text:
Many scientists and civil engineers are mistaking alkali activation for geopolymers, fueling confusion, using them as synonyms without understanding what they really are.
To sum-up: Alkali-Activated Materials (AAM) are NOT Polymers, so they cannot be called Geo-Polymers. Geopolymers are NOT a subset of AAM because they are not a calcium hydrate alternative, the chemistry is radically different. Those who claim that both terms are synonyms are promoting a misleading scientific belief. Learn why by watching these three videos.
In his three recent keynotes at the Geopolymer Camp 2014, Geopolymer Camp 2015, and Geopolymer Camp 2016, Prof. J. Davidovits explained why Alkali-Activated-Materials are not Geopolymers, or why alkali-activation is not geopolymerization. We have selected all the sequences that had been dedicated to this issue in the GPCamp-2014, 2015 and 2016 keynotes. These new videos are titled: Why Alkali-Activated Materials are NOT Geopolymers. You will finally understand why they are two different systems.
Part 3 (new, 2016): AAM are not polymers, so they cannot be called "geopolymers"
Prof. Joseph Davidovits emphasizes the fact that Alkali Activated Materials (AAM) are not polymers, so they cannot be called "geopolymers". He presents what scientists are now writing about this issue. They now agree with proven facts that it is a big scientific mistake to use AAM and geopolymer as synonyms, and people shall stop doing so. Geopolymer cement is not a CSH derivative; therefore, scientists are now stating that applying the CSH terminology from Portland cement is not only inappropriate, but also calling them NASH and KASH is totally wrong. Those who purposefully use and propagate these misleading languages delude the understanding of the true chemical reactions that really occur (never a hydrate or a gel, but a polymer), resulting in confused interpretations.
This video lasts 27 min, a 62 MB file. Click on the icon on the right to watch it fullscreen.
Part 1 (2014): AAM are not geopolymers, two different chemistries
Prof. J. Davidovits explains the main differences between AAC (Alkali-Activated Cement or Concrete), AAS (Alkali-Activated Slag), AAF (Alkali-Activated Fly Ash) and Slag-based Geopolymer cement, in terms of chemistry, molecular structure, long-term durability. In a second part, on hand of the industrialization of Slag/fly ash-based geopolymer cement/concrete implemented by the company Wagners, Australia, he focuses on the results provided by the carbonation testing data obtained for ordinary Portland cement, AAS and EFC (Slag/fly ash-based geopolymer). The tests were carried out at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology RMIT in Australia. Geopolymer behaves like regular Portland cement, whereas AAS gets very bad carbonation results.
This video lasts 20 min, a 46 MB file. Click on the icon on the right to watch it fullscreen.
Part 2 (2015): Clarifying statement about all the false ideas and assertions
Prof. J. Davidovits makes a clarifying statement about all the false ideas and assertions written by several alkali activated materials scientists (incorrectly using the word "geopolymer" for marketing purpose in place of AAM) and blindly imitated by others. He explains why it is a true polymer with a well-known and understood chemistry (as opposed to those who claim it is a "gel" of unknown character), mentions the historicity and discovery of geopolymer chemistry, the real contributions of Glukhovsky and what he really wrote about geopolymers. He develops the range of actual industrial applications that goes far beyond cement made out of wastes…
This video lasts 29 min, a 67 MB file. Click on the icon on the right to watch it fullscreen.


text:
- Define and identify local economic, social and environmental changes.
- Assess and rank the impact of economic, social and environmental changes of the Klondike Gold Rush.
- Use primary and secondary sources to draw conclusions about historical events.
Assignment: Read and analyze primary and secondary sources to evaluate the impact of changes during the Klondike Gold Rush. Present your conclusions orally or in written format.
Time Frame: 7 classes (approximately 2 1/2 weeks)
Partners: You may choose to work individually or in a group of 2 or 3 for the duration of this assignment.
Step 1: Explore various kinds of changes (1 class)
As a class, we will reflect on and discuss economic, social and environmental changes in our community.
Step 2: Learn about the Gold Rush (1 class)
As a class, we will read and discuss:
- A History of Gold Rushes, a general overview of the events and effects of gold rushes;
- Aftermath, a general overview of the effects of the Klondike Gold Rush.
As an individual (3 documents) or a small group of 3 (all 5 documents), read the following documents and complete the Comparing Conditions Handout. Be prepared to share your findings with the class.
- Historical Notes on the Yukon District;
- After the Gold Rush;
- Klondike Discoverer Dies in Poverty;
- Returning Adventurers;
- Yukon Indians and the Gold Rush.
Step 4: Identify criteria for assessing impact (1 class)
Change is only as big as the impact it has. There are 3 ways to assess impact: breadth, depth and duration. As a class we will assess the impact of changes in our community (referencing our first conversation regarding changes in our community).
Step 5: Rank order the degree of impact (1 class)
As individuals or small groups, use the Ranking the Impact Handout to assess the impact of the changes you have already identified. Which type of change was the most significant?
Use your completed Comparing Conditions handout and the three criteria for determining the significance of an impact.
Step 6: Class Debate or Independent Write Up (1 class)
As a class we will vote to either have a full class discussion/debate or write independent summaries on which type of change had the greatest impact during the Klondike Gold Rush.
What will be assessed during this project?
Class Debate or Independent Write Up
The following rubrics will be used to assess the above assignments:
*Project adapted from Mystery Quest: Great Unsolved Mysteries in Canadian History

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


How To Use Cbd Isolate Powder?
What do you do with CBD isolate powder?
How Do You Use CBD Isolate?
 - Eat It. CBD isolate powder can be added to anything you can eat.
 - Dab It. You can dab crystal CBD isolate using a dabbing rig for a quick pick-me-up and almost instant medical relief.
 - Smoke It.
 - Vaporize It.
 - Make Your Own Tincture.
 - Rub It On Your Skin.
How do you mix CBD isolate powder?
CBD Isolate can be ingested, taken sublingually, or mixed with other ingredients.
 1. Mix with carrier oil like coconut oil or MCT oil to make CBD tincture oil.
 2. Mix with an e-juice to vape with a vaporizer.
 3. Mixed into a cream for topically application.
Can you smoke CBD isolate powder?
CBD isolate is a crystalline solid or powder that contains upwards of 99% pure CBD. Medical patients most often ingest it orally or mix it into food or drinks. You can also smoke or vaporize it like many other cannabis concentrates.
Can you eat CBD isolate powder?
CBD isolate powder is easier to make homemade CBD products like edibles, creams or homemade vape juices. It can be eaten as is, or absorbed sublingually (under tongue) CBD isolate crystal, slab or shatter is easier to use for dabbing, can be used to make edibles, creams, vape liquids, digested or absorbed sublingually.


I am a bit puzzled by the sequence of events that are observed when a set of nodes are added or removed. It appears that if a parent node and a child node are added, they are in inverse sequence (child first, parent second). In my case, I have an event listener registered on a workspace, waiting for nodes to be added or removed. If a node is added, it transforms it and adds it in another workspace. If it is removed, it just removes from the destination workspace. The problem is that when a set of nodes is added, say for instance a nt:file/nt:resource pair, the nt:resource event come first, and the event listener cannot really add it to the destination workspace yet as the parent doesn't exists ( a PathNotFound exception is thrown). The workaround has been to copy all the add events in a LinkedList (and the remove in another) before starting looping, and to execute the "add" linked list in reverse order. Of course, using Workspace.clone is not an option because nodes need to be transformed before being added. I did not see anything in the current specs (and I did not have a chance yet to review JSR-283), but is there a reason for this inversion of order? Thanks. Alessandro.


text: This volume presents empirical studies and theoretical reflections on Evolutionary Governance Theory (EGT), its most important concepts and their interrelations. As a novel theory of governance, EGT understands governance as radically evolutionary, which implies that all elements of governance are subject to evolution, that these elements co-evolve and that many of them are the product of governance itself. Through this book we learn how communities understand themselves and their environment and why they create the complex structures and processes we analyze as governance paths. Authors from different disciplines develop the EGT framework further and apply it to a wide rage networks of power, governance of agricultural resources etc. The contributors also reflect on the possibilities and limitations of steering, intervention, management and development in a world continuously in flux. It bridges the gap between more fundamental and philosophical accounts of the social sciences and applied studies, offering theoretical advancements as well as practical recommendations.


text:
Traditional Chinese Funeral Arrangements
On the passing away of the father, the eldest son becomes the head of the family. If the eldest son passes away, his second brother does not assume leadership of the family. Leadership passes to the eldest son of the eldest son or the grandson of the father. He must assume the responsibilities and duties to the ancestors on behalf of the family.
Form of the Funeral Ceremony
There are two main traditions that are observed:
1. The funeral ceremony, which traditionally lasts over 49 days, the first seven days being the most important. Prayers are said every seven days for 49 days if the family can afford it. If the family is in poor circumstances, the period may be shortened to from 3 to 7 days. Usually, it is the responsibility of the daughters to bear the funeral expenses. The head of the family should be present for, at least the first and, possibly the second, prayer ceremony. The number of ceremonies conducted is dependent on the financial situation of the family. The head of the family should also be present for the burial or the cremation.
2. In the second tradition, the prayer ceremony is held every 10 days. The initial ceremony and three succeeding periods of ten days until the final burial or cremation.
After 100 days a final prayer ceremony is conducted, but such a ceremony is optional and not as important as the initial ceremonies.
In the Mahayana tradition of Buddhism, to which most Chinese Buddhists subscribe, it is believed that between death and rebirth there is an intermediate period – called Antarabhava in Sanskrit, or the Bardo in Tibetan. It is an important period which has an influence on the form that the rebirth shall take. If the family ensures that proper assistance in the form of prayer and remembrance ceremonies are duly performed, the departed is better able to take a favourable rebirth.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Activities of Federal Law Enforcement Agencies Toward the Branch Davidians/Section 6
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VI. Negotiations To End the Standoff With the Davidians[edit]
Negotiations between the FBI and the Branch Davidians continued for 51 days during which time the negotiators utilized generally accepted negotiation techniques. The FBI was unwilling to engage in a novel approach toward the Davidians.
While American hostage negotiation training, especially FBI training, is thought to be the best in the world, there remains considerable room for reassessment and, based on the Waco record, improvement. The FBI possesses exceptional negotiators, but the Bureau was unwilling to engage outside experts and too eager to ignore the advice given by its own experts. The evolving nature of hostage barricade situations necessitates that in the future the FBI continually strive for the preparedness to confront more emotional and unpredictable barricaded subjects. At Waco, FBI resistance to different negotiation methods may have contributed to a premature decision to end the standoff.
a. the conflict between tactical commanders and negotiators[edit]
1. The problem with two teams: one negotiating team and a tactical team[edit]
At Waco, the FBI Crisis Management Team was deployed. The Crisis Management Team is made up of a variety of law enforcement professionals, among them agents trained as tactical agents and as negotiators. The team was divided into groups with separate leadership and different responsibilities. Each team gave its perspective to Jeffrey Jamar, the Special Agent in Charge, who determined which strategy to employ in negotiations. There often was a conflict between these two approaches.
Although disposed to the active approach, Jamar allowed the proposals of each team to be implemented simultaneously, working against each other.
a. Standard Procedure in Negotiations[edit]
According to the FBI's Chief Negotiator, Gary Noesner, the conflict between tactical and negotiating teams is the one universal element in law enforcement operations of this type.[1] FBI tactical forces are trained to act in stressful, violent situations. Agents are inclined toward the "action imperative," the sense among agents that motivates them to act.[2] Negotiators are more inclined to seek a nonviolent resolution of the standoff simply by virtue of their training.
The FBI has a policy in place that favors a negotiated settlement.[3] Through a type of negotiation called active listening, negotiators attempt to find ways to explain to the barricaded subject why it is in his best interest to seek a nonviolent solution. This FBI policy and training of negotiators conflicts with the "action imperative."
b. Major disagreements between the two teams[edit]
Each team adamantly argued to Jamar on behalf of its perspective and adamantly opposed the other's.[4] Dr. Alan A. Stone [5] chronicled the progression in strategy that occurred among the FBI Commanders at Waco in his Report and Recommendations. At first, according to Stone, "the agents on the ground proceeded with a strategy of conciliatory negotiation, which had the approval and understanding of the entire chain of command. Pushed by the tactical leader, the commander on the ground began to allow tactical pressures to be placed on the residence in addition to negotiation." [6] Stone summarized the feelings of negotiators of this inevitable progression. Stone writes, "This changing strategy at the residence from (1) conciliatory negotiating to (2) negotiation and tactical pressure and then to (3) tactical pressure alone, evolved over the objections of the FBI's own experts and without clear understanding up the chain of command." [7]
The disagreement was called a "fundamental strategy disagreement." [8] The negotiators suggested that tactical maneuvers worked against the negotiation process. The tactical team wanted to employ aggressive tactics. Regarding the conflict with tactical people, McClure says simply, "Tactical people think in tactical terms and negotiators think in negotiation terms." [9] Byron Sage, a Supervisory Special Agent and the lead day-to-day FBI negotiator at Waco, testified before the subcommittees, "[The conflict between tactical and negotiation teams] presented difficulties, for sure, but that is not unusual. These are not matters that we were not prepared to attempt to negotiate through." [10] In the end, however, the tactical team won the endorsement of Jamar.
Jamar decided to constrict the perimeter of the building by moving vehicles closer to the residence. On March 9, 1993 the FBI began to use Bradley Fighting Vehicles to clear debris (including automobiles and boats) from the front of Mount Carmel. On March 14, 1993 the FBI focused bright lights on the residence in an effort to disrupt the sleep of those inside. Four days later, loudspeakers were set up to communicate messages from the FBI to the Davidians inside the residence. Soon thereafter, the FBI began playing recordings of Tibetan chants, rabbits being slaughtered, and other sound effects.[11]
While negotiators were trying to gain the trust of Koresh and the Davidians, the actions of the tactical team gave Davidians reason to distrust FBI's negotiators. At the hearings, Sage explained, "It is not uncommon to, as part of the negotiation process, to actually try to ingratiate yourself a little bit more with Koresh and his followers by saying, look, this is out of our hands, but that is why you need to give us something to work with." [12] It is difficult to imagine that use of tactical force could be a beneficial tool with those whom experts say should be treated with caution and conciliation. Notwithstanding Sage's description of the tactical maneuvers as helpful to negotiations, any consequences of aggressive movements on the part of FBI were not ones it intended. They were predicted, however. Gary Noesner remarked, "I do not awake from nightmares or have trouble sleeping at night... because everything that I predicted would happen, did happen." [13]
c. Insufficient communication between the two teams and their commanders[edit]
In testimony before the subcommittees, Jamar described the strategic decisionmaking process. He said, "The supervisors of each component would get together and report and discuss matters. And we would have various meetings." [14] Noesner said the problem was not one of communication. Jamar's office was across from the negotiation room. Noesner communicated the desired approach of negotiators with regularity and often in heated exchanges. Jamar heard opinions from the negotiators and tactical agents given with equal force. He let each strategy go forward as if it was the primary one.[15]
d. Decisions between the options presented by the two teams[edit]
In early 1993, FBI policy was to place the Special Agent in Charge of the FBI's regional office in charge of making operational decisions in a crisis like Waco. Noesner described the role of the SAC saying, "He has to take the information and couple that with the information he receives from other intelligence sources, from the tactical team and he has to weigh all those things, weigh them with his own experiences and his own perceptions and he has to come to a decision." [16]
Noesner emphasized the fact that the real problem in Waco was one of leadership. The situation at Waco required someone to make the decision on what strategy to utilize to confront this "unconventional" group. He characterized Jamar as an action-oriented agent, one who fell prey to the "action imperative." [17]
Stone describes the action imperative in terms of the FBI's "group psychology." The options available to the FBI, according to Stone, fell somewhere between "doing nothing (passivity) and a military assault (the action imperative)." [18] In light of the fact that "the appeal of any tactical initiative to an entrenched, stressed FBI must have been overwhelming," Stone reasons, "the desultory strategy of simultaneous negotiation and tactical pressure was enacted as a compromise." [19] Stone concluded that tactical maneuvers were initiated as a way to relieve agents' desire to act. It is left to the SAC to override the group psychology of the agents on the ground and make the decisions necessary to reach a peaceful conclusion. Stone writes, "The FBI should not be pushed by their group psychology into misguided ad hoc decision making the next time around." [20]
e. The effect on negotiations of the decision to employ tactical maneuvers[edit]
The decision to employ tactical maneuvers had the exact result negotiators and experts predicted. The experts advised against antagonizing the Davidians.[21] In a memorandum coauthored by Peter Smerick, an FBI Criminal Investigative Analyst, and Park Dietz, Clinical Professor of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences at the UCLA School of Medicine, the FBI was advised that "negotiations coupled with ever increasing tactical presence... could eventually be counterproductive and could result in loss of life." [22] When tactical maneuvers were utilized, negotiations were set back. The Davidians were unable to sleep with sounds of loud music and rabbits being slaughtered. The Davidians were angered by movements of the armored personnel carriers. They were angered by the clearing of debris from the grounds.[23] As Richard DeGuerin, the lawyer representing Koresh, says, tactical maneuvers appeared to be "calculated to discourage anyone from coming out." [24]
The effect that the tactical maneuvers had on negotiations was only one of the problems resulting from that decision. In fact, some believe that playing loud music bonded the Davidians closer together.[25]
f. Tactical maneuvers may have fed into the vision anticipated by Koresh[edit]
Koresh often warned Davidians that they would die in a fire brought on by "the Beast." [26] In Smerick's March 8 memo, he recommended that tactical pressure "should be the absolute last option we


text:
Gap Effect on Performance of Podded Propulsors in Straight-Ahead and Azimuthing Conditions
Abstract:This paper presents results of an experimental study on the effect of gap distance on propulsive characteristics of puller and pusher podded propulsors in straight-ahead and static azimuthing open-water conditions. The gap distance is the axial distance between the rotating (propeller) and stationary (pod) parts of a podded propulsor. The propeller thrust and torque, unit forces, and moments in the three-coordinate directions of a model podded unit were measured using a custom-designed pod dynamometer in various operating conditions. The model propulsor was tested at the gap distances of 0.3%, 1%, and 2% of propeller diameter for a range of advance coefficients combined with the range of static azimuthing angles from +20° to 20° with a 10° increment. The tests were conducted both in puller and pusher configurations in the same loading and azimuthing conditions. In the puller configuration, the gap distance did not have any noticeable effect on propeller torque in straight course condition, but had an effect in azimuthing conditions. The propeller thrust and efficiency were also influenced by the change of gap distance, and the effects were more pronounced at high azimuthing angles and high advance coefficients. For pusher configuration, however, the gap distance did not affect the propeller performance characteristics in straight-ahead and azimuthing conditions. Both in straight course and azimuthing conditions, the unit thrust and efficiency were not influenced by the gap distance in either puller or pusher configurations. The gap distance had a noticeable effect on unit transverse force and steering moment both in puller and pusher configurations, and both in straight course and azimuthing conditions. An uncertainty estimate of the measurements is provided at the end.
Document Type: Research Article
Publication date: 2010-01-01
More about this publication?
- Marine Technology is dedicated to James Kennedy, _PHONE_, marine engineer, and longtime member of the Society, in recognition and appreciation of his sincere and generous interest in furthering the art of ship design, shipbuilding, ship operation, and related activities. The Technical papers in this quarterly flagship journal cover a broad spectrum of research on the latest technological breakthroughs, trends, concepts, and discoveries in the marine industry. SNAME News is packed with Society news and information on national, section, and local levels as well as updates on committee activities, meetings, seminars, professional conferences, and employment opportunities. For access to Volume 47 Issue 2 and later, please contact SNAME
- Information for Authors
- Membership Information
- Volume 47 Issue 2 and later
- Ingenta Connect is not responsible for the content or availability of external websites


text:
Object reference not set to an instance of an object.
Method 1: Rerun "setup /prepareAD"
- On the server that is running Microsoft Exchange Server, open a Command Prompt window as an administrator, and then change to the folder in which the Exchange installation files are stored.
- Run the following command:
- Restart the server.
- Rerun the Hybrid Configuration wizard.
Method 2: Perform an authoritative restore of the hybrid objectRestore the hybrid object that was deleted from the following location:
Still need help? Go to Microsoft Community or the Exchange TechNet Forums.


Define Mail Merge and its use. List at least three types of mail merge documents you can create using the Mail Merge task pane in Word. Describe how to use mail merge to send a letters to those on a mailing list? Also, read and respond to AT LEAST 2 other students to show that you have learned and can also appreciate what they are describing.
The post Discussion appeared first on Timely Writings.
Ask a Question. Get an Answer ASAP!


text:
Adult in breeding plumage
The Chinese Pond Heron, Ardeola bacchus, is a wading bird of the heron family Ardeidae, found in shallow fresh and salt-water wetlands and ponds in China and East Asia. A stray bird stopping over on Saint Paul Island, Alaska August 4-9, 1997, was the first recorded occurrence of this species in the USA (AOU 2000).
The Chinese Pond Heron is typically 47cm long with white wings, a yellow bill with a black tip, yellow eyes and legs. Its overall colour is red, blue and white during breeding season, and greyish-brown and flecked with white at other times. The Chinese Pond Heron lays a clutch of 3-6 blue-green eggs, often in mixed nests with other herons. Its diet comprises or insects, fish, and crustaceans.


text:
Archived:Calculating text width in Qt
This code snippets shows how to use the QFont and QFontMetrics classes to draw a string into the center of the screen and to get the string height and width in pixels.
Note: In order to use this code, you need to have Qt for Symbian installed on your platform.
- Install latest Qt for Symbian see Qt for Symbian - Installation packages
- Check this link for installation guide: How to install the package.
- Go through this article: Getting started with Qt for Symbian
- This source code centers the text and sets the text colour.
// Create font
// Set current font
// Set font color
// Get QFontMetrics reference
QFontMetrics fm = painter.fontMetrics();
QString text = "helloworld";
// Calculate text center position into the screen using QFontMetrics class
QPoint center = QPoint( ( width()-fm.width(text))/2,
( height() - fm.height())/2 );
// QFontMetrics::width() gives calculated text width with current QFont in QPainter
// QFontMetrics::height() gives text height
The text is centered on the screen.
The code example can be found at File:HelloworldNew.zip


text: For public safety, freight and passenger trains are required to have audible warning devices to signal the approach of trains at grade crossings, and in case of an emergency, where there is a shared right-of-way or other possible public access to railroad tracks. Some communities have expressed a desire to reduce the need for sounding warning horns at grade crossings. Although very expensive, grade-separated railroad crossings are one means by which communities and railroads can reduce the need for horn blowing in populated areas. Efforts are being made to develop new grade crossing safety devices that reduce the need for horn blowing. However, use of warning devices such as horns or whistles to signal the approach of trains, especially at grade crossings, will probably remain a major source of railroad noise in most communities through which railroads pass. A noise prediction model is presented and compared with noise data measured for freight train locomotive horns at grade crossings. Horn sounding duration is included in the model, and its effect on time-weighted community noise descriptors such as L[inf dn] is examined.


text:
The i-Pro's Radial Consistency
Radial consistency is the shaft's ability to reproduce the same results, regardless of its orientation. This means the shaft will perform more predictably from shot to shot. The i-Pro's Octadic Laminated Shaft Construction, combined with its Triple-Layer Carbon Fiber Core, makes it the most radial consistent shaft we've ever made.
Octadic Laminated Shaft Construction
The Octadic Laminated Shaft Construction features eight spliced pieces of premium maple that are bonded together to form our most radial consistent shaft yet. This construction method drastically reduces the performance inconsistencies caused by natural wood grain. This technology maximizes energy transfer from the shaft into the cue ball at impact, allowing you to generate a higher spin rate while hitting closer to center cue ball.
Triple-Layer Carbon Fiber Core
The i-Pro's Triple-Layer Carbon Fiber Core extends the full-length of the shaft (from ferrule to joint), stabilizing the entire shaft for absolute control and predictability. This technology increases radial consistency, reduces vibration and virtually eliminates the inconsistencies found in a traditional maple shaft.


text:
"Floating" and "interaction" are essential concepts in Eneida Pérez's work. "Floating" as a state of calm movement while "interaction" captures the awareness of your surrounding and the people around you. Her urban art installations Floating Buddha were the first translation of these concepts into her work. During the installations the Buddhas float on the water in a meditative way while interacting with other Buddhas in an unforeseeable way.
Bike Art take the concept of "floating" and "interaction" a step further: it adds the aspect of functionality. The bike remains a functional item that is turned into an art object. Making art "livable", transmitting positivness and calmness. People react to the bike art objects. They evoke awareness and and a positive attitude from others.


text:
Vibrational Relaxation of O3(v2) by O(3P)
Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Laboratory measurements of the rate coefficient for quenching of O3(v2) by ground state atomic oxygen, kO(v2), at room temperature are presented. kO(v2) is currently not well-known and is necessary for appropriate non-local thermodynamic equilibrium modeling of the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere. In this work, a 266-nm laser pulse photolyzes a small amount of O3 in a slow-flowing gas mixture of O3, Xe, and Ar. This process simultaneously produces atomic oxygen and increases the temperature of the gas mixture slightly, thereby increasing the population in the O3(v2) state. Transient diode laser absorption spectroscopy is used to monitor the populations of the O3(v2) and ground vibrational states as the system re-equilibrates. Relaxation rates are measured over a range of quencher concentrations to extract the rate coefficient of interest. The value of kO(v2) was determined to be (2.2 ± 0.5) x 10-12 cm3 s-1.
Castle, Karen. "Vibrational Relaxation of O3(v2) by O(3P)." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 118, no. 25 (2014) : 4548.
This document is currently not available here.


text:
Reader question: "I have read that you need to leave your ball python alone when it's going through a shed. How soon after a shed can I handle my ball python?"
You can handle it immediately after a shed. You don't have to worry much about it, after the snake has shed. The hands-off period occurs before the ball python sheds — not after.
When the snake first starts to go "blue," it will start hiding more than usual. Its eyes will get cloudy, and the skin tone will become darker. This is a normal part of the shedding process. This is when you should avoid handling the ball python. The snake's eyes will have an opaque layer over them, so it won't be able to see very well. Handling at this time can cause the animal stress. How would you like to be picked up by something you couldn't see?
Ball pythons feel vulnerable when they're going through a shed cycle. That's why you should avoid handling them, until after they shed.
When your snake goes into the "blue" phase leading up to a shed, you might want to increase the relative humidity inside the enclosure. Snakes use moisture to separate the old skin layer from the underlying layer. That's why it's so important to keep your ball python well hydrated — it helps them shed properly, all in one piece.
You can handle the ball python anytime after a shed. Just leave it alone when it's going into the shed. If you have additional questions about ball python care, you can download our e-book on the subject. You can also post a question to our Q&A forum.


Pet owner's guide: What does your Dog's smile mean?
Understanding your dogs smile
Do dogs smile? There are countless articles and explainers online that talk about the meaning of a dog's smile. But what does it actually mean when a dog "smiles"?
As humans, we have figured out the difference between two dots and a bracket, and two dots and a big mouth – 🙂 and :D. We understand the minutiae and nuance in something so basic! So why can't we try and understand a smiling dog?
Researchers and dog behaviorists have spent many years researching the different signals that a dog gives out to its parents when it communicates. Language is a communication barrier, yet dogs are able to share an emotional bond with us despite that. It goes to show that linguistics are not the be-all-and-end-all as a mode of communication.
Smiling is a way to communicate joy, pleasure, approval, acknowledgement, greeting, approachability, and so much more. A single smile can start a strong emotional bond. A dog smiling is also a way to communicate, but it means different things than the stuff humans do to form bonds. Talking to a dog is an art, and you can learn how to identify these queues so you can actually begin to have productive "conversations" with your beloved fur baby!
When a dog wants to relieve itself, it signals it to you by becoming restless, standing near the door, or barking at you while you're engrossed in your television show. When you see a dog smiling, it could be a way to communicate with you, other humans or another dog, and there are different meanings to different "smiles".
The doggy smile
In this article, we discuss the famous doggy smile. It might end up looking like this:
A doggy smile to make you smile! 😉
Or this:
:D, not :), get it?
Basically, dogs are full of surprises, but the doggy smile doesn't always mean what we think or want it to mean. We've provided a quick and educational guide to understand a smiling dog and the different types of smiles. (You're welcome!)
The 'submissive' grin
Dogs have personalities, and no dog is the same. When you see a dog smile like this, it means that it is trying to please you, or someone else, or even another dog! Take a look at this video to understand how this particular doggy smile looks! We dare you not to smile in the process.
(Submissive grin example)
Your dog will show its front teeth, but keep the rest of its mouth closed. Usually, dogs do this to older, more "alpha" dogs, when they want approval. They aren't the most secure of smiles, and don't necessarily indicate joy or glee. So don't get too excited when you see this one.
Young dogs especially, can turn on that hilarious submissive grin when they are being chastised or scolded. It can look like a slightly shameful smile that implies they know they are getting away with a little mischief!
The 'aggressive' grin
You may stop smiling now. The aggressive doggy smile isn't a real smile in that it isn't conveying joy either! This is usually a bared-teeth smile that looks similar to the submissive smile, but can denote different things. It could be the calm before a storm – ie., the dog is preparing to show aggression. Take note of whether the dog's hackles are raised and if it has become stiffer all of a sudden. This could be the difference between submissive and aggressive smiles.
Do dogs really smile?
Animal psychologists have found several links between dog behaviour and how dogs have adapted to human beings over time. Dogs are excellent at connecting with humans and show a great level of emotional intelligence and depth of feeling. This is why they are man's best friend. It is possible that over thousands of years, dogs have discovered the secret to endearing themselves to human beings, though we wouldn't peg that as the reason why dogs smile. It is however possible for dogs to have learned that smiling is something human beings appreciate in their quest for positivity and good vibes (only half kidding here). As a result, when you treat your dog or give it positive reinforcement, they might just reward you with a "giant grin".
Why do dogs smile even after they've outgrown their youth?
While you are more likely to find dogs smiling when they are younger, there is a biological/neurological phenomenon called 'neoteny' which essentially means that dogs continue to demonstrate juvenile habits well into adulthood. Therefore, older dogs smiling with teeth could indicate the presence of these sustained habits.
We know you love happy dogs smiling, but…
It could just be you projecting your fantasies onto a dog! While dogs have been domesticated and have been human companions for 30,000 years, there is no proper research to suggest that a dog actually smiles. We know you love your smiling dog pictures and memes, but it just goes to show that this is another way we do a little something we can term "anthropomorphism". Anthropomorphism is the phenomenon where human beings attribute human traits to animals. You might have seen this in hundreds of children's movies where animals do things we can recognize!
In short, a smiling dog is a myth
Dogs don't go on actual dates and share spaghetti… nor do they do a countless other things you might have seen in movies like Dr Dolittle or Lady and the Tramp or Cats vs Dogs. While dogs CAN communicate, a smiling dog is probably not giving you a look of love – but you should always remember that they love you all the same!
A classic example of anthropomorphism. (this dog is DEFINITELY not smiling).
Do you find this information useful? For more general advice on dogs, dog behaviour, and so much more, visit the VOSD website. You Can Sponsor A Rescued Dog – visit to know more.


text:
Meaning of the name Alumit, analysis of the name Alumit and so much more… What does Alumit mean and its numerology, definition, origin, popularity and very interesting information. Please use the menu below.
- Information About The Name Alumit
- The Meaning Of The Name Alumit
- Statistics Of The Name Alumit
- The Picture Of The Name Alumit
- Numerology Of The Name Alumit
- Destination Number Of The Name Alumit
- Analysis Of The Name Alumit
- Alumit Character Analysis of Meaning
- Can I Name My Baby Alumit?
- List Of Celebrities With First Name Alumit
- Alumit in Arabic Writing
- Alumit in Chinese Characters
- Alumit in Japanese Katakana (Letters)
- Alumit in Egyptian Hieroglyphics
- How To Say Alumit in American Sign Language
- Search Another Name?
Information About The Name Alumit
Gender of the name Alumit: Girl
Color of the name Alumit: Blue&Pink
Origin of the name Alumit: Hebrew
The Meaning Of The Name Alumit
Definition of Alumit: secret
Statistics Of The Name Alumit
How many people in the U.S have the name Alumit: 1
Rank of the name Alumit in the U.S.: 1,494,967th
How many letters are in the name Alumit? 6
The Picture Of The Name Alumit
Consider your name Alumit as a picture. How would it look like? This will be funny! Using the meaning of Alumit, we prepared this picture. Do not bother the gender. =)
Numerology Of The Name Alumit
In the table below, you can find the letters that the name Alumit contains and its alphabet numbers. After you sum up these numbers, it is your name numerology number.
Destination Number Of The Name Alumit
To calculate the destiny number of the name Alumit, please look at the table below. There is a number for each letters of the name Alumit. Add up these numbers and that's your destiny number.
a (1) + l (3) + u (3) + m (4) + i (9) + t (2) = => 2+2 = 4
Destiny Number: 4. Here is your name analysis according to your destiny number.
Alumit Destiny AnalysisYou are well-mannered and seldom use harsh words or foul language. Instead you cater to your every whim until you get your way. Before you know it, you have been won over! Although you appear slow at times, you are actually practicing caution. You read all the fine print before signing your name. Your uncanny ability to correctly assess people and situations leave you quite conceited. You are considerate, understanding, warm, friendly, and easy to be with. You know how to relax.
Analysis Of The Name Alumit
Here is the analysis of the name Alumit.
|A||Your sense of analyzing life is stronger. You are known as a reasonable person.|
|L||You have the most talented personality. You can be talented in so many different areas like art, sports and education.|
|U||You don't like rushing in your life. You want to stay calm and do what you do one by one, slowly.|
|M||You are smart and succesfull. You are interested in trade business and be successful too.|
|İ||You are the most emotional person. Your heart can be easly broken and you are very sensitive.|
|T||You have a hard time expressing your feelings. You are very uncommunicative.|
Alumit Character Analysis of MeaningHere is the characteristics of Alumit in details.
- However, it is not easy for others to work and live with you as you deliberate so long in arriving at conclusions and allow small details to restrict your point of view.
- This name has not allowed you to be spontaneous and responsive; you like to have time to think and plan your actions.
- The name of Alumit indicates you are a patient, meticulous person who enjoys working in a very detailed, systematic way, in such fields as mathematics, science, mechanics, computers, or engineering.
- You often feel burdened with work, and worry abut details out of proportion to their importance.
- You tend to be dominated by lyour habits and dislike changing a pattern of living that is comfortable to you.
- Your infinite patience would allow you to develop intricate, involved skills to perfection.
- Over-indulgence in heavy foods could cause stomach or intestinal disorders, growths, arthritis or rheumatism; these foods would also cause your body to be heavy, sluggish and overweight.
- You have a traditional and conservative outlook in almost everything.
- You do your best work when there is no disruption, as you do not easily adjust to interference and changes once you start a project; also you like to work step by step at your own speed.
Can I Name My Baby Alumit?
Yes you can name your baby Alumit!
List Of Celebrities With First Name Alumit
✖Sorry, but we couldn't find any celebirty related to the name Alumit. Your name is so rare that we also couldn't find any difinition related to it.
Alumit in Arabic Writing
If you want to see your name in Arabic calligraphy below you can find Alumit in Arabic letters.
Alumit in Chinese Characters
If you want to see your name in Chinese below you can find Alumit in Chinese letters.
Alumit in Japanese Katakana (Letters)
If you want to see your name in Japanese below you can find Alumit in Japanese letters.
Alumit in Egyptian Hieroglyphics
Here you can see the name Alumit in Hieroglyphics (ancient Egyptian)
How To Say Alumit in American Sign Language
This section will show you how to say the name Alumit in American Sign Language and you can meet with deaf peaple and introduce yourself.
Search Another Name?
Not just Alumit meaning right? Do not stop! Search another name…


text:
(Medical Xpress) -- Research from North Carolina State University demonstrates that a relatively new microscopy technique can be used to improve our understanding of human tissues and other biomedical materials. The study focused specifically on eye tissues, which are damaged by scarring in diabetic patients.
Our findings are a proof of concept, showing that this technique is extremely effective at giving us the data we need on these tissues, says Dr. Albena Ivanisevic, co-author of a paper describing the research. Specifically, it gives a great deal of information on the composition of these tissues, as well as the tissues topography, or surface characteristics. Ivanisevic is an associate professor of materials science and engineering at NC State and associate professor of the joint biomedical engineering program at NC State and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
The study is one of the first to explore how this technology, called bimodal dual AC mode microscopy, can improve our understanding of human tissues and biomaterials.
The research team, which included researchers from Purdue University and the University of Louisville School of Medicine, examined two types of eye tissue from diabetic patients. Specifically, they looked at the inner limiting membrane (ILM), which is the surface layer of the retina, and so-called epiretinal membranes. Epiretinal membranes are scar tissues that form on the ILM in diabetics. Scar tissue can cause significant damage to the retina and, if untreated, may lead to blindness.
There are multiple treatments for this scarring. In the United States, a common technique is for a surgeon to peel off the ILM, removing the scar tissue with it. In many other parts of the world, surgeons inject dye into the eye to better distinguish the parts of the eye they will operate on. This process is not currently allowed in the United States, due to concerns about the dyes toxicity.
The researchers launched this project, in part, to determine if bimodal dual AC mode microscopy could be used to provide a better understanding of the topographical properties of the ILM. Further, the researchers wanted to use the technology to see if it offered insight into how or whether various dyes affect the topographical characteristics of the ILM. All of this information could be used to improve surgical outcomes and to foster research into additional treatments for the condition, Ivanisevic says.
The researchers found that bimodal dual AC mode microscopy, an atomic force imaging technique, captured the properties of the tissue in exceptional detail. Atomic force imaging effectively runs a probe over the surface of a material to collect data on its topography, similar to the way in which a record players needle runs over the surface of an album.
The next step would be to use this technology to assess the utility and potential risk of various dyes, Ivanisevic says. If we can find a dye that is extremely effective and poses little risk, it may be approved for use in future surgeries.
The paper, Deposition of Triamcinolone Acetonide and Its Effect on Soft Tissue Topography, was published online June 5 in Advanced Healthcare Materials. Lead author of the paper is Celimar Valentin-Rodriguez, a Ph.D. student at Purdue. Co-authors are Ivanisevic and Dr. Tongalp Tezel, of Louisville. The research was supported by a George Washington Carver Fellowship and Research To Prevent Blindness Inc.
More information: The paper, Deposition of Triamcinolone Acetonide and Its Effect on Soft Tissue Topography, was published online June 5 in Advanced Healthcare Materials. Lead author of the paper is Celimar Valentin-Rodriguez, et al, of Louisville. The research was supported by a George Washington Carver Fellowship and Research To Prevent Blindness Inc.
Bimodal imaging is utilized to characterize the topography of human tissue samples. The deposition of Triamcinolone Acetonide (TA) on various surfaces including surgical human inner limiting membrane (ILM) samples and collagen fibrillar sheetswas studied. Changes in composition were well defined with bimodal imaging when TA deposition was examined on mica. TA sedimentation resulted in observable changes in ILM topography when compared to collagen fibrillar sheets. The heterogeneous chemical and topographical features of the ILM tissues promoted the TA crystallization compared to the flatter and homogeneous collagen surfaces. Higher spatial resolution was achieved by imaging ILM samples in the new bimodal imaging mode. The most apparent difference was observed in the imaging of ILM samples which had been exposed to the steroid TA. The study demonstrated the usefulness of bimodal imaging to evaluate tissue samples.


The book Dear Educator touches on the soft skills that will help to position an educator and give him the advantage for better earning power. Each chapter is a letter written from the core of the heart of the author n very simple language that is easy to understand and practise. Insights into the tips and principles needed to get ahead are discussedattitudes, character, the importance of personal development and lots more. Tips are given on how to maintain the various relationships an educator will encounter in his careerrelationships with the parents of his students, his employers, colleagues and with his bosses. The need for a mentor and for networking are emphasised. In this book, the author shares her tips on her journey as an educator and the things that have helped her make a succes of the teaching career to the point of becoming a thought leader.
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I have below a beginning of a theorem:
If a function $f:I \rightarrow \mathbb{C}$ defined on an interval $I$ of length $p$ can be expanded to a piecewise differentiable function on $\overline{I}$, then will...
What does $\overline{I}$ mean in this context?
share|improve this question
usually the closure of $I$. That is, if $I$ is any of $(a,b), [a,b), (a,b], [a,b]$, then $\overline{I}= [a,b]$. – user20266 Jun 6 '12 at 19:45
Thank you sir, I will leave it as it is for now. – Paul Slevin Jun 6 '12 at 19:50
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1 Answer
up vote 2 down vote accepted
Here $\overline I$ means the closure of $I$ - in general this is the smallest closed set which contains $I$. If $I \subseteq \mathbb{R}$ is an interval, then it is just the interval with the endpoints included.
For a more general example, in $\mathbb{R}^2$ you have the set $B = \{ (x,y) \in \mathbb{R}^2 : | (x,y) | < 1 \}$, the open ball of radius $1$, centred at the origin. If we take its closure we get $\overline B =\{(x,y) \in \mathbb{R}^2 : |(x,y)| \le 1 \}$, the open disc which contains the boundary. This is the two-dimensional analogue of an interval.
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text: Directions: Print out dinosaur finger puppets. Color and cut out each puppet on the dotted lines. Use a pencil to punch a hole through the center of the circles. Place your first two fingers through the holes of a puppet to form the legs. Make the puppet move by moving your fingers. You can tell a story with your puppets.


text:
Colonial Williamsburg Gardens
Colonial Williamsburg is known for its cool green spaces, tidy flower gardens, fenced pastures, trimmed boxwoods, and big shade trees. It was not always so, as a 1777 account of the view from the cupola of the College of William and Mary indicates that both the York River and the James River were visible from that vantage point, because the view was unobstructed by trees.
Historians and horticulturists have combined historically accurate native plants with exotics that tolerate the hot humid summers to create gardens and green spaces that keep visitors coming back again and again to photograph and enjoy. Garden clubs make regular excursions to see the gardens and participate in Colonial Williamsburg gardening programs. At Christmas, plant materials are used to make some of the most beautiful and anticipated decorations in the country.
Whether you are interested in planning your own colonial garden, researching native plants, participating in an educational gardening program, visiting the colonial nursery, or taking a garden walking tour, you are sure to enjoy Colonial Williamsburg's gardens.
"Through the Garden Gate"
This walking tour focuses on the historic documents and archaeological evidence used in creating The Revolutionary City gardens.
"Gardens of Gentility"
This escorted walking tour visits the gardens of the Governor's Palace and other gardens along Palace Green.
"Meet the Gardener"
Garden volunteers answer questions about growing flowers and vegetables in The Revolutionary City.
A vibrant collection of springtime images. Learn more.
Flowers grown in Colonial Williamsburg gardens make this vivid screensaver. Learn more.
Available for PC and MAC.
- "A Williamsburg Perspective on Colonial Gardens," excerpted from The Gardens of Colonial Williamsburg, written by M. Kent Brinkley and Gordon W. Chappell.
- Relative Flowering Dates in the Gardens of Colonial Williamsburg
- Book: "Vegetable Gardening the Colonial Williamsburg Way"
- Book: "Plants of Colonial Williamsburg"
- Book: "Flowers and Herbs of Early America"
- Book: "From a Colonial Garden"
- Book: "The Gardens of Colonial Williamsburg"
- View more Colonial Williamsburg publications.


Today's name day(s): Konrád 21/Apr Print Printer friendly version
The word 'hogy' and its use
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This is one of the more unusual words, as it performs two roles. Its role that you will meet most early on in your studies is how in the context of how are you? - hogy vagy?
Its main and most common role is that (conjunction). It plays a crucial role in linking a statement to a verb.
'Hogy' as a conjunction - 'that'
Consider this sentence: "I believe that Hungarian women are beautiful" Note how it has two parts that are complete sentences in themselves: "I believe" and "Hungarian women are beautiful." These two statements are joined by a conjunction, which serves the role of turning that second statement into somthing akin to an argument of the first.
This is where hogy comes into to play: Azt hiszem, hogy szépek a magyar lányok. Note how there is a comma before the conjunction. This is the way it works.
You can think of this working in the following manner:
Hungarian objects must be marked by the accusative noun case, but the "argument" of the above sentence is a sentence in itself, so how do we place the entire phrase/clause into the accusative case? Well, we use a pronoun to represent the entire clause, we put the pronoun into the accusative, and then state what the pronoun represents using hogy.
That is:
 - What do we believe? I believe {szépek a magyar lányok}. That entire phrase needs to be represented in the accusative.
 - What we believe is well-defined, so we must use the Hungarian definite conjugation and say hiszem
 - Use a pronoun to represent this phrase, and place it into the accusative: azt
 - Link the two with hogy
Similarly when an entire phrase needs to be place into any noun case, we can use the same logic.
 - emlékszik [vmire] remember something - this uses the ra/re (sublative) case
 - nem emlékszem arra, hogy mit csináltam tegnap I don't remember what I did yesterday
 - nem emlékszem arra (pronoun representing the forthcoming phrase)... hogy (conjunction)... mit csináltam tegnap (the phrase we're remembering)
Wonderfully, the same logic still applies even when the phrase we're representing itself contains "hogy." Suppose the phrase we're representing is hogy hívják what they call (it) / what it is called / its name
 - nem emlékszem arra, hogy hogy hívják I don't remember what it's called
 - nem emlékszem arra (pronoun representing the forthcoming phrase)... hogy (conjunction)... hogy hívják (the phrase we're remembering)
Common phrases with conjunctions
Using the above logic, here are some phrases that are incredibly common. You should memorise their structure.
 - azt hiszem, hogy.... I believe that...
 - azt mondják, hogy.... they say that...
 - azt gondoltam, hogy.... I thought that... (past tense)
 - úgy tippelem, hogy.... nem I guess that... no (i.e. "I guess not")
 - úgy hívják, hogy... Áginak they call her thus...Ági (see the dative case page)
Other hogy-like words
Here are some words that contain 'hogy' but actually have nothing to do with the above meanings.
 - hogyhogy?! how come?!
 - dehogynem! but of course! Note how this word contains 'nem' but has a positive meaning. Careful!
 - hogyan [adv] how, by what means
 - hogyha [conj] if, supposing, when
 - hogyne [adv] of course, naturally
 - hogyisne! [interjection] Hell, no! Certainly not!
See also
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text: A comparative study of the forelimbs of the semifossorial prairie dog, Cynomys gunnisoni, and the scansorial tree squirrel, Sciurus niger, was focused on the musculoskeletal design for digging in the former and climbing in the latter. Based on lever arm mechanics, it was expected that the forelimb of the prairie dog would show features appropriate to the production of relatively large forces and that of the fox squirrel to relatively great velocity. Force and lever arm measurements were made of select forelimb muscles at the shoulder, elbow, and wrist joints for a series of angles in both species. Contraction time and fatigue indexes were determined for the same forelimb muscles. Contrary to expectation, in the few cases in which significant (P less than.05) differences were found, the forces, lever arms, and torques (force times its lever arm) were greater in the smaller fox squirrel. The observed variation in the torques produced fits the demands on the forelimb during climbing and digging as estimated from films. Several forelimb muscles of the fox squirrel show significantly higher mean contraction times than do the homologous muscles of the prairie dog. There were no significant differences between the two species in the fatigability of the selected forelimb muscles, although the mean fatigue index was always higher (less fatigable muscle) in the prairie dog. Similarities in the forelimbs of these two sciurids suggest that only minor modifications may have been required of the ancestral forelimb in order for descendent forms to operate successfully as climbers and diggers.


Solaris 9 Installation Guide
Validating the custom_probes File
Before you can use a profile, rules, and custom_probes file, you must run the check script to validate that the files are set up correctly. If all profiles, rules, and probe and comparison functions are correctly set up, the rules.ok and custom_probes.ok files are created. Table 25–1 describes what the check script does.
Table 25–1 What Happens When You Use the check Script
check searches for a custom_probes file.
If the file exists, check creates the custom_probes.ok file from the custom_probes file, removes all comments and blank lines, and retains all Bourne shell commands, variables, and algorithms. Then, check adds the following comment line at the end:
# version=2 checksum=num
To Validate the custom_probes File
 1. Verify that the check script is located in the JumpStart directory.
 Note –
 The check script is in the Solaris_9/Misc/jumpstart_sample directory on the Solaris 9 DVD or on the Solaris 9 Software 1 of 2 CD.
 2. Change to the JumpStart directory.
 3. Run the check script to validate the rules and custom_probes files.
 $./check [[-p path -r file_name]]
 -p path
 Validates the custom_probes file by using the check script from the Solaris 9 software image for your platform instead of the check script from the system you are using. path is the image on a local disk or a mounted Solaris 9 DVD or Solaris 9 Software 1 of 2 CD.
 Use this option to run the most recent version of check if your system is running a previous version of Solaris.
 -r file_name
 Specifies a file name other than the one that is named custom_probes. By using the -r option, you can test the validity of a set of functions before integrating the functions into the custom_probes file.
 As the check script runs, the script reports the validity of the rules and custom_probes files and each profile. If no errors are encountered, the script reports: "The custom JumpStart configuration is ok" and creates the rules.ok and custom_probes.ok files in the JumpStart directory.
 4. Determine if the custom_probes.ok file is executable.
 - If yes, go to Step 5.
 - If no, type the following command:
 chmod +x custom_probes
 5. Ensure that root owns the custom_probes.ok file and that the permissions are set to 755.


Something that will come in handy while porting applications to Mono is the ability to detect whether an application is running under Mono or.NET, and also whether it's running on Unix or Windows. While one would hope that.NET applications would be completely binary portable, there are still some situations where Mono's infancy becomes a stumbling block.
From the Mono Project Technical FAQ:
The following methods are documented in the FAQ, but to save everyone time, I'll document them here.
Detecting Mono:
 1: using System;
 3: class Program {
 4: static void Main ()
 5: {
 6: Type t = Type.GetType ("Mono.Runtime");
 7: if (t!= null)
 8: Console.WriteLine ("You are running with the Mono VM");
 9: else
 10: Console.WriteLine ("You are running something else");
 11: }
 12: }
Detecting Linux/Unix:
 1: using System;
 3: class Program {
 5: static void Main ()
 6: {
 7: int p = (int) Environment.OSVersion.Platform;
 8: if ((p == 4) || (p == 128)) {
 9: Console.WriteLine ("Running on Unix");
 10: } else {
 11: Console.WriteLine ("NOT running on Unix");
 12: }
 13: }
 14: }
I apologize for the bad code formatting above, but I'm still fighting to get proper syntax highlighting working with Live Writer and BlogEngine.NET.
Comments are closed


text:
Athens, Ga. – A new University of Georgia study suggests that health agencies investigating Salmonella illnesses should consider untreated surface water as a possible source of contamination.
Researchers, whose results appear in the March issue of the journal Applied and Environmental Microbiology, tested water over a one-year period in rivers and streams in a region of south Georgia known for its high rate of sporadic salmonella cases. The team found Salmonella in 79 percent of water samples, with the highest concentrations and the greatest diversity of strains in the summer and after rainfall.
"Streams are not routinely tested for Salmonella, and our finding is an indication that many more could be contaminated than people realize," said Erin Lipp, associate professor in the UGA College of Public Health. "We found our highest numbers in the summer months, and this is also the time when most people get sick."
Lipp, who co-authored the study with former UGA graduate student Bradd Haley and Dana Cole in the Georgia Division of Public Health, said that although contaminated water used to irrigate or wash produce has been linked to several well-publicized outbreaks of salmonellosis in recent years, the environmental factors that influence Salmonella levels in natural waters are not well understood. She said understanding how Salmonella levels change in response to variables such as temperature and rainfall are critical to predicting—and ultimately preventing—the waterborne transmission of the bacteria.
The team studied streams in the upper reaches of the Suwannee River Basin, which begins in south Georgia and flows into central Florida. The study area contains a mix of forested lands, row crops, pasturelands, wetlands and small cities. The researchers chose sampling sites near a variety of those environments but found little variation in Salmonella concentrations by location. The diversity of Salmonella strains, however, was highest near a farm containing cattle and a pivot irrigation system, suggesting that close proximity to livestock and agriculture increase the risk of contamination. The researchers also found a strong and direct correlation between rainfall for the two days preceding sample collection and the concentration of Salmonella, suggesting that runoff contributes to the contamination.
Salmonella can be found in the intestinal tracts of several species of animals and in humans. The bacteria are shed in feces, but Lipp said recent data suggest that they can persist and possibly grow in water if given the right conditions. Her study found that the diversity and concentration of Salmonella increased as temperatures increased. The highest concentrations and greatest diversity of strains were found in August, the warmest month of the year. Lipp adds that her study, which was funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Joint Program on Climate Variability and Human Health, lends support to the idea that Salmonella illnesses could increase as a result of global warming.
Lipp notes that her study area had 58 cases of Salmonella illness per 100,000 people in 2007, the last year for which figures are available, compared to a state average of 22 cases per 100,000 people and a national average of 15 cases per 100,000 people. She said the exact mechanisms by which people in her study area are being exposed to environmental Salmonella are unclear, but the most commonly detected strain in the studied streams was among the top ten associated with human infections in the health district. The porous nature of the soil in the study area means that surface water and groundwater are prone to mixing, especially after rainfalls, and Lipp said that poorly sited wells might be a factor in many illnesses. Another possibility, especially common among children, is so called incidental exposure by which people become infected with the bacteria when playing in or near contaminated waterways.
"Understanding the environmental factors that contribute to salmonella illnesses can guide our efforts to educate people about how they can avoid being sickened through the proper construction and maintenance of wells, basic hygiene such as hand washing and good food safety practices," Lipp said. "We also have the potential to decrease the likelihood of larger outbreaks related to produce, because in many cases contaminated irrigation water, and not the produce itself, may be the cause of the outbreak."


text:
In her sculpture work, Anne Mondro has designed a metaphor for the close-knit relationships between medical patients and their caregivers. The artist practices a crochet hook and tinned copper wire to create realistic 3D models of the heart, depicting the human pulse—both literal and physical—within the healthcare system.
Over the ensuing years, Mondro has seen many tender relationships between the memory loss patients and their caregivers, and she tells,
"When you care for a loved one, the two of you become intertwined. You take on their vulnerabilities but also their strengths. As I thought about that relationship, it was important that these forms be tied together somehow."
The project's influence dates back to 2006 when Monroe first developed a course named Retaining Identity as a professor at the University of Michigan's Stamps School of Art and Design. The class matched students with persons with dementia via the U-M Geriatric Center, encouraging the artists to recognize the ways that creativity might provide an empowering, enlivening balm during times of illness.


Change scan and pattern size
Patterns in an EBSD or EBSDMasterPattern signal s are stored in the attribute as either numpy.ndarray or dask.array.Array. HyperSpy's user guide explains how to access, i.e. index, the data. This section details example uses of scan and pattern indexing specific to EBSD and EBSDMasterPattern objects.
Crop a scan or pattern
A new EBSD or EBSDMasterPattern signal s2 can be created from a region of interest in another EBSD or EBSDMasterPattern signal s by using HyperSpy's navigation indexing method inav. The new signal keeps the metadata and original_metadata of s. Say we, after plotting and inspecting the an EBSD scan, want to create a new, smaller scan of the patterns within a rectangle defined by the upper left pattern with index (53, 82) and the bottom right pattern with index (74, 105):
>>> s
>>> s2 = s.inav[53:74, 82:105]
>>> s2
Or, we want a new EBSDMasterPattern signal with only the 20 keV beam energy:
>>> s
>>> s.axes_manager["energy"].axis
array([10., 11., 12., 13., 14., 15., 16., 17., 18., 19., 20.])
>>> s2 = s.inav[-1]
>>> s2
Patterns can also be cropped with the signal indexing method isig. Say we wanted to remove the ten outermost pixels in our (60 x 60) pixel patterns:
>>> s3 = s.isig[10:50, 10:50]
>>> s3
The same pattern in scan s before cropping (left) and in scan s3 after cropping (right).
A new EBSD scan with patterns binned e.g. by 2 can be obtained using the rebin() method provided by HyperSpy, explained further in their user guide, by passing in either the scale or new_shape parameter:
>>> print(s,
>>> s3 = s.rebin(scale=(1, 1, 2, 2))
>>> print(s3,
 uint64
Note that rebin() casts the data to uint64. This means that in this example, each pixel in the binned scan s3 takes up eight times the memory size of pixels in the original scan s. If you want, you can rescale the intensities to e.g. the uint8 data type range.
This also works for EBSDMasterPattern signals.


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Aspirant is a military rank in the Canadian Navy, Estonian Defence Forces, French military, Brazilian military, Italian Air Force, Romanian Navy and Polish Policja.
Canadian Navy[edit | edit source]
Similar to the French usage, the Canadian Navy uses the French-language rank of "Aspirant de marine" (AspM) to denote a junior officer under training. The same rank in the English language is referred to as "Naval Cadet" (NCdt). An aspirant de marine does not hold the Queen's commission and must either acquire a university degree or complete his first trades qualification to earn promotion.
Estonian Defence Forces[edit | edit source]
Junior Sergeant conscriptees having passed the Reserve Platoon Commander Course get ranked Aspirants meaning they will be given officer ranks(Ensign or Junior Liutenant) in case of mobilisation and war. Some Aspirants also get promoted during reserve war games.
French Army[edit | edit source]
An Officer Designate rank, it is used in the Armée de Terre (Army), the Armée de l'Air (Air Force), the Marine Nationale (Navy) and the Gendarmerie Nationale. Technically it is not a commissioned rank but it is still treated in all respects as one. Aspirants are either officers in training in military academies or voluntaries, serving as temporary officers. The aspirant must have been previously élève officier (Officer Cadet). He can afterwards be commissioned as a sous-lieutenant or enseigne de vaisseau de deuxième classe. His insignia is a single curl of gold lace, disrupted by "flashes" of wool. It was widely used during both World Wars for providing young educated people with an officer's authority.
Portuguese Armed Forces[edit | edit source]
Aspirante-a-oficial is the first rank in the officer corps, coming below Alferes in the army and air force and Guarda-Marinha (Naval School graduates) or Sub-tenente (temporary officers graduated from civilian universities) in the navy.
Romanian Navy[edit | edit source]
In the Romanian Navy, Aspirant is the lowest commissioned rank, equivalent to the rank of Ensign.
Norway[edit | edit source]
In Norway, the "Aspirant Course" is a three-year trainee programme for students intending to work for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, i.e. prospective diplomats.
Other uses[edit | edit source]
An aspirant is also a title for doctoral education candidates in the post-Soviet states. This educational step leads to a scientific degree called kandidat nauk.
The term is also used in reference to religious vocations as one who is discerning the religious life.
See also[edit | edit source]


text: Allogeneic islet transplantation into the liver has the potential to restore normoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes. However, the suboptimal microenvironment for islets in the liver is likely to be involved in the progressive islet dysfunction that is often observed post-transplantation. This study validates a novel microwell scaffold platform to be used for the extrahepatic transplantation of islet of Langerhans. Scaffolds were fabricated from either a thin polymer film or an electrospun mesh of poly(ethylene oxide terephthalate)-poly(butylene terephthalate) (PEOT/PBT) block copolymer (composition: 4000PEOT30PBT70) and were imprinted with microwells, ~400 µm in diameter and ~350 µm in depth. The water contact angle and water uptake were 39±2° and 52.1±4.0 wt%, respectively. The glucose flux through electrospun scaffolds was three times higher than for thin film scaffolds, indicating enhanced nutrient diffusion. Human islets cultured in microwell scaffolds for seven days showed insulin release and insulin content comparable to those of free-floating control islets. Islet morphology and insulin and glucagon expression were maintained during culture in the microwell scaffolds. Our results indicate that the microwell scaffold platform prevents islet aggregation by confinement of individual islets in separate microwells, preserves the islet's native rounded morphology, and provides a protective environment without impairing islet functionality, making it a promising platform for use in extrahepatic islet transplantation.


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Sablefish is a moderately growing, long-lived species that is found in deep waters of the Pacific Ocean, from northern Alaska to Baja California.
Sablefish abundance is currently at a moderate level. Abundance depends heavily on annual recruitment, which may be affected by environmental conditions like water temperature, currents and food availability.
In Alaska, Sablefish are caught primarily by longlines, while bottom trawls are used more on the West Coast. Trawls are significantly more damaging to seafloor ecosystems and result in greater bycatch of immature and non-target fish.
Management of Sablefish is good overall, with implementation of a quota share system in which fishers own a share of the total allowed catch and are allowed to fish at anytime within the season. This allows fishermen the time to target areas with lower bycatch. Sablefish are one of the most valuable fisheries in Alaska and the West Coast.


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Tuesday, June 23, 2009
Creek Council Oak Tree, Prior to 1836
1750 South Cheyenne Ave.
The Creek Council Tree, a mature burr oak, marks the traditional "busk ground" chosen in 1836 by the Tulsa-Lochapoka clan of Creek Indians. They built a fire here and scattered the ashes brought from their last campfire in Alabama. In late 1834, they had begun their involuntary migration from Alabama under the control of the U.S. Government. It was a slow and painful trek; of the original group of 630, 161 died in route.
Their 1836 arrival was marked with a solemn and traditional ceremony. A "busk" site was chosen on a low hill overlooking the Arkansas River. Here, according to their traditions, they deposited ashes brought over the trail from their last fires in Alabama. The Tulsa-Lochapoka, a political division of the Creek Nation, established their "town." As late as 1896, the Lochapoka gathered here for ceremonies, feasts, and games.
The site was probably not used by the Indians after about 1900. Gradually it became a solid residential area for the growing city of Tulsa. The Creek Council Tree itself, however, survived. The oak, standing in its small, well-landscaped city park, serves as a meaningful memorial to the proud Indian tribe that brought law and order to a new homeland 173 years ago. I know of nothing in Tulsa history that is any older than this.
The Creek Council Tree was listed in the National Register on September 29, 1976. It was listed under National Register Criteria A, and its NRIS number is 76001576.
This historic old tree has its own little corner park.
Acorns from a Burr Oak tree. These are the largest acorns of any oak tree.


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cell cultures and plants. More than $500 million and five years are required to build a facility for mammalian cell cultures. Using plants to produce therapeutic proteins lowers facility and production costs associated with plant-made pharmaceuticals.
One of the companies developing plant-produced antibodies estimates that this production method is 25 to 100 times less expensive than cell-fermentation methods. Standard fermentation methods can produce 5 to 10 kilograms of a therapeutic antibody per year, while this company reports that it can produce 10,000 kilograms of monoclonal antibodies per year. Using plants as factories to produce therapeutic proteins also enables researchers to develop novel and complex molecular forms that could not normally be grown in mammalian cell cultures.
Because protein-producing plants require relatively little capital investment, and the costs of production and maintenance are minimal, they may provide the only economically viable option for independent production of therapeutic proteins in underdeveloped countries.


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Total White Population 36 Years Old (Metro)
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 General Notes: White includes people who identify themselves as White and people who do not identify themselves by any race but identify themselves by nationality such as Canadian, German, Italian, Arab, Lebanese, Near Eastern, or Polish. Hispanic population are persons of Spanish origin regardless of race; White, African American, American Indian or Alaskan Native, and Asian or Pacific Islander populations do not include Hispanic persons; these four races plus Hispanics sum to total residential population. Historical data are revised each year and some historical data are estimated for witheld data due to disclosure and confidentiality policies.
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Welcome to Shengbao Special Cotton Machine Technology Co., Ltd. official website!
Does Saxo teach you how to pack the packer?
Type：News | Updatetime：2021-03-26 10:33:23
After the baler is purchased, how is the baling done when the baling is carried out, and what is the specific baling process? As a professional automatic baler manufacturer, I will take everyone to understand the baler packaging process. The packing process of the packing machine is composed of four links: feeding, tightening, cutting, and pasting.
During the belt feeding process, the belt feeding wheel rotates counterclockwise, and the friction between the toothed belt wheel and the packing belt is used to make the packing belt advance along the packing belt path until the end of the packing belt hits the micro switch of the stopper, So that the packing tape is stopped, and it is in the position to be packed.
In the process of tightening the strap, the right paw rises to press the end of the strap, and the feeding wheel rotates clockwise. The friction force is also used to make the strap withdraw along the rail frame. At this time, the blades in the rail are retracting from the strap. Under the action of pulling force, it is released, so that the packing belt is continuously withdrawn until it is close to the surface of the package, and the tensioning arm swings downwards to completely tighten the packing belt.
The next step is the cutting and ironing process. The left jaw rises and presses the two layers of packing belts. The isolation table exits and the ironing head follows up. The two ends of the packing belt are heated. This is when the pressure block rises and cuts the packing belt.
Then there is the pasting process. The ironing head exits the actual position, and the pressure block continues to rise, and the two layers are pressed together with the heated packing tape to complete the packing action.
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Behavior and diet
The impala is a medium-sized antelope (Aepyceros melampus) ranging between 75 and 95 cm (30 and 37 in) tall and weighing 40 – 60 kg (88 – 130 lb). Like other antelope, impalas are herbivores that are frequently found at grassland and woodland edges, usually close to water. Their coats are a red-brown color and their haunches are white with black vertical lines down them. It is these marking that earn them the nickname of the "MacDonald's of the Serengeti," as the lines down the thighs combined with the black line down the tail look like a capital letter M. Impalas are social creatures and travel in large herds, partly for safety in numbers. The gestation period of the impala is around 200 days and they normally give birth to a single calf.


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Is there a specific name to this? For me it looks like a view router, or a presenter router (I would name it like that) but maybe there is a better name and explication.
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1 Answer 1
You might get away with calling this a strategy pattern or a collection of template methods.
But don't try too hard to assign names to how ruby is used. In ruby you can add and modify classes and individual objects, throw around code blocks etc., with such ease that the standard design patterns seem less pertinent after a while.
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If it doesn't have a specific name, then I'll stick with Strategy. If we take Strategy and Bridge, they are actually the same pattern, except that a Strategy objectifies an algorithm, a behaviour, while Bridge is for specifying object structure. Maybe this thing will get a name if it gets more popular. I think that it doesn't depend much on what tools the programming language provides. The design patterns seem more about a concept than of the actual implementation. So if you implement the Strategy pattern with modules or Roles with extending objects, it is still going to be the given pattern – FreeCandies Nov 13 '12 at 2:13
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Quick Answer: How Do You Bowl Off Spin And Leg Spin?
Can a fast bowler bowl spin?
A bowler can bowl fast or spin(whatever he/she wants).
Let's take a bowler who predominantly bowls medium pace, but can also bowl spin decently.
But a bowler wouldn't normally try to bowl BOTH spin and fast in the same over.
That's not because it's not allowed or he can't bowl..
How do you bowl a Teesra?
The ball is held by an off-spinner in his normal action but instead of twisting the arm at the point of the delivery, the bowler simply does not roll his fingers down the back of the ball. The delivery looks like it will turn a lot but it doesn't turn at all. This is a good way of deceiving the batsman.
Who is the king of off spin?
Shane WarneBirthday Special: Here's why Shane Warne was the 'King of Spin'
Does spin spin off finger?
Finger spin (also known as off spin) is a type of bowling in the sport of cricket. … The other spinning technique, generally used to spin the ball in the opposite direction, is wrist spin. Although there are exceptions, finger spinners generally turn the ball less than wrist spinners.
What is the difference between off break and off spin?
Off spin is a type of finger spin bowling in cricket. A bowler who uses this technique is called an off spinner. Off spinners are right-handed spin bowlers who use their fingers to spin the ball. … The ball breaks away from the off side, hence the name 'off break'.
Can Off spinner bowl googly?
If an off-spinner bowls a ball which moves away from the batsman, then its a doosra. If a leg spinner bowls a ball which moves in to the batsman, then its a googly. Note : Considering a right hand bowler bowling to a right hand batsman.
Which way does a leg spinner spin the ball?
The leg spinner's normal delivery causes the ball to spin from right to left (from the bowler's perspective) in the cricket pitch when the ball bounces. For a right-handed batsman, that is away from the leg side, and this is where it gets the name leg break, meaning it breaks away from the leg.
Is wrist spin Leg spin?
A wrist spin delivery is released with the arm held in a fully pronated position, with the fingers on the inside of the ball (to the left for a right-handed bowler). … Right-handed wrist spin is more commonly known as leg spin.
Which is better off spin or leg spin?
There are various reasons why the leg-spinners are more challenging to face; or even why they tend to pick more wickets than off-spinners. In the case of the leg-spinners, they get more torque on the ball, which allows them to get more drift in the flight. With the help of that, to read them off their hands gets tough.
Can an off spinner bowl leg spin?
Off-spinner R Ashwin's leg-spin may start a movement among bowlers.
Who is the best spinner in the world now?
We look at the five best spinners in the cricket world today.Imran Tahir. Imran Tahir is one of the key bowlers of South African bowling line-up. … Ravindra Jadeja. He is one of the vital bowlers of Indian bowling line up especially in test format. … Rangana Hearth. … Nathan Lyon. … Ravichandran Ashwin.
Who is the best leg spinner in the world now?
Rashid KhanRashid Khan has emerged as one of the greatest leg-spinners in the global cricketing circuit in recent times. He has been a favourite to pick wickets for his team in clutch situations — and his wit while spinning the ball has made him a must-have by all the teams of all the global T20 leagues in world cricket.
Can spinner bowl a bouncer?
Yes Spinners can bowl bouncers and it has happened many times in the history of cricket. Spinner can also bowl any type of bowls which other bowlers bowls. There is no restriction.


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The post about Are Baby Showers For Men was uploaded on July 23, 2017 at 2:35 am. This blog post is uploaded in the Shower category. Are Baby Showers For Men is labelled with Are Baby Showers For Men, Are, Baby, Showers, For, Men..
Areare1 (är; unstressed ər),USA pronunciation v.
pres. indic. pl. and 2nd pers. sing. of be.
Babyba•by (bā′bē),USA pronunciation n., pl. -bies, adj., v., -bied, -by•ing.
- an infant or very young child.
- a newborn or very young animal.
- the youngest member of a family, group, etc.
- an immature or childish person.
- a human fetus.
- [Sometimes Disparaging and Offensive.]a girl or woman, esp. an attractive one.
- a person of whom one is deeply fond;
- (sometimes cap.) an affectionate or familiar address (sometimes offensive when used to strangers, casual acquaintances, subordinates, etc., esp. by a male to a female).
- a man or boy;
fellow: He's a tough baby to have to deal with.
- an invention, creation, project, or the like that requires one's special attention or expertise or of which one is especially proud.
- an object;
thing: Is that car there your baby?
- of or suitable for a baby: baby clothes.
- of or like a baby;
infantile: baby skin.
comparatively little: a baby car.
- treating babies: a baby doctor.
- to treat like a young child;
- to handle or use with special care;
Showersshow•er1 (shou′ər),USA pronunciation n.
- a brief fall of rain or, sometimes, of hail or snow.
- Also called show′er bath′. a bath in which water is sprayed on the body, usually from an overhead perforated nozzle(showerhead).
- the apparatus for this or the room or stall enclosing it.
- a large supply or quantity: a shower of wealth.
- a party given for a bestowal of presents of a specific kind, esp. such a party for a prospective bride or prospective mother: a linen shower; a baby shower.
- a fall of many objects, as tears, sparks, or missiles.
- See air shower.
- showers, a room or area equipped with several showerheads or stalls for use by a number of people at the same time.
- send to the showers, [Baseball.]
- to replace (a pitcher) during a game, usually because he or she is ineffective: The coach sent him to the showers after he walked three batters in a row.
- to cause (a pitcher) to be replaced in a game, as by getting many hits off him or her;
knock out of the box: Two home runs and a line-drive double sent her to the showers.
- to bestow liberally or lavishly.
- to deluge (a person) with gifts, favors, etc.: She was showered with gifts on her birthday.
- to bathe (oneself ) in a shower bath.
- to rain in a shower.
- to take a shower bath.
Forfor (fôr; unstressed fər),USA pronunciation prep.
- with the object or purpose of: to run for exercise.
- intended to belong to, or be used in connection with: equipment for the army; a closet for dishes.
- suiting the purposes or needs of: medicine for the aged.
- in order to obtain, gain, or acquire: a suit for alimony; to work for wages.
- (used to express a wish, as of something to be experienced or obtained): O, for a cold drink!
- sensitive or responsive to: an eye for beauty.
- desirous of: a longing for something; a taste for fancy clothes.
- in consideration or payment of;
in return for: three for a dollar; to be thanked for one's efforts.
- appropriate or adapted to: a subject for speculation; clothes for winter.
- with regard or respect to: pressed for time; too warm for April.
- during the continuance of: for a long time.
- in favor of;
on the side of: to be for honest government.
- in place of;
instead of: a substitute for butter.
- in the interest of;
on behalf of: to act for a client.
- in exchange for;
as an offset to: blow for blow; money for goods.
- in punishment of: payment for the crime.
- in honor of: to give a dinner for a person.
- with the purpose of reaching: to start for London.
- contributive to: for the advantage of everybody.
- in order to save: to flee for one's life.
- in order to become: to train recruits for soldiers.
- in assignment or attribution to: an appointment for the afternoon; That's for you to decide.
- such as to allow of or to require: too many for separate mention.
- such as results in: his reason for going.
- as affecting the interests or circumstances of: bad for one's health.
- in proportion or with reference to: He is tall for his age.
- in the character of;
as being: to know a thing for a fact.
- by reason of;
because of: to shout for joy; a city famed for its beauty.
- in spite of: He's a decent guy for all that.
- to the extent or amount of: to walk for a mile.
- (used to introduce a subject in an infinitive phrase): It's time for me to go.
- (used to indicate the number of successes out of a specified number of attempts): The batter was 2 for 4 in the game.
- for it, See in (def. 21).
- seeing that;
Menmen (men),USA pronunciation n.
- pl. of man.
var. of menobefore a vowel: menarche.
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gftopk (1) - Linux Man Pages
gftopk: convert generic font files to packed font files
gftopk - convert generic font files to packed font files
gftopk [-v] gf_file_name [pk_file_name]
The gftopk program converts a generic font file output by, for example, mf(1), to a packed font file for use by DVI-reading programs. Packed font files (pk files) are much smaller than the corresponding gf files, so they are generally the font format of choice.
The gf_file_name on the command line must be complete. Because the resolution is part of the extension, it would not make sense to append a default extension as is done with TeX or DVI-reading software. The pk_file_name defaults to the same (stripped) name as gf_file_name, and it is placed in the current working directory with the pk suffix replacing gf. For example, the input file cmr10.300gf would become cmr10.300pk.
Unless the -v switch is given, gftopk operates silently. With -v, the version number of the program and statistics about the packing are output to stdout.
gftopk looks for gf_file_name first in the current directory. If it is not present there, it uses the environment variable GFFONTS. If that is not set, it uses the variable TEXFONTS. If that is not set, it uses the system default.
See tex(1) for the details of the searching.
Donald E. Knuth et al., Metafontware.


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CCTV Lens Field of View Calculator
The function of the lens is to collect light reflected from the scene and focus it into an image onto the CCTV camera sensor. Most CCTV applications use a fixed-focal-length (FFL) lens, which, like your eye's lens, covers a constant angular field of view (FOV). That is, the FFL images a scene with constant magnification. A large variety of CCTV camera lenses are available with different focal lengths (FLs), which will provide different FOVs. Wide-angle, medium-angle, or narrow-angle lenses produce different magnifications and FOVs.
How to use this tool
This handy FOV calculator will help you in determining which lens is right for your application. Enter the camera lens format, the distance to the object, focal length of the lens, and click "Calculate" to see the field of view you can expect with that lens. It also works in reverse. If you know the field of view you need, enter it and the distance to the object along with camera format to find the focal length you will need to get the field of view desired.
How to read license plates
Typically you need a horizontal field of view of 10 feet or less to be able to read a license plate. Thus, at 100 feet with a 1/3" standard camera, you will need a 50 mm lens to get a horizontal FOV of under 10 feet. This doubles to a 100 mm lens at a distance of 200 feet, and so on.