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WebMD Medical News
Laura J. Martin, MD
March 24, 2011 -- Itching, like yawning, may be contagious, causing people to feel an urge to scratch after they see another person scratching. That's according to a new study published in the British Journal of Dermatology.
Scientists at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center were researching what they call "contagious itch" that is visually transmitted.
"It is conceivable that the neuronal networks or mechanisms underlying contagious itching may be similar to the ones involved in contagious yawning, a phenomenon that is still intensely studied, but not exactly clear," one of the study researchers, dermatologist Gil Yosipovitch, MD, of Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, says in a news release.
The research team enlisted 14 healthy people, and 11 others who had atopic dermatitis, an inflammatory skin disorder that typically causes skin rashes and itching.
The study participants received either histamine, a substance that can cause itching, or saline, a substance that does not cause itching, applied to their forearms. Histamine, when applied to a study participant with atopic dermatitis, was put on an area of skin that did not have a rash. All participants were monitored while they watched short video clips of people either scratching, or in a relaxed state, so that their behavior could be analyzed.
Those with atopic dermatitis had a higher itch intensity and scratched more often while watching the videos of other people scratching.
People with the skin condition "reported the intensity of itch sensation significantly increasing" as they watched the videos of people scratching, the researchers write. This was true for nine of the people with the skin disorder, but the other two apparently weren't as bothered.
"The analysis of scratching behavior of [atopic dermatitis] patients and healthy subjects revealed that atopics watching the itch video doubled the overall duration of scratching episodes," the researchers write. These people also scratched in more places and for a longer duration than healthy participants watching the itch videos.
The results of the experiments show "that the power of the brain is pretty extreme," Alexandru Papoiu, MD, PhD, also of Wake Forest Baptist, says in the news release. "This speaks to a core of our being, to being particularly vulnerable to suggestions of itch, which can easily trigger a response from our central nervous system."
By understanding what's going on in the brain, "we may be able to develop future therapies that can target these areas and relieve the itch impulse," Yosipovitch says.
The scientists stress that the study is early and observational in nature, and plan next to conduct magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans to study brain mechanisms while inducing itching.
The goal, they say, is to develop techniques such as relaxation and meditation, in addition to medications that could target specific brain regions to reduce the severity of urges to itch.
SOURCES:News release, Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center.Papoiu, A. The British Journal of Dermatology, March 2011.
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The Health News section does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional information.


Picking First Bots in War Robots: Theorycrafting
A quick review…
War Robots is a control-based mech game that focuses on getting certain strategic points and holding them in order to grab a win.
In other words, positioning, gaining early advantages and taking advantages of enemy mistakes as well as utilizing opportunities are just as important as mechanical skill and strategic acumen.
The team who gets the early advantage is generally more favored to win the entire matchup than a team who has to catch up since the very beginning of the map.
Why is it important?
One of the most important parts of playing War Robots is realizing that you have a limited amount of resources (namely, your robots and their weapons) and that you need to utilize them carefully in order to get the maximum efficiency out of them and hopefully, be able to use it to significantly contribute towards a possible win for a team.
So obviously, with this concept of play in mind, getting with your best foot forward seems to be the key towards winning most games; after all, many of the strategies used by top players and clans in War Robots include one form or another of the "hard push" at the beginning of the match, which requires the use of the best robots and firepower that is already available to the player in question!
This is where "take care of your pick" comes into play, as many of the good players will go for picks that can do multiple tasks: For instance, people will pick robots like the Strider and Pursuer in order to take good positions and possibly capture places on the map while still being a threat by the merit of the weapons that they carry.
The theory
The Art of War, as well as other strategic books, put importance on the need for having the initiative in battle.
Getting a good (possibly multi-purpose) robot at the beginning allows the player to have confidence in facing the enemy as well as gain certain concrete advantages, which will allow the player to have an easier time throughout the rest of the game (or if the team's cognitive abilities allow for it, win the game immediately.)
How does it work in practice?
Generally, players pick one out the following types, depending on the map or situation:
 - Their strongest bot (think of a Spectre with Shocktrains, probably Haechi or Bulgasari if the player feels confident to run it)
 - Fast beacon capper (Kumiho, Stalker, Gareth, Pursuer, Strider, Hellburner; possibly the Haechi and Galahad if one extends the definition liberally)
 - A long-range robot (Butch, Fury, Natasha and their respective loads come to mind – but then the Bulgasari and Spectre can carry Scourges…)
 - Anything with Hydras – especially with MK2 – and if you are having a ton of Spectres on the enemy side
If you actually think about it, you'll be mostly ahead if you pick robots with energy weapons (i.e. Magnum, Taran, Shocktrain, etc.) for the reason that only the Bulgasari, Gareth, Lancelot and Galahad (we definitely don't count Bulwark and the rest of the house in this category…) have physical shields that can block the damage dished out by plasma or energy weapons.
The rule of thumb is that people will pick mostly any one of the types above unless it's Team Deathmatch, where they will go out the gates with their best robots possible (which are mostly Spectre/Bulgasari/Pursuers.)
For instance, when faced with Death Button Griffins (back in the days when these setups were still a thing), one can always go to the strengths of the Plasma Griffin or any robot that has a plasma or energy-weapon based variant, for the woefully low engagement range of the setup makes it extremely susceptible to kiting tactics.
As for robots with physical shields, one couldn't go wrong with the RDB Griffin (or the RDB Spectre). Better yet, having a long-ranged Fury (read: Dragoons, Tridents, Zeus, Tempest, Trebuchet) would be a deadly sight for those robots who hide behind their steel scales or otherwise! Even the Noricums and Zenits are already annoying…especially if you have "soft" robots like the Spectre…
And when facing the ubiquitous Shocktrain on robots such as the Spectre, Haechi and Bulgasari, never forget that there are many choices for destroying the menace of these robots. A Bulgasari is best countered by rockets, while a Haechi would not survive an engagement with energy weapons such as the Scourge, Zeus, and the rest of the energy-firing pack.
What are the effects of this?
Getting a very good first pick that completely counters the enemy would allow players to do one or more of the following:
 - Trade efficiently (i.e. take down two to three bots before you are killed)
 - Get good positions and force the enemy to play out of their comfort zone
 - Spread the momentum through getting multiple early kills (while your friends are busy racking up the damage, snipe those crippled bots out of the game)
 - If the robot is fast enough (i.e. Dash family/Pursuer/Strider/Hellburner), then one can end the game right there and then by getting four to five beacons, potentially sealing the deal in 3-4 minutes)
The first-pick principle only works effectively in a battlefield with diverse hangars and weapon styles; this will almost never work in a battlefield that already has 12 maxed-out robots armed with the Shocktrain or the version of the most overpowered weapon that the game can equip for the robot in question.
The exception is that if the clan knows how to counter the Shocktrain carriers effectively, which, in this case, a well-placed Pursuer (or any other fast robot in particular) could tip the balance massively in one's favour.
In addition, some players may have a capper as their first bot and four powerhouses as their – just as first picking is a strong hand to play, counter-picking is another way to approach War Robots, especially when the enemy (i.e. the first-picker) actually has a one-dimensional hangar (full midrange, full brawler or 4 robots of one setup).
Personal Experience
The author is currently a Master 2 player at the time of writing and through the usage of robots such as the Kumiho, the player is able to capture at least two beacons, destroy light robots outright and pressure enemy players to commit resources to kill the "space creator."
If the team is smart enough, they would usually go push from all other sides, ensuring a quick victory.
Most of the time, proper knowledge of War Robots weaponry has allowed the writer to overcome obstacles that are otherwise unfair on paper.
The obvious exceptions are the times when the author faces clans like KOR (the full stack and one of the game's superteams, no joking here), which in this case…blame the matchmaker for placing me into a very unfair match.
Choosing a proper first pick in War Robots goes a long way. It allows the player to provide multiple tactical options on the field, as well as create space for the team to have early advantages and create an opening for the team to win outright.
1 thought on "Picking First Bots in War Robots: Theorycrafting"
 1. Artillery – Natasha zenit noricum, Sniper – Griffin molot arbelest, Close Quarters Battle CQB/brawler Leo zeus punisher pin, Shield breaker – Leo tempest gecko spark, etc. In progress of 30 days or so, fury dragoon avenger. got the avenger but the dragoon will take a long long time in workshop.
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Marsden Square translator service
The Marsden Square translator service provides the means to calculate the geographical coordinates of the rectangular bounding box enclosing the squares represented by an input list of Marsden Square references. The output is provided as an ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 19115 compliant XML fragment. To find out more, follow these links:
- Introduction — a brief introduction to Marsden Squares
- Method — currently deployed Web Service method with links to implementation instructions and the Web Services Description Language (WSDL) schema
- Technical specification — additional information for the Web Service specialist
Marsden Squares provide a mechanism for expressing spatial coordinates based on dividing the Earth's surface into indexed squares. They are mainly used for identifying the geographic position of meteorological and oceanographic data. For example, at BODC we use Marsden Squares in our cruise inventory.
The world is subdivided into 936 Marsden Squares. Each square represents ten degrees of latitude by ten degrees of longitude. These ten degree squares may be further divided into five or one degree squares.
- msqinput — The input is a string containing a list of Marsden Square numbers separated by one or more white space characters.
Full details for implementing this method can be viewed on the Marsden Square translator service method page. General information on how to set up Web Services is available from the BODC Web Services home page.
For generating client software to implement these methods, scripts can be automatically generated using the WSDL.
Style — Document/Literal Wrapped
Service name — MSQTranslator
Implementation — Axis
Related BODC pages
|BODC Web Services||Marsden Square method details|
Related external links
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Category: Science
Episode 397 - Ignobel Prize '20 - Physics
September 21, 2020
We celebrate the Ignobel Prizes once again, and this year we take a deep dive into the Physics prize for 2020. Faraday waves (standing waves in liquids or liquid filled objects) look pretty, but can anything filled with like have one? What about a worm? Can you make Faraday waves and resonant frequencies in Worms? What happens when a laser, a worm, and a speaker go into a lab? The result is an Ignobel Prize.
 1. Maksymov, I.S., Pototsky, A. Excitation of Faraday-like body waves in vibrated living earthworms. Sci Rep 10, 8564 (2020). _URL_
 2. 2020 Ceremony. (2020, September 18). Retrieved September 18, 2020, from _URL_


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Shichao Ou, Rod Grupen
This paper presents a learning framework that enables a robot to learn comprehensive policies autonomously from a series of incrementally more challenging tasks designed by a human teacher. Psychologists have shown that human infants rapidly acquire general strategies and then extend that behavior with contingencies for new situations. This strategy allows an infant to quickly acquire new behavior and then to refine it over time. The psychology literature calls such compensatory action prospective behavior and it has been identified as an important problem in robotics as well. In this paper, we provide an algorithm for learning prospective behavior to accommodate special-purpose situations that can occur when a general-purpose schema is applied to challenging new cases. The algorithm permits a robot to address complex tasks incrementally while reusing existing behavior as much as possible. First, we motivate prospective behavior in human infants and in common robotic tasks. We introduce an algorithm that searches for places in a schema where compensatory actions can effectively avoid predictable future errors. The algorithm is evaluated on a simple grid-world navigation problem. Results show that learning performance improves significantly over an equivalent flat learning formulation by re-using knowledge as appropriate and extending behavior only when necessary. We conclude with a discussion of where prospective repair of general-purpose behavior can play important roles in the development of behavior for effective human-robot interaction.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


31 Bird Jokes That Are A Hoot
Laughing at bird jokes
Did you know there are approximately 18,000 species of birds in the world?!
Birds are truly fascinating creatures and there's no wonder kids are enamoured by them! They've also inspired some pretty hilarious jokes!
Whether your kids are budding twitchers or they just love a good giggle, we've got 31 brilliant bird jokes that will have them tweeting for more!
1) What do you give a sick bird? Tweetment!
2) Why does a flamingo lift up one leg? Because if it lifted both legs it would fall over!
3) What do you call a funny chicken? A comedi-hen!
4) When should you buy a bird? When it goes cheep!
5) Did you hear the one about the crow and the telephone pole? He wanted to make a long-distance caw!
6) Why did the little bird get in trouble at school? Because he was caught tweeting on a test!
7) Why did the chicken cross the playground? Because it wanted to get to the other slide!
8) How did the bubblegum cross the road? On the bottom of the chicken's foot!
9) Why do hummingbirds hum? Because they don't know the words!
10) How to chickens get strong? They do eggs -ercise!
Keep scrolling for more EGG-cellent bird puns!
11) What did one egg say to another? Let's get cracking!
12) What robs you while you're in the bathtub? A robber ducky!
13) How did the egg cross the road? It scrambled across!
14) What did the duck say when he dropped the dishes? "I hope I didn't quack any!"
15) What birds spend all of their time on their knees? Birds of prey!
16) What do you call a very rude bird? A mockingbird bird!
17) Why do birds fly south in the winter? Because it's too far to walk!
18) How did the bird break into the house? With a crow bar!
19) What did the maple tree say to the woodpecker? Leaf me alone!
20) What do you get if you kiss a bird? A peck on the cheek!
21) What is a bird's favourite game? Beakaboo!
22) What do you call a sick eagle? ill eagle!
23) What kind of bird doesn't need a comb? A bald eagle!
24) Why do ducks fly south for winter? Because it's too far to waddle!
25) What do owls sing when it's raining? Too wet to woo!
Knock Knock Jokes
Let's finish off with some knock knock jokes that will have the kids laughing out loud!
26) Knock, knock
Who's there?
Who who?
Oh, I didn't know there was an owl in there!
27) Knock, knock
Who's there?
Toucan who?
Toucan play that game!
28) Knock, knock
Who's there?
Baby owl
Baby owl who?
Baby owl see you later, maybe i wont!
29) Knock, knock
Who's there?
Earl who?
Early bird catches the worm!
30) Knock, knock
Who's there?
Kook who?
Don't call me cuckoo!
31) Knock, knock
Who's there?
Owl who?
Owl always love you!
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text:
Saving Lives – Transforming Care
The discovery and development of new medicines and vaccines in Canada makes our communities and our country stronger. It creates jobs and contributes to the sustainability of our healthcare system. But most importantly, new medicines represent some of the most scientifically advanced, safest and most effective treatments available to help Canadians live longer, better and more productive lives.
Saving Lives - Transforming Care
Summary of Pharmaceutical Survey Findings on R&D Spending and Investments by Association Members
The Potential Impact of Pharmaceutical Interventions
Improving the Health of Canadians


Hate Speech
University of Missouri Cops Tell Students to Report 'Hurtful Speech' to the Police
Mizzou admins, cops shouldn't censors hate speech.
Given the current situation, is anyone under the illusion that race relations at the University of Missouri would be improved by a more robust police presence in campus affairs? In any event, the Mizzou police department sent an email to students on Tuesday morning instructing them to call the cops if they witness "hateful and/or hurtful speech."
Here is the text of the email:
While the message concedes that uttering hurtful words is not a crime, it clearly establishes that students who exercise their free speech rights could face any number of other, dire consequences—suspension and expulsion, presumably. This flies in the face of the First Amendment; students at a public university cannot be sanctioned for engaging in hurtful speech, though university administrators routinely forget this rule and flagrantly violate it.
Mizzou, however, is apparently taking the college war on free expression a step further, unwisely involving the police in clearly non-criminal matters.
I called the department for clarification on the policy; a spokesperson assured me that students who were reported to the authorities for hurtful speech could not be arrested, but an officer would nevertheless be dispatched to take stock of the situation.
"We are also university officials," said the spokesperson. "So we also take reports for violations of rules and regulations. There's no arrest."
The police department framed the policy as a way for students to report speech code violations. Indeed, many universities have "bias incident" reporting protocols, although these typically involve witnesses bringing allegations directly to administrators via an online system, and do not involve cops.
I gather Mizzou's police department wanted to assure students at this time of crisis that racist incidents are being taken seriously. But let's keep in mind that there is no modern American public institution with a worse record of treating black people humanely than police departments. If the black activists who forced MU President Tim Wolfe to resign actually want the police to monitor campus for possible speech infractions, they are remarkably short-sighted.
NEXT: Trump vs. the Constitution
 1. At what point can we go ahead and decide that calling 911 on someone is dangerously close to attempted manslaughter?
 1. Uh…what is swatting but exactly what you just described?
 1. Swatting is attempted murder, this falls a bit short of it.
 1. The basic fact is that bringing in the police will finally be a step in the right direction, exactly as I've been urging. Indeed, academic policy-makers in Missouri and elsewhere throughout the nation should study the competent actions of NYU officials, who have set the precedent for vigorous action when anyone engages in trigger-speech in an institution of higher learning. New York prosecutors, in their turn, are to be thanked for their firm and capable handling of the inappropriately deadpan Gmail "parodies" that offensively and hurtfully mocked a well-connected NYU department chairman. See the documentation of America's leading criminal satire case at:
 2. Swatting is calling 911 + telling them there's a very dangerous situation.
 Of course, every situation is dangerous (WAR ON COPZ), so all 911 calls eventually come to resemble swatting.
 1. Come on, we all know that speech is violence now. So hearing something you don't like is basically the same thing as being raped or shot at.
 It's only logical that the police be called in to respond in full force. Otherwise someone might die of hurt feelings.
 2. I've been calling it that for a while now.
 1. That was how the 6-year-old in Louisiana got killed. Someone called the police because his parents were arguing. Not fighting. Not him beating on her. Raised voices. Hope they like have that kid's blood on their hands.
 1. Ha. As if they think they do.
 3. Perhaps "Assault with a Deadly Cop" as the minimum.
 4. I should enroll in school down there and set them up for a massive lawsuit. I could use a seven figure payout.
 2. I'm kind of fascinated at how insane this is going to get. I feel sorry for the non-retarded people on that campus, but this is just nuts. Report "hurtful speech"…to the police?!? Where do they think this is going to go?
 1. If I were a freshman there, I'd frantically be trying to transfer anywhere else.
 1. Yeah, but who would take you? Like…Brown? Isn't anything better than that?
 1. I bet ITT Tech would take Tarran. If he's got a Science and Math ACT higher than…12.
 1. tarran got kicked out of ITT Tech for partying too much. He was like Jeremy Piven in PCU except way, way less funny. Which is pretty bad because PCU isn't that funny.
 1. PCU isn't that funny
 2. Yeah, but….YES IT WAS FUNNY!
 Plus – George Clinton
 1. "Blow me where the pampers is…"
 3. tarran got kicked out of ITT Tech for partying too much.
 A vile lie! We had a mutual parting of the ways that was totally mutual!
 4. It may not have been all that funny, but in retrospect, it sure was prophetic.
 2. _URL_
 2. My son visited. He will not be going there on my dime.
 2. They think its going to wind up with their enemies tased, beaten, and bloody on the ground.
 1. I'm pretty sure it's going to end up that way for a bunch of people.
 1. I'm pretty sure that's the plan.
 2. And most of those beaten and tased (and arrested for disorderly conduct) will be black – cuz cops.
 3. I feel sorry for the non-retarded people on that campus
 There are no non-retarded people there – it's Mizzou.
 /Kansas grad
 1. I wonder what their alumni giving rate is? I wonder what it will be after this?
 1. I know my giving rate to my Alma Mater become $0 once the President signed on to support some "Gungrabbing College Presidents Against Teh Evul Gunz" type deal.
 May Mizzou be headed for less-stupid times. I won't hold my breath.
 2. What scares me is a HS friend and Mizzou alum who is *praising* this whole debacle on FaceBook.
 2. Rock Chalk
 1. Dittoed on the retardation of Mizzou.
 – Another Kansas grad
 2. Although I have to admit that I'm somewhat torn on this story. The libertarian in me is horrified at just how ridiculously out of control schools are. The Kansan in me finds it hilarious that MU is imploding because it's a horrible school filled with horrible people.
 1. Yeah, I agree with this.
 2. The libertarian in me
 Warty's visiting you?
 3. I'm a TCU grad, but I heartily agree with the derpitude of Mizzou. I grew up in NW Arkansas, so I saw it from a safe distance.
 3. Precisely what I've been thinking this whole time.
 Kansas '01
 4. I've rooted against Missou since they screwed up the big 12. I hope this kills their funding and team for a century.
 1. If their president wasn't such a little pussy beta male, he would have shit canned the coach and gotten rid of the whole team. They are losers anyway, so recruiting scrubs on short notice wouldn't make much of a difference.
 4. And the insanely subjective nature of "hurtful" speech. Any number of innocuous things are found to be hurtful my somebody. You're sending out a squad of armed goons to do violence based on nothing but hurt feelings.
 1. Your use of the word 'goon' is offensive to those of us who are law-enforcement-americans. I'm reporting you for that!
 1. The police call themselves to deal with the hurt feelings I caused them.
 1. Any chance they'll beat the shit out of themselves?
 1. You two arguing has hurt me. Badly.
 *dials 911*
 2. The really fantasy scenario is that they get a call for hurtful speech, employ their usual hurtful speech ("On the ground motherfucker! I will gun fuck you!"), someone calls for being triggered by that hurtful speech and a fresh set of cursing pigholes show up to arrest him, also screaming epithets and then someone calls, etc, etc, etc…
 A recursive cursing riot where everyone is offending and attempting arrest for that offense… and then Taylor activates the doomsday bomb with his dying act and wipes us all out.
 1. Wait, does Mizzou even have a cobalt bomb?
 1. Don't all schools have a nuclear self-destruct?
 1. If Mizzou is any indication, apparently so. It's called the students.


text:
In October 1963, the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) held a centennial celebration to observe its 1863 founding. Four days of scientific sessions and events were highlighted by the October 22 Centennial Convocation at Washington's Constitution Hall. President John F. Kennedy's Centennial Address was preceded by a colorful academic procession of NAS members and delegates from U.S. and international academic and scientific institutions. NAS President Frederick Seitz introduced the president by linking his attendance and support to the role of Abraham Lincoln in the Academy's founding. President Kennedy's talk on "A Century of Scientific Conquest" was one of his last formal speeches.
(Left to right: Presidential Science Advisor Jerome B. Wiesner, President Kennedy, Centennial Committee Chairman Detlev W. Bronk, Frederick Seitz.)


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(2007). The prophet and the sceptic: George Eliot and Ford Madox Ford.
In: Skinner, Paul ed.
Ford Madox Ford's Literary Contacts.
International Ford Madox Ford Studies, 6.
Amsterdam and New York: Rodopi, pp. 49–62.
Ford did not write very often, or very much, about George Eliot. His critical reflections on her writing occur on four occasions, in 1911, 1919, 1929 and 1931. This essay contends that, despite the lack of frequency in his critical comment, Eliot had a significant influence on the way in which he thought about, and practised, writing. Discussing each of his treaments of Eliot in detail, and also placing these reactions in context, this chapter concludes with an assessment of perhaps the most significant figure determinng Ford's responses to Eliot: Henry James.
||Ford Madox Ford, George Eliot, criticism, literature, writing, review, Henry James, gender politics, the Novel, critical reception
||Arts > English
||01 Oct 2007
||02 Dec 2010 20:03
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text:
random.sample() samples without replacement. I find this piece of code by Sean Ross which samples with replacement.
# credit author(s) of random.py
def sample_wr(population, k):
"Chooses k random elements (with replacement) from a population"
n = len(population)
_random, _int = random.random, int # speed hack
return [population[_int(_random() * n)] for i in itertools.repeat(None, k)]
from matplotlib.ticker import LogLocator
This is for a loglog plot. There is another function for regular plot called MaxNLocator.
Why not using set_ticks? The situation is that I do not know where the ticks are and python does a good job in determining the location of ticks.
for i in range(10):
The trick is to use pylab.pause() instead of time.sleep. So the figure will update in each iteration instead of showing all plots when the loop finishes. This works for me, but no everyone, as far as I can tell from googling.
Suppose I have a big for loop to run (big in the sense of many iterations):
for i in range(10000)
for j in range(10000)
After hours of search I arrived at the solution using "multiprocessing" module, as the following:
x=pool.imap(f,((i,j) for i in xrange(10000) for j in xrange(10000)]))
Remark: pool.map would generate a list of arguments first and then feed the list to the function. Hence if I have a big for loop, it spends a lot of time generating the list of arguments using only 1 cpu. In contrast, imap would generate the arguments on the fly, therefore parallelizing the for loop as I wish.
by Mark Lutz
by Alex Martelli, Anna Ravenscroft, David Ascher
Python Essential Reference
by David M. Beazley
Convert a numeric vector (must be a column vector) to a cell array of strings


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I have an array of objects, some of which respond to :description, and I want to get the description from the first one with a truthy description. I could do this:
objects.detect{|o| o.try(:description)}.description
or this:
objects.map{|o| o.try(:description)}.detect{|o| o}
but the first isn't DRY (description is in there twice) and the second iterates through the whole array before finding the value. Is there anything in the ruby standard library, or in Rails' extensions to it, which would let me do something like this:
objects.detect_and_return{|o| o.try(:description)}
I know I could write it easily enough, but the standard libraries are big enough that I might not need to. Is there a function which works like my detect_and_return?
share|improve this question
Is there a functional programming term for this (apart from lazy evaluation)? – Andrew Grimm Aug 14 '11 at 23:29
add comment
1 Answer
up vote 6 down vote accepted
I haven't seen such a method, and the closest I found was a method capture_first which I found in the gem merb-cache. Seems they stumbled on the same problem and implemented this:
module Enumerable
 def capture_first
 each do |o|
 return yield(o) || next
You could also take a look at the Array and Enumerable methods in the Ruby facets library and see if you find something similar. Facets contains quite a lot of goodies, so you might get lucky.
share|improve this answer
Indeed - Enumerable#find_yield, aka Enumerable#map_detect. Thanks - I'd not heard about facets before. – Simon Aug 3 '11 at 13:45
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text:
CAN YOUR PUPILS HELP US ILLUSTRATE OUR NEXT DISASTER BOOK?
and children's author and illustrator Michael Foreman
are once again challenging UK primary school pupils to bring a unique disaster story to life with their pictures.
The Day the Bombs Fell
is a story we have written to encourage reflection and understanding. All it needs now is illustrations! We want children across the nation to explore this global theme and through their artwork help others think about it too.
will select the winning pictures to be published in our 4th disaster book. The winners will be invited to an exciting London book launch, where they will take part in a special illustration workshop with Michael!
"An experience in developing skills right across the curriculum - activities like these enable our children to grow in their status as global citizens."
Sarah Bannister, Monteney Primary School, Sheffield
One day the bombs fell.
Boom and bang went the guns.
Whizz and whoosh went the missiles.
Stamp and stomp went the soldiers boots on the dusty road.
At first, the sounds were quiet and the war was far away…
…for the full story and competition pack, email us
... for more info 'Download PDF' on the right of this page
OUR LAST ILLUSTRATION COMPETITION
In 2012 primary school pupils were challenged to illustrate a special tale about a community experiencing a tsunami, it was called THE DAY THE SEA CHANGED.
MICHAEL FOREMAN and the authors of the story picked the winners who's work is now published in our latest disaster book, The Day the Sea Changed. See pictures of the 20 winners and those awarded highly commended here.
Books are a valuable addition to the classroom and available to buy in our ShelterBox on-line Shop
along with the first two titles The Day the Rain Came & The Day the Ground Shook - £4 each.
Our SHELTERBOX CHALLENGES FOR SCHOOLS have been designed to share what we've learnt about the world. Each exicting challenge features activities and a range of resources including film footage, original stories, fantastic pictures and much more. They're super easy to use and deliver national curriculum learning objectives through a cross-curricular approach. They're also great for ideas around Community Cohesion and Global Citizenship. Access each Key Stage above.


+ Start a Discussion
vijay kumar kvijay kumar k
Display information of record using lightning component
Let's take example: Lightning component page have one picklist with values of all account names.I want information about that selected value like Name,age,phone,email and address etc. in below of picklist.
How could i write code for this. Please post your code for future reference
Team Codekiat.comTeam Codekiat.com
Hi Vijay,
Find the design to implement the mentioned functionality.
1. write init method in the component to bring all the account details and store it in the map[local cache]
2. In the same init method create a picklist with all the account names and associate account record id for that account name as an aura:id for every picklist value
3. Write an on select/on change aura handler for the picklist
4. whenever the user changes the value, make a call to controller js method, get the id of that particular picklist value and get the record details from the map stored in the browser level at step 1 and display it on the ui as a form.
Team codengine.in
vijay kumar kvijay kumar k
Thankyou for replay codengine team.
U know lightning components examples are less in all doc's,so can u please post any similarity of this


text:
Bus Accident Reporting System (BARS)
The Texas Education Agency's Bus Accident Reporting System (BARS) uses an annual survey to collect information on accidents involving school buses operated or contracted for use by school districts and charter schools, as required by statute and rule.
In responding to the survey, local education agencies are required to provide the following information for each accident:
- Type of bus involved
- Number of students/adults involved in the accident
- Number and types of injuries that were sustained by bus passengers
- Whether injured passengers were wearing seat belts at the time of the accident and, if so, the type
Law and Rules
For additional information, contact:
Office of School Finance
Page last modified on 11/12/2012.


text:
By default, TCP/IP forwarding is turned off (disabled) in Windows Server 2003. This article describes how to enable TCP/IP forwarding on a Windows Server 2003-based computer.
Enabling TCP/IP ForwardingImportant This section, method, or task contains steps that tell you how to modify the registry. However, serious problems might occur if you modify the registry incorrectly. Therefore, make sure that you follow these steps carefully. For added protection, back up the registry before you modify it. Then, you can restore the registry if a problem occurs. For more information about how to back up and restore the registry, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
How to back up and restore the registry in Windows
- Start Registry Editor (Regedit.exe).
- Locate and click the following key in the registry:
- Set the following registry values:
Value Name: IPEnableRouter
Value type: REG_DWORD
Value Data: 1
NOTE: A value of 1 turns on (enables) TCP/IP forwarding for all network connections installed and used by this computer.
- Quit Registry Editor.


text:
Most golfers know that their shots will go further on a warmer day, but why does this happen?
Coefficient of Restitution (COR)
Firstly, the ball's initial speed off the club face will increase.
At impact, the golf ball will compress against the club face and then regain its shape as it "springs" off the club face.
Some energy will always be lost during this compression and expansion, in the form of heat and sound.
The impact between the club face and the ball will become more "elastic" at as temperature increases, leading to a more efficient transfer of energy to the golf ball and thus a higher ball speed.
The coefficient of restitution (COR) is the ratio of the relative speeds of the club head and the golf ball before and after after impact. COR will increase with a rise in ball temperature.
In cold weather, keep your golf ball in your trouser pocket from green to tee in order to warm it up, it will then fly further on your tee shot.
The USGA and The R&A have limited golf clubs and balls to a maximum COR of 0.83.
Note that if you are hitting the common high durability range balls, the effective COR can easily be as low as 0.73, which will reduce the maximum ball speeds that you can produce by about 6%.
Secondly, as air temperature increases the molecules in the air will have more kinetic energy, this will cause the air to expand, resulting in lower air density because there are fewer molecules in a given volume (lower mass per unit volume).
Where ρ is the density of the air, P is the air pressure, R is the gas constant for dry air, and T is the absolute temperature. So if temperature (T) increases while pressure (P) stays constant, then air density (ρ) will decrease.
Lower air density results in less drag force on the golf ball as it flies through the air.
This reduced drag is partially offset, however, by reduced lift. Lower air density will reduce the lifting force on the ball, and thus reduce the carry distance of the shot.
The result is that higher temperatures will increase shot distance, but the precise effect will be dependent on club head speed, launch angle and spin rate.
As a rough guide, golf shots will fly approximately 5-6% further at 100°F (37.8°C) than at freezing point.
If the temperature where you play varies significantly during the day, then you will need to factor this into your club selection – each 12°F (6.7°C) drop in temperature will result in a 1% reduction in carry distance.
If you have any questions or comments about this or other articles on Golf Loopy, please send us an email.


.
This is because the grease tends to create holds in the welds themselves that can penetrate the metal.
The same is true of zinc, so neither substance is recommended to cover an area that has been welded.
In addition, while traditional paint now has a rougher surface to stick, it is usually too deep to be any good.
This is because moisture can now form underneath the paint which causes it to slide off and creates areas for the rusting process to begin.
There are two methods that can keep welded metal from rusting.
The first is dipping the welded area into a bath consisting of molten zinc.
While this can create a rust-proof coating for the metal, it often does not fill in all the rough areas.
This means that there will be some spots where rust can form even if the metal itself has been fully coated.
Another way to protect the welded railings from rust and corrosion is by applying powder coating.
Powder coating as the name implies is a powdery substance that can coat metal effectively without the downsides of grease or pre-galvanization.
It sticks to the surface thanks to an electrical charge which causes the powder to bond effectively.
Plus, it can be applied in an even coat and when baked into the metal it will become smooth and resilient to the weathering process.
Overall, there are several advantages that powder coating has over traditional paints thanks to its flexibility which resists cracking.
While it is difficult to touch up if imperfections appear, that does not happen with the high-quality applications of powder coating.
The Bottom Line
Choosing the right paint is a key to success when you want to paint your outdoor wrought iron fence, handrailings, palisade, or paling.
No matter you are painting them in your backyard garden or near your driveway, you should also know how to start the painting, what other products to use and what are the exact steps you will need to follow.
The above guide will hopefully help you out – the next time you want to refinish them to make them look new.
How to Clean and Repaint Your Old Rusty Chain-Link Fence?
paint chain link fence
Chain link fences offer advantages over wood fences thanks to their longevity, flexibility, and durability. However, painting a chain link Read more
How to Protect Wood Fence from Termites – 7 Different Ways
Painting fence
Worried termites will lay waste to your new fence? Worry not, you are not alone! Research done on termites reveals Read more
What is Electrostatic Painting – What Are Its Benefits?
The hassle of the painting process is a struggle that is well known to homeowners, landlords, and their friends and Read more
How to Tint Paint at Home?
The amount of tint present in a paint determines its color. The more colorant you add, the more likely the Read more
error: Content is protected!!


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World's first colour moving pictures discovered
The world's first colour moving pictures dating from 1902 have been found by the National Media Museum in Bradford after lying forgotten in an old tin for 110 years.
The discovery is a breakthrough in cinema history.
Michael Harvey, from the National Media Museum, and Bryony Dixon, from the British Film Institute, talk about the importance of the discovery.
The previous earliest colour film, using the Kinemacolour process, was thought to date from 1909 and was actually an inferior method.
The newly-discovered films were made by pioneer Edward Raymond Turner from London who patented his colour process on 22 March 1899.
The story of Edwardian colour cinema then moved to Brighton. Turner shot the test films in 1902 but his pioneering work ended abruptly when he died suddenly of a heart attack.
Now the film has been restored by the National Media Museum and is being shown to audiences for the first time.
The Race for Colour is broadcast on Monday, 17 September 2012 on BBC One South East and Yorkshire, at 19:30 BST and nationwide for seven days thereafter on the iPlayer.
Note: Film archive is courtesy of the Bradford National Media Museum and The Science Museum.


myotome and dermatome
Category: Education
Presentation Description
muscles and nerve distribution
Presentation Transcript
Myotomes & Dermatomes :
Myotomes & Dermatomes DR. Mina Nasser Wagih Under gradated 3 rd.year Faculty of physical therapy Cairo uni.
The definition of each term :
2 The definition of each term Myotomes : Relationship between the spinal nerve & muscleDermatomes : Relationship between the spinal nerve & skin
Myotomes :
3 Myotomes Each muscle in the body is supplied by a particular level or segment of the spinal cord and by its corresponding spinal nerve. The muscle, and its nerve make up a myotome. This is approximately the same for every person and are as follows: C3,4 and 5 supply the diaphragm (the large muscle between the chest and the belly that we use to breath). C5 also supplies the shoulder muscles and the muscle that we use to bend our elbow. C6 is for bending the wrist back. C7 is for straightening the elbow. C8 bends the fingers. T1 spreads the fingers. T1 –T12 supplies the chest wall & abdominal muscles. L2 bends the hip. L3 straightens the knee. L4 pulls the foot up. L5 wiggles the toes. S1 pulls the foot down. S3,4 and 5 supply the bladder. bowel and sex organs and the anal and other pelvic muscles
Dermatomes :
4 Dermatomes Dermatome is a Greek word which literally means "skin cutting". A dermatome is an area of the skin supplied by nerve fibers originating from a single dorsal nerve root. The dermatomes are named according to the spinal nerve which supplies them. The dermatomes form into bands around the trunk but in the limbs their organisation is more complex as a result of the dermatomes being "pulled out" as the limb buds form and develop into the limbs during embryological development. In diagrams or maps, the boundaries of dermatomes are usually sharply defined. However, in life there is considerable overlap of innervation between adjacent dermatomes. Thus, if there is a loss of afferent nerve function by one spinal nerve sensation from the region of skin which it supplies is not usually completely lost as overlap from adjacent spinal nerves occurs: however, there will be a reduction in sensitivity.
Levels of principal dermatomes :
5 Levels of principal dermatomes C5 Clavicles C5, 6, 7 Lateral parts of upper limbs C8, T1 Medial sides of upper limbs C6 Thumb C6, 7, 8 Hand C8 Ring and little fingers T4 Level of nipples T10 Level of umbilicus T12 Inguinal or groin regions L1, 2, 3, 4 Anterior and inner surfaces of lower limbs L4, 5, S1 Foot L4 Medial side of great toe S1, 2, L5 Posterior and outer surfaces of lower limbs S1 Lateral margin of foot and little toe S2, 3, 4 Perineum
The Spinal cord :
6 The Spinal cord
Dermatome map :
7 Dermatome map
Dermatome map :
8 Dermatome map
Spinal cord injury :
9 Spinal cord injury
Key muscle :
10 Key muscle
11 THANK YOU with my best wishes,, Dr. Mina nasser
authorStream Live Help


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Congratulations to our parent organization, the Roanoke Valley Alleghany Regional Commission!
WASHINGTON – The U.S. Department of Transportation's Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and Federal Transit Administration (FTA) today jointly announced the Roanoke Valley-Alleghany Regional Commission (RVARC) as one of this year's eight Transportation Planning Excellence Award (TPEA) recipients.
"Building a world-class transportation system doesn't happen overnight, and never by accident," said U.S. Transportation Secretary Anthony Foxx. "These important awards recognize the critical role planning plays in meeting America's future transportation challenges."
The RVARC's "Bus Stop Accessibility Study" was recognized as a national example of addressing the link between pedestrian and transit, and developing new ways to determine, evaluate and compare bus stop activity. It used survey data to identify the most active bus stops and those with the greatest number of mobility impaired riders. The study's results led to more accessible bus stops with better overall system efficiency.
"Given the limited funds available for infrastructure improvements, data-driven tools like this one help to prioritize local transportation investments," said Acting Federal Highway Administrator Gregory Nadeau. "Thanks to pioneering work like theirs, the transportation community is now able to specifically pinpoint the areas needing improvements, and why they are needed."
Selected by an independent panel, the awards are a biennial recognition by the FHWA and FTA of outstanding transportation planning practices performed by planners and decision makers in communities across the country.
This year, eight winners were selected of 35 TPEA submissions from around the nation. Criteria for selection included: community, public involvement and partnerships; context sensitive solutions; innovation and effectiveness; equity; implementation and strategy; multi-modalism; and potential for long-term benefits.
"It's important to recognize the creative efforts of the nation's transportation planners," said Acting Federal Transit Administrator Therese W. McMillan. "The future of our infrastructure system begins with their vision."
"It's important to recognize the creative efforts of the nation's transportation planners," said Acting Federal Transit Administrator Therese W. McMillan. "RVARC's innovative evaluation process led to a major bus route adjustment and pedestrian enhancements to bus stops along a high-activity, low-income corridor."


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Toothpaste Bits : by Bite
Made with clean, vegan-friendly ingredients, Bite's toothpaste bits will keep your teeth healthy and our oceans clean.
About the Brand
Introducing the first ever toothpaste tablet made with nHAp. Nano-Hydroxyapatite (aka nHAp) is a non-toxic fluoride alternative which has been proven to remineralize enamel and kick sensitivity to the curb.
Important: Since Bite's Bits are small chewable tablets, they can be a choking hazard to little ones under 3.
- Bite down on your Bit
- Brush with a wet toothbrush
- Smile and watch it foam up like magic
- Repeat twice a day, every day


Centroacinar cell
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Centroacinar cell
Centroacinar cells.jpg
Latin cellula centroacinosa
Gray's subject _TAG_
Code TH H3.
Centroacinar cells are spindle-shaped cells in the exocrine pancreas. Centroacinar cells are an extension of the intercalated duct cells into each pancreatic acinus.[1] The intercalated ducts take the bicarbonate to intralobular ducts which become lobular ducts. These lobular ducts finally converge to form the main pancreatic duct.[1]
These cells are commonly known as duct cells, and secrete an aqueous bicarbonate solution under stimulation by the hormone secretin. They also secrete mucin.
 1. ^ a b Wendy Lackey M.A. (February 2011). Oral Cavity and Upper GI tract (coursepack from Michigan State University College of Human Medicine). p. 327. Unknown parameter |Lecture session= ignored (help)
External links[edit]


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Our eyes are spherical, our retina is circular, but still our eyes can see more in the horizontal direction than in vertical direction. Why is it so, why is the preferred aspect ratio not square?
share|improve this question
This is just a hypothesis: but there is probably not one "preferred" aspect ratio, even for one individual. It probably has to do with the following points: 1. the eyes are positioned on a horizontal line; 2. the width between the irises; 3. how far you are looking. And let's not call it a "preferred" aspect ratio. It's more like an "effective" aspect ratio. My hypothesis is that the closer you look, the wider the effective aspect ratio is, and the further you look, the more circular it is. And if you cover one of your eyes, you'll probably get a circular FoV regardless of distance. – Kal Nov 5 '12 at 9:28
I have to agree with Kal, but mainly about #1. Essentially, the eyes are next to each other, and this allows for stereoscopic vision. If you cover one eye, your field of view is more or less circular (due to the retina and macula), but you'll lose depth perception. Plus, your eyelids slightly limit the amount you can see in the up-down directions. – jello Nov 5 '12 at 11:19
_USER_ Surely the eyelids can't be having an effect as you describe because they don't normally cover any part of the pupils. – Alan Boyd Nov 5 '12 at 19:08
_USER_ I think you're right. For some reason, I was probably thinking about ptosis, when a drooping eyelid does limit your visual field. – jello Nov 7 '12 at 8:35
I will add that in other animals, having a wide horizontal angle helps in hunting and also in defending against hunters. The vertical angle is also important, for example for hunting birds, but not so much for terrestrial animals. – 149781-32509185 Nov 9 '12 at 13:45
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2 Answers
up vote 7 down vote accepted
I found the explanation given below here (my emphasis). It may not be authoritative, but it makes sense to me.
You can determine the approximate shape of your visual field by looking straight ahead, and holding a hand out to each side and noticing where you can no longer see them. Do the same for above and below, and you'll see that your peripheral vision probably extends to about 180 degrees (or a little less) left and right, and about 100 degrees up and down. Your brow, nose, and cheeks narrow the vertical angle.
So your visual field has a ratio of about 1 to 1.8.
Interestingly, and not entirely coincidentally, ordinary films and wide-screen TVs have a ratio of 1.78 (16:9).
Another way to see this effect is to look at someone's head in profile and from directly above. In the former case you have a clear view of their eyes, in the latter you don't. (Tested on a small sample - one 3 year old male, playing with an iPad).
share|improve this answer
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The reasons your field of view is not circular are:
 - Even when looking directly forward your nose, brows, and cheeks obstruct your view.
 - You have two eyes which are aligned horizontally.
The field of view is measured by a method called perimetry, and looks approximately as depicted in this graphic. The guide here provides further comments on the graphic.
As you can see in the image I linked to, the field of view (were it to be approximated with a rectangle) spans 180° horizontally and 130° vertically. Yielding a width-to-height ratio of 0.72. Which is better approximated by the traditional 4:3 screen size and NOT by modern 16:9 displays. Having said that, 16:9 may not necessarily be a worse format, as researchers found that horizontal saccades are faster than vertical ones.
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Varroa mite lifespan
What is the average lifespan of the varroa mite (Varroa destructor). It's a simple question that I don't have a answer to yet. I know they have a 12 day reproductive cycle, but not how long they can live. What got me thinking about this is; how long a break in brood rearing is necessary before all the adult mites die off?
For example, if the mite only lives for a couple months, how can there be any mites left to reproduce after an extended break in brood rearing like we have in the cold northern states. My bees have all shut down brood rearing and won't start back up until late December or early January. This gives me a 2 month window in which there is no mite reproduction.
If you know how long they can live for, let me know.
Honey Luv Farm
98 hives and growing
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I can get the title of the active menu using
$menu = &Jsite::getMenu();
$menuname = $menu->getActive()->title;
But how can I access it's parent title?
Try this code:
$menu = JFactory::getApplication()->getMenu();
$parent = $menu->getItem( $menu->getActive()->parent_id );
$parentname = $parent->title
If you need the link
$parentlink = JRoute::_( $parent->link. '&Itemid='. $parent->id );
 - While this answer is correct, you should check the return value of getActive() because there maybe is no active menu and you get a non-object back (I think null) – Harald Leithner Apr 22 '14 at 18:24
The method getActive return a object with the active menu properties including the parent_id. The JMenu class has a method getItem($id), where $id is a menu id. This method return the same type of object that getActive. So, you can do something like this:
$parent_id = $menu->getActive()->parent_id;
$parent_title = $menu->getItem($parent_id)->title;
Since you can get the active menu, you can get the rest by getting the tree. This is usefull to traverse the item list, not just the parent!
So that you understand better, I'm spliting the answer in parts:
1. Create a variable for the active menu (for simplicity and portability):
$menu = &JSite::getMenu();
$active = $menu->getActive();
2. Pick the previous/parent menu by getting the previous item in the tree:
$parent_item_id = $active->tree[count($active->tree) - 2];
NOTE: the tree is an array, and starts with zero, that's why I am subtracting by 2.
3. Finally get the menu title:
Mind you that you also need to add some checks to see if there is an active menu, and/or other error checks.
 - You shouldn't use $menu = &JSite::getMenu();, because it is not a static function. The correct way is to use the code as specified by _USER_. – Don Gilbert Apr 22 '14 at 19:13
Your Answer


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National Institute of Standards and Technology - Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology
The NIST Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology (CNST) was established in May of 2007 to accelerate innovation in nanotechnology-based commerce. Located in NIST's Advanced Measurement Laboratory Complex on the Gaithersburg, MD campus, the CNST is the only national nanocenter with a focus on commerce. It supports the development of nanotechnology through research on measurement and fabrication methods and technology. The CNST has a unique design which supports the U.S. nanotechnology enterprise through the readily available, shared use NanoFab, as well as providing opportunities for collaboration in multidisciplinary research on new nanoscale measurement instruments and methods. The NanoFab is accessible to industry, academia, NIST, and other government agencies on a cost-reimbursable basis. With a simple application process, the NanoFab provides rapid access to a comprehensive suite of tools and processes for nanofabrication and measurement. While the NanoFab provides a comprehensive suite of commercial tools, the CNST research program is creating the next generation of nanoscale measurement instruments and fabrication methods, which are made available through collaboration with CNST scientists.


7 questions on spring and summer traditions
Midweek quiz
If it's a bank holiday in late May, that means it's time for the annual race in which people tumble down a hillside in pursuit of a cheese. How much do you know about eccentric British summer traditions such as this?
Cheese-rollers tumbling
1.) Multiple Choice Question
The annual cheese-rolling competition this year opted for a foam cheese for safety reasons. What was it before?
winner with cheese
 1. Red Leicester
 2. Double Gloucester
 3. Little Wallop
 4. Stinking Bishop
2.) Multiple Choice Question
A championship in the Cheshire village of Willaston demands that competitors charm which creature?
 1. Earthworms
 2. Caterpillars
 3. Snails
3.) Multiple Choice Question
The Cotswold Olimpick Games take place at the end of May. What unusual contest do they include?
 1. Toe wrestling
 A big toe with painted nail
 2. Ear pulling
 An ear
 3. Shin kicking
 A shin
 4. Elbow tapping
 An elbow
4.) Multiple Choice Question
The World Pea Shooting Championship takes place in Cambridgeshire during July. Which one of these is NOT in the rules?
 1. Pea-shooters not to be shared
 2. Pea-shooter cannot exceed 12in
 3. Laser sights are banned for children
 4. You must bring your own peas
5.) Multiple Choice Question
A 22-mile race began in Wales in 1980. Who competes each June?
runner, horse and sheep
 1. Human v sheep
 2. Human v horse
 3. Horse v sheep
 4. All of the above
6.) Multiple Choice Question
The 12th Century tradition of swan upping is celebrated in the Thames each July. Participants do what?
 1. Race boats resembling swans
 2. Swim among the swans
 3. Count swans for the Queen
 4. Bless swans as they pass
7.) Multiple Choice Question
A Dorset pub holds a nettle contest in July. It involves doing what with the stinging plants?
 1. Wearing nettles
 2. Running through nettles
 3. Eating nettles
 4. Stinging rivals
 1. Double Gloucester. Gloucestershire Police warned cheesemaker Diane Smart she could be liable if someone was injured chasing her cheese, so organisers used a foam substitute. The men's race was won by an American, the women's by a local teenager.
 2. It's worms. Competitors may not dig worms from the ground but must use vibrations to call forth the mini-beasts.
 3. It's shin kicking. Competitors used to suffer broken legs but today wear soft shoes and stuff straw down their trousers. A toe wrestling contest takes place in Derbyshire during July.
 4. It's bring your own peas. Competitors must use the peas provided. Laser sights are permitted for adults but not children. Pea-shooters are limited to 12in and must not be shared.
 5. It's human v horse. Riders on horseback compete against runners in the race, which began after a pub discussion over who would win a marathon between man and horse. Most of the winners have been horses, but humans have narrowed the gap.
 6. They count them - it's a census of the Queen's swans. Cygnets are weighed and measured. Participants use traditional rowing skiffs in a five-day journey upriver.
 7. It's a nettle-eating contest. Contestants strip the stalks and eat the leaves non-stop for an hour. The person who has cleared the leaves from the longest length of stalks wins.
Your Score
0 - 3 : Ouch
4 - 6 : Numb
7 - 7 : Fearless
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POE 3.4 Delve: How to Easily Find Hidden Paths
GM2V Date: Oct/07/18 16:26:41 Views: 5663
Within the Delve, the label of the room will appear around the map, but there is no direct passage to go. This demands the use of torches and explosives to explore. But we've got a technique to rule out which roads are likely to result in hidden rooms. This guide will show you tips on how to swiftly obtain the ideal path in restricted possibilities.
POE 3.4 Delve: How to Easily Find Hidden Paths
Start Seeking
We are able to see some hidden nodes when we explore the map, and you will find no apparent paths leading to these nodes.
Some are much more worthwhile, special nodes, like talisman or abyss.
The node asks you to blow up fractured walls to seek out a path to this encounter
It is an encounter just like each other node so far.
This implies that you will be at some point going to escort the crawler to it so as to claim your prize.
Thus, there might be a clear path among some other node and this hidden 1, where the crawler will travel.
So that you can determine where this hidden path is, we need to 1st consider how paths connect to each other. Listed here are some guidelines you'll be able to figure out based on the delve map:
The delve map is a grid
four paths max to a node, 1 each direction, no diagonals.
1 path per non-node square, no overlapping paths
Nodes have either 1, three or four connections, but not two.
2-path nodes have a hidden, third path.
Dead ends never have hidden paths.
The way to uncover the true path
Probable paths
Because the rule: Nodes have either 1, three or four connections, but not 2.
So we are able to rule out the following possibilities
Obtaining the point in the map
Keep in mind that this node will at some point possess a crawler operating to it. This means the cart will lead out of your center checkpoint and towards the side with the map that goes within the proper direction.
The wall will probably be discovered someplace along the predicted path from the crawler.
If you are exploring, most of the time you could just rush into the darkness together with your quicksilver flask or movement ability, fill out the mini-map, then get back into the light and critique the mini-map. You aren't wanting to visually search the region. That little level of exploring might be adequate to find out if it really is there or not.
Do not neglect to upgrade your darkness resistance when you do this, although.
Now let's examine the remaining attainable paths one by one particular.
Path 1
No luck. There does not appear like there's a path within the appropriate path, towards the best proper. Of course, this element is often a straight mineshaft, but for those who don't find anything within around one particular screen of your candle checkpoint, then it is not there. Go to another attainable path.
Path 3
Very same issue. There is certainly no path inside the expected path, within the bottom suitable.
Go to a different achievable path.
Path 2
We discover a path in the major correct? Let's throw down some flares and appear a bit additional!
Good results! Notice the rocky searching mini-map icon. It'll show up when you get close sufficient to it.
Test your findings
Now you might have discovered the wall, you will need to bring flares to survive and a few dynamite to bring it down. Dynamite now one-shots walls every single time. That implies that the number of dynamite is almost certainly one of the most valuable upgrades, although they could apparently be employed to deal tons of harm to mobs/bosses.
Now you might have found the wall, you will need to bring flares to survive and a few dynamite to bring it down. Dynamite now one-shots walls each time. That implies that the amount of dynamite is likely one of the most valuable upgrades, even though they could apparently be made use of to deal tons of damage to mobs/bosses.


The Nernst Equation
 >> >>
The use of standard reduction potentials to predict the course of a reaction is somewhat limited, in that they are only valid under standard conditions. However, they can be used to predict the course of redox reactions under nonstandard conditions.
This process of extrapolation of the properties of a reaction under one set of conditions to those under another set of conditions uses the Nernst equation.
The Nernst Equation
If we know the Gibbs free energy of reaction at under one set of conditions, it can be used to predict the Gibbs free energy of reaction, and from that the reduction potential, under a new set of conditions.
Derivation of the Nernst equation
Consider the reaction:
The Gibbs free reaction energy can be related to the standard Gibbs free reaction energy:
Q is the reaction quotient:
The reduction potentials may be related to the free energies of reaction:
Therefore, the Nernst equation is the result:
The Nernst equation relates the non-equilibrium properties of a reaction to those at equilibrium. At equilibrium, the reaction free energy, and hence the potential for the reaction, is zero, and the reaction quotient, Q, is the equilibrium constant, K. We can therefore calculate the equilibrium constant from the standard reduction potential.
The exponential dependence of the equilibrium constant on the reaction potential means that a change in reaction potential of one volt results in a change in the equilibrium constant of seventeen orders of magnitude: hence, E* = +2 V means K = 1034, E* = 0 V means K = 1, and E* = -2 V means K = 10-34.
When we introduced half-reactions, we saw that we could split up the overall potential for a cell into contributions from the oxidant and the reductant. We can also do this for the Nernst equation, and therefore write a similar expression for each of the reduction couples.
pH dependence of reduction potentials
The Nernst equation can be used to determine the pH dependence of the potential for a given reaction.
Consider the reaction:
The Nernst equation gives the potential:
But, E* is the reduction potential for the Ox/Red couple, E*(Ox/Red), as the standard reduction potential for the H+/H2 couple is zero, and [H2] is given by the partial pressure of H2, which is 1 under standard conditions, and the number of electrons transferred is 2.
The Nernst equation becomes:
The definition of pH: pH = -log10[H+]
So the reduction potential is related to the pH:
In general this equation should be adapted for the number of electrons transferred.
Stability Fields: Water
The values of the reduction potentials for the H+/H2 and O2,H+/H2O redox couples, and their pH dependences, can be used to predict where a given species may be stable in aqueous solution. This stability can be expressed in terms of the stability field (aka Pourbaix diagram).
The Stability Field of Water
When a reducing agent that can reduce water to H2, or an oxidizing agent which can oxidize water to O2, is placed in water, the reduction or oxidation reaction will take place, and the species will decompose, and hence it is unstable. A species is therefore stable if its reduction potential lies in the range 0 < E < +1.23 V, 0 V being E*(H+/H2) and +1.23 V being E*(O2,H+/O2). However, the reduction potentials change with pH, and so the range of stable reduction potentials also changes.
The variation of stable reduction potentials with pH is shown in the stability field plot, and in water, the stable species are those which have reduction potentials lying between the solid black lines.
If the effects of kinetic control are taken into account, the need for the presence of the overpotential predicts stability for those species with reduction potentials in the range between the dashed black lines.
The vertical lines on the diagram have been added to show the range of pH values commonly found in lakes and streams, pH values between 4 and 9. Hence the area in the middle of the diagram represents the area of stability in natural waters.
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wikiHow to Overtake in Karting
Four Parts:Being as smooth as possibleOut-braking your opponentMastering a set of cornersStaying focusedCommunity Q&A
Overtaking in karting is as essential as having the best lap times. Karting is a form of motorsport that can mold you into a better driver and an even better racer.
Part 1
Being as smooth as possible
 1. 1
 Focus on being smooth. This is one point that a lot of racers neglect. Being an aggressive driver may help you gain a few places but will eventually force you to make a mistake and you may lose all the places you took.
 2. 2
 Make your overtake as clean as possible. If you feel that you are overtaking your opponent before entering the corner but are unable to carry out the overtaking move through the exit of the corner then you are probably doing it wrong.
 - This could be because you are either unable to manage a faster exit speed through the corner or you are too aggressive on the steering and the brakes which in turn make you slower through the corner, which helps your opponent to keep pace with you.
 3. 3
 Don't always go for a gap. There could be a possibility that you may have the inside line for a corner but the very next corner could be in the opposite direction and may give your opponent the inside line making your overtaking move useless!
Part 2
Out-braking your opponent
 1. 1
 Be prepared to put in plenty of practice. This method of overtaking does not come easily. It takes practice and a lot of patience.
 2. 2
 Identify a part on the track that helps you find your usual braking point. This is the point that you always brake at before turning into a corner.
 3. 3
 Try braking a little later than your braking point to see how it affects your exit speed. If you exit too slowly because your kart loses a lot of traction, you might want to experiment more with your braking points.
 4. 4
 Observe whether the driver ahead of you brakes at the same time that you do. Note whether that driver brakes a lot earlier than you. You can use this knowledge to your advantage and try to steer away from the racing line brake later than the other driver. This allows you to not only overtake the driver but also to make a comfortable exit through the corner, as you are now able to out brake your opponents.
Part 3
Mastering a set of corners
 1. 1
 Use corners you're familiar with. This is the time you start finding a particular corner or a set of corners that you can take flat-out or in which you save a lot of time while doing timed heats.
 2. 2
 While you have these turns figured out, think about whether the ideal way of overtaking on this corner would be to go on the inside of the opponent or go on the outside of the opponent.
 3. 3
 Think about a few corners in advance. For example: If you are approaching a hard braking corner after a long straight and you believe that you can overtake the driver then think about the next set of corners. This would help you to analyse how you would have to tackle the next set of corners in order to maintain your position.
 4. 4
 Note the opponent's moves. You have to be very attentive about how the opponent takes these corners. Notice whether the driver is struggling or is fairly good through these set of corners. Use the opponent's line through the corner and quickly work out your ideal line to overtake the opponent.
 5. 5
 Don't panic if you are not able to overtake your opponent the first time. You know your strong corners and your opponent will now try to be defensive of his or her space, trying not leave any for you to overtake. Use this behavior to your advantage and push the opponent to make a mistake through a corner; that will be your key to overtaking him or her.
Part 4
Staying focused
 1. 1
 Practice frequently. Karting is an expensive sport, so use your time on the track wisely. When karting, think and experiment with your line, so as to be well prepared when you actually have to use all of your practice to overtake your opponents.
 2. 2
 Stay confident and reduce your fear. In a high paced sport like karting, never let fear get the best of you. If you do, the other driver behind you will not hesitate to drive you off the track!
 3. 3
 Look where you want your kart to go. If you have a gap that you can fit through and overtake, stare into the gap because that's where you want to go.
 - If you stare at the kart in front if you and keep thinking that you will crash, you are bound to crash then!
Community Q&A
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 - Do not be scared.
 - Think quickly and execute it safely.
 - Be smooth, being too aggressive will only slow you down.
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We can obtain pure random (NOT pseudo-random) bytes from /dev/random. Linux kernel harnesses a good source of randomness from you. The random bytes in /dev/random is measuring based on the time delay between your input actions.
so seems /dev/random provided random bytes, we need to turn the bytes into an integer so that we could read. The simplest way is uses
od is a kind of object dump tools, we can specified how many btye to extract from a file, what is the type of output ( decimal, floating points, hexadecimal etc).
The example bellow shows the simple way of extract a 2 byte decimal integer using
od from /dev/random.
od -An -N2 -i /dev/random
-An is to turn off the address from displaying, -N specified number of bytes to extract, -i indicate display format is an integer.
Okay now what? Let say we want to create a file with random number as a file name with ".tmp" as the extension. I simply uses
touch to create a empty file.
touch 'od -An -N2 -i /dev/random'.tmp
Let say I want to have a random number within a range. Let say from 100 to 1000.
echo $(( 100+('od -An -N2 -i /dev/random' )%(1000-100+1) ))
It looks complicated, but actually it is not. To do a simple calculation at bash shell, you can put your equation in
The the formula for getting a random number in range is
min+( seed%(max - min + 1) ).
/dev/random provide quite number of bytes of random value, if you need even larger, you can obtain at /dev/urandom.


text:
Why does a whip make a cracking sound when someone whips it? --- Thomas, Englishtown, N.J.
Marshall Brain Answers:
That cracking sound you are hearing is a sonic boom. The tip of a long whip goes supersonic and makes the sound. The following video demonstrates how to make a whip and crack it:
Here is the tip in slow motion:
This article puts a finer point on it:
"A whip is specially crafted to accelerate a loop in its body to high speeds. The tapering of a whip makes a loop traveling along it speed up by a factor of ten. The lightweight free end allows an extra factor of two to three in speed. For realistic whips, the tip can reach speeds more than 30 times the initial speed," he said.
See also: Time Warp: Whip Through Soda Can


text:
Sea Garden Motel Pismo
This blog post about Sea Garden Motel Pismo was posted at March 22, 2017 at 7:24 am. It is posted on the Garden category. Sea Garden Motel Pismo is tagged with Sea Garden Motel Pismo, Sea, Garden, Motel, Pismo..
Seasea (sē),USA pronunciation n.
- the salt waters that cover the greater part of the earth's surface.
- a division of these waters, of considerable extent, more or less definitely marked off by land boundaries: the North Sea.
- one of the seven seas;
- a large lake or landlocked body of water.
- the degree or amount of turbulence of the ocean or other body of water, as caused by the wind.
- the waves.
- a large wave: The heavy seas almost drowned us.
- a widely extended, copious, or overwhelming quantity: a sea of faces; a sea of troubles.
- the work, travel, and shipboard life of a sailor: The sea is a hard life but a rewarding one.
- at sea:
- on the ocean.
uncertain: completely at sea as to how to answer the question.Also, asea.
- follow the sea, to pursue a nautical career: Many boys then dreamed of following the sea.
- go to sea:
- to set out on a voyage.
- to embark on a nautical career.
- half seas over, [Slang.]partly or completely drunk: They came home at dawn, looking half seas over.Also, half-seas over.
- put to sea, to embark on a sea voyage: The expedition is nearly ready to put to sea.Also, put out to sea.
- of, pertaining to, or adapted for use at sea.
Gardengar•den (gär′dn),USA pronunciation n.
- a plot of ground, usually near a house, where flowers, shrubs, vegetables, fruits, or herbs are cultivated.
- a piece of ground or other space, commonly with ornamental plants, trees, etc., used as a park or other public recreation area: a public garden.
- a fertile and delightful spot or region.
- [Brit.]yard2 (def. 1).
- pertaining to, produced in, or suitable for cultivation or use in a garden: fresh garden vegetables; garden furniture.
- lead up or down the garden path, to deceive or mislead in an enticing way;
delude: The voters had been led up the garden path too often to take a candidate's promises seriously.
- to lay out, cultivate, or tend a garden.
- to cultivate as a garden.
Motelmo•tel (mō tel′),USA pronunciation n.
- a hotel providing travelers with lodging and free parking facilities, typically a roadside hotel having rooms adjacent to an outside parking area or an urban hotel offering parking within the building.
Sea Garden Motel Pismo have 7 images, they are Sea Garden Motel - Pismo Beach - United States Of America, Sea Garden Motel, Pismo Beach, Booking.com, Booking.com, Sea Garden Motel, Pismo Beach, Photo Of Sea Garden Motel - Pismo Beach, CA, United States, Booking.com. Following are the attachments:
But grey is just a simple color that seems nevertheless simple to fit with additional colors more distinction. So that the shade Sea Garden Motel Pismo that is chosen works for those who desire to employ neutral colors like less, although white. To have the mixture right colour coloring, you must consider these methods and criteria in choosing color combinations. Select a colour to paint the surfaces a vivid color combinations of dull.
The vibrant colors are designed here is not dazzling brilliant colour, because the impression will be truly created by the color mixture of Sea Garden Motel Pismo with dazzling colors sweaty. Choose shades which can be soft or soft although shiny. Like, light turf green, blue, pink, yet others. Even though the combination with different hues that are better nor forbidden, but you should pick the correct combination.


100mm Dia Driven Cased Piles 50 – 60KN
100mm diameter driven cased piles are the smallest piles that we install. There load capability is 60KN. We use this size of pile for conservatories, garage bases and other lightly loaded structures where access is restricted. The pile casings range from 1.0m to 2.0m sections. This enables the casings to be manually handled through doorways and into even into cellars.
The piles are driven internally with a grundomat (shown below). The grundomat is powered by compressed air. Our compressors can be located outside and air line run inside thus preventing any build up of fumes and minimising distruption.
The following is how each steel cased concrete filled pile is driven:
 1. 100mm nominal diameter "starter" casing is placed at pile the position complete with 500mm concrete / stone bung in toe.
 2. The grundomat 95 piling hammer, air driven is placed inside the starter.
 3. The grundomat and tube is raised into position of the pile and held virtically.
 4. the compressor is started up and the air tap gradually opened allowing hammer action of the grundomat to drive the casing.
 5. Once the casing if firm and aligned, open tap for maximum drive, and drive the starter to approx 300mm from ground level.
 6. The next length of casing "follower" is fillet welded to the starter via a spigot and socket joint.
 7. Driving contiues addeing more "followers" if required until the required resistance is reached.


text:
London's Natural History Museum on Tuesday unveiled an eight-storey extension in the shape of a cocoon to house the collections of Charles Darwin.
The new ultra-modern white addition to the imposing Victorian museum includes the Darwin Centre, a state-of-the-art research and exhibition facility named after the father of the theory of evolution.
The 78 million pound (89 million euro, 129 million dollar) building houses 17 million insect specimens and three million plant specimens as well as a Climate Change Wall of screens showing the impact of global warming.
Sharon Ament, director of public engagement at the museum, said the Darwin Centre "will really show our visitors why and how our scientists tackle some of the most pressing issues we face today -- from the spread of disease to the impact of climate change on the planet's wildlife."
The museum's director, Michael Dixon, said he hoped the extension would boost the 3.8 million visitors it already attracts every year, when it opens to the public on September 15.
"There seems to be a public appetite for being more involved and knowing more about the big environmental issues of the day," he said.
Darwin's seminal 1859 work "On the Origin of Species" set out his theory of evolution, by which species develop from generation to generation by a process of natural selection.
(c) 2009 AFP
Explore further: Yield trends insufficient to double global crop production by 2050


text:
well as to a] general audience.
[So] no, [there are] not really [others like it] because most [databases] have information about sequences. Some have [information] about the tree of life, but none of the databases are actually programmed in a way that can be accessed for a specific purpose.
In a knowledgebase like TimeTree, the focus is on allowing people to identify a pair of species and bring [together] all the results people can [gather. The] options are very straightforward and specific, and the idea is to give information to a general audience. … Researchers also will have access to data in a more complex [manner].
The primary interface is for general users, undergrads, molecular biologists, kids. Think about Google. You have a single line where you can enter your query and get a bunch of results. We will keep it as simple as possible.
So how many hits a day are you getting on the site right now, before the enhancement is through?
At present, we are getting 150 hits per day.
What else can you tell me about the technology involved on this? Any particulars about the database? Its size, capacity, et cetera.
The database currently contains results from 70 studies, with an additional 100 studies to be added. There are more than 1,000 divergence times in the database today, which will expand to 3,000 with the next edition.
How else are you funded besides by the Science Foundation? Is this the only grant supporting TimeTree?
At present, Science Foundation of Arizona is our primary sponsor. However, the development of the initial TimeTree website was sponsored by the National Science Foundation.


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Here is the problem:
Let $S$ $\subset$ $\mathbb{R^{3}}$ be a regular surface with the property that all normal lines meet the z-axis. Prove that S is contained in a revolution surface around z.
I first tried to prove that every curve contained in this surface with a fixed z-coordinate is a circle (by showing that all normal lines to this curve meet at a point, it's a previous exercise), but the normal vector to the surface and to the curve are not the same, and I didn't go further... can you help me?
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Sounds like you have a good strategy. You are looking at the cross section in some plane $z=z_0$, and you want to prove that the cross section here is a circle.
You are given that any normal line will intersect the $z$ axis. Let's write this line as $\vec{p}+\vec{n}t$ where $\vec{n}$ is the normal vector at the point $\vec{p}$ we are discussing. You can then show that a new line $\vec{p} + (\vec{n}-\hbox{proj}_{\hat{z}}\vec{n})t$ will also intersect the $z$ axis (taking away the z component doesn't change the fact that the line is in a radial direction).
Moreover, this new line will be normal to the cross section at $\vec{p}$: the tangent plane projects to a tangent line of the cross section, so must a normal vector of the surface project to a normal vector of the cross section.
This gives you the criteria you wanted -- all horizontal lines orthogonal to cross sections will intersect at the origin. This tells you roughly that the cross sections are circular, and that the overall shape will be a surface of revolution.
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Describe the roles of women in the past and the present.
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Describe the roles of women in the past and the present.
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The role of women is something that varies significantly across the world today. However, we can generally say that women's roles have been expanded from what they traditionally were in the past. This is especially true in more developed countries.
In more developed countries in particular, more jobs require little physical strength. This means that there are many fewer jobs that women are less able to do. As a result, women's roles have expanded to the point where a majority of women tend to participate in the labor market. Along with this has come a great increase in the status of women. The idea that women and men are equal is much more (though not universally) accepted than it ever has been in the past.
Of course, this is not true for all women in the developed world and is even less true in many parts of the developing world.
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Obviously, you are asking a broad question that can be answered with broad generalizations that are relatively meaningless in specific situations, or you can give detailed responses that vary greatly from place to place and at different times in history.
In the far distant past, women's role was to bear young and care for them. As part of that caring, women have traditionally been very involved in food preparation, which in many cultures expanded to include agricultural efforts to raise food as well as collecting water, gathering fuel for cooking, and making of objects needed by the family such as pottery and clothing.
As tools and technology has evolved, the assumed role of the woman as the caregiver has ceased to be the only acceptable role in some parts of the world and in some cultures, although it persists in other areas. The generalizations have many more exceptions in today's world.
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I would throw out the thought that in the U.S., at least, the only real sexism comes from people with no sense of reality. Any woman in the U.S. is free to do anything she wants, any time she wants. There are abusive relationships, of course, and there are sexist bosses and so forth, but I've never encountered a woman in my life who couldn't work, or drive, or go out in public without a man and with her legs showing. Really, we can see the progression of woman's rights just by comparing certain third-world countries with the U.S. and making a timeline. Some people are just stuck in the past, and abuse of women and their rights is a part of that past.
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Where to start? For thousands of years, women (in cultures dominated by by men) were subservieant to men. There are a few exceptions were the lineage of a family was traced on the mother's side, surnames came from the mother, etc. However, the lineage in most cultures generally follows the male line of the family.
In some cultures, women work/worked side-by-side men. In the Anglo-Saxon period, women often fought alongside the men. In many very old and traditional cultures (both in terms of and religious) women are seen as second-class citizens. The old addage of women "barefoot and pregnant" still exists today in some areas of the world. Women are not allowed to make major decisions in the family and are expected to submit in all things to the husband; they cannot own anything, and they are not permitted to go to school. This is certainly the way things were in England hundreds of years ago, where women could not (historically) inherit money or property, or if they did, it was forfeited to the husband when the woman married. Widows might not marry again for just this reason.
Today, at least in America, women are on a more equal footing with men in most cases: often by necessity, where women can now compete in the workplace for jobs that were once traditionally held by men (as a doctor for example), and also in light of two-parent working households. In other countries, still women are treated without value. I recently men a man of a particular faith who would not shake my hand because I was a woman.
However, more than ever, opportunities in becoming educated, serving in medicine, politics, news reporting—in fact, most career opportunities—are open to women in this country. Things have changed a great deal over the last three hundred years in America—even since women won the right to vote near the beginning of the twentieth century, and equal opportunity legislation was passed just past the middle of the twentieth century.
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Women's roles vary by society and time period, but there has been a gradual increase in gender equality, especially in the last hundred years. Women do not have equal rights in some countries, especially in the Middle East. American women may be able to do the same jobs as men, but they still are ofen paid less and promoted less often.
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In response to post #4
Even though women legally have the same rights as men, there is still a lot of sexism and double standards in this country. Women are still oversexualized and objectified. Older women in Hollywood are not as successful as the men. The list goes on and on about the disrepancies between the genders, and it is not certainly just a thing of the past.
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There is so much that can be said in relation to this post. To pick up on some of what the other editors have commented upon, let us be aware that many people claim that, although the conditions for women have become far more equitable, at the same time there is still what is called a "glass ceiling" that prevents women from achieving the same levels of responsibility and salaries as men, and it is all the more pernicious because it is "glass" and therefore invisible.
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The role of Western women through history is ofttimes oversimplified and misinterpreted through the lens of recent history for which there are far more records. Focusing on the 1950s, women came to be idealized as a result of the affects of two World Wars, with houses in isolated, idealized suburbs and Christian Dior styles that glorified form and restricted movement, etc. Focusing on the 19th century, women in Western societies hit their lowest point with patriarchal pomposity and grandiosity significantly heightened. These two eras form much of what today is inadequately called the "traditional" roles of women.
As antiquities archaeologist Robin Lane Fox says, while literature cannot stand in lieu of archaeological evidence, it must be taken seriously into account as it must have rung true in the society in which it was written to have been accepted. Therefore literature can give guidelines to the roles women had in more remote eras. Women have been spoken of since Biblical times as running private businesses, managing large pools of domestic servants and making significant contributions to society. In fact, Fox speaks of inscriptions at Delphi that identify women as the authoritarian and financial sponsors for grand and culturally important civic buildings in antiquity. In Beowulf, Wealhtheow may not have had legal power, but she had personal power and authority. For example, she could order her husband's men and they would obey her: She was not a "traditional" Victorian nor an idealized 1950s woman, at all.
Further, historian writers of an AP text declare that their research connects the idea of a woman's place being in the home to post-plague times when part of promises of marriage included the promise to keep the woman safe at home, in other words, not exposed to the terrors of the plague. This places the rise of the connection between a woman's place and the home with love and protection instead of with dominance, suppression and subjugation. In brief (?!), the role of Western women has changed so vastly throughout the ages and from such diverse causes that there is no single descriptive umbrella that can identify a simplistic or "traditional" or uniform role for Western women.
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The role of women is much different today than it was in the past. Today, women work outside the home much more (a single income household is simply too hard to support). Women also have more power than they have in the past. Look at the influence of women like Michelle Obama and Oprah.
Women are required to balance a lot more today than in the past as well. Jobs, children, homes, life in general.
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It would be inappropriate to say that their role have changed, but instead they have taken new roles along with the role they used to play earlier. Women earlier had the role of home maker alone, now they are the bread earner and home maker together.
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text:
Algorithm for Reconstruction of Neurite Outgrowth Images
central nervous system has long been suggested as a system of the body
that might be particularly sensitive to the passage of highly ionizing
particles found in the galactic cosmic rays. To assess the neurotoxicity
of high-energy iron particles, we used an in vitro model in which neuronal
differentiation and neurite extension occur under controlled conditions.
The model uses chick embryo explants to study the effects of iron ions
The imaging problem is to observe the neurite outgrowth regenerated
from an explant, and to quantify the extent of growth. We have developed
an algorithm to reconstruct the neurite outgrowth which has automated
the quantification process.
In this talk we describe our algorithm, discuss the quantification measures
we obtain, and present preliminary results from our image analysis.


FoPat – Tackling Food Waste
Student | Anushritha Yernool Sunil
Faculty | Rebecca Welz
School of Design, Graduate Industrial Design
FoPat is a temperature sensitive indicator for food freshness. It takes the form of a flat label or a tie around band on the fruit or vegetable. It helps you store your food at the right temperature, and reduces food waste by indicating when your food actually spoils, unlike the uncertain expiry date labels.
The label is a color indicator for the freshness of food. The label reacts with the gases produced by the fruits and vegetables to change color from fresh orange to past best red. It is a food freshness indicator. This color indicating film gradually disintegrates to reveal a bumpy layer below. The tactile sensation indicates the expiry of food. Therefore, this label is also suitable for the visually impaired users. The other half of the label contains information about the barcode and origin of the produce. It also contains a NFC sensor to enable smartphone readings.
The other half is a peel off label which can be further lifted to reveal an underside information section. The underside provides valuable education about the fruit or vegetable.
This label replaces the existing label that is seen on fruits and vegetables in the retail stores. It does not overpower the surface of the fruit or vegetable. This design is meant to improve the technology and develop an active label that can : – Tackle food waste by providing a better and a direct date label mechanism. – Change consumer behavior by providing a playful underside information fold out and further build our connection with food.


A 10.0 kg box is given a shove so that its initial speed is 1 m/s as it starts down a 3.5 m long ramp inclined at an angle of 10 degrees with the horizontal. If there is no friction between the ramp surface and crate, what are the kinetic energy and speed of the crate at the bottom of the ramp? (Use energy concepts to solve this problem)
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text:
Yes! Chewing gum reduces the time to the first flatus (first time passing gas) after an abdominal surgery and it decreases the time to the first bowel movement. Gum has helped these two actions occur sooner so that the patient can go home from the hospital 1/2 day sooner!
After abdominal surgery the intestines often feel "messed with"– kind of like when you were a kid and you poked an earthworm. After being manipulated, the bowel (and the earthworm) do not move like they are supposed to. This medical term is called a postoperative ileus. Postoperative ileus is common and may lead to prolonged hospitalization because no doctor will send you home without passing gas and having a bowel movement after abdominal surgery. Chewing gum may stimulate the cephalo-vagal system and intestinal motility while encouraging the flow of pancreatic juices and saliva.
This outcome of earlier flatus and bowel movement was most pronounced in patients with colorectal surgery and least pronounced in patients undergoing cesarean delivery. Some studies also showed less nausea and vomiting among those who chewed gum.
I hope this helps.