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Design of physical systems and associated control systems are coupled tasks; design methods that manage this interaction explicitly can produce system-optimal designs, whereas conventional sequential processes may not. Here we explore a new technique for combined physical system and control design (co-design) based on a simultaneous dynamic optimization approach known as direct transcription, which transforms infinite-dimensional control design problems into finite dimensional nonlinear programming problems. While direct transcription problem dimension is often large, sparse problem structures and fine-grained parallelism (among other advantageous properties) can be exploited to yield computationally efficient implementations. Extension of direct transcription to co-design gives rise to a new problem structures and new challenges. Here we illustrate direct transcription for co-design using a new automotive active suspension design example developed specifically for testing co-design methods. This example builds on prior active suspension problems by incorporating a more realistic physical design component that includes independent design variables and a broad set of physical design constraints, while maintaining linearity of the associated differential equations.
- Design Engineering Division and Computers and Information in Engineering Division
Co-Design of an Active Suspension Using Simultaneous Dynamic Optimization
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Allison, JT, & Han, Z. "Co-Design of an Active Suspension Using Simultaneous Dynamic Optimization." Proceedings of the ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. Volume 5: 37th Design Automation Conference, Parts A and B. Washington, DC, USA. August 28–31, 2011. pp. 903-913. ASME. _URL_
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How important is it to seal electrical outlets against air leakage? Despite the tireless efforts of energy analysts and product manufacturers, nobody will ever come up with a truly valid answer to this question. One obstacle is that finding the "average" air leakage through electrical outlets is like trying to calculate the average size of rocks. Research reports and published pie charts show that air leakage through outlets can account for 15% to 25% or more of the total air infiltration in a house. But common sense tells us that the amount of air that flows through electrical outlets must depend on the tightness of the exterior sheathing and siding, the wall insulation, and the number of unsealed wiring holes


IUCN threat status:
Not evaluated
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Why call a purple orchid green-winged? If you look closely at the blossoms, you will see that the side petals ('the wings') have green stripes. This orchid is also known as the green-veined orchid. The green-winged orchid grows mostly in damp, calcium-rich, scanty hay fields and is legally protected. The flower stalk consists of 5-25 loosely grouped helmet-shaped flowers. It often grows together with yellow-rattle. The unusual association of green-winged orchid and yellow-rattle is probably not found outside of the Netherlands.
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Source: Ecomare


Drawing Daisy Wheel Angles
250 x 160 mm / 6 pages / full colour
The compass drawn daisy wheel is a precision geometrical protractor giving six 60 degree sectors that can be geometrically subdivided into 30 degree, 15 degree and smaller subdivisions or combined to give greater angles such as 90 degrees and upwards.
The wheel is also a major source of triangulation. The six petal tips on the wheel's circumference can be connected to generate 30 60 90 degree triangulation but also, perhaps unexpectedly, four and six point rectangles. Dividing the four point rectangle along its diagonal produces two identical 30 60 90 degree triangles that are perfect set squares.


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The Titanic story—with some help from Hollywood—has ensured that the story of "Molly" Brown will remain firmly inscribed in history. But what should we remember about the real life story of Margaret Tobin Brown? Here are five things that should remain in the history books.
One: Like many women of her time, Margaret was largely self-educated. She attended grammar school until age thirteen, then went to work stripping tobacco leaves at the Garth tobacco factory. When she arrived in Leadville as a young woman, she began her education in earnest and studied with a tutor for three hours each day. She was one of the first women to attend the Carnegie Institute in New York, which was founded on the belief that anyone—regardless of gender, race, or economic or social status—could go to college. Margaret became fluent in several languages and lectured around the country on literature and politics.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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This module implements the dnode protocol in a reusable form that is presently used for both the server-side and browser-side dnode code.
var protocol = require('dnode-protocol')
var proto = protocol(cons, localRef=)
Create a new protocol object with a constructor
These libraries implement the dnode protocol too so you can make RPC calls between scripts written in different languages.
There's a python one in the works too at
- dnode-python but it's not finished yet.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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I would like to give you a real world experiment that proves that energy is not a conserved quantity.
I have built a Dawn Mission type yo-yo de-spin device. I question if NASA is correct in their assumption that the weights conserve the same energy as the spinning space craft. They claim that when the 3 kilogram weights have the 1400 kg spinning rocket stopped; that the weight have the same kinetic energy as the original spin of the satellite body.
Just for a point of reference I change the satellite into a one meter diameter hollow cylinder; rotating at one meter per second around the arc of the circle. I think this 1200 kilograms is a ballpark figure; so we have twelve hundred kilograms moving one meter per second.
For the satellite energy we have ½ * 1200 kg * 1 m/sec * 1 m/sec = 600 joules
For energy conservation of the 3 kilogram masses on the end of the tethers we would need to have ½ * 3 kg * 20 m/sec * 20 m/sec = 600 joules. This 20 m/sec is half the speed of the baseball in the majors.
For the satellite momentum we have 1200 kg * 1 m/sec = 1200 units.
For momentum conservation of the 3 kilogram masses on the end of the tethers we have 3 kg * 400 m/sec = 1200 units. This 400 m/sec is 20% above the speed of sound.
Quite a difference 20 or 400; which one is correct?
I built a yo-yo de-spin device to find out. Because only momentum can be transferred from small objects to large objects; and conservation of energy only gives use 20 m/sec * 3 kg = 60 units of momentum to return 1200 units. If the 3 kilogram masses only have 60 units of momentum they can not restart the spin of the satellite.
So now for the experimental answer that I obtained from a small de-spin device. After a complete stop of the cylinder the tethered spheres completely restore the spinning motion of the cylinder. The original and final spin rates of the cylinder are the same.
If the Dawn Mission tethers were not released the 3 kilogram masses would have rewound and restarted the spin of the satellite. For a complete restoration of motion. Momentum is conserved not energy.
Edited by DelburtPhend, 22 December 2016 - 06:44 PM.


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Recognizing septicemia in goldfish is difficult because more often than not, little or no symptoms occur to indicate infection. It is one of the fish diseases that causes harm from within.
What is Hemorrhagic Septicemia in Goldfish?
- Most common indication of septicemia in koi and goldfish are Blood Streaks
- While it is not a communicable fish disease, the chances of it spreading is high if an infected fish shares the same tank with healthy fishes.
- The most probable cause for such disease is the buildup of nitrite in the tank due to the remaining excrement of fishes in the water. Overfeeding and overstocking have also been included as reasons.
Causes, Symptoms and Treatment of Septicemia
- It is difficult to recognize septicemia symptoms. There are only few significant signs that can guide the aquarist. To be sure about the diagnosis, it is best to consult a veterinarian.
- Some of the most widely reported symptoms include skin ulcers, deteriorating fins, bulging eyes, lethargy, staying on the surface or corners of the tank and anemia.
- The cause of septicemia has been traced to many factors such as:
- Stressful conditions
- Poor water quality
- Improper handling of the fish
- The remedy for septicemia is treating the infection as quickly as possible. The pet owner should feed the fish with triple-strength antibiotic food and nothing else.
- The infected fish undergoing treatment must be kept within a warm environment above 68 degrees Fahrenheit.
- Salt solution added to the treatment tank can help heal the scales back to their natural texture.
- Water quality should be kept in excellent conditions to prevent further complications.


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word for neighbourhood), and the absolute maximum was 44 °C (111 °F) in February. The lowest temperature ever registered in the 21st century was 10 °C (50 °F) in Vila Militar, July 2011. Temperatures below 10 °C (50 °F) are very rare in the city. The temperature varies according to elevation, distance from the coast, and type of vegetation. Winter brings mild temperatures and less rain than in the summer.
Average annual temperature of the sea is 23–24 °C (73–75 °F), from 22 °C (72 °F) in the period July–October to 26 °C (79 °F) in February and March. The wettest and driest months tend to be December and August respectively.
|Climate data for Rio de Janeiro|
|Record high °C (°F)||43
|Average high °C (°F)||29.4
|Daily mean °C (°F)||26.2
|Average low °C (°F)||23.3
|Record low °C (°F)||18
|Rainfall mm (inches)||114.1
|Avg. rainy days (≥ 0.1 mm)||12||9||12||10||8||6||6||6||9||10||11||13||112|
|Mean monthly sunshine hours||195.3||209.1||195.3||165.0||170.5||156.0||182.9||179.8||138.0||158.1||168.0||161.2||2,079.2|
|Source #1: World Meteorological Organization (UN),Hong Kong Observatory|
|Source #2: Weatherbase (record highs and lows, humidity)|
|25 °C (77 °F)||26 °C (79 °F)||26 °C (79 °F)||25 °C (77 °F)||24 °C (75 °F)||23 °C (73 °F)||22 °C (72 °F)||22 °C (72 °F)||22 °C (72 °F)||22 °C (72 °F)||23 °C (73 °F)||25 °C (77 °F)||24 °C (75 °F)|
Europeans first encountered Guanabara Bay on January 1, 1502 (hence Rio de Janeiro, "January River"), by a Portuguese expedition under explorer Gaspar de Lemos captain of a ship in Pedro Álvares Cabral's fleet, or under Gonçalo Coelho. Allegedly the Florentine explorer Amerigo Vespucci participated as observer at the invitation of King Manuel I in the same expedition. The region of Rio was inhabited by the Tupi, Puri, Botocudo and Maxakalí peoples.
In 1555, one of the islands of Guanabara Bay, now called Villegagnon Island, was occupied by 500 French colonists under the French admiral Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon. Consequently, Villegagnon built Fort Coligny on the island when attempting to establish the France Antarctique colony.
The city of Rio de Janeiro proper was founded by the Portuguese on March 1, 1565 and was named São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro, in honor of St. Sebastian, the saint who was the namesake and patron of the then Portuguese Monarch D. Sebastião. Rio de Janeiro was the name of Guanabara Bay. Until early in the 18th century, the city was threatened or invaded by several, mostly French, pirates and buccaneers, such as Jean-François Duclerc and René Duguay-Trouin.
In the late 17th century, still during the Sugar Era, the Bandeirantes found gold and diamonds in the neighboring captaincy of Minas Gerais, thus Rio de Janeiro became a much more practical port for exporting wealth (gold, precious stones, besides the sugar) than Salvador, Bahia, which is much farther to the northeast. And so in 1763, the colonial administration in Portuguese America was moved from Salvador to Rio de Janeiro. The city remained primarily a colonial capital until 1808, when the Portuguese royal family and most of the associated Lisbon nobles, fleeing from Napoleon's invasion of Portugal, moved to Rio de Janeiro. The kingdom's capital was transferred to the city, which, thus, became the only European capital outside of Europe. As there was no physical space or urban structure to accommodate hundreds of noblemen who arrived suddenly, many inhabitants were simply evicted from their homes. There was a large influx of African slaves to Rio de Janeiro: in 1819, there were 145,000 slaves in the captaincy. In 1840, the number of slaves reached 220,000 people.
When Prince Pedro I proclaimed the independence of Brazil in 1822, he decided to keep Rio de Janeiro as the capital of his new empire. Rio continued as the capital of Brazil after 1889, when the monarchy was replaced by a republic. Until the early years of the 20th century, the city was largely limited to the neighborhood now known as the historic Downtown business district (see below), on the mouth of Guanabara Bay. The city's center of gravity began to shift south and west to the so-called Zona Sul (South Zone) in the early part of the 20th century, when the first tunnel was built under the mountains located between Botafogo and the neighborhood now known as Copacabana. Expansion of the city to the north and south was facilitated by the consolidation and electrification of Rio's streetcar transit system after 1905. Botafogo's natural beauty, combined with the fame of the Copacabana Palace Hotel, the luxury hotel of the Americas in the 1930s, helped Rio to gain the reputation it still holds today as a beach party town (though, this reputation has been somewhat tarnished in recent years by favela violence resulting from the narcotics trade). Plans for moving the nation's capital city to the territorial centre had been occasionally discussed, and when Juscelino Kubitschek was elected president in 1955, it was partially on the strength of promises to build a new capital. Though many thought that it was just campaign rhetoric, Kubitschek managed to have Brasília built, at great cost, by 1960. On April 21 that year the capital of Brazil was officially moved from Rio de Janeiro to Brasília.
Between 1960 and 1975 Rio was a city-state under the name Guanabara State (after the bay it borders). However, for administrative and political reasons, a presidential decree known as "The Fusion" removed the city's federative status and merged it with the State of Rio de Janeiro, the territory surrounding the city whose capital was Niterói, in 1975. Even today, some Cariocas advocate the return of municipal autonomy.
The city hosted the 2007 Pan American Games and will host the 2014 FIFA World Cup final. It was announced on October 2, 2009, that Rio will host the 2016 Olympic Games, beating the finalist competitors Chicago, Tokyo, and Madrid. The city will become the first South American city to host the event and the second Latin American city (after Mexico City in 1968) to host the Games. The city will host the World Youth Day in 2013, the second World Youth Day in South America and first in Brazil.
City districts
The city is commonly divided into the historic center (Centro); the tourist-friendly wealthier South Zone (Zona Sul); the residential less wealthy North Zone (Zona Norte); peripheries in the West Zone (Zona Oeste), Santa Cruz and Campo Grande and the wealthy newer American-style Barra da Tijuca district.
Centro is the historic core of the city, as well as its financial centre. Sites of interest include the Paço Imperial, built during colonial times to serve as a residence for the Portuguese governors of Brazil; many historic churches, such as the Candelária Church, (the former cathedral), Sao Jose, Santa Lucia, Nossa Senhora do Carmo, Santa Rita, San Francisco de Paula, and the monasteries of Santo Antonio and Sao Bento. The Centro also houses the modern concrete Rio de Janeiro Cathedral. Around the Cinelândia square, there are several landmarks of the Belle Époque of Rio, such as the Municipal Theatre and the National Library building. Among its several museums, the Museu Nacional de Belas Artes (National Museum of Fine Arts) and the Museu Histórico Nacional (National Historical Museum) are the most important. Other important historical attractions in central Rio include its Passeio Público, an 18th-century public garden. Major streets include Avenida Rio Branco and Avenida Vargas, both constructed, in 1906 and 1942 respectively, by destroying large swaths of the colonial city. A number of colonial streets, such as Rua do Ouvidor and Uruguayana, have long been pedestrian spaces, and the popular Saara shopping district has been pedestrianized more recently.
South Zone
(Portuguese: Zona Sul) is composed of several districts, among which are São Conrado, Leblon, Ipanema, Arpoador, Copacabana, and Leme, which compose Rio's famous Atlantic beach coastline. Other districts in the South Zone are Glória, Catete, Flamengo, Botafogo,


Curved Vs Flat Monitors:- Detailed Guide
When curved displays first appeared on the market, most people believed it was just a gimmick and a passing craze that's not worth the excess cost.
So, why exactly do curved paths make more sense than curved TVs, and what are the benefits and disadvantages of curved monitors compared to flat-screen models?
First, we will explain what distinct curvature radius evaluations imply, such as 1000R, 1500R, 3800R, etc..
The lower the number above the'R' isthe steeper the screen curvature will be.
1500R, for instance, refers to a radius of 1500mm or 1.5 meters — in case you were to make a circle out of a bunch of 1500R curved monitors, the radius of that circle could be 1.5m.
In addition, the curvature rating tells you that the optimal viewing distance.
So, with a 2000R curved monitor, you will only get full benefits of the curvature if you're no more than two meters away from the monitor.
Curved Vs Flat monitors
Unlike curved TVs, which usually have subtle curvatures of ~4000R, many curved paths have steeper curvatures of ~1500R. This makes sense as you are going to be sitting farther away from a TV than you would from a monitor.
But the problem with TVs is this to take whole benefit of a curved screen, you also have to be sitting right in front of it, which is not possible to do if you have a great deal of people in the room.
In addition, people seeing the TV in the far sides of a room wouldn't be able to see the entire screen due to the curvature.
So, it's clear why, for most people, a curved TV is not worth the extra price.
There are a few advantages to curved TVs too, which you can learn more about in our curved vs. flat TV article.
These issues do not affect curved monitors since they are meant for a single person sitting in front of the display.
What is more, curved monitors aren't necessarily more expensive than the wellness models. Oftentimes, curved panels are used for budget gaming monitors that are actually less expensive than their flat-panel counterparts.
Of course, how useful is that the curvature on a monitor mainly depends upon the screen's dimensions and curvature radius.
If you were looking to buy the best monitors according to your budget tag please check out our articles on this topic:-
 1. Best Monitor Under 100 USD
 2. Best Monitor Under 150 USD
 3. Best Monitor Under 200 USD
 4. Best Monitor Under 300 USD
 5. Best Monitor Under 500 USD
 6. Best Monitor Under 1000 USD
Small 24″ and 27″ sized curved monitors usually have curvatures of 1500R or even 1800R, which are not even that noticeable due to their small screen size.
With 32″ or bigger curved screens, the curvature becomes more noticeable, especially if it's 1500R or steeper, but then, the curvature isn't exactly necessary.
You shouldn't purchase a 24″ — 32″ widescreen (16:9 aspect ratio) monitor just because it's curved unless you're also interested in additional specifications and features that the screen provides.
Due to the extra width of those monitors, the curvature actually brings the borders of the screen closer to you thus covering of your peripheral vision.
This adds extra depth to the image since you can see more of the display simultaneously, without having to move your eyes/head too much, which improves both eye and immersion relaxation, and also eliminates distortion at the edges of the screen.
Disadvantages Of Curved Monitors
The most important disadvantage of curved monitors is your viewing angles as you won't receive the perfect viewing experience unless you are sitting right facing the display.
So, if you would like to see a movie from your mattress, and your curved screen is not facing it, the picture quality might not be ideal, particularly if the screen has a VA panel with poor viewing angles to the IPS technology.
Obviously, this is based on the monitor's display dimensions and curvature in addition to the particular angle you would be taking a look at the screen.
Still another concern users have with curved monitors is seeing skilled use like design, 2D and 3D modeling, and design, but as long as the curvature is not too intense, it will not be a problem.
In the end, the most important thing to consider is the panel quality itself.
For professional use, you will want to have an IPS panel display for the most precise colors and widest viewing angles, and all widescreen IPS screens are flat-screen.
When it comes to the ultrawide versions, those intended for professional usage have subtle curvatures precisely for this reason; they remove distortion without stretching out the items which are near the borders of the display.
For gambling and multimedia/everyday usage, we highly recommend obtaining a curved monitor if you want an ultrawide display. So far as the widescreen models are concerned, it's just an issue of personal taste.
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Mathematics Curriculum Specialist
Mathematics Curriculum Specialist, Durham, NC Office
We are an education company seeking a full-time Mathematics Curriculum Specialist. CASE Assessments provides benchmark assessments and a test item bank for school districts in Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee. We are seeking a math specialist to develop Common Core and state standards assessment products for delivery in print and online.
This mathematics curriculum specialist position is a full-time position in our Durham, NC office. At this time, we will not be considering applicants unable to work in the Durham office.
- Bachelor's degree in mathematics and/or education with a focus on mathematics
- Mastery of mathematical content knowledge relevant to teaching experience
- Minimum 2-3 years' experience as a certified classroom teacher
- Strong command of Common Core Standards
- Demonstrated aptitude for writing and reviewing summative assessment items for Common Core content
- Proficiency in Microsoft Office, primarily Word and Excel
- In addition to professional knowledge, the candidate should have:
- The ability to work well in a group
- The ability to be a critical thinker who is able to give and receive constructive feedback on assessment products
- The ability to work under deadlines by prioritizing and organizing work effectively
- The ability to work in a flexible, dynamic environment
- Preference may be given to a candidate with more teaching experience and/or with additional experience writing mathematics items for use in print and online educational platforms.
- Preference may be given to a candidate with strong content knowledge of Elementary through Algebra I/Math I math curriculum.
- Preference may be given to a candidate with additional experience using graphics software (e.g., Microsoft Paint and/or Adobe Illustrator).
- Preference may be given to a candidate with a Master's Degree in mathematics or education or with National Board Certification.


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Topic: real music (not tones) (Read 599 times) previous topic - next topic
I'm hoping someone can point me in the right direction. I want to learn how speakers work and how I can control a speaker with an arduino to make sounds. But not the basic tone stuff, actual music and/or playing back a person talking etc. I see a lot of tutorials for making tones but that's not what I'm interest in. I also see a number of shields that just do the whole thing for you but I'd like to understand what is happening and how to do it onboard the arduino. Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Nick Gammon
Here's the problem... to play back real music you need to sample it, like how CDs are made. To get reasonable quality you need to sample at twice the frequency you want to have as your maximum, so for CD quality that is 40000 samples per second. At 8 bits per sample that is 40 Kb every second. But the Arduino only has 2 Kb of RAM and 32 Kb of program memory.
Either way, that's just a fraction of a second.
You might do it with extra storage (eg. an SD card) and a digital-to-analog converter, which is probably what these shields have.
Another more practical route is to play MIDI, because then you just have to send "play middle C for 1 second" which only takes a few bytes, and let the synth do the actual sounds.
More info:
You need to have the Arduino control a synthesizer chip. A quick search brought up _URL_
Thank you very much for the reply guys! Not really interest in midi more into voice stuff then notes. How is it done in cheap toys that can say a few words or make an explosion sound? Like the GI Joes with a button on them that makes it say one of three phrases?
Most are either mechanical recordings or custom chips.
And not the greatest sound quality either.
Try looking into a Speakjet chip.
Some good info on it here
Some sound samples here too
Everybody gave you good advice but if you want to learn about sound reproduction you might want to start with studying amplifiers. In particular the class D amp. It is most applicable for use with the arduino. If you see the class D amp and a motor control using an H-bridge you will see that they are pretty much the same except there is a speaker where the motor would be. When I first noticed that I thought it was amazing.
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Analogous to the way we considered states of a KL shadow with regard to overcrossings and undercrossings, we can deal with special projections by giving three possible choices for every vertex (overcrossing, undercrossing, or double vertex). For a KL shadow with n vertices, the number of possible variations is 3n, but this can be considerably reduced thanks to the symmetry of a KL in question. We can consider Vassiliev invariants in terms of purely geometrical combinatorial theory by introducing Gauss diagrams (or chord diagrams) of the order n (n = 1,2,3,...). We already concluded that the value of an nth-order invariant of a KL with n double points is unaffected by crossing changes. This value is independent of the phenomenon of knotting, and depends only on the order in which double points appear when tracing KL.
In the case of knots we can introduce the following rule. Let a knot K with n double points be given. Proceeding around a circle we will label all double points visited by travelling in our oriented knot K in that order. Then we join each pair of points having the same label by a chord. The resulting diagram is called a Gauss diagram (or chord diagram) of K. The Gauss diagram of the special projection of a trefoil knot with three double points and one loop is given in the corresponding figure. In the same way as before, thanks to the one-term relation, we can delete all double points with a loop and continue to work with proper (or reduced) special projections and corresponding proper (or reduced) Gauss diagrams. All the non-singular knots have the same diagram- a circle without any cords. In general, many knots correspond to the same diagram. Now we can construct all different Gauss diagrams Dn of order n (i.e., with n double points). Then we can rewrite the one-term relation and four-term relation in the language of chord diagrams. By using the one-term relation, we can reduce the list Dn to one diagram for n = 2 and two diagrams for n = 3, by eliminating the diagrams d11, d22, d34, d35 and reducing d33 to d21. If we are treating Gauss diagrams as vectors, according to the four-term relation we obtain the relation d31 = 2d32, so dim(D1) = 0, dim(D2) = 1, dim(D3) = 1, etc. Recalling that dim(D0) = 1, and continuing the calculation for n = 3,4,...,9, we obtain the sequence 1, 0, 1, 1, 3, 4, 9, 14, 27, 44 of the dimensions of the spaces Dn for n = 0,1,2,...,9 (Bar-Natan, 1995). The space of chord diagrams with n chords modulo the one-term and four-term relations we denote by An. The main result of the combinatorial theory of Gauss diagrams and Vassiliev invariants is expressed by Kontsevich's theorem:
Kontsevich's Theorem The vector space Vn/(Vn-1) of nth-order Vassiliev invariants is isomorphic to the space An.
As a result, for every n we can obtain the actuality table An: the list of all independent Gauss diagrams with n chords. As the value of n increases, the calculation of actuality tables demands an enormous computing power.


text: Abstract : This work concerns the representation and approximation of functions on a sphere with applications to source localization inverse problems in geodesy and medical imaging. The thesis is structured in 6 chapters as follows. Chapter 1 presents an introduction to the geodesy and M/EEG inverse problems. The inverse problem (IP) consists in recovering a density inside the ball (Earth, human brain) from partially known data on the surface. Chapter 2 gives the mathematical background used along the thesis. The resolution of the inverse problem (IP) involves the resolution of two steps : the transmission data problem (TP) and the density recovery (DR) problem. In practice, the data are only available on some region of the sphere, as a spherical cap, like the north hemisphere of the head (M/EEG) or continent(geodesy). For this purpose, in Chapter 3, we give an ecient method to build the appropriate Slepian basis on which we express the data. This is set up by using Gauss-Legendre quadrature. The transmission data problem (Chapter 4) consists in estimating the data (spherical harmonic expansion) over the whole sphere from noisy measurements expressed in Slepian basis. The second step, density recovery (DR) problem, is detailed in Chapter 5 where we study three density models (monopolar, dipolar and inclusions). For the resolution of (DR), we use a best quadratic rational approximation method on planar sections. We give also some properties of the density and the operator which links it to the generated potential. In Chapter 6, we study the Chapters 3, 4 ans 5 from numerical point of view. We present some numerical tests to illustrate source localization results for geodesy and M/EEG problems when we dispose of partial data on the sphere.


Can Cats Eat Oysters? - Cat Kingpin
Can Cats Eat Oysters
Can Cats Eat Oysters?
My wife hates them, but I enjoy the occasional raw oyster. However, I have to admit that I don't know if it's actually the oysters I like, or if they are merely a vehicle for the lemon juice and cocktail sauce.
If you happen to be slurping down some oysters while your cat's around, you might be wondering if it would be okay to let them have a bite. As we will see, cooked oysters are okay as an occasional treat, but it's probably better not to give cats raw oysters.
In this article, we'll cover the following:
 - Cats and Oysters, What You Need to Know
 - Can Cats Eat Oysters?
 - Can Kittens Eat Oysters?
 - Benefits/Drawbacks to Cats Eating Oysters
 - Healthy Alternatives to Oysters for Cats
Cats and Oysters, What You Need to Know
Oysters are salt-water, hard-shelled creatures that are consumed as a delicacy by people around the world. Being a mollusk, oysters are part of a large group of invertebrate animals that includes snails, slugs, clams, octopuses, squid, and cuttlefish.
As you might imagine, cats in the wild would rarely come into contact with an oysters. However, as the following video shows, some cats do enjoy oysters given to them by their human companions:
Since cats are meat-eaters, it's not surprising to see one eating oysters. In fact, being obligate carnivores, meat is the only food cats really need to eat and they derive little to no nutrition from plants and vegetables.
But, are oysters a good source of meat for cats? Would they like them?
From a nutritional standpoint, oysters aren't a bad food. One hundred grams of raw oysters contains about 68 Calories, 7 grams of protein, and significant amounts of vitamin B12, vitamin D, iron, zinc, copper, and selenium.
Can Cats Eat Oysters?
While cooked oysters are generally okay to give cats, raw oysters carry some risk of sickness from bacteria and parasites.
It's unlikely your cat would get sick from eating raw oysters, but why take chances with their health? Instead, just stick with providing them with the occasional cooked oysters as a treat.
Can Kittens Eat Oysters?
Because of their immature immune and digestive systems, kittens are susceptible to illness. Bacteria and parasites that could be in raw oysters are even more likely to make a kitten sick than an adult cat.
Make sure any oysters you feed your kitten are cooked first, and don't contain any additives like salt, spices, or horseradish. Even then, it should be given only as on occasional treat and in small quantities.
High-quality, grain-free kitten food has all the nutrients a growing kitten needs. So, it's best to stick with something like Wellness kitten food or else Taste of the Wild kitten food.
Benefits and Drawbacks to Cats Eating Oysters
As we have learned, cooked oysters can provide protein that is required in your cat's diet. However, raw oysters can be contaminated with a bacterium known as Vibrio, which has been identified as a source of human illness.
Vibrio usually only affects people with compromised immune systems. Most commonly associated with eating raw oysters, the bacteria normally causes gastrointestinal symptoms, but in serious cases has resulted in the loss of limbs and even death.
While cats are not known to be affected by Vibrio, it's best to be safe and only give your cat cooked oysters.
Additionally, oysters can contain high levels of the metal cadmium. Cats are particularly sensitive to some types of heavy metal poisoning, so it's best to limit the amount of oysters you give to your cat.
Perhaps most importantly, oysters are a known source of food allergy in humans and might also be for cats. Food allergies are the third most common type of feline allergy, surpassed by only flea bite allergies and sensitivity to inhaled substances.
In cats, food allergies usually manifest themselves as skin reactions. Symptoms of food allergies in cats can include:
 - Sneezing, snoring, coughing, and wheezing
 - Itchy skin, scratching, and chewing
 - Ear infections
 - Runny eyes
 - Vomiting
 - Diarrhea
 - Swollen paws
 - Possible farting
If you do decide to give your cat oysters, make sure you stay alert for any of the above symptoms.
Healthy Alternatives to Oysters
Adult cats are fine to have a little bit of cooked oysters from time to time. But, with all of the great options out there, why not try a seafood-themed cat food? There are also seafood cat treats that can satisfy your cat's craving for oysters.
There's no rush to feed oysters to your cat, however. They don't need it to survive, so any high-quality, meat-based cat food will be great for them, such as Wellness or Taste of the Wild cat foods.
So, can cats eat oysters?
Well, now we know that cats can eat oysters. We also learned you should never feed raw oysters to your cat or kitten because of the bacteria and parasites that might make your cat sick if present.
Most importantly, we saw that there are many safe and healthy seafood cat foods and treats that are great alternatives for your kitty.
If you have any questions or would like to share a story about your cat and oysters, please tell us in the comments below. We'd love to hear from you!
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text:
The snake tablet cracker emits the highest amount of PM2.5 (particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in diameter) amid popular firecrackers, perhaps the first-ever such study has shown. As per the findings of researchers at the Chest Research Foundation (CRF) and Pune University, a snake tablet burns out in only 12 seconds, but produces 64,500 mcg/m3 of PM2.5 in that time, the effects of which last for three minutes. The permissible limit of PM2.5 is just 50 mcg/m3. Particles less than 2.5 microns in diameter can reach deeper portions of the lung, causing more damage.
Watch what else is making news:
Snake tablets were followed by ladis (strings of 1,000 crackers), pulpuls (a kind of colourful fuljhadis), fuljhadis, chakris and anaars in the level of pollutants generated.
It is perhaps the first time that levels of PM2.5 between different firecrackers have been measured and compared, Dr Sundeep Salvi, the director of the CRF, and the main author of the study, said. The findings were presented in September this year at the European Respiratory Society.
"Our aim was to find out which firework used during Diwali produces the most amount of particulate matter air pollution. The experiments were done last year in November-December," said Salvi.
Dr Sneha Limaye, CRF senior scientist who supervised the study, said that if it was known which were the most harmful fireworks in terms of PM2.5, people could be advised to avoid burning them. Children generally burn the fuljhadi, pulpul and snake tablet barely a foot or two away from them, and end up inhaling a large amount of smoke particles.
The researches found that after a snake tablet, ladis with 1,000 crackers created the most harm. These burn for 48 seconds, produce 38,540 mcg/m3 of PM2.5 at their peak, and the pollutants last for six minutes. Of the six popular firecrackers, anaar produced the least pollution.
"We do not know why anaar produces the lowest levels, but it could be because the levels of PM2.5 were measured at a height of 3 feet and a distance of 6 feet (from where one generally watches a lit anaar)… Or there could be better combustion of the firepowder in the anaar than other fireworks," Salvi said.
During the experiment, the six firecrackers were burnt five times each, and individually, in an area simulating the front of a house. They were set off at a distance one would normally maintain. For example, the fuljhadi was lit around 1 feet away, and the ladi and anaar at a distance of 6 feet.
Sufficient time was given after the firecrackers had been lit to measure how long it took for the levels of PM2.5 to subside.
Researchers also pointed out that while in their experiment they burnt the crackers individually, on Diwali day,
there would be many going off simultaneously, causing PM2.5 to reach extremely high levels.
The PM2.5 levels were measured using Thermo PDR 1200, USA, a light-scattering photometer that counts the number of particles and converts them into mass, which are then expressed as mcg/m3. The inbuilt data logger recorded minute-by-minute levels of PM2.5.
Apart from particulate matter, even gaseous pollution is harmful for lungs, eyes, nose and heart.


text:
C-TRAN has used Bus on Shoulder lanes since they were first implemented in Clark County in 2017. The concept allows transit vehicles to use the shoulder of a given corridor to bypass traffic during times of heavy congestion. It creates faster travel times for buses and more reliable transit service for our region's commuters.
There are limitations:
- For a bus to use the shoulder, the overall speed of traffic must be less than 35 mph.
- While using the shoulder, buses are only allowed to go up to 15 mph faster than other traffic, to a maximum speed of 35 mph.
- Priority for shoulder use is always given to emergency vehicles, stalls or breakdowns.
Bus-only shoulder lanes are currently in use on three freeway corridors in the region: State Route 14, Interstate 5 and Interstate 205.
State Route 14
Location: SR 14 between SE 164th Avenue and Interstate 205, Vancouver
Direction: Eastbound and westbound
Primary C-TRAN routes on corridor: 41, 65, 67, 164
Location: I-5 between 99th Street and the Interstate Bridge, Vancouver
Primary C-TRAN routes on corridor: 105, 134, 157, 199
Location: I-205 across the Glenn Jackson Bridge, Vancouver/Portland
Direction: Northbound and southbound
Primary C-TRAN routes on corridor: 65, 67, 164, 177


text: 1. The problem statement, all variables and given/known data Electrons are accelerated through a potential V and then they are suddenly stopped and emit photons. Derive the minimal value that the potential should have in order to produce some X-Ray photons of wavelength 10-10m. 2. Relevant equations E=hc/λ V=(h/e)(f-f0) 3. The attempt at a solution I used E=hc/λ to find the energy of the X ray photons. I found E= 1.989x10-15 = 12431.25 eV Not sure if I needed to do this or what to do next. All help is appreciated. Thank you.


text:
A transonic collisionless model of the solar wind
MetadataShow full item record
Because of the seraicollisional nature of the solar wind, the collisionless or exospheric approach and the hydrodynamic one are both inaccurate. However, the advantage of simplicity makes them useful for enlightening us on some basic mechanisms of solar wind acceleration. Previous exospheric models have been able to reproduce winds that were already nearly supersonic at the exobase, the altitude above which there are no collisions. In order to allow transonic solutions, a lower exobase has to be considered, in which case the protons are experiencing a nonmonotonic potential energy profile. This is done in the present work. In this model, the electron velocity distribution in the corona is assumed to be nonthermal. Parametric results are presented and show that the high acceleration obtained does not depend on the details of the nonthermal distributions. This acceleration seems, therefore, to be a robust result produced by the presence of a sufficient number of suprathermal electrons. A method for improving the exospheric description is also given, which consists of mapping particle orbits in terms of their invariants of motion.
CitationZouganelis, I.; Maksimovic, M.; Meyer-Vernet, N.; Lamy, H.; Issautier, K. (2004). A transonic collisionless model of the solar wind., Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 606, Issue 1, 542-554, DOI: 10.1086/382866.


There are some underlying assumptions extracted from the transportation model:
Availability of the commodity: if the supply of the numerous sources is equal then it is called a balanced problem, and if it is more than the total demand of the destinations then it has to be balanced.
i.e. i=1ʃmai = j=1ʃn bi
 1. Transportation of commodity/terms: the model assumes that the commodities are being transported from the source to the destination very conveniently.
 2. The certainty of per unit transportation cost: obviously there is some transportation cost between the sources and destination.
 3. Independent per cost unit: per cost unit does not depend on the quantity being transported from source to destination.
 4. A number of units being transportedare proportional to the transportation cost of any route.
 5. The objective is to minimise the transportation cost for transporting commodities between two places.
Example 5.1
A car manufacturing company has factories at places A, B and C. the cars have to reach destinations at cities X and Y. the capacity of the factories during the next quarter is 1000, 1500 and 1200 cars. The quarterly demand of the two cities X and Y 2300 and 1400 cars if transported by train then the per car transportation cost per km is Rs. 8.
Here is the chart showing the distance between the factory and destination.
X Y
_PHONE_
_PHONE_
1275 850
Now calculate how many cars should be transported from which factory to which destination to minimise the cost?
Step I:The market distance and the cost of transportation per km are given to us, and that must be converted into costs.
 X Y
A 2000 5380
B 2500 2700
C 2550 1770
Let us assume Xijas the number of cars that are transported from factories to the destination cities. Since the total supply (1000+1500+1200=3700) happens to equal the total demand (2300+1400=3700). Thus the transportation model is balanced.
 X Y Supply
 A X11 X12 1000
Source B X21 X22 1500
 C X31 X32 1200
 Demand 2300 _PHONE_
Step II: minimize the transportation cost between the source and destination
I.e. Z = 2000 X11 + 5380 X12 + 2500 X21 + 2700 X22 + 2550 X31 + 1700 X32
In general, if C is the unit cost of transportation from ith source to jth destination, the objective is
Minimizei=1ʃ mj=1ʃn Cij Xij
Step III. Constraints
(a) Availability or supply of cars
X11 + X12 = 1000 (Source A)
X21 + X22 = 1500 (Source B)
X31 + X32 = 1200 (Source C)
As we have three factories hence there are three constraints.
(b) Demand of cars at the destination
X11 + X21 + X31 = 2300 (Destination center X)
X12 + X22 + X32 = 1400 (Destination center Y)
In this problem there are (m × n) variables i.e. (3 × 2= 6) variables and (m + n) constraints which is (3+2=6).
So from all the above steps it is evident enough that the objective function and constraint equations are linear as a result it can be solved by LPP or simplex method. But 6 variables or even more (in real life) will take a lot of time for the calculations. Therefore a computer aid is required. A point to remember is the simplex method best applicable for maximising the problems, but our motive is minimising the objective function.
Step I: Create a transportation model
Distribution centers
 X Y supply
 A Rs.2000
Factories X11= 1000 Rs= 5380 1000
 B Rs.2500 Rs. 2700
 X21=1300 X22=1400 +1500
 C Rs. 2550 Rs. 1700 +1200
 Demand 2300 +1400 =3700
The above problem is thus balanced and when it is not so then a dummy source is createdto balance the demand and supply.
Step II: finding a basic feasible solution
There are many methods to determine the possible basicmethod. Out of the many methods, 'north-west corner rule' Dantzig is one.
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text:
- Learn what inspired the White House Kitchen Garden and follow its progress from planting to harvest
- See how gardens can help build stronger communities and encourage healthy lifestyles
- A fact-filled and thought-provoking book with colorful photographs that bring the story to life
In American Grown, First Lady Michelle Obama tells the story of what inspired her to plant the White House Kitchen Garden in the spring of 2009, and then documents the garden's progress though the growing season, from designing and planting to tending and harvesting. The author
candidly shares her challenges as a novice gardener, as well as her joy at watching lettuce, tomatoes, collards, sweet potatoes and other crops flourish
on the South Lawn.
As the White House Kitchen Garden grew, so did the national conversation about the way we eat and the impact it has on the health and well-being of
our children. Throughout the book, the author weaves in stories about gardens all across the country, from a WWII-era Victory Garden in Chicago to
urban and school gardens that not only provide nutritious harvests for the gardeners, but also build community, stock food shelves and teach children
important lessons about making healthy life choices. The book also includes loads of helpful tips for home gardeners, plus recipes for making the most
of the harvest.


text:
Flame Ionisation Detectors
The common standard method for measuring organic gas concentration, FID analysers have been used for over 50 years often alongside gas chromatographs. FID analysers work by the pyrolysis of the organic gases in a flame of hydrogen burning at >400˚C in air, producing positively charged ions which induce a current when they hit the negatively charged detector plate. The FID will produce a single measurement of Total Organic Content (TOC) based on the response from the burnt gas.
Often the single value result for organic content is of little use to industrial processes. The FID gives no indication of what species are being measured. For example, a plant operator may only be concerned with chlorinated organic gases passing through the processes, in the presence of other organic species.
Each organic molecule will respond differently to the pyrolysis action in the FID. Some gases such as methane will response very well. Molecules that contain oxidised carbon atoms (C-O bonds) such as alcohols or amines do not respond as well and the FID is not the best technique for speciating out and accurately measuring mixtures of these gases.
Protea can and has provided FID solutions to customers where it is all that is required. However, the availability and analytical power of FTIR analysers has shown many benefits over FID in organic gas measurements. Protea has run a number of studies comparing FID and FTIR in measuring total VOC which shows that for a complete measurement, FTIR is the route to go.
Find out more:
FID Vs. FTIR >


text:
Two New Apps Boost Planting and Harvest Analysis
Nov 15, 2012
To some extent, smartphones are only as smart as the apps they contain. Ag PhD is attempting an IQ boost through the release of two new apps to help farmers more easily analyze planting populations and losses at harvest. The apps, Planting Population Calculator and Harvest Loss Calculator, were created thanks to a Case IH sponsorship and are available for iPhone and Android devices.
"I'm using both of these apps already on my farm, and we feel many other farmers will benefit from them, too," says Brian Hefty, co-host of Ag PhD.
The calculators are pretty straightforward and simple to use. The Harvest Loss Calculator lets you select from soybeans, corn, wheat, sorghum, barley or oats. From there, you count the number of seeds or kernels left on the ground in a square foot. Then, you enter in that number, along with seeds per pound and current crop price, and the app calculates the value of the crop that didn't quite make it into the combine.
"With commodity prices for so many crops at record levels, even the loss of a single bushel per acre over an entire farm can translate to thousands of dollars of lost revenue," Hefty says.
The Planting Population Calculator is another easy-to-use tool. Before planting, farmers can determine optimum in-row spacing between seeds based on row width and desired plant population. After planting, farmers can "ground truth" their results by selecting a row length, counting the number of plants within that distance and entering in their row spacing.
The apps are free and ready for download from the Apple iTunes Store and Google Play.
A screenshot of the Harvest Loss Calculator mobile app.


text:
The Lambton Kent District School Board (LKDSB) commemorates Treaties Recognition Week on November 2-6, joining school boards across the province in promoting education and awareness about treaty rights and treaty relationships between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people in Ontario.
This year, the LKDSB Indigenous Education Team is continuing to focus on increasing awareness and understanding of Wampum Belts and their importance to understanding treaties and treaty relationships in Canada. During Treaties Recognition Week, students and staff will engage in curriculum activities ranging from painting with local Indigenous artist Moses Lunhum to presentations that address how Wampum Belts are used to communicate agreements and provide a mutual understanding of land stewardship and resource sharing.
"As part of an ongoing commitment to supporting Indigenous Education and increasing knowledge and understanding throughout the LKDSB, staff and students will participate in curriculum activities during Treaties Recognition Week to build on staff and students' understanding of Wampum Belts, treaties and treaty relationships in Canada," said Director John Howitt.
The LKDSB recognizes the traditional land of Aamjiwnaang First Nation; Eelŭnaapéewi Lahkéewiit (Delaware Nation), Kettle & Stony Point First Nation; and Walpole Island (Bkejwanong) First Nation. The LKDSB appreciates the ongoing support and partnership of the four First Nations to collectively promote education and mutual understanding of Indigenous histories and perspectives.
For more information about LKDSB's Indigenous Education, visit: _URL_
For additional information contact:
Jane Bryce, Chair of the Board, _PHONE_
John Howitt, Director of Education, _PHONE_, Ext 31297
Helen Lane, Superintendent of Education – Superintendent of Education – Indigenous Education, Leadership and Equity, _PHONE_, Ext. 31263
For reference information contact:
Heather Hughes, Public Relations Officer, _PHONE_, Ext. 31262
October 30, 2020


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I am completely new to regular expressions,and I am trying to create a regular expression in flex for a validation.
Using a regular expression, I am going to validate that the user input does NOT contain any white-space and consists of only characters and digits... starting with digit.
so far i have:
This correctly checks for user input to start with a character followed by a possible digit, but this does not check if there is white space...(in my tests if user input has a space this input will pass through validation - this is not desired) can someone tell me how I can modify this expression to ensure that user input with whitespace is flagged as invalid?
share|improve this question
3 Answers 3
up vote 7 down vote accepted
You'll need to anchor the regex at the start and end of the string:
makes sure that not just a substring but the entire string is matched by the regex.
share|improve this answer
thanks!! the substring explanation helped a lot =) – Rees May 16 '10 at 20:48
Try "^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9]*$".
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In future go with the above link which will be very useful for you.
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text:
Science says that air pockets are what makes a fluffy pancake. So, your major goal is to first obtain these bubbles in the batter, and then, solidify them.
These bubbles are formed from the release of gas, which is the product of adding baking powder to the pancake batter. When activated, baking powder performs its role as a chemical leavening agent, by producing CO2 gas. It is this gas that subsequently forms the bubbles.
The activation of the baking powder occurs in two stages:
- While mixing the ingredients: when you mix your dry and liquid ingredients, chemicals in the baking powder react, causing an initial and slow release of gas.
- When heating the batter: when you pour the batter onto a hot pan, a second, bigger burst of gas occurs.
This is exactly when pancakes get that exquisite fluffiness they are treasured for. The greater the heat, the more powerful is the release of gas.
Tip: you can't make fluffy pancakes with gluten-free flour. Without the elastic property of the gluten, the air pockets won't form in the batter.
As mentioned above, the next important step to getting fluffy pancakes is the solidification of the bubbles. This is also obtained during the heating process.
As soon as the batter hits the hot pan, less time than it takes for the bubbles to pop, the liquid in the batter cooks and turns to steam, the proteins in the egg coagulate, and the CO2 bubbles solidify into a network of air pockets. This produces the airy interior that gives a pancake its fluffy texture.
Keep in mind that the pan has to be hot enough (375 F.) to cause quicker activation of the baking powder, and subsequently, large bubbles and fluffiness.
Here are a few other important tips that'll help you get fluffy pancakes:
- Sugar slows the development of the gluten making the pancake softer, less rubbery, and less elastic. Sugar also aids browning.
- Salt also slows the development of the gluten, but it also produces a firmer dough.
- Fat will shorten the strands of gluten, reducing its elasticity. Therefore, substituting cream for milk would lead to a denser, less fluffy pancake.
- Flip the pancakes as gently as possible to avoid bursting the bubbles and making your pancakes very flat.


text:
Telekinesis is something that everybody wants, but most people say it is impossible. Telekinesis is the art of transferring things with no hands. You simply use your mental state to control the anergy enclosing the thing you wish to use. This info is for novices.
Casting Instructions for 'How to Begin Using Teleknesis'
1: Clear your mind. Some people think that you've got to be thinking of nothing, but that is a misconception. Concentrate on concentrating on the small item,(let's say we use a pencil) and imagine that it is alive.
2: Pick up the pen. Examine it and concentrate on it until you feel like it it is a part of you.
3: Make Psi balls. To make a psi ball, all you will need to do is put your hands together. Press them on each other. Now, keep your eyes open! Imagine that energy is flowing from your core to your palms. Now gather that energy into a ball, and gradually seperate your hands until it's like the energy is in between, and you are holding it, or making it hover. Concentrate on taking energy from sunlight, the wind, the ground, anything around you. Focus till you fell like it is real. Psi balls can be used to control objects around you. Consider throwing it at something tall, like a tree or lamp, and see what happens. Usually nothing will happen if you don't practice for a while.
4: Now that you have mastered Psi balls, make one and use it on the pen as a shield. Imagine making a tunnel from your mind and sight straight to the pen. Block out everything. Take energy from sunlight, the wind, the ground ( like psi balls) and move it to the pencil. Make it clear where you want the pen to move. Up, down, left right. Make sure you are concentrating and focusing. Practice amy take some time, even years, but most people have more mental capacity than that. Don't Overwork yourself. Stop if you feel mentally or physically tired.
5: Meditation: Sit or lie down in a comfotable pose. Think about emotions, things that happened, or just drift off and do not think. This will help with your mental wellbeing and contribut to your telekinesis.


From Eindhoven to Alghero (Sardinia)
Alghero (Sardinia)
Local delicacies in Catalan Italy
The sea is turquoise and the beach is pearly white. Rugged cliffs and small sandy bays change into the green hillside of the inlands. Rosemary, myrtle and wild thyme grow abundantly and spread a wonderful smell. Sardinia has much to offer…
Foreign powers
Because of its strategic location, Sardinia was frequently visited by foreign powers in the course of centuries. Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals and Byzantines made their homes there, followed by settlers from Valencia and Barcelona in the 12th century. They were the ones who founded the city of Alghero. Their influence can still be felt in many ways such as in the language: in this Italian city people speak Catalan.
Narrow alleys
Due to the city's military past, Alghero possesses impressive city walls that nowadays invite you to take a stroll and enjoy the city. In the city centre you can wander through narrow alleys that are connected by picturesque squares. A visit to the Duomo – the cathedral of Santa Maria – is a must: the outside appears 'Pisan' whereas the interior is beautifully baroque. Also take note of the street names, as these reveal the origin of Alghero. Each street carries both an Italian and a Catalan name. Surprisingly, these names often have no connection.
Sheep cheese
Those who enjoy fresh fish will be fully satisfied here. Crayfish is a local delicacy, but the cucina pastorale (shepherd's cuisine) offers something for everyone. In many dishes local ingredients are used, such as salami, pecorino (sheep cheese) and gattò (honey). Accompanied by a strong Sardinian wine, these make for pleasant dining.
Individual character
Alghero has an entirely individual character: you can hear it in the language, you can see it in the monuments and you can taste it in the kitchen. All the more reason to experience this city yourself.
Curious? Click here!


Minytrema Melanops
Smaller River, Swamp
1 - 1 pounds
12" - 20"
Spotted Sucker Game Fish Quality Decent
Spotted Sucker Meal Quality Poor
Spotted Sucker Fly Fishing Quality Very Good
Spotted Sucker
Spotted Sucker
Also Known As: corncob sucker, striped sucker, black sucker, winter sucker, speckled sucker.
Spotted Sucker (Minytrema melanops) Fish Description
The Spotted sucker fish, is also known as the corncob sucker, striped sucker, black sucker, winter sucker, and the speckled sucker.
Spotted suckers can be distinguished from other suckers by a brown-black spot appearing on the base of each scale, giving the impression of several rows being running lengthwise of small dark spots along the sides of its entire body. They have 11-12 soft rays on their dorsal fins, which are slightly concave, and edged black along its free margin. Spotted suckers have 43 or more lateral scales present, and have a poorly developed or no lateral line present. Smaller Spotted suckers have a light tan backside and a dark olive green color when turning into adults. Their venters are usually colored white to cream.
Diet and Size
Spotted suckers primarily predominantly consume organic fragments, and small crustaceans, and other benthic invertebrates, but considered to take only a small portion in their diets.
Spotted suckers can grow at a maximum length of about 19 inches, but on average seen to be around 12 to 18 in. in length. The maximum recorded weight for a Spotted sucker is about 2.6 lbs.
Interesting Facts about Spotted Sucker
 - Spotted suckers are very sensitive to water pollution. Therefore if there's a presence of spotted suckers in a particular stream, it would stand to be a great indicator of the quality of the water.
 - But because of their highly sensitive nature to poor water quality and high turbidity, these species have been wiped out from some Florida streams.
 - These fish have no teeth in their mouths but in their pharynx. This is why they rely on sucking their prey into their mouths to eat.
 - By the age of 3, they have reached sexual maturity and can participate in spawning activity that occurs from late March to early May. They spawn on shallow riffles over rubble or gravel in moderate current.
 - It is quite a common occurrence for several males to court a single female, and this is needed for successful spawning, as females spawn repeatedly. Then finally the semi-adhesive eggs are cast at random and hatch within a 7 to 12 day period.
Fishing Techniques
You may find different types of sucker fish in varying water types, such as lakes, ponds, rivers and streams. Finding cool and clean water would be best when fishing for Spotted sucker fish, especially during springtime, because that is when suckers would migrate upstream to spawn and they tend to be active feeders during their travel.
When angling for the Spotted sucker, you need not anything fancy. A fish tackle on the lighter side would do the trick. Try using a light to medium spinning tackle with a 6 lb. test monofilament line, and use enough weight to keep the rig near the bottom where the Spotted sucker fish feed. Or, as another option, you could try using a ⅛ oz. jig head as an alternative to the plain hook, then adds a slip float or a bobber a few feet above it, just be sure to adjust the distance and keep the bait at the bottom. By using this trick, it would keep your bait moving to make it more attractive to sucker fish when they're feeding in quite shallow waters.
When choosing a bait for the Spotted sucker fish, nightcrawlers are often the common pick as they're the best fit to do its job. You can break them into halves or even thirds to make the bait last a little longer. Other baits you can use, such as red worms, leeches, small crayfish, and minnows. While using live bait is a usual tactic for fishing for Spotted sucker, you can also try fly fishing for them. Some anglers reap success by using wet flies in patterns such as nymph and scud, along with other flies that imitate worms and fish eggs.
Habitat and Distribution
Spotted sucker fish are often observed in varying habitats, such as reservoirs, swamps, springs, small and large streams and rivers. They are best in clean waters with a firm substrate.
They range in wide distribution as they can be found throughout the central and southeastern United States and reach up to southern Canada. They have remained to be a stable population and are still considered to be a relatively common species in the United States, but have declining numbers in places such as Ohio and Kansas.


Tutorials/Redstone computers
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This article examines the design and implementation of computing systems within Minecraft.
Computers facilitate the implementation of ideas which are communicated from humans through programming.
All computer systems have accessible memory and at least one processing unit. During operation, processing units execute instructions stored in the computer's memory.
Most computers are made of redstone, torches, and repeaters leading into sticky pistons or redstone lamps. They are controlled using a series of buttons, levers, pressure plates, etc.
Implementations[επεξεργασία | επεξεργασία κώδικα]
Computers can be used in many ways from creating a smart house or using it to run a whole city. It could also be used in mini games for example it can store info about who has the high score and calculate if it is possible to beat this score. The uses are almost infinite. Please note that redstone computers are extremely slow, even the fastest ones taking seconds to complete one calculation. This means that redstone computers have no practical purpose as their speed is way too slow.
Planning a Redstone computer[επεξεργασία | επεξεργασία κώδικα]
When designing a computer ( Redstone or otherwise ) key design decisions that will affect the organization, size and performance of your prospective computer should be made concretely prior to the construction of specific components.
Some things to consider:
 - Execution model ( The computer's organization of memory relating to program storage and execution )
 - Word-size ( The size of the information blocks which your computer will operate on )
 - Instruction Set ( That set of operations which your computer will execute )
 - Memory Size ( The amount of data able to be stored in memory )
Having a selection decided upon will provide strong guidance during the design of various components in your computer.
Execution Model[επεξεργασία | επεξεργασία κώδικα]
The technique of storing blocks of instructions called programs within memory is what allows computers to perform such a variety of tasks.
The apparatus employed by a computer for storing and retrieving these programs is the computer's Execution Model.
Two of the world's most successful Execution Models, Harvard and von Neumann, run on nearly 100% of the computers available today.
Harvard[επεξεργασία | επεξεργασία κώδικα]
The Harvard architecture physically separates the apparatus for retrieving the instructions which makeup an active program from that of the data access apparatus which the program accesses during execution.
Programs written for computers employing a Harvard architecture may perform up-to 100% faster for tasks which access the main memory bus. Note however that certain memory circuitry is necessarily larger for those who select a Harvard architecture.
von Neumann[επεξεργασία | επεξεργασία κώδικα]
The von Neumann architecture uses a two-step process to execute instructions. First, memory containing the next instruction is loaded, then the new instruction just loaded is allowed to access this same memory as it executes; using a single memory for both program and data facilitates Meta-Programming technology like compilers and Self modifying Code.
The von Neumann architecture was the first proposed model of computation and almost all real-world computers are von Neumann in nature.
Word sizes[επεξεργασία | επεξεργασία κώδικα]
Word-size is a primary factor in a computer's physical size.
In Minecraft, machines from 1-bit all the way up-to 32-bits have been successfully constructed.
Common word-size combinations :
Data Instruction
4 8
8 8
8 16
16 16
Data-Word[επεξεργασία | επεξεργασία κώδικα]
The amount of information a computer can manipulate at any particular time is representative of the computer's Data Word-size.
In Digital Binary, the computer's Data-Word size ( measured in bits ) is equal to the width of or number of channels in the computers main bus.
Data-Words commonly represent integers, or whole numbers encoded as patterns of binary digits.
The maximum sized number representable by a Binary encoded integer is given by 2 ^ Data-Word width in bits - 1.
Some common Integer data sizes are:
Max Representable Number Number of Bits Required
1 ( 2 ^ 1 - 1 ) 1
7 ( 2 ^ 3 - 1 ) 3
15 ( 2 ^ 4 - 1 ) 4
255 ( 2 ^ 8 - 1 ) 8
65535 ( 2 ^ 16 - 1 ) 16
_PHONE_ ( 2 ^ 32 - 1 ) 32
Data-Word size also governs the maximum size of numbers which can be processed by a computer's ALU (Arithmetic and Logic Unit).
Instruction-Word[επεξεργασία | επεξεργασία κώδικα]
The amount of data a computer needs in order to complete one single instruction is representative of a computers Instruction Word-size.
The Instruction-Word size of a computer is generally a multiple of its Data-Word size, This helps minimize memory misalignment while retrieving instructions during program execution.
Designing a Computer[επεξεργασία | επεξεργασία κώδικα]
Instruction-Set-Architecture[επεξεργασία | επεξεργασία κώδικα]
States[επεξεργασία | επεξεργασία κώδικα]
Memory is a set number of bits. In Minecraft, memory usually holds 8 or 16 bits, though 32 bit memory computers have been successfully built before. Each bit is in one of two possible states: on or off. Memory is a series of these ons and offs, which can be used to perform certain tasks.
Symbols[επεξεργασία | επεξεργασία κώδικα]
Real world computers use binary, which is a series of 1s and 0s. "1" means "on" and "0" means "off". In Minecraft, the best representation is redstone dust: having a signal means "1" and no signal means "0". However, depending on how far away the redstone is from the memory storage, it is possible for "0" to be anything from signal strength 0 all the way to 14. You can also design things to make "1" equal anything from signal strength 1 to 15.
Numbers[επεξεργασία | επεξεργασία κώδικα]
Our normal decimal system is a number system in base 10. Binary, the number system within computers, is in base 2. To compare, take a look at 2-digit number. In decimal, the left digit is the 10s digit. In binary, it is the 2s digit. For example in decimal, "10" is read as "ten". In binary, "10" is read as "two". There are two commonly-used methods of converting from decimal to binary:
Highest Bit First: This method requires a bit of intuition. Lets use 42 as an example. We first start by looking for the largest exponential of 2 (e.g. 32 [2^5] or 65536 [2^16]). In this case, its 32. We then subtract that number from the number in question. 42-32=10. Also, the very first bit from the left is a "1". We then step down to the next exponential of 2 and see if it is less than or equal to our current number. For this example, the next one is 16. 16 is not less than 10, so the next bit is "0". We keep doing this until the number reaches 0. Whenever the 2 exponential is less than or equal to the number, subtract them and the next bit is "1". If not, the next bit is "0". To continue our example: 8<10-->10-8=2-->"1" 4>2-->"0" 2=2-->2-2=0-->"1" 1>0-->"0" So our final binary representation of 42 is "101010". Fancy.
Lowest Bit First: This method requires no memorization of 2 exponentials. Instead, it repeatedly divides the number by 2, using the quotient as the next number, and the remainder as the binary bit. Keep in mind, though, that this method writes the binary number from right to left, as opposed to the previous method which wrote it from left to right. Let's reuse our example, 42. 42/2=21 r 0 (right most bit is 0) 21/2=10 r 1 (next bit to the left is 1) 10/2=5 r 0 (next bit to the left is 0) 5/2=2 r 1 (next bit to the left is 1) 2/2=1 r 0 (next bit to the left is 0) 1/2=0 r 1 (next bit to the left is 1)
Quotient is 0, so we stop. This gives us our binary number as "101010". Same as the previous method.
Transitions[επεξεργασία | επεξεργασία κώδικα]
Words[επεξεργασία | επεξεργασία κώδικα]
Instructions[επεξεργασία | επεξεργασία κ


The prefixes hyper-, super-, and ultraseems all has meaning 'transcend' or 'upper class' and can all be translated to '超'. But they have a bit difference, e.g. hypergiant is larger than supergiant; hypersonic is faster than supersonic; superhigh frequency is higher than ultrahigh frequency.
So my question is what is the precise translation of them?
In colloquial English, these words all mean pretty much the same thing (though hyperis used rather infrequently) so using 超 interchangeably shouldn't be much of a concern.
With regard to academic terminology, your best bet is to look up the specific term in question. One easy way to do this is to find the corresponding wikipage in English, and then click 中文 on the sidebar.
For example, in the case of hypergiant vs supergiant, hyperis translated as 特超, while superis translated as 超.
Similarly, for sonic we have hyperas 超高 and superas 超.
Finally, for high frequency, we have superbecoming 超高, and ultrabecoming 特高.
All of the above translations were found using the aforementioned wikipage method. From just these few examples, though, we quickly conclude that there is no single translation of the three prefixes at hand.
In fact, hypersonic and super high frequency both use the same prefix (超高) as do hypergiant and ultra high frequency (特高).
Thus, unfortunately, a precise translation must be done on a case by case basis.
 - Firstly thank you. In addition, I'm considering about the translation about hyperman, superman and ultraman. 'Superman' is already translated to '超人'; 'ultraman' is '奧特曼'. It seems '曼' is the transliteration of'man', '奧特' seems '特神秘'. For 'hyperman', it seems has not been translated currently, but '特超人' seems a proper translation. – Popopo Nov 14 '12 at 10:30
 - "奥特" was almost certainly chosen as a transliteration of ultra. – user2251 Nov 14 '12 at 17:30
The Taiwanese youth love to pair 超 up with adjectives to give a more colloquial, dramatic flavor
超好 = awesome
超级 = super
超累 = dead tired
超无聊 = completely boring, (but also can mean "so lame")
Your Answer


AU Biomaterials Design Lab:Protocols/ADA Activity Assay
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Adenoise Deaminase Kinetic Assay
 - 1) Use 5 ml of 0.1 mM adenosine in phosphate buffer, & 5 ml of 0.1 mM inosine in phosphate buffer (0.05 M potassium phosphate, pH 7.4)
Collect a spectrum of the adenosine, the inosine and the ADA solutions. Find the extinction coefficient of adenonise and inosine at 235 nm and 265 nm.
Which wavelength should you use for this assay?
Determination of Kinetic Parameters
Reagents and Supplies
 - 0.05 M potassium phosphate, pH 7.4
 - adenosine deaminase (your most pure sample)
 - 3 mM adenosine (in KH2PO4 buffer)
2) Level of Adenosine Deaminase to Use in the Kinetic Assays Find the amount of enzyme to use in the kinetic assays by completing the following assays. Prepare 3 ml of assay solutions according to the following table and record the absorbance changes at 235nm. (The volumes of ADA given are typical but you may need to expand the range if your activity is dilute OR dilute your sample in ADA assay buffer if it's highly active.)
Assay Phosphate buffer [mL] Adenosine [mL] ADA solution [µL]
 - It will be necessary to find a suitable volume of your stock enzyme solution that produces a ΔA235/min of 0.02-0.03 under conditions of saturating levels of substrate as found in the above solutions. Construct a graph in your notebook of ΔA/min versus amount of enzyme (µl) used and determine the volume of enzyme to use for the remaining kinetic measurements. You may round the calculated volumes to a convenient volume (e.g., 10, 15, 20, etc. µl).
This graph should demonstrate that the reaction rate is linearly dependent on the level of enzyme at saturating levels of substrate.
3) Km's of Adenosine and 2'-Deoxyadenosine
 - To determine Km and Vm for a particular substrate, the rate (or velocity) of the reaction is measured at various concentrations of the substrate.
(The amount of enzyme and the total volume of the assay solution must be held constant ±2% of the total volume. Note that in part 2 the total volume of the assay solution varied by 35 µl. This change represents less than 2% of the total solution and normal pipetting errors are expected to be about 3% due to multiple additions. Therefore, these small volume changes are within the experimental error and will not make a significant contribution to the total error.)
 - Construct a chart in your notebook of the volumes of each component added to the reaction mixture so that the total volume is 3 ml. Measure the reaction rate with 0.005, 0.010, 0.020, 0.040, 0.080, 0.10, 0.30 ml of adenosine solution. Compare the reaction rates of the 0.1 ml and the 0.3 ml adenosine assays. If these rates are not within 10% of each other, try 0.35 ml of adenosine. A graph of rate (nmol/min) versus [adenosine] (µM) should show that an asymptote is being approached.
 - From the plot of reaction rate versus substrate concentration (µM) estimate the Km for adenosine.
 - With the data from Part 2, construct a graph of velocity (nmol/min) versus [substrate] (in µM) to demonstrate that a saturating level of substrate has been reached. Draw a smooth curve described by the data points. Estimate Vm and Km from this plot. The Vm is the asymptote that is being approached and is read from the y-axis. Extend a horizontal line at the half maximal velocity (Vm/2) and determine the concentration of substrate where the horizontal line intersects your plot.
 - Prepare a graph of 1/velocity versus 1/[adenosine]. This graph can eventually be used to compare to the Vm and Km for ADA /AuNPs kinetics.
For comparison. Suggested table for your notebook: Assay [adenosine] in assay (µM) 1/[adenosine] (1/µM) deltaA/min rate (nmol/min) 1/rate (min/nmol)
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text:
ABSTRACT: The American Academy of Pediatrics called for action for improved screening of mental health issues in the emergency department (ED). We developed the rapid screening tool home, education, activities/peers, drugs/alcohol, suicidality, emotions/behavior, discharge resources (HEADS-ED), which is a modification of "HEADS," a mnemonic widely used to obtain a psychosocial history in adolescents. The reliability and validity of the tool and its potential for use as a screening measure are presented.
ED patients presenting with mental health concerns from March 1 to May 30, 2011 were included. Crisis intervention workers completed the HEADS-ED and the Child and Adolescent Needs and Strengths-Mental Health tool (CANS MH) and patients completed the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Interrater reliability was assessed by using a second HEADS-ED rater for 20% of the sample.
A total of 313 patients were included, mean age was 14.3 (SD 2.63), and there were 182 females (58.1%). Interrater reliability was 0.785 (P <.001). Correlations were computed for each HEADS-ED category and items from the CANS MH and the CDI. Correlations ranged from r = 0.17, P <.05 to r = 0.89, P <.000. The HEADS-ED also predicted psychiatric consult and admission to inpatient psychiatry (sensitivity of 82% and a specificity of 87%; area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of 0.82, P <.01).
The results provide evidence to support the psychometric properties of the HEADS-ED. The study shows promising results for use in ED decision-making for pediatric patients with mental health concerns.
PEDIATRICS 07/2012; 130(2):e321-7. · 4.47 Impact Factor


964. Advance determinations.
The Civil Aviation Authority ('CAA')1 may make a market power determination2 or an operator determination3 based entirely or partly on circumstances that have not arisen at the time the determination is made4. Such a determination may be made only if the CAA considers that the specified circumstances are likely to arise5. The CAA must specify the circumstances in the determination6.
The CAA is not required7 to publish or send a copy of a notice of a determination made in reliance of the above provisions8, or reasons for such a determination, at a time when the circumstances specified in the determination


text:
The Physics Factbook™
Edited by Glenn Elert -- Written by his students
An educational, Fair Use website
topic index | author index | special index
The purpose of this analysis is to determine the evolution of gravity in the Mario video game series as video game hardware increases.
Gravity is force which is responsible for keeping us on the ground. It is also the force that prohibits us from jumping 50 feet in the air. However, in Mario's world, gravity does not quite work that way. Mario is able to jump 5 times his height and fall with accelerations that would be deadly to humans.
We will find Mario's acceleration due to gravity by using the formula
s = s0 + v0t + ½ at2
where s is the distance he falls, s0 is his initial distance, which is 0, v0 is his initial vertical velocity, which is also 0, a is his acceleration due to gravity, and t is the time it takes for him to fall. When we solve this formula for a, we get
a = 2s / t2
First, you must find the time it took Mario to fall from the edge of the ledge to the ground in each game. To do this, we opened each clip in Quicktime movie player, and using the frame by frame option, found the total number of frames it took Mario to fall. We then used the formula:
Time = (Number of Frames) / (Frame Rate)
To find the time of each of Mario's falls. Once we knew the time, we needed to figure out the distance Mario fell in each game. We used a screen shot of Mario next to the ledge he fell from in each game, and found the height of Mario and the ledge in pixels. According to Wikipedia, Mario is "a little over five feet tall.", so we used 5 feet, or 1.524 meters, as Mario's height. We used the formula:
HeightMario[m] / HeightMario[pixels] = Distance[m] / Distance[pixels]
Distance = (HeightMario[m] / HeightMario[pixels]) x Distance[pixels]
Once we had the distance Mario fell in each instance, we were able to use the formula
s = s0 + v0t + ½ at2
to find Mario's acceleration in each game. Mario was in free fall in each case, so this acceleration was equal to gravity. His initial velocity was 0, as was his initial position. Our results in m/s2 as well as in multiples of g are outlined in the table below.
|Height of Mario
|Distance of Fall
|Distance of Fall
|Super Mario Bros.||15||0.5||39||292||11.4||91.28||9.31|
|Super Mario Bros. 2||12||0.4||45||255||8.6||107.95||11|
|Super Mario Bros. 3||15||0.5||35||265||11.5||92.31||9.42|
|Super Mario World||15||0.5||38||193||7.7||61.92||6.32|
|Super Mario 64||10||0.33||86||217||3.8||69.22||7.06|
|Super Mario Sunshine||23||0.77||119||988||12.7||43.05||4.4|
|Super Paper Mario||12||0.4||288||748||4||49.47||5.05|
Finally, we graphed the acceleration due to gravity in each game as the bit rate of the graphics processor increased. Since Super Mario Bros. 1, 2, and 3 were from the same console, we took an average of the three values. Also, the Nintendo Wii never clearly defined its bit rate, but sources say that it is 96 Bits, which is actually less than that of the Nintendo GameCube. As for the other systems, the NES is an 8 Bit system, the SNES is 16 bit, the N64 is 64 Bit, and the GCN is 128 Bit. We set a power fit to this graph, and the result is shown below.
We determined that, generally speaking, the gravity in each Mario game, as game hardware has increased, is getting closer to the true value of gravity on earth of 9.8 m/s2. However, gravity, even on the newest consoles, is still extreme. According to Wikipedia, a typical person can withstand 5 g before losing consciousness, and all but the very latest of Mario games have gravity greater than this. Also, with gravity that great, it is a wonder Mario can perform such feats as leaping almost 5 times his own body height!
The primary source of error in this experiment would be the assumption that Mario is 5 feet tall, and that his height stays constant in each game. In most Mario games, he can become bigger by consuming mushrooms or other powerup objects, and the 5 foot height may be referring to this state. Also, in the 3D Mario games, the camera angle was always angled down, so when measuring the height of Mario and the ledge, this angle caused the measured distance to be different than the actual distance.
Adam Lefky, Artem Gindin -- 2007
External links to this page:
Physics on Film pages in The Physics Factbook™ for 2007
|Another quality webpage by
|home | contact
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text:
SUBLIST 1, Card 7
The word 'involve' dates back to the 14th century. It originally meant 'to roll into' or to 'mix together.' Today the meaning is similar ; it means to include something or be a result of something.
Example of today's usage:
- My new job involves a lot of travel.
- She is involved in a long and nasty court case.
Collocations: When you learn new vocab, make sure that you note collocations too. For this group of words some collocations are:
indication of, indicative of
interpretation of, misinterpretation of
involvement of, involvement with
issue of, issue with
Check the meanings of the words if you don't already know them. Check the meanings of the different forms if they seem to be different. You can check them at Time4english by clicking the words (_URL_
Complete the sentences below with the correct word and the correct form of the word.
1.These days glasses are _______________ checked for hidden cameras as part of the test security. (indicate, individual)
2.Have you had any ______________ yet of whether you were accepted into the program? (indicate, issue)
3.It is believed that the company managers were _______________ in fraudulent activities. (interpret, involve)
4.New driver licences are ______________ for 10 years. (issue, individual)
5.I must have _______________ that because I don't understand. (interpret, involve)
Answers (in the wrong order)
4. issued 2. indication 1. individually 3. involved 5. misinterpreted


text:
When Facebook recently made a significant change to the EdgeRank algorithm that increased the importance of Negative Feedback, we spent time to better understand how it's impacting Pages.
With the launch of our Negative Feedback Analysis feature, we revealed a new metric: Severity Score. There are a variety of different types of Negative Feedback, each type differs in severity. The score weights these types of Negative Feedback to give perspective into how bad the feedback really was.
We believe that the severity of Negative Feedback is as follows:
xbutton > hide > hide all > spam > unlike
We have weighted the Negative Feedback and divided against Total Unique Impressions to give relativity for the number of people who saw it.
Facebook recently made a significant change to the EdgeRank algorithm that increased the importance of Negative Feedback. As a result, understanding Negative Feedback is now an integral component for optimizing EdgeRank, and keeping at bay any negative impact on your content is more important than ever.
Negative Feedback Analyzer enables marketers to quickly understand how Negative Feedback impacts their content, and offers insight on how to avoid future Negative Feedback.
We built Negative Feedback Analyzer to answer a few
- How much Negative Feedback does my content typically receive?
- What is the normal amount of Negative Feedback that Pages in my industry receive?
- How many fans are now unreachable because of prior Negative Feedback?
- How is Paid Media influencing Negative Feedback for my content?
- Which topics are creating Negative Feedback?
- What specific content is receiving Negative Feedback?
- Of the different types of Negative Feedback, what is the severity of my Negative Feedback?
How To Use Negative Feedback Analyzer
On September 20th, it was reported that Facebook made a significant change to EdgeRank. This change resulted in a loss of Organic Reach for a vast majority of Pages. The fallout of this change is still being analyzed and many pages are reporting changes in their optimal content types. EdgeRank Checker decided to look at the data to see if these changes made any impact on the dominance of photos on the news feed.
We're excited to announce our newest tool: Real-Time Monitor for Facebook Analytics! Facebook now updates post level analytics approximately every 5 minutes. We've built a dashboard to monitor the most important metrics, as they happen. This new tool is currently in Beta, which requires you to remain within the tool in order for us to collect the metrics every 5 minutes. We'll be expanding this functionality in the future.
- Monitor all active* posts for the Pages you Admin
- Filter by a variety of metrics: Total Impressions, Unique Impressions, Viral Impressions, Organic Impressions, Paid Impressions, Total Engagement, Clicks, Shares, Likes, Comments, & Virality
All filter options are able to be viewed as Change In Values or Total Values. Change In Values offers a unique perspective to see how your content is currently trending.
Keep an eye on all of your posts' Negative Feedback rating. If an individual post is receiving above average negative feedback, it's imperative to consider deleting the post to reduce potential damage to your average EdgeRank. Removing a Post before it receives substantial Negative Feedback helps your Page maintain the highest possible opportunity for high EdgeRank.
Social Media is renowned for having the potential for "Virality". We are now providing a never before seen real-time analysis of Viral Lift for your content. Examine how Organic, Viral, and Paid Impressions interact with your content to get a better understanding of Viral Lift.
Monitor recent posts' individual performance by examining Engagement, Impressions, Clicks, and Negative Feedback in real-time. This allows the brand manager to quickly identify how each individual post is performing as it happens.


text:
Is there a way to generate an area by connecting points?
I have got 3 lights and I want to connect them and use the resulting shape as a mask.
So I need a filter that connect points and fill the area at least.
As far as I know, there is no way to connect mask points with something by expressions, right?
You can use the Beam effect to create a line to connect two points. Use the following Expression example to connect the Beam's 2D points to the light layer's 3D position property -
LightLayer01 = thisComp.layer("Light1");
Once you have 3 Beam layers linking all three lights, you can fill in the area defined by the 3 Beams with another layer, an Adjustment Layer, and apply the Paint Bucket effect on the Adjustment Layer.
Precomp or nest this comp and use the result as your mask.


Nature has ways of providing us with everything we need to sustain ourselves if modern society fails us. What sources of food would benefit us in the wild? We know we can eat deer, fish, or even squirrels, but can you eat a possum? Furthermore, if we can, what's the best way to prepare it and what other benefits can eating a possum offer us?
Let's find out.
Can Humans Eat Possums?
Yes, humans can eat possums as long you cook them the right way. Otherwise, you may face an issue worse than starvation due to the ailments possums might carry.
You should skin them to check for diseases these creatures might harbor. Otherwise, clean the meat, and you have yourself a decent meal in the forest when you have no other options.
People in New Zealand have eaten brushtail possums ever since their introduction to the country in 1837. These creatures became such a significant threat to the country's environment that citizens were encouraged to kill them. So, some decided that it would be efficient to eat them as well rather than wasting meat.
In the United States, we have the Virginia opossum. Many will also find this same species throughout Canada. However, humans can still eat these possums. As a matter of fact, as a child, Jimmy Carter ate a lot of them.
However, possums serve as an essential mediator in nature. These wild animals control local pests like mice in addition to insects. They also eat nearly anything from rotting fruit, to slugs, to cockroaches. Because they are immune to snake venom and scorpion stings, they are a great natural quality control for these dangers.
Because of this, I only recommend eating possums if you're in a dire situation.
What Does Possum Meat Taste Like?
While some say possums taste like a lamb, others state their taste depends on their food supply at the time.
If you have an opossum whose diet revolves around eggs, fruit, and bugs will have a more pleasant taste than eating one that has survived off of pet food or whatever's in the garbage cans.
If the possum ate garbage before you killed it, the meat's scent would be a dead giveaway. If it did eat trash, it doesn't mean it'll taste like it. The possum would likely have a greasy taste.
When you're in the wild and hunt a possum, you won't run into this problem. Wild possums generally feast on whatever they can find, including animals, plants, seeds, and insects.
Some people like to add garnishes to their possums. If you're in the woods, you likely won't have any on you. However, you can enhance the possum's flavor and transform it into a tastier meal with natural garnishes like wild thyme or rosemary.
Possum meat isn't gamey like other meat you'll find in the wild. It has a fair amount of protein and nutrients to keep you going whenever you don't have anything else to eat. Possum meat is a great source of Protein with around 241% of your daily value in one pound of meat. It also includes Niacin, Vitamin B6, Iron, Phosphorus and Selenium, and provides a high amount of Vitamin B12.
Possum meat is low in sodium, but does contain quite a bit of cholesterol.
What Diseases Can You Get From a Possum?
The primary disease to watch out for when eating possums is tuberculosis (TB). Moreover, opossums potentially carry other diseases they pick up from eating insects like ticks and other parasites, however opossums are generally resistant to many diseases.
You can determine whether a possum has TB by skinning them and observing their groin and underarm glands. If you notice them swelling into large abscesses identical to a golf ball, then the opossum isn't safe to eat.
Fortunately, possums are resistant to rabies. This is because their body temperatures are too low to host the rabies virus. It is also rare that they contract Lyme disease from tick bites. Keep in mind that even if they're drooling and hissing at you, it's just a part of their self-defense arsenal to ward off predators.
How Do You Cook Possum?
To properly cook a possum to avoid eating unclean meat, you'll want to follow these steps:
 - Skin it to see whether they have any diseases and to rid the animal of any lice or fleas.
 - Hang it from a tree, cut its throat, and let its blood drain.
 - Remove its organs and bury them underground to avoid attracting predators.
 - Rinse the opossum meat inside and out.
 - Jab your possum with a giant stick and hover it over a campfire. Hold and rotate once in a while until your opossum's crispy like chicken.
If you're backpacking and have an extra cooking pot, cooking possums can also be achieved by throwing your meat into the pot, fill it with a bit of water, and stew your opossum for about an hour.
It is essential to thoroughly cook the meat. If you eat undercooked meat, you can risk getting sick which could eventually lead to severe consequences in the wild.
When stewing, the possum's fat will mix with the water, making for a tasty possum gravy.
If you happen to have extra spices like pepper in your bag that were intended for recipes before you ran out of food, add it to the crisp or stewed possum. That way, you'll get a little more kick from your meat.
Unfortunately, you're not likely going to have your pressure cooker when in the woods for an exquisite opossum meal. So, you're going to have to eat possums like European settlers.
How Do You Kill a Possum Quickly?
The best way to kill a possum quickly is with a shotgun or pistol to end its life in the most humane way possible. Otherwise, if you don't have a gun on you, opt for trapping it instead.
If there's any intention of eating the possum, do not poison it because that almost guarantees you would ingest the same poison.
If you decide to trap it, these critters are generally unaware of their surroundings and are easy to catch. If you happen to have a cage trap on you, set bait inside the cage. Some bait the possum would go for, like fruit, marshmallows, or cat food—if you happen to have any for some reason.
If there's no cage in your bag, but there is a net, use it to catch the possum if you find it trapped.
There aren't any specific laws in the United States that state opossums are protected. Moreover, there are open seasons for trapping and hunting these animals.
However, some areas forbid you from handling possums yourself. Rangers would kill the possum by using carbon dioxide so research state and local wildlife laws before trapping and hunting possums.
Humans can eat possums under the right circumstances. Ensure you check the critter for tuberculosis before cleaning and cooking it. Otherwise, for the most part, it's safe to eat these creatures. If you decide to kill possums, either trap them or shoot them to end its life quickly.
Whether you're lost in the woods or are running out of food, possums make for an excellent protein source. One that'll also fill your belly and give you enough energy to do whatever you need.
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Online Google Dictionary
trappings 中文解釋 wordnet sense Collocation Usage Collins Definition
Noun (plural)
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trappings, plural;
 1. The outward signs, features, or objects associated with a particular situation, role, or thing
 - - I had the trappings of success
 2. A horse's ornamental harness
 1. furnishing: (usually plural) accessory wearing apparel
 2. Clothing or equipment; that which gives the appearance of something; Ornamental coverings or harnesses for a horse; caparisons
 3. Few carousel animals are plain. The carvers adorned them with fancy saddles, jewels, tassels, and any number of other special carved additions called trappings....