Royal Navy locates, images War of Independence-era wreck
HMS Echo, a survey ship of the class of the same name. Source: MoD/Wikimedia commons
A ship from Britain's Royal Navy recently surveyed the wreck of one of its own vessels, which had sunk over 100 years ago, during the Estonian War of Independence.
HMS Cassandra, a C-Class cruiser, struck a mine off the coast of Saaremaa, while en route to Tallinn, on the night of December 4-5 1918, sinking quickly, with the loss of 11 lives from the 400-strong crew, the Royal Navy says.
The wreck was rediscovered and its presence formally announced over 10 years ago, by the Estonian Navy (Merevägi) and Estonian Maritime Museum (Meremuuseum).
Now, the Devonport-based HMS Echo, a survey vessel, was able to image Cassandra's wreck via multibeam echo sounding, revealing that she came to rest on her starboard side, with about 20 meters of her bow section missing.
HMS Cassandra was laid down during World War One, and commissioned into the Royal Navy in June 1917, in time to see active service in both that war and in the Baltic.
Royal Navy Surveyor P.O. Kirsty Warford said: "Of all the wrecks in the Baltic, I was most interested in HMS Cassandra. It was very sombre to see the images of the wreck appear as Echo sailed over the site where she had sunk, with the ship's company pausing to think of those who perished."
Vessel played role in Estonian independence
Cassandra was part of a Royal Navy force sent to the Baltic region in support of Estonian and Latvian independence and as part of an allied plan to intervene in the Russian Civil War, ongoing at the time.
Imperial Russia had been a British ally during World War One, which ended less than a month before the Cassandra met her demise, though the Bolshevik seizure of power in October 1917 was followed by a peace treaty with Germany, which took Russia out of the war altogether.
Royal Navy action in delivering weapons and supplies, clearing mines and in engaging Red Russian vessels was key in preventing Tallinn from falling to the Bolsheviks, and ultimately Estonia winning the independence it had declared in February 1918, with the signing of the Tartu Peace Treaty nearly two years later.
Two Red Russian destroyers, the Avtroil and the Spartak, were captured by the Royal Navy and handed over to the Estonians, being renamed ENS Lennuk and ENS Vambola (the former was sold to the Peruvian Navy at a later date).
Two other wrecks of Royal Navy ships are also in the vicinity, both minesweepers, HMS Myrtle and HMS Gentian, which both suffered the same fate as Cassandra, on July 15 1919.
HMS Echo had been in the area through the early weeks of this year, and investigated several other wrecks in the vicinity, including MV Wilhelm Gustloff, a German transport ship torpedoed by the Soviet Navy in January 1945 while she was transporting civilians from the former East Prussia. That incident, at an estimated loss of 9,400 lives, is actually the largest loss of life of any ship's sinking in maritime history.
Editor: Andrew Whyte


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Welcome to Vision Montessori in Ashburn where children are provided the opportunity to grow and begin their educational journey. Our teachers have a passion for education and achieve to inspire a love of learning in each child. The goal of our preschool program is to guide and equip our students, from infants through Kindergarten, with an academic foundation, critical thinking skills and the character to flourish. Visit our school and you will see our inviting classrooms carefully prepared to enhance your child's learning experience and why we are much more than just a daycare, child care center or a traditional private school. Learn more about what Vision Montessori can provide for your child.
We offer parents the benefits of an authentic Montessori education at the cost of traditional daycare. We are proud to extend a10% tuition discount to all federal, state, and county employees. Unlike many Montessori schools in area, we follow a year round schedule including offering programs during the summer and providing your family more consistency. During the winter months, we do not follow Loudoun County Public Schools during weather related closings and make every attempt to remain open.
Children 3 - 18 months
Children 18 - 36 months
Children 3 - 5 years
Children 5 - 6 years

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Can you eliminate conflicts of interest at work?
Navigating conflict of interest
Telling a client you have a conflict of interest isn't a licence to then act for your own benefit.
Conflicts of interest arise when there is a friction between professional duties and personal interests. And while the best way to deal with conflicts of interest is to avoid or even eliminate them, that's not always possible.
The Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants provides several examples of the conflicts of interest that can arise in public practice and in business. They include providing audit and other services to the same client, making procurement decisions that will benefit a family member or a friend, and offering advice that is solely guided by the rewards the adviser is likely to receive.
A common response to managing conflicts of interest is disclosure, but does this always solve the problem? The disclosure of an actual or potential conflict of interest should flag that there's a potential for bias or self-interest.
Yet while disclosure should increase a client or employer's awareness of potential bias, research suggests that often it has the opposite effect. Because a disclosure has been made, it may make recipients more trusting instead of being more sceptical about the objectivity of the advice.
"If there are no safeguards, disclosure alone does not eliminate the conflict of interest."
Disclosure may also lead to what is called moral licensing: it provides a licence to act in a self-interested manner because the client or employer knows about the conflict of interest.
So we need to be aware of the likely effects of disclosure:
Clients or employers may think that the person who has disclosed a conflict of interest will not be biased (although there is a lot of evidence to suggest this is often not the case).
Those facing the conflict of interest may feel that they are such good people for making the disclosure that they don't need to consider the very real possibility that they're affected by self-interest.
Importantly, the Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants does not rely only on disclosure; it also has a framework for identifying and dealing with conflicts of interest, and applying the necessary safeguards. If there are no safeguards, disclosure alone does not eliminate the conflict of interest. Disclosure is a consequence of dealing with conflicts rather than the only defence.
We need to seriously consider the potential impact of conflicts of interest in our professional lives. Even good people can be affected by self-interest – consciously but more often unconsciously – and just knowing about it may not be enough to counter its effect.
This article is from the August issue of INTHEBLACK
August 2015
August 2015
Read the August issue


Anna-maya-kosha (anna =food +maya = made of)
The densest of the five koshas (sheaths) is easy for us to understand as it's made of matter as we know it.
"From food creatures are produced: whatsoever creatures dwell on earth.
Moreover, by food they live, and into food they finally pass.
Those who care for this body are nourished by the universe itself."
Taittiriya Upanishad 1000-600 BC
Organic and inorganic matter in the form of food builds our bodies from the earliest cell division, its intake as food maintains our bodies and then, when our physical life is over, molecules and atoms which make the physical body up contribute to the food cycle again.
In our physical yoga practice (asana and vinyasa flow), we take care of Anna-maya-kosha by
 - stretching, strengthening and relaxing muscles and tendons
 - encouraging greater range of movement in the joints
 - massaging and toning the digestive, respiratory, circulatory, reproductive and endocrine systems


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Investigating a link of two different types of food business management to the food safety knowledge, attitudes and practices of food handlers in Beirut, Lebanon
MetadataShow full item record
Although Lebanon has a flourishing traditional and modern food businesses, which are typical both Middle Eastern (ME) and Mediterranean cuisines, knowledge and practice of food safety performance of the food service sector are limited in the whole ME region and lacking in Lebanon. To address this, a survey was conducted in Beirut to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices related to food safety issues of food handlers (n = 80) in food service establishments (n = 50) and to assess the influence of management type on enactment of safe practices on food premises. Our data suggest that while respondents have limited knowledge of some aspects of food safety, substantial gaps in their knowledge and self-reported practices associated with critical temperature of foods and cross contamination remain, therefore posing health risks to consumer health. Food handlers in corporatemanaged food outlets showed a significantly higher awareness on food safe practices. It is concluded that the management type is an integral element of TPB (Theory of Planned Behaviour) that influence food handlers' practices and substantiate the need for more research work on safe food handling in the context of food safety culture framework in food businesses. Our data revealed the critical need for food safety education interventions and technical guidance fostered by synergistic participation of the private and public sector to support food handlers in SME's (small and medium sized enterprises).
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Thursday, April 20, 2017
Barnegat Before Bayocean
When T.B. Potter created Bayocean Park in 1907 (see The Bayocean Story In Brief) he imagined it becoming a Pacific Coast version of Atlantic City. As it turns out, Potter wasn't the first person to be reminded of east coast beaches by the spit.
Photos of Webley and Mary are from the
Tillamook County Pioneer Museum
Webley Hauxhurst was the first white settler on the mainland section of Bayocean Park, now known as Cape Meares. The Dictionary of Oregon History says Webley moved there from Salem with his Yamhill Indian wife Mary (Wat-Tiet ) and their four youngest children in 1867 because it reminded him of Long Island, New York, where he grew up. He filed Homestead Claim # 843. The patent was eventually granted to Mary after Webley died in 1874.
In the fall of 1948, Jack Medcalf, a Salem artist and teacher, who was a native of Tillamook, built a small cabin on Bayocean by himself and lived there through the winter. His writings of that experience are held by the Tillamook County Pioneer Museum. Jack seemed to enjoy listening to Mrs. Mitchell talk about the Bayocean she knew back in 1907. She told him the area was then known as Barnegat, which meant "place of peace" and that "Webley Hauxhurst built his house down near the cape with a view of both the ocean and the bay through the meadows...that it was a large house, sprawling out but two stories. A large fireplace was of rock mortised with clay obtained in the banks of the bay over by Pitcher Point."
Cropped from the survey map published in Cape Meares And Its Sentinel by Clara
M. Fairfield and M. Wayne Jensen, Jr. (2000, Tillamook County Pioneer Museum)
In June 1886, US Army Corps of Engineers Captain Charles F. Powell surveyed the area near Cape Meares in preparation for building the lighthouse. He showed the "Hoxie" house about 3/4 mile north of the cape. This places it at the south edge of Bayocean Park, halfway between today's Bayocean Park Rd. and Pacific Ave about 1000' off the modern dune ridgeline. Perhaps you stand under it as you chase the retreating waves on low tide. Note Henry Sampson's house also shown. It's most likely the smaller house still standing up close to the cape in the photo in my story on the Steinhilber house sliding to the sea in 1899.
A.B.Hallock: OrHi 9824
Oregon Historical Society
Portland builder and civic leader A.B Hallock began visiting the spit just before Webley died (Absolom Hallock papers, Mss 92, Oregon Historical Society), retired there at the end of 1880, and filed Homestead Claim # 2517, which included what would eventually become the heart of Bayocean Park. Hallock built a cabin at the south end of his claim, on the bay side of the spit, just north of what would later be called "Jackson Gap." He reported "Ben Hoxie" herding cattle past his place on a regular basis and seemed fond of Mary who he visited regularly. Journal entries in Mss 92 indicate neighbors were getting their mail at Hallock's cabin by 1890, which he'd pick up for them on occasional trips to Hoquarton (later called Lincoln, finally Tillamook). The June 12, 1891Tillamook Headlight announced: "Capt. Hallock has received his commission as postmaster at Barnegat." On August 27 they reported Barnegat locals paying George Handley (grandson of Daniel Bayley who founded Garibaldi) to deliver the mail each Monday until the U.S. Postal Service established a contract.
Homestead Land Claim map pre-Bayocean, scribbles by author
In Oregon Geographic Names Lewis A. McArthur discredited reports that Hallock had named the post office after a childhood home on New Jersey's Barnegat Bay because he found no mention of this in Hallock's journal. He attributed the naming to Thomas Sutherland who claimed to have dubbed the alcove nearby as Barnegat Bay prior to Hallock's arrival. However, all newspaper referenced to the area called it "the spit" until the post office was established.
When Hallock died in 1892 his duties were transferred to Mrs. Bert Biggs according to McArthur, who noted that she was one of Webley Hauxhurst's daughter. Bigg's Homestead Claim # 3471 surrounded Pitcher Point, explaining why the coordinates provided by and other websites refer to that location. The name of the post office was changed to Bayocean in 1909, but the 1910 Federal Census still used Barnegat to identify the precinct.
To find stories about the earlier use of the spit by Tillamook Indians, and its exploration by earlier white men, see the Index page.


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Date of this Version
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 10, NO. 9, SEPTEMBER 2011
In this paper, performance of cognitive transmission over time-selective flat fading channels is studied under quality of service (QoS) constraints and channel uncertainty. Cognitive secondary users (SUs) are assumed to initially perform channel sensing to detect the activities of the primary users, and then attempt to estimate the channel fading coefficients through training. Energy detection is employed for channel sensing, and different minimum mean-square-error (MMSE) estimation methods are considered for channel estimation. In both channel sensing and estimation, erroneous decisions can be made, and hence, channel uncertainty is not completely eliminated. In this setting, performance is studied and interactions between channel sensing and estimation are investigated.
Following the channel sensing and estimation tasks, SUs engage in data transmission. Transmitter, being unaware of the channel fading coefficients, is assumed to send the data at fixed power and rate levels that depend on the channel sensing results. Under these assumptions, a state-transition model is constructed by considering the reliability of the transmissions, channel sensing decisions and their correctness, and the evolution of primary user activity which is modeled as a two-state Markov process. In the data transmission phase, an average power constraint on the secondary users is considered to limit the interference to the primary users, and statistical limitations on the buffer lengths are imposed to take into account the QoS constraints of the secondary traffic. The maximum throughput under these statistical QoS constraints is identified by finding the effective capacity of the cognitive radio channel. Numerical results are provided for the power and rate policies.


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This paper reports a comparative analysis of education trends in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. Collectively these countries have emerging economies and are known as BRICS. The analysis indicates that the BRICS have shared aspirations but different development trajectories. There are good opportunities for educational progression through knowledge exchange and joint activities. Following an overview of BRICS education systems, major policy issues related to quality and equity are highlighted. BRICS are seeking to sustain and widen the benefits of growth. In this context skills development and TVET are explored. TVET has been identified by all BRICS as a vital ingredient of more inclusive and sustainable development. The paper considers how BRICS are charting new approaches to international development cooperation in education. Due to the varied experiences of individual countries, there are opportunities for BRICS to cooperate in several areas of education. Collaboration could led to enhanced quality of education data, facilitate student mobility, improve the relevance of skills training to the labour market, and deepen the knowledge base on BRICS development cooperation in education.
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Co-Citation and Co-Occurrence: The Ultimate Guide to the Next Evolution in SEO
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When you see "new big thing in SEO" in an article title, you have every right to read with skepticism. SEO is fraught with 'new things,' 'big things,' constant change, too much hype, and a lot of misinformation. Co-citation isn't exactly new, but its latest iteration and the attendant changes that it introduces into the SEO world are a pretty big deal. This article will introduce the topic of co-citation or co-occurrence, and explain some of its ramifications.
Understanding the Terms "Co-citation" and "Co-occurrence"
Before explaining the nitty-gritty of these SEO trends, we need to explain the terms themselves. Co-citation and co-occurrence refer to roughly the same thing. The term co-occurrence is used by some SEOs to describe how keyword phrase association across sites can impact search engine results.
Co-citation more specifically addresses the issue of how sites can affect the ranking of other websites without the presence of an actual link. Based on this understanding, co-occurrence is distinct from co-citation. This article, however, uses the term co-citation to encompass both co-citation and co-occurrence.
What is co-citation?
The big idea of co-citation is rather simple, but you have to wrap your mind around it. Here's how it happens. Website A and Website B both link to Website C and Website D, but Website A and Website B don't link to each other. Nonetheless, Website A and Website B are connected by means of co-citation.
Co-citation Illustration 1
This method of understanding co-citation, however, is simplistic. Co-citation also involves the transitive property, which looks like this.
Co-citation Illustration 2
Co-citation, then, establishes a relationship between two sites, even though there are no links between those two sites. The relationship of co-citation is established by contextual keywords and mutual links. Keep in mind that co-citation relationships are simultaneously happening across vast numbers of similar sites.
But there's more to co-citation than just halo authority via transitive relationships. Perhaps the most surprising aspect of co-citation is that it can elevate a site's rankings without links and even in the absence of actual matched keywords.
What's the big deal about co-citation and co-occurrence?
The reason why co-citation is such a fascinating trend is that it defies customary understanding of SEO best practices.
Here's an example. Let's say that a website is winning in the rankings for "best electric lawnmower." When you visit this high-ranked website, however, you notice that it lacks the keyword "best electric lawnmower" in the title tag, in the meta description, in the anchor text, and maybe even in the content. What's going on? There may be a few keyword synonyms, but no longtail matches, and little in the way of link juice. How in the world does this site rank so high?
The answer is co-citation.
Google associates relevant terms with such websites, even when those sites are devoid of the classic SEO signals. It then awards such sites high ranks based on co-citation markers rather than customary SEO features.
This is not to say that existing SEO practices are dead, nor are they less important. Instead, co-citation is an additional SEO reality of which we must be aware.
Two Important Truths about Co-citation
1. Co-Citation is Fuzzy
The big thing we need to keep in mind is that co-citation resists cut-and-dried explanations of how exactly it works. There is no list of "co-citation best practices," nor are there tools that can effectively measure co-citation. It is inherently immeasurable because of its vague nature and the aggregate algorithmic features that comprise it. Co-citation involves a host of signals that encompass a wide range of SEO features. There are additional fringe factors that bear upon co-citation as a SERP-affecting event, such as:
 - Social media signals
 - Brand and entity association
 - Increasingly effective contextual analysis by search engines
 - Growing influence of keyword proximity factors (linking context) in search engine results
 - Query volume, both for the brand/entity name and on the keyword itself
Every one of the features listed above bear upon SEO in general and upon co-citation specifically.
This simply goes to prove the point that SEO is increasingly becoming something beyond manipulation. More and more, SEO is sliding out of our grasp, and depending upon the power of the algorithms and the impact of millions of searches that people are conducting each day.
2. Co-Citation is a Paradigm Shift
The second truth about co-citation involves its far-reaching implications.
There are two types of SEO professionals — those who use novel tricks and those who employ classic and strategic maneuvers. Those who use the cute tricks will likely see jumps in ranking, but no sustainable value. Successful SEO, on the other hand, endures. Those who use strategic maneuvers play it smart by understanding the algorithm changes and responding accordingly.
What we're seeing in co-citation is a trend deeply rooted within a host of algorithmic components. Thus, co-citation can be considered a sustainable change that affect the way SEO is done for the long term.
What does co-citation mean for the future?
If we're talking about a paradigm shift, what kinds of changes can we or should we expect for the future?
 - Anchor text isn't as important anymore. Rand Fishkin's Whiteboard Friday video on SEO Moz alerted many in the SEO community to the growing trend of co-citation in the Google algorithms. The article contains the prediction, "Anchor text is weakening and may be replaced." While Fishkin's declaration may be an overstatement, he's on to something. As co-citation rises, we may see a concomitant decline of the importance of anchor text.
 - Co-citation does not mean that SEO is dead; it's just changing like always. The "SEO is Dead" group will always be around. In reality, SEO will live on as long there are search engines. SEO is still important, but the customary ways of optimizing may not have the importance they once held. This is nothing new, since SEO is always changing. If a page doesn't have lots of backlinks or other SEO best practices, they may still benefit from the SEO value of co-citation. Co-citation plays into the gradual Google shift away from SEO as a system that can be gamed, and more into a humanized method of returning the most relevant search results. SEO has come a long way since the black-hat keyword-stuffing days. And it's still coming along, meaning that many of the traditional SEO tools we're using now (e.g., anchor text) may be passé in a few years…or less.
 - PR, Reputation Management, and brand building are always a great idea. Although SEO changes, brand awareness will always remain a strong factor. The way it plays out in co-citation is that brand awareness unleashes more mentions of your brand on the Web. As this happens, your site rankings will improve via co-citation. Your personal brand still matters, and it pays to give it due attention. It's virtually impossible to start a co-citation campaign or "co-occurrence effort as a separate SEO strategy. Instead, it makes more sense to start a "brand awareness" campaign with a side-benefit of co-citation.
 - Links are still important. Even though co-citation doesn't depend on links, don't neglect link building strategies as part of your SEO approach. You need lots of links, links from authoritative sites, links from top-tier blogs, etc. In addition to link love, you'll also profit from link-less mentions, a.k.a. co-citations. As one SEO professor put it, "co-citation just means Google is getting smart enough to realize not everyone links, but everyone talks." Such talk is profitable.
Co-citation has not reached its maturity, but now is the time to know about it. This truth won't revolutionize your SEO practice today, but it will have an increasing impact upon search in the future.
Jayson DeMers
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 - Travin Keith
 Great article as always Jayson! I completely agree that this is the direction SEO is going and am looking forward to it. In my opinion, it's one of the great things about SEO, it's always changing for the better, both for Web Marketing companies that aim for substance and for the general population.
 As for the difference between co-citation and co-occurrence, I wouldn't be surprised if someday they'll end up meaning the same thing as they're already quite similar to begin with.
 - Jayson DeMers
 Thanks for the comment, Travin! I agree that eventually we'll probably wrap them both under one umbrella term. My question is, which one will be more popular to use?
 - Travin Keith
 I personally prefer "co-citation" as it uses a term Web Marketers use all the time.


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The spotted ratfish is a chimaera found in the north-eastern Pacific Ocean. Often seen by divers at night in the Pacific Northwest, this cartilaginous fish gets its characteristic name from a pointed rat-like tail. The ratfish lays leathery egg cases on the bottom of muddy or sandy areas, which are often mistaken by divers as something inanimate. While mainly a deep-water species, it occurs at shallower depths in the northern part of its range. The generic name, Hydrolagus, comes from the Greek words meaning water, and hare, The spotted ratfish is common in much of its range, not typically eaten by humans (the flesh is bland with an unpleasant aftertaste), and not commercially caught.
Image Size: 25.5"w X 14.5"h
This image is digitally printed on 1 5/8" thick FSC Birch wood panel with archival inks, and sealed with matte varnish and UV coating. (See detail below)


Does salt water take longer to boil?
In fact, adding salt does the very opposite of making water boil faster. Instead, it makes it take longer for the water to boil! The salt actually increases the boiling point of the water, which is when the tendency for the water to evaporate is greater than the tendency for it to remain a liquid on a molecular level.
Why does salt water take longer to boil?
How long does it take to boil salt water?
If you have collected water from the ocean, boil it for five minutes to kill the microscopic life in the water. Taste the salt water. It is not necessary to drink any of it. You may spit it out after tasting.
How do you speed up boiling water?
Kitchen Tip: How to Boil Water Faster
 3. Only use the amount of water that you really need. …
 4. Cover your pot.
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Does salt water heat faster than freshwater?
The higher the heat capacity the more slowly the water will heat, given the same amount of energy added. The heat capacity of freshwater is 4.182 J/(g K) and the heat capacity of salt water is 3.993 J/(g K). Therefore saltwater will heat up faster than freshwater.
Does water boil faster with sugar?
Salt raises the boiling point of water.
Dissolved solids like salt and sugar will in fact increase the boiling point of water, causing it to come to a boil more slowly, but the effect is minimal (the amounts normally used in cooking effect less than a 1 degree change).
Why does water boil faster with a lid?
Does covering the pot really make water boil faster? When you heat water in an open pot, some of the energy that could be raising the temperature of the liquid escapes with the vapor. Covering the pot prevents water vapor from escaping, enabling the temperature to rise more quickly. …
What happens if you boil salt water?
Thermal distillation involves heat: Boiling water turns it into vapor—leaving the salt behind—that is collected and condensed back into water by cooling it down. The most common type of membrane separation is called reverse osmosis. Seawater is forced through a semipermeable membrane that separates salt from water.
Why is drinking salt water harmful?
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What makes water boil?
When a liquid reaches its boiling point bubbles of gas form in it which rise into the surface and burst into the air. This process is called boiling. If the boiling liquid is heated more strongly the temperature does not rise but the liquid boils more quickly.
Can boiled water go bad?
Can you use hot water to boil?
If you didn't realize this, you're not alone. Hot water systems like tanks and boilers contain metallic parts that corrode as time goes by, contaminating the water. Hot water also dissolves contaminants in pipes faster than cold water. And no, boiling the water does not make those contaminants (like lead) go away.
Should you cover boiling potatoes?
Once boiling, reduce the heat to a bare simmer. Do not cover. (Covering changes the environment in the pot and can make the potatoes turn mushy.) The potatoes are done when tender.
Should I add salt to my water?
While drinking salt water may be better at hydrating you than drinking normal water, it still falls short of optimal hydration. Some electrolytes aren't present in salt water. In fact, by drinking salt water you're only replenishing sodium chloride, and not any of the other essential electrolytes.
How long does it take for water to boil?
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Mammalian cell death after exposure to radiation after a dose D of radiation often follows the linear-quadratic model.
Create an XY table. Enter radiation doses into X and percent survival into Y. After entering data, click Analyze, choose nonlinear regression, choose the panel of linear-quadratic equations, and choose Linear quadratic: Y is percentage surviving.
X: Dose of radiation
Y: Percentage of cells surviving
A: Coefficient for linear killing
B: Coefficient for quadratic killing


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Definition of Bear grass
1. Noun. Yucca of southern United States having a clump of basal grasslike leaves and a central stalk with a terminal raceme of small whitish flowers.
2. Noun. Yucca of west central United States having a clump of basal grasslike leaves and a central stalk with a terminal raceme of small whitish flowers.
3. Noun. Stemless plant with tufts of grasslike leaves and erect panicle of minute creamy white flowers; southwestern United States and Mexico.
Generic synonyms: Agave, American Aloe, Century Plant
Group relationships: Genus Nolina, Nolina
4. Noun. Plant of western North America having woody rhizomes and tufts of stiff grasslike basal leaves and spikes of creamy white flowers.
Generic synonyms: Liliaceous Plant
Group relationships: Genus Xerophyllum, Xerophyllum
Bear Grass Pictures
Click the following link to bring up a new window with an automated collection of images related to the term: Bear Grass Images
Lexicographical Neighbors of Bear Grass
Literary usage of Bear grass
Below you will find example usage of this term as found in modern and/or classical literature:
1. History of the Discovery and Settlement of the Valley of the Mississippi: By by John Wesley Monette (1848)
"AD 1781 TO 1784. Argument.—Severs Winter of 1780-81.—Scarcity in Kentucky.—Kentucky divided in to three Counties.—Indian Hostilities on Bear-grass Creek...."
2. A Dictionary of English Synonymes and Synonymous Or Parallel Expressions by Richard Soule (1891)
"Spanish-bay une t, bear-grass, Adam's needle. Yule* "• I* Christmas, yule-tide. 2. lemmas, Lammas-tide. Yule-tide,*. Christmas...."
3. Rural Rides by William Cobbett (1853)
"Something, however, depends on the nature of the soil: for it is not all land that will bear grass, fit for hay, perpetually; and, when the land will not do..."
4. A Geographical, Historical, Commercial, and Agricultural View of the United by Daniel Blowe (1820)
"Spruce and hemlock, in the eastern parts of the state, denote a thin, cold soil, which, after much labour in the clearing, will indeed bear grass without..."
5. Rural Rides in the Counties of Surrey, Kent, Sussex, Hants, Berks, Oxford by William Cobbett (1908)
"Something, however, depends on the nature of the soil: for it is not all land that will bear grass, fit for hay, perpetually; and when the land will not do..."

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


A black bear was euthanized after chasing a pet dog and injuring a woman Wednesday morning, a state spokesman confirmed.
Sharon Flannery reported around 7:30 a.m. that a black bear had attempted to attack her small terrier-type dog in her backyard, at 49 Avondale Road in West Hartford, said Dwayne Gardner, of the state Department of Energy and Environmental Protection.
The 200 pound female black bear had entered the yard with her two yearling cubs. The bear continued to chase the dog as it ran toward the house, he said. When Flannery tried to protect her dog and get it inside, she received puncture wounds and scratches from the bear on her lower right leg.
The bear and cubs then fled the yard and climbed a tree in another yard.
Flannery was treated for her wounds at a hospital and released.
The officers from the DEEP's Environmental Conservation Police, wildlife biologists from the agency and West Hartford police found the bear and her cubs, Gardner said.
The animals were all tranquilized and taken to the DEEP's Session Woods Wildlife Management Area where the mother bear was euthanized and as a precaution tested for rabies.
The yearlings were deemed to be old enough to survive on their own and released into another area, Gardner said.
Adam Roberts, of the conservation group Born Free USA, said that the key to avoiding negative encounters with wild animals is to remain alert. "Many people are shocked when they actually encounter a bear, coyote, or other animal, and get angry or frightened when this happens.
"Learning how best to avoid a conflict from the start and to manage any encounter properly can put you at ease and possibly save lives,'' Roberts said. "Keep food out of reach of wildlife and never feed wild animals intentionally or unintentionally."
Black bears are rarely aggressive toward humans, and attacks are exceedingly rare, DEEP wildlife biologists agreed. Black bears are generally shy and avoid contact with people. However, if they regularly find food near houses, they can lose their fear of humans and become a problem.
In the rare instance when a bear appears to exhibit aggressive behavior, residents should contact the DEEP, Gardner said. Bear sightings reported by the public provide valuable information to assist the DEEP Wildlife Division in monitoring the black bear population.
Anyone who observes a black bear in Connecticut is encouraged to report the sighting on the DEEP's website _URL_ or to call the Wildlife Division's Sessions Woods office.


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Locust Grove State Historic Site
The cemeteries of Louisiana are a significant part of the state's history. They tell the story of those who laid the foundation for Louisiana as it exists today. A visit to Locust Grove State Historic Site provides an illustration of the small family cemeteries which were a part of most plantations. Several generations of family members are buried here. Strolling through the historic graves encourages reflection on the courage, determination and dedication of the early settlers in Louisiana.
The small site at Locust Grove, with only 27 plots, represents an era in Louisiana's romantic history. The cemetery is all that remains of what was once Locust Grove Plantation, owned by the family of Jefferson Davis' sister, Anna E. Davis Smith. In the summer of 1835, the future Confederate president brought Sarah Knox Taylor Davis, his wife of only three months, to the plantation for a visit. Both contracted malaria, and Mrs. Davis, the daughter of General Zachary Taylor, died at the age of 21. Her grave is situated among those of the other Davis family members.
Several times a year, special events and programs take place at Locust Grove, such as grave-rubbing demonstrations and instruction, sure to be enjoyed by genealogists and preservationists.
Audubon State Historic Site (South of St. Francisville on LA 965) - The nearly-200-year-old Oakley House is where John James Audubon drew inspiration and sketched many of the birds found in his famous Birds of America. The visitor may tour the house-turned-museum, formal gardens, an outside kitchen building and barns, walk the trails and enjoy a picnic lunch at the large pavilion nearby.
Centenary State Historic Site (East College and Pine Street in Jackson) - This is the former site of Centenary College. Visitors may tour the old West Wing dormitory or a professor's cottage and learn about the history of education in Louisiana. A Confederate cemetery is located on the grounds.
Port Hudson State Historic Site (US 61, 30 minutes north of Baton Rouge) - This 909-acre site encompasses part of the Port Hudson Battlefield Civil War Site. Featured are six miles of hiking trails, one and a half miles of trenches, a museum and interpretive programs. Fort Desperate, a primary Confederate position, is accessible by a concrete walkway and elevated wooden boardwalks.
Rosedown Plantation State Historic Site (In St. Francisville on La. Hwy. 10) - Built during the 1830s, Rosedown had one of the largest private gardens in the U.S. in the 19th century. In addition to the gardens and many original structures, visitors can see many furnishings and items that the Turnbulls themselves brought into the main house.
Tunica Hills Wildlife Management Area (14 miles northwest of St. Francisville on LA 66) - Day-hiking, wildlife viewing, birding and hunting (in season) are featured across 5,231 acres of rugged hills, bluffs and ravines.
Historic Town of St. Francisville (North of Baton Rouge on US 61) - The Historic District includes 140 structures encompassing churches, antebellum homes, townhomes, cemeteries, and dozens of antique and gift shops.
Historic Town of Jackson (North of St. Francisville on LA 10) - The Historic District covers two-thirds of the town and features more than 120 structures including banks, shops, homes, churches and warehouses.
Historic Town of Clinton (North of Baton Rouge via LA 67) - The town is known for its historic architecture, including Lawyers Row, the East Feliciana Parish Courthouse, and charming Victorian and antebellum homes.
Louisiana Scenic Bayou Byway - The Byway in this area takes you through some of the historic Florida parishes in English Louisiana known for the British influence in their architecture and cultural traditions. Follow US 61 and historic LA 10 (once known as the Choctaw Trail) to quaint historic towns, charming bed and breakfasts, country drives, profuse native wildflowers in season, excellent birding, cycling and interesting antique shops.


New York City is building its first underground park
An abandoned trolley terminal on New York's Lower East Side is being transformed into one of the world's first underground parks, called the Lowline. The park's creator, James Ramsey, joins Hari Sreenivasan to talk about the park's cutting edge technology that will bring sunlight underground to help the park flourish.
An abandoned trolly terminal on New York City's Lower East Side is being transformed into one of the world's first underground parks called the Lowline.
The park's creator, James Ramsey, is here to talk about the cutting-edge technology that will bring sunlight underground to help the park flourish.
So, the Lowline, a lot of people in New York, and maybe even other parts of the country, have heard of the High Line, which is this, you know, beautiful elevated set of tracks, and it's New York's, really, newest park.
But by 2020, what is the Lowline?
Well, so the basic premise of the Lowline is that we can use these advanced solar technologies to capture natural sunlight, transport it through the street where we then redistribute it and use that natural sunlight to grow plants and to create a public space in a really crowded area of the city.
Okay, I mean, the basic question is, how do you get sunlight underground?
Yeah, I knew you were gonna ask that.
Let me sort of back up one step.
You know, in a former life, I was a NASA engineer.
Just a peon, but we did some really interesting stuff.
And so the basic premise is taking these sort of laboratory cell optics, scaling them up to architectural scale, and using that to concentrate natural sunlight, to send it through tubes in a super-concentrated form, and then once it lands where you want to put it, you then spread that light back out and use it to grow things.
So, if I'm standing in the Lowline in 2020 -- or I'm standing there in 2020 -- I'm gonna feel like the rays of the sun, these are the actual rays of the sun, are warming my hand?
Well, I mean, yes and no.
It is literally natural sunlight that we're taking from one place and relocating to another place.
However, we're actually taking out all the infrared so we don't, you know, create a death ray or something like that.
And so it's sunlight, but you don't feel the warmth, necessarily.
It's perceptible visually as sunlight and it has all those sort of beneficial qualities, including plant growth and, you know, making people happier.
But it doesn't heat things or burn things.
So, how do you create -- How do you capture and condense the rays down and what kind of tubes do you use to actually get it underground?
Yeah, well, we're working with this amazing Korean company called Sunportal, right?
And we've been developing these systems.
And, effectively, we take a parabolic mirror, a very large one, and use that to focus the sun's rays down and then re-collimate it with another smaller parabolic mirror.
And so you end up with a column of light, like a ray, that's 30 times brighter than the sun.
And then we can sort of send that through tubes and lenses and mirrors and actually deliver, really, anywhere we want.
And when that light gets underground, what is that sunlight going to be on top of?
Just a space where the people walk around or where you said plants are gonna be growing?
Yeah, I mean, I think the light itself, you know, number one, of course, is perfect for growing stuff.
But number two, people like it.
It's good for, you know, well-being, let's say, and human enjoyment.
And you also have a lab component to this that's already up?
Yeah, absolutely.
So, if you're curious as to how that feels, we actually have an active lab that's open to the public right now, actually.
It's at 140 Essex Street.
And it's open on weekends to the general public, so anyone can go down there and see it.
And, you know, if you're curious, you can also have your kids attend with their school groups during the week.
What are the uses of this besides this particular park?
I mean, where else could people need to funnel sunlight?
Well, I mean, I think it has pretty far-reaching implications.
You put it into anything underground, obviously.
Anything with a really deep floor plate.
Anything like a hospital, a jail, a school, et cetera.
I think it would be actually kind of perfect for a moon base, but, you know, that's a little out there.
James Ramsey.
The project's called Lowline.
Thanks so much for joining us.
Thank you.


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Drone quadracopters throw and catch inverted pendulum
Let the spear-throwing killbot FUD commence
Video All those stories you've read lately about drones invading your privacy by photographing you from afar?
Kids' stuff … now that we have the evidence below of drones throwing and catching an inverted pendulum.
That trick has been accomplished by boffins at ETH Zurich's Institute for Dynamic Systems and Control, where a "Flying Machine Arena" exists and is used to train flying 'bots.
The Institute and Arena scored plenty of attention back in 2011 with this video of quadracopters juggling, after a fashion.
Now Masters student Dario Brescianini has taught the drone 'quadracopters an even tougher trick: throwing and catching inverted pendulum, essentially a pole with its centre of mass above its pivot point. Because the inverted pendulum used has two weights on its mid-section, its motion is rather more complex than that of a ball. Teaching a quadracopter to toss and catch one is therefore a rather harder problem.
Here's how the team solved it, according to Robohub:
"First, a state estimator was used to accurately predict the pendulum's motion while in flight. Unlike the ball used in the group's earlier demonstration of quadrocopter juggling, the pendulum's drag properties depend on its orientation. This means, among other things, that a pendulum in free fall will move sideways if oriented at an angle. Since experiments showed that this effect was quite large for the pendulum used, an estimator including a drag model of the pendulum was developed."
"Second, a fast trajectory generator was needed to quickly move the catching quadrocopter to the estimated catching position."
"Third, a learning algorithm was implemented to correct for deviations from the theoretical models for two key events: A first correction term was learnt for the desired catching point of the pendulum. This allowed to capture systematic model errors of the throwing quadrocopter's trajectory and the pendulum's flight. A second correction term was learnt for the catching quadrocopter's position. This allowed to capture systematic model errors of the catching quadrocopter's rapid movement to the catching position."
The results can be seen in the video below, which at 1:34 features a puff of smoke as the flour-filled bag that is the pendulum's rudimentary shock absorber bursts.
The video is undoubtedly impressive, but it is also worth noting that military drones have vast area viewing and target acquisition capabilitie. BAE's "Gorgon Stare", for example, can track multiple objects within a 4KM radius beneath a drone.
But as any modern story story about semi-autonomous flying vehicles has to worry about cheaper models and how they will fill suburbia with privacy invading aerial cameras, we'll do so by imagining a pendulum with a sharp tip and quadracopters capable of identifying a human target at which to lob them.
Were such a rig to be developed, and it doesn't look like a massive stretch given the ingenuity on display, we'd have flying, spear-throwing, killbots to contend with. Which makes even sharks with lasers look kind of lame. ®
Thanks to Jack Clark for the Gorgon tip.


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- n. Plural form of shanty.
"Giant eyes stare from the roofs of tin shanties in Brazil."
"From there you are constantly being whipped forced to live in shanties and pick crops for no pay and no freedom."
"A third of residents live in shanties without sanitation and water."
"The university is gaining widespread recognition for the quality of that education, but thrifty education shoppers have known this since before the days of the GI bill, when veterans lived in shanties where Cassell Coliseum now stands."
"The hide and seek games, the desires to convert a blanket into a tent, the instinct for "shanties" -- which all boys universally manifest -- we are told that these forms of play are but the echo of remote ages when our ancestors sojourned in caves, lived in tents, or dwelt in the mountain fastness."
"The lumbering operations constituted the staple commerce, and the shanties were the winter homes of the greater number of the people."
"Victoria would be called shanties -- huts built of wood and canvas -- some of the larger of them being labelled "Saloon," "Eating-house,"
"One of the shanties was the future hotel of the place, at present, however, affording accommodation to neither man nor beast."
"Lorillard imported Italian and Slovak immigrants to build Tuxedo Park, and he rather thoughtlessly, but true to the period, named the shanties in which they lived "Fifth Avenue," "Broadway," and "Wall Street;" the workers mess hall was "Delmonico's.""
"There was bustle and movement everywhere, shrieking steam-whistles, quay porters with cases on their shoulders, lively "shanties" coming from the prams."
Looking for tweets for shanties.


"Blowing Up" a Girthing Myth
Horses do not hold their breath to avoid girth tightening, but it is still important to take steps to ensure your tack is secure.
You were probably told, in your earliest riding lessons, that a savvy school horse might hold his breath to expand his chest and make it difficult to tighten the girth—and that's why it's important to recheck your cinch before mounting.
A rider tightening a girth
Horses may physically resist the pressure of a tightening girth, but they don't hold their breath to do it.
While that advice is good, the reasoning behind it is not quite right. For one thing, a horse isn't likely to voluntarily hold his breath. But even if he did, the first 10 ribs, which lie directly under the saddle, are relatively immobile, which makes it nearly impossible for a horse to expand the diameter of his girth area through lung power alone.
Click here to learn how to do to a quick tack safety check.
That's not to say that some horses don't "puff up" while they are being saddled. But what is happening is that the horse is tensing his abdominal muscles, an action that expands the width of the chest slightly, allowing the cinch to loosen when he relaxes. The tension may come because the horse is anticipating an unpleasant experience or because the act of tightening the girth causes discomfort, but it's more likely just a natural response to the feeling of having something wrapped around his barrel.
The key to "deflating" a horse's belly is relaxation. First, double-check your tack fit to make sure you are not causing him discomfort when you saddle up. You might need to switch to a different type of girth, such as one lined with fleece.
When you go to tack up, first place the saddle on your horse's back and attach the cinch loosely, so it is secure but not tight, then finish grooming him or picking his hooves. Before you mount, tighten the girth a bit more and walk him around until he relaxes, then check it again. Remember that your weight will push the saddle down on his back, so you may need to tighten the cinch one final time after you mount.


What is a Front Engine Mount and Why is it Important For Your Honda?
If you look around your engine compartment, you'll find four rubber mounts than attach the engine to the chassis. They keep your engine in place, and provide several other important benefits.
How Front Engine Mounts Drastically Improve Your Honda's Ride Quality
When you drive your car, you make a lot of turns and stops. Inertia comes into play a lot (which is why your body involuntarily lurches forward when the car stops or leans to the side when the car makes a turn). Since the engine is so large and heavy, it's not immune to inertia. That's why engine mounts exist.
The car chassis and engine both have brackets designed to hold engine mounts. The engine mounts are then sandwiched between the engine and chassis mounts when the car is assembled. Most engine mounts are made from a soft piece of rubber mated to a steel plate. The rubber absorbs vibration. Some mounts use hydraulic fluid to absorb vibration.
With a good set of OEM engine mounts on your car, your Honda's ride quality is pretty spectacular. More specifically, engine mounts:
 - Reduce noise and vibration
 - Provide smoother drivetrain "feel"
 - Reduce wheel hop on hard acceleration
What Happens When One of Your Front Engine Mounts Fails
While engine mounts don't require any regular maintenance, they will wear out over time. Since many Honda's run several hundred thousand miles or more, it's not uncommon for the engine mounts to wear out on these high mileage cars. Engine mounts start to sag when they wear out, and they lose strength. When one of your engine mounts fails you may run into some serious problems like:
 - Excess noise and vibration: The mounts are supposed to absorb vibration. When a mount fails, more vibration is transmitted to the chassis. You'll feel this and hear it while your driving.
 - Damaged components under the hood: The chassis isn't the only thing your heavy engine could break while shifting around under the hood. If it moves enough, it can bump into other components and possibly damage them.
 - Damaged radiator hoses: Radiator hoses are flexible, but they also are molded to a specific shape to fit between the engine and radiator. When an engine mount fails and sags, the radiators hoses get stretched out of shape. If this goes on long enough, they can tear and leak, causing your car to overheat.
So if you start to experience the symptoms of a bad engine mount, replace them as soon as possible. The good news is you can do it yourself at home.
How to Replace Your Front Engine Mounts at Home
This tutorial is based on 2006-2011 Honda Civics, but you should be able to follow the steps with any other Honda model.
The first thing you need to do is to buy OEM replacement motor mounts. We recommend replacing all four mounts at the same time to prevent further issues.
 - Part No. 50810-S2A-003: For 2000-2009 S2000 models
 - Part No. 50830-SZA-A02: For 2009-2015 Pilot models
 - Part No. 50830-T2F-A01: For 2013-2017 Accord models
 - Part No. 50830-SHJ-305: For 2005-2007 Odyssey models
 - Part No. 50830-TA0-A02: For 2011-2012 Accord and 2012-2015 Crosstour models
When you have your replacement mounts, take the following steps to replace the old ones in your Honda:
 - Support your engine by placing a floor jack and a piece of wood under your oil pan and applying light tension to it.
 - Find the three bolts holding the upper torque rod in place. Unscrew all of them with a 17mm socket. Be careful not to break the A/C line.
 - Gently pull out the upper torque rod.
 - Remove the bolts underneath holding the brace between the engine and one of the engine mounts in place. Apply some rust penetrant if needed. The engine will drop a little bit. Make sure the floor jack is firmly holding the engine up.
 - Locate the bolts on each side of the engine mount. Unscrew these bolts.
 - Remove the engine mount. It should slide out of there, but you may need to wriggle it around a bit to get it out.
 - Install the new engine mount in the reverse order.
 - Repeat with the other engine mounts.


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The Best Advice on Children's Products
Brain Blasters Vocabulary Practice Cards
Brain Blasters cards make vocabulary practice easy and accessible. Real-life questions promote research-based practice. Promotes parent involvement. Double-sided cards add value. Self-checking cards allow individual practice. Fun format engages learners. Set of 40 cards offers plenty of practice and learning skills for over 400 vocabulary words.


Health Bulletin Alternative Health Using Foods Instead of Drugs
Vitamins Lost During Cooking
read more FAQsVitamins Lost During Cooking
On average, how many vitamins and nutrients are lost when spinach is cooked? Is it more than 50% or under?
This may surprise you. Spinach's value is enhanced by cooking. Or rather, the carotenoid in it, lutein, is locked in a fiber and released by cooking. This is similar to other carotenoids, lycopene and carotene. We don't know whether there are any vitamins in spinach. Its principal value is in its lutein, an anti-oxidant found in the eye. It is helpful in preventing macular degeneration, which can lead to blindness.
Website Design and Updates by Monica's Website Design


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Let's look into the mind of the Church on symbols other than candles, water, and incense:
38. If it is the custom in the local community, a pall may be placed over the coffin when it is received at the church. A reminder of the baptismal garment of the deceased, the pall is a sign of the Christian dignity of the person. The use of the pall signifies that all are equal in the eyes of God.
While holy water is designated to be used at the funeral Mass, the pall is optional. In the States, its use is nearly universal. I can't recall a funeral in which is wasn't used.
A Book of the Gospels or a Bible may be placed on the coffin as a sign that Christians live by the word of God and that fidelity to that word leads to eternal life.
This symbol is rare in my experience. Not the explanation given here has nothing to do with the deceased being a priest, deacon, lector, or teacher. If a Bible were used for this, I would expect a sizable, hardcover edition.
A cross may be placed on the coffin as a reminder that the Christian is marked by the cross in baptism and through Jesus' suffering on the cross is brought to the victory of his resurrection.
This symbol is much more common than a Bible. Catholics, even if only by "fashion statement," identify more with the cross than the Bible.
Fresh flowers, used in moderation, can enhance the setting of the funeral rites.
Note the term: moderation.
Only Christian symbols may rest or be placed near the coffin during the funeral liturgy. Any other symbols, for example, national flags, or insignia of associations, have no place in the funeral liturgy (see no. 132).
Rarely have I seen these omissions to be a serious issue for the family and mourners. But the rite seems to cover the major possible symbols. Anyone with experience with other Christian symbols?


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Mineral resource potential map of the Vermilion Cliffs-Paria Canyon instant study area, Coconino County, Arizona, and Kane County, Utah
Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1475-D
- Alfred L. Bush and Michael Lane
In general, the mineral potential of the study area is low; in the past the area has yielded only several hundred tons of uranium ore, and there have been a number of unsuccessful efforts to produce gold.
The generally small uraniferous deposits are in the Chinle Formation, mostly in the basal Shinarump Member, and mostly on the east side of the Paria Plateau. To the south and west, around the plateau, the Shinarump host rock pinches out or is present in only a few places, and the same relationships are likely below the plateau, where the host rocks are deeply buried, from 1,500 to 3,000 ft below the surface. These factors suggest the total uranium-copper-vanadium-silver potential to be very low.
Gold and mercury occur in very low concentrations in the clayey units of the Petrified Forest Member of the Chinle. Gold concentrations are 40 ppb and less, and the gold is present in very fine particles; recovery is very difficult. Overall, the mercury concentrations are so low that no realistic mineral resource potential can be estimated.
Nonmetallic mineral materials of possible value include limestone, flagstone, clay, and gravel, but they are of only local interest. No oil or gas resources are known in the study area. Coal resources within the area are nonexistent, but the Dakota Sandstone does contain coaly beds a few miles to the north.
Water is perhaps the most significant resource needed in the study area. A number of perennial springs support the few local ranchers and tourist facilities. Some ground water would be available below the plateau, but drilling depths would be more than 2,000 ft (600-700 m).
Additional publication details
- Publication type:
- Publication Subtype:
- USGS Numbered Series
- Mineral resource potential map of the Vermilion Cliffs-Paria Canyon instant study area, Coconino County, Arizona, and Kane County, Utah
- Series title:
- Miscellaneous Field Studies Map
- Series number:
- Year Published:
- U.S. Geological Survey
- Report: 11 p.; Plate: 46.25 x 38.48 inches
- United States
- Coconino County, Kane County
- Online Only (Y/N):
- Additional Online Files (Y/N):


11 Trending Words of 2014
[beet] /bit/
to strike violently or forcefully and repeatedly.
to dash against:
rain beating the trees.
to flutter, flap, or rotate in or against:
beating the air with its wings.
to sound, as on a drum:
beating a steady rhythm; to beat a tattoo.
to stir vigorously:
Beat the egg whites well.
to break, forge, or make by blows:
to beat their swords into plowshares.
I'll beat some sense into him.
to make (a path) by repeated treading.
to strike (a person or animal) repeatedly and injuriously:
Some of the hoodlums beat their victims viciously before robbing them.
to overcome in a contest; defeat.
to win over in a race:
We beat the English challenger to Bermuda.
to be superior to:
Making reservations beats waiting in line.
to be incomprehensible to; baffle:
It beats me how he got the job.
It beats me how to get her to understand.
to mitigate or offset the effects of:
He beat him out of hundreds of dollars on that deal.
to escape or avoid (blame or punishment).
to strike repeated blows; pound.
to throb or pulsate:
His heart began to beat faster.
rain beating against the windows.
to resound under blows, as a drum.
to achieve victory in a contest; win:
Which team do you think will beat?
to play, as on a drum.
to scour cover for game.
Physics. to make a beat or beats.
This cream won't beat.
Nautical. to tack to windward by sailing close-hauled.
a stroke or blow.
the sound made by one or more such blows:
the beat of drums.
a throb or pulsation:
a pulse of 60 beats per minute.
the ticking sound made by a clock or watch escapement.
one's assigned or regular path or habitual round:
a policeman's beat.
 1. the audible, visual, or mental marking of the metrical divisions of music.
Wait four beats and then pick up the phone.
 2. Also called newsbeat, run. the particular news source or activity that a reporter is responsible for covering.
a subdivision of a county, as in Mississippi.
(often initial capital letter) Informal. beatnik.
Informal. exhausted; worn out.
Verb phrases
beat about,
 1. to search through; scour:
 2. Nautical. to tack into the wind.
beat back, to force back; compel to withdraw:
to beat back an attacker.
beat down,
 1. to bring into subjection; subdue.
 2. Informal. to persuade (a seller) to lower the price of something:
beat off,
 1. to ward off; repulse:
 We had to beat off clouds of mosquitoes.
 2. Slang: Vulgar. to masturbate.
beat out,
 1. Informal. to defeat; win or be chosen over:
 to beat out the competition.
 2. Carpentry. to cut (a mortise).
 3. to produce hurriedly, especially by writing or typing:
 He beat out a weak grounder to third.
beat up,
 1. Also, beat up on. to strike repeatedly so as to cause painful injury; thrash:
 2. British Informal. to find or gather; scare up:
beat a retreat. retreat (def 12).
beat it, Informal. to depart; go away:
beat the air / wind, to make repeated futile attempts.
beat the rap. rap1 (def 17).
He protested that nonobjective art was off his beat.
on the beat, in the correct rhythm or tempo:
Related forms
beatable, adjective
overbeat, verb, overbeat, overbeaten or overbeat, overbeating.
underbeat, noun
Can be confused
beat, beet (see synonym study at the current entry)
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British Dictionary definitions for beat about
verb beats, beating, beat, beaten, beat
when intr, often foll by against, on, etc. to strike with or as if with a series of violent blows; dash or pound repeatedly (against)
(transitive) to punish by striking; flog
(intransitive) to throb rhythmically; pulsate: her heart beat fast
(cookery) (transitive) sometimes foll by up. to stir or whisk (an ingredient or mixture) vigorously
(transitive) sometimes foll by out. to shape, make thin, or flatten (a piece of metal) by repeated blows
(transitive) (music) to indicate (time) by the motion of one's hand, baton, etc, or by the action of a metronome
when tr, sometimes foll by out. to produce (a sound or signal) by or as if by striking a drum
(transitive; often foll by back, down, off etc) to drive, push, or thrust
(transitive) to form (a path or track) by repeatedly walking or riding over it
(transitive) (slang) to puzzle or baffle: it beats me how he can do that
(intransitive) (physics) (of sounds or electrical signals) to combine and produce a pulsating sound or signal
(intransitive) (nautical) to steer a sailing vessel as close as possible to the direction from which the wind is blowing
(transitive) (slang, mainly US) to cheat or defraud: he beat his brother out of the inheritance
beat about the bush, to avoid the point at issue; prevaricate
beat a retreat, to withdraw or depart in haste
(slang) (often imperative) beat it, to go away
beat one's breast, See breast (sense 10)
(slang) beat someone's brains out, to kill by knocking severely about the head
(informal) beat someone to it, to reach a place or achieve an objective before someone else
(Brit) beat the bounds, (formerly) to define the boundaries of a parish by making a procession around them and hitting the ground with rods
(slang) can you beat it?, can you beat that?, an expression of utter amazement or surprise
a stroke or blow
the sound made by a stroke or blow
a regular sound or stroke; throb
 1. an assigned or habitual round or route, as of a policeman or sentry
 2. (as modifier): beat police officers
 1. pop or rock music characterized by a heavy rhythmic beat
 2. (as modifier): a beat group
(physics) the low regular frequency produced by combining two sounds or electrical signals that have similar frequencies
(horology) the impulse given to the balance wheel by the action of the escapement
(prosody) the accent, stress, or ictus in a metrical foot
(nautical) a course that steers a sailing vessel as close as possible to the direction from which the wind is blowing
 1. the act of scouring for game by beating
 2. the organized scouring of a particular woodland so as to rouse the game in it
 3. the woodland where game is so roused
short for beatnik
(fencing) a sharp tap with one's blade on an opponent's blade to deflect it
(modifier, often capital) of, characterized by, or relating to the Beat Generation: a beat poet, beat philosophy
(postpositive) (slang) totally exhausted
See also beat down, beat up
Derived Forms
beatable, adjective
Word Origin
Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition
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Word Origin and History for beat about
Earlier in music it meant a sort of grace note:
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper
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beat about in Medicine
beat (bēt)
v. beat, beat·en (bēt'n), beat·ing, beats
 1. To strike repeatedly.
 2. To pulsate; throb.
The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary
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beat about in Science
The American Heritage® Science Dictionary
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Slang definitions & phrases for beat about
 1. Very tired; all in, pooped: You have been on the go right around the clock. You look beat (1830s+)
 2. Alienated from the general society and expressing this by a wandering life, the avoidance of work, the advocacy of sexual freedom, the use of narcotics, a distinctive style of dress and grooming, and the adoption of certain aspects of Far Eastern religions: the beat generation/ beat poets (1950s+ Beat talk)
 3. Boring; stupid; lame (1980s+ Teenagers)
: anything I knew that I hadn't told the beat man at the news conference
 1. A loafer; drifter; deadbeat, moocher (mid-1800s+)
 2. News printed or broadcast first, before one's competitors; scoop: The News scored an important beat (1900+ News media)
 3. The area or subject matter that one is assigned to handle: cop on his beat/ a reporter on the courthouse beat (1700s+)
 4. The asi meter of a piece of music, esp the insistent percussive rhythm of some jazz styles and rock and


Folker is a boy name and means people's guard. It is a Norse name and its pronunciation is \f(o)-lker, fol-ker\. Other similar names and variants include: Folke, Volker, Vollker. Folker is not a popular first name for men but a somewhat popular surname or last name for both men and women (#47415 out of 88799).
Discover other Famous boy names that start with f
Folker VIP rank
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Actor masks
Actors named Folker
Movie Director
Directors named Folker
Singers named Folker
Writers named Folker
Famous people named Folker
Here's a list of VIPs named Folker:
 - Folker Bohnet (actor)
Famous actors named Folker and their movies
Folker Bohnet
Folker Bohnet
 - No. of movies: 1
The Bridge
The Bridge
Directed by: Bernhard Wicki
Starring: Folker Bohnet, Fritz Wepper, Michael Hinz, Frank Glaubrecht
Country: United States of America
Discover other Famous actor names that start with letter F
Frequently Asked Questions
Is Folker a popular name?
Over the years Folker was most popular in None. According to the latest US census information Folker ranks _TAG_ while according to Folker ranks #2nd.
Who is a famous person named Folker?
There a several famous people named Folker, for example actor Folker Bohnet.


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This thematic area addresses the critical human resource challenges of the broader South African and African science systems. Working across scientific fields, types of institutions, researcher demographics and time periods, a range of broad research questions are addressed, such as:
Are we producing enough scientists and academics for future science production and the expansion of the science system in South Africa (SA) and on the continent?
Are we transforming the active human-resource base so as to ensure a more inclusive human-resource capability in SA?
What are the trends in the production of postgraduate students (the university pipeline) and how can we optimally model and understand these trends?
What are the migration and mobility trends of African scientists?
Recognising the crucial importance of adequate human resources for economic development in the country, this research theme also considers the challenges of producing enough of the right type of skills needed by South African industry.


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Why Does It Feel So Cold When You Step Out of the Shower?
Waking up is hard, but for some of us, getting out of the shower in the morning is harder. Things are dandy at first: You step into the basin and happily roast under a steamy blanket of hot water. But then you shut off the shower faucet, open the curtain, and whoosh! You're a human popsicle. Why does stepping out from a warm shower make your bathroom feel like Antarctica?
The answer is evaporation. When you step off the bathmat, the water clinging to your skin starts to evaporate. But to change into a gas, that water needs help—namely, it needs heat energy. It acquires that energy by sapping heat from your surroundings. In the case of your morning shower, the evaporating water sucks up heat energy from the droplets that stay clinging to your body. The result? The water on your body cools—and so do you. (The water glistening on your skin isn't the only thing that gets icy. Evaporation also absorbs heat from your skin, making you shiver even more!)
Evaporative cooling may be annoying when you take a wintertime shower, but it's handy during the stifling summer days. It's what makes sweat—your body's cooling mechanism—work. Of course, sweat doesn't always cool you down; it can be useless on a muggy afternoon. The air is so saturated with water that your sweat can't evaporate, leaving you hot and soggy.
Which explains why stepping out of the shower can be such a jolt. The cocoon behind the curtain traps a lot of water vapor, keeping the air in the shower moist and warm. But the air outside the curtain isn't as humid. So when you step out of the shower, you enter an environment primed to make the water on your skin evaporate quickly. Add in the fact that warm water evaporates faster, and your bathroom can feel like an icebox.


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What does EEE mean in AMEX Symbols?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand EEE in the Business field in general and in the AMEX Symbols terminology in particular.
Find a translation for EEE in other languages:
Select another language:
Discuss this EEE abbreviation with the community:
Use the citation below to add this abbreviation to your bibliography:
EEE also stands for:
- Eastern Equine Encephalitis
- Eastern European Empire
- Eerie Elf Ezine
- Effectiveness, Efficiency, and Economy
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering
... and 21 more »


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This resource is no longer available
The Role of Data Integration CRM
Most companies realize the value of collecting customer data, but they're faced with many challenges when trying to analyze and translate that data into actionable insights. To overcome these issues, savvy organizations are combining data mining technology with their CRM efforts - especially online programs.
This e-guide explores the significant role of data integration in electronic customer relationship management (e-CRM) analytics. In the first article, industry experts introduce e-CRM, provide a foundation for their research, propose hypotheses, and present their new framework. In the second article, those experts detail their research methodology, and discuss findings and organizational implications.


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Cited 15 time in
Cited 15 time in
Preparation and characterization of nickel-cobalt alloy nanostructures array fabricated by electrodeposition
- Preparation and characterization of nickel-cobalt alloy nanostructures array fabricated by electrodeposition
- Wang, N[Wang, Ning]; Hang, T[Hang, Tao]; Shanmugam, S[Shanmugam, Sangaraju]; Li, M[Li, Ming]
- DGIST Authors
- Shanmugam, S[Shanmugam, Sangaraju]
- Issue Date
- CrystEngComm, 16(30), 6937-6943
- Article Type
- A series of Ni-Co alloy nanocones arrays were fabricated by means of electrodeposition method without using any template. The alloy nanocones crystallized in the face-centered cubic lattice structure and grew preferentially along <110> directions. The aspect ratio of the alloy cones was found to increase with increasing cobalt content. The chemical potential difference of the solid-liquid interface and the synergistic effect of twinning were proposed to explain this phenomenon. By adjusting the electrodeposition conditions, the morphology and size of the alloy nanocrystal can be modulated. The crystal modifier plays an important role in controlling the step distance and the morphology of the spiral growth layer. These Ni-Co alloy nanocones arrays are expected to have significant potential applications in the fields of catalysis and magnetic storage. This journal is © the Partner Organisations 2014.
- Royal Society of Chemistry
- Related Researcher
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- Energy Science and EngineeringAdvanced Energy Materials Laboratory1. Journal Articles
Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.


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Researchers at Aalto University, Finland have developed a method for producing lithium batteries that is cheaper and more environmentally friendly than previously used methods. This new process has succeeded in replacing the harmful methylpyrrolidone (NMP) solvent, which is traditionally used in the manufacturing of electrodes, with water. Removing this harmful solvent from the production process makes the production of batteries simpler and safer for employees. Production costs of batteries can be decreased by as much as 5 percent. Some of this savings comes from the reduced cost of transporting and recycling harmful chemicals and a lower risk of exposure to employees.
"Improving production methods is important as the use of batteries is rapidly increasing around the world. The increase in electric car use in particular will strongly increase the global demand and production of batteries," says Tanja Kallio, Adjunct professor at Aalto University.
A prerequisite for giving up the harmful solvent used in batteries was changing the binding agent to a water-soluble one. Finding the new binding agent, acrylic S020, was difficult because it not only had to be water-soluble but also chemically, electrochemically and mechanically ideal for this purpose.
Recently, Finnish Aalto University has achieved many significant results in battery research. Earlier this year, researchers found a way to significantly improve the durability of Lithium-ion batteries by covering the electrodes of lithium iron phosphate batteries with extremely thin protective layers, and by increasing the potential of lithium iron phosphate used as a positive electrode by doping.


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Increasing the rated speed of electric rotating machines can be considered as the current main trend in their development. This can achieve a decrease in dimensions of these machines and material savings. In case of very frequently used electric motors and generators with installed permanent magnets in rotors, it is necessary to deal with the issue concerning protection of individual rotor components against influence of centrifugal forces, i.e., mostly by means of various types of bandages.
The most frequent method of banding is solved by means of a tape from twisted glass fibres. However, this method of banding is only suitable for low and medium levels of stresses due to centrifugal forces. Bandages based on carbon or Kevlar fibres are intended for the highest levels of stresses due to centrifugal forces.
- Banding of rotors using a suitable bandage (Polyglas, Kevlar, carbon)
- Protection of rotors using a protecting sleeve


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This lesson has been designed to get students to think about key factors that led to medical breakthroughs during the Industrial period. It is designed for the Pearson Edexcel Spec for Medicine in Britain 1250-Present. It also uses pages from the Hodder textbook, but is easily adaptable if using other textbooks or even other specs. This lesson is designed to go at the end of the unit on industrial medicine, before students complete a test.
Suggested use of lesson
Give students a minute to think and discuss how pizza can help us to explain our thinking in history. They usually give some interesting and funny ideas. I often won't reveal how till later.
**Main Activities **
After introducing the lesson, students get an opportunity to do a little bit of recap. I usually get them in pairs and the first students to name all the individuals and their contributions win a prize.
After recap, I will hand out each student an A5 copy of the baskets in preparation for the tasks on slide 5. Pleas see notes on slide 5 regarding page numbers in Hodder textbook and suggested extra-challenge.
Hand out blank pizza slice to each student and have them label and briefly explain their Pizza. Possible opportunity for students to share and compare their thinking.


text: In Nigeria, religious intolerance between Muslims and Christians continues to increase. Muslim women are among those who have felt the most impact from the resulting religious prejudice, intolerance, and discrimination, especially in their workplaces. While many studies have been conducted to investigate the myriads of challenges facing women in general and Muslim women in particular, little research has been done on the challenges they face in their workplaces. This study intends to fill this gap by studying Female Muslim Medical Practitioners (FMMP) at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria. Purposive and snowball samplings were used to select seventy research participants. Face-to-face and in-depth individual interviews, which lasted between 30 minutes and three hours each, were used to collect data for the study, in which relevant statistical tests were used for data analysis. The study reveals that FMMPs in the hospital encounter several challenges, such as donning the hijab (the Muslim headscarf), performing daily prayers (salat), and employment opportunities. There is also evidence of high-level discrimination in the workplace. Finally, the study recommends that the management of UCH enhance its practice and policies regarding religious tolerance, equality, fairness, unity, and cooperation amongst its administrative staff and personnel.


Insurance News
November 27, 2015
What Road Salt Does to Your Car
what road salt does to cars
Yet there are some definite downsides to road salt when it comes to your car. Read on to learn exactly how road salt works—and what road salt does to your car.
How road salt works
Salt—a.k.a. sodium chloride in scientific terms—lowers the melting point of water. So while water normally freezes at 32 degrees Fahrenheit, water needs colder temperatures in order to freeze when it's exposed to salt. The more salt you add, the lower the temperature needed to freeze water is.
The water that results after salt is applied to ice is known as "brine." This water needs a temperature lower than 32 degrees Fahrenheit in order to freeze. If there's a lot of snow and ice on a road, the brine will seep into the bottom layers, breaking the bond between the ice and the road. The remaining snow and ice will then float along the top of the brine, making it easy for any passing traffic to break it up for good.
What road salt does to your car
Salt creates chemical reactions that can corrode your car. This is especially true if you have any exposed metal on your car.
So what's a motorist to do? Fortunately, there are some tried-and-true ways to help protect your car from road salt damage.
 - Have any scrapes, chips or rust spots repaired before the first snow falls.
 - Refrain from driving behind trucks spreading ice or brine.
 - Give an older car some extra TLC. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration says that cars are especially susceptible to corrosion after being exposed to road salt for eight years or more.
 - When spring arrives, consider a thorough exterior detailing job. (Also consider taking other steps to help your car recover from winter.)
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text: The pressure-metering system of the improved depth gauge mechanism is housed in a pressure converter on the left-hand side of the case. Through the pressure converter, water pressure acts on a spring membrane and pushes a shaft towards the interior of the case. This movement is transmitted through a system of levers and moves the gauge's two indicators at the centre of the watch. While the blue current depth indicator moves to show current dive depth, the red maximum depth indicator remains at the maximum depth attained in the course of the dive, prevented by a pawl from returning to its original position. The maximum depth indicator can be reset to zero by pressing a push-button.


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If you're planning any sort of commercial demolition or renovation project within the state of Wisconsin, state law requires you to follow four steps to protect the public from asbestos exposure: inspection, notification, removal, and disposal. Permit exemption review and compliance inspection fees range from $135 to $1,350 and are calculated mainly depending on the size of the project.
The owner or operator must use a licensed inspector to thoroughly inspect the affected area or part of the area where demolition/renovation will occur, to check for the presence of asbestos.
Any demolition project that contains any material that contains asbestos, regardless of how small the amount, is subject to state regulations outlined in Chapter NR 447, Wisconsin Administrative Code.
Under the state regulations, you must:
Provide written notice of intent to demolish or renovate, either through the U.S. Postal Service, a commercial delivery service, or by hand. The notice must be delivered at least 10 working days before any removal work begins, and at least 10 working days before the end of the calendar year preceding the year for which notice is being given. It should be given as early as possible, but no later than the following day if the operation is an emergency demolition.
The notice must include the following information:
- Whether the notice is an original or a revised notification
- The name, address, and phone number for the owner and the removal contractor owner
- Whether it's a demolition or renovation
- Description of the facility or the affected part of the facility, including the square footage, number of floors, age, and present use
- Procedures and analytical methods to detect the asbestos.
The facility must be subject to federal asbestos NESHAP regulations, as well.
Examples of these facilities include, but are not limited to:
- Multi-family units with four or fewer dwellings created as part of a Wisconsin Department of Transportation road project
- Indoor malls
- Amusement Parks
- Parking garages
A single, isolated residential structure with four or fewer dwellings is exempt, unless the project involves more than one single structure, or where the structure is part of a larger planned demolition project.
You must need to remove at least:
- 260 linear feet of pipe insulation;
- 160 square feet, or 5,580 square feet of total area, of asphalt roofing removed with a roofing saw; or
- 35 cubic feet off of facility components (you should only use this measurement if you are unable to determine how much asbestos is on a component, such as the floor, ceiling, or pipes.)
Contractors are required to wet the asbestos-containing material to prevent visible emissions of fibers. Simply not seeing fibers is not enough to determine the material is wet enough. If wetting the material would substantially damage equipment, this is not required, so long as the owner can provide a sufficient explanation. In situations where wetting is not possible, an exhaust/ventilation and collection system will be required to collect the particulate, and should not show any visible emissions. Written approval from the state must be obtained before the contractor begins the project.
All asbestos containing material must remain wet enough while it is collected, contained, and treated for disposal and transported. It must be stored in air-tight containers to prevent leakage. Any materials too large to fit in a container without breaking it down further can be wrapped in an air-tight wrap.
As soon as possible after collection, the material should be taken to a state-approved waste disposal site. Any materials that contain at least 1% asbestos, regardless of size or original source are subject to this requirement.
Disposal within the city of Milwaukee, depending on the amount, may also require a city permit.
Failure to comply with these regulations represents a public health hazard, and places the owner at risk for citations. Citations can range from $500 to $5,000 per violation. Repeat offenses within five years are grounds for double penalties.
If you have any questions or you'd like to avoid the asbestos hassle all-together, contact Wing Three asbestos removal services. We handle any size residential or commercial asbestos removal job.


what does strtok return?
This is a discussion on what does strtok return? within the C++ Programming forums, part of the General Programming Boards category; What does strtok return when it finds "nothing" between two delimiters? (It seams that it is not NULL). I need...
 1. #1
 Registered User
 Join Date
 Sep 2002
 what does strtok return?
 I need to insert a character between two deliniters, but cannot find any if-condition for this case.
 Thank you.
 2. #2
 Skunkmeister Stoned_Coder's Avatar
 Join Date
 Aug 2001
 if strtok() finds nothing that generally means that the 2 delim chars occupy consecutive memory locations. Read up to first delim and place in an array or something. Then strcat() what you want onto the end. Then finally strcat() again onto that the end of the original string. Always make sure your destination array is big enough to cope with the 2 strcat operations without overflowing.
 Simple to do with the funcs in string.h and/or pointers.
 3. #3
 Registered User
 Join Date
 Nov 2001
 strtok() should return NULL if it does not find the key in a string.
 4. #4
 Registered User
 Join Date
 Sep 2002
 This is what I already know :
 strtok() returns a pointer to a string that includes the delimiter AND replaces the delimiter by NULL.
 That means: in case there are two delimiters in a row (like ;;) strtok() should return NULL. In fact it only does so at the input-string's end!
 /* strtok example */
 _TAG_
 _TAG_
 int main ()
 char str[] ="S1;;;;0;;1;;;";
 char * pch;
 cout << "Splitting string in tokens:" << endl;
 pch = strtok (str,";");
 while (pch!= NULL)
 cout << pch << " ";
 pch = strtok (NULL, ";");
 return 0;
 The Output looks like this: S1 0 1
 If strtok() had returned NULL when it found two ';' in a row, "0 1" would be missing.
 I need to fill in 0 between each ';'.
 The output has to look like: S1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
 @ Stoned_Coder:
 Surely I can append any string at EACH token I get with strcat(). But how do I append only at the tokens with "nothing" in it? I only see that my output will look like this which is not what I want:
 S10 0 0 0 00 0 10 0 0
 Did I get it wrong?
 Thank You.
 Last edited by Zwen; 09-29-2002 at 01:40 PM.
 5. #5
 Banned master5001's Avatar
 Join Date
 Aug 2001
 Visalia, CA, USA
 This is just one of the many reasons I have strtok(). However, as much as I hate strtok() you can work with it. You should always do some sort of preprocessing of text that you are tokenizing. You should count the number of delimeters and get take care of crap like two consecutive delimeters.
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What Happens If You Have A Criminal Conviction?
March 17, 2023
A criminal conviction can have severe and long-lasting consequences. It can affect your personal and professional life and limit your opportunities in many ways. If you are facing criminal charges or have been convicted of a crime, it is important to understand the implications and your options.
In the state of New Jersey, a criminal conviction can result in fines, imprisonment, probation, and other penalties. The severity of the punishment depends on the type and severity of the crime, as well as the defendant's criminal history and other factors.
Some of the consequences of a criminal conviction include:
- Employment Restrictions: A criminal conviction can make it difficult to find a job or advance in your career. Many employers conduct background checks, and a criminal record can disqualify you from certain jobs.
- Housing Restrictions: A criminal conviction can also affect your ability to find suitable housing. Landlords may deny your rental application if you have a criminal record, and you may have to live in a less desirable neighborhood or pay higher rent.
- Professional Licenses: Certain professions require a license or certification from the state, and a criminal conviction can result in the loss or suspension of these licenses. This can affect your ability to work in your chosen field and earn a living.
- Immigration Consequences: If you are not a U.S. citizen, a criminal conviction can affect your immigration status and potentially lead to deportation.
- Voting Rights: In New Jersey, individuals convicted of a felony lose their right to vote while they are serving their sentence, including any probation or parole.
Contact The Law Office of John B. Brennan Today For a Free Consultation About Your Criminal Defense Case in New Jersey
If you are facing criminal charges or have been convicted of a crime, it is important to speak with an experienced criminal defense attorney. Whether you're facing charges for a DUI, a drug crime, or another type of offense, we're here to help. At the Law Office of John B. Brennan, we believe that everyone deserves a strong defense. We know how complicated the criminal justice system in New Jersey is and have a history of successfully defending our clients' rights. We understand the challenges you may be facing and will work tirelessly to protect your rights and achieve the best possible outcome for your case. Contact us today to schedule a free consultation and learn how we can help you.


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loose2 [transitive] literary
to make something unpleasant begin:
And now the anger Maggie had feared was loosed.
to make something loose or to untie someone or something, especially an animal
to fire an arrow, a bullet from a gun etc
loose something on/upon somebody/somethingphrasal verb
to allow something dangerous or harmful to begin to affect a situation or other people:
the evils loosed upon humanity in World War II


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The ownership paradox : the politics of development cooperation with Bolivia and Ghana
Since 1999, multiand bilateral donor agencies have based their development cooperation with heavily indebted poor countries on the elaboration of poverty reduction strategy papers that should be 'country-owned'. This thesis explores this concept of ownership and analyses the power relationships between aid donors and recipient governments involved in efforts to promote ownership. It employs a political sociology perspective and draws on institutional theories and theories of organisational change to argue that ownership is a normative, not an analytical concept. Using the two 'model recipient' case studies of Bolivia and Ghana, it analyses two different tools of development cooperation: direct budget support mechanisms and the fostering of civil society participation in national policy-making. It places these two cooperation tools in their socio-political context to investigate in how far informal political processes represent factors that determine national politics, and ultimately the likelihood of success of political reform. The empirical research is centred around 140 qualitative semi-structured interviews with donor agency, governments and civil society representatives in both countries. The dominance of ownership questions in current development debates are explained with reference to the historical evolution of development cooperation, particularly the structural adjustment programmes of the 1980s and the criticisms and revisions they evoked. The author argues that two different types of ownership should be distinguished: 'government' and 'national' ownership. The thesis demonstrates that direct budget support mechanisms are intended to foster government ownership, while the promotion of civil society participation is aimed at fostering national ownership. Donors' attempt to foster ownership of formalised reform agendas is an almost impossible task because informal political processes largely shape the realm of national politics at the state level and determine the type and degree of societal participation in national policy-making. The thesis concludes by suggesting that international donors, pursuing these policies, risk destabilising representative democratic systems of recipient countries in undesirable ways.


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Instructor: Chenchen Lu, March II
Max Enrollment: 15
Date/Time: Jan 5,7,9,12, and 14/10:30 a.m. – 12:00 p.m.
Location: Gund 318
Description: This Course is going to explore the secret world of Chinese master carpenters who have created one of the most sophisticated timber structure systems in the world. We are going to analyze Chinese architecture from a carpenter\'s point of view. By understanding the traditional carpenter\'s design method and construction logic, we could unravel the mystery of these complex timber structures.
Besides that, we will get a direct experience of Chinese carpentry by operating on models of traditional joints and brackets (prepared by the instructor). And some Chinese traditional carpentry tools will be exhibited and demonstrated in class. Furthermore a set of documentaries made by the instructor in southern China will be presented in the class to show how traditional carpenters think, draw, work and live.
(The introduction part has been posted on Youtube: _URL_
Finally, we will discuss the strengths and weaknesses in this system and what it offers to contemporary designers.
The topics of this course will include:
1.) a brief history of Chinese traditional architecture
2.) wood and its culture in China
3.) a master carpenter\'s tools and design method
4.) hierarchy and logic of a Chinese timber structure
5.) construction method of a Chinese timber structure
6.) wood joints and brackets system
7.) curved roof and its construction
8.) reading and rethinking Yinzao Fashi《營造法式》 (an ancient technical treatise on architecture and craftsmanship by Lijie (A.D.1065–1110))
9.) case study: Foguang Si Templ, Shanxi Province, China五台山佛光寺大殿(built in 857 AD)
Cost/Materials: $10 for prefabricated model components