An Efficient First-Order Horn-Clause Abduction System Based on the ATMS (1991)
This paper presents an algorithm for first-order Horn-clause abduction that uses an ATMS to avoid redundant computation. This algorithm is either more efficient or more general than any other previous abduction algorithm. Since computing all minimal abductive explanations is intractable, we also present a heuristic version of the algorithm that uses beam search to compute a subset of the simplest explanations. We present empirical results on a broad range of abduction problems from text understanding, plan recognition, and device diagnosis which demonstrate that our algorithm is at least an order of magnitude faster than an alternative abduction algorithm that does not use an ATMS.
In Proceedings of the Ninth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-91), pp. 494-499, Anaheim, CA, July 1991.
Raymond J. Mooney Faculty mooney [at] cs utexas edu
Hwee Tou Ng Ph.D. Alumni nght [at] comp nus edu sg


text:
Eric Gill, Catholic pacifist, socialist and critic, punchcutter, sculptor, and wood engraver led a life of contradictions. His type designs for Monotype cut across his opposition to industrial manufacture; his religious views contradicted his life of sensual adventure. A student of Edward Johnston, he admitted to being "struck, as by lightning" as Johnston led his new friend into the world of scribes and illustrators within the Arts and Crafts Movement. He became a letterer and stonecutter.
Married in 1904, he moved in 1905 to Hammersmith, where he fell in with William Morris, Emery Walker, Edward Johnston, Cobden Sanderson and the Arts and Crafts Movement. In 1913 the couple were converted to Catholicism, and Gill began work on the Stations of the Cross in Westminster Cathedral, sculptures with magnificent lettering.
In 1925 Stanley Morison at the Monotype Corporation commissioned the drawings for Gill's first typeface, Perpetua. He believed that Gill's work with stone inscriptions prepared him for steel punches. These were hand cut by Charles Malin from Deberny & Peignot. During this period Edward Johnston and Eric Gill worked on sans serifs from a common source. Gill distinguished the results by pointing out that Gill Sans was designed purely for text, while Johnston's face was display.
In 1930 Gill designed Joanna for Hague & Gill, a remarkable face returning to Renaissance principles. The roman and italic share a set of upright capitals, following the sixteenth century model of Aldus, the first printer to use italic. In 1958 Monotype released a less radical model. Gill went on to design ten series.
Related Fonts· Relay

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


RabbitMQ is an established, general-purpose message broker. A broker facilitates the exchange of messages between a set of distributed microservices and allows them to communicate efficiently and reliably.
Kubernetes, with its API-centric approach, is an ideal operator to deploy RabbitMQ instances in a cluster. Kubernetes' scaling capabilities and automated container deployment enhance RabbitMQ's dependability in an extended cluster environment.
This tutorial shows you how to install a RabbitMQ instance on Kubernetes.
Guide on how to to deploy RabbitMQ on Kubernetes.
 - Access to a terminal window/ command line
 - A Kubernetes Cluster
 - The Kubernetes kubectl CLI tool
Deploy RabbitMQ on Kubernetes
Installing advanced software solutions on a Kubernetes cluster often involves creating and editing several complex configuration files.
Helm, the Kubernetes application package manager, can streamline the installation process and deploy resources throughout the cluster very quickly. To successfully deploy RabbitMQ, we will have to install the Helm package manager.
Install Helm Package Manager
Use the following command to install the latest version of Helm on your local Kubernetes cluster:
curl -fsSL -o
chmod 700
Once the installation process has been completed, initiate the Helm package manager by typing the following command:
helm init
You can now use Helm to deploy resources throughout a cluster with a few short commands.
Create a Namespace for the RabbitMQ Deployment
All resources in Kubernetes are started in a namespace. Unless one is specified, the system uses the default namespace. To have better control over the deployment process use the following command to create a distinct namespace:
kubectl create namespace rabbit
You can use any DNS compatible name. The namespace we created is named: rabbit.
The system confirms that the namespace rabbit was successfully created.
The system confirms that the namespace has been created successfully.
Install RabbitMQ on Kubernetes
With Helm successfully installed and a designated namespace you are ready to start the RabbitMQ deployment process. Enter the following command to apply a default stable/rabbitmq chart from a git repository:
helm install mu-rabbit stable/rabbitmq --namespace rabbit
The command deploys RabbitMQ on the Kubernetes cluster in the default configuration. The deployment is executed in the rabbit namespace created previously.
An overview of the RabbitMQ deployment process.
The terminal provides the information you need to access the RabbitMQ management interface from your browsers such as the credentials, port number, and URL.
Check RabbitMQ Provisioning Status
The containers might take a few moments to deploy. The complete status of the provisioning sequence can confirm if a deployment was successful. To review the details of the deployment, enter the following command:
watch kubectl get deployments,pods,services --namespace rabbit
A shell within the terminal provides the details for the rabbit namespace.
The command deiplays the details and status of the RabbitMQ deployment.
Once you are ready to exit the monitoring shell press Ctrl+C.
Configure RabbitMQ Server
Settings for the RabbitMQ server and its plugins are edited within the RabbitMQ configuration files.
You can use your preferred text editor to access and configure the rabbitmq.conf file. The configuration file syntax uses the sysctl format, and there are several basic principles to adhere to:
 - The system does not execute lines that start with a # character, as it considers them to be a comment
 - You can define only one setting per line
 - The lines use a simple Key = Value structure
The rabbitmq.conf file allows you to define most of the necessary configuration items, such as ports, memory thresholds, disk space, or permissions to connect to the broker.
The RabbitMQ server source repository provides a comprehensive example of a rabbitmq.conf file with detailed comments. It is important to note that this example file represents a general guide and should be adapted to reflect the specific needs of your system.
Note: Versions preceding RabbitMQ 3.7.0 use a different configuration file name, rabbitmq.config.
Setting up RabbitMQ Management Plugin to enable GUI
The RabbitMQ management plugin is already available in the default distribution. Use the rabbitmq-plugins command to enable the service:
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
Access the RabbitMQ graphical interface by using the IP and port number for the RabbitMQ server. Enter the following web location format in your browser:
The IP and port number were provided during the installation process.
Information about the IP and Port number for the RabbitMQ server.
The service asks for your credentials. To gain access to the UI need to enter your username and password. On new RabbitMQ installations, the default username and password are both predefined as "guest."
RabbitMQ Management tool interface.
You now have access to a user-friendly environment that allows you to manage virtual hosts, queues, permissions, and exchanges.
How RabbitMQ works on Kubernetes?
The very purpose of Kubernetes is to orchestrate services and automate jobs in a highly distributed cluster. A messaging broker like RabbitMQ can enhance the quality of long-running tasks and stabilize vital background processes.
RabbitMQ uses the Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP) to standardize messaging between Producers, Brokers, and Consumers.
 - A Producer publishes a message to the Exchange.
 - The Exchange formats the message and forwards it to a predefined and selected Queue.
 - A Consumer then retrieves the formatted message and consumes it.
Basic RabbitMQ architecture from Producer to Consumer.
The systematic distribution of messages improves communication between loosely coupled applications and services.
You have successfully installed RabbitMQ on Kubernetes by using the Helm package manager. The services deployed in your cluster are now able to communicate much more efficiently than before.
You have also gained access to the RabbitMQ management plugin. The straightforward user interface helps you manage messaging queues effectively and ultimately reduces the loads and delivery times of your web application servers.
Next you should also read


text:
A paper on human rights and humanitarian interventions
International interventions in and massive human rights violations that lead to humanitarian and human rights emergencies the humanitarian, human rights,. The human rights consequences of peacekeeping interventions in council of human rights policy (ichrp), working paper, human rights: the humanitarian. Just war and humanitarian terrorism and violation of human rights should be noted that the few humanitarian interventions that have been successful,.
The legality of humanitarian intervention the issue is 'hot' because the concept of human rights is on the it also examines 'humanitarian interventions. Legal aspects of humanitarian intervention for humanitarian purposes and can human rights be protected by the since humanitarian interventions cause and. The protection of human rights in humanitarian crises a joint background paper by ohchr and unhcr iasc principals, 8 may 2013 a objective. Humanitarian intervention essay example free essay on humanitarian intervention "forcible self-help by states to protect human rights," iowa law review 53, 24.
Intervening in syria and the humanitarian case: what does the of foreign military interventions on human-rights grounds in humanitarian interventions. Is that forcible action to stop serious human rights of humanitarian intervention, this paper tries to of humanitarian interventions that. Hypothesis: that despite the incidents where humanitarian interventions humanitarian intervention and the violation of human rights and humanitarian. Intervention: when, why and how post-cold war era by the human rights discourse and modern threats to aims of humanitarian interventions is to.Human rights data & technology the practice of humanitarian intervention of those instances of internationalized rule that we call 'interventions'. Burundi and the future of humanitarian abuses of those rights this paper concludes that a of humanitarian intervention human rights. Drawing upon examples of post-cold war interventions, discuss the way in which humanitarian interventions have (or have not) contributed to the spread of human rights. Artigo humanitarian interventions: a critical approach fernando josé ludwig 1 abstract this paper aims to confront the manifold aspects of "humanitarian" intervention along with the conceptualization of national sovereignty. Humanitarian interventions, human rights are considered the prime responsibility of this example humanitarian intervention essay is published for educational.
Humanitarian intervention essay writing service, custom humanitarian intervention human rights makes internal human rights law universal and humanitarian. The aim of this paper is to trace significant influence on the practise of humanitarian interventions throughout human rights being promoted at the. Humanitarian interventions in the service of international organizations human rights humanitarian intervention my paper offers one view in.
- Fighting for the moral cause state motivations for humanitarian while some humanitarian interventions the effect of human rights ngos on humanitarian.
- Given the realities of complex emergencies the separation of human rights and humanitarian action has become an obstacle to responding more adequately to this type of crisis: the issue is no longer whether there should be a human rights-based approach to relief, but rather how to give effect to it.
The history of humanitarian intervention in theory and humanitarian interventions in 'anti-slavery courts and the dawn of international human rights. Politics of int law - humanitarian intervention and human rights - essay example. Humanitarian intervention and pretexts for war (humanitarian interventions have of internationally recognized human rights sean d murphy, humanitarian inter. Free humanitarian intervention sovereign states committing human rights abuse to - humanitarian interventions have been an argument in the.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Geospatial data is essential for the development of the blue economy: for sustainable coastal management of coastal areas
and to unlock economic potential from marine and ocean resources. In developing countries, such as South Africa, there are
often gaps in the data with significant implications for the blue economy. We conducted a project aimed at addressing these
data gaps by experimenting with a circular process where geospatial data for selected areas on the South African coastline
were collected through mapathons and used in applications that were developed during hackathons. We validated this
circular approach with two iterations of mapathons and hackathons, and found that 1) the size and location of the map area
need to be carefully chosen; 2) those creating the apps needed a huge amount of help in dealing with the geospatial data; and
3) any geospatial data is useful for the blue economy, not only data with a very specific purpose in the blue economy
context, such as coastal access points. Overall, the geospatial data usability improved from one iteration to another and
would certainly improve if more iterations were added. Similar to the deployment of mapathons for disaster relief, future
research could focus on hosting hackathons for the rapid development of apps to assist with disaster relief operations.
Generally, the hosting of mapathons and hackathons in lockstep is a novel way of exposing students to interdisciplinary
collaboration in international teams with a common goal.


text:
ADePT, the Software Platform for Automated Economic Analysis, is a free program designed to simplify and speed-up the production of analytical reports. Created by the Research Department (DECRG) of the World Bank, it can be used to extract indicators from micro-level surveys and present them in a print-ready form. ADePT can generate sets of about 50 print-ready tables and graphs in different areas of economic analysis, and already includes, among others, modules on Poverty, Inequality, Labor, Gender, Education, Health, and Social Protection.
ADePT helps both to minimize human errors and to introduce new techniques and methods to a wide audience of practitioners. It can be used as a tool for sensitivity analysis, data checking, and simulations - it's an ideal tool for training! Tasks that take several weeks of work from qualified consultants could be accomplished within minutes using ADePT. Furthermore, by producing a standard set of tables and graphs, the program allows standardization of the economic statistics among countries expanding the possibilities for research on intra-country comparisons.
The website contains a free, downloadable version of the software, as well as video tutorials in several languages, PowerPoint presentations, examples and more about how to use ADePT by utilizing different data sets. Please visit _URL_ for more information.
The current version of ADePT requires a prior installation of the STATA software, but updates might be available in the near future to bypass this requirement.


text:
Definition of ebonize
v. t. - To make black, or stain black, in imitation of ebony; as, to ebonize wood.
The word "ebonize" uses 7 letters: B E E I N O Z.
No direct anagrams for ebonize found in this word list.
Words formed by adding one letter before or after ebonize (in bold), or to beeinoz in any order:
d - ebonized s - ebonizes
Shorter words found within ebonize:
be bee been ben bene bi bin bine bio biz bize bizone bo bone bonze ebon en eon in ion ne neb nee nib no nob obe obi oe on one zee zein zin zineb zone
List shorter words within ebonize, sorted by length
Words formed from any letters in ebonize, plus an optional blank or existing letter
List all words starting with ebonize, words containing ebonize or words ending with ebonize
All words formed from ebonize by changing one letter
Other words with the same letter pairs: eb bo on ni iz ze
Browse words starting with ebonize by next letter
Previous word in list: ebonites
Next word in list: ebonized
Some random words: emyd


text: The U.S. Bureau of Mines studied the hydrolysis of fe(III) in no3- and so2/4- solutions at different temperatures to determine the conditions under which dense fe(III) precipitates form. Solutions of known composition made from reagent chemicals were maintained in controlled-temperature baths, and changes in color and formation of solid phases were observed as a function of time. Solids were isolated and characterized by x-ray powder diffraction or infrared spectroscopy. Dense fe(III) precipitates are obtained in fe(no3)3 solutions especially at temperatures greater than or equal to 60 deg c in acidified solutions. At lower acidities, colloids, a cationic hydrolytic polymer, or gelatinous precipitates form. In so2/4- - containing solutions a dense amorphous basic ferric sulfate (dabfs) of compositions fe4(oh)10 so4.Xh2o (x = 2 to 3) forms at lesser than or equal to 40 deg c from solutions with so2/4- and fe3+ concentrations lesser than or equal to 0.2 M and mole ratio so2/4- /fe(III) greater than or equal to 0.5. Chemical observations showed that dabfs is related to the fe(III) cationic hydrolytic polymer.


text:
Here's how to make a DIY Christmas tree from an old wooden pallet:
- Mark two diagonal lines from the top of the pallet to the second to the last slat on each side.
- Use a circular saw to cut along the lines.
- Pry off the slats on the back.
- Cut four pieces of wood to make a simple base.
- Paint it green and decorate with lights, garland and Christmas ornaments.
Watch the video for details.


text:
3 = 6 cm
Question 10: The radius of two concentric circles are 12cm and 13cm. If the chord of the greater circle be a tangent to the smaller circle, then the length of that chord is:
Solution : Acc. to Question
AO = 13 cm and OD = 12 cm
AO2= DO2 + AD2
132 = 122 + AD2
AD2 = 169 – 144
AD = 5cm
AB = 2xAD = 10 cm
Questions 11: Two tangents are drawn at the extremities of diameter AB of a circle with centre O. If a tangent to the circle at the point C intersects the other two tangents at Q and R, then the measure of the ∠QOR is
Solution : Acc. to question
In ∆OCR and ∆RBO
OC = OB (radius)
RC = RB (tangent from same point)
PR is common
By SSS property both are congruent ∆OCR ≅ ∆RBO
Similarly they are also congruent ∆OCQ ≅ ∆QAO
Then ∠COR = ∠ROB = x
and ∠AOQ = ∠COQ = y
2x + 2y = 180°
x + y = 90°
∠QOR = 90°
Question 12: Two equal circles whose centres are O and O' intersect each other at the point A and B, OO'= 24 cm and AB = 10 cm then the radius of the circle is
AB = 10 cm
AC = BC = 5 cm
OC = CO' = 12 cm
In right angled triangle ∆ACO
OA2 = OC2 + AC2
OA2 = 122 + 52
OA2 = 144 + 25
OA = 13 cm
Question 13: The distance between the centers of two circles of radii 6 cm and 3 cm is 15 cm. The length of the traverse common tangent to the circles is:
Solution : Length of traverse common tangent = √[(Distance between their centres)2-(r1 + r2)2]
=√[(15)2-(6 + 3)2]
=√(225 – 81)
= 12 cm
Question 14: If the distance between two points (0, -5) and (x, 0) is 13 units, then the value of x is:
Solution :We know that
(Distance)2 =[(x2-x1)2 + (y2 – y1)2]
(13)2 = [(x2-0)2 + (0 – (-5) )2]
169 = x2 + 25
x = 12 units
Attention reader! Don't stop learning now. Get hold of all the important DSA concepts with the DSA Self Paced Course at a student-friendly price and become industry ready.


text:
Salesforce customers who manage large data volume in their orgs must architect record ownership carefully to ensure peak performance. When you have a large number of records owned by a single user in Salesforce, we call that an "ownership skew". There are many cases which lend themselves well to this type of architecture. While any object can have an "ownership skew", the most common cases involve Contacts without the concept of an owner, Accounts that are worked by a team without the concept of an owner, and unassigned Cases or Leads. Since every record is required to have an owner, it seems like the natural solution is to skew those records onto a "generic" owner. Unfortunately, this can cause performance issues due to sharing calculations required to manage visibility of those records. When the skewed owner exists in the role hierarchy, operations such as deletes or owner updates must remove sharing from the old owner and all parent users within the role hierarchy, and also from all users given access by sharing rules. For this reason, ownership changes tend to be one of the most costly transactional changes in the system. In many cases these actions are automated, which can cause heavy sharing calculations resulting in performance related issues. Furthermore, this type of architecture can make administrative configuration extremely difficult when the skewed user or the user's role needs to move within the role hierarchy. If the skew is severe enough, an administrator may need to unload the records to successfully move the user or role.
When architecting for a situation which requires a skew in ownership the best solution is to avoid the skew in the first place. For assignments, make sure the rules and data quality are sufficient to ensure all records get assigned to the correct rep. Ensure contact data is clean enough to associate with the correct account and assign account ownership to the user who creates the account. Many customers spend countless hours and funds manually assigning unassigned or incorrectly assigned records resulting from dirty data or a flawed rule structure. Investing in data quality and assignment tools can save companies significant time and money and ensure solutions properly scale to meet business needs. In some cases an "ownership skew" simply cannot be avoided. In these instances, it is best to ensure the skewed owner does not have a role. By configuring the skewed owner this way, you take that user and their records away from the role hierarchy and its associated sharing rules. If visibility to these records must be granted in a private sharing model, then it is best to grant access to a subset of users at the profile level. If profile level access grants too much visibility then the skewed owner must have a role, group or a Criteria Based Sharing Rule may be used. When architected carefully, each of the three solutions will provide similar performance. If the role hierarchy is used, the skewed owner must be placed in their own role at the top of the hierarchy without child nodes. Make sure any sharing rules used to grant visibility to skewed records are as restrictive as possible by granting access specifically to users who need it. Heavy sharing rules that grant access to the majority of an organization should not be used. Once the skewed owner is placed into their own role, the user and their role should never be moved since the skew would make such a move a long and difficult operation. If Criteria Based Sharing Rules are used to grant the necessary access, build the rules on fields which will not change frequently such as the owner. Doing so will prevent excessive rule calculation upon record updates.


text:
Exhibition of "The Frozen Tombs of the Altai Mountains"
Open to the public from Monday to Friday 9 a.m. to 6 p.m.
The towering, jagged Altai Mountains stretch some 2,100 km across China, Mongolia, Russia and Kazakhstan, the Russian section of this mountain range having been inscribed as a natural site on the World Heritage List in 1998. The Altai Mountains bear unique witness to the ancient Scythian culture that flourished in the Eurasian steppe during the 1st millenium BCE.
Today, however, the permafrost of the Altai Mountains is endangered by climate change, and the frozen tombs are particularly threatened. Alerted by these developments, archaeologists, climatologists, geographers and geocryologists drew UNESCO's attention to this urgent issue and requested its assistance. Subsequently, a project, the Preservation of the Frozen Tombs of the Altai Mountains, was set up under the UNESCO/Flanders Funds-in-Trust in 2005.
This project proposed the drawing up of an inventory of the kurgans (burial mounds) in the Altai Mountains and the production of accurate maps using advanced satellite imaging techniques.
This exhibition will showcase the environment of the Altai Mountains, the UNESCO project outputs as well as various research projects in this field.
World Heritage Properties
- World Heritage Sub-regional Consultative Workshop for Promotion of Transbounday co-operation Sep 2, 2008 - Sep 5, 2008
Tuesday, April 8, 2008
Monday, April 21, 2008
Salle des Pas Perdus, UNESCO House, Paris, France
Junhi Han (UNESCO)


text:
Expression 1 to 2 and Express 1 to 2 software allows you to convert shows created on the original Expression, Concept, Insight, and Impression consoles running software versions 1.7 or newer into a format compatible with ETC's newer Expression 2/Expression 3* or Express line of consoles.
Be aware that there are two versions of the 122 software: Expression 122 and Express 122. These are not compatible with each other--make sure you are using the correct version of software.*
The Expression 122 software will run on any Expression 2 or 3 line console, including the Insight 2/2x, Impression 2, Concept 2x, and Insight 3.
Expression 122 -- Rename this file "run.bin" when saving to diskette
Express 122 -- Rename this file "run.bin" when saving to diskette
The conversion process transfers the following elements of the old show:
Currently, the conversion process does not transfer the following elements of the old show:
To convert a show, follow these steps:
To work with the new show on your console, turn the console off and back on, reloading the console operating software. From the Diskette Options menu, read the converted show into the console, as described in the console User Manual. Test the show thoroughly to confirm the conversion.


text:
|Direct Imaging of Asymmetric Magnetization Reversal|
The phenomenon of exchange bias has transformed how data is read on magnetic hard disks and created an explosion in their information storage density. However, it remains poorly understood, and even the fundamental mechanism of magnetic reversal for exchange-biased systems in changing magnetic fields is unclear. By using x-ray photoemission electron microscopy at the ALS to directly image the magnetic structure of an exchange-biased film, a team from the University of Washington and the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory has identified separate magnetic-reversal mechanisms in the two branches of a hysteresis loop. This advance in fundamental understanding will provide new insights for developing the next generation of information storage and sensing devices where exchange bias is expected to play a critical role.
There are two basic energies involved in the manipulation and control of the magnetic properties of materials. Exchange controls magnetic order, and anisotropy controls magnetic orientation. A soft ferromagnet such as iron has a large exchange parameter but a small anisotropy, making ferromagnetic order stable at higher temperatures but with an unpredictable orientation of the magnetization, especially in structures of nanoscale dimensions. On the other hand, many antiferromagnets have weak exchange interactions (low ordering or Néel temperatures) but large anisotropies that result in very stable orientations.
Exchange bias arises when a thin ferromagnetic film is grown on an antiferromagnet and the resulting heterostructure is cooled in a magnetic field through the Néel temperature of the antiferromagnet. As a result of exchange coupling between the layers, the ferromagnet both retains a stable order and gains a higher anisotropy at room temperature. Moreover, the unidirectional character of the anisotropy results in a shifted hysteresis loop that is now centered on a non-zero magnetic field. This exchange bias makes the ferromagnet an excellent magnetic reference layer in modern nanolayer magnetic devices because it is very difficult to demagnetize it.
More than fifty years of research has provided varying insight into the exchange-bias phenomenon but not yet a comprehensive description of all its salient features. To gain more insight, the Washington–Stanford team resorted to x-ray photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) imaging of high-quality single-crystal ferromagnetic iron epitaxially grown on antiferromagnetic MnPd (all on an MgO substrate), samples that had been previously well-characterized magnetically and structurally.
At an iron absorption resonance, absorption of circularly polarized x rays at ALS Beamline 184.108.40.206 is sensitive to the angle between the magnetization within a ferromagnetic domain and the polarization vector. With the PEEM-2 microscope, this x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) effect allows an exact determination of the direction of the local domain magnetization at the surface of ferromagnets with a spatial resolution of 50 nm or less.
By means of XMCD measurements taken at points in hysteresis loops with the applied field in different crystallographic directions of the iron ferromagnet, the team has accumulated the first direct imaging evidence for an asymmetry in the magnetic-reversal mechanism in exchange-biased systems, evidence that until now has only been inferred indirectly by measurements such as neutron scattering.
Normally, magnetic reversal in ferromagnets occurs either by coherent rotation of magnetic moments in the domain or by nucleation and growth of reverse domains. Generally, the mechanism is determined by the material microstructure and is symmetric with respect to the applied field, i.e., it is the same in both branches of the hysteresis loop. However, the team found that in exchanged-biased ferromagnetic iron, the magnetization reversal occurs by moment rotation for decreasing fields, while it proceeds by domain nucleation and growth for increasing fields. The observed domains are also consistent with the crystallography of the bilayers and favor a configuration that minimizes the overall magnetostatic energy of the ferromagnetic layer.
Research conducted by P. Blomqvist and K.M. Krishnan (University of Washington) and H. Ohldag (Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory).
Research funding: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Operation of the ALS is supported by BES.
Publication about this research: P. Blomqvist, K.M. Krishnan, and H. Ohldag, "Direct imaging of asymmetric magnetization reversal in exchange-biased Fe/MnPd bilayers by x-ray photoemission electron microscopy," Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 107203 (2005).


text: Humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA) are two operationally defined classes of natural organic matter. In the environment, both materials are present simultaneously and bind in a competitive manner to Fe-(hydr)oxides and other minerals, but their quantification in mixtures is a challenge. In this study, an UV–Vis method was developed to quantify concentrations of HA and FA without and after adsorptive fractionation by an iron oxide (goethite, α-FeOOH). In addition, the performance of the UV–Vis method was compared to that of acid precipitation and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). Among the three methodologies (UV–Vis, acid precipitation, SEC), the UV–Vis method is the most successful in quantifying the ratio of HA to FA subject to fractionation. The UV–Vis method is based on distinct differences in the UV–Vis spectra of HA and FA, including fingerprints in both the spectra shape and intensity. Adsorption to goethite decreased the specific light absorbance of HA and FA, but the changes in spectral shape were not significant enough to cover their differences. The acid precipitation method can also quantify the HA to FA ratio. But to minimize the influence of incomplete HA precipitation or co-precipitation of FA, the concentration of both HA and FA needs to be at least ~20 mgC L−1. The SEC method is not suitable to measure HA and FA after adsorption, because preferential adsorption significantly affects the shape of SEC chromatograms.


Tree (descriptive set theory)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article is about mathematical trees described by prefixes of finite sequences. For trees described by partially ordered sets, see Tree (set theory).
In descriptive set theory, a tree on a set X is a collection of finite sequences of elements of X such that every prefix of a sequence in the collection also belongs to the collection.
The collection of all finite sequences of elements of a set X is denoted X^{<\omega}. With this notation, a tree is a nonempty subset T of X^{<\omega}, such that if \langle x_0,x_1,\ldots,x_{n-1}\rangle is a sequence of length n in T, and if 0\le m


text:
The latest news from academia, regulators
research labs and other things of interest
Posted: February 12, 2007
Gold unstable at high pressures
(Nanowerk News) Gold is not as noble and stable as it has been previously thought. This is the conclusion of an international team of researchers from Germany, France and Sweden who came to the ESRF to study the structure of this material at high pressure. They present their results in Physical Review Letters (" Noblest of All Metals Is Structurally Unstable at High Pressure").
The uniqueness of gold and its appreciation as a valuable throughout history is closely related to its exceptional stability to chemical reactions and extreme pressures and temperatures. Gold was considered as a synonym of immovability and constancy (remember the wedding rings!). Indeed, at ambient pressure gold has been known to remain stable in a cubic crystalline phase to at least 180 GPa (one million eight hundred thousand atmospheres).
Scientists from the Bayerisches Geoinstitut and the University of Heidelberg (Germany), together with researchers from Sweden and the ESRF (France) have detected for the first time a phase transformation in gold using the synchrotron. The experiments have shown that at pressures above ~240 GPa gold adopts an hexagonal-close packed structure.
In order to carry out their experiments, scientists used the beamlines BM01, ID27 and ID30 at the ESRF combined with a new instrument at the Bayerisches Geoinstitut. The sample was placed inside a diamond anvil cell, which was then electrically heated externally. This allowed them to study gold at the pressures of the Earth's core, that is, at a depth of 5500 km from the surface.
Advances in high-pressure techniques require standards which are applicable at a multimegabar pressure range. Large pressure and temperature stability of the cubic gold phase and its high isothermal compressibility make gold an ideal material to be used as a pressure marker at high pressurehigh temperature experiments at pressures above 100 GPa. The pressure-induced phase transition found in gold at pressure above 240 GPa places a "natural" limit on the application of cubic gold as a standard.
These results confirm the theoretical predictions about the phase changes in gold. "These new experimental and theoretical results remind us that there is no "absolute" unchangeable material, and the noblest of all metals, gold, is not an exception from this rule", explains Leonid Dubrovinsky, main researcher.


- Back dimples are a current trend made popular by celebrities and fashion influencers.
 - They're a genetic feature that not everyone has, although certain exercises can help make back dimples appear more pronounced.
 - Alternatively, cosmetic surgery to remove lower back fat can create back dimples.
Back dimples are a popular trend right now. Whether it's an aesthetic that speaks to you or not, you'll probably be tempted to check your back in the nearest mirror after reading this article.
What are back dimples, exactly?
Back dimples, also known as dimples of Venus, are the two small indents that reside on the lower back just above the glutes. These striking dimples are formed by the sacrum and the two hip bones attached to either side.
According to Miami plastic surgeon Dr. Jacob Freiman, "Back dimples, or 'dimples of Venus,' are caused by a skin attachment to the part of the pelvis called the posterior superior iliac spine. While other areas of the skin can sag a little, since the skin is attached to the bone here, it doesn't and therefore causes dimpling. You can find examples of back dimples in paintings from hundreds of years ago, but recently they have become aesthetically popular."
Why are they considered attractive?
You may be wondering what all the fuss is about. The lower back has always been considered one of the most attractive parts of the female figure. As such, it makes sense that recent trends in buttock lifts and sculpting would lead to a focus on improving the look of the lower back.
By that logic, dimples can be seen as aesthetically pleasing since they draw the eye to the curves of the lower back and waist. With popular celebrities and models like Kendall Jenner flaunting their dimples on Instagram, dimples of Venus have come to be seen by some as a sign of a fit body.
According to Dr. Freiman, "There is nothing innately beautiful about back dimples. Aesthetics is based on trends and your geographical location. In some parts of the world, large buttocks and small breasts are popular and in other parts, the opposite. Currently, back dimples are trending in the United States and some parts of Europe."
While back dimples are considered a genetic feature, it does appear anecdotally that a large percentage of lean athletes are blessed with them as well. This would suggest that body fat reduction can help enhance the appearance of back dimples.
While it's not possible to reduce body fat in a specific area, a combination of diet, lower back exercises and cardiovascular conditioning could help you achieve the dimples of Venus look.
Dieting and the back dimple workout
According to Scientific American, lean athletes typically have a body fat percentage of 6 for men and 12 for women. These are the sculpted bodies that we see in the media with back dimples. The average body fat percentage in the U.S. is 22% to 32%, so a layer of adipose tissue might be covering many potential dimples.
As back dimples are located on a part of the body which doesn't have very many muscles, it can be difficult to make these indentations appear more prominent through muscle building alone. A better way to naturally achieve the look is through diet and fat loss.
Lose weight the right way
If there is a thick layer of fat covering the lower back, these dimples won't show. Since there is no way to lose fat from a specific place on the body, an overall reduction in body fat percentage is necessary to make these indentations more pronounced.
A safe rate of body fat to lose is 1-2 pounds a week, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This can be achieved simply by cutting your daily calorie intake.
There are 3,500 calories in a pound of fat, so if you trim 500 calories from your daily calorie intake, you will lose about a pound of fat per week. It's important to not cut calories too drastically as this can lead to muscle loss instead of fat loss, which won't help you develop more pronounced dimples.
Developing new habits like replacing juice, soda or alcoholic beverages with water or no-calorie drinks is a simple step you can take to reduce caloric intake and cut body fat.
Exercise your way to a leaner back
If dieting isn't your thing, regular exercise can also help burn calories and drop body fat. A simple increase in your daily activity level can help burn calories while allowing you to eat more regularly.
Although fat loss is the most effective way to achieve back dimples, you can enhance these indentations with certain exercises. There are no muscles directly below the dimples themselves but building the muscles in the area can help Venus dimples stand out.
Here are three specific gym exercises that help target the muscles around your lower back:
 - Back extensions
This exercise targets the spinal erectors and other muscles throughout the lower back. These gym machines utilize weight blocks that can be adjusted to fit your strength level.
For this move, sit on the machine and rest the padded rollers on your shoulders. Starting in the upright position, use your lower back muscles to push against the rollers until you are in a horizontal position. By repeating this movement, you effectively target many muscles in your lower back to enhance your back dimples.
 - Rowing machine
This is a classic back strengthener and a great way to target and develop the lower back muscles while burning a ton of calories. Not only does it provide a full body aerobic workout, but it also targets the erector spinae and the glutes, enhancing the curves of your backside for a lifted butt and sculpted lower back.
 - The Roman chair
Although the Roman chair is a popular core machine, it also targets the muscles in the lower back. This machine provides a similar workout to the back extension but with more weight
Sit on the machine and position your thighs and feet under the padded bars. Use your lower back and core muscles to lift the torso up and parallel with the knees. Keep your hands behind your head while performing the motions to isolate the muscles in your lower back.
Back dimple surgery
At the end of day, back dimples are thought to be a genetic feature so reducing body fat and developing lower back muscles may not help you achieve them.
Although there are some surgical procedures available to create back dimples, not all surgeons agree on the effectiveness of these procedures in producing the desired results.
Vaser liposuction
The most popular procedure for producing back dimples is Vaser liposuction. This minimally invasive procedure, known as the "V-Spot" treatment, uses an ultrasound probe to remove fat from very specific areas of the lower back, creating crevasses for back dimples.
This trendy new procedure, also known as liposculpturing, isn't used for back dimples alone. Its main objective is to shape any part of the body to the client's desired look.
Liposuction used to involve breaking up and separating fat before extracting it, which caused a lot of pain for the patient and entailed a long recovery time. Vaser liposuction is less invasive and has a much quicker recovery time. The targeted area is numbed while the ultrasound probe dissolves the fat as it's extracted. The fat turns to a butter-like consistency, making it easy to remove. The process is far less painful as a result.
What about injectables?
Injectable options do exist for back dimples, but the safety and effectiveness of these procedures are debatable.
These procedures are typically done with steroid injections like Kenalog 40, which is known to cause fat atrophy but may also cause thinning of the overlying skin. Alternatively, injections of deoxycholic acid can act more selectively to dissolve targeted fat without causing adverse effects to the skin.
The FDA, however, has not approved these injectables for the use of fat dissolution so these uses are considered "off label." While off-label usage of injectables can be safe, it's important to do your research on the skills and qualifications of the physician performing the procedure.
Before buying into back dimples
If you've decided that back dimples are a must-have to complete your look, try diet and exercise first. If that doesn't work or if you are looking for a shortcut, then consult a reputable surgeon with experience creating these dimples before you take the plunge.
» To find out more about surgical and non-invasive body contouring procedures, use Zwivel's online consultation tool to contact a cosmetic doctor in your area.
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- Historic Sites
Constructed between 1732 and 1756 as the State House of the Province of Pennsylvania, it is considered a fine example of Georgian architecture. From 1775 to 1783 (except for the winter of 1777 - 1778 when Philadelphia was occupied by the British Army) this was the meeting place for the Second Continental Congress. It was in the Assembly Room of this building that George Washington was appointed commander in chief of the Continental Army in 1775 and the Declaration of Independence was adopted on July 4, 1776. In the same room the design of the American flag was agreed upon in 1777, the Articles of Confederation were adopted in 1781, and the U. S. Constitution was drafted in 1787. The building, inside and out, has been restored whenever possible to its original late-18th century appearance. Most of the furnishing are period pieces. The "rising sun" chair used by George Washington as he presided over the Constitutional Convention is original.


Y3 Attract or Repel (black and White)?
Pupils investigate magnets and learn that they have two ends that we call poles. One end is the magnetic north pole (N) and the other is the magnetic south pole (S). Pupils investigate what happens when these poles are positioned together and learn that magnets, depending on their arrangement of poles, can either attract or repel each other.
Learning Objectives:
 - POS - notice that some forces need contact between two objects, but magnetic forces can act at a distance; observe how magnets attract or repel each other and attract some materials and not others; describe magnets as having two poles; predict whether two magnets will attract or repel each other, depending on which poles are facing
 - NaG - pupils should look for patterns in the way that magnets behave in relation to each other and what might affect this
 - WS - pupils should set up simple practical enquiries, comparative and fair tests; use straightforward scientific evidence to answer questions or to support their findings; gather, record, classify and present data in a variety of ways to help in answering questions
This resource is available in the below packages.
Sigma Science – Year 3


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How Waukesha Library Revamped Its Public Access Computers
Waukesha Library at night
Waukesha, Wisconsin might be most famous for being a "guitar town." It's the birthplace of Les Paul, music pioneer and inventor of the iconic Gibson Les Paul guitar. But the Waukesha Public Library also deserves fame for its innovative programs and dedication to its community. With the help of TechSoup's Refurbished Computer Initiative (RCI), the library is able to provide the valuable service of public access computers to Waukesha residents.
A Dynamic and Diverse Community
Located west of Milwaukee, Waukesha has a population of about 71,000. The library is the largest in a system of 17 libraries, and it serves about 100,000 people. The library supports a wide range of community members, everybody from tech-savvy students (the Waukesha school district has an iPad program) to manga-loving teens (who publish a biannual teen-created fanzine) to those who are homebound.
Waukesha has also increased its materials and services for non-English speaking people and English-language learners. The city has a growing Hispanic community that makes up more than 10 percent of the total population. The library works with local nonprofits, such as La Casa de Esperanza and the Waukesha Hispanic Collaborative Network, to provide Spanish-language programming, such as parenting classes and story times. The library works with the Greater Waukesha Literacy Council to mentor and tutor adults in English as a second language, reading, writing, spelling, and math.
Best Practices for Helping Patrons with E-Readers
E-reader assistance
"I love that I can check out e-books from you … but I have no idea how to make them work."
The other day, my friend and I had a work party at my local library. My friend had another agenda, however: to finally figure out how to check out e-books from the library on her iPad. Despite being tech-savvy, she was having issues getting through all of the different steps the e-books required to work on her iPad.
Turns out, this happens frequently. My colleague Jim Lynch wrote about his personal experience in Why Is It So Hard to Use E-Books from the Library?
Assistive Technology Tips from Expert Librarians
Edge Benchmark 11 states:
Common Craft's Video Love Letter to Libraries
Did you know that 98% of public libraries offer some form of technology training? And 95% offer employment and workforce development programs? Of course you do.
Libraries know all about how libraries support access to and use of technology. Unfortunately, in many cases the same can't be said of your legislators, local voters, the mainstream media, and others who may influence public library funding and support.
Common Craft put together a snappy video to help libraries address this perception issue.
Content Management Systems for Library Websites
Teen on a computer at the library
Why the Clean Reader App Negatively Impacts Literacy
Generally, I'm all for mobile apps or computer programs that support literacy. TechSoup for Libraries had a webinar a few months ago, in fact, on ways librarians can incorporate apps and technology into story time.
But when I heard about Clean Reader, the app that scrubs out "profanity" from books and replaces it with alternative words, I was offended. It's not explicit language that makes me grimace, but the fact that this app is a blatant form of censorship.
Your Library Can Support Makers Without Having a Makerspace
Some school and public libraries around the world are setting up makerspaces or creative tinkering spaces, but not every library has the space or budget to do so. How can your library support makers without having its own makerspace? There are lots of ways to do it. Here are a few tips to get you started.
Resources for Training Library Staff on Mobile Operating Systems
Can You Get Tech Advice from a Print Book?
I was scanning the ALA Store when a book caught my eye: Technology for Small and One-Person Libraries: A LITA Guide. Given how many of our TechSoup for Libraries members come from small libraries, I thought this book would be a great subject for our very first book review! Is this guide something that belongs on every rural librarian's shelves? Can you get technology tips from a printed book? Will even the tech-savviest of librarians get something out of this book? Yes, yes, … and yes!
A Quick Caveat on Books About Tech
I'm possibly stating the obvious here, but it's important to note that when you buy a book on technology, there is almost always going to be something out-of-date in it. Technology moves so fast that even if the publisher were to continuously release updated versions of the book, it still couldn't keep up.
 Technology for Small and One-Person Libraries was published in 2013, and although the authors do a great job of keeping the descriptions and names of technology general, there is some information that isn't quite current. For example, the social media chapter lists a few platforms and tools to check out, but doesn't include Tumblr, Instagram, or Pinterest, which have become quite popular among libraries.
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Re: Collecting all values with shift
by erikharrison (Deacon)
on Aug 30, 2002 at 04:27 UTC ( #193998=note: print w/ replies, xml ) Need Help??
in reply to Collecting all values with shift
If you are not sure of the number of args, just assign to an array
sub foo { my (_USER_) = _USER_; }
Why not use _USER_ directly, you may ask? Well, first, _USER_ has magical powers. Second, it's less readable.
In fact, ask yourself why the sub has a variable number of args - is it trying to do to much? If so, then maybe you ought to consider breaking the function down into smaller bits with more clearly defined purposes
If the function has a clear need for multiple args, it may still be true that the first couple of args have a defined purpose and the remainder of the args define a variable length additional data. In that case, consider naming those important initial args in a useful way, leaving the remainder in a list.
sub foo_which_processes_a_list { my ( $employee_name, _USER_) = _USER_; }
This has the added benefit of promoting useful information out of the collection of the list to a more important looking scalar
Comment on Re: Collecting all values with shift
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What does a negative balance on my credit card account mean?
When you make a purchase on your credit card, your balance owing goes up and shows up as a positive balance on your statement.
However, a negative balance on your statement means that you have an additional amount credited to your account. You don't owe anything, and the negative balance will be applied towards your next purchase.
You may see a negative balance on your statement if:
 - you made a return on a purchase and received credit back
 - you paid more than your balance owing on your statement
Last updated July 4, 2020


Why would you want to associate a value with an enum case? - a free tutorial
Paul Hudson _USER_
One of the most powerful features of Swift's enums is their ability to store one or more associated values – extra pieces of information that describe the enum case in more detail.
Associated values can be attached to every case, or only some cases. Plus, each case can have as many associated values as you want, as long as each one has a type.
For example, we might create a Weather enum with three cases:
enum Weather {
 case sunny
 case windy(speed: Int)
 case rainy(chance: Int, amount: Int)
That means our weather can be sunny, it can be windy, or it can be rainy. However, when it's windy we're also asking to store how fast the wind is as an integer – whether it's 10 kilometers per hour (kph), 20, 30, and so on. And when it's rainy, we're storing a percentage chance of the rain happening and a volume value, storing how much rain will store.
We could do something similar, but it would be pretty unpleasant. Imagine this:
enum Weather {
 case sunny
 case lightBreeze
 case aBitWindy
 case quiteBlusteryNow
 case nowThatsAStrongWind
 case thisIsSeriousNow
 case itsAHurricane
That gives us more ways to describe windy weather, but it's very imprecise – we've gone from being able to distinguish between a 10kph wind and a 15kph wind. Worse, if you hadn't seen the list ordered like it is above, would you know that aBitWindy was supposed to be stronger than lightBreeze but less strong than quiteBlusteryNow?
Now imagine trying to work with the rainy case, where we need to store two integers. We'd end up having to have cases that describe a low chance of light rain, a low chance of moderate rain, a low chance of heavy rain, a moderate chance of light rain, a moderate chance of moderate rain… well, you get the point.
So, enums with associated values let us add extra information to an enum case – think of them as being adjectives to a noun, because it lets us describe the thing in more detail.
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Skills supply and demand in Europe
Cedefop's medium-term skills forecasts have proven very popular. But how does the skills project approach the topic and draw conclusions? This publication provides an overview of the methods underpinning the project.
Cedefop's forecast is not intended to replace forecasting efforts in individual countries, but to share the knowledge acquired during the development of different systems and methods, and to highlight the results. This shared knowledge can help to improve the methods used in each country and to resolve outstanding issues. Cedefop's forecast can also inspire new forecasting initiatives. The feedback provided by countries can in turn help make the European forecast even more precise. The more solid the method, the more reliable the results.
News Details


Mixing in Ableton Live: A Creative Approach | Karel Psota | Skillshare
Mixing in Ableton Live: A Creative Approach
Karel Psota, Composer, Music Producer, Mixer
Play Speed
 - 0.5x
 - 1x (Normal)
 - 1.25x
 - 1.5x
 - 2x
10 Lessons (50m)
 - 1. Trailer
 - 2. Project
 - 3. Importing Stems in Ableton
 - 4. Volume
 - 5. Panning and Widening
 - 6. EQ
 - 7. Reverb
 - 8. Compression
 - 9. Advanced Ableton Racks
 - 10. Closing
32 students are watching this class
About This Class
This class covers problem-solving and creative methods to raise your mixes to professional standards using only the audio effects included in Ableton Live 9.
You will learn how to analyse, critic, fix, and embellish all parts of your songs using tools like volume automation, reverb, panning, eqing and compression. More than knowing what these tools do, you will know when to apply them, how to combine them, and when NOT to use them.
The project will involve mixing audio stems that I will provide. You also have the choice to mix your own project as long as you show us the material before and after your mix. The project is about the development of your mix rather than the final result.
This class is geared towards Ableton users, but the concept explained are applicable in any other DAW.
- Knowledge of the basic functionality in Ableton Live or any other DAW.
- Familiarity with the terms: spectrum, frequency, transient, fundamental, harmonics, mono and stereo.
1. Trailer: Hi, My name is Kemal, and today I'm going to show you how to make your mixes south. Bigger, wider, deeper, tighter and clear. Using only able to stop plug. It's now you notice. I called my class creative mixing. This is a bit unusual as mixing is referred as a science. It's very rational, scientific. You can imagine a surgeon school thing. Sounds of complex machinery. Well, I believe otherwise. Mixer is also an artist. They contribute to a song by bringing their influence like art. Some decisions might not have any justification. It's a matter of personal taste. It's a gut feeling. Therefore, I will teach this class in a creative way more than explaining to you how audio effects works. Want to use them when not to use them? I'll go beyond that and show you how to combine them to create your own effect. Rex. I will show you waste experiment, Force happy accidents. At the end, you will find your identity as a mixer. A few words about myself. My name is Carl office set up. I'm a music producer, composer, sound designer and mixer. I've worked with Grammy nominated engineer Brad Hagel, composed soundtracks for award winning short films. I've done sound designed on trailers like and Settle, Dress Pixels and Point Break. Also mixed songs for radio. And if you wonder, I got into music by producing as diverse, Um, experience may seem, I chose to teach mixing because it is the common link between everything I've done. As you can imagine, mixing orchestra the theater is very different than mixing up step for a nightclub or apple your butts I saw as prerequisites for this class. I would recommend being familiar with the basics of able to know has your import export audio. You'll have your name and color tracks. Also, we're going to talk about audio effect racks. These concepts are applicable in any other day. W However, these futures are specifically designed for able to. Also, you should be familiar with the following terms. Spectrum frequency, fundamental harmonic, transient motto, stereo and delay 2. Project: for this project, I'll give all my students the same stents. It will be up to you to experiment with the stems, using the techniques I will teach you. Now. I'm not expecting a perfect mix because there's no such thing I want to make that represents you. I hope that by the end of this class, gallery will be full of mixes. That sound difference. Although this will be the same song, you'll be able to see the different approaches from your classmates. In a way, it is this collection of work that will prove the point of this class. Mixing is a matter of individual taste. It's up to you to find your own individual sounds. 3. Importing Stems in Ableton: for this first video, I'm going to show you had to import steps into a Bolton. It's kind of a tricky process, but once you know the shortcut, you could save so much time. First of all, let's download this folder from the skill share Web page, and you will find some stems. So, like the ball, drag them into a Bolton. And here's the trick before you let them go old commands. This will align them vertically. Now the next step is to make sure they are worked to do that. Hit command a then shift tab. You will see this. It'll warp icon here, make sure it is unchecked. This will save some issues with tempo. Next. What you want to do is change the tempo of the session I give you to a temple. In this first filed called Reference, the tempo is 1 10 That's type it. It also. What we want to do is make sure that the volume is low on every track. To do that, click on the track name, then command A to select all tracks, then move the volume fader and type in negative 10. The next step is to mute the reference This is only there to show you how to stand sound like altogether after we could rename the audio tracks because names like 45 audio are not very familiar naming them something like kick will make it much easier for afterwards Snare, stare, and so on. Also, if you're a fancy person like me, you could use colors like yellow for drums, purple for base And I think green for guitars. Anyway, once you've done that, you should end up with a file that looks like this. Cool. Now, another thing that I did here is that I folded all my tracks. I have a clear view of decision to do that. All we need to do is hold option and click all these little arrows. Just one of them will open all of them. It works the other way around, too. So that's it for this first lesson. Now that you know how to organize stems, we can go ahead and talk about volume in the next lesson. 4. Volume: Okay, welcome back to this second lesson. I hope that by now you set up your template. You have the steps loaded into a bilton so we could talk about volume. So what is Volume volume is also called gain level or amplitude. It's measured in decibels, DB for short. You can see volume and able to by looking at the green meters at the end of your tracks like this. You can also see thes leaders between audio effects that this will be very helpful in the future. Now the general rule red volume is to never go over zero decibels on the master. Why is that? Well, let's find out by breaking this rule, where you going to do is lower the volume of this video or of your speakers, and we're going to push the volume of all the tracks together and see what happens. Sounds good. What you are hearing is called distortion. It's a misrepresentation of the sound. It's very harsh, aggressive and tiring to listen to. Now I want you to be familiar with this sound. You should be able to recognize it without looking at your screen like that in the future when you hear this distortion, you know? Oh, this is a problem with volume. I should lower some of my tracks. Ironically, even some professional tracks have this sound effect. Hotline bling, for instance, sounds very distorted on the drums. I think they did that purposely, because I'm sure Drake has excellent mixing engineers. My point is, learn how to identify that distortion. Next, let's talk a bit about the relationship between volume and individual tracks. Now you'll notice that everything sounds a bit better if you make it louder. So why don't you experiment with that concept and pushed the volumes of the tracks you like? Soon enough, you'll notice that your master will go over zero DB because you'll just keep pushing, pushing volumes on every track. You will start hearing distortion, and we will be back to square one. Your brain has fooled you. Making things louder does not make things better. So the real question is, how do you mix with volume? The solution is in one word. Balance would is simple to like volume. You should be able to make each track audible in your mix. A good way to stop is to mix by groups For example, let's stop with the Drum Group. We're going to select symbols, snares and kick drums, and then press command Z to group them gonna name this group drum and cats that I know it's a group. I'm going to color it yellow, and we're going to open these tracks and try to balance them. Now balancing tracks is a bit tricky, because what referential do you use? It's a matter of taste. So in this case, if you don't know where to start, you should listen to


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Scroll to explore Drones and Honeycombs
The Netherlands is famous for its professional design practice, both smalland large-scale. It is also known for its humanitarian missions and investments in development projects around the world. There used to be a clear distinction between war zones and the peaceful civilian world. That distinction seems to have dissolved: war has become part of the public space. Through this project, Het Nieuwe Instituut seeks to link subjects such as innovation and conflict to contemporary issues in design. The work focuses on the extent to which the military apparatus affects society and how it engages with architecture and urban planning.
The project is divided into three sub-research themes:
1. Drones: machines, surveillance and emerging security regimes
2. Compounds: architecture of enclosure
Background tot the project Drones and Honeycombs
Drones and Honeycombs is based on a research project by Malkit Shoshan, fellow of Het Nieuwe Instituut.


text:
In most parts of the country, spring rains are a gift. To take greatest advantage of that precipitation and to ensure the runoff isn't wasted—or worse, left to erode siding or undermine foundations—we need to properly channel all this beneficence. Rain chains have been used in Asia for centuries to gracefully control the downward path of water. They use surface tension to efficiently steer water with a minimum of splash and splatter. Ours is pretty adorable, like jewelry for your house. It's also inexpensive and a lot of fun to make.
1. We used 10 2-inch aluminum funnels spaced about every 8 to 10 inches on an 8-foot length of galvanized chain. Drill 2 holes in opposite sides of the funnel rim to take the cross-bar bolt. Center the holes so the funnel hangs straight. Trace your funnel and find the center points on paper, then use that to mark the proper places to drill on the funnel.
2. For this rain chain, we used 2 1/2-inch #6 bolts and nuts and chain small enough to fit through the funnel hole but big enough for the bolt to go through its links. One bolt and 3 nuts create the crossbar. Thread the bolt through the hole in the right edge of the funnel, then screw on a nut.
3. Thread the bolt through a link in the chain and add another nut.
4. Finally, thread the bolt through the left hole in the funnel rim and tighten a nut on the end. Use the 2 center bolts to hold the chain in the center of the crossbar.


text:
Interested in whether your protein uses oxygen to mediate reactions? Wondering if oxygen is keeping your enzyme from its duty? Then what you need as an anaerobic tent!
These tips provide some basic knowledge to help you perform experiments using an anaerobic tent.
What is an anaerobic tent?
Most biologists who work in oxygen-free environments use anaerobic tents. These soft-sided vinyl chambers (and attached gloves) contain an inert mixture of gases and are given shape by a metal frame. They generally have a smaller footprint than glove boxes, and provide a greater range of motion during experiments. In addition, the anaerobic tent's soft sides are more forgiving to changes in internal atmospheric pressure, though they are less sturdy overall.
Items (experimental materials) enter and exit both types of chamber through an attached airlock. Items within the airlock are subjected to multiple 'cycles' of alternating vacuum and repressurization using inert gas to purge as much excess oxygen as possible before they are brought into the main chamber. The interior of the anaerobic tent may or may not be sterile, depending on the needs of its users.
Establishing and maintaining an anaerobic environment is tedious and time-consuming. The misuse of an anaerobic tent, particularly the airlock, can cause both property damage and physical injury. Keeping in mind a few basic safety measures and good etiquette will keep you safe and on the good side of the team who normally uses the anaerobic tent.
Safety with anaerobic tents
1. Know how to cycle items through the airlock
The procedure for bringing items into or out of the anaerobic tent should be posted on or around the pump and gas tanks; regardless, you should still have one of the regular users walk you through the protocol. Save your memory: write down any relevant details that aren't posted.
2. Know where the air monitoring gauges are, and keep an eye on them during your experiment
Ask one of the regular users of the anaerobic system what the expected gas ratios are, and record the appropriate minimum and maximum acceptable numbers. Many systems have alarms to warn users when the oxygen concentration becomes too high. Ask a lab member to demonstrate, but don't depend on the alarm; be aware of oxygen levels during your experiment.
Etiquette for using an anaerobic tent
1. Plan ahead
It takes time for items that have been kept on the shelf in the lab to equilibrate in an anaerobic environment, and it takes time for the anaerobic tent to purge oxygen carried in with each set of fresh items. Plastics usually take a couple of days to 'breathe' off the oxygen adhering to their porous surfaces.
Any equipment (probes, etc.), that you want to use in the tent will also need to be brought in. Make sure that your labmates won't need to use them and there is a power outlet available in the tent. Depending on the equipment's composition, it may also need a day or two to off-gas before you start.
If the anaerobic tent is used as a sterile environment, make sure that it stays that way—prepare your materials appropriately and practice aseptic technique as necessary.
2. Do not leave large bottles of solution open in the tent for an extended period of time
If you won't be using the solution for more than a day or so, stopper the bottle tightly to prevent evaporation. Water vapor can cause mold as well as contribute to oxygen levels.
3. Remove your supplies and experimental waste as soon as possible once you are finished with your experiment
If you are running a multi-day experiment, remove waste materials at least daily to keep the tent clean and minimize the possible contamination sources. Strong acids and bases are not nice to the inside of the anaerobic box, and water evaporates.
4. If you plan to use the tent for more than a few days, offer to help with minor maintenance
Anaerobic boxes require regular upkeep, even when they are not in use. Be sure to ask if there is any light regular maintenance you can perform while using the tent. You may be asked to replace the hygroscopic pellets or palladium catalyst, a task generally performed every few days. You may not need to do anything, but it doesn't hurt to ask.
Pro tips for anaerobic solution prep
If you only need a small amount of solution, check anaerobic solvents already in the tent.
Large-volume solutions (buffers, etc.) created in room atmosphere should have as much excess oxygen removed as possible before they are introduced to the anaerobic tent. Below are details on how to perform this, but don't hesitate to ask a lab member for help with this process!
- Stopper the bottle and run an appropriate inert gas through the solution as it is vigorously stirred. Be sure you provide an avenue for the oxygen to escape!
- Once the bottle has been degassed for an hour or so, seal it (usually with a screw-top lid) and cycle it into the tent.
- Once the system appears stable, let the solution stir in the tent without the stopper for another couple of hours or overnight. Keep an eye on the tent's oxygen levels during this process, and restopper the bottle once you are done.
Performing an experiment under anaerobic conditions introduces many factors into your experiment (including how to handle microcentrifuge tubes while wearing enormous kitchen gloves), but can also provide you with invaluable information about whether your protein requires oxygen or its absence.
These tips should help make sure your experiment is a success!


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Analyzing the dynamic hydrologic conditions of the Sandhills is critical for water and range management, sustainability of the Sandhills ecosystem as well as for dune stability. There are complex models available to quantify both surface and subsurface hydrological processes. However, we present in this study an application of a relatively simple model to arrive at best estimates of the water balance components. Using the Thornthwaite-Mather (TM) model, water balance components were estimated for 4 Automated Weather Data Network (AWDN) weather monitoring stations. Estimated averages of the water balance components suggested that mean annual precipitation of these four sites was only about 420 mm but water loss through plant evapotranspiration (ET) was 861 mm, with PET of about 1214 mm. Our investigation shows that there was surplus of water between December and March and a deficit occurs at the start of the growing season in May and extends through senescence in September-October. This study also suggests that the High Plains aquifer possibly met the plant water requirement during this deficit period as well as during the soil water extraction period, from May through September.
Sridhar, Venkataramana and Hubbard, K. G.. (2010). "Estimation of the Water Balance Using Observed Soil Water in the Nebraska Sandhills". Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 15(1), 70-78. _URL_


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sam mitchel herbarium of fungi
The Sam Mitchel Herbarium of Fungi is the largest and best curated mycological collection of the Southern Rocky Mountain Region, with approximately 14,000 preserved and documented specimens of mushrooms and other fungi. The collection includes more than 2,500 species within approximately 300 genera.
We have an excellent, well-documented representation of native Basidiomycetes with a particularly strong collection of the Russulales, as well as the genera Hebeloma, Agaricus and Suillus. Our strengths include gasteroid collections from the prairies and grasslands of Colorado and especially noteworthy colletions of "snowbank" fungi. Many rare cup fungi stand out in our extensive Ascomycete collection. Our collections are supported by an extensive literature collection. Aproximately 250 species of Colorado Mycomycetes are also included.
Our valuable and often unique collections are sought after for loans to other institutions here and abroad. There are 36 TYPE collections of Colorado fungi housed in the Sam Mitchel Herbarium.
The Sam Mitchel Herbarium of Fungi recently received an award from the National Science Foundation - Thematic Collections Network Grant to digitize and image the collections including all the ancillary data such as in-situ images of mushrooms and data cards. To learn more about the grant, The Macrofungi Collection Consortium, which includes 34 other institutions see the National Science Foundation press release. The data from all 35 institutions will be or is available on the new, MyCoPortal, and includes distribution maps and dynamic checklists.
The herbarium staff identifies fungi for the public, Rocky Mountain Poison Center and other researchers. For toxicology experts and other qualified researchers, the collection is available for study and includes vouchered specimens.
The mycology staff and volunteers continually survey the varied habitats of Colorado and adjoining states to collect and document the mycoflora throughout the fruiting season.
- Our research on subalpine and alpine mycorrhizal fungi begins in the spring with trips to the edge of the snowbanks where melting snow and the intense sun support the 'fruiting' of mycorrhizal fungi. Throughout the decades we have documented hundreds of vouchers of these unique fungi, known only in a few parts of the world.
- Collecting in subalpine and alpine areas during the summer months has produced thousands of specimens of mycorrhizal fungi, thus documenting the association of those fungi with their plant associates. Our extensive collection of Gasteromycete - puffballs and their allies - is a particular strength. Most of these saprobes are found in our prairie habitats throughout the season.
- Staff and volunteers actively participate in various intensive inter-disciplinary field studies, known as bioblitzes. Our collections from the Rocky Flats Bioblitz, Soapstone Prairie Bioblitz, Rocky Mountain Park Mycoblitz and the JE Ranch SE Canyonlands Bioblitz have yielded many unique specimens, some previously unknown to the area.


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ROME.- Roman churches, funerary monuments and museums where artistic treasures are housed have been damaged in the Italian region affected by the earthquake. Even though the extent of the damage has not been calculated, David Rijser, an expert in Classic and Renaissance antiquities has tried to calculate the losses.
"It has been a true drama, there is a lot that has been lost, said David Rijser to Radio Nederland. In 1985 I visited the Abruzzo region for the first time. At that time there were no tourists, he told reporter Philip Smet by telephone. These days there are few art lovers in the region even though there are a lot of places that deserved to be visited. In L' Aguila and its surroundings there are many Roman and Gothic churches and other buildings from the XIII, XIV and XV centuries.
Italy today lives the tragedy caused by the earthquake that hit a region that is the birthplace of art and civilization. No other catastrophe can ever erase the memory of those who, throughout the centuries, marked the identity of their cities.
Among the masterpieces destroyed were the gothic church of Maria di Collemaggio, built in the 13th century in the mountainous region of Abruzzo that was the epicentre of the quake.
Sources from the Italian Superintendency of Cultural Heritage have stated that the Caracalla Thermal Baths, in Rome, have suffered damages due to the earthquake. Other Roman monuments in Rome have not suffered damages.


The Winsted, Connecticut reference article from the English Wikipedia on 24-Apr-2004
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Winsted, Connecticut
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Winsted is a town located in Litchfield County, Connecticut. As of the 2000 census, the town had a total population of 7,321.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 12.5 km² (4.8 mi²). 12.1 km² (4.7 mi²) of it is land and 0.4 km² (0.2 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 3.31% water.
As of the census of 2000, there are 7,321 people, 3,072 households, and 1,889 families residing in the town. The population density is 604.0/km² (1,563.6/mi²). There are 3,370 housing units at an average density of 278.0/km² (719.7/mi²). The racial makeup of the town is 93.28% White, 1.53% African American, 0.23% Native American, 1.12% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 2.20% from other races, and 1.63% from two or more races. 4.02% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There are 3,072 households out of which 27.6% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.9% are married couples living together, 12.0% have a female householder with no husband present, and 38.5% are non-families. 31.3% of all households are made up of individuals and 14.0% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.36 and the average family size is 2.98.
In the town the population is spread out with 23.5% under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 29.0% from 25 to 44, 23.4% from 45 to 64, and 16.5% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 39 years. For every 100 females there are 90.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 86.7 males.
The median income for a household in the town is $40,202, and the median income for a family is $51,044. Males have a median income of $37,837 versus $25,990 for females. The per capita income for the town is $19,804. 7.3% of the population and 4.3% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 9.2% are under the age of 18 and 7.9% are 65 or older.


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The declaration was issued on the advice of the Council of Ministers (COM).
The Declaration of State of Emergency Order No. 70 of 2020, states:
"In Exercise of the powers conferred on me by subsection 32(1) of the Disaster Risk Management Act Mo. 23 of 2019, I, His Excellency Tallis Obed Moses, President of the Republic of Vanuatu, on the advice of the Council of Ministers, make the following Declaration of State of Emergency.
"1. Extension of the Declaration of State of Emergency
Due to the severe impacts of Tropical Cyclone Harold and continuous global outbreak of COVID-19, an extension of the Declaration of State of Emergency is declared throughout the whole of Vanuatu.
"2. Period of State of Emergency
This extension of the Declaration of State of Emergency is for a period of 30 days from the date on which is made.
This Declaration of State of Emergency commences on the day on which it is made.
Vanuatu is taking every steps to ensure it minimizes every risks because it is one of the only countries in the world now that is still free from the deadly virus, the COVID-19.


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Active Passage, Saturna Group, Looking West
The Northwest Boundary Survey of 1857-61 was a joint U.S.-British project to survey the border between the United States and Canada from the crest of the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean. Carried out jointly by American and British experts, it involved four years of strenuous work in rugged and heavily forested terrain. James Madison Alden (_PHONE_) was a Massachusetts artist who, in 1854, enlisted in the U.S. Navy and worked as a cartographer on a project to chart the California coast. In January 1858, Alden became...


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A lot of people can think that navy beans are unimpressive and ordinary beans but they have many health benefits that are vital for our health such as lower diabetes risk, stimulate growth, reduce cancer risk, promote healthy circulation, optimize digestion, protect your heart and have ability to boost memory and cognition. Navy beans are also known as pea bean and haricot bean. They can be added in salads or soups. The scientific name of navy beans is Phaseolus vulgaris. This is one of the most common beans that are found in America. They are ease for growth and also they have rich nutritive value. They are popular all around the world.
Circulatory system: It is very important to keep our blood flow in normal levels. This means that you will have normal function of your body and also the oxygenation of our organ systems will be normal. We know that the iron is one of the most important elements for the red blood cells. When we get enough amounts of iron in our bodies, then we have decreased chances to have poor circulation, fatigue, bone mineral loss, weakness and anemia. One of the most important components for the synthesis of hemoglobin is the copper which also can be found in the navy beans. This means that you should add navy beans in your diet because it has iron and copper in high amounts.
Growth and repair: Navy beans are rich with protein. We know that the protein content is very important for our bodies because it is building block of all our lives. This means that we can have normal growth of new cells, bones, muscles, blood vessels, tissues and any other part of our bodies. We should consume enough amounts of protein because it can help us to have normal development. Also this element can speed up the healing process and it can help us to repair the damaged areas of our bodies. People who are vegetarians should add navy beans in their diets because as we have said previously it is rich with protein. In one single cup of navy beans there are more than 15 grams of protein.
Antioxidant activity: The most important key cofactor for many antioxidant enzymes is the manganese. This element can help you to stop the spreading process of the free radicals in your body. This can help you to lower the risk of chronic illness and cancer. Also these beans have copper which can stimulate the joint mobility, blood flow and overall flexibility because it can reduce the oxidative stress in the mentioned areas.
Digestive issues: Navy beans are rich with fiber. This is the key factor to have normal gastrointestinal health. This element can bulk up the stool and also it can prevent the symptoms of diarrhea and constipation. Also when you add fiber in your diet you will have normal bowel movement because this component is stimulating the peristaltic motion. When you have normal fiber diet, then this can clean your intestines and also this element can prevent you from gastric ulcers and colon cancer which are serious gastrointestinal issues.
Heart health: Navy beans are rich with a folate and magnesium which can keep your heart protected and strong. The hymocysteine is a dangerous precursor to heart disease and when we add navy beans in our diets, then the folate content can decrease the levels of hymocysteine. Also these beans have magnesium as their component which has the same function as the potassium. This element reduces the stress and tension in your blood vessels which can lower the blood pressure and lessen exertion. Also this can help you to have decreased chances for getting strokes and heart attacks.
Memory and cognition: Navy beans are rich with a folate. This is one of the most important elements for preventing anemia and neural tube defects. Also this element can help your nervous system to function properly. When you have decreased levels of folate in your body, then this leads to increased levels of homocysteine. Then, this can lead to Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Also navy beans have B vitamins which can improve your memory and cognition.


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Artifact Pick of the Week: Sikorsky UH-3H Sea King
The Sikorsky Sea King was developed for the U.S. Navy and was utilized for its ability to track and destroy submarines. With a folding tail and rotor blades, the Sea King could operate from destroyers and aircraft carriers to protect a fleet. It also featured a "dipping" sonar to listen for submarines or torpedoes. The helicopter's hull was akin to that of a boat, meaning that it could float on water. This function proved helpful for search and rescue work. Sea Kings also transported astronauts after spaceflights in the 1960s and 70s and served the President of the United States as Marine One.
The Sea King located in the Evergreen Space Museum served the U.S. Navy. It is on loan from the National Museum of Naval Aviation.


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Ready, Steady, Practise! at
Thatcham Park Primary School
Mrs Sheen's Year 5 lesson for multiplying and dividing by 10, 100 and 1000 using the Ready, Steady, Practise! Mental Arithmetic pupil books.
After Mrs Sheen models the concept on the place value grid, the children return to their desks and - depending on how confident they feel - pick which activity they'd like to try from the differentiated exercises in Ready, Steady, Practise!"As a school we try to encourage the children to choose their own activity – this stretches them, as if they feel confident they can go for a more difficult exercise."
Using the books
The children work on their exercises, comparing with their neighbours and getting help from Mrs Sheen or her Teaching Assistant. They then choose a new harder or easier exercise depending on how they're getting along."It makes it easier to have ready to use exercises for the lessons. We often use the books in intervention groups too. They're easy to work from and the children seem to really enjoy using them."
Mrs Sheen puts the answers at the front of the class so the children can mark their own work. The children huddle around and compare marks, then write down how they feel about the exercise.
"We encourage the children to asses themselves and decide whether they've understood the concept or need more help."


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From Guild Wars Wiki
- Concise description
Touch Skill. Target foe kowtows before you and takes 80 damage.
Automatically equipped upon entry to Dragon Arena.
- This skill knocks down the target.
- This skill activates faster than Dragon Blast, so it is useful at close distances.
- The word kowtow is a Chinese term that refers to kneeling and bowing so low that your head touches the ground.


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Join the Directory
To join the Alumni Email Directory, you will need to:
- Read and agree to certain policies.
- Complete an information form.
- Allow minimum 2 working days for verification. You will then receive
an email acknowledging your access.
Please read these policies.
- This email directory is for Waldorf alumni only.
- This email directory is for the sole purpose of connecting classmates
- To have access to the email directory, you must have your email address
- This email directory cannot be used for mass email distribution.
For example, it cannot be used for business purposes, selling items,
or personal promotion of ideas or beliefs.
- Each alum is responsible for maintaining their correct email address.
Waldorf reserves the rights to occasionally send out a mass email to
the entire directory for the purpose of determining if any of the email
addresses are outdated.
- If your email address becomes outdated and Waldorf is not notified,
your access to the email directory will be terminated.
- You cannot copy this email directory to sell or give to another person,
business, institution or organization.
- Please allow two working days to respond to password requests or complaints.
Note: You must be using a "cookie
enabled" browser to access the directory. If you have disabled cookie
use in your browser, you must enable it before logging in. -more


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Cubs Disability Awareness Activity Badge
Cubs Disability Awareness Activity Badge
As Scouts we believe in inclusion, which means everyone is welcome and nobody gets left out. Play your part by learning about additional needs and disabilities.
How to earn your badge: Choose one thing to do from each of the four lists.
 1. Disability awareness
 1. Explain what a disability is. What are the different types of disability?
 2. Research a famous person with a disability.
 Make a poster or write about their life and achievements.
 3. Visit a local community building like a library, town hall or cinema. How accessible is it for someone with a disability?
 Write down what you find out.
 4. Show how you could help someone with a disability to make the Cub Promise.
 Think of a different example to the ones in steps 2, 3 or 4.
 2. Physical disability awareness
 1. Find out about two different aids that can assist a disabled person. How do they help? You could find out about things like wheelchairs, computers, rising chairs or adapted cars.
 2. Find out about three ways to make it easier for a wheelchair user to use public places, like shops, parks, hospitals or libraries. How could your meeting place be made better for a wheelchair user?
 3. Make a sandwich using only one hand or draw a picture using only your feet to hold the pen.
 3. Deaf awareness
 1. Learn the alphabet using fingerspelling. Show you understand a word communicated to you using fingerspelling.
 2. Learn a song in Makaton or British Sign Language.
 3. Explain what equipment a deaf person might use in the home. You might look at special features on things like fire alarms, telephones or TVs.
 4. Show how you would approach a deaf person and speak to them so they can lip-read.
 4. Sight awareness
 1. Describe two different ways a blind or visually impaired person can read. You could talk about how they would use computers, Braille or Moon.
 2. Explain what guide dogs for blind people do. How are they trained?
 3. Learn and read your name in Braille.
 4. Show how to approach a blind or visually impaired person. How would you identify yourself?
January 2015.
Looking for activities for this badge


Tolkien Gateway
Neekerbreekers were large and loud insects related to crickets. They dwelt in the Midgewater Marshes and squeaked all through the night, calling "neek-breek, breek-neek". Sam Gamgee gave them the name 'Neekerbreekers'.[1]
[edit] Etymology
Neekerbreekers were named so because of their sound, perhaps like that of a cricket.[2]
[edit] External links


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Collaborative Public Management: New Strategies for Local Governments
Local governments do not stand aloneâ€"they find themselves in new relationships not only with state and federal government, but often with a widening spectrum of other public and private organizations as well. The result of this re-forming of local governments calls for new collaborations and managerial responses that occur in addition to governmental and bureaucratic processes-as-usual, bringing locally generated strategies or what the authors call "jurisdiction-based management" into play. Based on an extensive study of 237 cities within five states, Collaborative Public Management provides an in-depth look at how city officials work with other governments and organizations to develop their city economies and what makes these collaborations work. Exploring the more complex nature of collaboration across jurisdictions, governments, and sectors, Agranoff and McGuire illustrate how public managers address complex problems through strategic partnerships, networks, contractual relationships, alliances, committees, coalitions, consortia, and councils as they function together to meet public demands through other government agencies, nonprofit associations, for-profit entities, and many other types of nongovernmental organizations. Beyond the "how" and "why," Collaborative Public Management identifies the importance of different managerial approaches by breaking them down into parts and sequences, and describing the many kinds of collaborative activities and processes that allow local governments to function in new ways to address the most nettlesome public challenges.
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The definition of a mime is a performer who expresses himself using body movements and no words.(noun)
An example of a mime is the French actor Marcel Marceau's character Bip the Clown.
Mime is defined as to perform using only body movements and no words.(verb)
An example of mime is crouching down while putting your hands on all four sides and on top of you, as if you're trapped in a box.
See mime in Webster's New World College Dictionary
Origin: L mimus < Gr mimos, imitator, actor
See mime in American Heritage Dictionary 4
Origin: Latin mīmus
Origin:, from Greek mīmos.
Origin: M(ultipurpose) I(nternet) M(ail) E(xtensions).
Learn more about mime


Brett Anderson's Height
Brett Anderson's height is 6 feet and 0 inches. That's 72 inches tall.
Or in metric units, Brett Anderson is 183 centimetres. That's 1 metre and 83 centimetres.
Brett's Name
Did you know that the name Brett was the 672nd most popular boy's name in 2013 and that around 2 in every 10,000 baby boys were named Brett at their birth.
People The Same Height As Brett Anderson
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