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The Gemara in Nedarim (50a) lists six sources of wealth from which Rabbi Akiva became exceedingly wealthy, including half of Ben Kalba Savua's money (Kesuvos, 63a). Rashi on Bechoros (58a) maintains that Rabbi Yehoshua ben Karcha was Rabbi Akiva's son (though Rabbeinu Tam and the Ran disagree). The Gemara in Shabbos (152a) relates that Rabbi Yehoshua ben Karcha was walking without shoes (and one can infer from the context that he had no shoes). The Gemara in Shabbos (129a) states that a person should even sell beams from his house to purchase shoes to wear: אמר רב יהודה אמר רב לעולם ימכור אדם קורות ביתו ויקח מנעלים לרגליו. It would seem that Rabbi Yehoshua ben Karcha was quite poor.
If Rabbi Yehoshua ben Karcha was Rabbi Akiva's son, what happened to Rabbi Akiva's wealth?
- Could it be that the Roman authorities confiscated Rabbi Akiva's estate when they executed him (B'rachos, 61b), leaving his son with no wealth?
- The estate of Nakdimon ben Gurion, who was one of the wealthiest men of Jerusalem (Gittin, 56a; Ta'anis 19b), fell to ruin and his daughter became impoverished (Kesuvos, 66b), either because he sometimes gave charity with extravagant flair for his own honor or that his great wealth obligated him to give even more charity than he did (ibid, 67a). Rabbi Akiva's humility and his tremendous efforts for charity seem to discount the possibility that he lost his fortune for any such reason. However:
- There is a concept that a person should not give a massive, unsustainable portion of one's wealth to charity and thereby bankrupt oneself. Did Rabbi Akiva do this? Could the needs of the time have been so imperative that this guideline was suspended?
- Might Rabbi Yehoshua ben Karcha merely have refused to accept any money from Rabbi Akiva?
Sources would be appreciated.
Edit: It's likely that no sources explicitly address this question. Unsourced suggestions are fine as answers, too, but please justify them if possible. For example, if you suggest that R' Akiva's money was confiscated by the Romans, you might support this with a Jewish or historical source that the Romans of that era would sometimes/typically confiscate the estates of people they would execute.


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Country Living Grain Mill
- Mill: 17.5"L, 12"W, 13.5"H.
- Clamp: 4.5"L, 5.5"W, 7"H.
- Power Bar: 8"L, 1"W.
- Heavy duty I-beam construction from cast aluminum.
- Double sealed bearings.
- FDA approved (food-grade) powder coating.
- Stainless steel shaft.
- High-carbon steel grinding plates.
- Adjustable output; from cracked wheat to pastry flour in one pass.
- Stainless steel spring auger designed for small grains. Large auger for corn or beans is sold separately.
- Can be modified to run on a 1/3 HP motor at no more than 115-120 RPM at the flywheel.
- Lifetime Warranty.
For grinding wheat and other grains for flour or meal. Not an oil press.
- Mill must be securely mounted to a solid base
- Do not operate without mill in the grain hopper.
- Do not get moisture on the plates or bearings.
- If plates are run tightly against one another (without grain), excess wear will occur.
- Moist or soft grains/beans will cause clogging. If moisture content is high, back off the adjustment knob for a coarser grind. This will produce grits that are less likely to clog.
- You will receive a mixture of flour and cracked grains when set for a coarse grind.
- Remove wooden handle from mill before motorizing.
- "Full liability and responsibility for complying to all Federal, State, and Local Safety Standards is assumed by any person or persons who modify or motorize the Country Living Grain Mill in any way. Motorized mills should be operated by adults only. Note: All belts and pulleys not driven by hand should be enclosed for safety." —Country Living Grain Mills
Lifetime Warranty includes all parts except the grinding plates which are a wear item. Plate longevity depends on usage—but expect several years of daily home use before replacement.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Somatic Movements
Somatics is a field within bodywork and movement studies which emphasizes internal physical perception and experience. The term is used in movement therapy to signify approaches based on the soma, or "the body as perceived from within," including Alexander technique, the Feldenkrais Method, and Rolfing. In dance, the term refers to techniques based on the dancer's internal sensation, in contrast with "performative techniques," such as ballet or modern dance, which emphasize the external observation of movement by an audience. Somatic techniques may be used in bodywork, psychotherapy, dance, or spiritual practices - Wikipaedia


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There are several other methods besides Boothroyd Dewhurst when looking at Design for Assembly but it is by far the most popular and wide-spread. The operating thesis behind this method is that the product cost is directly related to the assembly time so if you can put it together quicker, there is less of a labor rate. Additionally, the assembly time and quality are directly related to both the part count and the ease in which the parts go together.
The Boothroyd Dewhurst Method involves systematically looking at the part geometry and how they're fastened to estimate a time to put the different parts together. Then, adding it up and comparing it to a theoretical minimum part count (what's the fewest number of possible parts you could have to build the product). You will then get a ratio of the two to get an overall design efficiency. The actual number does not matter as it's intended as a benchmarking tool; as you improve the design you have some benchmarks or some comparison points so you know this design is better or worse than that your previous design.
Most importantly, this method forces you to take a step back because everything is so rushed to get the actual product working and you're thinking about so many things. The Boothroyd Dewhurst method lets you pop up a level and think specifically about assembly and ask questions: Do I really need two parts? Can I put them together with snap fit rather than screws? It is those key insights that are important.
You can view the full video and accompanying slides below. The worksheet corresponding to slides 12 and 13 can be accessed here:
Video by Williamson Visuals


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Wuepper Family History
Wuepper Surname History
This page is the home for a detailed history of the Wuepper surname, Wuepper origins, and stories of Wuepper family members. Wuepper family history has rich origins of which the particulars have been accumulated over the years by Wuepper family researchers. The Wuepper family is an old lineage that has migrated all across the world over the centuries, and as the name Wuepper has spread, it has evolved making its etymology a challenge to unearth.
No content has been submitted here about Wuepper. The following is speculative information about Wuepper. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
The evolution of Wuepper starts with the origins of thefamily name. Even in the early generations of a name there have been changes in that name simply because surnames were infrequently written down that long ago.
It was not unusual for a surname to change as it enters a new country or language. As Wuepper families emigrated between countries, the Wuepper name may have changed with them. Wuepper ancestors have moved around the world all throughout history.
Wuepper country of origin
No content has been submitted about the Wuepper country of origin. The following is speculative information about Wuepper. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
The nationality of Wuepper is often very difficult to determine in cases which countries change over time, making the original nationality a mystery. The original ethnicity of Wuepper may be difficult to determine depending on whether the surname came in to being organically and independently in various locales; e.g. in the case of surnames that come from a professional trade, which can appear in multiple places independently (such as the surname "Archer" which was given to people who were bowmen).
Meaning of the last name Wuepper
No content has been submitted about the meaning of Wuepper. The following is speculative information about Wuepper. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
The meaning of Wuepper come may come from a profession, such as the name "Baker" which refers to the craft of baker. Many of these craft-based surnames might be a profession in another language. Because of this it is essential to know the country of origin of a name, and the languages spoken by its early ancestors. Many names like Wuepper originate from religious texts such as the Bhagavadgītā, the Quran, the Bible, and so forth. Commonly these names relate to a religious expression such as "Grace of God".
- Henry K Wuepper 1922 - 2003
- Grace E Wuepper 1913 - 2003
- Hilda Wuepper 1909 - 1978
- Helene Wuepper 1896 - 1978
- Mary Wuepper 1888 - 1984
- Bernard Wuepper 1892 - 1965
- Rudolph Wuepper 1895 - 1968
- Clarence L Wuepper 1913 - 1992
- Florence J Wuepper 1933 - 2010
- Howard Wuepper 1929 - 1957
- Juanita Wuepper 1909 - 1982
- Earl Wuepper 1908 - 1985
- Kirk J Wuepper 1938 - 1994
- Claude W Wuepper 1919 - 2001
- Dixie S Wuepper 1907 - 1990
- Anna P Wuepper 1923 - 1997
- Emma Wuepper 1903 - 1995
- Edna M Wuepper 1894 - 1991
- Minna Wuepper 1891 - 1981
- Emil J Wuepper 1903 - 1992
Wuepper Family Tree
Famous people named Wuepper
No famous people named Wuepper have been submitted. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
Nationality and Ethnicity of Wuepper
No content has been submitted about the ethnicity of Wuepper. The following is speculative information about Wuepper. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
We do not have a record of the primary ethnicity of the name Wuepper. Many surnames travel around the world throughout the ages, making their original nationality and ethnicity difficult to trace.
More about the name Wuepper
Fun facts about the Wuepper family
We have no fun facts about Wuepper. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
Wuepper spelling variations
No content has been submitted about alternate spellings of Wuepper. The following is speculative information about Wuepper. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
In times when literacy was uncommon, names such as Wuepper were transcribed based on how they sounded when people's names were recorded in public records. This could have led to misspellings of Wuepper. Knowing spelling variations and alternate spellings of the Wuepper name are important to understanding the possible origins of the name. Family names like Wuepper transform in how they're written as they travel across tribes, family unions, and countries across time.


Question: What Does Airtight Container Mean?
Whats is a seal?
1 : a sea mammal that swims with flippers, lives mostly in cold regions, bears young on land, feeds on fish and other sea animals (as squid), and is sometimes hunted for its fur, hide, or oil.
2 : the soft fur of a seal.
Kids Definition of seal (Entry 2 of 3).
What does blight mean?
(Entry 1 of 2) 1 botany. a : a disease or injury of plants marked by the formation of lesions, withering, and death of parts (such as leaves and tubers) potato blight. b : an organism (such as an insect or a fungus) that causes blight.
What is the meaning of indisputable?
English Language Learners Definition of indisputable : impossible to question or doubt : not disputable. See the full definition for indisputable in the English Language Learners Dictionary. indisputable. adjective. in·dis·put·able | \ ˌin-di-ˈspyü-tə-bəl, in-ˈdi-spyə- \
What do you store in an airtight container?
Sugars: Sugar is hydroscopic, meaning it attracts moisture, so make sure to keep sugars in airtight containers to prevent clumping. Rices, Beans, and Whole Grains: Airtight containers keep moisture and outside flavors and odors out. Spices: Make your spices last longer by keeping them in airtight containers.
What is a good airtight container?
Keep Food Fresher for Longer with the Best Airtight Food Storage ContainersRubbermaid Brilliance Pantry Organization & Food Storage Containers. … Anchor Hocking TrueSeal Round Glass Food Storage Containers. … OXO Good Grips 5-Piece POP Container Set. … Airscape Coffee and Food Storage Canister.More items…•Jan 11, 2021
What is the best airtight container?
The Rubbermaid Brilliance Pantry Food Storage Containers are the best dry storage containers for most people. The lids and containers in this set are very sturdy and seal tightly, even after multiple runs through the dishwasher.
Can you store baking soda in a Mason jar?
Yes, you can. You can also store your baking powder in glass jars.
Why is Tupperware bad for you?
Is a Ziploc bag airtight?
Ziploc bags have a tight seal, but they are not completely airtight. The unique zipper seal will minimize the amount of air that can slowly seep into the bag to keep your foods fresher longer.
Do airtight containers keep bugs out?
Airtight containers are designed to keep your food fresh and eliminate the risk of pantry pests. So, it's almost impossible for weevils to enter a high-quality airtight container. If you notice any bugs appear in your airtight container, it's likely there were already microscopic weevil eggs in your food.
Can mold grow in airtight containers?
Spores are indeed everywhere. And your food wasn't sterile when you put in the container. So leave a "sealed" container with food long enough, and if there is enough water in the container, something will grow.
What are airtight containers used for?
The airtight lids keep foods, such as cookies, crackers, chips, and cereals form becoming stale for a longer period of time when stored at room temperature. Plastic containers work well for all types of storage. They store well together and can really help organize a storage area.
Can you store fruit in an airtight container?
Cherries: Keep in airtight container. Don't wash cherries until ready to eat – any added moisture encourages mold. Citrus: Store in a cool place with good airflow and never in an airtight container. Berries: Berries are fragile.
What is the safest food storage container?
Glass Storage ContainersSafest: Glass Storage Containers The safest choice for food storage is glass. A couple of years ago, glass food storage containers were hard to come by and expensive.
How do you store flour for years?
You can leave your flour in its original bag, but for long-term storage, it's best to move it to an air-tight container that can protect against smells (flour will absorb odors) and liquids from the freezer walls.
How do you know if a container is airtight?
What do you mean by airtight?
1 : impermeable to air or nearly so an airtight seal. 2a : having no noticeable weakness, flaw, or loophole an airtight argument. b : permitting no opportunity for an opponent to score an airtight defense.
Is it better to store food in glass or plastic?
Glass is generally safer than plastic when it comes to food storage. You can heat and re-heat glass containers over and over without worrying about any chemical leeching into your food, and they're more durable, so your containers won't be dyed or smell like food residue after a while of use.
Is a jar an airtight container?
Canning (Mason) jars will be airtight once the lid is screwed on only if the jar, lid, and ring are not compromised. However, there will still be air inside the jar. The only way to remove air from the jar is by following the safe canning practices recommended by the USDA, which forms a vacuum.
Do airtight containers work?
Keeping food in airtight containers slows down oxidation Plus, storing your food in airtight food containers help prevent rancidity, especially in oily and fatty foods, since oxidation is the reason why these foods go rancid.


Table Of Contents
User Guide
[ aws. resource-groups ]
Returns a list of AWS resource identifiers that matches the specified query. The query uses the same format as a resource query in a CreateGroup or UpdateGroupQuery operation.
Minimum permissions
To run this command, you must have the following permissions:
 - resource-groups:SearchResources
See also: AWS API Documentation
See 'aws help' for descriptions of global parameters.
--resource-query
[--cli-input-json ]
[--starting-token ]
[--page-size ]
[--max-items ]
[--generate-cli-skeleton ]
--resource-query (structure)
The search query, using the same formats that are supported for resource group definition. For more information, see CreateGroup.
Type -> (string)
The type of the query. You can use the following values:
 - *CLOUDFORMATION_STACK_1_0: * Specifies that the Query contains an ARN for a CloudFormation stack.
 - ''TAG_FILTERS_1_0:'' * Specifies that the ''Query'' parameter contains a JSON string that represents a collection of simple tag filters for resource types and tags. The JSON string uses a syntax similar to the '' 'GetResources <>'__ '' operation, but uses only the '' 'ResourceTypeFilters <>'__ '' and '' 'TagFilters <>'__ '' fields. If you specify more than one tag key, only resources that match all tag keys, and at least one value of each specified tag key, are returned in your query. If you specify more than one value for a tag key, a resource matches the filter if it has a tag key value that matches *any of the specified values. For example, consider the following sample query for resources that have two tags, Stage and Version, with two values each: [{"Stage":["Test","Deploy"]},{"Version":["1","2"]}] The results of this query could include the following.
 - An EC2 instance that has the following two tags: {"Stage":"Deploy"}, and {"Version":"2"}
 - An S3 bucket that has the following two tags: {"Stage":"Test"}, and {"Version":"1"}
The query would not include the following items in the results, however.
 - An EC2 instance that has only the following tag: {"Stage":"Deploy"}. The instance does not have all of the tag keys specified in the filter, so it is excluded from the results.
 - An RDS database that has the following two tags: {"Stage":"Archived"} and {"Version":"4"} The database has all of the tag keys, but none of those keys has an associated value that matches at least one of the specified values in the filter.
Query -> (string)
The query that defines a group or a search.
Shorthand Syntax:
JSON Syntax:
 "Query": "string"
--starting-token (string)
--page-size (integer)
--max-items (integer)
See 'aws help' for descriptions of global parameters.
To find resources that match a query
The following search-resources example retrieves a list of all AWS resources that match the specified query.
aws resource-groups search-resources \
 --resource-query file://query.json
Contents of query.json:
 "Type": "TAG_FILTERS_1_0",
 "Query": "{\"ResourceTypeFilters\":[\"AWS::EC2::Instance\"],\"TagFilters\":[{\"Key\":\"Patch Group\", \"Values\":[\"Dev\"]}]}"
 "ResourceIdentifiers": [
 "ResourceArn": "arn:aws:ec2:us-west-2:123456789012:instance/i-01a23bc45d67890ef",
 "ResourceType": "AWS::EC2::Instance"
ResourceIdentifiers -> (list)
The ARNs and resource types of resources that are members of the group that you specified.
A structure that contains the ARN of a resource and its resource type.
ResourceArn -> (string)
The ARN of a resource.
ResourceType -> (string)
The resource type of a resource, such as AWS::EC2::Instance.
NextToken -> (string)
If present, indicates that more output is available than is included in the current response. Use this value in the NextToken request parameter in a subsequent call to the operation to get the next part of the output. You should repeat this until the NextToken response element comes back as null.
QueryErrors -> (list)
A list of QueryError objects. Each error is an object that contains ErrorCode and Message structures. Possible values for ErrorCode are CLOUDFORMATION_STACK_INACTIVE and CLOUDFORMATION_STACK_NOT_EXISTING.
A two-part error structure that can occur in ListGroupResources or SearchResources operations on CloudFormation stack-based queries. The error occurs if the CloudFormation stack on which the query is based either does not exist, or has a status that renders the stack inactive. A QueryError occurrence does not necessarily mean that AWS Resource Groups could not complete the operation, but the resulting group might have no member resources.
ErrorCode -> (string)
Message -> (string)
A message that explains the ErrorCode value. Messages might state that the specified CloudFormation stack does not exist (or no longer exists). For CLOUDFORMATION_STACK_INACTIVE, the message typically states that the CloudFormation stack has a status that is not (or no longer) active, such as CREATE_FAILED.


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All About Flash Mobs
Whether you've been a part of one or just enjoyed the viral vids that followed, flash mobs are a huge part of modern culture, combining spontaneity, fun, and strangers. Find out more in All About Flash Mobs!
What is a "Flash Mob"?
Flash mobs bring groups of people together who may or may not know each other in order to create a spontaneous scene in a public place, which is a (usually) delightful surprise for passers-by and undeniably fun for the participants! They usually start and end at a specific time, so they are short and unexpected, and can include people singing, dancing, pillow fighting – you name it! Flash mobs first started as a form of performance art in New York City, they usually are all about the visual effect, surprising an audience, and stay away from political demonstration and advertisement (although some companies have managed to use flash mobs to make commercials and pull off publicity stunts.)
Inventor of flash mobs Bill Wasik said:
"the mobs started as a kind of playful social experiment meant to encourage spontaneity and big gatherings to temporarily take over commercial and public areas simply to show that they could."
How is Organized?
Often flash mobs are organized online via different types of social media (Facebook events, Twitter, blogs or email), meaning you might not know any of the other people who show up! Word of mouth has to be discreet though, because while flash mobs are fun, it's more fun if it's a total surprise – no one wants the news cameras, cell phones and even police to outnumber the actual participants.
Flash Mob Fun Facts!
- In the 19th century in Tasmania the term "flash mob" was used to describe groups of female prisoners, this is no relation to how it's used now.
- The word "flash mob" was included in the Oxford English Dictionary in 2004
- In Philadelphia some flash mobs were later dubbed "flash robs" because people had used them to steal and riot.
- When a company or political act is behind the event, it's usually called a "smart mob" instead, since it isn't just for the joy of doing something wacky.
- The first flash mob took place in Manhattan, and in order to avoid police detection Bill Wasik had people meet at different bars and then go on to the mob at Macy's department store.
Check out this crazy dance flash mob below!
Have Your Say
Have you ever been part of a flash mob? Let us know in the comments section below!

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Dog agility is a dog sport in which a handler directs a dog through an obstacle course in a race for both time and accuracy. Dogs run off-leash with no food or toys as incentives, and the handler can touch neither dog nor obstacles.
Consequently the handler's controls are limited to voice, movement, and various body signals, requiring exceptional training of the animal and coordination of the handler.
In its simplest form, an agility course consists of a set of standard obstacles laid out by a judge in a design of his or her own choosing in an area of a specified size. The surface may be of grass, dirt, or rubber. Depending on the type of competition, the obstacles may be marked with numbers indicating the order in which they must be completed.
Courses are complicated enough that a dog could not complete them correctly without human direction. In competition, the handler must assess the course, decide on handling strategies, and direct the dog through the course, with precision and speed equally important. Many strategies exist to compensate for the inherent difference in human and dog speeds and the strengths and weaknesses of the various dogs and handlers.


\frac{3}{4} |z_i|^2 Im \frac{\sqrt{\pm D}}{b+2z_i^3} = \frac{3}{4} |z_i|^2 Im \frac{\sqrt{\pm D}}{2az_i -b} $$
Now we can sum over the roots and get $$ A = \frac{1}{4} Im \left(\sqrt{\pm D} \sum \frac{|z_i|^2}{2az_i -b} \right) $$ and we are letf with expressing the sum in the brackets as a function on $a$ and $b$.
My algebra gives $$ \sum \frac{|z_i|^2}{2az_i -b} = \frac{\pm \sum \frac{b}{|z_i|^2}}{b^3 + 4a^3b} $$ but I do not see any easy way to deal with the expression $\sum \frac{1}{z_i \bar z_i}$. Of course one can solve the cubic equation and work it out, but there should be an easier way.
share|improve this answer
It seems to me that the question is fully Russian: Dima, Igor, Wadim and Kassabov. – Wadim Zudilin Nov 23 '11 at 11:47
Sorry, but I am not russian :) – kassabov Nov 23 '11 at 12:05
What is the prizinal polynomial? – Igor Rivin Nov 23 '11 at 14:00
igor: I've meant original – kassabov Nov 23 '11 at 14:16
_USER_: I was conjecturing that, but my ignorance is deep, so there might have been some associated polynomial I was not aware of :) – Igor Rivin Nov 23 '11 at 16:24
For $t$ real, the area determined by the roots of $x^3-x^2+tx-t=(x-1)(x^2+t)$ is either $\sqrt{t}$ or $0$ according as $t \gt 0$ or $t \lt 0.$ At first that made me think that there is no hope. But now I think that maybe the polar coordinates of the coefficients are better to look at. One can go back and forth after a fashion using $\arctan.$ Another thought is that given $x^3+ax^2+bx+c$ one should work with $a^6$,$b^3$ and $c^2$ to account for the effect of scaling.
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Monday, August 16, 2010
mumbai's golden era of mafia
Mumbai's first recorded bank robbery was committed by a man with a fake name,'Anokhelal'. He came to Mumbai from Delhi after seeing the American movie Highway 301 (1950). He formed a gang of local criminals and committed the robbery after doing two rehearsals at the bank which were not noticed by the staff. The movie was later banned in Mumbai. The bank attacked was The Lloyds Bank at Fort in Mumbai. Rs 16 lakhs were stolen and the security guard was killed. The police solved the robbery based on information about a Rs 10,000 worth "Chaddar" that was laid at HajiAli durgah.
The first of mafia elements, or syndicates, perhaps had their origins in the gambling and bootleg liquor dens set up by a criminal named Karim Lala[1] in the 1940s.there was also a don named rama naik who hailed from byculla a close associate of bada rajan and mentor of arun gavli. he reigned from 70 to 1987 when he was encountered on the behest of dawood.Bada Rajan 1970-83. Currently the biggest such underworld leader is Dawood Ibrahim, who is probably living in Karachi, Pakistan.
In the illegal opium trade, the earliest dated mafia family was the Thane-based (Mumbai) Thanevale gang that was responsible for over 80% of the opium and heroin traficking in the 1860s according to an article by Harkisondas Thanawala (1965). Crime films revolving around the Indian mafia, particularly the Mumbai underworld, have been common in Indian cinema since the 1950s, evolving into a distinct genre known as Mumbai noir in the late 1990s.[4] The genre has its origins in the 1950s, with the Raj Kapoor films Awaara (1951) and Shree 420 (1955) being some of the earliest films involving the Mumbai underworld. In the 1960s, Shakti Samanta's China Town (1962), starring Shammi Kapoor and Helen, dealt with the criminal underworld that existed in Chinatown, Kolkata, at the time. It was the earliest film to introduce the plot element of a look-alike working as an undercover agent impersonating a gangster, an idea that was used again Don (1978) and many later films inspired by it.[5]
In the 1970s and early 1980s, many of the most well-known classic Bollywood movies were based around themes of fighting criminals and corruption at a time when crime was rising and authorities were powerless. Classic Amitabh Bachchan films depicted the underworld and the protagonists attempting to overcome it, including Prakash Mehra's Zanjeer (1972), Yash Chopra's Deewar (1975),Manmohan Desai's Amar Akbar Anthony (1977), Chandra Barot's Don (1978) and Vijay Anand's Ram Balram (1980). In particular, Deewar, which Danny Boyle described as being "absolutely key toIndian cinema", was a crime film pitting "a policeman against his brother, a gang leader based on real-life smuggler Haji Mastan", portrayed by Bachchan.[6] Most Bollywood crime movies at the time were fairly unrealistic with the masala style of action and plots. In Parallel Cinema on the other hand, the Calcutta trilogies of Bengali film directors Mrinal Sen and Satyajit Ray, particularly the 1976 filmJana Aranya (The Middleman), dealt with the Calcutta underworld in a more realistic manner.
In the late 1980s, Parallel Cinema filmmakers began producing more realistic Bombay underworld films, with an early example being Mani Ratnam's Tamil filmNayagan (1987), based on the life of the Bombay donVaradarajan Mudaliar, portrayed by Kamal HaasanNayagan was included in Time Magazine's "All-Time 100 Best Films" list, issued in 2005.[7] In Malayalam AbhimanyuAaryan directed by priyadarshan and Indrajaalam directed by Thambi kannamthanam depicts story or Munmbai underworld. The Bombay underworld was also depicted in Mira Nair's Academy Award nominated Hindi film Salaam Bombay! (1988). The underworld was also depicted in several other National Film Award winning films, including Vidhu Vinod Chopra's Parinda (1989) starring Anil KapoorMukul S. Anand's Agneepath (1990) starring Bachchan, and Sudhir Mishra's Dharavi (1991) also starring Om Puri.
Movie poster for Ram Gopal Varma'sSatya (1998), considered the beginning of the Mumbai noir genre.
In the late 1990s, Ram Gopal Varma's Satya (1998) marked the introduction of a new genre of film making, Mumbai noir, of which he is the acknowledged master.[4] The critical and commercial success of Satya led to an increased emphasis on realism in later Mumbai underworld films. Varma's next Mumbai noirfilm was Company (2002), based on the D-Company, a real-life criminal organization. Satya and Company both gave "slick, often mesmerizing portrayals of the Mumbai underworld", and displayed realistic "brutality and urban violence."[6] Satya won six Filmfare Awards, including the Critics Award for Best Film, while Company won seven Filmfare Awards. A prequel to Company was released in 2005, entitled D (2005), produced by Varma and directed by Vishram Sawant. Varma's three films SatyaCompany and D are together considered an "Indian Gangster Trilogy".[8] Varma also directed an Indian adaptation of The Godfather novel in a Mumbai underworld setting, called Sarkar (2005), and has more recently filmed an original sequel called Sarkar Raj (2008).
Mahesh Manjrekar's Vaastav: The Reality (1999) is another film that depicts the Indian mafia. Anurag Kashyap's Black Friday (2004) is based on S. Hussein Zaidi's book of the same name about the 1993 Bombay bombings, which involved the underworld organization, the D-Company.[6] Vishal Bharadwaj's Maqbool(2004) and Omkara (2006) are modern-day Indian mafia interpretations of the William Shakespeare plays Macbeth and Othello, respectively. Farhan Akhtar'sDon - The Chase Begins Again (2006) is a remake of Barot's original 1978 Don with Shahrukh Khan taking Bachchan's place in the title role. Apoorva Lakhia'sShootout at Lokhandwala (2007) is based on a real-life 1991 incident involving Commissioner Aftab Ahmed Khan and the Lokhandwala ComplexWaaris(2008) is an Indian television series on Zee TV with the Indian mafia as its background. The Mumbai underworld has also been depicted in Madhur Bhandarkar's Traffic Signal (2007) and Rajeev Khandelwal's Aamir (2008).
Danny Boyle's Academy Award winning film Slumdog Millionaire (2008), based on Vikas Swarup's Boeke Prize winning novel Q & A (2005), has also portrayed the Indian mafia, under the influence of earlier Mumbai noir films.[9] Boyle has cited previous Bollywood portrayals of the Mumbai underworld inDeewarSatyaCompany and Black Friday as direct influences on the film.[6][10] The Hollywood film Shantaram, based on Gregory David Roberts'sShantaram novel, also features the Indian mafia in its storyline. The film is being directed by Mira Nair and stars Johnny Depp in the lead role.
Indian mafia was widely potrayed in 2009 Bollywood's 2009 critically acclaimed film Kaminey.
[edit]Bollywood connections
D-Company is a term coined by the media for the criminal organization headed by wanted terrorist Dawood Ibrahim. Other prominent members of the gang include Chhota ShakeelTiger Memon andAbu Salem, who is now in the custody of Indian police. It is closely linked to a range of organized criminal and terrorist activities in South Asia, especially in MumbaiIndia, and the Persian Gulf


text:
A team of researchers from the National University of Singapore's Centre for Computational Science and Engineering and Zhejiang University has developed a new technique to control the interaction between electrons and vibrations on electronic transport.
This technique paves the way to effectively control data transportation in quantum computers as it improves the transportation of qubits, which are information encoded in electrons. The research team devised an electron transport model to evaluate the current fluctuations of electrons under the influence of phonons, which are quantized modes of vibration.
In the model, a nanomechanical resonator is used for exciting the phonons. The resonator is connected to a system known as double quantum dot (DQD), which can detain one or multiple electrons, to effectively examine the electron transport.
In this study, contrary to earlier studies, powerful random coupling regimes are imposed between the phonons generated by the resonator and electrons in the DQD. The researchers were able to control the phonon excitations without affecting the transportation of qubits. To achieve this, the researchers have utilized coherent phonon states method to decouple the interaction between the phonons and the electrons. The coherent phonon states technique is relied on attaining phonon resonance modes.
The research team has demonstrated that electrons can attain resonance and travel from one quantum dot to another if the surplus energy between the DQD system's two quantum dots is adequate to form an integer number of phonons. Multi-phonon excitations in powerful electron-phonon coupling regimes improve the electron transport. When the electron-phonon coupling becomes more powerful, the phonon scattering phenomenon suppresses the electron transport and detains the electrons. Thus, electron current fluctuations can be controlled effectively by adjusting the electron-phonon coupling, making it a better quantum switch for controlling the data transportation in quantum computers.


Cyprus dwarf hippopotamus
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 (Redirected from Cyprus Dwarf Hippopotamus)
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Cyprus dwarf hippo
Temporal range: Pleistocene to Holocene, 0.781–0.010Ma
A composite mounted skeleton of Hippopotamus minor
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Artiodactyla
Family: Hippopotamidae
Genus: Hippopotamus
Linnaeus, 1758
Species: H. minor
Binomial name
Hippopotamus minor
Desmarest, 1822[1]
The Cyprus dwarf hippopotamus or Cypriot pygmy hippopotamus (Hippopotamus minor) is an extinct species of hippopotamus that inhabited the island of Cyprus until the early Holocene.
The 200-kilogram (440-lb) Cyprus dwarf hippo was roughly the same size as the extant pygmy hippopotamus. Unlike the modern pygmy hippo, the Cyprus dwarf became small through the process of insular dwarfism. This same process is believed to cause the dwarfism found in some dwarf elephants, the pygmy mammoth, and Homo floresiensis. The animal is estimated to have measured 76 cm tall and 121 cm long.[2]
Hippopotamus minor is the smallest hippopotamus of all known insular hippopotamuses. The extremely small size of the hippo is in favour of a Middle Pleistocene or perhaps even Early Pleistocene colonization.[3] At the time of its extinction between 11,000 and 9,000 years ago, the Cyprus dwarf hippo was the largest animal on the island of Cyprus. It was a herbivore and had no natural predators.[4]
Excavation sites on Cyprus, particularly Aetokremnos, provide evidence that the Cyprus dwarf hippo may have encountered and been driven to extinction by the early human residents of Cyprus.[5][6][7]
A similar species of hippo, the Cretan dwarf hippopotamus (Hippopotamus creutzburgi) existed on the island of Crete, but became extinct during the Pleistocene.
Alternative name[edit]
Many scientists maintain the name Phanourios minor for the Cypriot dwarf hippo. This generic name was given by Paul Sondaar and Bert Boekschoten in 1972,[8] based on the remains from Agios Georgios, Cyprus. At the site, a chapel had been built into the fossiliferous rocks. The rock strata here are very rich in bone content (bone breccia). For centuries, as already mentioned by Bordone in the 16th century,[9] villagers go there to collect some of these bones, which in their opinion are holy, because they are the petrified remains of Saint Fanourios (see also Phanourios (saint)), a Greek Orthodox Saint who, according to local myth, had fled from Syria to escape his percursors, but had stranded at the hostile rocky coast of Cyprus. The collected bones are ground into a powder with medicinal powers. To honour the local tradition and to refer to the site, Sondaar and Boekschoten named their new genus Phanourios, following the Greek spelling. They gave the specific name minutus, but this was later changed to minor following rules of priority.
See also[edit]
 1. ^ · Desmarest, A.G., 1822. Mammalogie ou description des espèces de mammifères. Mme Veuve Agasse imprimeur édit., Paris, 2ème part., pp.277-555.
 2. ^ Hadjicostis, Menelaos (6 December 2007). "Dwarf Hippo Fossils Found on Cyprus". Fox Television (The Associated Press). Retrieved 2007-12-06.
 3. ^ Van der Geer A., Lyras G., De Vos J., Dermitzakis M. 2010. Evolution of Island Mammals: Addaptation and Extinction of Placental Mammals on Islands. Wiley-Blackwell.
 4. ^ Burness, G. P.; Diamond, J.; Flannery, T. (2001-12-04). "Dinosaurs, dragons, and dwarfs: The evolution of maximal body size". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 98 (25): 14518–14523. doi:10.1073/pnas.251548698. ISSN 0027-8424. JSTOR _PHONE_. PMC 64714. PMID _PHONE_. Retrieved 2012-01-28.
 5. ^ The earliest prehistory of Cyprus from colonization to exploitation, ed. Swiny, Stuart, American Schools of Oriental Research, 2001, In PDF
 7. ^ Simmons, A. H.; Mandel, R. D. (December 2007). "Not Such a New Light: A Response to Ammerman and Noller". World Archaeology 39 (4): 475–482. doi:10.1080/00438240701676169. JSTOR 40026143.
 8. ^ Boekschoten G.J., Sondaar P.Y. 1972. On the fossil mamalia of Cyprus, I & II. Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen (Series B), 75 (4): 306–38.
 9. ^ Bordone B. 1528. Libro di Benedetto Bordone. Nel qual si ragiona di tutte l'Isole del mondo, con li lor nomi antichi & moderni, historie, favole, & modi del loro vivere. Niccolo Zoppino, Venice. In facsimile, Edizioni Aldine, Modena, 1982.


text:
Secret DNR report details warming dangers in SC
COLUMBIA — South Carolina's wildlife agency gathered a team of scientists more than a year ago to study what could happen if temperatures in the state continue to warm, but have never released their report.
A draft of the committee's findings determined that if temperatures rise in the South by 9 degrees as projected by some over the next 70 years, South Carolina would see more beach flooding and invasion of non-native species such as piranha and Asian swamp eels, according to a draft of the report obtained by The State of Columbia.
One scientist involved in the initial work on the report for the Department of Natural Resources said there were political concerns whether readers of the report would accept that global warming was happening and was a danger.
"There were concerns about the political nature of it," Barry Beasley said.
But the new DNR director said the report needs more work before it is released. The agency also is busy with other environmental matters such as port expansion and a massive gold mine planned for Lancaster County, DNR Director Alvin Taylor said.
The group had 18 members, including seven PhDs, a climatologist and at least five other agency biologists.
"Scientists in all divisions of the DNR are concerned over the potential impacts of climate change on natural resources," the draft report says. "DNR recognizes climate change as a real phenomenon, grounded in numerous scientific studies, and DNR recognizes that thoughtful and careful planning is needed in order to protect the natural resources of the Palmetto State.


Breath–the great slowing of the world–or not. If they choose to not continue it then reveal the Duration number. If the Duration number higher than the Count, the Breath ends and the world catches up and they may take their turn as normal. If the Duration is equal to the Count, the world snaps back abruptly and the wearer takes 1 exhaustion, but may continue their turn as normal otherwise.
The PC may take their turn as normal, but their movement is halved and they may not take Reactions.
At the end of their turn, raise the Count by 1. All other turns, counts, durations, and actions (and reactions) by all other parties are suspended (as they are frozen in time). This includes progress on poisons or spell effects. The wearer starts another turn (begin the "at the start of their next turn" sequence with the DM checking if the Duration is less than the Count…" and on).
 1. The description for The Long Breath is a little confusing. Here's how I understand it: if you end the Breath early, you're fine. If not, you take a level of Exhaustion. If you go over the Duration, you also gain a number of levels of Exhaustion equal to the Duration. Is that right? If so, I'd suggest changing it to "after ending the Breath, the user gains a number of Exhaustion levels equal to [the Count – the Duration], minimum 0."
 1. They do not. I suggest writing down the particulars (what there are) on an index card and putting it in an envelope or similarly secure tamper-proof place. Bring it out when their death happens. Voila.
 For example, if the card says "A year hence there will be a woman, child of a maker, and from her hand and smile the asps will bite inside you"… that's off to the side and maybe a Tavern wench, a forgettable NPC, mixes up the cups and poison that was intended for some other assassination (off camera) accidentally gets served to the PC. Death. Rip open the flap, show the contents.
 What the player should try and do is find ways to Divine out what's on the card. Commune spells from the Cleric… Divination magic… etc. There's nothing that says they CAN'T know, only that they don't start off knowing.
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STATEN ISLAND, N.Y. -- Back in the 1800s, when ambitious New York-based painters went looking for dramatic landscapes, they found them a ferry-ride away, on Staten Island.
At the time, the Island's high, central hills were still wooded and sparsely settled. Much of the level land was green farmland. The surrounding waters were clean and filled with picturesque sailing vessels. The place was a landscape painter's dream come true.
The era will be documented for the first time in "Staten Island Scenery: _PHONE_," a new book by Barnett Shepherd, the New Brighton-based historian who is director emeritus of Historic Richmond Town and an advisor to the Staten Island Museum.
The book, published jointly by Richmond Town and the museum, will be released later in the year. Both collections preserve paintings of Island scenes from the 19th Century
"At the time, our Island was regarded as a glorious representation of all of America," Shepherd said. "There were scenic views of the the harbor, acres of woods, grassy meadows, marshy wetlands and, the hills, which towered over the terrain other boroughs. These were perfect scenes for artists to recreate."
Landscape paintings became popular with the public. Eventually painters left the city and sailed up the Hudson River looking for new views. Even after they headed west, artists who specialized in dramatic, unpopulated American landscapes became known as Hudson River School painters.
"Staten Island Scenery: _PHONE_" will be accompanied by documentary DVD, narrated by Shepherd and directed by award-winning director Ed Wiseman, who is also executive director of Historic Richmond Town.


text:
What is Advocacy?
Advocacy is the process of standing beside someone and supporting them to:
- understand and exercise their rights
- have their voice heard on the issues that are important to them.
What is an Advocate?
An advocate is an impartial person, who:
- takes the time to listen and understand your views and wishes
- informs you of your rights and responsibilities
- assists you to explore your options and make informed decisions
- supports you to raise your concerns and work towards a resolution
- provides practical assistance such as help to write a letter or raise your concerns at a meeting
- speaks for you in situations where you don't feel able to speak for yourself
- increases your capacity to self-advocate
- engage with the aged care system including My Aged Care and the Aged Care Complaints Commissioner
- transition between aged care services
- make informed decisions about the care they receive
- exercise their right to choice in accessing and receiving aged care services
- have their aged care rights better understood, recognised and upheld
- resolve problems or complaints with aged care providers in relation to the aged care services they receive
- address issues that impact their ability to live in their own homes, with the aim of preventing premature admission to aged care facilities and focusing on wellness and reablement.
OPAN Advocacy Services
Older Persons Advocacy Network offer free aged care advocacy services that are independent and confidential. The services focus on supporting older people and their representatives to raise and address issues relating to accessing and interacting with Commonwealth funded aged care services.
Older Persons Advocacy Network offer advocacy services that are rights based. They seek to ensure that aged care consumers understand and exercise their rights and participate, to the maximum degree possible, in the decisions affecting their care. Older Persons Advocacy Network advocates always place the consumer at the centre of the process and act at the consumer's direction.
Older Persons Advocacy Network advocates are skilled and experienced professionals who have extensive aged care knowledge. To find out more about the Older Persons Advocacy Network Organisation in your state/territory go to our OPAN Network Page.
Older Persons Advocacy Network organisations assist older people, including their families and representatives:
- who are receiving Commonwealth-funded aged care services; or
- who are seeking to receive Commonwealth-funded aged care services.
Commonwealth funded aged care services that we can provide advocacy support for include:
- Residential aged care
- Home Care Packages
- Commonwealth Home Support Programme services (CHSP)
- The Commonwealth Continuity of Support (CoS) Programme
- Commonwealth-funded dementia services
- Flexible care services, including: the National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Flexible Aged Care Program, the Innovation Pool Program, Multi-purpose services, Transition care and Short-term restorative care.
Older Persons Advocacy Network is committed to ensuring aged care advocacy services are accessible to all consumers including people who are Culturally and Linguistically Diverse, Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander, people living with dementia, Veterans and care leavers, people who are financially or socially disadvantaged, and people at risk of homelessness.


text:
Summary: USING GEOPHYSICAL METHODS TO IMAGE THE INTERNAL
STRUCTURE OF MINE WASTE ROCK PILES
, Chouteau, M.1
, Aubertin, M.1
and Bussière, B.2
Department-CGM, Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal, Canada.
(_EMAIL_, _EMAIL_, _EMAIL_)
UQAT-URSTM, Rouyn-Noranda, Canada
Mine waste rock piles, or rockwaste dumps, containing metallic sulphides are a favourable
environment for the generation of acid mine drainage (AMD). There are many physical,
geochemical and biological processes that lead to the production of AMD within waste rock
piles. One of the most critical of these is water flow and water distribution in the waste rock.
To fully understand this process, it is critical to know the internal structure of waste rock
piles. In this paper, the authors show the results of an investigation where resistivity and
ground penetrating radar (GPR) geophysical methods have been used to study mine dumps.


Cal State Fullerton research team developing biometric authentication process
A student research team at Cal State Fullerton is currently working on a new process to improve personal security using multimodal biometric authentication, according to a report by Daily Titan.
The CSUF research team consists of seven students led by computer science professor Mikhail Gofman and information systems and decision sciences professor Sinjini Mitra, both of whom are experts in biometrics fusion research and biometric authentication, respectively.
The team recently presented at the CSUF Southern California Conference for Undergraduate Research.
Their focus is on improving smartphone and tablet security by developing a multimodal framework, which uses multiple inputs, such as face and voice, to unlock or secure these devices.
The research team believes that improved biometric authentications could provide more secure authentication protocols than traditional systems that use passwords and pins.
Additionally, the team's research also concluded that current sensor technology and biometric algorithms are not strong enough to stand up against advanced spoofing attacks or tend to not work well in less than ideal conditions.
The team tested both Fischer Faces and Hidden Markov Model algorithms, which are typically used in face and voice recognition.
Based on their tests, the algorithms were found to have 40% error rates. But when the team experimented using their own approach they were able to cut the error rates down to nearly 20%.
"Our preliminary results indicate that such 'multimodal' fusion yields significantly more accurate authentication results than methods that use only one single biometric trait," Mitra said.
The team's prototype allows the user to record a brief video of their face while speaking a sentence. The prototype then extracts the photographs and audio from the video, and statistically combines the samples to generate a third level of integrated biometrical inputs.
In the future, the team also plans to include fingerprinting in the process because many smartphones are now equipped with built-in fingerprint scanners.
To date, the research team has only experimented on the Android platform, but it hopes to soon conduct research on Apple's iOS.
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Transcript Typist» search for more Jobs
The role of a Transcript typist is to record the spoken word of people in different contexts be it in parliament, courts of law or television broadcasts using a stenotype shorthand machine, computer or sound equipment. There are usually no tertiary requirements to become a transcript typist; however it is useful to complete a course in machine shorthand, with training on the specific procedures giving to you on the job. Some settings like parliaments might require formal qualifications in English language with particular knowledge of gramma and linguistics. To be successful in this role you will need to have a very fast typing speed, good command of English, good attention to detail and be able to work under pressure in a fast paced environment.


text:
1 February - 7 May 2023
Atlantide 2017 – 2023, the project curated by Lorenzo Balbi and conceived for MAMbo by Yuri Ancarani is an "explosion" of the film Atlantide, which premiered in the Orizzonti section of the 2021 Venice Film Festival and was subsequently shown at numerous international festivals: a journey through the research process and the many materials produced and on which the artist made a selection, giving them a new formalization over the last six years, before, during and after the making of the film.
In an enveloping and immersive atmosphere, the audience can follow an external narrative that goes beyond a feature film, thanks to a series of previously unseen contents produced for the exhibition.
Although the film's narrative, set in Venice, revolves around Daniele and other boys and girls, the lagoon city's singularity emerges as the main character. Thus, the focus is the Venice-Atlantis the artist has recreated at MAMbo, a city difficult to define, suffocated by exploitative tourism, and under constant environmental threats that affect the entire planet yet become particularly meaningful here. Now reduced to fewer than 50,000 inhabitants, they live suspended between the need to fight against being inundated by the lagoon, the relentless waves of tourism, and the temptation to abandon the struggle and leave the city to its fate. At the same time, from a broader perspective, Ancarani's Venice loses its geographical and urban connotation, becoming a symbol, an ideal representation of the decadence of capitalism, and a model depicting a global problem.
Adolescent despair, Venice's decay, and the deterioration of the environment and human relationships are the major themes that run through Atlantide 2017 – 2023, that can be interpreted as a single choral work. At the journey's end, one realizes how these problems, these issues, concern not only Venice or Venetians but involve us all directly.
To MAMbo website


lectio difficilior Look up lectio difficilior at Dictionary.com
Latin, literally "harder reading," from phrase maxim difficilior lectio potior. In textual reconstruction (of the Bible, etc.) the rule that, of two alternative manuscript readings, the one whose meaning is less obvious is less likely to be a copyist's alteration, and therefore should be given precedence. From lectio, noun of action from past participle stem of legere "to read" (see lecture (n.)).


Why Aren't Accountable Care Organizations Improving Mental Health? | Mental Health America
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Why Aren't Accountable Care Organizations Improving Mental Health?
By Nathaniel Counts, MHA Senior Policy Director, and Paul Gionfriddo, MHA President and CEO
The average rate of depression remission at twelve months for people not receiving any mental health treatment in this country is 53 percent. But in Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs), it's only 9 percent. Mental Health America (MHA) wants to know why.
ACOs were the first big innovation in the value-based payment movement. Here's how they work: A group of providers get together and make a deal with an insurance company. If they achieve certain quality objectives and end up costing less than the insurance company expected to spend that year, they get half of the money they saved back.
The idea is that then everyone wins: the patients get better outcomes, the doctors get additional revenue, and the insurance company saves money.
One of the quality measures that ACOs are scored on is Depression Remission at Twelve Months – for those people that screen positive for depression, what percent of them screen negative by the end of the year?
For now, ACOs only need to say how they're doing on this measure; they don't (yet) get paid based on this. But the data from last year – newly available as of last month – are beginning to paint a picture. It isn't pretty.
Using the public data, across all ACOs that reported this measure, the average rate of depression remission at twelve months across the population they served was a little over 9 percent. Only nine out of every hundred people who screened positive for depression improved clinically by the end of the year. By comparison, a recent study found that the average rate of depression remission at twelve months for people not receiving any treatment was likely around 53 percent.
We don't think that ACOs are making people sicker, but the data suggest that something is probably going wrong.
First, if someone screens positive for depression and then the ACO doesn't screen them a second time later, that still counts against the ACOs score. That could be what is happening in many cases – they screen once but don't screen again. This means that we don't know if these people are getting better, which was supposed to be part of the goal of the new value-based payment models.
It could also be other issues, like the population of people being screened for in the ACOs are sicker and have more need than most. But again, we don't really know from the sparse data available.
MHA thinks the value-based payment movement holds great promise for mental health. Based on these early results, MHA is exploring how to better support ACOs and ensure that the future of value-based payment is one that, first and foremost, values acting before stage 4 in mental health (you can see another paper we wrote on this subject here). While we're working on a longer academic paper and responding to an open comment period on ACOs, we wanted to share some of our goals:
 - We need to make screening easier and ubiquitous. If people screen regularly and have the option to share their results with their doctor, then it will be easier for doctors to see how the people they're treating are doing, and we will have more reliable information about whether people are getting better;
 - Doctors need more help in treating mental health. At MHA, we think peer support specialists could be a critical part of recovery in more settings, including ACOs, along with other options like digital apps or telehealth to connect people with mental health providers. More providers should also receive meaningful training in treating mental health conditions; and
 - When ACOs are able to do a good job addressing mental health in their population, they should receive larger payments. Tying payments to improved mental health would elevate best practices, finance further improvements, and get more systems to invest in mental health treatment.
Over the coming months, MHA will be working to advance these changes, because 9 percent remission rates are far too low ever to be acceptable.
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Creates a new stored procedure.
procedure-nameshould follow the normal rules for naming database objects, see Naming Objects.
procedure-nameis specified in its unqualified form, the procedure will be created in the schema which has the same name as the current ident.
procedure-nameis specified in its fully qualified form (i.e.
schema-name.procedure-name) the procedure will be created in the named schema (in this case, the current ident must be the creator of the specified schema).
The fully qualified procedure name must be used by all idents except the ident that has the same name as the schema to which the procedure belongs.
parameter-definitionshould follow the normal rules for naming SQL identifiers, see Naming Objects.
It is possible to create multiple procedures with the same name if they differ with regard to either the number of parameters, or the data type for the parameters. See Mimer SQL Programmer's Manual, Parameter Overloading for more information. Type precedence lists are found in Type Precedence Lists.
Each routine can be given a specific name, which must be unique within a schema. If no specific name is given, the system will generate a unique name. The specific name for a procedure can be retrieved by using the
A specific name can be used in
REVOKEstatements. It is particularly useful when dealing with procedures with parameter overloading. Instead of having to specify a list of data types, in order to distinguish the procedure, the specific name can be used.
The following mode values may be specified in a
The parameter is effectively write-only, i.e. it can only be used as the target for an assignment and cannot be used in a value expression in the procedure. This type of parameter must be a variable in the procedure
INOUTis specified, then
The permitted data types, specified in
parameter-definition, are pre-defined data types (described in Data Types in SQL Statements), and user-defined types (see CREATE TYPE).
result-set-clauseis specified, the procedure is created as a result set procedure. A result set procedure is a special type of procedure which returns a result-set and is called by being specified in a cursor declaration, see DECLARE CURSOR, rather than by using the
NOT DETERMINISTICis specified, then
NOT DETERMINISTICis implicit.
DETERMINISTICis specified, then the procedure is guaranteed to produce the same result every time it is invoked with the same set of input values and repeated invocations of it can, therefore, be optimized.
The following access options may be specified:
READS SQL DATA
procedural-sql-statementsare permitted except those performing updates (i.e.
UPDATE). The procedure may only invoke
READ SQL DATAfunctions, methods and procedures.
MODIFIES SQL DATA
READS SQL DATAnor
MODIFIES SQL DATAis specified, then
CONTAINS SQLis implicit.
A procedure created this way cannot be added to a module.
It is possible to create multiple procedures with the same name in a schema if the procedures have a different number of parameters or parameters with different data types.
It is not possible to create a synonym for a procedure name.
A parameter name must be unique within the procedure.
ROWdata type cannot be specified in
parameter-definitionor in a
A domain data type cannot be specified in
parameter-definitionor in a
A result set procedure may only have parameters with mode
A result set procedure or a routine invoked from within a result procedure, must not execute a
ROLLBACKstatement because this would interfere with the cursor used when the result set procedure is called.
DETERMINISTICis specified, the
procedural-sql-statementof the procedure may not contain, or be, a reference to:
MODIFIES SQL DATAcannot be used for a result set procedure.
An ident must have
EXECUTEprivilege on the procedure in order to invoke it.
Refer to the Mimer SQL User's Manual, Creating Functions, Procedures, Triggers and Modules, for details on using the
CREATE PROCEDUREstatement in Mimer BSQL where the
_USER_ is required.
ExampleCREATE PROCEDURE res_proc (IN A INTEGER, IN B INTEGER) RETURNS TABLE (CLIENT_NAME VARCHAR(32), CLIENT_ID INTEGER) READS SQL DATA BEGIN... END;
For more information, see the Mimer SQL User's Manual, Creating Functions, Procedures, Triggers and Modules.
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6 Safety Management Tips For Dam Owners
Humans have increasingly become dependent on electricity, which is due in no small part to the many advances in technology. From healthcare and commerce to the way people communicate with each other, everything that makes life livable now requires electrical power.
With all the growing demand for electricity, government and business leaders are continually pressured by the public to find ways to generate more power while keeping the planet safe. Renewable energy is the buzzword for finding the balance between power generation and giving the environment a much-needed TLC (tender loving care).
That said, water is one of the most common sources of renewable energy – it generates hydroelectricity, which makes up around 44% of renewable energy in the U.S. alone. Harvesting hydropower involves harnessing the flow of water. In other words, hydropower plants require dams to be built to hold and control the water that'll turn the generators or turbines, generating electricity.
But hydropower is just one part of the equation. Water is essential for humans, without which life won't even be possible. From hydropower to drinking water supply, dams will continue to be vital for humanity's survival. Owners must manage their dams effectively to keep them safe and working. Doing so can prevent risks that may result in loss of life and property.
Challenges Posed By Dams
Most dams used for hydropower generation and water supply are man-made–they're made up of concrete. Hence, there are structural and stability challenges that need to be solved. You don't need to see a movie just to know what might happen if a dam is breached.
 There was a time when operators relied on visual inspection, photos, and interpretation by engineers to analyze a dam's safety levels. Today, there are state-of-the-art monitoring tools to help dam operators. Hence, there are now advanced solutions that allow dam owners to keep the structural integrity in check.
Take the case of Hunter Water Grahamstown Dam in Australia. This dam is designed to provide a drinking water supply and recycled water service to an area with approximately 600,000 people. As a storage dam, it constantly presents challenges that can compromise its structural integrity.
Using modern dam monitoring tools, Grahamstown Dam owners can effectively manage the dam's integrity in a remote setting. In turn, this allows nearby residents to sleep soundly at night. The secret lies in using AI technology, such as Rezatec's Dam Monitoring solution, to remotely churn out geospatial data that tracks everything–from ground movements to moisture levels. Nothing is left to chance or open interpretation. Also, fewer visual inspections are now required.
Dam Safety Management Tips
Indeed, humans have completely changed the way water is stored–whether for drinking or generating power. In a study aimed at monitoring and taking a closer look at the changing levels of global freshwater sources, researchers used NASA's satellite and found that humans are now responsible for 57% of the planet's seasonal water storage, which is happening in reservoirs and dams.
With the ever-increasing world population, it's logical for one to think that more reservoirs and dams will be built in the foreseeable future. Whether it's for drinking or harnessing hydropower, dams are here to stay. Owners and operators must learn to manage their dams dynamically.
Taking a cue from what operators did in managing the safety of the Grahamstown Dam, here are some tips on how to keep dams safe and functioning properly for years to come.
1. Create A Dam's Risk Profile
No dam is perfect. For one, there's always a trade-off among costs, location, and capacity when designing and building dams. It's left to the owners to make the best out of the dams they're managing. In a bid to reduce risks, owners should always know the status of their dams. For one, they should define risk areas and be aware of the dam's weaknesses.
By creating a dam's risk profile, managers won't be caught unaware should disasters occur. For instance, if a barrier was designed to withstand a 10-magnitude earthquake, then a reading of 11 on the Richter scale should put workers on full alert even if the dam isn't breached. Emergency inspections and responses should also be triggered.
2. Effective Dam Monitoring In Place
Dams, like the one in Grahamstown, require continued monitoring. There's no shortcut to knowing or tracking the structural integrity of a dam except via monitoring.
In the past, owners relied on photography and visual inspections. The problem was the data gathered could be biased and were open to misinterpretation. Hence, it would be best to adopt AI-based solutions to ensure accurate monitoring data.
3. Ready Access To Construction Documentation
Dams are big structures and they're often made up of different segments and materials. Making things more complicated is the fact that no two dams are the same–each has its own design features.
When managing a dam, the people responsible for it should have access to the dam's design and construction blueprint. By doing so, managers will be less likely to do things that can compromise the dam's structure and functionality.
4. Prioritize Incident Reports
Dam workers must be required to report all incidents that occur, including emergencies and operational shutdowns. Such reports will keep the management in the loop and enable key players to recommend a plan of action to prevent such incidents from happening again.
dam safety guide
5. Operations And Safety Manuals At The Ready
Dams are run by different people working in various shifts. While training workshops are essential for new and experienced workers, people tend to forget what they're trained for. It's crucial to have operations and safety manuals readily accessible to ensure that everyone is on the same page while operating the dam. This way, workers won't be left guessing on what to do in case emergencies happen.
6. Multi-discipline Management Approach
While new technologies allow remote, scalable, and cost-effective dam management, it's still vital to have human operators and engineers tracking changes or investigating anomalies. Environmental sciences should work with soil engineering and other disciplines. AI should also work with good old-fashioned human insights.
By combining multiple disciplines, dam owners will be more confident in reducing risks and meeting regulatory requirements across different sectors.
Dams are vital for human survival. They can be harnessed to provide water supply and electricity. Due to this, expect that there will be more dams built in the foreseeable future.
With that in mind, owners and operators should learn how to keep dams safe and effective to prevent loss of life and property.


Fidel Castro's Hurricane Cannon
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A rare image of the cannon minutes after firing.
A Hurricane Cannon, developed by your friendly neighborhood dictator, Fidel Castro, is a unique, specialized weapon for the purpose of modifying weather patterns to seed hurricanes. Intelligence reports from the CIA state that the weapon is currently deployed on the coast of Cuba. Though the weapon is still actively maintained, it has not been used since the 2008 assumption of office by current president, Raúl Castro.
edit History of Weapons of Meteorological Destruction
edit Early Iterations
Fidel Castro based his plans for the Hurricane Cannon on stories and illustrations surviving from the Middle Ages. Visigoths had once harnessed the ability to seed clouds after trading the secret of the kite from the Chinese. They employed the weapon against their enemy Switzerland, destroying many ships and coastal facilities. As recently as 1987, the French deployed a medium-range hurricane against southeast England in revenge for being defeated in the Cricket world cup.
Documented use of the basic idea of the weapon also took place in Japan. Using similar means as the Visigoths and French, the Japanese were easily able to keep any enemy off their shores by hurling typhoons at them. During this time, the idea evolved beyond a man flying a kite, as the Japanese developed a method of seeding the hurricane systems using arrows fired from large seige engines. They called this weapon a Japanese Typhoon Engine (タイフー ブキ). Use of the weapon was outlawed in the terms of the surrender of World War II.
edit Development by Castro
During his childhood, Castro researched many ways to help bring down the capitalist pigs that surrounded him. It was during this time that he learned of the Japanese Typhoon Engine. After freeing and uniting his own country under the glorious Communist leadership, he immediately returned to researching how hurricane seeding worked. The geographic location of his country lent itself to his plan, as well, due to the region being ripe for creating hurricanes.
After adapting the idea of the Japanese Typhoon Engine to modern weapon and weather control systems, Castro allocated large parts of the nation's budget to developing the weapon. However, he kept the weapon top secret, even from his own men. Castro personally developed the weapons system in a cave on the outskirts of Havana, under the guise that he was constructing a suit of powered armor.
In 1983 he successfully tested the weapon from that same cave and fired what would be known as Hurricane Alicia. The first test shot rained down terror and destruction to Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Nebraska. Although the weapon has occasionally misfired and hit his own country, it has successfully caused hundreds of billions of dollars worth of damage to the United States infrastructure, and sank one city.
edit Specific Targets
One projected path of how the Hurricane Cannon could threaten San Francisco.
The CIA has disclosed information regarding the targeting system, and stated that they believe that Fidel Castro had been intentionally targeting certain US cities. The default target Castro would aim at is New Orleans, Louisiana, believed to be due to the fact that it is below sea level, therefore potentially sustaining more damage from flooding. However, he has set the sights on other locations, such as cities in Texas and Florida.
Theories have also surfaced regarding the possibility of Castro using relay stations from abandoned Soviet outposts all over the Southern Atlantic and Pacific oceans. If this were the case, he might be able to successfully seed a tropical storm that would be launched out from each relay station, until it came around South America and then hit California. Skeptics counter that the temperature differences would break up a tropical storm, but reports from NOAA state that the time the storm would spend in the Antarctic would be minimal and that it could regain considerable strength on the journey back North.
edit Defense
The United States' developed a defense system in 1985, after discovering that the Cubans had caused Hurricane Alicia. The plan involved having Florida be a defensive wall that should weaken most systems passing into the Gulf. This plan, however, has been scrutinized for several reasons. The weather in Florida is very nice, when hurricanes aren't smashing into it, and so people have settled and built cities on what was intended to just be a wall to block off the Gulf. Another failing point lies in the fact that after seeding, the hurricanes sometimes travel South around Cuba, completely avoiding Florida.
Despite the criticism, Florida is still the US' best official plan for defense against the Hurricane Cannon. President Bush was able to offer some advice for the outcries following Hurricane Katrina, stating that citizens should not "live in a hut made of Mardi Gras beads below sea level in a hurricane zone," and that "pooping on the er, hurricanes... does not seem to uh, discourage them... or cause them to change course or anything."
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text:
MCEER-06-0010 | 9/21/2006 | 350 pages
TOC: The table of contents is provided.
Keywords: Polymer matrix composite (PMC) materials. Retrofitting. Infill panel systems. Existing structures. Composite materials. Material efficiency. Construction. Structural enhancement. Seismic performance. Lateral resistance. Structural damping. Energy dissipation.
Abstract: In this research, three prefabricated polymer matrix composite (PMC) infill panel systems for seismic retrofitting were proposed. The PMC infill panels were studies using experimental methods to assess their effectiveness and response under simulated earthquake loading. Applying the concept of combined interface damping layers to the proposed panel systems was found to be highly feasible in the seismic applications. Design and fabrication procedures for each PMC infill panels were presented, and a conceptual trial design was performed using finite element analysis. To validate the proposed systems in real situations, both monotonicand cyclic-loading tests were performed on full-scale models. According to the authors, the results obtained from this research showed that the systems offer the potential to increase the damping as well as the lateral resistance of steel frames, with a relatively low cost of retrofitting. Tables, figures and references are included.


The best way to conference proceedings by Francis Academic Press
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A Comparative Study on the Effect of Qi -Lu Cultural Differences on Regional Economic Development in Shandong
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DOI: 10.25236/icbdem.2020.002
Jinqing Zhang
Corresponding Author
Jinqing Zhang
There is a close correlation between culture and economy, and economic development of any region is inseparable from cultural factors. Qi-Lu culture, as one of the traditional Chinese cultures, exerts a profound impact on economic development of Shandong. This paper analyzes the similarities and differences between Qi culture and Lu culture, and takes economic development of Jining and Zibo as examples to investigate the characteristics of regional economic development in Shandong Province under the impact of the two cultures. Regional economic development is inseparable from driving force of culture. Traditional culture not only needs to be promoted, but moreover, reformed and innovated. Only in this way can we promote the construction of Shangdong as a strong economic and cultural powerhouse. Culture means a tradition. It is under combined action of factors like a region's unique geographical environment, natural conditions, customs, humanities, history, politics that the region's unique culture is formed[1]. Economy is formed on certain cultural basis. The development of regional economy is inseparable from the driving force of regional culture. In turn, the economy acts on the inheritance and development of culture[2]. The integrated development of culture and economy can not only provide a source of power for economic development, but also carry forward the promotion and prosperity of culture.
Qi-Lu culture; regional economy; cultural powerhouse


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This is kind of related to this, Defining a CFT using beta-functions
So what would be the right definition of a CFT even classically?
 - Is it true that classically one will call a theory scale invariant only if the action is invariant under scale transformations? (and not by the Lagrangian density)
For example under the scale transformations $x' = \lambda x$, in $3+1$ the scalar field goes as $\phi'(x') = \lambda \phi(x)$ and in $1+1$ it goes as $\phi'(x') = \phi (x)$. This means that in $3+1$ the action of the massless scalar field is not scale invariant but in $1+1$ it is but the Lagrangian density goes the otherway. But from the point of view of beta-functions isn't it more consistent to call the $1+1$ theory as a CFT but not the one in $3+1$?
Isn't a massless scalar field theory in $3+1$ guaranteed to produce mass by RG flow whereas the $1+1$ theory will not?
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
A classical field theory is said to be conformally invariant iff the action is left invariant under the action of the conformal transformations (as usual when we define a symmetry of a theory). The action for the free massless scalar field is invariant under scale transformations in any dimensions because the (classical) scaling dimension for the scalar field is taken to be $(d-2)/2$. In the interacting case (but still classical), it is enough for the couplings to be dimensionless to ensure scale invariance. So for exemple in four dimensions, you can have only $\phi^4$ interactions. In any cases, a mass term will always break scale invariance.
For the quantum aspects, it is good to keep in mind that generically, a classical interacting conformal theory will not remains conformal after quantization (in particular, this is true also in two dimensions, answering one of your questions). Typically, to define the quantum theory one need to introduce a UV-cutoff, and this will generically trigger some non-trivial RG flow, breaking scale invariance. I think the answer to the previous question Defining a CFT using beta-functions contains good elements on this discussion, so I shall refrain to reproduce it here.
I hope this help!
share|improve this answer
I didn't understand your comment about the action being scale invariant for a massless scalar in any dimension. That was the point of my question - under $x' = \lambda x$, $\phi'(x') = \lambda \phi(x)$, $\int d^4x (\partial _\mu \phi(x))^2$ is not scale invariant. The action in primed variables is $\lambda ^4$ times the unprimed one - it comes from the measure (though the Lagrangian density is covariant) – user6818 Mar 30 '13 at 2:45
The Lagrangian density has mass dimension $4$, that's easy to see: $[\partial_\mu] = [\phi] = 1$ (in 4D). So the action, including the measure, will be invariant. – Vibert Mar 30 '13 at 9:56
Actually there is a mistake in your formula, user6818. In four dimensions, $\phi'(\lambda x)=\lambda^{-1} \phi (x)$. – Bru Mar 30 '13 at 10:05
_USER_ Ah! Here I guess the power of $\lambda$ is being determined by trying to ensure that as a $1-form$, $\phi'(x')dx' = \phi(x)dx$..right? In general for a primary operator of weight $(h,\bar{h})$ one would want $A(z',\bar{z}')(dz')^h (d\bar{z}')^{\bar{h}} = A(z,\bar{z})dz d\bar{z}$ So for every $d$ I guess one will have to first derive the values of $h$ and $\bar{h}$ such that one can satisfy $h + \bar{h} = mass\text{ }dimension$ and $h - \bar{h} = spin$..right? – user6818 Mar 30 '13 at 22:40
_USER_: I think there is some confusion in your messages. A mass term will automatically break conformal invariance, as it introduce a mass scale in the theory. Moreover, the very notion of RG flow is intrinsically quantum-mechanical, and thus it is meaningless to talk about RG flows in a classical theory. Finally, a free quantum theory never runs. These three facts should be usefull to solve some puzzles you raised. – Bru Mar 31 '13 at 11:37
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Mom with a Plate of Oysters on the Half Shell
Mom with a plate of oysters
My Mom's favorite part of a meal is usually the free bread and butter at the beginning.
I have never been able to convince her to eat anything raw of the kingdom Animalia. Artful presentations of hamachi sashimi, lamb tartare, and oysters on the half shell have yet to tempt her into betraying the exclusive relationship she keeps with cooked meat dishes.
Of course we've all met many people like this, and I've recently noticed that most of them have right-wing political leanings*. Can anyone else confirm these findings, and if so, what new insight can this give us into the nature of human beings?
Humans are the only species that cook their food, as far as my research has told me:
Is this unique process of food preparation something to be embraced and championed, or used with modesty and restraint?
Does the cooking of the skin and flesh of fellow animals represent a measure of safety against bacteria, or a comfortable layer of abstraction from the formerly breathing entity we are now dipping in tangy sauce and putting into our mouths?
Is a person who eats raw meat more or less likely to help you out when times are tough? And who's more likely to recycle their glass, papers and plastics?
These are some of the unanswered questions I have.
*However, I would characterize my mother's location on the political compass as Authoritarian Left.


text:
ASHVILLE, Ala. (AP) — Biologists this week waded through creeks in Alabama searching for tiny fish, documenting them as party of a study of aquatic wildlife in the region.
The Anniston Star reports (_URL_ that the scientists were taking part in a "fish blitz" aimed at identifying and documenting fish that live in the headwaters of Terrapin Creek and in Big Canoe Creek near Ashville and Springville.
This week and next, the scientists will visit about three dozen sites along the two creeks to do biological monitoring. Their findings will be part of a report by the Geological Survey of Alabama.
The biologists expect that report to be used for decades to help officials and private landowners make land management decisions.
The findings could also help restore populations of endangered species and improve water quality across Alabama.


text:
Equations are given for the apparent rotation and distortion of wave fronts caused by the limited speed of the light used for the observation (here referred to as a relativistic effect). Methods are discussed and mathematically derived for the compensation and the elimination of these unwanted effects. Equations are given for how these effects can be used to advantage for the manipulation of the tilt angle of the intersecting plane used in contouring. Optimization of the time resolution and the time capacity for a certain length of hologram plate is given in tabular form. A new formula is enunciated for the curvature of the relativistically distorted wave front. Finally, it is demonstrated that the ellipsoids of the holodiagram are the spherical wave fronts from a point of illumination as they are seen in a scattering medium from another point of observation.
© 1984 Optical Society of America
Nils Abramson, "Light-in-flight recording. 2: Compensation for the limited speed of the light used for observation," Appl. Opt. 23, _PHONE_ (1984)


text:
How to Use advanced ACL Concepts
How to Use advanced ACL Concepts¶
The aim of this chapter is to give a more in-depth view of the ACL system, and also explain some of the design decisions behind it.
Symfony's object instance security capabilities are based on the concept of an Access Control List. Every domain object instance has its own ACL. The ACL instance holds a detailed list of Access Control Entries (ACEs) which are used to make access decisions. Symfony's ACL system focuses on two main objectives:
- providing a way to efficiently retrieve a large amount of ACLs/ACEs for your domain objects, and to modify them;
- providing a way to easily make decisions of whether a person is allowed to perform an action on a domain object or not.
As indicated by the first point, one of the main capabilities of Symfony's ACL system is a high-performance way of retrieving ACLs/ACEs. This is extremely important since each ACL might have several ACEs, and inherit from another ACL in a tree-like fashion. Therefore, no ORM is leveraged, instead the default implementation interacts with your connection directly using Doctrine's DBAL.
The ACL system is completely decoupled from your domain objects. They don't even have to be stored in the same database, or on the same server. In order to achieve this decoupling, in the ACL system your objects are represented through object identity objects. Every time you want to retrieve the ACL for a domain object, the ACL system will first create an object identity from your domain object, and then pass this object identity to the ACL provider for further processing.
This is analog to the object identity, but represents a user, or a role in your application. Each role, or user has its own security identity.
2.5For users, the security identity is based on the username. This means that,
if for any reason, a user's username was to change, you must ensure its
security identity is updated too. The
method is there to handle the update, it was introduced in Symfony 2.5.
Database Table Structure¶
The default implementation uses five database tables as listed below. The tables are ordered from least rows to most rows in a typical application:
- acl_security_identities: This table records all security identities (SID)
which hold ACEs. The default implementation ships with two security
- acl_classes: This table maps class names to a unique ID which can be referenced from other tables.
- acl_object_identities: Each row in this table represents a single domain object instance.
- acl_object_identity_ancestors: This table allows all the ancestors of an ACL to be determined in a very efficient way.
- acl_entries: This table contains all ACEs. This is typically the table with the most rows. It can contain tens of millions without significantly impacting performance.
Scope of Access Control Entries¶
Access control entries can have different scopes in which they apply. In Symfony, there are basically two different scopes:
- Class-Scope: These entries apply to all objects with the same class.
- Object-Scope: This was the scope solely used in the previous chapter, and it only applies to one specific object.
Sometimes, you will find the need to apply an ACE only to a specific field of the object. Suppose you want the ID only to be viewable by an administrator, but not by your customer service. To solve this common problem, two more sub-scopes have been added:
- Class-Field-Scope: These entries apply to all objects with the same class, but only to a specific field of the objects.
- Object-Field-Scope: These entries apply to a specific object, and only to a specific field of that object.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License.


text:
Canada and the United States are countries of immigrants. Their electorates are diverse, and include people from different ethnic, cultural, religious, and sexual backgrounds. But the history of each nation includes just one example of the highest office in the land being held by someone other than a white man.
A new, bi-national public opinion poll from the Angus Reid Institute finds Americans and Canadians nearly unanimous in their willingness to vote for a woman for president or prime minister, and similarly enthusiastic about supporting a Jewish or Indigenous candidate.
Fewer than half of all Americans (47 per cent) say they could vote for a Muslim presidential candidate, and respondents in both countries are divided as to whether they could cast a ballot for a candidate who covers his or her head for religious reasons.
There are also significant gaps on both sides of the border, between those who say they could vote for diverse candidates, and those who say the chances of such candidates becoming head of government is probable in the next 25 years.
- Younger respondents on both sides of the border are more open to voting for diverse candidates than older age groups
- American respondents are deeply divided along political lines when it comes to these issues, while Canadians are divided along regional lines
- The vast majority of respondents in both nations say they could vote for a national leader who is a woman, but there are significant differences between countries on atheist and LGBTQ candidates
Link to the poll here: _URL_


Tells the physics engine that this object is a bullet.
Returns: Boolean
This variable defines whether or not the instance is extremely fast moving (for example a bullet). The default value is false but if set to true this tells GameMaker: Studio that the instance will be moving at such high speeds that it will require more expensive collision detection to ensure it doesn't pass through other instances undetected.
with (instance_create(x, y, obj_Shoot))
 phy_bullet = true;
 physics_apply_local_impulse(0, 10, 0, 200);
The above code creates a new instance and then defines it as being a "bullet" in the physics world before giving it a massive impulse along the y axis.
Back: Physics Variables
next: phy_speed
© Copyright YoYo Games Ltd. 2018 All Rights Reserved


Uses for Chamomille hydrosol
What is a hydrosol? Hydrosols or floral water is what is left over after the water or steam distiliation of essential oils. Under heat, the distilled water turns to steam and extracts the essesntial oils of the plant and eventually condenses back into water, but having moved through the plant matter, the water captures other… Continue reading Uses for Chamomille hydrosol


Sunday, April 15, 2007
Automating Excel with Ruby: Defining a Range and Inserting Data
As I previously mentioned, calling the Value method on an Excel Range object returns an array of arrays of values. Here's a quick way to get a 2-dimensional array of all values from a worksheet...
data = worksheet.UsedRange.Value
But, as I failed to mention in that article, you can also insert a 2-dimensional array into a Range of cells:
worksheet.Range("A2:G7").Value = data
If you have a lot of data to insert, this will be much faster than inputting the data cell-by-cell. But it is important that the range of cells be the same size (number of rows, number of columns) as your 2d array.
Your Array: Number of Rows
Assuming you have data, a 2-dimensional array, you can determine the number of rows by calling data.size:
rows = data.size
Your Array: Number of Columns
You can determine the number of columns by calling size on one of the data array's rows:
cols = data[0].size
Defining Your Worksheet Range
But to use the Range method, you need to define the column letters (ie, "A2:G7"). You probably already know that you want your starting point to be cell A1 or A2. But how do you programmatically determine the final column letter for an array that is 104 columns wide?
Each cell (or row, or column) object has an Address method that returns its location in letter-number format, so...
worksheet.Cells(5, 3).Address
...returns "$C$5", and we can use that string in our upcoming Range definition. So if you have a range that is 30 columns wide by 100 rows in length, which we want to insert into a Range, starting at cell A1:
first = worksheet.Cells(1,1).Address # => "$A$1"
last = worksheet.Cells(100,30).Address # => "$AD$100"
worksheet.Range("#{first}:#{last}").Value = data
If your worksheet has a header row and you will be inserting your data after that, bump up the row value by 1:
first = worksheet.Cells(2,1).Address # => "$A$2"
last = worksheet.Cells(101,30).Address # => "$AD$101"
I hope that some of you find this useful. My thanks goes to Charlie for suggesting the topic.
Mikey126 said...
Alternatively, you could use the handy Range.Resize() method, which would give you something like
...which is nice. I suppose one could fold everything into
target.Resize(data.size, data[0].size).Value = data
And thanks for reminding me that I could do more Excel automation with Ruby - I've been working in VBA for so long that I often forget.
dsf said...
how can i insert a row to excel doc?
1 test row
title2 < i want insert a row here
2 test row
i inspect many methods of the range and worksheet,but i can't work out,
please help me
David Mullet said...
In response to your question, I have posted a new article about inserting and deleting rows and columns.
dsf said...
thx a lot
Topher Fangio said...
Hello. You have some great articles here and I really appreciate you taking the time to post the information to help us out.
I have a quick question. I really would like to use this method to extract the data out of my excel files but unfortunately, it appears that it will only let me extract the value rather than the text.
I tried "data = worksheet.UsedRange.Text" but that doesn't seem to work. I also tried a few alternatives. Do you have any idea if this is possible and how so? Right now I am using the.each and it is taking forever (about 5 seconds per file...).
Thanks much and have a great day!
David Mullet said...
Thank you very much, Topher!
Microsoft's docs claim that the Range object has a read-only Text property. And the methos does exist, but always returns nil in my testing.
As you mentioned, iterating over rows and cells to access the Text value can be painfully slow.
I don't have much to offer on this, unfortunately. If the issue is formatting, there are possible methods for determining the format of the data (ie, decimal versus currency, versus percentage). You could, for example, query the NumberFormat property for each column:
for column in worksheet.UsedRange.Columns
formats << column.NumberFormat
Then use worksheet.UsedRange.Value to get your 2-d array quickly, and use the array or hash of column formats to format your data upon output.
Hope that helps!
~viper~ said...
I had a 1-dimensional array with 100 string elements, and attempted at first to copy what you had written
sheet.Range("A2:A101").Value = array
Your example was of a 2-dimensional array, and, for some reason, all those cells were filled with only the first element in the array. If, however, I first do something like
array[0]= [array[0],'test']
then somehow a pseudo-2d array is created, and the above command works. I had attempted it by chance, and I do not understand why this hack works
David Mullet said...
The Range.Value= method expects a 2-dimensional array -- an array of arrays -- even if the Range object spans only a single column. So, as you discovered, you must take your data array into the Second Dimension, so to speak.
Another method for doing that is:
ws.Range("A1:A500").Value = data.collect!{|x| [*x]}
collect! iterates over an array. [*x] converts an object (x) to an array. It's the replacement for the soon-to-be-obsolete to_a method.
WQP said...
How would one go about drawing borders on a range? It's the one thing I haven't quite been able to figure out. So say I want a box around A2:B4 or whatever...the closest I've come is to have the thing draw the complete grid for a given range and I need to be more selective than that!
WQP said...
Well it figures as soon as I ask I figure it out. This code would draw a box around the range F2:H7
sheet.Range("F2:F7").Borders(1).Linestyle=1 sheet.Range("H2:H7").Borders(2).Linestyle=1
sheet.Range("F2:H2").Borders(3).Linestyle=1 sheet.Range("F7:H7").Borders(4).Linestyle=1