::Manual::Intro for more info.
Arguments: none
Return Value: Ordered list of primary column names
Read-only accessor which returns the list of primary keys, supplied by "set_primary_key".
Manually define the correct sequence for your table, to avoid the overhead associated with looking up the sequence automatically. The supplied sequence will be applied to the "column_info" of each primary_key
Arguments: $sequence_name
Return Value: not defined
Arguments: $name?, \_USER_
Return Value: not defined
Declare a unique constraint on this source. Call once for each unique constraint.
 # For UNIQUE (column1, column2)
 constraint_name => [ qw/column1 column2/ ],
Alternatively, you can specify only the columns:
 __PACKAGE__->add_unique_constraint([ qw/column1 column2/ ]);
This will result in a unique constraint named table_column1_column2, where table is replaced with the table name.
Unique constraints are used, for example, when you pass the constraint name as the key attribute to "find" in DBIx::Class::ResultSet. Then only columns in the constraint are searched.
Throws an error if any of the given column names do not yet exist on the result source.
Arguments: _USER_
Return Value: not defined
Declare multiple unique constraints on this source.
 constraint_name1 => [ qw/column1 column2/ ],
 constraint_name2 => [ qw/column2 column3/ ],
Alternatively, you can specify only the columns:
 [ qw/column1 column2/ ],
 [ qw/column3 column4/ ]
This will result in unique constraints named table_column1_column2 and table_column3_column4, where table is replaced with the table name.
See also "add_unique_constraint".
Arguments: \_USER_
Return Value: Constraint name
 $source->name_unique_constraint(['col1', 'col2']);
 # returns
Return a name for a unique constraint containing the specified columns. The name is created by joining the table name and each column name, using an underscore character.
For example, a constraint on a table named cd containing the columns artist and title would result in a constraint name of cd_artist_title.
This is used by "add_unique_constraint" if you do not specify the optional constraint name.
Arguments: none
Return Value: Hash of unique constraint data
Read-only accessor which returns a hash of unique constraints on this source.
The hash is keyed by constraint name, and contains an arrayref of column names as values.
Arguments: none
Return Value: Unique constraint names
Returns the list of unique constraint names defined on this source.
Arguments: $constraintname
Return Value: List of constraint columns
Returns the list of columns that make up the specified unique constraint.
Arguments: $callback_name | \&callback_code
Return Value: $callback_name | \&callback_code
 __PACKAGE__->sqlt_deploy_callback(sub {
 my ($source_instance, $sqlt_table) = _USER_;
 } );
An accessor to set a callback to be called during deployment of the schema via "create_ddl_dir" in DBIx::Class::Schema or "deploy" in DBIx::Class::Schema.
The callback can be set as either a code reference or the name of a method in the current result class.
Defaults to "default_sqlt_deploy_hook".
Your callback will be passed the $source object representing the ResultSource instance being deployed, and the SQL::Translator::Schema::Table object being created from it. The callback can be used to manipulate the table object or add your own customised indexes. If you need to manipulate a non-table object, use the "sqlt_deploy_hook" in DBIx::Class::Schema.
See "Adding Indexes And Functions To Your SQL" in DBIx::Class::Manual::Cookbook for examples.
This sqlt deployment callback can only be used to manipulate SQL::Translator objects as they get turned into SQL. To execute post-deploy statements which SQL::Translator does not currently handle, override "deploy" in DBIx::Class::Schema in your Schema class and call dbh_do.
This is the default deploy hook implementation which checks if your current Result class has a sqlt_deploy_hook method, and if present invokes it on the Result class directly. This is to preserve the semantics of sqlt_deploy_hook which was originally designed to expect the Result class name and the $sqlt_table instance of the table being deployed.
Arguments: $classname
Return Value: $classname
 use My::Schema::ResultClass::Inflator;
 use My::Schema::Artist;
Set the default result class for this source. You can use this to create and use your own result inflator. See "result_class" in DBIx::Class::ResultSet for more details.
Please note that setting this to something like DBIx::Class::ResultClass::HashRefInflator will make every result unblessed and make life more difficult. Inflators like those are better suited to temporary usage via "result_class" in DBIx::Class::ResultSet.
Arguments: none
Return Value: $resultset
Returns a resultset for the given source. This will initially be created on demand by calling
 $self->resultset_class->new($self, $self->resultset_attributes)
but is cached from then on unless resultset_class changes.
Arguments: $classname
Return Value: $classname
 package My::Schema::ResultSet::Artist;
 use base 'DBIx::Class::ResultSet';
 # In the result class
 # Or in code
Set the class of the resultset. This is useful if you want to create your own resultset methods. Create your own class derived from DBIx::Class::ResultSet, and set it here. If called with no arguments, this method returns the name of the existing resultset class, if one exists.
Arguments: \%attrs
Return Value: \%attrs
 # In the result class
 __PACKAGE__->resultset_attributes({ order_by => [ 'id' ] });
 # Or in code
 $source->resultset_attributes({ order_by => [ 'id' ] });
Store a collection of resultset attributes, that will be set on every DBIx::Class::ResultSet produced from this result source.
CAVEAT: resultset_attributes comes with its own set of issues and bugs! While resultset_attributes isn't deprecated per se, its usage is not recommended!
Since relationships use attributes to link tables together, the "default" attributes you set may cause unpredictable and undesired behavior. Furthermore, the defaults cannot be turned off, so you are stuck with them.
In most cases, what you should actually be using are project-specific methods:
 package My::Schema::ResultSet::Artist;
 use base 'DBIx::Class::ResultSet';
 _TAG_->resultset_attributes({ prefetch => 'tracks' });
 sub with_tracks { shift->search({}, { prefetch => 'tracks' }) }
 # in your code
This gives you the flexibility of not using it when you don't need it.
For more complex situations, another solution would be to use a virtual view via DBIx::Class::ResultSource::View.
Arguments: none
Result value: $name
Returns the name of the result source, which will typically be the table name. This may be a scalar reference if the result source has a non-standard name.
Arguments: $source_name
Result value: $source_name
Set an alternate name for the result source when it is loaded into a schema. This is useful if you want to refer to a result source by a name other than its class name.
 package ArchivedBooks;
 use base qw/DBIx::Class/;
 # from your schema...
Arguments: none
Return Value: FROM clause
 my $from_clause = $source->from();
Returns an expression of the source to be supplied to storage to specify retrieval from this source. In the case of a database, the required FROM clause contents.
Arguments: $schema?
Return Value: $schema
 my $schema = $source->schema();
Sets and/or returns the DBIx::Class::Schema object to which this result source instance has been attached to.
Arguments: none
Return Value: $storage
Returns the storage handle for the current schema.
Arguments: $rel_name, $related_source_name, \%cond, \%attrs?
Return Value: 1/true if it succeeded
 $source->add_relationship('rel_name','related_source', $cond, $attrs);
DBIx::Class::Relationship describes a series of methods which create pre-defined useful types of relationships. Look there first before using this method directly.
The relationship name can be arbitrary, but must be unique for each relationship attached to this result source.'related_source' should be the name with which the related result source was registered with the current schema. For example:
 $schema->source('Book')->add_relationship('reviews', 'Review', {
 'foreign.book_id' => '',
The condition $cond needs to be an SQL::Abstract-style representation of the join between the tables. For example, if you're creating a relation from Author to Book,
 { 'foreign.author_id' => '' }
will result in the JOIN clause
 author me JOIN book foreign ON foreign.author_id =
You can specify as many foreign => self mappings as necessary.
Valid attributes are as follows:
Explicitly specifies the type of join to use in the relationship. Any SQL join type is valid, e.g. LEFT or RIGHT. It will be placed in the SQL command immediately before JOIN.
An arrayref containing a list of accessors in the foreign class to proxy in the main class. If, for example, you do the


text:
Fuel flow meters are vital equipment in aviation. They are used to measure the fuel flow into and out of an aircraft engine. The information collected by a fuel flow meter can help improve the performance of your aircraft, and there are many other benefits as well.
What is an aviation fuel flow meter?
An aviation fuel flow meter is a device that measures the amount of fuel being used. It's used to determine how much aircraft should be refueled, so it can be used in different scenarios depending on where you're flying and your route. You may want to use an aviation fuel flow meter if:
- You have an aircraft with a low-capacity tank (such as a small plane)
- Your airplane has been damaged by an accident or crash
In these cases, getting regular reports on how much gas your plane uses could help you avoid running out at bad moments.
Why do you need a fuel flow meter?
A fuel flow meter is a device that measures the amount of fuel flowing through your aircraft. It can also determine how much fuel is used by your aircraft and burned by it, as well as how much remains in the tank at any point in time.
This information is useful for various reasons:
- To ensure proper maintenance on your aircraft, including determining if there are problems with any components like engines or tanks that may need repair or replacement;
- To keep track of exactly how much fuel has been used so far during a flight;
- To make sure you don't run out before landing (or before another flight), which could cause problems with engine performance and damage to other components as well.
How does a fuel flow meter work?
Fuel flow meters are used to measure the amount of fuel being consumed by an aircraft engine. They do this by measuring the volume that flows through a small passage in a flexible tube, and then converting it into digital readings.
The first step is for the pilot to adjust his/her throttle lever so that he/she can maintain an adequate rate of climb without overspeeding or stalling their aircraft. This will ensure that any inaccuracies in their measurements are minimized during each flight, which helps improve reliability over time as well as ensure proper maintenance intervals (MROs). Once these adjustments have been made, the instrument gauges on either side begin displaying information about how much fuel they're consuming at any given moment – usually displayed in gallons per hour (GPH) or liters per minute (LPM). The pilot uses these numbers along with other clues provided by cockpit instruments like airspeed indicators and altimeters to determine whether there's enough left in reserve tanks before landing safely back home base airport terminal building where all passengers disembark safely after having enjoyed some quality time together while travelling across great distances away from civilization itself!
Benefits of Fuel Flow Meters in Aviation
Fuel flow meters are a great way to improve your aircraft's performance. They can help you:
- Reduce fuel costs by providing accurate readings and more efficient operation.
- Reduce carbon emissions, which is an important environmental concern in today's world.
- Improve fleet efficiency by reducing maintenance costs and aircraft weight, which will result in less wear and tear on your planes over time.
Reviewing the accuracy of your aviation fuel flow meter
You should also check the accuracy of your aviation fuel flow meter against the aircraft logbook, manual and manufacturer specifications.
With the use of a fuel flow meter, you can improve the performance of your aircraft.
A fuel flow meter is a device that measures the amount of fuel flowing through a system. It can be used to help pilots and mechanics know how much fuel is left in their tank, as well as how much they've used during flight.
If you own an aircraft, chances are good that you have at least one or two onboard systems designed specifically for measuring fuel flow rates (or "jets"). These systems are often located near the tanks themselves and measure temperatures within those tanks; if there aren't any problems with this area of your aircraft's operation then these devices should work fine!
It's easy to see why fuel flow meters are so popular in aviation. They can help you determine how much fuel your plane has on board, which ensures that the plane is properly fueled before taking off. If you have any questions about this article or would like more information about fuel flow meters, please feel free to contact us at any time and we will be happy to help!

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Home Backtrack
A Transition in the Law: Transgender Discrimination
Published: February 3, 2017
On February 2, 2017, Attorney Timothy M. Netkovick hosted a roundtable-style seminar discussing how to navigate through the legal landscape of the evolving and challenging area of discrimination law: transgender discrimination
Discrimination based on transgender status or gender identity is a developing area of the law. There has been a lot of debate on the local, state, and national level over access to bathrooms for transgender individuals. As the public debates this issue, legislators, administrative agencies, and courts are shaping the law that prohibits gender discrimination, including discrimination against transgender individuals.
If you have any questions about transgender discrimination and workplace accommodation, please contact the attorneys at Royal, P.C.


text:
Note: While I show common macros and markup in the examples below, Thomas Michael Edwards has done a great job documenting the full set of macros and functionality available to SugarCube users.
Table of Contents
- Text Elements
- Bulleted and numbered items
- Using <> macro
- Combining <> and <> macros
- Using either() and random() functions
- Using a dataset (object literal)
- Using a datamap (object literal with properties)
- Using <>
Just like in the underlining HTML, Twine also supports all five different levels of headers. To create a header, you include the exclamation point ("!") in front of some selection of text and match the number with the level wanted. For example, a single hash is for element, but five would be for a element.
To mark some selection of text to be emphasis (italicized), bolded, or otherwise set apart requires some special markup symbols in Twine.
Bulleted and Numbered items
To have Twine produce bulleted or numbered items, some selection of text needs to have a single asterisk ("*") before them for top-level and two or more asterisks for indented items. For numbered items, use a hash ("#") for top-level and two or more hashes for indented items.
Using the <> macro
The Set Macro is one of the most powerful and common macros found in Twine. In order to save ("set") some value, the Set Macro is used.
Combining the < and < macros
In most cases of using variables in Twine, you will want to first "set" some value and then, at some later point, conditionally act from testing the value. In Twine, you can combine the Set Macro with an If Macro to test is some condition is "true." For example, if a value "is" strictly the same as another or if some other comparison results in a "true" statement. (See the extended list of SugarCube comparison keywords for greater detail of what can be used in conditional statements.)
Using either() and random() functions
In some cases, you will want Twine to choose some value for you. If you want Twine to pick a single value between some fixed, existing set, the Either Macro will work. For those times when you want Twine to pick a random value between two positive numbers, the Random Macro will work.
Using a dataset (object literal)
In the following example, we can replicate the "is in" functionality from Harlowe through adding properties to an object and setting their value to "true". When adding items to the bag, we set them to "true"; if we need to remove them, we could set their value to "false" (or "undefined").
Using a datamap (object literal with properties)
In the following example, we set an object literal to have the properties of "strength", "wisdom", and "will" to initial values. Then, we test one of those values and, finally, increase one using a secondary Set Macro statement.


Shabbos 102 The evasive מכה בפטיש (hammer-blow)
Shabbos 102 The evasive מכה בפטיש (hammer-blow)
One of the most difficult categories of forbidden work on Shabbos must be the melacha of מכה בפטיש, literally "striking with a hammer."
After all, when a hammer is used constructively, it will usually be used as part of other forbidden categories of work, such a building, and when it used to destroy things with no positive intention, it will usually be מקלקל (a destructive action,) which is only rabbinically prohibited.
Yet this is indeed list in the Mishna (Shabbos 73a) as one of the 39 categories of work forbidden on shabbos, and it is essential to understand what it is.
The Mishna on our daf lists this melacho as one of those which has no minimum quantity required for liability.
Rashi gives both a general rule and an example of this melacha.
He gives the example of the hammer blow given to a stone by those who hew stones, after it has been cut out of the rock but not completely detached.
The stone is then hit with a hammer which causes it to detach and fall from the rock surface.
This is the final stage in the act of hewing a stone, and Rashi then tells us the general rule that the final stage of any melacha makes up the melacha of מכה בפטיש. He told us this rule back on daf 73a as well.
In truth though, numerous difficulties can be raised with both the rule and the example.
Firstly, as Tosfos points out, a forbidden category of melacha needs to involve an action performed in the work of the mishkan, and no quarry work was involved in that at all ( there were no stones in the mishkan, and constructing an altar from hewn stone was actually forbiddennote also how the Aron, Menorah, and Shulchan were all made of one single piece of beaten gold, and NOT of anything that had been cut into parts and then joined together!)
Secondly, if מכה בפטיש is the final stage of any מלאכה, surely it is already included in that מלאכה itself, and why should it get its own category? Does that mean that any melacha done from start to finish would incur two punishments, one for that particularly מלאכה, and one for completing it? If so, one would expect that to be discussed.
However, this definition of מכה בפטיש does not originate with Rashi, but actually goes back to the Talmud itself (Shabbos 75b) where Rabbah and Rabbi Zeira both tell us that anything that involves completing a מלאכה is מכה בפטיש.
Tosfos appropriately does not disagree with the rule cited by Rashi, but chooses rather an example that did take place in the work of the mishkan, namely the final hammer blow given to strenghen the vessels of the mishkan once they were ready.
Does this melacha perhaps apply to the final act in a creative process even if that process does not involve a forbidden melacha?
If so, where do we see such an example – after all, if it is a creative act of work that wasn't in the mishkan, it will usually be included in the toladot of that melacha.
The key might lie in a Yerushalmi often quoted by our teacher, haGaon haRav Osher Weiss שליט"א ( various teshuvos on electricity in מנחת אשר חלק 1 וחלק 3 for example )
The Yerushalmi (Shabbos perek 7/ halocha 2) accounts that Rabbi Yochanan and Reish Lakish spent 3 and a half years studying the matter of 39 melachos.
They found 39 Tolados ( derivatives) of each melacha.
Whatever melacha they were able to fit into one of those, they included in one of those.
Those that they could not include in one of those were included in מכה בפטיש.
It seems clear from this Yerushalmi that there exists NO melacha that is not forbidden on shabbos.
Every possible melacha, however it is defined, either falls under one of the 39 categories, their derivatives, or the מלאכה of מכה בפטיש.
Rav Weiss himself suggests the relatively radical idea that for this reason, any activation of an electric circuit fits under the prohibition of מכה בפטיש.
Although the Bavli gave a different definition, namely גמר מלאכה, and the rule is that one does not follow the Yerushalmi when it contradicts the Bavli, he contends that it is possible that the Bavli did not mean to exclude these "left out" melachot from מכה בפטיש but simply to also include the completion of any melacha.
However, as he himself is fully aware, many poskim before him rejected this possibility, and were most likely fully aware of this Yerushalmi.
Far from me with my barely existent understanding of the subject to argue, but those who do not follow this view regarding electricity have all these Poskim to rely on ( of course, electricity remains forbidden for numerous possible other reasons given, but there could be many נ"מ)
Perhaps what the Yerushalmi really means is that COMPLETING any melacha, even one that doesn't fit into the forbidden categories, is still forbidden because of מכה בפטיש.
However it follows from this classification that unlike other melachot, some of which one could transgress just by doing some or most thereof ( even if one is sometimes exempt due to "בעשותה" ), one would have to actually complete the goal of these "left out" melachot in order to transgress.
If one learns this way, there is no disagreement between the bavli and the Yerushalmi at allמכה בפטיש indeed includes all "left all" melachos, but only the completion of them.
In fact, it is also stated in the same halacha on the Yerushalmi that גמר מלאכה is מכה בפטיש,
Admittedly, this might not be the simplest reading of the Yerushalmi, but it allows for a simpler reading of the Bavli and also avoids the need to say that the Bavli and Yerushalmi have such a basic difference in understanding the melacha, one that the Rishonim do not seem to mention at all ( though see the Rambam, for example in Pirush haMishnayos to perek 7 which Rav Osher suggests as a support for his words.)
Of course, we would now have to test all the examples given in the gemara of this melacha, as well as those on our daf that Rav and Shmuel argue about, before we can really see if this thesis can stand its ground.
We would also need to define exactly what מלאכה is, and what kind of גמר מלאכה is meant by the Gemarais it the completion of any melacha, just the completion of a כלי, or just the completion of a מלאכה not already included in the 39.
Lots of work to do, but its late …
Shabbos 91 and Parshas Behaaloscha Racism, Self-Defense, and Prison Reform
Today's daf contains an unusually high amount of different Talmudic principles, all of which can be the subject of post after post on their own.
Among them we see again the concept of אחשביה, the idea that something (or quantity) generally not appreciated as significant by a society in general and thus not subject to the penalty for transferring on shabbos, can become significant when someone sets it aside for a useful purpose.
Besides, for being a recurring theme in our masechta regarding shabbos, we have also seen this in a recent post regarding inedible chametz on Pesach, which can become forbidden when someone chooses to eat it.
We also see the principle of בטל דעתו אצל בני אדם, ( a person's view is nullified by the view of others), which in our case, shows that the converse DOES NOT applyeven if someone does not regard something as significant, if the majority of people do regard it as such, it is also considered significant.
And towards the end of the daf, we encounter a famous legal rule of קים ליה בדרבה מיניה (a person who does one action subject to multiple punishments, is only subject to the greater of the two.)
It is very tempting with our high, often justified, but often exaggerated, regard for the modern, western


text: Grandma, What's an Ulu For? is a title in the Nunavummi Reading Series published by Inhabit Education. This is a unique Nunavut-made levelled reading series that aligns the reading expectations of the Inuit language, English, and French. The reading series corresponds closely to the reading levels and expectations developed by the Department of Education in Nunavut. This approach to literacy provides educators and parents the tools they need to ensure that children are equally challenged and successful in all the languages represented in Nunavut. Author Jeanie Joanasie explains its history, traditional uses, and stories about it. In the 28-page reader a young girl asks her grandmother about the ulu and why it is so important to the Inuit. Grandmother explains all the ways to use it as a tool for scraping, cutting, sewing, slicing, chopping and grinding. Grandmother tells her granddaughter to respect the ulu and how to take care of it. This leveled reader is Level 10 and has a text identified as Fountas & Pinnell Level: K.


text:
Te Papa Research Fellow Patrick Brownsey was recently contacted about a population near Levin of the very rare Ophioglossum petiolatum.
Ophioglossum are odd looking ferns, as befits a common name of "adder's tongue ferns". We don't have a picture of O. petiolatum (stalked adder's tongue fern), but the related O. coriaceum is similar; O. petiolatum has a rounder leaf and a longer fertile spike than shown in the drawing below.
Ophioglossum petiolatum has a Nationally Critical conservation status in New Zealand. More details and photos from the Plant Conservation Network.
Pat saw the Hokio population about 30 years ago, and wrote an article about it. A local landowner wanted to know if the population still persisted. Primary Science Teacher Fellow Wendy Hogg and I joined Pat for the hunt, but we were unsuccessful. The area is much changed, and it seems unlikely (but not impossible) that O. petiolatum survives near Levin. 1985 article about Ophioglossum petiolatum at Hokio (2.3 MB pdf).
However, we did find the unusual, floating liverwort Ricciocarpos natans. Although only a centimetre or two across, it is very distinctive. It has a Nationally Endangered conservation status, but it is probably under-collected, and may be more common than appreciated. Please look out for it amongst the "duckweed" on your local ponds!

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
NWO P14-18 i-CAVE
The I-Cave program strives to integrate automated and cooperative driving while maintaining safety, and including human factors in the design process. In i-CAVE a Cooperative Dual Mode Automated Transport (C-DMAT) system is researched and designed, consisting of dual mode vehicles which can be driven automatically and manually to allow maximum flexibility. The uniqueness of i-CAVE is it advances all enabling technologies that are required for safe, efficient, and effective automated and cooperative driving with dual-mode vehicles, while also addressing important human factor aspects. The central point is project 7 (Living lab/demonstrator). This is the joint real-world demonstrator platform which has a crucial role in the utilization of i-CAVE's research.
I-CAVE takes a unique pragmatic approach, by considering the cooperative and automated dual-mode principle. It is recognized that the ultimate goal is full automation (SAE level 5) but that many societal goals can already be achieved with lower levels of automation. The integrated research lines therefore specially consider vehicle automation technology that can be introduced step-by-step and that allows for seamlessly switching between human-controlled driving and cooperative automated driving, i.e. dual-mode driving, when possible and when wished for.
The program is a collaboration between four Dutch universities, and multiple commercial and municipal parties.
More information on i-Cave can be found on: _URL_


The Bolson Tortoise project was featured on NPR's 90 Second Naturalist podcast, which provides a daily glimpse into the natural world from Thane Maynard, President of the Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden.
The largest and rarest of the five North American tortoise species, the bolson tortoise is thought to have once lived throughout most of the Chihuahuan desert, but its current range is restricted to a small area in north central Mexico where the states of Durango, Chihuahua, and Coahuila meet. In an effort to prevent the species' extinction, TESF is working towards establishing free-ranging bolson tortoise populations on the Ladder and Armendaris Ranches in New Mexico, which lie at the northern tip of the tortoise's prehistoric range. In May 2017, Turner released the first captive-born Bolson Tortoises in the United States, 10 to 15 thousand years after they disappeared from the area.


text:
Origin and Etymology of mere
Examples of mere in a Sentence
the mere idea of your traveling alone to Europe is ridiculous
Definition of -mere
MERE Defined for English Language Learners
Definition of mere for English Language Learners
—used to say that something or someone is small, unimportant, etc.
—used to say that something small is important or has a big effect or influence
MERE Defined for Kids
Definition of mere for Students
- mere rumors
- a mere child
Seen and Heard
What made you want to look up mere? Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible).


LevelCheck Determines Capacitive Level in the Trough Accurately
9 November 2012, at 2:29pm
Traditional trough sensors for liquid feeding in pig production recognise only two states: the trough is full or the trough is empty. With LevelCheck, Big Dutchman now introduces an innovative sensor which precisely determines the trough capacitive levels at any time so that additional amounts of feed can now be mixed and discharged in small, fresh portions more reliably and more precisely than ever before.
Problematic reserve feeding times are therefore a thing of the past. In addition to the much improved trough hygiene, the pig producer can also profit from an improved feed intake of his pigs as he is now able to always provide the right amount of fresh liquid feed in small portions. LevelCheck furthermore determines the feeding speed during every meal. The computer automatically processes and graphically displays the data so that abnormal deviations in the pigs' feed intake and therefore possible illnesses can be detected more easily.
LevelCheck is based on the new principle of pneumatic capacitive level measurement. With this type of measurement, slightly pressurized air is blown through the sensor tube directly onto the remaining liquid feed in the trough.
The sensor tube is installed only 2-3 mm above the bottom of the trough. If the pressure of the supplied air is higher than the counter-pressure in the trough, there is still feed in the trough. The counter-pressure is therefore the measure determining the capacitive level, which is continuously checked.


Piano Lesson, The
1 Nominations
The Piano Lesson poster
1930's Pittsburgh, a brother comes home to claim "my half of the piano", a family heirloom; but his sister is not wanting to part with it. This is a glimpse of the conditions for African-Americans as well as some of the attitudes and influences on their lives. But whether he is able to sell the piano so that he can get enough money to buy some property and "no longer have to work for someone else" involves the story (or lesson) that the piano has to show him.
Season 1
Golden Globe Awards
1996 Nominee
1996 Nominee
Best Actor - Television Motion Picture
Charles S. Dutton


text:
Meshwerks was contracted to scan and model an experimental small-scale research power plant built by the US Department of Energy and Iowa State University/Ames Labs to be used in virtual simulations.
The Simulation, Modeling, and Decision Science program (SMDS) at Ames Laboratory focuses on the development of the computational tools, algorithms, understandings, and strategies needed to analyze, understand, create, design, and build complex engineered, natural, or human systems.
An in-simulation scene of the 3D content created by Meshwerks as used in the simulation system developed by the Virtual Engineering Research Laboratory within the Virtual Reality Applications Center at Iowa State University.
The Virtual Engineering Research Laboratory focuses on integration of information technologies and cognition into the engineering process to support decision making for, and the realization of, complex systems. The right hand side of this image is a photograph of the actual power plant.


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When displaying multiple rows of data, it is often needed that the data be sorted according to some columns specified by end users. Yii uses a yii\data\Sort object to represent the information about a sorting schema. In particular,
 - attributes specifies the attributes by which the data can be sorted. An attribute can be as simple as a model attribute. It can also be a composite one by combining multiple model attributes or DB columns. More details will be given in the following.
 - attributeOrders gives the currently requested ordering directions for each attribute.
 - orders gives the ordering directions in terms of the low-level columns.
To use yii\data\Sort, first declare which attributes can be sorted. Then retrieve the currently requested ordering information from attributeOrders or orders and use them to customize the data query. For example,
use yii\data\Sort;
$sort = new Sort([
 'attributes' => [
 'name' => [
 'asc' => ['first_name' => SORT_ASC, 'last_name' => SORT_ASC],
 'desc' => ['first_name' => SORT_DESC, 'last_name' => SORT_DESC],
 'default' => SORT_DESC,
 'label' => 'Name',
$articles = Article::find()
 ->where(['status' => 1])
In the above example, two attributes are declared for the Sort object: age and name.
The age attribute is a simple attribute corresponding to the age attribute of the Article Active Record class. It is equivalent to the following declaration:
'age' => [
 'asc' => ['age' => SORT_ASC],
 'desc' => ['age' => SORT_DESC],
 'default' => SORT_ASC,
 'label' => Inflector::camel2words('age'),
The name attribute is a composite attribute defined by first_name and last_name of Article. It is declared using the following array structure:
 - The asc and desc elements specify how to sort by the attribute in ascending and descending directions, respectively. Their values represent the actual columns and the directions by which the data should be sorted by. You can specify one or multiple columns to indicate simple ordering or composite ordering.
 - The default element specifies the direction by which the attribute should be sorted when initially requested. It defaults to ascending order, meaning if it is not sorted before and you request to sort by this attribute, the data will be sorted by this attribute in ascending order.
 - The label element specifies what label should be used when calling yii\data\Sort::link() to create a sort link. If not set, yii\helpers\Inflector::camel2words() will be called to generate a label from the attribute name. Note that it will not be HTML-encoded.
Info: You can directly feed the value of orders to the database query to build its ORDER BY clause. Do not use attributeOrders because some of the attributes may be composite and cannot be recognized by the database query.
You can call yii\data\Sort::link() to generate a hyperlink upon which end users can click to request sorting the data by the specified attribute. You may also call yii\data\Sort::createUrl() to create a sortable URL. For example,
// specifies the route that the URL to be created should use
// If you do not specify this, the currently requested route will be used
$sort->route = 'article/index';
// display links leading to sort by name and age, respectively
echo $sort->link('name').'| '. $sort->link('age');
// displays: /index.php?r=article%2Findex&sort=age
echo $sort->createUrl('age');
yii\data\Sort checks the sort query parameter to determine which attributes are being requested for sorting. You may specify a default ordering via yii\data\Sort::$defaultOrder when the query parameter is not present. You may also customize the name of the query parameter by configuring the sortParam property.
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text:
noun, plural: polar cells
In animals and humans, polar bodies are produced every after meiotic division. They are relatively smaller in size due to less cytoplasm compared to the gametocyte that will become the ovum. This is essential so that much of the cytoplasm is available and the chromosomal content is halved at the time of fertilization. The polar bodies will eventually degenerate.
Also called: polar body


Legal Maxim
Home » Persona Non Grata
Literal meaning
Person not welcome
This maxim has evolved in the field of diplomatic relations and such a declaration means that the foreign diplomat is unwelcome in that country; he is not permitted to enter or continue to stay in a particular country. Just as the principle of diplomatic immunity provides protection to the State sending the diplomat, this principle of persona non grata safeguards the interests of the receiving State. Such a statement could be given either before the diplomat even arrives at the receiving state, or after he has started carrying out his functions. Therefore, not every statement results in the diplomat's expulsion, but if it does, it has to be in conformity with Article 41 of the Vienna Convention, 1961.
State X sends a diplomat to State Y. Due to war, or severed relations between the States, or due to some offense committed by the diplomat, State X can issue a statement declaring the diplomat to be persona non grata (unwelcome) to their State.
In 2016, Surjeet Singh an Indian national was declared persona non grata by the Government of Pakistan. This happened shortly after the Government of India detained a Pakistani diplomat before his expulsion, thereby causing a violation of the Vienna Convention of 1961. Therefore, this incident was on account of the strained relations between the two states. This case led to his expulsion from the country.
In 2014, Devyani Khobragade incident occurred; she was an Indian diplomat in New York. She was accused of stating false information to enter the country, and committing visa fraud for her servant. Upon request, India refused to waive its immunity and charge the diplomat in the Court. Hence, the United States applied this principle and declared her an unwanted diplomat, leading to her expulsion from the country.
In 2013, Jagmeet Singh, was a Canadian MPP, was barred from traveling to India by application of this principle. He was the first sitting member from a Western Legislature, whose visa was canceled for travel to India. This was primarily based on the accusation that he was linked to the Khalistan Extremists settled in Canada, who had bombed Air Flight 182 causing a deadly incident.
This maxim has been written and submitted by Ms. Ayushi Goyal during her course of internship at B&B Associates LLP. Ms. Ayushi is a 4th-year law student at Christ University, Bangalore.


text:
A bag contains n discs, made up of red and blue colours. Two discs are removed from the bag.
If the probability of selecting two discs of the same colour is 1/2, what can you say about the number of discs in the bag?
Let there be r red discs, so P(RB) = r/n (nr)/(n1), similarly,
P(BR) = (nr)/n r/(n1).
Therefore, P(different) = 2r(nr)/(n(n1)) = 1/2.
Giving the quadratic, 4r2 4nr + n2 n = 0.
Solving, r = (nn)/2.
If n is an odd square, n will be odd, and similarly, when n is an even square, n will be even. Hence their sum/difference will be even, and divisible by 2.
In other words, n being a perfect square is both a sufficient and necessary condition for r to be integer and the probability of the discs being the same colour to be 1/2.
Prove that n(n+1)/2 (a triangle number), must be square, for the probability of the discs being the same colour to be 3/4, and find the smallest n for which this is true.
What does this tell us about n and n(n+1)/2 both being square?
Can you prove this result directly?


text:
OCUL Operating Principles
All OCUL projects and initiatives must align with the following principles:
- OCUL initiatives are developed and sustained in a climate that encourages new ideas, enables effective collaboration and builds consensus.
- Initiatives are proposed, considered and agreed upon according to OCUL's governance practices and the Rules of the OCUL Bylaws.
- Initiatives must be congruent with the OCUL strategic plan.
- Initiatives must balance risk (financial, legal, reputational, etc.) with opportunity (new relationships, new revenue streams, etc.)
- Initiatives involving subsets of OCUL members are OCUL initiatives when they are enabled by OCUL (i.e., opt-in, cost recovery services).
- Initiatives involving subsets of OCUL members may be considered as OCUL initiatives when there is some likelihood of others joining at a later date, when information about the work is regularly shared with the membership as a whole, and when OCUL as a whole is expected to benefit from the experiences of the subgroup.
- Initiatives must respect (and not jeopardize) COU's status as an association of not-for-profit members.


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I'm new to Hadoop and was curious about the commandline messages from my pig script.
Total records written : 7676
Total bytes written : 341396
Spillable Memory Manager spill count : 103
Total bags proactively spilled: 39
Total records proactively spilled: 32389322
The end result is indicated to be a "Success!". I am still not sure. What do these numbers above mean?
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
up vote 4 down vote accepted
The first two shows the total records/bytes written to HDFS by your MR job.
It can happen, that during a MR job not all records fit into the memory. Spill counters indicate how many records have been written to the local disks of your datanodes to avoid running out of memory.
Pig uses two methods to control the memory usage and do a spill if necessary:
1. Spillable Memory Manager:
This is like a central place where the spillable bags are registered. In case of low memory this manager goes through the list of the registered bags and performs a GC.
2. Proactive (self) spilling:
Bags can also spill themselves if their memory limit is reached (see pig.cachedbag.memusage)
Back to the statistics you have:
 - Total bags proactively spilled: # of bags that have been spilled
 - Total records proactively spilled: # of records in those bags
It's always good to check the spill stats of your job since lot of spilling may indicate huge performance hit that need to be avoided.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


Reference > Transforms > Intersect
<< Click to Display Table of Contents >>
Navigation: Reference > Transforms >
Keep only rows from the top dataset with key values that are present in the lower dataset.
The output depends on the vertical (Y-axis) position of the inputs.
Select Top key column for the column you want to match in the top input dataset.
Select Bottom key column for the column you want to match in the bottom input dataset.
If there are 10k rows or less in both datasets, Easy Data Transform will try to guess sensible default values for Top key column and Bottom key column based on column header names and contents.
If the first input has a header, this will be used for the output.
All values are treated as text and comparisons are case and whitespace sensitive. You can use Case to change the case and Whitespace to remove whitespace before the intersect.
Does not remove duplicates. You can use Unique to do this.
You can use Concat Cols to join several columns together (e.g. 'first name' and 'last name' columns) to form a key column.
You can use Row Num to create a unique key column.
See also


text:
Mothers of autistic children earn 56% less income, study says
(CBS News) When a child in the family has autism, parents and siblings often devote extra time and financial resources to ensure the best possible outcomes for the child's future. A new study puts a number on the financial toll the disorder takes on families each year.
On average, family earnings when a child has autism are 28 percent lower than those of a child without a health limitation, the study found - nearly $18,000 less money for the family per year.
"Our results suggest a significant economic burden for families of children with ASD, especially for mothers," study co-author Dr. Zuleyha Cidav, a postdoctoral mental health researcher at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, said in a university written statement.
For the study, published in the March 19 issue of Pediatrics, Penn researchers looked at data collected between 2002 and 2008 on about 260 families with autism. The researchers compared the financial data with that of nearly 3,000 families with a child with another health limitation, and 64,000 families who have children without any health limitations.
Earnings were 21 percent lower in families with an autistic child, compared with families of a child who has another health limitation.
The study also found moms were hit hardest: Mothers of children with autism earned 56 percent less money - almost $15,000 per year - than moms of children who didn't have a health problem, and 35 percent less money -nearly $7,200 - than moms of a child with a health issue other than autism.
"If you say this to any mother of a child with autism, they know this is happening," study co-author Dr. David Mandell, told the Huffington Post. "I don't think this is any kind of news for those families."
Moms in the study were 6 percent less likely to have a job, and on average worked 7 hours less than mothers of children without a health limitation. Fathers' employment was not financially impacted by having an autistic child, the researchers found.
"Mothers are often the primary caregiver and decision maker, and therefore have to devote considerable personal resources to obtaining health care services for their children," Cidav said. "It is not surprising that, because of these additional responsibilities, these women are less likely to work, work fewer hours per week, and earn substantially less than mothers of children with no health limitation."
Some experts feel that if state and federal agencies did more for families with autism, moms wouldn't have to be the primary advocate for their kid at the expense of their paychecks.
"By putting their kids first, these decisions result in lower and more unstable family income," Guillermo Montes, a researcher at St. John Fisher College in Rochester, New York, who was not involved in the study, told Reuters Health. "State legislatures, employers and the federal government have to engage these families in a conversation about how to best assist them.
Mandell added in the statement that more community-based resources are needed to support families and their work obligations, and agreed new policy is needed to help support families.
About one in 110 children in the U.S. have an autism spectrum disorder, which includes Asperger syndrome, pervasive developmental disorder, and more severe forms of autism.
The National Institute of Child Health & Human Development has more on autism.
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text:
This chapter examines the sociological roots of the current problems in contemporary policing. Employing Pierre Bourdieu's concepts of field, habitus, capital, and doxa the chapter begins by highlighting the cultural mechanisms that maintain and reproduce ineffective policing practices. In an example from Wilmington, Delaware in the United States, the authors show how the 'game' on the field of policing focusses primarily on law enforcement outputs. This game shapes the worldview and dispositions of officers (habitus). Police officers are recognised and rewarded (capital) for acting in ways that align with the game's logic. This process creates the condition doxa, in which the socially constructed and changeable field of policing is mistaken for natural way it should be. This chapter also considers why perspectives on police reform diverge and what this means for the future of policing in an age of reform.
Nolan, James; Hinkle, Joshua C.; and Molnar, Zsolt, "Changing the Game: A Sociological Perspective on Police Reform" (2020). CJC Publications. 34.


text:
OpenSSL version numbers are formatted as n1.n2.n3x, where n1-3 are numbers and x, if present, is one or more letters. These can change depending on the release type:
- Major releases that change one/both of the first two digits, which can break compatibility with previous versions
- Minor releases that change the last digit, e.g. 1.1.0 vs. 1.1.1, can and are likely to contain new features, but in a way that does not break binary compatibility. This means that an application compiled and dynamically linked with 1.1.0 does not need to be recompiled when the shared library is updated to 1.1.1. It should be noted that some features are transparent to the application such as the maximum negotiated TLS version and cipher suites, performance improvements and so on. There is no need to recompile applications to benefit from these features.
- Letter releases, such as 1.0.2a, exclusively contain bug and security fixes and no new features.
The full release strategy for OpenSSL is available here
Finding the current version
The command line tool version can be used to determine the installed OpenSSL version.
Header file opensslv.h also contains information about the version number.


text:
or birch-pitch is a substance (liquid when heated) derived from the dry distillation
of the wood of the birch
. It is therefore pyroligneous.
Birch-tar was used widely as an adhesive as early as the late Paleolithic or early Mesolithic era. It has also been used as a disinfectant, in leather dressing, and in medicine.
It is compounded of guaiacol, phenols, cresol, xylenol, and creosol.


Definición de ping en inglés:
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Pronunciación: /piNG/
1A short high-pitched ringing sound, as of a tap on a crystal glass: the syncopated ping of steel drums
Más ejemplos en oraciones
 - The gun's trigger guard cracked with a high-pitched ping, but the sound was pretty much lost in the screaming.
 - Beeps, blips and pings are the everyday sounds that we live with, thanks to our push-button gizmos and fast-paced lifestyle.
 - It will be interesting now to see, when the oven pings, if the whole confection really is a recipe for success.
1.1A percussive knocking sound, especially in an internal combustion engine: if any sign of engine ping occurs
Más ejemplos en oraciones
 - The engine pings, but there's something else, too, very far away.
 - Once you're there, though, the knocks and pings always seem to disappear, leaving you with a lot of explaining to do.
 - The engine developed a mysterious wheeze and ping.
1Make or cause to make a ping: [no object]: the doorbell pinged [with object]: Victoria pinged the bell
Más ejemplos en oraciones
 - Eventually he rams it into gear and inches it backward as the line tightens slowly until a sound like a rifle report pings through the chassis.
 - The sergeant was interrupted by the sound of machine gun bullets pinging on the craft's armor.
 - The sound has pierced through the windows and is pinging off the stone walls in the courtyard.
2 [with object] Computing Query (another computer on a network) to determine whether there is a connection to it.
Oraciones de ejemplo
 - To test your IPv6 connection, first try pinging something with the ping6 program on both the gateway and a connected host.
 - Try pinging or otherwise connecting to hosts on the remote network; the connection should behave no differently from before when you brought the tunnel up.
 - The laptop sitting on the center console continuously pinging at the networks being discovered.
2.1Contact a person briefly (especially electronically): he just pinged me, pointing to a breaking news story
Más ejemplos en oraciones
 - I guess you could think of pinging as eye contact via mobile phone; just enough information is conveyed to be useful, but not so much that it disrupts what you're already doing.
 - Some people ping us directly, and most of the rest comes from blogs - which polls once an hour.
 - To get blogs is easy nowadays and so you just spam by writing pseudo blogs and linking and pinging.
Mid 19th century: imitative.
 - This word imitates the noise. The game ping-pong got its name in the early 20th century from the sound of a bat striking a ball.
Palabras que riman con ping
Beijing, bing, bring, Chungking, cling, ding, dingaling, fling, I Ching, king, Kunming, ling, Ming, Nanjing, Peking, ring, sing, Singh, sling, spring, sting, string, swing, Synge, thing, ting, wing, wring, Xining, zing
For editors and proofreaders
División en sílabas: ping
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¿Qué te llama la atención de esta palabra o frase?


text:
Carboni, Gianluca (2011) Evaluation of conservation tillage and rotation with legumes as adaptation and mitigation strategies of climate change on durum wheat in Sardinia. Doctoral Thesis.
This study aimed to evaluate the interaction between conservation tillage and rotation with legumes on durum wheat phenology and production, in climate change conditions. The CSM-CERES-Wheat model (DSSAT beta 4.5), in combination with a stochastic Weather Generator (WG), were used to assess climate change impacts and suggest adaptation strategies to cope with climate change. Twenty-seven climate change scenarios (GCMs-based), obtained with the pattern scaling technique considering three values of climate sensitivity and four emission scenarios, for the periods 2025, 2050 and 2075, were used. The direct and indirect effects of projected changes in atmospheric CO2 concentrations, on the alternative cropping systems, were evaluated. The results on yield, for present climate conditions, showed a substantial indifference between tillage practices, whereas the crop rotation with legumes favoured quantity and quality of grain yield. This behaviour has been observed also in simulations carried out using future climate change scenarios, that, however, showed a high variability depending on the wide range of climate scenarios used mainly in the more distant future periods. The uncertainties linked to climate sensitivity, emission scenarios and atmospheric CO2 concentrations are among the main causes of this wide variability. The application of conservation tillage might be recommended in this region because permits a more environmentally and economically sustainable management.
I documenti depositati in UnissResearch sono protetti dalle leggi che regolano il diritto d'autore
Repository Staff Only: item control page


MONCTON, N.B. -- At Moncton's Magnetic Hill Zoo, there's no shortage of things to see. From omnivores to herbivores, the zoo draws in hundreds of thousands of people every year.
The director of the zoo, Jill Marvin, hopes to create an even bigger draw by adding an African safari-themed expansion.
"We'll have African black-footed penguins in a new exhibit, then they will go off into the large Africa area, we have new habitats going up for our meerkats, for our that's phase one," says Marvin.
Marvin says phase one is estimated at $7.6 million and the goal is to have it completed by 2024.
"Sixty per cent of that is providing suitable habitats for our animals," said Marvin.
The zoo is looking to collaborate with the city, and the federal and provincial governments, on the project.
On Monday, Moncton city council directed staff to gather further information, including an economic impact study, preliminary design, and detailed cost estimates, to be brought back during the upcoming 2022 budget deliberations.
"They understand how this is a value to our region, it's a value to tourism, to our social pillar, and a great opportunity for people to get outdoors," says Marvin.
If approved, it would allow the zoo to expand and renovate current animal exhibits, while adding new exhibits for species like penguins and meerkats.
Over time, the project would include additional indoor habitats for animals that can't be exposed to colder temperatures, which will also extend the number of months that the zoo can be open.
The second phase is estimated to cost $11.2 million and has several elements, including providing the flamingos and otters with new habitats. Marvin says they'd like to see that completed by 2027.
"It will give an opportunity for our visitors to go out into some of our enclosures with our herbivores."
Marvin says the third phase will include a new events building and exhibits to house red river hogs and a giraffe.


text:
Online Documentation for SQL Manager for MySQL
Stored functions are routines that are available in 5.x and later versions of MySQL server. A Stored function is a set of SQL commands that returns the result and can be stored in the server. Once this is done, clients do not need to keep re-issuing the individual commands but can refer to the stored function instead.
Function Editor allows you to define function properties. It opens automatically when you create a new function and is available on editing an existing one.
To open a function in Function Editor, double-click it in the DB Explorer tree.
- Using Navigation bar and Toolbar
- Creating/editing function
- Browsing object dependencies
- Editing function description
- Viewing DDL definition
- Executing function


Dictionary.com Word FAQs
What is the difference between rack, wrack, wreak, and wreck?
To wreak is to inflict vengeance; to wreck is to damage or destroy. Wreak is not found often in English except in the idiom wreak havoc. Wrack as a verb is obsolete but means 'to avenge or revenge; to punish', 'to undergo ruin'. Rack as a verb is used figuratively to mean 'to chalk up; to achieve' and 'to torture; to cause severe pain' (as in the rack as an instrument of torture). It is also used to mean 'to obtain through coercion or intimidation'. Examples: She racked up points in the pool game. Pain racked his body. He racked his brain for the answer. Wrack as a noun means 'destruction' and occurs mainly in wrack and ruin. The word rack is a variant and can be used in that phrase.
Copyright © 2015 Dictionary.com, LLC. All rights reserved.
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text:
"masculinity" French translation
These constructions of masculinity are present even within the family relationship.
'Hegemonic masculinity' is a concept that draws upon the ideas of Gramsci.
ILO had examined the influence of men and masculinity on employment issues.
Moreover, masculinity is measured socially by the number of children a man fathers.
They are also thought to be immalleable in their conceptions of gender and masculinity.
Synonyms (English) for "masculinity":
Usage examples for "masculinity" in French
marvelous · Marxism · Mary · Maryland · Marylander · Marylanders · marzipan · mascara · mascot · masculine · masculinity · mash · mash-up · mashed · mashup · mask · maslovite · masochism · masochist · masochistic · Mason
More translations in the English-Indonesian dictionary.


text:
Monday, 14 January 2019
The Pears National Centre for Autism Education
This one day session is designed for staff who have a leadership role that includes responsibility for developing provision for pupils on the autism spectrum within a school setting.
The training will:
- Enhance delegate's knowledge and understanding of good autism practice
- Help delegates to question, evaluate and develop autism practice within their setting
- Provide delegates with the tools to audit staff skills and identify training needs
- Develop skills and knowledge so that delegates can support their organisation to meet/exceed the requirements of external reviewers such as Ofsted and be compliant with legislative requirements.


text:
Immigrant Population In Barcelona: Residential Characteristics And Use Of Public Space
The arrival of numerous immigrant populations in the last decade is causing deep changes in the physical and social morphology of the Spanish cities. This population locates in specific areas of our cities and has distinct settlement patterns from those of the native population. Likewise, the characteristics of their housing and the use that they make of the public space are different from those of the rest of the population. In this paper does a characterization of the physical conditions of the dwellings where this population live and of the public space that the immigrants use and the social consequences that these challenges involve. The territorial area of the research is the Metropolitan Region of Barcelona. It has been developed in different neighborhoods of the RMB with different urban and demographic characteristics and with a high concentration of immigrant population. The methodology used has been a combination of quantitative and qualitative techniques. First of all, a quantitative approach on the housing and the public space of the zone of studied has been made. Afterwards, different qualitative methods to study the results in depth (participant observation, interviews, analysis of photographies) have been used. Keywords: immigrant population, housing, public space, qualitative
|Date of creation:||Sep 2011|
|Date of revision:|
|Contact details of provider:|| Postal: |
Web page: _URL_
When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:wiw:wiwrsa:ersa10p1353. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.
For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: (Gunther Maier)
If references are entirely missing, you can add them using this form.


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Event Listeners
AnyChart charting library supports the possibility to handle Gantt Chart events. In this tutorial we will list all available events, explain when they are dispatched and what data is available in them. There is also some useful information about how to create an event handler and how to use the data coming from AnyGantt.
First, you need to create a listener to handle the specific event. In general Event Listeners Article you can find more information about creating these JavaScript functions.
Event Types
It is important to keep in mind that JavaScript Resource Gantt Chart and JavaScript Project Gantt Chart are almost identical in terms of data hierarchy.
So the information presented below applies to both chart types, except some details. These are events available for Gantt Chart:
Event Description
rowClick Dispatched when mouse click event happened.
rowDblClick Dispatched when mouse double click event happened.
rowMouseMove Dispatched when mouse move event happened.
rowMouseOver Dispatched when mouse over event happened.
rowMouseOut Dispatched when mouse out event happened.
rowMouseDown Dispatched when mouse down event happened.
rowMouseUp Dispatched when mouse up event happened.
rowSelect Dispatched when some row is selected.
rowCollapseExpand Dispatched when an item that contains other items expands or collapses.
All events return all available data about an active row.
To listen an event use the code below:
//choose an event type from table above:
chart.listen(anychart.enums.EventType.ROW_CLICK, function(event) {
var msg = event['item'].get('name');
if (event['period']) msg += '\nPeriod:'+ event['period']['id'];
return msg;
As you can see from the code above, it is possible to get any information about the item from the event - it contains some useful fields. Here is a list of supported types of information:
Event Field Description
.item It is a Data Item that displays the active row.
.hoveredIndex Contains an index of active row.
.period Contains an active period.
.periodIndex Contains an index of active period.
This sample with Project Gantt Chart demonstrates the usage of this feature. Click on a row to change the Chart title:
JsFiddle Playground
Default Events
When you click on a row or move the mouse over the row, there are some default actions take place.
Events are dispatched in the following order on every click:
 1. rowMouseDown
 2. rowMouseUp
 3. rowClick (which is the same as rowMouseDown + rowMouseUp)
 4. rowSelect
Event Type Default Behaviour
rowMouseUp Makes the row selected.
rowClick Makes the row selected (contains rowMouseUp).
rowDBlclick Collapse/expand items.
rowMouseMove Reports the hovered point state.
rowMouseOver Makes the row hovered.
rowMouseOut Unhovers the row.
Prevent Defaults
To prevent these events dispatching you can use the special method.preventDefault().
In this case these events won't be reported by the chart. Let's disable the default behaviour for the clicks. The sample below illustrates this idea.
chart.listen(anychart.enums.EventType.ROW_CLICK, function(e) {
JsFiddle Playground


Definition of Phlegmatic
1. Adjective. Showing little emotion. "A phlegmatic...and certainly undemonstrative man"
Exact synonyms: Phlegmatical
Similar to: Unemotional
Derivative terms: Phlegm, Phlegm, Phlegm, Phlegm
Definition of Phlegmatic
1. a. Watery.
Definition of Phlegmatic
1. Adjective. Not easily excited to action or passion; calm; sluggish. ¹
2. Adjective. (archaic) Abounding in phlegm; as, phlegmatic humors; a phlegmatic constitution. ¹
3. Adjective. Generating, causing, or full of phlegm. ¹
4. Adjective. Watery. ¹
5. Noun. One who has a phlegmatic disposition. ¹
¹ Source:
Definition of Phlegmatic
1. [adj]
Medical Definition of Phlegmatic
1. 1. Watery. "Aqueous and phlegmatic." 2. Abounding in phlegm; as, phlegmatic humors; a phlegmatic constitution. 3. Generating or causing phlegm. "Cold and phlegmatic habitations." 4. Not easily excited to action or passion; cold; dull; sluggish; heavy; as, a phlegmatic person. Phlegmatic temperament, lymphatic temperament. See Lymphatic. Origin: L. Phlegmaticus, Gr., cf. F. Phlegmatique. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998)
Phlegmatic Pictures
Lexicographical Neighbors of Phlegmatic
phlebotomus fever
phlebotomus fever viruses
phlegmasia alba dolens
phlegmasia cerulea dolens
phlegmasia dolens
phlegmasia malabarica
phlegmatic (current term)
Literary usage of Phlegmatic
1. Psychology, Or, A View of the Human Soul: Including Anthropology, Adapted by Friedrich August Rauch (1853)
"V The phlegmatic Temperament. In this, self-possession prevails, which does not... The phlegmatic temperament has frequently been wronged, and looked on as..."
"CHAP, phlegmatic people, ignorant of his language, was transLIX ported by the pathetic vehemence of hie tone and gestures ; and his progress,..."
3. The Domestic World: A Practical Guide in All the Daily Difficulties of the by Robert Kemp Philp (1872)
"In sanguine and choleric the outline is convex ; phlegmatic and melancholic outline with... phlegmatic. — The body bears a large proportion to the limbs,..."
4. The Principles of Medical Psychology: Being the Outlines of a Course of Lectures by Ernst Feuchtersleben, Benjamin Guy Babington (1847)
"... the same, with slow, but enduring activity, gives the phlegmatic temperament.1 § 50. The sanguine temperament manifests, on the psychical side,..."
5. The Institutes of Medicine by Martyn Paine (1867)
"THE phlegmatic, OR LYMPHATIC TEMPERAMENT. 600, a. The phlegmatic is characterized by slothfulness of mind, and by a simpler display of vegetative life than..."
6. The History of America by William Robertson (1800)
"... evidence that they muft be p^P1"'"^ TH-V'either a very gentle, or of a very phlegmatic temper, who,..."
7. The History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England by Edward Hyde Clarendon (1807)
"... he made hafte to retract that confidence, and was in all his difpatches afterwards phlegmatic enough;..."
Other Resources Relating to: Phlegmatic
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EBHB received funding from the North Valley Community Foundation (NVCF) through the Aaron Rodgers NorCal Recovery Fund to coordinate planning and programming to reduce youth and adult trauma through an increase in sports and physical activity as post-disaster intervention strategies.
The following were the overall project goals and objectives:
Goal 1: Build Healthy Community Initiatives through collaboration and an integrated approach to increase physical activity as an intervention to reduce youth and adult trauma post-disaster.
Goal 2: Implement place-based recovery strategies to facilitate increasing sports, recreation, play, physical activity and create health-enhancing community infrastructure.
Objective 1: Create a Health, Wellness, Physical Activity Task Force comprised of stakeholders in health and wellness, education and sports to build healthy community initiatives addressing long-term recovery.
Objective 2: Identify/coordinate needs, goals, and activities of regional stakeholders in health, education, and youth sports to address trauma reduction post-Camp Fire.
Objective 3: Develop an implementation plan for supporting models and space for healthy communities, including sports and physical activity as post disaster interventions.
The Health, Wellness, and Physical Activity Task Force was formed in August 2019. The Task Force was comprised of stakeholders in health and wellness, education and sports to build healthy community initiatives addressing long-term recovery.
Overview of Task Force:
- 16 different organizations
- 40 individuals participating in meetings
- As word of Task Force and purpose spread, new individuals and organizations have joined
- Three Task Force meetings –
- August 28, 2019,
- October 15, 2019,
- January 15, 2020 – agreed to continue meeting.
One of the goals was to develop an implementation plan for supporting models and space for healthy communities, including sports and physical activity as post disaster interventions.
The Task Force recommended that EBHB assume a leadership role in a public awareness campaign with common messaging around the role of physical activity as a vehicle for trauma reduction. The Public Awareness Campaign would also highlight the 8 Plays from Project Play.
The Task Force embraces the National Recreation and Park ProgramRX for Play/Parks and recommended implementation.
The following diagram represents the work of the Task Force.


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Contraceptive against rape - Cameroon2011-05-02–2011-05-25
In Cameroon one of five women is the victim of either rape or attempted rape. And the average age of victims is falling. Every other victim is between ten and 15-years-old. That is one reason many Cameroonian mothers now consider breasts on a young woman as dangerous. That fear has given rise to the phenomenon of "breast ironing." The process entails using hot objects to massage and burn the skin on the chest of young girls in an attempt to hinder the development of their breasts. At the root of this phenomenon lies the relative powerlessness of mother's in trying to protect their daughters.


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Explanation of the basic parameters to configure a downlight, example deployable to any non-fluorescent lighting fixture, connected to a single phase power system with a voltage of 230V.
On the Autodesk WikiHelp page there is an explanation for each parameter seen in the video above. It is a good starting point to understand these type of connectors.
The spaces generated in the model can not be removed by deleting them from the view you are working, they still remain in the model. The way to do it is through the tables, in the next video we do this exercise:
The spaces must have well defined boundaries to provide the information without any error. The parameter "room bounding" is a parameter that should have activated all the elements that can define a space limit (pillars, ceiling plates, etc).
Despite being a parameter "associated" to architecture, it is important to know its functionality, for his successful activation will cause polymer fume a correct analysis of thermal loads.
Attached video explaining how to use the "space tool" and focused on the limitation of "offset".
Ayudanos a mantener este sitio


Review: The Wim Hof method (Wim Hof)
The Iceman; who doesn't know him? He proved himself worldwide by climbing Mount Everest on his bare feet and also held the world record for swimming under ice for a long time. The whole world and even science is amazed at the things Wim Hof can do with his body and his meditation. And now you can also experience it yourself. You can find out the secret of The Iceman, Wim Hof. Wim Hof's secret is now available on the internet as a course and we are going to be reviewing that product, the Wim Hof Method, today.
Who or what is behind the Wim Hof Method?
You almost wouldn't believe it, but the person behind the Wim Hof Method is… *drum roll*… Wim Hof! Who'd have thought it 😉 Wim Hof has a proven track record for holding various records that are primarily related to the cold. He holds the record for sitting in ice again and for a long time he held the record for longest distance of swimming under the ice. Wim Hof's statements are criticized because he draws conclusions from scientific studies that scientists do not agree with. But it still remains a fact that he can do things with his body and the accompaniment of breathing exercises and meditation, which seem nearly impossible to ordinary people.
Wim Hof
Wim Hof
What promises does the Wim Hof Method make?
Wim Hof claims that you can unleash your inner power using his method. Everyone has it in them and Wim Hof is one of the few people who is actually capable of doing this. By unleashing your inner power through breathing techniques, you can boost your immune system and increase your energy levels. Wim clearly stresses that his method is not about curing illnesses, but only about making you resistant to diseases. Your stress levels will also go down if you apply the exercises from the Wim Hof Method correctly. It is hard to measure the claims being made, but the experiences of people who have taken this course are fairly positive, but more about that later.
What do you get when you buy The Wim Hof Method?
The total Wim Hof Method consists of a 10-week course, during which videos show you what to do. Wim is the person who, with a group of others, demonstrates the exercises and gives you tips about what to do and what not to do during the exercises. You get a workbook for recording all your results and several Bonus ebooks: the ebook The Wim Hof Method, in which he explains the principle behind his method and his book Becoming the Iceman. The videos are in English, but will soon be available in other languages, like Dutch, German and French. And finally, you will also get access to a closed Facebook group where you can exchange experiences and tips with fellow course participants.
What is the total price of the Wim Hof Method?
The price of the 10-week course, called the Wim Hof Method, is $247.00 dollars, or, €179.00 euros. This may seem like a lot of money, but other 10-week meditation courses often cost around €300 euros and they won't teach you the special breathing techniques that make Wim Hof's course so special. The advantages of strengthening the immune system is also something you won't find at a regular meditation course. We can safely say that Wim Hof's course is the only one of its kind and even that science agrees that users of the Wim Hof Method are able to influence their immune system. If you put that into the equation for the price of a 10-week course, the price is pretty good. Plus, you get to do in your own time 😉
What do others think of the Wim Hof Method?
Looking at the responses from other clients that have bought the Wim Hof Method, the majority are positive. We see responses like: " I took a meditation course in Thailand that had less content than Wim Hof's course and Wim Hof's course is many times cheaper," and "The method Wim Hof taught me has definitely had an enormously positive effect on my life and my physical condition." If we were to go by the responses from clients, we can say with near certainty that the course actually has had a positive effect on the buyers. We also saw some negative reactions, but they were mainly about Wim Hof's philosophy and not specifically about this course. These detractors are mostly from the Netherlands, where people are tired of all the attention he has been getting in the media. Again, this does not tell us anything about the Wim Hof Method.
Wim Hof Method
Wim Hof Method
The method that Wim uses and the claims he makes are often presented as quackery in the media, but if are to believe the many positive responses, that is far from the truth. The breathing techniques and the Cold Water Therapy that Wim prescribes definitely help you strengthen your immune system and prevent stress. If you add to that all the other extras that Wim offers at a price that is less than of the average Meditation course, we can only say that this is a unique product. The videos are clear and informative and help you to reach your goal, step by step. The goal is to feel better, more fit and more relaxed. We thought the Cold Water Therapy was a bit intense at first, but ultimately it was worth it. You body seems to get used to it pretty fast. All in all, we feel the Wim Hof Method is an excellent product.
We hope this review has answered the following questions for you:
 - Can Wim Hof be trusted or is he a scam?
 - Is the Wim Hof Method worth your money, or is it a rip-off?
 - What are people's experiences with the Wim Hof Method by Wim Hof?
 - Are there any coupons or discounts for the Wim Hof Method by Wim Hof?
Do you have experience with or questions about the Wim Hof Method by Wim Hof? Leave a message below!
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Let's create two tables. The capitals table contains state capitals which are also cities. Naturally, the capitals table should inherit from cities.
CREATE TABLE cities ( name text, population float, altitude int -- (in ft) ); CREATE TABLE capitals ( state char(2) ) INHERITS (cities);
In this case, a row of capitals inherits all attributes (name, population, and altitude) from its parent, cities. The type of the attribute name is text, a native PostgreSQL type for variable length ASCII strings. The type of the attribute population is float, a native PostgreSQL type for double precision floating-point numbers. State capitals have an extra attribute, state, that shows their state. In PostgreSQL, a table can inherit from zero or more other tables, and a query can reference either all rows of a table or all rows of a table plus all of its descendants.
Note: The inheritance hierarchy is actually a directed acyclic graph.
For example, the following query finds the names of all cities, including state capitals, that are located at an altitude over 500ft:
SELECT name, altitude FROM cities WHERE altitude > 500;
name | altitude -----------+---------- Las Vegas | 2174 Mariposa | 1953 Madison | 845
On the other hand, the following query finds all the cities that are not state capitals and are situated at an altitude over 500ft:
SELECT name, altitude FROM ONLY cities WHERE altitude > 500; name | altitude -----------+---------- Las Vegas | 2174 Mariposa | 1953
Here the "ONLY" before cities indicates that the query should be run over only cities and not tables below cities in the inheritance hierarchy. Many of the commands that we have already discussed -- SELECT, UPDATE and DELETE -- support this "ONLY" notation.
In some cases you may wish to know which table a particular tuple originated from. There is a system column called TABLEOID in each table which can tell you the originating table:
SELECT c.tableoid, c.name, c.altitude FROM cities c WHERE c.altitude > 500;
tableoid | name | altitude ----------+-----------+---------- 139793 | Las Vegas | 2174 139793 | Mariposa | 1953 139798 | Madison | 845
(If you try to reproduce this example, you will probably get different numeric OIDs.) By doing a join with pg_class you can see the actual table names:
SELECT p.relname, c.name, c.altitude FROM cities c, pg_class p WHERE c.altitude > 500 and c.tableoid = p.oid;
relname | name | altitude ----------+-----------+---------- cities | Las Vegas | 2174 cities | Mariposa | 1953 capitals | Madison | 845
Deprecated: In previous versions of PostgreSQL, the default was not to get access to child tables. This was found to be error prone and is also in violation of the SQL standard. Under the old syntax, to get the sub-tables you append * to the table name. For exampleSELECT * from cities*;
You can still explicitly specify scanning child tables by appending *, as well as explicitly specify not scanning child tables by writing "ONLY". But beginning in version 7.1, the default behavior for an undecorated table name is to scan its child tables too, whereas before the default was not to do so. To get the old default behavior, set the configuration option SQL_Inheritance to off, e.g.,SET SQL_Inheritance TO OFF;
or add a line in your postgresql.conf file.
A limitation of the inheritance feature is that indexes (including unique constraints) and foreign key constraints only apply to single tables, not to their inheritance children. Thus, in the above example, specifying that another table's column REFERENCES cities(name) would allow the other table to contain city names but not capital names. This deficiency will probably be fixed in some future release.


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With the expected rise in space tourism, we think that there may become a time when we're building a Moon Hotel, but we're a bit stuck on what we think it might look like. We'd love to see your pupils' ideas on what a Moon Hotel could look like, what weird and wacky features they might include and how they will overcome the environmental issues on the Moon.
Using the list of facts about the Moon below and children's own knowledge and research, we'd like them to design a poster or pamphlet. We'd like pupils to think about food, water, air, gravity, and how people will get there. How would it be different from hotels on earth? What would people need to survive? How would they get around? What cool things would there be inside for people to do?
Children must draw a poster or write a pamphlet explaining their hotel, the features they have added to it and why they have chosen to do certain things e.g., build a greenhouse to grow food.
The poster or pamphlet should be aimed at attracting people to visit your Moon Hotel by advertising the features of the establishment.
Facts About The Moon
1. The Moon orbits the Earth and is the only natural satellite
2. The same side always faces the Earth, meaning we have never seen the far side from our planet (although there are pictures taken from satellites that have gone all the way around). This is called tidal-locking and happens because the Moons rotation is the same speed as the Earths.
3. The temperature is -233°C to +123°C
4. The Moon's orbit controls the Earths tides
5. The Moon is moving away from the Earth at a speed of 3.8cm a year
6. You would weigh less on the surface of the Moon because it has less gravity and would also mean lighter objects might float away into space
7. There is no atmosphere on the Moon and therefore no protection from outer-space or things like the suns rays, comets, and high winds
8. There are many moonquakes, causing fractures and ruptures that happen every week
9. It takes 3 days in a spaceship to get to the Moon
10. There are sources of oxygen on the Moon, but the lack of atmosphere means that there is no way of keeping it near the surface (like it is on Earth) meaning you can't breathe the air
Lower KS2: Draw a poster to attract people to visit a new hotel on the Moon
Upper KS2: Design a pamphlet to explain a new hotel on the Moon and attract people to visit
Start date: 26th March 2019
Close date: 14th June 2019
Winners announced: 28th June 2019
What we're looking for in the winning entry: Clear link between the environment on the Moon and the hotel features, i.e. a 0-gravity room for entertainment, a greenhouse to grow food, cylinders to make water, oxygen pumps etc.
Clear descriptions of their ideas, explaining why they have chosen certain things and what the purpose of everything is.
Extra points to children who consider the journey to the Moon.
There will be only one winner from both upper and lower KS2.
The prize for pupils: Selection of goodies from the European Space Agency and a selection of activities and investigations they can do at home
The prize for school: 1 year's free subscription to Empiribox
HOW TO ENTER
Download templates for pupils' to use.
You can enter by submitting your pupils' posters and pamphlets via post;
FAO Sam Saul
Rutherford and Appleton Laboratory
R71, Office 17a
By email: Upload your posters to dropbox, google docs or another shared folder and send a link to _EMAIL_. Please ensure that digital entries are scanned in full colour with all pages clearly visible.
To allow us to contact the lucky winners quickly, every entry must have the school name, the school postcode, the pupil's name and year group clearly marked.
*Entries must be received before 4pm on the 14th June 2019 by either of the above methods with children's first name, year group, school name and postcode clearly visible on each entry. Entries received after this date or without the correct information displayed will be discounted. The templates supplied do not have to be used. The winning school will be required to allow images, quotes and other forms of media to be published by Empiribox on social media, our website and in press releases in local papers and education magazines. By submitting your entry you are agreeing to these terms and can provide us with media consent from pupils parents and guardians. For more information, please contact _EMAIL_. For a free lesson box, please sign up using the form below.


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Crossing and finishing with build up play
Aim - To improve understanding of build up play. To improve runs into the box. To improve finishing from crossing situations.
- 1. Good first touch for wide men and attackers.
- 2. Make sure the crosses are in the right areas for the attackers to score.
- 3. Make sure the attackers make two runs each. One to take the marker away and one to attack the ball.
- 4. Always keep eye on the ball when finishing.


Moltrup Church
Moltrup Church is mentioned for the first time in 1460 and is the highest positioned church in Southern Jutland. The church is dedicated to Saint Chrysogonus, whom the residents of the parish always believed to be "Æ Krejselmand".
The church has two church bells, one of which was founded by Claus Asmussen in 1689. The legend says that during war, the bell had to be removed and melted into canons, which the residents did not particularly liked. Therefore, they removed the bell and put it in a waterhole in the village of Bramdrup. The waterhole was known was "Klokkedal" (bell valley) up until the 1960s. Today, there is a residential neighborhood called "Klokkedal" on the spot.
There is a figure of Saint Chrysogonus in the church, which was previously placed in a catholic altar. Originally, the figure has a sword in its left hand, but this was later replaced with a twisted cane, which makes him look more like a lord out on a stroll. The reason for the current appearance is most likely that the locals have always called the figure "Æ Krejselmand" - who, according to legend, was the lord of the medieval castle Krejsel. The castle most likely dates back to the early middle ages and today is preserved as a rampart in Krejsel Forest.
The church is usually open during daytime, but if not, access to the church can be arranged by inquiry to digger Jens Chr. Nørgaard Jensen tlf. +45 21 75 86 88.


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Book REview
'The Kept' by James Scott
James Scott's "The Kept" is set in rural upstate New York in 1897.
James Scott's "The Kept" is set in rural upstate New York in 1897.Taylor Scott
The western has all but vanished from movies and TV at a moment when it might seem that our schools and shopping malls are devolving into some looping mash-up of "Deadwood" and "Gunfight at the O.K. Corral."
Such is not the case with the new mavericks of frontier-life fiction, who, emboldened by transformational writers such as Larry McMurtry and Cormac McCarthy, are imaginatively connecting the dots between the trigger-happy pathologies of America in its pioneer infancy and the stand-your-ground excesses of a graying democracy as it appears to be lurching into second childhood.
The impossibility of any sort of childhood in a preternaturally violent society is one of the themes of James Scott's bravura debut novel, "The Kept," which combines the revenge tropes of a classic John Ford horse opera with the gender-shifting plot elements of contemporary genre novels exemplified by Amanda Coplin's "The Orchardist" and Mary Volmer's "Crown of Dust."
Scott's take on the Wild West is actually the Wild East, or rather rural upstate New York, a region that, in 1897, still seems stubbornly resistant to the civilizing developments spurred by the second Industrial Revolution.
The farmhouse that career midwife Elspeth Howell has shared with her husband, Jorah, and their five children is a six-hour walk to the nearest town, so far that, when Elspeth returns after several months absence plying her trade to find Jorah and four of their children riddled with bullets, there is ostensibly no one in earshot to come to her aid.
Relief of a punishing sort arrives in the guise of the massacre's lone survivor, 12-year-old son Caleb, who, terrified and confused, lifts a shotgun and fires at a figure that turns out to be his mother. He tends to her wounds, half expecting a ghost to emerge: "He imagined her spirit like a wisp of smoke," writes Scott, embroidering with a characteristically clinical ferocity, "but one with talons and teeth that it dug into her insides and the groan was those nails and teeth being dragged across her rib, her throat and her lungs as it fought to keep its place."
And all this, mind you, in the first 20 pages.
A tumultuous fatalism informs the more than 350 that follow, as a grimly resuscitated Elspeth and a traumatized Caleb, vaulted by outrageous circumstance into premature adulthood, set out in the frigid dead of winter to track down and kill the family's murderers.
After an all-too-brief respite from a kindly elderly couple who weathered a close scrape with the suspected killers, they wind up in Caleb's birthplace, a hothouse of vice and denial where children making snow angels are easily confused with the dead bodies that periodically line the streets.
As they sniff out their targets, Caleb goes to work for a thuggish cathouse owner while Elspeth, in a perverse grab at wearing the pants in the family, adopts male disguise and takes a rugged job as an icehouse laborer.
There are two journeys at play here: that of an adolescent boy finding his true grit and that of a perennially absent mother getting a grip on her maternal center (mysteriously lax for a woman who has amassed a brood of five). Even though mother and son share the same objective, their odyssey seems to unfold in isolation from one another, a separation exacerbated by Elspeth's emotional disconnectedness and her omnipresent sense of sinner's guilt.
It is a testament to the author's artisan-like control that he is able to tease us with the essence of Elspeth's crimes from the outset and yet keep the terrible measure of her dereliction at bay until the final clinch, as breathless as it is inevitable.
Due to a reporting error, an earlier version incorrectly stated the last name of the protagonist, Elspeth. It's Elspeth Howell.


Janette Oakman
'Bringing comfort &
 understanding through
 Helping to bring comfort and
understanding through knowledge
Mediumship Is Just Like Driving A Car
In the early days mediumship can be very similar to driving a car. When you start to learn to drive, you have to understand the gears, know which pedal to use and how much pressure to use, judge distances, remember to indicate, keep looking behind you through your rear view mirror, keep looking ahead of you as you need to know where you are going, pre empt what the person infront of you is going to do, pre empt what the person behind is going to do, pre empt what everyone at every junction you drive past is going to do, pre empt if the traffic lights are going to change or not, concentrate on your speed, concentrate on the pedestrains, make sure you are always 3ft away from any parked car, remember to indicate and then put someone else in the car that expects you to talk to them!
But just like learning to drive a car, it doesn't take too long before you are naturally doing all of the above without even giving it too much thought. A good friend of mine Bill Forrester psychic artist says its when we are doing scared spider impressions, you have arms and legs going everywhere! must admit I do like that visualisation.
Now if the person learning to drive can have a bit of understanding as to why they have to do each thing whilst driving, it can help the 'need to do it' to sink in. For example, if you stay in first gear you will ruin your gear box... a medium that isn't on the right level of awareness will NOT be able to give good spirit communication, as they won't be tuned n properly.
When learning to drive you must be aware of everything happening around you, if not you may miss something very important eg a child running into the road.. a medium must be aware of their whole body whilst working or they could miss some very good evidence that their body is picking up (a large part of my mediumship is done this way as I am a strong clairsentinent - clear feeling)
The traffic lights work in a certain way - we know when driving that if the green light goes amber that very soon it is going to be red and we must stop the car, so we start to slow down (of course checking the rear view mirror first) - many mediums recieve symbols from their guides when they are working, for example one medium I know will always see daffodils when there is a passing in January, another medium I know always knows there is a baby due to be born here soon when she sees rhubarb (long story).. so during your devleopment you might start to see that you always seem to see the same symbol and that it has the same meaning each time.. you will also have symbolic symbols given to you that you may need to either just give straight to the person you are giving a reading to or you may have to decipher the symbol for them.
so let's go back,
You and a passenger get in to your car and put on your seat belts - Protection very important and grounding
You put the key in the ignition - you have shown intention to work
You turn the key in the ignition - you connect with your guides
You pull off from the side of the road - you tune in to see if there is anyone in spirit that would like to communicate
you are driving your car - this is now you the medium
all traffic lights you see are now signs from your guides
the passenger in your car is now the person you are giving a reading to
the person driving a car infront of you is now your spirit communicator - never take your eyes off of them, hold them in your mind at all times. If they change direction and you have a new person driving infront of you, then you have a new spirit communicator to work with now..
Whilst watching them you will notice that they do odd things.. for example indicate to drive around a parked car - we as mediums need to notice these things when working. They may pull over and pick someone up - is it a male or female, how old, are they related? Notice anything about the way they walked or stood up? What hair colour they have etc etc
Now as living people we know that when a car infront of us stops to pick someone up that it is rare for anyone to do this for someone they have never known and that in the majority of cases it is because they belong to the same family group etc (unless the word taxi appears on the roof of the vechile of course lol)
When we are driving we have to apply the right pressure to the gas pedal to keep at a good speed and then maintain that speed - a medium has to make sure they are working on the correct level for what they are doing. A medium cannot give off to someone spirit communication if for example they are actually working on the psychic level, so it is important to start noticing what level you are actually working on.
Whilst driving our car we will use our eyes, our ears, our gut instincts, sometimes sense of smell (bonfires, car fires, manure, petrol etc) as mediums we use clear seeing, clear feeling, clear hearing, clear tasting, clear smelling
When we have finsihed our journey we will find somewhere safe to park our car, we will lock it up and this is also very similar to mediumship as we will close down, we will thank our guides for a lovely experience of working with them again. Just as our passenger may say, thank you for taking me to the shops for example..
I hope that this article has helped you to understand that, it may all sound very confusing at the beginning but if you allow it to, mediumship will become a lot easier the more often you do it and soon it will be as easy as driving a car.
God bless you all and thank you to my guides for helping me write this article for you all
copyright Janette Oakman
please click here to return to the Spirit Teachings menu
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