
Nature of Participation:
Climb 100 meter tower
Percentage of Individual Work:
Course Offered in Other Programs:
Coveralls, footwear having CSA approved safety-toe protection, CSA approved safety glasses with clear lenses, learning modules, notebooks, and calculator.
Required - BZEE, BZEE Curriculum Manual (BZEE). Chapters Covered: SelectionsAdd Content...


5 Elements to Be Included in Your Project Proposal Cover
5 Elements to Be Included in Your Project Proposal Cover
Let's say you know how to mobilize fund for your NGO and are ready to intrigue the donor with your great proposal; however, you stumbled on your proposal cover and don't know what to include, happens a lot right?
Well, here's the answer; in this article, you'll find the 5 essential elements to include in your proposal cover and finally, you can cross this task from your to-do list.
Making the right proposal cover is crucial to maximizing your chances of getting a donor's fund; the main elements to be included are:
 1. The Name of the Project
 2. Date of Submission
 3. Your NGO Name and Logo
 4. Donor's Name and Logo
 5. Proposed Period for Implementation.
 1. The Name of the Project
Usually, we choose the name of the project after finishing writing the proposal and before sending it to the donor. Due to the importance of the project's name, you should take enough time to think and be convinced by the name as it gives the first impression to the donor and it might increase their focus on the project and prepare them to accept it. Therefore, we advise the proposal writer to choose a good name, taking into consideration the following points:
 - Consistent
 That means the name should be consistent with the project and represent what the project is actually about. Don't name your project "Urgent Medical Aidswhen your project is in fact about delivering food.
 Don't come up with a tricky name just so the donor considers your proposal, because if they did and they found out that the proposal isn't consistent with what they read in the cover, then you are risking not only the refusing of your proposal, but the probability of not being considered for any of your future proposals; and that's a huge cost for such an easy task to consider.
"Don't come up with a tricky name just so the donor considers your proposal"
 - Mentions the Field
 That means the field which the project belongs to such as FoodHealthWater, or any other field or cluster that your proposal falls in.
 The reason you need to do that is because donors often are looking for some fields and not considering others, so if your proposal is within the field that they are funding, then your chances of getting funding is bigger; however, if your proposal isn't, then it'll be hard, if not impossible, to get that funding from that donor.
 - Mentions the Area
 This is important because some donors are interested in some areas more than others, possibly due to an urgent need to cover or because no one is working there and the donor was waiting for someone to come up and do the work there. Many reasons can confirm the importance of mentioning the area so do it; it won't take that long anyway!
 - Brief
 It is preferred not to exceed 6-10 words, and it can be one sentence that consists of one or two parts. The first part consists of 2 to 4 words then (:) then the second, 4-6 words.
 Make sure though it delivers the needed elements like the ones stated above; also ensure it conveys the project and gives a clear picture of what it is.
"Include the field that your proposal belongs to because donors often are looking for specific fields and not considering others"
Examples of the implemented projects' names by local and international organizations:
 - Sanitation Project: Improving sanitation, water, hygiene in Alsood and Alsoodah.
 - Yemen at a Crossroads: Enhance good governance in Yemen.
 - Emergency Response Project for education services in Taiz and Aden
 - Empowerment Project for Local Development in Addis Ababa.
 - Emergency Medical Services Project in Accra.
"It is preferred not to exceed 6-10 words in the title, and it can be one sentence consists of one or two parts"
2. Date of Submission
That is the date of submitting the project to the donor. It's preferred to include it on the project so the donor can see the priority of timing; therefore, the older proposals will be addressed and reviewed first, followed by the new ones, which ensure that you get a response from the donor in accordance with your submission date.
It's also useful to see whether or not the proposal falls in a certain period of time, wherein the donor called for proposals within, or whether it was outside of that period. As such, it should be treated differently.
3. Your NGO's Name and Logo:
Evidently, you should submit your NGO's name; after all, you need to be addressed by the donor and get the funding under your NGO's name if your proposal gets approved.
On the other hand, the name is important for the donor as well to check whether or not both of you have a previous relationship, and if so, how was it? That could shorten a huge amount of time and effort in reviewing and assessing.
 "Having a previous relationship with the donor could shorten a huge amount of time and effort in reviewing and assessing"
For the logo, if your NGO has one, then make sure to put it near your name so the donor recognizes your organization even If the viewer didn't read your NGO's name, as they say, "A picture is worth a thousand words".
If your NGO doesn't' have a logo, it's highly recommended to get one before sending that proposal; your logo should be uniqueconveys your message, and looks trustworthyAfter all, it's your NGO visual message to the viewer.
4. Donor's Name and Logo::
As we mentioned in the previous point, it's important to include your NGO's name and logo, but why would you include the donor's name and logo? At the end the proposal, will be delivered to them anyway right?
Well, yes and no; yes, the proposal should be delivered to the donor, but no, you don't want to omit their name and logo. First of all, because it ensures that the proposal is in the right place.
Second, it delivers the message that you are applying specifically for that donor after going through their qualifications and conditions; thus, you send it to them exclusively and you're not targeting multiple donors with the same proposal, hoping that one of them will just say: "Yes here's the money!" It doesn't work that way, at least we've never heard of such a thing.
"Including the donor's name and logo ensures that the proposal is in the right place"
5. Proposed Period for Implementation:
The period during which the organization proposes to implement the project, you can write it like this (From:1st January 2019 to 31st December 2019), this (1st Jan. 2019 – 31st Dec. 2019), or this (1/1/2019 – 31/12/2019), the moral here is that it's clear and concise.
The reason you need to indicate the project's supposed period is so that the donors can decide whether or not they are interested, because some donors prefer short period projects that can be assessed quicker to determine your NGO capacity and ability of implementation, especially if your NGO is still young or if the relationship itself is still in the early stage with that donor. Another reason can be if the donor is interested in long period projects that can leave a long-term impact on society.
"Some donors prefer short-term projects that can be assessed quicker; others prefer long-term projects that leave an impact on society."
If you don't know what period your proposal have and you are still contemplating, then if your NGO still young and you don't have much accomplishments in the past, then consider a tiny budget project with a shorter period of time. However, if your NGO is large and you've accomplished a lot with this donor or others, you can propose a larger budget and a long-term project that can leave a significant impact on society.
Of course, either period of time
 can be changed based on what occurs during the implementation phase, either in decreasing or increasing the timeframe; you just need to contact your donor first to update them with your progress and to discuss and get the approval for the new time period.
Your proposal cover needs to include the name, date of submission, your NGO name and logo, the donor's name and logo and the proposed period for implementation.
Including these five elements in your proposal cover can maximize your chance to get selected and secure the funding for your project.
We hope you know now what to include in your proposal cover. If so, we'd like you to consider Portal365 to write that proposal.
Writing proposals is difficult and frustrating; that's why we created Portal365 to help you to write better proposals in a shorter time. Give it a try, and start now for FREE!
If you have any inquires or topics you'd like us to discuss, then let's have a conversation.
Good luck, and have a great time.
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text:
What is covered in this training product?
When the need arises to create complex effects and custom setups within your Softimage project, many artists elect to use ICE, a visual programming environment included with Softimage that allows artists and technical directors to create custom solutions for many of the challenges associated with working on visual effects and animation for production.
One of the latest features to be integrated into Softimage, is the amazing Lagoa Multiphysics system. Lagoa can perform many tasks that are useful for achieving complex effects and projects. It can be used to simulate breakable materials, cloth, advected meshes, fluids, and more. Lagoa is completely integrated within Softimage via ICE, in fact, you use it within ICE, making it as much a part of Softimage as any other compounds or effects created inside ICE. Lagoa is not a plugin and there is no additional installation necessary, simply open Softimage as usual and start creating effects immediately.
In this training product, you'll be shown how to work with Lagoa from start to finish. We'll begin your journey into Lagoa by getting started with the basics of Lagoa and understanding all the nodes and properties that comprise a typical range of Lagoa effects. From there, following a healthy series of example projects, you will be shown; creating and working with complex fluid simulations, implementing motion blur with Lagoa correctly, creating soft body effects, creating cloth and mesh advection effects, creating and implementing Lagoa Post Sim Effects, creating multi-phase systems, working with and creating substance materials, using emPolygonizer to mesh your Lagoa effects, creating realistic effects both through physical accuracy and visual aesthetics, and more. As if that wasn't enough, you'll also learn tricks and techniques for optimizing and caching your Lagoa effects and meshes in order to speed things up and get the best interaction with Lagoa that you can. This training product includes all project files and assets needed to follow along with the instructor. Project files require Autodesk Softimage 2012.
- · 01_Overview
- · 02_Your_First_Lagoa_Effect
- · 03_Anatomy_of_Lagoa
- · 04_Lagoa_Particle_Emission
- · 05_Lagoa_Forces
- · 06_Lagoa_Materials_Pressure
- · 07_Lagoa_Materials_Elasticity
- · 08_Lagoa_Collisions
- · 09_Fluid_Example_Part_01
- · 10_Fluid_Example_Part_02
- · 11_Fluid_Example_Part_03
- · 12_Caching_Lagoa_Particles
- · 13_Caching_Polygonizer_Meshes
- · 14_Rendering_with_Motion_Blur
- · 15_Soft_Bodies_Example_Part_01
- · 16_Soft_Bodies_Example_Part_02
- · 17_Soft_Bodies_Example_Part_03
- · 18_Lagoa_Cloth
- · 19_Lagoa_Mesh_Advection
- · 20_Advanced_Lagoa_Example_Part_01
- · 21_Advanced_Lagoa_Example_Part_02
- · 22_Lagoa_Post_Sim_Effects_Part_01
- · 23_Lagoa_Post_Sim_Effects_Part_02
- · 24_Lagoa_Multi-Phase_Systems_Part_01
- · 25_Lagoa_Multi-Phase_Systems_Part_02
Total Running Time 3 Hours and 40 Minutes


Certified Computer Fundamentals MS Office Professional Learning Resources Move an image
Learning Resources
Move an image
Examples of moving handles
Moving handles for different types of graphics:
Callout 1 An image "from file."
Callout 2 The drawing canvas with a drawing on it.
As with resizing, the same basic principle applies to moving most types of graphics: You select the image, and then drag it into position.
Unlike resizing, there are some minor variations, depending on the type of graphic:
 - For images on the drawing canvas, you can move both the drawing canvas and the image. Position the pointer over the image or over the border of the drawing canvas (if the drawing canvas isn't visible, click the image and it will appear). When the four-headed arrow Pointer image appears, you can drag the image or the drawing canvas.
 - For images not on the drawing canvas, the four-headed arrow does not appear. However, as soon as you begin to drag the image, a small box Pointer and move box appears next to the pointer and a special insertion point appears on the same line of text as the pointer to help guide your positioning. This is especially helpful if you're positioning an image near or inside text, as you'll see in the following section.
 - For diagrams (including organization charts), you need to select the diagram, and then position the pointer over the its border. When the four-headed arrow Pointer image appears, you can drag the diagram.


text:
Procedures for Administering the SIR II™ Survey
Refer to the materials listed below as you prepare to administer the SIR II™ Student Instructional Report survey.
The SIR II online and e-SIR surveys are administered via the Internet, through collaboration with ETS.
SIR II paper-and-pencil surveys are administered by faculty during class time. ETS will mail survey questionnaires to your institution. Within 15 business days after receiving your completed questionnaires, ETS will mail your survey reports.
To process completed surveys, complete the SIR II Processing Request Form and fax it to ETS. Please also return a copy of the form with your completed surveys.
Guidelines for Survey Administration
The following guidelines are recommended for administering the SIR II Student Instructional Report and based on research studies of SIR and SIR II survey administrations since 1972.
- Students should be instructed to respond fairly and to work independently.
- They should also be assured that their responses are anonymous.
Timing of Administering the Survey
- Evaluations should be made during the last week or two of classes.
- Faculty can increase participation rates if students are required to complete the survey before receiving their final grades.
- Results should not be given back to instructors until they have graded students in the course.
- Instructors and others who may have administered the forms should refrain from reading the forms until course grades have been assigned.
Tips for Paper-and-Pencil Administration
- Many institutions have a student helper or another staff member distribute, collect and package the surveys in a sealed envelope.
- The instructor should be absent during the administration, which takes about 15 minutes of class time.
- Mailing the forms to students usually results in a poor response rate.
Serving Students with Disabilities
The SIR II survey should be administered following the same accommodation procedures you normally use when testing students with disabilities. Appropriate arrangements are needed to ensure the confidentiality of each student's responses and to promote all students' participation in evaluating instructor performance.
For example, students with vision disabilities may wish to respond to the SIR II survey on their own computers with a text file of the survey instrument that can be presented in audio format using screen reader software such as JAWS® or Window-Eyes. You might also recruit an unbiased individual to read the questions aloud and mark down the student's responses.
For more information about the SIR II survey, contact an ETS Advisor.


text:
In 70-80% of cases, as a rule, the breakdown is insignificant and charge will be about $165-195
We will not charge you for labor if the problem will be just with circuit breakers, lost power, damaged power outlet, clogged sewerage and etc.
We Service All Major Brands & Models
Microwave Oven Common Problems
If the microwave door does not open, the door opening mechanism has failed. To find the place of breakdown, it is best to give the microwave oven to a service center or go to specialists from Fuse Appliance Repair. I do not advise you to try to open the door with effort. You can damage both the door itself and cause additional damage to the mechanism of its opening.
- Rotary table.
The small power of the electric motor of constant rotation of the turntable in the microwave oven is not uncommon for these motors, since they wear out with age.
Sometimes the breakdown will be unexpected and the turntable will stop. But sometimes the engine starts to make strange noises, which indicate the impending trouble.
- Failure of the exhaust fan.
Like the rotary table, the exhaust fan is powered by a small motor that runs constantly. Sometimes the fan motor and the table are common. The failure of the electric motor of the fan often occurs suddenly, and sometimes they break down gradually, making some strange and unusual sounds in the process of work.
- Malfunction of mixer motor.
The mixer in your microwave oven is a small metal blade that continuously rotates, while the oven is running. The purpose of the mixer is to make sure that the microwave energy in the oven is evenly distributed. This helps to prevent uneven cooking or heating food.
As with the exhaust fan and the turntable, the mixer motor breaks down gradually, producing unusual sounds during operation. The impending breakdown of the mixer motor can often be accompanied by a strange grinding noise.
- Problems with the magnetron.
Magnetron can be considered the heart of a microwave oven. It generates microwave radiation, which prepares food. This happens by converting electricity into microwave energy of the appropriate frequency.
A good magnetron works almost silently. But as soon as the end of their working life comes to an end, they start to make strange sounds. The noise of a defective magnetron can range from a rather shrill howling to growling or rumbling.
You should know that if the furnace magnetron has already begun to emit these noises, then this is not dangerous. But it is a sure sign of an impending breakdown. Call the wizard as soon as you start to notice these sounds, and he will help you avoid the failure of the microwave oven at an inconvenient time.
This problem begins to manifest itself due to untimely care of the microwave, traces of fat and food accumulate on the walls of the microwave and it starts to spark, all microwaves have a mica plate that is a dielectric, that is, a material through which any radio waves easily pass. For the mica is installed magnetron, with the help of which our food is heated. As a rule, when the microwave begins to spark, then the mica and the magnetron cup are burnt, but there are also cases when the magnetron itself breaks down, so if your microwave sparkled, do not turn it on any more, and replace the mica and Check the magnetron cap.
The paint on the inside of the microwave oven can be chamfered. If the paint is beveled, the inner metal will be opened, resulting in a microwave sparking or blowing. Check the inside of the microwave oven in any places where the paint has broken away. If there are damaged spots, touch them with the microwave oven's paint.
Most microwave ovens have internal lighting that turns on when they are warmed up or when the door is opened. This light is not necessary for microwave operation, but it is much more convenient to use with it. If the bulb in the microwave is burnt out, you can carefully disassemble the microwire and replace the bulb or consult technicians from Fuse Appliance Repair.
Every thing, be it an electrical appliance or some kind of mechanism, has its expiry date and resource of work. In our world there is nothing eternal and the magnetron is no exception. The resource of operation of the magnetron directly depends on the mode of its operation. The more intensive the microwave oven, the less the magnetron will serve. In the course of long operation, the magnetron "ages and wears out", resulting in such a malfunction as the loss of cathode emission, i.e. The cathode region is depleted with time, and it loses its ability to emit electrons into the working region, which causes the magnetron to stop working. The second malfunction that can occur during long operation is a break in the filament. In this case, you can give an example of an ordinary incandescent lamp, no matter how much it would not shine to you, sooner or later, it will still burn out. As a result of the breakage of the filament, approximately the same situation arises as in the first case. The cathode is not heated, hence – there is no emission. These two malfunctions are often encountered in practice, and if we theorize theoretically, we can assume that a third malfunction occurs as a result of a prolonged operation of the furnace – this is a failure of the magnetic system of the magnetron. In the event of a malfunctioning of the magnetic system, the electrons will simply fly from the cathode to the anode, they will not "circulate" along the anode surface and the microwave oscillations in the resonators will not arise. In practice, it was in magnetrons that I did not see this, but it was found in other devices containing permanent magnets. From time or under the influence of external factors, a permanent magnet can lose its properties (demagnetize).
Warning: A microwave oven can store a deadly amount of electricity (up to 5000 volts) in its high-voltage capacitor even after the microwave oven is disconnected from the mains. It is therefore extremely important to replace the electronic components in the microwave oven, only a licensed technical can lock them).
Another very common malfunction of the magnetron is the breakdown of the pass-through capacitors of the magnetron filter. Check it out, the same simple, by the same tester. In the resistance measurement mode, you need to touch the probes of the device with one of the power terminals of the magnetron and its housing. If the device shows "infinity" – the capacitors are in good order (bottom picture). If the device shows any resistance, then one of the capacitors is broken or in a leak. If there are other serviceable capacitors, they can simply be replaced, if not, then it is better to replace the magnetron with a known good.
- Door switch
There are many reasons why your microwave oven does not turn on, one of which can be a faulty door switch. A door switch, known as a lock switch, signals to other microwave components to start the power supply when the door is closed and stop when the door is opened. For this reason, everything else can appear in working order, but the microwave will not start to heat up. To access the door switch or the lock switch, turn off the microwave oven and remove the cabinet. The switches have terminals designated C for general and NO for normally open. Check each terminal with a multimeter to ensure continuity. If at the time there is, then it means that the switch is working. If there is no circuit, replace the switch. You can also take this opportunity to make sure that the door hooks work correctly.
- Ceramic fuse
If your microwave oven does not start and the display is empty and does not respond, the problem may be related to the ceramic fuse. This part protects other microwave components from power fluctuations and leads to a total loss of power when it fails, that is, your microwave oven will not work. To access the ceramic fuse located inside the cabinet next to the power cord, first turn off the microwave oven. Use a multimeter to check the integrity of the fuse. If you are aware of the cause of a fuse failure, such as opening or closing a microwave door, you can also check the door switch to make sure it works. If you do not know the cause of the fuse failure, you can test other microwave parts, such as a magnetron, a high voltage diode, a capacitor and a transformer.
- Thermal fuse or cut-out
The problem with a thermal fuse or cutout can be the reason that your microwave oven does not turn on. Thermoswitches, also known as thermal fuses, help to keep the furnace from overheating. When the heat outputs do not work, your microwave oven does not turn on as a precaution so that it does not heat up. To access the thermal switches, first turn off the microwave oven, and then remove the cabinet. After you find the thermal fuse, disconnect its wires from the terminals. Use the multimeter to check for continuity and replace the thermal cutouts if there is no continuity. Take this opportunity to also check if the cooling fan is working, or to cause the microwave to overheat, shutting off the airflow.
- Door Latch
Your microwave oven may not start due to a problem with the door latch. Most of the door latches are made of plastic hooks that stick out of the door and lock the door switch when the door is closed, signaling the rest of the controls to turn on the microwave. If the hooks are damaged or do not have tension due to worn springs, the switch will not click, which means that the microwave oven does not turn on. To gain access to the door latch, first unplug the microwave oven from the power source and remove the inner door panel


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Despite increasing average real family incomes in Costa Rica in the late 1990s and early 2000s, poverty rates did not fall. In this paper, we argue that during this period economic growth in Costa Rica did not translate into reduced poverty because of changes in family structure and in the labor market, and that these changes had an important gender dimension. Specifically, an increase in the proportion of Costa Rican households headed by single mothers led to an increase in the number of women with children entering the labor force. Many of these mothers, new entrants to the labor force, were unable or unwilling to find full-time work in the high-paying formal sector, and ended up unemployed or working part-time as self-employed workers. These labor market phenomena, in turn, contributed to low incomes for households vulnerable to poverty, especially those households headed by single mothers.
Poverty single mothers employment wages Central America Costa Rica


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Louis Washkansky (1913-67)
Louis Washkansky was a Lithuanian Jew who moved to South Africa in 1922 and became a grocer. Although he participated in sport and led a healthy lifestyle, he was diabetic and suffered from an incurable heart disease, resulting in three heart attacks which led to congestive heart failure.
Washkansky was the recipient of the first successful human heart transplant on 3 December 1967. He received the heart of a young woman, Denise Darvall, who had been critically injured in a car accident. His ground-breaking surgery was performed by Christiaan Barnard, who immediately became famous around the world.
Even though Washkansky died 18 days after he received his transplant, his surgery was considered a success and while many other heart transplant patients died after a short period of time in the early period of transplant surgery, advances in drug therapy and surgical techniques have provided a longer life for recipients.


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|Zimmerman, Ariel -|
|Lampson, Brittany -|
Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: December 15, 2010
Publication Date: N/A
Technical Abstract: Many Hemipteran insects communicate through substrate-borne vibrations produced by a diversity of stridulatory structures. Examples are presented of stridulations produced by different structures of two little-studied Hemipterans, a Rhopalid, Jadera haematoloma, and a pentatomid, Euschistus servus. The functional roles of these stridulations and potential uses of such information in pest management are discussed.


In this 45-60 minute high-stakes board game, everyone wins or everyone loses. As they play, groups of three to four children ages 8 to 13 build an understanding of how human actions impact global change. As teams, children play a game in which chance and choice determine the fate of a lone polar bear on an ice floe.


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Automation with dsClient Terminal
One of the automation options provided by dsTest is controlling dsClient Terminal with scripts. This allows you to develop automation scripts in the tool of your choice and embed dsClient command execution. You can read more about all of the features provided for test automation in Automated Testing Support.
You'll find examples using several scripting languages in /usr/local/devsol/dsTest/lib/.
The –c option enables you to specify a command as part of invoking dsClient:
dsClient -c
In this usage dsClient executes the specified command, prints any response received from dsTest to standard out and then exits.
Note that the dsTest commands must be enclosed in quotes if there is a space character in the command.
dsClient -c "hlr:example_hlr start"
starts the HLR Node named example_hlr
dsClient -c "wait 1000"
causes the a wait period of one second
dsClient -c "hlr:example_hlr action event::cancel rate::10"
starts a cancel event at the rate of 10 events per-second on the HLR node example_hlr
The following examples are commands using TCL exec:
The examples below use the variable $dsClient, which equates to /usr/local/devsol/bin/dsClient.
exec $dsClient -d -c " start"
sends a start command to the node node_name on the dsTest server at IP_address
exec $dsClient -d -c "source ConfigFile.xml"
sources the file ConfigFile.xml on the dsTest server at IP_address
exec $dsClient -d -c "diameter socket ip_address "
sets the diameter socket IP address to IP_Address_2 on the node named Node_Name on the dsTest server at IP_Address
Refer to Commands and Syntax for more information about the syntax used to address elements, attributes, and values.


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VIDELLO - Set up a Dynamic Variable with GetResponse
1. In your video add the dynamic tag i.e. [name] inside your text. You may use apps like Lower Third, Button, and other apps where you can write a text.
2. Login to your GetResponse account and create an email.
In your email template you can use personalize placeholders like [[name]] to show the name of the user inside the email message.
3. Create a link in your email template which you use to redirect you subscribers to the page where your video is embedded.
if your webpage is you should use[[name]]
Choose files or drag and drop files
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Time-discretization approximation enriches continuous-time discrete-space models for animal movement
Speaker: Josh Hewitt (Duke University, North Carolina, USA)
Joint CREEM / Statistics Division seminar
Continuous-time discrete-space (CTDS) processes for animal movement model trajectories across discretely observed spatial domains, which arise via gridded remote sensing products in 2D, or via underwater sound propagation models in 3D. CTDS models are approximately estimated from finite observations of animal location because the exact likelihood has O(N^3) computational complexity, where N is the size of the spatial domain. The usual approximation averages estimates from multiple imputations of the complete, unobserved trajectory. However, imputations typically discretize output from continuous-space surrogate models that do not account for complex boundaries like coastlines and bathymetry. As a result, parameter and location estimates may be biased by imputations that are inconsistent with respect to physical barriers. We remedy this issue by proposing a discrete-time likelihood approximation. We also develop additional theory and interpretation for CTDS model formulation, which supports the approximation. We demonstrate the improvement of the discrete-time approximation in simulation. We also demonstrate improvement in application, by combining GPS locations and depth measurements with bathymetry data to refine estimates of a beaked whale's position during exposure to anthropogenic sound.


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Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
A spot beam, in telecommunications parlance, is a satellite signal that is specially concentrated in power so that it will only cover a limited geographic area. Spot beams are used so that only earth stations in a particular intended reception area can properly receive the satellite signal.
One notable example of the use of spot beams is on direct broadcast satellite systems such as DirecTV and DISH Network that deliver local broadcast television via satellite only to viewers in the part of North America from which those terrestrial broadcast stations originate.
The contents of this article is licensed from _URL_ under the GNU Free Documentation License. Click here to see the transparent copy and copyright details


The coronavirus pandemic has had a massive effect on schools around Berkshire.
There have been numerous cases of pupils being sent home after positive coronavirus tests since the start of the pandemic.
Some schools have also had to close completely for deep cleaning and others have had to send massive amounts of pupils into self-isolation.
For example, at the time of writing there are around 200 pupils at Maiden Erlegh School in Silverdale Road, Earley, who have been sent home after positive tests there, prompting one parent to question why schools are open at all.
Managing schools has been extremely difficult for headteachers and staff, especially as the future of 2021's GCSE and A level exams remains uncertain.
What the uncertainty has prompted is parents in towns like Reading, Windsor, Maidenhead, Bracknell, Wokingham and Slough, to question whether the pandemic might have any impact on the Christmas holidays.
BerkshireLive email updates: We bring the stories to you
BerkshireLive put the question to the Department for Education.
A spokesperson said there are measures in place which do allow schools to change their holidays if they feel the need. They said any changes to holidays would have to be agreed with the local authority.
For example, a school in Berkshire could add a week to its Christmas holidays if it felt the need, but it would mean shortening another holiday like Easter to balance out.
But the spokesperson stressed, in terms of government policy, there are no plans at all to have a blanket change to the Christmas holidays.
They said: "We are prioritising children's and young people's education and wellbeing, by keeping nurseries, schools, colleges and universities open.
"The Chief Medical Officer remains of the view that schools should remain open, and has highlighted the damage caused by not being in education to children's learning, development and mental health.
"There are no plans for schools to break up for Christmas early."
Local authorities in Berkshire also said they would follow government guidelines on any changes, but stressed there were no plans at the moment from any school.


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RA Conservation services aim to produce a tailored approach to each conservation project. We will conduct a thorough analysis of the condition and environment of your historic building and objects, before starting on any practical work.
Find out more about RA Conservation Services under the headings below or complete the contact form to submit an enquiry. We would love to discuss your project with you.
Cleaning historical items requires a careful approach using specialist equipment, skills and conservation ethics.
RA Conservation offers expert, practical cleaning of the following materials:
- Stained glass
We also offer training workshops in appropriate techniques for cleaning historic objects
It is essential to understand a historic building, object or collection before working on it to ensure it receives the best care.
RA Conservation provides the following:
- Condition reports
- Conservation reports
- Statements of significance
- Statements of need
Such reports are required to support grant applications, applications for faculty and applications for listed building consent.
The environment, like damp and heating, has a huge impact on the preservation of our historic fabric potentially causing it to degrade.
Using environmental monitoring equipment and visual assessment, RA Conservation analyses the impact of environmental factors on your collection.
- Heating systems
- Building envelope
We also offer simple suggestions and solutions for improving the environmental conditions within your building.
Support and training
With limited funding and staff, managing conservation and repair projects within historic buildings and collections is challenging. RA Conservation offers support with the following:
- Grant sourcing and applications
- Listed building or faculty consent applications
- Interpretation and photography of your interiors
- Training in conservation cleaning and handling
Don't be daunted by large projects, let RA Conservation help.
Keeping on top of the maintenance and management of your historic property and collections aids its longterm preservation. RA Conservation will help to you to produce:
- A maintenance plan which will work for your building all year round
- Bespoke calendars to keep on top of cleaning
- A photographic record and log to monitor the condition of historic objects
These actions ensure that small issues don't become big ones, and save costs in the long-run.


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Reporting on the State of the North American Environment
The North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation obliges the Secretariat of the Commission for Environmental Cooperation to "periodically address the state of the environment in the territories of the Parties."
To meet this obligation, the Secretariat has developed this report—The North American Mosaic: An Overview of Key Environmental Issues—with the support of environmental reporting experts from the governments of Canada, Mexico and the United States. This report describes current environmental conditions and trends across North America. The breadth and diversity of the subject are astounding: from tiny invasive zebra mussels to global greenhouse gases measured by the teragram; from the last remaining vaquita porpoises to vast expanses of boreal forests and marine ecosystems; from invisible molecules of toxic chemicals to the all-too-visible smog and haze that blanket our cities from time to time.
As a mosaic of existing information, this report prompts us to consider the following questions:
The Commission for Environmental Cooperation welcomes your feedback .
- What are the central environmental challenges confronting North America?
- What are the greatest priorities for cooperative action among our three countries to address these environmental challenges?
- How can we measure our progress and create effective feedback mechanisms?
- How can we enhance the relevance of trinational cooperation through the Commission for Environmental Cooperation?
The 14 environmental issue papers may be downloaded individually as PDF files:


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I have an entity and I've realised that there is a group of properties that work together. So, I moved them to a value object (together with their behavior) and now I have a reference from my entity to this value object.
I've read "Domain Driven Design Quickly" (PDF) and I came across the following statement when explaining Value objects:
If Customer is an entity object, then one instance of this object, representing a specific bank client, cannot be reused for account operations corresponding to other clients. The outcome is that such an instance has to be created for every client. This can result in system performance degradation when dealing with thousands of instances.
But I'm still not clear exactly what this means. Is my new object a value object or should it be an entity? I am having trouble reasoning whether it should in fact be an entity. In other words, what questions should I ask in my domain to assure me that it should be a value object?
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To expand on the answer by ques, a value object does not have a surrogate identity such as a customer number, but the object itself is its own natural identity.
Take an address for example. All addresses are unique, and the various components of an address (number, street name etc) make up the addresses identity. When you move house, you don't pick up your address, change the number on the door and take it with you, you get a new address. As such value objects don't change - they are immutable. However you could have 2 or more customers living at the same address, in which case the address value is reusable - it is not tied to a single customer entity.
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Thanks Matt for replying. I am starting to understand what a value object is but my question was more to do with the paragraph I read in the pdf mentioned above. The paragraph talks mentions "cannot be reused for account operations" and "performance degradation". This is what confused me as I don't know what it is referring to. Can you help clear it up? – JD01 Dec 19 '11 at 11:15
The can not be reused part mens that you can not use one object for multiple purposes because each of them is an individual for itself. For each client in a bank you have to create his own account (you cant share this informations between more clients) the performance part means that if you have a lot of these "individuals" you are going to end up with a lot of them which first of all can fill up your memmory and secondly you will lose a lot of time for the creation of each of them. – Ivan Crojach Karačić Dec 19 '11 at 11:36
_USER_: Thank you. When I first read it I kept thinking about my data model and did I kept thinking of value objects as reference object (i.e not immutable) which is something I should not do in DDD. – JD01 Dec 19 '11 at 12:43
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The key property of a Value Object it that it has no identity. It is defined only by it's attributes, and any other instance with identical attribute values can be substituted.
Los Techies had a good explanation on their blog a while back, and it has been asked on StackOverflow.
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GNU MP is a library for arbitrary precision arithmetic, operating on signed integers, rational numbers, and floating point numbers. It has a rich set of functions, and the functions have a regular interface. GNU MP is designed to be as fast as possible, both for small operands and for huge operands. The speed is achieved by using fullwords as the basic arithmetic type, by using fast algorithms, by carefully optimized assembly code for the most common inner loops for a lots of CPUs, and by a general emphasis on speed (instead of simplicity or elegance). The speed of GNU MP is believed to be faster than any other similar library. The advantage for GNU MP increases with the operand sizes for certain operations, since GNU MP in many cases has asymptotically faster algorithms.


text: D.M.L.T. DMLT is the application of laboratory techniques to find out the cause of disease. Clinical laboratory testing is regarded as one of the several important sources of clinical data essential for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of disease. A clinical laboratory medicine involves all aspects of medicines ranging from the field of biochemistry, microbiology, hematology, immunology, clinical microscopy, biophysics, cyto-genetics to iso-topology etc. The functional components of the clinical laboratory are: * Clinical Pathology * Hematology * Clinical Biochemistry * Clinical Microbiology and Serology * Blood Bank * Histology and Cytology The functions of clinical pathology laboratory is to perform qualitative and quantitative analysis on body fluids such as blood (serum, plasma) urine, sputum, faces, cerebrospinal fluids (CSF), other body fluids, tissues and calculi.


You do not have to be at the top of your class to obtain a clerkship. History has shown that Cornell Law School graduates in every quartile of the class have obtained federal and state court clerkships.
However, you do have to be realistic about your chances. You need to assess your credentials, think about your geographic location, and the likely level of competition for the clerkships you desire. Note that some judges have very individualistic criteria, such as a preference for clerks who went to their alma mater or who will remain to practice in the community.
Between the time that you apply and the time that a judge considers your application, many months may pass. Whenever you receive new grades or wish to share a major accomplishment (like winning a moot court competition or having a note published), be sure to update all of the judges to whom you've applied. You can send judges updates by uploading new materials to a finalized application on OSCAR or by sending the judge a short, professional letter. This will provide the judge with useful information, evidence your continued interest in the position, and demonstrate your professionalism.


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Effective in version 10.4.0, you can configure resources to extract metadata about data sources or other resources in the catalog referenced by the resource. Examples include source and target tables in PowerCenter mappings, and source tables and files from Tableau reports. These referenced data sources are referred to as Reference Resources and the assets included in the data sources are referred to as reference assets. You can view the reference resources and reference assets in Enterprise Data Catalog applications. To view the complete lineage in Enterprise Data Catalog, you can perform connection assignments for the reference resources. You can perform connection assignments between the reference resources and the resources you configure in Enterprise Data Catalog for the reference resource data sources.
You can configure the following resources to extract metadata about data sources or other resources in the catalog referenced by the resource:
Informatica Intelligent Cloud Services
SQL Server Integration Service
For more information, see the
Informatica 10.4.0 Catalog Administrator Guide
Informatica 10.4.0 Enterprise Data Catalog User Guide.


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The Open University and the University of Southampton are currently exploring a potential partnership, to create a nutrition programme for health workers, based on open educational resources that can be delivered as face to face, distance learning or e-learning in Africa. The proposal builds on the expertise and experience in both organisations in the field of nutrition education and training and delivering international programmes with partners in Africa.
There is a clear and urgent need for basic education and capacity building to address the critical nutrition issues in Africa to help meet the Millennium Development Goals in the next four years and to improve the health of populations beyond 2015. Critical areas to focus on include effective management of severe acute malnutrition, proactive nutrition data collection and analysis, and the planning and management of effective supplementary and targeted feeding programmes.
The University of Southampton has significant experience in terms of its international experience in the field of nutrition in developing countries and in delivering programmes with practical application on the ground, including at postgraduate level. The Open University's HEAT team has been working with nutrition experts in Ethiopia to create a distance learning Nutrition Module of around 35 hours of learning, which is published under a creative commons licence – so it is free for anyone to access, use, and adapt to meet local needs. Both organisations have extensive networks with academics, practitioners and organisations working in the field of nutrition education in developing regions.
Although discussions are still at a fairly early stage, both institutions are keen to secure funding for the development of a nutrition programme aimed at up-skilling nurse practitioners in key aspects of nutrition education, planning and management. Working with African nutrition experts and educators, the University of Southampton and the OU will support the development of up-to-date, relevant and urgently needed learning resources. The programme team will draw on and adapt existing resources developed by the OU's HEAT team and the University of Southampton to create a set of open educational learning resources which can be integrated within existing programmes in Africa as well as contribute to new pathways for continuing professional development. All of the resources will be developed as distance learning materials, which can also be delivered as part of face-to face teaching programmes.