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virt-format(1) Virtualization Support virt-format(1)
virt-format - Erase and make a blank disk
 virt-format [--options] -a disk.img [-a disk.img...]
Virt-format takes an existing disk file (or it can be a host partition, LV etc), erases all data on it, and formats it as a blank disk. It can optionally create partition tables, empty filesystems, logical volumes and more.
To create a disk containing data, you may be better to use virt-make-fs(1). If you are creating a blank disk to use in guestfish(1), you should instead use the guestfish -N option.
Normal usage would be something like this:
 virt-format -a disk.qcow
or this:
 virt-format -a /dev/VG/LV
disk.qcow or /dev/VG/LV must exist already. Any data on these disks will be erased by these commands. These commands will create a single empty partition covering the whole disk, with no filesystem inside it.
Additional parameters can be used to control the creation of partitions, filesystems, etc. The most commonly used options are:
Create an empty filesystem ("ext3", "ntfs" etc) inside the partition.
Create a Linux LVM2 logical volume on the disk. When used with --filesystem, the filesystem is created inside the LV.
For more information about these and other options, see "OPTIONS" below.
The format of the disk is normally auto-detected, but you can also force it by using the --format option (q.v.). In situations where you do not trust the existing content of the disk, then it is advisable to use this option to avoid possible exploits.
Display brief help.
-a file
--add file
Add file, a disk image, host partition, LV, external USB disk, etc.
Any existing data on the disk is erased.
-a URI
--add URI
This parameter sets the sector size of the disk image. It affects all explicitly added subsequent disks after this parameter. Using --blocksize with no argument switches the disk sector size to the default value which is usually 512 bytes. See also "guestfs_add_drive_opts" in guestfs(3).
Create an empty filesystem of the specified type. Many filesystem types are supported by libguestfs.
Create no filesystem. This is the default.
For example:
 virt-format --format=raw -a disk.img
forces raw format (no auto-detection) for disk.img.
 virt-format --format=raw -a disk.img --format -a another.img
Set the filesystem label.
Create a Linux LVM2 logical volume called /dev/VG/LV. You can change the name of the volume group and logical volume.
Create a Linux LVM2 logical volume with the default name (/dev/VG/LV).
Create no logical volume. This is the default.
Create either an MBR or GPT partition covering the whole disk. MBR is chosen if the disk size is < 2 TB, GPT if ≥ 2 TB.
This is the default.
Create a GPT partition.
Create an MBR partition.
Create no partition table. Note that Windows may not be able to see these disks.
Enable verbose messages for debugging.
Display version number and exit.
Normally virt-format does not wipe data from the disk (because that takes a long time). Thus if there is data on the disk, it is only hidden and partially overwritten by virt-format, and it might be recovered by disk editing tools.
If you use this option, virt-format writes zeroes over the whole disk so that previous data is not recoverable.
Enable tracing of libguestfs API calls.
This program returns 0 on success, or 1 on failure.
guestfs(3), guestfish(1), virt-filesystems(1), virt-make-fs(1), virt-rescue(1), virt-resize(1),
Richard W.M. Jones
Copyright (C) 2012 Red Hat Inc.
To report a new bug against libguestfs, use this link:
When reporting a bug, please supply:
 - The version of libguestfs.
2020-03-09 libguestfs-1.42.0


text: The objectives of the paper are to first develop a measurement scale for Islamic attributes of destination and then to investigate the influence of Islamic attributes on overall tourist satisfaction. This study followed the sequence of steps that should be performed in developing measures of constructs. The measurement was tested and found to be both reliable and valid. The study found positive relationship between Islamic attributes of destination and overall tourist satisfaction. Important marketing implications are also presented. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Petrographic assessment and mineralogical analysis with polarised light microscopy.
Identification of minerals and textures and classification of rocks with polarised light microscopy
The study and analysis of thin sections and metallographic specimens using transmitted polarised and reflected light microscopy for opaque phases is one of the main techniques used for the petrographic assessment of samples and is essential in areas such as mining and oil exploration.
Caracterización petrográfica
Microscopic photography and digital imaging
Mineralogical and petrographic reports include microscopic photographs representative of all the detectable minerals and textures. Morphometry software and imaging are also available specifically for microscopy, enabling the digital processing of images to measure distances, areas, perimeters and angles and to conduct automatic matrices and coarse-grain quantification and the automatic counting of grains.
Quantification of mineral phases: modal counting
escOrsa has an automated stage to perform counts on thin sections. This stage sweeps the thin section, following a regular grid pattern to determine the exact proportion of minerals present in the rock.
escOrsa has its own laboratory for the thin-section preparation of rocks, minerals and polished metallographic specimens.


Satbara | What is 7/12 | सातबारा उतारा माहिती
Satbara | What is 7/12 | सातबारा उतारा माहिती
Most of people are living in Cities because of jobs, services or any kind of business. Most of people have lands in their villages and they don't know about How much Land is there? Which crop is there? If you want to know more about your Agriculture land then Satbara (7/12) is important. You get a detailed information about your land by using Satbara Utara. Maharashtra government developed portal named Mahabhulekh where you get a detailed information of your land through 7/12 and 8A Records.
What is 7/12 (Satbara)?
सातबारा उतारा
You can called mirror of Land. Because you get a all information of your land at home without going into land. There are total 21 types of sections of village land in Maharashtra Land Revenue Code 1966. Combined of form 7 and form 12, we got a 7/12 Utara.
How to Read Satbara 7/12 Utara?
In Satbara Utara there are two sections one is form 7 and another is form 12. Both are combined in single form.
Form 7: It defines Owner details and their rights
Form 12: It defines Crop Details
Why 7/12 is Important?
While a buying and plot or agriculture land you need to get a 7/12 Utara first. 7/12 Utara clears your all doubts regarding land. You must remember that satbara cannot be used for transfer land from one owner to another owner.
How to Get a Satbara (7/12) Utara?
You get a satbara Utara from Tehsil Office. Recently Maharashtra Government's Revenue Department launched official website to Download your 7/12 from Online. is the official website of Mahabhulekh or Bhumi Abhilekh to Download your Satbara Utara with few simple easy steps.
 - It is used in any civil legal disputes.
 - It contains important information like loan, legal disputes etc..
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Archive:Cleaning Up Database
From Kodi
(Redirected from Cleaning Up Database)
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This page is only kept incase someone wants to try updating it.
After some months (or even years) of using XBMC it is very likely that the database is filled with entries that one cannot get rid of easily. Apart from cleaning up the database with XBMC's own menu entry ([Video|Music] - Library - clean library) there seems to be no way to reset some entries without losing valuable information about existing items.
Also there seems to be no way to move files in a comfortable way without making XBMC throw away the old entries and regard the moved files as new ones.
This is going to be a compilation of Tips & Tricks concerning editing the database directly to get rid of old, orphaned or erroneous entries. Additions are welcome! All entries should be generalized in a way that every user may follow the steps; i.e.: no absolute paths, no exact software to use, no self-edited scripts except there is a link to the script included. If a tip presumes a special environment like "Linux Live" or "XBOX" this must be remarked in the title.
1 Preliminary to all tips
 - Make a backup of your databases. Better: make a backup of your whole xbmc-directory.
 - If you don't really understand what to do: don't do it, ask first
 - if you can't reckon the actual effect of a tip: try it with a copy of the database. Using a copy you can do anything without risk.
 - It's advised to use a graphical sqlite-frontend. Editing the database using a commandline is for experienced users only, as queries and updates may fail silently.
 - It is presumed that you know about the structure of your installation of xbmc. Especially where to find which file or at least how to search for it.
2 Change or reset the scraper for a path or a complete directory hierarchy
Change or reset the scraper for a directory (hierarchy) without editing each path's properties within XBMC.
 1. Open database "MyVideos34.db"
 2. Open table "path"
 3. search for columns "strPath" and "strScraper"
The first column contains the path, the latter column contains the used scraper for this path.
Don't delete a complete row! If you do so, you will mangle your database as the table "files" links to the entries in the table "path"! If you want to savely delete a complete path from the database do it within XBMC.
Have a look at the column "strPath" and search for the path(s) you want to modify. Edit or delete the corresponding value in the column "strScraper". Deleting the value results in setting this path back to the value of the next upper level path (i.e. deleting value for myfiles/myvideos/ makes XBMC use the same value as for myfiles/). When editing the value you need to make sure that the new value represents a valid scraper for this mediatype. Either have a look at the other entries or search for the exact scraper's name in the accordingly directory. Follow the exact notation of the scraper's xml-file (no preceeding path!) and use this name (including '.xml') as the new value. Example: "imdb tv.xml"
This should work with the database "MyMusic7.db" too, but I didn't test it. Try at your own risk!
3 Change the scraper for various paths at once
You want to completely change to a new / alternate scraper but have lots of paths, every one with it's own scraper settings? Here we go:
 1. Open database "MyVideos34.db"
 2. Open table "path"
 3. check for the actual settings in column "strScraper"; this is your
 4. get to know the exact filename of the new scraper; this is your
Next step depends on the abilities of your sqlite frontend.
A: you can enter SQL commands directly
Open the SQL editor and make sure that you are working with the correct database. Formulate a query like this and only replace the values inside the brackets with your values, everything else is already correct (don't delete the single quotation marks):
UPDATE path SET strScraper = '' where strScraper = '';
This one replaces each occurrence of with . If you just want to modify a directory and all of its subtree, you have to extend the query with another restriction like this one (additional to the above, but delete it's semicolon):
AND strPath LIKE '%';
Bear in mind that the LIKE operator is case sensitiv. As a result you should either see a message telling you how many rows were affected (i.e. updated) or you can update your database browser and look at the corresponding rows.
B: you can enter a query using a form
If your sqlite-frontend offers some kind of a form-based, graphical editor, be sure to select the correct database and table. Either change the value for the field "strScraper" in every row seperately or formulate a query and a replacement string so that the values reflect the old and the new scraper's name.
4 UNTESTED: change the path for moved items
This is still untested. It should work but there is no guarantee. It would be fine if some of the XMBC developers could verify that there are no other dependencies within the database structure concerning the path of a file
You have a directory tree containing media items in several subdirectories. Now you want to move all items into one directory but of course don't want to lose all of the information XBMC already collected. If you'd just move the items and rerun the library update within XBMC, all previous settings would get lost and all the media would be recognized as new. To prevent XBMC from doing that try this one (it is assumed that you either dind't move the files already or at least didn't run XBMC's library update after moving the files):
 1. Open database "MyVideos34.db"
 2. Open table "path"
 3. Open table "files"
In table "path" search for the paths you want to get rid of. For each path note the value of the correpsonding entry in column "idPath". This is your .
In table "files" search for all entries which have as entry in column "idPath". Cross-check the results with the content of the actual directory. All entries really should reside in the path you want to delete. Double ckeck the results! Changing the wrong entries would lead to exact that point that you wanted to avoid: newly added items instead of moved ones. When everything looks fine, search for the entry representing the target path. The value of this entry's field "idPath" is your .
Now open an SQL editor and formulate a query like this one:
UPDATE files SET idPath = '' where idPath = '';
If everything was correct, XBMC should use your old files in the new path without rescraping them.
5 [VIEW] Recently seen
This tip doesn't clean up the database but might help in keeping an eye on the already seen items. Proceeding the steps below you may add a VIEW to your library that displays the already watched items sorted by date. This view doesn't show up in XBMC at all, except for some skinner implements a special page in his skin. But you can always read this virtual table with an appropriate application. There might be skins that already offer this functionality but I don't know any. And this little hack offers the ability to see the "playlist" from outside of XBMC too. Alternatively there is a ((linux-)shell-)script that simply queries the library without any modifications to it and puts the result into a textfile.
Some words on VIEWS in a database: A VIEW is a special kind of table which is more or less a kind of a saved database-query (in fact, it's not a table, it's a VIEW). Think of it as a shortcut to a long and complicated query. Once it's set up, instead of handling different tables, fields, comparisons or even JOINS or other fuzzy stuff you can just do a SELECT * FROM and you're done. This saves a lot of time! But not only you can shorten an often needed query, you also can just define an alternate listing for the stuff in a single table. And the best of all: once a view is set up, it doesn't change the database at all (OK, many database-eninges offer the ability to make a VIEW updatable, but sqlite doesn't). Last not least, you can use a VIEW in nearly every query you set on the database, you can combine the data with other VIEWS or select a subset of the VIEW based on standard criteria. After all, it is a quite powerful method for working with databases. I love VIEWS! :)
This view offers three simple datafields representing the path, the filename and the date of last playing of the item. The latter one might be emtpy as it is a quite new feature and old entries in the database might not have an appropriate timestamp set. But you can be sure that every item listed by the VIEW is already played (or seen or whatever you may call it), i.e. has a playcount of one or more.


text:
One of the most exciting improvements in Windows 8.1 Preview is opening the floodgates for device access. While Windows 8 supported certain device scenarios like print, sensors, and geolocation, access to arbitrary devices was limited to dedicated device apps. This changes dramatically in Windows 8.1 Preview. We support several new and innovative APIs like Point of Sale (POS), 3D printing, and scanning, and—through device protocol APIs–open up access to a huge landscape of other devices.
Device protocol APIs, new to Windows 8.1, allow a Windows Store app to talk to a device over industry standard protocols like USB, HID, Bluetooth, Bluetooth Smart, and Wi-Fi Direct. As a developer, all you need to do is simply identify the device (leveraging metadata) and then open a communication channel to the device. Opening a channel prompts for user consent. This is a critical step to help prevent apps from accidentally or maliciously communicating with one or more devices without the user's awareness. Once access is granted, the app can communicate with a device, including starting long data transfers, which can continue even if the user swipes to another app.
Enabling new scenarios
Access to devices via device protocol APIs enables multiple new scenarios in Windows 8.1 Preview:
- IHV Device Access: Hardware vendors can create apps to accompany their innovative devices (without the need for custom drivers).
- Ecosystem of Apps: Manufacturers can create a standard for communicating with their hardware device. This empowers an ecosystem of software developers to create novel apps that can all communicate with that device.
- Enthusiast Community: Home developers can create their own apps to communicate with non-standard devices. For example, a high school student could build an app for a science project so that hardware could be controlled from a Surface running Windows 8.1 Preview.
Resources for building apps that connect to devices
At Build, my colleague Deen and I gave a talk on how to develop apps that work with our ecosystem of Windows devices. The talk details how to author, test, and deploy great Windows Store apps that expose the unique functionality of devices.
There's a lot more on communicating between apps and specific devices and buses in the talks listed below:
- Using Geolocation and Geofencing in Windows Store pps [3-9034]
- 3D Printing with Windows [3-9027]
- Building Windows Apps That Use Scanners [3-025]
- How to Use Point-of-Sale Devices in Your App [3-029]
- Apps for Bluetooth, HID, and USB Devices (focusing on Bluetooth RFCOMM) [3-026]
- Apps for Bluetooth Smart Devices [3-9028]
- Apps for USB Devices [3-924a]
- Apps for HID Devices [2-924b]
Windows 8.1 Preview provides rich support for apps to communicate with devices. By integrating standard devices (e.g. printers, sensors) or even custom devices seamlessly into your apps, users can enjoy a fast and fluid way of interacting with their favorite devices.
–George Roussos, Senior Program Manager
Updated November 7, 2014 11:46 pm


Bertie McConnell
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Robert Dodd McConnell, known as Bertie McConnell (born 1921) is a former Army officer and politician in Northern Ireland.
McConnell was born in Bangor, County Down, and served in the British Army in World War II. During the war, he lost his sight.[1]
In 1958, McConnell was elected to Bangor Borough Council, serving until 1973. He was elected at the Northern Ireland general election, 1969, as an independent Unionist Member of Parliament for Bangor. Despite being an independent, he was a supporter of Ulster Unionist Party Prime Minister Terence O'Neill.[1]
McConnell joined the Alliance Party of Northern Ireland alongside Phelim O'Neill and Tom Gormley in early 1972. He was elected to North Down Borough Council in 1973, and to the Northern Ireland Assembly for North Down. He held this seat on the Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention in 1975, and served as the President of the Alliance Party in 1976.[1]
McConnell stood down from his council seat in 1981[2] and took no further role in active politics.
 1. ^ a b c Biographies of Members of the Northern Ireland House of Commons
 2. ^ The Local Government Elections _PHONE_: North Down
Parliament of Northern Ireland
Preceded by
New constituency
Member of Parliament for Bangor
1969 - 1972
Succeeded by
Position prorogued 1972
Parliament abolished 1973
Party political offices
Preceded by
Joseph Magowan
President of the Alliance Party of Northern Ireland
Succeeded by


text:
Zenphoto's object model framework Feb 22, 2010 / Updated: May 15, 2015
This is a short tutorial about how to use Zenphoto's object
model framework which allows you to extend the standard way of
theming, as described in the theming tutorial, and
cusomize your gallery any way you like.
Before reading this you should be familiar with Zenphoto themes in general and have read the theming tutorial. You should also have quite some PHP knowledge and an understanding about how object orientation works.
This is the general class structure:
- Gallery: The gallery itself
- PersistentObject: This is a very general and
powerful abstract database persistence class. It defines types by
table names and records by a set of unique fields (keys). To
instantiate a new database based object in Zenphoto, all that's
needed are the values of those unique fields.
PersistentObject provides caching,
lazy-evaluating, persistable object support.
- Zenphoto_Administrator: Represents a user
- Comment: Represents a comment
- Zenpage (optional Zenpage CMS plugin): Base class for items of the optional Zenpage CMS plugin
- ThemeObject: base class Zenphoto theme
- MediaObject: sub base class for Zenphoto Gallery items:
- Album: represents an static file system based album
- dynamicAlbum: represents a dynamic search based album (1.4.6)
- Image: represents an image within an album. The base Imageobject has been extended to handle other "image" types:
- Transientimage: creates a transient image (that is, one that is not stored in the database)
- Video (optional video class plugin): represents an extended image that is multimedia content like mp3,mp4,flv
- TextObject (optional text object class plugin): its object represents an image object that is a.txt file. This object is intended as an example on how to extend Zenphoto for other filetypes
- ZenpageRoot (optional Zenpage CMS plugin): Base class from which all Zenpage classes derive
- ZenpageCategory: represents a Zenpage news category
- ZenpageItems: sub base class for Zenpage items:
- ZenpageNews: represents a Zenpage news article
- ZenpagePages: represents a Zenpage page
- Zenphoto_Authority: functions used in password hashing for zenphoto
- SearchEngine: represents a search
- feed: base class for feeds
Zenphoto operates with several global object variables that for
example contain the object of the current image, album or if using
Zenpage the current new article or page if in the related theme
On this little roundup we will concentrate on examples of the three most important globals: $_zp_gallery for the Gallery class object, $_zp_current_album for the Album class object and of course $_zp_current_image for the Image object classes. As you see the globals are named quite understandable.
These global objects are automatically set up depending on the context.
- $_zp_gallery is always setup on all theme pages as it represents the gallery in total.
- $_zp_current_album is setup in album context as within the next_album() loop or on a theme's album.php.
- $_zp_current_image is setup in image context as within the next_image() loop on a theme's album.php or on the single image display on image.php.
For example to get the title of the current album selected you can use $_zp_current_album->getTitle(). This is actually the same as the template function getAlbumTitle().
All template functions of course use these global objects and you can actually do everything with the class methodes directly. Many times the template functions provide added value such as outputing full HTML sets for your convenience (like the tag cloud HTML list, the page navigation and similar things).
Read more: A more complete list of Zenphoto's global variables
If you want to venture past the standard current context objects you can instantiate your own. That is pretty standard object orientation. Here the steps to create an image and album object with Zenphoto's framework:
- New gallery object:
$galleryobject = new Gallery();
- New album object:
$albumobject = newAlbum("");
NOTE 1: The "folder name" means the name of the real folder on the filesystem within the root "albums" folder of your installation. If you want to create an object of a subalbum the name must include the parent album name(s) like "toplalbumfoldername/subalbum1folder/subalbum2folder" (etc);
NOTE 2: This is not a typo as you should NOT use the constructor new Album() (note the space) for creating a new album object but always the special function newAlbum()! It is this function that determines the appropriate "album" class to instantiate based on the filename suffix.
- New image object:
$imageobject = newImage($albumobject,"");
NOTE: This is not a typo as you should NOT use the constructor new Image() (note the space) for creating a new image object but always the special function newImage()! It is this function that determines the appropriate "image" class to instantiate based on the filename suffix.
It works similar for Zenpage items as well:
- New news article object: $newsobj = new ZenpageNews("");
- New page object: $pageobj = new ZenpagePage("");
- New news category object: $catobj = new ZenpageCategory(""); (Zenphoto 1.3.2)
You can now use all methodes of the classes with their object.
One speciality: For all objects that contain objects of child
classes of the main PeristentObject class you can use
$object->get("); to get the value of any database field
entry for this item. This is, however, discouraged since it does
bypass any method algorithm that the object applies to the
Read more: Available class methods
As you now know $_zp_current_album->getTitle() gets
the title of the current image. That title is of course stored in
the "images" table of the database.
Now the object model alsp provides functionality to change this value. So for the current image object you could change the image's title like this:
Just doing this the change will be temporarily. If you really want a persistent change of the database entry you also have to save it:
You can delete an object using this:
NOTE: Removing an object will also remove any items associated with it. For instance deleting an album will delete all its images, subalbums, and their images. This includes the actual files on disk!
This text by _URL_ is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.


Elasticsearch Verification Overview
Updated 1 day ago by Michael Cretzman
This topic describes how to set up Harness Continuous Verification features, and monitor your deployments and production applications using Harness' unsupervised machine-learning functionality, on the Elastic Stack.
Harness supports Elastic versions 5.0 to 7.x.
In this topic:
Visual Summary
Harness Continuous Verification integrates with ELK to verify your deployments and live production applications using the following Harness features:
 - 24/7 Service Guard - Monitors your live, production applications.
 - Deployment Verification - Monitors your application deployments, and performs automatic rollback according to your criteria.
This topic describes how to set up these Harness Continuous Verification features, and how to monitor your deployments and production applications using its unsupervised machine-learning functionality.
Exceptions with Elasticsearch via Kibana
Harness Analysis of Elasticsearch Verification
Integration Process Summary
You set up ELK and Harness in the following way:
 1. ELK - Monitor your application using ELK. In this article, we assume that you are using ELK to monitor your application already.
 2. Verification Provider Setup - In Harness, you connect Harness to your ELK account, adding ELK as a Harness Verification Provider.
 3. Harness Application - Create a Harness Application with a Service and an Environment. We do not cover Application setup in this sequence. See Application Components.
 4. 24/7 Service Guard SetupIn the Environment, set up 24/7 Service Guard to monitor your live, production application.
 5. Verify Deployments:
 1. Add a Workflow to your Harness Application and deploy your microservice or application to the service infrastructure/Infrastructure Definition in your Environment.
 2. After you have run a successful deployment, you then add verification steps to the Workflow using your Verification Provider.
 3. Harness uses unsupervised machine-learning and Elasticsearch analytics to analyze your future deployments, discovering events that might be causing your deployments to fail. Then you can use this information to set rollback criteria and improve your deployments.
Next Steps
How did we do?


text:
QuerySurge Technical Whitepaper No. 9
In rare instances, you may find the need to write SQL joins against two or more XML documents. An ETL process, for example, might use multiple XML source files to load a target database table. The setup in QuerySurge, however, can get a bit complicated as this will require multiple table definitions in a single schema file.
The QuerySurge Schema File
Your QuerySurge schema file is an XML document with a root tag of and (ordinarily) a single child tag of . In situations that necessitate a SQL join, we must add one or more additional tags to the schema file. Each tag, of course, represents a separate XML file that QuerySurge will validate, and therefore must have unique name, file, and path attributes.
In this example, we are using two XML files – customer-data.xml and order-data.xml. We are using a single schema file – customers-orders-schema.xml – to define the data files. The full schema file can be seen in the screenshot below:
In this example, the name attribute represents the table name you will use in your SQL statements; the file attribute is the file name of the XML data file; and the path attribute is the parent path to each record tag (i.e., each tag in the XML data file that QuerySurge will view as a row in the table).
The XML Data Files
Your XML data files, which QuerySurge will convert to database table, must match the path structure defined in the aforementioned schema file. The data types must also match what was specified in the schema file. Below are the customers and orders XML files that we will be using in this example:
The customer-data.xml data file:
The order-data.xml data file:
Joining the XML Files
Two different JOIN syntaxes are supported by the XML driver packaged with QuerySurge. You can include your JOIN statement in the WHERE clause, like so:
SELECT * FROM customers AS c, orders AS o
WHERE c.customer_id = o.customer_id
Alternatively, you can write your JOIN like this:
SELECT * FROM customers AS c JOIN orders AS o ON c.customer_id = o.customer_id
Below you can see the query editor and query results screenshots:


text:
The Activity Analysis Dashboard provides you with insight and visibility into the activities that are being logged within Matrix. This will provide Managers with easy-to-read analytics regarding what their team is up to, and allow a salesperson a simple interface to view a breakdown of their activities.
You access the Activity Analysis Dashboard via Reports – Dashboards tab. This dashboard offers a quick view of the top Account Executives with the most Activities, the # of Activities by Day, and the detailed listing of this information.
Time-frame - defaults to the current month, but can be easily modified:
- Grouping - how to group the data in the dashboard
- Show By: Individual Salesperson, or Salesperson Group.
- Activity: Group by the Activity Group Name (Parent) or by the Activity Subtype Name (Child).
- Top 5 Most Active - The graph will list the top 5 Account Executives (or Account Executive Groups) with the most activities within the select time-frame.
- Activities by Day - The stacked bar graph that illustrates the # of activities on a given day of the week. This will quickly illustrate what day Account Executives are most active.
- List Details - The list will show the Activity Type selected above, as Columns.
Export Raw Data - This will send the above report details to a CSV file (as shown below). The export also includes additional data points by providing both the Advertiser and Agency associated with the activities.


Main Content
Detect and Fix Task Overruns on Arduino Hardware
You can configure a Simulink® model running on the target hardware to detect and notify you when a task overrun occurs. A task overrun occurs if the target hardware is still performing one instance of a task when the next instance of that task is scheduled to begin. You can fix overruns by decreasing the frequency with which tasks are scheduled to run, and/or by reducing the number of tasks defined by your model.
To enable overrun detection:
 1. Click the Tools menu in the model, and select Run on Target Hardware > Options.
 2. In the Hardware Implementation pane that opens, select the Overrun detection > Enable overrun detection check box.
 3. Use the Digital output to set on overrun parameter to specify the pin number of a digital output.
 4. Click OK.
To create a visual overrun indicator for your board, connect an appropriate resistor in series with an LED between the GND and the hardware pin specified by the Digital output to set on overrun parameter. Orient the LED so the longer leg (positive) is connected to the digital output pin.
When a task overrun occurs:
 - The state of the digital output pin specified by the Digital output to set on overrun parameter changes from low (0 Volts) to high (5 Volts).
 - The model continues running, but the effective sample time will be longer than specified.
To fix an overrun condition, reduce the processing burden of the model by applying one or more of the following solutions:
 - Increase the sample times for the model. For example, increase the values of the Sample time parameters in all of your data source blocks.
 - Simplify the model.
If you are using External mode, and the preceding solutions do not fix the task overrun condition, consider disabling External mode. External mode adds a lightweight server to the model running on the target hardware. This server increases the processing burden upon the target hardware, which can contribute to a task overrun condition.


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Saint Paul Public Library Collections on Minnesota Reflections
Digitzed images of maps and documents about the history of Saint Paul and the Saint Paul Public Library.
Aerial Photographic Atlas
Aerial photographs of Saint Paul taken between 1925 and 1927 and a corresponding atlas of streets and other features of the city.
Atlas of Saint Paul, 1891 - 1896
Highly detailed plat book of Saint Paul. Published in 1891 and revised with pencil marks and cut-outs through 1896. The atlas is divided into 4 volumes, detailing different parts of the City and the surrounding area.
Central Library Construction
Photographs of the construction of the Central Library and James J. Hill Library, _PHONE_. Besides the library, photographs are rich in other details of the late 1910's.
"The Library Beacon" was published under the direction of Webster Wheelock, Library Director, "to give the people of St. Paul information about their Library -- what it is doing, what it hopes to do, and the many ways it serves individuals, different interests, groups and different activities." Published _PHONE_.
Saint Paul Housing Project: A Plan for Slum Clearance and Low Cost Housing (1935)
Details a proposal for slum clearance and the creation of low cost rental housing at the future site of the Mt. Airy Homes development. Introductory text describe the nature of the project, site selection and district selection, current real estate balance at the time, the development itself, outside housing influences, costs, and personnel. Printed maps provide detail on census enumeration districts, relief cases, tuberculosis cases, delinquency rates, land values, comparative incomes, and comparative rent.
Maps of Saint Paul, Ramsey County and Minnesota
See the list detailing each map, its size, year of publication, and location in the library's map cabinet:
Biography Clippings File
Over 150,000 newspaper clippings from Northwest Publications Inc., former publishers of the Saint Paul Pioneer Press and Dispatch, covering the years 1910 to 1945.
Newspapers on Microfilm
Minnesota newspapers available on microfilm at the Central Library.Near complete runs of all Saint Paul newspapers are available.
Visit the Saint Paul Collection
The Saint Paul Collection room at the Central Library is open to the public by appointment during the hours of 10:30 a.m. - 4:30 p.m., Tuesday through Saturday.
Customers are asked to call or email for an appointment 48 hours in advance. Appointments can be made for up to one hour.
To schedule an appointment please call _PHONE_ x5, or email _EMAIL_.
During other hours, staff can retrieve items from the collection for use in the Nicholson Information Commons.
The collection includes:
- City documents, including the charter, code, laws, and ordinances
- City Council proceedings
- City budget materials and annual reports
- Reports from the Schools and Libraries
- Police and Fire Department reports and histories
- Visitor's Guides to Saint Paul and the region
- Biographies of famous St. Paul residents
- Winter Carnival scrapbooks
- High School Yearbooks
- Other materials related to Saint Paul history

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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The design of the LEDs lighting in general household illumination was proposed and compared with the fluorescent lighting in this study. Using the LED as a light source would promote energy saving lighting for household illumination purposes. We used the LightTools and DIALux software to design and simulate different standards of illuminance, different correlated color temperatures and different color rendering indices for household environments. The power consumption and efficiency of traditional illuminated light sources and an LED light source with the same standard of illuminance for lighting the household environment were analyzed and compared with each other. Finally, our results show the advantages of using white-light LEDs for lighting and household illumination.
© 2013 Optical Society of KoreaPDF Article


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"From the age of 18, when I began to experiment with light, I have been searching for harmony in lighting"
Poul Henningsen was born in 1894 in Ordrup, Denmark and became Denmark's first expert in lighting theory. Even though Poul Henningsen's is mostly known from his lamps his talent was very diversified. He was trained at the Technical School and the Danish College of Technology, Copenhagen. Ever since 1920 Poul Henningsen worked as an independent architect in Copenhagen where he designed several houses, a factory, a part of Tivoli, and the interiors of two theaters. Beside working as an architect Poul Henningsen wrote articles for several newspapers and periodicals, he scripted a number of revues for Copenhagen theaters, he wrote poems, and was the editor of the magazine "Kritisk Revy" (Critical Revue). From his writings Poul Henningsen was known as a seriously and sharp critical of society and architecture.
As a Copenhagener Poul Henningsen often
drove through the city and was shock by what he saw:
"It has always been the idea that the PH-lamp should be the lamp for the home. Due to its qualities and its modern appearance it had to be accepted first in offices and public buildings, but it is constructed with the most difficult and noble task in mind: lighting in the home. The aim is to beautify the home and the who live there, to make the evening restful and relaxing."
In 1924 Poul Henningsen designed his multi-shade lamp. It was the first of what later became known as the "PH-lamp". The design was based on scientific analysis of a lamp shade's function. The size, shape, and position of the lamp shades determine the distribution of the light and the amount of glare. In 1924 this lamp won a competition for light fitting for the Paris World Exhibition, and is known as the "Paris lamp". Poul Henningsen maintained the principle of the Paris lamp throughout his lifetime.
"The task to find a new lighting feature, where the emphasis is on the problem of glare. This is what is attempted with the PH-lamp, and much to indicate that it has been successful."
Poul Henningsen's lamp shades are made of separate elements, shaped and assembled in such a way that they cover the bulb and direct the light down upon the table without the rays being reflected more than once. Beside this they give a general light in the room, so that the contrast between the illumination of the walls and table is not to sharp. Within the lamp shade itself the light is distributed so as to lessen the intensity towards the outer edge of each separate element. In this way Henningsen has avoided the abrupt transition from light to darkness which we find, for example, with an ordinary spherical pendant shade in opal glass. To bring the rather harsh white light towards the red end of the spectrum, Henningsen has given the inner side of one element of the shade a red color.
Poul Henningsen did not grew up with the electric light but in the soft glow of the petroleum lamp. His constant inspiration and aim was to cultivate the electric light to achieve a similar softness but yet utilize this new powerful light source.
"I do not subscribe to the idea of an ever-increasing demand for more powerful lighting intensity. It is tempting, but inartistic to continue to increase lighting intensity."
From Consulate General of Denmark in New York Copyright 1997, Consulate General of Denmark. All rights reserved.


Address: Hope Gardens, Kingston 6
Telephone: _PHONE_
Fax: _PHONE_; _PHONE_
Web Site:
The mission of the Rural Agricultural Development Authority (RADA) is to promote agricultural production as the main engine of growth in Rural Communities; provide or ensure the provision of technical marketing, financial and infrastructural facilities and provide the social services required for the improvement of the quality of life of farm families.
 1. To provide a technical extension advisory service primarily to farmers in rural Jamaica in an effort to increase production and productivity.
 2. To train and develop extension personnel at all levels through in service training programmes, geared towards improving their efficiency.
 3. To administer farmer training programmes, thereby rendering farmers more knowledgeable and capable.
 4. To catalyze agricultural credit and inputs for small farmers.
 5. To assist small farmers and intermediaries in organizing co-operative marketing ventures and to disseminate timely marketing information to farmers.
 6. To co-operate with agencies involved in the development of rural infra-structure with a view to improving the quality of life in rural communities.
 7. To develop and operate rural agricultural service centers at strategic locations, thereby bringing service closer to farmers.
 8. To be the implementing agency for selected projects that impact on the farming biological environment (e.g. water-shed development projects, hillside agriculture etc.)
 9. To liaise with the agricultural research organizations with a view to providing the technology delivery link to rural farmers.
 10. To provide a channel for the free flow of inputs from farmers upwards, and for the implementation of policy decisions taken by the policy makers.
Parish Agricultural Manager
Over 100,000 already registered.
Rural Agricultural Development Authority (RADA)
Government of Jamaica


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Definition of Economic geology
1. Noun. The branch of geology that deals with economically valuable geological materials.
Economic Geology Pictures
Click the following link to bring up a new window with an automated collection of images related to the term: Economic Geology Images
Lexicographical Neighbors of Economic Geology
Literary usage of Economic geology
Below you will find example usage of this term as found in modern and/or classical literature:
1. The Economic Aspect of Geology by Charles Kenneth Leith (1921)
"But economic geology is not solely confined to mineral resources.... In professional preparation for the practice of economic geology there is no easy..."
2. Field Geology by Frederic Henry Lahee (1917)
"economic geology.—Geologic facts that have a practical bearing are reserved for the chapter on economic geology. In this place should be mentioned the pits,..."
3. Mineral Deposits by Waldemar Lindgren (1913)
"Only a part of the whole field of economic geology will be covered in these... Throughout its broad domain economic geology stands on the fundamental..."
4. The Journal of Geology by University of Chicago Department of Geology and Paleontology (1906)
"economic geology of the Bingham Mining District, Utah. By JOHN MASON BOUTWELL. With a Section on Areal Geology by ARTHUR KEITH, and an Introduction on..."
5. Index of Economic Material in the Documents of the States of the United by Adelaide Rosalia Hasse, Carnegie Institution of Washington. Dept. of Economics and Sociology (1912)
"Waverly series ; economic geology ; coal. Iron, bldg. stone, mineral paint ; local geology. Meigs County 1872. Geology of Meigs Co.; by EB Andrews...."
6. Science by American Association for the Advancement of Science (1903)
"Spencer, Dr. Arthur C., geologist, will investigate areal and economic geology of Juneau mining district. Later will make reconnaisance of economic..."
7. Bulletin by Ghana Geological Survey (1898)
"MINERAL DEPOSITS X. economic geology (a) Gold.—Although the area lies across the north-eastern extension of the..."


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The Misunderstood Consequences of Shelley v. Kraemer
University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) - Department of Sociology
Richard H. Sander
University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) - School of Law
July 16, 2010
UCLA School of Law Research Paper No. 10-27
5th Annual Conference on Empirical Legal Studies Paper
Shelley v. Kraemer (1948) is one of the most celebrated decisions in the history of the United States Supreme Court. Nevertheless, some have argued that it was largely superfluous, because blacks lacked the capacity to enforce their rights and white neighborhoods and institutions had other methods available to stop black entry. Oddly enough, despite continuing strong scholarly interest in restrictive covenants, there has been very little empirical analysis of how Shelley changed housing opportunities of African Americans. In this paper, we attempt such an evaluation, and we find strong support for the proposition that Shelley had a dramatic impact upon the housing opportunities available to blacks. Just as important, we find that this shift in opportunities changed the dynamics of black ghettos in ways that have important implications for basic debates about urban policy and the black underclass.
Number of Pages in PDF File: 47
Keywords: restrictive covenants, Shelley v. Kraemer, black underclass, urban policyworking papers series
Date posted: July 17, 2010 ; Last revised: October 24, 2010
© 2013 Social Science Electronic Publishing, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
This page was processed by apollo2 in 0.468 seconds


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The timing and synchrony of male and female flowering in wheat is a crucial determinant of seed set and may be an important factor affecting gene flow and resilience to climate change. Lukac et al. assess the anther and stigma activity of each floret on developing ears of wheat, Triticum aestivum, and find that synchrony between pollen dehiscence and stigma collapse within a flower is dependent on its relative position in a spike and within a floret. Modelling the observations indicates that the temporal and spatial variability of anther activity within and between spikes may influence the relative resilience of wheat to sudden, extreme climatic events.
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Table of Contents
Where am I?
Good question! You are on planet Earth. Just kidding! You are browsing an online source created for the sole purpose of serving you. Here you will find interesting but also useful information about the latest trends in the world of the sensory deprivation, alternative medicine, and healthy lifestyle.
It is a work in progress so don't forget to often check our blog or to subscribe to our newsletter in order to receive the latest posts directly to your inbox.
What is Sensory Deprivation?
It is a trendy form of deep physical and mental relaxation. It involves effortlessly floating in a sensory deprivation tank, which is full of Epsom Salt that creates a sort of gravity-free environment. The goal is to deprive yourself of any external stimuli such as smell, noise, sight, and hearing.
In that way, the mind completely switches off, thus achieving an unparalleled state of relaxation. Read more in the beginner's guide to sensory deprivation.
What is Floatation Therapy and is it the same thing as sensory deprivation?
The most common method to experience sensory deprivation is the floatation therapy. This involves laying in a floatation tank loaded with Epsom Salt in order to achieve maximum buoyancy. However, both terms are different.
Sensory deprivation can be experienced by means, different from the floatation therapy. For instance, you can be locked in a dark isolated cell that will deprive you of any external stimuli. Sometimes this is a method used by government forces to break convicted criminals and make them talk.
What is a sensory deprivation tank?
It is a tank full of water heated at skin temperature saturated with Epsom Salt. It creates a lightless and completely quiet environment in which individuals float. Often, it is also called an isolation tank, a floatation tank or an isolation capsule. The size can differ from one manufacturer to another but usually, a tank is approximately 8 feet long, 5 feet wide, and 5 feet tall.
How much does a sensory deprivation tank cost?
The prices vary depending on the different models. The cheapest one on the market is the home float tank, courtesy of ZenFloatCo. It starts at $1940. The i-sopods designed for commercial use can reach a price of $30 000 and more. Check out this article for more information.
What is the floatation experience like?
Honestly, it is personal for everybody. To put it in a framework, you feel decomposed and completely relaxed in the tank. Imagine having a time only for yourself. There is no one and nothing else around you.
There is no noise, no smell, no light, and no sight. By practicing regularly, you will start reaching a blissful meditative state. You will also feel how the tension in your muscles go away.
What is Epsom Salt?
The Epsom Salt is a natural compound of magnesium sulfate. It is named after the English city it was first discovered. The salt is indispensable for achieving buoyancy in the water in the float tank. Learn more about the Epsom Salt and its benefits.
Where can I float?
The most common method as for now is to visit a float spa center. The best way to find one is to type in Google 'float centers near me' or to visit this portal.
Is it possible to float at home?
Absolutely! The good news is that it is more affordable and accessible than ever before. Home float tanks are seizing the market and become the preferred solution for thousands of floaters around the world. Who wouldn't want to experience sensory deprivation from the comfort of his home without being obliged to search for a float center, book a session in advance, and drive many miles to arrive there?
Not to mention that if one has a regular float practice, a home floatation tank would save tons of money. Read more about the two most celebrated home tanks – the zen float tent and its upgraded version the zen float tank.
Are there any scientific proofs in favor of the widely spread benefits of the floatation therapy?
Yes, there are many. Clinical research and various scientifically conducted studies show that the floatation therapy has proven beneficial effects on many physical and mental conditions such as stress, anxiety, fibromyalgia, chronic pain, high blood pressure, cardiovascular diseases, etc.
What is the history of the floatation therapy?
The 'father' of the sensory deprivation tank is the famous neuroscientist John C. Lilly who created the first version in 1954 in America. His purpose was to study how the brain reacts in a sensory deprived environment.
The commercial use of the floatation tanks started a bit later in 1973 when the company 'Samadhi' was established.
What should I do in order to take the most out of my floatation experience?
The answer lies in what you shouldn't do in the floatation tank. Read more about the 5 things not to do while floating and achieve an ultimately relaxing float session.
How much does it cost for a float session?
Typically, the price is in the range of $40 – $80.
How long is a typical floatation session?
At spa centers, you pay for 60 – 90 mins. If you float at home, you can do it as long as you wish until that makes you feel good.
How often should I float?
There is no straight answer to that question. It all depends on how you feel it. However, if you want to achieve maximum results in terms of relaxation and mind comfort, it is preferable to float as often as 2 – 3 times per week at least.
What should I expect from my first float?
Your first float will probably feel strange and awkward. This is completely normal and it happens to many beginners. In the first minutes while in the tank, you will feel edgy. You will almost physically sense the many thoughts racing through your head.
You will think mostly about being in that bizarre thing resembling a futuristic sleep capsule called floatation tank. But after a while, you will begin feeling more at ease. You will feel that your mind is calmer and your entire body is in such a relaxed state that you have never experienced before. You will be self-aware while effortlessly floating in nothingness. The right term is mindfulness.
What is the water temperature in the tank?
The water is heated to body temperature meaning that it is 93.5 degrees Fahrenheit or 36 – 37 degrees Celsius. The goal is only to float in the water and to feel nothing.
How does the floatation tanks work exactly?
The technology behind the sensory deprivation tanks is innovative and well thought out. They have a heating and filtration system incorporated in them and they are filled with 10 inches of water. They are also perfectly insulated. Read more about how these intelligently build devices work here.
Is it hygienic to float in a tank in which many people float?
Yes. Thanks to the advanced filtration system that the tanks have the water is constantly kept exceptionally clean.
Are there any side effects of sensory deprivation?
If you stay locked in the tank for days you may start having hallucinations and panic attacks. You may also experience high anxiety and depression. But this happens only following unusually prolonged float sessions. When practicing floatation therapy for 1-2 hours, several times per week the effects would be no different from beneficial to your wellbeing.
What does it take to build a sensory deprivation tank?
While many enthusiasts claim that this is a very cheap alternative to buying a home floatation tank, it requires a certain set of skills, hard work, and time. You have to carefully consider a lot of things such as size, weight, safety, filtration, heating, etc. Moreover, the expenses wouldn't be much lower compared to those coming from purchasing a cheap and quality-certified home floatation tank such as the zen float tent, for instance.
Is sensory deprivation safe?
It is completely safe. In its most popular form – the floatation therapy, it is a highly relaxing and therapeutic experience.
What are the others saying about their sensory deprivation experience?
Honestly, everyone loves it! We haven't heard of anyone who tried it and didn't like it. Watch some truly fascinating sensory deprivation tank experiences here.
Can I float if I am pregnant?
Yes. It is totally safe for you and the baby.
Can I float if I am claustrophobic?
Yes, you can still float and forget all fears. You can go out of the tank at any time. You are not locked and you are not restricted.
Can I meditate in the tank?
This is the best thing to do in a sensory deprivation tank. In fact, there is no better environment more conducive to meditation than a float tank. This is one of the main purposes of the floatation therapy.
What happens to the brain during sensory deprivation?
When you enter in this relaxed, meditative state, your brain produces theta waves. This brain frequency is beneficial not only for our mental state but also for our physical wellness. The theta waves unlock creativity, self-awareness, and concentration. Read more about the powerful mind benefits of the sensory deprivation.
What is holistic medicine?
It is a philosophy that strongly relies on the belief that a person's health depends on the emotional and mental balance that he has in his life. The origin of all illnesses is the distorted energy balance in the body. The acupuncture and the EFT tapping are popular forms of holistic medicine.
I am a gorgeous woman and I am menstruating. Can I still use the floatation tank?
You sure can! If you can be in the pool or in the sea during your period, you can be in the float tank as well. There is no difference.
I don't have any physical or mental issues. Can I still float?
It is a common misconception that one has to suffer from something in order to justify float sessions. This can


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The Station's main "laboratory" is the reef and that is where most of the work takes place. Two laboratory buildings with relevant equipment complement this unique resource.
Raymond E. Purves Laboratory
This building has been supported by the Raymond E. Purves Foundation since its construction in 1991. It was extended and refurbished most recently in 2007. It now comprises four air-conditioned rooms, a large ambient room with running seawater and wet benches, and a large covered breezeway.
Researchers who need to do messy work such as dissecting fish, sorting through rubble, chemically preserving specimens, or assembling bulky items of field gear are generally allocated space in the Purves Lab. The large ambient room and the breezeway are ideal for these purposes and this is the only area on the station where fixative chemicals are allowed. Three of the air-conditioned rooms provide general lab and office space nearby for these researchers. The fourth airconditioned room can be made completely dark and has a vibration-free bench. This is useful for optical work and other special purposes.
Thyne Reid Wing
Originally built in the early 1980s as an office, library and laboratory, this building was totally refurbished as laboratories in 2007 thanks to support from the Thyne Reid Foundation. It is fully air-conditioned and now comprises three laboratories, a microscope room and a store room for lab equipment.
Researchers whose main focus is the field and the aquarium are generally allocated space in these labs, where fixative chemicals are not allowed.
With a small staff in a relatively remote location, LIRS does not provide a wide range of analytical equipment. Its focus is providing equipment that is relevant for observing, experimentally manipulating and recording data from living organisms and for processing samples to a stage suitable for transport to laboratories with more sophisticated facilities.
Both the Thyne Reid Foundation and the Raymond E. Purves Foundation have contributed substantial funds to provide equipment for the laboratories.
Main items of laboratory equipment are:
- Olympus dissecting microscope with high resolution digital camera and monitor
- Leitz Dialux 22 compound microscope with normal and fluorescence light sources
- Numerous other dissecting microscopes
- Cold fibre-optic light sources for microscopy
- Laboratory oven
- Laboratory incubator
- Electronic balances (to 0.1 g and to 0.0001 g)
- 20 litre dewar for liquid nitrogen that can be filled in Cairns by prior arrangement
- Water bath
- Fume cabinet
- Hot plate/ stirrers
- Distilled water maker
- Domestic refrigerators (5 degrees C) and freezers (minus 20 degrees C)
- Ice-making machine
- Electrical transformers from 240 V to 110V
Equipment may be in use by others, off the island for service, or otherwise unavailable. For this reason, researchers must flag the need for particular items of equipment when booking their trips.
Dr Anne Hoggett, Director, Lizard Island Research Station


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|Alternative names||Dorkunu, komi|
|Place of origin||West Africa|
|Main ingredients||Ground corn|
Kenkey or Dorkunu or Komi is a staple dish similar to a sourdough dumpling from the Akan, Ga and Ewe inhabited regions of West Africa, usually served with a soup, stew, or sauce. Areas where kenkey is eaten are southern Ghana, eastern Côte d'Ivoire, Togo, western Benin, Guyana (where it is known as "konkee"), and Jamaica. It is usually made from ground corn (maize), like sadza and ugali. It is also known in Jamaica as dokunoo, dokono, dokunu, (the Asante refer to the same dish as 'Dɔkono' pronounced as 'Dorkono'), blue drawers, and tie-a-leaf. In the cuisine of the Caribbean, it is made with cornmeal, plantain, green banana, sweet potato(Asante and Jamaican version, which came from the Asanti version) or cassava, wrapped in banana leaves. The food is derived from African cooking traditions. Unlike ugali, making kenkey involves letting the maize ferment before cooking. Therefore, preparation takes a few days in order to let the dough ferment. After fermentation, the kenkey is partially cooked, wrapped in banana leaves, corn husks, or foil, and steamed. There are several versions of kenkey, such as Ga and Fante kenkey.
- 6-8 cups of corn (maize) flour or cornmeal (ground corn or ground maize); (White cornmeal is preferred, it should be finely ground, like flour. Latin American style corn flour, as is used in tortillas, tamales, pupusas, etc. is the right kind)
- Banana leaves, or maize or corn husks, or aluminum foil to wrap dough in (the leaves or husks may be available at African, Asian, or Latino groceries)
Fermented cornmeal dough
In a large container combine the corn flour (or corn flour and grated cassava) with just enough warm water to dampen all of it. Mix well. Cover the container with a clean cloth. Set it in a warm place, such as a warmed oven or on top of the refrigerator, for two to three days. Fermentation may take longer than two days, especially in cool climates. (Note: a warmed oven is an oven that has been heated for a few minutes then turned off. The flour should ferment, not cook.) When it is properly fermented, it should have a slightly sour, but not unpleasant, aroma, like rising bread dough. Overly fermented corn flour will not taste right.
Prepare the corn flour as described above, and let it ferment for about six hours. Then mix one tablespoon of vinegar into the wet corn flour.
Soak the dry corn in water. After three days drain and wash the corn in fresh water. Grind it and add some water to make it into a dough with a smooth surface. Keep it in a warm place to ferment for two to three days before using it to prepare the kenkey. Before using it for the preparation the moldy surface on top should be removed and discarded.
- Knead the fermented dough with your hands until it is thoroughly mixed.
- In a large pot, bring one cup of water to a boil. Slowly add one part of the fermented dough. Cook for about ten minutes, stirring constantly and vigorously. Remove from heat. This half of the dough is called the "aflata".
- Combine the "aflata" with the remaining uncooked dough. Mix well. The proportion of raw dough to aflata determines the softness of the kenkey after cooking.
- Divide the "aflata"and raw dough mixture into serving-sized pieces. Wrap the pieces tightly in banana leaf, maize or corn husks, or foil. Banana leaves are more flexible if they have been briefly warmed in a hot oven or a pot of boiling water. The wrapped dough should look like burritos or tamales. Cooking string can be used to tie the wrapping closed.
- Place the wrapped dough packets on a wire rack above water in a large pot. Bring to a boil and steam for one to three hours, depending on their size and thickness. Serve room-temperature.
- Ga Kenkey is usually served hot with a red pepper sauce made of grounded chili pepper, onions and tomatoes; and a black pepper sauce locally called shito.
- Fante Kenkey is usually served warm with tomato gravy or palaver sauce. It may also go with any fish, poultry, or meat dish from Western Africa. In Ghana, guests are often served Fante Kenkey with red pepper sauce and canned sardines or fried fish, especially if they have arrived unannounced or after the family's evening meals.
The water used in boiling the kenkey is used as a drink when a maize or corn husks is used as the wrapper for cooking the kenkey. This water is called otinshi nu.
Note: Ready-to-use fermented cornmeal dough made especially for banku and kenkey may be available at African grocery stores and should be prepared according to package instructions.
- Jamaican Cooking: 140 Roadside and Homestyle Recipes.
- "Regional Dishes". touringghana. Retrieved 9 August 2013.
- "KENKEY". Ghanaweb. Retrieved 9 August 2013.
- Phil Bartle. "Kwasi Bruni; Corn and the Europeans". VCN.org.
- "West Africa Recipe - Cooking Kenkey". West Africa Secondary School, Accra Ghana. PBS Kids.
- "Questions and Answers > Food products > What is kenkey and how is it made?". Food-info.net. Wageningen University, The Netherlands.
- Fran Osseo-Asare (March 28, 2007). "Ghana-style Kenkey". Betumi.com.


How many shards should I have in my Elasticsearch cluster
Original link
Elasticsearch is a very versatile platform, that supports a variety of use cases, and provides great flexibility around data organisation and replication strategies. This flexibility can however sometimes make it hard to determine up-front how to best organize your data into indices and shards, especially if you are new to the Elastic Stack. While suboptimal choices will not necessarily cause problems when first starting out, they have the potential to cause performance problems as data volumes grow over time. The more data the cluster holds, the more difficult it also becomes to correct the problem, as reindexing of large amounts of data can sometimes be required.
When we come across users that are experiencing performance problems, it is not uncommon that this can be traced back to issues around how data is indexed and number of shards in the cluster. This is especially true for use-cases involving multi-tenancy and/or use of time-based indices. When discussing this with users, either in person at events or meetings or via our forum, some of the most common questions are "How many shards should I have?" and "How large should my shards be?".
This blog post aims to help you answer these questions and provide practical guidelines for use cases that involve the use of time-based indices, e.g. logging or security analytics, in a single place.
What is a shard?
Before we start, we need to establish some facts and terminology that we will need in later sections.
Data in Elasticsearch is organized into indices. Each index is made up of one or more shards. Each shard is an instance of a Lucene index, which you can think of as a self-contained search engine that indexes and handles queries for a subset of the data in an Elasticsearch cluster.
As data is written to a shard, it is periodically published into new immutable Lucene segments on disk, and it is at this time it becomes available for querying. This is referred to as a refresh. How this works is described in greater detail in Elasticsearch: the Definitive Guide.
As the number of segments grow, these are periodically consolidated into larger segments. This process is referred to as merging. As all segments are immutable, this means that the disk space used will typically fluctuate during indexing, as new, merged segments need to be created before the ones they replace can be deleted. Merging can be quite resource intensive, especially with respect to disk I/O.
The shard is the unit at which Elasticsearch distributes data around the cluster. The speed at which Elasticsearch can move shards around when rebalancing data, e.g. following a failure, will depend on the size and number of shards as well as network and disk performance.
TIP: Avoid having very large shards as this can negatively affect the cluster's ability to recover from failure. There is no fixed limit on how large shards can be, but a shard size of 50GB is often quoted as a limit that has been seen to work for a variety of use-cases.
Index by retention period
As segments are immutable, updating a document requires Elasticsearch to first find the existing document, then mark it as deleted and add the updated version. Deleting a document also requires the document to be found and marked as deleted. For this reason, deleted documents will continue to tie up disk space and some system resources until they are merged out, which can consume a lot of system resources.
Elasticsearch allows complete indices to be deleted very efficiently directly from the file system, without explicitly having to delete all records individually. This is by far the most efficient way to delete data from Elasticsearch.
TIP: Try to use time-based indices for managing data retention whenever possible. Group data into indices based on the retention period. Time-based indices also make it easy to vary the number of primary shards and replicas over time, as this can be changed for the next index to be generated. This simplifies adapting to changing data volumes and requirements.
Are indices and shards not free?
For each Elasticsearch index, information about mappings and state is stored in the cluster state. This is kept in memory for fast access. Having a large number of indices in a cluster can therefore result in a large cluster state, especially if mappings are large. This can become slow to update as all updates need to be done through a single thread in order to guarantee consistency before the changes are distributed across the cluster.
TIP: In order to reduce the number of indices and avoid large and sprawling mappings, consider storing data with similar structure in the same index rather than splitting into separate indices based on where the data comes from. It is important to find a good balance between the number of indices and the mapping size for each individual index.
Each shard has data that need to be kept in memory and use heap space. This includes data structures holding information at the shard level, but also at the segment level in order to define where data reside on disk. The size of these data structures is not fixed and will vary depending on the use-case.
One important characteristic of the segment related overhead is however that it is not strictly proportional to the size of the segment. This means that larger segments have less overhead per data volume compared to smaller segments. The difference can be substantial.
In order to be able to store as much data as possible per node, it becomes important to manage heap usage and reduce the amount of overhead as much as possible. The more heap space a node has, the more data and shards it can handle.
Indices and shards are therefore not free from a cluster perspective, as there is some level of resource overhead for each index and shard.
TIP: Small shards result in small segments, which increases overhead. Aim to keep the average shard size between a few GB and a few tens of GB. For use-cases with time-based data, it is common to see shards between 20GB and 40GB in size.
TIP: As the overhead per shard depends on the segment count and size, forcing smaller segments to merge into larger ones through a forcemerge operation can reduce overhead and improve query performance. This should ideally be done once no more data is written to the index. Be aware that this is an expensive operation that should ideally be performed during off-peak hours.
TIP: The number of shards you can hold on a node will be proportional to the amount of heap you have available, but there is no fixed limit enforced by Elasticsearch. A good rule-of-thumb is to ensure you keep the number of shards per node below 20 to 25 per GB heap it has configured. A node with a 30GB heap should therefore have a maximum of 600-750 shards, but the further below this limit you can keep it the better. This will generally help the cluster stay in good health.
How does shard size affect performance?
In Elasticsearch, each query is executed in a single thread per shard. Multiple shards can however be processed in parallel, as can multiple queries and aggregations against the same shard.
This means that the minimum query latency, when no caching is involved, will depend on the data, the type of query, as well as the size of the shard. Querying lots of small shards will make the processing per shard faster, but as many more tasks need to be queued up and processed in sequence, it is not necessarily going to be faster than querying a smaller number of larger shards. Having lots of small shards can also reduce the query throughput if there are multiple concurrent queries.
TIP: The best way to determine the maximum shard size from a query performance perspective is to benchmark using realistic data and queries. Always benchmark with a query and indexing load representative of what the node would need to handle in production, as optimizing for a single query might give misleading results.
How do I manage shard size?
When using time-based indices, each index has traditionally been associated with a fixed time period. Daily indices are very common, and often used for holding data with short retention period or large daily volumes. These allow retention period to be managed with good granularity and makes it easy to adjust for changing volumes on a daily basis. Data with a longer retention period, especially if the daily volumes do not warrant the use of daily indices, often use weekly or monthly induces in order to keep the shard size up. This reduces the number of indices and shards that need to be stored in the cluster over time.
TIP: If using time-based indices covering a fixed period, adjust the period each index covers based on the retention period and expected data volumes in order to reach the target shard size.
Time-based indices with a fixed time interval works well when data volumes are reasonably predictable and change slowly. If the indexing rate can vary quickly, it is very difficult to maintain a uniform target shard size.
In order to be able to better handle this type of scenarios, the Rollover and Shrink APIs were introduced. These add a lot of flexibility to how indices and shards are managed, specifically for time-based indices.
The rollover index API makes it possible to specify the number of documents and index should contain and/or the maximum period documents should be written to it. Once one of these criteria has been exceeded, Elasticsearch can trigger a new index to be created for writing without downtime. Instead of having each index cover a specific time-period, it is now possible to switch to a new index at a specific size, which makes it possible to more easily achieve an even shard size for all indices.
In cases where data might be updated, there is no longer a distinct link between the timestamp of the event and the index it resides in when using this API, which may make updates significantly less efficient as each update my need to be preceded by a search.
TIP: If you have time-based, immutable data where volumes can vary significantly over time, consider using the rollover index API to achieve an optimal target shard size by dynamically varying the time-period each index covers


Do 529 Distributions Count as Income?
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When you follow the rules and guidelines on how to use your 529 plan, money in the account does not count as income on your taxes. You do not report the distributions as income. However, if you accidentally use the funds on ineligible expenses or make a withdrawal, the 529 distribution may be subject to a penalty fee and taxes.
The following are cases in which your distribution may be counted as income.
The Distribution is Spent on Ineligible Expenses
Tuition, books, computers, printers, internet, necessary school equipment, and room and board are considered qualified expenses for the 529 plan. Purchases that are not considered eligible expenses include sports and club memberships, insurance, transportation, and mobile phone fees. For example, let's say that your membership in an intramural sports team is listed among the fees and expenses on your tuition bill. If a portion of your distribution is used to pay for the sports membership, it's an ineligible expense and that amount is considered taxable income.
You Withdraw Money and it is Not Contributed to a Qualifying 529 Plan Within 60 days
If you wish to rollover a 529 account or close your account and open a new plan, you can withdraw the funds and send a check for that amount to the new plan. However, if the money is not deposited into a 529 plan within 60 days, the amount will be regarded as taxable income.
You Exceed Qualified Higher Education Expenses (QHEE)
Perhaps the most innocent way that a distribution would qualify as income is by exceeding your Qualified Higher Education Expenses (QHEE). Each year your college estimates the cost of attendance, which includes tuition and fees and estimates for room and board. Two ways that account holders inadvertently exceed this expense:
 - The 529 plan is used to purchase off-campus housing that exceeds the university's estimate for room and board. 529 plans can be used for off-campus housing, but the cost must not exceed university estimates.
 - Tax-free aid such as grants and scholarships are not deducted from expenses. After calculating expenses based on tuition and fees, room and board, and other qualifying costs, you must deduct the amount of any grants, such as the Federal Pell Grant or scholarships. The remaining amount can be paid with the 529 plan.
In this case, the beneficiary of the 529 plan would receive an IRS Form 1099-Q and would be responsible for paying the taxes on the amount that exceeds the QHEE. In most cases, the beneficiary will have a lower tax bracket than the account holder, so the tax is not substantial.
You Take too Many Credits
In addition to using the 529 plan, you may take the Lifetime Learning Credit or the American Opportunity Tax Credit (AOTC) for qualifying educational expenses. However, taking either credit can lead to a surplus that exceeds your QHEE. If you exceed the qualified expenses, the money withdrawn from the 529 plan may be subject to income tax.
What are the Taxes and Penalties?
Distributions that are not spent on qualifying expenses through one of the scenarios above will be subject to a 10% federal tax penalty and subject to both state and federal income taxes. The tax penalties are waived if the beneficiary receives a scholarship, attends a military academy, is disabled, or dies. In these cases, the distribution is considered taxable income. It's also important to note that income taxes are not levied on the entire distribution, but only the earnings portion. Because 529 contributions are made with after-tax dollars, they cannot be taxed. Therefore the amount of tax due depends on the earnings on the account.
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text:
Summary: Interpreting classical theories
in constructive ones
A number of classical theories are interpreted in analogous theories
that are based on intuitionistic logic. The classical theories considered
include subsystems of firstand second-order arithmetic, bounded arithmetic, and admissible set theory.
Proof theory was developed, in part, as a way to reconcile classical and constructive aspects of mathematical reasoning. Given this historical fact, it is not
surprising that over the years proof theorists have invested a good deal of effort
in reducing classical theories to constructive ones.
Elegant in its simplicity, the GĻodel-Gentzen double-negation interpretation
works wonders. For example, it seamlessly reduces classical arithmetic to its
intuitionistic counterpart, and with some additional work it can be used to interpret Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory in a variant based on intuitionistic logic.
Under the double-negation interpretation, 2 sentences of arithmetic, which can
be said to carry a theory's "computational" content, are not preserved, but in
both these examples a further application of the Friedman-Dragalin interpreta-


advance human welfare
levinson: destruction-creation
the middle-aged person must create a better balance between masculinity and feminine parts of self
Levinson: masculinty-feminity
The middle aged person must forge a better balance between engagement with the external world and separateness; reducing concern for ambition
levinson: engagement-separateness
exploration without having reached commitment
Identity moratorium
commitment in the absence of exploration
identity foreclosure
an apathetic state characterized by lack of both exploration and commitment
identity diffusion
slowing of central nervous system functioning underlies nearly all age-related declines in cognitive performance. This causes decreases in speed of processing, attention, memory, and creativity.
Neurological theories of cognitive changes in
future-oriented representations of what one hopes to become and what one is afraid of becoming. The temporal dimension of self-concept.
possible selves
A term used to describe middle-aged adults who must care for multiple generations above and below them at the same time.
sandwich generation


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This is another daft claim. It is daft for the same reason as Cassidy's explanation for glim is daft. When people borrow between languages, they tend to borrow individual words. Occasionally they borrow well-known and often-used phrases. However they never borrow random bits of sentences and they borrow the most basic form of the word. Cassidy claims that 'beef' as in 'to have a beef with someone' comes from the Irish phrase b'aifirt which means (if it means anything) 'was a reproach'. On its own and out of any context like this, it really means nothing and it would be pronounced baffirch, which doesn't sound much like beef.
The origins of the slang term 'beef' (complaint) are not known. There are various suggestions involving disputes between sheep-herders and cow-punchers in the old west or soldiers complaining about their rations in the Civil War. However, 'beef' doesn't come from b'aifirt and that's a fact.


text:
Apr. 2, 2010 As peach trees go, it doesn't look much different from its kin at the Clemson University Musser Fruit Research Farm, but appearances can be deceiving. This one, a Lovell variety, has a unique genetic characteristic that made it a standout in the orchard. Its DNA -- its genetic set of instructions for living -- has been sequenced by scientists, enabling further research to identify beneficial traits to grow better trees and fruit.
The tree's DNA sequence is being published worldwide April 1, opening a new era in fruit-tree research that could have far-reaching implications for the future of peaches, as well as many other valuable plants. The research is available online at _URL_.
This genome sequence is the culmination of an extensive research program pioneered at Clemson University under the leadership of Albert "Bert" Abbott, who holds the Robert and Lois Coker Trustees Chair in Molecular Genetics and is a professor in the genetics and biochemistry department. The research goal is to establish the peach as a model tree genome for identifying and understanding genes that are critical for deciduous tree growth and development.
"The tree providing the DNA for the sequencing effort was chosen after careful analysis of DNA from specific trees in the Musser orchard," said Abbott. "The choice of this tree was crucial to the overall success of the project, and the extremely high quality of the peach genome sequence assembly is a direct result of this choice."
The peach genomics efforts of the Clemson research team and its international collaborators led the Joint Genome Institute, a federally funded sequencing facility, to underwrite the sequencing the genome of peach as one of the key plant species of interest worldwide.
Clemson and Washington State University maintain the Genome Database for Rosaceae, which is a central repository of genetics and genomics data of Rosaceae, an economically important plant family, including apple, cherry, peach, pear, raspberry, rose and strawberry.
Clemson has a close connection to Washington State through Dorrie Main, a WSU associate professor of bioinformatics. She previously was director of bioinformatics at the Clemson University Genomics Institute, a research and training facility focusing on the discovery and analysis of important genes from plants, animals and microbes.
Bryon Sosinski, a graduate of the Clemson genetics program, now an associate professor of horticultural science at N.C. State University, served as the American coordinator of an effort to sequence the genome of the peach. Sosinski said the effort spanned the globe, involving scientists in Italy, Spain and Chile. In the United States, N.C. State, the Joint Genome Institute, Clemson and Washington State universities were the principal partners. In the United States, the effort was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, while the Italian government funded the international effort.
The peach genome should be useful to scientists working with a number of peach relatives whose genomes appear to be similar to that of the peach, according to Sosinski.
"Some of these relatives, such as apple or plum, might be expected, but others, such as strawberries and raspberries, and trees, such as poplar and chestnut, would seem unlikely in that the plants are quite different from peaches," he said.
It is likely, Sosinski added, that all these plants had common ancestors, and that while they have evolved to be quite different today, their genetic makeup remains similar. As a result, what scientists learn about the peach genome may transfer to these relatives, as the peach genome appears to be relatively unchanged or ancestral in nature. If, for example, scientists identify a peach gene that influences sugar content in the fruit, strawberries and raspberries may have that same gene and it may have the same function.
While sequencing the genome of an organism is a significant scientific achievement, Sosinski said, it is just the beginning of scientific work related to the genome. The genomic sequence of an organism is roughly equivalent to a book that is simply a long list of letters, without spaces between words or punctuation, paragraphs or chapters.
This long list of letters, by itself, has little meaning; however, if the letters are organized into words and punctuation added, creating meaningful sentences, paragraphs and chapters, the book begins to make sense, said Sosinski.
At the Musser farm in Oconee County researchers field test more than 350 different types of peaches, including varieties from Italy, China and France. Some of them will perform well in South Carolina; others will not. The goal is to provide peach growers with research-based information so that they can make good decisions for a profitable industry.
"Consumers are becoming much more aware of the health benefits associated with varieties optimized for nutritional value," Abbott said. "The stone fruit industry in South Carolina and the nation faces many significant challenges. These varieties will help growers gain a competitive edge in the marketplace."
Arrangements have been made to send 10 cuttings of the DNA-sequenced tree to N.C. State, where Sosinski hopes to plant the trees around campus.
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text:
What does FR mean in Military?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand FR in the Governmental field in general and in the Military terminology in particular.
Find a translation for FR in other languages:
Select another language:
What does FR mean?
- francium, Fr, atomic number 87(noun)
- a radioactive element of the alkali-metal group discovered as a disintegration product of actinium


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The definition of Montagnais is a Native American Indian tribe from Northern Quebec in Canada.
Facts About the Montagnais
- Many of the current tribe still exist and live in the same area of Quebec today.
- It is commonly believed that the name of Quebec actually came from one of the names given the tribe, Kebik.
- Montagnais speakers refer to their native language as Innu-Aimun. Most Montagnais children can speak their native language.
- The Montagnais tribe were nomadic and moved according to the changing of the seasons.
- The Montagnais tribe depended on the environment to save in a number of ways including for their:
- Food - In the spring, salmon and eel were their main sources of food. In winter they depended on the hunting of both small and large game, such as porcupine, caribou, moose, and elk.
- Clothing - It was typical to see clothing made of buckskin or other animal skins and natural materials.
- Shelter - The Montagnais lived in wigwams and covered the wigwams with animal skins, reeds, mats and bark from trees.
- Transportation - In spring months, the Montagnais relied on canoes crafted from strong trees. In winter, when they were forced to follow the migration of caribou as their main food source, the Montagnais constructed snow shoes using components of the environment.
An example of Montagnais is the 13,000 Indian Americans living in Labrador and Quebec today.


How many places are named Palma?
There are 62 places in the world named Palma!
Palma can be found in 22 countries throughout the world.
In some countries the place can be found more than once. For example Mexico, Brazil and Cuba.
Mexico has the highest number of places called Palma, spread accross 15 regions.
The majority of the cities named Palma can be found above the equator.
The northern most place is in the region Viseu in Portugal. The southern most place is in the region Artigas in Uruguay.
See products related to Palma on Amazon.com.
All places Cities
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(Max 1000)
Cities named Palma: to select only cities, choose "Cities".
There are 62 places called Palma in the world.
Number of places named Palma per country:
There are 15 places named Palma in Mexico.
There are 8 places named Palma in Brazil.
There are 7 places named Palma in Cuba.
There are 5 places named Palma in Philippines.
There are 4 places named Palma in Costa Rica.
There are 3 places named Palma in Portugal.
There are 2 places named Palma in America.
There are 2 places named Palma in Peru.
There are 2 places named Palma in Haiti.
There are 2 places named Palma in Spain.
There is one place named Palma in Uruguay.
There is one place named Palma in Panama.
There is one place named Palma in Nigeria.
There is one place named Palma in Mozambique.
There is one place named Palma in Mauritius.
There is one place named Palma in Northern Mariana Islands.
There is one place named Palma in India.
There is one place named Palma in Guatemala.
There is one place named Palma in Ecuador.
There is one place named Palma in Colombia.
There is one place named Palma in Australia.
There is one place named Palma in Argentina.
Cities named Palma in Mexico.
Palma - ZacatecasWhere is Palma - Zacatecas - Mexico?
Palma - Veracruz-LlaveWhere is Palma - Veracruz-Llave - Mexico?
Palma - TamaulipasWhere is Palma - Tamaulipas - Mexico?
Palma - TabascoWhere is Palma - Tabasco - Mexico?
Palma - SonoraWhere is Palma - Sonora - Mexico?
Palma - SinaloaWhere is Palma - Sinaloa - Mexico?
Palma - San Luis PotosiWhere is Palma - San Luis Potosi - Mexico?
Palma - Queretaro de ArteagaWhere is Palma - Queretaro de Arteaga - Mexico?
Palma - OaxacaWhere is Palma - Oaxaca - Mexico?
Palma - Nuevo LeonWhere is Palma - Nuevo Leon - Mexico?
Palma - JaliscoWhere is Palma - Jalisco - Mexico?
Palma - HidalgoWhere is Palma - Hidalgo - Mexico?
Palma - GuerreroWhere is Palma - Guerrero - Mexico?
Palma - GuanajuatoWhere is Palma - Guanajuato - Mexico?
Palma - DurangoWhere is Palma - Durango - Mexico?
Cities named Palma in Brazil.
Palma - TocantinsWhere is Palma - Tocantins - Brazil?
Palma - Sao PauloWhere is Palma - Sao Paulo - Brazil?
Palma - Rio Grande do SulWhere is Palma - Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil?
Palma - Rio Grande do NorteWhere is Palma - Rio Grande do Norte - Brazil?
Palma - Minas GeraisWhere is Palma - Minas Gerais - Brazil?
Palma - CearaWhere is Palma - Ceara - Brazil?
Palma - BahiaWhere is Palma - Bahia - Brazil?
Palma - AlagoasWhere is Palma - Alagoas - Brazil?
Cities named Palma in Cuba.
Palma - Villa ClaraWhere is Palma - Villa Clara - Cuba?
Palma - MatanzasWhere is Palma - Matanzas - Cuba?
Palma - La HabanaWhere is Palma - La Habana - Cuba?
Palma - HolguinWhere is Palma - Holguin - Cuba?
Palma - GuantanamoWhere is Palma - Guantanamo - Cuba?
Palma - Ciego de AvilaWhere is Palma - Ciego de Avila - Cuba?
Palma - CamagueyWhere is Palma - Camaguey - Cuba?
Cities named Palma in Philippines.
Palma - PangasinanWhere is Palma - Pangasinan - Philippines?
Palma - Negros OccidentalWhere is Palma - Negros Occidental - Philippines?
Palma - LagunaWhere is Palma - Laguna - Philippines?
Palma - BukidnonWhere is Palma - Bukidnon - Philippines?
Palma - AntiqueWhere is Palma - Antique - Philippines?
Cities named Palma in Costa Rica.
Palma - San JoseWhere is Palma - San Jose - Costa Rica?
Palma - PuntarenasWhere is Palma - Puntarenas - Costa Rica?
Palma - GuanacasteWhere is Palma - Guanacaste - Costa Rica?
Palma - AlajuelaWhere is Palma - Alajuela - Costa Rica?
Cities named Palma in Portugal.
Palma - ViseuWhere is Palma - Viseu - Portugal?
Palma - SetubalWhere is Palma - Setubal - Portugal?
Palma - PortalegreWhere is Palma - Portalegre - Portugal?
Cities named Palma in America.
Palma - New MexicoWhere is Palma - New Mexico - America?
Palma - KentuckyWhere is Palma - Kentucky - America?
Cities named Palma in Peru.
Palma - San MartinWhere is Palma - San Martin - Peru?
Palma - IcaWhere is Palma - Ica - Peru?
Cities named Palma in Haiti.
Palma - OuestWhere is Palma - Ouest - Haiti?
Palma - CentreWhere is Palma - Centre - Haiti?
Cities named Palma in Spain.
Palma - MurciaWhere is Palma - Murcia - Spain?
Palma - Islas BalearesWhere is Palma - Islas Baleares - Spain?
Cities named Palma in Uruguay.
Palma - ArtigasWhere is Palma - Artigas - Uruguay?
Cities named Palma in Panama.
Palma - ChiriquiWhere is Palma - Chiriqui - Panama?
Cities named Palma in Nigeria.
Palma - BornoWhere is Palma - Borno - Nigeria?
Cities named Palma in Mozambique.
Palma - Cabo DelgadoWhere is Palma - Cabo Delgado - Mozambique?
Cities named Palma in Mauritius.
Palma - Plaines WilhemsWhere is Palma - Plaines Wilhems - Mauritius?
Cities named Palma in Northern Mariana Islands.
Palma - MPWhere is Palma - MP - Northern Mariana Islands?
Cities named Palma in India.
Palma - ChhattisgarhWhere is Palma - Chhattisgarh - India?
Cities named Palma in Guatemala.
Palma - El ProgresoWhere is Palma - El Progreso - Guatemala?
Cities named Palma in Ecuador.
Palma - EsmeraldasWhere is Palma - Esmeraldas - Ecuador?
Cities named Palma in Colombia.
Palma - CundinamarcaWhere is Palma - Cundinamarca - Colombia?
Cities named Palma in Australia.
Palma - QueenslandWhere is Palma - Queensland - Australia?
Cities named Palma in Argentina.
Palma - JujuyWhere is Palma - Jujuy - Argentina?
Places named after…