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Mateljan Family History
Mateljan Surname History
There is a Mateljan family story that the Mateljan family originated in Holland but moved into Croatia about 1300 years ago. From Croatia, branches of the family moved to the United States and Australia. This Mateljan research page contains the accumulated history of the Mateljan last name made up of user-contributed content from other AncientFaces users. The Mateljan family is an old family line that has spread all across the world over time, and as the Mateljan family has migrated it has changed, making it's history challenging to uncover.
According to one Mateljan family story, the Mateljan crest originated in Holland. Around 1300 years ago, the family migrated to Croatia and hundreds of years later, one branch went to America (after World War II) and one branch went to Australia (see "fun facts" below for information on the Australian branch.)
Mateljan country of origin
No content has been submitted about the Mateljan country of origin. The following is speculative information about Mateljan. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
The nationality of Mateljan may be very difficult to determine because country boundaries change over time, leaving the original nationality a mystery. The original ethnicity of Mateljan may be difficult to determine based on whether the surname originated organically and independently in multiple locales; e.g. in the case of names that are based on a professional trade, which can crop up in multiple countries independently (such as the name "Brewster" which refers to a female brewer).
Meaning of the last name Mateljan
No content has been submitted about the meaning of Mateljan. The following is speculative information about Mateljan. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
The meaning of Mateljan come may come from a trade, such as the name "Dean" which may have been adopted by members of the clergy. Some of these trade-based last names might be a profession in a different language. Because of this it is essential to know the nationality of a name, and the languages used by its early ancestors. Many modern names like Mateljan come from religious texts such as the Quran, the Bhagavadgītā, the Bible, and so forth. Often these surnames relate to a religious sentiment such as "Worthy of praise".
- George Mateljan 1888 - 1978
- Elizabeth Mateljan 1914 - 2003
- Dan Z Mateljan 1935 - 2004
- M L Mateljan 1935 - 1989
- Charles James Mateljan 1937 - 2006
- Frank Mateljan 1910 - 1982
- Steve Mateljan 1891 - 1973
- Joseph Mateljan 1928 - 2005
- Lucy Mateljan 1892 - 1979
- William A Mateljan 1921 - 1988
- Stephanie Mateljan 1908 - 1996
- Caroline Mateljan 1913 - 1974
- Nicholas Mateljan 1895 - 1968
- Joseph Mateljan 1909 - 1961
- John Mateljan 1908 - 1978
- Bartholome V Mateljan 1918 - 1994
- Mary A Mateljan 1915 - 2000
- Mike Mateljan 1907 - 1964
- Jennie Mateljan 1914 - 1994
- Bernard Mateljan 1914 - 1990
Mateljan Family Tree
Famous people named Mateljan
No famous people named Mateljan have been submitted. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
Nationality and Ethnicity of Mateljan
No content has been submitted about the ethnicity of Mateljan. The following is speculative information about Mateljan. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
We do not have a record of the primary ethnicity of the name Mateljan. Many surnames travel around the world throughout the ages, making their original nationality and ethnicity difficult to trace.
More about the name Mateljan
Fun facts about the Mateljan family
- If your grandfather was Tony Mateljan (son of Ante) who was born in Grohote on the island of Sholta on the Dalmation coast of Croatia, contact me as you are step-family. Tony had 3 wives and his 3rd wife was my grandmother Jozitsa. Tony fathered 2 other children - Beppie (RIP) and Terry (RIP). email me _EMAIL_
Mateljan spelling variations
No content has been submitted about alternate spellings of Mateljan. The following is speculative information about Mateljan. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
Understanding misspellings and alternate spellings of the Mateljan family name are important to understanding the etymology of the name. In early history when few people could write, names such as Mateljan were written down based on how they were heard by a scribe when people's names were recorded in court, church, and government records. This could have given rise misspellings of Mateljan. Names like Mateljan vary in how they're said and written as they travel across tribes, family branches, and countries over the years.


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Gender and health equity interventions in poor regions of China and India: a comparison
Date: Wednesday 31 October 10.45–12.15
The Gender and Health Equity Network (GHEN), an international partnership of individuals and institutions, has been working over the last six years to demonstrate through applied research the importance of taking gender equity into account in health policy and programming. Two of its major case studies are in very poor districts in China and India.
The objectives of these action-research studies are to use research to: 1) improve policy implementation with respect to gender and health equity in contexts of high or persisting poverty and inequality; and 2) enable communities, and particularly poor women and adolescents, to exercise their rights to good health. The projects are being implemented in contexts where policy commitments to health equity exist, but also where there are difficulties in translating those macro-level commitments into programmes of work at lower levels of government, or practical action on the ground. In particular, using research to support awareness building or capacity strengthening provides both opportunities and challenges within the contexts of poverty and inequality in which the project is working in the two countries. These have significant implications for policy learning and programming scale-up.
This presentation will explore the lessons being learnt through comparison of the tangible, on-the-ground experiences of working on these issues in China and India. Similarities in levels of poverty and inequality are counterposed with differences in the political, policy and knowledge generation/research contexts of health interventions. Comparative analysis of research and implementation lessons in two such similar, yet very different, locales provides a rich basis for mining the lessons learnt from working in such contexts.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text: Perinatal maternal high-fat diet (HFD) increases susceptibility to obesity and fatty liver diseases in adult offspring, which can be attenuated by the potent hypolipidaemic action of fish oil (FO), an n-3 PUFA source, during adult life. Previously, we described that adolescent HFD offspring showed resistance to FO hypolipidaemic effects, although FO promoted hepatic molecular changes suggestive of reduced lipid accumulation. Here, we investigated whether this FO intervention only during the adolescence period could affect offspring metabolism in adulthood. Then, female Wistar rats received isoenergetic, standard (STD: 9 % fat) or high-fat (HFD: 28·6 % fat) diet before mating, and throughout pregnancy and lactation. After weaning, male offspring received the standard diet; and from 25 to 45 d old they received oral administration of soyabean oil or FO. At 150 d old, serum and hepatic metabolic parameters were evaluated. Maternal HFD adult offspring showed increased body weight, visceral adiposity, hyperleptinaemia and decreased hepatic pSTAT3/STAT3 ratio, suggestive of hepatic leptin resistance. FO intake only during the adolescence period reduced visceral adiposity and serum leptin, regardless of maternal diet. Maternal HFD promoted dyslipidaemia and hepatic TAG accumulation, which was correlated with reduced hepatic carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1a content, suggesting lipid oxidation impairment. FO intake did not change serum lipids; however, it restored hepatic TAG content and hepatic markers of lipid oxidation to STD offspring levels. Therefore, we concluded that FO intake exclusively during adolescence programmed STD offspring and reprogrammed HFD offspring male rats to a healthier metabolic phenotype in adult life, reducing visceral adiposity, serum leptin and hepatic TAG content in offspring adulthood.


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3D Logo Reveals Preview Clips
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Resource: Case study
Atwood Primary School, a Silver Award school in Croydon, believes food education is integral to the school curriculum, and its links with Commonwork at Bore Place farm help to bring all of the strands together, from growing to cooking and food sourcing. Pupils are given "real life learning opportunities" and the skills to make informed food choices in the future.
Commonwork is a group of organisations based at Bore Place Farm, an organic dairy farm and Soil Association demonstration site 17 miles away from the school. The group has an excellent education programme and provide a variety of curriculum linked school visits throughout the year. Visits were initially funded by the Food for Life Partnership but now the school funds the visits itself.
What they have achieved
Atwood decided to send the pupils from their School Nutrition Action Group to Bore Place to learn more about farming and in particular milk production. The school has visited the farm several times over the last year to see how the farm changes, and has used the visits to reinforce many areas of the curriculum. Some examples of the activities the pupils did on the farm are detailed below:
Dairy unit tour – On their first visit it was important for pupils to see the site and become familiar with it. Pupils were able to see where dairy cows live and better understand how milk is produced. Pupils were asked to write a report back in school about what they had learnt on their visit, which is great for literacy skills. Pupils also fed back to the rest of the school about their visits by creating display boards in school, which is great for art and design.
Artificial insemination demonstration – This demonstration introduces life cycles to the pupils, the life cycle of a dairy cow, in particular.
Newborn calves visit – Pupils were very lucky to be able to see a calf the day after it was born. This was on their second visit and this really helped reinforce what they had learnt on their first visit about life cycles. It also introduced the topics of animal welfare, which is a great science and citizenship topic.
Milking viewing – Pupils were able to stay on the farm to watch the afternoon milking session, helping to reinforce the idea of food production. This is a great maths topic because pupils can see how many cows there are, how much milk is produce and also how much feed ration the cows get.
Slurry pool viewing – Nutrient recycling is an interesting topic for pupils to think about – being able to see how the waste from the farm is collected and reused is a great practical example.
Development of new cow sheds – Pupils were able to view the construction of the new buildings, which is a brilliant design and technology topic. Puils are able to think about materials and their properties and how they can come together to form a building. This is also a good activity for discussing animal welfare because pupils are able to think about what cows' specific requirements are in terms of housing.
Farm manager interview – Pupils were able to ask the farm manager some questions and get a better understanding of how a farm is organised and run as a business.
Bread making – Pupils learnt all about the cereal crops that make flour and were able to grind their own flour in order to make a bread roll each. This is an excellent exercise for food technology and science – it introduces changing state and forces.
Waste audit activity – Every time the pupils visited the farm they separated their lunch waste into recyclable, compostable waste, etc. to see what waste they had produced, reinforcing the messages of recycling.
Food miles activity – Considering where different food items have come from enables pupils to think about the impact of the food we eat everyday and consider what choices and alternatives they have as food consumers.
Vegetable plot tour – This was a great way for pupils to see what can be produced in the garden and relate it back to the plants they are growing in their garden at school. A great activity to discuss germination, plant life cycles, seed dispersal and the principles of organic production.
Battery hens talk – Animal welfare is an important and emotive topic, and seeing how battery hens can be rescued and made healthy again helps pupils to understand and again consider food choices.
Hedgerow survey – The farm was happy to have the pupils help survey what was living in the hedgerows as part of their 10 yearly survey. This activity is a good way to talk about the benefits of organic farming for biodiversity and introduce topics such as natural pest control, food chains and habitats.
What they say
Rob Veale, deputy head teacher at Atwood Primary School, says: "We feel the teaching of 'food' is extremely important in developing a pupil's education as a whole. It has an impact not only on their immediate lives but also their future lives. Pupils have the opportunity to cook a range of recipes, grow a variety of crops each year and care for chickens. Produce from the gardens and chickens are used in the cooking club, by the school canteen or sold in order to develop some project sustainability. Regular visits to the farm are made throughout the year so pupils can relate to the processes of producing food. These are real-life learning opportunities. Skills gained from these experiences are used for the rest of a pupil's life. Pupils will be able to make informed food choices and evaluate the impact these choices have on the environment."
Julia Bracewell, education coordinator at Commonwork at Bore Place Farm, says: "The aims of these visits to Bore Place are to help young people and adults to make connections: with the natural environment, with their food at the start of the production process, with each other on a local and global scale, recognising that actions that individuals take in one part of the world can have an impact on others in other countries, and vice versa. And ultimately, through these experiences, we feel it is important that people can make connections with themselves and to recognise and understand their own feelings about issues, as well as their own values and thus to be able to make decisions from an informed basis.
But for all this to happen, we feel strongly that the experiences have to be positive and enjoyable, and so we try to ensure that visits are good days out where learning and experiencing happens through fun and enjoyment… despite the often very strong smells on the farm."

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Hydrolysis, chemical decomposition of a substance by water. The hydrogen and oxygen atoms of water combine with the atoms or groups of atoms of the hydrolyzed substance to form new compounds. Hydrolysis is speeded by heat and pressure or by mixing an acid or base with the water. Hydrolysis is important in the manufacture of many substances. Corn syrup is produced by acid hydrolysis of corn starch. Soap is made by alkaline hydrolysis of fats. Other substances made by hydrolysis are fatty acids, alcohols, and glucose.
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Once considered a semiprecious metal alongside gold and silver, aluminum pretty much languished in obscurity until the 19th century. How did the metal become so ubiquitous?
We once emptied the scent pods of male musk deer into a bottle of fragrance and doused it on, feeling like a million bucks. How has perfume changed since then?


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The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is a sweet, affectionate dog breed, and people love these dogs for their friendliness. These dogs are excellent pets because they are intelligent and get along well with humans and children. However, as Cavalier King Charles Spaniels have long fur, many people are afraid to get this breed due to the potential shedding issues.
So, do Cavalier King Charles Spaniels shed a lot?
It's true that these dogs shed, although the shedding is typically moderate and not that alarming. There are other breeds that shed much more, so this shouldn't be a dealbreaker when considering this breed for a pet. If you'd like to know more about Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, their shedding, and how to manage it, keep reading the rest of our article.
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel – More About the Breed
Cavalier King Charles Spaniels are a toy spaniel breed with a medium-length coat. These canines are active, yet they love to relax and spend time with people. They make excellent companions, which is why many people choose them for their pets.
If you're considering getting a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, it's a good idea to know a bit more about them.
These puppies are typically healthy, although they are prone to certain health problems¹, including:
However, as long as you take your Cavalier to regular vet checks, it will live a long and happy life.
Cavaliers have medium-long, silky coats that typically require a lot of attention to keep their coats in good condition. You should brush your Cavalier daily, as brushing reduces potential shedding and keeps its coat smooth and tangle-free. It's a good idea to dedicate a specific time every day that you'll brush your Cavalier, as it can be an excellent bonding experience for the two of you.
It's also advisable to wash your Cavalier once every 2 weeks and trim its nails once a month to keep them in shape.
Training and Exercise 🎾
Although Cavaliers were first bred as companion dogs, they are very active and love sporty canine activities. These puppies will gladly exercise, while they can also spend the whole day just lying around.
As this breed is quite intelligent, you shouldn't have any issues teaching your Cavalier new tricks, and it's best to begin from an early age to help your Cavalier develop proper manners.
Cavaliers don't require special nutrition, but you should give them age-appropriate food. However, it's important to mention that these dogs can develop obesity problems. Also, a poor diet could lead to increased shedding.
Because of that, it's crucial to watch your Cavalier's calorie consumption, provide high-quality foods and promote exercise whenever possible. When giving treats to this breed, try to do it in moderation because of the obesity problems these canines can have.
Does This Breed Shed a Lot?
Cavalier King Charles Spaniels shed, but their shedding is typically moderate. Most categorize their shedding as average compared to dogs of similar breeds and coats. They shed evenly throughout the year, but their shedding is less noticeable during autumn and spring.
Their coats are medium length; the hair on their faces is shorter, whereas it's longer around their ears. Cavaliers have a topcoat that makes it easy to maintain their hair, as long as you brush it regularly. If you don't brush their coats frequently, they can easily get tangled, causing more problems down the way.
What Can Cause Excessive Shedding in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels?
While these dogs shed moderately, there are several different things that can lead to excessive shedding in this breed. Cavaliers shed more during their puppy years because their adult coat is still developing. It's nothing abnormal, and the shedding will reduce once your Cavalier reaches adulthood.
Another thing that can affect the amount of shedding in your Cavalier is the time of the year. These canines shed more during spring and fall. It's also common for females to shed more during pregnancy, after they have a litter, and during heat cycles.
The food you give your Cavalier will also have an impact on shedding. Cavaliers with a poor diet are likely to shed more than Cavaliers that consume high-quality foods. Try to avoid any foods with cheap fillers, including:
You could even notice excessive shedding if your Cavalier has fleas or ticks. If you notice scratching in your Cavalier, take it to the vet to get appropriate treatment, resolve the problem and reduce shedding.
Another health issue that could lead to your Cavalier King Charles Spaniel shedding a lot is Cushing's disease¹. It's a severe genetic disorder that leads to an array of issues, from abnormal shedding to increased appetite and lethargy. In case you notice these symptoms, it's crucial to take your dog to the vet, as the outcome could otherwise be lethal.
Is This Breed Suitable for People with Allergies?
Cavaliers are not hypoallergenic, so their coats can cause allergies. Also, purebred dogs of this breed can cause a lot of harm to your sinuses. Because of that, people with allergies should avoid this breed, and look for other suitable breed options instead.
There are a couple of Cavalier mixed breeds, like the Cavapoo and Bichon Frises that shed less and are more hypoallergenic so they might be a better choice. If you have allergies, but still insist on getting a Cavalier, you can follow these tips to reduce your allergy reactions:
Overall, Cavalier King Charles Spaniels shed moderately, and it's nothing you should be particularly worried about. However, it's important to keep your Cavalier's coat in good shape, offer healthy meals, and watch out for possible health conditions because that will help reduce shedding.
Featured Image Credit: Alexa, Pixabay


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How to draw a cartoon bowling ball
The best way to draw a cartoon bowling ball is not necessarily by playing this amusing activity. You just need to draw a circle and add a couple of holes! But in this tutorial, you will learn how to draw a simple ball with subtle, but effective reflection. Are you ready to draw?
Start your illustration by sketching a big and round circle.
Next, add the three holes on the ball using smaller circles. The one on the bottom should be a little bit lower than the other two circles.
Continue working on the ball by sketching small shadows inside each hole. We want to add a little depth to our illustration to make it look more enjoyable.
Finally, add a big shadow on your bowling ball by drawing a semi-circle on the top right section of the object.
Color your ball in black and add some grey tones to the shadows inside each hole (and on the one on top of the ball).
Finish your drawing by adding some subtle shadows effect to it! Very nice! With a perfect bowling ball like this one, you should be able to play a perfect game the next time you play bowling! Enjoy!
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Take the 2-minute tour ×
I was reading this paper by Cretekos et al (2008), in which they state that wing development in the bat is not complete until after birth - the wing continues to elongate postnatally. This would suggest that bats are unable to fly immediately after birth, and a brief web search confirms this.
However, I would like to know:
 1. When is wing growth (by which I simply mean outward growth or extension) complete?
 2. When are bats able to fly? (Are there other developmental processes that take place after wing extension that delay this process?)
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 1. The ability of the forelimbs in bats (as well as in other tetrapods) to grow depends on the proliferation activity and ossification of cartilage in growing zones of the bones. Adult bats do not grow (as is the rule for mammals) and wing parameters (wing span and area) show growth curves with more or less pronounced plateau, which asymptotically leans to "adult" values. (This reflects progressive ossification of the cartilage.) As one could intuitively expect, variability in wing relative parameters decreases with age, meaning that juveniles before their first flights show more diversity in wing shapes than flying juveniles and those, in turn, approach gradually the narrow variability of these parameters of the adults.
 2. Juvenile bats start performing their first short flights even before weaning. The main requirement for the flight ability per se is a certain threshold value of wing loading. Sustained flights start roughly half-way to maturity and correlate with the emergence of the above mentioned plateau on the growth curves. The flight abilities improve together with aerodynamic characteristics of the wing: duration of flight increases, beat frequency decreases, but beat power increases etc.
Some references:
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Frangipani, the sweet-scented tree
Frangipani is certainly the most famous flower in South Pacific, at least the one symbolizing the most the tropical paradise in cold countries.
The name « Frangipani » comes from a legend of the 12th century. It is said that an Italian man called Frangipani made a very appreciated fragrance, and 400 years later, European
travellers in the Caribbean discovered this tree with a similar smell, and called it Frangipani Tree.
It is part of the most beautiful tropical trees. So it is common to find it in gardens, usually decorating and delicately perfuming with its pretty white, yellow or bright pink flowers.
The Frangipani tree, or Tipanie, is originated from South America, and was introduced in Tahiti in 1852.
In Eastern Asia, it has been planted next to temples for thousand years. The Frangipani tree is said to be immortal, because flowers and leaves still grow even after being uprooted.
Way beyond its beauty, the Frangipani tree has an important place in traditional medicine. Used in decoctions, it is rich in essential oils and in substances with high antibiotic properties, giving it excellent antibacterical, antifugal and antiviral properties.
Used in infusions on the body after the bath, it perfumes pleasantly and tones up the skin.
This plant grows slowly but is easy to reproduce: it is just needed to cut the branches when they have no
flowers, let them dry for a few days, then plant and water them.
In French Polynesia, the Frangipani flowers don't have a lot of medicinal uses. They are used for their perfume and their beauty, as ornament or decoration,
and they are used in the elaboration of wonderful and delightfully perfumed necklaces or crowns.
As the cut branches can be kept for a very long time before being planted again, the Frangipani tree is considered as a symbol of immortality. Therefore, it has a very special place into the cemeteries for its supposed contact with the spirits.
In Asia, its bark is used as a strong purgative. In the West Indies, its latex is used as an anti-wart.
In modern cosmetic, the Frangipani flower is found in multiple cosmetic products with soothing properties, as well as in perfumery for its exhilarating and exotic fragrance.
In Asia, Tipanie flowers infusion can be applied on the body following the bath. This infusion will tone up the skin while perfuming it with subtle and delicate smell.


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Use clay and wire to make a Brown Bear.
To get polymer clay tips & techniques, click here.
Roll and shape all the clay parts as shown on page 4 of this PDF.
Cut the end off a toothpick and use it to fasten the head to the body.
Press the arms, legs, and tail into place.
Use small pieces of wire to attach the ears to the head, as shown at right.
Press the small teardrop-shaped cheeks onto the face and add the black ball for a nose.
Use a toothpick to create holes for the eyes and to shape the ears.


The antibacterial properties of wood should be leveraged in construction
The antibacterial properties of wood should be leveraged in construction
- Many materials contain volatile organic compounds, also known as VOCs, which are considered to be health hazards. Wood's volatile compounds have been found to have some antibacterial effect. According to studies however, the scent from many wood compounds is harmful to bacteria but not humans, says Tiina Vainio-Kaila.
Vainio-Kaila, who received her doctorate on the subject, has compared how well bacteria survive on untreated wood surfaces when compared to glass, which is traditionally considered hygienic. - When the amounts of bacterial growth on different surfaces were cultured and compared in a laboratory, both e. coli and listeria bacteria gradually died on the wood surface, but survived on the glass plate serving as a control.
- Wood extracts have also been found to be reasonably effective against hospital bacteria. It can be said that wood surfaces and many wood compounds have antibacterial properties and that pine has a slightly larger antibacterial effect than spruce. Many of the dozens of different wood extracts have been found to have antibacterial properties as the lignin that binds the fibres together has an antibacterial effect. In addition, wood surfaces dry quickly; this dryness puts bacteria at a disadvantage.
Vainio-Kaila points out that there has been very little research in general into the effects of wood on well-being. For example, surveys of residents conducted in wooden apartment buildings indicate that the scent of wood is not considered unpleasant and that a wooden building does not cause allergies in residents in the same way many other materials do.
According to Vainio-Kaila, the underlying antibacterial qualities of wood do not come from a single substance but are the result of a well-functioning whole of many substances. - If a change of materials can slow down the spread of hospital bacteria, we should seize the opportunity. Now that antibacterial research on wood has begun, it would be a good idea to properly study the effects of antibacterial wood in hospital and day-care building materials.
There are already some practical applications that leverage wood's antibacterial properties. - For example, the German company Wilms HygieneHoltz manufactures a variety of hygiene products from wood, ranging from skin creams to anti-bacterial rugs and cutting boards. They have improved wood's inherent antibacterial properties in their products even more. Here at home, a Finnish company has launched a sap-based antibacterial salve.
Vainio-Kaila points out that all parts of a tree have medicinal uses. - If antibacterial materials can be used in contact surfaces in public spaces, we will reduce the transmission of various infectious diseases spread by hand. There are many insights and practical applications that can be developed from these antibacterial properties. The only limit is in our imaginations.


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Decline of a Native Mussel Masked by Sibling Species Invasion
|Title||Decline of a Native Mussel Masked by Sibling Species Invasion|
|Publication Type||Journal Article|
|Year of Publication||1999|
|Authors||Geller, J. B.|
The European blue mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) has extensively invaded southern California, whereas a native species, M. trossulus, is abundant in northern California and further north. In this study, a portion of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene was sequenced from mussels collected in southern and central California in the nineteenth century. I aligned these sequences with 22 sequences representing modern M. galloprovincialis, M. edulis, and M. trossulus. Phylogenetic analysis using parsimony identified the nineteenth-century mussels as M. trossulus. Because mussel populations have been continuously present in this region since the time these mussels were collected, these data indicate that M. trossulus were present during the initial invasion of M. galloprovincialis, but, due to the morphological similarity of the two species, declined without notice.


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J.J. Yeley, Tracy Hines, Sleepy Tripp and Stan Fox.
Karol - Munden, Kansas
Three Historical Buildings Live in Camden, Arkansas
Camden, Arkansas, has a population in excess of 13,000 and is considered the "Queen City" of the Ouachita River. More than 65 churches' doors stand ajar daily, and the city's education system is second to none.
Many famous people have graced the town of Camden, whether performing, visiting or living here. Among them are poet Edgar Allen Poe, who was employed by the Camden Herald Newspaper for three months in 1847; Elvis Presley, who played at the auditorium three times in 1957; Sam Walton, who lived here before he founded Wal-Mart; prohibitionist Carrie Nation, who held a rally here in 1906; and Will Rogers, who performed here in 1928.
Camden is also home to many auxiliaries and activities, but its reputation lies in the three historical buildings in town.
The McCollum-Chidester House was constructed in 1847 by Peter McCollum and features furnishings from the Civil War. There are even some bullet holes in a wall on the second story of the house. Gen. Sterling Price of the Confederate Army and Gen. Frederick Steel of the Union Army headquartered at the house at different times during the Civil War. After 12 years of living in the house, McCollum sold the house to John and Leah Chidester. A portrait of Leah Chidester hangs over the fireplace in the living room.
The Leake-Ingham Library was built in 1850 as a law office for attorney Col. William W. Leake. The building was originally located downtown, but has been moved several times and is presently located on the lawn of the McCollum-Chidester House. The building was occupied by various businesses over the years, until 1906, when it became Camden's first library.
The third of Camden's historical buildings is the Missouri Pacific Railroad Depot, which houses the offices of the Camden Area Chamber of Commerce and Main Street Camden, as well as a small museum of railroad and Civil War memorabilia.
All three buildings are listed on the National Register of Historical Places.
Another piece of Camden's history is our annual Daffodil Festival, which brings thousands of visitors to the town.
Mildred - Camden, Arkansas
Edison's Birthplace in Milan, Ohio, is Historical Landmark
Driving by Thomas Edison's small birthplace home recently, the lights were on, and we thought about how when he was born, candles would have been flickering because he hadn't yet invented the light bulb.
The brick home, fronted by a white picket fence, was built by Edison's father in 1841. It is tucked away on a quiet side street in the historic district, two blocks from the Town Square, in Milan, Ohio.
In the 1840s, Milan was a busy grain port, and the year Edison was born, it had become the second largest wheat shipping port in the world. It was also a ship building center, producing 75 lake schooners that same year. This place was a flourishing little metropolis back then.
The Edison home is three stories (visible from the back), having been built into the side of a sloping hill. Born here on a rope bed in a tiny bedroom off the sitting room on February 11, 1847, Thomas was the youngest of seven children. The home has been restored and furnished as it was originally, but with the addition of indoor plumbing, electricity and air conditioning.
Visitors find a collection of said-to-be rare Edisonia, including examples of many of self-taught genius Thomas Alva Edison's early inventions, documents and family mementos. The brilliant inventor, although slightly eccentric some say, went on to garner 1,093 patents to his credit.
The family moved to Port Huron, Michigan, in 1854, and following that, young Edison made a series of moves and jobs that took him to many cities and states – all the time being fascinated with inventions that would shape his future, as well as that of the country, and eventually the world.
He was back in Port Huron at the age of 20, but soon moved on to Boston, then to New York City. He earned a tidy nest egg from one of his inventions, and in 1870, he built a complex in a New Jersey community, where he became known as the Wizard of Menlo Park. He remained in New Jersey for more than 40 years, creating and developing many ingenious inventions.
Back in the family
While the home was out of family ownership for some 40 years after Edison's father moved the family in 1854, one of Edison's sisters acquired it again in 1894. She added a bathroom and other modern conveniences.
In 1906, Edison bought back his birthplace home in Milan, but he was an absentee owner. When he made his last visit there in 1923, he was shocked to find his old home still lit by candles and oil lamps. He saw to it then that changes were made, and the house was wired for electricity.
After Edison's death in October 1931, the opening of his birthplace to the public as a memorial and house museum was originally the private project of his wife and their daughter, who owned the property by then.
The house was restored as closely as possible to its original appearance, and today, it is a National Historic Landmark. However, in order to ensure its permanent preservation, the Edison Birthplace Association was formed some years later, and the nonprofit organization continues to own and maintain the museum.
In a small building next to the house is the ticket office, which includes a display of photographs and several early model phonographs, and is the starting place for the daily tours.
Visitors enter the Edison Birthplace through the side door into the sitting room. To the rear is the bedroom where Edison was born. Narrow, steep stairs opposite the front door lead to two bedrooms on either side of the upper landing – one was Edison's parents' room and the other belonged to his two sisters.
A back stairway on the main floor leads down to the large basement kitchen, which opens to the garden on the lower slope of the hill. The kitchen is furnished with articles and utensils of that time period, including a wall clock. It's said that Edison's mother kept a disciplinary switch behind the clock.
On and around the property are bronze Ohio Historical Markers, offering added details of the birthplace home, Edison's recollections of Milan, and details of the Milan Canal Basin, which helped the town become a leading Great Lakes port.
While there were no accomplishments by young Edison in his seven years at the Milan home, it is nonetheless a significant historic site. The town is proud to be known as the birthplace of one of America's most famous and prodigious inventors.
Tom & Joanne - Willoughby, Ohio
Town of St. Patrick, Missouri, is Proud of Its Irish Heritage
St. Patrick, Missouri, is a uniquely Irish town, with a population of only 17.
Richard and Rose Simpson Riney, descendants of Irish immigrants and my great-great-grandparents, were the first settlers in 1833. The following year, they built a log church, which they named St. Patrick's Church.
Father Bernard Patrick McMenomy, of Donegal, Ireland, was pastor at the time, and named the settlement St. Patrick. He also obtained a post office in 1858.
Much later, Father Thomas Dempsey, of Offaly, Ireland, worked for several years to obtain a gravel road to replace the dirt road that became muddy when it rained. His efforts were successful, and when the road was graveled in 1933, it became Dempsey Highway. Unfortunately, Father Dempsey passed away in 1931 and didn't get to enjoy the fruits of his labor.
In 1935, Father Francis O'Duignan of Longford, Ireland, came to St. Patrick as the pastor. He dreamed of building a shrine to honor St. Patrick, the patron saint of his native Ireland, and to thank America for being a refuge for Irish immigrants.
In 1936, Father O'Duignan designed a cachet, which is still used today, and placed it on 500 letters to be mailed on March 17, the first St. Patrick's Day mailing, asking for donations to help build the Shrine of St. Patrick.
The mailing grew, as folks from all over the world sent letters to be postmarked in
St. Patrick, making their ordinary envelopes collector's items. Tiny St. Patrick, Missouri, is the only town in the world named St. Patrick that has a post office.
Realizing a dream
Twenty-one years later, on March 17, 1957, the Shrine of St. Patrick was dedicated, and Father O'Duignan's "impossible dream" was fulfilled.
The impressive Shrine of St. Patrick is fashioned after the Church of Four Masters in Donegal, Ireland. It has 37 stained glass windows from Dublin, Ireland, interior marble from Italy and Spain, Celtic crosses and an Irish round tower. In addition, a flagstone from Ireland's Croagh Patrick is embedded in the floor. That was done so Father O'Duignan could stand on a piece of Ireland during Mass.
The tiny post office offers the pictorial cancellation during the entire month of March, and the cancellation changes each year. This year, more than 8,000 letters were cancelled.
Each year, on St. Patrick's Day, the


Stability of blow-up profile and lower bounds for blow-up rate for the critical generalized KdV equation
The generalized Korteweg-de Vries equations are a class of Hamiltonian systems in infinite dimension derived from the KdV equation where the quadratic term is replaced by a higher order power term. These equations have two conservation laws in the energy space $H^1$ ($L^2$ norm and energy). We consider in this paper the critical generalized KdV equation, which corresponds to the smallest power of the nonlinearity such that the two conservation laws do not eimply a bound in $H^1$ uniform in time for all $H^1$ solutions (and thus global existence).
From [15], there do exist for this equation solutions u(t) such that $|u(t)|_{H^1} \to +\infty$ as $\uparrow T$, where $T\le |\infty$ (we call them blow-up solutions). The question is to describe, in a qualitative way, how blow up occrs.
For solutions with $L^2$ mass close to the minimal mass allowing blow up and with decay in $L^2$ at the right, we prove after rescaling and translation which leave invariant the $L^2$ norm that the solution converges to a universal profile locally in space at the blow-up time $T$. From the nature of this profile, we improve the standard lower bound on the blow-up rate for finite time blow-up solutions.
Yvan Martel
Frank Merle


Yes, you can use an amplifier more powerful than the attenuator/rated power of a Torpedo product. With a Torpedo Studio or Reload, you can use an amplifier rated for more than 150W. With a Torpedo Live, Captor X or Captor, you can use an amplifier rated for more than 100W. But please remember "you just have to keep the output volume of the amp low enough so not to damage the attenuator".
The Torpedo products with a build in attenuator are rated for a specific power (measured in Watts). This means that the internal load box can dissipate up to this amount of power (assuming proper ventilation). A Torpedo Captor X for example can dissipate anything between 0 and 100 Watts.
If more power is fed into the Torpedo, it will overheat, and go into overheating protection. You will be warned about this, by means of a visual indication, a volume drop, and/or a mute of the sound, depending on the Torpedo product. So, in order to prevent the Torpedo to go into overheating protection, you have to fed it no more than its rated power.
How to do this safely
Every amplifier is rated for a certain amount of Watts. This means that the amplifier is capable of outputting "this" much power. However, this does not mean that the amplifier actually outputs "this" much power in any situation: a 150 Watts amplifier does not output 150 Watts as soon as it is turned on. The output power is related to the actual output volume of the amplifier, which is dependant on many things (amount of distortion, EQ, output level of the guitar…), but is mostly controlled by the Volume or Master Volume control. So if you keep the output volume of any amplifier low enough, no matter how powerful it is, you can make it output less than any chosen amount of power.
Of course, it is almost impossible to know what the actual output power of your amplifier is in any particular situation. In particular, please note that the power output is in no way proportional to the Volume control: when the Volume is set to 50% (12 o'clockish), the output power is never half the rated power of the amplifier! It can be 10%, 90%, or even already the maximum power. So, if your amplifier is rated for more than what your Torpedo is rated for, you still can use it, you just have to play it low enough. For this, you will have to use your best judgement.
 - Some tube amps, mostly vintage (or from vintage inspiration) ones, can output more power than advertised. This is because power rating used to, and sometimes still is, given when the amp is played approximately clean. But when played distorted, the amp can output more power. In this case, the actual power output can usually go up to 1.5x the rated power. For example, it is not uncommon to see a 100W vintage non-master volume and/or single channel tube amp outputting up to 150W when cranked up to max. As a general rule, if the amp has 4 output tubes (typically 4 6L6 or 4 EL34), it can probably output more than 100W when played distorted at high volume. You should keep that in mind when playing them on a 100W load box/attenuator, like the Torpedo Live, Captor X or Captor.
 - A 120W amplifier is not that much more powerful than a 100W amplifier. These 20 extra Watts are likely to be there only if you play the amp loud. At moderate settings, it will probably output less than 100W. However, the point just above still applies. In short, you are probably safe using a 120W amp with any Torpedo product/attenuator rated for 100W or more, but keep these limitations in mind and proceed with caution.
 - Very powerful amps can still be used with Torpedo products, but care should be taken when using them. Here at our offices, we've been using a 500W bass amplifier for years on all our Torpedo products with an attenuator without any problems, so it's not impossible. We just, as already stated, keep its level way down.
 - Generally speaking, a good starting point is to keep all the settings of your amp just like when you are using it on an actual speaker cabinet.
 - And if you have any doubt, don't hesitate to ask the manufacturer of your amp about its actual output power in your particular situation.
When using your amplifier with a Torpedo product for the first time, monitor both the amplifier and the Torpedo. Does the amplifier sound OK? Do the output tubes of your amplifier heat more than usual? Do they turn red? Is the air flowing out of the Torpedo really hot? If anything seems wrong, lower the volume of your amplifier. If everything seems OK, you can go on.
On an adjacent topic, please refer to the user manual of the various Torpedo products for notes on what the ideal output volume is for your amplifier (regardless of its rated power). Playing an amplifier as loud as possible is not always the best idea.
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Life Expectancy of House Flies
Houseflies pass through four distinct stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult. The life expectancy of a housefly is generally 15 to 30 days and depends upon temperature and living conditions. Flies dwelling in warm homes and laboratories develop faster and live longer than their counterparts in the wild.
The housefly's brief life cycle allows them to multiply quickly if left uncontrolled. Houseflies are known to carry over 100 diseases, including tuberculosis and cholera. They transmit diseases both by feeding and by carrying pathogens on their feet and mouths. Contact your local pest control expert to discuss pest control solutions specifically tailored for your home.


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After a decade of legal battles, a ski resort in Northern Arizona recently became the first in the world to make artificial snow totally out of sewage effluent. On Dec. 24, Arizona Snowbowl fired up its snow guns for the first time, and to everyone's surprise, the snow that blasted onto the mountain was yellow.
The discolored snow has sharpened an already fraught conflict.
Snowbowl's manager, J. R. Murray, said the problem was caused by rusty residue in the new snow-making equipment that carries the wastewater from neighboring Flagstaff, where it is piped directly from the town's sewage treatment plant.
But Taylor McKinnon of the Center for Biological Diversity, a conservation group, says something seems fishy. "I question whether that explanation is based on tests of the water or conjecture," he said. "Something's awry, and the onus is on the Forest Service and ADEQ to protect the public and determine the cause." (ADEQ is the acronym for the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality.)
As I have reported, environmentalists and Native American groups have long opposed the ski area's snow-making plan, arguing that the wastewater snow poses risks to public health and the ecology of a mountain considered sacred by 13 American Indian tribes.
Mike Fulton, water quality division director of the state Department of Environmental Quality, said the agency was "looking hard" into several complaints it had received claiming that the presence of the manufactured snow on the slopes violated state laws on the use of reclaimed water, which prohibit ingesting it. Critics argue, among other things, that wastewater snow is being tracked into eating areas and that children are playing in it and touching their faces with it.
The water used for making snow at the ski area is not drinking water. Studies have found that it contains hormones, pharmaceuticals, antibiotics and other chemicals. There is much debate about whether these chemicals are harmful in small amounts.
Regardless, the discolored snow has meant Snowbowl has to contend with a heightened ick factor. Kaelan Monroe, 11, said he went skiing on New Year's Day and that the conditions were "kind of disgusting."
"The snow is crusty and icy and doesn't look very clean," he said. But that won't keep him from Snowbowl, where he has skied since age 3, he said. "I'm not too worried about face-planting in the snow and getting sick," said Kaelan, who describes himself as a proficient skier.
Arizona Snowbowl operates on public land under a special-use permit issued by the Forest Service. In 2005, the agency approved the ski area's upgrade plans, including artificial snow-making, after conducting a long environmental impact study.
That study "did not predict that the snow would be yellow," Mr. McKinnon said.
He said the yellow snow and "a growing list of unforeseen impacts," including new scientific research that indicates harmful chemicals in the wastewater, have rendered the 2005 study obsolete. "Snowbowl would be smart to update the study before they're forced to do so in court," Mr. McKinnon said.
Mr. Murray counters that the excitement over the yellow snow is "a lot to do about a small issue."
"No one here even cares except for those that oppose us," he said.
However, a worker hired just before Christmas for making snow said that his impression had been that the management was concerned about the image problem posed by the yellow snow. The worker, Grayson Lookner, said part of his job had been to drain the snow guns when they were not in use and he was told to drag them into the woods so the ski trails would not turn yellow.
He said he worked there only eight days and then resigned because the work was quite hard and he felt a growing unease. "I didn't feel right about blowing" the effluent "all over a sacred mountain," he said. Snowbowl confirmed that Mr. Lookner was employed by the resort from Dec. 20 to 28.
With climate change and prolonged drought in arid places like the Southwest, the use of reclaimed water is gaining importance as a conservation tool. Snowbowl officials portray the resort as on the cutting-edge of creative water recycling. Opponents argue that economic interests are driving a federal wastewater policy that puts commerce ahead of ecology.
Snowbowl officials have said that, because of reduced snowfall, the resort needs to make snow to stay in business. And so far snow-making has been a boon for the resort, it says. "The skiing is great! The pipes are now cleansed," Mr. Murray said in an e-mail.
State environmental officials say they have sent an inspector to Snowbowl and expect to complete an investigation next week. And Mr. Fulton said the agency had already worked with Snowbowl to construct barriers around the ski lifts to prevent overspray from entering the adjacent forest, where endangered plants grow in the fragile alpine tundra.
Potential harm to that that habitat was the focus of a lawsuit that was recently settled out of court.
To date, the discolored snow has not been tested.


The WPF text team has seen some people get confused about what units WPF uses when measuring text. Samer, a developer on the WPF text team, and I have created this post to try and shed some light on this subject. The first part of this post is very straight forward, whereas the end will only be useful for those of you who are extensively using WPF text APIs.
General Units
WPF supports multiple units for text measurement. The units that can be used are "px" (device independent pixels), "in" (inches), "cm" (centimeters), "pt" (points). If you do not specify the unit of measurement, WPF defaults to px.
To force WPF to use a different unit of measurement, just append the unit abbreviation to the FontSize.
Hello World
Device Independent Pixels & Physical Pixels
In accordance with WPF's resolution independence, the framework measures objects in device independent pixels. These device independent pixels can have different sizes than physical pixels.
1 device independent pixel = 1/96 inch.
1 physical pixel = 1/DPI (dependent on the system DPI)
Default system settings usually choose a DPI of 96 so these two types of pixels come out to be the same size. If this is not the case, it is easy to convert between the two types of pixels.
physical pixels = DPI/96 * device independent pixels
device independent pixels = 96/DPI * physical pixels
Notice that as the DPI increases, so does the number of physical pixels which compose one device independent pixel. Hence, objects that have their sizes specified in device independent pixels get larger as the system DPI increases.
A point (pt) is also a common unit of measurement for fonts.
1pt = 1/72 inches
Converting between points and device independent pixels is also easy.
pt = 72/96 device independent pixels
device independent pixels = 96/72 pt
Remember objects which are measured in device independent pixels get larger as system DPI increases? This is true for text. Since there is a constant ratio between point sizes/device independent pixels, if the point size of text is held constant while the system DPI is increased, the size of the rendered text will grow.
Uses For Font Units
Aside from knowing how to correctly set FontSize, the above knowledge could be helpful in understanding the values that WPF text APIs, such as FormattedText or TextFormatter, use and return for the different text measurements. The metrics returned from these APIs are in device independent pixel (eg. some properties of GlyphTypeface including Baseline, CapsHeight, XHeight). When interacting with these APIs make sure that you convert to device independent pixels from whatever unit your font is measured in, or visa versa.
- Samer and Chipalo


Red Yeast Information | Evidenced-Based Supplement Guide on MedicineNet.com - How does Red Yeast work?
Red Yeast
How does Red Yeast work?
Red yeast supplements are manufactured by culturing Monascus purpureus yeast on rice at carefully controlled temperature and growing conditions to increase the concentrations of chemicals that lower blood cholesterol and triglycerides. These chemicals are similar to the prescription drugs known as "statins," including lovastatin (Mevacor) and others.
Are there safety concerns?
Red yeast rice might be safe when taken by mouth for up to 3 months. There isn't enough information to know if taking it for longer periods is safe. It can cause stomach discomfort, heartburn, intestinal gas, and dizziness.
Red yeast rice often contains chemicals similar to the prescription drugs called "statins." Therefore, red yeast can cause side effects similar to statin drugs such as liver damage and severe muscle pain and muscle damage. Red yeast rice should not be used without the supervision of a health care provider.
Do not take red yeast if:
Therapeutic Research Faculty copyright
Report Problems to the Food and Drug Administration


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Animal Species:Ischnochiton australis
Not only is this the largest chiton found in Sydney, it is also the most common. If you turn a rock over on any rock platform in Sydney, you should find a few. This species congregates in large groups on rocks close to the low-tide mark.
The shell of this chiton is green-brown and generally not covered in algae, as is the case with some other chiton species in Sydney.
This chiton species is found in southern Australia.
Chitons are found on intertidal rocky shores.


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Eden park
primary and nursery
Saving The World!
KS1 pupils enjoy a visit to Living Coasts as part of their learning experience - 'Saving the World.
The children were able to get up close and personal to the Macaroni and African penguins and learnt how to tell them apart before moving on to see the fur seals being fed. After the children were all fed and watered, they took part in an interactive work shop, learning how penguins keep warm in arctic conditions and how to keep their eggs warm. They even had a go at carrying eggs on their feet. Not easy! A fantastic time was had by all and it was all great inspiration for the stories they will be writing and the upcoming show 'Eddie the Penguin Saves the World.'
address Eden Park Primary and Nursery School
Eden Park
phone 01803 854011


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The Chinese antiques market continues to grow as evidenced by the recent Antiques Roadshow episode that featured a set of rhinoceros libation cups valued at over a million dollars. This morning as I flipped through the channels I came across the Today show and saw a plug for a segment with the owner of the cups. Given all the media attention I thought it might be appropriate to talk a little about why they are so valued and some of the symbolism involved with rhino horns in Chinese culture.
The Penn Museum actually has several carved horns in its Asian section. Three from China and one from Nepal.
The two pictured here were collected in the 1890′s and are some of the earliest pieces to come into the collection. The horns are said to be able to detect poison in liquids and are also used as medicine (although this is a rather dubious claim). The rhinoceros was also once found in Sichuan province but has since been hunted to extinction. The first horn (C374) features a simple landscape scene devoid of any humans while the second piece (7301) has a deeply carved design of trees and rocks and two human figures toward the base. The second one also has a Victorian age stand similar to the ones in the Antiques Road Show.
When I did a search on the database I also found that we have some Mandarin squares, Chinese badges of rank, that depict rhinoceros horns as well.The image on the left shows the full Mandarin square while the close up underneath shows a purple rhino horn flanked by a set of pearls and a piece of coral. The rhino horn is one of eight treasures associated with scholars and the literati. The other seven include: a wish granting pearl, double coins, coral, a sceptre, double lozenges, a stone chime, and an ingot. Many of these show up on Mandarin squares in the wave patterns underneath the various animals. The rhino horns tend to be very stylized so it can be hard to pick them out.
The third cup is a much larger rhinoceros libation cup. The piece is deeply cut with elements of squirrels and grapes across its length. Squirrels and grapes were a popular motif in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and associated with reproductive power. Rhino horns are said to have been taken as an aphrodisiac which may explain the artist's choice in symbolism.
It's a bit strange to see so much focus put on how much the rhino horns are worth monetarily. Last week no one knew about rhino horn libation cups, and this week they are all the rage. This has always been a bit of an issue with me when it comes to the Antiques Roadshow and cultural artifacts and antiquities. How do we celebrate the art of the world and get people excited about culture without creating a demand that leads to looting and poaching? These issues continue to loom 40 years after the Pennsylvania Declaration and museums will have a big role to play in how we proceed with protecting such treasures for future generations to enjoy.


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Lighting For Vaulted Ceiling was published on February 17, 2019 at 10:59 pm. This article is posted under the Ceiling category. Lighting For Vaulted Ceiling is labelled with Lighting For Vaulted Ceiling, Lighting, For, Vaulted, Ceiling..
Lightinglight•ing (lī′ting),USA pronunciation n.
- the act of igniting or illuminating: the lighting of many candles; the annual lighting of the Christmas tree.
- the arrangement of lights to achieve particular effects: to work out the lighting for one's living room.
- an effect achieved by the arrangement of lights: Several critics praised the lighting of the play.
- the science, theory, or method of achieving particular effects by the use of lights.
- the way light falls upon a face, object, etc., esp. in a picture.
Forfor (fôr; unstressed fər),USA pronunciation prep.
- with the object or purpose of: to run for exercise.
- intended to belong to, or be used in connection with: equipment for the army; a closet for dishes.
- suiting the purposes or needs of: medicine for the aged.
- in order to obtain, gain, or acquire: a suit for alimony; to work for wages.
- (used to express a wish, as of something to be experienced or obtained): O, for a cold drink!
- sensitive or responsive to: an eye for beauty.
- desirous of: a longing for something; a taste for fancy clothes.
- in consideration or payment of;
in return for: three for a dollar; to be thanked for one's efforts.
- appropriate or adapted to: a subject for speculation; clothes for winter.
- with regard or respect to: pressed for time; too warm for April.
- during the continuance of: for a long time.
- in favor of;
on the side of: to be for honest government.
- in place of;
instead of: a substitute for butter.
- in the interest of;
on behalf of: to act for a client.
- in exchange for;
as an offset to: blow for blow; money for goods.
- in punishment of: payment for the crime.
- in honor of: to give a dinner for a person.
- with the purpose of reaching: to start for London.
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because of: to shout for joy; a city famed for its beauty.
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- to the extent or amount of: to walk for a mile.
- (used to introduce a subject in an infinitive phrase): It's time for me to go.
- (used to indicate the number of successes out of a specified number of attempts): The batter was 2 for 4 in the game.
- for it, See in (def. 21).
- seeing that;
Vaultedvault•ed (vôl′tid),USA pronunciation adj.
- constructed or covered with a vault, as a building or chamber.
- provided with a vault.
- resembling a vault: the vaulted sky.
Ceilingceil•ing (sē′ling),USA pronunciation n.
- the overhead interior surface of a room.
- the top limit imposed by law on the amount of money that can be charged or spent or the quantity of goods that can be produced or sold.
- the maximum altitude from which the earth can be seen on a particular day, usually equal to the distance between the earth and the base of the lowest cloud bank.
- Also called absolute ceiling. the maximum altitude at which a particular aircraft can operate under specified conditions.
- the height above ground level of the lowest layer of clouds that cover more than half of the sky.
- a lining applied for structural reasons to a framework, esp. in the interior surfaces of a ship or boat.
- Also called ceil′ing piece′. [Theat.]the ceiling or top of an interior set, made of cloth, a flat, or two or more flats hinged together.
- the act or work of a person who makes or finishes a ceiling.
- vaulting, as in a medieval church.
- hit the ceiling, [Informal.]to become enraged: When he saw the amount of the bill, he hit the ceiling.
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The Hebrew Letters: Channels of Creative Consciousness
Publisher: Gal Einai Institute
The Sefer Yetzirah teaches that the letters of the Hebrew alphabet are the building-blocks of creation and that each letter's name, form, and numerical value embodies a unique significance in the creative process. The Ba'al Shem Tov further teaches that each letter and each of its three aspects exists in the dimensions of "Worlds" (the physical), "Souls" (the spiritual), and "Divinity" (the G-dly). This book is a systematic treatment of these nine dimensions for each letter.
Includes glossary, extensive footnotes, and index.
This item is sold by:
Note: AllJudaica.com is owned by Rosenblum's World of Judaica, which is one of the oldest Judaica stores in the United States. Their store has been open for over 75 years!
Readers found more information by searching for:
- The Hebrew Letters channels of creative consciousness (8)
- The Hebrew Letters: Channels of Creative Consciousness (7)
- tisha b\av gal einai (2)
- yom haatzmaut in hebrew letters (2)
- Creation of the Hebrew Letters (1)
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It was June 15, 1669 and a French explorer by the name of Louis Jolliet would become the first documented European to find and explore Lake Erie.
Long before the summer Louis Jolliet found the lake, it was inhabited by a few small Native American tribes that lived off various parts of the the lake. The Erie tribe and the Attawandaron tribe were two of the peaceful or "neutral" tribes in the area. The Europeans were very familiar with both tribes and knew they refused to practice violence. Quite some time later, the lake was given its name, "Lake Erie" after the Erie tribe. "Erie" originally comes from the shortened version of "erielhonan", an Iroquoian word that means "long tail".
Though Jolliet was the first known European to explorer Lake Erie, his efforts were limited and many others would come to explore the region over the years.
After Jolliet's explorations on Lake Erie, he headed south for his next adventure to explore the Mississippi river. Over the years he continued to explore North America and eventually spent his later years further north in Canada.


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A dynamic ecological model, calibrated with field data from the communal lands of southern Zimbabwe where Shangaaan and Ndebele people live, shows the ilala palm, Hyphaene petersiana, to be resilient to a wide range of harvesting regimes. The degree of use determines the plant population structure but not the palm's continued existence. Ilala palm sap for wine and leaves for crafts provide an important source of income at the village level. Shangaan households generally regulated palm use, with the manual workers usually being Ndebele. Despite the designation of the region as a "communal area" there are clearly social conventions limiting access to resources. The use of the plant for sap is more closely regulated than its use for leaves. Leaf harvests appear less ecologically destructive than tapping for sap. Although social rules reduce harvesting, the ecology of the palm is such that intensive harvesting may actually increase the available products by chaning the ilala palms into more accessible and useful growth form.
Topic: Hyphaene,crafts,dynamic models,harvesting,sap,palm leaves,participatory rural appraisal,tenure systems
Publication Year: 2003
Source: Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 13(4): 275-296


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One of my physics books has a nice example on how to use Gauss's Law to find the electric field of a long (infinite) charged wire. However, at the very end of the example, the author ends by saying Gauss's Law cannot be used to find the electric field of finite-length charged wire. I could not understand why not.
Please this is not a homework problem or nothing like that. This is just a question I have and I have not being able to solve it in my mind yet.
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up vote 5 down vote accepted
Gauss' law is applicable for a finite wire. But, it's useless in this case.
In the infinite example, you assume some things due to symmetry, namely:
enter image description here
It's pretty obvious why these things can be assumed--moving up and down the wire should not change $\vec E$, so we take it constant. Also, there should be no direction bias, so $\vec E$ has no component along the wire.
In this way, $\oint \vec E.\mathrm dS\to\oint|\vec E|\mathrm dS_{curved}$ (since it's perpendicular), and then $\oint|\vec E|\mathrm dS_{curved}\to |\vec E| \oint\mathrm dS_{curved}$ (since it's constant at a given radius)
Once E is outside the integral, we can easily integrate the $\mathrm dS_{curved}$ term.
On the other hand, for a finite wire, we have:
enter image description here
There is no symmetry, and the form of $\vec E$ is not predictable{*}.
So we can't remove the dot product, and we can't take $\vec E$ out of the integral. Since the integral is a closed integral, it is sort of like a definite integral in that we can't just differentiate the equation to get an answer. So we can't solve the Gauss' law integral, so we're stumped. You have to use Coulomb's law and find it by taking elements.
*$\vec E=\frac{k\lambda}{R}\left((sin\alpha+sin\beta)\hat e_r +(cos\alpha-cos\beta)\hat k\right)$. See? Not predictable.
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Thanks for the answer. But I have a quick question. I understand that if the Electric field is tangent to the Gaussian surface on the ends, then the electric flux will be zero. However, I don't understand why you said that the electric field cannot have any component along the wire? I don't see why not? By the way, my book agreed with you. – leocod Apr 23 '12 at 4:26
_USER_: If you don't want to wait for another answer and are satisfied with this one, you can "accept" it by clicking the green tick next to it :) – Manishearth Apr 23 '12 at 4:28
_USER_: However, consider the situation where you have a pretty dang long wire of length $l$. Now you can approximate the situation as an infinite wire except at distances $\Delta l \not\ll l$ from the ends. – dmckee Apr 23 '12 at 4:37
_USER_: Aah, you edited it. The "no component along the wire" is for infinite wires. See, the wire should not have an "up" or "down". An ant walking up the infinite wire should feel the same as an ant walking down it. But, if the electric field had a $\hat k$ component, then the ant walking up could say "I am walking along $\vec E$", and the ant walking down would say "I am walking against $\vec E$". This goes against the symmetry of the situation. – Manishearth Apr 23 '12 at 4:40
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Modern Times
Charlie Chaplin
This 1936 classic written, music-directed, produced, directed by and featuring Charlie Chaplin is a satire on the evils of industrialisation and the struggle of the common man to survive. It was reported that Charlie Chaplin was inspired after a conversation he had with Mahatma Gandhi in which Gandhi complained about "machinery with only consideration of profit". Putting so many emotions in a silent movie was remarkable and Chaplin's character being force-fed by a machine, running around tightening screws in the assembly line and the factory owner watching through a close circuit camera have turned out to be a reality in these modern times. This movie is often hailed as one of Chaplin's greatest achievements, and there are no two opinions about it.


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Chemical Soup spreads through North West communities and encourages parents to Take 7 Steps Out
Arsenic, toilet cleaner and nail varnish remover aren't the usual ingredients you would give your children this autumn – but parents who smoke in the North West are being reminded that this could be the case unless they take '7 steps' out of the house when smoking.
The advice follows a series of sessions which took place in the North West over the last year as part of the 'Chemical Soup' initiative which educated parents, volunteers and health workers about the dangers of second hand cigarette smoke.
Developed by Tobacco Free Futures and children's charity Barnardo's working in partnership with Manchester Stop Smoking Service, the 'chemical soup kit' complete with cooking pot and fake hazardous liquids, was presented to attendees in a fun and visual way and highlighted some of the harmful chemicals in cigarette smoke. Of more than 4,000 chemicals in cigarette smoke, 60 are known to cause cancer as well as avoidable childhood illnesses.
A new survey of more than 1000 participants who completed the training revealed that almost three quarters (71%) who indicated their homes were not smoke free before the session pledged to make their homes smoke free following it.
Elaine Samson a Carer from Blackburn with Darwen said: "I used to be a smoker for thirty years and I never realised that there are more than 4,000 chemicals in a cigarette.
"My husband and daughter are smokers and I'm going to share what I've learnt with them both so that they know how to protect others from the harms of secondhand smoke."
This community activity was the next stage of the successful Take 7 Steps Out campaign – which encourages smokers to smoke outside of their home, especially when children are in the house – and delivered jointly by Tobacco Free Futures and Barnardo's.


text:
Winemakers preserve wine with late pruning
- From: AAP
- November 27, 2012
AUSTRALIAN winemakers can trick their grapes into maturing later in a bid to counteract the effects of climate change, research shows.
Over the past 25 years, the harvest date for Australian wines has come forward almost one day a year, agricultural scientist Professor Snow Barlow says.
Pruning grapevines a month later is one of the tactics being employed by a major Australian winemaker to delay the growth of grapes, so they mature when they did before the seasons started to change.
National viticulturist for the Treasury Wine Estates Paul Petrie will this week present his findings on the delayed pruning of grapevines at the Climate Change Research Strategy for Primary Industries (CCRSPI) conference in Melbourne.
Prof Barlow, the executive director of CCRSPI, said Mr Petrie had had some success in delaying the growth of the wine grapes by delaying the pruning of the vines - which is a key part of the grape growing cycle.
"We've got climate change pressuring the season one way, if we don't prune them until very late we'll push them the other way and maybe we'll end up in the same place as we were," Prof Barlow told AAP.
Prof Barlow, who operates vineyards in the Strathbogie Ranges in north eastern Victoria, said changing weather patterns can affect the quality of wine produced.
"Wine is different from wheat and milk. It's about quality rather than quantity," Prof Barlow said.
"If you have (a grapevine) in the wrong place it might die.
"It might not express itself fully, in that it might not produce that robust wine that you want to produce."
He said this can damage a brand that relies upon producing a consistent flavour year after year.
Climate change is affecting not only the flavour of the grape, but also the capacity of wineries to effectively utilise their infrastructure.
The CCRSPI conference will hear from wine makers and scientists who have turned their minds to the challenge of sustaining a wine industry in the face of rising temperatures.
Prof Barlow said most commercial wineries would expect to use their fermentation tanks three times a year, but because of the shift in seasons growers are experiencing a compression of vintage.
"All the grapes start coming in together," he said.
"It causes some scheduling problems and if it continues they may have to buy more tanks. But that's expensive."
But it's not all bad news.
"People are producing new sorts of wines more in line with the climate conditions they're facing," Prof Barlow said.
"So we can look forward to some different wines, some of which we might like."
UPDATES: NATHAN Lovett-Murray was stabbed when he "defended himself" in an incident involving his girlfriend's ex and another man.
EMBATTLED MP Craig Thomson is facing 19 new charges in relation to allegations he misused thousands of dollars in union funds.
FIRST child victim of Oklahoma's deadly tornado identified as rescuers say they are unlikely to find any more survivors.
MICROSOFT redefines the games console war with launch of the Xbox One as a single device designed to control all your entertainment.


Economic Analysis of a Geographically Defined Cohort of Hospitalized Patients Who Smoke
Margaret B. Nolan, Bijan J. Borah, James P. Moriarty, David O. Warner
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
1 Scopus citations
Objective: To compare the indications for hospital admission between current, former, and never smokers and to compare their costs per hospital admission, testing the hypothesis that the cost per hospital admission would be higher for smokers than for former and never smokers. Patients and Methods: This study used a retrospective nested cohort design, with cohort membership determined by cigarette smoking status (current, former, or never). Propensity score–matching techniques were used to control for differences between groups other than smoking status. Participants were admitted to Mayo Clinic Hospital, Rochester, Minnesota, between May 5, 2012, and August 10, 2014, and lived in the areas covered by postal codes included in Olmsted County, Minnesota. Results: Compared with never smokers, a significantly higher proportion of admissions in current smokers were for diseases of the respiratory system, diseases of the circulatory system, infectious and parasitic diseases, mental illness, and injury or poisoning (P<.001 for all). The average cost per admission (without regard to admission indication) did not depend on smoking status. Accounting for dependence of admission indication on smoking status, there were no significant differences in costs between current and never smokers ($199 less per admission for current smokers; 95% CI −$820 to $423; P=.53) but costs in current smokers were actually significantly less than costs in former smokers (by −$870 per admission; 95% CI, −$1665 to −$76; P=.03). Conclusion: There is no evidence that the cost of hospital admission is higher in current smokers than in never or former smokers, even when controlling for admission indication, in a general population of medical and surgical patients. Trial Registration: Identifier: NCT01575145.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1034-1042
Number of pages9
JournalMayo Clinic proceedings
Issue number8
StatePublished - Aug 2018
ASJC Scopus subject areas
 - Medicine(all)
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Span queries are low-level positional queries which provide expert control over the order and proximity of the specified terms. These are typically used to implement very specific queries on legal documents or patents.
Span queries cannot be mixed with non-span queries (with the exception of the
The queries in this group are:
The equivalent of the
termquery but for use with other span queries.
- Accepts another span query whose matches must appear within the first N positions of the field.
- Accepts multiple span queries whose matches must be within the specified distance of each other, and possibly in the same order.
- Combines multiple span queries — returns documents which match any of the specified queries.
- Wraps another span query, and excludes any documents which match that query.
- Accepts a list of span queries, but only returns those spans which also match a second span query.
- The result from a single span query is returned as long is its span falls within the spans returned by a list of other span queries.


text:
Word Processing in Notebooks
Mathematica includes many commands for word processing and formatting.
You can set the following cell options from the menu: style, font, face, size, text color, background color, cell dingbat, text alignment, text justification, and word wrapping.
To Apply an Option:
Select the cell bracket or some text.
Choose the option desired from the menu, such as the background color.
To Spell Check a Notebook:
Choose. Mathematica begins to spell check the notebook at the position of the cursor. At any misspelling or unknown word, Mathematica displays the word and recommends a replacement.
You can use the popup menu to add a word to the dictionary associated with the notebook, session, cell, or your global preferences.
Choose to insert a page break in a notebook.
To Type a Formula into a Text Cell:
Place the cursor in the text cell where you want to enter the formula. Press Ctrl+( or Ctrl+9. A placeholder box appears in the cell.
Using keystrokes, enter the formula (see "Entering Input in Notebooks").
Press Ctrl+) or Ctrl+0 to end the formula.
You can copy and paste entire cells into other cells. For example, you can include typeset formulas from input cells or embed graphics in a text cell.
To Paste One Cell inside Another:
Select the cell bracket.
Choose. Position the cursor or select some text.
Mathematica can hyphenate words in text cells if you set Hyphenation->True. When command names are long, Mathematica uses a special continuation character () to break the name. You can control hyphenation using the Option Inspector. See "Option Inspector" for more information.
To create a new cell in the most recent style, press Alt+Enter. The new cell will appear below the most recent cell.


Top 8 Landlord Legal Responsibilities in Idaho
How to stay out of legal trouble with your tenants in Idaho. Here's how.
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Successful property managers in Idaho know the importance of staying on top of landlord-tenant law. They choose tenants in a nondiscriminatory way, maintain their rental properties, and follow state rules on the return of security deposits. Less successful landlords too often fail to comply with their legal responsibilities, with the result that many end up spending a great deal of time and money dealing with tenant disputes and lawsuits.
Here are top ways to follow the law and stay out of legal trouble in Idaho.
1. Comply With Anti-Discrimination Laws
2. Follow State Rent Rules
All landlords want their tenants to pay rent on time and without hassle. If you need to raise the rent or evict a tenant who hasn't paid rent, you'll want to be sure you comply with the specific rules and procedures in Idaho. State law regulates several rent-related issues, such as how much time (three days in Idaho) a tenant has to pay rent or move before a landlord can file for eviction. For details, see Idaho Termination for Nonpayment of Rent and Other Rent Rules.
3. Meet State Security Deposit Limits and Return Rules
Security deposits are among the biggest sources of dispute between landlords and tenants. To avoid problems, be sure you know state rules, such as when the deposit must be returned (21 days after the tenant moves out, or up to 30 days if both landlord and tenant agree). Using a landlord-tenant checklist when a tenant moves in (and moves out of) a rental, and sending a written security deposit itemization when the tenant leaves will go a long way in avoiding disputes.
4. Provide Habitable Housing
You are legally required to keep rental premises livable in Idaho, under a legal doctrine called the "implied warranty of habitability." If you don't take care of important repairs, such as a broken heater, tenants in Idaho may have pursue various options, such as moving out.
5. Prepare a Legal Written Lease or Rental Agreement
6. Make Legally Required Lead Paint Disclosures
Landlords must comply with required federal disclosures regarding lead-based paint on the property, or face hefty financial penalties.
7. Follow Exact Procedures for Terminating a Tenancy or Evicting a Tenant
State laws specify when and how a landlord may terminate a tenancy. Failure to follow the legal rules may result in delays (sometimes extensive) in terminating a tenancy. Idaho laws are very specific as to the amount and type of termination notice--for example, depending on the situation, such as the type of lease violation, a landlord must give a tenant three days' notice before the landlord can file for eviction. See State Laws on Unconditional Quit Terminations and State Laws on Termination for Violation of Lease for more information on these types of termination notices in Idaho.
8. Take Advantage of Legal Resources Available to Landlords


text:
Examples of analysis sections
An example from a law field report about a courtroom observation
Click here to see the description section of this law field report.
| The legal processes I observed in the district court hearing reflect to a certain extent Australian social values. Their purpose is to attempt to maintain an efficient court system and create justice before the law. Processes such as rules of evidence which ensure only the most applicable evidence is heard have been developed over many years, thus demonstrating an influence of past and future cases. Similarly, the doctrine of precedent ensures that similar cases have similar results. Procedural grounds for objections protect witnesses from harassment and potential confusion. Therefore, all of these legal processes create an environment in which changing social values will bring about complementary changes in court decisions.
||The meaning and theoretical significance of the observations described are explored
Footnote 1: adapted from Woodward-Kron, R., Thomson, E. & Meek, J. (2000) A text based guide to academic writing. CD-Rom. Dept. Of Modern Languages, University of Wollongong.
An example from an education field report about a classroom practicum experience
| As I help the students I am conscious of the scaffolding Vygotsky described taking place. I observed other people such as teachers and parents scaffolding with their children. It was, therefore, interesting to realise that I was doing the same as I walked around the classroom helping the children with their tasks. Scaffolding helps the children to reach their zone of proximal development which in turn helps them to achieve more complex tasks.
I have found my practical experience in the classroom has been full of examples supporting the theories of Piaget and Vygotsky and to a lesser extent Erikson. It is also good to see that these theories actually have real world application to child development.
|Exploring the significance of practical experience and observations from a theoretical perspective
Reflection about what the field experience has meant for theoretical understanding
This is the analysis section from a history field report about historical monuments.
Click here to see the description section of this history field report.
The Bulli Coal Mining Company had 331 employees: this represented approximately 20% of the population of Bulli. Given the small size of the Bulli community, the population was calculated at 1352 persons in the 1891 census (Mitchell & Sherington, 1984: 42), and its dependence on the Bulli Coal Mining Company, the impact of a disaster of this magnitude was enormous. Henry Parkes and his government realising the hardship being experienced by the community, particularly the bereaved families, gave "official support to a public fund and established a board to distribute the money after investigating the needs of those bereaved" (Mitchell & Sherington, 1984: 58).
The impact of the disaster is reflected in the structure of the monument. The monument was intended to last the test of time. Its shape, an obelisk, is unlike anything else in the area. This fact combined with the historical use of the obelisk, principally in ancient Egypt, suggests the memorial was considered important to the community. No reference is made on the monument, however, in regard to the date of the dedication or to who unveiled it which is significant given the government support of a disaster relief fund for the Bulli community in the wake of the disaster.
Analysis of the event the monument commemorates
Conclusion drawn about the structure and shape of the monument given
Footnote 2: adapted from Flello, J. unpublished manuscript.
An example from an education field report about a classroom practicum experience. (This example contains a mixture of description and analysis within a single paragraph. This is an alternative approach to having these two types of different writing in separate sections.)
| Both childcare centres encouraged the children to think critically and reflectively about themselves and the wider community; for example, I observed an incident at centre 2 (14/5), where the teacher helped the children with an equity of access issue in the playground. Several children wanted to play on the slide and gym equipment but one child continually walked up the slide disrupting the pattern of play. The group of children began to speak loudly and harshly to him and threatened to kick him. The teacher was able to facilitate a resolution to this problem by getting the children to examine what was happening and think of alternative actions. There were all, in effect, being empowered to deal with the injustice they were facing in the playground rather than resorting to physical violence or giving up and playing elsewhere, as some children were about to do.
||Topic sentence: a general theoretical conclusion is drawn
Conclusion illustrated by an example observed in the field
Description of the observed event
Theoretical perspective used to analyse the event
Footnote 3: adapted from McNabb, Learning Skills Centre, University of Melbourne.
Comments and questions should
be directed to _EMAIL_


text:
There are minor differences in the fire danger ratings between a few of the states (i.e. Victoria's Code Red and Tasmania's black for Catastrophic), however it is essential to be aware of the variation to your specific geographic region.
- The fire danger ratings system may be a excellent way to initiate class discussion about what each of the words in each category means.
- Students could be encouraged to colour in each of the sections in the appropriate colour and write each word in the section.
Further Information about the National Fire Danger Rating system can be found at the following links:
- Bureau of Meterology Fire Weather Warnings
- Victoria (CFA) About Fire Danger Ratings
- NSW (RFS) Fire Danger Ratings, Fire Danger Ratings Fact Sheet
- Queensland (RFSQ) Fire Danger Rating
- Tasmania (TFS) Fire Danger Ratings
- Western Australia (DFES) Fire Danger Ratings
- South Australia (SACFS) More About Fire Danger Ratings
- Australian Capital Territory (ESA) Fire Danger Ratings Information Sheet
- Northern Territory (NTFRS) Bushfire Danger Ratings


text:
I wanted to create a Part 2 to the PowerPoint Sketched Outline tool and share a more advanced shape consideration with using the Sketched outline styling. In this case, what happens when you use the Merge Shapes tools to create a new shape – and those shapes already have the Sketched outline styling applied?
1. For this demo, I am inserting two 2 PowerPoint shapes
2. Apply a Sketch Styling to both shapes
3. Then combine them by using the PowerPoint MERGE SHAEPES "Union"
4. The new shape, which looks great, does have the Sketched outline permanently applied. Selecting the straight line optioncannot be selected to revert it back to smooth/straight lines.
5. The way to avoid this permanent styling is to pre-plan. Before merging the two shapes together change the outline to the smooth/straight outline. Then re-apply the sketched outline styling to the new (merged) shape.
Troy @ TLC


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Let's say one says borei ha'adamah or ha'eitz and eats at least a kezayis of a fruit or vegetable, but is not yet full. Then, the person decides that he or she wants to eat bread. Is the proper procedure to say borei nefashos first, or to say hamotzi and then afterward say birkas hamazon and borei nefashos?
If the answer is that one should say the brachos achronos before hamotzi, what should one do if one forgets to do so before saying hamotzi? In such a situation, should one say it in the middle of the meal, or wait until after birkas hamazon?
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Is he planning on eating any of the fruit/vegetable during the bread meal? – Double AA May 15 at 15:45
I don't know -- does the answer depend on that? – Kordovero May 15 at 15:56
1 Answer 1
Mishnah Berura 176:2 -
If he is planning on eating more fruit during the meal, and had in mind to continue eating the fruit during the meal, then it is all considered part of the meal and he does not make a borei nefashos, not before hamotzi and not after, as it is covered by the birkas hamazon that he will say.
If he does not plan to continue eating more during the meal, then he needs to make a borei nefashos. This borei nefashos should be made even during the meal. The implication of the Mishnah Berura is that it doesn't matter at what point you make the borei nefashos, as the eating of the fruit had nothing to do with the meal, and it could even be after birkas hamazon.
If he ate a vegetable (or any food that does not need a beracha when eaten during the meal) then he makes a borei nefashos even if he eats more during the meal, as the original pre-meal eating was perforce not part of the meal.
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Thanks! I'm a little confused about your last sentence. Are you saying it's different between eating fruits and vegetables? Do you mean that he makes the borei nefashot before the meal in that case? Or is it just the same as the fruit example? (I guess the difference would be that one says ha-eitz even during a bread meal, if one already said borei nefashos?) – Kordovero May 16 at 13:20
_USER_ It is the same as fruit in the case that you do not plan to eat more during the meal. In the case of a vegetable, it is automatically treated as if you do not plan to have more. – YeZ May 16 at 17:47
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