SANS: New exam program about more secure code
The SANS Institute Monday unveiled the Software Security Institute, a new exam program designed to ensure that...
software programmers demonstrate better security scruples when writing code.
A coalition of technology users and vendors organized by the SANS Institute billed it as the first skills assessment and certification examinations for programming professionals to test their secure coding skills, find gaps and, if they choose, gain GIAC Secure Software Programmer (GSSP) status. Allan Paller, research director at the SANS Institute, said the exams are necessary because programmers were never taught about secure coding.
"It isn't covered in college and it isn't covered in professional development, so they are flying blind," Paller said in an interview conducted by email. Furthermore, he said, many code writers have been craving a program like this. "What surprised us is that the programmers want to know what they don't know," he said. "They are not even a little defensive" about this.
There will be four examinations, each covering a specific programming language suite -- C/C++, Java/J2EE, Perl/PHP _URL_. They are designed to "enable reliable measurements of technical proficiency and expertise in identifying and correcting the common programming errors that lead to security vulnerabilities," SANS said in a statement. The exams will be administered in August in Washington DC on a pilot basis, and will then be rolled out globally.
SANS said the program is designed to:
 - Allow employers to rate their programmers on security skills so they can be confident that every project has at least one "security master" and all of their programmers understand the common errors and how to avoid them.
 - Allow programmers to identify their gaps in secure programming knowledge in the language they use and target education to fill those gaps.
 - Allow employers to evaluate job candidates and potential consultants on their secure programming skills and knowledge.
 - Provide incentive for universities to include secure coding in required computer science, engineering, and programming courses.
Secure coding skills have grown in demand in recent years, as criminals increasingly target weaknesses in applications to rob computer systems of critical data, Paller said, adding, "With the right skills, programmers can reduce the risk of losses caused by cyber attacks, and the certification will allow security-aware programmers to stand out in an increasingly competitive marketplace."
Most of these vulnerabilities could be found very easily, using techniques that require very little expertise.
Steve Christey
EditorMITRE Corp.'s CVE program
The institute will begin with a Washington, DC-based pilot test in the summer and proceed with a global rollout later in 2007. Eventually, any candidate seeking certification will be able to sit for the certification exams at testing sites around the world (generally at colleges or universities) on specific dates three times a year. Secure Programming Enterprise Partners, companies and government agencies with large numbers of programmers, will have access to enterprise versions of the exams they can use any time for employees, job candidates or consultants.
Meanwhile, SANS said in its statement, "any programmer who wants to take a self assessment version of the exams to know where he or she stands may do so online at any time."
Steve Christey, editor of MITRE Corp.'s CVE program, which monitors all security vulnerabilities on behalf of the federal government, said in the statement that the exam program is long overdue.
"After reviewing more than 7,000 vulnerabilities in 2006 alone, one thing becomes crystal clear: Most of these vulnerabilities could be found very easily, using techniques that require very little expertise," he said. "In my CVE work, I regularly interact with vendors who are surprised to hear of vulnerabilities in their products. They react with the classic stages of shock, denial, anger, bargaining, and finally, acceptance."
Those who pass the exams at the foundation level will earn the GIAC Secure Software Programmer (GSSP) certification, SANS said. A designation will follow the letters reflecting the language in which the certification was earned. For example, a programmer who passes the Java exam would receive the GSSP-J designation.
Paller said the proctored certification exam will cost $400. The online assessment that large companies will use will cost less.
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Caplan Foundation for Early Childhood: Early Childhood Grants
Deadline: Letter of Intent Due September 30, 2022
Category: Children; Development; Education; Nutrition,
The Caplan Foundation for Early Childhood supports promising research and development projects that appear likely to improve the welfare of young children, from infancy through 7 years, in the United States. Welfare is broadly defined to include physical and mental health, safety, nutrition, education, play, familial support, acculturation, societal integration and childcare.
Grants are only made if a successful project outcome will likely be of significant interest to other professionals, within the grantee's field of endeavor, and would have a direct benefit and potential national application. The Foundation's goal is to provide seed money to implement those imaginative proposals that exhibit the greatest chance of improving the lives of young children, on a national scale.
Grants are made in the areas of:
- Early childhood welfare
- Early childhood education and play
- Parenting education
Please contact Daniel Hadley if you are interested in applying to this opportunity.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Bichon Frise Diet & Meal Plan Advice
By Hungry Bark | June 21, 2021
Playful and peppy are two of the distinctive traits of a Bichon Frise. Overly friendly, Bichon Frise is known for being energetic to meet new friends and doesn't have much aggression in them.
The combination of friendly demeanor, size, and confidence make the Bichon an ideal dog for small spaces and city environments. They are highly trainable, and their engaging personalities make them one of the more popular of the smaller breeds.
Daily cleaning rituals and monthly grooming are essential to a Bichon's overall health and proper diet and exercise.
To ensure that you're providing the best opportunity for a quality of life for your Bichon, provide only the best food you can at mealtime. Know that not every meal plan is the same, so keep reading if you're curious about what to provide your Bichon for its excellent health.
The Importance Of Getting Enough Exercise
Another benefit to daily exercise is that it allows for your Bichon to socialize and explore its environment. Dogs instinctually will sniff and explore their environment to discover sources of food and potential threats.
Dogs rely heavily on the sense of smell, and a daily walk or another outdoor activity allows them to engage with other animals, stimulate their mind, and aid in digestion as well.
Depending upon where you live, we have a few suggestions about the types of activities you can plan for your Bichon.
The key to any activity is that you are playing and bonding with your Bichon Frise.
Daily activities are something that both you and your dog can look forward to and create opportunities to teach and reinforce proper social behaviors.
Walks: Daily walks are a must to engage your Bichon's curiosity and get some exercise in the process. Walks also serve as a great way to reinforce the bonds and work together on good behaviors.
Hikes: Depending on where you live, take your Bichon on a short hike if you have the opportunity. Keep in mind the terrain and weather as they may negatively impact your Bichon, but you expose your dog to new smells and surroundings by getting out of your immediate neighborhood.
Dog Park: Dog parks are great for socialization skills and get some quality exercise. As Bichon are hyper-loyal, a dog park only scratches one part of their exercise needs.
What plays a significant role for Bichon's is bonding with their owner, so if you go to a dog park, expect to be engaged in their fun.
Swimming: Swimming is a great low-impact activity for older Bichons that may experience joint issues. It is a full-body workout that has significant cardiovascular benefits as well.
The Type Of Nutrition Your Bichon Needs
Even though they are friendly and peppy, your Bichon does have its personality, likes, and dislikes.
When deciding on the type of meal plan that is ideal for your dog, you must consider its age, weight, activity levels.
One more thing to consider is if there are foodborne issues that may cause allergies and intolerances.
Keep in mind that not all dog foods are manufactured with the same attention to optimal nutrition, and some subpar foods may impact your Bichon's optimal health.
Also, at different stages of your Bichon's life, they will have different nutritional needs.
Before we discuss the type of nutrition ideal for your Bichon, let's discuss some other crucial factors in making your meal plan decision.
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Your Bichon's Age And Weight
Striking the right balance of nutritional and caloric needs can be a little overwhelming at first. We suggest you factor in your dog's age first and foremost, then consider its weight and overall activity level.
Meal plans that focus on the suitable types of calories and nutrition and serving size will maintain the ideal weight for your Bichon.
How Active Is Your Dog
As you evaluate different foods, your next consideration is your Bichon's overall level of fitness and activity levels.
Some dogs are prone to overeating or being heavier than others, and knowing your dog's ideal weight, as well as its activity levels, are primary factors in choosing your meal plan.
Active dogs need much more protein than sedentary ones. A good meal plan should prioritize a single protein source such as turkey in the labeling as the primary ingredient before any carbohydrates or fats.
Does Your Bichon Have Allergies Or Food Intolerance
Food allergies and intolerances can appear randomly. That's why it's important to know what type of food your dog is eating.
Dogs who develop a food-borne allergy become more susceptible to additional allergies over time. This process happens because the immune system becomes over-stimulated and aggressively attacks other potential allergens located within the body.
Symptoms of food-borne allergies usually include digestive issues and/or excessive itching. Excessive itching can spiral quickly as it increases skin irritation caused by bacteria getting under the skin triggering the body's itch response.
Food intolerance occurs when your dog can digest a type of food. It may be due to an allergy or a toxic food source and can't be digested.
The best way to avoid potential food-borne allergies is to choose clearly labeled, high-quality dog food.
Why Your Bichon's Food Ingredients Are Important
The type of food you feed your Bichon is crucial to its overall health.
Avoiding foods that have a lot of fillers, additives, and preservatives is ideal. It is also essential to look for ingredient lists that show high protein levels, carbohydrates, and fats in that order.
Proteins are the primary energy source for your dog. They build muscle and help the heart perform its function effectively. Proteins also offer quick bursts of energy.
Carbohydrates break down into sugars in the body and provide a delayed energy source for your Bichon. One of the functions of sugar in the blood is that it serves as the primary energy source for mental function.
Fats provide long-term energy stored in reserves. Too much fat in the diet can lead to many health concerns, but every diet needs some fat levels for delayed energy, and fats aid in minerals and vitamins being absorbed by the body.
How To Read The Ingredients Label
When you read the food label of dog food, there are a few things you need to understand.
Dog food is listed by weight, making the first ingredient the heaviest and most prominent in the list. That means that a protein source should be the first ingredient listed followed by a specific type of carbohydrate such as "brown rice," to be followed with a source of fat before anything else such as vitamins and minerals are listed.
Reading a food label can also be misleading.
The FDA requires manufacturers to list the types of protein in a way that details the percentage included.
They have four different classifications, and understanding what each term means will inform you of the quality of food you're providing.
These terms you want to look for are "the 95% rule, "the 25% rule," "the 'with' rule," and finally, "the flavor rule."
The 95% Rule
Any ingredient listed, such as "chicken," must include 95% of that protein source in the ingredients.
The 25% Rule
Food descriptions such as "turkey dinner or salmon entree" mean that food manufacturers only need to include 25-94% of the total protein in the ingredients list by FDA standards.
The "With" Rule
"With" is another misleading term if you don't know. For example, "dog food with chicken" sounds healthy, but it means the product must have only 3% of chicken in the ingredient list by FDA standards.
The "Flavor" Rule
"Flavor" is another tricky way that subpar manufacturers make their foods seem more nutritious than they may be.
The "flavor" rule basically states that this term is used to describe the food. It needs just enough of the protein source to be traceable. In other words, the protein doesn't even need to have to be included; it just must have enough that could reasonably find it.
Looking for the correct type of meal plan can be tricky, so we've created the Hungry Bark Custom Meal Planner as a great place to start!
In as little as 2 minutes, the meal planner will customize your Bichons meal plan taking into account characteristics such as breed, age, weight, and activity level to provide a custom meal plan for a quality, healthy life.
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Supplements for Dogs
By Hungry Bark | February 23, 2021
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By Hungry Bark | January 22, 2021
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Meet Nexi. How do you feel about Nexi? Would you loan Nexi money? It turns out, scientists can change that perception by making subtle cues to Nexi's robotic face.
A study from researchers at Northeastern University (to be published in the journal Psychological Science) discovered that there are a distinct set of cues–including touching the hands and face, leaning away, and crossing arms-that make a person seem untrustworthy. They figured this out not just by observing human to human interactions, but by looking at how humans interact with a friendly faced robot called Nexi.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Philodendron melanoneuron aff
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Philodendron melanoneuron aff is an absolutely stunning aroid from Ecuador and the surrounding area. This Philodendron has deeply ridged, bell / ovate leaves! It grows large but is easily trimmed. This Philodendron grows well in moderate light. This Philodendron adheres well to backgrounds, driftwood, etc, and is a moderate growing species. Moist sphagnum moss is useful for rooting this species.
*green dots are a nutrient deficiency.
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Recent News Articles
Brains see men as people, women as parts
Both genders process images of men and women differently — men are seen as people, women as body parts, U.S. researchers suggest.
Lead author Sarah Gervais, assistant professor of psychology at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, said in the study, participants were randomly presented with dozens of images of fully clothed, average-looking men and women. Each person was shown from head to knee, standing, with eyes focused on the camera.
After a brief pause, participants then saw two new images on their screen: One was unmodified and contained the original image, while the other was a slightly modified version of the original image that comprised a sexual body part. Participants then quickly indicated which of the two images they had previously seen.
The study, published in the European Journal of Social Psychology, found women's sexual body parts were more easily recognized when presented in isolation than when they were presented in the context of their entire bodies. However, men's sexual body parts were recognized better when presented in the context of their entire bodies than they were in isolation, the study said.
"We always hear that women are reduced to their sexual body parts; you hear about examples in the media all the time," Gervais said in a statement. "This research takes it a step further and finds that this perception spills over to everyday women, too."
Copyright 2012 by United Press International


Forward your CC email
There are a couple of common ways to forward your email to another account. Either directly from Office365, or from within Gmail.
From Office 365
 1. Use single sign-in to log into your CC webmail (click the "Email" button once signed in).
 2. If it didn't go there automatically, click the "Mail" icon in Office 365.
 3. Click the gear icon to access settings and select "options"
 4. Find the option on the left for forwarding. It's in Mail > Accounts.
 5. Select the radio button for "start forwarding." Make sure to include the address, decide whether you want to keep a copy of forwarded messages, and then click save.
From Gmail
1. In Gmail: Go to settings > Accounts and import > Check mail from other accounts > Add a POP3 account you own
2. Enter your email address, and then the fields as you see them below (of course, use your own information).
NOTE when it asks for username, you need to enter it as "" which is different than your email address. See the example below.
3. For Server, use "" Leave the Port as 995.
Pop settings
4. It's a good idea and highly recommended to check "Leave a copy of retrieved messages on the server." If you check this then you'll have a backup of your messages in your CC inbox and you will be able to access your entire mailbox from any other mail program.
5. Click Add Account and you should be done!


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KidzMondo Doha is an international edutainment concept designed to provide a complete solution for children in a unique indoor theme park. This kids' city is created to impart knowledge through playful learning. Children will experience age-appropriate activities in a dynamic and safe surroundings. It is an interactive and educational environment where kids simulate a profession, wear their respective uniforms and perform the role of a doctor, pilot and others.
Shop at KidzMondo using the Mall of Qatar Gift Card and enjoy the following discount:


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When it comes to programming in Java, choosing the right font can make a big difference in your coding experience.
A font that is too small or difficult to read can lead to eye strain and fatigue, while a clear and legible font can help you focus and work more efficiently.
Are you looking to spice up your Java code with bold and beautiful font colors? We will explore the world of Java font colors and how they can be used effectively to make your code stand out. We will cover everything from understanding fonts and FontMetrics to utilizing the Font Class Constructors.
Along the way, we'll also delve into implementing colors in Java, common mistakes to avoid when using font colors, tips for customizing them, and which Java font color is best for you. To top it all off, we'll provide examples of how to use font colors in Java that are sure to impress. So buckle up and prepare for a colorful journey through Java fonts!
How To Using Java Font Colors Effectively
To effectively use Java font colors, it is recommended to select colors that complement your website's branding instead of the primary keyword 'Java font colors'. Using contrasting colors, such as text on a light background or vice versa, for better readability is necessary.
But one should avoid employing too many different font colors leading to a cluttered website. Furthermore, considering the emotional response different colors evoke in users is critical. Finally, testing various color schemes helps decide which works best for your design and audience. Other secondary keyterms include 'background color,' 'text color,' 'serif,' 'italic,' 'font styles,' and more.
For example, if you wanted to change the text color of a JLabel object to red, you would use the following code:
JLabel label = new JLabel("Hello World");
Using the Color constructor, you can also create custom colors by specifying the red, green, and blue values. Remember that choosing appropriate colors is important for readability and accessibility purposes. It's always a good idea to test your color choices with different backgrounds and lighting conditions to ensure they are easy on the eyes.
Understanding Fonts And Font Metrics
Fonts are an essential component of a website or application design. Java offers an array of default fonts, while you may create new ones with font files. The Font Metrics class details size, spacing, and alignment for fonts.
With the Font class's numerous constructors, you can opt for various styles and sizes of fonts. Appropriate use of font colors can increase readability while highlighting crucial data. When picking the right font style and color, it helps to consider branding and platform uniformity.
Utilizing The Font Class Constructors
You can utilize the Font class constructors to specify font family, size, and style in your Java program. Additionally, to set the color of the text in a font, you can use the Set Color() method. You can specify colors using RGB values or pre-defined constants in the Color class. These features allow you to create visually stunning and attention-grabbing designs for your user interfaces or graphics applications.
Implementing Colors In Java
When implementing colors in Java programs or applications like HTML and XML files or operating systems like Linux or Windows 95, it's crucial to understand how the built-in Color class works. You can easily set the default or new font color by setting the foreground or background color with methods like setText() or setBackground().
Additionally, you could use different font styles, which would be useful while designing different components of your project. The default font used on most Java programs is a serif, but you can change it according to your liking. Overall when designing an application, you should always consider picking appropriate fonts and color schemes.
Console Output Of Font And Color
Console output in Java can be customized using font colors, making your application or program more visually appealing and easier to read. There are various ways of incorporating colors in Java console output, but one of the most popular methods is using escape sequences with the System.out.println() method.
These escape sequences can be combined to create different colors for text in the console. For instance, "\u001B[31m" changes the font color to red, while "\u001B[32m" changes it to green. Testing your code in different environments is essential, as not all consoles support font colors.
Utilizing XML To Implement Colors
Developers can utilize XML to implement customized color schemes for their Java applications. The flexibility of using XML markup language allows for the easy creation of complementary color schemes that can be altered with ease in the future.
Consistency in the application's use of colors will improve its usability and aesthetic appeal. Using these techniques, developers can take their Java program to new heights while providing users an engaging experience.
Common Mistakes In Using Font Colors
To ensure that your readers are not distracted from your content while using Java Font Colors, avoid committing common mistakes; use a consistent color scheme throughout the website or document so that it does not look clumsy.
Also, refrain from relying only on colors to convey information, as some users may have visual impairments. Instead of starting with the primary key term 'Java Font Colors', ensure that your text contrasts well with the background color for better readability. Testing your font colors on various devices and screens will guarantee they appear just like you envisioned.
Tips For Customizing Java Font Colors
Customizing Java font colors requires careful consideration of the color scheme to create a visually appealing and cohesive design. It's important to consider the contrast between the background and font color for readability purposes.
While using bright colors can be useful for emphasis, using them sparingly and strategically is essential. Testing your color choices on different devices and browsers is recommended to ensure they appear as intended in all circumstances. Following these guidelines, you can create an aesthetically pleasing user interface that complements your overall design.
Which Java Font Color Is Best For You?
The best Java font color for you depends on your project's overall design and purpose. Consider the background color and ensure that the font color provides sufficient contrast for readability. Bright colors can be useful for emphasis but should be handy sparingly. Experiment with different color schemes and test them on various devices to determine which works best for your project.
Examples Of How To Use Font Colors In Java
Using font colors effectively in Java can add visual appeal and emphasis to your text. To make your text stand out, try using contrasting colors that work well together or color-coding different types of text. Bold and bright colors can also be handy strategically but should be handy sparingly. It's essential to consider the emotional impact of your color choices and test them across multiple screens and devices for optimal legibility.
In addition, understanding fonts and font metrics, implementing colors through AWT or XML, avoiding common mistakes while using font colors, and customizing font styles are all crucial aspects of using font colors in Java effectively. Experiment with different fonts, sizes, and styles like italics or bold to create a unique look without compromising readability.
To sum up, using Java font colors can give your application a unique and attractive look. Understanding fonts, font metrics, and the Font class constructors is essential. Implementing colors in Java can be done differently, including console output and utilizing XML.
To avoid common mistakes while using font colors, it's important to customize them effectively based on your requirements. Different Java font colors have different meanings, so choosing the right one is essential. Our blog provides examples of how to use font colors in Java for the best results. Start exploring the world of bold and beautiful Java font colors today.
Frequently Asked Questions:
1.How To Give Font Color In Java?
Ans. To give font color in Java, you can use the setForeground(color) method and pass a Color object as a parameter. For example:
JLabel label = new JLabel("Hello World");
This will set the text color of the label to red.
2.What Are Color And Font Classes In Java?
Ans. In Java, the java.awt package includes Color and Font classes. The Color class handles RGB colors with useful methods like brighter() and darker(), while the Font class manages font properties like size and boldness with methods like getName() and isBold().
3.What Colours Are Used In Java?
Ans. In Java, there are a variety of color options available, including popular colors such as red, blue, green, yellow, black, and white. These colors are represented using the RGB color model. Additionally, users have the ability to create custom colors by indicating specific RGB values to use.
4.How To Code Color In Java?
Ans. To code color in Java, use the Color class to set the text or background color. Use the setForeground() method for text and the setBackground() method for background with a Color object. Create custom colors by specifying RGB values or using predefined constants from the Color class.
5.How To Simply Change The Font Color Of A String In Java?
Ans. One way to change the font color of a String in Java is by using HTML-style syntax, replacing 'color' with the desired color, and concatenating it with the text using the + operator. For instance: "" + "This text is red" + "".


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Enhance the look of your learning environment with versatile classroom décor and cut-outs.
The Celebrate Learning Confetti printable cut-outs pack contains:
- 12 large circles
- 12 medium circles
- 15 small circles
When printed on card stock, durable classroom cut-outs are ideal for a variety of purposes.
Play games, label desks, and enhance bulletin boards with Carson-Dellosa's assorted cut-outs. With a wide variety of shapes, colors, and styles, classroom cut-outs are perfect to use as game pieces, cubby tags, and more. To create a cohesive theme, be sure to browse coordinating Celebrate Learning classroom décor.
- Reproducible Rights


Ange Meaning in English, Ange Baby Name Origin Gender Meaning Pronunciation
Does Ange Baby Name seem like an intriguing name for your baby? Learn Ange Name Meaning in English, its origin and which gender Ange Baby Name is most suitable for. Check through our list of names that are related to the name Ange, names similar to Ange and sibling names of Ange. Also, read through a detailed numerology report for the name Ange.
Baby Image
French, Greek
Angel, Heavenly messenger
Related Ange Baby Names
Angie, Anja, Anijah, Anju, Angy, Anija, ANUJA, Anje, Anajah, Anji, Anaijah, Aba, Abba, Abbe, Abbey, Abbie, Abby, Abdel, Abe, Abeer
Similar Ange Baby Names
Angie::Aeneas, Ahimsa, Ahmik, Aims, Amachi, Ames, Amiens, Amish, Amisha, Amissa
Sibling Names
Liam, Aidan, Logan, Nolan, Gavin, Jack, Jackson, Aiden, Owen, Colin, Connor, Finn, Isabella, Fiona, Madison, Maeve, Emma, Ella, Delaney, Olivia, Evelyn, Grace, Charlotte, Avery
Ange as a girl's name (also used as a boy's name), is related to the Greek name Angela. The meaning of Ange is "messenger of God".


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St. Catherine University partners with University of Minnesota to launch high-altitude weather balloon
During Minnesota Aerospace and Aviation Week, students and faculty from St. Catherine University teamed up with students and faculty from the University of Minnesota to launch a high-altitude weather balloon on Flight Day.
The goal of the flight was to use a helium-filled latex weather balloon to lift scientific payloads into "near space." Students and faculty would then recover the units, retrieving data that would later be used for scientific research.
Though the weather balloon did not reach its anticipated height on this particular day, the students conducted a successful launch.
For more information about liberal arts at St. Catherine University, visit the School of Humanities, Arts and Sciences website.


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The Tornado of 1985 - Tornado Memories
On May 31, 1985, a series of tornadoes hit Northeastern Ohio and Western Pennsylvania, leaving behind a wide path of death and devastation. Homes and businesses were destroyed and it was many years before recovery efforts were completed.
The Local History and Genealogy Center of the Warren-Trumbull County Public Library has started a collection of photographs, newspaper articles and reminiscences from those who experienced the disaster. Our goal is to create a centralized collection of information relating to the tornado, so that future generations will have access to the events of that night more than 20 years ago, and the courage and community that arose in the hours, days and weeks following.
See a sample of photographs from our larger collection at the Photographic Memories page. Read what others remember about the Tornado of 1985 at our Memories From Around the Valley page. (A complete collection of written memories - including submissions not available online - is on file in the Local History and Genealogy Center.)
To learn more about severe weather events in the Buckeye State visit the Severe Weather In Ohio: Online Exhibit on the Ohio Historical Society Website.
You may also want to visit this site by Jim Bruner, it is dedicated to all who lost their lives from the May 31, 1985 tornadoes that devastated Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York and Canada.
Return to the Local History & Genealogy page.


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Evaluation of calf muscle reflex control in the 'ankle strategy' during upright standing push-recovery
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
Revealing human internal control mechanisms during environmental interaction remains paramount and helpful in solving issues related to human-robot interaction. Muscle reflexes, which can directly and rapidly modify the dynamic behavior of joints, are the fundamental control loops of the Central Nervous System. This study investigates the calf muscle reflex control in the "ankle strategy" for human push-recovery movement. A time-increasing searching method is proposed to evaluate the feasibility of the reflex model in terms of predicting real muscle activations. Constraints with physiological implications are imposed to find the appropriate reflex gains. The experimental results show that the reflex model fits over 90% of the forepart of muscle activation. With the increasing of time, the Variance Accounted For (VAF) values drop to below 80% and reflex gains lose the physiology meaning. By dividing the muscle activation into two parts, the reflex formula is still workable for the rest part, with different gains and lower VAF values. This result may indicate that reflex control could more likely dominate the forepart of the push-recovery motion and an analogous control mechanism is still feasible for the rest of the motion part, with different gains. The proposed method provides an alternative way to obtain the human internal control mechanism desired for human-robot interaction task.
|Number of pages||22|
|Publication status||Published - 21 May 2019|
- applsci-09-02085 (1)
Final published version, 8 MB, PDF-document
Licence: CC BY


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Translation skill—Shift of perspective (II )[gallery] Second, it is sentence component shift. Sentence component shift refers to one component for the English sentence shifts to the other component of the Chinese sentence. The shift of sentence component ranges from subject, predicate, object, attributive, adverbial to complement. A. You can always tell the somebodies from the nobodies at a cocktail party. The somebodies come late.在鸡尾酒会上人们常常可以看出大人物和无名小卒来。那些 迟到的就是大人物。（Here the subject shifts to predicative, and the predicate shift to subject） B. Cheerful, efficient and warm-hearted, they will do everything to make your journey smooth and comfortable. 他们乐观、能干、热情，总是想方设法使你一路上顺利舒适。 ( Here the adverbial shifts to the predicate ) C. Her presence of mind had not completely deserted her; but she could not have trusted herself to speak. 她还没有完全失去镇静，一时却又找不出话可说。 ( Here the subject " her presence of mind " shifts to the object and the object " her" shifts to the subject) Third, expression mode shift. The differential expressions between English and Chinese results from their distinctive emphasis points. To overcome all these differences and make the translated text be consistent with the customs of the local people, it is necessary for us to transfer this expression mode into the other one. A. There are some measuring units in English, such as score, dozen, decade, quarter, just to name a few, which there is no respective expression in Chinese, so when translating these measuring units into Chinese, we have to shift them. Eg: Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand, signed the Emancipation Proclamation.100 年以前，一位伟大的美国人签署了解放 宣言，我们现在就站在他象征性的庇荫中。 ( Here we have to shift score into twenty years, since there is no respective expression of score in Chinese.) B. As we know, English native speakers and Chinese always express things from different perspectives, that is these two language speakers always emphasis differently when describing the same thing, so when we are translating, we should pay attention to expression customs of the target language, and we need to make the translated text clear and nature to its readers. Eg: She has been a widow only for six months. How do we translate this sentence into Chinese? The source sentence describes the husband's death from the angle the wife. If we translate it according to the expression of the source sentence, then the translated text would be "她只当了 6 个月的寡妇。". When we Chinese see this sentence, we obviously will feel uncomfortable, because it is not accordant to our expression customs. We may even confused that had the wife married another man after her husband just died for half a year. To avoid this confusion, we should shift the English expression mode into Chinese. The correct one is " 她丈夫死了至今才不过半年。"
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getrusage() reports kernel counters that are updated only once application loses context and a switch to kernel space happens. For example on modern Linux server kernels that would mean that getrusage() calls would return information rounded at 10ms, desktop kernels - at 1ms.
getrusage() isn't usable for micro-measurements at all - and getmicrotime(true) might be much more valuable resource.
(PHP 4, PHP 5)
getrusage — Gets the current resource usages
$who= 0 ] )
This is an interface to getrusage(2). It gets data returned from the system call.
whois 1, getrusage will be called with
Returns an associative array containing the data returned from the system call. All entries are accessible by using their documented field names.
Example #1 getrusage() example
$dat = getrusage();
echo $dat["ru_nswap"]; // number of swaps
echo $dat["ru_majflt"]; // number of page faults
echo $dat["ru_utime.tv_sec"]; // user time used (seconds)
echo $dat["ru_utime.tv_usec"]; // user time used (microseconds)
Note: This function is not implemented on Windows platforms.
- Your system's man page on getrusage(2)
The author of the article mentioned in the previous post says "Once I got a negative value for both times - I have absolutely no clue how that can happen.". This is because time in microseconds is not padded with zeros from the left, therefore, you cannot concatenate the two numbers. Instead, you should normalize the values and then add them up:


Zinc Countertops: Pros and Cons
A zinc countertop is hip, trendy, and very cool. But is it worth the price?
Image: Mio Metals/Copperworks
Zinc is an industrial-looking countertop material that's got unique characteristics. Primarily, zinc develops a patina with age that some home owners really like.
Zinc reacts with water, fingerprints, lemon juice, and all sorts of other things that land on a kitchen counter. Eventually, the marks blend together and leave the countertop with a beautiful, dark blue-gray patina. But that can take a year — a long time if you cringe at seeing a spot.
Zinc is also bound to disappoint if you try to keep a shiny new look by polishing the countertop frequently. It's possible, but why do so much work? You'd be better off with stainless steel, since it stays shiny with no special effort.
What's Likeable About Zinc?
1. Zinc is a less-pristine alternative to stainless steel because it's a "living metal" that changes color over time in reaction to its surroundings.
2. It's naturally non-porous, so you can clean it with just soap and water.
3. It has anti-bacterial properties similar to copper, making it a great surface for prepping food.
4. The metal is easy to work with, so it's easy to include decorative edges in various shapes and styles. Fabricators also can create an integral zinc sink by welding parts together and grinding seams smooth, making cleanup a breeze.
What's Not to Like?
1. Zinc is soft, so it scratches easily if you cut directly on it. Be sure to have cutting boards handy.
2. It can warp if someone sets down a pot hotter than about 300 degrees (set down a red-hot iron pot and the zinc could melt). Be sure to tell guests not to set hot items on your zinc countertop! Keep trivets nearby.
3. Price is an eye-opener. A zinc countertop costs $150 to $200 per sq. ft., depending on the thickness of the metal (you'll want 15-gauge material that's at least.060 thick). Stainless steel costs less, and granite is even cheaper.
Other Cost Considerations
1. Zinc is an expensive material that's not for everybody. Make sure your decision to install a zinc countertop is in line with the style and features of other homes in your neighborhood. Less-expensive options may have a better return on your investment.
2. You'll pay an additional 10% to 15% installation charge for unusual or complex countertop shapes.
3. Be sure to get several bids before committing to a zinc countertop. Ask if your countertop fabricator has had experience making zinc countertops, and ask to see examples of their work. Try getting bids from sheet metal fabricators, not just companies that specialize in installing countertops.
4. Some zinc sheets are "seconds" — meaning they already have stains and discolorations. If that kind of patina isn't objectionable, you can save 10% to 20% on your countertop by opting for seconds.


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EMS Leadership Academy
The EMS Leadership Academy is a dynamic, two-part, 60-hour educational program designed to prepare participants to lead and manage today's EMS.
The EMS Leadership Academy is for new and current leaders, as well as anyone with an interest in the leadership and management of EMS. It is designed to give participants the basic tools and information needed to quickly and successfully assume the role of a leader. Since 2009, more than 2,000 leaders across the nation have participated in the Academy. The two four-day sessions are:
Session I: "Moving from Management to Leadership of the EMS Organization" and
"Showing Up as a Leader"
Session II: "Moving Your Organization Forward" and
"Your Specific Role and Challenges: A Retreat"
** NEW! "Executive Leadership Retreat" (Offered for graduates of Academy Parts I & II) **
Session I and Session II of the Academy are each 30-hour, four-day programs presented on consecutive days in comfortable settings that invite participation and openness. Class size is limited to 26 participants or less, and two faculty members are involved in the sessions at all times. Rather than long PowerPoint lectures, these sessions are engaging, lively and participatory. Dialogue is ongoing, questioning is encouraged, and laughter is common. Fifty percent of the time is spent in dialogue, small group exercises and role-playing. Students have the chance to see, practice and critique actual leadership activities in a safe environment. Each session has a specific agenda, but the agenda is always modified to fit participants' needs.
The Academy begins with participants identifying the challenges and opportunities they are facing in their organizations and roles today. We then build a foundation of leadership thinking by exploring the differences in managing challenges and leading challenges. On this foundation we will launch a powerful exploration of today's EMS organization and the characteristics that make an organization thrive and attract and keep workers. We will address the following topics:
- The essential components of a thriving EMS organization;
- The emerging EMS worker of the 21st century;
- What people really want from their work experience;
- Creating a culture where people want to belong;
- Recruiting and keeping more of the right people;
- Ensuring people are enthused, committed, loyal and willing to do more than required;
- The vital role of frontline supervisors;
- The art of improving employees' performance;
- Dealing with troublemakers; and
- Leading the new generations.
With an understanding of the EMS organization and the workers of today, we will look at ourselves as leaders. Leader is not a term most people use to describe themselves, but using various tools, assessments and exercises, we will discover the leader within each of us. We will explore the psychology of stepping out to lead and what inspires people to follow. We will demonstrate that leading is much more than title, position or power. Leading is a courageous choice we make every day. Specifically, we will explore:
- The qualities and characteristics of effective leaders;
- What makes one a leader in today's EMS organization;
- How leadership shows up in our personal lives;
- The connection between great leadership and a practice of deep listening;
- Using time resources effectively;
- Leading in spite of fear;
- How to become a powerful influencer of people above, beside you and below you;
- The leader's ethical use of politics and power; and
- Leading and the necessity of powerful storytelling.
Building on Session I, this session of the Academy tackles the work of leading change in a reactive EMS environment and moving the organization forward. We start by recognizing the importance of identifying and actually seeing the change you want to make. Then, using actual case studies, we explore the psychology and steps of leading change. Specifically, we will address:
- Getting clear about what really matters;
- Using the imagination to see where we want to go;
- How to effectively plan and identify strategic priorities;
- Turning big change into small, doable steps;
- Understanding the power of variables and small change;
- Effectively working with the psychology of change; and
- Taking good care of yourself and finding joy amid the challenges.
The final two days of the Academy are a facilitated leadership retreat. This is where the practicality and applicability of the learning is tested. With a foundation in leadership, the formation of a supportive cohort and a shared understanding and language, participants set the agenda. We utilize an "open space" format in a warm and relaxed environment, and encourage participants to bring their own topics to the group. Brief presentations are made on the topics, and the balance of the allotted time is used to workshop each topic with discussion, exercises and the sharing of best (and worst) practices. Participants leave the Academy with a full toolbox and a solid network of supportive leaders.


Persistence top
1. Overview
In the context of ORM, database auditing means tracking and logging events related to persistent entities, or simply entity versioning. Inspired by SQL triggers, the events are insert, update and delete operations on entities. The benefits of database auditing are analogous to those provided by source version control.
We will demonstrate three approaches to introducing auditing into an application. First, we will implement it using standard JPA. Next, we will look at two JPA extensions that provide their own auditing functionality: one provided by Hibernate, another by Spring Data.
Here are the sample related entities, Bar and Foo, that will be used in this example:
2. Auditing With JPA
JPA doesn't explicitly contain an auditing API, but the functionality can be achieved using entity lifecycle events.
2.1. _USER_, _USER_ and _USER_
In JPA Entity class, a method can be specified as a callback which will be invoked during a particular entity lifecycle event. As we're interested in callbacks that are executed before the corresponding DML operations, there are _USER_, _USER_ and _USER_ callback annotations available for our purposes:
public class Bar {
 public void onPrePersist() {... }
 public void onPreUpdate() {... }
 public void onPreRemove() {... }
Internal callback methods should always return void and take no arguments. They can have any name and any access level but should not be static.
Be aware that the _USER_ annotation in JPA is not strictly related to our topic – it has to do with optimistic locking more than with audit data.
2.2. Implementing the Callback Methods
There is a significant restriction with this approach, though. As stated in JPA 2 specification (JSR 317):
In general, the lifecycle method of a portable application should not invoke EntityManager or Query operations, access other entity instances, or modify relationships within the same persistence context. A lifecycle callback method may modify the non-relationship state of the entity on which it is invoked.
In the absence of an auditing framework, we must maintain the database schema and domain model manually. For our simple use case, let's add two new properties to the entity, as we can manage only the "non-relationship state of the entity". An operation property will store the name of an operation performed and a timestamp property is for the timestamp of the operation:
public class Bar {
 _USER_(name = "operation")
 private String operation;
 _USER_(name = "timestamp")
 private long timestamp;
 // standard setters and getters for the new properties
 public void onPrePersist() {
 public void onPreUpdate() {
 public void onPreRemove() {
 private void audit(String operation) {
 setTimestamp((new Date()).getTime());
If you need to add such auditing to multiple classes, you can use _USER_ to centralize the code. For example:
public class Bar {... }
public class AuditListener {
 private void beforeAnyOperation(Object object) {... }
3. Hibernate Envers
With Hibernate, we could make use of Interceptors and EventListeners as well as database triggers to accomplish auditing. But the ORM framework offers Envers, a module implementing auditing and versioning of persistent classes.
3.1. Get Started With Envers
To set up Envers, you need to add the hibernate-envers JAR into your classpath:
Then just add the _USER_ annotation either on an _USER_ (to audit the whole entity) or on specific _USER_ (if you need to audit specific properties only):
public class Bar {... }
Note that Bar has a one-to-many relationship with Foo. In this case, we either need to audit Foo as well by adding _USER_ on Foo or set _USER_ on the relationship's property in Bar:
_USER_(mappedBy = "bar")
private Set fooSet;
3.2. Creating Audit Log Tables
There are several ways to create audit tables:
 - set to create, create-drop or update, so Envers can create them automatically
 - use org.hibernate.tool.EnversSchemaGenerator to export the complete database schema programmatically
 - use an Ant task to generate appropriate DDL statements
 - use a Maven plugin for generating a database schema from your mappings (such as Juplo) to export Envers schema (works with Hibernate 4 and higher)
We'll go the first route, as it is the most straightforward, but be aware that using is not safe in production.
In our case, bar_AUD and foo_AUD (if you've set Foo as _USER_ as well) tables should be generated automatically. The audit tables copy all audited fields from the entity's table with two fields, REVTYPE (values are: "0" for adding, "1" for updating, "2" for removing an entity) and REV.
Besides these, an extra table named REVINFO will be generated by default, it includes two important fields, REV and REVTSTMP and records the timestamp of every revision. And as you can guess, bar_AUD.REV and foo_AUD.REV are actually foreign keys to REVINFO.REV.
3.3. Configuring Envers
You can configure Envers properties just like any other Hibernate property.
For example, let's change the audit table suffix (which defaults to "_AUD") to "_AUDIT_LOG". Here is how to set the value of the corresponding property org.hibernate.envers.audit_table_suffix:
Properties hibernateProperties = new Properties();
 "org.hibernate.envers.audit_table_suffix", "_AUDIT_LOG");
A full listing of available properties can be found in the Envers documentation.
3.4. Accessing Entity History
You can query for historic data in a way similar to querying data via theHibernate criteria API. The audit history of an entity can be accessed using the AuditReader interface, which can be obtained with an open EntityManager or Session via the AuditReaderFactory:
AuditReader reader = AuditReaderFactory.get(session);
Envers provides AuditQueryCreator (returned by AuditReader.createQuery()) in order to create audit-specific queries. The following line will return all Bar instances modified at revision #2 (where bar_AUDIT_LOG.REV = 2):
AuditQuery query = reader.createQuery()
 .forEntitiesAtRevision(Bar.class, 2)
Here is how to query for Bar's revisions, i.e. it will result in getting a list of all Bar instances in all their states that were audited:
AuditQuery query = reader.createQuery()
 .forRevisionsOfEntity(Bar.class, true, true);
If the second parameter is false the result is joined with the REVINFO table, otherwise, only entity instances are returned. The last parameter specifies whether to return deleted Bar instances.
Then you can specify constraints using the AuditEntity factory class:
4. Spring Data JPA
Spring Data JPA is a framework that extends JPA by adding an extra layer of abstraction on the top of the JPA provider. This layer allows for support for creating JPA repositories by extending Spring JPA repository interfaces.
For our purposes, you can extend CrudRepository, the interface for generic CRUD operations. As soon as you've created and injected your repository to another component, Spring Data will provide the implementation automatically and you're ready to add auditing functionality.
4.1. Enabling JPA Auditing
To start, we want to enable auditing via annotation configuration. In order to do that, just add _USER_ on your _USER_ class:
public class PersistenceConfig {... }
4.2. Adding Spring's Entity Callback Listener
As we already know, JPA provides the _USER_ annotation to specify callback listener classes. Spring Data provides its own JPA entity listener class: AuditingEntityListener. So let's specify the listener for the Bar entity:
public class Bar {... }
Now auditing information will be captured by the listener on persisting and updating the Bar entity.
4.3. Tracking Created and Last Modified Dates
Next, we will add two new properties for storing the created and last modified dates to our Bar entity. The properties are annotated by the _USER_ and _USER_ annotations accordingly, and their values are set automatically:
public class Bar {
 _USER_(name = "created_date", nullable = false, updatable = false)
 private long createdDate;
 _USER_(name = "modified_date")
 private long modifiedDate;
Generally, you would move the properties to a base class (annotated by _USER_) which would be extended by all your audited entities. In our example, we add them directly to Bar for the sake of simplicity.
4.4. Auditing the Author of Changes With Spring Security
If your app uses Spring Security, you can not only track when changes were made but also who made them:
public class Bar {
 _USER_(name = "created_by")
 private String createdBy;
 _USER_(name = "modified_by")
 private String modifiedBy;
The columns annotated with _USER_ and _USER_ are populated with the name of the principal that created or last modified the entity. The information is pulled from SecurityContext's Authentication instance. If you want to customize values that are set to the annotated fields, you can implement AuditorAware interface:
public class AuditorAwareImpl implements AuditorAware {
 public String getCurrentAuditor() {
 // your custom logic
In order to configure the app to use AuditorAwareImpl to look up the current principal, declare a bean of AuditorAware type initialized with an instance of AuditorAwareImpl and specify the bean's name as the auditorAwareRef parameter's value in _USER_:


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Definition of Tumor registry
Tumor registry: Recorded information about the status of patients with tumors. Although a registry was originally the place where information was collected (in registers), the word registry has also come to mean the collection itself. A tumor registry is organized so that the data can be analyzed. For example, analysis of data in a tumor registry maintained at a hospital may show a rise in lung cancer among women.
Last Editorial Review: 3/19/2012
Back to MedTerms online medical dictionary A-Z List
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Returning values
As well as receiving data, functions can also send back data. To do this, write a dash then a right angle bracket after your function's parameter list, then tell Swift what kind of data will be returned.
Inside your function, you use the return keyword to send a value back if you have one. Your function then immediately exits, sending back that value – no other code from that function will be run.
We could rewrite our square() function to return a value rather than print it directly:
func square(number: Int) -> Int {
 return number * number
Now we can grab that return value when the function is run, and print it there:
let result = square(number: 8)
If you need to return multiple values, this is a perfect example of when to use tuples.
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what the JavaScript API is for.
I was reminded of this recently when Ada Rose Cannon tweeted:
It really feels like there should be a semantic version of the share API, like a mailto: link
I think she's absolutely right. The Web Share API has one primary use case: let the user share the current page. If that use case could be met in a declarative way, then it would have a lower barrier to entry. And for anyone who needs to do something more complicated, that's what the JavaScript API is for.
But Pete LePage asked:
How would you feature detect for it?
Good question. With the JavaScript API you can do feature detection—if the API isn't supported you can either bail or provide your own implementation.
There a few different ways of extending HTML that allow you to provide a fallback for non-supporting browsers.
You could mint a new element with a content model that says "Browsers, if you do support this element, ignore everything inside the opening and closing tags." That's the way that the canvas element works. It's the same for audio and video—they ignore everything inside them that isn't a source element. So developers can provide a fallback within the opening and closing tags.
But forging a new element would be overkill for something like the Web Share API (or Geolocation). There are more subtle ways of extending HTML that I've already alluded to.
Making a new element is a lot of work. Making a new attribute could also be a lot of work. But making a new attribute value might hit the sweet spot. That's why I suggested something like input type="geolocation" for the declarative version of the Geolocation API. There's prior art here; this is how we got input types for email, url, tel, color, date, etc. The key piece of behaviour is that non-supporting browsers will treat any value they don't understand as "text".
I don't think there should be input type="share". The action of sharing isn't an input. But I do think we could find an existing HTML element with an attribute that currently accepts a list of possible values. Adding one more value to that list feels like an inexpensive move.
Here's what I suggested:
For non-supporting browsers, it's a regular button and needs polyfilling, no different to the situation with the JavaScript API. But if supported, no JS needed?
The type attribute of the button element currently accepts three possible values: "submit", "reset", or "button". If you give it any other value, it will behave as though you gave it a type of "submit" or "button" (depending on whether it's in a form or not) …just like an unknown type value on an input element will behave like "text".
If a browser supports button type="share", then when the user clicks on it, the browser can go "Right, I'm handing over to the operating system now."
There's still the question of how to pass data to the operating system on what gets shared. Currently the JavaScript API allows you to share any combination of URL, text, and description.
Initially I was thinking that the value attribute could be used to store this data in some kind of key/value pairing, but the more I think about it, the more I think that this aspect should remain the exclusive domain of the JavaScript API. The declarative version could grab the current URL and the value of the page's title element and pass those along to the operating system. If you need anything more complex than that, use the JavaScript API.
So what I'm proposing is:
That's it.
But how would you test for browser support? The same way as you can currently test for supported input types. Make use of the fact that an element's attribute value and an element's property value (which 99% of the time are the same), will be different if the attribute value isn't supported:
var testButton = document.createElement("button");
if (testButton.type!= "share") {
// polyfill
So that's my modest proposal. Extend the list of possible values for the type attribute on the button element to include "share" (or something like that). In supporting browsers, it triggers a very bare-bones handover to the OS (the current URL and the current page title). In non-supporting browsers, it behaves like a button currently behaves.
Netlify redirects and downloads
Making the Clearleft podcast is a lot of fun. Making the website for the Clearleft podcast was also fun.
Design wise, it's a riff on the main Clearleft site in terms of typography and general layout. On the development side, it was an opportunity to try out an exciting tech stack. The workflow goes something like this:
 - Open a text editor and type out HTML and CSS.
Comparing this to other workflows I've used in the past, this is definitely the most productive way of working. Some stats:
 - Time spent setting up build tools: 00:00
 - Time spent wrangling the pipeline to do exactly what you want: 00:00
 - Time spent trying to get the damn build tools to work again when you return to the project after leaving it alone for more than a few months: 00:00:00
I have some files. Some images, three font files, a few pages of HTML, one RSS feed, one style sheet, and one minimal service worker script. I don't need a web server to do anything more than serve up those files. No need for any dynamic server-side processing.
I guess this is JAMstack. Though, given that the J stands for JavaScript, the A stands for APIs, and I'm not using either, technically it's Mstack.
Netlify suits my hosting needs nicely. It also provides the added benefit that, should I need to update my CSS, I don't need to add a query string or anything to the link elements in the HTML that point to the style sheet: Netlify does cache invalidation for you!
The mp3 files of the actual podcast episodes are stored on S3. I link to those mp3 files from enclosure elements in the RSS feed, which is what makes it a podcast. I also point to the mp3 files from audio elements on the individual episode pages—just above the transcript of each episode. Here's the page for the most recent episode.
I also want people to be able to download the mp3 file directly if they want (or if they want to huffduff an episode). So I provide a link to the mp3 file with a good ol'-fashioned a element with an href attribute.
I throw in one more attribute on that link. The download attribute tells the browser that the URL in the href attribute should be downloaded instead of visited. If you give a value for the download attribute, it will over-ride the file name:
download
Or you can use it as a Boolean attribute without any value if you're happy with the file name:
download
There's one catch though. The download attribute only works for files on the same origin. That's an issue for me. My site is but my audio files are hosted on—the download attribute will be ignored and the mp3 files will play in the browser instead of downloading.
Trys pointed me to the solution. It turns out that Netlify can do some server-side processing. It can do redirects.
I added a file called _redirects to the root of my project. It contains one line:
/download/* 200
That says that any URLs beginning with /download/ should redirect to Everything after the closing slash is captured with that wild card asterisk. That's then passed along to the redirect URL as :splat. That's a new one on me. I hadn't come across that terminology, but as someone who can never remember the syntax of regular expressions, it works for me.
Oh, and the 200at the end is the status code: okay.
Now I can use this /download/ path in my link:
Download mp3
Because this URL on the same origin, the download attribute works just fine.
An nth-letter selector in CSS
Variable fonts are a very exciting and powerful new addition to the toolbox of web design. They was very much at the centre of discussion at this year's Ampersand conference.
A lot of the demonstrations of the power of variable fonts are showing how it can be used to make letter-by-letter adjustments. The Ampersand website itself does this with the logo. See also: the brilliant demos by Mandy. It's getting to the point where logotypes can be sculpted and adjusted just-so using CSS and raw text—no images required.
I find this to be thrilling, but there's a fly in the ointment. In order to style something in CSS, you need a selector to target it. If you're going to style individual letters, you need to wrap each one in an HTML element so that you can then select it in CSS.
For the Ampersand logo, we had to wrap each letter in a span (and then, becuase that might cause each letter to be read out individually instead of all of them as a single word, we applied some ARIA shenanigans to the containing element). There's even a JavaScript library—Splitting.js—that will do this for you.
But if the whole point of using HTML is that the content is accessible, copyable, and pastable, isn't a bit of a shame that we


text:
The design of optimal immigration policy, particularly in the face of the spiralling demand for highly skilled workers, such as IT workers and engineers, is a topical issue in the policy debate as well as the economic literature. In this paper, we present empirical evidence from firm level data collected in 2000 on the demand in Europe for highly skilled workers in general and abroad and their determinants. Major findings are that the fraction of highly skilled recruited from the international labour market is very small, and it seems that foreign and domestic workers are very similar in terms of formal education, that is subject of specialisation, and job characteristics. We suggest an efficiency wage model that can explain why firms recruit foreign workers in small numbers and are willing to pay migrants the same wage as local workers and at the same time are willing to pay for moving costs, for example, that are specific to immigrating workers.
migration labour demand firm data highly skilled workers globalization


What most people don't know is that this feature actually went in incomplete. I've had grand plans to finish this, but it's a biggish project and I've simply never had the time to do it.
What I mean by incomplete is that the underlying framework of this feature actually involves a process internally known as a'rendering pipeline' (or just 'pipeline'). This pipeline contains a number of rendering possibilities and it chooses one based on available information. If you've used Page Manager extensively, you've seen this before. It's called a Variant, and it lets you pick the page that's actually displayed based upon selection criteria. Typically this involves things like user access, or node type, or taxonomy term type, or other, less-used items such as user language.
In most places you can put a panel, if you have the Panels IPE module there is a radio selector that lets you pick the standard renderer, or the IPE renderer. In reality, both of these are pipeline selectors. The standard renderer always selects the standard renderer and therefore it's the simplest version. However, the IPE renderer actually has two possibilities. In code terms the flow of what this does looks something like this.
if (user_access('use panels ipe')) {
 else {
But the system is far more capable than that. Underneath, something that doesn't happen, but easily could is that we could add another pipeline. Let's call this, "Super IPE". Here is some total pseudocode:
if (user_has_role('administrator')) {
 return array(
'type' => 'ipe',
'options' => array(
'can change style' => TRUE,
'can unlock panes' => TRUE,
'can change layout' => TRUE,
'can add panes' => TRUE,
'can remove panes' => TRUE
 else if (
user_access('use panels ipe')) {
 else {
If the above existed, our radio could then offer three choices:
 - Super IPE
 - IPE
 - Standard
In other words, we can actually have different levels of IPE. Except for the part where we don't have a UI to actually set this up, and the IPE itself doesn't actually know how to interpret these options. You could add as many of them as you like and select the appropriate when to use when creating the panel. In theory we could probably do some kind of context selection as well, though that's not baked in there yet.
But that's the easy part!
What we don't have, still, is the UI to do this. The UI is a relatively complex thing to do. What I really want to do is to take the tabbed operation sets used in the Page Manager UI and abstract that, so I can make more complicated, multi-form, multi-wizard UIs just by plugging in what the operations will be and link them to forms. And theme the result, but apply a standard theme so that we can still do the basics without getting too fussed about that.
Then we need to build the UI for pipelines. Pipelines are already exportable objects, so we simply need to attach the Export UI, build the variant selection mechanism. Then we need to modify Panels IPE to actually have an options form and support the options. I need to figure out what actually should be optional and use a good system for setting defaults. There's a lot of really interesting potential options here.
 - Available layouts.
 - Available content.
 - Possibly different content selectors.
 - Theming keywords, kind of like how Views has alternate templates just for a particular view.
 - Pane locking -- have some panes "locked" and not movable without increased permissions.
There's probably more I haven't thought of. Some of these features exist now, some of them would take some implementation.
In addition, once in place, we could also create pipelines for the backend system as well. It uses the same essential mechanism. It would then be possible for site builders to customize the editing experience very granularly.
This isn't a small project, but it's an exciting one, and would make a great expansion to the already existing functionality. Both Sam Boyer and I would love to get funding so we can take this system to the next step. Some projects I'm on will already have me working on parts of this. Being able to do even more would be a big win for everyone!
I'm still working on the best way to fund this. I'm thinking about kickstarter, or just taking pledges and billing people through my company, or what. Both have their ups and downs. Who has good ideas on that front?
That sounds awesome. I would definitely contribute to your work by funding it through kickstarter or something similar.
Nice, I'm in.
Some thought:
- People don't really have mental image about the funding amount needed, but always like to have all the functions. So making somekind of sponsor / contribute suggestion, e.g. kickstarter, would help. I read research somewhere about this. People who willing to support, won't do $1 contribute if they know you need 500 contributor average of $20 ;) (and frankly... it's Panel, $1 don't make anyone feel proud much)
- This look interesting. Somekind of this would be easy to understand.
Yeah, I haven't worked out how much funding I think it needs right now yet. Want to talk to Sam about it and get his opinion but of course it's Drupalcon right now, so he's not available. :)
Hi Earl!
At DrupalCon Chicago a whole bunch of people tried to start planning a better infrastructure for coordinating community initiatives, including with funding. Barry Madore of Advantage Labs is at DrupalCon London one of those continuing the work.
The idea is to be Kickstarter-like but better adapted for Free Software and interested parties finding each other over time, allowing more flexibility with revisions to the amounts needed and the deliverables planned, and potentially more integrated with other community resources in terms of credit for supporting.
I think Kickstarter would work for you in this case but i'd be honored if you would be one of the pilot projects of this initiative, which would accept tax-deductible donations directed to open source development. A lot of details have to be worked out but the
benjamin, agaric
This functionality is based on the work I did for the Payment API (which is itself a good candidate for crowd sourced funding!). It's more than a what-if, there's working code already in use. I think that making a funding model like this available to Drupal developers would be a huge win. I know very well how hard it is to make the headspace to do biggish projects while still making ends meet, and I would really like to see good developers doing important work without having to depend on the largesse of an employer or client.
The big questions on an initiative like this surround governance and overall organization, but honestly, having a project that generates resources for someone as well known as yourself would be a huge benefit for a by-Drupal-for-Drupal crowdsourcing effort.
Thanks, this functionality will help us for our next project.
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Daily Skimm: COVID-19 and Native Americans, Economists on the Hill, and "Legally Blonde 3"
Published on: May 20, 2020fb-roundtwitter-roundemail-round
A Navajo woman carries wood to heat her rural mobile home during the coronavirus pandemic in Cameron, Arizona.Getty Images
Nation in Crisis
The Story
A Native American reservation is dealing with the highest coronavirus infection rate in the US.
What's going on?
The Navajo Nation – the largest reservation in the US – now has a higher infection rate than New York and New Jersey. Out of the roughly 173,000 people that live there – spread across Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah – more than 4,000 people have been infected and 142 have died. This brings the infection rate to nearly 2,300 out of every 100,000 people. For context, NY's rate is at 1,800.
Why is it so bad?
A lot of reasons. Minority groups have been hit disproportionately hard by the outbreak. And in the Navajo Nation, there are high rates of pre-existing conditions, like diabetes and heart disease – which can put people at higher risk for severe illness from COVID-19. More than 30% of residents don't have running water, making it harder for people to frequently wash their hands and prevent spread. Communication can be a challenge too, with reportedly more than half the people there lacking internet access. Many families also live in multigenerational homes, making it harder to social distance. And the reservation is a "food desert," meaning there are only a handful of grocery stores, raising the likelihood that they'll be crowded.
What's being done about this?
The Navajo Nation's enacted one of the strictest stay-at-home orders in the country. That includes weekend lockdowns, when people can only leave home for emergencies or if they're essential workers. Last month, Doctors Without Borders sent a team of health care workers to help – the first time the nonprofit dispatched medical workers within the US. The Nation's also recently stepped up testing. The reservation's president said one of the reasons the infection rate is so high is because it's testing its "citizens at a greater rate per capita than any state in the entire country."
Where's the federal gov in all this?
Navajo officials say it's been slow to help. But that earlier this month, the reservation received $600 million from the March stimulus bill.
As states across the US move toward reopening, some communities are still struggling to fight the coronavirus outbreak – and the Navajo Nation is particularly vulnerable. But as the reservation's president said, the Navajo people have overcome many adversities and "will overcome this as well."
And Also...This
What had money on the mind...
This congressional testimony. Yesterday, Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin and Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell testified (virtually) in front of the Senate Banking Committee to give an update on the economic response. Here's how things went:
 - For Mnuchin: He said there could be "permanent damage" to our country if the shutdown continues for months. And defended the Trump admin's plans to reopen the economy against accusations that this put workers' lives at risk, saying the admin provided "enormous amounts" of protective equipment.
 - For Powell: He seemed to reiterate a call for Congress to pass more aid, implying that states and businesses still need a financial assist. And said that economic recovery depends on how well the virus is controlled and whether people feel safe to go back to work.
Psst...while the gov figures out its next move, check out our tips for saving and spending smarter during COVID-19.
Where people are talking about LGBTQ+ rights…
Hungary. Yesterday, the country's parliament voted to ban people from legally changing their gender assigned to them at birth, effectively ending the legal recognition of trans people. The move – pushed by PM Viktor Orbán's right-wing party – would apparently clear up how courts and authorities interpret the definition of sex. And the gov says people will still have the "right to freely experience and exercise their identities as they wish." But the bill received condemnation from human rights groups and activists who worry the bill will lead to an uptick in discrimination and say this takes the country back toward "the dark ages." It's expected to be signed into law.
What's saying 'humans are the problem'...
This report. Yesterday, scientists published a study showing that daily global greenhouse gas emissions dropped by 17% between January and April. The sharp decrease was linked to the pandemic's stay-at-home orders, which have forced millions of people to stop traveling (think: less car and plane pollution) and many factories to close. If restrictions continue, they could put 2020 on track for a 4-7% drop in carbon emissions, potentially the biggest decrease since World War II. But experts say this is still just a drop in the ocean when it comes to fighting climate change.
Skimm More: This Skimm Special podcast ep explains what the pandemic can teach us about tackling climate change.
When someone says 'endorphins make you happy'…
So does this movie.
live smarter.
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User Stories
Electrodynamics Associates Designs High-Performance Generator Controller for the Military with Simulink and xPC Target
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High-performance generator controller.
"Other tools only allowed us to view certain parameters of the machine. Now, we can look at all of them. MathWorks tools are orders of magnitude better than any other tool on the market."
Jay Vaidya, Electrodynamics Associates
Research and development projects for military applications are challenging because of their complexity and innovative nature. For small to mid-size engineering firms to compete successfully for these projects, they must adopt practices that accelerate design and development while solving difficult engineering problems.
Electrodynamics Associates, a designer and manufacturer of electric motors, generators, and associated controllers, met the strict performance requirements for a 200 KW generator for the military by using MathWorks tools instead of building hardware prototypes.
"We used to build hardware-based controllers that were inflexible," explains Jay Vaidya, president of Electrodynamics Associates. "With MathWorks tools, we can run simulations and generate code for a PC or DSP that we place in the control loop. We couldn't have completed this project without them."
Electrodynamics Associates would need to design a 200 KW generator capable of running at 62,000 RPM in an airborne system. Since the generator would be used for military purposes, they would need to design the generator and controls to comply with rigid standards and specifications.
The most difficult technical challenge would be to control the conditions and actions of the rotating components inside the generator so that the power generated would meet those specifications. To control these conditions and actions, Electrodynamics Associates would need to simplify complex computations using a mathematical coordinate system of transformations.
"Not only do we want to control the voltage and other conditions inside the generator, but we also want to monitor the data on the machine—speed, current, voltages, and temperatures—from our PC," says Vaidya. "Some of the generator outputs will feed into sensitive avionic equipment, so controlling the voltage is critical."
Finally, Electrodynamics Associates would need to deliver their controller design on a portable system so that military personnel could connect to the generator and validate performance.
Using MathWorks tools, Electrodynamics Associates designed a controller for the 200 KW generator that operates at 62,000 RPM for a military airborne application.
After defining the technical specifications, Vaidya and his team used MATLAB® and Simulink® to model the generator and the power electronics system and to design the control loop. Before they built the generator, they ran simulations of their models to simulate the operation of the generator and validate performance.
While the physical system is constructed to provide three-phase power output, the mathematics that describe the current and voltage generation is complex and difficult to implement. Electrodynamics Associates simplified the mathematics with Simulink by expressing the current and voltage generation in a rotating frame of reference.
"The conversion from the three-phase model is too complex for other software packages," says Vaidya. "Simulink let us make these conversions easily."
Using Simulink, Electrodynamics Associates identified the quantities of voltage and current in the rotating frame. Using that data, they controlled the output voltage of the generator. They also modeled the system failure modes and the actions to protect the system in the event of failure.
After completing the preliminary design, mechanical and electrical engineers built the actual generator along with the power electronic devices and control interfaces.
They then used Simulink Coder to generate C code from the Simulink controller model, which they downloaded to xPC Target to control their machine. They then tuned and calibrated the controller for generator characteristics.
"There are certain parameters that you cannot measure, such as those that change with temperature," says Vaidya. "You need to estimate parameters in the design stage and then run the machine to tune the controller. This can be a slow process, but xPC Target lets us do it quickly."
Electrodynamics Associates will deliver its design to the military on a CD that contains all of the Simulink models, along with a PC and other hardware to run the system in real time using xPC Target.
The company is incorporating DSP-based controllers, and plans to deploy code onto their new real-time controller for TI's C2000 and C6000 DSPs using Embedded Coder®.
 - Costly hardware prototypes avoided. "We used to build the controllers with resistors, capacitors, and chips, which was expensive because it took a long time to make changes," says Vaidya. "xPC Target lets us make a change by essentially typing in a number."
 - Project deadlines met with automatically generated code. "We couldn't have completed the project without Simulink Coder," says Ottman Elkhomri, an electrical engineer at Electrodynamics Associates. "Our models are so complex that we wouldn't think of writing the code by hand, plus the error messages ease our debugging."
 - Future development time reduced with reusable models. Electrodynamics Associates is already reusing the models from this project for a 30 KW generator. "We're using essentially the same models, except that we change the numbers," says Vaidya. "That alone will save us 80-100 hours in development time."
To design a 200 KW generator capable of achieving 62,000 RPM
Use MathWorks tools to model the generator, the power electronics system, and the control loop and provide real-time control for laboratory tests and the customer deliverable
 - Costly hardware prototypes avoided
 - Project deadlines met with automatically generated code
 - Future development time reduced with reusable models
Products Used
Learn more about Electrodynamics Associates


text: How should we positively interact with others from all types of backgrounds in ways that acknowledge God's diversity in the world? What are effective ways to engage in cross-cultural collaboration endeavors that honor and respect the culture of those involved with our efforts? The principles of cultural humility, beginning with intentional relationship building, provide a framework that can guide our cross-cultural interactions and partnerships with others both locally and globally, in ways that respect both the culture and backgrounds of others. In this book, Eloise Hockett and John Muhanji share their unique experiences of cross-cultural collaboration using the principles of cultural humility, primarily in Kenya. From Mt. Elgon, to a village in rural Kenya, to working with teachers in schools, John and Eloise describe each project through the lens and perspective of an American and a Kenyan. Within these narratives, Eloise and John also share their journey of how they learned to engage and work with one another and learn from each other. John and Eloise believe their collaborative efforts incorporating the themes of cultural humility fully demonstrate how God can work through each person regardless of their cultural background, in order to carry out His plan in the world. ""At the heart of this book is a deep commitment by the authors to recognize and honor each other's cultures. The examples in this book are both encouraging and useful in themselves, but they also set principles that can be applied to other cross-cultural efforts. At a time when we think communication is becoming very easy, this book provides help when technology is not enough."" --David Brandt, President Emeritus, George Fox University Eloise Hockett has been involved in all areas of education for many years, most recently as a Professor of Education at George Fox University. Eloise is passionate and committed to justice and education for girls and women throughout the world. John Muhanj is the Director of the Africa Ministries Office of Friends United Meeting based in Kisumu, Kenya. John is committed to supporting leadership training and spiritual renewal in the Friends Churches throughout East Africa.


text:
Skip to Main Content
Hybrid nanoelectronics are emerging as one viable option to sustain the Moorepsilas Law after the CMOS scaling limit is reached. One main design challenge in hybrid nanoelectronics is the interface (named as demux) between the highly dense nanowires in nanodevice crossbars and relatively coarse microwires in CMOS domain. The prior work on demux design use a single type of devices to realize the demultiplexing function, but hardly provides a satisfactory solution. This work proposes to combine resistor with FET to implement the demux, leading to the so-called hybrid resistor/FET-logic demux. Such hybrid demux architecture can make these two types of devices well complement each other to improve the overall demux design effectiveness. Furthermore, the effects of resistor conductance variability are analyzed and evaluated based on computer simulations.
Date of Conference: 7-10 Oct. 2007


text:
Developing leaders for a diverse democracy is an increasingly important aim of higher education and social justice is ever more a goal of leadership education efforts. Accordingly, it is important to explore how dominant leadership models, as blueprints for student leadership development, account for and may unwittingly reinforce systems of domination, like racism. This critical discourse analysis, rooted in racialization and color-evasiveness, examines three prominent college student leadership development models to examine how leaders and leadership are racialized. We find that all three leadership texts frame leaders and leadership in color-evasive ways. Specifically, the texts' discourses reveal three mechanisms for evading race in leadership: focusing on individual identities, emphasizing universality, and centering collaboration. Implications for race in leadership development, the social construction of leadership more broadly, and future scholarship are discussed.
A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF MAINSTREAM COLLEGE STUDENT LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT MODELS


text:
Action against cartels is a specific type of antitrust enforcement. A cartel is a group of similar, independent companies which join together to fix prices, to limit production or to share markets or customers between them.
Instead of competing with each other, cartel members rely on each others' agreed course of action, which reduces their incentives to provide new or better products and services at competitive prices. As a consequence, their clients (consumers or other businesses) end up paying more for less quality.
This is why cartels are illegal under EU competition law and why the European Commission imposes heavy fines on companies involved in a cartel.
Since cartels are illegal, they are generally highly secretive and evidence of their existence is not easy to find. The 'leniency policy' encourages companies to hand over inside evidence of cartels to the European Commission. The first company in any cartel to do so will not have to pay a fine. This results in the cartel being destabilised. In recent years, most cartels have been detected by the European Commission after one cartel member confessed and asked for leniency, though the European Commission also successfully continues to carry out its own investigations to detect cartels.
Since 2008 companies found by the Commission to have participated in a cartel can settle their case by acknowledging their involvement in the cartel and getting a smaller fine in return.


text:
FACTS ABOUT DENMARK
:black_small_square: Danes have a special word "hygge" for that cozy feeling of togetherness. It means relaxing in great company.
:black_small_square: Lego was invented in Denmark
:black_small_square: Denmark is one of the oldest monarchies in Europe
:black_small_square: No matter where you are in Denmark, you'll never be more than 50km from the sea. And with over 7,000km of coastline, it's hardly surprising that beach holidays are a popular part of Danish culture
:black_small_square: First acknowledged in 1219, the Danish flag remains the oldest state flag in the world still in use by an independent nation
:black_small_square: Bluetooth was named after the Danish Viking King Harald "blåtand" Gormsson. Gormsson was also known for his dead tooth. Therefore his nickname was Blåtand, which literally translates from Danish to "Bluetooth."
:small_orange_diamond: Skagen - Grenen (means the branch, which is the top of Denmark where to oceans meet)
:small_orange_diamond: Copenhagen - Nyhavn (New Harbour)
:small_orange_diamond: Copenhagen - Runde taarn
:small_orange_diamond: Vesterhavet (the West coast)
:small_orange_diamond: Bridgewalking Lillebælt
None of these pictures are mine - credit to the rightful owners


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Killing Floor Quiz | Eight Week Quiz D
Lee Child
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Eight Week Quiz D
Name: _____________________________ Period: ___________________________
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Who picks Reacher up at the prison?
(a) Chief Morrison.
(b) Officer Finlay.
(c) Officer Roscoe.
(d) Officer Stevenson.
2. What upsets Roscoe about the Morrisons' murders?
(a) Finding Morrison's missing body parts.
(b) The violence of the murders.
(c) All the blood.
(d) That Mrs. Morrison had to die also.
3. Why does Reacher say that Finlay will not be the new chief of police?
(a) Because he is not a criminal.
(b) Because he is not qualified.
(c) Because he is black.
(d) Because he is a newcomer in town.
4. On Monday, with whom does Jack plan to have an early lunch?
(a) Finlay.
(b) Stevenson.
(c) Baker.
(d) Roscoe.
5. Besides Finlay, who does Reacher want to help him?
(a) The chief.
(b) Stevenson.
(c) Baker.
(d) Roscoe.
Short Answer Questions
1. What is the name of the bar where Roscoe and Reacher go?
2. Who will appoint a new Margrave chief of police?
3. What is the name of the state prison?
4. When Reacher has lunch with Roscoe on Monday, who is also at Eno's?
5. Why is Charlie concerned about her husband on Monday afternoon?
(see the answer key)
This section contains 222 words
(approx. 1 page at 300 words per page)
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text:
Distance between Hyesan and Yangp'yŏng
Distance from Hyesan to Yangp'yŏng is 273 miles / 439 kilometers and driving distance is 457 miles or 736 kilometers. Travel time by car is about 9 hours 25 minutes.
Map showing the distance from Hyesan to Yangp'yŏng
|Air distance:||miles km|
|Driving distance:||miles km|
Time difference between Hyesan and Yangp'yŏng
There is no time difference between Hyesan and Yangp'yŏng. Current local time in Hyesan and Yangp'yŏng is 22:59 KST (2023-03-23)


text:
In this paper, an approach using polynomial phase chirp signals to model somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) is proposed. SEP waveforms are assumed as impulses undergoing group velocity dispersion while propagating along a multipath neural connection. Mathematical analysis of pulse dispersion resulting in chirp signals is performed. An automatic parameterization of SEPs is proposed using chirp models. A Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm is used to optimize the model parameters. Features describing the latencies and amplitudes of SEPs are automatically derived. A rat model is then used to evaluate the automatic parameterization of SEPs in two experimental cases, i.e., anesthesia level and spinal cord injury (SCI). Experimental results show that chirp-based model parameters and the derived SEP features are significant in describing both anesthesia level and SCI changes. The proposed automatic optimization based approach for extracting chirp parameters offers potential for detailed SEP analysis in future studies. The method implementation in Matlab technical computing language is provided online.
Sign-in or become an IEEE member to discover the full contents of the paper.


text:
Development of a novel intraoral measurement device to determine the biomechanical characteristics of the human periodontal ligament.
- Drolshagen, Marcel; Keilig, Ludger; Hasan, I.; Reimann, S; Deschner, J.; Brinkmann, K. T.; Krause, Rolf; Favino, Marco; Bourauel, Christoph
- Periodontal diseases like gingivitis and periodontitis have damaging effects on the periodontium and commonly affect the mechanical properties of the periodontal ligament (PDL), which in the end might lead to loss of teeth. Monitoring tooth mobility and changes of the material properties of the PDL might help in early diagnosis of periodontal diseases and improve their prognosis. It was the aim of this study to develop a novel intraoral device to determine the biomechanical characteristics of the periodontal ligament. This includes the measurement of applied forces and resulting tooth displacement in order to investigate the biomechanical behaviour of the periodontium with varying loading protocols with respect to velocity and tooth displacement. The developed device uses a piezoelectric actuator to apply a displacement to a tooth''s crown, and the resulting force is measured by an integrated force sensor. To measure the tooth displacement independently and non-invasively, two magnets are fixed on the teeth. The change in the magnetic field caused by the movement of the magnets is measured by a total of 16 Hall sensors. The displacement of the tooth is calculated from the movement of the magnets. The device was tested in vitro on premolars of four porcine mandibular segments and in vivo on two volunteers. The teeth were loaded with varying activation curves. Comparing the force progression of different activation velocities, the forces decreased with decreasing velocity. Intensive testing demonstrated that the device fulfils all requirements. After acceptance of the ethical committee, further testing in clinical measurements is planned.
- Type of Publication:
- Journal of Biomechanics
- 2136 - 2143


text:
Title: Plan, from the circumference series
Dimensions: 510cm (radius)
Techinique: 97 ceramic roofing tiles
Local: Vermelho Gallery '" São Paulo – Brazil
Exploration of possibilities in the geometry of basic materials construction (tile). The circumference series part of common tiles given that your geometry trapezoidal allow create a circumference which is derived directly from the angle of opening of the tiles. In this way, each type of tile therefore leads to a different diameter, being the constant the biggest opening angle with the smaller diameter. The name of the circumference is taken by the name of the tile and the quantity of tiles is also determined by its geometry.