text:
Handbag technology and method
Handbag technology and method
Section 1: Analysis of the overall structure of handbags
In terms of market conditions, the handbags we see are complex and varied, and formally. If you analyze them comprehensively, it is not difficult to find that most handbags have such a structural commonality: there are front, back, and Tai Wai; left, right, and Tai Wai; front, back, and bottom materials. It consists of three basic components. For some handbags, the front panel is composed of a few pieces of different poses and flowery materials. The front panel is also equipped with a flat or three-dimensional front outer bag; the rear panel is also installed; the big Wai is divided into a bottom and a zipper. Two symmetrical side bags are installed on both sides of Da Wai. According to the consumer's use, the top three basic components are increased or decreased, so that the overall shape of the handbag changes and is complicated.
However, no matter how complicated the handbags we encounter, it is hard to stop us out of the ordinary. Complex handbags only increase our exceptional workload, but not the technical difficulty of our exceptional. Changes in the shape of handbags, it is difficult to overcome the commonality in the structure of handbags, as long as we can clearly see the structure of handbags, it provides us with the conditions for exceptional.
The structural commonality of handbags is abstracted by inductive summarization after viewing many handbags with naked eyes. If you are a wise man, you will also find that the structure of the handbag also has rules that are invisible to the naked eye. The perimeter of the width is equal to the total length of the corresponding circumference; the perimeter of the bottom material is the same as the connecting element. Are equal in length.
If any set of paper grids violates the above rules, it cannot be used as a bag. As for the structure of the handbags, we will choose a large number of handbags according to the type of handbags, which will be discussed in the internship class.
Section II. Shape analysis of handbag components
The shape of the handbag component (hereinafter referred to as the component of the handle component) is rectangular, square, triangular, trapezoidal, prismatic, circular, elliptic, or regular polygonal. These are what we call regular shapes; there are also convex and concave shapes. A mixture of several shapes, and other shapes that are difficult to name, are called irregular shapes. In order to determine the shape of regular components, or to connect with mathematical knowledge. Rectangular, you only need to measure the length and width to get its shape; the square is shaped by the length of the side; the trapezoid is shaped by the upper, lower bottom and height; the prism is shaped by two diagonal lines; the perfect circle is shaped by diameter or radius; the ellipse is Large and small diameter setting. For those irregular figures, the fourth section of Chapter 4 has already been described. The coordinates can be legally shaped. Although the shape of the handbag component is diverse, it has the following characteristics:
1. All are flat graphics.
2. Mostly axisymmetric figures.
What is an axisymmetric figure?
Fold a figure along a straight line, if it can coincide with the other half of the figure, then this figure is called an axisymmetric figure, and this line is called the axis of symmetry. Because the shapes of handbag components are mostly axisymmetric figures, when we draw out the paper grid, we only need to half out the shape of the component, and the other half can be drawn out by folding in half along the axis of symmetry. This saves us a lot of work and time for the paper grid.
Section three, out of order
The order of the handbags is: first out of the main case (also called the positive case), then out of the second case (out of the secondary case). What is a nobility? The paper grid that can determine the shape or size of other paper grids is called the main grid. What is sub-frame? The paper shape whose size or shape depends on other paper shapes.
The combination of several sub-cells, either shape or length, has a certain relationship with the shape or size of the main cell. In general handbags, the width is the main grid and the circumference is the secondary grid; the back width is the main grid of the front pocket; the front pocket is the main grid of the front pocket; the side pocket is the main grid of the side pocket. Therefore, the general order of handbags is arranged as follows: back width, front width, large bottom zipper circumference, front pocket width, front pocket circumference, side pocket width and side pocket circumference. The order in which handbags are out of order is precisely determined by the rules of the handbag structure mentioned in the first section of this chapter.
Section 4: Outliers
The outsourcing method is the comprehensive use of all the above knowledge (in this example, first out of the main case and then the width).
1. The first piece of paper (the piece of paper is marked with a knife) and the next piece of paper that is larger than the length and width of the latter.
2. In the center of the paper, a straight line is used as a number axis (can not be interrupted, you can fold it in half), fold it in half, and then just above the number axis, make a roar with an iron foot of the garden gauge, and then introduce a straight line (not possible (Interruption) as the second number axis, so that two number axes perpendicular to each other appear on the paper.
3. Fold in half along the second number axis and roar on the first axis. If the roar position is also on the axis of the other half of the folding surface, the coordinate system is qualified. This piece of paper can be used to inherit the grid, such as the divergence of the coordinate system., This piece of paper can be removed (vertical inspection of coordinate system).
4. Measure the surface length and width of the back panel of the handbag, and take half of it and add the length of the paper mouth as coordinates. The surface of the web is long as measured.
5. In the coordinate system, find the point with (129/16, 107/16) as the coordinate, and roar through the half-coordinate axis to find the point (-129/16, 107/16) (-129/16, -107/16) (129/16, -107/16) There are three points. After removing the excess paper along these points, a rectangular shape with a back width of (129/16)× (107/16×2) or 251/8×211/8 is obtained. This specification of SG is compared with its surface specification of 24T/2×201/4, and the length and width are each 5/8 more, that is, the length of the two paper ports. If the four corners of the back panel are curved, you can use a compass to find out its arc. Any other shape can be solved by the coordinate method.
Sixth, according to the shape of the back panel, according to the triangle gap and roaring position of the handbag, write all the text marks on the back panel, and the end of the back panel will be announced.
Seven, use the main form and then come out of the front of the second form and Tai Wai.
Many front panels are a combination of several pieces of material, and the shape and size of the rear panel are the same. Therefore, the rear width can be used to mold the shape of the front width combined material, but its structural law is: the rear width perimeter = the total circumference of the large circle. Once the rear width is determined, the total width of the large circle should be measured using the rear width. The width of the Dawei can only be determined by measuring the handbag. The total length of the Dawei = bottom circumference + zipper circumference; bottom width = zipper circumference × 2. In this way, the paper grid is measured with the paper grid according to the order of the grids, and the shape of each paper grid is drawn out, and the various marks of the paper grid are marked until the paper grid is finished.
The handbag is three-dimensional, and the components can't be taken down to touch the paper grid. The good paper grid can be picked up and compared with the original one, but it is in the paper outlet than the surface of the corresponding handbag component. In order to compare the two with each other, we can first compare the size of the surface component of the handbag, and compare the edge with the surface component of the handbag, until the shape and size are the same as the surface shape of the component, then use a paper mouth length as the unit. The compass to enlarge the paper grid, this method of making the grid, is more practical and easily accepted.


AADV Meaning in Military - What does AADV mean?
The meaning of AADV is Acquisition Aid Vehicle and other meanings are located at the bottom which take place within Military terminology and AADV has 1 different meaning. All meanings which belong to AADV abbreviation are take part only within Military terminology and other meanings are not found. If you want to see other meanings, please click the AADV meaning link. Thus, you will be directed to page which indicates all meanings of AADV.
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AADV Meaning in Military
 1. Acquisition Aid VehicleMilitary
Please also find AADV meaning for Military in other sources.
What does AADV stand for Military?
We have compiled queries on search engines about AADV acronym and we gave place them in our website by selecting the most frequently asked questions. We think you asked a similar question to the search engine to find meaning of the AADV abbreviation and we are sure the following list will take your attention.
 1. What does AADV meaning stand for Military?
 AADV meaning stands for Acquisition Aid Vehicle.
 2. What is the meaning of AADV abbreviation in Military?
 The meaning of AADV abbreviation is 'Acquisition Aid Vehicle' in Military.
 3. What is AADV definition?
 AADV definition is "Acquisition Aid Vehicle".
 4. What does AADV mean in Military?
 AADV mean that "Acquisition Aid Vehicle" for Military.
 5. What is AADV acronym?
 AADV acronym is "Acquisition Aid Vehicle".
 6. What is shorthand of Acquisition Aid Vehicle?
 The shorthand of "Acquisition Aid Vehicle" is AADV.
 7. What is the definition of AADV acronym in Military?
 Definitions of AADV shorthand is "Acquisition Aid Vehicle".
 8. What is the full form of AADV abbreviation?
 Full form of AADV abbreviation is "Acquisition Aid Vehicle".
 9. What is the full meaning of AADV in Military?
 Full meaning of AADV is "Acquisition Aid Vehicle".
 10. What is the explanation for AADV in Military?
 Explanation for AADV is "Acquisition Aid Vehicle".
What is the meaning of AADV Abbreviation in Astrology?
We did not give any place only meanings of AADV definitions. Yes, we know that your main purpose is the explanation of AADV abbreviation. However, we thought, you can consider the astrological information of AADV acronym in Astrology. Therefore, astrologic description of each word are available at the bottom.
AADV Abbreviation in Astrology
 - AADV (letter A)
 - AADV (letter D)
 - AADV (letter V)


I have inherited a database developed in Microsoft Access that contains 1985 columns in 85 tables. To import this into Django, I tried the existing inspectdb tool, but I found numerous bugs that would be too time-consuming to fix manually. I have refactored the inspectdb tool to do a better job of importing. Aside from better ensuring that output is syntactically valid, the tool now constructs object-oriented structure which is then post-processed and serialized, rather than serializing on-the-fly. This approach makes it easier to procedurally rename models, and to include heuristics to fix up semantic problems with the models. model class names are sanitized and converted to CamelCase model field names are sanitized and converted to lowercase_with_underscores db_column is always specified: this allows refactoring of field names in the generated code no comment is issued where field names differ from database column names. This should now be assumed for all fields but the use of db_column makes this explicit AutoFields are always explicit: again, this is useful when refactoring blank lines are added in the output, so that fields definitions are visually grouped into keys, relations and other fields write a warning comment if no primary_key is detected, as such models cannot be used with Django I've added the following heuristics. These heuristics are not guaranteed to produce the right results, but they should produce the right results more often than if they were not included. For very large database schemas this is very important. heuristically detect field names that are potentially keys but not defined as such, grouping these too (this is safe) if no primary key is set, heuristically choose a candidate field if one matches the name of the model (this is unsafe but a warning comment is issued; besides, the alternative cannot work) heuristically, upgrade IntegerFields with primary_key=True to AutoField if there is none (this is unsafe. A warning comment is issued.) This tool still does not guarantee to resolve conflicts between field or model names (a very insidious issue should it occur), although the refactor was designed partly this this goal in mind. Results #6363: Bug with has_permission method of AdminSite class. Fri, 11 Jan 2008 19:15:42 GMT michelts I found a bug when using the has_permission method of the AdminSite class to filter which users can access the admin page: class SuperuserAdminSite(admin.AdminSite): def has_permission(self, request): return super(SuperuserAdminSite, self).has_permission(request) and request.user.is_superuser admin_site = SuperuserAdminSite() When I try to log on a user that is not a superuser, it already get the login but stay on the login page (with the header but no application loaded), I think this is a bug :) The user should get a error message as if it passed a wrong password or such, isn't it? Results #6376: Please don't force the usage of the 'django' gettext domain Mon, 14 Jan 2008 13:59:11 GMT dennis@… I'm using django as a library in my non-web-based application. As such I prefer not to use the 'django' gettext domain but my own. I currently work around it with some symlinking trickery since being compatible with upstream django is more important than not having workarounds, but it would be great if django supported this. To illustrate what I mean, I've attached a simple and untested patch against current svn (rev 7020). Results #6517: dbshell does not get charset from database_options Thu, 31 Jan 2008 08:42:34 GMT tvrg I noticed that dbshell doesn't respect the database_options. I ran into an issue with an application we are creating that needs to support mysql and postgre at least, we execute some sql scripts that get piped to dbshell (to avoid hardcoding psql -U xxx or mysql -u xxx and creating 2 scripts every time). When running an utf8 database with utf8 as our charset in database_options, we ran into some weird encoding issues. The solution for us was to learn mysql/ to respect the encoding settings in Are you opposed to something like this? Attaching small patch that fixes our problem. Let me know if it needs extending to support other backends or database_options. Results #6933: You cannot search with spaces if search_fields is declared with "^" Mon, 31 Mar 2008 21:52:58 GMT Martín Conte Mac Donell That is. When search_fields is declared to "starts with" you cannot perform queries with spaces. File contrib/admin/views/; Line 326: for bit in self.query.split(): or_queries = [models.Q(**{construct_search(field_name): bit}) for field_name in self.search_fields] other_qs = QuerySet(self.model) (...) qs = qs & other_qs So, if for example i'm looking for "Hey dud" query will be: qs.filter(field__startswith="Hey") & qs.filter(field__startswith("dud")) Results #7028: Better raw_id_fields feedback in newform-admins branch Wed, 16 Apr 2008 00:07:22 GMT Marcob When you select an item for a raw-id-fields, the description of the id showes up only after saving current record. This is a major drawback for the user when id isn't a slug or a "self speaking" id. This little patch solve the problem showing the description immediately after user chooses the item in the raw id popup window. Results #7361: newforms-admin delete page gives you no way out! Wed, 04 Jun 2008 14:17:41 GMT simon It's just been pointed out to me that when you hit "Delete" in the Django admin you get a "Are you sure?" page with only one button: "Yes, I'm sure". There's no alternative "no, get me out of here" option. Apparently some people may find this upsetting :) This problem is particularly important for delete pages with lots of related items and hence a massive list of things that will be deleted. The huge list makes the page enormously more frightening, and by the time the user has scrolled down to the button at the bottom they can no longer see the top navigation with safe links to other parts of the interface. Results #7377: "extends" and "block" tags are not available when constructing template from scratch Thu, 05 Jun 2008 21:51:14 GMT mgeorge@… with a fresh svn chekcout, made a new project, and run:./ shell In [1]: from django.template import Template, Context In [2]: t = Template('''{% block title %}Hello{% end block %}''') --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TemplateSyntaxError Traceback (most recent call last) /Users/mattgeorge/django-code/gapp/<ipython console> in <module>() /Library/Python/2.5/site-packages/django/template/ in __init__(self, template_string, origin, name) 164 if settings.TEMPLATE_DEBUG and origin is None: 165 origin = StringOrigin(template_string) --> 166 self.nodelist = compile_string(template_string, origin) 167 = name 168 /Library/Python/2.5/site-packages/django/template/ in compile_string(template_string, origin) 185 lexer = lexer_class(template_string, origin) 186 parser = parser_class(lexer.tokenize()) --> 187 return parser.parse() 188 189 class Token(object): /Library/Python/2.5/site-packages/django/template/ in parse(self, parse_until) 267 compile_func = self.tags[command] 268 except KeyError: --> 269 self.invalid_block_tag(token, command) 270 try: 271 compiled_result = compile_func(self, token) /Library/Python/2.5/site-packages/django/template/ in invalid_block_tag(self, token, command) 319 320 def invalid_block_tag(self, token, command): --> 321 raise self.error(token, "Invalid block tag: '%s'" % command) 322 323 def unclosed_block_tag(self, parse_until): TemplateSyntaxError: Invalid block tag: 'block' however, this works:


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District Judges undertake most of the civil work of the courts, and fall into two catagories: those that sit in the County Courts (and were previously known as County Court Registrars), and those that sit in the Magistrates' Courts (and were previously known as Stipendiary Magistrates). The senior District Judge is also known as the Chief Magistrate.
How to Address a District Judge
The recommended judicial and social styles of address are as follows:
|Beginning of letter||Dear Judge or Dear Sir/Madam
|End of letter||Yours faithfully|
||District Judge Phllips
|Envelope (if a knight)||District Judge Sir John Phillips (formal)|
|Envelope (if a Dame)||District Judge Dame Elizabeth Phllips (formal)|
|Envelope (social)||District Judge Phllips|
|Verbal address (on the Bench)||Sir/Madam|
|Verbal address (social)||Judge Phllips or according to title
On retirement, District Judges are not referred to by any
judicial title and revert to Mr, Mrs, Mrs or Ms.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Big City Mountaineers transforms the lives of under-served youth through wilderness mentoring expeditions that instill critical life skills. We partner with community-based youth organizations and caring adult volunteers who act as mentors in the field to help young people realize their potential. Our curriculum improves self-esteem, responsibility, decision-making abilities and communication skills in close to 1,000 youth annually. BCM has a proven track record of improving young peoples' lives with:
- Increased likeliness to stay in school
- Reduction in violence
- Reduction in drug use
In addition to adult mentors who donate a week of their lives to improve the future of the youth we serve, we also rely on the support of our Summit for Someone climbers. Without the dozens of courageous volunteers who sign up for Summit For Someone each year, BCM would cease to exist. Our SFS climbers take on two formidable commitments: mentally and physically preparing to climb one of North America's most challenging peaks, and raising thousands of dollars. All to help improve the lives of kids they might never meet.
The team at Big City Mountaineers would like to thank all our colleagues in this endeavor: our volunteers, climbers and donors. Together we will continue impacting lives and delivering transformative wilderness mentoring experiences. Big City Mountaineers operates under special use permits from the USDA Forest Service and National Park Service, Big City Mountaineers is an equal opportunity service provider and employer.
The core Big City Mountaineers program is a week-long wilderness mentoring expedition where youth are given the opportunity to experience the beauty and challenges of the wilderness alongside supportive adult mentors. What had begun as a simple backpacking trip with at-risk teen 25 years ago has now evolved into a documented and well-tested progression of experiences coupled with opportunities for reflection and learning.
BCM Weeklong Expeditions:
- Provide wilderness mentoring opportunities to under-resourced youth ages 13 to 18.
- Cultivate relationships between youth and caring adult mentors.
- Offer a unique 1-to-1 ratio of adults to youth.
- Improve teen self-awareness and personal responsibility.
- Promote group development and effective communication.
- Partner with existing youth development agencies to better address the ongoing needs of under-resourced youth.
- Deliver safe wilderness expeditions led by professional field instructors.
WHO they SERVE:
- 50% are from single parent or guardian-led households;
- 83% are from families living below the poverty line;
- 10% have experienced homelessness
- 14% have experienced violence at school

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Convertize Autopilot is a responsive Multi-Armed Bandit solution, so you can automate your A/B Tests and receive maximum conversions.
Put your A/B tests on Autopilot
You can now test your website without risking conversions. Convertize manages your traffic with an advanced 'Multi-Armed Bandit' algorithm, called Autopilot. The algorithm monitors your pages to see which is converting best and sends more of your traffic to that page.
- Maximise conversions whilst running A/B tests
- Respond instantly to behaviour trends
- Never miss a conversion
Traditional "Multi-Armed Bandits" direct traffic to the page with the highest conversion rate. But what if something changes? Responding much faster than other tools, Convertize always sends your traffic in the right direction.
Create, Launch, Relax
Because Autopilot maximises your conversions and collects data as efficiently as possible, there is no need to manage your test. Whilst your team is busy producing content and managing campaigns, our A/B testing algorithm ensures your tests get results quickly and safely.
- Use historical data to optimize conversions
- Respond to patterns in visitor behaviour
- Create tests with peace of mind
Most A/B testing tools struggle to balance experimentation and optimization. Convertize solves the 'Explore vs Exploit' dilemma with a responsive A/B testing algorithm.
Why the Autopilot is better than Multi-Armed Bandit algorithm
Most A/B testing solutions divide your traffic 50/50 between page A and B. But testing can take weeks and you need to make every visitor count. Multi-Armed Bandit solutions allocate traffic between page A and B based on historical Conversion Rate data. Autopilot offers a more dynamic approach:
- Phase 1 – Page A performs best – Autopilot gradually increases traffic to A
- Phase 2 – Page B begins to convert more frequently – Traffic is quickly reallocated
- Phase 3 – Page B continues to outperform A – Autopilot maintains traffic allocation
- Phase 4 – Page B is still performing better than A – Your test finishes. Page B wins and has received the majority of your traffic
Without having to do anything, Autopilot optimizes your traffic and conversions.


text:
Hideaki Takeda, Kenji Gino, and Toyoaki Nishida
Building ontology is one of key issues for knowledge sharing which is important technology to realize largescale knowledge-base systems. In this paper, we propose a computational framework for constructive ontologies called aspect. We first formalize aspect in a logical framework and then define it as a programming language. Aspect is representation of conceptualization which consists of a vocabulary and a theory, and ontologies are built as composition of aspects. Two types of composition of aspects are provided, one is combination of aspects which is just union of aspects, and the other is category of aspects which links different but domainsharing aspects. Using them, we can represent not only relations among different aspects but also a set of aspects which either of them can be used if needed. We show a logical formalization of aspect by using modal logic. Category aspect is modeled using modal operator O. We also formalize characteristics for aspects like compatible and rigid which can be used as criteria for ontology. We also provide ASPECTO1, a programming language for aspect by extending Ontolingua. We then show translation of messages as a way of interpreting multiple aspects. A translation agent can translate a message with some aspect to one with another aspect by analyzing dependency of aspects. Mediation and translation of messages are important to build agents easily and naturally because less knowledge on other agents is requested for each agent.


Bearded lady
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Annie Jones toured with P.T. Barnum's circus in the 19th century.
A bearded lady or bearded woman is a woman who has a visible beard. These women have long been a phenomenon of legend, curiosity, or ridicule.
A relatively small number of women are able to grow enough facial hair to have a distinct beard. In some cases, female beard growth is the result of a hormonal imbalance (usually androgen excess), or a rare genetic disorder known as hypertrichosis.[1] Sometimes it is caused by use of anabolic steroids. Cultural pressure leads most to remove it, as it may be viewed as a social stigma. Notable exceptions were the famous (and usually false) bearded women of the circus sideshows of the 19th and early 20th centuries, before freak shows became unpopular.
Notable bearded ladies[edit]
See also[edit]
 2. ^
External links[edit]


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Iminosugars as glucosylceramide processing enzymes inhibitors: design, synthesis and evaluation
This Thesis describes the design, synthesis and evaluation as glycoprocessing enzyme inhibitors of focused libraries of iminosugars.
- Liu, B.
- 13 december 2017
- Thesis in Leiden Repository
This Thesis describes the design, synthesis and evaluation as glycoprocessing enzyme inhibitors of focused libraries of iminosugars. In the studies described, 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), and its known N-alkylated derivatives, served as starting points. DNJ modifications presented here include alteration of the substitution pattern of the piperidine core structure; variation in the N substituent, or a combination of the two. Biological evaluation of the synthesized compounds focused on the glycoprocessing enzymes involved in glucosylceramide metabolism: glucosylceramide synthase (GCS), lysosomal glucosylceramidase (GBA1) and neutral glucosylceramidase (GBA2), and in all examples presented the inhibitory potency of newly synthesized compounds are compared with that of literature compounds.


text:
Selection and Visibility Controls in PowerPoint This is a feature introduced in PowerPoint 2007, but less widely-known than it should be. Click on any graphic object in a slide; the Drawing Tools tab will appear. Click on the tab, then click on Select at the far right of the ribbon. Finally, click on Selection Pane. The pane at the far right will open. If there is any object on the slide that you want to make invisible (perhaps because might want to reuse the slide, or a copy of it, with the same object made visible again), click on the eye icon to toggle the object between being visible and being hidden. You can also click on the automatically assigned name of any object and give it a more descriptive name to make the objects easier to manage.
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Drongo, a tree-dwelling bird native to the Eastern Hemisphere. Drongos are 7 to 25 inches (18 to 64 cm) long. They are usually black with a greenish, purplish, or bluish sheen. Drongos are spectacular flyers, swooping and twisting in pursuit of insects.
The black drongois a common bird in India. The fork-tailed drongoof Africa is extremely bold and will attempt to steal insects from birds larger than itself. The spangled drongocan be found throughout southern Asia and Australia.
Drongos belong to the family Dicruridae. The black drongo is Dicrurus macrocerus; the fork-tailed drongo, D. adsimilis; and the spangled drongo, D. hottentottus.


Last updated on March 17, 2014 at 15:09 EDT
Why Context Matters In The Long And Short Of Words
June 20, 2011
Do you ever wonder about the stuff that makes up words? Why is a word a word, what goes into forming it, what's its history or why is it long or short? Scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology do.
Steven Piantadosi, Harry Tily and Edward Gibson study words for MIT's Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences to understand how humans think and communicate.
Recently, they put a well-established, 75-year-old language theory to the test and found it had room for improvement. At issue was something called Zipf's law, an empirical scientific principle that says word length is primarily determined by frequency of use.
In 1935, Harvard University linguist George Kingsley Zipf asserted "the magnitude of words tends, on the whole, to stand in an inverse, not necessarily proportionate, relationship to the number of occurrences." In other words, short words are used more than long ones.
"One widely known and apparently universal property of human language is that frequent words tend to be short," the researchers write in their report. They note short words are used to make communication more efficient than what can be had with frequent use of longer words.
This is because of pressure for communicative efficiency, Zipf surmised. It would be impractical to ask everyone at a Thanksgiving dinner whether they would like a bowl of soup using a 15-letter word for "of," for example.
In the Brown University Standard Corpus of Present-Day American English, which contains about two million words of text, "of" is the fourth most commonly used word. Meanwhile, "the" is used more in writing than any other word in the English language. In fact, a list of the top 100 most frequently used words contains words such as "be," "on," "have," "with," "who," and "some," all very short words.
But the cognitive scientists at MIT demonstrated a substantial improvement to Zipf's law. They showed that across 10 languages the predictability of what a person says is a more important determinant of word length than how often he or she says it.
Word length actually comes down to the amount of information it contains
The goal of the research was to compare Zipf's word frequency theory to Piantadosi and colleagues' word predictability theory–the idea that the average amount of information a word conveys in context–its predictability–determines word length.
"For instance, in a context like "ËœMonday night ____' the word "Ëœfootball' is very predictable and therefore conveys very little information," said Piantadosi, a cognitive scientist in the Ph.D. program at MIT and lead author of the study. "But, in a context like "ËœI ate ____,' the missing word is very unpredictable, but conveys a lot of information."
The hypothesis was that average information contained in two, three or four word sequences should in part determine the length of words, either in letters or syllables, since that's how an optimal code would behave. In this example, "football" and the two words preceding it demonstrated the effect.
"The only way these effects can get in to the lexicon is if our linguistic systems, and the mechanisms of language change, are sensitive to communicative pressures," said Piantadosi.
The sequences of words that people use are coded–their letters, syllables, sounds, etc.–for efficient communication and are better predictors of word length than frequency alone, he said.
"This means word sequences provide efficient codes for the meanings they convey, relative to the statistical regularities in language," he said. "That's our claim."
Context matters for love, amour, liebe, amor and kärlek
Love, amour, liebe, amor and kärlek all mean the same thing across different languages and all are about the same length, which according to Zipf is what should be expected if they were similarly predictable or informative. But the MIT researchers stress it's the words before and after a particular word that determines how often the particular word is used, not length.
True, the word for strong fondness is very short, but how frequently do people say it, what are the circumstances when they do and how predictable is the information conveyed when it's said? Saying "I love you" is quite different from saying "I love chicken." For a word like "love," context matters.
"I was surprised that we found effects in so many languages," said Piantadosi. "I would have thought that differences in morphology, or word structure, might have swamped our effects in many languages, but this doesn't appear to be the case."
Why the most frequently used words are short
The research findings also provide an improved explanation as to why the most often used words are short–because they tend to be predictable, meaning many short words, on average, convey relatively little information. Of the top 100 words, many are "function words," whose main purpose is to join words together such as–"with," "from" and "over." By themselves, these words give the reader or listener a very small amount of data.
The researchers also found short words must be paired with other familiar words to derive context and convey information. This is because many times words occurring after well-known sequences of other words are the most predictable and contain the least information; for example "a ton of fun," is a well known sequence of words that conveys very little information. But words that have a little association to the words preceding them contain more information; for example, "a ton of butter."
A final word
The research revealed that people communicate through at least an approximately optimal code for meaning, said Piantadosi. "Lexicons are not arbitrary in the sense of being completely random. Instead, they are well-structured for communication, given the patterns of word sequences people typically use."
The research is published in the Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences in an article titled "Word lengths are optimized for efficient communication." The National Science Foundation's Division of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences funds the research.
On the Net:


The Balkan Mountains (Kom-Emine)
Section 1 of the Trans-European Alpine Route
This section of the TEAR simply follows Bulgaria's longest and oldest trail, the Kom-Emine, for it's entire length across the Balkan Mountains. The eastern terminus of the trail, along with the entire TEAR, is Cape Emine, where the Balkan Mountains rise out of the Black Sea. The Kom-Emine winds its way towards Kom Peak (near the Serbian border) along a network of dirt roads and walking paths (official estimates are 70% forest/farm tracks, 20% single track, 5% paved).
The Balkan Mountains, or Stara Planina, run east-west across central Bulgaria before curving north and forming the border with Serbia at their western end. They have played an enormous role in the history of Bulgaria and even provide the basis for the name of the entire Balkan Peninsula.
The highlights of the Kom-Emine are the high ridge walks along the western and central sections of the Balkan Mountains (including the Central Balkan National Park), although this also presents the greatest challenge for TEAR hikers due to the lingering snow and unsettled weather in the early spring season. Thankfully a well established system of mountain huts allow for options for weary walkers to dry off and warm up.
The 'nuts and bolts' of the section are provided in the map above, which can be exported for use in offline GPS apps. Information is divided into subfolders for easier viewing and additional details/context are given below.
Main Route
Conceptually, navigation for this section is fairly simple since we're sticking to a single trail the entire way. The Kom-Emine is generally well marked with blazes of red and white stripes, although sometimes an important intersection will have nothing while a clear forest trail could be blazed on every other tree.
There is an official guidebook available (be sure to order the english version) which contains additional historical and cultural details, daily trail descriptions, hut information, and overview maps (not detailed enough for navigation). It's important to note that the trail is traditionally hiked eastbound, from Kom Peak to Cape Emine (this is the way the guidebook is written), while you'll be hiking in the opposite direction.
Alternate Routes
There are several official alternate routes along the Kom-Emine which allow you to bypass the main (exposed) ridges during bad weather. You'll likely encounter snow anywhere above 2000m in April so these trails become very useful options. Unfortunately there is no alternate around the highest point of the Balkan Mountains, Botev Peak (2386m), so you'll have to brave the elements.
The Kom-Emine doesn't pass through many towns due to its path along the main ridges of the mountains. This means you'll have to drop down off the trail to the plains below if you want to restock at a market (these are still small towns so don't expect much variety). There is a fair amount of flexibility with resupply strategies here since you could also opt for longer food carries or supplement your resupply with meals from the many huts along the way. Some of the huts may be closed or have limited services during this time of the year so plan carefully. The schedule given on the resupply spreadsheet is a good balance of limiting off-trail resupply miles and food carry distances. The GPS files include some additional options as well.
There are no places along the trail to buy a threaded fuel canister. You'd have to hike south from the mountains and catch a bus or train to Sofia. The only place where you can catch a train directly from the trail is Gara Lakatnik, after 500km of hiking. You can also take a train into Sofia early in the next section. Denatured alcohol (СПИРТ) can often be found in general stores and is purple.
Most sources should be flowing well early in the year. The sources mentioned in the GPS data are not exhaustive and often don't include obvious sources such as larger rivers or towns. Water can also be acquired at most mountain huts (check hut descriptions in Huts/Shelters info). Possibly the longest water carry of the whole Kom-Emine begins only ~3km after leaving Cape Emine, which may require carrying for the rest of the day and a dry camp. Thankfully the temperatures should be cool and the early terrain is easy.
Huts / Shelters
There are many staffed huts along the route as well as unstaffed shelters in various conditions. Wild camping is not permitted within Central Balkans National Park, but there are many huts and shelters for the ~100km of trail through the park.
Borders / Transportation / Other
The most important information here is how to get to Cape Emine. Burgas has the closest international airport, but I haven't been able to confirm a place to buy threaded fuel canisters for your first resupply. Sofia certainly has them, so you could fly there and take the train to Burgas. Eastern Europe is very easy to explore on a budget, so feel free to travel a bit before hitting the trail. Regardless of how you get to Burgas, you'll then need to take a bus north to Sunny Beach. During the summer the local bus lines in Sunny Beach extend all the way to the Elenite resort area, but in the early season you'll have to walk most of the way or flag a taxi (ask the price beforehand so you don't get ripped off). From Elenite it's a 10km hike to the village of Emona, which has a small hiker-friendly bar/restaurant. I humbly suggest having at least a drink there before walking the ~2km to the Cape and finding a place to camp above the cliffs. In the morning you can watch the sunrise over the Black Sea before setting off.
Day 1 _ 20 km_#TEAR2019_We woke up early
Next Section: The Balkan Gap


text:
Internal Wave Generation Boundary
(x max, ymax)
( xorigin, yorigin)
Definition sketch for computational grid
a. The grid axes should be aligned as much as possible with the
predominant wave direction.
b. Points of interest in the computational domain should be kept at least one
c. The water depth should be uniform along the wave generation boundary.
d. The grid spacing should be chosen to resolve the shortest wave period of
interest (Tmin) in the shallowest part of the domain (hmin). This typically
corresponds to having at least eight grid points per wavelength in the
shallow regions and 20 to 30 points per wavelength at the peak wave
period (Tp) in the deep regions (hmax).
e. The maximum water depth has to be less than half the shortest wavelength of interest (hmax ≤ L(Tmin)/2). In regions with relatively deep water
along the offshore boundary, an artificial maximum depth can be
imposed in the numerical model to ensure that the shortest waves of
interest are resolved. For example, if we are interested in modeling a sea
state with Tp =10 s and Tmin = 6 s over an area where the water depth
ranges from 5 m to 100 m, a maximum depth of 28 m can be imposed
corresponding to L(Tmin)/2.
The maximum size of the computational area should be based on the
amount of available computational resources. For typical PC's or workstations with 100 to 200 MB of virtual memory, the grid size should not
exceed 500 x 500 grid points. Larger grids can be used at the cost of
much longer computational times.
Chapter 4 Setting Up and Running BOUSS-2D


text:
el
wing mast, wing sail
The mast, sail, or combination of the two shaped like an airplane wing. If the mast is large and the attached sail is small, the mast is a wing mast. If the mast and sail form a single wing-shaped structure it is a wing sail. Wing masts or sails are aerodynamically very efficient but complicated and expensive. They usually are found in sophisticated racing catamarans or trimarans.
To prepare a boat or engine for winter.
Steel wire filaments twisted to form flexible cordage-like lengths.
wishbone boom, wishbone rig
Replacing the traditional boom, curved sprits side by side on either side of a sail and joined together at a point well up the mast and at the sail's clew. They hold the sail out and down. This is the rig used on sailboards. See snotter.
Telltales, which sometimes are made of yarn.
A small commercial boat that serves the needs of other vessels, for example as a launch, towboat, etc.


text: Arguably, any type of entertainment offers some form of escapism (which is why we are often drawn to it). However, The Sims seems to present a unique situation. I suggest an article that looks at the element of escapism with regard to The Sims. In that it is just simulating life, does it really offer a sense of escapism? This could present some discussion points like, the inclusion of supernatural beings, the lack of negative consequences for life decisions, the ability to play out an idealised life. Do people play The Sims to create what they want/are missing in life? Is it just enjoyable to escape ones own life and control someone else's? There is an entire niche of YouTube dedicated to The Sims gameplay, this could also present content for this article, in terms of how people play. In the first player-voted pack for The Sims 4, a pack that allows players to do laundry won. Perhaps this article could offer suggestions as to why players are so enthralled in simulating the mundane, and to refer back to the key idea, is this a kind of escapism?


text:
Angola Flag Description:
The Angolan flag is divided into two halves - the top half is red and the bottom half is black. In the middle of the flag is a yellow emblem consisting of a partial cog wheel, a machete and a star.
Angola Flag Meaning:
The red in the flag represents the blood shed by Angolans during oppression, the national liberation struggle and the defense of the country. The black represents the Continent of Africa. The emblem's cogwheel represents the laborers, and industrial production, and the machete represents peasants, agricultural production and the country's armed struggle. The star symbolizes international solidarity and progress while the color yellow represents the wealth of Angola.
Angola Flag History:
The current Angola flag was adopted on November 11th 1975 after Angola became independent from Portugal. Angola was discovered in 1483 by a Portuguese mariner and was one of the last African colonies to gain independence. There was a flag proposed for Portuguese Angola during 1967 but it never materialized.
Interesting Angola Flag Facts:
The emblem on the Angola flag is similar to the hammer and sickle emblem on the flag of the former Soviet Union, which is a symbol of Communism.
In 2003, a new flag was proposed for Angola, but it hasn't yet been ratified or formally adopted. The proposed Angola flag is extremely different in design and symbolism.


text:
30 Aug AMNIOTIC MEMBRANE THERAPY FOR THE EYES
Amniotic membrane therapy has become a popular procedure in the last two decades. This treatment allows for a biological bandage to be applied to the ocular surface to promote surface reconstruction and healing.
WHAT IS AMNIOTIC MEMBRANE TISSUE?
The amniotic membrane is a thin layer of skin that lines the inside of the placenta. The purpose of the amniotic membrane is to protect the fetus against harm and is naturally therapeutic to help the fetus develop. The collagen of the membrane is what makes the tissue so special, because it contains specialized proteins as well as growth factors.
Amniotic Membrane tissue is taken as a graft from elected cesarean section and is handled in sterile conditions to be used for ocular therapy.
WHAT ARE AMNIOTIC MEMBRANE GRAFTS?
There are three different types of amniotic membrane grafts that are used in ocular therapy.
Surgical Graft: This type of grafting is used when a permanent graft is needed to restore tissue. The graft is surgically sutured onto the tissue of the eye, and over time the membrane dissolves. This treatment is most commonly used during conjunctiva reconstructionwhen there is a benign growth of the inner eye.
Dehydrated Sutureless: Popularly used for ocular scarring, this grafting procedure can be done by ophthalmologists and optometrists. With this procedure a circular tissue graft is applied to the desired area of the cornea and flattened to the surface without an outer stabilizing ring. A lid speculum is required for this procedure as it helps the amniotic membrane graft to stay in place on the cornea, keeping the surrounding eyelid away. Steady hands are needed for the insertion and removal of this procedure to make sure the lid speculum does not disrupt the graft, or move the contact lens.
Cryopreserved Sutureless: Since the dehydrated sutureless graft is more of a challenging procedure due to the insertion of the lid speculum, the cryopreserved sutureless is a popular choice, because optometrists can perform the treatment at their own clinic. With this procedure the amniotic membrane is applied with an ophthalmic conformer ring. The ophthalmic conformer ring comes in various different levels of thickness depending on how severe the eye condition is and resembles a contact lens.
WHAT ARE THE INDICATIONS OF NEEDING AMNIOTIC MEMBRANE THERAPY?
Amniotic membrane therapy is used for any condition that damages the ocular surface, underlying stromal inflammation or any condition that can cause permanent scarring of the ocular surface affecting the patient's vision.
Conditions that may require amniotic membrane therapy include:
- Shield ulcers
- Neurotrophic corneal epithelial defects
- Corneal abrasions, ulcers and burns
- Filamentary keratitis
- Dry eye and exposure keratopathy
- Recurrent corneal erosion
- Salzmann's nodular degeneration
- Chemical and thermal burns
- Post-infectious keratitis
Determining what procedure should be preformed for each condition are patient and case dependent. Some amniotic membrane therapies may last longer than others, as the membrane will dissolve or be absorbed at different rates.
WHAT ARE THE RISKS OF AMNIOTIC MEMBRANE TRANSPLANTS?
With allogeneic tissue there is an implied risk of infectious disease transmission, however all caesarean section donors are thoroughly screened for communicable diseases, such as HIV, hepatitis and syphilis. The grafted membrane that is taken from cleared donors is then stored in sterile conditions depending on the grafting procedure the sample is to be used for. The membrane tissue is either stored for fresh use or cryopreserved at a temperature of -80 degrees Celsius.
If you have any further questions regarding the transplantation of this particular procedure, feel free to comment on our Facebook page, or book an appointment for further consultation.


How to Raise a Dishwasher off the Floor
Cabinets and dishwashers use standardized measurements to coordinate the top of the dishwasher with your countertop. Dishwashers that are designed to be built-in are sometimes manufactured 3 1/2 inches shorter than the top of the cabinets -- which is the same height as the cabinet toe-kick. The toe-kick is the wooden base that supports the base cabinets. If you're remodeling, or adding a shorter dishwasher to your kitchen, you need to build a toe-kick similar to the existing toe-kick to raise it off the floor.
Measure the height of the existing toe-kick on the base cabinets. Measure from the floor to the bottom of the lip where the cabinet is cantilevered out at the base. This is where your toes fit under the cabinet when you are working at the countertop. It will likely be 3 or 3 1/2-inches.
Set a table saw fence and rip the 1-by-4-by-96-inch piece of poplar to that measurement.
Measure the width of the dishwasher. Subtract 3 inches and cut two pieces of the poplar at that measurement. Measure the depth of the dishwasher. Subtract 3 inches and cut two pieces of poplar at that measurement.
Tilt a table saw blade to 45 degrees. Using the miter gauge, cut miters on the ends of all four pieces of poplar. Do not lose more than 1/16 inch of the length when mitering.
Smear wood glue on the mitered ends of all four pieces with your fingertip. Place the pieces on their edges. Bring the miters together to create a toe-kick frame. Wrap the frame with a nylon strap clamp and tighten. Shoot four pin nails through each corner of the frame from both directions. Let the glue dry for 1 hour.
Remove the clamp. Place the frame against the wall in the desired location. If there are hoses or pipes, place the frame over them. Place the dishwasher on top of the toe-kick frame. You should have a 3-inch toe-kick reveal at the front of the dishwasher. You should have 1 1/2-inch reveal or lip on each side.


text:
Parameterized Complexity of Optimal Planning: A Detailed Map / 954
Martin Kronegger, Andreas Pfandler, Reinhard Pichler
The goal of this paper is a systematic parameterized complexity analysis of different variants of propositional STRIPS planning. We identify several natural problem parameters and study all possible combinations of 9 parameters in 6 different settings. These settings arise, for instance, from the distinction if negative effects of actions are allowed or not. We provide a complete picture by establishing for each case either paraNP-hardness (i.e., the parameter combination does not help) or W[t]-completeness with t ∈ 1,2 (i.e., fixed-parameter intractability), or FPT (i.e., fixed-parameter tractability).


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OpenAjax Alliance Moves Towards More Secure Mashups
The OpenAjax Alliance has announced approval and availability of OpenAjax Hub 2.0 as an industry standard for more secure Web 2.0 mashup applications. Advances in security in Hub 2.0 can help protect enterprise mashups from malicious intent, giving IT staff greater confidence in adding these features to their Web sites.
The major addition to Hub 2.0 is a JavaScript Library for Secure Enterprise Mashups created to better protect widgets and mashups from hackers and malicious intent. It addresses concerns among IT managers that may have inhibited adoption of mashup software within companies.
"OpenAjax Hub 2.0 is a major step forward for the OpenAjax Alliance towards its mission of promoting Ajax interoperability," says the OpenAjax Alliance's David Boloker. "In order to realize the potential for mashups across the industry, there needs to be standards. Hub 2.0 defines a key industry standard for how widgets can be isolated into secure containers and then how widgets can talk to each other through a mediated messaging bus."
Hub 2.0 isolates third-party widgets into secure sandboxes and mediates messaging among the widgets with a security manager. For example, suppose a Web site includes a third-party calendar widget. That widget itself might be malicious or might become malicious if its code has vulnerabilities that allow a site to hijack the widget. Malicious widgets could transmit hijacked data to a scamming web site or piggyback user credentials to read and write from company servers. Hub 2.0 prevents attacks by isolating untrusted widgets from the main application and other widgets, and by preventing access to user credentials. It protects against widget hijacking due to its features around careful widget loading and unloading and message integrity.
The OpenAjax Alliance is an organization of vendors, open source projects and companies using Ajax that are dedicated to the successful adoption of open and interoperable Ajax-based Web technologies. OpenAjax members include more than 100 organizations including Adobe, the Eclipse Foundation, Google, IBM and Microsoft working towards the mutual goal of accelerating customer success with Ajax.
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Aligned Input Events
 - Chrome 60 reduces jank by lowering event frequency, thereby improving the consistency of frame timing.
 - The getCoalescedEvents() method, introduced in Chrome 58 provides the same wealth of event information you've had all along.
Providing a smooth user experience is important for the web. The time between receiving an input event and when the visuals actually update is important and generally doing less work is important. Over the past few releases of Chrome, we have driven down input latency across these devices.
In the interest of smoothness and performance, in Chrome 60, we are making a change that causes these events to occur at a lower frequency while increasing the granularity of the information provided. Much like when Jelly Bean was released and brought the Choreographer which aligns input on Android, we are bringing frame aligned input to the web on all platforms.
But sometimes you need more events. So, in Chrome 58, we implemented a method called getCoalescedEvents(), which lets your application retrieve the full path of the pointer even while it's receiving fewer events.
Let's talk about event frequency first.
Lowering event frequency
Let's understand some basics: touch-screens deliver input at 60-120Hz and mice deliver input typically at 100Hz (but can be anywhere up to 2000Hz). Yet the typical refresh rate of a monitor is 60Hz. So what does that actually mean? It means that we receive input at a higher rate than we actually update the display at. So let's look at a performance timeline from devtools for a simple canvas painting app.
In the picture below, with requestAnimationFrame()-aligned input disabled, you can see multiple processing blocks per frame with an inconsistent frame time. The small yellow blocks indicate hit testing for such things as the target of the DOM event, dispatching the event, running javascript, updating the hovered node and possibly re-calculating layout and styles.
A performance timeline showing inconsistent frame timing.
So why are we doing extra work that doesn't cause any visual updates? Ideally, we don't want to do any work that doesn't ultimately benefit the user. Starting in Chrome 60, the input pipeline will delay dispatching continuous events (wheel, mousewheel, touchmove, pointermove, mousemove) and dispatch them right before the requestAnimationFrame() callback occurs. In the picture below (with the feature enabled), you see a more consistent frame time and less time processing events.
We have been running an experiment with this feature enabled on the Canary and Dev channels and have found that we perform 35% less hit tests which allows the main thread to be ready to run more often.
An important note that web developers should be aware of is that any discrete event (such as keydown, keyup, mouseup, mousedown, touchstart, touchend) that occurs will be dispatched right away along with any pending events, preserving the relative ordering. With this feature enabled, a lot of the work is streamlined into the normal event loop flow, providing a consistent input interval. This brings continuous events inline with scroll and resize events which have already been streamlined into the event loop flow in Chrome.
A performance timeline showing relatively consistent frame timing.
We've found that the vast majority of applications consuming such events have no use for the higher frequency. Android has already aligned events for a number of years so nothing there is new, but sites may experience less granular events on desktop platforms. There has always been a problem with janky main threads causing hiccups for input smoothness, meaning that you might see jumps in position whenever the application is doing work, making it impossible to know how the pointer got from one spot to the other.
The getCoalescedEvents() method
As I said, there are rare scenarios where the application would prefer to know the full path of the pointer. So to fix the case where you see large jumps and the reduced frequency of events, in Chrome 58, we launched an extension to pointer events called getCoalescedEvents(). And below is an example of how jank on the main thread is hidden from the application if you use this API.
Comparing standard and coalesced events.
Instead of receiving a single event, you can access the array of historical events that caused the event. Android, iOS, and Windows all have very similar APIs in their native SDKs and we are exposing a similar API to the web.
Typically a drawing app may have drawn a point by looking at the offsets on the event:
window.addEventListener("pointermove", function(event) {
 drawPoint(event.pageX, event.pageY);
This code can easily be changed to use the array of events:
window.addEventListener("pointermove", function(event) {
 var events = 'getCoalescedEvents' in event? event.getCoalescedEvents() : [event];
 for (let e of events) {
 drawPoint(e.pageX, e.pageY);
Note that not every property on the coalesced events is populated. Since the coalesced events are not really dispatched but are just along for the ride, they aren't hit tested. Some fields such as currentTarget, and eventPhase will have their default values. Calling dispatch related methods such as stopPropagation() or preventDefault() will have no effect on the parent event.


The save/replace game dialogue - part 1
2/19/2009 – ChessBase 10 contains a large variety of fields into which you can input player and tournament information when saving a game. Some of these can be confusing for new users. In this week's ChessBase Workshop, learn the important difference between saving and replacing a game, and get a first look at the most commonly-used game header fields. Workshop...
Your key to fresh ideas, precise analyses and targeted training!
This week's ChessBase Workshop is going to focus on an old program feature which still proves troublesome to new users: the save game/replace game dialogue. Although we've discussed this before in a previous column or two, it's one of those areas which really can't be stressed enough; understanding it fully can save you a lot of grief later on down the road.
To begin our discussion, let's look at the important differences between saving and replacing games in a database. In its simplest form, the main difference can be boiled down to a couple of rules of thumb:
 - If you're manually entering a new game move-by-move into a database, you'll want to use "Save game" when you're finished.
 - If you're adding commentary/variations or making other changes to an existing game, you'll want to use "Replace game" when you're finished.
It's that simple. Of course, there are always exceptions, among them being cases in which you might annotate a game contained in one database and wish to save the finished product in a different one, or you may add notes to a game which already contains commentary by someone else and wish to save yours as a separate copy (in order to preserve the other guy's original work in an unaltered form), etc. But the two bulleted cases listed above will serve as general rules of thumb.
Saving a game means that a separate copy will be saved into the database (and which, by the way, will appear as the last game in a database's game list). Replacing a game means that the original game in the database will be replaced by the version you just altered (and the newly-altered version will appear in the same spot in the game list as did the original unaltered version).
There you have it -- the basic difference between the two actions.
Regardless of whether you're saving or replacing a game, you'll see the same dialogue appear on your screen. If you're saving a game, the dialogue won't contain any information (most of its fields will be blank):
If you're replacing a game, the existing information (from when the game was originally saved) will appear in the dialogue:
In both cases, you can add or change information in this dialogue before clicking "OK" (which completes the process and either saves or replaces the game).
Let's look now at the specific dialogue information and how it should be recorded. We'll assume for the sake of the discussion that we're "starting fresh": entering a game by hand and saving it into a database (as opposed to adding information to, and replacing, an existing game). We've entered the moves of the game and are ready to save it. We click "Save" and get our "blank" dialogue:
"White" and "Black" refer to the respective two players. Note the small comma between the two "blanks" after 'White"; this gives us a valuable clue as to how this part of the dialogue should be filled in. The comma tells us that the leftmost blank should contain the player's last name, followed in the rightmost box by the player's first name. The boxes for "Black" work the same way:
If you're hand-entering a game played by professional players (perhaps from a chess book or magazine), you can use the "question mark" buttons to the far right of both "White" and "Black" to search for the player in the Players Encyclopedia and automatically enter the information contained therein.
We're going to skip over the "Tournament" field temporarily, though we'll come back to it. We're going to devote a whole column to the options for just this field. For now, you can just enter a geographic place name or an actual tournament name here.
The "ECO" field will already be filled in for you. The software will already have identified the proper alphanumeric Encyclopedia of Chess Openings code and will automatically place the information in the box.
"Elo White" and "Elo Black" are where you'll enter the players' ratings (if known). Once again I'll remind you that Arpad Elo's rating system for games and sports wasn't adopted internationally in the chess community until the early 1970's; chess games played prior to this will not have rating information available.
You can enter "Round" and "Subround" numbers if known (and if applicable). Why "Subround"? You'll occasionally see chess events in which the players might play one game as each color as part of a "round" (i.e two -- or three, if tiebreaks are involved -- games per round); the "subround" field gives you a place to enter such information.
"Result" allows you to enter a variety of game results, including a number of different evaluation symbols (via the "pulldown" arrow, which you would use when entering some analysis instead of an actual game). "Date" will typically default to the date you're manually entering the game, so you'll often change this to the date the game was actually played.
When you're finished, just click the "OK" button to complete the process of saving the game into the database.
There's an important difference of which you should be aware when replacing a game. There will be several bits of information already filled in, consisting of the existing game header info:
Note that some information contains a check in a box beside it (in the above illustration, it's "ECO Code", "Round", and "Year"). Other information, while filled in, doesn't have a check in the corresponding box ("Month" and "Day" in the illustration). It's important to note that even though some header info might already be filled in, it won't appear in the actual replaced game header unless the corresponding box is checked. Going back to the illustration, you don't need to worry about the wrong month and day being saved in the header; even though there are values in the boxes, there's no check in the boxes -- the info isn't saved when "OK" is clicked.
There are a couple of other observations which should be made before we leave off for another week. First, you're not required to put something in every single field in this dialogue. If you don't know a round number or the month and day a game was played, just leave those fields blank; the software will still save the game anyway.
You can also put pretty much anything you want into a field. For example, you've entered the moves of a line of analysis taken from an opening reference; you want to save it into a database, but you don't have any player or tournament information available. How do you complete the game header?
I do this sort of thing all the time. Typically I'll just type the word "Analysis" in the box for the White player's last name, while leaving the first name field blank. In the Black player's last name field, I'll type either the verbal name of the opening or the moves of a brief identifying variation line. In the "Tournament" box, I'll type the name of the opening reference from which the analysis came (so I know the source later). For "Result" I'll use the evaluation given in that source material. For "Year" I use the year the source material was published (and I'll even include a month number if the analysis came from a chess magazine).
You can enter any information you want, but the important thing is to be consistent. Don't input one game with the word "Analysis" in the White player field and then put that word in the Black player field the next time around. Don't use the year of publication one time and then use the year you saved it in your database for the next bit of analysis you enter.
And whether you're saving games or analysis, be as thorough as you can with your game headers. For player names, use a player's full first name if you have that info available, not just an initial or (worse) a blank in the "first name" field. If you have the exact date a game was played, there's no reason to not enter the whole thing in your saved game header.
Be thorough and be consistent, and this will save you a lot of aggravation later.
Until next week, have fun!
© 2008, Steven A. Lopez. All rights reserved.
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text:
July 5, 2006 to July 7, 2006
Satoshi Yonemoto, Kyushu Sangyo University, Japan
Takahiro Yotsumoto, Kyushu Sangyo University, Japan
Rin-ichiro Taniguchi, Kyushu Sangyo University, Japan
DOI Bookmark: _URL_
In this paper, we describe a tangible interface for Hands-on Learning using physical-tangible objects ( pattern blocks). A computer recognizes the states of the user-handled objects in real time and it gives the users advice to execute learning tasks if necessary. In our approach, a pattern block is employed as a primitive piece. It helps the users to do direct manipulation in real environments, while displayed events in virtual environments help them to support the learning tasks. Concretely, we have developed the interaction system can support Hands-on Math activities.
Augmented reality, computer vision.
Satoshi Yonemoto, Takahiro Yotsumoto, Rin-ichiro Taniguchi, "A Tangible Interface for Hands-on Learning", IV, 2006, Information Visualization, Information Visualization 2006, pp. 535-538, doi:10.1109/IV.2006.13


text:
A new policy paper by The Jewish People Policy Institute (JPPI) urges the Government of Israel to share the cost of Jewish education for the children of Israeli immigrants (Yordim) in the Diaspora. The paper, Helping Yordim Remain Jewish: A new policy for the treatment of Israeli migrants abroad, argues that Israelis residing abroad, especially in North America, can be a strategic asset to Israel, and help facilitate a process of demographic and identity regeneration within Diaspora Jewry as well as serve as a bridgehead between Israel and Jewish communities abroad. The paper addresses Israeli decision makers and leaders of Jewish communities in the Diaspora.
The major recommendations of this new paper include:
- Israel should give Israeli migrants absentee voting rights for their first four years abroad to strengthen ties with Israel.
- Israel should finance establishment of kindergartens and schools for children of Israelis in the Diaspora.
- Israel should finance special study tracks for the children of Israeli migrants studying in Jewish schools.
These recommendations are based on a detailed analysis of the current state of the Israeli migrant community in the Diaspora, which indicates that:
- Israeli immigrant community could be an asset both to Israel and local Jewish communities.
- The second-generation Israeli migrant community is exposed to accelerated assimilation processes.
- Israeli parents abroad face difficulties in instilling "Israeli" identity in the next generation.
The paper's author, Yogev Karasenty, a JPPI fellow, told eJP, "investing in preserving the Israeli-Jewish identity of children of Israeli emigrants abroad, is in line with the Zionist ethos. Rather, the existence of a strong and integrated Jewish-Israeli Diaspora is a clear Israeli interest. Stronger involvement of migrants from Israel in the Israeli public arena could serve as an effective tool for strengthening their ongoing ties with Israel. "


The Zettelkasten method breaks down the thinking process into physical steps which can be acquired as habits.
Thinking – the ability to connect and understand things – becomes a physical routine.
These Here are the steps:
 1. Collecting and writing down ideas while I'm watching or reading something.
 2. Processing information by phrasing it in my own words, then adding the note to my Zettelkasten (one though thought is one card).
 3. Optional linking and connecting with existing notes in the Zettelkasten to create a network of information.
This routine is very similar to GTD, which is also the thinking process broken down to physical steps and habits.


How to Prepare Tasty Cinnamon Bread From Scratch
Cinnamon Bread From Scratch.
Cinnamon Bread From Scratch You can have Cinnamon Bread From Scratch using 15 ingredients and 15 steps. Here is how you cook that.
Ingredients of Cinnamon Bread From Scratch
 1. It's of Dough.
 2. It's 1 1/4 cup of milk.
 3. It's 3 tbsp of honey.
 4. You need 1 1/2 tbsp of butter.
 5. You need 1 tbsp of sugar.
 6. Prepare 1 1/2 tsp of salt.
 7. It's 2 tsp of quick rise yeast.
 8. It's 3 cup of flour.
 9. It's of filling.
 10. You need 1/2 cup of brown sugar.
 11. It's 1/2 cup of sugar.
 12. Prepare 1 tbsp of ground cinnamon.
 13. Prepare 1 tsp of ground ginger.
 14. Prepare 1/2 tsp of ground nutmeg.
 15. It's 4 tbsp of butter.
Cinnamon Bread From Scratch step by step
 1. In large bowl combine first 5 dough ingredients (all but yeast and flour). Heat in microwave or otherwise until just warm (110°).
 2. Add yeast to milk mixture. Let stand in warm place 10-15 minutes to activate yeast.
 3. Add in flour 1 cup at a time. Mix to form dough.
 4. Knead dough 5 minutes on floured surface..
 5. Butter or grease large bowl and turn dough over to grease dough. Cover with bread cloth, place in warm area and let rise 1 hour.
 6. While dough is rising, in med bowl, combine all ingredients to make filling..
 7. Grease loaf pan.
 8. Once dough has risen, place on floured surface and press or roll into a rectangle roughly the same width as your loaf pan..
 9. Spread filling mix over dough (you'll probably have some extra mix, don't feel obligated to use it all or it'll bubble over while baking).
 10. Roll dough tightly into log and put into loaf pan.
 11. Cover dough and let rise again for 30 minutes.
 12. Preheat oven to 350°.
 13. Bake @ 350° for 40 minutes.
 14. Loosen from sides of pan and let cool where air can circulate around pan for 15 minutes. Turn out of pan and finish cooling as long as you can stand to wait ;-P.
 15. Shout out to the basic bread recipe that inspired this
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text:
An Invasive Species of Giant Snail is Plaguing One Texas Community
Texas Parks and Wildlife lists the snails as one of the most unwanted animals in the state.
Residents of this Texas community aren't kidding when they refer to their new neighbors as "slimy."
KVUE reports that an "invasive and aggressive species" of snail called channeled apple snails has moved in to the upscale Katy neighborhood of Tamarron. Otherwise known as Pomacea canaliculate, their bodies can be two inches wide to three inches tall with the shell extending up to six inches—comparable in size to an apple, which is how they got their name.
Apple snails, which are found in slow-moving streams, ponds and lakes, are native to South America but started appearing in the Lone Star State in the '90s. According to the Texas Invasive Species Institute, these mollusks reproduce quickly and can wreak considerable damage on an ecosystem. Their bright reddish-pink eggs are easy to identify and are laid in glob-like in groupings of 200 to 600.
WATCH: North Carolina Swarmed by Monster Mosquitoes Following Hurricane Florence Flooding
Texas Parks and Wildlife lists the snails as one of the most unwanted animals in the state and are urging people who come across them to alert the authorities.


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My question is simple:
What tactics are used with PostgreSQL based applications to avoid the user ever being presented with a DB generated error caused by constraints and foreign keys etc.?
The rationale for this question is:
It is common practise within all DBs I've worked with to trap at least some user errors. Generally you try to make sure the application guides the users away from error but no matter how idiot proof you make something, someone will always make a better idiot. As a result you always need to encode constraints such as unique constraints and foreign key constraints to ensure that a brilliantly foolish individual does not corrupt your data.
These need to be DB constraints and not application logic because frequently they involve race conditions (only the DB can correctly keep something unique or enforce foreign keys etc).
For modern software it no longer acceptable to present a user with a message such as: ERROR: duplicate key value violates unique constraint "test_x_key". Just the word "error" makes some users phone tech support to tell them the application has broken. Users expect to be talked to as people not as a computer. And well they should... computers the servants of people; not the other way around.
The problem is, I have never found a good solution to reliably catch a DB error resulting from a constraint and trace it's precise origin in order to a) have the application take appropriate action such as correcting the error automatically and retrying or b) presenting the user with a meaningful error message written by the application designer not the makers of PostgreSQL.
I have thought of parsing the resulting human readable error message which usually available in some form or other depending on which language you're working in. My concern over this answer is that I don't see the error messages specified in the manual and so I'm not certain how reliable they are from one version of PostgreSQL to the next.
I'm interested to know: What techniques do people use to identify which DB constraint caused a DML statement to fail or what techniques do people use to avoid hitting these constraints entirely.
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closed as too broad by Juhana, Charles, Dimitri M, Harry Johnston, Chris Mar 3 at 7:08
2 Answers
When you catch the error, extract the constraint name from the exception/error message and use the constraint name as a key to a resource bundle that maps the name to a human readable message
Given the table:
create table foo
 id integer constraint pk_foo primary key,
 some_value integer
create a resource bundle (or whatever technique you use in your programming language) with this content:
pk_foo=This record already exists in the database
For FK constraints you can have something like:
fk_foo_bar=There is no corresponding "bar" record available.
These messages can then even be localized.
To supply "generic" error messages, you should rely on the error code and not on the message. The error codes are described in the manual
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Could you elaborate a little on the reliability of error messages. You suggest that parsing them is acceptable. What is the scope for them changing from one version to the next and thus messing up the "extraction" of the constraint name? – couling Jan 6 '13 at 23:14
_USER_: although there is a chance they will change, I doubt that existing message will change substantially. I would however make sure that the language is always set to english, so that you don't need to worry about that. – a_horse_with_no_name Jan 7 '13 at 8:02
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Another possibility (although I can't comment on whether it's a good solution) is to create your own set of translated messages.
See Native Language Support for a description of how message catalogs are written for PostgreSQL. Many of the message strings are parameterized so you may find that the information that you plan to parse out of the error message is already treated as a parameter anyway.
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This is exactly what we do with LedgerSMB. One note I would make is that the best way to do this is to translate the SQL State code to a human readable message, not the db error string. – Chris Travers Mar 4 '13 at 11:55
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ScaDS Logo
Canonical Text Service
The Canonical Text Services protocol defines interaction between a client and server providing identification of texts and retrieval of canonically cited passages of texts. The official specifications by David Neel Smith and Christopher Blackwell can be found here.
To put it relatively simple: CTS serves text passages that are specified by URN like references. It is specified in a way that allows to create CTS URNs for any possible text passage in a document.
The data can be requested using GET requests that are provided in an URL. Each request must contain one parameter request which specifies the CTS function to use. Function specific parameters - like the URN - are added as additional GET parameters.
For example, the following CTS request returns the text content of chapter 3 of the book Genesis of the English King James Bible.
CTS requests include a URL parameter named request. The value of this parameter must be the name of one the seven requests: GetCapabilities, GetValidReff, GetFirstUrn, GetPrevNextUrn, GetLabel, GetPassage or GetPassagePlus. All requests other than GetCapabilities further require a parameter named urn. The value of this parameter must be a valid CTS URN value, as defined in the CTS URN specification.
Static URNs
urn:cts:pbc:bible.parallel.eng: Click
urn:cts:pbc:bible.parallel.eng.kingjames: Click
Text part
urn:cts:pbc:bible.parallel.eng:1 Click
urn:cts:pbc:bible.parallel.eng.kingjames:1.3.2 Click
Dynamic URNs
Text span (From one text part to another)
urn:cts:pbc:bible.parallel.eng:1.2-1.5.6 Click
Sub passage notation
urn:cts:pbc:bible.parallel.eng:1.2@the[2]-1.5.6@five Click
The project website ( ) shows a number of webservices and selected data instances that illustrate the current state of Leipzig's Canonical Text Infrastructure.
Preliminary Results
The growing list of CTS instances provide open public access to a wide variety of texts including ancient literature, bible translations in >800 languages, more modern literature like Shakespeare or the Deutsche Text Archiv, an Arabic newspaper, multi lingual video transcripts and many others.
The protocol is further extended to provide support for more use cases. These extensions are done sensibly while making sure that they do not contradict the protocol. Two major extensions are the support for text licenses and passage post processing that allows different views on any requested text passage like for instance a div-type based generic structure notation.
Additionally to providing the data sets and expanding on the protocol, tools are developed that use this novel approach to machine interpretable text communication for text analysis techniques like structure based realtime text alignment.
Project Members
Prof. Dr. Gerhard Heyer
Jochen Tiepmar
Sascha Ludwig ( Former Student Member )


A councillor has responded to discussions regarding the possible rebranding of a student owned nightclub and the adjoining alley.
Lancaster University Students' Union have discussed the possibility of changing the name of a popular nightclub which has links to the slave trade.
This could include a change of the Sugarhouse name which union officials say would extend to the nearby Sugar House Alley.
Following discussions between union officers on Friday (September 12) Lancaster City Council have told LancsLive that they would work with any organisation hoping to "decolonise our history."
Councillor Jean Parr, Cabinet member with responsibility for arts, culture, leisure and tourism, said: "As part of the work we are doing with local community groups and the Black History Group to examine the area's connections to slavery and find ways to decolonise our history, we would be very happy to work with any organisations that wish to achieve the same aims."
Sugarhouse club in Lancaster.
Lancaster was once one of the largest trading sites in Britain and was known to have a major stake in the transatlantic slave trade.
It was home to several prominent slave trading families including the Rawlinsons and the Dodsons.
Originally the Sugarhouse nightclub was a processing plant and storage unit founded in 1684 which would have treated sugar imported from the West Indies.
Atree Ghosh, who works as the Students' Union vice president for union development, fears that the club and its name 'treads very close to normalising the atrocities of the slave trade.'
He told LancsLive: "Our union-owned nightclub is still called the Sugarhouse and is situated in the original location of the sugar processing warehouse.
"This connection with the slave trade is never really publicised to students despite it being the core reason behind the name for the venue.
"Discussing a possible name change acknowledges the dark past, and at least attempts to move to a more positive future for a venue that students love.
The student's union could seek to rename the Sugarhouse.
"This is in no way a decision, this is a discussion, we want to hear people's thoughts - without that we can't come to any decision, we want to hear what students think.
"We don't want to make any decision like this behind students backs. We just want to make students aware of the link between Sugarhouse and our history.
"This may result in us doing a remembrance plaque at the club, information explaining its past on our website and one of those options is renaming the club.
"But that will not be done without a referendum."
Lancaster was at the centre of several discussions about its links to the slave trade following worldwide Black Lives Matter protests.
Historian David Starkey was stripped of his honorary degree from the university after making controversial comments, while discussions were held over renaming some of the city's streets and historical buildings.
A gravestone to the Rawlinson family, mass slave traders in the city, was also desecrated by protestors.
Discussions over a possible rebranding of the Sugarhouse were held between several SU officials, including Atree, on Friday (September 11).
"Are we trying to "erase" history? Absolutely not," said the 22-year-old union development vice president.
"Not because it is a history that deserves "celebrating" but because erasing the past of the Sugarhouse is downright insulting to the victims of its past.
"Some students have suggested that renaming the club could make people forget about those links with the past."
Atree admitted that the nearby Sugar House Alley, which houses the nightclub, could also be the subject of a rebrand which lead to the recent comments from Lancaster City Council.


text:
The OpenUP is an iterative software development process that is minimal, complete, and extensible.
- The process is minimal in that only fundamental content is included
- The process is complete in that it can be manifested as an entire process to build a system
- The process is extensible in that it can be used as a foundation on which process content can be added or tailored as needed
- Collaborate to align interests and share understanding
- Balance competing priorities to maximize stakeholder value
- Focus on the architecture early to minimize risks and organize development
- Evolve to continuously obtain feedback and improve


Toasting the 4th of July like The Founding Fathers Would Have - With Madeira
The most popular wine in colonial America, with all due respect to Thomas Jefferson's French favorites, was Madeira. Never heard of it? While it's not very popular today, this fortified Portuguese wine was wildly popular on board the European ships traveling across oceans, and among the citizens of their distant colonies. Madeira was popular for a very practical reason — it travels well.
Fortifying the wine with spirits raised the alcohol content to around 19 – 21 percent, allowing the beverage to survive long journeys at sea. Two other things happened to Madeira, while at sea, that actually improved the beverage. Most wine will 'cook' if exposed to heat for a prolonged period of time. The hold of an eighteenth-century ship was not a kind place for table wine. Madeira, on the other hand, as sailors soon discovered, improved with exposure to heat (similar to when the Roman armies realized that storing their wine in oak barrels improved the wine within). Additionally, sailors realized that the 'pitching and rolling' the wine experienced in the ships hold improved Madeira's flavor.
Madeira's rise was also aided by the fact that the island, for which the wine bears its name, was a popular port of call for European ships headed to Asia, Africa, and the Americas. Among other supplies, a ship docking in the post would pack its hold with Madeira before sailing on to its ultimate destination.
Don't miss a drop!
The Americans, colonists then citizens, while they loved their whiskey, as the Whiskey Rebellion illustrated, also loved Madeira. It wasn't the cheapest drink, but there was plenty of it in America in the late eighteen century. Historians estimate that we were importing 25 percent of all the Madeira the Portuguese were producing during the period. When it came time for an important toast in early America, Madeira was typically the drink of choice.
Toasting The Declaration Of Independence
Signing of Declaration of Independence
When the members of the Continental Congress signed the Declaration of Independence in July of 1776, all the men there knew the seriousness of their action. They had signed their names to a document that would serve as the foundation of a new nation, or the evidence the British would cite when they hung them for treason. Clearly, a drink was called for. On such a momentous occasion, only Madeira would do. From there, Madeira served as the toasting beverage of choice.
Toasting George Washington's First Inauguration
Washington's First Inauguration At Federal Hall In New York
On April 30, 1789, George Washington was sworn in as the first President of the United States of America, in New York, the nation's capital at the time. Washington, followed by a crowd of citizens, walked from his home to Federal Hall, both located in what is today Downtown Manhattan. After meeting with the House and the Senate, Washington moved to the second floor balcony, where he took the presidential oath of office.
The Madeira-soaked celebration that followed has become a bit of a legend. While all agree the inauguration was celebrated with glasses of Madiera, when that happened is a bit foggy. Some claim he took the oath with a glass of Madeira in his spare hand — most certainly not the case, while others recall a toast immediately following the ceremony. The actual Inaugural Ball was held a week later, where it was Washington's dancing that caused a bit of a stir in early American society. Whatever the case, we can be sure Madeira was consumed, as Washington was known to enjoy three to five glasses an evening.
Toasting The Louisiana Purchase
Message of President Thomas Jefferson To The Senate
President Thomas Jefferson was America's earliest and strongest advocate for wine of the unfortified sort. During his time and travels in France, where he developed a strong taste for French wine, from some of today's most famous chateaus in Bordeaux in particular, he also believed that America one day could and would produce wines to rival the Old World's greats. His experimental vineyards in Monticello weren't particularly successful, but his prediction proved correct. Today, America produces some of the world's finest wines. Further, many believe those coming out of his native Virginia will soon be recognized as some of America's finest wines (see our guides to the vineyards of Monticello and Northern Virginia).
At its time, the Louisiana Purchase, was quite controversial. Many wondered whether then-President Jefferson's decision to buy the 828,000 square mile territory from the French was unconstitutional. Jefferson himself had his doubts, but he believed the opportunity was too important to pass up. The deal itself was fairly complicated, as the French had only recently bought the territory back from the Spanish. Robert Livingston, James Monroe, and Barbé Marbois signed the treaty in Paris, in April of 1803. Later that year, following Senate ratification, the three nations marked the peaceful handover of the territory in New Orleans, its former capital, with a series of celebratory toasts: Champagne to honor France; Malaga (a fortified Spanish wine) to honor Spain; and Madeira, our adopted wine, to honor America.
Madeira eventually declined in popularity, becoming something of a niche beverage. This was due to a combination of reasons, ranging from the arrival of powdery mildew and then phylloxera from Continental Europe, to events abroad. America was still an important market for Madeira by the time of Prohibition, and so when Prohibition was enacted, it effects were devastating.
The American love affair with Madeira is long over. We've grown our own wines to replace our original 'de defacto national wine.' Toasting to the 4th of July with a glass of American wine would certainly be in spirit of the day, whether it's a Cabernet Sauvignon from California or a Cabernet Franc grown across the continent on Long Island's North Fork. But if you truly want to toast to our Independence as our Founding Fathers would have, Madeira should fill your glass.


text: Caelus has amassed a 350,000-acre position in the highly prospective trend between two of the largest hydrocarbon discoveries in North America, namely Prudhoe Bay and Point Thompson. Immediately following acquisition of these blocks, Caelus acquired 175 square miles of new, high-resolution 3D seismic data and reprocessed another 275 square miles of existing 3D to image prospects on our acreage. Adjacent infrastructure with available capacity reduces threshold volumes required for developing discoveries in the sub-100 MMBO recoverable range. Multiple play types within proven stratigraphic horizons provide significant upside potential in previously poorly-imaged structural trends and/or subtle stratigraphic traps. Surrounding legacy wells (1960s-1990s) vintage confirm deeper petroleum system elements and de-risked shallower Brookian reservoirs and hydrocarbon charge and phase within the area. Caelus is actively developing an impressive inventory of leads and prospects for near-term drilling within our acreage that should complement currently producing Oooguruk assets and bridge the gap with our longer-term Smith Bay development.


text: Sewage sludge and crude glycerine were co-digested in the mesophilic digester of Hoogstraten wastewater treatment plant. Additions of up to 1 kg of crude glycerine/(m³ reactor).(day) were done without significant operational problems. At higher dosage, severe digester foaming was observed. Methane production during co-digestion was up to 20% higher than what would be expected based on the digester input. Compared to the period before glycerine dosage, every tonne of added crude glycerine resulted in a surplus methane production of 489 Nm³. The theoretical methane production from the used crude glycerine was 341 Nm³ per tonne. The difference is explained by a higher sewage sludge degradability during co-digestion with glycerine. Glycerine dosage can remedy the lowered specific biogas yield of sewage sludge in Flanders and consequently enhance green electricity production.


text:
This Y1 common exception word (CEW) pack allows pupils to practise reading and spelling a selection of the 45 tricky words for this cohort.
Each worksheet includes two words for pupils to read, spell and understand, with an opportunity to develop letter formation using handwriting line guides.
There are four PDF worksheets, plus an answer sheet, in this pack, covering the following common exception words:
- by, my
- one, once
- there, where
What are common exception words?
Common exception words are words which don't follow the common rules of spelling, or which use letter combinations to represent sounds in an uncommon way.
Year 1 common exception words
National Curriculum English programme of study links
read common exception words, noting unusual correspondences between spelling and sound and where these occur in the word
spell common exception words
write from memory simple sentences dictated by the teacher that include words using the GPCs and common exception words taught so far


text:
A new study suggests breast cancer patients who took the drugs Herceptin and Tykerb together were more than twice as likely to see their tumors shrink before surgery, reports CBCNews
During the study, 450 women receiving chemotherapy were also given Herceptin or Tykerb or a combination of the two. One half of the women taking the drugs together saw their tumors disappear, versus twenty percent of those taking the drug by themselves.
The drugs are designed to target a protein that is overproduced in one-fourth of breast cancers. Tykerb is a small molecule engineered to block the function of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, or HER2, and other proteins. It is widely believed that excessive HER2 leads to the growth of breast cancer.
"This study suggests that a dual blockade against HER2 is an efficient way to target HER2-positive breast tumors," said lead researcher Dr. Jose Baselga, chief of hematology and oncology at the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center.
The research is fantastic news for breast cancer patients who have caught their disease in the early stages. According to the American Cancer Society, women should begin yearly breast cancer screenings at age 40.