Why Are AirPods So Expensive & Overpriced?
If you have been looking for a new pair of wireless earbuds, you have most likely looked at the most popular pair on the market, Apple's AirPods.
These wireless earbuds were first released in 2016 and have remained a market leader ever since. But there is also a question many have asked since then, why are AirPods so overpriced? AirPods are consistently rated as a high-quality product, but what about them justifies charging $159? Is the sound that much better than better-known headphone producers such as Bose, JBL, or Beats by Dre?
This article will discuss why AirPods are so expensive, and why customers continue to buy them.
What Is So Attractive About AirPods?
AirPods in hand
With so many earbud options flooding the market, what is it about AirPods that make them so irresistible? The simplest answer is that over the last two decades Apple has become one of, if not the most, influential technology companies in the world.
Owning Apple products can be a status symbol for many customers. The iconic Apple logo on a computer or smartphone gives it an instant appeal to many people, because of what the brand represents. It also gives an instant jump in the price of the product.
The AirPods are no different. Customers love the sleek design and familiar style Apple uses with all their technology.
Bluetooth headphones have been around since 2004. Since then, they have become more popular as Bluetooth capabilities in smartphones have increased. With increases in battery life, sound quality, and on-the-go charging there are many reasons to love wireless earbuds. It isn't hard to see why over the last decade they seem to almost completely eliminate the use of wired headphones.
Apple, noticing this trend, was one of the first phone producers to completely get rid of the headphone jack with their iPhone 7 in 2016. Opting instead for a single Lightning connector. The announcement was not met with overall positivity by a large portion of their customers.
Many customers were still using wired headphones and resisted the idea of a dongle becoming necessary to listen to music. But Apple had a plan. A few months after the release of the iPhone 7, the tech giant debuted their now-iconic pair of headphones, the AirPods.
When Apple first released AirPods they put a large amount of money into advertising their wireless headphones. Commercials aired around the world, and their popularity soared. They sold millions of pairs, and since the first generation in 2016, Apple has released a new model almost every year, much like they do with their phones.
How expensive are AirPods' newest generations? The newest pair of AirPods Pro cost $249, $100 more than the original AirPods, making them one of the most expensive earbuds available. With newer generations available every year it allows Apple to create more demand for newer products. It also makes many customers feel a need for the newest design on the market, even if older generations still work fine.
The new AirPods Pro model does come with more features than the original, such as sweat resistance, and active noise cancellation. But it also comes with a large price increase. All of these features can be found in other earbuds, yet Apple continues to outsell all its' competition.
How Much Do AirPods Cost to Make?
How Much Do AirPods Cost to Make
With such a high price point, you may ask "How much does it cost to make AirPods?". The estimated cost of production, per pair, is $59-69. That means for every pair that Apple sells, they earn about $90-100. In 2019, Apple sold nearly 60 million pairs of AirPods. This means they turned a gross profit of almost $5 billion last year. They also controlled over 60% of the world's wireless earbud market. No other earbud comprised more than 10% of the remaining total sales.
With such a stranglehold on the market, it looks difficult for any other earbud to reach the heights AirPods has. Apple sees this as an opportunity to continue growing its earbud business and doesn't plan to slow down anytime soon.
With iPhone sales starting to slow down year to year, Apple sees AirPods as a way to keep profits rising for the foreseeable future. Since their growth in popularity imitation AirPods have begun flooding the market. In fact, if you type fake AirPods into an Amazon marketplace search there are over 50,000 results that come back.
However, most of these imposters seem to only aim for copying the classic all-white design and lack sound quality. It appears that every earbud on the market is playing catch up with the AirPods, and nothing can slow down the originals.
Outside of the status symbol of wearing a cool pair of white cordless headphones, what made AirPods special? Why are AirPods so expensive, and increasing in price each generation?
From a technology standpoint, they do offer greater compatibility with Apple products— something that other headphone producers cannot match. Users who own multiple Apple products love the ease of use across platforms. They are willing to pay the difference to keep all their technology the same brand.
However, from a sound perspective, AirPods do not offer the best quality-to-price ratio. Wireless earbuds from well-known producers such as Beats, Bose, and Jabra all offer great options at a range of prices. If you still want a name that you can trust and a better price, it is easy to find alternatives.
Bottom Line
Apple's devices
The popularity of AirPods has exploded since its release in 2016. Pairs have sold all over the world and appear to be becoming more popular each year. Although, with a high price point there are cheaper alternatives available that offer better sound quality.
AirPods are about the status symbol, but now you can get a lookalike pair for a third of the price. When they first came to market, they were unique, but the competition has now caught up. With so many options on the market now, unless you want to pay for the brand you can find earbuds elsewhere.
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The Red Beauty spinach variety produces stunning red-striped edible leaves suitable for both raw and cooked applications. It is a common vegetable in Chinese and Vietnamese cuisine, and the red leaves impart a bright red hue to the dish. Unlike many other greens, such as mustard and spinach, beauty spinach thrives in heat, so once your cool-weather greens are finished, heat-loving beauty spinach can provide you with delicious, highly nutritious greens. The seeds are also edible and have a high protein content. Beauty spinach leaves are three times as calciumand niacin-dense as spinach leaves.
Benefits/Uses of Beauty spinach Leaves
- Beauty spinach leaves are a stock of essential phytonutrients and antioxidants that reduce bodily inflammation and add additional nutrition to your wellbeing.
- They contain trace amounts of fat and have no cholesterol, making them a safe go-to food choice for anyone watching their weight or trying to lose it.
- Beauty spinach is a good source of protein and fiber, which can help suppress appetite and aid in weight loss.
- Beauty spinach is beneficial for anemic individuals and increases immunity.
- Vitamin A, Vitamin K, B vitamins, and potassium are abundant in beauty spinach leaves.
- The seeds of the beauty spinach plant are ground into flour and used as a grain. It is a protein-rich flour that is entirely gluten-free, making it extremely useful for those that suffer from gluten intolerance.
- The leaves and grain of beauty spinach are protein-dense, surpassing even oats as a protein-dense grain.
- Beauty spinach leaves are well-known for their ability to reduce bad cholesterol, which is linked to various cardiovascular issues.
- Beauty spinach leaves are calcium-dense, making them helpful for osteoporosis and other bone-related health issues.
- Since beauty spinach leaves are gentle on the digestive system, they are recommended for those recovering from illness or fasting. The leaves of beauty spinach are beneficial in treating diarrhea and hemorrhages. Consumption regularly has been shown to support digestion.
Specifications of Beauty Spinach seeds
Beauty Spinach, Pattu Cheera
Prefers soil rich in Nitrogen and Phosphorous
Amend poor soils well with compost, manure, or peat moss
All seasons when the plants grow 1 to 2 feet tall
|No. of seeds||1000+|
Planting and care of Beauty Spinach seeds
Sowing of Beauty Spinach seeds
- Beauty spinach seeds are fragile.
- Consider mixing the seeds with coarse-grained sand when sowing to aid in their even distribution. Split the seeds on the surface of a finely tilled seedbed into spinach pouches and rip them gently.
- It is not essential to plant in rows or trenches because the plants are harvested before they mature.
- The seeds will be watered in and supplied each week in drought periods with an inch of water.
- While beauty spinach is drought resistant, consistent moisture levels result in increased production.
Growing of Beauty Spinach
- Nitrogen and phosphorus are sensitive to beauty spinach.
- Plants grown in garden soils averaged 4 to 6 meters in the spinach pouch, while plants grown in rich soil or compost can reach over 8 feet.
- A well-drained loam is ideal, but both plants thrive in all but the most poorly aerated clay soils.
- You can directly seed beauty spinach seeds into your spinach grow bags.
- Notice that spinach beauty plants are frost-prone. Spinach beauty enjoys warm temperatures.
- Seeds should be sowed early in the season, and soil covered slightly.
- Seeds or seedlings should be spaced 10-12" apart.
- They tolerate small crowds and look fine in groups or clumps.
Harvesting of Beauty Spinach leaves
- In seven to fourteen days, the seeds will sprout.
- After a few days, harvest the tiny sprouts with their first pair of true leaves for use as microgreens. However, for optimal production, allow the plants to reach a height of 1 to 2 feet before harvesting.
- Cut the whole plant a few inches above ground level to harvest young beauty spinach greens.
- Frequently, the plant may resprout and grow a second, third, or even fourth crop of greens. Since beauty spinach is a heat-tolerant crop, this method allows for continuous fresh greens production during the summer.
- Enable certain plants to continue growing and flowering if they grow faster than the shoots can be used.
- You may also harvest stalks from mature plants, but the leaves must be thoroughly cooked and the stems peeled. Tenderness is greater in young shoots.
Precautions while growing Beauty Spinach
To keep beauty spinach fresh until it is used in the kitchen or to sell fresh beauty spinach greens at a sale, gather the cut stalks into bunches and store them upright in suitable containers filled with an inch or two of water. The shoots can remain fresh for five to seven days or longer if the foliage is misted with water regularly to prevent it from drying out.
Common problems affecting Beauty Spinach and solutions
Beauty spinach is susceptible to a number of the same pests and diseases as other vegetables. Aphids and flea beetles are prevalent; insecticidal soaps and neem cakes are effective against the former while floating row covers protect the latter. Avoid using commercial pesticides that contain a "wait to choose" or another form of consumption alert. Numerous pesticides are broad-spectrum, designed to kill various insects, and can contain ingredients that are not intended for human consumption.
Root rot can also be a concern in warm, dense soils or during periods of heavy rainfall. Once root rot develops, it is necessary to extract the plant. Your best protection against this problem is to keep the soil well-drained and to avoid overwatering the plant.
No. of Beauty Spinach Seeds - 500+
- Mix 10 grams of pseudomonas powder in water and make it as a loose paste.
- Add the seeds to the solution and soak it for 30 minutes.
- Take a seedling tray and fill it with our potting soil.
- Sow the seeds at 1/2 inch (small seeds) or 1 inch depth (big seeds) and water them using our watering can.(Rough watering or exposure to rain may dislocate the seeds and affect germination).
- The soil should be wet and it shouldn't get dry or soggy. Water when the top soil dries out.
- Place the seedling tray in a warm spot (15°C - 21°C) until germination (it will take 4 to 21 days).
- After germination seedlings need a lot of sunlight. Transfer the seedlings to the grow bags when they have 1 - 2 sets of true leaves.
All orders placed will be shipped within 24 hours (except on Sundays). Orders placed before 12pm will be shipped the same day.
Shipping is free for all orders above ₹999
Orders below ₹999 will incur a modest ₹59 shipping cost.
All orchids ships for FREE. Please note that we might need up to 2-3 business days to properly dry and pack the plant and ship them.
Products will be shipped via DTDC, Delhivery or India Post and will be delivered within 5-7 business days.
COD is available PAN India for orders above ₹499 and only for selected non-perishable products. Extra COD charge will apply.
I have been ordering multiple things from grow bags, sampling trays, seeds, fertilizers and I would say the best experience with awesome products with great quality and reasonable pricing.
good near total germination in 7 days. seedling bright red with full of promise.
Good product. Quick and almost full germination
The seeds are good with high germination..Seeds started to germinate in 3 days..yet to see the final result.Packing is good.
It has been just a few days and the germination rate is really impressive - the small seedlings have already appeared in their typical red and maroon shade. It will take a few more days before the actual plant starts taking shape and at that point, I plan to turn this 4-star rating into a 5 star. Packaging and the amount of seed delivered for the price was also impressive. If they can find a way to reduce the shipping logistics, this would become an EXCELLENT place to shop for gardening supplies, especially seeds and planters.

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Magazine, website & books written by teens since 1989
Teachers say, 'Jessi, you're late; you are getting a detention.' Why do teachers give students detention? What if students are late to school? I believe that if students at Appleton West High School don't follow the rules, they should have consequences. I think this is a good way to make a student a better person and to prepare them for the future. For example, in a work environment, there is a certain time employees need to be at work and if they're not there on time, they will get fired. So I think getting detentions is a good way to help students prepare for the future.
My first reason why students should get a detention is if students are disrespectful in class. I think they should respect the adults and even classmates because being at school helps you get ready for the future. I think by giving them a detention they will learn that they need to give respect to others. They learn that is a way for them to pay for their bad actions. I've seen many students change and not repeat what they had done wrong.
My second reason why students should get a detention is for skipping school. I strongly believe that students who are skipping school have an unexcused absence, need to serve a detention. If they want to be absent for something that will help them in later years, then they shouldn't even go to school. I think it's not a good idea to skip school for no good reason.
My third reason why students should get detentions is for fighting. Fighting doesn't solve anyone's problems; it causes more problems to the situation. People can get hurt and you don't want that at school. Giving someone a detention for fighting will help them think about their manner in a more mature way. I think detentions help them in the real life because if they fight, they can get in to more serious trouble and go to jail.
When students do something wrong, they need to be responsible because outside of school there are bigger consequences. By having detentions, it is a way to learn and prepare for real life situations.
Join the Discussion
This article has 3 comments. Post your own now!
RyleeNixon said...
Feb. 28, 2013 at 4:20 pm
But detentions can cause kids to get worse than they already are. I know a kid that is trying to get as many detentions as possible because detentions don't really do anything to help. They just make kids mad and do it again and again. Teens are at a rebellious age. They are not going to want to listen. Sure they should do all the right stuff but it doesn't mean they are going to.
mookid replied...
Apr. 9, 2013 at 3:10 am
Your right. Nearly everyone in my class does this. it annoys the heck out of me! Ugh!
micgancole said...
Dec. 19, 2012 at 9:19 pm
I like it! ;)
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Psychologist World
Leading Questions: How Interviewers Influence Eyewitness Testimonies
Leading Questions: How Interviewers Influence Eyewitness Testimonies
A leading question is one which leads or persuades a person towards giving a particular response. The way in which a question is 'framed' - the use of particular wording and limiting the range of acceptable answers - can direct a person to giving an answer that lacks the accuracy of one provided in response to an open-ended question.
For example, the following question may be considered to be leading:
Did you see the man in the black-and-white overalls?
The use of the definite article in the question ("the man" instead of "a man") implies that there was a man in black and white overalls. The respondent may be inclined to positively confirm their sighting of such a man, as they may assume that the man was definitely present, but they may have missed him by their own lack of observance. In reality, however, the man may not have been on the scene or existed at all.
The use of leading questions has wide-ranging implications in numerous aspects of life, and raises doubts as to the reliability of some court convictions where an eyewitness testimony may have been influenced by biased interviewing techniques.
The framing of questions can also be crucial to referendum results, in which voters may be inclined to vote for a particular outcome depending on the wording of the question printed on their ballot paper.
Research in the early 1970s, led by cognitive psychologist Elizabeth Loftus, brought attention to the reliability of eyewitness testimonies, demonstrating that an interviewer could influence interviewees' responses by manipulating the phrasing of a question. In an oft-cited 1974 experiment, she found that witnesses to a car crash could be persuaded to testify to false memories, such as seeing a car travel at different speeds, depending on the wording used to describe the resulting crash. Assumptions regarding the severity of the crash, suggested in question wording, act as a kind of retrospective interference on witnesses' memories of an event (Loftus and Palmer, 1974).
Types of Leading Question
Leading questions can solicit a particular response using a number of methods. Phrasing may be adjusted to suggest a particular answer, or the interviewer may limit the range of permissible responses, sometimes excluding the natural answer of the respondent. Examples include:
 - Did you steal Jack's cake?
 - Were you at the club?
Leading vs Loaded Questions
Whilst a leading question leads a person to give a particular answer, a loaded question (also known as a complex question) contains the assumption that one or more additional assertions are true. For instance, the assumption that a defendant was at a crime scene may be made by reference to it in a loaded question:
 - Why did you steal the cake from the shop?
 Here, the act of cake theft is assumed not questioned - but the motive for it is.
 - At what time last night did you drive away in the getaway car?
 The interviewer refers to the person driving away in the getaway car in their request for a time.
 - What were the two of you arguing about that ended in you hitting him?
 The interviewee is implied to have hit a victim without him/her having confessed to it.
In their answer, the respondent is expected to share the assumed fact with the interviewer without questioning it.
A tag question may be used to suggest a fact or opinion, and then ask that the respondent confirms it:
 - You were at the club on Friday, weren't you?
 - The fireworks are great, aren't they?
Closed-Ended Questions
Whilst open-ended questions (e.g. "Where were you last night") invite any response, closed-ended questions lead the respondent to a limited choice of answers.
A dichotomous question offers one of two responses, e.g. "yes or no", "true or false", "good or bad", omitting more nuanced answers.
Multiple choice questions provide a wider range of answers for a respondent to choose from, but can still lead them to a particular set of responses:
What is your favorite flavor of ice cream: strawberry, vanilla, neapolitan or chocolate?
The question above would prevent lovers of toffee ice cream from reporting their preference accurately. Authors of questionnaires which use multiple choice questions, such as those involved in market research, must take care not to influence or lead participants in such a way that their responses could be skewed.
Referendum Question Framing
The framing of questions can be a significant issue for those assessing referenda. Prior to the 2015 Scottish independence referendum, the Scottish government (in favor of independence) proposed that the following question be presented to voters:
"Do you agree that Scotland should be an independent country? Yes/No" (Electoral Commission, 2013)
The Electoral Commission objected to the phrasing of the question, suggesting that "the words 'Do you agree' potentially encouraged people to vote 'yes' and should be replaced by more neutral wording". Ultimately, the leading question was replaced with:
"Should Scotland be an independent country? Yes/No" (Electoral Commission, 2013)
Leading upto the 2016 referendum on European Union membership, the Electoral Commission again took the view that the proposed question could lead respondents to give a particular answer.
A yes/no question was proposed: "Should the United Kingdom remain a member of the European Union?" However, this was again contested as favoring a confirmatory 'remain' vote, and the government accepted that the question should be replaced with, "Should the United Kingdom remain a member of the European Union or leave the European Union?". Voters were given two options - to "Remain a member of the European Union" or to "Leave the European Union" (Electoral Commission, 2015).
Cognitive Interviews
In the 1980s, amidst fears that police questioning techniques were producing inaccurate or unreliable eyewitness testimonies, an alternative set of methods were proposed for use during interviews, with the intention that the undue influence of leading questions on witnesses' recollection of events could be reduced.
In a 1985 paper, R. Edward Geiselman suggested that witnesses be encouraged to relive a previous event, recalling unrelated facts regarding a crime scene, such as the weather and any passers-by, so that they may more accurately experience and recall memories specific to a particular crime.
Along with further suggestions, this was termed the 'cognitive interview', and was found to produce more accurate recollections of events than standard interview methods. The suggestions made in the cognitive interview have had a lasting impact on modern police techniques used during eyewitness interviews (Geiselman, Fisher et al, 1985).
Questioning Techniques
Intentionally or accidentally, leading questions can impact on the testimonies provided by eyewitnesses in trials, influence referendum outcomes and affect the accuracy of survey results. Beyond the phrasing of questions, a number of other factors can also affect the answers given to questions.
The environment in which questions are asked can weigh on respondents' behavior. In a series of group conformity experiments, psychologist Solomon Asch asked a group people to respond individually to an obvious question. When confederates in the group provided an incorrect answer, genuine participants tended to follow them, for fear of deviating from the social norm and being disproven (Asch, 1955). Asch demonstrated that we often take into account the responses of our peers when considering our own answers to questions, even when we feel that fellow respondents are mistaken.
By building a rapport with a respondent, interviewers can also solicit a desired response to a specific question.
Using a method known as the foot-in-the-door technique, if an interview can persuade a person to respond positively to a series of questions, they are more likely to be able to solicit a 'yes' answer to a further question. The technique was tested in an experiment by Jonathan Freedman and Scott Fraser of Stanford University in 1966, and may explain why so-called 'cold-callers' who make unsolicited sales calls tend to ask friendly questions that a person would be inclined to agree with, prior to inviting them to sign up for a service or order a product (Freedman and Fraser, 1966).
 1. Loftus, E.F. and Palmer, J.C. (1974). Reconstruction of automobile destruction: An example of the interaction between language and memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior. 13(5). 585-589.
 2. Electoral Commission (2013). Electoral Commission publishes its assessment of Scottish independence referendum question and its advice on campaign spending limits. Retrieved from _URL_
 3. Electoral Commission (2015). Referendum on membership of the European Union: Assessment of the Electoral Commission on the proposed referendum question. Retrieved from _URL_
 4. Geiselman, R.E., Fisher, R.P., MacKinnon, D.P. and Holland, H.L. (1985). Eyewitness Memory Enhancement in the Police Interview: Cognitive Retrieval Mnemonics Versus Hypnosis. Journal of Applied Psychology. 70(2). 401-412.
 5. Asch, S.E. (1955). Opinions and Social Pressure. Scientific American. 193(


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Conditions of Use
· What did you observe when the salt and water were combined?
· How did the water and the salt change when they were combined in the cup?
· How did measurement help you describe the changes?
· The salt went to the bottom of the cup until you stirred it, then it dissolved. If you put enough salt in it either took a while to dissolve or it didn't dissolve at all.
· The salt made the water slightly foggy until it settled down or got stirred up. The salt "disappeared" or dissolved when stirred enough.
· Measurement helped by telling if the water weighed more or the water level went up.
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This Is a Man's World? Changes in Disposable Income Predict Sex Ratio at Birth
Ohto Kanninen, Labour Institute for Economic Research, Finland
Aleksi Karhula, University of Turku
The human sex ratio at birth (SRB) is long known to be relatively constant globally at around 107 boys born for every 100 girls. However, SRB has been rising until the World War II and declining after it in most industrial countries. Recent studies have shown that SRB varies according to exposure to chemicals and socioeconomic conditions. Here we show that changes in disposable income are positively associated with SRB in OECD countries. This is the first evidence to show that economic and social conditions influence SRB even at the macro level. This open up the field for studying the effects of social forces on phenomena that are traditionally considered to be entirely biologically determined.
Presented in Poster Session 3: Fertility Intentions and Behaviors


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Only 1 week until the inaugural National Health & PE Day
29th Aug 12
There is only 1 week to go until the inaugural National Health and Physical Education Day on Wednesday September 5.
National Health & Physical Education Day promotes the importance of H&PE in the Australian Curriculum, and highlights the importance of H&PE to the learning and development of children and young people. It will be a day for your school to showcase its successful H&PE program.
Schools can still be involved in National Health & Physical Education Day celebrations. The best way to celebrate is to take part in the adidas Run Around the World event. All students need to do is run, jog, or walk at least 1km each on the day. Already we have more than 600 schools & 150,000 students registered to take part - that equates to over 3 laps around the world!
Read more here.
Media, view the Media Release here.


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Forecast shows Eastern Wash. water demand to grow
Wednesday, September 7, 2011
RICHLAND, Wash. (AP) -- A preliminary report shows that agricultural and municipal water demands in the Columbia River basin are likely to increase more than water supplies over the next 20 years.
The increased demand can be attributed to influences of climate change, population growth and economic trends.
The state Department of Ecology is conducting three workshops this week to discuss the report that was required by the Legislature under a 2006 bill that appropriated $200 million to improve water storage and conservation. A final report is due to lawmakers in November.
Farmers and other water users in Thursday's meeting in Richland said they believe the report should better reflect the positive economic impacts, such as job creation, from increasing water use.


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Volume 15 (2017) Issue 8 Pages 397-406
This study presents a new bond model based on the deterioration mechanisms observed during uniaxial tensile tests of reinforced concrete prismatic specimens subjected to freeze-thaw cycles. The test results demonstrated that the bond stress reduced, even though the specimens were exposed only to temperature fluctuation without the damage in concrete cover. The proposed model considers the bond deterioration mechanism caused by the temperature fluctuation in addition to the damage in concrete cover. Finally, the proposed model shows good agreement with the test results regardless of the dominant deterioration mechanism.


10 Easy to Learn Skills That Will Save You Money
By Anthony Hall on 14 May 2014 2 comments
That Double Mocha Coconut Latte Colossus sprinkled with chocolate — and you don't think you can make this at home yourself? And save yourself a few bucks in the process?
Probably you can, but let's start with something that doesn't require an espresso machine. Here are some skills you can learn quickly that will help you save some big bucks in the long run.
1. Change Your Car's Oil
Cars have become increasingly complicated in the past 20 years. What's under the hood now resembles a small nuclear power plant. But changing the oil has not changed one iota. Usually the lowest component of the engine has a threaded plug you remove to let the oil out. You need a pan to catch the oil and a cheap specialty wrench to remove the oil filter. Refilling takes knowing the car's oil capacity and the ability to pour liquid into a funnel. That costs $15 to $40 around most of the country and takes less than a half hour. Three or more oil changes a year times 10 years, you save up to $1,200 in a decade at the cost of 15 hours of work.
2. Sew a Button
Button-down shirts cost $30 to $100 and up. Pants cost roughly the same. To sew a button and save an unnecessary throw-away, you need to learn how to thread a needle, tie a knot in the thread, and stick the needle through cloth. A button might take a total klutz 15 minutes or so, and it's a skill that almost teaches itself. If all else fails, trial and error costs nothing more than a little thread, 15 minutes and a few of those small, round bandaids. Piece of cake.
3. Give a Haircut
What does a trip to the hair stylist cost these days? Scissors, some forgiveness, practice or even just knowing how to change the depth setting on some electric clippers, and you can pretty much cut your hair yourself. (Just watch the ears, please.) That will save you an average of $25 per trim or $75 to $100 per year.
4. Make a Sandwich (Or Learn to Cook)
Americans spend an average of $936 per year or $18 per week on lunches bought in restaurants, a survey released in September 2013 by Visa said. So imagine what you could save just learning how to make one new interesting sandwich that would prompt you to cut that expenditure in half? Need some ideas? How about a different sandwich every day?
In addition, a consumer survey by AlixPartners, released in March said that 57% of American eat dinner in restaurants once a week, spending an average of $13.55 per meal or $704.60 per year. It's not free to eat at home, but you could still save plenty if you do. (See also: Cooking for Beginners)
5. Dog Grooming
You pay what to have someone shampoo your dog and give it a fluffy brushing? Anyone with bored kids at home and a dog that needs a bath is blowing an opportunity and money, too, by taking the dog to the mall to see a canine stylist. (And while we're on the subject, learning to clean a dog's teeth is not beyond the realm of possibilities, either.)
6. Read a Contract
True story: When I bought a house, I went to a seminar on "How To Buy A House," at a local bank and for a half an hour listened to a realtor tell the audience that it was seven steps past impossible to think about buying a home without a realtor. What do they do that is that hard? First, they are more impartial than the buyer or the seller, so they are useful as cool, calm, and collected brokers, but beyond that, here is their biggest skill: They know how to read. Well, it turns out the contract was in English, go figure, and I saved $6,000 by reading it myself, showing, in the end, one small paragraph that I didn't understand to a lawyer, and he gave me some advice on that, for free, because he was a friend and he owed me one.
7. Learn a Little Plumbing
Open the back of a toilet and a wondrous world of simple tinkering awaits you. Most of them have those float-arm things or one of those trip lever things — it really isn't rocket science to figure this out. Fixing a toilet is kind of like playing the game "Mousetrap," but partly submerged in water. Meanwhile, your local hardware store sells a trip lever for under $12, while "I've never seen a plumber under $80 per hour," a response on Yahoo! Answers says.
The situation gets more absurd when you call a plumber to fix a leaky sink, which requires replacing a rubber gasket that used to cost pennies. Yes, you usually need one of those wrenchy-thingies, but that doesn't sound too difficult to operate. (See also: Easy Plumbing Repairs That Don't Require a Plumber)
8. Design a Website
A plausible online story says that a small business in New York gave three Web development companies the same set of criteria and came up with bids of $2,800, $5,500 and $13,000 from the companies to do the work. And the same work can be done for free with one of the simpler web design programs, like PageBreeze, KompoZer, WordPress, and the like. Yes, not long ago it took a pro to code a website together, but nowadays if you can use Microsoft Office it is likely you can learn to create a website.
9. Negotiate
"How to negotiate" tapes and tutorials are easy to find and the outcome may be securing a bigger raise then you might have otherwise gotten or getting a better starting salary. Negotiating well can also save you hundreds of dollars on your next car and thousands of dollars on your next house. Some people have fair luck negotiating lower fees from doctors or for services around the house. When you learn a specific approach to negotiating, you might also try to negotiate in situations you might not have done so in the past, because you have a system that could boost your confidence. (See also: How to Negotiate With Confidence)
10. Tax Preparation
The National Society of Accountants did a survey in 2013 and found the average cost for tax preparation was just under $200 and the average return for taxpayers was about $260. Do you see the problem here? Of course, complicated business taxes are generally best handled by professionals, but it is possible to learn how to fill out your income tax return if it fairly straight forward, rather than giving most of your return to the a tax service — especially when there is so much help online for getting it done yourself.
Any easy to learn, money saving skills I've overlooked? Please share in comments — it's easy!
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I used to change my own oil. Now I always get deals for about $30 for 3 oil changes plus other auto services. Why pay more and do it yourself when you can pay less and do something else while someone else does the work?
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I had my boyfriend "teach" me to change my own oil. Of course he still crawls under the car to remove and install new filter while I just pour the new oil in from the top, lol. He does plumbing, electrical and carpentry jobs. And I showed him last repair job on the bathroom sink that this lady can solder, oh yes! I can shoot a rifle and a pistol, my Dad taught me, thank you Dad :)
We cook together rather than going out to eat junk and he cuts my hair for me. The above photo is for dramatics no doubt. My guy would take the shears from my hands, have me caped, section my hair and ask what I wanted before he would let me hack my hair. And I have him trained to clean up the clippings before I move, so there are no clippings tracked through the house.


text:
DocumentFragment is a "lightweight" or "minimal" Document object. It is very common to want to be able to extract a portion of a document's tree or to create a new fragment of a document. Imagine implementing a user command like cut or rearranging a document by moving fragments around. It is desirable to have an object which can hold such fragments and it is quite natural to use a Node for this purpose. While it is true that a Document object could fulfill this role, a Document object can potentially be a heavyweight object, depending on the underlying implementation. What is really needed for this is a very lightweight object. DocumentFragment is such an object.
Furthermore, various operations — such as inserting nodes as children of another Node — may take DocumentFragment objects as arguments; this results in all the child nodes of the DocumentFragment being moved to the child list of this node.
The children of a DocumentFragment node are zero or more nodes representing the tops of any sub-trees defining the structure of the document. DocumentFragment nodes do not need to be well-formed XML documents (although they do need to follow the rules imposed upon well-formed XML parsed entities, which can have multiple top nodes). For example, a DocumentFragment might have only one child and that child node could be a Text node. Such a structure model represents neither an HTML document nor a well-formed XML document.
When a DocumentFragment is inserted into a Document (or indeed any other Node that may take children) the children of the DocumentFragment and not the DocumentFragment itself are inserted into the Node. This makes the DocumentFragment very useful when the user wishes to create nodes that are siblings; the DocumentFragment acts as the parent of these nodes so that the user can use the standard methods from the Node interface, such as insertBefore and appendChild.
Direct Base Classes: AbstractContainerNode
Inherited Functions: addEventListener, appendChild, attributes, autoRelease, bubbleEvent, captureEvent, childNodes, cloneNode, copyNode, dispatchAttrModified, dispatchCharacterDataModified, dispatchEvent, dispatchNodeInserted, dispatchNodeInsertedIntoDocument, dispatchNodeRemoved, dispatchNodeRemovedFromDocument, dispatchSubtreeModified, duplicate, events, eventsSuspended, findAttribute, findElement, findNode, firstChild, getNodeByPath, getNodeByPathNS, getNodeValue, hasAttributeValue, hasAttributes, hasChildNodes, innerText, insertBefore, isSupported, lastChild, localName, namesAreEqual, namespaceURI, nextSibling, nodeName, nodeType, nodeValue, normalize, ownerDocument, parentNode, prefix, previousSibling, release, removeChild, removeEventListener, replaceChild, setNodeValue, setOwnerDocument
const XMLString & nodeName() const;
See also: Poco::XML::AbstractNode::nodeName()
unsigned short nodeType() const;
See also: Poco::XML::Node::nodeType()
See also: Poco::XML::AbstractNode::copyNode()


Dungeons and Dragons Wiki
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Ityak-Ortheel, commonly called the Elf Eater, is a fictitious creature in the Forgotten Realms setting. It dwells in the Abyss, waiting for the god Malar, the Beastlord, to summon it to Faerûn to destroy life.
Physical descriptionEdit
The Elf Eater is a thirty-foot-tall monstrosity that stands on three enormous, trunk-like legs. Its flesh is tannish-brown, and its midsection is a flat, round blob of flesh with an extremely hard, domed carapace resting atop it. The midsection is surrounded by forty tentacles, each a hundred feet long and lined by large suckers. Ityak-Ortheel can re-grow severed tentacles and legs. It can also instantly reattach a severed leg by holding it to the stump.
On Ityak-Ortheel's underside, protruding from between its three legs, is an enormous maw. The maw is toothless and constantly emits a slurping sound, with wet flaps of skin sucking in and out of the darkness within. The mouth is the color of blood and can expand to a great width or extend downward into a long snout similar to that of an anteater. Within the mouth, hard plates of cartilage constantly grind together. Ityak-Ortheel slowly digests the souls of those it devours, keeping it satisfied and tormenting those whom it devoured. This slow digestion lets the Elf Eater go for hundreds or thousands of years without eating.
Although the Elf Eater has no eyes or ears, it can sense all life within a radius of five miles. This sense can discern what kind of life that it is detecting, allowing Ityak-Ortheel to hunt down the elves it so hates.
Ityak-Ortheel was created early in Abeir-Toril's history. It was spawned from the mingled blood of Gruumsh, the supreme god of the orcs, and Corellon Larethian, the supreme deity of the elves. Ityak-Ortheel came into being in the aftermath of their titanic struggle, and it immediately fled to a deep layer of the Abyss, where it still lives in solitude.
Ityak-Ortheel cannot travel voluntarily between the planes, so it relies on Malar to transport it to the Material Plane to punish the elves, wreaking havoc and destruction.
Ityak-Ortheel once relied on other deities and powerful mortals to transport it from the Abyss. Now that Malar favors it as an instrument of terror, the Elf Eater has begun to visit Faerûn at least once per century, where it rampages around elf communities.
As a result of Ityak-Ortheel's tendency for terrorizing elves, the elves built a portal known as Fey-Alamtine on the isle of Gwynneth in the Moonshae Isles. This portal in the kingdom of Synnoria could be accessed by anyone with a platinum Alamtine triangle; every elf community on Faerûn was given one such triangle. When the Elf Eater attacked, entire elven villages and tribes would retreat to the Moonshaes, often going on to Evermeet from there. This plan worked for centuries; however, in 1365 DR (the Year of the Sword), Malar divined the location of the elves' portal and with the help of Talos the Destroyer sent Ityak-Ortheel through the portal, permanently destroying it. Thus, the Elf Eater rampaged across Gwynneth, the capital city of Chysalis, and the ancient Palace of Ages (Argen-Tellirynd) before being banished back to the Abyss by the human princess Alicia Kendrick of the Ffolk.
Ityak-Ortheel has not returned to Faerûn since its rampage across the island of Gwynneth, but with the reemergence of elves on the continent, some believe another rampage is imminent.
Malarite schemesEdit
A group of Malarites in the Forgotten Forest west of Evereska came across one of the Alamtine triangles that their god used to track down the portal of Fey-Alamtine. They do not understand the triangle's significance and treat it as a holy relic, although it has lost all of its power. The Malarites are led by a cruel half-elf werewolf named Tagress. They worship the triangle and offer it blood sacrifices at least four times every moon cycle, hoping to summon Ityak-Ortheel so that it may destroy the lands of Evereska and its people.
The group feverishly works to find out how the triangle is related to the summoning of Ityak-Ortheel. They kidnap mages and other masters of lore, torture information out of them, and then sacrifice them to the relic.
In response to the group's plots, elven leaders have launched a war against the followers of Malar. The Malarites are waging their own war against the elves in retaliation.
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I was thinking about the following problem:
Consider a sequence $a_n \to 0, a_n >0$ which is monotone, i. e. $a_n\ge a_{n+1}$.
Now suppose for every $C>0$ there is a subsequence $n(k)$ such that $a_{n(k)}>C\ f(n(k))$, where f is a function fulfilling $f(x)\to 0 \ (x\to\infty)(e.g. f(x)=x^{-1})$.
Can you conclude now $a_{n}>C'\ f(n)$ for all $n$?
I think so, because each subsequence $a_{n(1)-i},a_{n(2)-i},\ldots$ can not decay faster than $f$. Even when the difference $|n(k)-n(k-1)|$ is not bounded, you can choose subsequences
and so on. Again each of these subsequence can not decay faster than $f$.
Am I doing any mistake?
Thanks for your help!
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
Let $\{M_n:n\in\Bbb Z\}$ be a partition of $\Bbb N$ into infinite sets. For each $n\in\Bbb Z$ let $M_n=\{m(n,k):k\in\Bbb N\}$, where $m(n,0)Cf\big(m(n,k)\big)$ for each $C<2^{-n}$, but clearly
Thus, there is no $C>0$ such that $a_m>Cf(m)$ for all $m\in\Bbb N$.
share|improve this answer
Thank you Brian! But I think you misunderstood me. Because you chose a sequence $a_{m(n,k)}$ decaying faster than f(m(n,k)). That's why your inequality $a_{m(n,k)}> C f(m(n,k))$ is of course true for $C(n)<2^{-n}$ but i meant a $C>0$ not depending on $n$. – Lenava Aug 10 '12 at 8:15
_USER_: My $C$ doesn't actually depend on $n$. Given $C$, choose an appropriate $n$. However, I did overlook the fact that you were interested in arbitrarily large values of $C$, not just arbitrarily small ones, so my example handles only values of $C$ less than $1$. I've now corrected this. Given $C>0$, pick $n\in\Bbb Z$ so that $2^{-n}>C$, and consider the sequence $\langle a_{m(n,k)}:k\in\Bbb N\rangle$. – Brian M. Scott Aug 10 '12 at 8:25
Thank you Brian. I confused n with k. – Lenava Aug 20 '12 at 11:23
Your Answer


text:
Two scientists from WKU's China Environmental Health Project (CEHP) returned this week from rural southwest China where they trained government scientists in techniques for understanding and protecting karst water resources.
Sean Vanderhoff of Louisville, a recent graduate of WKU master's in geoscience program, joined Dr. Chris Groves, CEHP and Hoffman Institute director, traveling to the Institute of Karst Geology (IKG) in Guilin. There they gave lectures and participated in fieldwork describing specialized methods of underground water tracing to support both water resource protection and joint U.S./China efforts to measure aspects of the global carbon cycle.
The Institute of Karst Geology is China's premier karst research facility and operates under the auspices of the Ministry of Land and Resources. Much of its work is focused on understanding and finding solutions to water supply and quality problems in China's karst regions, which impact tens of millions of mostly rural people.
The China Environmental Health Project, a program of WKU's Hoffman Environmental Research Institute, works to develop partnerships in China and internationally to enhance China's academic capacity building in environmental health and resource protection. Through 30 WKU trips to China since 1995, and supported by numerous visits of Chinese scientists to WKU, the joint teams have set up laboratories, implemented training seminars and fieldwork for scientists and government officials, and published papers in scientific journals. Most of this work has been under the auspices of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
The pair gave several lectures and conducted fieldwork in the Maocun Groundwater Basin near Guilin, which is a sister research site with Lost River Cave in Bowling Green. Vanderhoff also visited Southwest University in Chongqing to evaluate conditions at a groundwater tracing laboratory there established by CEHP in 2007, and he also gave several more lectures to about 50 scientists and graduate students.
"This was the perfect opportunity for Sean to use the experience he developed as a graduate student at WKU to help our Chinese colleagues develop new skills in groundwater protection," Groves said. "The same technology is also providing direct benefits to China's serious efforts to quantify CO2 budgeting and how it is impacting climate change."
The trip and related efforts were supported by matching grants from the Chinese government and WKU's Office of Research through its Research and Creative Activity (RCAP) Program.
Dr. David Keeling, Geography and Geology Department Head, noted: "Dr. Groves' engagement with the Chinese on matters of global scientific importance is a wonderful example of WKU's international reach. Our mission in the department is to engage with communities across the planet to help address the most pressing resource issues of the 21st century. The CEHP is one of many exciting opportunities for faculty, students, and colleagues directed by the Hoffman Institute that are making a real difference in people's lives."
Contact: Chris Groves, _PHONE_.


text:
Cheapest Factory Thermal Resistance Sensor - TDE-0301 Button Pointer Temperature Controller – Gongyi
Cheapest Factory Thermal Resistance Sensor - TDE-0301 Button Pointer Temperature Controller – Gongyi Detail:
A.Technical specification:
1、Input: K Measurement precision: ≤1.5%FS±1B
2、Measure and control range: 0~399℃
3、Control period: 30±10Sec; Proportional band range:2～6%
4、Deviation display range: -50～50℃
5、Output contact capacity: AC220V 5A（resistance load）
6、Power voltage: AC110～220V 50Hz/60Hz
7、Working environment: Temperature: 0~50℃;
relative humidity: ＜ 85%RH, without corrode gas.
8、Overall size and installation hole（mm）： 48×96×110、44×92；
B. Connection Scheme(consult):
C. Method to use:
Connect the power and the sensor according to the connection scheme, then it displays the actual measured temperature.
The terminals of '1', '2' are input of thermocouple signal, the terminals of '6', '7', '8' are relay control output. When the green light of "OUT" brighten, terminal '7' and '8' are connected and terminal '6' and '8' are disconnected. When the green light of "OUT" goes out, terminal '7' and '8' are disconnected and terminal '6' and '8' are connected. The terminal of '3', '5' are power supply (AC110～240V).
When the actual measured temperature don't enter the proportional band and the setting temperature is higher than the actual measured temperature, the terminal '7'and '8'connect, terminal '8' and '6' disconnect. The load starts heating at this time and its temperature is going up.
When the actual measured temperature don't enter the proportional band and the setting temperature is lower than the actual measured temperature, the terminal '7' and '8' disconnect, terminal '8' and '6' connect. The load does not heat at this time and its temperature is going down.
After the actual measured temperature entry into the proportional band, the relay start opening and closing according to the controlling rule. The higher temperature, the shorter connecting time of relay between terminal '7' and '8'. Vice versa.The controller controls the temperature by the way of changing the average heating power of load.
Note: Time proportion adjustment: the time proportion is also known as intermittent ratio adjustment, change the average heating power to achieve control in the unit time (cycle). When the actual temperature access to the dashboard proportional band, relay release cyclically, suction, by changing the absorption and release time proportion to change the average heating power of heat load, thus changing temperature for purpose.
Note: Our company will continue to improve product technology, design specification. If change, please subject to the material object, without notice.
Product detail pictures:
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text:
Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
Rosewater has a very distinctive flavour and is used heavily in South Asian, West Asian and Middle Eastern cuisine—especially in sweets. For example, rosewater gives loukoumia and gulab jamuns their distinctive flavour. It is also used for religious purposes in Hinduism and Islam.
Orangewater is made from orange blossoms in a similar manner.
The contents of this article is licensed from _URL_ under the GNU Free Documentation License. Click here to see the transparent copy and copyright details


text:
Cotton Balls or Honduran White Bats?
Imagine you were walking along in the Honduran forest and you looked up into a leaf and saw these little white puffballs. You might think "Oh, how nice, I need some cotton balls to swab alcohol on my blisters" and reach up to find that they aren't cotton balls at all but little bats with yellow noses! What tricks the natural world presents to us sometimes! Bats are supposed to be slender, black, scary and sleeping in caves but not these Central American marshmallow puff balls. They prefer to make tent houses underneath broad-leaf flowering plants. They are so very tiny (about 1.5 – 2 inches or 3.7 – 4.7 cm) that the adults look like babies, a hole colony of a dozen or more can be comfortable under those big leaves.


text:
A Caldecott medalist often called "the book that broke the color barrier" in mainstream children's publishing
Winter still has enough muscle here in New Jersey that the library was closed for snow yesterday. So I couldn't put my hands on a trailblazing book about the kind of weather we're having now, Ezra Jack Keats's The Snowy Day (Puffin, 40 pp., $6.99, paperback, and other editions). And because I haven't read it, I'll have to quote an excellent reference book and hope that teachers, librarians or others will jump in with comments.
"Keats illustrated nearly a dozen books before writing his first, The Snowy Day, which won the 1963 Caldecott Medal," former children's librarian Mary Mehlman Burns writes in The Essential Guide to Children's Books and Their Creators (Houghton Mifflin, 2002), edited by Anita Silvey. "A celebration of color, texture, design, and childhood wonder, The Snowy Day is significant in that it was one of the first picture books in which a minority child is seen as Everychild. Years before, Keats had come across photos of a young boy, and he recalled that 'his expressive face, his body attitudes, the way he wore his clothes, totally captivated me.' The boy was to become Peter, who, in his red snowsuit, discovers the joys of dragging sticks and making tracks in the snow. After its publication, Keats found out that the photos had come from a 1940 Life magazine – he had retained the images for over 20 years.
"With solid and patterned paper as wedges of color, Keats _URL_ used collage to create endearing characters and energetic cityscapes, not only in The Snowy Day (1962) but also in Whistle for Willie (1964) and Peter's Chair (1964)."
A generation of readers – black and white – is grateful to The Snowy Day, sometimes called "the book that broke the color barrier" in picture books from mainstream publishers. One of the latest editions is a DVD-and-book gift set that Viking published in September and includes Whistle for Willie.
© 2008 Janice Harayda. All rights reserved.


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Magic, spirits & herbs
Before the Egyptian and Sumerian civilisations, there were no written records, so what we know about diseases and their treatment during prehistoric times has been gleaned either from archaeological evidence, or from interviews with aboriginals whose lifestyles have not changed for thousands of years.
The land was sparsely populated by nomadic hunter-gatherers occupying seasonal camps in caves or rock shelters where food was plentiful. The average lifespan was 25 to 40 years. It was generally believed that all natural things were controlled by spirits, and that illness was the result of evil spirits, sent either as punishment from the gods or as magic from an enemy.
The "cure" was to drive out the evil spirits; this involved witch doctors or healers (shamans) using ceremonial magic.
Archaeological evidence
Study of human remains suggests that the common diseases in prehistoric times were:
 - osteoarthritis (from heavy lifting and carrying)
 - microfractures of the spine & spondylosis
 - hyperextension and torque injuries of the lower back, often associated with carrying latte stones
 - infections and their complications
 - rickets
Mummified bodies have revealed ingested plants and seeds from the Palaeolithic era (60,000 years ago) onwards. These include yarrow (as an astringent to stop bleeding), mallow (as a laxative), rosemary, digitalis, morphine (extracted from seeds as a painkiller), snakeroot (as a mild sedative) and birch polypore fungus (as a laxative).
Some Stone Age skulls have been found with holes cut into them and, in some, there is evidence of the bone "growing back", implying that the individual survived the procedure. This practice, known as trepanning (pictured upper right), has been in use for thousands of years to treat epilepsy, headaches, mental illness and assumed demonic possession, although it may also have been performed as part of a ritual.
Archaeological evidence has been found of geophagy (eating earths & clays). This may have been prompted by watching animals eat earth, either to get essential minerals or when they are unwell.
Evidence from aboriginals
Some aboriginals still practise lifestyles that have not changed for thousands of years. In the late 19th century, a number of interviews were carried out with aboriginal groups in an attempt to understand some prehistoric relics being discovered at that time.
Cave paintings can provide information about the lifestyle of prehistoric nomads. A prime example is the Grottes des Trois-Frères in southwestern France where the cave art dates back at least 13,000 years. There are numerous engravings in the three caves, but The Sorcerer (pictured middle right) is of particular interest in that it may represent a healer with a deer-mask, worn to frighten away the demons causing illness (or simply to impress the patient!).
Some present-day aboriginals still treat fractures using wet clay which then hardens to give support to the limb in the same way as a plaster cast does. Hunter-gatherers were, of course, prone to trauma and fractures because their lifestyle involved significant personal risk whilst hunting and killing large animals.
Prehistoric urology
Although we have no archaeological evidence of urological disease, prehistoric cave paintings of the penis have been found dating back to the Upper Palaeolithic period (12,000 to 40,000 BC). They suggest an awareness of erection, copulation, ejaculation (pictured lower right) and orgasm.
Indirect evidence exists that foreskin retraction and/or circumcision was also performed, and a detailed analysis suggests that other decorative rituals (tattooing, piercing, and scarification of the penis) took place, possibly as group recognition strategies, especially during the Upper Magdalenian period (11,000 to 12,700 BC).
← Back to Time Corridor


text:
© 1997 – Routledge
An understanding of what we mean by the present is one of the key issues in literature, philosophy, and culture today, but also one of the most neglected and misunderstood. Present Hope develops a fascinating philosophical understanding of the present, approaching this question via discussions of the nature of historical time, the philosophy of history, memory, and the role of tragedy.
Andrew Benjamin shows how we misleadingly view the present as simply a product of chronological time, ignoring the role of history and memory. Accordingly, discussion of what is meant by the present disappears from philosophical concern. To draw attention to this absence, Andrew Benjamin introduces the notion of hope and asks what this concept can tell us about the present.
At the heart of the outstanding work is an emphasis on the relation between hope and the Jewish tradition. Through discussions of philosophical responses to the Holocaust, the work of Walter Benjamin, Daniel Libeskind's Jewish Museum, and the poetry of Paul Celan, Present Hope shows how we must look beyond the purely philosophical horizon to understand the present we live in.


text:
For many years it was believed that each mature microRNA (miRNA) existed as a single entity with fixed endpoints and a'static' and unchangeable primary sequence. However, recent evidence suggests that mature miRNAs are more 'dynamic' and that each miRNA precursor arm gives rise to multiple isoforms, the isomiRs. Here we report on our identification of numerous and abundant isomiRs in the lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) of 452 men and women from five different population groups. Unexpectedly, we find that these isomiRs exhibit an expression profile that is population-dependent and gender-dependent. This is important as it indicates that the LCLs of each gender/population combination have their own unique collection of mature miRNA transcripts. Moreover, each identified isomiR has its own characteristic abundance that remains consistent across biological replicates indicating that these are not degradation products. The primary sequences of identified isomiRs differ from the known miRBase miRNA either at their 5'-endpoint (leads to a different'seed' sequence and suggests a different targetome), their 3'-endpoint, or both simultaneously. Our analysis of Argonaute PAR-CLIP data from LCLs supports the association of many of these newly identified isomiRs with the Argonaute silencing complex and thus their functional roles through participation in the RNA interference pathway.
Recommended CitationLoher, Phillipe; Londin, Eric R; and Rigoutsos, Isidore, "IsomiR Expression Profiles in Human Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines Exhibit Population and Gender Dependencies." (2014). Computational Medicine Center Faculty Papers. Paper 4.


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The Regimental School System and Edu ion in the British Army in the Napoleonic Era. Howthe British Army set up schools to teach their soldiers and the children of the regimenthow to read and write. This paper won quotBest General History Paperquot in the 200
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The Russian army of the Middle and Late Napoleonic period 808 8 5 was based on adark green jacket with white trousers. The exact nature of dark green is always a matterof debate. If you look at Kntel the best way to describe it would seem to be olive
Uniforms of La Grande Arme Wikipedia
From 793 the uniforms of the demibrigades of the line infantry wore the bluequotNational Uniformquot that was to be worn by all soldiers. However for a longtime line infantry were a mix of the new blue coats worn by the National Guard and the
Books on Napoleonic Uniforms
Napoleonic Uniforms by John Elting Hardcover Vol VOL April 20 Emperor 39s Pr ISBN 883476208. Napoleonic Wars Napoleon 39s Army Brassey 39s History of UniformsSeries by Rene Chartrand Christa Hook Illustrator Hardcover 44 pages March
CategoryMilitary uniforms of the Napoleonic Wars.
Media in egory quotMilitary uniforms of the Napoleonic Warsquot The following 78files are in this egory out of 78 total. 3rgt fl 8 4.jpg 428 2 96 373 KB
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Jul 20 2020 Explore Just Draw 39s board quotBritish Napoleonic Uniformsquot onPinterest. See more ideas about British uniforms Napoleonic wars British army uniform.
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A new report from the Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine revealed that skies over Kyiv are swarming with unidentified flying objects (UFOs). The scientists created a unique observation technique, considering the objects' fast speeds. The exposure period was selected to ensure that the object's picture did not noticeably change during exposure. Fast-moving, low-visibility objects in the daytime sky over Kyiv and the surrounding villages were monitored by Ukrainian astronomers using specially calibrated cameras at two weather stations in Kyiv and Vinarivka. Dozens of objects "that cannot scientifically be identified as known natural phenomena" were observed. "We see them everywhere," was affirmed in the report. The Ukrainian paper describes between others a specific type of UFO the researchers call "phantoms" that is an "object [that] is a completely black body that does not emit and absorbs all the radiation falling on it."Some such objects range from 10 to 40 feet (3 to 12 meters) wide and can travel at speeds of up to 33,000 mph (53,000 km/h) at altitudes of up to 10 to 12 kilometers. At the opposite side, others were luminous objects, brighter than the background of the sky.
Knowing Russian invasion of Ukraine suspected that some observations described in the new report may be linked to foreign surveillance or military technologies. At least, according to a 2021 report from the U.S. Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI), it's likely that some such aerial observed objects are "technologies deployed by China, Russia, another nation, or a non-governmental entity." However the Ukrainian paper does not address the war in conjunction with the sightings.


Volcano's'scream' gives clues to pressurization
By Kristen Butler, UPI.com | July 15, 2013 at 9:19 AM | Comments
July 15 (UPI) -- Many small earthquakes often precede a volcanic eruption, and they can sometimes happen in such rapid succession that they create a harmonic tremor similar to the kind created by musical instruments, though at frequencies lower than humans can hear.
New research on an eruption sequence at Alaska's Redoubt Volcano in March 2009 showed that a harmonic tremor rose to higher and higher frequency until it paused just before six of the eruptions, with five of those coming in rapid succession.
Scientists at the USGS Alaska Volcano Observatory have dubbed the highest-frequency harmonic tremor at Redoubt Volcano "the screams" because they reach such high pitch, at 30 hertz, compared with a 1-to-5 hertz starting point. In humans, the audible frequency range starts at about 20 hertz.
Some volcanoes make sound when magma forces its way up through rock, but Hotovec-Ellis believes the harmonic tremors are the result of magma being forced through narrow passages in the rock.
Magma sticks to the rock surface in a narrow passage until the pressure is high enough to force it along a bit, before it sticks again, pressure mounts, and it moves again.
Each of these sudden movements results in a small earthquake, ranging in magnitude from about 0.5 to 1.5, Hotovec-Ellis said.
"Because there's less time between each earthquake, there's not enough time to build up enough pressure for a bigger one," she said. "After the frequency glides up to a ridiculously high frequency, it pauses and then it explodes."
Hotovec-Ellis, lead author of the study published in the Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, is also co-author of a second paper in Nature Geoscience that uses a "frictional faulting" model to explain the tremors.
The model addresses the brief pause in the harmonic tremor just before the volcanic explosion. "We think the pause is when even the earthquakes can't keep up anymore and the two sides of the fault slide smoothly against each other," Hotovec-Ellis said.
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No. 36 Stabilizing Effects on CAPE by the Formation of Inclusion Complex with Cyclodextrin
It is very important to stabilize the functional components in foods, in order to guarantee the safety / security of those foods.
CDs can stabilize some functional foods and ingredients (e.g. CoQ10、alipoic acid、royal jelly)
Interaction of CAPE with CD
Stability of CAPE-γ-CD
Solubilization of CAPE-γ-CD
Stabilization of CAPE by CDs
- The binding constants of the inclusion of CAPE with CDs were evaluated (K = 2000 M-1).
- The Stabilization effects of γ-CD for CAPE against 1) enzymatic hydrolysis 2) Michael Addition with amino acid 3) oxidation were observed.
- CAPE-γ-CD was more soluble than CAPE in the presence of bile acid.
→ increasing of the bioavailability.
→ These results showed that CAPE in NZ propolis can be stabilize without losing its functions by formation of inclusion complex with γ-CD.


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Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) Simulation of Thar Lignite Coal and Sugarcane Bagasse in Entrained Flow Gasifier
For the generation of heat and electricity thermochemical conversion of feedstock is the most
efficient clean, and environmentally friendly conversion process. In Pakistan, biomass and coal
conversion through thermochemical conversion processes has got weighty consideration
nowadays. As Pakistan is rich in biomass and coal resources. The producer gas produced from
carbon-containing materials contains mainly CO, CO2, H2 and CH4. A numerical model of
entrained flow gasifier is established to simulate coal, biomass blends through entrained flow
gasifier. However, locally available coal deposits contain higher amounts of moisture and ash. Due
to high moisture and ash content in coal results in lower reactivity along with the difficulty in
handling of ash produced during gasification. In this research work, biomass and coal were cogasified
in entrained flow gasifier. The challenges arising because of the varying thermo-physical
properties of both feedstocks such as volatile fraction, density and ash are taken into consideration
in order to produce engine quality syngas. The feeding rate inside the concentric tube entrained
flow gasifier was maintained at 82 kg/hr. Dry Pakistani coal and sugarcane bagasse were used as a
feedstock for gasification. In this study varying mixing schemes were adopted in order to achieve
the best performance during the cogasification process. The optimum blending ratio was found at
a blending ratio of 35:65 on a weight basis. At the optimum blending ratio, the CGE and CCE was
87% and 99.8%, respectively.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Submission of a manuscript to the Journal will be taken to imply that:
- The work is original and has not been previously published (except in the form of an abstract or a part of a published lecture, review or thesis).
- It is not being considered for publication elsewhere, and
- If accepted for publication, it will NOT be published commercially elsewhere in the same form, in any language, without the consent of Editor or Publisher.


text:
Effects of Interaction of Static Load and Frost on Damage Mechanism of Concrete Elements
Keywords:concrete, cyclic freezing and thawing, scaling, bending, fracture mechanics, interaction
AbstractFrost damage is typical material deterioration in concrete structures subjected to external environmental conditions. However, the weather conditions do not make the sufficient factor causing the worsening of the concrete properties. Concrete structures with frost damage in service are subjected to loadings. The investigation was carried out with the primary objective to assess the influence of interaction of mechanical load and freeze-thaw cycles on damage process of concrete. The salt scaling process was observed for beam specimens subjected to cyclic freezing and thawing in third-point loading condition. The damage development due to internal cracking was monitored using fracture mechanics parameters.


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The Knoxville Symphony Orchestra has long claimed to be the "oldest symphony in the South" or, in the most recent promotional literature, "the oldest continuing orchestra in the Southeast." The KSO is certainly older than the average Southern symphony orchestra—or, for that matter, the average American symphony orchestra. However, they're not the only organization to make the "Oldest Symphony Orchestra in the South" claim.
Comparing various claims would require some labor, as well as a universal standard of what constitutes a symphony. Is it a certain number of musicians? A certain frequency of performances? Professional status, for either the conductor or the musicians? What if a symphony closes temporarily? In fact there's no agree-upon definition of what a symphony is, and whether continuity permits pauses. The KSO began as an extraordinarily small orchestra of 27 pieces, but grew rapidly to count 45 musicians by its third season, and has performed two or more shows every season since 1935.
The KSO is older than the symphonies of many larger cities, including Atlanta, Louisville, Nashville, and Memphis. It's the oldest symphony orchestra in Tennessee. However, several Southern orchestras report earlier dates of origin. Charlotte's symphony claims a 1932 birthdate. The Alabama Symphony Orchestra in Birmingham reports that it had been founded by 1933, with a board of directors and a fund-raising organization; by 1935, when the KSO performed its first regular concert, Birmingham's ASO was three times the size.
No orchestra makes more of the Oldest Symphony in the South claim than Georgia's Rome Symphony Orchestra, which is smaller and less active than the KSO, but cites a 1921 founding date, and touts its status liberally.
KSO historian Rudy Ennis says he first heard the KSO make that claim during the David Van Vactor days, in the '60s. He has never tried to confirm or deny it. He says, however, that the KSO's definition of its founding is more conservative than the estimates made by many orchestras; by looser standards, the KSO might reach back to various landmark assemblages in 1927 or 1924 or 1917 as its origin—rather than 1935, which was the beginning of an unbroken stream of prescription seasons.


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Free Search (10891 images)
Orcus Patera on Mars in 3D
Rating: 5.00/5 (2 votes cast)
- Title Orcus Patera on Mars in 3D
- Released 29/08/2010 4:59 pm
- Copyright ESA/DLR/FU Berlin (G. Neukum)
Orcus Patera is an enigmatic elliptical depression located between the volcanoes of Elysium Mons and Olympus Mons. This well-defined depression extends approximately 380 km by 140 km in a NNE––SSW direction. It has a rim that rises up to 1800 m above the surrounding plains, while the floor of the depression lies 400–600 m below the surroundings. ESA's Mars Express obtained image data of this region on 5 and 11 October 2005 using the High-Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC). The data were acquired during orbits 2216 and 2238 and with a ground resolution of approximately 30 m per pixel. Combining data from the nadir channel and one stereo channel of HRSC produced this 3D image. Stereoscopic glasses are required to see the 3D effect.


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In the first study of its kind, medical scientists have uncovered a probable link between pain from surgery and the likelihood of infection. The key appears to be the body's means of fighting infection, which depends on the tissue's supply of oxygen. Pain, the researchers discovered, reduces the amount of available oxygen and thereby increases the risk of infection.
The discovery, published in the July 4 issue of the journal Lancet, was led by Daniel I. Sessler, MD, associate professor of anesthesia at the University of California, San Francisco. He collaborated with colleagues at the University of Vienna and Washington University in St. Louis.
"Many of us in the field believe that oxygenation of tissues is the key to the body's ability to fight infection," Sessler said. "Inadequate pain treatment decreases oxygenation and thus reduces the effectiveness of the body's major line of defense against infection: cells called neutrophils that kill invaders with the help of oxygen."
In a clinical study performed at the at the University of Vienna General Hospital, 30 patients recovering from elective knee surgery were fitted with a device to monitor tissue oxygen pressure. All were given standard, intravenous narcotic pain medication. In addition, the local anesthetic lidocaine was injected into the surgical site of some patients - the experimental group - just prior to the end of surgery.
The results showed that patients with the least pain - those who were given lidocaine - had significantly higher tissue oxygenation concentrations. The increase was clinically important and of a magnitude that previous studies show will cut the risk of infection by more than half.
"Inadequate treatment of surgical pain is still fairly common," Sessler says. "Here we have intriguing evidence that careful and complete control of pain not only improves patient comfort, but also markedly reduces the risk of infection."


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I am trying to start an activity which calls another sub-activity. That is fine. But the problem is, what if i want to constantly send data from the activity to the sub-activity every, say, 2 seconds and the sub-activity receives that data and appends it below the previous data, when ever it receives it.
How do i do this? I cant always call the startActivity(intent) method cause it would create a new UI every time.
Is there a way to make the main activity run in the background, constantly pumping in data and the sub-activity always visible, showing the data?
Should i be using a service? But how do i invoke an activity from a service? and how to transfer data constantly to the sub-activity?


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This research project is a first step in assessing the status of visual literacy in Switzerland using qualitative methods from the social sciences and visual studies and in working out measures for targeted development of visual literacy.
Even though the concentration of museums in Switzerland has increased greatly in the last 20 years, we in science know very little about what museum visitors at an exhibition experience: how and for how long they look at images; what they see, feel or understand; how good their ability is to perceive and process images (visual literacy).
This research project started out from the observation that the increase in density of information in the visual sphere often overtaxes people. In these situations, the visual images can no longer be compared to existing ordering patterns and assessed. To narrow down the broad field of media images and practices, this study examined reception of photographs in museums as an example.
It is a fact that the emotionalization of media contents, which aims to attract the attention of as many viewers as possible, is steadily advancing. People are capable of surrendering to the medial world of emotions only voluntarily or not at all, if they process the triggered affects and feelings by understanding and reflecting upon the aesthetics and contents but also upon the way that the images work and impact us. With the aid of the research design chosen, the study examined what relationships there are between photographic images and people's moods and feelings, among other things.
For this reason, a focus of the analysis was on capturing emotions triggered by photographs. Type and strength of the emotions were recorded. The aim was also to find out how affects influence processes of making meaning and the evaluation of perceived objects, as it was assumed that particularly for visual images, levels there is intensive interaction between the emotional and the cognitive levels.


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Bombing of Alteria
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Bombing of Alteria
Alteria Burning
Conflict: Garmillas Civil War
Date: 2199
Place: Alteria
Result: *Garmillas Victory
 - Alteria bombed
Alterian Rebels
Military of the Great Garmillas Empire
Alterian rebles
Hundreds of Imperial Guard ships
Casualties and Losses
 - Most if not all of Alteria's population
 - Planet severely damaged
 - Garmillas Governor
 - Any Garmillans not off planet
The Bombing of Alteria was one of the most destructive acts the Imperial Guard committed during the Garmillas Civil War.
After word of Space Battleship Yamato existance and how a ship from a planet being invaded by the Empire had caused so much trouble for the Imperial Asto Navy, many worlds began revolting against Garmillas and Dessler.
Prior to the Battle of Carell 163. The population of Alteria began a revolt. ("Point of No Return")
The assaultEdit
When the rebellion began many Garmillans were forced to evacuate as the natives began taking their planet back, however many weren't able to escape. The Governor escaped the planet and requested aid. Dessler sent Hydom Gimleh to deal with the rebellion. When the Governor met Gimleh aboard his ship, and after hearing his pleas for aid in defending the remaining Garmillan on the planet he instead ordered the Governor be killed.
The fleet moved in to bombing position as massive missile began raining down on the planet killing the celebrating Alterians. After the bombs explode the Carriers release bombers and fire upon the surface cities while bomber destroyed smaller more remote locations. In a matter of minutes a once blue world was largely burnt. ("Point of No Return")
This event caused a rift in Garmillas leadership between those who thought they were being to brutal and those who didn't. In addition Lord Dessler was apparently killed in an assassination shortly after the planet was bombed. ("Point of No Return")
Many of the surviving Alterians would find themselves in prison camps. These people were presumably released after the new Garmillas government takes power. ("The Planet That We Head For")
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If only….only if.
Rule 9.11 Ball-body contact and the related advice from the 2017 Umpire Manager's Briefing in shouting size with colour highlights.
The above Rule is very simple and the Explanation about how it is to be applied is reasonably straightforward, 'reasonable' depending on what is interpreted to be an advantage. So why is the application of Rule 9.11 so abysmally badly carried out in practice?
I think it indicative of the attitude taken to the Rules of Hockey by the Umpiring Committee that the text in the Rules is said, in the UMB, to reinforce the existing interpretation – instead of, as it should, declaring that the interpretation follows the text of the Rule and Explanation. Rules are not intended to reinforce interpretations that have arisen via umpire practice, umpires are supposed to be applying the Rules of Hockey, not making them, and the Explanation of application must, if there is to be consistency, be regarded as instruction, not just as advice or recommendation. But at least it is clearly stated in the UMB that the player only commits an offence if they gain advantage. Is that clear or does it in fact 'plant' the words "the player only commits an offence"? The above Rule Explanation, if it is read at all, appears to be 'skimmed' and applied as follows.
It is always an offence if the ball hits the foot of a field player. The player commits an offence if they stop the ball with their body.
The UMB leaves out the criterion of intentional ball-body contact, as well it might even if that should not have been left out, intentional ball-body (ball-foot) contact occurs about once in a thousand instances of such contact, if that. The gaining of an advantage following a ball body contact occurs in possibly 50% of instances but probably far less than that as the player is usually occupied trying to avoid being hit with the ball and if the player is hit the ball can rebound in any direction. Which team benefits is generally similar to the result of a coin toss, but it may be neither team, the ball might just run loose so that it can be evenly contested for. But a player who has been hit with the ball is penalised for ball-body contact in at least 95% of instances.
If, as seems to be the case, umpire coaches are striving to "take the whistle out of the game", penalising ball-body contact only when it ought to be penalised would be an excellent way to achieve that aim.
Here (video below) is an example of an umpire, during the 2017 Women's European Cup Final, BEL v NED, accepting a video referral from the NED team claiming a ball-foot contact. I suppose that, because the match umpire obviously could not make these judgements, not having seen the incident, intent to make contact or advantage gained from doing so would have to have been left to the judgement of the video umpire, even though video umpires are not supposed to make these subjective judgements (see Tournament Regs. Appendix 15) – but only to make recommendation to the match umpire based on what is seen – which seems to me to be a contradiction which places both the match umpire and the video umpire in an impossible position: but on we go.
The BEL goalkeeper deflects the ball with her stick onto the foot of a defender positioned very close to her. This was an unintentional contact by the BEL defender, she could not avoid being hit. The ball then deflects away from the hit defender, was missed by a NED attacker – who immediately ran to the umpire to request a video referral – the ball then continues into the possession of another NED attacker without a BEL player being able to gain possession of it. The NED player then in possession passed the ball to a team-mate and an attack on the BEL goal proceeded, but was halted by the umpire who had stopped time for the video referral. Naturally the video umpire confirmed there was a ball-foot contact and a penalty corner was 'automatically' awarded.
(What would have happened if the NED team had played the ball into the BEL goal before time was stopped, but while one of their number was occupying the attention of the umpire with a video referral request?)
Why didn't the video umpire see and report that the BEL team had gained no advantage from the ball leg contact of one of its defenders. It is in any case unlikely that a team will gain an advantage following the disadvantage of having their goalkeeper play the ball into the body/legs of one of her own team. A gain of advantage became an impossibility when the ball then deflected off that defender into the possession of a member of the opposing NED team and the NED team were then able to play on and make an attack on the BEL goal. That the NED player closest to the defender failed to intercept the ball is irrelevant, the NED team gained an advantage so the BEL team could not have done so – therefore no offence occurred. I can see that from the play and I trust that anybody looking at the incident with an impartial eye would also. The answer to my question is I believe, that it is likely that this trained video umpire did not bother to look beyond the fact that ball contact with the leg of a BEL defender had occurred. Penalty just flowed, automatically and incorrectly, from the fact of ball-leg contact
What happened in this incident is pretty much the standard ignoring of the Explanation of Application given with Rule 9.11. thereby ignoring the criteria for a ball body contact offence to have occurred. The BEL team gained no advantage from the contact, on the contrary, if the ball-foot contact had not occurred the ball deflected by the goalkeeper would I believe have run to another BEL player further away from her and not into the possession of the NED player it was deflected towards off the BEL defender. That could have been ascertained in less than three seconds following the contact.
The umpire could correctly have penalised the ball shielding of the NED right flank player prior to her passing the ball into the goalmouth, a pass which led to the goalkeeper deflecting the ball away from the goal-line. But ignoring ball shielding is also pretty much standard practice – which is why ball shielding at every opportunity is standard practice for players. This is an area where the whistle really has been taken out of the game – almost completely.
Is there something beyond the reach of translation or beyond literal interpretation of word meaning in the text of Rule 9.11 and the Explanation provided with it? Are the words 'only' and 'if' being made to do too much work? Could the Rule be reworded so that it ceases to be so badly applied? How about Ball-body contact is not an offence unless the player hit with the ball…. But I think not, almost everything, including various rewording of the same criteria, has already been tried without making any difference whatsoever to 'practice'.
"Ball-body (foot) contact is an offence" is a meme, which umpires have been unable to get out of their heads for thirty or more years, despite the considerable efforts of the HRB and the FIH Rules Committee to get them to change that approach. It is a meme which will be heard repeated in every explanation of the Rules of Hockey offered by contributors to YouTube (including England Hockey), in many an International level player stands before the camera and informs viewers that this is a fact. This 'fact' was also contained in the video made by the FIH, to give an idea of the Rules of the game to people who might be watching hockey for the first time during the WWC.
That raising the ball from close range into the legs or body of an opponent is always an offence is very rarely mentioned (perhaps because seeing an umpire penalise a player so hit, which is common, would confuse viewers?).
I believe an entirely new approach to ball-body contact is required.
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