German Student Corps
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German Corps Students value their engagements in academic "Mensur" fencing, here an example in a forest near Tübingen by Gustav Adolf Closs, 1890
Emergence of Corps in Europe
Corps (or Korps; "das ~" (n), German pronunciation: [ˈkoːɐ] (sg.), [ˈkoːɐs] (pl.)) are the oldest still-existing kind of Studentenverbindung, Germany's traditional university corporations; their roots date back to the 15th century. The oldest corps still existing today was founded in 1789. Its members are referred to as corps students (Corpsstudenten). The corps belong to the tradition of student fraternities which wear couleur and practice academic fencing.
The corps are organized in two federations, the Kösener Senioren-Convents-Verband (KSCV) and the Weinheimer Senioren-Convent (WSC). Together, they comprise 162 Corps throughout Germany, Austria, Belgium, Estonia, Latvia, Hungary, Switzerland and Lithuania.
The German Student Corps were traditionally recruited from the nobility, royalty and social elite, and are traditionally viewed as more aristocratic and elitist than other German student fraternities such as the Catholic Cartellverband and the Burschenschaften. They consider tolerance and individuality to be key tenets and are rooted in German idealism. By and large, they are generally conservative in political outlook, but less right-wing and less nationalist than the Burschenschaften. The corps are open to students of all nationalities and religions, unlike many other student fraternities. Although distinct, the corps are in some aspects similar to and serve many of the same purposes of college fraternities found in the United States.
Corps are built upon the principle of tolerance: No corps may endorse a certain political, scientific or religious viewpoint. In addition, all members are solely chosen by their personal character. Neither national, ethnic or social provenance play a role.
Corpsstudenten (corps students) wear couleur (colored stripes and caps) and practice Mensuren, academic fencing with razor-sharp blades that can result in bleeding face wounds, Schmisse. The corps usually bear names that reflect their former origin from certain German regions, such as Saxonia (Saxony) or Guestphalia (Westphalia). Formerly, when a distance of a few hundred kilometres between a student's home town and his university meant weeks of travel, students from the same part of Germany traveled together and formed some kind of "new family". The distance, plus the fact that they carried the money for a complete semester with them in a bag, might also explain why students began fencing, simply for self-defense, for students, military officers and aristocrats were the only people allowed to carry arms.
Like all Studentenverbindungen, corps consist of two bodies: The active part consists of all members, that still study and have duties for the fraternity, and the so-called Altherrenschaft (alumni organization), comprising all those who graduated and thus provide the bear share of the monetary stimulus for the fraternity. A fundamental idea is that older students should help their younger fellows, and this principle dominates the relationship between the two bodies. The former keeps the everyday business of the corps alive, organizes gatherings, keeps the Corpshaus (Corps House) in order. The Altherrenschaft, graduates with regular incomes, provide financial support. This usually means quite cheap housing for the younger members among other things. The Altherrenschaft has the power to intervene in the business of the active members, typically to ensure the principles and spirit of their corps.
The active body is headed by a panel of three Chargierte (charged persons), who are elected by all active, full members at the beginning of each semester (or at the end of the former one). Their functions are called Senior, Consenior and Drittchargierter (meaning third charged person, also named Subsenior in some corps).:
 - The Senior is responsible for all corps affairs in general, but leading and heading gatherings and events in special; he supplements his signature with a single cross (x) (in some corps with three crosses (xxx)) as an external sign of his duties.
 - The Consenior teaches fencing to all members of the inner corps and assures the execution of the Mensuren in coordination with the Conseniors of other corps; his signature is enhanced by two crosses (xx).
 - The Drittchargierter (also known as Sekretär, Secretary) has administrative tasks like paperwork and often the task of a treasurer; his sign is three crosses (xxx) (in some corps one cross (x)).
Being the oldest of their kind, the corps tend to treat all other forms of German Studentenverbindungen with contempt; corps despise all posturing and affectation (e.g. the overly use of Latinisms) that other kinds of Studentenverbindungen, esp. Catholic corporations and Burschenschaften show. This does not mean that they consider other corporations as natural-born enemies. This might happen occasionally, but also vice versa.
Even with the principle of tolerance being a central aspect in each corps' self-image, every corps student is urged to develop his own viewpoints, to stand for them and to strongly participate in society, whether in politics, economy or social affairs. This encouragement for ethical and self-confident behaviour on one side, and the absence of a limitation to certain views on the other, let Corps students often show up as the leading figures of the most diverse political directions. The emphasis on individuality brought many corps students in opposition to totalitarian regimes, such as the National Socialist dictatorship.
The Weinheimer Student Corps also maintain a confederation with Tau Kappa Epsilon Fraternity, a college Fraternity with over 270 chapters in the United States and Canada.
The Corps sprang from the older Landsmannschaft. The name Corps came into use in 1810 at the University of Heidelberg and soon displaced the older name of Landsmannschaft at all the universities. The oldest still active Corps are the 1789 founded Guestphalia at the University of Halle, the 1798 founded Onoldia at the University of Erlangen who are both members of the KSCV and as a member of the WSC the Saxo-Montania founded also 1798 at the Bergakademie Freiberg today at the RWTH Aachen University. After the Carlsbad Decrees 1819 the Corps were exposed to harsh persecution by university and state officials just like their rivals as at the universities in Germany the Burschenschaften. After 1848, they were officially approved.[1]
A selection of famous Corps students[edit]
Economy and Engineering[edit]
Fine Arts and Culture[edit]
Further reading[edit]
 - Lees Knowles: A day with corps-students in Germany[2]
 - Martin Biastoch: Duell und Mensur im Kaiserreich (am Beispiel der Tübinger Corps Franconia, Rhenania, Suevia und Borussia zwischen 1871 und 1895). SH-Verlag, Vierow 1995, ISBN 3-89498-020-6
 - Martin Biastoch: Tübinger Studenten im Kaiserreich. Eine sozialgeschichtliche Untersuchung, Sigmaringen 1996 (Contubernium - Tübinger Beiträge zur Universitätsund Wissenschaftsgeschichte Bd. 44) ISBN 3-515-08022-8
 - Martin Biastoch: Die Corps im Kaiserreich – Idealbild einer Epoche?. In: „Wir wollen Männer, wir wollen Taten" – Deutsche Corpsstudenten 1848 bis heute, hrg. v. Rolf Joachim Baum, Siedler Verlag, Berlin 1998, S. 111–132.
 - R.G.S. Weber: The German Corps in the Third Reich Macmillan London
 - Stephen Klimczuk, Gerald Warner: Secret Places, Hidden Sanctuaries: Uncovering Mysterious Sights, Symbols, and Societies, Sterling Publishing Company, 2009, p. 224-232 (The German University Corps)
In English[edit]
In German[edit]
In the Netherlands[edit]
In Belgium[edit]
 1. ^ This article incorporates text from a work in the public domain: Carl Schurz (1913). Edward Manley, ed. Lebenserinnerungen Bis zum Jahre 1850: Selections. With notes and vocabulary. Norwood, Massachusetts: Allyn and Bacon. p. 204. A German reader. The notes are in English for the most part. The copy at is missing some pages of the notes.
 2. ^ "A day with corps-students in Germany". Retrieved 2013-09-27.
 3. ^
 4. ^ [1] Archived March 14, 2008 at the Wayback Machine
 5. ^ [2]
 6. ^ [3]
 7. ^ "". 2009-05-15. Retrieved 2013-09-27.
 8. ^
 9. ^


Glossary definition
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text:
Page:Graimear na _URL_
44. In Irish there are five cases—the Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative, and Vocative.
The Nominative case in Irish corresponds to the English nominative when the subject of a verb.
The Accusative corresponds to the English objective case when governed by a transitive verb. The accusative case of every noun in modern Irish has the same form as the nominative, and suffers the same initial changes as regards aspiration and eclipsis.
The Genitive case corresponds to the English possessive case. English nouns in the possessive case or in the objective case, preceded by the preposition "of," are usually translated into Irish by the genitive case.
The Dative case is the case governed by prepositions.
The Vocative corresponds to the English nominative of address. It is always used in addressing a person or persons. It is preceded by the sign a, although "O" may not appear before the English word; but this a is not usually pronounced before a vowel or fh.
RULES FOR THE FORMATION OF THE CASES.
N.B.—These rules apply to all the declensions.
45. The Nominative case singular is always the simple form of the noun.

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text:
Continuing Education Quality Assurance Manager
- Job posted by American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
2200 Research Boulevard
The purpose of the position is to support the work of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association's (ASHA) Continuing Education (CE) program by ensuring there is quality and consistency in the daily functions performed by the individuals in the CE Accounts Manager and CE Provider Manager positions This incumbent reports directly to the Associate Director of CE Operations and is a liaison between the CE Account Managers, the CE Provider Managers, and the Associate Director of CE Operations.
- Develop, implement, and maintain standard operating procedures, policies, and processes related to the day-to-day operations to ensure quality and consistency.
- Serve as the lead technical and informational resource to Accounts Manager and Provider Manager team members. Work with teams to facilitate calibration and decision-making.
- Train CE Accounts Managers and Provider Mangers on position responsibilities, service delivery techniques, ASHA CE policies and procedures, and systems utilization.
- Identify and facilitate process improvements. Use data and trends to recommend and implement changes to processes and procedures.
- Assist in generating, updating, and disseminating reports and task schedules. Manage and document daily scheduling changes to ensure office coverage.
- Oversee the customer service experience. Troubleshoot escalated issues.
- Operate as a Provider Manager and Account Manager for a small caseload of new Providers and Providers with compliance challenges, ensuring consistency in the onboarding and retraining processes for Providers.
- Ensure CE Providers understand and implement processes needed to adhere to internal system restrictions, CEB requirements, and adult learning best practices.
Knowledge Typically Acquired Through
- Bachelor's degree
- Supervisory or demonstrated leadership experience
- Experience working with accreditation or standard based programs or regulatory bodies is preferred.
- Quality management experience is preferred; Have used tools, concepts and methodologies related to Quality Assurance
Scope and Depth of Technical Skills/Knowledge
- Collect and analyze data to inform business decisions
- Use an AMS and/or CMS database management system; experience with netForum, preferred
- Train adults
- Proficiently use Microsoft Office Suite, specifically Microsoft Excel and/or program management software, to produce reports including graphs and pivot tables
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- Manage process improvements, program/project management, and/or standards implementation
- Use adult learning principles and continuing education related best practices and standards
Scope and Depth of Non-Technical Skills/Knowledge
- Take initiative
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- Use communication skills, both orally and in writing;
- Organize and prioritize multiple complex projects/tasks and efficiently manage workload; is detail oriented
Health, Vision, Dental Insurance, Short Term & Long Term Disability, 401k, Wellness Classes, Flextime, Flexplace, Telecommuting, Carpool, Annual Leave, Sick Leave, Paid Holidays
Minimum Education Required

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Rivelin Dam, Peak District National Park
Rivelin Lower Dam is used to supply water to the nearby treatment works. The upstream face is protected with stone pitching which has weathered over the years and more recently suffered from some vandalism. A long-term solution was required to strengthen the upstream face and which was acceptable to the Peak Park Planning Authority.
Yorkshire Water proposed Open Stone Asphalt or repairs to the stone pitching. Although there were initially concerns over the visual impact of OSA, we proposed to surface-dress the layer of OSA with a gravel which helped the revetment blend in with the natural stone wave wall.
Other Safety & Environmental benefits of OSA over pitching repairs included a quicker installation time, longer life-expectancy, and majority machine-work rather than hand-work.
Lean Sand Asphalt was used to fill voids in the pitching before a layer of 150mm OSA was placed over the upstream face.
- 1,500 m2 of upstream face protected.
- Lean Sand Asphalt placed to fill voids between stone pitching
- Minimum of 150mm Open Stone Asphalt placed over upstream face.
- Crest trench for OSA used to provide additional stability due to steep slopes up to 1 in 1.5
- Non-limestone aggregate used due to acidic water
- Gravel surface dressing applied to OSA surface to reduce visual impact of work.


Christian Wedding Sand Ceremony
Christian sand ceremonies represent a union in Christ.
... BananaStock/BananaStock/Getty Images
Weddings are full of symbolism, most of it relating to the bride's family and groom's family becoming one family. In Christian weddings, the couple often performs a small task that symbolizes the two persons becoming one flesh, as stated in Genesis 2:24: "Therefore a man shall leave his father and mother and be joined to his wife, and they shall become one." One way to symbolize this unity is to perform a sand ceremony.
1 Origins of the Ceremony
It is unclear where the tradition of the sand ceremony originated. Many believe that it originated in the Hawaiian Islands -- where beach weddings are common -- while others claim that a similar ceremony has long been performed by certain Native American groups. Wherever the origin, it is no longer limited to a people group or even religious denominations. Many couples, regardless of their religious or spiritual beliefs, use the ceremony to express their deep commitment to each other.
2 How It's Done
Couples may choose to pour the sand from a shell.
... Jupiterimages/Polka Dot/Getty Images
Before the ceremony, the bride and groom each prepare a small vial or cup of sand. If the wedding is at a beach, the bride and groom may use shells to pour the sand. Some couples choose to use different colors of sand, such as the colored sand that is sold at craft stores. Others use sand from a specific place, such as a favorite vacation spot. If the bride and groom are from opposite coasts, they might each take sand from their particular coast. During the ceremony, the minister makes a speech about how the two will now become one, and then he will direct the bride and groom to pour their individual vials of sand into one container.
3 What It Means
The minister will quote scripture as the couple mixes the sand together.
... Thinkstock Images/Comstock/Getty Images
The mixing of the two different types of sand into one, new composition is a symbol of the covenant of marriage. As the sand mixes together, the minister will often quote Matthew 19:6: "What therefore God hath joined together, let no man put asunder." Then the minister may point out how difficult it would be to separate the now-combined sands into their original, individual containers. The difficulty of this hypothetical task is a reminder of the couple's solemn promise to God to commit to making their marriage work.
4 Variations
Some Christian couples also choose to ask the mothers of the bride and groom to pour a small amount of sand into the container. This signifies the joining of the two families into one family under God. Children of the bride and groom may also be asked to contribute to the pattern with their own colors of sand. Or, a couple may ask the minister to pour a third color of sand into the container to signify the work of the Holy Spirit in the couple's marriage.
5 After the Wedding
The swirling pattern of the sand is often quite attractive, especially if two or more different colors were used. This unique design is a visual reminder of God's design, or plan, for a marriage. For this reason, many Christian couples choose to display their container of sand in a prominent location, perhaps on a mantel next to a framed wedding portrait.


text:
Bleed a radiator
If your gas central heating isn't warming your home properly, or your radiators feel colder at the top than at the bottom, it could be because there are air bubbles trapped in the system. This means you need to bleed your radiators.
1. Turn off your central heating and wait for the radiator to cool down.
2. Find a radiator key. You can buy one cheaply from most hardware stores.
3. Look for a small valve at the top of one end of your radiator. Insert the key and turn it counter-clockwise to open the valve. You should hear a hissing sound as air escapes
4. Hold a kitchen towel or cloth under the key to catch any drips of water.
5. When a steady stream of water squirts through the valve, retighten it.


text:
|Oracle9i SQL Reference
Release 2 (9.2)
Part Number A96540-01
Conditions, 10 of 13
LIKE conditions specify a test involving pattern matching. Whereas the equality operator (=) exactly matches one character value to another, the
LIKE conditions match a portion of one character value to another by searching the first value for the pattern specified by the second.
LIKE calculates strings using characters as defined by the input character set.
LIKEC uses Unicode complete characters.
LIKE2 uses UCS2 codepoints.
LIKE4 uses USC4 codepoints.
In this syntax:
char1is a character expression, such as a character column, called the search value.
char2is a character expression, usually a literal, called the pattern.
esc_charis a character expression, usually a literal, called the escape character.
esc_char is not specified, then there is no default escape character. If any of
esc_char is null, then the result is unknown. Otherwise, the escape character, if specified, must be a character string of length 1.
All of the character expressions (
esc_char) can be of any of the datatypes
NVARCHAR2. If they differ, then Oracle converts all of them to the datatype of
The pattern can contain the special pattern-matching characters:
To search for the characters % and _, precede them by the escape character. For example, if the escape character is @, then you can use @% to search for %, and _USER_ to search for _.
To search for the escape character, repeat it. For example, if @ is the escape character, then you can use @@ to search for @.
In the pattern, the escape character should be followed by one of %, _, or the escape character itself.
Table 5-11 describes the
|Type of Condition||Operation||Example|
To process the
LIKE conditions, Oracle divides the pattern into subpatterns consisting of one or two characters each. The two-character subpatterns begin with the escape character and the other character is %, or _, or the escape character.
Let P1, P2,..., Pn be these subpatterns. The like condition is true if there is a way to partition the search value into substrings S1, S2,..., Sn so that for all i between 1 and n:
LIKE conditions, you can compare a value to a pattern rather than to a constant. The pattern must appear after the
LIKE keyword. For example, you can issue the following query to find the salaries of all employees with names beginning with 'R':
The following query uses the = operator, rather than the
LIKE condition, to find the salaries of all employees with the name 'R%':
The following query finds the salaries of all employees with the name 'SM%'. Oracle interprets 'SM%' as a text literal, rather than as a pattern, because it precedes the
Patterns typically use special characters that Oracle matches with different characters in the value:
Case is significant in all conditions comparing character expressions including the
LIKE condition and the equality (=) operators. You can use the
UPPER function to perform a case-insensitive match, as in this condition:
When you use
LIKE to search an indexed column for a pattern, Oracle can use the index to improve the statement's performance if the leading character in the pattern is not "%" or "_". In this case, Oracle can scan the index by this leading character. If the first character in the pattern is "%" or "_", then the index cannot improve the query's performance because Oracle cannot scan the index.
This condition is true for all
last_name values beginning with "Ma":
All of these
last_name values make the condition true:
Case is significant, so
last_name values beginning with "MA", "ma", and "mA" make the condition false.
Consider this condition:
This condition is true for these
This condition is false for '
SMITH', since the special character "_" must match exactly one character of the
You can include the actual characters "%" or "_" in the pattern by using the
ESCAPE clause, which identifies the escape character. If the escape character appears in the pattern before the character "%" or "_" then Oracle interprets this character literally in the pattern, rather than as a special pattern matching character.
To search for employees with the pattern 'A_B' in their name:
ESCAPE clause identifies the backslash (\) as the escape character. In the pattern, the escape character precedes the underscore (_). This causes Oracle to interpret the underscore literally, rather than as a special pattern matching character.
If a pattern does not contain the "%" character, then the condition can be true only if both operands have the same length. Consider the definition of this table and the values inserted into it:
CREATE TABLE ducks (f CHAR(6), v VARCHAR2(6)); INSERT INTO ducks VALUES ('DUCK', 'DUCK'); SELECT '*'||f||'*' "char", '*'||v||'*' "varchar" FROM ducks; char varchar -------- -------- *DUCK * *DUCK*
Because Oracle blank-pads
CHAR values, the value of
f is blank-padded to 6 bytes.
v is not blank-padded and has length 4.


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Tree List
Simple Array: Plain Structure
To bind the TreeList to an array that contains plain-structured data objects, do the following:
 1. Assign the array to the dataSource property.
 2. Specify the data fields that contain node keys in the keyExpr property and parent node keys in the parentIdExpr property.
 3. Specify the root node's key in the rootValue property if it is not 0.
The TreeList builds a tree from plain data objects based on the specified properties.
View Demo


Create HPCC Systems Reports on JasperReports Server
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Deploy the CData JDBC Driver on JasperReports Server to provide real-time HPCC Systems data access from reports, embedded analytics, and more.
The CData JDBC Driver for HPCC Systems enables you to provide access to HPCC Systems data across the enterprise. This article shows how to deploy the driver on JasperReports server and create a simple report based on a reporting domain, a business view of HPCC Systems data.
Deploy the Driver JAR
Follow the steps below to deploy the driver JAR on JasperReports Server. The instructions below contain specifics for HPCC Systems and the Tomcat server bundled with JasperReports Server. If you are using JBoss AS 7 instead of Tomcat, you can follow the standard process to deploy the HPCC Systems JDBC Driver on JBoss.
 1. Copy the driver JAR and.lic file, located in the lib subfolder of the installation directory, to the lib subfolder of the apache-tomcat folder, located in the JasperReports Server installation directory.
 2. Navigate to apache-tomcat -> webapps -> jasperserver-pro -> META-INF and add the following resource entry to the context.xml file:

 Specify the required connection properties in the JDBC URL -- the url attribute.
 To connect, set the following connection properties: Set URL to the machine name or IP address of the server and the port the server is running on, for example, https://server:port. The User and Password are required to authenticate to the HPCC Systems cluster specified in the URL. Note that LDAP authentication is not currently supported by our ODBC driver.
 Set Version to the WsSQL Web server version. Note that if you have not already done so, you will need to install the WsSQL service on the HPCC Systems server. The WsSQL Web service is used to interact with the underlying HPCC Systems platform.
 Set Cluster to the target cluster.
 Built-in Connection String Designer
 For assistance in constructing the JDBC URL, use the connection string designer built into the HPCC Systems JDBC Driver. Either double-click the JAR file or execute the jar file from the command-line.
 java -jar cdata.jdbc.hpcc.jar
 3. Navigate to jasperserver-pro -> WEB-INF and add the following reference to the web.xml file: HPCC Systems data JSP jdbc/hpcc javax.sql.DataSource Container
 4. Restart the server.
Create the HPCC Systems JDBC Data Source
Follow the steps below to map the HPCC Systems JDBC driver to a JDBC data source:
 1. Log into JasperReports Server and click Create -> Data Source.
 2. In the Type menu, select JNDI Data Source.
 3. In the Service Name box, enter the JDNI lookup defined in the resource definition in the web.xml file. In the example, the lookup is "jdbc/hpcc".
 4. Click Save to create the Data Source.
Create a Domain
A domain is a metadata and access-control layer that surfaces a relevant business view to report creators. Follow the steps below to select HPCC Systems columns, apply filters, and execute SQL to create a domain.
 1. Click Create -> Domain. Enter an Id for the domain and select a save location.
 2. Click Browse in the Data Source section and select the HPCC Systems data source you created.
 3. In the Domain Design section, click Create with Domain Designer.
 4. Select the schema containing your tables.
 5. On the Tables tab, select a table in the Data Source pane and then click the arrow to add them to the Selected Tables pane.
 6. On the Derived Tables tab, you can define domains based on SQL queries. For example,
 SELECT SUM(hpcc::test::orders.Price), hpcc::test::customers.CustomerName FROM hpcc::test::orders INNER JOIN hpcc::test::customers ON hpcc::test::orders.CustomerId=hpcc::test::customers.CustomerId;GROUP BY hpcc::test::customers.CustomerName
 7. On the Joins tab, you can join tables by selecting the columns you want to build the join condition and selecting the join type.
 8. On the Pre-Filters tab, drag and drop columns to define search criteria that filters the data exposed through the domain.
 9. On the Display tab, select HPCC Systems data into the data sets presented to the user.
 10. Click OK to accept your changes and click Submit to create the domain.
Explore Data in Real Time
After you have created a domain, you are ready to connect to data. Follow the steps below to create an Ad Hoc View in the Ad Hoc Editor.
 1. Click Create -> Ad Hoc View.
 2. In the resulting dialog, select the HPCC Systems domain you created.
 3. On the Choose Data page, select columns that you want to use in the view. In the Pre-Filters section, you can create filters based on the selected fields. In the Display section, you can modify column information as presented by the domain.
 4. After completing the wizard, select the view type and add columns to the view. JasperSoft uses the metadata of the driver to detect the available dimensions and measures, based on the data type. Drag dimensions and measures onto the Columns and Rows boxes. Right-click a measure to change the summary calculation. Drag the Columns slider to the the desired data level in the Filters section.
 5. To access updates to the data as you design the view, change the menu selection from Sample Data to Full Data in the design mode toolbar. As you make changes, JasperSoft Server executes the underlying SQL queries to the driver.
 6. Save the view.
Create a Real-Time Report
You can now create reports hosted on JasperSoft Server. To do so from the Ad Hoc Editor, click Save Ad Hoc View and click Create Report.


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Let $E$ a rank $r\geq 3$ vector bundle over a curve $C$ and let $E'$ a rank $r-1$ subbundle of $E$. Thus we have $\mathbb{P} (E') \subset \mathbb{P} (E)$; what can be said about $ \xi|_{\mathbb{P}(E')}$, where $\xi$ is the tautological class of $\mathbb P (E)$?
If $\xi'$, $F'$ are resp. the tautological class of $\mathbb P (E')$ and the class of a fibre in $\mathbb P (E')$, is it possible to compute the components of $ \xi|_{\mathbb{P}(E')}$ with respetc to $\xi'$, $F'$?
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1 Answer 1
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I personally prefer to work with sheaves which ultimately gives you the same thing, but sometimes you need to work in a dual setting. So, I will use sheaves below, feel free to rewrite this for yourself in the language of bundles.
Let $\alpha: \mathscr E_1\to \mathscr E_2$ be a surjective morphism of sheaves and a scheme $X$ and let $\pi_i:\mathbb P(\mathscr E_i)\to X$ be the associated projective bundle for $i=1,2$.
By construction there exist surjective sheaf morphisms $\pi_i^*\mathscr E_i\to \mathscr O_{\mathbb P(\mathscr E_i)}(1)$ on $\mathbb P(\mathscr E_i)$. Pulling back $\alpha$ to $\mathbb P(\mathscr E_2)$ gives a composition of surjective morphisms: $$ \pi_2^*\mathscr E_1\to \pi_2^*\mathscr E_2\to \mathscr O_{\mathbb P(\mathscr E_2)}(1). $$
This induces a natural map $\beta: \mathbb P(\mathscr E_2)\to \mathbb P (\mathscr E_1)$ such that $\beta^* \mathscr O_{\mathbb P(\mathscr E_2)}(1) = \mathscr O_{\mathbb P(\mathscr E_2)}(1)$. I leave it for you to check that $\beta$ is injective (after all you claimed this as a matter-of-fact in the question). The pull-back equality means that the tautological class of $\pi_1$ restricts to the tautological class of $\pi_2$.
In other words, using your notation, $\xi|_{\mathbb P(E')}=\xi'$.
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text:
In 1908 Edison increased the playing time of the cylinders. From _PHONE_ the speed of the records varied so the record could fit the song, anywhere from 90-144rpm. After 1902 the speed was standardized at 160rpm. In 1908 Edison cylinders...
The Edison Triumph Model D pre-dates the Edison Opera. The lightweight, freestanding horn is something of a wonder in that there is no need for a crane to support the horn.
Notice the wax cylinder being used on this instrument.


Exploring Guangzhou: 4 Interesting Things To Do
There are many cities around the world known for being busy trade destinations and Guangzhou happens to be one of them.
Despite the busyness within the trade area of this city, the rest of the streets have quite a different atmosphere, which is laidback and calm. Visitors can spend their time in this city exploring sights, both old and new, while admiring how past and current traditions and thoughts blend together seamlessly.
Here are 4 things that everyone must do while visiting Guangzhou:
1. Go to the Top of Canton Tower
things to do in Guangzhou: Canton Tower
Canton Tower is the tallest building within Guangzhou and the second tallest one in the entire country. Those who venture to the top will find themselves four hundred and fifty meters in the air on the observation deck, as they see panoramic views of the city. The best time to visit this tower is at night, as the views include the magic from the city being lit up.
2. Visit Shamian Island
things to do in Guangzhou: Shamian Island
The trade industry was important on this island until the middle of the 19th century, and while some of that history is still present, visitors can tell that the colonial influence is everywhere. As people wander around the island, they will see how some areas have been influenced by one country, while other areas have been influenced by other countries. The French Catholic Church is one of the main attractions on the island, as are the row of houses that used to be known as the Thirteen Factories.
3. Visit the Chimelong Zoo
things to do in Guangzhou: Chimelong Zoo
This zoo is also a safari park, circus, amusement park, water park, golf center, and resort, so people will find something that they love when they visit! Everyone can either ride in a cart or walk past animals that are allowed to roam freely within the three hundred and twenty acres of this park and zoo. While the animals are wild, visitors are allowed to interact with a few of them. Although there are many animals, the most popular one is the pandas, and the only area of the country that has more than they do here is Chengdu. There is also a crocodile farm with at least one hundred thousand crocodiles that many people are fascinated by. The amusement park has some amazing rides, as does the waterpark, so visitors may want to plan on spending at least a day here.
4. Take One of the Pearl River Cruises
things to do in Guangzhou: Pearl River Cruises
The Pearl River is the third largest river in the country and one of the best ways for visitors to see the city of Guangzhou is to take a cruise along this river. While the daytime cruises are wonderful, most people will prefer the evening ones when the city is lit up bright under the nighttime sky. A few of the places that cruisers will see include the Nanfang Mansion, the White Swan Hotel, the White Goose Pool, and the Guangzhou Bridge.
These four things are the highlights of this fabulous city, but there are many other attractions that everyone will want to visit when they are there. These four things only touch upon the beauty that is everywhere in Guangzhou and there is plenty more waiting to be discovered.
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Traveling Through China as an Overlander
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Exploring Chongqing: 5 Interesting Things to Do


Subject: Re: Inherited shared slots
From: Erik Naggum <>
Date: 1998/04/13
Newsgroups: comp.lang.lisp
Message-ID: <>
* Erann Gat
| Here's a puzzle for you CLOS and MOP wizards.
 I'll try to answer, anyway.
| Is there a way to have a slot variable that is inherited as a class
| allocated variable in the sub-class?
 sorry to be so elaborate, but do you mean as in this example:
(defclass foo ()
 ((zot :allocation :class)))
(defclass bar (foo)
(eq (setf (slot-value (make-instance 'bar) 'zot) (cons nil nil))
 (slot-value (make-instance 'bar) 'zot))
 should yield T?
 if so, you're in luck, because this is already the specified behavior of
 shared slots, _unless_ you create a new slot with the same name. here's
 what the HyperSpec says on this issue (7.5.3):
 A consequence of the allocation rule is that a shared slot can be
 shadowed. For example, if a class C1 defines a slot named S whose
 value for the :allocation slot option is :class, that slot is
 accessible in instances of C1 and all of its subclasses. However, if
 C2 is a subclass of C1 and also defines a slot named S, C1's slot is
 not shared by instances of C2 and its subclasses. When a class C1
 defines a shared slot, any subclass C2 of C1 will share this single
 slot unless the defclass form for C2 specifies a slot of the same name
 or there is a superclass of C2 that precedes C1 in the class precedence
 list of C2 that defines a slot of the same name.
 hope this helps.
 religious cult update in light of new scientific discoveries:


Previous Next Contents
3. Conversion of the US National Airspace Data Files
3.1 Obtaining the US National Airspace Data CD-ROM
The US National Airspace Data ISO 9660 CD-ROM can be obtained for a nominal fee by sending a request in writing to the FAA Aeronautical Information Services Division. The data is suitable for navigation purposes, and the effective dates coincide with the 56 day charting cycle. The data is generally available about 15 days before the starting effective date. A subscription plan is also available that includes a password for ftp access, and a four month advance notice of any pending format changes. More information can be obtained from the FAA web sites at;
3.2 Overview of the Conversion Process
The files on the National Airspace Data CD-ROM are stored in a format that uses fixed width data fields, and fixed length records. The formats of these files are described in detail in the documents provided on the CD-ROM. The conversion of these files is a two step process. The first step utilizes awk scripts to extract selected data fields, and write them out in a format with variable width data fields. The ":" character is used as a data field delimiter. The choice of the colon character for the delimiter was motivated by the fact that this is what the fplan databases use. These intermediate files are very similar to the comma delimited files that were once available for free download. The final step is to convert the intermediate files to the desired format using the nasdconv application.
3.3 Generating the Intermediate Files
There are three intermediate files with variable width data fields; containing airports, fixes, and navaids. To avoid the possibility of data corruption, we must insure that the character used to delimit data fields (the colon character), does not appear in the data itself. At the time of this writing, a check of the raw NASD files shows that they don't contain any colon characters. However, as a fail safe, the first step of the conversion process is to filter the NASD files with sed, to convert any colon characters to semicolons.
To generate the intermediate airport file, the apt.txt and twr.txt NASD files are converted using the nasd_apt.awk and nasd_twr.awk scripts respectively. The two output streams are merged and sorted by identifier and record type. The intermediate fix file is the result of converting the fix.txt NASD file using the nasd_fix.awk awk script. The intermediate navaid file is the result of converting the nav.txt NASD file using the nasd_nav.awk awk script.
3.4 Creating Output for fplan
The mkfplandb bourne shell script makes it easy to create database files for use with fplan. The script handles everything; the filtering of the raw data with sed, the creation and sorting of the intermediate files, running nasdconv and paddb, and so on. I have added more error checking in this release, which should make it robust enough for the casual user. Here is a step by step overview of how to use the script;
 1. If you have the NASD CD-ROM, place it in your drive and mount it with the "mount" command. Depending on permissions, you may need to be the root user to do this. Because the CD-ROM does not make consistent use of upper and lower case characters in the filenames, you should include the option "check=relaxed" in your "mount" command.
 2. Now run "mkfplandb" to generate the fplan database files. A brief description of all available options can be obtained by using the "-h" option. If you want to see what commands the script is executing, include the "-v" option on the command line.
 3. If mkfplandb has difficulty in determining where your CD-ROM is mounted in your file system, or if you have copied the NASD files to disk, you can specify the directory where they are located with the "-d" command line option.
 4. If mkfplandb has difficulty in locating any of the executables that it needs, you can specify the exact location on your system by setting the corresponding environment variable (e.g. AWK, NASDCONV, PADDB, SED, SORT).
 5. The NASDCONV_FLAGS environment variable can be used to specify the command line options passed to nasdconv. The default options are "-k -f wmm -m fm -t fplan".
The remainder of this section provides a closer look at the process of generating databases for use with fplan. The airports.nav data file is generated by running nasdconv with the intermediate airport file as input. The vors.nav file is generated from the combined outputs from nasdconv with the intermediate fix and navaid files as inputs. The files written by nasdconv must be sorted by identifier, and padded to fixed length records using the paddb utility supplied with fplan. (The fplan application uses a fast binary search that relies on fixed length records). Here is a simple diagram that shows the entire process.
apt.txt ->sed ->apt.awk -+
 sort ->nasdconv ->paddb ->airports.nav
twr.txt ->sed ->twr.awk -+
fix.txt ->sed ->fix.awk ->nasdconv -+
 sort ->paddb ->vors.nav
nav.txt ->sed ->nav.awk ->nasdconv -+
3.5 Creating Output for ICAO Map
The ICAO Map software reads a single world database file that contains all airport and navigational aid information. You can simply merge the output from nasdconv with the intermediate airport, fix, and navaid files as inputs. To reduce the memory requirements of ICAO Map, you might consider creating separate world files for your state or region. The parser in release 1.0 of ICAO Map is not compatible with some of the characters output by nasdconv. The file icao-1.0.patch contains a patch for this problem, as well as support for printing to letter size paper.
3.6 Running the nasdconv application
In this section, we provide a brief overview of running nasdconv, a complete reference on command line syntax can be found in the provided man page. There are two options with important ramifications that we discuss below. What's right for you depends on your specific situation.
This option provides a mechanism for differentiating between an airport and navigational aid with the same identifier. (There are many examples of this in the airport database). This option implements a convention currently used by many GPS manufacturers. Any airport identifier that is all alphabetic, and is exactly three characters long, is prepended by the character "K". This applies to all such airports, regardless of the existence of a navigational aid with the same identifier. So for example, HMT becomes KHMT, while identifiers like L78 and CL35 are not changed by the translation algorithm.
-m (db|fm)
This option controls the convention used for determining the magnetic variation entries in the output databases. For some of the NASD database files, (the fix files for example), a magnetic variation value is not provided, so a value must be estimated using a model (see the following section). The other NASD database files provide a magnetic variation value. To use the database value when it's available, use db as the argument to this option. To always use the value computed by the model, use fm. This is the default and recommended value.
This option controls the convention used for determining the magnetic variation entries in the output databases. Some of the NASD files, the fix files for example, do not provide a value for the magnetic variation. For these inputs, a value will always be estimated using a model (see the following section). To use the database value when it's available from the input file, use db as the argument to this option. To always use the value computed by the model, use fm. This is the default and recommended value (see the next section for details).
3.7 The Geomagnetic Field Module
One of the problems with the NASD database files is that in many cases the magnetic variation values are either missing entirely or not very accurate. For example, the fix files have no magnetic variation entries of any kind. The nav files provide a value for magnetic variation, but only rounded to the nearest whole degree. In many cases, the epoch year associated with a magnetic variation value is quite dated, (this is undesirable because the values drift slowly with time). At any rate, this presented an unexpected complication that had to be dealt with. I needed a model to calculate the magnetic variation, given an arbitrary latitude and longitude referenced to some datum.
The Physical Model
After some research, I quickly concluded that the best solution was to use one of the geomagnetic field models in common use by the Geophysics community. The two most commonly encountered models are the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF), and the United States Department of Defense World Magnetic Model (WMM). In these models, the geomagnetic field potential is represented by a summation of spherical harmonics (using associated Legendre functions). The coefficients are found by fitting the model to very precise measurements of the earth's geomagnetic field. A secular change model is used to account for the slow drifting of the earth's magnetic field over time. The models are updated once every five years, with the next model due to come out in the year 2005. The model coefficients and a collection of support software are distributed in the United States by the National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) located in Boulder, CO.


Data Management
Displaying money values in currency format in SQL
Arthur Fuller responds to a reader who sent him a question recently asking how to display currency amounts in currency format. Check out the solution he offers for the reader's problem.
A reader sent me a question recently in which he wanted to know how to display currency amounts in the format we commonly refer to as currency. (I realize how geo-centric this is, so I will attempt to be world-centric in my response to the reader's question.)
Let's use the Northwind database as our testbed. Consider the following SQL request:
USE Northwind
 Quantity * UnitPrice AS Amount
FROM [Order Details]
This request results in a set that looks like Listing A (which is an abbreviated list). This delivers the correct answers yet not in the desired format. We can alter the look of the money columns, but there is a cost of sorts. For instance, the statement in Listing B delivers what we want (i.e., amounts formatted as currency).
The reader also wanted to know how to get the currency sign prepended to the amount, e.g., $1,320.00. Given the revised statement in Listing B, this is not difficult to do, as you can see here:
USE Northwind
 '$' + CONVERT(varchar(12), Unitprice, 1) AS Unitprice,
 '$' + CONVERT(varchar(12), Quantity * UnitPrice, 1) AS Amount
FROM [Order Details]
Listing C shows how this results in the desired display. I should add one additional proviso that isn't apparent. Style 1 works only on the data types money and smallmoney. Therefore, if you ever store your data in another type, then you can do a double-convert, like this:
CONVERT(varchar, CONVERT(money, YourFieldName), 1)
Why display money values in currency format?
Now that we've created what the reader requested, you may be asking yourself: Why would you want to display money values in currency format?
Assuming that the output target is Query Analyzer, then it makes sense to want your format to look more attractive. But how many users in your organization actually use Query Analyzer to do their jobs? My guess is fewer than five. Most users opt for applications written in Microsoft Access,.NET, Excel, or Delphi, whose formatting functions surpass T-SQL's by a long shot. T-SQL is not designed for elaborate formatting, but rather efficient delivery of the underlying data.
However, you may have a legitimate reason to deliver the data in this format; if so, there is a cost of sorts. The column as delivered is no longer money or even numeric, so you can't perform arithmetic functions (i.e., average, sum, min, max, etc.) within it. If you require such operations, you will have to add the actual column to the SELECT statement, and then perform the operations on that column.
Why offer server code instead of client code?
T-SQL provides solutions to this display problem as illustrated above, but are these the right solutions for your situation? The bottom line here is separation of the front from the back end.
Most of the time, your solution to this problem lies in client code rather than SQL code. However, I recognize that there are some situations in which it is best handled in server code. For example, Access, VB, and.NET offer the Format() function, which handles this problem nicely. This won't always work; for example, you might be feeding a text file into some program that is expecting money amounts to be displayed in exactly one way.
So, if you do need the server code, now you have it. But before you implement it, realize the cost as described above.
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In the book of Judges, we learn that the tribe of Benjamin fielded a corps of slingers.
These soldiers were not mere conscripts, but rather we're informed that they were "chosen", in the sense of 'elite' or in some way elevated to a position of esteem. Moreover, they were skilled at the sling to the extent that they were accurate to a hair's breadth.
What's more interesting is that this corps of chosen elite was left handed. How did this come to be? Were these soldiers veterans whose right arm had become mangled and disfigured during the course of so many campaigns such that it was no longer usable? And so they retrained into left handed slingers? And having been veterans they were already combat-ready and disciplined and thus ready to be a "chosen" elite?
Or were left handed children culled at a very young age and trained to be slingers (i.e., the Jedi model)? If so, how could there be so many left handed children so as to make a "chosen" corps of 700?
Otherwise what is a plausible explanation for an elite corps of left handed soldiers?
share|improve this question
2 Answers 2
Rik Smits, in "The Puzzle of Left-Handedness", points out that slingers and other fighters really needed to be sorted by handedness. They stood close together, and if they were mixed up, people were going to get hurt.
10% of the male population, more or less, appears to have been left-handed since the birth of Homo Sapiens. Rather than try to intersperse their lefties into the general battle line, with potentially bad consequences, it makes sense that they would have taken them all together. Why they preferred the sling is an interesting question, but perhaps if you only have a small group, they are more effective with the ranged weapon instead of hand-to-hand.
share|improve this answer
The Hebrew idiom for left handed is 'bound/restricted in the right hand' so that in Judges 20:16, which is the verse you are describing, it reads בָּח֔וּר אִטֵּ֖ר (chosen men bound). Therefore, I think the Net Bible is correct:
The phrase, which refers to Ehud, literally reads "bound/restricted in the right hand," apparently a Hebrew idiom for a left-handed person. See Judg 20:16, where 700 Benjaminites are described in this way. Perhaps the Benjaminites purposely trained several of their young men to be left-handed warriors by restricting the use of the right hand from an early age so the left hand would become dominant. Left-handed men would have a distinct military advantage, especially when attacking city gates. See B. Halpern, "The Assassination of Eglon: The First Locked-Room Murder Mystery," BRev 4 (1988): 35.
This seems to make sense to me as the same tribe of slingers are also called ambidextrous which would make sense when you train people to be left, when the are naturally right.
They were bowmen and could shoot arrows and sling stones with either the right or the left hand; they were Benjaminites, Saul's kinsmen. (1 Chronicles 12:2)
share|improve this answer
Could "bound/restricted in the right hand," be interpretted as having lost the use of the right hand in combat or the like? – GJV Feb 21 '13 at 21:27
_USER_ - sure. It is possible. – Mike Feb 21 '13 at 23:57
Your Answer


text:
You can speed up the access to nodes of a large Info file by giving it a tags table. Unlike the tags table for a program, the tags table for an Info file lives inside the file itself and is used automatically whenever Info reads in the file.
To make a tags table, go to a node in the file using Emacs Info mode and type
M-x Info-tagify. Then you must use C-x C-s to save the
file. Info files produced by the
makeinfo command that is part
of the Texinfo package always have tags tables to begin with.
Once the Info file has a tags table, you must make certain it is up
to date. If you edit an Info file directly (as opposed to editing its
Texinfo source), and, as a result of deletion of text, any node moves back
more than a thousand characters in the file from the position
recorded in the tags table, Info will no longer be able to find that
node. To update the tags table, use the
An Info file tags table appears at the end of the file and looks like this:
^_^L Tag Table: File: info, Node: Cross-refs^?21419 File: info, Node: Tags^?22145 ^_ End Tag Table
Note that it contains one line per node, and this line contains the beginning of the node's header (ending just after the node name), a 'DEL' character, and the character position in the file of the beginning of the node.


text:
input-file - File input
input-file: [] input-file: |[cmd]
file The file events are read from. The standard input is used by default. cmd If the file name starts with a |, it is interpreted as a command which is run. The process stdout is used as input file for input-file.


The best summer camp on earth?
Raincoast has been fortunate to play a small role in what Qqs does in an incredible place.
Bighouse in the Kvai watershed.
Photo by Nathaniel Glickman.
Situated at the mouth of an unlogged watershed, Koeye camp is what I believe to be the best summer camp on earth. For the last 21 years, the Qqs Projects Society has been running a camp for youth in this remote part of the BC coast.
It is a place steeped in the traditions of people who have lived in this land since time immemorial, while also embracing the evolving modern world. Youth ages 7-15 years old come to learn the culture that their parents and grandparents were widely prohibited by colonial oppression from learning. They come to engage with the landscape, building relationships with the plants and animals that sustained prosperous communities for millennia. Among other things, campers practice the art of consilience – learning from Indigenous Knowledge and science to better understand the world around them. And finally, and maybe most importantly, they have a retreat to be kids, to laugh and play, and make new friends.
Raincoast has been fortunate to play a small role in what Qqs does in this incredible place. Every August, students from Raincoast's Applied Conservation Science Lab, at the University of Victoria, and Raincoast educators board our 66 ft sailboat Achiever, head north across Cape Caution and lead 'Science Week' – one of six Qqs camps offered in the season.
There are innumerous aspects of this magical place that warrant my claim of Kvai being the best kids camp on earth. To keep it brief I will discuss these important factors: the location, the ecosystem, and the teachings.
The Location
Roughly 130 kilometres north of Port Hardy and 60 kilometres south of Bella Bella, the Koeye River estuary sits in an inconspicuous sandy bay in Fitzhugh Sound, in the lower reaches of the Inside Passage. The presence of a deep water channel called Hakai Pass adds a unique flair to the otherwise protected waters of the passage. Deep ocean swells penetrate the two kilometre wide passage sending waves directly at the mainland coast, with Koeye being the epicenter. These waves stir up the shoreline, providing a nutrient boost to the already rich nearshore waters. As Achiever enters the bay from the south, after a buttery smooth crossing of Cape Caution, we are welcomed by the gentle roll of swell as the large cedar bighouse comes into view.
A small eddy calms the waters where canoes lie tied to logs, and squealing, swimming campers submerge themselves in the brisk brackish waters of the estuary.
Traveling east from the bighouse and navigating through the small entrance of the Koeye river, you arrive at the location of the camp. Perched on the edge of old-growth forest, alongside an ancient village site, the simple cedar cabins lie. A small eddy calms the waters where canoes lie tied to logs, and squealing, swimming campers submerge themselves in the brisk brackish waters of the estuary.
If you can make it past the excited and friendly group of kids and head further upriver, you are greeted with two kilometres of tidal waters. As the serpentine reaches of the estuary lead further inland, you enter one of the most incredible estuarine meadows on this part of the coast. The watershed has never been industrially logged, and drains countless streams and tributaries through intact old-growth temperate rainforest. No matter who you are or where you come from, this place holds a power that is undeniable and I am in awe every time I am lucky enough to return.
The Ecology
As campers explore intertidal life on the rocky shores of the outer coastline they pause to watch humpback whales breach, as the other half of the group gains a first-hand experience of life as a whale researcher, viewing the humpback mother and calf from the deck of Achiever.
As the tide fills in and the campers begin their migration back along the sandy beach to camp, we examine animal tracks from gulls, sandpipers, mink and, then finally, grizzly bear. The young bear had the same idea we did that morning, taking advantage of the 0.3 m low tide to scavenge for protein-rich treasures.
We pass through camp as the smell of smoldering cedar fills the air. Bald eagles and osprey call overhead, announcing their presence as we load up canoes and ride the tide up the estuary. Pink salmon jump alongside us, Common Merganser chicks follow closely behind their mothers, and Belted Kingfishers dive for meals with impeccable precision.
The vast meadows we arrive at are an Indigenous farmland, filled with nutritious carbohydrates carefully tended for millennia. Springbank clover, silverweed, Northern rice root and numerous species of sedges intertwine throughout this edible botanical garden. Once again the bears had a similar plan. Their sign is everywhere, from scat to the countless digging pits where they had been uprooting nutritious tubers also sought by local people. There is a timeless feeling when you explore Koeye. It is a perfect representation of the real "Great Bear Rainforest". Not a "pristine" landscape untouched by humans, but an ecosystem and peoples who have co-evolved together over the course of deep time, and continue to do so.
The Teachings
When we lead "Science Week" at camp, we do so under the protocols and guidance of local Knowledge Holders. We share the knowledge we have gained from working on research projects on this part of the coast, from marine food webs, to wolves and coastal bears.
Resident educators such as Rory, William and Jessie Housty share their knowledge of plants, animals, songs, dances, and traditions. Each night campers file into the Big House to practice singing, drumming, and to learn language in preparations for the feast on the final day. The knowledge campers learn will stick with them throughout their lives. Upon returning to life in their home communities, they share the experiences they have gained, and the wider web of influence grows. It is this fluid integration of hands-on learning ingrained in the culture, ecology, and people that makes Kvai so special. A place where kids can be kids, learning in the most natural way possible.
Beyond the knowledge that is bestowed upon campers from people, it is the land and sea that teach the most valuable lessons. A week immersed in nature sheds the technological shackles of modern life, and allows the youth (and indeed, us!) to connect at a deeper, more meaningful level with each other and the environment.
As we weigh anchor after the final day of camp, we do so with deep gratitude for what we have just experienced. For Maureen Vo and me, we have once again seen an incredible example of what we are now striving to create further south on the coast with Raincoast's Salish Sea Emerging Stewards (SSES) program. Despite working with an older age cohort, the core of this program is the concept of consilience and the same informative, inspirational and connective experience that Kvai campers receive.
By engaging with local Indigenous Knowledge Holders, scientists, resource managers, mariners, and conservationists, we aim to create a holistic program that complements the hard work of local people to mentor the next generation of stewards in the Salish Sea. Preparing for this season's SSES program we continue to engage a wider and more diverse audience. This year's program will also see our first Junior Leaders – youth from past programs – directly demonstrate leadership as they join as crew on Achiever. We look forward to sharing more about our program as the season unfolds.
Indigenous groups around the world are looking to Qqs as a model of how to heal the wounds of the past, and move forward honoring tradition and embracing the future. We at Raincoast are grateful beyond words for the experiences, knowledge and relationships we have received working alongside Qqs for the past two decades. I'm as keen as ever to share our own learning and lessons with youth here in my backyard, the Salish Sea.
Until next time,
Ǧiáxsix̌a, Giànakci, and Thank you!
Nathaniel Glickman, Education Associate
Nathaniel Glickman on WSANEC territory at the Raincoast office.
Nathaniel is an essential part of the Marine Operations program and a co-coordinator of the Salish Sea Emerging Stewards (SSES) program. You can find Nathaniel on Achiever, in the surf and hiking the coast.


text:
E. Syriani, R. Bill, M. Wimmer: Domain-Specific Model Distance Measures, 12th International Conference on Model Transformations (ICMT 2019), Eindhoven, The Netherlands, July 15-19, 2019 pdf.
A lot of research was invested in the last decade to develop differencing methods to identify the changes performed between two modelversions. Typically, these changes are captured in an explicit difference model. However, less attention was paid to quantifying the distance between model versions. While different versions of a model mayhave the same amount of differences, their distance to the base model may be drastically different. Therefore, we present distance metrics formodels. We provide a method to automatically generate tool support for computing domain-specific distance measures. We show the benefits of distance measures over model differences in the use case of searching for the explanation of model evolution in terms of domain-specific change operations. The results of our experiments show that using distance metrics outperforms common difference models techniques.pdf


text:
Long used in its simplest form in mathematics, functional iteration is an elegant way to represent repeated operations. The Wolfram Language's symbolic architecture makes powerful general forms of functional iteration immediately accessible.
NestList — successively nest a function:
Nest — give the result of nesting a function: etc.
NestGraph — give the graph of nesting a function
FoldList — successively fold in a list of values:
Fold — give the result of folding in a list of values: etc.
TakeWhile — take from a list while a condition is satisfied
LengthWhile — the length while a condition is satisfied


text:
The Hot Fuel Examination Facility (HFEF) is one of the largest hot cells dedicated to radioactive materials research at Idaho National Laboratory (INL). The nation's lead laboratory for nuclear energy research and development utilizes HFEF capabilities in researching radioactive materials development and characterization.
HFEF began operations in 1975, providing a two hot-cell complex and radiation-shielded rooms for handling irradiated reactor fuel and structural materials. HFEF hosted examinations providing data used to determine the performance of fuels and materials irradiated in EBR-II and other facilities. The facility performs transuranic (TRU) waste characterizations supporting the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) in New Mexico. Underneath the hot cells, HFEF's basement hosts the Neutron Radiography Reactor (NRAD), a reactor built for neutron radiography irradiation of small test components.
The facility provides shielding and containment for remote examination, processing and handling of highly radioactive TRU-bearing materials. Shielded cells, unshielded labs, support areas and special equipment for handling, examining and testing highly radioactive materials make HFEF an invaluable part of INL's nuclear infrastructure.
Modifications to the facility now allow for receipt of almost any over-the-road commercial shipping cask and partnering with the commercial industry to test used commercial Light Water Reactor nuclear fuel rods.
HFEF provides support to a variety of programs including, but not limited to, the nuclear fuel cycle research, Generation IV technologies and Space Nuclear programs. It includes non-destructive examination, such as dimensional measurements and neutron radiography, and destructive examination, such as mechanical testing or metallographic/ceramographic characterization.
Development at HFEF also supports pyroprocessing activities at the Fuel Conditioning Facility. Pyroprocessing, or pyrometallurgical treatment of spent nuclear fuel, is the principal alternative to aqueous reprocessing technology that is being developed under the nuclear fuel cycle research.
Significant projects performed in HFEF include:
- Examination of fuels and components for the Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor (LMFBR) and Integral Fast Reactor (IFR) programs.
- Preparation and post-test examination tests utilizing large test loops for irradiation in the Transient Reactor Test Facility (TREAT) and the Sodium Loop Safety Facility (SLSF).
- Examination of test assemblies and fuel rods irradiated in the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF). HFEF is the only large, inert atmosphere hot cell that is suitable for examination of chemically reactive materials.
Experimental Breeder Reactor-II/Transuranic Waste Characterization
Experimental Breeder Reactor-II (EBR-II) was one of the first liquid-metal-cooled fast breeder reactors to prove it could serve as an electric-power-generating plant operating on recycled fuel. Breeder reactors produce more fuel than they consume. EBR-II began generating power in August 1964 and was decommissioned in 1994.
HFEF still performs examinations on the fuels and materials irradiated in EBR-II, providing data to determine their quality of performance. The facility also performs TRU waste characterizations supporting WIPP in New Mexico.
The facility has two large, highly-shielded hot cells. The main cell, which is stainless steel-lined and gas tight, has 15 workstations, each with a 4-foot thick window of oil-filled, cerium-stabilized glass and a pair of remote manipulators. The decontamination cell has six similarly equipped workstations. Each cell is equipped with overhead cranes and overhead electromechanical manipulators. Cell exhaust passes through at least two stages of HEPA filtration.
Radioactive materials are introduced into the hot cells via a shielded cask on a transfer cart, which accesses the cells through an under-cell transfer tunnel. A penetration through the top of the main cell also allows the introduction of large components or fuel assemblies.
Neutron Radiography Reactor
NRAD is a 250 kW TRIGA reactor in the basement of HFEF. It is equipped with two beam tubes and two separate radiography stations that make it one of the finest facilities in the world for neutron radiography irradiation of small test components, a process not possible using conventional X-ray methods.


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Universal Services: Financial Assistance for Tribal Lands
Congress, the States, and the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) have expressed the importance of promoting universal service, i.e., ensuring that all households that want access to the telecommunications network are able to afford it. The Lifeline and Link Up programs, which directly benefit eligible low-income consumers, provide financial assistance to low-income telephone subscribers and ensure that low-income Americans can afford telephone service.
Enhanced benefits are provided to low-income consumers who live on a federally recognized Indian Tribe's reservation, pueblo, or colony; on a former reservation in Oklahoma; within an Indian allotment; or within an Alaska Native region established by the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act.
To learn more about the enhanced Lifeline and Link Up programs, see our consumer guide.
Reviewed: September 29, 2014
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Troubleshooting: IE6 defect interferes with screen refresh of dynamic select controls
If your application users acess Process Commander with Microsoft Internet Explorer Version 6.0 (IE6) and your application includes a Gradient filter in a style sheet, you will notice that scrolling the container window causes Dynamic Select controls (drop-down lists) to disappear.
When you click within the window at the locus of a particular Select control, the control reappears.
This is a known defect in IE6.The defect surfaces in applications using a customized CSS (referenced in a skin rule) in which a gradient filter has been enabled. The problem does not occur when you use the same CSS without a gradient filter applied, or the standard skins.
The problem is caused by style coding like this example:
filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Gradient(enabled='true',GradientType=0, startColorStr='_TAG_', endColorStr='#95A6C7')
The following screens illustrate the initial UI state and the disappearance and reappearance of Dynamic Select controls when focus changes between your scrolling and clicking interactions.
If you need to support IE6, do not use gradient filters when you customize the standard CSS.
If you need to use gradient filters in your customized CSS, upgrade to IE7. (Note that gradient features are a Microsoft extension to CSS, not supported by non-Microsoft browsers.)
For more information, refer to the Microsoft Developer Network (MSDN) article cited.


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Three-toed horses once roamed TIbetan plateaus, skeleton reveals
A newly discovered skeleton from an ancient three-toed horse not only provides information about ancient Tibetan wildlife, but it also sheds light on the habitat and elevation of Tibet nearly 5 million years ago.
This area of the world, called the Tibetan plateau, is the youngest and highest plateau on Earth, its average elevation exceeding 14,800 feet (4,500 meters), but researchers don't know exactly when this happened. Some researchers think that 5 million years ago, the plateau was once much higher than it is today, but others think it was much lower.
More data is needed to get a good grip on when the plateau rose up, and these researchers used the fossilized horse to shed some light on the debate.
"We have an extinct horse that apparently is adapted to grasslands, these open nonwooded areas," study researcher Xiaoming Wang, of the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, told LiveScience. "Therefore, in turn, it might have some implications about the environment that it came from." [High & Dry: Images of the Tibetan Plateau]
Details about the horse suggested that at the time it died, the Zanda Basin would have been about 13,000 feet (4,000 meters) above sea level, on par with the current elevation of that region of Tibet.
The fossilized horse bones were found in the Zanda Basin, in southwestern Tibet, near the Himalayas. The horse is about 4.6 million years old and seems to be from the three-toed horse genus Hipparion. The species was identified as Hipparion zanda, which was originally named based on a single skull found in the late 1980s.
The new find included a majority of the horses' bones, including its legs. By analyzing the legs, they were able to get a better grip on the environment it lived in, shedding light on the state of the plateau at that time.
"These guys have pretty long legs, well-adapted to open terrain [and] running fast; it means that these guys are probably not in the wooded areas," Wang said. "By being not in the wooded areas, basically the paper concludes that the areas where the horse originally lived was above the tree lines in those days."
In this way, the Zanda horse would have been quite similar to the Tibetan wild ass, except the Zanda horse had three toes instead of the wild ass's one.
The horse also had teeth characteristics of a grazer, the researchers said, further supporting the idea that the area was open grassland when the horse lived.
One of the researchers, Yang Wang of Florida State University, analyzed the chemicals contained within the fossils to get an idea of what kinds of grasses the horses ate. She was able to tell that these horses ate plants that were characteristic of a cold, open land similar to that seen in the Zanda Basin today.
"Those earlier horses have similar diet to the wild asses [currently] living in the area. They are grazing on grasses that are adapted to the cold," Wang said. "It's a high elevation environment, but exactly how high we don't know."
The researchers estimate that 4.6 million years ago, when these horses roamed the area, it was about 1,300 feet (400 m) higher than the modern tree line, and probably about the same elevation as it is today.
Source: Fox News
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ReZeitKon (German acronym for Time Rebound, Time Wealth and Sustainable Consumption) is an interand transdisciplinary research project funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF).
ReZeitKon is a joint project between TU Berlin (Division of Economic Education and Sustainable Consumption), Leuphana University Lüneburg (Institute for Environmental Communication) and the Fraunhofer Institute for System and Innovation Research ISI, Karlsruhe.
The project is accompanied by an advisory board including prominent representatives of relevant civil society institutions who have a longstanding expertise regarding the relationship between time and resource use with regard to work, education and consumption.
The concept of time wealth is explored in a variety of academic disciplines since the 1990s. Also in society, we can observe an increasing awareness towards the importance of time and time use for quality of life.
The way people deal with time has manifold consequences for society and environment. Time wealth and sufficiency are closely interrelated and can reinforce each other, whereas a lack of time might induce negative environmental implications, for example compensatory consumption.
So far, the literature defines time-rebound effects as additional use of natural resources due to free time, which result from the application of efficient technology and practices or the reduction of working hours. In parallel to such additional environmental effects, a more intensive use of time often also increases subjective perceptions of time pressure.
The objective of the ReZeitKon project is to empirically analyse the importance of time-rebound effects for sustainable consumption. In addition, we develop and evaluate measures that increase time wealth and at the same time reduce time-rebound effects.
Funded by:


How do I add a MIME type?
MIME type tells browser how to handle specific extension. Ex. If you are using the text/html mime type it equates to.htm,.html, and.shtml extensions on most servers, and this tells your browser to interpret all files with those extensions as HTML files.
To add a MIME type :
1. Login to your cpanel.
2. Check for Advanced option
3. Click on "MIME types"
4. Enter the MIME type you wish to add in the first field.
5. Enter the extension you wish to add in the second filed.
6. Click on the "Add" button.
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text:
Pump. This interactivity allows you to observe the
operation of the sodium/potassium pump and its role in maintaining the
balance of sodium and potassium inside and outside the neuron. (straight
To be able to function, the brain have a way of changing differences in
stimulation or thoughts into different patterns of firing in the brain.
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text:
While Apple has designed your iPhone to remain within safe temperatures when charging wirelessly, excessive heat can slow down your iPhone's charging speed or, worse, degrade its battery life. If your iPhone gets too hot on a wireless or MagSafe charger, follow the steps listed in this guide to prevent it from overheating.
Why does a Wireless or MagSafe charger heat up my iPhone?
Wireless chargers are fundamentally inefficient due to their reliance on inductive charging, leading to heat generation while charging. With the push for faster wireless charging speeds, Apple introduced MagSafe in 2020. This novel wireless charging solution used magnets to align the charging coils of an iPhone and MagSafe charger for faster charging speeds.
However, faster speeds require higher currents, causing heat to build up. Apple's MagSafe charger for iPhone takes a whopping 27 watts from the wall to provide an iPhone with just 15 watts of charging power. That's 3 watts of power released as heat.
Wireless and MagSafe chargers lacking an active fan for cooling will slowly warm up over time and, in turn, heat up your iPhone. This is why the iPhone 12 and 13 Mini are limited to 12W charging through MagSafe, as their small form factor has a reduced surface area for dissipating heat into the atmosphere.
Signs that your iPhone is overheating while Charging Wirelessly
Apple defined the maximum safe temperature for an iPhone to be 45º C. When charging an iPhone with a wireless charger or MagSafe, a warning message will be displayed stating that your iPhone needs to cool down if it exceeds this temperature. Once the temperature warning message is displayed, you cannot use your iPhone until it cools down.
However, you don't need to wait for this message to know if your iPhone is overheating. Look out for the following signs to see if wireless charging is heating your iPhone too much:
- Charging on hold notification: If your iPhone stops charging, check for the Charging on Hold notification if it runs iOS 16 or later.
- Degraded performance: Your iPhone feels sluggish with slow animations, and apps take too long to load or crash.
- Reduced charging speed: Your iPhone takes too long to charge or starts losing charge, even on a MagSafe or fast wireless charger.
- The display dims or goes black.
- The mobile signal becomes weaker: When an iPhone gets hot, the cellular radio's power is turned down, resulting in a weaker cell signal.
- Wireless charger disconnects: If present, the charging indicator light on your wireless charger changes color, blinking, or turns off.
How to stop an iPhone from getting hot on a MagSafe or Wireless charger: 10 Steps to Try out
Time needed: 10 minutes
Now that you've identified why your iPhone is overheating on a wireless or MagSafe charger, you can try the following steps to fix it. The fixes laid out are pretty straightforward and can be completed in minutes. Let us know in the comments below if you still face any issues, and we'll gladly provide any assistance.
- Check to see if the MagSafe or wireless charger itself is overheating.
There are several reasons why your wireless or MagSafe charger itself can be a source of excessive heat. Faulty components and cables, misaligned charging coils, and foreign objects are some of the few factors that can cause your iPhone to get too hot. Those with a wireless charger can consider following the tips listed in this guide to prevent it from overheating. We have a separate article for MagSafe users with appropriate steps for fixing heating-related issues.
- Make sure you are on the latest version of iOS.
If you suddenly noticed issues with your iPhone getting hot on wireless or MagSafe charging, it could be an issue with the current iOS build. Apple is generally quite fast in releasing updates that fix problems with overheating, so make sure to update to the latest versions. Open or Developer Beta builds have a higher chance of charging issues due to their unfinished nature.
- Take off the case from your iPhone while charging.
Cases can add to the gap between the charging coils on your iPhone and the wireless charger. A large gap can decrease the charging speed of a wireless charger and lead to greater heat being generated on your iPhone. MagSafe users can use a MagSafe-compatible case but must remove it if the heating issue is unresolved. Remove any MagSafe accessories like the Apple Wallet too.
- Do not charge your iPhone overnight on a wireless or MagSafe charger.
Although it may be the most convenient option to place near your bedstand, charging your iPhone on a wireless or MagSafe-compatible charging pad is a bad idea if it tends to get hot. Leaving an iPhone unsupervised overnight can cause it to get into a cycle where it first charges, gets too hot, stops charging, lose charge, and finally start charging again. As discussed below, leaving it overnight in this state can severely damage your iPhone's battery.
- Check for damage on your iPhone.
A cracked back glass or bent frame can impair the ability of your iPhone to charge from a wireless charger. Remove any attached cases to check for damage or bending.
- Avoid using performance-intensive apps and games.
Running heavy applications in your iPhone on a wireless charger is not a good idea, as it can push the SoC inside, releasing excessive amounts of heat. Although MagSafe makes it possible to play games while charging wirelessly, it is not recommended, as overheating can leave you with a laggy and crash-prone gaming experience.
- Do not take long calls and download large files over the mobile network while charging wirelessly.
Performing tasks that use your iPhone's cellular radio can cause it to get warm while charging wirelessly, especially with the 5G antennas found in the latest iPhones. Charge your device beforehand or resort to wired charging if you want to go on a long call or download a large file over the mobile network.
- Charge your iPhone in a cooler environment.
Placing your wireless charger in warm environments is sufficient to heat up an iPhone charging on it. Some examples include the interior of a car in direct sunlight or your laptop's exhaust.
- Consider purchasing a new wireless or MagSafe charger
If none of the steps listed above don't resolve your iPhone's issue, consider replacing your wireless charger. If you have a spare lying around, make sure to test out your iPhone on it.
A common cause of overheating lies in the inability of the wireless charger to dispel heat effectively away from your iPhone. Investing in a wireless charger with an active cooling fan can help prevent heat from building up in your iPhone.
- Take it in for service.
If your iPhone still exhibits symptoms of overheating, then there could be an underlying issue that needs to be investigated. Take your iPhone to a nearby service center along with the wireless charger you use to get them checked out by a technician.
Will an iPhone Heating up on a Wireless Charger or MagSafe be damaged?
Maintaining an iPhone at elevated temperatures for an extended time can adversely affect components like the battery.
Exposure to excessive heat can degrade a battery in two ways: capacity fade and power fade. Capacity fade causes the battery to lose its charge capacity over time, causing your phone to run out of charge quickly. Power fade reduces the power supplied by your iPhone battery, causing it to crash or shut down intermittently.
You can check the battery health of your iPhone by going to Settings > Battery> Battery Health & Charging. The Maximum Capacity gives information on the capacity fade, while Peak Performance Capacity lets you know if excessive power fade exists.
If the Maximum capacity is below 80% or the Peak Performance Capacity section indicates that Performance Management is being applied, your battery may have been affected by getting too hot during wireless charging. We recommend replacing your iPhone's battery at this stage.
We hope this guide resolved any overheating issues while charging an iPhone on a wireless charger. If you found this guide helpful, feel free to share it. Let us know in the comments section below if you still face issues, and we will try our best to resolve them promptly.


Genealogy Friday: 9 Reasons to Check Out Printed Family Histories
Printed family histories are a great place to start when you're stuck.
Many families have printed their family histories over the years. Some provide more detail and sources than others.
However, these can be a great resource. They may even help you to break a brick wall.
So why use printed family histories:51rgmhJO6uL._SX258_BO1,204,203,200_
 1. Family stories you may have never heard before
 2. For cluster genealogy
 3. To find missing relatives
 4. To go back farther in your line
 5. To discover what other researchers have done. Double check their sources, but this can save you a lot of time.
 6. To discover sources you never knew were available
 7. For family pictures you've never seen
 8. To discover the history of the family or clan
 9. To connect with other researchers on this line
How have printed family histories helped your genealogical journey?
Click here for my articles on the Positives and Negatives of Printed Family Histories


text:
- 1 English
- 2 Afrikaans
- 3 Dutch
- 4 Maltese
- 5 Old English
From Middle English belt, from Old English belt ("belt, girdle"), from Proto-Germanic *baltijaz ("girdle, belt"), from Latin balteus ("belt, sword-belt"), of Etruscan origin. Cognate with Scots belt ("belt"), Dutch belt, German Balz ("belt"), Danish bælte ("belt"), Swedish bälte ("belt, cincture, girdle, zone") and Icelandic belti ("belt").
belt (plural belts)
- A band worn around the waist to hold clothing to one's body (usually pants), hold weapons (such as a gun or sword), or serve as a decorative piece of clothing.
- As part of the act, the fat clown's belt broke, causing his pants to fall down.
- A band used as a restraint for safety purposes, such as a seat belt.
- Keep your belt fastened; this is going to be quite a bumpy ride.
- A band that is used in a machine to help transfer motion or power.
- The motor had a single belt that snaked its way back and forth around a variety of wheels.
- Anything that resembles a belt, or that encircles or crosses like a belt; a strip or stripe.
- a belt of trees; a belt of sand
- A trophy in the shape of a belt, generally awarded for martial arts.
- the heavyweight belt
- (astronomy) A collection of rocky-constituted bodies (such as asteroids) which orbit a star.
- (astronomy) One of certain girdles or zones on the surface of the planets Jupiter and Saturn, supposed to be of the nature of clouds.
- A powerful blow, often made with a fist or heavy object.
- After the bouncer gave him a solid belt to the gut, Simon had suddenly had enough of barfighting.
- A quick drink of liquor.
- Care to join me in a belt of scotch?
- (usually capitalized) A geographical region known for a particular product, feature or demographic (Corn Belt, Bible Belt, Black Belt, Green Belt).
- (baseball) The part of the strike zone at the height of the batter's waist.
- That umpire called that pitch a strike at the belt.
- (weaponry) device that holds and feeds cartridges into a belt-fed weapon
- (band worn around waist): girdle, waistband, sash, strap
- (band used as safety restraint): restraint, safety belt, seat belt
- (powerful blow): blow, punch, sock, wallop
- (quick drink of liquor): dram, nip
- → Afrikaans: belt
- → Assamese: বেল্ট (belto)
- → Bengali: বেল্ট (belṭ)
- → Dutch: belt
- → Hindi: बेल्ट (belṭ)
- → Irish: beilt
- → Japanese: ベルト (beruto)
- → Oriya: ବେଲ୍ଟ୍ (belṭ)
- → Urdu: بیلٹ (belṭ)
- → Welsh: belt
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.
- (transitive) To encircle.
- The small town was belted by cornfields in all directions.
- (transitive) To fasten a belt on.
- Edgar belted himself in and turned the car's ignition.
- The rotund man had difficulty belting his pants, and generally wore suspenders to avoid the issue.
- (transitive) To invest (a person) with a belt as part of a formal ceremony such as knighthood.
- (transitive) To hit with a belt.
- The child was misbehaving so he was belted as punishment.
- (transitive) To scream or sing in a loud manner.
- He belted out the national anthem.
- (transitive) To drink quickly, often in gulps.
- He belted down a shot of whisky.
- (transitive, slang) To hit someone or something.
- The angry player belted the official across the face, and as a result was ejected from the game.
- (transitive, baseball) To hit a pitched ball a long distance, usually for a home run.
- He belted that pitch over the grandstand.
- (intransitive) To move very fast
- He was really belting along.
- (to encircle): circle, girdle, surround
- (to fasten a belt): buckle, fasten, strap
- (to hit with a belt): strap, whip
- (to drink quickly): gulp, pound, slurp
- (to hit someone or something): bash, clobber, smack, wallop
- (to move quickly): book, speed, whiz, zoom
A variant of bult.
See the etymology of the main entry.
- secondand third-person singular present indicative of bellen
- (archaic) plural imperative of bellen
belt f (plural bliet)
belt m (nominative plural beltas)


text:
Symantec detects ransomware variants created directly on mobile devices
Symantec has discovered new variants of Android.Lockscreen (ransomware) that are using pseudorandom passcodes to prevent victims from unlocking devices without paying the ransom.
In a recent blog post, Dinesh Venkatesan a principal analyst at Symantec, highlighted the fact that previous versions of these threats locked the screen and used a hardcoded passcode.
However, Symantec analysts have been able to reverse engineer the code to provide victims a way to unlock their devices.
Venkatesan also says the attackers have combined a custom lockscreen with the device's lockscreen to create an additional hurdle for those infected.
"Symantec has seen several variants of a known ransomware family that were developed on Android devices using the Android integrated development environment," he writes.
"However, the ability to create malware on mobile devices may open up new avenues in the future creation of malware."
As the techniques used to create new ransomware threats on mobile devices are relatively new, the principal analyst adds that a bit of explanation is in order.
"These ransomware threats were created using the rapid application development (RAD) model of software development. This method is typically used for software that requires rapid prototyping and is driven by user interface requirements," he says.
"This is a particularly suitable way to develop mobile applications because of their reliance on a strong graphical user interface (GUI)."
According to Venkatesan, RAD utilises GUI builders that can make it easier to build applications because of their drag-and-drop wizard functionality, which can be used to build the interface and app.
"Integrated development environments (IDEs), another integral part of the RAD model, help developers to rapidly build an application by automatically generating boiler-plate code," he explains.
"These functions make it easier for developers, and in this case, attackers, to rapidly create software without worrying too much about planning and design."
In order to actually develop ransomware on mobile devices, Venkatesan explains that the tools required to build Android apps are computer-based software.
"That means, in order to use them to build Android apps, the developer will need a computer, which is the most common practice when it comes to app development. In this specific case, attackers have used an IDE to design, build, implement, modify, and sign variants of Android.Lockdroid.E directly on mobile devices," he explains.
"Manipulating the existing code to create newer variants with different configurations is nothing new from a traditional malware development practice."
However, Venkatesan adds that the adoption of RAD methodology shows how attackers are attempting to find quicker, more flexible ways to create malware.
To protect against these threats, Symantec recommends the people at risk keep their software and operating systems up to date, don't install apps from unfamiliar sources, back up their devices and install a suitable mobile security app.


text: Extraction of map objects such roads, rivers and buildings from high resolution satellite imagery is an important task in many civilian and military applications. We present a semi-automatic approach for road detection that achieves high accuracy and efficiency. This method exploits the properties of road segments to develop customized operators to accurately derive the road segments. The customized operators include directional morphological enhancement, directional segmentation and thinning. We have systematically evaluated the algorithm on a variety of images from IKONOS, QuickBird, CARTOSAT-2A satellites and carefully compared it with the techniques presented in literature. The results demonstrate that the algorithm proposed is both accurate and efficient.


text:
" The Sloan Consortium (Sloan-C) initiative that came to the aid of the 2005 hurricane-affected higher education students — called the "Sloan Semester" — is an excellent case in point to understand how higher education can possibly react to disaster in the future. By taking a close look at what actually happened during the Sloan Semester, and at the lessons learned, the higher education distance learning community can gain insight into the necessary steps to take in order to keep students actively engaged in their educational pursuits when and if the next disaster hits.
From an historical perspective concerning higher education disaster preparedness plans, in general, Ray Schroeder, director of the Office of Technology-Enhanced Learning at the University of Illinois at Springfield, and an active member of Sloan-C, had created a disaster preparedness plan for the University of Illinois system in 2004. In that plan, Schroeder noted that a disasterrelated business-continuation plan with distance education components was not without precedent. In 2003, for instance, the University of Hong Kong shifted to distance learning solutions to keep its university community active when the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome epidemic temporarily closed it down."
From the Sloan Semester Special Report (PDF) by Sloan-C.
- Sloan Semester Archives
- Press Release – Free Online College Courses for Students Displaced by Hurricane Katrina
- Press Release – A Thousand Free Online Courses Now Available for Students Whose Studies Have Been Interrupted by Hurricane Katrina
- Press Release – Online Learning in an Emergency: Delivering the Curriculum When the Campus Is Closed


text:
An Analysis of the Classic Arctic Outbreak Event of Late December 2008-Early January 2009
By Christian M. Cassell
Stratospheric Role |
The 2008-2009 winter was characterized by colder than normal temperatures and above normal snowfall for each month from October through March. While there was no one significant snow event that overshadowed any other this past winter, a bitterly cold Arctic outbreak that persisted for more than two weeks brought the coldest temperatures in a decade to the Anchorage area, and grabbed headlines around the world for extreme cold in interior parts of the state. This analysis will show how the outbreak developed and how it was able to persist for a prolonged period of time.
*-Indicates a record low value for that particular date.
1. Summary of temperatures and records from the outbreak
The following chart is a breakdown of temperatures and extremes at Anchorage during the two week Arctic outbreak.
**-Indicates tying or setting of the lowest temperature of this decade (2000-2009).
Though it is arbitrary as to when the outbreak began and ended based on the numbers, the temperature at Anchorage dropped below zero degrees during the evening hours of December 29th, and remained below zero until January 8th except for a one-hour period during the afternoon of January 5th when the temperature managed to make it to 0.4 degrees briefly during the mid afternoon hours. This represented the longest streak of sub-zero days since 30 January. 5 February 1999.
Additionally, the eleven-day streak (29 Dec. 8 Jan) with the minimum temperature falling to
-10 degrees or lower from the official reporting station at the National Weather Service office on Sand Lake Road was the longest such streak since 17-29 December 1961. Therefore, while there were no record low minimum temperature values set at the official temperature station in Anchorage, the duration of the cold in terms of minimum temperatures at or below -10 degrees was the longest such stretch in 47 years.
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Stratospheric Role |