text:
- Brand new surgical instruments must be cleaned before the first sterilization.
- Hemostats Forceps must be cleaned in the open state.
- Before sterilization, when compiling the operation baskets the grid lock/ratchet should be closed only in first gear. This will avoid that the instruments during sterilization (temperature increases to 134 °C) are under tension and stress fractures occur in the conclusion.
- Handover of instruments during operation will be improved.
- Sterilization is not a substitute for cleanliness!
Results of improper treatment
Internal corrosive stress crack
Perforating corrosion caused by chlorides


text:
When a disaster strikes, people want to help. One thing those affected by the disaster don't need is the logistical nightmare that is created when a surge of unsolicited donations pour into their communities and overwhelm those tasked with recovery. This phenomenon is often referred to as the "second disaster."
If you'd like to get involved, before or after a disaster, here are some ways to do so:
Cash donations allow trusted organizations responding to a disaster or emergency event to quickly and efficiently meet the needs of survivors. View a list of voluntary agencies who are often active in disaster response in Iowa. Charity Navigator is also a valuable resourcefor learning more about how to give wisely during a crisis.
As mentioned above, financial contributions are often preferred during a disaster. However, companies and organizations that can match a specific need during an emergency or have access to large volumes of items that may benefit disaster-affected Iowans are encouraged to contact the Iowa Disaster Human Resource Council.
Information courtesy of ReadyIowa.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
- This article is about the fleet of Time Ships. For the novel of the same name, see The Time Ships.
The Time Ships were a type of massive Time Machine built by the Universal Constructors in an alternate timeline. Like their predecessor, The Time Machine, the ships were capable of free travel through time in any direction. The ships appear to made solely from plattnerite itself. However, these Time Ships were far superior to earlier Time Machines, being capable of traveling further back in time than the beginning of the universe, and beyond that point they were able to perceive different timelines from the beginning. As such, the Time Ships were capable of traveling from timeline to timeline at will.
The Universal Constructors, along with The Time Traveler and Nebogipfel, were taken along for the fleet's maiden voyage, transformed into Constructors themselves. On that voyage, the Constructors were able to enter and create a new timeline which would become both infinite and entirely filled with sentience. (The Time Ships)


Skip to content Skip to sidebar Skip to footer
YNGWIE MALMSTEEN: Biography, Guitars, and Pedals
Guitarists Shredders
Yngwie Malmsteen, is a renowned Swedish guitarist, member of the club known as " Shredders ", such as Joe Satriani, Steve Vai, or Eddie Van Halen, among others. The technique known as Shred began to be performed in the 80s, and it is mainly about the execution of passages with a high level of complexity, technique, and speed. We could call them the guitar jugglers.
Yngwie Malmsteen: Biography
The musical style of shredders is usually Heavy, but shredders may exist in other musical styles such as country, jazz-fusion, and blues.
Basically, if we are able to make continuous and complex phrases on the guitar, and at high speed, we become shredders.
Where the Shred technique is most often used is in instrumental themes in the style of Heavy Rock, Heavy Metal, or Neoclassical Metal. Precisely Yngwie Malmsteen was one of the most influential musicians in the creation of this subgenre of Metal known as Neoclassical Metal, although he was not the first. Malmsteen himself was inspired by the music of this style, which he was already beginning to perform by the group Deep Purple. Being this band the pioneer in compositions of this style.
Needing for its interpretation, a certain degree of virtuosity, and strong musical knowledge for the development of its composition.
Yngwie Malmsteen Biography
Lars Johan Yngwie Lannerbäck was born in Stockholm in 1963, and his interest in the electric guitar came to him when he was only 7 years old while he was watching a television program, which was about the death of Jimi Hendrix, and where some performances of the great guitarist were reproduced.
From that moment on, Yngwie became seriously interested in the electric guitar. Although he also became a great teacher with acoustic and Spanish guitar. Finding a calling that has kept you busy too this day.
Although Malmsteen was very given to playing the guitar with his teeth and breaking the guitar like Jimi, his greatest musical reference was not Hendrix, but Ritchie Blackmore, guitarist of Deep Purple. Spending long hours of his teens practicing with his music.
At the age of 15, he decided to abandon his studies to dedicate all his efforts to the guitar and music. His mother and sister, a talented flutist, recognized his musical gifts, and gave him their full support, making rapid progress thanks to his great dedication.
Yngwie and Classical Music
But not only did the guitar occupy his hours, but influenced by his sister, he studied classical music. Expanding his musical references to Bach, Beethoven, Vivaldi, or Mozart, managing to understand the most complex musical structures.
According to Malmsteen himself, when he was 16 his parents came to worry about him. Since he hardly ate, he left the house or saw his friends. For him, there was only music and guitar.
In his early adolescence, Yngwie, watching on television the performance of a work by the virtuoso violinist Niccolo Paganini, understood how to combine classical music with his skills as a guitarist. Adapting fingering techniques from the violin to the guitar, clearly defining his style. In fact, Yngwie Malmsteen is also known as the Paganini of the electric guitar.
Yngwie Malmsteen and the Scalloped Masts
In his youth, he worked for a time as a luthier in a guitar repair shop, where he learned about scalloped or scalloped necks, thanks to a lute with this characteristic. Intrigued by the result this quality could have on his music, Yngwie festooned the fretboard of an old guitar and was so impressed with the musical results that he decided to try it out on his own equipment.
Fingerboard Neck Guitar Scaled
The stepped neck is somewhat more complex to play than a standard neck, as the fret grooves force a more subtle and precise touch to prevent notes from sounding out of tune. But improving the speed of execution, adopting this alteration of the instrument permanently in his guitar equipment.
Yngwie understands that maintaining his stay in Sweden would be very difficult to develop his Heavy Metal style. For this reason, he recorded some demos and sent them to various record companies in the United States. One of them came to the hands of Mike Varney, who, impressed by the virtuosity of the musician, decided to invite him to Los Angeles to join the band Steeler as a guitarist. And with only 18 years he left for the United States and joined the band.
Malmsteen Joins the Alcatrazz Band
After recording an album with Steeler, he joined the Alcatrazz group with whom he also recorded a single album ( No Parole from Rock 'N Roll ), in which Malmsteen composed most of the songs. Starting to be recognized as one of the best guitarists of the moment.
Solo career
Yngwie needed to explore his music beyond the limits allowed by a group consisting of several musicians each with his own opinion. So he takes advantage of the success and recognition generated by Alcatrazz, to start his solo career with the publication in 1984 of the album Rising Force. Considered the Holy Grail of Neoclassical Metal.
Since then he has not stopped releasing records to the market, practically once a year, demonstrating his creative ability.
Serious Car Accident
Three years after the release of his first album, about to turn 24, Yngwie suffers a serious accident with his luxurious Jaguar. Causing him a strong head trauma, which keeps him in a coma for a week.
Upon awakening, he realizes that he cannot move his right arm, as a result of the consequences suffered by the strong blow to the head. Fearing for his career, he rushed into rehab therapy. Achieving in a miraculous way, fully regain arm mobility. Returning with his band a year and a half after the accident.
In 1997, and after months of intense work, he produced his first work with a symphony orchestra ( Concerto Suite for Electric Guitar and Orchestra ), demonstrating his technical and musical abilities. Making a well-deserved niche for this great instrument in the highest musical categories.
Yngwie Malmsteen, Guitars and Pedals
His main instrument is the Fender Stratocaster with DiMarzio HS4 and HS3 bridge pickups, with double superimposed windings. In other words, it is a humbucker but instead of having two parallel coils, it has them superimposed for a better mounting on a Stratocaster.
Later it was switched to the Seymour Duncan YJM, which are the ones that the Fender Signature Yngwie Malmsteen mounts. With a brass nut, and obviously with a scaled fingerboard.
Yngwie Malmsteen Fender Stratocaster Guitar
We also have signature strings from the same brand, the Fender Yngwie Malmsteen 8 - 46. Extremely thin strings facilitate speed, but the subtlety of the touch must be extreme so as not to detune the note, and even more so on a scaled fingerboard.
To play live, Yngwie uses a true wall of 4 × 12 cabinets with Celestion G12T-75 speakers, and Marshall Vintage 1971 Mark II 50W amplifiers.
Although its sound mainly flows from the drive of its Marshall amps, when it comes to pedals, it uses:
 - Roland Echo Analog DC-10 Delay
 - Wah Cry-Baby Dunlop
 - Roland PK-5 MIDI
 - Boss OC-2 Octave
 - Overdrive Pre-Amp DOD250
 - Boss NS-2 Noise Suppressor
He also uses a Boss CS-3 compressor pedal for his electroacoustic Ovation Viper.
Post a Comment for "YNGWIE MALMSTEEN: Biography, Guitars, and Pedals"


Question 2: Immigration Museum
Question 2
If Australia is a nation of diverse beliefs, what relationship is there, or should there be, between Australian citizenship and personal belief?
Comments (4)
sort by
Emily 25 November, 2009 23:00
As Australian citizens, we all have something in common. Even though we may have different appearances, beliefs and heritage, our citizenship is just one example of how we are all one. As Australians we are entitled to believe in what we please, but there are conflicts with people of different race and culture. Part of being Australian should mean everybody is treated equal - with no exceptions. Personally, i do not think that there is a strong enough tie with personal beliefs and being an Australian citizen.
Richard 7 October, 2009 12:09
As an Australian citizens(sic), we should be entitled, as we are, to choose and follow the personal beliefs of our choice, so long(sic) it does nothing to harm the lives of others (such as some small minority extremist groups). One of the great rights of being an Australian citizen is that to believe what you want and say what you want - controversial or not. Therefore, I think there needs to be a much greater level of respect and toletrance(sic) in the community towards many minority groups that have in recent times been associated with terrorism, and realise that there is an extremist and illegal element to all religions, cultures and groups - Christian, Muslim, Buddhist or whatever. Becoming an Australian citizen should not be based on the person's religion but rather on the education and merit of that person, and a person's ability to gain citizenship should bear no relationship with religion.
Demaris 23 August, 2009 16:56
If Australia is a a nation of deverse beliefs the relation ship there should be between Australian citizenship and personal belief is that respecting what being an australian means and allowing yourself to become involved in the traditions carried out but also not allowing your personal beliefs or religions to be ignored because being australian doesnt mean that you have to be catholic, islamic or any other reliogion of faith but it simply means accepting who you are and appling your faith, morals and values to your citizenship.
Celeste 20 August, 2009 17:15
As Australia is a nation of diverse beliefs everyone has a right to personal belief. Our Australian citizenship enables us to personal belief because we live in such a diverse culture. Having an Australian Citizenship enables me to believe what i want. The relationship between our Australian Citizenship and personal beliefs is a good one as there are no boundries or laws in what we must believe.


text:
If you are using an external DNS server, please use the following steps to change the external DNS setting on the SMTP virtual server:
1. Select Organization Configuration, Hub Transport Server, and Send connectors, respectively. From here, locate the clients send connector and right-click Properties.
Note: Use DNS MX records to route mail automatically.
2. If you want to route outbound mail, please use the DNS option to do so. Once the connector has used DNS to resolve the IP address of the remote SMTP server, then it will deliver the mail.
3. If you are going to use the DNS option, verify the following first:
Can your DNS server successfully resolve names on the Internet?
If you have used the Set-TransportServer cmdlet to configure an external DNS server that differs from the one specified on the network connection, can this external DNS server resolve names on the Internet?
4. Use the External DNS Lookup settings on the transport server to utilize the DNS servers list. Select this option if you want to use the external DNS servers list to resolve names on the Internet.
Note: Verify that you have configured the external DNS servers list by using the Set-TransportServer cmdlet or External DNS Lookup tab in the properties of the Hub Transport server object or Edge Transport server object.
5. From here, select the Use External DNS Lookup settings on the transport server check box.


Top 5 Benefits of using Nicotine Salt
Top 5 Benefits of using Nicotine Salt
The vape industry has significantly outgrown itself in the past years. The entire collection of vaping devices, e-liquids, batteries, tanks, freebase, and nicotine salts have raised the market consumption impeccably. Nicotine salts have gained much popularity and acquired a separate range of flavours. The best UK vape shop renders services to satisfy its customers by providing distinctive assortments of flavours for vape.
What is Nicotine Salt:
Nicotine salt is the most natural and organic state of nicotine from tobacco leaves. It is relatively more stable and does not vaporize easily than freebase liquid. Because of their harsh nature nicotine salts are treated with benzoic acid to draw the vapour at a lower temperature. It also helps to hit the throat smoothly. Its absorption power into the body is much more than any other liquid. These salts are ideal for mouth to lung vapers.
Nicotine salts are suitable for beginners and frequent users of vape.
Difference between Freebase Nicotine and Nicotine Salt:
The difference between Freebase nicotine and Nicotine salt changes the vaping experience. Freebase nicotine has a more pungent taste and effect. Whereas nicotine salt because of the contamination delivers a smooth and levelled taste. Nicotine salts travel more effectively through the body rather than freebase. Freebase Nicotine is the purest form of nicotine and delivers an extravagant taste that undermines the enjoyment of vaping. However, nicotine salt provides a subtle taste that reduces the sharpness of pure nicotine.
Devices used for Nicotine Salts:
Nicotine salts set off in lower temperatures hence low wattage vape devices must be used to enhance the experience. High-temperature devices will not deliver the perfect vapour. The low wattage and high resistance vape devices that are currently used for nic salts are
Open system: This system requires refilling nicotine salts manually.
Closed system: It requires pre-filled pods with e-liquids to attach with the device.
Benefits of Nicotine Salts:
Easily Accessible:
Nicotine salts are easy to use and convenient. They can be used in cartridges or refilled in the tank. They are portable and carried without any hustle.
Variations in Nicotine Levels:
Nicotine salts are effective for the ones who are quitting smoking. The higher level of nicotine has a similar taste to cigarettes. It s observed that nicotine salts are more powerful to defy the urging to smoke.
Smooth taste in less vapour:
Nicotine salts deliver a very satisfying taste in a small amount of vapour. It develops a far better experience in vaping rather than other liquids. Its aftereffect is not as harsh as the freebase nicotine. The soft nature of nicotine salts gives more euphoria than any other flavour. The blend of nicotine salts in e-liquids ensures a unique and ecstatic vape flavour.
Reduced Consumption of E Liquids:
Due to high nicotine ranges and better vaping experience, the e-liquids are used way less than nicotine salts. A low wattage device that produces a vapour of high resistance is more popular than other vaping devices.
Long-term usage:
Nicotine salts are produced from the natural state of nicotine, hence, they a longer life than other flavoured e-liquids. Which makes them more favourable for vapers. Usually, flavoured e-liquids have preservatives and artificial flavours which make their life shorter than nicotine salts.
Nicotine salts possess high levels of nicotine which are not suitable for everyone. People who have been familiar with high doses of nicotine can absorb nicotine salts easily. The taste of nicotine salts captivates the former users of vaping who like a soft but high resistant vapour. Those who are switching from a lower nicotine level of smoking could find nicotine salts much more convenient than cigarettes. A significant benefit of using nicotine salts is that it does not change the flavour of vape juice. Nicotine salts form more huge clouds than a freebase which amazes the vapers.
Nicotine salts have gathered the attentions of ex-smokers because of their exquisite experience in a low wattage device. UK vape shop offers a tremendous collection of nicotine salts with different ranges to please the vapers. Juiced out Vapes--online Vape shop UK is the best store that provides high-quality products to its customers. They assist with recommending the most suitable products according to the needs of vapers. The refund policy of this online store attracts many people towards buying their vaping products. The hot-selling collections are e-liquids, tanks, vape kits, and vape pods. All these products are 100% authentic and guaranteed.
Related News
Main Menu


Take the 2-minute tour ×
DDD recommends that the domain objects should be in a valid state at any time. Aggregate roots are responsible for guaranteeing the invariants and Factories for assembling objects with all the required parts so that they are initialized in a valid state.
However this seems to complicate the task of creating simple, isolated unit tests a lot.
Let's assume we have a BookRepository that contains Books. A Book has :
 - an Author
 - a Category
 - a list of Bookstores you can find the book in
These are required attributes : a book has to have an author, a category and at least a book store you can buy the book from. There's likely to be a BookFactory since it is quite a complex object, and the Factory will initialize the Book with at least all the mentioned attributes. Maybe we'll also make the Book constructor private (and the Factory nested) so that no one can instantiate an empty Book except the Factory.
Now we want to unit test a method of the BookRepository that returns all the Books. To test if the method returns the books, we have to set up a test context (the Arrange step in AAA terms) where some Books are already in the Repository.
In C# :
public void GetAllBooks_Returns_All_Books()
 //Lengthy and messy Arrange section
 BookRepository bookRepository = new BookRepository();
 Author evans = new Author("Evans", "Eric");
 BookCategory category = new BookCategory("Software Development");
 Address address = new Address("55 Plumtree Road");
 BookStore bookStore = BookStoreFactory.Create("The Plum Bookshop", address);
 IList bookstores = new List() { bookStore };
 Book domainDrivenDesign = BookFactory.Create("Domain Driven Design", evans, category, bookstores);
 Book otherBook = BookFactory.Create("other book", evans, category, bookstores);
 IList returnedBooks = bookRepository.GetAllBooks();
 Assert.AreEqual(2, returnedBooks.Count);
 Assert.Contains(domainDrivenDesign, returnedBooks);
 Assert.Contains(otherBook, returnedBooks);
Given that the only tool at our disposal to create Book objects is the Factory, the unit test now uses and is dependent on the Factory and inderectly on Category, Author and Store since we need those objects to build up a Book and then place it in the test context.
Would you consider this is a dependency in the same way that in a Service unit test we would be dependent on, say, a Repository that the Service would call?
How would you solve the problem of having to re-create a whole cluster of objects in order to be able to test a simple thing? How would you break that dependency and get rid of all these Book attributes we don't need in our test? By using mocks or stubs?
If you mock up things a Repository contains, what kind of mock/stubs would you use as opposed to when you mock up something the object under test talks to or consumes?
share|improve this question
add comment
6 Answers
Two things:
 - Use mock objects within the tests. You're currently using concrete objects.
 - With regards the complex set up, at some point you will need some valid books. Extract this logic to a set up method, to run before each test. Have that set up method create a valid collection of books and so forth.
A mock object would let you do this. If a test only needs a book with a valid author, your mock object would specify that author, the other attributes would be defaulted. As your test only cares about a valid author, there is no need to set up the other attributes.
share|improve this answer
add comment
Thanks Finglas for the answer. I do use mocks in other tests but primarily for interaction testing, not for setting up the test context. I was not sure whether this kind of hollow object with just the needed values could be called a mock and if it was a good idea to use them.
I found something interesting and pretty close to the problem at Gerard Meszaros' xunitpatterns.com. He describes the code smell of having a long and complicated test setup as Irrelevant Information, with possible solutions being Creation Methods or Dummy Objects. I'm not entirely sold on his Dummy Object implementation though, since in my example it would force me to have an IBook interface (ugh) in order to implement a dummy Book with a very simple constructor and bypass all the Factory creation logic.
I guess a mix of isolation-framework-generated mocks and creation methods could help me clarify and simplify my tests.
share|improve this answer
add comment
You might want to try a Test Data Builder. Nice post from Nat Pryce.
This can help if you don't want to go the route of mocks. It can abstract away all those ugly factory methods. Also you can try to push the builders to be used in your production code.
share|improve this answer
add comment
For pure unit tests, mocks and stubs are definitely the solution. But since you are going after a more integration level tests, and mocks (or stubs or whatever) aren't solving your problem, you really have two reasonable choices:
 - create test factories to help you set up the data you need. These will probably be test-specific, which not only build up a bookstore, but populate it with a reasonable set up books. That way you compress your setup code down into a line or two, and use them for other tests. This code may grow to create various scenarios that are needed for integration type tests.
 - create a set up test fixtures. These are small, but conceptually complete sets of data for your tests to use. These are generally stored in some sort of serialized form (xml, csv, sql), and loaded at the beginning of each tests into your database so that you have a valid state. They are really just a general factory that works by reading static files.
If you use fixtures, you can take the single or multiple fixture approach. If you can get away with a single "canonical" set of data for most of your unit tests, that will be simpler, but sometimes that creates a data set that has too many records to be understandable, or simply doesn't express the range of scenarios you need to support. Some problems require multiple sets of data to be thoroughly tested.
share|improve this answer
add comment
The private Book constructor is source of your problems.
If you make Book's constructor internal instead, the factory doesn't have to be nested. Then you're free to make the factory implement an interface (IBookFactory), and you can inject a mock book factory into your repository.
If you really want to ensure that only book factory implementations create instances, add a method to your repository that accepts the arguments the factory needs:
public class BookRepository {
 public IBookFactory bookFactory;
 public BookRepository(IBookFactory bookFactory) {
 this.bookFactory = bookFactory;
 // Abbreviated list of arguments
 public void AddNew(string title, Author author, BookStore bookStore) {
 this.Add(bookFactory.Create(title, author, bookStore));
share|improve this answer
add comment
II might be biased because I have started learning DDD along side with CQRS. But I am not sure you draw the correct boundaries. An aggregate should know only about its invariants. You say a book has an author. Yes but the book has no invariant on the name of the author. so we could picture the aggregate book as follows :
 public class Book
 public Guid _idAuthor;
 public Book(Guid idAuthor)
 if(idAuthor==guid.empty) throw new ArgumentNullException();
 _idAuthor = idAuthor;
Whereas, the Author has an invariant on its author :
 public class Author
 public string _name;
 public Book(string name)
 if(name==nullorEmpty) throw new ArgumentNullException();
 _name= name;
The query side though would might have a need for both the information book name and author name, but this is a query and might not be suited for unit testing IMO.
If you need to be able to add to your library, only book when their author hhas the letter 'e' in it, then the whole discussion is different, but from what I understood, you do not need it right now.
When creating the aggregate Book your unit test becomes simpler then, because you focus on the write side and on the true invariants.
share|improve this answer
add comment
Your Answer


Sidebar; Snapshot; Timeslide; Google apps script examples - Copy file and move to another folder. Has "Google Apps Script templates" been deprecated. Is there a way to create a copy to clipboard button in Sidebar using Google's Apps Script? Google has many special features to help you find exactly what you're looking for. With Google Apps Script, you can easily create a Web App that serves HTML, JSON, XML or plain text output using the HTML service. So, The form automatically submits the data to the server. Each example includes the type of text to match, one or more regular expressions that match that text, and notes that explain the use of the special characters and formatting. When the sidebar is opened, in order to close the sidebar, the sidebar can be closed by running with the script of sidebar. To get started, let's create a rudimentary function to send a request to GitHub's API. First, you will need to get the value or range by using Googles server-side script. Google apps script examples - Google Apps script getRange - copy multiple range spreadsheet. Google apps script if else statements instruction(s) should be enclosed within the curly braces.. The sidebar will open in the right-hand side of the document window as shown in the following screenshot. When your publish your Google Script project as a web app, the script gets a public URL (think API) that can be invoked from external applications using either HTTP GET or POST requests with query parameters and request body. **Build with Google** Feature-rich APIs let you extend Google services and build your own web applications. There is no sidebar for a Google calendar like Docs, Sheets, and Forms have. This app shows scenarios developers can achieve using NativeScript. Google Apps Script에서 javascript로 모달 대화 상자 템플릿에서 사이드 바 템플릿의 html을 업데이트하는 방법은 무엇입니까? Google Apps Script is a language based on JavaScript to let you manipulate Google Sheets (and the rest of G Suite).... Google apps script examples - Google apps script for GA - Get Report Data of Google Analytics Profile. For this tutorial, we will start simple though and get you on your way to writing your own custom functions. Big changes coming! If you've ever used an "add-on" in Google Apps, it's using this scripting framework. Google Apps Script also offers a few additional features and utilities that allow you to interact with other Google Services, like Spreadsheets, but also Google Drive, Gmail, and even Google Maps! google FormとLINEを連携しています LINE Notifyを使用しています googleフォームに入力するとLINEに通知が行くようにGASを組んでいますトリガー設定もフォーム送信後LINEに通知がいくようになっています。 以前うまくできていたのですが、goog I have a template on my drive, the script should make one copy of this, and set the owner as the person who submitted the google form. The Google scripts are written in regular JavaScript language and they are hosted on Google's servers. Finding Merged Cells In Your Google Sheet using Apps Script. People Directory - Awesome Table with Sidebar - Google Apps Script Examples Search this site All of the code runs on Google's servers to interact with your documents. ¿Quieres aprender a programar en Google Apps Script desde cero? This website uses cookies and other tracking technology to analyse traffic, personalise ads and learn how we can improve the experience for our visitors and customers. It can be accessed from within Google Sheets from Tools > Script Editor. Apps Script is a rapid application development platform that makes it fast and easy to create business applications that integrate with G Suite. Then you will have to display it client-side in your HTML document. The sidebar layout size is a fixed one, which means you cannot change, alter, or resize it. With the Awesome Table gadget, display people directories from data in a Google Sheet. Step 2: Create a Google Apps Script to pull data from the API. A Source code preview is available for every example. Google Apps Script is a JavaScript cloud scripting language that provides easy ways to automate tasks across Google products and third party services and build web applications. We may also share information with trusted third-party providers. "auto" branch is the future of the project - jychri/google-apps-script-cheat-sheet The code to create a copy of the template is: function copyTemplate(user, spreadsheetName, userDate) { Browse the examples to get first-hand experience with the framework. Extend the functionality of your favorite Google and G Suite apps like Gmail, Docs, and Drive with Google Apps Script. In our case, we'd like to be able to pull values from our spreadsheet each time someone submits a response and insert those values into an email that is then sent to the appropriate parties. The time is. This is not preferable in a … I would like to view a sidebar in Google Calendar but I can't find method. In Spreadsheet there is: SpreadsheetApp.getUi().showSidebar(), there isn't in CalendarApp. Google Script-Sidebar button keeps opening a new tab (2) Issue:


Bill Potter on Prospects for US-Russia Cooperation under Biden
January 4, 2021
William Potter
CNS Founding Director Dr. William Potter spoke with the International Luxembourg Forum on Preventing Nuclear Catastrophe about the future of Russian-US cooperation on nonproliferation under the new Joe Biden administration.
"It's hard to imagine relations being any worse than they are currently," he tells them. "They are characterized by a total lack of trust, respect, and empathy—a total recipe for disaster."
During the Cold War and immediate post-Cold War eras, several nuclear incidents were narrowly averted, in large part due to the existence of trust between the two countries. "If a similar incident were to occur today in the absence of any trust," Dr. Potter warned, "the outcome may be different."
He is hopeful that a Biden administration will make it possible for the United States and the Russian Federation to be much more capable of cooperating on nuclear nonproliferation and important risk reduction measures. "At a minimum," he said, "it is essential for both to reiterate support for the Reagan-Gorbachev principle that a nuclear war cannot be won and must never be fought."
He is optimistic on several fronts, including joint cooperation on Iran, efforts to prevent nuclear terrorism, nuclear testing, and other urgent issues.
Comments Are Closed


text:
CASH MANAGEMENT UNIT
The Roles of the unit include the following:
- Maintaining Proper books of Accounting records
- Maintaining and safe keeping of adequate security books such as cash books, vouchers.
- Updating and balancing of all accounting books.
- Arranging paid vouchers into their respective folders according to Heads and Sub-heads.
- Giving attention to both staff and contractors in respect of unpaid claim vouchers.
- Presenting of all accounting books to internal auditors for audit purpose.
- Presenting of documents and accounting records to Federal auditors as at when demanded.


The Role of Vortices in the Formation of the Solar System: the Effect on Dust Particles
A. V. Mehta, G. R. Flierl (MIT)
Numerical calculations show that a long-lived, robust vortex can persist in the solar nebula. The stable vortex has a negative vorticity (relative to the orbital angular velocity), which is the same sign as the Keplerian shear. If several negative vortices are close to each other, they will merge to form a larger vortex.
Dust particles suspended in the gas will tend to be expelled from a positive (unstable) vortex and drawn into a negative vortex. A tex2html_wrap_inline11 -sized particle will be mostly locked with the vortex, with a small drift component. A cm-sized particle will drift faster, reaching the middle of the vortex in about tex2html_wrap_inline15. The differential drift velocity increases the number of collisions, enhancing aggregation into larger particles.


text:
Date Uploaded: November 1, 2008, 12:56 pm
Last Edited: December 11, 2012, 12:10 am
Print this Article
Article © MAIL User: Inventor
There are different ways to weave spheres in chainmaille. You can weave triangles and stitch them together or make reductions of increasing frequency to get something fairly spherical, or you can wrap a spherical object with maille. These techniques work well enough given the appropriate weave as the rings will relax into an approximately spherical shape. But what if we want to make really small spheres, or really spherical spheres? What if we want a sphere that is hollow yet solidly rigid instead of flexible? In that case we need to use the right weave, ring, and material combination, and we also need to know the exact number of rings per row that will create a true sphere.
I once created a basket using the reduction method. It turned out nice and round, kind of hemispherical, but not exactly. The night after completing it, I dreamed and awoke with an epiphany! I had realized the math behind making a perfectly spherical chainmaille sphere, or at least as perfect as you can reasonably get. I owe my undergrad calculus teachers a debt of gratitude for teaching me how to set up calculus problems, because the sphere math is based on the way that you set up a spherical surface area calculation. Actually you can understand it with only trigonometry, no calculus required (whew). The math that caused a light bulb to turn on above my head is illustrated in the figure below.
I'll spare you the derivation details, but basically the four equations on the upper right are obtained from the drawing on the left, and when you solve them you get the equation in the box, which is repeated below:
m = ( 2*pi*r / (kh*d) ) * cos( (kv*d/r) * n )
where the variables are:
r is the radius of the sphere
d is the inside diameter of the rings
kh is the horizontal proportionality constant of the weave
kv is the vertical proportionality constant of the weave
n is the row index
m is the number of rings to put on the nth row.
The proportionality constants are a measure of how dense the weave is in each direction. Well, technically they are inversely proportional to ring density so they are a measure of how loose the weave is. Whatever. You find the proportionality constants for a given weave and ring combination by weaving a rectangular patch and then calculating how much of an inside diameter each ring spans. So the simplest possible weave, ordinary chain link, has a proportionality constant of exactly 1 because each ring spans one inside diameter. For a more practical explanation, let's say you are using 1 inch rings (for simplicity's sake) and you observe that it takes 20 rings to span 10 inches. Then your proportionality constant would be (10"/1")/(20 rings) which equals 0.5. Clear as mud? Good.
For an example we will use Kingsmaille (European 8 in 2) with 14 ga 3/8" rings. Because we are working with Kingsmaille, which is a double weave, we will call each double ring of the Kingsmaille a pair and do all our calculations in terms of pairs, not rings. Otherwise it gets even more confusing than it already is, sheesh! I have experimentally determined the values of kh=0.74 and kv=0.895 for this weave. We will make a three inch diameter sphere, so r=1.5". The inside diameter of the rings, d, is 3/8". Plugging these into the equation we get:
m = 34 * cos( n / 4.5 )
We start with the equator at n=0 and calculate m which is the number of pairs to weave into the equator. Then we increment n to 1 and solve for the number of pairs to weave into the rows that are adjacent to the equator. Then we do n=2, and so on until we get either zero or a negative number at which point we stop and discard that last value of m because it is non-physical. If we were to solve for theta and plug in those values of n, we would find that m=0 corresponds to theta equal to exactly 90 degrees, and negative values of m correspond to theta greater than 90 degrees. We are only interested in the region of theta from 0 to 90 degrees. The table for this example is shown below:
0 | 34
1 | 33
2 | 31
3 | 27
4 | 21
5 | 15
6 | 8
7 | 1
This means that we will make a sphere starting at the equator with 34 pairs, then weave rows above and below the equator that get smaller and smaller until we reach row 7 with 1 pair. That 7th row presents us with a problem: how is a row with only one pair going to look? It would be kinda weird to just have two rings on a row at each pole of the sphere. The solution is to adjust the radius of the sphere to a slightly smaller value than 1.5, say 1.45 for example. Then we get six pairs on the row six and a negative value for row 7. This will leave us with a circle of rings with a small hole at the poles of the sphere, and due to the tightness of the weave the rings will hold each other in place without the need for a specially sized ring to gather them together. I find that to be kinda kewl that it works out that way.
A sphere similar to the example sphere is shown below:
Obviously the sphere will have an odd number of rows. There is a different form of the equation for making a slight variation on the theme, spheres that have an even number of rows such that the equator actually lies on the joining boundary between two rows instead of the center of the largest row. The equation for a sphere with an even number of rows is:
m = ( 2*pi*r / (kh*d) ) * cos( (kv*d/r) * (2n+1) / 2 )
where you begin with n=0 as before, but n=0 corresponds to the two rows that surround the equator. Really, though, you wouldn't want to make a sphere with an even number of rows unless you had a special reason to do so. That's because for a European weave sphere, an odd number of rows allows you to weave the first three rows all at once using the ordinary way of starting a European weave. After that it's pretty much going to be ORAAT (One Ring At A Time), unfortunately. I suppose in special cases if you got to where you were mass-producing a specific sphere design, you could slip in some closed rings at the right locations between reductions, but aside from that it's ORAAT for spheres.
There are some details about the weaving technique that will help you make the most spherical sphere possible. These suggestions will help smooth out irregularities in the spherical surface. If you follow these instructions you will be learning from the mistakes of others, namely me, which will reduce the possibility of creating a useless jumble of rings instead of a spherical sphere.
First, you should space the reductions out as evenly as you can around the row.
Second, you should arrange the reductions so that they do not line up on adjacent rows. In fact, it's best if they do not line up on the row after that either.
Note that you can make slight adjustments to the sphere radius in the equation to create a rings per row table that works out better. For example, if you have three reductions on a row and five reductions on the next row, that is not very good because they are both prime numbers and therefore have no common factors. In other words, an equilateral triangle and a pentagon do not line up elegantly if you are trying to prevent their vertices from overlapping. Better would be a situation where you have three reductions on a row and six reductions on the next row because three divides into six and that means that things can line up nicely without overlapping reductions.
You can also "cheat" to make your rings per row table work out nicely by changing the number of rings on one or more of the rows. Although it is not mathematically kosher to add or subtract a ring or two on any given row, you may find that the overall roundness of the sphere is enhanced by doing this. It is especially useful for weaving really small spheres of very few rings. In any case, having things line up nicely is a lot easier when it comes to counting out ring positions and such.
It is possible to find spherical spheres with rings per row such that all of the reductions line up nicely like this, but that is rare. Try to at least get the poles of the sphere to line up well since you have less room to space out the reductions there. Also, when working with Kingsmaille, it is ideal for the last row to have half of the ring pairs as the next-to-last row, and avoid spheres with very low ring count in the last row.
Third, with a Kingsmaille sphere you make the reductions by putting a single ring in place of a pair in two adjacent pair positions, or in other words you space the reduction over two adjacent pairs. If you make your reductions by removing a whole pair then you may have trouble getting the rings in the next row to span the gap properly, or at least I did.
Fourth, when you get to the final row or the final few rows

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Stránka:roll _URL_
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Tato stránka nebyla zkontrolována
Camp Craftsman
The Degree of Camp Craftsman may be conferred on any one who takes fifteen out of these tests: I. Have a knowledge of tanning and curing. M J, 2. Sole and heel a pair of boots, or shoes, sewed or nailed, and generally repair footwear. 3. Dress a saddle, repair traces, stirrup leathers, etc., and know the various parts of harness. 4. Patch a garment. 5. Make a lace or a button of a leather patch. 6. Make set of six camp chah^ and a camp table. 7. Make a waterproof vessel of birch bark. 8. Repair a broken boat or canoe. 9. Repair a tent cover so it will not leak. 10. M2ike an axe helve or a hoe lumdie. 11. Repair a leaky kettle <» pot. 12. Solder a tin. 13. Make a basket of wildwood materials. 14. Make an Indian bed 15. Make a grass mat. 16. Fell a six-inch tree in sixty seconds and drive with it a given stake. 17- Cut down a six-inch tree, and chop and split it into stove wood, using axe only. 18. Cut and flat with two true surfaces a log like a railway tie, eight feet long,mne-inch face,and sue inches thick, using axe only. 19. Distinguish between rip saw, crosscut, keyhole saw, twohanded crosscut, and show how they are used. 20. Show the right and wrong way of putting nails into two Doards, one of which is to be fastened across the other. 21. Make a boat or a birch canoe. 22. Build a log cabin. Mashkiki
Camp Doctor
The Degree of Camp Doctor may be conferred on any one who takes twentyoutof these tests: (the first four being required) }• Demonstiftte the Schufer method of renudtation.
..text continues


1. Intro
 2. A
 3. B
 4. C
 5. D
 6. E
 7. F
 8. G
 9. H
 10. I
 11. J
 12. K
 13. L
 14. M
 15. N
 16. O
 17. P
 18. Q
 19. R
 20. S
 21. T
 22. U
 23. V
 24. W
Epicentre means that point on the earth's surface above the centre of an earthquake. To say that Mr Putin was at the epicentre of the dispute suggests that the argument took place underground.
The hypocentre, in contrast, is the place on the surface of the earth below an explosion (which at Hiroshima in 1945, for example, was 580 metres above the ground). It is the same as ground zero.
Products and events
Take our weekly news quiz to stay on top of the headlines


NSW: Preparing students for the future
Globally, education looks different in various regions. But one common commonality is for student exposure to technology so they can develop skills that will be useful in their future.
In New South Wales, Australia, one of the goals of incorporating Microsoft Teams into the education department is to provide and prepare students for whatever the future might deliver. As one educator stated, "Being digitally resilient and actually understanding how to use technology the right way…I think that really is the key."
View this video to learn how a large organization utilizes Microsoft Teams to prepare students for the future.


text:
Why the other sovereigns (Jean I and Joséphine-Charlotte of Luxembourg) don't use to sign their names with "R", "GD" or "P"?
I also know HM Queen Elizabeth II of Great-Britain used to sogn "Elizabeth R".
"R" stands for the latin word Rex(king) or Regina(queen). FOr example, in Latin, The queen of England's name is Elizabetha Regina Secunda. Using the latin has come down from early times and now is just shortened with the "R". (btw: Charles will be Carolinus Rex Tertio, if he chooses the name Charles). As far as the other heads of state, I guess that using the latin form just isn't a practice that has evolved over the years, and sometimes there is not that good of a latin translation for "archduke", etc. I'm sure that it depends on the tradition of each country.
Mandatory Credit: Photo By PAUL BROWN / REX FEATURES SIGNATURE OF QUEEN SILVIA IN THE MEMORIAL BOOK SERVICE OF THANKS GIVING CELEBRATING 350 YEARS OF PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP BETWEEN THE UNITED KINGDOM AND SWEDEN AT THE SWEDISH CHURCH, LONDON, BRITAIN - 28 APR 2004 EXCLUSIVE 451205/PAB


Conveyancing, Properties and Real Estate Law
The development of the new land laws after the promulgation of the Constitution of Kenya, 2010, has opened up new challenges on land issues in Kenya. However, dishonesty in land transactions by unscrupulous land barons and cartels has led to great losses to institutions and private citizens in our country. Prior to any commercial transaction, we do thorough investigations and due diligence to ensure that the transaction is genuine. We render the following services here;
 1. Conducting searches and title investigations before any land transaction.
 2. Preparation of sale agreements and conveyance instruments of all kind.
 3. Registration of conveyancing instruments.
 4. Preparation of loan and security documentations.
 5. Advice on all aspects of banking and insurance legislations.
 6. Advice on international development projects and rescheduling of debts.
 7. Recoveries and repossessions and public auctions.
 8. Preparation of contracts and other financing documentations.
 9. Preparation of Charges
 10. Debt Collections and Renegotiation
Execution, stamping &witnessing of documents


text:
By Mike MorrisMore in Floors
Manufacturers recommend installing hardwood flooring perpendicular to, or across the floor joists for maximum stability and reinforcement. But typically, flooring installed parallel to a room's longest dimension is more attractive than when installed across the floor's shorter width. Also, it's easier to keep rows parallel if you begin at an unobstructed wall and install long, straight rows.
Nailing the flooring into the floor joists will also help with stability. If you choose a perpendicular layout, mark the location of the floor joists along the baseboards — typically 16 inches on center (image 1). Floor vents are normally attached to joists, so you can use that as a starting point for measuring. Snap a chalk line across the room at each joist marker (image 2).
All wood floors expand and contract, so you must leave a gap around the perimeter of the room. Typically, the gap is about a 1/2 inch. The width of the gap is determined by the length of the run and the type of wood. Solid wood needs a bigger gap than engineered wood because it expands and contracts more. Measure and mark 1/2 inch out from each wall, plus the width of the first board, and use a chalk box to snap starter lines.
Lay out several rows of loose boards along the length of the floor, following your plan. Mix boards from several bundles to avoid noticeable color changes from one bundle to another. Arrange lengths, wood-grain patterns and variations in board colors to create a balanced look. To avoid confusion when installing random-width strips or planks, lay out the boards in alternating courses based on width.
Choose long boards for the first row and align them along your chalk line with the board tongues facing out toward the center of the room (image 1). Place the first board in the row so that its groove end aligns with the chalk line at the end wall. Be sure there is a 1/2-inch gap between this row and both the side and end walls.
The first row needs to be face nailed. To prevent the wood from splitting, drill pilot holes along the gap edge every 10 to 12 inches then top-nail the starter course with 10d finishing nails (image 2). Try to make sure they go through the sub-floor and into the floor joists. Use a nail set to sink the nail heads slightly below the wood surface (image 3). Secure this row by blind-nailing or stapling through the tongue joint with the power nailer.
After the first row is firmly attached, begin at one end and use the power nailer to install the next row of boards (image 4). If the boards don't fit together easily, use a mallet with a scrap piece of flooring as a tapping block to knock them into place (image 5). Be careful not to damage the edges or board surfaces. Install one complete row at a time from end-wall to end-wall. Place at least two nails in every board — the rule of thumb is to nail every 10 to 12 inches.
Flooring is typically bundled in random lengths. Vary board lengths as you install so you will have staggered end-joints in a random pattern (image 6). Avoid repeating patterns — a repetitive joint pattern can result in a weaker floor. Installers recommend staggering end-joints a minimum of 6 inches for narrow-strip flooring, 8 to 10 inches for planks that are up to 5 inches wide, and 10 inches or more for wider planks. When a row approaches an end wall, select final pieces that will be a minimum of 12 inches long. Don't forget to leave a 1/2-inch gap at the wall. Measure and cut off the ends, then use these cutoffs — with their tongues or grooves intact—as starter pieces for the next row.
Do not attempt to cut boards to length within the floor pattern. Flooring strips have chamfered edges to help them lay flat where they meet. Cut boards to fit only at the end of a row where refinishing the board ends is not necessary.
Make sure each board is locked tightly against the preceding row, because even a small gap can cause the entire floor to be off. Any variation must be corrected when and where it appears. Gaps between boards can be caused by misalignment, poorly milled edges, wood splinters in the grooves and other obstructions. If you have a gap, pry out and discard the board, eliminate the damage or obstruction and reinstall a new board.
When installing up to a threshold, it is not critical to cut each row's end to an exact length. After the floor is complete, you can use a circular saw to cut across the ends for a precise fit.
As you near a wall or other obstacle, clearance for the flooring nailer may be restricted. Where necessary, drill pilot holes and hand-nail the boards, blind-nailing through the tongue joint if possible, or face-nail and set the nail heads below the board surface.
Where the final row meets the wall, it may be necessary to rip boards lengthwise to fit. Narrow end boards are usually hidden by base molding.
Use wood putty to fill holes where boards have been face-nailed and to touch up any minor installation damage or marks. Be sure to buy putty that will accept stain or match the color of the finished floor. Prefinished flooring manufacturers typically offer touch-up products specifically matched to the flooring you choose.
Finally, paint or stain and install base molding to trim out the walls around the room. Be sure the molding completely covers the expansion gap on all sides.
All fields are required.
Remember me on this computer
Please enter your email address and we will send your password
Your password has been sent and should arrive in your mailbox very soon.
Sign up with DIY Network to share tips with other do-it-yourselfers and comment and ask questions on projects.
It's free and easy.


Quick Answer: How To Dig Up A Tree Stump With A Tractor?
Can you remove stumps with a tractor?
Both John Deere utility tractors and compact utility tractors have powerful backhoe attachments that you can add-on to remove large tree stumps. Once you have the stump and roots exposed, free the roots by loosening up the soil around them with the shovel.
Can a bulldozer remove stumps?
A bulldozer can remove stumps if it has a strong enough motor. Dig a trench that's three feet wide and eight feet deep on all sides of it. Use the bulldozer to push the stump until the roots pull out of the ground. Lift and push the loose stump and grind it down or chop it up to dispose of it.
What machine removes stumps?
Keep reading!
 - What Are Tree Root Removal Machines? Generally, a tree root removal machine is a heavy-duty tool that has a powerful engine, as well as cutting, digging, or pulling mechanism, which is used to remove tree roots.
 - Tractors.
 - Backhoe.
 - Stump Grinder.
 - Shovel & Saws.
 - Shovel.
 - Garden Shears.
 - Backhoe.
Can a skid steer remove stumps?
As a reliable piece of equipment, a skid steer can in fact remove a stump from your job site – it just takes a little more work to get the job done.
You might be interested: Question: How To Bleed A Diesel Tractor?
How do you pull a stump out of the ground?
How do you dig up a large tree stump?
Dig out the soil around the stump. Expose as much of the roots as possible, by removing the surrounding soil using a shovel or spade. Work in a circle around the stump, removing the dirt. You may need to dig fairly deep on each side of the larger roots to really expose them so that you can cut or chop them up.
What size tractor do I need to push over a tree?
How long does Epsom salt take to kill a stump?
Following the directions outlined above, it takes 8 to 10 weeks for the stump to die using the Epsom salt method.
Will bleach kill a tree stump?
If bleaching a tree stump can kill it, then killing tree roots with bleach will work as well. Using a drill is also a good option; just drill holes right into the roots you wish to be rid of. With a paintbrush, paint bleach onto the roots where you have cut into them or fill the holes.
You might be interested: How To Input Fs19 Tractor Models Into Blender?
Do it yourself stump removal?
Leave a Reply


text: The role of delayed density-dependent processes in the dynamics of animal populations poses a problem for ecologists; although generally assumed important in populations that show cyclic or chaotic fluctuations, little experimental evidence for such processes exist. Through manipulation of vole densities within enclosed areas it was shown that reproduction, recruitment, and body growth rate in introduced populations were negatively affected by high previous density. In addition, female movement patterns shifted, and territoriality as well as home-range size was increased after high density. The observed changes in female spacing-behaviour suggested that negative effects of previous density were partly mediated by social interactions, and agreed with the finding that smaller (less competitive) females were the ones suffering most from increased competition. Contrary to expectations from recent work, predation could be excluded as the cause of delayed density-dependence in this study. Instead, chemical analyses of a dominating food plant suggested that herbivory at high vole-density had delayed negative effects on food quality.


_USER_{havelund-rosu-2002-tacas, author = {Klaus Havelund and Grigore Rosu}, title = {Synthesizing Monitors for Safety Properties}, abstract = { The problem of testing a linear temporal logic (LTL) formula on a finite execution trace of events, generated by an executing program, occurs naturally in runtime analysis of software. An algorithm which takes a past time LTL formula and generates an efficient dynamic programming algorithm is presented. The generated algorithm tests whether the formula is satisfied by a finite trace of events given as input and runs in linear time, its constant depending on the size of the LTL formula. The memory needed is constant, also depending on the size of the formula. Further optimizations of the algorithm are suggested. Past time operators suitable for writing succinct specifications are introduced and shown definitionally equivalent to the standard operators. This work is part of the PathExplorer project, the objective of which it is to construct a flexible framework for monitoring and analyzing program executions. }, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems (TACAS'02)}, pages = {342-356}, month = {April}, year = {2002}, series = {LNCS}, volume = {2280}, publisher = {Springer}, author_id = {Klaus Havelund and Grigore Rosu}, category = {javamop,runtime_verification}, project_url = {_URL_ project_name = {MOP}, booktitle_acronym = {TACAS'02}, booktitle_url = {_URL_ doi = {_URL_ presentation = {2002-04-TACAS}, }


text:
Click Here for Menu
Encouraging conservation-based planning in the transboundary watersheds of southeast Alaska and northwest British Columbia.
Rivers Without Borders Canada works with communities, scientists, First Nations, conservation allies, and others to encourage the adoption of long-term ecosystem-based planning to protect the extraordinary wildlife and marine habitat and cultural values of the transboundary watersheds of southeast Alaska and northwest British Columbia.
We promote a watershed-based conservation vision for an ecologically-rich region that virtually defines the essence of North American wilderness, and represents one of the continent's best conservation opportunities.
See why people support Rivers Without Borders
By working directly with First Nations like the Taku River Tlingit and other northern partners, Rivers Without Borders Canada is part of a vital movement towards sustainable northern communities.


text:
A polo shirt, also known as a golf shirt and tennis shirt, is a form of shirt with a collar, a placket with typically two or three buttons, and an optional pocket.
All three terms may be used interchangeably. Polo shirts are usually made of knitted cloth (rather than woven cloth), usually piqué cotton or, less commonly, interlock cotton, silk, merino wool, or synthetic fibers. A dress-length version of the shirt is called a polo dress.
History of the tennis shirt
In the 19th and early 20th centuries, tennis players ordinarily wore "tennis whites" consisting of long-sleeved white button-up shirts (worn with the sleeves rolled up), flannel trousers, and ties. This attire presented problems for ease of play and comfort.
René Lacoste, the French seven-time Grand Slam tennis champion, felt that the stiff tennis attire was too cumbersome and uncomfortable. He designed a white, short-sleeved, loosely-knit piqué cotton (he called the cotton weave jersey petit piqué) shirt with an unstarched, flat, protruding collar, a buttoned placket, and a shirt-tail longer in back than in front (known today as a "tennis tail"; see below), which he first wore at the 1926 U.S. Open championship. Beginning in 1927, Lacoste placed a crocodile emblem on the left breast of his shirts, as the American press had begun to refer to him as "The Crocodile", a nickname which he embraced.
- the short, cuffed sleeves solved the tendency of long sleeves to roll down
- the soft collar could be loosened easily by unbuttoning the placket
- the piqué collar could be worn upturned to protect the neck from the sun
- the jersey knit piqué cotton breathed and was more durable.
- the "tennis tail" prevented the shirt from pulling out of the wearer's trousers or shorts
In 1933, after retiring from professional tennis, Lacoste teamed up with André Gillier, a friend who was a clothing merchandiser, to market that shirt in Europe and North America. Together, they formed the company Chemise Lacoste, and began selling their shirts, which included the small embroidered crocodile logo on the left breast.
Application to polo and other sports
Before Lacoste's 1933 mass-marketing of his tennis shirt, polo players wore thick long-sleeve shirts made of Oxford-cloth cotton. This shirt was the first to have a buttoned-down collar, which polo players invented in the late 19th century to keep their collars from flapping in the wind (Brooks Brothers's early president, John Brooks, noticed this while at a polo match in England and began producing such a shirt in 1896). Brooks Brothers still produces this style of button-down "polo shirt". Still, like early tennis clothing, those clothes presented a discomfort on the field, and when polo players became aware of Lacoste's invention in the 1930s they readily adopted it for use in polo.
In 1920, Lewis Lacey, a Canadian born of English parents in Montreal, Quebec in 1887, haberdasher and polo player, began producing a shirt that was embroidered with the logo of a polo player, a design originated at the Hurlingham Polo Club near Buenos Aires. The term polo shirt, which previously had referred only to the long-sleeved buttoned-down shirts traditionally used in polo, soon became a universal moniker for the tennis shirt; no later than the 1950s, it was in common usage in the U.S. to describe the shirt most commonly thought of as part of formal tennis attire. Indeed, tennis players often would refer to their shirt as a "polo shirt," notwithstanding the fact that their sport had used it before polo did.
In 1972, Ralph Lauren included his "polo shirt" as a prominent part of his original line called Polo, thereby helping furthering its already widespread popularity. While not specifically geared for use by polo players, Lauren's shirt imitated what by that time had become the normal attire for polo players. As he desired to exude a certain "WASPishness" in his clothes, initially adopting the style of clothiers like Brooks Brothers, J. Press, and "Savile Row"–style English clothing, he prominently included this attire from the "sport of kings" in his line, replete with a logo reminiscent of Lacoste's crocodile emblem, depicting a polo player and pony. This worked well as a marketing tool, for subsequently, due to the immense popularity of Lauren's clothing, a majority of English-speaking westerners began to refer to Lacoste's tennis shirt as a "polo shirt". Still, "tennis shirt" remains a viable term for all uses of Lacoste's basic design.
Over the latter half of the 20th century, as standard clothing in golf became more casual, the tennis shirt was adopted nearly universally as standard golf attire. Many golf courses and country clubs require players to wear golf shirts as a part of their dress code. Moreover, producing Lacoste's "tennis shirt" in various golf cuts has resulted in specific designs of the tennis shirt for golf, resulting in the moniker "golf shirt". Golf shirts are commonly made out of polyester, cotton and polyester blends, or mercerized cotton. The placket typically holds three or four buttons, and consequently extends lower than the typical polo neckline. The collar is typically fabricated using a stitched double-layer of the same fabric used to make the shirt, in contrast to a polo shirt collar, which is usually one-ply ribbed knit cotton. Golf shirts often have a pocket on the left side, to hold a scorepad and pencil, and may not bear a logo there.
- Brooks Brothers
- Polo Ralph Lauren
- Tommy Hilfiger
- Calvin Klein
- U.S. Polo Assn.
- Greg Norman
- PGA Tour
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Polo shirts.|
- McKean, Erin (2013). The Hundred Dresses: The Most Iconic Styles of Our Time. USA: A & C Black. p. 71. ISBN 978-1-4725-3585-6.
- "Lacoste Sportswear – Fashion Designer Encyclopedia".
- The Story of Lacoste. Retrieved from _URL_
- Style & Design: Lacoste. Time Magazine, Winter 2004. Retrieved from _URL_
- The Brand Channel, Lacoste profile.
- The Crocodile
- The Birth of the Crocodile
- Butterworth, Helen. "The History of the Polo Shirt". Retrieved 22 November 2012.
- "Brooks Brothers – About Us".
- Fashion Encyclopedia, "Brooks Brothers".
- Monday, Sept. 01, 1986 (1986-09-01). "A Popular Shirt Tale". TIME. Retrieved 2012-07-09.
- Official Ralph Lauren history website: "1972".
- Official Ralph Lauren history website: "1967".
- "Dress Code", BURLEIGH HEADS GOLF CLUB
- "Dress Code: Proper Golf Attire", Long Island National Golf Club


text:
The State of the dead and its relationship to the sanctuary doctrine in Seventh-day Adventist theology (_PHONE_) : a historical and theological study
MetadataShow full item record
There is a need to provide a historical-theological development of the state of the dead doctrine in the Seventh-day Adventist theology and how it relates to the doctrine of the sanctuary. This dissertation seeks to fill the lacuna by providing a chronological and historical-theological study in this denomination from 1844 to 1874. It examines the understanding of the Christian Connection group, Millerite movement, and Sabbatarian Adventists of the state of the dead based on primary and secondary documentary resources. The result of this study shows eight important points. First, the doctrine of the state of the dead came to the Sabbatarian Adventist pioneers through the writings of George Storrs. The Christian Connection played a background role since this group provided "space" for conditionalism to exist even though this doctrine was not generally accepted among them. Second, the Sabbatarian Adventist pioneers unanimously believed conditionalism after the Great Disappointment in October 1844 and practiced it through their writings, especially when they expressed the hope of resurrection and immortality for the loss of their loved ones. Third, there was an increase influence of the state of the dead in the Seventh-day Adventist theology. It began as "truth" from 1840s to 1850s and became an "important truth" from 1851 to 1853. It turned as a present truth in 1854 and since 1872, the influence became greater since 9 of the 25 statements of belief related to the state of the dead. The increasing amount of literature devoted to this topic during 1844 to 1874 indicated the growing influence of this doctrine in this church theology. The fourth result is that there were two external factors that led to the significance of the doctrine of the state of the dead in the Seventh-day Adventist theology. The rise of modern spiritualism and the inquiries of the uniqueness of this denomination were compared with other Adventists. Fifth, it showed the importance of Ellen White's role in showing the significance of this doctrine against spiritualism. Sixth, Seventh-day Adventists evaluated Storrs's idea and accepted only those that were in harmony with their biblical concept. The seventh finding is the relation of the state of the dead with the sanctuary doctrine through the cleansing of the sanctuary, atonement for the blotting out of sin, and pre-advent investigative judgment. They are related through the decision of the fate of humanity. Eight, the Sabbatarian Adventist pioneers believed that the cleansing of the sanctuary, atonement for the blotting out of sins, and pre-advent investigative judgment were identical in work and time. Each are related to the state of the dead respectively as well as collectively.


text:
Kelly Waugh, PT, MAPT, ATP
Barbara Crane, PhD, PT, ATP. University of Hartford
Successful outcomes in the provision of wheelchairs require an appropriate match between the seating support system and the wheelchair user's body; however, standard terms and measures have been lacking for communication of this critical information. There is significant inconsistency in the terms that are used to describe and measure wheelchair seating parameters (such as leg rest angle, seat height) and postural measures (such as hip angle, trunk lean, pelvic tilt). A common vocabulary of terms and measures is needed by clinicians, suppliers, manufacturers and technicians for accurate translation of assessment information into a seating prescription, and for effective set up of the prescribed product.
Additionally, the adoption of standardized measures will encourage collaborative research regarding the effect of seated posture on a wheelchair user's health, comfort and function. To address this need, we will develop and disseminate A Clinical Application Guide to standardized terms and measures related to wheelchair seating, translating a highly technical international standard into a format and language that is easy to understand and clinically useful. There is currently no single resource containing this information that is free, easily accessible and practical to use for health care professionals in the field of wheelchair prescription, service delivery and research.
Funding for this project was provided by the Paralyzed Veterans of America, Education Foundation Grant #668.
In this resource manual defining over 130 measurement terms, the authors present a complex ISO standard in a format and language that is easy to understand and practical to use. It includes the correct terminology for angular and linear measurements of the seated person's body and the seating support system. For each term the guide explains the purpose of the measure and its clinical relevance, with an accurate definition, a sample measurement procedure, and 1 to 2 illustrations helping to clarify each measure.
This glossary includes a searchable list of 550+ defined terms related to wheelchair, wheelchair seating, and wheelchair seated posture. The terms are organized functionally in four sections: (1) Wheeled Mobility Device Types and Related Terms, (2) Wheelchair Components and Features, (3) Seating Support System and (4) Angular and Linear Dimensions. Reference sources are included for each term and definition, and historical terms are linked to the preferred term in a comprehensive index.
Both of these resources are available for purchase and/or free download. For more information check out the Wheelchair Seating page under our Resources tab.
Waugh, K., Crane, B. Measuring Wheelchair Seated Posture and Seating Supports: Standardization of Terms and Methodologies. 28th International Seating Symposium, Vancouver, BC. March 7, 2012


text:
The YEAR function returns the year part of a value. The argument must be a date, timestamp, or a valid character string representation of a date or timestamp. The result of the function is a large integer. If the argument can be null, the result can be null; if the argument is null, the result is the null value.
YEAR ( expression )
Select all the projects in the PROJECT table that are scheduled to start (PRSTDATE) and end (PRENDATE) in the same calendar year.
SELECT * FROM PROJECT WHERE YEAR(PRSTDATE) = YEAR(PRENDATE)


The Structure
The Hothouse itself is an inspiring, purpose-built creative space on Salamanca Lawns, designed by Sydney's Cave Urban and University of Tasmania Masters of Architecture students.
The design of the Hothouse is intended to bring a conversation about education in Tasmania into the public and community sphere.
By placing the structure on Salamanca Lawns, education is brought out of private, personal and professional contexts and into a shared space.
The permeable structure encourages participation through its open entrances, the woven bamboo walls and roof allow the outside world and context to permeate the conversations and thinking within the house and smaller pod spaces.
Rather than a space to simply house people, the Hothouse helps facilitate and cultivate a context of openness, collaboration and community. A space in which subject experts, community members, young people and influencers can openly discuss and debate education.


text:
GNU MIX Development Kit (MDK)
MIX is Donald Knuth's mythical computer as described in his monumental work The Art Of Computer Programming. As any of its real counterparts, the MIX features registers, memory cells, an overflow toggle, comparison flags, input-output devices, and a set of binary instructions executable by its virtual CPU. You can program the MIX using an assembly language called MIXAL, the MIX Assembly Language.
So, what's the use of learning MIXAL? The MIX computer is a simplified version of real CISC computers, and its assembly language closely resembles real ones. You can learn MIX/MIXAL as an introduction to computer architecture and assembly programming: see the MDK documentation for a tutorial on MIX and MIXAL.
MDK (MIX Development Kit) offers an emulation of MIX and MIXAL. The current version of MDK includes the following applications:
- mixasm A MIXAL compiler, which translates your source files into binary ones, executable by the MIX virtual machine.
- mixvm A MIX virtual machine which is able to run and debug compiled MIXAL programs, using a command line interface with readline's line editting capabilities.
- gmixvm A MIX virtual machine with a GTK+ GUI which allows you running and debugging your MIXAL programs through a nice graphical interface (see screenshots).
- mixguile A Guile interpreter with an embedded MIX virtual machine, manipulable through a library of Scheme functions.
- mixal-mode.el An Emacs major mode for MIXAL source files editing, providing syntax highlighting, documentation lookup and invocation of mixvm within Emacs (since version 22, mixal-mode is part of the standard Emacs distribuition).
- mixvm.el An elisp program which allows you to run mixvm within an Emacs GUD window, simultaneously viewing your MIXAL source file in another buffer.
Using the MDK tools, you'll be able to
- write, compile and execute MIXAL programs,
- set breakpoints and run your programs step by step,
- set conditional breakpoints (register change, memory change, etc.),
- collect execution timing statistics,
- trace executed instructions,
- inspect and modify the MIX registers, flags and memory contents at any step,
- simulate MIX input-output devices using the standard output and your file system.
The user's manual is distributed with the source tarball in texinfo format, which is converted to info files during the installation process. It is also available in a variety of formats in the documentation section.
- Repository: git://git.sv.gnu.org/mdk.git
- Development branch: master
- Online access here
You can get the sources using the following incantation:
git clone git://git.sv.gnu.org/mdk.git
or, for those of you behind a firewall,
git clone _URL_


text:
Title: The Minimum-Entropy Algorithm and Related Methods for Calibrating Asset-Pricing Models
We describe an algorithm for calibrating asset-pricing models based on minimizing the relative entropy between probabilities. The algorithm determines a probability measure on path-space which minimizes the Kullback information with respect to a given prior and satisfies a finite number of moment constraints which correspond to fitting prices. It admits, generically, a unique, stable, solution that depends smoothly on the input prices. We study the sensitivities of the model values of contingent claims to variations in the input prices. We find that hedge ratios can be interpreted as ''risk-neutral'' regression coefficients of the contingent claim's payoff on the set of payoffs of the input instruments. We also show that the minimum-entropy algorithm is a special case of a general class of algorithms for calibrating asset-pricing models based on stochastic control and convex optimization. As an illustration, we use minimum-entropy to construct a smooth curve of instantaneous forward rates from US LIBOR data and to study the corresponding sensitivities of fixed-income securities to variations in input prices.
1991 Mathematics Subject Classification:
Keywords and Phrases:
Full text: dvi.gz 30 k, dvi 73 k, ps.gz 93 k.
Home Page of DOCUMENTA MATHEMATICA


text:
Were Cavemen bisexuals?
Archeologists have discovered 3,000-year-old rock carvings that indicate habitants during that time may have been bisexuals, Gay Star News reports.
The Kangjiashimenji Petroglyphs, the rock carvings that were discovered in a remote region in northwest China in the 80s, show that bisexuality may have been normal thousands of years ago. Archaeologist Wang Binghua found the carvings but not much has been written about them. But in a new article by Mary Mycio of Slate Magazine, the writer says the carvings show 100 figures displaying bisexuality.
"The few scholars who have studied the petroglyphs think that the larger-than-life hourglass figures that begin the tableau symbolize females," Mycio writes. "They have stylized triangular torsos, shapely hips and legs, and they wear conical headdresses with wispy decorations. Male images are smaller triangles with stick legs and bare heads. Ithyphallic is archeology-talk for 'erect penis,' and nearly all of the males have one."
She goes on to stay that there is a third set of figures, which appear to be bisexual. "Combining elements of males and females, they are ithyphallic but wear female headwear, a decoration on the chest, and sometimes a mask. They might be shamans," Mycio writes.
Mycio also describes four "scenes" where nine large women and two smaller men dance hysterically "around a large ithyphallic bisexual about to penetrate a small hourglass female with an explicit vulva." In another scene, "a second bisexual in a monkey mask is about to penetrate a small, faceless female" and another shows "a chorus line of infants emerges from a small female being penetrated simultaneously by a male and a bisexual while three more ithyphallic males await their turn."
The last scene does not show any women at all.


text:
The coupled magnetic and electronic properties of rare-earth doped GaN semiconductors have attracted a lot of interest by researchers from industry and academia in recent years. Researchers from University of Strathclyde, Osaka University (Japan) and Diamond Light Source have investigated Eu-doped GaN at Diamond beamlines B18 and I06. Their results have been published in Nature's Scientific Reports.
Unlike other trivalent rare-earth ions, Eu3+ ions have no magnetic moment in the ground state. In this research the presence of an induced magnetic moment was demonstrated using Optically Detected X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism (XMCD). Using the detection of X-ray Excited Optical Luminescence (XEOL) from Eu3+ at 622 nm scientists uniquely probed the magnetic moment of the 7F2 excited state involved in optical emission. Interestingly, the same emission line is already used in red light-emitting devices so every time these devices are switched on magnetism is induced.
The 400nm thick GaN samples with just 0.11 at% of Eu were grown on sapphire substrates at 1000°C, using a complex method called 'organometallic vapour phase epitaxy'. Samples were then studied on beamline I06 using XMCD, which compares the X-ray absorption spectra of leftand right-circularly polarised X-rays. XMCD was measured using surface-sensitive total electron yield (TEY) and bulk-sensitive XEOL. The shift of Eu M5 XMCD peak from 1128.3 eV in TEY to 1129.8 eV in XEOL was explained by the presence of magnetic Eu2+ ions on the surface and Eu3+ ions being in excited 7F2 state in the bulk. Theoretical calculations reproduced the energy shift observed in the experiment. X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) was measured on B18 beamline to confirm that bulk of the sample did not contain Eu2+ ions.
"This is the first time that an induced magnetic moment of Eu3+ ions in this excited state has been detected directly using XEOL detection of XMCD. As Eu3+ ions do not possess magnetic moment in the ground state this opens up the possibility that the magnetism can be switched on and off by shining a light or switching on and off voltage. This is a very interesting prospect that could lead to development of novel magneto-optoelectronic devices in the future. The next stage is to investigate the reported room-temperature ferromagnetic behaviour of Eu-doped GaN and whether this relates to the induced magnetic moment observed here."
Slava Kachkanov, principal investigator, Diamond Light Source
Diamond Light Source is the UK's national synchrotron science facility, located at the Harwell Science and Innovation Campus in Oxfordshire.
Copyright © 2018 Diamond Light Source
Diamond Light Source Ltd
Harwell Science & Innovation Campus


text:
Waiting to go up in smoke
|By Tom Kilcer|
Taking time and effort to prevent hay fires has never made more sense.
Many bales of expensive hay in big stacks is a recipe for financial disaster that is present to some degree on every dairy in the West.
But it is a risk that doesn't have to exist, says University of Idaho extension forage specialist Glenn Shewmaker, who has 11 strategies for dairies to reduce the risk of hay fires. They don't center around buying expensive equipment, but making time to take samples frequently, keeping records and learning what to look for.
In recent years, the price of top quality milk cow hay has often been more than $300 per ton. Any price remotely close to that means a fire, no matter how small or how quickly it is put out, will cause thousands of dollars of losses. Tens or even hundreds of thousands is much more likely, however, and not just because of hay that is destroyed outright. Cattle often refuse to eat nearby bales that are heat and smoke-damaged, which is a loss that is difficult to quantify.
Ironically, it is water in the form of plant moisture that is the key to preventing many hay fires. That's why adequate drying time for cut alfalfa in the field and proper moisture content at baling are so crucial.
Shewmaker explains that heat is generated in hay bales when microbial growth uses carbohydrates as an energy source. Plant and microbial respiration convert carbohydrates and oxygen into carbon dioxide, water and heat, which results in both weight loss (dry matter yield) and increased bale temperature.
Big bales have more risk
He says large square-ended bales are susceptible to greater storage losses and risk of spontaneous heating than small square-ended bales formed at the same moisture, mainly because of reduced surface area per unit of forage dry matter, or greater density in the bale. Water is one of the end products of microbial respiration, so the higher the moisture content of hay the higher the microbial respiration and subsequent moisture production in hay after baling.
"With moisture levels that are considered to be safe for the specific forage and bale type, bales will "sweat" and heat gradually from several degrees above ambient air temperature initially, to about 140ºF after 3 to 7 days of storage," says Shewmaker. "Hay will gradually cool back to ambient air temperature within 21 to 28 days after baling. The longer it takes, the more damage is done to hay and the more likely a fire may result."
Hay fires from spontaneous heating usually occur within six weeks after baling, but may also occur in cured hay when external moisture is added or when more oxygen is allowed inside the stack.
"The moisture content of a bale shouldn't be higher than 18 to 22 percent for small rectangular bales, 14 to 18 percent for large round bales or 14 to 16 percent for large rectangular bales," he warns. "However, these are not absolute numbers because other factors affect spontaneous heating."
If the moisture level of hay at baling is greater than what is recommended for storage, Shewmaker advises checking the moisture and temperature at least twice per day for abnormal heating.
"If hay temperature reaches 130ºF you could be on the way to a hay fire, so close attention needs to occur," he warns. "The best option is to arrange for someone to feed those bales as soon as possible. They could also be placed to allow increased air circulation and cooling.
"If hay is stacked tightly or in a barn and the temperature climbs to 150ºF or greater, call the fire department and be prepared to inject water to cool any hot spots before moving the hay. Don't move the hay without fire suppression equipment if it is smoking, if you can see charred centers in bales, or if you can smell a strong odor. If additional oxygen reaches areas near high-temperature hay it can burst into flames."
Shewmaker says hay producers, brokers and buyers need to avoid situations that raise the risk of hay fires and take necessary precautions. The following are 11 strategies to minimize the potential of heat-damaged hay and spontaneous heating:
Fire prevention strategies
1. Record day(s) of cutting and drying conditions in a journal.
2. Monitor hay moisture before raking, tedding and baling. Use a tactile (feel) method to evaluate hay moisture. If a single-probe electronic meter is used, use a windrow sampling tool appropriate to simulate the bale density that electronic moisture probes are designed to operate.
3. Record the day of raking, tedding and inversion, as well as baling and drying conditions.
4. Test the first three bales from a field with a hand-held electronic moisture probe in two places on each side or ends of the bale (a total of 12 readings) and note the low, high and average. If average moisture is below the maximum for the type of bale and forage, continue baling.
5. Observe the baler moisture meter if available and/or the bale pressure indicator. When anything changes, get out and retest more bales as in strategy No. 4.
6. Record the date, time, weather conditions and moisture average and range at baling in your journal.
7. Mark any bales with higher moisture than desired and notify the person stacking the hay to separate them from dry bales with space between bales to facilitate air movement and drying. Try to feed those bales as soon as possible. Do not store any bales with moisture over the recommended level for that bale type in a large stack or hay shed.
8. Review and comply with your insurance carrier's requirements for fire insurance coverage.
9. If moisture is marginal, stack large bales in a single column with no more than 500 tons per stack. Under these circumstances, allow at least 100 feet of separation to the nearest adjacent stack. Lay out the stack so it can be quickly broken apart with a loader. Avoid mixing different lots of hay because of marketing and hay fire issues. If bale moisture is marginal, monitor moisture and temperature in the stack at about 20 random or systematic locations.
10. Obtain a bale core sample, double sack the core sample in two ziplock plastic bags, and promptly submit it to a National Forage Testing Association certified lab for moisture and forage quality analysis.
11. Protect stored hay from external weather and water by elevating the base and having adequate rain gutters to direct the flow of water away from the stack.


text:
Kentucky Historical Society
KHS to Host Family History Workshop Sept. 8
FRANKFORT, Ky. (Aug. 23, 2012) – The Kentucky Historical Society (KHS) and Kentucky Genealogical Society (KGS) will host a free family history workshop at 10:30 a.m. Saturday, Sept. 8, at the Thomas D. Clark Center for Kentucky History in downtown Frankfort. Topics include Frankfort Cemetery and how to locate and document burial sites.
The morning session will be a presentation about the historic Frankfort Cemetery by its former superintendent, Jim Richardson. Frankfort Cemetery, incorporated in 1844, is on the National Register of Historic Places and is the final resting place of 17 Kentucky governors and a number of notable military leaders, civic leaders, artists, writers and early pioneers, including Daniel Boone. Participants will receive driving directions and a map of Frankfort Cemetery, and be able to visit the cemetery after the workshop, weather permitting.
In the afternoon, Tina Wingate will talk about her work documenting Frankfort Cemetery. She will also demonstrate strategies for using findagrave.com to locate ancestors' burial sites, post photos and gravestone transcriptions, and document cemeteries.
To make a reservation, contact the KHS Reference Desk at _PHONE_, ext. 4460 or _EMAIL_. The registration deadline for this workshop is noon Friday, Sept. 7.
Presented by KHS and KGS on the second Saturday of each month, each free family history workshop takes place at the Center for Kentucky History. Topics range from how to begin documenting your ancestry to specialized resources for experienced genealogists. If requested at the time of registration, an optional light lunch is available for $6, payable at the door.
-30-An agency of the Kentucky Tourism, Arts and Heritage Cabinet, the Kentucky Historical Society, established in 1836, is committed to helping people understand, cherish and share Kentucky's history. The KHS history campus includes the Thomas D. Clark Center for Kentucky History, the Old State Capitol and the Kentucky Military History Museum at the State Arsenal. For more information about the Kentucky Historical Society and its programs, visit _URL_.


text: This rare instrument, combining a transverse flute and an oboe in the form of a walking stick, is made of narwhal tusk, a precious material once valued higher than gold and believed to be from the horn of the mythological unicorn. Georg Henrich Scherer was the last and most important member of a well-known eighteenth-century family of German woodwind makers. Among his clients was Frederick the Great, who played and owned a small collection of flutes. The king pursued a scientific interest in testing the acoustical attributes of different materials, which may account in part for the use of narwhal tusk. This instrument is said to have been a gift from Frederick to his finance minister. Scherer made a similar instrument, now in the Landesmuseum, Darmstadt. Walking-stick instruments became fashionable in the first half of the nineteenth century, but were usually conceived as a single instrument, be it a recorder, a fiddle, or a flute.


Let's Make Robots!
Processing Help -Draw line at given angle
If someone could point me in the right direction here -ormaybe a link to some code examples.
I would like to draw a line from a fixed point, a given length and at a given angle. I have found some examples that show a line that will follow your mouse and will rotate around a fixed point, but not one including length.
Here is what I am looking at doing:
I want to draw a map (just a line showing a path) on my screen as walter travels around. Each time walter changes direction, a little data packet is sent describing his last move. I.e.
fwd (16) counts (send that to processing and a line is drawn from starting point and is (16) units long)
rotated (4) counts or 1/4 turn (send to processing and the angle of the next line is determined)
fwd (27) counts (a line, 27 units long is drawn at the angle determined above)
Each new line segment will start from the end of the last one drawn.
Comment viewing options
No problem. Glad I could help. I took a deeper look how that serial lib works in Processing and found out it supports events. So instead of checking if there's something available in serial port every now and then (or every draw() call like in my previous post) you can use serialEvent method call to catch an event when there's something available. Could be useful in your app if you don't already use it (check also bufferUntil). Here's something I put together (sorry again for a long post):
import processing.serial.*;
PGraphics buffer;
PImage img;
Serial PicPort;
String myString = null;
int cr = 13; // strings are terminated by ascii 13: carriage return aka newline
float oldangle = 0;
float x0 = 0;
float y0 = 0;
float x1 = 0;
float y1 = 0;
float angle = 0;
float travel = 0;
void setup() {
 // parent comport baud parity databits stopbit
 PicPort = new Serial(this, Serial.list()[0], 4800, 'N', 8, 1.0);
 PicPort.bufferUntil(cr); // Buffer until CR is found (before calling serialEvent)
 // Create an off-screen buffer and initial image.
 buffer = createGraphics(600, 400, JAVA2D);
 buffer.translate(width / 2, height / 2);
 buffer.ellipse(0,0, 10,10);
 img = buffer.get(0, 0, buffer.width, buffer.height);
void draw() {
 translate(width / 2, height / 2);
 image(img, -width/2, -height/2);
// This gets called whenever there's data available
void serialEvent(Serial p) {
 myString = p.readStringUntil(cr);
 if (myString!= null) {
 // println(myString);
 // examples of myString: "r:259", "t:18", "t:0"
 String telemetry [] = split(myString, ":");
 if (telemetry.length == 2) {
 String qualifier = telemetry[0];
 float value = float(telemetry[1]); // WHY won't this convert to int?!?!
 int valint = int(value);
 // println (qualifier +"="+ valint);
 if (qualifier.equals("r")) {
 // rotation
 angle = oldangle + value / 360 * TWO_PI; // input ranges 0-359, result is in radians
 // println ("rotated: " + value + " degrees" +" "+ angle +" radians");
 if (qualifier.equals("t")) {
 // travel
 travel = value / 50 * width *.01; // input ranges 0-50, result is in 1% increments of screen width
 // println ("traveled: " + value + " mickeys" +" "+ travel +" pixels");
 // background(192);
 x1 = x0 + travel * cos(angle);
 y1 = y0 + travel * sin(angle);
 buffer.translate(width / 2, height / 2);
 buffer.line(x0,y0, x1, y1);
 oldangle = angle;
 x0 = x1;
 y0 = y1;
I noticed that sometimes the sketch freezes like there's nothing coming out from serial port even when there is. I'm not sure if it's a problem with sketch itself or the underlying library. Serial library seems to use RXTX and I remember having some problems with it a few years back (although it could have been my mistake then too).
You know rik, I have been playing with the code and to be honest, I just don't want to bother converting to a 256 circle. It is simply worth using a word to get the 359 that I need. In reality, most of the time I would not need anything past 270. I tried sending a - along with my travel distance (r:0) and sure enough, it back-tracked along it's own line. Perfect.
You know, I thought I was done with hardware on Walter and here I am adding 2 more encoders and one more picaxe. Not to mention I just added a RFID reader and the new voice box.
That is why the Good Lord made min and max, my friend.
As we all know, picaxe does not like negitive numbers. I would say that I will have to find a mid-point between a given min and max and have processing translate that mid-point to 0 and thus go positive and negitive from there. To be honest, it was very late last night when I was playing with your code so I didn't have a lot of time to figure out numbers. I have a lot of chores to do today, but if I get them done and get to play with my computer, I have some test plans in the works:
I was figuring on two pots with a debug to sertxd or LCD for turns and distance. A push button would send the data after it is dialed in by the pot. This way I can see exactly what I am sending and what I am getting. I'll probably write all that down on a piece of paper using a pencil. From there, I just need to find my notes on my encoder count math and do the conversion. Should be pretty simple. Not to mention, one of my chores today is to get this house cleaned up --which is needed for walter to go "free range"... There are a couple "sonar holes" that need a piece of cardboard in front of them and a big sonar-soaking couch which appears as infinity and is thus a walter-magnet. I should have some solid working results soon.
Word to ya motha'
The picaxe does not NEED to understand negatives, as long as it is transmitting the "-" character when appropriate. But then of course, who needs it: 30 degrees CCW = 330 degrees CW anyways.
The real fun starts with using a circle made of degrees 0-255, so that it will always fit inside a byte. You might want to make up a silly, distinctive name for that unit. Wikipedia probably already has it on file. Without the funny.
Another advantage of the single byte approach to headings/bearings: the roll-over at the bottom and top of the range:
255 + 1 = 256 = 0
2 - 3 = -1 = 255
is called a "brad" (binary rad).