Historic papers reveal life of Edwardian schoolgirls
Forgotten archives show how young women were groomed in grammar and housewifery
Thousands of old photographs, exam papers, magazines and books unearthed from the cellars of some of the country's leading girls' schools have revealed a remarkable picture of school life in Victorian and Edwardian Britain.
File after file emerged after school heads were encouraged by the Girls' Schools Association to scour their buildings for historic documents. Among them were stories of girls taught to be dutiful housewives who could wash shirt cuffs properly and control household dust, and children as young as 11 sitting down to tough examinations in which they were expected to be able to draw maps of the physical geography of Australia and tackle questions of grammar such as identifying predicates in passages of writing.
The documents, which will be a goldmine for historians, also held accounts of university life from as early as 1883, when young women would fit tennis and tea parties around eight hours of study each day.
The initiative has only just been launched, but already thousands of photographs have been discovered, including sepia-tinted images of girls in long skirts and boaters with hockey sticks, sitting attentively and upright in assembly and attending lessons ranging from science and botany to how best to iron.
Independent schools such as the Cheltenham Ladies' College, Manchester High School for Girls, North London Collegiate, Wycombe Abbey and Queenswood are among those spearheading the project. The reams of information provide an amazing insight into the changing professions, values and family set-up for women over the decades.
'This is a huge historical resource that is untapped,' said Christine Joy, the archivist at Manchester High. 'We have a resource of national importance.'
In 1915, the 11-year-olds facing a geography exam were asked to make a sketch map showing the position of the Dardanelles and the adjoining seas and countries and to describe a journey from Moscow to Vladivostok, noting the chief products of each region.
Among the piles of papers were descriptions of political debates about the rights of women, similar to those happening today, according to Joy. There were school records for some of the leaders of the Suffragette movement and magazines filled with advice for women on how to break into law, medicine and academia.
For the less academic, there were also housewifery and secretarial courses. A 1910 syllabus on housewifery lists how women must learn to test the freshness of eggs, remove stains such as ink, coffee and tar and arrange a home laundry.
In a time when fees ranged from £3 to £5 a term, one module was entitled 'The housewife, her ideals, responsibilities and duties'. Girls were then taught how to dispose of kitchen refuse, spring-clean and manage servants.
There were records from universities as well. In 1883 a woman wrote a description of her life at Girton College, Cambridge, where she said it was not 'all work and no play'. After eight hours of study there was 'an ample margin for tennis, walks and other amusements, and also for social intercourse - tea parties being the favourite form of this latter'. At 10.30pm, she added, 'by common consent of the students, disturbing noises, such as piano playing, cease'.
The information is being seized on by historians. John Black, an academic at Bristol Business School, is using the papers to track when women began working in different professions.
'This can open the doors to wider knowledge than we had before,' said Black, who felt that the records would break down stereotypes that suggested middle-class women stayed at home in the early 20th century. 'Lots of women were focusing on "we have rights, too, we can have a career and be just as good as men".'
The information spans from the late 19th century up to the present. It shows how women moved from entering the 'caring' professions, such as teaching and social work, to becoming doctors and lawyers and in time successful businesswomen. There are also accounts of early successes, including one woman who was at school in the Thirties and went on to have four children and become a QC.
At the Cheltenham Ladies' College, principal Vicky Tuck said it was crucial schools kept hold of original objects and pictures. 'We make sure we are always putting new stuff in, because nowadays everything is stored in the computer,' Tuck said. 'When someone comes to write the history of the early 21st century, I wonder what will be there.'
Testing times: Some examination questions set for 11-year-olds in 1915
Give as nearly as possible the position of Alsace-Lorraine, Liege, the Marne, the Carpathians, Antwerp.
Name the chief seaports on the east coast of Great Britain. Give the chief exports and imports of any three of them.
Name the English sovereigns with their dates between 1689 and the present day.
Write a life of either Florence Nightingale or of Lord Roberts.


In the 1920s, businesses tricked shoppers by putting fake television sets in their windowsS
Although television sets wouldn't be mass produced in the United States until after WWII, by the 1920s, many Americans were already captivated by the idea of moving pictures broadcast into their homes. To capitalize on the interest in this not-quite-ready-for-primetime technology, some stores would actually set up fake television sets to lure shoppers to their windows.
Matt Novak of Paleofuture details a couple of methods for creating fake television displays, from the August 1926 issue of Science and Invention magazine. In the example above, a prerecorded filmstrip is broadcast against a screen in one section of the window, showing an actress making various movements and expressions. The actress herself sits in another part of the window, trying to mimic her prerecorded movements as best she can while seated in front of a fake camera (actually a lamplit funnel). The hope was that passersby wouldn't notice any discrepancies between the two performances and would believe that the "camera" was truly broadcasting the actress's face to the nearby projector.
Paleofuture explains another rather ingenious method of fake television creation, one that didn't require such an attentive actress.
In the 1920s, Shoppers Got Punk'd By Fake Televisions [Paleofuture]


Teco Motor Oscillations
Description of the problem:
My Teco motor is oscillating back and forth (humming / screeching).
Try changing the notch filter parameter inside the Teco drives to reduce harmonics.
 1. Press the [Mode] button until you see CN001
 2. Use the up and down arrow keys to set it to CN013
 3. Hold down the [Enter] key until the drive enters the parameter
 Note: Start by setting it to 500. Adjust by 50 at a time. You can use any value from 0-1000.
 4. After you update the parameter, hold down [Enter] again until it goes back to CN013.
 5. Then cycle power to the drive and your setting will be updated
 6. Continue adjusting the parameter until the oscillations cease
Note - This is for reference only, not to be used unless specific instruction is given: CN014 can be widened (lowered) to allow greater range of acceptance for positioning. This will directly affect CN013 setting and should not be used until CN013 adjustments are proven to not be enough tolerance for the application.


text:
Each message can have various labels assigned to it as a means of classification. Each label has a name; different names are different labels. Any given label is either present or absent on a particular message. A few label names have standard meanings and are given to messages automatically by Rmail when appropriate; these special labels are called attributes. (See Rmail Attributes.) All other labels are assigned only by users.
The a (
rmail-add-label) and k
rmail-kill-label) commands allow you to assign or remove any
label on the current message. If the label argument is empty, it
means to assign or remove the same label most recently assigned or
Once you have given messages labels to classify them as you wish, there are three ways to use the labels: in moving, in summaries, and in sorting.
C-M-n labels
rmail-next-labeled-message) moves to the next message that has
one of the labels labels. The argument labels specifies
one or more label names, separated by commas. C-M-p
rmail-previous-labeled-message) is similar, but moves
backwards to previous messages. A numeric argument to either command
serves as a repeat count.
The command C-M-l labels
rmail-summary-by-labels) displays a summary containing only the
messages that have at least one of a specified set of labels. The
argument labels is one or more label names, separated by commas.
See Rmail Summary, for information on summaries.
If the labels argument to C-M-n, C-M-p or C-M-l is empty, it means to use the last set of labels specified for any of these commands.
See Rmail Sorting, for information on sorting messages with labels.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


8 Surprising Traits of a Middle Child
via bluestone: The 12th of August is the official day of the middle child. We couldn't let the day go by without celebrating what makes them great! Here are 8 traits that prove it pays to be the middle child:
1. Exceptional negotiators
It isn't unusual for a middle child to become a master of negotiation. Without the leverage of being "the oldest" or "the youngest", they will often use the art of negotiation to get their own way.
2. Great leaders
Historically, middle children have proven to be very successful leaders. Did you know that 52% of all US presidents have been a middle child? That includes former presidents Abraham Lincoln and John F Kennedy!
3. Admirably empathetic
The experience of being both a younger and older sibling makes it easier for middle children to emphasise. This often makes them the peacemaker or "glue" that holds the family together.
4. Beautifully Creative
It's not uncommon for a middle child to look for adventurous ways to express themselves. This often leads them to becoming very creative and innovative people.
5. Refreshingly Laid back
By the time the second child comes along, parents are often more comfortable with their parenting style. This often makes for a more relaxed upbringing and a "laid back" second child.
6. Inspiringly Open Minded
Closeness to an older and younger sibling allows them to engage with different interests and opinions from an early age. This exposure leads them to become more accepting and open minded individuals.
7. Amazingly Ambitious
Middle children will often strive for greatness and grow into very ambitious adults. Just ask co-founder of Microsoft and number 1 on the Forbes rich list; Bill Gates!
8. Wonderfully Independent
Whilst the oldest and youngest siblings are used to getting the most attention, middle children become fiercely independent and capable.
So that's our 8 traits that make middle children so great! Of course there are many more but next time you hear the term "middle child syndrome", you'll know that it is in no way an insult!
CATEGORY: Kids Development
Editorial Team
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Sentence Modeling with the Masters
Minilesson Print
Sentence Modeling with the Masters
Stamp of Mark Twain
Olga Popova/
You can learn a lot about writing by studying the work of your favorite authors, journalists, and bloggers. When you come across a sentence you especially like, try writing your own sentence in the same pattern. This process is called "sentence modeling."
 1. Find a sentence that you especially like.
 2. Master: Perfectionism is the voice of the oppressor, the enemy of the people.
 —Anne Lamott, from Bird by Bird
 3. Select a subject for your writing.
 4. Subject: Music
 5. Follow the author's pattern as you write about your own subject.
 6. Model: Music is the voice of the dreamer, the language of the heart.
 7. Build your sentence one small section at a time.
 —Harper Lee, from To Kill a Mockingbird
 Model: The old baseball diamond looked as it had for years, beaten and brown, but each time we took that field we felt a familiar feeling. Joy.
Use sentence modeling to experiment with style, but don't overdo it. You don't want to adopt someone else's style completely.
Your Turn Model the following sentences using topics of your own choosing.
 1. Grown-ups are complicated creatures, full of quirks and secrets.
 —Roald Dahl, from Danny, the Champion of the World
 2. He goes out onto his baseball field, spins around second base, and looks back at the academy.
 —John McPhee from The Headmaster
 3. Mistakes, mistakes, it's all I seem capable of at times.
 —Markus Zusak, from The Book Thief
 4. Jeff couldn't see the musician clearly, just a figure on a chair on the stage, holding what looked like a misshapen guitar.
 —Cynthia Voigt from A Solitary Blue
 5. Good books, good friends, and a sleepy conscience: this is the ideal life.
 —Mark Twain from Life on the Mississippi
From page 105 in Writers Express
From the blog post "Sentence Modeling"
Teacher Support:
Click to find out more about this resource.
Answer Key:
Answers will vary.
Standards Correlations:
© 2021 Thoughtful Learning. Copying is permitted.


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Discharge Blower Reverse Flow
Discharge Blower Reverse Flow
Discharge Blower Reverse Flow
In discussion with my colleagues regarding the possibility of installing a dilution air blower on a vent stack, the following question arose:
Let's say a dilution blower is provided that has a deadhead pressure of, say, 3 psig, and the vent stack is in the middle of relieving an emergency event. The relief event is such that the stack pressure is 10 psig at the inlet due to the relieving gas flow (close to where the dilution air blower would discharge into the stack).
My colleagues seemed to think that by providing a "Y" connection would somehow prevent backflow through the blower. I contended that unless the stack were provided with some kind of venturi or other design to accelerate the gas and drop local pressure below 3 psig, the blower would experience back-flow through it.
My overall contention and understanding of a blower is that if discharge pressure is higher than the deadhead pressure, it will experience backflow.
RE: Discharge Blower Reverse Flow
Would agree with your predictions on this.
RE: Discharge Blower Reverse Flow
It depends; what amount of momentum will the gas have as it passes the location of the dilution blower. For it to take a different path it needs to change direction; what will cause that direction change? Now, if the tube was capped so there was no flow it would be obvious that the 10 psi source would vent into the 3 psi area, but once it's moving it really depends on the geometry.
An interesting example I came across recently is the Tesla valve which is essentially a solid state diode to gas flow.
RE: Discharge Blower Reverse Flow
3Ddave: The 10 psig pressure would be the driving force. The vent is already providing a significant resistance to flow.
RE: Discharge Blower Reverse Flow
So you've calculated the velocity? I missed where you did that step.
RE: Discharge Blower Reverse Flow
3DDave - I believe that the velocity is immaterial if the gauge pressure that is read at the point of the dilution air entry is 10 psig. The only way velocity would matter is if the air stream at 10 psig upstream of the dilution air entry were accelerated via a venturi, which could drop the gauge pressure reading to sub-3 psig at the entry point of the dilution air. This stack is intended to be a straight pipe, so I'm not seeing how velocity plays into this.
You seem to be saying that even if I had this Y connection, but it discharged to atmosphere (no blower), there would be no flow through it because the momentum of the relieving stream would prevent the gas from "turning around". I find that to be an unbelievable assertion. Adding a blower to that pipe only changes the static pressure the gas flow is fighting against. You are essentially asserting, if I understand you correctly, that gases will not always flow from high pressure to low pressure. If that is a fundamental error on my part, please explain why.
We are currently designing this stack to handle a range of relief conditions, and dilution air is one means of achieving sufficient velocity for dispersion for some of the smaller relief cases. This question arose during that discussion regarding what kind/pressure the blower would be needed.
RE: Discharge Blower Reverse Flow
I agree that there would be backflow. I don't see why a Y shape would avoid that.
Rio de Janeiro - Brazil
RE: Discharge Blower Reverse Flow
If you were talking about 3 psig deadhead and say 3.2 psig at the Y, your colleagues might have a point as it would act to a certain extent like a venturi.
But not 10 psig. No way.
without an NRV suitably rated you will get backflow.
Remember - More details = better answers
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text:
How is pectus excavatum diagnosed?
Pectus excavatum is usually diagnosed with a physical examination. X-rays of the chest can be helpful, as well.
Other tests your child's doctor might recommend include:
Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) — a test that records the electrical activity of your child's heart, shows abnormal rhythms and detects heart muscle stress
Echocardiogram (echo) — a test that evaluates the structure and function of your child's heart by using sound waves recorded on an electronic sensor that produces a moving picture of the heart and heart valves
- Pulmonary function test (PFT) — a test that gives your child's doctor information about how well his lungs are working
After we complete all necessary tests, Boston Children's experts will meet to review and discuss what they have learned. Then we will meet with you and your family to discuss the results and outline the best treatment options for your child.


text:
Apple has applied for a new patent which covers a series of measures to protect iPhone users from thieves and unauthorized users. Using the technology in the patent titled "Systems and Methods for Identifying Unauthorized Users of an Electronic Device", Apple can identify users based on their images, voice recording and even their unique heartbeat patterns. If any of these don't match, the user can be flagged as an unauthorized user and the iPhone's camera can be activated, the captured images can be geotagged and sent to a remote server. It can also log keystrokes and phone calls and send it back to the remote server.
All the sensitive data of the user can also be backed up to a remote server and then deleted remotely, once unauthorized access is detected.
What's alarming about the patent is that some of the methods it uses to identify unauthorized access include hacking, jailbreaking and unlocking the iPhone. Jailbreaking the iPhone allows you to gain full access to the file system and run any code you want, as opposed to apps approved by Apple only. Using the technology described in the patent, Apple could automatically disable jailbroken or unlocked iPhones citing unauthorized usage.
Jailbreaking and Unlocking were recently declared to be legal by the regulators in the United States.
Check out the complete patent filing here: USPTO


Neutralizing Ring
This ring is all about clearing. We are literally pulling out negative energy and attachments. You can use one ring or two depending on how quickly you want to move. Depending on the strength of the attachments, you can pull from 6 to 9 layers of structuring.
The 4" ring is great for very local types of issues like bodily pain however the 9" ring, made with sacred geometry (on a nodal point), gives you a resonant opening frequency higher than any other shape. It also makes it possible to work the body much faster and completely smoke the auric field for a floating effect.
Want to go for a ride? Stand on two 4" rings and clear your entire body in just seconds
 This protocol is only one of the many uses for the ring. Its uses include clearing non-organic material in food and water, reducing pain or preventing energy absorption from clients.
Test the heaviness before and after to notice the clearing.
Step 1. Clear vertically (flat along the body) within 1" of the body in order to clear the first zone and pull out the negative structuring from the first layer in your cells. Move along the body from the feet to just above the head on all sides.
Step 2. Clear zone 2 which is about 1 foot away from the body and you do this by making your ring perpendicular to the body and again move from the feet to just over the head on all sides. Do a pass vertical along each side as well as perpendicular.
Step 3. Clear zone 3 which is about 6 feet away from the body. Do a sweep in this zone and notice how your client feels. It could be better to have them lying down as it is common for the client to feel unstable. Do a pass vertical along each side as well as perpendicular.
This will give you a total of 8 passes. If your client is lying down, you will need to call on the Devas to help you clear the zones (the part of the body that is in contact with the table).
Call on the Devas, the nature spirit that is connected to everything. For example, by simply saying to yourself or outloud, "I call on the Devas to work the back of the body as well". Because the rings have such high Devas, you are able to request what part of the body you wish to work on. This will expand the auric field and create a cleared presence. Practitioners will also get the work provided to the client
You might also like...


Message XbpWindow():xbeM_MbClick Foundation
Middle mouse button click.
:mbClick := {| aPos, uNIL, self |... }
:mbClick ( ) --> self
 is an array containing two elements { nX, nY } that specify the current position of the mouse pointer. By default the coordinates are relative to the lower left corner of the parent.
This method returns the object executing the method (self).
The xbeM_MbClick event is generated when the Xbase Part is clicked with the middle mouse button (the button is pressed and immediately released). If the key is held down too long, the xbeM_MbUp event is generated instead of xbeM_MbClick. The xbeM_MbUp event indicates that the mouse button was released. contains the current position of the mouse pointer and corresponds to the first message parameter of the function AppEvent().


text:
The following tests were developed by Simon Baron-Cohen, director of the Autism Research Centre at the University of Cambridge.
The Empathy Quotient (EQ) Test I scored 75 out of 80
65-80 = You have a very high ability for understanding how other people feel and responding appropriately. You know how to treat people with care and sensitivity. On average, most women score about 47 and most men about 42
Come on Quatre. let's go have tea.
The Systemizing Quotient (SQ) Test I scored (Man I suck) I got 17 out of 80
0-19 = You have a lower than average ability for analyzing and exploring a system. On Average women score about 24 and men score about 30
My Brain Type: Extreme Type E
For some individuals, empathizing is stronger than systemizing. This is called the female brain, or a brain of type E.
The extreme female brain has yet to be discovered according to Baron-Cohen. The extreme male brain may be a manifestation of autism.
A key feature of the theory is that your sex cannot tell you which type of brain you have. Not all men have the male brain, and not all women have the female brain. The central claim of this new theory is only that on average, more males than females have a brain of type S, and more females than males have a brain of type E.
Take them BOTH HERE

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Posted: Feb 28 2020
We are excited to be carrying Magna-Tiles, the original 3D magnetic building tiles by Valtech since 1997. With so many ways to learn, play and create, Magna-Tiles are a great addition to any toy room. The magnets are safely secured inside of each shape. These durable tiles are made with food-grade ABS (BPA FREE) plastic which is free of phthalates and latex. They can even be fully submerged in water for cleaning.
Here are some ideas for using your Magna Tiles:
Name Those Shapes
Having children identify shapes is just one way you can use Magna-Tiles to teach children math concepts. From sorting and counting to angles and geometry, children of all ages can learn the math skills they need while creating fun Magna-Tiles creations.
Explore Science Concepts
Magna-Tiles are a lot harder to knock over than traditional building blocks thanks to each tile having magnets on all sides. Children can start learning about magnetic principles, gravity, and other science concepts as soon as the tiles come out of the box.
Build 3-D Structures
Children will also learn basic engineering skills as they use Magna-Tiles to build a variety of simple and complex 3-D structures.
Whether they're building a house or their own unique design, children can use Magna-Tiles to create a variety of structures and designs. You can also ask children to come up with fun stories about the structures they're building to help them practice their literacy skills.
Develop Fine Motor Skills
Magna-Tiles also serve as a great manipulative for children, because they can have fun building structures as they develop the fine motor skills they need.
Teach Critical Thinking
Learning how to build a variety of Magna-Tiles creations will help children develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills.
So how will you play with yours?


text:
ONLINE CHAT SERVER PROJECT REPORT
||ONLINE CHAT SERVER PROJECT REPORT
ONLINE CHAT.docx (Size: 385.99 KB / Downloads: 25)
The simplest computer chatting is a method of sending, receiving, and storing typed messages with a network of users. This network could be WAN (Wide Area Network) or LAN(Local Area Network). Our chatting system will deal only with LAN's (static IP address) and it is made up of two applications one runs on the server side (any computer on the network you choose it to be the server) while the other is delivered and executed on the client PC. Every time the client wants to chat he runs the client application, enter his user name and password where the server application is running, and hits the connect button and start chatting.
The system is many-to-many arrangement; every–one is able to "talk" to anyone else. Messages may be broadcasted to all receivers (recipients are automatically notified of incoming messages) or sent to special individuals (private chatting through server). Java is our programming language, TCP/IP is our network protocol, and finally windows sockets, RMI (Remote Method Invocation), and RTP (Real Time Transport Protocol) are our programming interface to have access to network functionality. This is a first glance at my senior project and the rest of explanations and ideas are eagerly waiting for you in the next chapters.
Systems analysis is the process of examining a business situation for the purpose of developing a system solution to a problem or devising improvements to such a situation. Before the development of any system can begin, a project proposal is prepared by the users of the potential system and/or by systems analysts and submitted to an appropriate managerial structure within the organization. So the objective of the system analysis phase is the establishment of the requirements for the system to be acquired, developed and installed. For this system analyst should develop alternative system and evaluate each in terms of cost, benefit and feasibility.
Requirements analysis encompasses those tasks that go into determining the requirements of a new or altered system, taking account of the possibly conflicting requirements of the various stakeholders, such as users. Requirements analysis is critical to the success of project. Systematic requirement analysis is also known as requirements engineering.
An existing system is one which does the same functionality as the one proposed. But there is no such system which provides the same functionality as the one proposed. In the present chat server systems like yahoo messenger, etc the video chatting is achieved by capturing the video from user device/web camera and capture the current still image from webcam and store this image to server. Then the other end user read this image from server for viewing the webcam of his partner. The main disadvantage/problem of this system is it consists of excessive write and read operations so time delay will occur for video chatting.
The proposed system overcomes all the above-mentioned problems. The proposed system is much helpful for the users. The system is to be implemented using the JAVA programming language. In proposed system we used a new protocol for audio, video transmission.That's RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol).Using this protocol each users can conduct video conferencing without any delay because RTP don't need the excessive write and read operations. We just stream the user's webcam, audio device to a specific port in the server. Then the other users can view the webcam by receiving the RTP Stream from the Server. So there is no need of storage's it will fast and we will get the real-time webcam streams without any delay. This RTP protocol will use for live video, audio broadcasting.
The prime objective of feasibility study is to ensure that the problem is worth to be solved. At this stage a cost benefit analysis is performed to assertion that the benefit from the system will over rule the cost associated with the whole analysis, design and development of the new system. An important outcome of the preliminary investigation determining whether the system required is feasible.
Feasibility study is a test of proposed system regarding its efficiency, impact on the organization, ability to meet the needs of users and effective use of resources. Thus, when a new project is proposed, it normally goes through a feasibility study before it is approved for development.
All the projects are given unlimited resources and infinite time. Unfortunately, the development process of a computer-based system is time bound. Feasibility and risk analysis are related in many ways. If project risk is great, the feasibility of producing the quality software is reduced. There are three aspects in the feasibility study portion of the preliminary investigation.
Java is a programming language originally developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems (which is now a subsidiary of Oracle Corporation) and released in 1995 as a core component of Sun Microsystems' Java platform. The language derives much of its syntax from C and C++ but has a simpler object model and fewer low-level facilities. Java applications are typically compiled to byte code (class file) that can run on any Java Virtual Machine (JVM) regardless of computer architecture. Java is a general-purpose, concurrent, class-based, object-oriented language that is specifically designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. It is intended to let application developers "write once, run anywhere". Java is currently one of the most popular programming languages in use, and is widely used from application software to web applications.
The NetBeans IDE is a modular, standards-based, integrated development environment (IDE) written in the Java programming language. The NetBeans project consists of an open source IDE and an application platform, which can be used as a generic framework to build any kind of application. The NetBeans IDE is written in Java and can run anywhere a JVM is installed, including Windows, Mac OS, Linux, and Solaris.
Design is the first step in the development phase for any engineered product or system. It may be defined as: " the process of applying or a various techniques and principles for the purpose of defining a device, a process or a system in sufficient detail to permit its physical realization ''. Computer software design like engineering design in other disciplines changes continually as new methods, better analysis, and broader understanding evolve.
Using one of a number of design methods the design step produces a data design, an architectural design and a procedural design. Preliminary design is concerned with transformation requirements to data and software architectures. Details design focus on refinements to architectural representation that lead to detailed data structure and algorithmic representation for software. The data design transforms the information domain model created during analysis in to the data structures that will be required to implement the software. The architectural design defines the relationship among major structural components in to a procedural description of the software.
The implementation stage of the software development is the process of converting a system specification into an executable system. Implementation is the process in which the theoretical design is changed into working system. The system can be implemented only after completing the testing. During implementation the software design is realized as a set of programs or program units. During implementation, each component of the design is implemented as program modules and each of these program modules are undergoing a unit testing. The end product of this phase is a set of program modules that have been individually tested.
Data Validation Testing:
At the culmination of integration testing software is completely assembled as a package. Interfacing errors have been uncovered and corrected and a final series of software test-validation testing begins. Validation testing can be defined in many ways, but a simple definition is that validation succeeds when the software functions in manner that is reasonably expected by the customer. The software is completely assembled as a package. After the validation testing, I got the result that the system completely satisfies the user needs. For this, I entered a user name that already exists in the registration table. Then I got the message that the user name already exists, enter another user id. Thus I confirmed that data validation takes place in this system. The fields which are mandatory should be filled by the user. Otherwise the values cannot be entered into the tables.


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González Espitia, Juan Carlos
A History of the Writerly Pox in the Eighteenth-Century Hispanic World Juan Carlos González Espitia
Syphilis was a prevalent affliction in the era of the Americas' colonization, creating widespread anxiety that is indicated in the period's literature across numerous fields. Reflecting Spaniards' political prejudices of the period, it was alternately labeled "mal francés" or "el mal de las Indias... More


text:
Phorid Humpbacked Fly
- Closely resemble the fruit fly, but the body has a distinct humped back when viewed from the side
- Are particularly fond of decaying animals as a site to lay their eggs
- Are poor fliers and will often run and can be identified by their erratic flight
The Phorid Humpbacked fly is a small fly that is sometimes confused for a fruit fly or a gnat. They are poor fliers and sometimes called the scuttle fly because it often runs from threats instead of flying. They are frequently found in kitchens around trash cans and clogged drains. The first step in removing these flies is to maintain a clean environment to prevent these flies from laying eggs.
These flies are being studied as a hopeful means of fire ant control. They are known to lay their eggs actually within the fire ant and the larvae feeds upon its host upon hatching. Populations of Phorid flies have proven to be quite effective and are being introduced in various areas to control fire ant populations. However flies within the home should be removed. Please call a pest control professional today to learn more.


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Fabrication and Characterization of a Novel Bioactive Poly(ether-ether-ketone) Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering (Poster)
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It is widely accepted that the initial interactions between the cells and implant surface are crucial to clinical success. One of the promising alternative materials for tissue engineering is polyetheretherketone (PEEK) which has good chemical resistance and mechanical properties similar to those of human bones. However, its hydrophobic and chemically inert surface limits local bone attachment. Consequently, there have been efforts to enhance PEEK bone-implant integration by incorporating molecules (such as HA) or making it porous. Regarding to the latest, this study aims to demonstrate a process that can greatly enhance the density and interconnectivity of a PEEK porous product (US2012323339). Moreover, a novel surface modification through wet-chemistry protocol has been developed for RGD and OGP (osteogenic growth peptide) grafting onto porous PEEK scaffolds (US2013172273). As a result, the production of porous structures manufactured by thermally induced phase...


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Expanding V-safe COVID-19 Vaccine Pregnancy Registry
- CDC needs data on COVID-19 vaccine safety for pregnant people.
- Abt collects information about pregnancy/birth outcomes for CDC.
- Abt provides data weekly to inform CDC's analyses.
COVID-19 may put pregnant people at risk for severe illness or death, but data are limited on the safety of COVID-19 vaccines for them. To monitor potential safety issues, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) created the v-safe COVID-19 Vaccine Pregnancy Registry to collect data on adverse outcomes such as miscarriage, stillbirth, and pregnancy complications. CDC's preliminary findings show that mRNA COVID-19 vaccines administered during pregnancy are safe. However, more data are needed to inform clinical and policy decisions.
Abt's call-center staff enroll vaccinated pregnant people into the registry to collect information about adverse outcomes following vaccination. Interviewers administer telephone surveys to participants once during each trimester, at the end of pregnancy, and when the newborn is three months old. Interviewers seek information about healthcare providers for the pregnant person and infant, which CDC uses to collect medical record data for a subset of registry participants. Interviewers enter all data in real-time into CDC's REDCap online data collection and management platform.
Abt generates weekly analytic datasets and call metrics dashboard reports to keep CDC apprised of study progress and provide data for ongoing analyses.


Nightfall Summary
Isaac Asimov
Everything you need to understand or teach Nightfall by Isaac Asimov.
 - Nightfall Summary & Study Guide
 - 1 Study Guide
 -...and more
Nightfall Summary
In 1941, John W. Campbell, Jr., editor of the premier science fiction magazine at that time, asked one of the fledgling writers he mentored an intriguing question: What would happen if people saw the stars only once every thousand years? He postulated that people would go mad and asked twenty one-year old Isaac Asimov to write a story about it. The result was "Nightfall," now one of the most famous science fiction stories of all...
(read more from the Study Guide)
Study Pack
The Nightfall Study Pack contains:
Nightfall Study Guide


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Jan 19, 2001, 2:39 PM
Post #1 of 1
(From the Perl FAQ)
How can I compare two dates and find the differenc
How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
If you're storing your dates as epoch seconds then simply subtract one from the other. If you've got a structured date (distinct year, day, month, hour, minute, seconds values) then use one of the Date::Manip and Date::Calc modules from CPAN.


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Paper cutouts are incredibly delicate. The slightest misstroke can cause them to crumple, rip and tear. If you've ever tried making a paper snowflake, you know how easy it is to accidentally bend or crease the paper. However, a scalpel is a precision tool used in surgeries (among other things) to slice through delicate tissue, so it also makes a great tool to make paper cutouts.
Here, you'll find some insanely intricate paper cutouts that were created using a scalpel. The artworks have immense detail and precision, so check these out!


Combustion Chemistry
The Combustion Chemistry Program, under the principal sponsorship of the Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Sciences, seeks to reveal the key chemical processes that underlie the complex mechanisms of combustion. The program emphasizes determining rates and mechanisms of chemical reactions, characterizing molecular structure and energetics, and developing full descriptions of chemical composition and evolution of combustion systems.


Access a VM Through Virtual Network Computing (VNC)
You can access the services and resources that an Oracle SOA Cloud Service VM provides by logging into the VM through VNC.
You can use any VNC client utility to access a VM. For example, if you are using Windows, you might use RealVNC or TightVNC; if you are using Linux, you might use the vncviewer utility included with your Linux distribution.
By default, the port used by the VNC server on a Oracle SOA Cloud Service VM is not directly accessible through the Internet. An SSH tunnel enables access to the VNC server port on your local machine. An SSH tunnel also ensures that VNC communication is using a secure channel.
In order create a VNC session on a VM, you must first identify the public IP address and connect to it with SSH:
 1. Use the ssh command to connect to the VM:
 ssh -i private_key opc@VM_IP_address
 2. Change to the oracle user:
 sudo su - oracle
 The oracle VM user has regular OS user permissions. It is intended to be used to start and stop Oracle products that have been installed on the VM, or to run other Oracle applications and utilities on the VM.
 3. Disable the desktop screensaver lock for this user:
 gconftool-2 -s -t bool /apps/gnome-screensaver/lock_enabled false
 This Linux property controls whether or not the desktop prompts you for the user's password when in screensaver mode.
 4. Start the VNC server on the VM:
 vncserver :1 -nolisten tcp -localhost -geometry 1680x1050
 Use the following command to confirm if the VNC server started:
 ps -ef|grep vncserver
 The VNC server is not directly accessible from clients outside of this VM. An SSH tunnel will be used to enable external and secure access to the VNC server.
 By default, the listen port for VNC session :1 is 5901, session :2 is 5902, and so on.
 If your local machine has a smaller display resolution, use a different geometry setting such as 1024x768.
 5. When prompted, enter a password for this VNC session.
 6. Disconnect from the VM.
 7. Create an SSH tunnel to localhost:5901 on the VM.
 ssh -i path_to_private_key -L 5901:localhost:5901 opc@VM_IP_address -N
 For example:
 ssh -i /home/myuser/id_rsa -L 5901:localhost:5901 opc@ -N
 8. Launch your VNC client application and connect to localhost:5901.
 9. When prompted, enter the password that you previously configured for this VNC session.
You can use VNC to work with any resource accessible from the VM, including graphical applications. For example, you can launch the Fusion Middleware Configuration Wizard application on the Administration Server VM.
After your VNC work is complete, you can perform a C to shut down the SSH tunnel.
To terminate the VNC server on the VM, run vncserver —kill :1.


The West
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The West
Since its premiere on PBS in September 1996, The West has rightfully assumed its place as a milestone event in television history, and remains the single most ambitious and authoritative audio-visual history of the American West. Spanning centuries but focusing primarily on the period of 1800 to 1915, when America was virtually redefined by westward expansion, this outstanding 12.5-hour film is itself a triumphant effort to redefine Americans' collective understanding of the West and its impact on national identity. Directed by Stephen Ives and executive produced by Ken… More
Directed By


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For the more information about the air resources of the National Park Service, please visit _URL_
Ramsey Canyon is a stream-cut, vertical-sided gorge. Cold air drainage from the upper canyon results in a well-defined microclimatic habitat that supports Mexican flora and fauna and plants that normally occur only at higher elevations. The site is also frequented by more species of hummingbirds than any other area in the United States.
Location: Cochise County, AZ
Year designated: 1965
For additional information see:
Please remember, National Natural Landmarks (NNLs) are not national parks. NNL status does not indicate public ownership, and many sites are not open for visitation.
Last Updated: June 28, 2012


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FRITZ A. LIPMAN, BIOCHEMIST, DIES
Dr. Fritz Albert Lipmann, a biochemist whose research provided the basis for understanding how cells convert food into energy, died yesterday at St. Francis Hospital in Poughkeepsie, N.Y., after a short illness. He was 87 years old and lived in Rhinebeck, N.Y. In 1953, Dr. Lipmann was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Sir Hans Adolph Krebs, a British biochemist, for the discovery of coenzyme A, one of the most important substances in the body's metabolism. The substance aids in converting fatty acids, steroids, amino acids and hemoglobins into energy.
Correction: August 16, 1986, Saturday, Late City Final Edition


Richard King "The Lark Ascending"
Over the course of the twentieth century, The Lark Ascending by Ralph Vaughan Williams is the piece of music that has come to define the mythical concept of the English countryside, with its babbling brooks and skylarks. Yet, the landscape is not really an unaffected utopia, but a living, working and occasionally rancorous environment that has forged a nation's musical personality. On a journey that takes us from post-war poets and artists to the free party scene embraced by the acid house and travelling communities, Richard King explores how Britain's history and identity have been shaped by the mysterious relationship between music and nature.
Paperback, 368 pages.
Lisa ostukorvi12 €


WELS Endowment Funds
An endowment is a permanent fund in which gifts are invested. The income from the fund is then used to meet ongoing expenses year after year for perpetuity. WELS has two main endowment funds that provide ongoing and increased financial support to synod missions and ministerial education.
WELS Missions Endowment Fund
This endowment supports the continued proclamation of the gospel to people in our nation and the world by WELS missions programs. Donations can be made to the WELS Missions Endowment or to the Home Missions or World Missions sub-fund.
WELS Ministerial Education Endowment Fund
This endowment provides direct and indirect financial assistance to students preparing to serve in the public ministry of WELS and to continue the quality training provided by WELS ministerial education schools. Donations can be made to the Ministerial Education Endowment or to one of the sub-funds set up for each ministerial education school.
So why did WELS establish these endowments?
1. WELS programs of mission and ministry are long-term programs requiring continuing and predictable financial support. These endowments provide needed financial stability.
2. Economies change. In strong economies gifts increase and ministry expands. In weak economies gifts decrease and ministry is reduced, often adversely affecting what has been accomplished. These endowments provide a needed financial buffer.
3. The ministry and mission programs of WELS are very inflation sensitive. Because items such as health care, utilities, and insurance are rising faster than inflation, cost of maintaining ministry programs rises approximately two percent above inflation annually. These endowments provided needed additional income.
4. Endowments meet the desire of many WELS members. They want to give the Lord substantial gifts through their Christian estate plans. They want WELS to be able to use those gifts wisely. Endowments meet these desires.
How do I include these endowments in my giving?
We welcome all gifts—current and deferred, whatever the size—and give thanks to God for all of them! We continue to emphasize Congregation Mission Offerings and thank you for your support of CMO through your congregation.
Thank you for considering a gift to help WELS proclaim the life-changing, soul-saving gospel of Jesus Christ to the world.
WELS has Christian giving counselors all over the country that can help you meet your Christian giving goals.


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Indianism (in Portuguese: Indianismo) is a Brazilian literary and artistic movement that reached its peak during the first stages of Romanticism, though it had been present in Brazilian literature since the Baroque period.
In Romantic contexts, it is called "the first generation of Brazilian Romanticism", being succeeded by the "Ultra-Romanticism" and the "Condorism".
After the independence of Brazil from Portugal in 1822, a heavy wave of nationalism spread through the Brazilian people. Inspired by this, poets and writers began to search for an entity that could represent and personify the newly created Brazilian nation.
Since there was no Middle Ages in Brazil, it could not be the knight, as in the European chivalric romances; it could not be the Portuguese man either, since Brazilians still held resentment for the years of colonization; it could not be the black man either, since the mentality of the time did not allow it. Influenced by Enlightenment ideals, especially works by Jean-Jacques Rousseau and the "noble savage" myth, the authors chose the Brazilian Indian to represent the new nation.
Indianist works are characterized by always having an Indian as the protagonist. The poetry is very patriotic and nationalistic, exalting Brazilian fauna, flora, riches and people.


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extroversion (usually uncountable, plural extroversions)
- (psychology) Concern with or an orientation toward others or what is outside oneself; behavior expressing such an orientation; the definitive characteristic of an extrovert.
- 1999, Ben Brantley, "'The Dead': a Musical That Dares to be Quiet," New York Times, 29 Oct.:
- In a genre characterized by brassy extroversion, The Dead is a quiet revolutionary: a musical that dares to be diffident.
- The condition of being extrorse, or turned wrong side out.
- extroversion of the bladder
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Dunglison to this entry?)
- (concern with or an orientation toward others): sociability
- (concern with or an orientation toward others): introversion
concern with or an orientation toward others


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Issue Date: July 8, 2013
Green Aminations Without Palladium
One of the largest classes of reactions used in medicinal chemistry is the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of aryl halides with amines to make N-arylamines. During the past 20 years, this efficient method has largely replaced the classical nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) approach to N-arylations. One team of researchers is now suggesting that chemists have become so dependent on palladium-catalyzed N-arylations that they blindly use the method without giving SNAr a chance. Katie Walsh and Christopher J. Moody at the University of Nottingham, in England, and Helen F. Sneddon of GlaxoSmithKline note that heteroaryl substrates such as chloropyrimidines and chloropyrazines are highly reactive via SNAr, more so than chlorobenzene, and don't need a palladium catalyst. With their thoughts on green chemistry, the researchers set out to optimize SNAr reactions of the heteroaryl chlorides (ChemSusChem 2013, DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201300239). They found that using potassium fluoride as a base and water as the solvent leads to N-arylamines in yields comparable with the palladium-catalyzed method and avoids the palladium catalyst, phosphine ligand, and organic solvent.
- Chemical & Engineering News
- ISSN 0009-2347
- Copyright © American Chemical Society


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A new resolution on energy-efficiency regulation of ships was adopted at the 65th session of the Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) of the International Maritime Organization (IMO),...
The charted position of a wreck buoy will usually be offset from the actual geographic position so that the wreck and buoy symbols do not coincide. Only on the largest scale chart will the actual and charted positions of both wreck and buoy be the same. Where they might overlap, it is the wreck symbol which occupies the exact charted position and the buoy symbol which is offset.
Wreck buoys are required to be placed by the owner of the wreck, but they may be placed by the Coast Guard if the owner is unable to comply with this requirement. In general, privately placed aids are not as reliable as Coast Guard aids.
Sunken wrecks are sometimes moved away from their buoys by storms, currents, freshets, or other causes. Just as shoals may shift away from the buoys placed to mark them, wrecks may shift away from wreck buoys.


Jambolan Information | Evidenced-Based Supplement Guide on MedicineNet.com - How does Jambolan work?
How does Jambolan work?
Jambolan seed and bark contains chemicals that might lower blood sugar, but extracts from jambolan leaf and fruit don't seem to affect blood sugar. Jambolan also contains chemicals that might have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
Are there safety concerns?
Jambolan is possibly safe for most people, but the potential side effects are not known.
Do not use jambolan if:
 - You are pregnant or breast-feeding.
 - You are scheduled for surgery in the next two weeks.
Therapeutic Research Faculty copyright
Report Problems to the Food and Drug Administration


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Commercial places like shipyards or dockyards are leveraged to operate in fierce conditions. They are prone to experience heavy winds, storms, and splashes of seawater and thus, require a robust lighting solution that can withstand the harsh weather conditions. This is where the idea of Tri-proof LED lighting comes into play. It is an innovative lighting approach that favours safety, security, and stability in commercial spaces that are vulnerable to extreme working conditions.
"Tri" in tri-proof LED lighting represents a numerical prefix three. It means that the lighting solution shares resistance against three nemesis of commercial lighting solutions i.e. water, dust, and corrosion. Simply put, Tri-proof LED lighting are LED lighting solutions or LED luminaires that are water-resistant, dust-resistant, and corrosion-resistant. They are specially designed with anti-corrosive materials and ensure supreme performance in challenging spaces.
Here are some benefits of tri-proof LED lights:
- Comprehensive protection
Tri-proof LED lights are completely protected against elements or factors that can harm the LED luminaire. They are dust-proof, anti-corrosion, and completely safe against water damage. These three integrated resistances provide comprehensive protection and make them perfect for installation in harsh environments. The anti-corrosive materials used in the LED luminaire postpone the reactions between the device and environmental elements (oxygen, alkalis, and solvents). Moreover, tight sealing and robust external covering save the circuit, drivers, and other critical components of an LED luminaire from dust and water damage.
- Long life
Comprehensive protection against water, dust, and corrosion contributes significantly to improving the service life of the LED luminaire. LED lighting solutions already have the longest life of almost 50,000 hours and these added protections complement the same. Moreover, they also ensure that the luminaire works perfectly well throughout its operational life and does not dim or lose its lighting output with time. They work perfectly fine and rarely experience any dip in performance due to environmental factors.
- Efficient and Sustainable
Tri-proof lights are LED lighting solutions that offer great benefits when it comes to sustainability and energy efficiency. Despite boasting a complex build with anti-corrosive and water-resistant materials, these LED luminaires do not contain any materials or substances (like CFL contains mercury) that are harmful to human health or the environment. Moreover, they convert almost 95% of the electricity into illumination and waste merely 5% as heat. This encourages sustainable use of energy and savings on energy bills.
Tri-proof LED lights are of great advantage when a commercial space is aiming for energy efficiency, security, and sustainability simultaneously. They boast a robust build and are highly suitable for a host of commercial spaces like warehouses, storage facilities, manufacturing plants, open parking lots, etc. However, it is critical that you buy LED luminaires offered by trusted LED lighting manufacturers like Wipro Lighting.
Tell us how we can improve?


author Wuzzy
Thu, 27 Apr 2017 15:54:28 +0100
changeset 998 f6ed8749f20b
parent 749 db0eeafa0cdf
child 1422 a6f2064e67a5
permissions -rw-r--r--
GearTypes: Add gtDuck
_TAG_ Importing an SVG into Hedgewars
= Importing from SVG files =
== Introduction ==
This is a quick and dirty description of converting an SVG into hedgewars HWMAP format. It is not at all pretty. Hopefully someone will make a prettier process. It currently makes use of Inkscape, vim, perl, g++ and a bit of manual labour. It looks best in 0.9.18+ which makes use of the variable brush size (the examples below use the second smallest size, 16px wide)
== Details ==
Open Inkscape.
Go to File->Inkscape Preferences and make sure that
 * SVG Output->Allow relative coordinates is unchecked
 * Transforms->Store transformation is set to Optimized
Open an SVG. Ideally one of simple line art, without too much use of fill or filters.
1) Select all in the image and choose ungroup, then combine all paths in the drawing (select them, then choose Path->Combine).
Note. I had some difficulty doing that with some images even after repeated use of ungroup. I ended up just going into the SVG file and deleting all the groups. This usually happens if there are filters in place. Removing all the g tags but keeping the paths inside the groups in the SVG in a text editor might be faster than cleaning up in Inkscape.
Also, some paths might be worth eliminating altogether. In order to get a better idea of what it'll look like, try: View->Display Mode->Outline. To simulate occluding, you can try combining individual paths first, and using union to combine into larger groups. This takes a bit more work. If it still doesn't look right, you're going to have to go in and delete nodes, and generally rework the shape to simulate occlusion.
2) Go to File->Document Properties and specify 4096 for W and 2048 for H. You may want to then reposition the art to be more centred vertically or horizontally.
3) Click on the path, and choose dimensions for W and H that would look good in the game (no more than 4096 for W and 2048 for H). The Lock button may be helpful here. Generally resize it and reposition it using the document white area as a guide to how it will look on the in-game drawing area, then save and quit.
4) Open in a text editor and verify there is one path. Change sodipodi:namedview's ID attribute to id="base" - this is to work around a bug in the current stable Inkscape ( extensions tool which was crashing it. This is probably fixed in 0.48.4. Note that I haven't tested this workaround. su_v says this is the correct way to do it because apparently id="base" is a reserved name for namedview in sodipodi - which seems like a rather common and collision-likely name. I had misread him and changed the path's id to base, and that seemed to work fine. If changing namedview doesn't work, try renaming the path instead.
Make sure all those groups are removed.
5) Open the file in Inkscape again, Click on the path again, then go to Extensions->Modify Path->Flatten Beziers and flatten out the curves to your taste. Default of 10 seems fine most of the time, but for small curved objects you might want something like 5. Keep in mind, the more the approximation, the more points that Hedgewars has to draw, which can be rough on the engine and network communication, then save and quit.
6) Edit the file, and delete everything but the path data. You should have a one-line file starting with something like M1234.3 456.78L3298.3 9023.34 and so on.
If instead you have a format like M 1234.678,9875._PHONE_.0,123.45 - you'll want to convert if you want to try the crude script in (10) - otherwise a smarter script would be needed. Here's some Vim commands for that syntax {{{s/\(\d\) \(\d\)/\1 L\2/g}}} and {{{s/,/ /g}}} and {{{s/\([LM]\)\s*/\1/g}}}
The coordinates should now be rounded for use by the crude script in (10) unless you plan to handle that yourself in some way. Here is a vim one-liner to do it.
Also, it is probably a good idea to remove duplicate points. Here's a regex for that. {{{s/\(L\d\+ \d\+ \)\1/\1/g}}} - you should run that a couple of times, then {{{s/M\(\d\+ \d\+ \)L\1/M\1/g}}}. That just cuts down on a bit of redundancy. If these regexes match anything, you probably should rerun them.
Since this page is a mass of hacks, here's one more redundancy reducer, in bash this time.
{{{rm dupes.txt;PREVXY=(99999 99999);sed's/\([LM]\)/\n\1/g' inputfile | while read f;do read -a XY <<< "${f:1}";if [ "${f:0:1}"!= "M" ];then if((${XY[0]}-${PREVXY[0]}<3&&${XY[0]}-${PREVXY[0]}>-3&&${XY[1]}-${PREVXY[1]}<3&&${XY[1]}-${PREVXY[1]}>-3));then echo "$f" >> dupes.txt;else echo $f;fi;else echo $f;fi;PREVXY[0]=${XY[0]};PREVXY[1]=${XY[1]};done | xargs > inputfile.dedupe}}}
If dupes.txt has anything in it, you probably should run it again. Anyway, running these reduced a complex test trace from ~8800 points down to ~6500.
7) Convert the path data. Here is a crude script to do that. Note this one uses a line size of 1 (that's the 0x01 business).
If you want larger lines you can pick anything between 0x00 and 0x3F. That's 6-636. See the [DrawnMapFormat] wiki page.
# just a one-line list of points. at least, it had better be one-line
open FILE, $ARGV[0];
 s/([LM])(\d+) (\d+)\s*/point($1,$2,$3)/eg;
sub point
 ($t, $x, $y) = _USER_;
 $y+=0; # just in case
{{{script pointdata > hwpointdata}}}
8) qCompress the data.
{{{g++ -I /usr/include/qt4 -I /usr/include/qt4/QtCore qcompress.cpp -lQtCore}}}
_TAG_
_TAG_
using namespace std;
int main(int argc, char **argv)
 QFile fromFile(argv[1]);
 QFile toFile(argv[2]);
 if( &&
{{{./a.out hwpointdata hwpointdata.Z}}}
9) Convert to base64 and you're done! (whew)
{{{base64 -w0 hwpointdata.Z > mynewhedgewars.hwmap}}}
Here are some example hwmap files from the process above. They look better in 0.9.18+ due to the added size support, allowing thinner lines.


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Also, see How to Make:Peach Cobbler | Apple Crisp | Apple CrumbleApple Pandowdy | Apple Brown Betty | Blueberry Grunt | Peach Slump
A Buckle is a sweet dessert that is made from a cake batter traditionally topped with berries, which is topped with a streusel type topping.
Traditionally made in England during the 14th century to be served during Christmas, this dessert was originally prepared as porridge with a pudding-like consistency that was thickened with bits of dried fruits, spices, meat (beef or veal), wine or sherry, eggs, and breadcrumbs.
Common in Japan, this variety of plum is very popular for it health benefits. The ume plum is a fruit that is harvested when it is green before it ripens to be used as a pickled condiment, which is referred to as umeboshi.
A wrinkled shiny skinned fruit, which is native to America, Europe and Asia. There are many varieties of this fruit, which have flesh that ranges in flavor from tart to very sweet, but there are only a few varieties that are suitable for drying.


Three Most Photogenic Places in The World
We have places in the world where by capturing them in photographs, the beauty of the places double. Most photogenic places in the world impel people to visit there once in their lifetime.
1) Bora Bora In French Polynesia:
There is one island known as Bora Bora is covered with lagoons and is the most famous as an Aqua centre Luxury resort. In the last census of Bora Bora (1997), the population was 8880. There is no public transportation, and the whole economy is tourism centered.
Source :Wikipedia
2) Great Barrier Reef System:( North coast of Australia)
It is the largest coral reef system made of 2900 reefs and 900 islands and spread over of 2300 kilometers off Australia. It is the single largest structure which is made by the sea organisms and is so big that it is seen from an aerial view.
Source :Wikipedia
3.Grand Canyon, USA:
Around 5 million tourists visit the Grand Canyon every year.The canyon came into existence because of forceful flow of river Colorado in the state of Arizona. It was formed due to the result of erosion due to the Colorado river cutting into the earth surface over millions of years in the southern US. The parameters are :length 446 Kms, x breadth 29 Kms,depth 1800 Meters. Around 600 people have lost lives while exploring this wonder since 1870.
Because of colorful looks, it has become sought after tourist hot spot. It may not be the biggest canyon of the world, but has come to fame because of its panoramic look. When you proceed in this canyon, the weather keeps on changing. In winters some places have snowfall
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Once Upon a Time Wiki
List of Religious References
Redirected from List of Biblical References
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Reason: Wikipedia linking starting at "An Apple Red as Blood", general
Hey, look! A list!!
This article is a list page. It lists major and minor entries on a common subject. Please feel free to add any relevant entries and information, but keep the summaries short.
This page lists Once Upon a Time's various references to numerous religious works and practices.
Season One
"The Shepherd"
 - Prince James duels a man called "Behemoth", a creature from the Bible.
 - David Nolan, the cursed identity of Prince Charming, a former shepherd, shares his name with King David of the Bible, himself a former shepherd.
 - Prince Charming's mother is named Ruth. Ruth is the name of King David's great-grandmother.
 - Prince Charming is betrothed to Princess Abigail. King David's third wife was named Abigail.
 - A cross can be seen on a shield dropped by a fallen soldier outside the dragon's cave.[3]
"The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter"
 - The Storybrooke counterparts of fairies are reviewed to be nuns. They seems to be similar to Roman Catholic Religious Sisters, which is evident such as: doing community service, refers by others and themselves as "Sister" and also have a Mother Superior who is in charge of them.
 - The nun convent logo on the "Miner's Day" banner[5] is a Budded Cross, which is characterized by three scalloped shapes at the end of each arm, which symbolize the Holy Trinity.[6] The logo reads as "Sisters of Saint Meissa Dona Nobis Pacem MMDCXLVIII". Dona nobis pacem (Latin for "Grant us peace") is a phrase in the Agnus Dei section of the Roman Catholic mass.
"The Return"
"An Apple Red as Blood"
Season Two
"We Are Both"
 - Dr. Whale asks David whether or not nuns can date as the Dark Curse was broken, referring the oath Roman Catholic nuns made when joining the community.
"Lady of the Lake"
"The Doctor"
"The Outsider"
"In the Name of the Brother"
"The Queen Is Dead"
"Welcome to Storybrooke"
"Selfless, Brave and True"
"The Evil Queen"
 - At the marketplace, an angel with a halo is pictured on the tapestry behind the carny.[19]
"Second Star to the Right"
 - Tamara remarks that magic is unholy.
Season Three
"Quite a Common Fairy"
 - Noticing that Regina Mills is reluctant to meet Tinker Bell, Emma assumes that Regina did something to the fairy when they first met, including the possibility that Regina stole Tinker Bell's halo.
"Going Home"
"Snow Drifts"
 - When Hook is pondering where and when in the past Enchanted Forest he and Emma have landed, he briefly mentions the belly of a whale; referencing the biblical story of Jonah.
Season Four
"Family Business"
 - While Belle is looking up information on how to get her memories back, a cross can be seen on the cover of one of the books.[23]
"Smash the Mirror"
"Shattered Sight"
"Heroes and Villains"
 - An angry Hook promises Mr. Gold that Mr. Gold's next life won't be so pleasant for him. Reincarnation is a shared element of various religious, spiritual and philosophical communities.
 - Still, Mr. Gold believes he doesn't need to care about Hook's promise, telling the pirate, "Given my immortality, you'll have quite the wait amongst the fire and brimstone". "Fire and brimstone" is a figurative expression of signs of God's wrath in the Bible.
"Darkness on the Edge of Town"
 - Rumplestiltskin tells the Queens of Darkness that he offers the answer to all their prayers. Cruella is not convinced, and remarks, "I'm not exactly the religious sort."
"Best Laid Plans"
"Heart of Gold"
"Operation Mongoose Part 1"
"Operation Mongoose Part 2"
Season Five
"The Dark Swan"
"Siege Perilous"
 - The Unquenchable Flame, used by Arthur and David in Brocéliande, is said to be a part of the burning bush itself.
"The Broken Kingdom"
"The Bear and the Bow"
"Swan Song"
"Our Decay"
 - According to Hades, people are always confusing him with the Devil.
 - Zelena tells Hades to go back to his brimstone. "Fire and brimstone" is a figurative expression of signs of God's wrath in the Bible. "Brimstone" is the archaic name for sulfur, and evokes the acrid odor of volcanic activity.
"Ruby Slippers"
"Last Rites"
"Only You"
Once Upon a Time in Wonderland
"Bad Blood"
 - When Edwin is about to eat, he says recites part of the catholic meal prayer: "Bless us, O Lord, and these, Thy gifts, which we are about to receive from Thy bounty." He also says that his God hears every prayer, and that he prays for his daughter. Alice later says that every meal she's ever had with her father could not begin without saying grace.
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Region: East Iceland
Coordinates: 64.696888° N 14._PHONE_° W
Mt Bulandstindur is one of the most beautifully shaped mountains of the country and the symbol of the Djupivogur County between the two bays, Berufiord and Hamarsfiord. It is a pyramid shaped stack of basaltic strata, reaching 1069 m above sea level. The Castle of the Gods (Godaborg) is a 700 m high mountain ridge to the east of Mt Bulandstindur. Immediately after the acceptance of Christianity in the year 1000, the chieftains, who were also pagan priests, demolished the statues of the gods in their temples. The chieftain of this area had them taken up to this ridge and thrown over the edge. This mountain is counted among the few power centres of the country. The Buland Valley is to the south of Mt Bulandstindur and rising above its end is the highest elevation of the area, Mt Hrossatindur (1156m).
The abandoned farm Bulandsnes was a manor, the seat of County Sheriffs and medical practitioners. Buland is rather a large headland east of village Djupivogur. It consists mainly of barren and glacier eroded cliffs with bogs and swamps between them and many coves, which are gradually being filled with sand and silt. The cove Breidivogur on the southern side is the beach of Djupivogur and the outermost one is called Brandsvogur, named after the reverend and missionary Thangbrandur. In 1952, about 5 ha of land were fenced of for forestation purposes.
Nowhere else in the country are greater clusters of basaltic dykes than in this area and many of them are like pieces of art. The filling of sub terrain fissures during the active period of the Alftafiord central volcano a few million years ago, created them. Then the ice age set in and its glaciation carved at least 1,200 m from the surface and brought them into plain sight.
The Buland Islets are just south of the Buland Peninsula. Many of them are now landlocked because of the constant transport of sand and silt by the rivers. In earlier times, they were renowned for their bird breeding colonies and belonged to the farms Bulandsnes and Berufjordur.


American English
Definition of pull-down adjective from the Oxford Advanced American Dictionary
 jump to other results
 1. 1designed to be used by being pulled down a pull-down bed
 2. 2 pull-down menu (computing) a list of possible choices that appears on a computer screen below a menu title
See the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary entry: pull-down


Study Says Gay and Lesbian Couples Happier Than Their Straight Counterparts
Submitted by Take Out on Tue, 02/06/2018 - 23:05
Gay and lesbian couples have happier relationships than their straight counterparts, according to new research.
Academics behind the research say it counters the stereotype that same-sex relationships are conflictual, unhappy and dysfunctional.
The research, based on surveys of over 25,000 people in the UK and Australia, is published in the academic journal Family Relations.
It found that UK gay and lesbian couples had a relationship quality as high as their straight counterparts, while in Australia it was higher than heterosexuals.
Its authors have offered possible explanations for why homosexual relationships are happier. They said same-sex couples and particularly women are more likely to share domestic labour equally and this means there is less conflict.
Gay and lesbian people are also more likely to feel part of a community, and this could enhance their self-esteem and allow them to experience higher levels of wellbeing.
They could also be more invested in their relationships given the personal and institutional barriers that they have to overcome as members of a sexual minority.
The research also found bisexuals experienced lower relationship quality than gay, lesbian and heterosexual people. The authors claim this could be due to bisexuality being a silenced and invisible sexual identity, with bisexuals not fitting into the gay or lesbian communities or the heterosexual majority.
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Last updated on March 14, 2014 at 13:29 EDT
Water-Rock Reaction Could Provide Energy For Martian Microbes
May 31, 2013
Image Credit: Thinkstock.com
Brett Smith for redOrbit.com – Your Universe Online
Previous research has shown how rock-water reactions can produce hydrogen when temperatures are far too hot for living things to survive, such as near hydrothermal vent systems on the ocean floor. However, a new study in Nature Geoscience reports that the same hydrogen-producing reaction can also occur at more hospitable temperatures.
"Water-rock reactions that produce hydrogen gas are thought to have been one of the earliest sources of energy for life on Earth," said Lisa Mayhew, who worked on the study as a doctoral student at the University of Colorado, Boulder.
"However, we know very little about the possibility that hydrogen will be produced from these reactions when the temperatures are low enough that life can survive," she added. "If these reactions could make enough hydrogen at these low temperatures, then microorganisms might be able to live in the rocks where this reaction occurs, which could potentially be a huge subsurface microbial habitat for hydrogen-utilizing life."
When water infiltrates iron-rich igneous rocks, a few unstable atoms of iron can be released into the water. These unstable atoms, known as reduced iron atoms, can split water molecules to produce hydrogen gas and new minerals containing a more stable, oxidized form of iron at temperatures above 392 degrees Fahrenheit.
To see if these reactions are possible, the researchers submerged rocks in oxygen-free water at temperatures between 122 and 212 degrees Fahrenheit. They were able to detect some evidence of a hydrogen-creating water-rock reaction — possibly enough hydrogen to support life.
Next, the researchers accelerated electrons in a small storage ring to create "synchrotron radiation" that would allow them to establish the type and location of iron in the rocks on a microscopic scale.
Instead of seeing the reduced iron in the rocks converted to the more stable oxidized state, as they are at higher temperatures, the scientists discovered newly formed oxidized iron on minerals with a cubic structure called ℠spinels' that are highly conductive.
The researchers theorized that the conductive spinels were facilitating the swap of electrons between reduced iron and water, a necessity for the iron to divide the water molecules and create hydrogen gas.
"After observing the formation of oxidized iron on spinels, we realized there was a strong correlation between the amount of hydrogen produced and the volume percent of spinel phases in the reaction materials," Mayhew said. "Generally, the more spinels, the more hydrogen."
The researchers said hydrogen gases produced in these rocks would potentially be able to feed microbial life in a large volume of rock on Earth. They added that low temperature reactions could also be occurring in the same types of rocks that also are prevalent on Mars. Because the minerals that form as a result of these reactions have been found on both Earth and Mars, the new study's findings may have implications for investigating potential Martian microbial habitats.
NASA announced recently that its Curiosity rover recently spotted preliminary evidence of an ancient streambed on Mars. "¯The study's results suggest that hydrogen-dependent life could have existed where the Martian streambed was in contact with iron-rich igneous rocks.
Source: Brett Smith for redOrbit.com - Your Universe Online


text:
1. Create a log file, for example /var/log/cxs.log, and chmod it 666.
2. Edit the files /etc/cxs/cxsftp.sh and /etc/cxs/cxscgi.sh and add the
following to the command line:
If you want to enable logging for all
including non-suspicious files (this really should only be done during testing),
add the option --cleanlog to your command line.
3. To "watch" the logfile while you are testing, run the following command in ssh:
tail -f /var/log/cxs.log
(Replace /var/log/cxs.log with the full path and filename of your own logfile if you are using something different.)


January 30, 2011
"My motherland" - a Chinese 'Red" Song Played by a "Wolf" Pianist in White House
Opening of Chopin Year in Warsaw.Image via WikipediaRecently a famous Chinese pianist Lang Lang played a "red" song "My Motherland" during his performance in White House. This song was a theme song in a movie about a battle in Korean War during 50s. Because of this "political" or historical context, so in many Chinese people's eye, this is "antiAmerica" song, and Lang Lang's performance consequently stirred a huge discussion and arguments in within Chinese online communities - while many felt utmostly inappropriate, many felt proud of the performance.
A while ago, I started a thread on Blogcatalog about the musical value of "political" songs, expressed my understanding about how a song may convey different meanings by its different aspects of art form: while the lyrics can be political, the music part can be totally musical or artistic. This song "My Motherland" happens to be one of my favorite "red" songs. Despite of it's historical context, I personally think it is one of the most beautiful Chinese folk songs. The lyrics is mostly about the love to motherland (China), about a understandable patriotism. I don't see any any pro-communism and anti-America slogans. So the only reason that this song reminds Chinese people about Korean War simply is because it was used in the movie.
I might have to agree that it was not the best choice to play this song in White House but, it should not be such a big deal.
I heard radio NPR interviewing Lang Lang about his performance, he denied that he knew about the context of this song. However, when he was interviewed by Chinese news media, he expressed his "pride" of being able to play something that glorify the power of China in front of so many powerful politicians of many countries.
One thing worth to mention is, the name of this pianist "Lang", sounds exactly like "wolf" in Chinese. It happened that he was raised by a father who is as ambitious as "tigar mother", so his father was call as "wolf father" by many Chinese people. He possesses every idea the "tigar mother" does, except he is more physically powerful than that woman. In Lang Lang's biograph he remembered once he missed 2 hours of piano practice his father asked him either swallow a whole bottle of pill or, to jump from the window.
Lang Lang is now considered as a music prodigy and super famous pianist in China. His father of course is also very famous by his "superior" way of raising his "genius" son, though "it's a little too hard to understand" by normal people, as one of interviewer from a Chinese television mentioned. But because of Lang Lang's huge success, I personally believe many Chinese people would still prove his father's "hard work". And if this was true, I guess very soon more children will jump through window (or swallow pills) without their parents' pushing them.
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January 12, 2011
The impact of "Tiger mother"
Amy Chua at the 2007 Texas Book Festival, Aust...Image via Wikipedia
The article in WSJ "Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior?" seems to have some attention the author wanted, and it looks like that the publication of the book by the same author "Battle Hymn of Tiger Mother" will be inevitably successful too.
Even though personally I intensely dislike (even pity) the author's so call "superior" way of parenting, I have to admit, that the publication of her article and book will have some positive outcomes to American people and American Chinese community.
First of all, her book uncovers a fact that once was a stereotype - the child abuse that widely existed in Chinese families. Like Amy Chua, the author of book, many Chinese parents have been conducting severe child abuse under the slogan "for children's good", though mostly of them did it UNCONSCIOUSLY. Even without physical abuse (which I believe is still ongoing in many families), the consequence of this abuse is serious - the overwhelming lack of self-esteem within Chinese people.
The so call "superior" mothering or parenting, does not only exist in China, but also in any other countries that were influenced by Confucianism: Japan, South Korea, Singapore (where Chua come from) and many other southeast Asian countries, such as Vietnam, Malaysia, etc. The core philosophy of this "superior parenting" is "obedience", generated by "strict" discipline that is conducted since the beginning of children's cognitive development. This traditional parenting has successfully implanted "obedience", or "servile" personality in Chinese people's blood all the way through Chinese history.
This exposure of the dark side of Chinese families may actually do good for Chinese people, because it will draw severe criticizes from outside of Chinese community and I believe this would help many Chinese people drop their outdated belief, make many Chinese elites re-think their "superior" parenting.
Chinese people have been so obsessed with their tradition, so proud of their "thousands years of glory" that they think if not follow what their ancestors doctrine, Chinese will not be Chinese anymore. That's why during modern history of China, almost every step of progress was made by the force from outside of country.
Secondly, I personally think Chua's book will bring some positive influence to American society. It is my observation that the American way of parenting - "over protection" - if spoke exaggeratedly - has gone to another extreme and led many problems on children: lack of self-control; incapability of hard working; extremely self-centered, etc. I even believe that this way of "parenting" was partially responsible for the country's current downside situation, and would be an obstacle for the country's recovery as well.
It is also my impression that most American people seem to over-trust our innate capability. This probably is one of reasons that some (if not many) "American mothers" do not want to push their kids in any circumstances. This over-belief may also made many American believe that many Chinese "prodigies" are born with those talents. The publications of Chua will reveal the truth behind Chinese "prodigies" - not at all all of them are geniuses, but ordinary kids raised by "tiger mothers". Of course, I don't think most American mothers will adopt Chua's "never allowed" list but, the "success" of her daughters, or many other Chinese/Asian "prodigies" would prove a fact that the Chinese way of parenting does do some good on stretching children's competitive strength, at least skill wise.
This is an article on NYT magazine yesterday: No More Mrs. Nice Mom by Judith Warner, which reflects the stir that "tiger mother" just made.
I think, beside these positive outcomes, personal wise, Chua's publication will continue damage her daughters' lives, more than she could imagine. Her daughters will be put under spotlight and live under a more stressful condition. It is not fair to them. They may think like their mother did (actually one of them already said, just like their mother said about her own parents), "without her effort, I would not be me today.." but, they may never know about another kind of life, a life that is stress free, that is sufficient without support of high academic degree and high social status.
However, I am still optimistic about two lovely daughters. I believe the diverse cultural environment in this country would nourish their later life, possibly prevent them from repeating her mother's tragedy (even though she may take it as a huge success).
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text:
Describe the scene as Bilbo approaches the region where the trees ended in chapter 10 in The Hobbit.
1 Answer | Add Yours
Chapter Ten of The Hobbit, entitled "A Warm Welcome," opens with the dwarves and Bilbo's leaving the Mirkwood forest at last. As the tree line dwindles, Bilbo sees the open prospect before him unfold, revealing open marshes with small isles and a steady, wide river. Far in the distance, the Lonely Mountain looms with "its dark head in a torn cloud" (170). The mountain seems like a dark omen, and Bilbo does not like the looks of it. As Bilbo continues his journey into the open land, he realizes that his decision to escape via river was a sound one, for most of the roads running along the river have fallen into disrepair.
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text:
A Medium posts claims that Laser Bear Honeycomb is a best-in-class perimeter sensor. Tt's the same sensor fond aaround the bumper in its autonomous test vehicles. It features:
- Wide field of view: Where some 3D lidar have a vertical field of view (FOV) of just 30°, the Honeycomb has a vertical FOV of 95°, plus a 360° horizontal FOV. That means one Honeycomb can do the job of three other 3D sensors stacked on top of one another.
- Multiple returns per pulse: When the Honeycomb sends out a pulse of light, it doesn't just see the first object the laser beam touches. Instead, it can see up to four different objects in that laser beams' line of sight (e.g., it can see both the foliage in front of a tree branch and the tree branch itself). This gives a rich and more detailed view of the environment, and uncovers objects that might otherwise be missed.
- Minimum range of zero: The Honeycomb has a minimum range of zero, meaning it can see objects immediately in front of the sensor. This enables key capabilities such as near object detection and avoidance.
Offering this lidar to its partners, Waymo claims it helps spur the growth of applications outside of self-driving cars and also propels our business forward.
"We can scale our autonomous technology faster, making each sensor more affordable through economies of scale," said


Definitions for job satisfaction
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word job satisfaction
 1. Job satisfaction
 Job satisfaction is how content an individual is with his or her job. Scholars and human resource professionals generally make a distinction between affective job satisfaction and cognitive job satisfaction. Affective job satisfaction is the extent of pleasurable emotional feelings individuals have about their jobs overall, and is different to cognitive job satisfaction which is the extent of individuals' satisfaction with particular facets of their jobs, such as pay, pension arrangements, working hours, and numerous other aspects of their jobs.
U.S. National Library of Medicine
 1. Job Satisfaction
 Personal satisfaction relative to the work situation.
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How Canada's Centennial Started
How Canada's Centennial Started
A Journey into '67
For Canada's centennial, the year long celebration actually started at midnight on December 31, 1966.
At that time Prime Minister Lester Pearson, Secretary of State Judy LaMrsh (the minister responsible for the Centennial Commission), Opposition Leader John Diefenbaker and thousands of others participated in a ceremony on Parliament Hill.
The highlight was the lighting of the gas-powered Centennial Flame.
Cities and towns across the country also held fireworks, parades, bell-ringing and lighting ceremonies. In Toronto, a torchlight parade and fireworks at Queen's Park drew a crowd of about 40,000.
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Great cross-stitching tips!
Most cross-stitch is done using two strands of embroidery floss. Floss comes in skeins or on spools and is typically sold in six-ply or six-strand packaging.
Before you thread your needle, it is necessary to separate all six strands.
To separate the six-strands of floss for stitching, hold the entire strand near the top with one hand allowing the bottom to hang freely. Slowly pull each individual ply upward with the other hand, one at a time. Recombine the necessary number of strands to thread you needle and save the remaining strands for the next threading.


text:
What are graded elements and how do they work? Does L&L use them?
- Graded elements are one way kiln manufacturers adjust for the natural top-to-bottom temperature variations in a kiln.
- Graded elements are great when a kiln is brand new. However, elements age, and with different elements in the same kiln they will age at different rates. If you have to change one element (ruined by glaze, for instance) and not the whole set of elements, your kiln may not be so even. This process is also accelerated by higher temperatures.
- Zone control dynamically deals with any such changes and maintains its evenness over time and under different loading conditions.
- L&L uses graded elements on its new School-Master kilns because the temperatures are not so extreme and it allows us to use the less expensive single zone controllers.


if the comment extends to several lines.
Below is an example for the Samba script /etc/init.d/smb:
# chkconfig: - 91 35
# description: Starts and stops the Samba smbd and nmbd daemons \
# used to provide SMB network services.
The start/stop priority levels (91 and 35, respectively, shown above) are important for services that depend on other services. For example, it is required that portmap is started before nfs. If the script does not depend on other services, you may choose to execute it after the system is completely up and running. The easiest way is to call it from /etc/rc.d/rc.local. The command to do that is
echo /etc/init.d/yourscript >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
Make sure that the script is executable. Issue the command:
chmod 0755 /etc/init.d/yourscript
How do I disable the zeroconf route so that the system will boot without the / route?
Every time the system boots, the zeroconf route ( is enabled. You manually disable it by turning off the firewall and remove the route with / using the route command.
Example output of the route with the zeroconf route enables would like similar to the following:
# route
Kernel IP routing table
To disable the zeroconf route during system boot, edit the /etc/sysconfig/network file and add the following NOZEROCONF value to the end of the file:
Additional Information:
Find out more about zeroconf at
What is a defunct or zombie process in ps or top output?
A defunct or zombie process, as it is otherwise called, is one which is no longer in effect. It is represented by the "Z" (Zombie) state in a ps output. It is a process which was been killed or exited using exit(2) system call but has not received a wait(2) call from its parent process.
A defunct process does not consume any system resources except for its entry in the process table maintained by the operating system and can be safely ignored. It will be terminated when its parent process completes execution or during system reboot.
How do I enable a script to start and stop a service at different runlevels using chkconfig?
For a script to interact with chkconfig and the automatic starting and stopping of services at different run levels, it needs two key components.
The first is a commented section that allows the script to be managed by the chkconfig tool. Here is an example:
# chkconfig 345 10 90
# description This is where you put a description of your service
In this example, the numbers 345 after the chkconfig directive represent the runlevels that the service will be enabled for by default. In this example the service will be enabled by default for runlevels 3, 4, and 5.
The 10 is the start priority. The lower the number the higher the priority and the sooner a service will be started. The 90 is the stop priority. The lower the number the higher the priority and the sooner a service will be stopped when changing runlevels.
The second essential component is that the script must support being called with the arguments "start" and "stop." The script will be called with "start" as an argument when the service is being started at a given runlevel and "stop" when it is being stopped. Within these functions the script should touch a lock file in the /var/lock/subsys/ folder. If this is not done, the script will automatically start, but will not stop automatically. This should be done in the following manner:
start() {
 touch /var/lock/subsys/servicename
stop() {
 rm -f /var/lock/subsys/servicename
Once you have created a script that conforms to these two requirements, place a copy of it into the /etc/init.d/ directory and execute the command:
chkconfig --add servicename
This will register the service and create the necessary links in the appropriate rcX.d directories. You can now administer this service using chkconfig command.
The information provided in this article is for your information only. The origin of this information may be internal or external to Red Hat. While Red Hat attempts to verify the validity of this information before it is posted, Red Hat makes no express or implied claims to its validity.