text:
In string theory, a worldsheet is a two-dimensional manifold which describes the embedding of a string in spacetime. The term was coined by Leonard Susskind around 1967 as a direct generalization of the world line concept for a point particle in special and general relativity.
The type of string, the geometry of the spacetime in which it propagates, and the presence of long-range background fields (such as gauge fields) are encoded in a conformal field theory defined on the worldsheet. For example, the bosonic string in 26-dimensional Minkowski space has a worldsheet conformal field theory consisting of 26 free scalar fields. Meanwhile, a superstring worldsheet theory in 10 dimensions consists of 10 free scalar fields and their fermionic superpartners.


text:
of the Hudson & Manhattan Railroad Powerhouse
by R. LaRovere
Hudson & Manhattan
The Hudson & Manhattan RR Powerhouse building is an industrial age icon. Christopher Gray, the architectural history columnist of the New York Times, compares the Romanesque Revival structure built between 1906 and 1908 to "... some ancient, partly ruined cathedral--a masterpiece of brickwork."
The Powerhouse was designed by architect John Oakman of Carrere and Hastings, who graduated from the Ecole des Beaux Arts in Paris. With his partner W. Powell Robins, Oakman received the commission to design the Hudson & Manhattan stations, buildings, and powerhouse from a relative, Walter G. Oakman, president of the Hudson & Manhattan Railroad. The nine-story structure has a solid steel superstructure and 28-inch thick walls. It is noted for its brickwork and wide bay windows. James J. Ferris, for whom one of Jersey City's high schools is named, laid the foundation.
One of the engineers in the project was L.B. Stillwell, whose firm designed the first Niagara Falls power plant. John Van Vleck designed the structure's steel frame, Hugh Hazleton of Englewood, New Jersey, the electrical machinery, and the boilers by Babcock & Wilcox in Bayonne.
On February 25, 1908, the Powerhouse was activated by engineers; they responded to the receipt of a telegram from President Theodore Roosevelt in the White House to throw the switches and electrify the Hudson Tunnel. According to John Gomez of the Jersey City Landmarks Conservancy, "The coal-powered, steam-generating Hudson & Manhattan Powerhouse energized the railroad's Hudson Tunnels, a subway line that in 1908 physically connected, for the first time, New Jersey and New York. The Hudson & Manhattan Powerhouse provided constant power to the system's lines, cars, stations, and terminals on both sides of the Hudson River, including the wondrous Hudson Terminal in New York City, then the world's largest office and train-terminal complex" (Gomez, "The Hudson & Manhattan RR Powerhouse")
The Powerhouse made possible the subway system between New Jersey and New York as part of the Port Authority Trans-Hudson Corporation (PATH). Prior to the tunnel that connected the mainland with Manhattan Island, travelers needed to board ferries to cross the Hudson River. The Powerhouse was closed in 1929 and utilized as a storage house for railroad equipment. The Hudson & Manhattan Railroad went bankrupt in 1963. The operation of the Hudson Tunnels was taken over by the PATH and its World Trade Center Complex. All that remains of the Hudson & Manhattan is the Powerhouse, which protects a cinderblock-encased substation
In the 1990s, the
building was cited by Preservation New Jersey as one of the state's ten
most endangered historic sites. The Jersey City Landmarks Conservancy responded with an aggressive campaign to save the site, and in December, 2001,
the National Register of Historic Places certified the building as a national
landmark. In 2009, the
Port Authority and Jersey City, who jointly own the building, agreed to the stabilization of the Powerhouse that continues to power some compressors for the PATH train track switches. The architectural firm Beyer Blinder Belle of New York received the commission for the $3.4 million project. And in 2011, the project received $250,000 from the New Jersey Historic Trust for further stabilization.
|By: Carmela Karnoutsos
Project Administrator: Patrick Shalhoub

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Let $F$ be a $100 \times 100$ DFT matrix, and $U$ be a diagonal matrix with its diagonal entries being all positive, denoted by $U=\mathrm{diag}(u_1, u_2,\cdots, u_{100})$. My question is:
Under which conditions on $U$ will the resulting matrix $FUF^\ast$ be circulant (where $F^\ast$ is the conjugate transpose of $F$)?
share|improve this question
There might be; the Fourier transform of a diagonal matrix has nice structure, being complex-symmetric and constant along its antidiagonals (Hankel)... – Ｊ. Ｍ. May 9 '12 at 3:16
Well, it is not too hard to show that if $U$ is diagonal with real elements, then $F U F^*$ is real iff all diagonal elements of $U$ are exactly the same, ie, $U$ is a real multiple of the identity. – copper.hat May 9 '12 at 5:22
...and you have $$\mathbf U\mathbf D\mathbf U^\ast=\begin{pmatrix}0&-\frac12-\frac{i}{2\sqrt 3}&-\frac12+\frac{i}{2\sqrt 3}\\-\frac12+\frac{i}{2\sqrt 3}&0&-\frac12-\frac{i}{2\sqrt 3}\\-\frac12-\frac{i}{2\sqrt 3}&-\frac12+\frac{i}{2\sqrt 3}&0\end{pmatrix}$$ – Ｊ. Ｍ. May 9 '12 at 6:18
I might be wrong but I think that every circulant matrix is diagonalized by the DFT matrix so something like $F_n C F_n^* = D$. Using this I'm thinking that you can assume that the result of your computation will be circulant as well and hence you have essentially $n$ (=100) terms to compute. In J.M.'s example, the matrix is circulant. [c0 c1 c2; c2 c0 c1; c1 c2 c0] – tibL May 9 '12 at 8:33
I think that, up to a normalisation, the (a,b) element of the product is the DFT of u at a-b. – dmuir May 9 '12 at 9:18
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1 Answer
up vote 1 down vote accepted
After seeing this article, I see that one can in fact easily build a circulant matrix, given its eigenvalues, and vice-versa. (In short: $\mathrm F \mathrm U \mathrm F^\ast$ is always circulant.)
Briefly, given the eigenvalues $u_1,u_2,\dots,u_N$, one simply needs to take the inverse discrete Fourier transform
$$a_{1,j}=\frac1{N}\sum_{k=0}^{N-1}u_{k+1}\exp\left(\frac{2\pi i(j-1)k}{N}\right)$$
to yield the first row of the circulant matrix $\mathbf A=\mathrm F \mathrm U \mathrm F^\ast$, after which the successive rows of $\mathbf A$ are easily generated. Conversely, the eigenvalues of $\mathbf A$ are generated by taking the DFT of the first row of $\mathbf A$.
Here's a Mathematica demonstration:
n = 100;
vec = Sort[RandomReal[{0, 30}, {n}], Greater];
ma = NestList[RotateRight,
 InverseFourier[vec, FourierParameters -> {1, -1}], n - 1];
Eigenvalues[ma] - vec // Chop
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Thanks! It is very clear that a circulant matrix can be diagonalized via DFT, and vice-versa. – John Smith May 9 '12 at 15:19
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text:
Palisades State Park is located in eastern South Dakota and is filled with Sioux quartzite formations estimated to be 1.2 billion years old throughout, including in Split Rock Creek which flows through the park. The park is popular with rock climbers who can climb the 50 feet or higher quartzite cliffs. The picture shows King and Queen Rock which are popular with rock climbers.
Sioux quartzite comes from sandstone that was fused into blocks of solid quartz and is pink in color. Plains Indians used this quartzite for their ceremonial pipes. An American Indian quarry outside of Pipestone, Minnesota was a trading hub whose goods have been found as far as the western side of the Rocky Mountains in archaeological digs. Many buildings in eastern South Dakota and Minnesota were built out of the rock including the Federal Building in Sioux Falls, South Dakota in 1892.
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Our new edited book on thermodynamic analysis and optimization of geothermal power plants has been just published.
Thermodynamic Analysis and Optimization of Geothermal Power Plants guides researchers and engineers on the analysis and optimization of geothermal power plants through conventional and innovative methods. Coverage encompasses the fundamentals, thermodynamic analysis, and optimization of geothermal power plants. Advanced thermodynamic analysis tools such as exergy analysis, thermoeconomic analysis, and several thermodynamic optimization methods are covered in depth for different configurations of geothermal power plants through case studies. Interdisciplinary research with relevant economic and environmental dimensions are addressed in many of the studies. Multiobjective optimization studies aimed at better efficiency, lower cost, and a lower environmental impact are also discussed in this book.
For more information, please click here.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Create HTML5 Vertical Endless Runner cross platform games
Using Phaser framework and other FREE software
Create a Flash ball game with visual from above tutorial
Emanuele Feronato Flash
August 3rd update: 2nd part released
December 13th update: 3rd part released
January 16th update: 4th part released
This tutorial does not cover anything new (well, this first part of this tutorial) but shows you how to create a Flash ball game with a visual from above and some decent graphics.
Being a ball game, I suggest you all to read the basics for a ball game movement in this tutorial.
In this one, there is no gravity but the method is the same.
In this tutorial I'll cover two types of gameplay: one with the ball that runs on a static stage, and one with a fixed ball with a scrolling stage. We'll see the pros and cons of both type of games.
First of all, let's start with the aim of the game: you have to take your ball to the exit of each level avoiding any kind of traps.
In this first part, there isn't any exit nor traps, just walkable tiles. So, at the moment the game will sound like "try not to fall off the tiles".
Game type 1: moving ball on a static stage
Does it look too long? I guess not, because you'll see how easy it can be if you follow all the steps.
Line 1: Declaration of level, the array that contains level data. Levels in this game will be tile based. I wrote a tutorial about managing the creation of tile based levels here.
Line 2: Attaching the movie previoulsy created and linkaged as starz. The space scene you can see in the background. I made the scene with the Photoshop action to create an outer space scene.
Line 3: Creating a new empty movie clip (bricks) that will contain level tiles.
Lines 4-14: Defining the mapping of the level. In this case, the ones mean a walkable tile while the zeros a hole. You cannot walk over holes.
Lines 15-21: Scanning all the array and attaching movieclips previously linkaged as brick into the bricks movieclip (the one created at line 3). As said, refer to this tutorial for more information.
Line 22: Attaching the ball. I created the ball in the same way as in Creation of realistic spheres in Flash with textures and masking tutorial.
Line 23: Masking the ball texture as explained in the tutorial mentioned above. I strongly suggest you to read if you haven't done it yet, you will learn how to create proper textures for a ball and map them to it with masking.
Lines 24-27: Defining power, speed and friction as explained in here. Being a game with the visual from above, there is no gravity, and at the moment there is no wind too.
Line 28: This is the main function, to be called at every frame.
Lines 29-40: Adjusting ball x and y speed according to the key the player presses, as seen here (maybe one day I'll write an ebook and say "as seen in Chapter I" – cool).
Lines 41-42: Applying friction to x and y speed.
Lines 43-44: Adjusting ball position according to its speed.
Lines 45-58: Adjusting texture position to simulate the rolling effect as seen here.
Line 59: Determining, according to ball x position, on wich x-tile we are. I need to know the ball position inside the level array because in next tutorial I will introduce special tiles. In the formula I involved the ball radius (10) and tile size (40).
Line 60: Same thing with y position.
Lines 61-66: If the position of the ball in level array is different than 1 (solid tile) then start the death sequence: the ball is moved ad its starting position and both x and y speeds are set to zero.
That's it! Wasn't it easy?
This is the game
The second step is making the tiles bigger (otherwise the game may be frustrating) and have a larger, scrollable stage.
To have a scrollable background, the ball must remail fixed in the center of the stage, and the level must move, like in this tutorial.
Game type 2: static ball on a moving stage
Main changes are at lines 45-46 where I move the bricks movieclip instead of ball one, and 47-48 where I add a little parallax scrolling to background space scene.
Ball's position on the level, at lines 63-64, is no long determined by ball position but by bricks position, since the ball is fixed.
And this is the game. I prefer this version.
And this is where this tutorial ends.
Next step will be to create different types of tiles, each with its way to affect ball movement, and a level editor.
Now I need your creativity: suggest me a type of tile I haven't already planned and your name will be in the credits.
Planned tiles at the moment are:
Icy/Sand/etc tiles: Affect ball friction
Left/Right/Up/Down spinning tiles: Increasing left/right/up/down ball speed
Glass tiles: Disappear once the ball has rolled out of them
Crystal tiles: Disappear once the ball has rolled on them (so move fast!)
Tunnel tiles: You can't see the ball because it's under the tunnel…
Spinning tiles: Increase ball speed in the direction the ball rolled on them
Invert tiles: Ball controls are inverted while on these tiles
Teleport tiles: … need an explication?
Exit tile: …
Now it's up to you.
Take the source codes and give me feedback.
Read part 2
From null to full HTML5 cross platform game
Comments 78
 1. Dean
 Nice tutorial. I always find your work helpful, and it has inspired me to start developing my own game. Thanks a million!! How about a trampoline tile that bounces you across a gap to another tile, or picking up a bonus that puts rails around the maze for a period of time. Great job as usual & thanks for the tutorials!
 2. Post
 3. Fairlyn
 how about a "switch" tile that activates a few other tiles for a few seconds
 moving tiles (you didn't have these right?)
 slippery tile (the ball continues in the specified direction and don't react to input (is this what you meant by ice tiles?))
 "tutorial" tiles (displays a message when rolled over)
 seems interesting so far
 4. Post
 5. Fairlyn
 windmill (pushes the player away from it when hre is in one of the adjacent tiles)
 inviciple tiles (reflections show where they are every x seconds)
 "plasma"/ghost tiles (cav only be passed when visible)
 how about unlockable balls?
 helium ball(beach ball?) (can be off cource for x second before being game over) or (stays afloat after being pushed away by the windmill(could be useful for secret/bonus areas)) should not make the glass tiles break
 iron ball (is immune to the windmill, but can't pass the glass tile due to heawy weight)
 "enemy" balls trying to push you off?
 cannon/laser shooting at you trying to force you off the tiles
 laser blockades that have to be shut off?
 6. Hamly
 "â€œplasmaâ€/ghost tiles (cav only be passed when visible)"
 Sorry didn't refresh my page before posting.
 7. djmashedman
 He made a tutorial on how to make a ball look like that.
 As for tiles –
 bouncy tile – basically bounces your ball and makes it go all over the place.
 speed tile – speeds up/slows down your tile
 extra lives tile – in a hard to reach place, the end of a very windy and small bit.
 'bigger tile'/smaller ball tile – again, in a hard to reach place.
 The latter could also be a tile that either –
 makes your ball smaller or tiles bigger
 makes your ball bigger or tiles smaller.
 But it could be random, and sometimes compulsory.
 And you could always have smaller tile tiles just before a tricky bit, just to be mean.
 8. Post
 Emanuele Feronato
 At this time I coded the following tiles:
 Direction spin tiles: tiles that spins the ball in one of the four directions
 Spin tile: Spins the ball in the direction the ball already has
 Vanishing tile: When the ball rolls over, the tile starts vanishing until it disappears
 Passive tile: The ball does not react to input and there is no friction
 Beam tiles: Every 3 seconds they are letal for the ball for 1 second
 I think I'll publish the tut very soon, just let me add about 10 more tile types…
 9. eblup
 i made a pokeball! it is amasing. o and ideas for tiles ummm…
 moveing: the tiles move side to side…
 spining: the tiles Spin around…
 moveing and spining: the tiles spin and move side to side…
 10. amorphis
 Could you just


What does pocock, edward mean?
Definitions for pocock, edward
Here are all the possible meanings and translations of the word pocock, edward.
The Nuttall Encyclopedia
 1. Pocock, Edward
 1. Chaldean Numerology
 The numerical value of pocock, edward in Chaldean Numerology is: 7
 2. Pythagorean Numerology
 The numerical value of pocock, edward in Pythagorean Numerology is: 1
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The Integral Curves Utility draws direction fields and integral curves. An integral curve is the path followed by a point whose velocity at each point is given by a "vector field". A vector field on the xy-plane is given by a pair of functions of x and y. For the curve, these functions specify the derivatives dx/dt and dy/dt at each point. In the Integral Curves Utility, you can specify the functions dx/dt and dy/dt, and you can "drop" points onto the xy-plane and see the curves along which they move. The utility also draws a grid of arrows. An arrow at a point shows the direction of the integral curve as it passes through that point. (This is a "direction field" rather than a "vector field" because it shows only the direction of the curve, not the speed.)
You can start a curve by clicking at a point on the graph. Alternatively, for finer control, you can enter the x and y values of the starting point of the curve in the boxes labeled "Start x" and "Start y". Then, click the "New Curve" button to start a curve at that point. You can have as many curves as you want. If you turn on the "Extend curves in both directions" option, you get to see how the point would move backwards in time as well as forwards.
An integral curve is drawn by looking at the current position of the point and at the derivative functions at that point (and possibly at some nearby points for greater accuracy). This is used to project the point forward "dt" time units into the future. This is only an approximation! A smaller value of dt will generally give a better approximation. There is an input box where you can specify the value of dt. The Integral Curves Utility can use three different approximations: Euler's Method, Runge-Kutta Order 2, and Runge-Kutta Order 4. The utility has a set of radio buttons that you can use to select the method. Runge-Kutta Order 4 is the most accurate method, and there is really no reason to use the other two unless you specifically interested in the method rather than in getting the best possible approximation of the true integral curve.
Once a curve has been started, it uses the same method and the same value of dt forever. This lets you start different curves from the same point, using different methods or different values of t, to compare them.
In this utility, more than in others, you might want to use the "Equalize" button to equalize the scales on the x and y axes. Otherwise, the arrow directions, as drawn, can be misleading. You can use the mouse for zooming in this utility.
Graph 3D Utility
The Graph 3D Utility draws three-dimensional graphs of functions of two variables. The function to be graphed is of the form z=f(x,y), where f(x,y) is given as an expression that can contain variables x and y. The values of xmin, xmax, ymin, and ymax have a different interpretation in this utility: They specify a rectangle in the xy-plane that is used as the domain over which the graph is drawn. You can also enter zmin and zmax, which specify the range of z-values that you want to see. The scale on the graph is adjusted so that the specified ranges of x, y, and z are visible. But since the image on the screen is a two-dimensional projection of a three dimensional object, there is not an exact correspondence between the ranges and the boundaries of the rectangle shown on the screen.
To produce the graph, a rectangular grid of points in the domain is used. The function is evaluated at each point, and the resulting xyz-points are connected with lines. You can enter the grid size -- that is, the number of points along each side of this grid of points. The utility can draw graphs in four different styles: When only the lines between the points are drawn, the result is a so-called "wire-mesh model." The second style also consists of just lines, but lines that are hidden by other parts of the graph are not shown. Instead of drawing the lines, the regions between the lines can be filled in with color, giving a "shaded model." (The color used is determined by the orientation of the graph surface, so it looks as if the graph is illuminated from a certain direction.) In the fourth style, both the lines and the shading are shown. You can select among the four styles using a set of radio buttons under the graph. The shaded model without lines only really looks good on a high color monitor using a large grid size.
When the utility starts up, you will see a projection of the x-, y-, and z-axes along with a rectangle that frames the domain of the function in the xy-plane. When you press the "Graph it!" button or press return in any input box, the graph will be drawn. You get to see the graph being drawn, from back to front. (This is deliberate -- for understanding the graph, seeing the drawing process is more effective than just seeing the final result.)
You can rotate the axes and graph using two scroll bars. The horizontal scroll bar rotates the graph around the z-axis. The vertical scroll bar tilts the image towards you and away from you.
Mouse zooming does not work in the Graph 3D Utility. Do not expect Graph 3D to work well with most discontinuous functions.
David Eck, 27 October 1999, minor update on 6 December 2012


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Friday, April 1, 2016
BUILDING LOCAL FOOD SYSTEMS
A new resource from USDA can help communities make the economic case for investments in local food. "The Economics of Local Food Systems: A Toolkit to Guide Community Discussions, Assessments and Choices" will help local food stakeholders–including farmers markets, food hubs, and other local food outlets–tell the story of how investing in strong local and regional food systems can revitalize rural and urban economies across the country. The toolkit allows communities to conduct reliable economic impact assessments of investing in local food system initiatives. The Toolkit uses real-world projects, experiences, and applied research, making it a practical and useable resource for community leaders, businesses, and others.
Source: USDA, 3/24/16, Local Food Systems


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Linear multivariable control: algebraic analysis and synthesis methods
Details the basic theory of polynomial and fractional representation methods for algebraic analysis and synthesis of linear multivariable control systems. It also serves as a self-contained treatise of the mathematical theory so that results and techniques of the ''state space approaches'' for regular and singular systems appear as special cases of a general theory covering the wider class of PMDs of linear systems. Among the topics covered are: real rational vector spaces and rational matrices, pole and zero structure of rational matrices at infinity, proper and omega stable rational fuctions and matrices.
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Polynomial Matrix Models of Linear Multivariable Systems
Pole and Zero Structure of Rational Matrices at Infinity
Dynamics of Polynomial Matrix Models
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biproper rational column degrees column proper column reduced common left divisor Consider Control coprime in Q Corollary defined Definition deg d(s denote Desoer Diophantine equations equivalence relation Euclidean division Example Exercise follows greatest common left holds true homogeneous matrix differential i.e. let IEEE Trans implies initial conditions internally proper invariant invariant polynomials Laplace transform left coprime Lemma let T(s linear systems matrix differential equation matrix pencil McMillan form minimal realization nn(s non-singular obtain oo of T(s PMD A(p pole-zero structure poles polynomial basis polynomial matrix Proof proper rational matrix Proposition Q S-MFDs Q-stable rankR rankR(s)T(s rational functions rational matrix T(s rational vector space reachable Remark right coprime right divisor Rosenbrock row column row proper satisfied Smith form Smith-McMillan form solution stabilizing compensator strict system equivalent strictly proper system equivalence system matrix TGL(s Theorem TL(s TR(s transfer function matrix unimodular matrix vector space zero structure


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How can I tell whether I should be using Dentro vs. Adentro? I've read that they both mean 'inside' and looked at some examples, but I still can't always figure out which one to use. Are there any good rules to learn the difference, or examples that illustrate this difference particularly well? Also, is the word 'en' sometimes used to mean 'inside' as well?
¿Como puedo saber si debería usar Dentro vs. Adentro? He leído que ambos significan 'inside' y visto algunos ejemplos, pero no siempre tengo claro cual usar. ¿Existen algunas buenas reglas para aprender la diferencia, o ejemplos que ilustren esta diferencia especialmente bien? Además, ¿la palabra 'en' también se usa a veces para decir 'inside'?
share|improve this question
Nice question!! – Alfredo Osorio Dec 7 '11 at 2:27
Tambien vease un ejemplo given by Javi en mi pregunta – Tomas Jan 5 '12 at 23:42
5 Answers 5
Both dentro and adentro mean "inside" but the latter is used with verbs of movement. For example:
 1. Nos fuimos adentro. —> (The verb "ir" means "to go"; movement);
 2. El perro está dentro del coche. —> (no movement involved).
You can see the official reference here for dentro and for adentro.
As it is said in the articles, in some parts of America, sometimes "adentro" is used when "dentro" should have been adopted.
"En" can also be used in the same way as "in" is used in English, so you can use "en" (but "dentro" emphasizes it more)
El perro está en el coche.
share|improve this answer
Ah. Es similar a "dónde" y "adónde", ¿no? – user682 Apr 25 '12 at 4:18
_USER_ Sí. Lo mismo pasa con "fuera" y "afuera". – Javi Apr 25 '12 at 8:29
Both are adverbs of location and both can be translated as inside, the difference is that dentro is used to express in the interior, inside and adentro goes with verbs indicating movement and it is used to express towards the interior. Some examples:
Dentro de mi corazón (inside my heart).
Lo llevé hacia adentro (I took it inside).
share|improve this answer
Is it safe to say it's the same as the difference between in/inside and into? – Flimzy Dec 7 '11 at 2:12
_USER_: I'd say yes at least in the cases I could think of, but I am not a native English speaker, so I wouldn't put my hand in the fire for that "yes". – Gonzalo Medina Dec 7 '11 at 3:28
Can't you also say "Estoy aquí adentro"? – jrdioko Dec 7 '11 at 17:29
_USER_: yes; adentro sometimes is also used as en la parte interior (in the interior), but this use is common in certain regions of Latin America. – Gonzalo Medina Dec 7 '11 at 17:34
In addition to the excellent answers given let me point out that dentro can also be used to denote the end of a period of time as seen from present: llámame dentro de quince minutos. Which is roughly the same as llámame en quince minutos, while there is no such exception for adentro which is always location/movement-based.
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"Dentro" should only be used in the prepositional phrase (frase prepositiva) "dentro de":
La guitarra está dentro de su funda.
(The guitar is inside its case.)
On the other hand, "adentro" should only be used as a standalone adverb:
La guitarra está adentro.
(The guitar is inside.)
In short: "Dentro de " means "inside of ", while "adentro" means simply "inside".
share|improve this answer
In addition to the other answers: dentro implies inside in relation to a specific place (stated after the preposition "de" or by context).
El niño está dentro de la casa.
Mi estuche está dentro de la sala.
At least in Chile, adentro de is very uncommon, this "dentro de"/"adentro de" comparison also shows it.
By the way, the rules for dentro/adentro can be used for fuera/afuera.
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Essay by cece27University, Bachelor'sB+, January 2014
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Ellen Banda-Aakus' Patchwork is the pursuit for understanding, and for a place for love and kindheartedness in a world defaced by the evil of power and lust, were love and hate are the same. A hint is drawn clearly from how the story is told and the issues brought out through the eyes of a small child, who struggles with her inner self and the environment and people around her. The narrator describes the complexities of a postcolonial social and in some cases, political order, in which people strive to stay alive, and whose social relationships are complex and quite tense, throughout the novel. A much more traditional path has been followed throughout the book. Set in the 1970s, it is hard to believe that a nine year old would have such a canning mind and personality, but that is what makes the book exceptional, because between the two parts of the book so much is revealed in the characters.
A clear line could be drawn from young Pumpkin, to Pumpkin as an adult, as a fair dose of sympathy for the victim is drawn and a vulnerability that is impossible to question. The essay focuses on the difference in point of view when looking at the two parts of the novel 'Patchwork'. A conclusion is drawn thereafter.
The point of view is the way the author allows you to'see' and 'hear' what's going on. The story is told in first person narrations by Pumpkin, a nine year old, suffering at the hands of her parents. We are able to see the story through her eyes and what she is thinking about. Pumpkin is a girl who has her own opinions and a wondering mind. She eavesdrops and that's how she is able to tell what...


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In the 5 kg of blood of adult human after three 10° beers consumed shortly after another is 6.6 g of the alcohol. How much is it as per mille?
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After three 10° beers consumed in a short time, there is 5.6 g of alcohol in 6 kg adult human blood. How much is it per mille?
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text:
Abstract: The following study attempts to analyse an almost unknown aspect of Czechoslovakian-German relations during the so called "Second Republic" (October 1938 – March 1939), namely the railway traffic between the two countries. It is necessary to realize that railway traffic was the most common means of transport for both people and goods at this time and that it was in both countries' interests to keep it functioning. This paper focuses on the situations and problems that everyday passengers faced. Their experiences were the main factor on which public opinion of the railways was based. The contributory role of freight transport is also analysed in short because of its importance to the functioning of the economy. An important question, which this study attempts to answer as well, is the nature of relations between Czechoslovakian railway employees and their German counterparts. Did these relations copy those in "high politics" at the time? Or, could the professionals on both sides of the new borders cooperate to keep the traffic flowing? With the use of several examples, descriptions are given of experiences with colleagues on the other side of the border that were often positive and whereby both sides understood that it was necessary to keep the traffic flowing. Unfortunately, these efforts were on occasion disrupted by the decisions of political or military leaders.
Authors: Martin Liška
Keywords: railway traffic, Munich Agreement, Second Czechoslovak Republic, CzechGerman relations


Question: Does Broiling Make Things Crispy?
Does baking soda or baking powder make things crispy?
Baking powder, not to be mistaken with baking soda, is a leavening agent usually used in baked goods such as cookies and cakes.
It's a mixture of sodium bicarbonate, cream of tartar and cornstarch.
When mixed with salt and coated on chicken it dries out the skin, leaving it crisp and crunchy..
Does broil need to preheat?
First, always preheat the broiler for at least five minutes; ten is better. Second, as with the grill, choose relatively thin and tender ingredients to cook. … Nobody should be trying to cook a whole chicken or a roast in a home broiler. You also need to pay some attention to the distance between the heat and the food.
Is broiling healthier than frying?
The American Heart Association considers broiling a healthier cooking method than frying, which adds fat and calories, and thus increases the risk of weight gain and coronary artery disease. … Enjoy the ease and health benefits of broiling by turning on your oven's broiler.
Should I broil steak on high or low?
Broil on high heat for three minutes per side, then reduce the heat to 300 degrees and cook for four minutes on each side. Where do I set the rack in the oven? Adjust your oven rack so that the top of the steak will be about 4 inches (10cm) from the broiler heating element.
What is the purpose of broiling?
Broiling sears the surface of food and works best for cooking thin foods. This method can also be used to add texture to the outside of foods that have already been cooked using another method like baking. Both baking and broiling use dry heat to cook foods.
What happens when you broil something?
Broiling places food close to your oven's heating element so that it can quickly cook, brown, char or caramelize. … In contrast, broiling exposes one side of your food to high, direct heat, making it ideal for cooking foods like you would on a grill.
Why do you broil steak?
Broiling is one of the best ways to cook steak! The direct dry heat sears the meat evenly, producing beautiful caramelization while locking in all the delicious juices. You can also broil almost any cut of steak.
How do I make everything crispy?
Does cornstarch make things crispy?
Is it baking soda or baking powder that makes chicken crispy?
It may sounds unappealing, but coating chicken wings in seasoned baking powder is what makes the skin super crispy. You won't taste it in the end results, so long as you use aluminium-free. To be clear, make sure you use baking powder, NOT baking soda, because there is a big difference!
Do you leave oven door open when broiling?
What is the difference between baking and broiling?
Broiling is the method of exposing food to direct heat. … Broiling is different than baking, where the food is surrounded by hot air and cooks slower. Some chefs recommend a two-step process of baking then broiling, to keep a protein like chicken moist.
Is broiling healthier than grilling?
This can be one of the main reasons why people believe broiling is healthier than baking or grilling. Unlike grilling, the smoke from the food will have to be aired out because you're cooking indoors. … The less fat the broiling meat has, the less likely it will produce smoke while broiling.
What is the main purpose of broiling vegetables?
Does baking soda make food crispy?
A little baking soda goes a looooong way. Here's why it works. Baking soda is alkaline, so it raises the pH level of chicken skin, breaking down the peptide bonds and jumpstarting the browning process, meaning the wings got browner and crispier faster than they would on their own.
What makes fried food crunchy?
What creates a crisp crust on fried food? When food is plunged into hot oil, the water in the food starts to boil and percolate toward the surface. … As the starch fries in the hot oil, it dries into a pleasantly crisp shell and protects the moisture beneath. The food inside steams while the coating browns and crisps.
What flour is best for crispy frying?
Do I Broil chicken on high or low?
If the broil setting is on high, turn it to low and keep an eye on the chicken. Sometimes broil settings can be touchy, depending on the oven.
Is broiling the same as frying?
Frying means cooking by immersion in hot fat. Sauteing means cooking by the direct heat of a pan. … And to pan broil is to cook in a hot pan that contains salt instead of fat, or to cook something that has been coated lightly with oil.
Why is my fried food not crispy?
Putting too much food into the fryer at the same time Overcrowding the oil will result in less than perfect crispy fried food. … As less moisture escape from the food into the oil, less bubbles are visible. Food is ready to be removed from the fryer. Try to maintain an oil temperature between 325 to 390 degrees F.


text:
SUP is a fast growing industry and ASI SUP instructors update their SUP skills and knowledge each 3 years.
This half day course is for SUP Instructors to update industry knowledge and guidelines and review SUP practical paddling skills, video analysis criteria and delivery methods. It applies to all SUP instructors regardless of Instructor level held.
Receive a copy of the most updated SUP instructor manuals, so you can use as a reference in your own time.
Update SUP instructor industry guidelines and technical knowledge and skills.
This course is conducted in flat water locations.
- key changes to the industry and standards
- paddling skills and paddle stroke competencies
- feedback on your SUP skills
- Hold current ASI SUP Instructor qualification
Workshop: 3 hours.
At the workshop:
- Industry updates. On water practice and updates on paddling techniques / skill.
What we provide:
Most up to date paper manuals, for the SUP levels you hold:
- Level 1 SUP Instructor (Enclosed Flat Water) manual
- Level 2 SUP Instructor (Exposed Waters) manual
The following equipment and clothing is required to complete the training:
- Flat water stand up paddle board
- Paddle, coiled leash
- SUP clothing suitable for paddling
SUP Instructor Professional Skills Update certificate
Additional certificate issued:
Do you have a question? See the FAQ's page. click here


text:
save historical information. However, disabling sensors can effects adversely other database server functions. It is always better to update the ph_task table in sysadmin database to limit the amount of data collect by a sensor than disable sensors. Following is an example that tells the DB Scheduler to delete data older than 4 times the collection frequency:
DATABASE sysadmin; UPDATE ph_task SET tk_delete = (4 * tk_frequency) WHERE tk_type = 'SENSOR';
SQLTRACE part 2
Today we will now cover part 2 of the new SQL tracing facility inCheetah. In part 1 we discussed how to enable SQLTRACE and how tomonitor it via onstat -g his. I'm sure you noticed that while onstat -ghis provides a lot of very useful information, you would need someserious awk and sed skills to script it, for example, that you only sawqueries that had an average execution time of 1 second or more.Fortunately SQL tracing is set up in the sysmaster database. The tableis calledsyssqltrace
This table allows you to quickly get subsections of the SQL traceoutput. So, for example, you can find out how many queriestookmore than 1 second to run by executing the following query:select count(*) fromsyssqltrace where sql_totaltime >1;
You can obviously drill down and get additional information includingthe actual queries that were run that took more than 1 second.
The table syssqltrace is not the only table, however, that coversinformation regarding SQL tracing. The table syssqltrace_iter
provides information in the form of an iterator tree for each sql. This allows you to know what part of your plan took the mosttime to run.
These two tables allow you to use the information gathered from SQLtracing, and will allow you to generate reports, and diagnose problemSQL more efficiently.Mark Jamison
One of the new features in Cheetah is the ability to enable tracing for SQL. While this has been available in limited method though the use of the IBM product I-SPY, the drawback before has always been the performance hit to actually monitor this information. That limitation is effectively eliminated with this feature in Cheetah. So how is SQL Tracing enabled? It's actually pretty simple, one way is to just put SQLTRACE in your ONCONFIG. One configuration I use most often is:
This allows me to keep track of the last 1000 sql statements on the instance.
However ONCONFIG is not the only way to enable tracing, you can also dothis through the sysadmin database by running the following:
EXECUTE FUNCTION task("set sql tracing on", 1000, 2,"low","global");
So by using either of the above methods you now have enabled SQLRACE, buthow do you validate it. The easiest method is by running :
onstat -g his
Below is a sample of onstat -g his output.
In Part 2 we will look at how to read this in SQL, and possible optionsfor the data.
There is good news for those who were downloading the Node.1.0 DataBlade
from the developer works
and using it AS-IS. As per policy there is no support for AS-IS software downloaded from the developer works.
Node DataBlade creates an Informix DataBlade with a node opaque type data that addresses the problem of transitive closure/hierarchical data queries.
From IDS V11.10 onwards, Node.2.0 DataBlade (with some added functionality) is being bundled as one of the default DataBlades along with the server. That means moving forward Node.2.0 DataBlade (and subsequent higher versions) would be eligible for support. Anup Nair
If you use Enterprise Replication(ER), you can use onstat -g rqm to print the statistics and contents of the low-levelqueues managed by the Reliable Queue Manager(RQM). From IDS 10.00.xC7 onwards, a new option to print information aboutthe sbspaces configured for ER is available.
onstat -g rqm SBPACES prints detailed statistical information about the sbspaces configured for CDR_QDATA_SBSPACE.A sample output is shown below:
$ onstat -g rqm SBSPACES
IBM Informix Dynamic Server Version 11.10.FC1 -- On-Line -- Up 00:18:03 -- 67584 Kbytes
RQM Space Statistics for CDR_QDATA_SBSPACE:-------------------------------------------name/addr number used free total %full pathname0xda3d088 2 1 4586 4587 0./replsbs replsbs 2 1 4586 4587 0
0xda539c0 3 1 4586 4587 0./sbsp1 sbsp1 3 2 9172 9174 0
As you can see it prints the address of the chunk or name of the sbspace, chunk/space number, total pages, free pages,percentage used and path name for the chunks. The information printed is for each chunk in a sbspace followed bysbspace itself. In this case replsbs and sbsp1 are the sbspaces configured for CDR_QDATA_SBSPACE. Suma Vinod
On IDS version 11.10 a significant amount of focus has been given to automatically keep administrators up-to-date on database performance. Several performance advisory triggers added to Informix server to flag administrator once a threshold reached. The IDS will automatically calculate different thresholds based on current database activities and generate an appropriate performance advisory in message log (MSGPATH).
Following is a list of performance advisory available in IDS version 11.10:
- Physical log too small for RTO_SERVER_RESTART
- IDS server boot time too long
- Physical log too small
- Logical log too small
- Long transactions blocking checkpoints
- Physical log too small to accommodate bufferpool flushing
- Logical log too small to accommodate bufferpool flushing
- Physical log too small to accommodate automatic checkpoints
- Logical log too small to accommodate automatic checkpoints
- Bufferpool flushing
In this article we will discuss about the checkpoint related advisory. The 'onstat -g ckp' command has introduced with IDS version 11.10 to get checkpoint information and checkpoint related advisory. This command will display checkpoint related configuration parameters recommendation, once a sub-optimal configuration detected.
Following configuration parameters can significantly impact performance of IDS:
During checkpoint IDS will evaluate checkpoint related configuration parameters and produce a performance advisory once a sub-optimal configuration detected. If configuration parameters is not tune properly, database server can encounter block during checkpoint.
Following is an example of 'onstat -g ckp' command output:
The description of 'onstat -g ckp' command output:
- The first section of the display describes checkpoint information
- The second section of 'onstat -g ckp' output describe the checkpoint related advisory
In the above example physical log file size (PHYSFILE) was set to 15000 Kbytes. During checkpoint IDS evaluate the configuration parameters and found out physical log size was small, which can cause checkpoint block, and suggested PHYSFILE value as 16800 Kbytes.
The checkpoint performance advisory also available in the message log file. Following is an example of message log with a checkpoint performance advisory:
I don't know about the rest of you, but I have had a lot ofproblems truly determining if my SQL Cache settings are efficient. If my UserDefined Routine (UDR) cache, for example, always seems to be 50% full, does that mean thecache only uses 50% and so the settings are to high, or are they at 50% becauseI'm constantly cleaning the pools, and thus I'm configured too low. Beginning in Cheetah you now have a means to diagnose thattype of information, and it's located in the sysmaster database. The table name is syssqlcacheprof, and it contains profileinformation for each of the caches.
Below is a sample output from this table:
As you can see in the above you can now quickly identify how often the cache is removing entries (orcleaning), and what the efficiency is of your cache, in terms of a hit rate. Infact a very simple query that could be used for analyzing the hit ratio for the caches would be:
select *, (hits/(hits+misses)) hit_ratio from syssqlcacheprof
This table also provides youthe benefit of quickly seeing how much memory each cache is actually using,something that before Cheetah was a bit awkward to calculate. While not a major feature of Cheetah, this new sysmaster table is a valuable new asset in performance tuning.
feature was actually introduced in IDS starting with 10.00.xC4 version but with restrictions and one of the restrictions was it did not work on Enterprise Replication
replicated tables. But starting with Cheetah release this will be supported even on the replicated tables. This feature introduces TRUNCATE TABLE as a supported operation on a replicated table while replication is active, which basically eliminates need for dropping and redefining the replicate and saves time for DBAs. This feature will support TRUNCATE TABLE on local table only, meaning ER will not propagate the TRUNCATE operation to other participants
. The TRUNCATE command needs to be issued on each participant as needed. There are plans to implement the propagation of command in future along with other alter operations(ALTER, RENAME).
One of the key uses of TRUNCATE support which is in conjunction with cdr sync
is, if there is a significant difference between the source and the target, the customer might elect to perform a truncate table followed by a cdr


thick and thin
Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to: navigation, search
thick and thin (uncountable)
 1. Both thickets and thin woodland; (through) all obstacles in a path.
 - c. 1390, Geoffrey Chaucer, "The Reeve's Tale", Canterbury Tales, Ellesmere ms:
 Toward the fen / ther wilde Mares renne / fforth with wehee / thurgh thikke and thurgh thenne []
 His tyreling Jade he fiersly forth did push / Through thicke and thin, both over banck and bush []
 2. (idiomatic) Both good and bad times.
 "I must follow him through thick and thin." - Miguel de Cervantes[1]
 - Hudibras
 Through thick and thin she followed him.
 - Coleridge
Derived terms[edit]


How to serve HTML and CSS files using express.js
Writing a whole code in JavaScript file is a mess and not a maintainable. As a good developer, we have to write maintainable code which can be maintained by developers easily in the future. To make this possible in the express framework it serves HTML and CSS files.
Code for serving HTML and CSS files in Express
In the below code, I have created an HTML file in which external CSS is used to change the style of the page. This HTML file is served by express in the port number 3000.
app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname,'CSS')); //This command is used to serve the CSS files which are kept in the CSS folder from the working directory.
res.sendFile(path.join(__dirname,'HTML','text.html');// This command is used to send HTML file which is kept in the HTML folder from the working directory and serve to the browser when URL match to the scripts.
const express = require('express');
const app = express();
const path = require('path');
This file serves as to the browser when URL match with 'localhost:3000/html' which will show a text with background yellow applied by the external CSS.


Edit Article
 - 14 Editors
 - Edited
Four Parts:Making the WashFermentationDistillationFinishing off the Rum
Yield: Approximately 2-3 L (0.5 - 0.8 gallons) rum
 - 2.5 kg (5.5 lbs) molasses
 - 2.5 kg (5.5 lbs) processed sugar
 - 20 L (5.2 gal) distilled water
 - 42.5g (1.5 ounces )hydrated yeast
 - Additional distilled water to dilute the final solution
Part 1 of 4: Making the Wash
 1. Make Rum Step 1.jpg
 Begin by placing 20 L of water in a clean boiler. The operative word is clean. The slightest bit of contamination can spoil the rum. Before you start, make sure you're dealing with the cleanest ingredients and a sanitary area.
 - Clean and then submerge any utensils you will be using in boiling water. Turn the heat off the boiling water and soak your pot or barrel in the near-boiling water. Then dump the water. This will help kill off any potentially harmful germs.
 2. Make Rum Step 2.jpg
 Dissolve both the sugar and molasses in 20 liters of water over medium heat. The sugar will dissolve easily, but the molasses will be tougher dissolve, as it is very sticky. Try not to boil the water. Continue to let it heat up until bubbles just start to form, and then turn the burner off.
 3. Make Rum Step 3.jpg
 Cool the solution to 28 °C (82 °F) and add the hydrated yeast. You may find it helpful to take out about 1 liter of the mash in a jug first; try dissolving the yeast in the smaller jug. Then, when the mixture begins to foam up, incorporate with the rest of the wort.
Part 2 of 4: Fermentation
 1. Make Rum Step 4.jpg
 Allow solution to ferment at 25° C (77° F) until the airlock on your pot stops bubbling. The yeast needs heat to keep converting sugar to alcohol. So be sure to store the wash in a warm place or keep the room artificially heated. The airlock on the pot will let the carbon dioxide out without letting oxygen in.[1] It should take about 24 - 48 hours for the airlock to stop bubbling.
 - The airlock is a really important piece of the fermentation process. You can make an airlock yourself pretty easily, or you can buy one inexpensively.
 - Either way, be sure the airlock fits well and doesn't let additional air into the container. Why is it important that no air gets into the wash? The yeast feeds on oxygen from the sugar molecules, leaving ethyl alcohol behind (and spitting out carbon dioxide). If the yeast has a continuous supply of oxygen to eat, it won't be effective scavenging the oxygen from the sugar molecules.[2]
 2. Make Rum Step 5.jpg
 Once airlock has finished bubbling, allow the wash to sit for 3-7 days. You can use a hydrometer to test when the wash is ready. Hydrometers measure the ratio of a density of a liquid to the density of water. Measure once a day starting on the day when your wash should be finished. Take a bit of wash out of the container and put it into a graduated cylinder. Float the hydrometer into the cylinder, gently swirling the cylinder to release any bubbles. When you get the same reading on the hydrometer for three days straight, your wash is ready to distill.
 3. 3
 Knock your yeast down by lowering the temperature. At this point, your yeast may still be on the surface of your wash. Allowing the yeast to enter the still during distillation will cause bad smells and flavors.[3] To knock the yeast down to the bottom of the wash, you should move your wash to a cool place — ideally, 10° - 14° C (50° - 57° F) — and wait up to two days. At this point, you can siphon your wash directly into the still or rack it and save a part of the yeast for another batch in the refrigerator.
Part 3 of 4: Distillation
 1. Make Rum Step 6.jpg
 Place a collection vessel under the distillate valve to catch your alcohol solution. It's very important that all connections are tightly sealed and fit well.
 2. Make Rum Step 7.jpg
 Connect a water source to coolant input. You want a water source to cool the alcohol vapor. As the alcohol vapor cools, it condenses into liquid ethanol. This will then drip from the condenser into a collection vessel.
 3. Make Rum Step 8.jpg
 Now siphon the solution into the still. Be sure to siphon the wash carefully, avoiding the bottom, where the yeast collected.
 - A siphon is a tube or conduit bent into legs of unequal length, for use in drawing a liquid from one container into another on a lower level. Siphoning works by placing the shorter leg into the container above and the longer leg into the one below. The liquid is forced up the shorter leg and into the longer leg by the pressure of the atmosphere.
 4. Make Rum Step 9.jpg
 Begin slowly bringing the solution to a boil. For rum, a slow boil is best; no need to crank it up. Begin running cold water once the solution reaches between 50-60°C (122-140 °F). The solution will start distilling when clear drops of liquid start to exit the spout into the collection vessel.
 5. 5
 Discard the first 100mL (3.38 fl. ounces) of clear liquid. This is called the "heads," and is routinely discarded for safety precautions. The heads contains volatile methanol, which can lethal if ingested. Better to be safe than sorry, especially when you're distilling three liters of spirit.
 6. Make Rum Step 10.jpg
 Collect the next 2-3 L of distillate exiting the spout. Stop collecting once temperature reached 96 °C (204.8 °F).
 7. Make Rum Step 11.jpg
 Turn off the heat source, then turn off the cold water.
 8. Make Rum Step 13.jpg
 Open the lid to still so as to avoid creating a vacuum inside your still.
Part 4 of 4: Finishing off the Rum
 1. 1
 Age your rum in oak barrels or toasted oak (optional). Often, rum is aged in toasted oak barrels for 10 years or longer to add depth of flavor and color. If you don't have the luxury of a toasted oak barrel, or 10 years' time, you can safely soak your rum in toasted oak chips for three weeks to impart a signature taste. Filter your rum through a cheesecloth or clean cotton shirt to catch any of the wood particles.
 2. Make Rum Step 14.jpg
 Use water to dilute alcohol to expected proof. Depending on the reflux still, your undiluted rum can be up to 95% alcohol, which is dangerously strong for consumption. Use a dilution calculator to bring your rum down to around 45% for the best taste experience.
 3. Make Rum Step 15.jpg
 Add flavors of other additives to improve the taste. Make spiced rum by adding cinnamon, ginger, and cloves to the final rum mixture, soaking for 1 - 2 weeks. Some choose to add a small amount of caramelized sugar to the rum.
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Don't say: Eat more fats.
 - Fractional distillation (the type of still here, a reflux still, is a form of fractional distillation) is normally required to achieve percentages as high as 95%, and is more common to rum specifically. Pot still distillation (as used for whiskey, many other alcohols, and some so-called "full-flavored" rums) is nearer to 70% (in double-distiller process) or 80-88% (in a triple distillation).
 - Common flavorings used in rums are: coconut extract (clear), sugar cane juice. One common (and perhaps overall the most common) to all but white flavored rums is molasses. A flavoring in gold and spiced rum is often caramel. Spiced rum may have cinnamon extract (certainly tiny amounts), or honey. Another possibility for Haitian-inspired rums might also include tiny amounts of mace extract and/or the flowers of basil.
 - Try using a larger pot next time. Other wise you will have one gooey mess. Also a funnel would help when pouring into containers.


text:
Abundant, versatile and portable, the paper medium offers a glimpse at the immediacy of creation and artistic freedom. As Signac used to approach compositions on paper to break with the impressionist credo of working outside, lots of artists used it to explore its diverse features through different styles and techniques throughout art history. From the sensuality of a nude to the dynamic lines of abstraction, works on paper enhanced the creative process of artists, transcending the paper to create their own unique features. Fifty Works on Paper Vol. II presents thrilling examples of ways modern and post war artists embraced this multifaceted medium.
Press release courtesy Bailly Gallery.


text:
Public Libraries and State Networking Branch
Origins of the Public Libraries and State Networking Branch trace to 1902 when the State Library Commission was created. Commission responsibilities for public library development were assigned to the Office of Public Libraries under the State Board of Education in 1935, and to the Division of Library Extension from 1947 to 1971. Within the Division of Library Development and Services, the Public Libraries Branch was formed in 1971 and renamed the Public Libraries and State Networking Branch in 1988. The Branch provides leadership and technical assistance to improve library service.
Maryland State Library for the Blind and Physically Handicapped
415 Park Ave.
Baltimore, MD 21201
The Maryland State Library for the Blind and Physically Handicapped opened in 1968. The Library serves eligible blind and physically handicapped residents of Maryland. It is the Maryland regional library under the National Library Services for the Blind and Physically Handicapped of the Library of Congress.
The State Library Network
The Branch also oversees the State Library Network through which Maryland residents obtain library materials and gain access to information not available in their local library. The Network provides interlibrary loan, direct lending of materials, technical assistance to libraries, and staff training. More than 400 Maryland libraries participate in the State Library Network. These include public, university, college and community college libraries. The Network is centered at Enoch Pratt Free Library in Baltimore.
The Network is aided by several regional resource centers:
the State Library Resource Center (Baltimore City)
the Eastern Shore Regional Library, Inc. (Salisbury)
the Southern Maryland Regional Library Association (Charlotte Hall), and
the Western Maryland Regional Library (Hagerstown).
State Library Resource Center
Enoch Pratt Free Library
400 Cathedral St.
Baltimore, MD 21201
In 1971, the Central Library of the Enoch Pratt Free Library System was designated as the State Library Resource Center. The Center lends books and other materials to libraries in the State Library Network from sources within Maryland and out of State via the Maryland Interlibrary Loan Organization. It also provides information to State government through the Government Reference Service.
The Center administers Sailor, Maryland's online electronic information network. Overseen by the Division of Library Development and Services in conjunction with the Center, Sailor connects Marylanders to information resources within the State and worldwide. It also provides access to Internet resources. Sailor allows users to identify and locate books; articles in magazines, newspapers, and journals; answers to specific questions; or information on a particular topic. It gives information about services of public and private agencies; and government information, such as proposed legislation, job listings, and census data. Sailor is available without charge through all public library systems and by dial access on modem-equipped computers.
Page updated: 07.28.10


Serbian troches
from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Serbian troche is a trochaic fivelifter without a caesura and rhyming, whereby individual troches can also be replaced by spondes. The designation goes back to the catalectic ten-syllable of the Serbian folk poetry, in particular the Serbian heroic songs, and was introduced into German poetry through their reproduction with Trochaic five-pointers by Johann Gottfried Herder. In the following examples can be found mainly in (historical) ballads by Gottfried August Bürger, Johann Wolfgang Goethe ( lament of the noble women of Asan Aga, The Bride of Corinth ), Friedrich Rückert, August von Platen ( Abbasids ), Emanuel Geibel, Conrad Ferdinand Meyer, Gottfried Keller, Detlev von Liliencron, Agnes Miegel ( Duke Samo ), Josef Weinträger ( The Trochäus ) and Max Mell ( The Fair Weather Witch ).
As an example from Platen's verse epic The Abbasids the first verses:
A thousand tents were pitched
through the field at the gates of Baghdad,
To celebrate the festival of the new year:
On the throne sat the great Harun
As caliph with all signs of dignity,
ring in the circle his crown officials [...]
Individual evidence
 1. ^ August Graf von Platen: The Abbassids. In: Collected works of Count August von Platen. Volume 4. JG Cotta, Stuttgart and Tübingen 1847, p. 227.


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Shareholder Newsletters / Reports
Why are annual reports necessary for Japanese companies?
In recent years, the stock prices of Japanese companies have been greatly influenced by overseas investors. At the same time, the percentage of Japanese stocks held by overseas investors has grown to unprecedented levels. Accordingly, IR activities geared toward overseas investors have become important for all Japanese companies, not just those listed on overseas markets, in maintaining the fair values of their shares and strengthening their shareholder bases. Annual reports are among the most trusted of the various IR communication tools. This is because annual reports include financial statements that have been audited by the independent auditors, and therefore contain the resulting auditor's report. They also contain a variety of qualitative information, such as that pertaining to the management strategies developed by the company's senior management. It is for these reasons that annual reports are seen as the only IR tool that assists investors in comprehensively evaluating and analyzing a company's corporate value.
What are the key elements of a superior annual report?
For Japanese companies, annual reports are a document that lacks legal requirements on the information disclosed. Accordingly, the format and standards for disclosure are not subject to regulation. As a result, this allows Japanese companies to be creative when planning the content and visual presentation of the report, in turn enabling them to differentiate themselves from their competitors. However, what is important in producing an annual report is to consider the prevailing global standards and ensure that the level of information included, as well as the quality of the report, lives up to the expectations of investors. In particular, investors, who are the primary readers of annual reports, expect the annual report to paint a clear picture of management's thoughts in such areas as the management vision, growth strategies, and capital management. A superior annual report, on the other hand, must include highly reliable financial information. At the same time, it must convey a strong message that communicates the intentions of a company's senior management.
How should the target audience of an annual report be considered?
Annual reports are generally created for the purpose of conducting IR activities. For this reason, the primary targets of these reports are shareholders and other investors. In saying this, however, there are several companies that use these reports as a form of PR, advertising their business activities or the company itself. In actuality, annual reports are used in a variety of ways throughout a company's business activities. However, the information communicated through IR activities varies from those communicated through PR or marketing activities. In certain cases, these activities may communicate contradicting messages. While annual reports may be used for a variety of means, it is impossible to make a report that can meet the needs of every reader. In producing an annual report, it is necessary to consider the fact that the interests of the stakeholders reading the report vary. However, the goal of an annual report should always be meeting the information needs of shareholders and other investors, particularly institutional investors.
How can an annual report be made into a strategic communication tool to be used in a company's IR activities?
Annual reports should not been seen as a passive communication tool for merely reporting business results. If an annual report is simply seen as an English-language business report—only offering information such as overviews of performance, business operations, and financial indexes—then it is probably a waste of the company's time and money. Instead, an annual report should be seen as an active communication tool. In order to make an annual report into such a tool, it is first necessary to gain a clear understanding of how the company is evaluated by capital markets and investors. Following this, the company must analyze these trends to develop IR scenarios that guide such evaluations in a positive direction over the medium to long term. The company should then clarify the roles of all of its IR activities and IR communication tools, including its annual report, and consider what messages should be communicated in different situations and by which tool.
What can be said about the recent rise in companies producing Japanese-language annual reports?
Traditionally, annual reports in Japan have been thought of as an IR communication tool published in English for the benefit of overseas investors. However, in recent years, roughly half of the companies that publish annual reports have begun publishing Japanese-language annual reports in addition to English-language annual reports. One reason for this trend is the fact that annual reports are a very useful IR communication tool for Japanese institutional investors and securities analysts. This has resulted in a growing demand for Japanese-language annual reports. Another reason is the fact that distributing annual reports only to overseas investors contradicts a company's efforts to practice fair disclosure. Going forward, the number of companies publishing Japanese-language annual reports is expected to continue increasing.
Are there trends for annual reports?
The development of annual reports and the information contained within them changes with each coming year in response to fluctuations in the operating environment related to corporate management and IR activities. In particular, in recent years there has been a growing trend toward bolstering the amount of information on a company's policies regarding such areas as corporate governance, corporate social responsibility (CSR), capital management, shareholder returns, and corporate value. Further, companies have been shifting away from focusing on only the disclosure and analysis of quantitative information, such as that related to the company's business performance and financial condition. Instead, they have been increasingly turning their attention toward developing innovative new means of communicating the strengths of their intangible assets. These intangible assets, such as superior human resources and technologies or brand value, help a company compete in markets. In this way, annual reports differ greatly from securities reports and other forms of formulaic disclosure that primarily consist of written information and that has to follow legally regulated formats. Annual reports are able to use an attractive visual design to paint a clear picture of the company by appealing to one's sense of vision—which is the greatest strength of an annual report.
What are the costs of producing an annual report and how much time is needed?
The costs of outsourcing the production of an annual report (outsourcing costs) vary dependent on the range of services that are outsourced. There are cases in which companies only outsource the English-language translation, design, and layout aspects of production, and those in which planning, research, and drafting are also outsourced. Costs also vary based on such factors as the number of pages and the number of reports printed, as well as the need for photography sessions. Generally, the production process takes approximately 6 months from the initial planning phase to the delivery of the final printed product. For example, the production process for a company that settles its accounts on March 31 would generally have planning conducted in January or February, research conducted in March or April, drafts constructed in May, the design and layout completed in June, and the delivery of the final product in July.
How should an annual report be positioned in an IR program?
The position of the annual report in an IR program should be as the most important of the communication tools that form the core of the program. This is because of the inherent value of annual reports that stems from the audited financial statements included within them and the clear picture they paint of such factors as the company's management policies and growth strategies. Annual reports should also be used to illustrate the company's strengths and growth scenarios from a long-term perspective, something not necessarily accomplished by quarterly financial statements and the IR activities that accompany them. The production of an annual report requires the departments responsible for its production to work together with the senior management of the company. The time and effort expended on this process helps develop a consensus throughout the company regarding the direction of its IR activities. This in turn leads to the improvement of the company's IR program as a whole.
What are some key points for effectively utilizing an annual report?
Annual reports should be used as an active communication tool for raising awareness of the company and its business activities. This can be done by utilizing commercial mailing lists to send annual reports directly to potential investors, such as institutional investors dealing in Japanese stock, as well as to shareholders and other investors that are aware of the company. Annual reports can also be used to facilitate discussions during visits by overseas investors and during overseas IR presentations. By sending the company's annual report to such investors before meeting with them, the company is able to engage in more-efficient discussions as the investors will already have a basic understanding of the company. Of course, it goes without saying that in order for these methods to be effective, a company must first produce an annual report that is rich in content.
How are listed companies utilizing shareholder newsletters and reports?
In Japan, shareholder newsletters and reports are seen as the definitive IR tool for engaging in communication with shareholders, and accordingly the majority of listed companies publish them. These documents are usually sent to all shareholders following shareholder meetings, and are an important tool for communicating the details of the company's financial condition and dividends in the fiscal year, as well as the status of management. However, the traditional "report" format of these publications tends to be overly formulaic and suffers from a lack of useful information, and therefore they cannot be considered useful IR communication tools for a company's shareholders. Recently though, several companies have begun radically overhauling these documents, revising such areas as the timing of their publication, their content, and their design. The end result is a business report in the form of a "shareholder newsletter" that is easier for shareholders to read and that features a wealth of valuable information. Also, it has become increasingly more common for companies to use these documents as a tool to acquire new shareholders, as well as to inform existing ones.
What is the role of shareholder newsletters and reports in an IR program?
Business has entered into an era characterized by companies engaging in aggressive M&A activities. In this environment, listed companies are faced with the ever-more-important management issues of maintaining the fair value of their stock and acquiring long-term investors. Following the recent breakdown of the cross-holding system common in Japan, it has


Getting the message "Please check the Removable Storage Management MMC"
Problem Restoring Data When Duplicate Media Names Exist
If you use Windows 2000 Backup with a stand-alone tape unit and a single
scheduled backup job, when you attempt to restore your data you may
experience difficulty selecting the correct media name.
Even though you have selected the correct media name and you are sure that
the media you are using has that media name, after you click the Start
Restore button, you may receive the following messages:
Waiting for tape
Tape loading in process… Click Cancel to stop.
Requesting tape: media name
Then you receive the following message:
Place Media media name into drive or library unit
After short a period of time, Ntbackup replaces the blue progress bar with
the following message and the only option is to Cancel:
Please check the Removable Storage Management MMC.
All media that is used for a backup or restore, or that is prepared for
use, is entered into the Removable Storage database. Duplicate media names
are permitted because each medium has a Global Unique Identifier (GUID).
Delete all of the duplicate media names, so that you can restore from a
specific tape.
To delete duplicate media names from the Removable Storage database, follow
these steps:
1. Remove any media from the tape unit.
2. From within the Backup utility, click the Restore tab.
3. In the left pane, expand the Media Pool that represents where
particular media is stored (such as Travan, 4mm DDS, or miniQIC).
4. In the right pane, select all duplicate media names by holding down the
CTRL key, and then clicking each duplicate media name.
5. On the Tools menu, point to Media Tools, and then click Delete from
6. In the Warning dialog box, click Yes to confirm the action.
7. While the Backup program is running, insert the backup media from which
you want to restore your data. The media name will be restored to the
default backup media pool and the Removable Storage database.
After you complete these steps, you will be able to restore your data from
the specific tape that you put in the tape unit.
To avoid this problem, use a separate backup job, and separate media, for
each backup. For example, a Monday through Friday backup scheme would
require you to schedule a backup job for each day, with a corresponding
unique name for the media used for each backup job.
This behavior is by design.
Removable Storage provides the infrastructure necessary to share media
among various applications; it also ensures that all media are used in such
a way as to preserve the data they contain. Removable Storage accomplishes
this by identifying and verifying the identity of each medium.
For more information about how Removable Storage verifies the identity of
media, see "Media Identification and Naming" in Chapter 2 of the Windows
2000 Server Resource Kit Operations Guide.
The information in this article applies to:
o Microsoft Windows 2000 Server
o Microsoft Windows 2000 Advanced Server
o Microsoft Windows 2000 Professional


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Networks of philosophers, networks of composers
Randall Collins (University of Pennsylvania)
Networks are the actors on the stage of intellectual history– this was the program of The Sociology of Philosophies (Collins 1997). SP found that intergenerational networks of masters and pupils, plus horizontal networks of young compatriots launching their careers, shaped the creativity of philosophers and scientists. Collins' current project applies similar methods to musical composers in Europe from 1600 to 1930. Creative eminence clusters both across generations and in contemporary alliances and rivalries. Shifts in material and organizational bases re-organize the networks and generate new styles: for philosophers, these are the rise and fall of religions, schools and universities. For composers, shifts among church careers, elite patronage, commercial performances, and publishing music for amateurs; for the most modern developments, the rise of music academies. In the natural sciences, networks of laboratory equipment became cyborg genealogies (one research tool becoming modified or recombined with another), fostering the careers of the humans who interpreted their products. In music, genealogies of instruments became a cyborg network of instrument makers and composers that move the center of creativity and fame.


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The flap book for the Medina Arabic book for infants and toddlers was such a success here alhamdulillah that I made a quick and simple extension for it insha'Allah. I did this based on what I observed here: the flap that had the masjid under it is the one that has enjoyed being lifted over and over and over again alhamdulillah. So I made a simple flap book containing different colour masaajid. This flap book extends the learning to include colour words in Arabic insha'Allah. This book is called 'Hatha Masjid' (This masjid).
I also added another element to this little flap book based on another observation: the board books that have touch and feel aspects to them are very popular and when a board book is read that does not have that feature, the little hands feel the page searching for something to touch and feel. So this book has a sensory aspect to it as well insha'Allah. You can expand on this idea to include things that you notice about your infant/toddler insha'Allah. For example, the masaajid in this little flap book are made out of foam but you can include felt, velvet, flannel, sandpaper, etc. or whatever other safe material you feel will offer your child a sensory experience insha'Allah.
This little flap book is made in much the same way as the Medina Arabic Book for Infants & Toddlers and because it is basic, it takes less time to construct insha'Allah. Here is the Arabic text (with English translation) that I used in the book.
An additional extension to the Medina Arabic Book for Infants & Toddlers is to gather objects that are represented in the pictures under the flaps. For example, a small wooden house, a real key, a small wooden chair from a doll house, etc. Place 3 items on a tray along with the book Ma Hatha? (What is this?). After reading the book to the infant or toddler, take the three items off of the tray and place them from right to left (not left to right if you are trying to teach the child to read Arabic) on a work mat (read about how/why work mats are used in Montessori education here insha'Allah). Ask the child, "Please give me the house." Continue asking for objects until the child successfully gives you the object you ask for with ease and accuracy insha'Allah. If the child hands you an object that you did not ask for, simply say, "Jazakum Allahu Khayr. That is a (key for example). Please hand me the house insha'Allah." Increase the number of objects once the child acquires skill and proficiency insha'Allah.


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China. "My China" is the cockney rhyming slang for "China plate" (meaning "my mate"). In South Africa, My China means a friend/mate.
Why do South Africans say BRÜ?
bro/bra/bru/boet/boetie – a close male friend and a term of affection used by one male to another. All words are variations of the word "broer" in Afrikaans meaning "brother". Boetie (Pronounced 'Boet – tea') specifically means little brother in Afrikaans because of the "ie" diminutive suffix.
Why do South Africans say my boy?
"He's gatvol!" could mean "He's had enough!". This Zulu word is usually expressed for something unbelievable. Technically it means "Yes, no". The phrase is used to express agreement or confirmation with someone or something.
What does Chana mean in South Africa?
chana. This does not come from the isiZulu word for nephew. It is simply a misspelling of the Cockney rhyming slang for "mate" – china (plate). —
What does Esvaar mean?
Eswar is a Boy/Male baby name and origin is Hindu, Indian, Telugu. Eswar, Boy/Male means: God. In Hindu, Indian, Telugu, the name Eswar is most often used as the name of a Boy/Male. And in Hindu, Indian, Telugu, the Boy/Male name Eswar means God.
How do u say hello in South Africa?
1. Howzit – A traditional South African greeting that translates roughly as "How are you?" or simply "Hello". 2. Heita – An urban and rural greeting used by South Africans.
What does hongi mean in South Africa?
The meaning of hongi roughly translates to the "sharing of breath," which is a fairly significant gesture. Once a visitor, also referred to as a manuhiri, enacts the hongi with a local, a sense of responsibility is also imparted to that individual about their place in the delicate ecosystem of the island.
What does Mara mean in South Africa?
Mara (pron. mah-rah) – but (eg. ' mara why?' – ' but why?) [from the Afrikaans word 'maar' meaning 'but']
What does lekker mean in South Africa?
– Lekker: An Afrikaans word meaning superb or fantastic which is applied equally to a person, object or event.
What does phara mean in South Africa?
Also known as phara-phara. A term that refers to a drug addict who often terrorizes the community through criminal activities. The term is mostly used in Xhosa and Zulu speaking communities. In Gauteng, this person would be called a Nyaope Boy.
Does China mean friend?
China (meaning friend) is probably originally from Cockney rhyming slang spoken by British immigrants (china plate meaning my mate).
What does the word cookies mean in South Africa?
biscuit: In South Africa a cookie is known as a "biscuit". The word is also a term of affection, as in, "Hey, you biscuit". … boet: [like "book", with a t] A term of affection, from the Afrikaans for "brother".


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Food & Farm News
» July 5, 2005 «
Things are looking up, literally, for overseas shipments of California farm goods. A study predicts that airplanes will carry a larger share of the state's farm exports. The report, issued by California State University, Fresno, says the value of airborne farm exports has increased sharply the past four years. Most of those shipments head to Asia. But one of the study's authors predicts that inland airports will begin non-stop, passenger and freight service to European cities.
The situation has changed since the government last surveyed horse owners about how they protect their animals' health. In the seven years since the last nationwide survey, West Nile virus began striking horses. The disease killed more than 200 California horses last year, and sickened hundreds more. Horses can be vaccinated against the disease. About 200 Californians who own horses and other equines will be asked to participate in the health-management survey.
Modified management of grazing lands improves water quality while providing ranchers with economic benefits, according to rangeland specialists. University of California farm advisors say ranchers can reduce runoff into streams by slowing irrigation rates on hillside pastures. They say that moving cattle from pasture to pasture at certain times also benefits grazing lands and the streams that flow through them.
To avoid flooding this spring, a study says reservoir operators released enough water to accommodate more than 1 million Californians. That water flowed through the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, unused, into the Pacific Ocean. The California Farm Water Coalition says the released water was above that needed to serve environmental needs in the delta. It urged the state to consider additional storage for water that's available during similar high flows.Top


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A viewer asked "Todd, why does fog form so often on fall mornings?"
That's a great question! And remember, fog is actually just a cloud that forms close to the ground. The ingredients needed for it tend to come together during the long, cool nights of fall.
Autumn days can still get relatively warm, with plenty of invisible water vapor in the air. Clear, lengthening nights allow the air to become saturated as it cools to the dew point temperature.
Fog forms from the ground up, becoming thickets around dawn.
After sunrise, heating from the sun and the mixing of higher altitude winds down to the Earth's surface help to dissipate fog layers.


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5:30 pm to 6:30 pm
The paper examines how California Indians resisted the pull of assimilation to non-Indian culture and undermined the homogeneity of federal Indian citizenship policy in the early twentieth century. Prior to 1924, Indians wishing to become United States citizens had to first demonstrate their assimilation to American culture through the ownership and appropriate use of land. In this way, the Indian Office hoped to align the individual, functional relationship with the state to an affective sympathy with the collective national culture. But this paper provides two case studies of how Indians navigated the crosscurrents of federal Indian policy, leveraging citizenship and off-reservation employment to strengthen Indian communities.
AIS seminar papers are pre-circulated electronically two weeks prior to the seminar date. Email _EMAIL_ to request a copy of the paper. Please do not request a paper unless you plan to attend.


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Microcosm, with partners Space Micro and HRP Systems, will design, build, and test a plug-and play (PnP) star sensor for small satellites, achieving TRL 6 at the completion of Phase II. All three companies are very experienced in developing PnP systems. On a recent Phase II Air Force SBIR program, Microcosm built and tested a prototype miniature star sensor called MicroMakTM
, and is building a prototype radiation hard star sensor under a new Phase II Air Force SBIR. The new star sensor proposed here will focus on PnP compatibility for NASA missions of interest, with a mass goal of 0.5 to 0.75 kg. Anticipated NASA applications necessitate a modified version of the baseline MicroMakTM
sensor, including: 1) Interfaces compatible with a new PnP avionics architecture, 2) radiation-hardened CMOS focal plane arrays (FPAs), and 3) processing electronics to enable longer mission life. The baseline MicroMakTM
sensor was designed with inherent radiation-tolerant features: FPAs with no direct view of space, and all-reflective optical elements. The PnP star sensor will leverage MicroMakTM
heritage, providing a modular, PnP, long-life star sensor for NASA missions, providing a cost and mass reduction of a factor of 2 or more over existing star sensors.


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|The Field Description of Igneous Rocks, Second Edition|
|by ||Dougal Jerram|
|Year Published: ||2011|
|Total Pages: ||256|
|Product Code: ||ROCKS|
|The Second Edition of this unique pocket field guide has been thoroughly revised and updated to include advances in physical volcanology, emplacement of magmas and interpreting structures and textures in igneous rocks. The book integrates new field based techniques (AMS and geophysical studies of pluton shape) with new topics on magma mixing and mingling, sill emplacement and magma sediment interaction. Part of the successful Field Guide series, this book includes revised sections on granitic and basaltic rocks and for the first time a new chapter on the engineering properties of igneous rocks.
The Geological Field Guide Series is specifically designed for scientists and students to use in the field when information and resources may be more difficult to access.
Many editions have been updated for 2011 and the guides are:
- Student-friendly in design and cost