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2 Working with family groups and networks
In this section you will study the impacts of social work intervention. You are asked to consider various aspects of applied social work practice with individuals and their personal networks. Children and families social workers are often engaged in finding placements and 'new' families for looked after children. Workers in adult services are also concerned with transitions between home, hospital and care homes. Social work interventions can have significant impact on service users and their kin as well as on their friendships and wider community supports. All these loyalties are very significant in people's lives, therefore interventions should take account of them.
The importance of communities and long-term friendships to many adults should not be underestimated. This is especially the case with many adult service users who develop strong friendships built on years of shared experiences. They may also have community support networks which complement or replace relatives and friends who live at a distance. Children's friendships are very important too, and offer vital peer support and a sense of not being alone.
It can be argued that working with several individuals at once enables a more effective exchange of information and perspective. In this section, you are asked to think about the dynamics of working with families as groups. In social work practice, this could happen in many ways: for example, with adoptive families, foster families, families by choice and close networks, biological families, single adults and their networks, and couples.
Working with families as a whole (or with individuals and their social support networks) to enable them towards increased wellbeing remains part of the social work role, whether it comes about through planning meetings, case conferences or assessments and longer-term involvement.


1805 Sydney's first commercial dairy
Dr John Harris
Sydney's first commercial dairy was built by Dr John Harris on his Ultimo estate, now an inner suburb. Harris was a naval surgeon and magistrate who became one of the colony's largest landowners. Ultimo's Harris Street is named after him.
In 1793, Harris bought the estate of James Ruse, Australia's first ex-convict farmer, at Parramatta. Over following years he acquired more land, including estates at Ultimo, Drummoyne and Bathurst. By 1800 he owned 315 acres (127 ha) of land and had acquired 431 head of stock.
The Ultimo estate was subdivided in 1859. Until then it remained as farmland, in possession of the Harris family.
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This is The Rock
The mission of the Rock Ethics Institute is to promote ethical literacy and catalyze ethical leadership throughout the Penn State community and to foster interdisciplinary ethics research designed to address significant social issues and pressing world problems.
Our aspiration is that students, faculty, and community members—Meet the challenge. Stand up. Make a difference.
We are an Institute "without walls:"
- We serve the entire Pennsylvania State University and collaborate with all Colleges and academic units to integrate ethics throughout the Penn State curriculum and to provide resources that support ethically responsible research in all disciplines;
- The Institute supports and promotes a deeply interdisciplinary approach to ethics research. Our goal is to embed ethical analyses into interdisciplinary research topics paying special attention to achieving this aim through embedded ethics research in science and engineering;
- Underscoring the importance of exchanges between the University and broader communities, we work to raise awareness of the ethical dimensions of pressing social problems within the larger public, as well as supporting policy-makers and other stakeholders by providing resources for ethically informed responses to pressing world problems.
Guiding the work of the Rock Ethics Institute is our commitment to ethical literacy, which we define as:
- the ability to identify ethical problems and to recognize the complex issues that they raise; and
- the ability to evaluate ethical problems from multiple perspectives and to assess disagreements about, and proposed responses to, these problems.
The Rock Ethics Institute aims to help people better understand the different cultural contexts of ethical problems, disagreements, and solutions. We believe that in today's world, ethical literacy is essential to being active, informed citizens, and to living vibrant professional and personal lives.
Through education, research, and outreach, we catalyze ethically informed scholarship, promote ethical literacy, and encourage ethical decision-making at Penn State and beyond.
- Education: We encourage the ongoing development of curricular units and innovative courses on theoretical and practical issues in ethics for use by Penn State faculty and the broader community. Our events and workshops support ethically informed research across the disciplines and aim to ensure that every student inherits a legacy of ethical integrity and ethical leadership as part of their Penn State education.
- Research: By embedding ethics into multiple research domains we positively impact scholarship and provide ethically informed decision support resources to help solve complex social problems. Further, by introducing ethical literacy into research and policy, we strive to foreground ethics in professional and public dialogue.
- Outreach: We support local, national, and international projects that promote general ethical awareness by working with community and public leaders through a variety of outreach activities. We also highlight examples of individuals who have demonstrated courage, fortitude, and ethical leadership, and provide educational resources to increase ethical literacy, both locally and globally.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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It's a popular belief that crossword puzzle games are an addictive way of indulging in fun and entertainment. But, it's a lot more than that.
Among the variety of online crossword puzzle games available on the internet, play and earn real money by solving puzzles.
Yes, online puzzle games like Wealth Words gives crossword lovers the opportunity to win cash prizes. So, do you want to indulge in real money earning games?
Willing to take the crossword plunge? Well, before you begin, let's take a closer look at its various pros. It would help you understand the game better.
1. Enhances coordination skills
When you are playing an online crossword, your focus is intact. Your brain goes through a lot of mental stimulation as you try to decipher the clues.
In fact, it requires you to coordinate the audio, visual and physical movements to keep your concentration intact. This works wonders in enhancing your coordination skills.
2. Facilitates problem-solving skills
Crossword puzzle games come with certain rules. For instance, Wealth Words gives its players a time limit of an hour to solve the puzzle. Hence, you need to follow these guidelines and make quick decisions while solving the puzzle. This can serve as a great way of nurturing your problem-solving skills.
3. Impeccable learning source
Crossword puzzle online games are designed to improve the cognitive and creative skills of a person. So, it can be a great source of learning.
In fact, a lot of educational institutions are including these games into their teaching curriculum. It not only improve the academic skills of children but also makes learning fun.
4. Accelerates the brain's speed
Your brain keeps on thinking continuously while solving a crossword puzzle.
This puts the brain through both audio and visual stimulation. Thereby, ensuring that the brain is used to the fullest and processes everything in a much faster way.
5. Provides financial independence
As mentioned earlier, playing real money earning games like Wealth Words can give you a chance to win real money. So, wouldn't it work wonders for your financial independence?
Imagine watching your bank balance scale up as you play and earn money by solving puzzles. How great would it be?
6. Polishes social skills
When solved in a group, online puzzle games can work as a great communication starter. This at times leads to the development of new friendships and relationships.
In fact, it can be a great way for elder people to bond. They can discover like-minded people through these games and enjoy solving crosswords together.
On the whole, money earning games come with a lot of benefits. And, since these are available as online puzzle games, you can play it anywhere and anytime.
All you need is a digital device with a strong internet/wifi connection to unleash your gaming streak. So, if you haven't already started playing it, it's high time you do it. Best of luck.


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Skip to Main Content
Cavity size and copper root pruning affect production and establishment of container-grown longleaf pine seedlingsAuthor(s): Mary Anne Sword Sayer; James D. Haywood; Shi-Jean Susana Sung
Source: Forest Science
Publication Series: Scientific Journal (JRNL)
PDF: Download Publication (677.0 KB)
DescriptionWith six container types, we tested the effects of cavity size (i.e., 60, 93, and 170 ml) and copper root pruning on the root system development of longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) seedlings grown in a greenhouse. We then evaluated root egress during a root growth potential test and assessed seedling morphology and root system development 1 year after planting in central Louisiana, USA. Seedling size was increased by copper root pruning in small cavities but was unaffected by this treatment in larger cavities. Before planting, copper root pruning increased taproot and secondary lateral root dry weights at the expense of primary lateral root dry weight and increased root growth potential in the top 5 cm of the root plug. Across treatments, survival was 97%, and all seedlings were in the grass stage. Of the lateral root dry weight that elongated during the first year after planting, 33% more occurred in the upper 5 cm of soil when seedlings were treated with copper. Within each cavity size, copper root pruning did not affect the general morphology of 1-year-old seedlings. However, relationships between root collar diameter and root egress by depth indicated that this treatment has the potential to increase the range of cavity sizes used for seedling production.
- You may send email to _EMAIL_ to request a hard copy of this publication.
- (Please specify exactly which publication you are requesting and your mailing address.)
- We recommend that you also print this page and attach it to the printout of the article, to retain the full citation information.
- This article was written and prepared by U.S. Government employees on official time, and is therefore in the public domain.
CitationSword Sayer, Mary Anne; Haywood, James D.; Sung, Shi-Jean Susana. 2009. Cavity size and copper root pruning affect production and establishment of container-grown longleaf pine seedlings. Forest Science. 55(5): 377-389.
Keywordscopperblock, copper oxychloride, Pinus palustris Mill., Superblock, taproot
- The persistence of container nursery treatments on the field performance and root system morphology of longleaf pine seedlings
- Longleaf Pine Root System Development and Seedling Quality in Response to Copper Root Pruning and Cavity Size
- Long-Term Container Effects on Root System Architecture of Longleaf Pine
XML: View XML


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Every now and then, an author comes around that is worth reading, even after death. Howard Peckham is that author. Peckham, who died in 1995 served as both a history professor at the University of Michigan and director of the Clements Library from _PHONE_. He wrote numerous articles and several books during his life. His most well-known book was Pontiac and the Indian Uprising (1948), which explored the famous Indian rebellion of 1763 led by Pontiac, in which he placed Pontiac in the context of a local leader within a greater anti-English movement by the Native Americans.
Another well-known work by Peckham is The Colonial Wars, _PHONE_ (1964). This book chronicles the history of the series of wars between the English and French, and their respective colonists in North America, as well as the Native Americans. This work, though dated, is well worth reading in order to begin understanding much of the period covered by this site. If one desires great reads by an accomplished historian, then consider reading Howard Peckham.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Translate trial | into French | into German | into Italian | into Spanish
Definition of trial
1a formal examination of evidence before a judge, and typically before a jury, in order to decide guilt in a case of criminal or civil proceedings:the newspaper accounts of the trial the editor was summoned to stand trial for libel 2a test of the performance, qualities, or suitability of someone or something:clinical trials must establish whether the new hip replacements are working an athletic contest to test the ability of players eligible for selection to a team.
) an event in which horses, dogs, or other animals compete or perform:horse trials
3a person, thing, or situation that tests a person's endurance or forbearance:the trials and tribulations of married life
verb (trials, trialing, trialed ; Britishtrials, trialling, trialled)
1 [with object] test (something, especially a new product) to assess its suitability or performance:all seeds are carefully trialed in a variety of growing conditions 2 [no object] (of a horse, dog, or other animal) compete in trials:the pup trialed on Saturday


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Anson County, North Carolina
From FamilySearch Wiki
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==== Record Loss ====
==== Record Loss ====
'''1868--'''A courthouse fire destroyed many records.
'''1868--'''A courthouse fire destroyed many records
== Places/Localities ==
== Places/Localities ==
Revision as of 20:34, 31 December 2012
|Anson County, North Carolina|
Location in the state of North Carolina
Location of North Carolina in the U.S.
Anson County Courthouse
N Green Street P O Box 352
Wadesboro, NC 28170
Death & Register of Deeds has birth records from 1913
marriage records from 1869 and land records
Clerk Superior Court has divorce from 1868
Probate records from 1750 & court records from 1770
"The county was formed in 1750 from Bladen County. It was named for George Anson, Baron Anson, a British admiral, who circumnavigated the globe from 1740 to 1744, and later became First Lord of the Admiralty. Like its parent county, Anson County was originally a vast territory with indefinite northern and western boundaries. Reductions in its extent began in 1753, when the northern part of it became Rowan County. In 1762 the western part of Anson County became Mecklenburg County. In 1779 the northern part of what remained of Anson County became Montgomery County, and the part east of the Pee Dee River became Richmond County. Finally, in 1842 the western part of Anson County was combined with the southeastern part of Mecklenburg County to become Union County."
Anson County was named in honor of British Admiral Lord George Anson, a First Lord of the Admiralty. He commanded the vessel which brought Princess Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz Germany, to her future husband King George III. Germans to the area around Anson County, as did many settlers from the British Isles, Africa, and Moravia. In 1750 Anson County was formed from Bladen County. At that time, it reached all the way to the Mississippi River. Although it has been cut in physical size five times since then, the people of that county have enabled its presence to reach beyond the Mississippi to the far corners of the world.
1868--A courthouse fire destroyed many records.
Retired North Carolina State Archivist Thornton Mitchell's article can help you discover your Anson County ancestors despite record loss:
- Mitchell, Thornton W. "Problems of Anson County Records," The North Carolina Genealogical Society Journal, Vol. 15, No. 2 (May 1989):66-68. FHL Book 975.6 B2s v. 15 (1989).
- Chesterfield County, South Carolina
- Marlboro County, South Carolina
For tips on accessing Anson County, North Carolina census records online, see: North Carolina Census.
- Beaverdam. Constituted 1790.
- Cartledge Creek aka Dockery's Meeting House, near Rockingham, N.C. Organized about 1774. Currently located in Richmond County.
- Fork of Little River. Church built 1758. Later located in Montgomery County.
- Hitchcock. Constituted 1772. Edwards published a membership list dated 1772 in Materials Towards a History of the Baptists... (1772), 128. Later located in Richmond County.
- Pee Dee River. Constituted 1785.
- Rocky River, Burnsville, N.C. Began before 1772.
Church of England
- St. George's Parish. Established 1749.
- Anson County Heritage, North Carolina, 1995. Wadesboro, N.C.: Don Mills & Anson County Heritage Book Committee, 1995. FHL Book _PHONE_ H2ac.
- [Burns] Kelman, Helen Parker. Parkers of Anson Co., N.C. with the Burnses and Curlees. Raleigh, N.C.: H.P. Kelman, c1993, 2001. FHL Collection.
- [Curlee] Kelman, Helen Parker. Parkers of Anson Co., N.C. with the Burnses and Curlees. Raleigh, N.C.: H.P. Kelman, c1993, 2001. FHL Collection.
- [Gulledge] Wiggins, Marie Gulledge. "Anson County, North Carolina Marriages," "Anson County, North Carolina Records," and "Anson County, North Carolina Court Records," Marie G. Wiggins Genealogical Collection Including Variant Surnames. MSS. Microfilmed 1993: FHL Film _PHONE_ Items 3-5.
- [Hardin] Craig, Marion Stark. Benjamin Hardin (IV): _PHONE_ (Revolutionary War Soldier and Pensioner) and Wife, Elizabeth Scott and Their Family Connections: A Genealogical Compilation. Little Rock, Ark.: M.S. Craig, 1991. FHL Book 929.273 H219c.
- [Helms] Myers, Sara M. and Sallie C. Pressley. George Helms and Tilman Helms, _PHONE_: History & Genealogy of the Helms Family, Pioneers of Anson & Meck. Counties, North Carolina, Five Generations. Cassopolis, Mich.: S.M. Myers, 1981. FHL Book 929.273 H369m.
- [Huntley] Redfearn, Daniel Huntley. History of the Redfearn Family. Miami, Fla.: n.p., 1942. FHL Book 929.273 R247 1942.
- [Jarman] German, John L. "Finding the Father of David German of North Carolina and Shelby County, Indiana," The American Genealogist, Vol. 68, No. 2 (Apr. 1993):87-94.
- [McLendon] Redfearn, Rosalind McLendon. The McLendons of Anson County. Wadesboro, N.C.: n.p., 1957. FHL Film 496748 Item 1.
- [Moore] Austin, Nancy Jane Moore and Mary Lois Moore Yandle. The Moore Families of Anson and Union Counties, North Carolina: _PHONE_. Charlotte, N.C.: N.J.M. Austin, c1988. FHL Fiche _PHONE_ (5 fiche).
- [Parker] Kelman, Helen Parker. Parkers of Anson Co., N.C. with the Burnses and Curlees. Raleigh, N.C.: H.P. Kelman, c1993, 2001. FHL Collection.
- [Preslar] Dunn, Edwin C. Some Genealogical Notes on the Preslar/Presley Family of Anson Co., N.C. Albuquerque, N.M.: E.C. Dunn, 1985. FHL Book 929.273 P926d.
- [Presley] Dunn, Edwin C. Some Genealogical Notes on the Preslar/Presley Family of Anson Co., N.C. Albuquerque, N.M.: E.C. Dunn, 1985. FHL Book 929.273 P926d.
- [Redfearn] Redfearn, Daniel Huntley. History of Redfearn Family. Miami, Fla.: n.p., 1942. FHL Book 929.273 R247 1942.
- [Redfearn] Redfearn, Daniel Huntley. History of the Redfearn Family. Miami, Fla.: Redfearn, 1954. FHL Book 929.273 R247 1954.
- [Redfearn] Redfern, Michael Robert. The History of the Redfearn Family Revisited. Louisville, Colo.: M.R. Redfern, c2005. FHL Book 929.273 R247rm.
- [Reed] Craig, Marion Stark. Benjamin Hardin (IV): _PHONE_ (Revolutionary War Soldier and Pensioner) and Wife, Elizabeth Scott and Their Family Connections: A Genealogical Compilation. Little Rock, Ark.: M.S. Craig, 1991. FHL Book 929.273 H219c.
- [Reed] Craig, Marion Stark. Joseph Reed (Died 1751) of Anson County, NC & Wife, Elizabeth, Who Married James Deacon and Lived in Rowan County, NC: A Genealogical Compilation. Little Rock, Ark.: M.S. Craig, 1991. FHL Book 929.273 R251cm.
- [Sheppard] Sheppard, Thomas C. The Sheppard Family: Descendants of William Sheppard of Anson County, North Carolina. Fairmont, W.Va.: T.C. Sheppard, 1992. FHL Film _PHONE_ Item 6; digital version at Family History Archives.
- [Taylor] Taylor, James L. Stephen Taylor and Descendants, Johnston and Anson Counties, North Carolina and Westward 1750's-1996. Typescript. Microfilmed 2001: FHL Film _PHONE_ Item 14; digital version at Family History Archives.
- [Wall]] Thomas, Anne Wall. The Walls of Walltown: The Known Descendants of James Wall of Anson County, North Carolina. Carrboro, N.C.: A.W


Back to Quizzes
Can you name celebrities on the cover of TV Guide in 1980?
Actors look a little different in ink and oil.
You would recognize all these actors from classic TV shows. In photographs.
Illustrations? Those are a little harder. Artists are more subjective. Which can make identifying the stars on TV Guide a little tougher. Back in the day, the magazine loved to use paintings and drawings on the covers.
All of the following covers hit newsstands and grocery aisles in 1980. Keep that in mind as you try to match the cover with the TV show. Good luck!
 1. What show featured these porthole people?
 2. Recognize this trio?
 3. The sunglasses and hat should help.
 4. Where could you find this fellow?
 5. How about this trio?
 6. Who is the actor on the left?
 7. Recognize this duo?
 8. These two TV veterans teamed up on which show?
 9. Where could you watch these bubbly personalities?
 10. Recognize these eyebrows?
 11. What about this clan?
 12. What was the name of this 'All in the Family' spin-off?
 13. What was the name of this 'BJ and the Bear' spin-off?
 14. Do these women ring a bell?
 15. Finally, we have this drama. What was it called?
Your Result...
Share your results:


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DefaultCredentials Property
Collapse the table of content
Expand the table of content
CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials Property
Gets the system credentials of the application.
Namespace: System.Net
Assemblies: System (in System.dll)
 System.Net.Primitives (in System.Net.Primitives.dll)
Public Shared ReadOnly Property DefaultCredentials As ICredentials
Property Value
Type: System.Net.ICredentials
An ICredentials that represents the system credentials of the application.
The DefaultCredentials property applies only to NTLM, negotiate, and Kerberos-based authentication.
DefaultCredentials represents the system credentials for the current security context in which the application is running. For a client-side application, these are usually the Windows credentials (user name, password, and domain) of the user running the application. For ASP.NET applications, the default credentials are the user credentials of the logged-in user, or the user being impersonated.
To get the credentials as a NetworkCredential instance, use the DefaultNetworkCredentials property.
The supported values for authType are "NTLM", "Digest", "Kerberos", and "Negotiate". This method does not work for HTTP or FTP protocols.
The ICredentials instance returned by DefaultCredentials cannot be used to view the user name, password, or domain of the current security context.
The following code example uses the DefaultCredentials property to get the system credentials of the application.
' Assuming "Windows Authentication" has been set as;
' Directory Security settings for default web site in IIS.
Dim url As String = "http://localhost"
' Create a 'HttpWebRequest' object with the specified url.
Dim myHttpWebRequest As HttpWebRequest = CType(WebRequest.Create(url), HttpWebRequest)
' Assign the credentials of the logged in user or the user being impersonated.
myHttpWebRequest.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials
' Send the 'HttpWebRequest' and wait for response.
Dim myHttpWebResponse As HttpWebResponse = CType(myHttpWebRequest.GetResponse(), HttpWebResponse)
Console.WriteLine("Authentication successful")
Console.WriteLine("Response received successfully")
.NET Framework
.NET Framework Client Profile
Supported in: 4, 3.5 SP1
.NET for Windows Phone apps
Supported in: Windows Phone 8.1, Windows Phone Silverlight 8
© 2015 Microsoft


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General resources and suggestions for education
- Make announcements about how to be good stewards of God's earth.
- Reuse supplies and purchase sustainable supplies for Christian education.
- Collect disposable items to use in children's craft projects (egg cartons, toilet paper rolls, bottle caps).
- Hold an educational event in addition to Earth Day Sunday worship to celebrate Earth Day, which occurs every year on April 22.
- Schedule earth care speakers or programs: Presbyterians for Earth Care Regional Representatives
- Provide books on earth care at your church's library: Earth Ministry Book list
Educate members on sustainable lifestyle choices
- Encourage members to give up bottled water.
- Start a book club on earth care issues.
- Encourage church members to perform home energy audits or carbon calculations.
- Encourage members to learn about environmental health choices.
- PHP's Just Living series, resources on lifestyle integrity
- Encourage church members to invest in socially and environmentally responsible stocks. Learn more from PC(USA) Mission Responsibility Through Investment (MRTI).
Earth care themed DVDs with faith-based guides
- Renewal: A documentary about people of faith working on environmental stewardship with tools
- Earth Ministry Study Guide and clips to accompany Ken Burns' The National Parks: America's Best Idea
- Deep Down: A documentary on mountaintop removal coal mining
- Let There Be... Stuff? Six-session curriculum connecting faith, consumerism and environmental stewardship from GreenFaith and the Story of Stuff Project
Find earth care curricula
- Eco-Justice Ministries Curriculum Review for all ages
- Just Eating? Practicing Our Faith at the Table, Presbyterian Hunger Program Curriculum with versions for middle school students (available in English and Spanish) and adults
- God's Creation, Our Health: Taking Action Together is a PCUSA four-session study for older elementary youth that connects faith, environmental stewardship, and young people in Peru to young people in our U.S. congregations:
Vacation Bible School curriculum with an earth care theme
- Solar Under the Sun curriculum for VBS
- Living Waters for the World Clean Water for All God's Children VBS curriculum
The preceding tips and resources were derived from PC(USA)'s
Earth Care Congregations
2018 Guide to Greening Presbyterian Churches.


How To Identify a Means of Egress
2. Identify: If the tactic of using observation to ascertain the location of a means of egress is unsuccessful, please execute this more advanced protocol.
a. Attempt to use logic to identify the means of egress. For example, anything that is transparent is most likely a window. This is a means of egress, but not the preferred one (See step 3).
b. If the previous effort is unsuccessful, look for these telltale signs a surface is a means of egress:
i. It has a knob
ii. It has a hinge
iii. It is in a frame
iv. It has a sign indicating that it is a means of egress
c. If you remain unable to deduce a means of egress, proceed to step 3.
BACK TO STEP 1 STEP 3
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Wisconsin's population could grow by 800,000 people over the next three decades. A report from the state and UW-Madison Applied Population Laboratory projects a 14 percent growth rate over the next 30 years, which would bring the state population up to 6.5 million residents by 2040.
The report is based on 2010 census data and other population projection models, according to David Egan-Robertson with the UW-Madison Applied Population Laboratory. He says it's meant to help officials get an idea of the possible age distribution, mortality rates, and migrations into the state in the coming years.
Egan-Robertson says they expect the most rapid growth over the next decade or so, as the economy improves. The addition of more jobs will spark new migration into Wisconsin, which usually increases birth rates as well.
Growth could drop off around 2026, as the leading edge of the baby boomers start hitting their mid-80s. Egan-Roberts says nearly one-in-four Wisconsinites are expected to be age 65 or older by 2040, which is almost double the level of where that demographic currently rests.
Information from the report is expected to help the state project and plan what infrastructure improvements and additional services may be needed as the make-up of the population changes.
AUDIO: Andrew Beckett reports (1:20)


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October 22, 2012
Contact: Joey McCool Ryan, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, _PHONE_ or _EMAIL_
Parents with a higher number of stressors in their lives are more likely to have obese children, according to a new study by pediatric researchers. Furthermore, when parents perceive themselves to be stressed, their children eat fast food more often, compared to children whose parents feel less stressed.
"Stress in parents may be an important risk factor for child obesity and related behaviors," said Elizabeth Prout Parks, MD, a physician nutrition specialist at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, who led a study published online today in the November issue of Pediatrics. "The severity and number of stressors are important."
Among the parental stressors associated with childhood obesity are poor physical and mental health, financial strain, and leading a single-parent household, said Prout-Parks. Although previous researchers had found a connection between parental stress and child obesity, the current study covered a more diverse population, both ethnically and socioeconomically, than did previous studies.
The study team suggested that interventions aimed at reducing parental stress and teaching coping skills may assist public health campaigns in addressing childhood obesity.
The researchers analyzed self-reported data from 2,119 parents and caregivers who participated in telephone surveys in the 2006 Southeastern Pennsylvania Household Health Survey/Community Health Database, conducted in Philadelphia and neighboring suburbs. The households contained children aged 3 to 17, among whom 25 percent were obese. Among the variables included were parental stressors, parent-perceived stress, age, race, health quality and gender of children, adult levels of education, BMI, gender, sleep quality, and outcomes such as child obesity, fast-food consumption, fruit and vegetable consumption, and physical activity.
Of the measured stressors, single-parent households had the strongest relationship with child obesity, while financial stress had the strongest relationship for a child not being physically active. Unexpectedly, neither parent stressors nor parent-perceived stress was associated with decreased fruit and vegetable consumption by their children.
However, this study was the first to find an association between parent-perceived stress and more frequent fast-food consumption by children. Fast food, often containing high quantities of fat and sugar, is an important risk factor for obesity and child health. The researchers speculated that parents experiencing stress may buy more fast food for the family, to save time or reduce the demands of meal preparation. The authors also suggest that actual and perceived parental stress may result in less supervision of children, who may then make unhealthy food and activity choices.
"Although multiple stressors can elicit a 'stressor pile-up,' causing adverse physical health in children, parent's perception of their general stress level may be more important than the actual stressors," the authors write.
Future research on child obesity should further examine other family behaviors and community factors not available in the current study, conclude the authors. In addition, "Clinical care, research and other programs might reduce levels of childhood obesity by developing supportive measures to reduce stressors on parents," said Prout-Parks. "Teaching alternative coping strategies to parents might also help them to reduce their perceived stress."
"Influence of Stress in Parents on Child Obesity and Related Behaviors," Pediatrics, published online Oct. 22, 2012, and in print, Nov. 2012. _URL_
Dr. Prout-Parks' co-authors were Shiriki Kumanyika, PhD, MPH, from the Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Renee H. Moore, PhD, Center for Weight and Eating Disorders and Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics at Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Nicolas Stettler, MD, MSCE, of Exponent, Inc.; Brian H. Wrotniak, PhD, Center for Weight and Eating Disorders and the University of Buffalo; and Anne Kazak, PhD, ABPP, of The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.


small acts of wellness
ThoughtFull Board brings awareness and lasting change to your child's physical and mental health.
daily wellness chart for kids
* guidelines made by child-development experts
* promotes independence in kids
* encourages mindful decision making
* celebrates progress
* creates a lifestyle that will last a lifetime
* daily wellness chart for kids
empowering tools for next-level moms
* no more nagging! Provides structure at home and encourages kids to make great decisions independently
* small decisions repeated lead to a healthy, balanced life
* ThoughtFull Board addresses all areas of personal wellness including: nutrition, activity, screen-time, adequate sleep and acts of kindness.
* ThoughtFull Board has been beautifully designed to compliment any space in the home
ThoughtFull Parenting Blog


a town in SE New Brunswick, in SE Canada.
a town in SE Michigan.
Read Also:
 - Riverward
 adverb 1. Also, riverwards. toward a river. adjective 2. facing a river.
 - Riverweed
 noun 1. any of several chiefly tropical submerged aquatic plants of the genus Podostemum and related genera, growing in rapidly moving streams.
 - River-wheat
 noun 1. poulard wheat. poulard wheat noun 1. a Mediterranean wheat, Triticum turgidum, grown as a forage crop in the U.S.
 - Rivet
 noun 1. a metal pin for passing through holes in two or more plates or pieces to hold them together, usually made with a head at one end, the other end being hammered into a head after insertion. verb (used with object), riveted, riveting or (especially British) rivetted, rivetting. 2. to fasten with a rivet […]


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|BOTANICAL ELECTRONIC NEWS|
|No. 157 February 15, _EMAIL_ Victoria, B.C.|
Computer-based multi-access keys, also known as interactive keys, can offer several advantages over conventional keys:
Other desirable features include:
It is an inevitable consequence of the flexibility of interactive keys that much of the strategy involved in carrying out an identification is left to the user. Good strategies must be learnt if the keys are to be used to the best advantage.
[This is an abbreviated abstract of the Forest Renewal of British Columbia funding proposal.]
RAPID will be an interactive plant identification computer program which will greatly accelerate the process of identifying vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens within B.C. The program and its database will continue to grow and evolve, and will possibly become our most valuable and readily accessible resource for plant identification. Images and line drawings will be an integral part of RAPID. In addition to the program's primary function, it will also be a useful teaching aid.
The random access approach to plant identification is dynamic compared with the restrictive dichotomous key approach used in traditional paper-based methods. This will allow greater exploration of the rich descriptive attributes of plants, in addition to their ecological characteristics. RAPID will be constructed as a relational database, which is a sophisticated and efficient way to store and quickly retrieve information.
Plant identification will begin with the selection of any of a variety of characteristics from an introductory menu. For example, identification will involve decisions on the following: location in the province, type of site, plant life form, physical size features, and a variety of properties associated with stems, leaves, inflorescence types, flowers, fruits, and roots. If you have an idea of the plant family or genus, you will be able to begin your search from that point. With each selection of a characteristic feature the list of likely candidate species is potentially shortened. The program will also advise on those characters most likely to discriminate amongst the species remaining. For example, if the type of leaf margin is able to discriminate amongst the remaining species in your candidate list, it will automatically move to the top of your list of "best" characters.
In the event a given plant characteristic cannot be clearly defined, e.g. a leaf is pubescent or possibly tomentose, you can ask the program to include all species with either description. Likewise if you are unsure your sample is considered a tree or a shrub, you can include both trees and shrubs in your selection. For those species which may be indistinguishable without expertise and access to materials such as a microscope or special chemicals, the user will be notified with a warning message. Likewise if a crucial plant component must be present in order to make a positive identification, the user will be notified.
Plant names may be displayed in either common or scientific names, along with the correct Latin code used to enter species names on field data forms. Explanation of any of the terminology used in the menus and keys will also be readily available in the form of text, diagrams and images.
Approach: Efforts are being made to learn about similar systems and initiatives in other parts of the world. RAPID's features will be carefully selected to ensure it meets the needs of field personnel here in B.C., as well as the broader goals and standards of international data exchange. RAPID will ultimately be the property of the B.C. Government. Wherever possible, RAPID will be a cooperative effort with other developers of similar initiatives and databases within and outside of the province.
When this project goes ahead, a web page will be constructed for the purpose of information exchange and updates.
For more information on interactive plant identification see the following: _URL_
[For interactive identification programs see also BEN # 96, March 25, 1995.]
The DELTA programs, and several data sets, are available via anonymous ftp from ftp.keil.ukans.edu (directory: /pub/delta) and via WWW from _URL_
The file Index.txt (note the upper-case I) contains a list of the available programs and data. Most of the subdirectories of delta contain text files *.1st which contain information about downloading and installing the programs or data in that sub-directory. When using ftp, always enter the command 'binary' at the start of the session.
When downloading the program distribution files, place them in a directory \DELTA. To install the programs, follow the instructions in Delta.1st.
The programs are supplied with documentation files, sample data, and a list of references. The conditions of use are in a file delta.use, and the prices in delta.reg. These files are within both of the self-extracting archive files delta1@.exe (MS-DOS INTKEY) and deltaw@.exe (MS-Windows INTKEY).
There is a mailing list, DELTA-L, for discussion of DELTA and announcements of updates. To subscribe, send the message
SUBSCRIBE DELTA-L your-first-name your-last-nameby email to _EMAIL_
Submissions, subscriptions, etc.: _EMAIL_.
BEN is archived on gopher freenet.victoria.bc.ca. The URL is:
gopher://freenet.victoria.bc.ca:70/11/environment/Botany/ben. Also archived at _URL_


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"Out & Proud in Chicago" is the first television documentary to tell the history of Chicago's lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) citizens. Its timeline spans from the Civil War through present day. This parallel history of the city tells a story of invisibility, oppression, devastation, revolution and triumph.
Chicago's role in the national history of the LGBT movement is often overlooked. Yet major milestones include the country's first chartered gay rights organization (1924), the pushback that brought down Anita Bryant's national campaign of homophobia, and the creation of the one of the country's premier gay and lesbian community centers, the $20 million state-of-the-art Center on Halsted. "Out & Proud in Chicago" highlights these accomplishments as well as the stories previously untold or limited to examination by academia. These include the story of Jenny Hodgers, a cross-dressing Civil War hero who lived the majority of her adult life as a Albert Cashier, a reexamination of the guarded personal life of social activist and Nobel-prize winner Jane Addams and her Boston marriage, and the life and work of Tony Jackson, an openly gay African-American ragtime pianist.
Most significantly, "Out & Proud In Chicago" includes the stories of 20 LGBT Chicagoans, from ages 30 to 80, including men, women and transgender people. Their journey, from awareness of their sexuality and gender identity, to overcoming the challenges of coming out, to becoming leaders is the real story of the documentary.
WTTW Channel 11 made a major commitment to the making and airing of the 90-minute documentary and also to the LGBT community. Now, under the umbrella "Out & Proud In Chicago Presents," WTTW is continuing its commitment to the LGBT community with new documentaries such as "Schoolboy to Showgirl: The Alexandra Billings Story."


Police Increase DWI Enforcement During No-Refusal Weekends
Posted on in DWI / DUI
Police Increase DWI Enforcement During No Refusal WeekendsIt is common to see local law enforcement promote no-refusal periods for people suspected of driving while intoxicated. Holidays, such as the upcoming Labor Day weekend, are a popular time for celebrating, which can increase the number of people who are drinking and driving. No-refusal weekends often coincide with these periods in order to punish those who break DWI laws and dissuade others from drinking and driving. Police departments increase their resources to make it more difficult for suspects to avoid blood alcohol concentration tests.
Implied Consent and No Refusal
No refusal refers to circumstances in which a DWI suspect cannot legally refuse to submit to a BAC test, such as a providing a blood or breath sample. Texas has an implied consent law that states that anyone who is allowed to drive in the state has also consented to cooperate with a BAC test. Refusing the test will result in an automatic suspension of the suspect's driver's license and can be used as evidence against the suspect in a DWI case. However, some courts have ruled that the implied consent law violates a suspect's rights under the fourth amendment of the U.S. Constitution, which prohibits searching a person without a warrant. In this case, police obtain blood from the suspect in order to search for evidence of intoxication. To get around this defense, police can request a warrant to obtain a suspect's blood sample. Refusing the warrant would be a criminal offense.
No-Refusal Weekend
Having a no-refusal weekend does not change how police enforce DWI laws. Instead, it changes the police's speed and efficiency in doing so. Hours can pass between the time of a suspect's arrest and when the blood sample is drawn because:
 - A judge must approve a blood search warrant;
 - A medical professional must draw the blood sample; and
 - A limited number of people are available to provide these services when an arrest occurs at night.
A person's BAC will drop during those hours, which may make a difference in whether the blood sample tests above the legal limit. During a no-refusal weekend, police departments have more judges and nurses on call in order to speed up the process of issuing warrants and taking blood samples.
Your Rights
Police pay greater attention to DWI violations during no-refusal weekends but must follow the same standards of reasonable suspicion and just cause in making an arrest. A San Antonio DWI defense attorney at the Law Offices of Sam H. Lock will use evidence that police violated your rights as a defense against your charges. Schedule a free consultation by calling _PHONE_.
Last modified on
Bexar County
In the historic King William District
1011 S. Alamo,
San Antonio, Texas 78210
_PHONE_ Toll Free
Guadalupe County
109 Court Street,
Seguin, Texas 78155
_PHONE_ Toll Free


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This paper will give a view on the present situation (Autumn 2005) of the Identity Management (IM) of the Hungarian Minorities' Cultural Societies in the Croatian Slovenija/Baranya and the Lendava area in Slovenia at the border between Slovenia and Hungary.
The Hungarian ethnic group is not an enclave in Croatia and Slovenia, but a group of mixed culture. There is mutuality between the autochthonous Hungarian minority and the majority population in these countries. There are even mixed marriages. People are bilinguals.
The main focus will be on the present mechanism(s) of self organisation (IM from the inside) on the one hand, and how organisations link to the Slovenian, Croatian und Hungarian governments (IM from the outside) on the other hand. It further will be shown how these associations express and trully represent the identity as well as the cultural needs of the minority.
This paper will compare these two above named areas, show differences and similarities from an ethnological point of view.


The efficiency of the semiconductors is measured in terms of speed and power. The semiconductor designs today are challenged to provide higher and still higher speeds on each new product introduced. The signal integrity checks become very important to ensure that the signals, after traversing through various stages, reach the destination with a valid level. There are many tools available to do the system level signal integrity analysis. In this paper, a cost effective approach to doing a system level analysis is discussed. This approach returns similar results as are seen with industry tools, though in a much more cost effective manner.


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The TB6612FNG Motor Driver can control up to two DC motors at a constant current of 1.2A (3.2A peak). Two input signals (IN1 and IN2) can be used to control the motor in one of four function modes: CW, CCW, short-brake, and stop. The two motor outputs (A and B) can be separately controlled, and the speed of each motor is controlled via a PWM input signal with a frequency up to 100kHz. The STBY pin should be pulled high to take the motor out of standby mode. Due to popular demand, this version of the SparkFun Motor Driver includes pre-soldered male headers for ease of use. With the headers already soldered on, you can jump right in to using this little board without any assembly!
Logic supply voltage (VCC) can be in the range of 2.7–5.5VDC, while the motor supply (VM) is limited to a maximum voltage of 15VDC. The output current is rated up to 1.2A per channel (or up to 3.2A for a short, single pulse).
The board comes with all components installed as shown. Decoupling capacitors are included on both supply lines. All pins of the TB6612FNG are broken out to two 0.1″ pitch headers; the pins are arranged such that input pins are on one side and output pins are on the other.
Note: If you are looking for the SparkFun Motor Driver without headers, it can be found here or in the Recommended Products below.
- Power supply voltage: VM=15V max, VCC=2.7–5.5V
- Output current: Iout=1.2A(average) / 3.2A (peak)
- Standby control to save power
- CW/CCW/short brake/stop motor control modes
- Built-in thermal shutdown circuit and low voltage detecting circuit
- All pins of the TB6612FNG broken out to 0.1″ spaced pins
- Filtering capacitors on both supply lines
- Pre-soldered headers


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Are you tired of your audio device emitting an annoying crackling sound? Have you noticed that it only happens when you're reading Black Book? You're not alone. This issue is common among many audiophiles and can be frustrating. In this article, we will explore the causes behind the crackling sound and provide you with step-by-step solutions to fix it. From identifying the root cause of the problem to troubleshooting the audio device, we'll cover everything you need to know to restore your listening experience to its former glory. So buckle up and let's get started!
|Cause of Crackling Sound
|Dryness or Irritation in Eyes
|Apply Eye Drops
|Drink Plenty of Water and Get Enough Sleep
|Use Adequate Lighting
|Choose a Well-Lit Area for Reading
|Use an Air Purifier
|Close Windows and Doors to Keep Out Pollutants
Understanding the Causes of Crackling Sound After Reading Black Book
When reading a physical book, sometimes you may hear a crackling sound while flipping through the pages. This can be caused by several factors, including:
1. Dust and debris on the book's cover or spine: Over time, dust and debris can accumulate on the cover of a book, causing it to make a crackling sound when you turn the pages. You should brush off any dust or debris gently with a soft-bristled brush or compressed air.
2. Dryness of the paper: If the paper in the book is too dry, it can cause the ink to crackle as you flip through the pages. To fix this problem, you can place the book on a flat surface and expose it to humidity for a few hours.
3. Age of the book: Old books are more likely to make crackling sounds than newer ones. This is because the paper may have become brittle or discolored over time. However, some old books are still in good condition and can be enjoyed without any issues.
4. Damage to the spine or cover: If the spine or cover of the book has been damaged, it may cause the pages to make a crackling sound when you turn them. In this case, the book may need to be taken to a professional for repairs.
5. Reading in a noisy environment: If you are reading in a noisy environment, such as near a fan or air conditioner, it can create a crackling sound that is not related to the book itself. You should try to read in a quiet location to minimize any distractions.
Identifying the root cause of the crackling sound is important because it will help you determine the best course of action to fix the problem. For example, if the issue is caused by dryness of the paper, you can simply expose the book to humidity and continue reading. However, if the damage is more severe, such as a damaged spine or cover, you may need to seek professional assistance.
Troubleshooting Techniques to Fix the Issue
Once you have identified the cause of the crackling sound, there are several troubleshooting techniques you can use to fix the problem:
1. Quick fix solutions for minor issues: For minor issues, such as dust or debris on the book's cover, you can simply brush off any dirt with a soft-bristled brush or compressed air. If the issue is caused by dryness of the paper, you can place the book on a flat surface and expose it to humidity for a few hours.
2. More in-depth troubleshooting steps for more severe problems: For more severe issues, such as damage to the spine or cover, you may need to take the book to a professional for repairs. If the issue is caused by a faulty binding, you may need to replace the entire book. In some cases, it may be necessary to replace individual pages if they are damaged.
It's important to note that not all issues with crackling sound can be fixed, and in some cases, the damage may be irreversible. If the book is too old or damaged, it may be best to accept its condition and continue reading without any distractions.
Adjusting Your Reading Environment
In addition to troubleshooting techniques, adjusting your reading environment can also help minimize crackling sounds:
1. Lighting: Poor lighting can cause the pages of a book to appear grainy or blurry, which can contribute to crackling sounds. Make sure you are reading in a well-lit area with good contrast between the page and the background. You can also adjust the angle of the light source to find the optimal balance.
2. Distance and angle: Reading too close to the book can cause strain on your eyes and make it more difficult to read. Try to maintain a comfortable distance from the book and adjust the angle of your reading glasses if necessary. Additionally, avoid holding the book in one hand for extended periods of time, as this can put undue stress on your arm and wrist.
By making these adjustments to your reading environment, you can minimize crackling sounds and improve your overall reading experience.
1. Fixing Cracking Sound After Reading Black Book
If you've ever experienced a crackling sound while reading a book, it can be quite frustrating. Fortunately, there are several ways to fix this issue and get back to enjoying your book without any distractions. In this section, we will discuss the most common causes of a crackling sound when reading and how you can fix them.
2. Understanding the Causes
There are several factors that can cause a crackling sound while reading, including:
– Page turning: When you turn pages quickly, it can put stress on the spine of the book. Over time, this can lead to cracking sounds.
– Finger pressure: If you apply too much pressure on the pages when turning them, it can cause damage to the spine and pages of the book. This can also contribute to a crackling sound.
– Storage conditions: Improper storage conditions can cause books to dry out and become brittle. When this happens, the pages may crack more easily when turning them, leading to a crackling sound.
3. Fixing the Issue
To fix a crackling sound while reading, you can try several methods:
– Use a bookmark: Instead of flipping through the pages quickly, use a bookmark to keep your place in the book. This will reduce the stress on the spine and prevent damage to the pages.
– Slide your finger off the page gently: If you do need to turn a page, slide your finger off the page gently instead of lifting it up abruptly. This can help prevent damage to the spine and pages of the book.
– Store your books properly: Make sure your books are stored in a cool, dry place with proper ventilation. Avoid stacking books on top of each other or placing them in direct sunlight, as these can cause the pages to become brittle and crack more easily.
4. Choosing the Right Reading Materials
To avoid cracking sounds while reading, it's important to choose the right materials for your reading needs. Here are some factors to consider:
– Format: Hardcover books are generally the best option for reading because they offer more protection for the spine and pages than paperback or eBook formats. However, if you prefer a lighter or smaller book, a paperback or eBook may be a better choice.
– Condition: Avoid purchasing books that are in poor condition, as these may be prone to cracking sounds while reading. Look for books with a firm spine and pages that are not brittle or discolored.
– Author: Choose books written by experienced authors who know how to write engaging stories without overly stressing the reader's hands.
5. Preventive Measures to Avoid Future Problems
To prevent crackling sounds while reading in the future, here are some tips to consider:
– Store your books properly: Proper storage conditions can help prevent damage to the spine and pages of your books, reducing the risk of cracking sounds.
– Use bookmarks or page markers: Instead of flipping through the pages quickly, use bookmarks or page markers to keep your place in the book. This will reduce stress on the spine and prevent damage to the pages.
– Be gentle with your books: Handle your books gently when turning pages or placing them on shelves. Avoid applying too much pressure on the spine or pages, as this can cause damage and increase the risk of cracking sounds.
– Choose high-quality materials: Invest in high-quality books made from durable materials that will last longer and withstand more use. Avoid purchasing cheap or poorly made books that are prone to cracking sounds.
1. What is a crackling sound when reading a Black Book?
A crackling sound when reading a Black Book may indicate that there is a problem with the device's speakers or audio output. It could also be a sign of hardware failure or damage to the device.
2. How do I fix a crackling sound in my Black Book?
Here are some steps you can take to fix a crackling sound in your Black Book:
– Check the speaker connections: Make sure that all cables and connections between the speakers and the device are securely plugged in.
– Restart the device: Turn off the Black Book and then turn it back on. This may help to reset any audio issues.
– Clean the speakers: Dust or debris can build up on the speakers, causing a crackling sound. Use a soft brush or compressed air to clean the speakers carefully.
– Update the device drivers: Make sure that your Black Book's drivers are up to date. Outdated drivers can cause audio issues.
3. Why is there a crackling sound when I read on my Black Book?
There could be several reasons for a crackling sound when reading on your Black Book, including:
– Speaker damage: If the speakers are damaged, they may produce a crackling sound.
– Audio settings issues: If the audio settings on your Black Book are not configured correctly, you may hear a crackling sound.
– Background noise: If there is background noise in the room where you are reading, it can cause


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- A special-purpose camera that takes a meteorological picture of clouds, etc. in the sky with the field of view of 180 degrees from the horizon.
- Can take a picture of the entire sky of 50 mm dia. circular image in a 6 x 6 cm format 120 roll film.
- Fish-eye-NIKKOR 16.3 mm f/8 lens is a modified version of 16 mm f/8 Fisheye lens (picture angle 180 degrees) produced in 1938 for meteorological photography (cloud cover measurement).


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This edition of the Proceedings of the 9th European Symposium on Structure-Activity Relationships: QSAR and Molecular Modelling held from September 7-11, 1992 in Strasbourg, France deals with various areas of structure-activity relationships and their applications in the design of new drugs. The approximately 175 contributions in the book highlight the interdisciplinary approach between QSAR, molecular modelling and databank-based research in the design and development process of new drug candidates, and demonstrates the efficacy of these techniques by introducing rationalization at a very early stage in the discovery of bioactive compounds.
Internationally renowned specialists review methodologies in the field of SAR concepts and computer-assisted drug design, covering such topics as:
De novo design
X-ray and NMR-based drug design
Parameters and interactions.


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The strange and unique feeding system of these deep-sea crabs has fascinated us since they were first found, in the deep trenches of the Pacific, then the Atlantic and Indian oceans. Now their relatives have been worked out.
The Australians might be expected to be a little isolated from the global effects of climate change. Not true, plus they seem to be possibly the most aware of the dangers of selling their coal to Asia while suffering some terrible effects from global warming.
Red Cross Day was celebrated for the first time throughout the world on 8 May 1948, the anniversary of the birth of Henry Dunant, the founder of the Red Cross. In the years that followed it changed its name several times, but in 1984 it finally became World Red Cross and Red Crescent Day.


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To improve diagnostic accuracy the ABCD rule of lesion screening is widely used based on asymmetry (A), border (B), color (C), and differential structure (D) measuring.
- A total dermatoscopic value (TDV) results from the calculation
TDV = A·1,3 + B·0,1 + C·0,5 + D·0,5
- This score contributes to the differentiation between benign and malignant lesions:
1,00 - 4,75 – benign skin lesion
4,75 - 5,45 – suspicious
More than 5,45 – melanoma
A – Asymmetry of Shape, Structure and Color. The lesion is divided in four regions and there is symmetry inspected across x or y axis. If asymmetry is only by one axis it gives 1 point and if on both axis there are 2 points calculated. So for shape, structure and color, there can be 6 points maximum.
Border and Color
For measuring border irregularities the lesion is divided in 8 regions. If in one particular region color is ends strictly with boundary of lesion there is one point. If lesion color changes smoothly to skin color then there is 0 points. So for B there can be maximum 8 points.
For color there can be as many points as many colors there can be found on lesion. Usually there are 6 main colors, so total 6 points for C.
Dermatological Structure D
Thera are 5 main structures noticed in lesions. No structures – smooth color – 1 point, net structure another 1 point, tree like boundaries another 1 point, dots – 1 point and globules 1 point. Total 5 points can be. In some literature there can be diameter of lesion measured for D. If diameter is more than 6 mm it can be stated as suspicious.
When looking in Total Dermatological Value formula, there are obvious that the main criteria are Asymmetry. It is usually the main screening option. It is easy to inspect yourself using this methodology. If there is any concern, it is better to visit your doctor.


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1947 Assignment illustrations and clipart. Affordable Downloads for just with thousands of images added daily. Blank paper desk spiral Blank paper.
Finally, underneath the illustration, or on another piece of paper, write or type one complete, detailed paragraph (5-7 sentences) explaining why this setting is.
Unit 4 Externally Set Assignment. To be issued to For this paper you must have: There is no size restriction on work produced for this paper. Advice illustrations by Arthur Radebaugh or John Berkey or work by design groups such as.


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Construction can significantly disrupt the environment in which it takes place. It may produce excessive noise and dust, but can also result in stability issues caused by vibrations or groundwater drainage. This often delays the completion of a construction project and, in a worstcase scenario, may lead to sky-high damage claims. Extensive monitoring can help Schiphol maintain its maximum operational capacity during the five-year expansion process. The impact of the construction work on the surrounding buildings and the air traffic control tower has to be kept to a minimum and any complications during construction can be avoided.
The director of 'The Capital Programme Landside' at Schiphol is Peter Dijk. He was previously in charge of the construction of Amsterdam's North-South metro line and the Betuweroute freight railway. Both projects allowed him to experience first-hand the advantages of an integral monitoring system in combination with risk management and a vigilant team of construction supervisors. These aspects are going to be all the more important seeing as Schiphol is built on relatively unstable ground on land reclaimed from the Haarlemmermeer lake, which significantly increases the risk factor of large-scale infrastructure projects.


Rhino Hunting in Africa
Rhinos are endangered species and hunting rhino is carefully controlled.
Rhino Hunting in Africa 2017-09-26T10:19:32+00:00
Choosing to graze in open savannah, where they can find plenty of shade from the midday heat, rhino live in small groups. As grazing animals, they choose to live near to water. The white rhino is slightly bigger than the black rhino. The rhino is only a social animal until it grows old. In old age, the rhino tends to become very sensitive while it lives a solitary life. Older rhino are known to chase cars and you can be sure that if a grumpy rhino spots you, he will charge.
Identified by the longer snout, the defining characteristic of the rhino is, of course, its horns. Hunting rhino is an exceptionally sensitive subject, seeing that this is arguably Africa's most poached animal. Their two horns are much sought after by overseas black markets. Rhino hunting is strictly controlled in most African nations and you will need a permit. A lot of research into conserving these beautiful animals has been done over the years, and some of the results have shown that rhino hunting can aid conservation.
When hunting rhino, be aware that this is a dangerous animal. Regardless of where you are hunting, be aware of the risks involved with taking down this guy.
While the rhino usually has a calm nature, they have a very keen sense of smell and they can also hear very well. Despite the rhino being quite a large beast, they have the ability to become almost invisible when they sense danger. Rhino hunting is done on foot and the minimum calibre rifle to use is a.375 or any other rifle that has the power to pierce through the thick hide. Placing the shot behind the shoulder should do the job and you won't have to worry about placing a long distance shot.
Keeping in mind the very sensitive nature surrounding hunting rhino in Africa, this hunt will certainly be a once in a lifetime experience.


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- About Us
- Our Events
Indigenous people have a shorter life expectancy - around 18 to 19 years less than non-indigenous people. The average life span is 57 years for an Aboriginal male and 62 years for an Aboriginal female. The most common causes of death include:
- Circulatory diseases - including heart disease and stroke. The number of deaths caused by conditions such as coronary heart disease is double that of the non-indigenous population.
- Diabetes - and other diseases of the endocrine system. The rate of diabetes is six times higher among indigenous people. It is estimated that diabetes affects between 10 to 30 per cent of the Aboriginal population.
- Injuries - sustained in accidents such as car crashes. An indigenous person is three times more likely to die in an accident than a non-indigenous person. The Aboriginal population also has high rates of suicide and homicide.
- Respiratory system diseases - deaths from chronic disease are three to five times more common. Around half of the diseases are caused by infections. Respiratory infections are 10 times more common in the indigenous population.
- Cancer - particularly lung, cervical and liver cancer. According to the South Australian Cancer Registry, the death rate among the indigenous population is higher because the cancers are typically diagnosed at a later stage.
Babana has a key aim of improving the health of our community and we have worked with key organisations to provide programs that can assist. We would like to thank the Redfern Police and the Aboriginal Health Promotion Unit for their ongoing support of our health program.
We run a weekly health walking program which is attended by both Aboriginal and Non Aboriginal members of our community. We meet each Sunday (weather permitting) at the Babana shed and proceed for a walk followed by breakfast.


Can You Crush This Tricky Quiz? 16 Things You Should Know But Always Forget
smart, Sofia Vergara
Think you know how many senses humans have? Think again!
Take this quiz to find out how smart you really are by answering questions that deal with common misconceptions.
 Jan 04, 2018
WOMEN.COM | Quiz Facts
Think you have what it takes to get a perfect score on this random facts quiz? Did you know only 3% of the population get 100%? Let's see if you're part of the 3%. Don't even think about using Google, Wikipedia, or any other handy website. You'll have to really think back to school! Did you pay close enough attention in History, English, Science, or Math? If you love the History channel, facts about random things, or know a lot of trivia then this is the place for you. A great thing about this quiz is if you know it all then you already have some interesting and fun party tricks. Everyone will be in awe of your trivia skills and random facts. If you're a teacher looking for some quiz question ideas, you've found the right place. If you're a student procrastinating studying for your next final, well, you too have found the right place. This quiz might be about random facts but only a person with a high IQ will know all 16 answers correctly. And a well-rounded student will excel immediately on this quiz as it has to do with a plethora of information. From vocabulary and spelling to intricate science and history, there is a question for everyone. If you're someone who loves learning and taking online quizzes, test your knowledge of these incredibly tricky trivia questions about some fun facts! You might learn something or reintroduce yourself to some fun facts you may have forgotten. So go ahead, the fun starts now!!!


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This scheme for hydro-electric power generation is centred around Loch Earn, Loch Lyon and Loch Tay, approximately 14 miles (22 km) north northwest of Callander. The area is well suited to hydro-electric power generation, with significant rainfall on high peaks which flows down into deep valleys. The scheme includes seven power stations and was built by the North of Scotland Hydro-Electric Board under the chairmanship of Tom Johnston (1881 - 1965). Although the first section came on-stream in 1956, it was not fully operational until 1961.
Behind Ben Lawers a system of tunnels and aqueducts collects water and diverts it into Lochan-na-Lairige behind a massive buttress-type dam, 344m (1128 feet) long and 42m (138 feet) high. Water descends a vertical distance of 415m (1361 feet; the greatest drop of any Scottish hydro-electric scheme) to Finlarig power station on the shores of Loch Tay.
To the west, the Killin section includes three power stations at Lubreoch, Lochay and Cashlie and involves a main storage reservoir at Loch Lyon retained by another massive buttress dam, 530m (1738 feet) long and 39m (128 feet) high. Water is diverted into Loch Lyon from the Rivers Lochay and Dochart to the south. This section includes fish ladders and lifts to convey salmon to their spawning areas.
Between Loch Tay and Loch Earn is the St. Fillans section, which involves dams at Loch Breaclaich and the man-made Loch Lednock. The latter is a rare British example of a dam designed to cope with earthquake hazards, which are occasionally caused by movement on the nearby Highland Boundary Fault. Water passes through the small Lednock power station on it way into the Loch Lednock Reservoir and then flows down to the 21 MW power station buried in a hillside at St. Fillans. A weir below Loch Earn diverts water into the small Dalchonzie Power Station.
The stations forming this scheme generate a total of 120 MW of power and are run by the privatised Scottish & Southern Energy Plc (previously Scottish Hydro-Electric), headquartered in Perth, which has an annual turnover of £2.3 billion.


Accedi / Registrati Account
You may have seen some posts that introduce Performance Co-Pilot (PCP). Here, we will focus on some questions we hear from customers while they are looking at PCP for the first time.
If you are familiar with other monitoring tools, then PCP should not be too hard to understand. First, let's look at how PCP maps to the generic monitoring system. In general, a monitoring system often has three layers and the lower layer will target collecting varieties of performance metrics data, e.g. CPU, memory, I/O, and similar data.
The second layer is responsible for the storage of data and analyzing it in real time or via a retrospective archive. Above the second layer, the uppermost layer is composed of monitoring and alarms, reporting and resource view, which are designed to react to predefined thresholds and "visualize" the results of analysis.
Fig 1. PCP 101
Like many monitoring systems, PCP has its own daemons to perform the jobs defined in the three layers. Corresponding to the first layer the Performance Metrics Collection Daemon (PMCD) coordinates the gathering and exporting of performance statistics in response to requests from the PCP monitoring tools.
After the data is collected, it can be sent to the Performance Metrics Inference Engine (PMIE) for analysis, and the data can also be archived by the Performance Metrics Logger (PMLOGGER). Furthermore, a performance dashboard of a given system can be generated with the Performance Metrics Chart (PMCHART) utility. The diagram generated by PMCHART is somewhat raw. If you need a more elegant diagram, there are other graphical options for you.
Logging Interval
Now, let's consider some questions commonly asked by customers. The first one that caught my attention is "how I can choose the logging interval?" They may say "I want to closely monitor an application, can I have it sampling every second?" The answer is yes. But is this necessary?
By default, PCP will sample and archive performance metrics data every 60 seconds. In most scenarios, this should be sufficient. As you should be aware, sar, a commonly used tool by enterprise customers, will capture metrics every 10 minutes by default.
However, when servers experience intermittent storage performance issues, we can change the sampling interval of PCP down to 10 seconds for the servers that need more detailed logging, which can be done by editing/etc/pcp/pmlogger/control (or /etc/pcp/pmlogger/control.d/local in newer PCP versions, see below) and appending -t 10s to the line for LOCALHOSTNAME, e.g.
# local primary logger
# (LOCALHOSTNAME is expanded to local: in the first column,
# and to 'hostname' in the fourth (directory) column.)
LOCALHOSTNAME y n PCP_LOG_DIR/pmlogger/LOCALHOSTNAME -r -T24h10m -c config.default -t 10s
Nevertheless, we need a reason to do that. Otherwise, it will cost system overhead unnecessarily.
System Overhead
Speaking of system overhead, here we come to another question I hear from customers: "How does PCP affect my existing systems?"
Before we go further, let's see which factors we should take into consideration while talking about system overhead of PCP:
 - The number of managed hosts
 - Frequency of logging interval (e.g. every 10 seconds)
 - Duration of historical data retention (especially who this affects disk usage)
 - The number of performance metrics monitored
 - Monitoring application performance
Without answers to the above questions, it is impossible to have an accurate assessment of the performance impact caused by PCP. The answers to these questions should be in place before the overhead of using PCP can be considered.
However, the PCP daemons are generally very lightweight in terms of computational demand; most of the (very small) CPU cost is associated with extracting performance metrics at the PCP collector system (PMCD and the PMDAs).
A local daemon consumes disk bandwidth and disk space on the PCP collector system. A remote daemon consumes disk space on the host where it is running and network bandwidth between that host and the PCP collector host. It is also worth mentioning that the archive logs typically grow at a rate of anywhere between a few kilobytes (KB) to tens of megabytes (MB) per day, depending on how many performance metrics are logged and the choice of sampling frequencies.
The archived metrics data can be found under /var/log/pcp/pmlogger/, the table here is an example from my test server:
Size (MB)
2.6 (compressed)
3.2 (compressed)
Each entry corresponds with three log files for one day. The log files will be named .meta, .index and .0, for example 20181017.meta, 20181017.index and 20181017.0. From the above table, we can see that in average the size of archive log increases by approximately 23 MB per day.
To conserve disk space, the log file .0 will be compressed and renamed to .0.xz after three days by default. And, The days before compressing log files can be specified by pmlogger_daily utility with option '-x' from /etc/cron.d/pcp-pmlogger as follows:
# Performance Co-Pilot crontab entries for a monitored site
# with one or more pmlogger instances running
# daily processing of archive logs (with compression enabled)
10 0 * * * pcp /usr/libexec/pcp/bin/pmlogger_daily -X xz -x 3
# every 30 minutes, check pmlogger instances are running
25,55 * * * * pcp /usr/libexec/pcp/bin/pmlogger_check -C
Many customers also ask: "Do you have any reference guides that contain use cases or solutions for PCP?"
Since each system is so different, it's hard to have a manual to simply lay out how to deploy it step by step. Once you answer some of the questions presented here, you can best design and deploy your own PCP monitoring solution.
About the author
In primo piano
Notizie in evidenza - selezionate per te


text: Baby will have hours of fun popping the 4 different coloured balls into the cylinder through the electronic hole which recognises the balls as they drop down. Discover animals, colours and counting with the 2 modes of play. Twist the key to activate the lights and spinning of the balls and then watch them drop and roll down the fun slides in different ways as there are various manipulative features on the way down. Includes a tray at the bottom for baby to pick the balls up and play all over again. Features 15 melodies and 6 happy sing-along songs. Electronic ball recognition.Twist the key to activate spinning the balls.Discover animals, numbers and colours!Includes 15 melodies and 6 sing-along songs.


Rao–Blackwell theorem
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In statistics, the Rao–Blackwell theorem, sometimes referred to as the Rao–Blackwell–Kolmogorov theorem, is a result which characterizes the transformation of an arbitrarily crude estimator into an estimator that is optimal by the mean-squared-error criterion or any of a variety of similar criteria.
The Rao–Blackwell theorem states that if g(X) is any kind of estimator of a parameter θ, then the conditional expectation of g(X) given T(X), where T is a sufficient statistic, is typically a better estimator of θ, and is never worse. Sometimes one can very easily construct a very crude estimator g(X), and then evaluate that conditional expected value to get an estimator that is in various senses optimal.
The theorem is named after Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao and David Blackwell. The process of transforming an estimator using the Rao–Blackwell theorem is sometimes called Rao–Blackwellization. The transformed estimator is called the Rao–Blackwell estimator.
 - An estimator δ(X) is an observable random variable (i.e. a statistic) used for estimating some unobservable quantity. For example, one may be unable to observe the average height of all male students at the University of X, but one may observe the heights of a random sample of 40 of them. The average height of those 40—the "sample average"—may be used as an estimator of the unobservable "population average".
 - A sufficient statistic T(X) is a statistic calculated from data X to estimate some parameter θ for which it is true that no other statistic which can be calculated from data X provides any additional information about θ. It is defined as an observable random variable such that the conditional probability distribution of all observable data X given T(X) does not depend on the unobservable parameter θ, such as the mean or standard deviation of the whole population from which the data X was taken. In the most frequently cited examples, the "unobservable" quantities are parameters that parametrize a known family of probability distributions according to which the data are distributed.
In other words, a sufficient statistic T(X) for a parameter θ is a statistic such that the conditional distribution of the data X, given T(X), does not depend on the parameter θ.
 - A Rao–Blackwell estimator δ1(X) of an unobservable quantity θ is the conditional expected value E(δ(X) | T(X)) of some estimator δ(X) given a sufficient statistic T(X). Call δ(X) the "original estimator" and δ1(X) the "improved estimator". It is important that the improved estimator be observable, i.e. that it not depend on θ. Generally, the conditional expected value of one function of these data given another function of these data does depend on θ, but the very definition of sufficiency given above entails that this one does not.
 - The mean squared error of an estimator is the expected value of the square of its deviation from the unobservable quantity being estimated.
The theorem[edit]
Mean-squared-error version[edit]
One case of Rao–Blackwell theorem states:
The mean squared error of the Rao–Blackwell estimator does not exceed that of the original estimator.
In other words
The essential tools of the proof besides the definition above are the law of total expectation and the fact that for any random variable Y, E(Y2) cannot be less than [E(Y)]2. That inequality is a case of Jensen's inequality, although it may also be shown to follow instantly from the frequently mentioned fact that
 0 \leq \operatorname{Var}(Y) = \operatorname{E}((Y-\operatorname{E}(Y))^2) =
Convex loss generalization[edit]
The more general version of the Rao–Blackwell theorem speaks of the "expected loss" or risk function:
\operatorname{E}(L(\delta_1(X)))\leq \operatorname{E}(L(\delta(X)))\,\!
where the "loss function" L may be any convex function. For the proof of the more general version, Jensen's inequality cannot be dispensed with.
The improved estimator is unbiased if and only if the original estimator is unbiased, as may be seen at once by using the law of total expectation. The theorem holds regardless of whether biased or unbiased estimators are used.
The theorem seems very weak: it says only that the Rao–Blackwell estimator is no worse than the original estimator. In practice, however, the improvement is often enormous.
Phone calls arrive at a switchboard according to a Poisson process at an average rate of λ per minute. This rate is not observable, but the numbers X1,..., Xn of phone calls that arrived during n successive one-minute periods are observed. It is desired to estimate the probability e−λ that the next one-minute period passes with no phone calls.
An extremely crude estimator of the desired probability is
\delta_0=\left\{\begin{matrix}1 & \text{if}\ X_1=0, \\ 0 & \text{otherwise,}\end{matrix}\right.
i.e., it estimates this probability to be 1 if no phone calls arrived in the first minute and zero otherwise. Despite the apparent limitations of this estimator, the result given by its Rao–Blackwellization is a very good estimator.
The sum
 S_n = \sum_{i=1}^n X_{i} = X_1+\cdots+X_n\,\!
can be readily shown to be a sufficient statistic for λ, i.e., the conditional distribution of the data X1,..., Xn, depends on λ only through this sum. Therefore, we find the Rao–Blackwell estimator
\delta_1=\operatorname{E}(\delta_0\mid S_n=s_n).
After doing some algebra we have
\delta_1 &= \operatorname{E} \left (\mathbf{1}_{\{X_1=0\}} \Bigg| \sum_{i=1}^n X_{i} = s_n \right ) \\
&= P \left (X_{1}=0 \Bigg| \sum_{i=1}^n X_{i} = s_n \right ) \\
&= P \left (X_{1}=0, \sum_{i=2}^n X_{i} = s_n \right ) \times P \left (\sum_{i=1}^n X_{i} = s_n \right )^{-1} \\
&= e^{-\lambda}\frac{\left((n-1)\lambda\right)^{s_n}e^{-(n-1)\lambda}}{s_n!} \times \left (\frac{(n\lambda)^{s_n}e^{-n\lambda}}{s_n!} \right )^{-1} \\
&= \frac{\left((n-1)\lambda\right)^{s_n}e^{-n\lambda}}{s_n!} \times \frac{s_n!}{(n\lambda)^{s_n}e^{-n\lambda}} \\
&= \left(1-\frac{1}{n}\right)^{s_n}
Since the average number of calls arriving during the first n minutes is nλ, one might not be surprised if this estimator has a fairly high probability (if n is big) of being close to
\left(1-{1 \over n}\right)^{n\lambda}\approx e^{-\lambda}.
So δ1 is clearly a very much improved estimator of that last quantity. In fact, since Sn is complete and δ0 is unbiased, δ1 is the unique minimum variance unbiased estimator by the Lehmann–Scheffé theorem.
The Rao–Blackwell process is idempotent. Using it to improve the already improved estimator does not obtain a further improvement, but merely returns as its output the same improved estimator.
Completeness and Lehmann–Scheffé minimum variance[edit]
If the conditioning statistic is both complete and sufficient, and the starting estimator is unbiased, then the Rao–Blackwell estimator is the unique "best unbiased estimator": see Lehmann–Scheffé theorem.
See also[edit]
 - Radhakrishna Rao, C. "Information and accuracy attainable in the estimation of statistical parameters." Bulletin of the Calcutta Mathematical Society 37, no. 3 (1945): 81-91.
External links[edit]


text:
Could Chavin's Labyrinth be the remains of the resounding Palace of Hades and Persephone? (Part 2) Archaeological, geographical, documentary and toponymic evidences
This article, excerpted from my book "Journey to the Mythological Inferno", discusses the archaeological evidence of a subterranean system of channels, interconnected to the labyrinth of chavin, built to produce powerful sounds by hydraulic energy. The echoing resonance in the high mountains is high mentioned in Hesiod's Theogony, which gave rise to the name "Resonant House of Hades and Persephone". The article identifies the earliest representations of the "Fifty-headed dog of Hades" - Cerberus - found (and misnamed "feathered feline") in ther excavations of the 21 m circular plaza, facing the oldest temple, where the great image of the Gorgon is found. The article relates the vicissitudes of the Raimondi Stele, identified as the only existing representation in the world of the mighty Titan Typhoeus, as described in Hesiod's Theogony. And, finally, it discusses who were the people associated with the construction of the main temple of Chavin.


text:
The University of Michigan-Flint's Urban Alternatives House has been selected as one of the first landscapes to participate in a new program testing the nation's first rating system for green landscape design, construction and maintenance. The selection was made by the Sustainable Sites Initiative™ (SITES™).
SITES selected the Urban Alternatives House based on its extensive environmentally friendly elements. These sustainable practices include: removing invasive trees from the site, developing a landscape that includes space for food production, native plantings, rain gardens and managing rainwater on site.
The Urban Alternatives House will join more than 150 other pilot projects from 34 states as well as from Canada, Iceland and Spain as part of an international pilot project program to evaluate the new SITES rating system for sustainable landscapes, with and without buildings. Sustainable landscapes can clean water, reduce pollution and restore habitats, while providing significant economic and social benefits to land owners and municipalities.
"Working with the Sustainable Sites Initiatives (SITES) team and the other pilot projects around the country will give us the opportunity to take advantage of cutting edge expertise as we develop the garden site at the Urban Alternatives House," said UM-Flint Associate Richard Hill-Rowley. "It will also be a way for us to contribute to refining a new set of guidelines and benchmarks that will improve the sustainability of urban landscapes across the country."
The Urban Alternatives House joins the Smithsonian Institution's African American History & Culture museum, a New Orleans's project to absorb storm water on the streets of the Lower Ninth Ward flooded during Hurricane Katrina, and other pilot projects that range in size from large scale academic and corporate campuses and public parks with hundreds of acres, to small scale transportation corridors and private residences of less than one acre.
SITES is a partnership of the American Society of Landscape Architects, the Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center at The University of Texas at Austin and the United States Botanic Garden.
For more information: UM-Flint to Transform Abandoned House into Urban Laboratory
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text:
Minaret College Strategic Plan 2015-2019 focuses on four broad goals as follows:
- Recruit, retain and build teachers and staff members' capacity and encourage their personal development;
- Enhance the quality of teaching and students' learning, taking into account sustainability, the Islamic environment and technology changes and development;
- Support students and their families' health and wellbeing;
- Maintain a strong and sound financial position with transparent reporting, a high level of accountability and strong governance.


text:
Assessment of Culprit Plaque Temperature by Intracoronary Thermography Appears Inconclusive in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes
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Objective— Safety and feasibility evaluation of intracoronary temperature measurements in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) using a catheter based thermography system.
Methods and Results— Thermography was performed in 40 patients with ACS. A 3.5-F thermography catheter containing 5 thermocouples measuring vessel wall temperature, and 1 thermocouple measuring blood temperature (accuracy 0.05°C) was used. Gradient (ΔTmax) between blood temperature (Tbl) and the maximum wall temperature during pullback was measured. The device showed satisfactory safety in ACS. Only in 16 patients (40%) ΔTmax was ≥0.1°C. In 23 patients (57.5%) the highest ΔTmax was found in the culprit segment. ΔTmax between culprit and adjacent non-culprit segments was observed in patients with transient blood flow interruption during thermography (0.11±0.03 versus 0.08±0.01; P=0.04), in contrast to patients with preserved flow (0.07±0.03 versus 0.06±0.02; P=0.058).
Conclusions— The novel, technically sophisticated intracoronary thermography proved its safety and feasibility. However, we were not able to convincingly and consistently differentiate between different lesions at risk, despite a selection of lesions that should appear most distinct to differentiate. A systematic interruption of flow may be necessary to achieve diagnostic results consistently, although such requirement may unfavorably change the risk-to-benefit ratio of this developing technology.


text: Factors shaping competitiveness of agriculture. Impact of situation on external markets on the Polish agri-food sector. Analysis of the effects of selected instruments of public policy on the structural changes in agriculture and rural areas. Competitiveness of sustainable agriculture. Budget grounds for improvement of the competitiveness of the Polish agriculture. Changes in the socio-economic structure of the rural areas as a factor of competitiveness of rural areas. Competitive agricultural holdings in Poland: in the present and in the future. Development of exporting clusters in the context of international competitiveness of the Polish agri-food sector.


text:
Date of Degree
MS (Master of Science)
Energy efficiency of industrial systems is of great concern to many. Modeling and optimization of industrial systems has been an active research area aiming at improvement of energy efficiency of these systems. Traditional analytical and physics-based methods, reported in literature, limit modeling industrial systems, which are complex, nonlinear, and dynamic.
Due to progress in data collection techniques, large volume of data has been collected and stored for analysis. Although much valuable information is contained in such data, utilization of the data in modeling industrial systems is lagging. Data mining is a novel science, providing a platform and techniques to model complex systems and processes. Data mining techniques have been widely applied in modeling various systems.
In this Thesis, two energy intensive industrial systems are investigated, a pump system in wastewater treatment plants, and an HVAC system in commercial buildings. Data mining is utilized to derive models describing the relationship between target, operational cost of systems, and system control variables. An optimization model is constructed to minimize operational cost of a system, and intelligent algorithms are employed to solve the optimization models. The study demonstrates a considerable energy saving by applying the proposed control strategy.
The approach developed in this Thesis can be applied to industrial systems other than the pump and HVAC systems.
Data Mining, HVAC, Pump
ix, 72 pages
Includes bibliographical references (pages 69-72).
Copyright 2014 Xiaofei HE


text:
The multi-agent resource allocation problem corresponds to the negotiation of m resources among n autonomous agents, in order to maximize a social welfare function. Contrary to some former studies, the purpose is neither here to simply determine a socially optimal resource allocation nor to prove the existence of a transaction sequence leading to this optimum, but to find a practical transaction sequence among agents, for any type of contact networks. With this intention, we study various agent behaviors in order to identify which one leads the most often to an optimal resource allocation. The allocation that is reached, can be viewed as an emergent phenomenon that comes out from local interactions among the agents.
After a study of different transaction types, we show that, among the set of studied transactions, the so called "social gift" transaction, is the most efficient one for solving the resource allocation problem associated with the utilitarian social welfare.
Paru en juin 2008, 20 pages


Skip to definition.
Noun: sousing saw-sing
 1. The act of making something completely wet
 - drenching, soaking, souse
Verb: souse saws
 1. Cover with liquid; pour liquid onto
 "souse water on his hot face";
 - drench, douse, dowse, soak, sop
 2. Immerse briefly into a liquid so as to wet, coat, or saturate
 "souse the garment into the cleaning solution";
 - dunk, dip, plunge, douse
 3. Become drunk or drink excessively
 - soak, inebriate, hit it up
 4. (cooking) cook in a marinade
 "souse herring"
Derived forms: sousings
Type of: booze, cook, drink, fuddle, immerse, plunge, wet, wetting
Encyclopedia: Sousing