Is Chocolate Keto-Friendly Or Not?
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Is Chocolate Keto-Friendly?
Chocolate is the most lovable food that gives you the maximum flavor, taste, aroma, and passionate satisfaction. This is the most consumed sweet food worldwide. No one feels reluctant to have the chocolate.
That is why it becomes difficult for keto dieters to maintain their sweet carvings. But, it is really important to know that chocolate is good for health and keto diet. If it is taken or used in an appropriate amount, chocolate is good. Let's explore the details about chocolate in your keto diet in this article.
Chocolate in keto diet
What Is Dark Chocolate?
This is a delicious and sweet food loaded with different nutrition's. It depends on the cocoa content, which gives you minerals, fiber, and antioxidants. On the other hand, it also contains carbs that are not good for the keto diet. This chocolate is made with a combination of cocoa, sugar, and fat.
There is no addition of milk solids which made it less sugary. It has more amount of cocoa than sugar. The addition of sugar practiced to reduce the bitterness of cocoa in the chocolate. Every kind of chocolate made differently according to their manufacturer. Which is why the content of cocoa and sugar may vary from brand to brand.
Cocoa quantity may make it look darker and give your lesser amount of sugar. High-quality dark chocolate has the flavonoids that are the powerful antioxidants. Moreover, it has more amount of flavonoids than other foods such as apple, red wine or black tea. This may give many benefits to your health by reducing the risk of heart diseases and support brain health.
Carbs Quantity In Chocolate
Carbs are found in each food, but their quantity varies. A few candies and sweets always had more amount of carbs which is not allowed in the keto diet. But, dark chocolate has a lower amount of carbs than other sweet foods.
High-quality dark chocolate has 70-80% cocoa which has 3g of fiber and 13g of carbs. So, consuming high-quality dark chocolate may gives you 10g net carbs. The availability of carbs is certainly sure in dark chocolate. So, you can manage it by taking an appropriate amount.
Can You Eat Dark Chocolate On Your Keto Diet?
Keto diet is a low-carb diet that restricts your carbs intake. You have to take a limited amount of carbs. So, dark chocolate has carb content, but you can choose it in a moderate amount when you are on a keto diet.
In a standard keto diet, you have to take 5% carbs in a day and taking 1 ounce of chocolate may allocate the daily carb intake. The quantity and quality of consumed chocolate are significant because what you eat will be included in your keto diet.
So, manage your carbs intake and avoid other high-carb foods if you have already consumed chocolate. Choose that chocolate which has high-quality manufacturing that has 70-80% cocoa solids. If you found a lesser amount of cocoa from 70%, then, avoid that kind of chocolate because it carries more amount of carbs.
Moreover, do not go for large servings and keep a balance in eating chocolate to maintain your daily carbs intake.
dark Chocolate is keto
How To Use Dark Chocolate Differently?
Dark chocolate is so yummy that you can add to your different recipes. There are various recipes that you can try to fuse it with different ingredients and increase its support for the keto diet. Here are some foods that you can add to your keto diet by blending with chocolate. They are:
You may have many other recipes related to dark chocolate and add into your keto diet.
Final Thought
Chocolate Is a Keto-Friendly food that can help you to have the fiber, minerals, and antioxidants to support your weight loss and maintain carbs for your keto diet. This is a keto-friendly food which not only gives you nutrition but also improves the quality of your keto diet.
This is a sweet treat which allures your taste buds and makes you fall in love with its fantastic flavor and texture. But, try to keep a balance between the quality and quantity of chocolate when you are on a keto diet.
Compromise on both of these things may affect your dieting outcomes and make it more challenging to maintain the ketosis. So, look at the quantity and quality of your chocolate before you eat.
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Do a binary search for a given value within a character string array, accompanied by an order vector. Return the index of the matching array entry, or -1 if the key value is not found.
VARIABLE I/O DESCRIPTION -------- --- -------------------------------------------------- value I Key value to be found in array. ndim I Dimension of array. lenvals I String length. array I Character string array to search. order I Order vector. The function returns the index of the first matching array element or -1 if the value is not found.
value is the key value to be found in the array. Trailing blanks space in this key are not significant: string matches found by this routine do not require trailing blanks in value to match those in the corresponding element of array. ndim is the dimension of the array. lenvals is the declared length of the strings in the input string array, including null terminators. The input array should be declared with dimension [ndim][lenvals] array is the array of character srings to be searched. Trailing blanks in the strings in this array are not significant. order is an order vector which can be used to access the elements of array in order. The contents of order are a permutation of the sequence of integers ranging from zero to ndim-1.
The function returns the index of the specified value in the input array. Indices range from zero to ndim-1. If the input array does not contain the specified value, the function returns -1. If the input array contains more than one occurrence of the specified value, the returned index may point to any of the occurrences.
A binary search is performed on the input array, whose order is given by an associated order vector. If an element of the array is found to match the input value, the index of that element is returned. If no matching element is found, -1 is returned.
Let the input arguments array and order contain the following elements: array order "FEYNMAN" 1 "BOHR" 2 "EINSTEIN" 0 "NEWTON" 4 "GALILEO" 3 Then bschoc_c ( "NEWTON", 5, lenvals, array, order ) == 3 bschoc_c ( "EINSTEIN", 5, lenvals, array, order ) == 2 bschoc_c ( "GALILEO", 5, lenvals, array, order ) == 4 bschoc_c ( "Galileo", 5, lenvals, array, order ) == -1 bschoc_c ( "BETHE", 5, lenvals, array, order ) == -1
1) The input array is assumed to be sorted in increasing order. If this condition is not met, the results of bschoc_c are unpredictable. 2) String comparisons performed by this routine are Fortran-style: trailing blanks in the input array or key value are ignored. This gives consistent behavior with CSPICE code generated by the f2c translator, as well as with the Fortran SPICE Toolkit. Note that this behavior is not identical to that of the ANSI C library functions strcmp and strncmp.
1) If ndim < 1 the function value is -1. This is not considered an error. 2) If input key value pointer is null, the error SPICE(NULLPOINTER) will be signaled. The function returns -1. 3) The input key value may have length zero. This case is not considered an error. 4) If the input array pointer is null, the error SPICE(NULLPOINTER) will be signaled. The function returns -1. 5) If the input array string's length is less than 2, the error SPICE(STRINGTOOSHORT) will be signaled. The function returns -1. 6) If memory cannot be allocated to create a Fortran-style version of the input order vector, the error SPICE(MALLOCFAILED) is signaled. The function returns -1 in this case.
N.J. Bachman (JPL) W.L. Taber (JPL) I.M. Underwood (JPL)
-CSPICE Version 1.0.0, 26-AUG-2002 (NJB) (WLT) (IMU)
search in a character array

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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This chapter presents a brief introduction to federated portals and discusses the advantages of federated portals and the kinds of problems that federation solves. This chapter includes the following sections:
A federated portal is a portal that includes remotely distributed resources, including remote portlets, books, and pages. These remote resources are collected and brought together at runtime to a portal application called a consumer, which presents the federated portal to end users. Unlike a non-federated, entirely local portal, in most cases, the individual remote parts of a federated portal can be maintained, updated, and released independently without redeploying the consumer portal in which they are surfaced.
Federated portals are:
Figure 2-1 illustrates the basic parts of a federated portal: producers and consumers. A producer is a portal web application that offers remote portlets to other portal web applications, called consumers. Both producers and consumers implement a web services layer that enable them to communicate. This web services layer allows producers to offer portlets to consumers on remote systems. Consumers bring these remote, distributed portlets together at runtime. The remote portlets themselves can be developed and maintained by different groups of people. If one remote portlet on a producer is changed, other portlets within a consumer that consumes the updated portlet are not typically affected. Furthermore, the look and feel of a remote portlet can be made to be consistent with the federated portal in which is resides. To end users of federated portals, the remote portlets are indistinguishable from local ones.
|Tip:||A federated portal reflects a true Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). An SOA strategy organizes discrete functions contained in enterprise applications into interoperable, standards-based services that can be combined and reused quickly to meet business needs. As you will see, this definition of SOA describes well the essence of a federated portal.|
Throughout this guide, the term remote portlet refers to a portlet that is deployed in a consumer application and that references a portlet deployed in a producer application. Another term for a remote portlet is a proxy portlet. The term proxy portlet appears in some WebLogic Portal configuration files. Please note that remote portlet and proxy portlet are synonymous. In a federated environment, a producer hosts functioning portlets, while consumer applications host proxy portlets.
Before federation, all of a portal's portlets were deployed within the same web application. This model works well for a portal's initial deployment, but as the portal grows the maintenance effort grows proportionally, as illustrated in Figure 2-2.
Typical portal maintenance includes bug fixes, enhancements, adding new portlets, testing, and propagating the portal from a development to a staging to a production environment. Larger portals simply contain more parts, more code, which must be bound within the same portal application, and which require the coordination of developers, quality assurance engineers, administrators, and others with each update. For many organizations, the cost of such maintenance is significant and can include portal downtime. Federation simplifies portal maintenance.
With a federated portal architecture, separate development teams, perhaps in separate business units, operating in different geographical locations, can focus on and develop their respective portlets. These development teams can update, test, and release their portlets independently from one another. You do not need to redeploy a federated portal every time a portlet deployed in a producer changes. When a remote portlet is updated in a producer, all of the consumers of that portlet receive the change immediately and automatically. As illustrated in Figure 2-3, the most significant benefit of a federated portal architecture is that the maintenance effort for a portal is greatly reduced compared to a non-federated portal.
The next section further discusses the advantages of using a federated portal architecture.
As explained in the previous section, federation offers significant benefits in portal deployment and maintenance. This section looks more closely at these and other benefits, and includes these topics:
Federation represents more than just a new WebLogic Portal feature. Federation represents a new paradigm for developers and administrators of portal web applications, particularly moderate to large-scale portal web applications. Central to this new paradigm are standards, such as Web Services for Remote Portlets (WSRP), that allow portlets to be decoupled from portals. For more information on WSRP, see What is WSRP?.
Rather than bundling all of a portal's portlets into a single application, you can deploy portlets in separate web applications running on remote systems while the federated portal consumes them using WSRP. Because the federated portal is decoupled from its portlets, you do not need to redeploy the portal every time a portlet changes. For most WebLogic Portal projects, this decoupling represents an immediate and significant savings in time and money.
Perhaps the most significant benefit of portal federation is this: Federated portals do not have to be redeployed when their remote portlets are updated.
In a standard portal, all portlets are part of a monolithic enterprise application. If you want to change a portlet, even make a trivial change, the entire enterprise application must be redeployed. Likewise, adding new portlets requires redeployment. Usually, portal redeployment, particularly of large-scale enterprise portals, involves expensive testing and potential downtime.
In a federated portal, remote portlets are not part of a single enterprise application. Remote portlets are deployed in separate web applications, typically, on remote systems called producers. The federated portal consumes these portlets using standard Web Services for Remote Portlet (WSRP) and Web Services Description Language (WSDL). When you change a portlet, such as by adding or removing a feature or fixing a bug, the remote portlets that reference it automatically reflect the change. You do not have to redeploy your enterprise portal application.
A federated portal is a true example of a plug and play Service Oriented Architecture. In most cases, a portal administrator can locate a remote portlet and incorporate it into a portal without enlisting the help of a developer.
Because the portlets and other services in federated portals are distributed, multiple teams can work on and deploy new features independently of one another. Before federation, different teams had to synchronize their deployment schedules and their software configurations, such as service pack releases and software library versions. With federation, independent teams can focus on producing the best possible software solutions without such tight coupling. Through the mechanism of web services, developers of federated portals simply consume the software resources produced by these independent development teams.
Portal administrators can incorporate new remote portlets into a portal by locating a producer and picking the desired portlets. From the administrator's standpoint, these remote portlets are fully tested and ready for use. No coding, testing, or complex configuration is required by the developers or administrators of the consumer portal.
If a portlet relies on specific software libraries, a strong dependency exists that must be managed. Changes to either the portlet or the library version can create incompatibilities with existing code. Because remote portlets are developed, tested, deployed, and run on remote systems, a federated portal that uses remote portlets is isolated from such dependencies.
A portlet that is exposed through a producer can be reused by any number of consumers with minimal work and no additional coding. As mentioned previously, with federation, this reuse can be accomplished without the overhead of integration, deployment, configuration, and testing that would be required otherwise.
Because federated portals are loosely coupled and standards based, it is possible for a WebLogic Portal to consume portlets from third-party vendors. Likewise, it is possible for third-party portals to consume portlets hosted in WebLogic Portal.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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What does HAT mean in Medical?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand HAT in the field in general and in the Medical terminology in particular.
Human African Trypanosomiasis
Find a translation for HAT in other languages:
Select another language:
What does HAT mean?
- hat, chapeau, lid(noun)
- headdress that protects the head from bad weather; has shaped crown and usually a brim


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Custom curriculum majors figure out how to show youngsters with particular needs, for example, outwardly impeded or listening to incapacitated understudies, understudies with learning or conduct disarranges, rationally disabled understudies, and/or understudies with a mix of moderate or extreme handicaps
Custom curriculum majors take exceptionally particular classes on inability and jumble appraisal, kid advancement, and classroom administration. They consolidate standard instructive practice into a specific system to address the issues of their understudies.
The Special Education major requires uncommon persistence and a huge craving to work with kids who have extremely exceptional necessities. You need to deal with the greater part of the exercises in the classroom while still successfully conveying your educational modules. With its numerous difficulties, majors who go ahead to show Special Education discover it exceptionally compensating.


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Clover seed brings benefits to Oregon's growers and the environment
Expanding the market for crimson clover seed means economic growth and fertilizer reduction
Crimson clover isn't just a pretty sight to passersby – the seed crop was worth more than $5 million to Oregon in 2011. OSU Extension is working to boost that number by promoting the clover's nitrogen-producing qualities to growers in other states.
Crimson clover has long been used as a cover crop, and because it puts nitrogen into the soil, it can help growers save on fertilizer and reduce chemicals from leaching into groundwater. More than 95 percent of the crimson clover seed produced in the United States comes from western Oregon. Of the 7,650 acres harvested last year in Oregon, 63 percent of it came from Washington County.
Extension field crop faculty member Nicole Anderson has been working with the Oregon Clover Commission to form partnerships with local Extension agents, crop consultants and growers in other states. Anderson and the commission also created a popular brochure with recommendations for establishing and managing crimson clover cover crops.
Source: Oregon Agricultural Information Network, Nicole Anderson


Dene 'Tha, Settlement
The Dene Tha, also called the Slavey, are a tribe that live in northern Alberta. In the old days they organized themselves into six bands, and lived in small family groupings with no central government. They were a peaceful people who enjoyed telling stories.
The clothing of the Dene 'Tha was more decorative than other Athapaskan tribes. Before beads were obtained through trade, they used porcupine quills and colored moose hair for adornment.
The Dene 'Tha diet included moose, deer and caribou, but fish was considered a staple, caught during the winter months by running spruce root nets from one hole in the ice to another.
Their dwellings were conical lodges (similar to a Tipi) made usually of spruce bark or brush and two families tended to place their lodges together, with entrances facing the fire. During the winter months the Dene 'Tha lived in low, oblong cabins constructed of poles with walls chinked together with moss and a roof of spruce boughs.


format as for the links produced by Uplug). There is a small gold standard for the example bitext used in 3f). Alignments produced above can be evaluated using the following command:
 uplug-evalalign -gold -in svenprf.links | less
Several measures will be computed by comparing reference links with links proposed by the system.
Word alignment (using existing clues)
3c) and 3f) explained how to run the aligner with all its sub-processes. However, existing clues do not have to be computed each time. Existing clues can be re-used for further alignent runs. The user can specify the set of clues that should be used for aligning words. The following command runs the word aligner with one clue type (GIZA++ translation probabilities):
 uplug align/word/test/link -gw -in svenprf.xces -out
Weights can be set independently for each clue type. For example, in the example above we can specify a clue weight (e.g. 0.01) for GIZA++ clues using the following runtime parameter: '-gw_w 0.01'. Lots of different clues may be used depending on what has been computed before. The following table gives an overview of some available runtime clue-parameters.
 clue-flag weight-flag clue type
 -sim -sim_w LCSR (string similarity)
 -dice -dice_w Dice coefficient
 -mi -mi_w point-wise Mututal Information
 -tscore -tscore_w t-scores
 -gw -gw_w GIZA++ trained on tokenised plain text
 -gp -gp_w GIZA++ trained on POS tags
 -gpw -gpw_w GIZA++ trained on words and POS tags
 -gwp -gwp_w GIZA++ trained on word-prefixes (3 character)
 -gws -gws_w GIZA++ trained on word-suffixes (3 character)
 -gwi -gwi_w GIZA++ inverse (same as -gw)
 -gpi -gpi_w GIZA++ inverse (same as -gp)
 -gpwi -gpwi_w GIZA++ inverse (same as -gpw)
 -gwpi -gwpi_w GIZA++ inverse (same as -gwp)
 -gwsi -gwsi_w GIZA++ inverse (same as -gws)
 -dl -dl_q dynamic clue (words)
 -dlp -dlp_w dynamic clue (words+POS)
 -dp3 -dp3_w dynamic clue (POS-trigram)
 -dcp3 -dcp3_w dynamic clue (chunklabel+POS-trigram)
 -dpx -dpx_w dynamic clue (POS+relative position)
 -dp3x -dp3x_w dynamic clue (POS trigram+relative position)
 -dc3 -dc3_w dynamic clue (chunk label trigram)
 -dc3p -dc3p_w dynamic clue (chunk label trigram+POS)
 -dc3x -dc3x_w dynamic clue (chunk trigram+relative position)
Word alignment (basic mode)
There is another standard setting for word alignment:
 uplug align/word/basic -in 1988sven.xml -out basic.links
The word aligner will * create basic clues (Dice and LCSR) * run GIZA++ with standard settings (trained on plain text) * align words with existing clues
Word alignment results are stored in basic.links. You may look at word type links using the following script:
 /path/to/uplug/tools/xces2dic < basic.links | less
Word alignment (advanced mode)
This settings is similar to the tagged word alignmen settings (3i) but the last two steps will be repeated 3 times (learning clues from precious alignments). This is the slowest standard setting for word alignment.
 uplug align/word/advanced -in svenprf.xces -out advanced.links
 /path/to/uplug/tools/xces2dic < advanced.links | less
See also ^
More information on Uplug module configurations: Look at Uplug::Config
More downloads:
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In Act II scene 1 of Molière's 1668 comedy Amphitryon, the servant Sosie is trying to explain to his master Amphitryon that he has seen his doppelgänger but Amphitryon refuses to believe him, here is the extract:
Oui, moi : non pas le moi d'ici,
Mais le moi du logis, qui frappe comme quatre.
Te confonde le Ciel de me parler ainsi!
I don't understand what Amphitryon is trying to convey. Is he saying that he wishes Sosie to be humiliated in front of the Heavens for talking to his master in a such a manner? He's using subjunctive so it's similar to "May God have mercy on me" and "Te" is the object so it could be "May the Heavens humiliate you". The sentence doesn't start with "Que" so it's quite confusing.
Also, my teacher says that exclamation point and the use of "confondre" means that Amphitryon hopes for an irrefutable conclusion in the form of blackmail. But since I don't understand the sentence, I don't understand how the explanation works either.


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This arcade like-game that works well for catechism lessons when covering Luke 5:1-11 or Mark 1:16-19. In these Scripture readings, Jesus calls Peter and his other disciples to follow him.
"And Jesus said to them, "Follow Me, and I will make you become fishers of men."[Mark 1:17]
The goal is to fish and catch one of the 12 disciples using a pole made from a canning ring attached by string to a yardstick. Kids will think right away the challenge is easy, but it is difficult due to the long lever arm of the pole. There is little precise control because a little wiggle of the end of the pole makes the canning ring move a lot!
Supplies of the Fishing of Disciples Game:
- 12 heavy bottles the shape of beer bottles or wine coolers
- Laminated cutouts of the 12 Disciples rubber-banded to the bottles
- enlarge and print the 12 disciples character sheet available from Kristy Mcallister's blog on cardstock
- laminate each individual photo
- 2 Fishing poles made of a yard stick, a 3 feet piece of string and a wide-mouth canning lid
Setup of the Fishing for Disciples Game:
- Divide the class into 2 teams
- Divide the Disciple bottles between the 2 teams.
To Play Fishing for Disciples Game:
- Line each team in front of their group of 6 bottles
- Give the first person in each line a "canning ring fishing pole".
- Designate a timer and a point recorder.
- Give each person 1 minute to try to get the ring on as many Disciples bottles as possible. Remove the Disciple bottle from play once caught.
- The next person in line is to try to catch remaining Disciple bottles.
- If a team catches all bottles before the last person is finished with their turn, then reset the bottles and then that team gets bonus for each additional Apostle caught.
If it is too difficult, move the bottles close enough to each other so they touch each other.


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How to recognise an authorised medicinal product?
In Belgium an authorised medicinal product is a medicine that:
- is sold by a pharmacist (only they are allowed to do so);
- has a marketing authorisation (MA) or registration number (a medicine cannot be sold without registration or marketing authorisation).
- What exactly is a marketing authorisation or registration number?
- Where to find the marketing authorisation or registration number?
- And what about medicines directly prepared by the pharmacist (magistral and officinal preparations)?
- How can I check if I am buying authorised medicines?
- What tools does the FAMHP make available to me to recognize an authorised medicinal product?
The sale of medicines is very strictly regulated and controlled by the competent authorities (in Belgium, the Federal Agency for Medicines and Health Products - FAMHP).
Before it is sold in licensed pharmacies, the competent authorities assess the quality, safety and efficacy of each medicine.
In order to make this assessment the experts of the competent authorities base their evaluation on scientific data such as:
- The results of toxicological, pharmacological and clinical tests carried out with the medicine;
- The scientific literature;
- The quality data;
- Any other relevant scientific data.
When the quality, safety and efficacy of a medicine are considered satisfactory, it is allowed to be sold in licensed pharmacies.
The authorisation or registration is granted:
- either by the Minister responsible for public health after receiving the opinion of the relevant scientific committee in the AFMPS
- or by the European Commission after consultation, as appropriate, with the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) or with the Committee for Medicinal products for Veterinary Use (CVMP), established within the European Medicines Agency (EMA).
All authorised or registered medicinal products receive a marketing authorisation (MA) or registration number.
The term "registration" is more specifically used for certain homeopathic medicines or herbal products traditionally used as medicines (where the safety has been demonstrated by the length of use and experience). These are registered based on a simplified scientific dossier.
To find a marketing authorisation or registration number you should consult the packaging of the medicine.
The number can be in different formats:
(x : figure and Y : letter)
- xxxx YY xxxx F xxx
- BExxxxxx (new numbering from 2008)
- BE-Vxxxxxx (new numbering from 2008 for medicinal products for veterinary use)
- EU/1/xx/xxx/xxx (medicinal product authorised by the European Commission)
For an homeopathic medicine
- xxxx CH xxxx F xx or xxxx UH xxxx F xx (notification)
- HO-BExxxxxx (MA)
- HO-BE-CHxxxxxx or HO-BE-UHxxxxxx (registration)
For a herbal medicinal product
- BE-TUxxxxxx (registration)
- xxxx YY xxxx F xxx, BExxxxxx or EU/1/xx/xxx/xxx (MA)
Some drugs are prepared in a pharmacy under the responsibility of the pharmacist. These are called preparations. Two kinds of preparations are made in pharmacies. These are:
- Magistral preparations: medicines specifically prescribed by a physician for a specific patient;
- Officinal preparations: medicines that are not specific to only one patient. These medicines are prepared according to the recommendations of reference books relating to the preparation of medicines as a pharmacopoeia (book that teaches how to prepare medicines) or the "Formulaire thérapeutique magistral" (published in Belgium by the FAMHP for the preparation of medicines in pharmacies).
These preparations are made in accordance with specific rules or "best officinal practices» described in the regulations. All materials used must meet strict quality criteria.
These drugs prepared in pharmacies have a number assigned by the pharmacist. It's not a marketing authorisation or registration number as described above.
Buy your medicines ONLY through legal distribution channels:
- In a licensed pharmacy
- In case of medicinal products for human use and not subject to medical prescription, possibly via the website of a licensed pharmacy notified to the FAMHP and the Order of Pharmacists (list of notified sites).
By buying drugs outside the legal distribution channels you may receive counterfeit or falsified medicines and / or you may use them improperly.
Their quality, safety, efficiency cannot be guaranteed as these medicines sold outside the legal channels evade the control of the competent authorities (see the "Medicines by internet! Do not surf with your health!" campaign).
The FAMHP offers three sources of information.
The database of authorised medicinal products which allows you to see if the medicine you are looking for is indeed authorised or registered.
Click here to view
- The database of authorised or registered medicinal products for human use
- The database of authorised medicinal products for veterinary use
The patient information leaflet (which is in the packaging) and the summary of product characteristics or SPC (especially intended for health professionals) of each medicine were approved at the time of the marketing authorisation or registration and constitute the information and the reference for its appropriate and safe prescription, delivery and use.
These documents are available via the following links
- Patient information leaflets and SPC of authorised and marketed medicines for human use
- Leaflets for the public and SPC of authorised and marketed medicines for veterinary


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
A teapoy is an item of furniture. The word is of Indian origin, and was originally used to describe a three-legged table.[1]
By erroneous association with the word "tea",[1] it is also used to describe a table with a container for tea, or a table for holding a tea service.
See also[edit]
 1. ^ a b OED, teapoy, etymology: from Hindi tīn three + Persian. pāï foot.


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District Police Departments
Use of forcible means
When on duty, the police have the right in certain situations to use forcible means that can be considered justifiable. In determining this justifiability, the factors considered include the importance and urgency of the duty, the dangerousness of the resistance being shown and the available resources.
The police are entitled to use forcible means in order to
Only the minimum necessary force is used. The lock to an apartment, for example, will not be broken unless this is urgently required. Instead, the police will acquire a key with which entry can be made without causing any damage.
Use of force is permitted in all types of police duties. While it is most commonly used in uniformed police duties, force may also be used by other police officers when, for example, apprehending offenders. Police officers, as indeed anyone else, also have the right of self-defence.
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Fidget Roller
$2.66 2.66
Available Options
1. Basic play: Gently push with the palm of your hand, rolling back and forth. When you are familiar with rolling, try to practice rolling in a triangle and square shape.
2. Advanced play Roll over the Fidget Roller from left to right with hand and control to hover on the back of the hand.
Control the FIdget Roller with hands at the same time, rolling over in the shape of square.
3. Expert
play Flip Fidget Roller to left with right hand, catch it and Hover in the back of the left hand.
Throw it to the air and let it rotate 360 degrees. Finally let it stand upright firmly with right hand.
Roll the Fidget Roller side by side with one hand
Roll five Fidget Rollers at the same time
4.Play with friends
Battle mode: People sit side by side or site opposite, roll forward to the other side alternately.
Relay mode: Three or more people stand in a row, tumble like marathon relay Material: Plastic, very safe to children
Application: Child over 6 years old and adults


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Divination is one of the optional courses that students can start taking in their third year, along with Muggle Studies, Arithmancy, Ancient Runes, and Care of Magical Creatures.
The number of OWLs taken by Percy Weasley, 12, which is the most possible, suggests that he took Divination and got an OWL.
Academic Courses at Hogwarts (does not include Flying)
2. Muggle Studies
4. Ancient Runes
5. Care of Magical Creatures
11. History of Magic
This suggests that it is possible to at least take the OWL and presumably, NEWT-level Divination also exists.
I'm not sure where Firenze went during DH because he could not return to the Forbidden Forest either, Bane had banished him. Presumably Trewlaney kept teaching it.


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It is one such predator that uses the subterranean reservoirs of the Central Desert as hunting grounds. It is about three feet (a meter) long and swims by means of paddles, one pair to each segment, beating in a wavelike action almost like an aquatic millipede. The slickribbon's mouth parts are mounted on an extendible trunk, which it can shoot out in a fraction of a second. Gloomworms that come too close to the surface of the water are its staple food source.
Garden worms are also hunted by the slickribbon when they retire to the caverns at night. They are more nutritious than gloomworms but more difficult to catch, dodging the hunters with their agile swimming action. The garden worm can also defend itself against a slickribbon by releasing a disgusting cloud of liquid in the path of the predator.


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assume that leaving the garbage where it is would be appropriate. After all, the fault wasn't on my end. More experienced husbands, however, claim that this would be a fatal mistake. We need a way to communicate the problem back to the wife. In the real world, this is easy, but in a COM+ scenario, it is not. After all, different clients can use the same Queued Component. One option would be to pass the name of an error handler component as well as a machine name along with all the other information. The husband component could then use that Queued Component to communicate the problem.
A simpler solution is the use of transactions. They allow a flexible exception handling methodology that can be adjusted by an administrator, and can allow components to run multiple times before the exception handling takes effect. We will look at that scenario in a moment. Yet another solution is passing a reference to another Queued Component. Although Queued Components normally cannot receive references to other COM objects (they would not necessarily be available when the component executes), passing queued objects for callback purposes is an exceptional case that is supported.
Here is a Visual FoxPro example for the use of a callback object:
|DEFINE CLASS Husband AS Session OLEPublic|
| PROCEDURE TakeOutGarbage(What as String,;|
| Callback as Object) AS VOID|
| Callback.Complain("No parameters specified.")|
|DEFINE CLASS WifeCallback AS Session OLEPublic|
| PROCEDURE Complain(Problem as String) AS VOID|
The husband class is a modified version of the first husband we used. I added a second parameter for the callback object and a check to make sure that the first parameter isn't empty. If it is, the callback object is invoked and the scenario ends. Otherwise, we proceed to writing the file to disk, just as we did before.
The second class is designed to be the callback class. It receives one parameter, which simply gets written to disk.
Here's the code that is used to run the example:
The Visual Basic example is very similar. We define two class modules. Here's the first one:
|Public Sub TakeOutGarbage(ByVal What As String, ByVal Callback As Object)|
| Callback.Complain ("No parameters specified.")|
This is a modified husband class that makes sure a parameter was passed. It also receives a second parameter, which is the callback object. Here's the code for that component:
|Public Sub Complain(ByVal Problem As String)|
You can run this example from a simple Visual Basic program such as this:
|Dim oHusband As VBQueuedHousehold.Husband|
|Dim oCallback AS VBQueuedHousehold.WifeCallback|
Note that the instantiation of the callback object really takes place twice. The first time is when the Queued Component is called to serve as a parameter, and the second time is when the Queued Component actually needs to call back. COM+ takes over all the details involved in this process.
No matter how you end up handling the callback scenario, the communication with the caller should be asynchronous to avoid losing the advantages of the queued architecture.
Like all other COM+ Components, Queued Components support transactions. In fact, transactions are very important in asynchronous scenarios, to avoid losing messages as well as to indicate problems.
When a Queued Component runs inside a transaction, it uses SetComplete() or SetAbort(), depending on whether or not the component was successful. When a Queued Component issues a SetAbort() to indicate an execution problem, the possible reasons are plentiful. Perhaps a database or another computer wasn't available. Perhaps some violation occurred. Either way, the message cannot just be dropped, but needs to be handled in some way. Very often, a simple retry may solve the problem. Perhaps a resource becomes available in time, or a conflict has been resolved.
Queued Components automatically put the message back into the queue for a later retry. However, unsuccessful components should not remain in the system forever. For this reason, there are several retry queues with the numbers (0 to 4) after the queue name. Every time execution fails, the message gets pushed down to the next queue.
Eventually, COM+ will give up and the message will be posted to the "deadqueue". From this queue, no additional retries will be issued. COM+ has tried to revive the message several times and now considers it dead. It is now up to the developer to pick up the corpse and handle the situation appropriately.
The easiest way to do this is by providing a queuing exception class. This class is specified in the properties of the COM+ component (not the Interface!) as shown in Figure 7. The exception class implements the same interface as the one called in a queued fashion. When a message is posted to the deadqueue, the exception class will be used for delivery rather than the real Queued Component. This provides the developer a simple and straightforward way to handle the problem. An alternative solution is to watch for messages in the deadqueue manually and handle errors appropriately, although an exception class is much easier.
Figure 7 - A queuing exception class can handle calls that could not be executed successfully even after repeated attempts.
The ability to create asynchronous scenarios so easily with Queued Components makes the complex task of creating scalable, distributed applications a much simpler process. It provides a straightforward way to perform slow tasks at a later point in time or perhaps on another computer. It also provides a simple way to call components on a machine that may not currently be available.
All of these features come with virtually no code modifications. However, the developer has to learn to "think asynchronously" to use this great functionality as efficiently as possible.


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Wuppertal is a German city that is located on the territory of North Rheine-Westphalia on the Wupper River that is a tributary to the Rhine River. The city was founded in 1929 in result of merger of 3 towns – Barman, Elberfeld and Brill.
Wuppertal is home to one of the most unusual sights in Germany – a monorail road. The construction of the road began in the end of the 19th century. Despite the fact that you can see such objects...
According to the data of 2000, the population of Wuppertal estimates 369 thousand of people.
Wuppertal is known as a large center of textile, chemical, machine building and pharmaceutical industry. This is also a large transportation crossing, an industrial and a trading center of Ruhr.
1. While communicating with the locals, it is worth keeping in mind some important nuances. When you talk to other person, you should say not only his/her name, but also the position of the person....
Architectural style of this city does not have traditional traits of gothic and baroque influences. Lutheranism has had strong positions here and so this fact is reflected in the city's architecture as well. After many ancient cities Wuppertal looks minimalistic. Even churches here are not distinguished by their elegant design. However, this doesn't mean there's absolutely nothing to see in Wuppertal. Here are not many historical sights and places of interest as the majority of them have been destroyed during bombings on World War II. Many buildings were completely burnt during the war as well. During the war times a large concentration camp was organized here. This wasn't a camp for condemned men, but a place for concentration of labor forces.
Among the sights of the city we can mention the oldest monorail pendant road in the country. The road is 13.5 kilometers long. Even it was built 110 years ago the road is functioning even now. You can also visit the city's town hall that has been renovated after the war, Bismarck's tower, the house of Engels, the local Botanical Garden, and see performances in Opera Theatre.


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Blizzard conditions, freezing rain and a March heat wave top the list of Michigan weather events on this day in history. From the National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center (SPC) archives here are the events that happened on March 13.
1904 - A snowstorm drops up to a foot of snow across Lower Michigan with record daily snowfall of 10.5 inches at Grand Rapids, 10.0 inches at Lansing and 8.0 inches at Muskegon. This snow would contribute to some of the worst floods on record in southwest Lower Michigan when it melts off during the last week of the month.
1988 – Squalls in the Great Lakes Region continued to produce heavy snow in northwest Wisconsin and Upper Michigan, and produced up to 14 inches of snow in northwest Ohio, Poplar, WI reported 27 of snow in two days. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) In Michigan, Copper Harbor receives a record 14 inches.
1997 – Low pressure tracked across Southeast Lower Michigan. The storm brought widespread precipitation, mostly in the form of freezing rain, to Southeast Michigan from late on the 13th into the morning of the 14th. Total precipitation amounts ranged from around an inch to nearly two and a half inches. In the Detroit Metropolitan area, the ice storm resulted in power outages to over 425,000 homes and businesses; one of the largest outages in history. Several thousand residents were without power for as long as 4 to 5 days. In addition to power lines, falling trees damaged dozens of cars and houses throughout the area. On the north side of this disturbance a snowstorm occurred in the U.P. A foot of snow fell in Escanaba and in the Iron Mountain area while WFO Marquette had a daily record snowfall of 26.2 inches of snow while the city of Marquette had 18 inches of snow and Big Bay had over 2 feet of snow. A strong low pressure system moved northeast through Iowa, southeast Wisconsin and northern Lower Michigan on the 14th and 15th. Heavy snow began on the afternoon of the 13th across south central Upper Michigan and overspread the entire region overnight. The snow continued until the morning of the 15th. Lake enhancement with northeast winds across Lake Superior, greatly increased snow totals over parts of northern Upper Michigan. The result was 32.4 inches of new snow at the Marquette County Airport. In a 24 hour period between 7 pm on the 13th and 7 pm on the 14th, the airport received 28 inches of snow, which broke the 24 hour snowfall record of 25.4 inches set on March 18-19, 1986.
1998 - Cold air blowing across the relatively warmer waters of Lake Superior brought heavy lake effect snow to scattered locations across West and Central Upper Michigan. Snow totals included Ironwood 16.7 inches, Ramsay 13.5 inches, Paint Lake (25 NW of Iron River) 11.8 inches, Bergland 11.7 inches, Wetmore 11.0 inches, Rockland 9.4 inches, Marquette County Airport 9.4 inches and Silver City 9.0 inches.
2004 - Widespread snow fell overnight on the 13th and the early morning of the 14th as low pressure tracked across northern Lake Superior. The heaviest snowfall amounts were over south central and eastern Upper Michigan. Snowfall totals include 12 inches at Gladstone, 10 inches at Wetmore and Cooks, and 8 inches near Grand Marais and Perronville and at Gwinn, Channing and Newberry. A gusty southwest wind also resulted in extensive blowing and drifting snow, compounding the impact of this late winter storm.
2006 - A low pressure system developing over the central Plains deepened rapidly as it moved across eastern Upper Michigan on the evening of the 13th. As a result of this strong storm, intense convective snow and blizzard conditions enveloped much of west and north central Upper Michigan on the 13th and 14th. Higher terrain locations in Gogebic, Ontonagon, Houghton, Keweenaw, Baraga and Marquette counties generally received one to two feet of snow in a 24-hour period. The greatest storm total accumulations included 33 inches in Rockland, 32 inches in Painesdale and 21 inches at the National Weather Service in Marquette. Embedded thunderstorms associated with the storm initially resulted in snowfall rates of one to two inches per hour at some locations on the 13th. Heavy sleet accumulations also occurred at Iron Mountain (one half-inch) and Two Heart in Luce County (one inch). The heavy wintry mix and blizzard conditions caused some road closures, numerous motor vehicle accidents and closed schools area wide, including Northern Michigan University in Marquette and Finlandia College in Houghton. Blizzard conditions resulted in plows being pulled off Highway 41 from Calumet to Mohawk during the evening of the 13th and early morning of the 14th. Power outages also occurred from strong winds downing trees on power lines. The county sheriff reported that the storm cancelled all activities across Ontonagon County.
2012 - Temperatures soar to record highs as an extreme spell of warm weather begins for the month of March. Grand Rapids sets a record with their earliest 80 degree temperature on record. Other temperature records include Muskegon 77°, Lansing 79°, Flint 76°, and Marquette 63°.


Brooks Instrument Mass Flow Control Technology Featured in Food Engineering Magazine
MFCs are used in a variety of food & beverage manufacturing processes to provide a measurable, continuous amount of gas to complete the recipe.
Al Harvey, Industrial Flow Specialist for Brooks Instrument, contributed to the article "Using Sensors to Improves Processes" in the February edition of Food Engineering.
HATFIELD, Pa. (February 18, 2021) In the February Tech Update of Food Engineering magazine, Wayne Labs authors, "Using Sensors to Improve Processes." Labs mentions how "there's a myriad of other sensing devices that you use in everyday products-from toys to dishwashers to automobiles." Sensors and controllers are even used in food and beverage operations to control the processes. "The food and beverage manufacturing applications that our MFCs focus on include ice cream, cheese, butter, yogurt, cell-based meat and the fermentation of beer and wine," says Al Harvey, industrial flow specialist. "Each application requires a measurable, continuous amount of air, carbon dioxide or other gasses to complete the recipes," he adds.
"A challenging food application using conventional sensors is the process of making ice cream," says Harvey. "Our MFCs inject measurable and repeatable amounts of air into the cream for it to reach a specific weight as well as a smooth and creamy look and texture. In conjunction with other devices, when cream is injected into cakes, our MFCs allow for consistency in the process so each cake has the same amount of cream."
Labs also adds, "In order to speed up the fermentation process of beer and wine, MFCs allow for a controlled and automated process to activate the yeast in order to make more recipes and maximize production. An oxygen sensor is used to provide feedback to the MFC to control the oxygen flow at peak level.
For its brewing process, Rahr Eagle Brewery wanted better control of its fermentation process. The brewery had been using variable area flowmeters to measure mechanically compressed air injection to increase oxygen content. However, the brewery wanted to use pure oxygen to activate the yeast—in which case precise sensing and control was needed." The brewery replaced variable area flow meters by installing a Brooks Instrument SLAMf mass flow controller with a NEMA4X/IP66 enclosure to precisely control and automate pure oxygen levels.
To read the detailed case study, click here.


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Synonyms: [phosphotyrosine]protein phosphatase activity, phosphoprotein phosphatase (phosphotyrosine) activity, phosphotyrosine histone phosphatase activity, phosphotyrosine phosphatase activity, phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase activity, phosphotyrosylprotein phosphatase activity, PPT-phosphatase activity, protein phosphotyrosine phosphatase activity, protein-tyrosine-phosphatase activity, protein-tyrosine-phosphate phosphohydrolase activity, PTP-phosphatase activity, PTPase activity, tyrosine O-phosphate phosphatase activity, tyrosylprotein phosphatase activity
Definition: Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate.
GO:_PHONE_ - phosphoprotein phosphatase activity
Unification Links: GO:_PHONE_
©2015 SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Avenue, Menlo Park, CA 94025-3493


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The Commission on Certification for Health Informatics and Information Management (CCHIIM) is an AHIMA commission dedicated to assuring the competency of professionals practicing HIIM. CCHIIM serves the public by establishing, implementing, and enforcing standards and procedures for certification and recertification of HIIM professionals. CCHIIM provides strategic oversight of all AHIMA certification programs. This standing commission of AHIMA is empowered with the sole and independent authority in all matters pertaining to both the initial certification and ongoing recertification (certification maintenance) of HIIM professionals.
Commissioners represent a broad spectrum of health informatics and information management professionals, and must be AHIMA-certified and meet certification, work experience, and leadership requirements in order to serve on the commission.
The Standards is a comprehensive technical guide that provides criteria for the evaluation of tests, testing practices, and the effects of test use. It was developed jointly by the American Psychological Association (APA), the American Educational Research Association (AERA), and the National Council on Measurement in Education (NCME). The guidelines presented in The Standards, by professional consensus, have come to define the necessary components of quality testing.
AHIMA / CCHIIM certification exams are valid, reliable, and legally defensible assessment instruments which measure the competency of potential certificants against a codified and relevant body of health informatics and information management (HIIM) competencies (also referred to as knowledge, skills, and abilities). The subject matter (also referred to as a body of knowledge, or BOK for short) represented by these competencies is further segmented across specific roles and disciplines throughout the HIIM profession as a whole by the requisite levels of depth, breadth, and experiences necessary for successful job performance, as exemplified by each respective AHIMA certification.
CCHIIM EDCs are comprised of experienced, credential-specific subject matter experts, representing HIIM leaders, practitioners, and other relevant stakeholders. EDCs are responsible for the specific oversight and performance of their respective credential's certification examination. EDC responsibilities are codified in the CCHIIM operating code, and typically include recurring review of content relevancy, both item-level and examination-level performance data, and expertise with respect to establishing the cut score for their respective certification examinations.
CCHIIM plans for and conducts comprehensive job analyses for each certification examination, depending how quickly and substantively the competencies assessed by a given certification examination changes. Typically, the frequency of these job analyses is approximately every three to five years. Consistent with best practices, the job analysis process involves a diverse and representative sample of stakeholders, including recently certified professionals and employers / supervisors. These stakeholders assess the criticality of current workplace practices, skills, tasks, and responsibilities, with respect to importance and frequency of performance. The results of the job analysis influence to what extent the competencies are revised for each respective certification examination. Ultimately, the job analysis process is a fundamental quality assurance component of the relevancy, currency, and validity of competencies assessed by each certification examination.
The job analysis serves as the foundation for the examination blueprint. First, the individual competencies are grouped into domains that represent specific and similar areas of content. Next, the percentage weighting of each content domain is determined, in part, through the individual competency statement criticality scores, considered collectively, within each domain. This weighting of domains relative to one another allows the EDCs to determine how much, or to what extent, each domain is assessed (both by the number and difficulty of test items), relative to the other domains. For example, domains with competencies that have higher criticality scores (i.e., more important and / or more frequently performed) typically represent a larger percentage of test items than those domains with lower criticality scores for its respective competencies.
The examination specifications are typically established or revised at the same time as the development of the examination blueprint. The specifications usually include the total number of test items (both scored and non-scored), test item type(s), such as multiple-choice or other, total test duration, scoring methodology, etc.
Items appearing on each certification examination are created, reviewed, revised, and ultimately approved by CCHIIM-authorized item writers and item reviewers. These item writers receive extensive training prior to creating any raw test items. Potential item writers must apply for consideration and receive approval prior to beginning their training in item writing. First, item writers must complete an introductory, online course covering the basics of item writing. After completion of the online course, potential item writers then participate in an interactive, web-based seminar on advanced item writing techniques. Once an item writer completes both the online, introductory course and the interactive, web-based seminar on advanced item writing, they are then allowed access to the secure online item writing platform, where they can begin entering draft items.
Experienced item writers further facilitate item development from this point forward through a continuous, two-step process involving review and revision of draft items for content accuracy (performed by content reviewers) and conformity to the item writing guidelines (performed by guideline reviewers). All potential items must be approved through both steps before being added to the pool of non-scored, or experimental, items within the master item bank. All approved items are assigned to the corresponding certification examination queue for eventual inclusion as a non-scored, experimental item.
All certification examination items begin their testing life as a non-scored, experimental item, often referred to as pre-test items. Each certification exam has a small percentage of predetermined, pre-test items, and the specific number of pre-test items is included within the publicly-available examination blueprint. Only after the performance data demonstrate that any pre-test item meets or exceeds previously established statistical criteria, will an experimental item be considered for inclusion as an operational, or scored item.
Examination performance is periodically reviewed by each respective EDC. As dictated by item performance, continuous and routine revisions occur with respect to removing poorly-performing items and replacing them with effectively-performing pre-test items. More substantive updates or revisions to certification examinations require that subsequent versions are equated to prior versions, and also that multiple, concurrent forms are also equated to one another. Changes to the examination blueprint and / or specifications resulting from a job analysis dictate that that the cut score or performance standard is revisited, and adjusted through a widely-accepted, best-practice methodology, such as the Angoff method, when warranted. Aggregate data for all certification examinations is publicly available to candidates, certificants, and other relevant stakeholders. This aggregate data includes the passing rates of first-time test takers and total number of credentials awarded during the stated period of time.


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Learn how meteorologists predict the weather. Investigate using various weather instruments to draw conclusions about what is happening in the sky. Pre-registration is required by the day before the program.
FEE $5/person. The park's regular weekend gate fee ($1.50/person, ages 5 and under free) will also be in effect.


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Looking back on any significant event always gives us greater awareness and appreciation for the past experience. The same is true with your child's celebration of Eucharist. Through reflection on the experience and the rituals in the liturgy, we are able to clarify and extend the meaning of the celebration of the sacrament. Therefore, following the celebration of first communion, take some time together to discuss your recollections.
- What do you remember about the celebration of the sacrament?
- When you picture the celebration in your mind, what was most special to you?
- How did you feel?
- What does this experience tell you about God?
- What does this experience tell you about Jesus?
- What does this experience tell you about the Holy Spirit?
- Now that you have celebrated first communion, how will you act differently?
- Parents: How was your faith affirmed as you prepared for and celebrated this sacrament with your child?


other icons_FA
Debit Order Scams
Media statement: PASA on unauthorised debit orders
14 January 2019 - Unauthorised debit orders, sometimes referred to as "R99 debit order scams" (although amounts vary), have once again received close press attention in recent weeks. The South African Reserve Bank, the Payments Association of South Africa (PASA), the banks, and a number of user associations are aware of the problem; they have been actively focused on the matter and on a number of steps to address it.
Customers are understandably frustrated by the issue, but there is also some confusion and misinformation around the issue which deserves some clarification – which we hope to achieve by responding to a few frequently-asked questions.
Why do banks allow debit orders to go through?
Banks act as facilitators of payments and are bound by law to honour debit orders submitted into the payment system by other banks on behalf of their clients. Each debit order transaction involves an entity (called a "user") as well as the banks, and if all parties do not collaborate in an organised manner, the debit order system, through which 55 million payments to the value of over R80 billion are processed every month, would cease to function. Accordingly, when banks submit transactions on behalf of users, they do so on the basis that such a user has included only valid debit orders backed by a paper or voice mandate. These mandates are, however, held by the user, and not by the sponsoring bank -- the bank simply facilitates the transaction on behalf of their client.
Then why don't they just refuse debit orders from companies that customers regularly reverse?
The vast majority of disputed debit orders are in fact legitimate ones agreed to by customers, but which are reversed for "cash management" reasons – so that the money can be used for something else.
To put the numbers in perspective, on average about 1,5 million of the 55 million monthly debit orders are disputed – less than 3%. Based on PASA and bank estimates, however, of the 1,5m only about 10% of the debit orders disputed by customers are actually unauthorised.
This is a major problem for the industry. First, customers need to be aware that it is illegal, not to mention unethical, to reverse a debit order they have authorised as payment for a legitimate legal contract or service. Second, the millions of monthly reversed legitimate debit orders make it extremely difficult to identify those debit orders initiated by fraudsters. For example, a corporate user that is completely compliant to the rules in every respect and only submits debit orders with valid mandates may still face high levels of disputes through no fault of their own.
Are the banks profiting from this?
PASA CEO Walter Volker explains, "Banks are certainly not profiting from debit orders being reversed; on the contrary, by virtue of their sponsorship of the transactions and the associated legal obligations, they are exposed to the full value of the debit orders being disputed.
"If a bank reverses a debit order on instruction from a customer, and it turns out there was a valid mandate, the bank risks losing that entire amount if they cannot get it back from the consumer. On the other hand, in the event that an illegal debit order is disputed, the sponsoring bank would be liable to reimburse the full amount, even after the so-called rogue user has been exited from the system." There are therefore many hidden costs and risks, which consumers are not always aware of.
Why are some banks charging consumers when they dispute a debit order?
Reversing disputed debit orders takes time and work. As explained above, banks take on the risk that the company submitting a debit order has either been excluded from the system or is no longer in business, so the cost of managing and upholding disputes is high. At the same time, as explained above, 90% of disputes are ultimately found to be illegal. Some banks, therefore, have introduced fees in the hopes of limiting such illegal disputes. Even for banks who do charge, however, a consumer would be within their rights to request a refund if it is found that there was no valid mandate and that the debit order is in effect unauthorised or fraudulent.
Which banks have been hit by the so-called "R99 scam"?
No bank is immune to unauthorised debit orders. Volker says, "This is not just a problem involving one bank, one company or one scam. It is an industry-wide problem and PASA is working with all the banks to improve the safety of the system, both for consumers and for companies."
What is being done about the problem?
PASA has been working with the banking industry since 2013 to implement a wide-reaching and complex system called DebiCheck, the first of its kind anywhere in the world. The initial phase went live on 1 August 2018, by which time all 11 participating banks had implemented DebiCheck operationally.
Right now, user companies are busy implementing the systems and introducing the new business processes that are necessary to fully utilise DebiCheck. Volker explains: "Thousands of user companies, from large corporates to small business, will be using the system – so we need to ensure it remains stable and that consumers are not adversely affected."
With DebiCheck, banks will require customers to electronically confirm debit order information with them directly at the start of a new contract with a user, before any collection can take place; thus ensuring that both consumers and their banks know precisely what should be debited from their bank account. Once the consumer has authorised the electronic mandate, it will be stored on their bank's mandates database and can be verified or monitored at any time.
Will DebiCheck be available as an option in all instances?
In its initial phase, only consumers dealing with companies that have implemented DebiCheck will be required to confirm their debit order information electronically. Although the system is working already, it will take time for all DebiCheck users to ramp up their usage of the system. This number will grow over time, and the aim ultimately is to eradicate any and all unauthorised debit orders, through a combination of DebiCheck and other, more general debit order abuse measures.
While DebiCheck is ramped up, what other protection is provided?
In addition to DebiCheck, PASA is working with the banks to improve the processes by which new companies are allowed into the debit order system and to ensure rogue companies are identified and removed from the payment system. "This is a very serious matter for us and we are doing everything we can to identify those companies who are abusing the debit order system," says PASA Senior Legal Counsel Charl Ackerman.
PASA and the banks are also working to refine existing rules and processes in the payment system to further curb debit order abuse. Informational material has been developed and is being rolled out to educate consumers on their rights and obligations in the debit order environment.
In some instances, individual banks have put in place other measures such as SMS alerts for all debit transactions, free debit order reversals below a certain amount and cheaper appor online-based debit order dispute procedures.
Why is DebiCheck taking so long?
The scale and complexity of DebiCheck means that it has taken a great deal of work and time to implement. As of August 2018 the system is in place and in use, and companies are being added to the system all the time. New DebiCheck debit order customers are already receiving confirmation requests from their banks, but there is still work going on to mature the systems and to fully implement all functionalities required by users and banks.
The Reserve Bank recently granted a 12-month extension (until October 2020) to fully implement DebiCheck. This only affects the final date by which the old systems will be switched off. Nevertheless, says Volker, "The eleven banks participating in DebiCheck are committed to the process and still aim to have most companies on the system this year."
These additional 12 months will also be used to mature the system and to phase out old contracts and systems.
What can customers do to protect themselves?
 - Check your bank statements regularly for transactions you do not recognise.
 - Query unauthorised debit orders with your bank immediately and report the details to the Payments Association of South Africa at _EMAIL_.
 - Ensure that your bank has your correct cellphone number so that you receive SMS alerts when money is deducted from your account and also to receive DebiCheck confirmation requests.
 - Be wary when entering into contracts verbally, electronically or in writing.
 - Do not share or confirm your banking details, including your account number and branch code, if you are not certain exactly what they will be used for.
 - Do not dispute debit orders that you have authorised.
For more information about debit order abuse, DebiCheck and what the public can do to protect their accounts, please visit _URL_
For regular updates, follow the Payments Association of South Africa on Twitter _USER_ and Facebook.
About PASA
PASA is the payment system management body recognised by the South African Reserve Bank (SARB), in terms of the National Payment System Act of 1998, to organise, manage and regulate the participation of its members in the payment system. For more information, please visit _URL_


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The revised Statement on Standards for CPE Programs (Standards) continues its journey toward implementation, and now you have the chance to offer input.
After the Joint AICPA/NASBA CPE Standards Committee finalized its recommendations, both the NASBA and AIPCA boards reviewed the document at their summer meetings and released an exposure draft for public commentary. That exposure period will end on October 13, 2011. If the process continues to follow the projected schedule, the revised Standards would receive final approval in late October/early November, and would go into effect on January 1, 2012.
Attendees at the CPE Conference received a copy of the revised Standards as they existed at that time. Since then, some major new revisions have come into play.
Among the areas which continued to see changes and revisions:
In addition, an alternative method to pilot testing for calculating the CPE credits for self-study programs has been recommended.
As proposed, this alternate method to calculate CPE credits is based on a word-count formula and tracks methodologies used in other professions. The NASBA Task Force researched the formula using 100 programs of varying length and difficulty, and determined that it produced results similar to pilot testing, and thus offered a reasonable alternative to CPE providers in calculating recommended CPE credits for self-study courses.
The word-count formula is based on the total number of words contained in the program's required reading components that are deemed critical. Critical, in this case, pertains to text that is necessary to the achievement of stated learning objectives. The word count is divided by 180, which is the average reading speed of adults. Next, the total number of review questions, exercises, and final-exam questions is multiplied by 1.85 - the estimated average completion time per question. These two numbers, along with an actual audio/video duration time, are added together. That total is divided by 50 to calculate the CPE credit for the self-study program.
The calculation looks like this:
[Number of words/180) + actual audio/video duration time + Number of questions x 1.85)]/50 = CPE credit
To read the full recommendation contained within the exposure draft, click here.


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Talking with someone about the need to stop driving can be challenging but has been shown to be effective. In a survey conducted by the Hartford/MIT AgeLab of 7,200 adults aged 50 and above, they found that more than half of the participants followed the suggestions made in conversations with friends and family about driving.
Friends and family members can be better prepared for the discussion with the following:
The Oregon DMV provides a brochure, "Retiring from Driving: When Someone You Know Should Give Up Driving
," which includes tips for families and caregivers.
The Older Driver Safety Conversations Web site
, sponsored by the Hartford Insurance Company, provides information to help families address sensitive subjects, such as driving, and fostering meaningful conversations with older drivers. Suggestions are given on how to prepare for a conversation, what to do when having the conversation and what to do after the conversation is finished.
The AMA's How to Help The Older Driver
brochure provides tips on determining if your loved one is an unsafe driver and what to do if you are concerned about his or her driving. Driving Decisions in Later Life,
a publication of the Pacific Northwest Extension, provides information to caregivers and family members on how to talk to a family member about stopping driving and what to do if they insist on continuing to drive.


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Syphilis Health Communication Resources
On October 7, 1999, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), other government agencies, and community groups joined together to launch The National Plan to Eliminate Syphilis from the United States (346 KB/84 pages). The Plan identified key strategies needed for syphilis elimination, such as expanded surveillance and outbreak response activities, rapid screening in and out of medical settings, expanded laboratory services, strengthened community involvement and agency partnerships, and enhanced health promotion efforts. Health communication was identified as a key intervention strategy to help improve syphilis testing, reporting, follow-up, and treatment, as well as to create new alliances among groups that could promote syphilis elimination activities.
To this end, a National Syphilis Elimination Communication Plan was developed, which identified three primary target audiences, (1) policymakers, (2) health care providers, and (3) community representatives, and outlined possible health communication strategies for influencing their syphilis-related awareness, knowledge, and behaviors. To more effectively target these strategies, formative research was conducted during 2000-2001, exploring the target audiences' knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices (KABPs) regarding syphilis. The methodology, findings, and analysis of this research are included in these reports.
- Syphilis Elimination Project: Findings from Concept Testing Research with Health Care Providers, Community Representatives and Political Leaders and Exploratory Research with At-Risk Populations (153 pages/1.6MB)
- Executive Summary (7 pages/.1MB)
- Health Communications Research to Support the National Plan to Eliminate Syphilis from the United States (32 pages/.46MB)
- Syphilis Elimination Effort Literature Review Focused on Men Who Have Sex with Men and Their Attitudes and Perceptions of Syphilis (31 pages/.77 KB)
- Final Report: STD Communications Database, Interviews with Non-Gay Identified Men who have Sex with Men (NGI MSM) - This study collected data on the behaviors, attitudes, and community/culture of African-American and Hispanic/Latino NGI MSM aged 20 – 45 relevant to STDs and their ideas for increasing knowledge of how to prevent these diseases. (131 pages, 1.4 MB)
- The Syphilis Elimination Effort (SEE) Community Mobilization Toolkit - a set of communications tools designed to help public health practitioners mobilize community alliances to eliminate syphilis. (March 7, 2005)
- Syphilis Elimination Effort Communication Plan


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Contact Folders and Groups
Keep your contacts organized by using multiple Folders and Groups.
When to use
If you find yourself digging through contacts just to find some for a specific topic, possibly a neighbourhood group, you can create a folder for just that topic and keep those specific contacts in that folder.
Create a new folder
- Click on your Contacts or People view.
- Click the Folder ribbon and click the New Folder button, then type a name for the folder, i.e. Holiday Cards.
- Notice the new folder appears on the Folder Pane.
Note: A right click on Contacts will produce the same options as the Folder ribbon.
- Moving Contacts to a Folder: pay attention to the lasso on the mouse arrow.
- To move: click and drag a contact onto a folder (lasso on mouse.)
- To copy: Hold Ctrl key and click and drag a contact to a folder (lasso and "+" on mouse.)
Create a new folder group
- On the group folder named "My Contacts".
- Right-click and choose "New Folder Group".
- Type a name and press enter.
- The new Group Folder won't have useable folders until you make some and move them into the group (repeat steps for making folders above.)
- Simply click and drag folders onto the new group folder. Then the collapsible arrows will appear.
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Is the language Sol decidable or not?
I define the language Sol as a turing machine M with alphabet{s,o,l} and we want to decide if sol $ \in$ L(M).
Is this decidable? How can I prove it? It seems that three case could occur either sol $ \in L(M)$ or sol $ \notin$ L(M) or the Turing machine M would loop. Is trying to use mapping reducibility with the language $ A_{TM}$ defined as a Tm M that accepts w a good idea? If possible this would prove that Sol is undecidable because $ A_{TM}$ undecidable.


Finance Retirement Here's to a long life: Aussies living longer than ever
Here's to a long life: Aussies living longer than ever
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Australians are living longer than at any time, the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) says, as death rates fall to a record low.
According to the ABS, Australia's life expectancy estimates are at their highest level, and remain among the highest in the world.
The combined male and female figure of 82 years, while a little lower than Japan and Hong Kong, is higher than Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States, says the ABS Director of Demography, Bjorn Jarvis.
Life expectancy Australia
Source: ABS.
"A boy born today could expect to live 79.9 years, while a girl could expect to live 84.3 years," he said.
The Australian Capital Territory has the highest life expectancy at birth, with 81.2 years for males and 85.1 years for females.
The lowest life expectancy is in the Northern Territory, at 74.7 years for males and 80 years for females.
"For those approaching retirement age, say 65 years, males could expect to live a further 19 years and females a further 22 years."
While there were 147,098 deaths registered in Australia in 2012, the standardised death rate fell to 5.5 deaths per 1,000 people, the lowest rate ever recorded in Australia.
In 2002, the death rate was 6.8 deaths per 1,000 people.
This decrease over the past 10 years was greater for males (around two deaths per 1,000 males) than for females (around one death per 1,000 females).
Over the past 10 years, life expectancy at birth has improved by 2.5 years for males and 1.7 years for females.
Standardised death rates enable the comparison of death rates between populations with different age structures by relating them to a standard population (currently, the age distribution of all persons in the Australian population at 30 June 2001).


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University of Minnesota Extension economists and educators have been researching the question of which costs have the largest impact on farm profits. A significant difference in profitability exists among farmers. A few categories of production costs, also known as inputs, vary significantly across levels of profitability.
The farm profitability levels can be broken into five groups (bottom 20 percent, 20-40 percent, 40-60 percent, 60-80 percent and the top 20 percent profitability by crop). The 2011 numbers were just made available through a farm income analysis carried out in partnership between Minnesota State Colleges and Universities (MnSCU) and the University of Minnesota.
The cost of production varies by group, starting at $5.36 per bushel of corn produced in 2011 in the bottom group, declining to $4.63 for the 20-40 percent group, $4.30 for the 40-60 percent group, $3.91 for the 60-80 percent group and $3.45 per bushel for the most profitable group. There is a significant difference of $1.91 per bushel in cost of production between the top and bottom groups in profits.
The most significant impact on this cost of production is the yield per acre produced, which ranged from 139 bushels per acre in bottom tier to 177 bushels per acre in the top group, a difference of 38 bushels per acre.
One of the top five costs was seed, varying slightly among groups from $102 to $105 per acre. Fertilizer is the second-highest cost and the bottom three tiers had similar costs at $154, $152 and $151, while the top 20 percent spent $118 per acre.
The highest cost was rent, which varied, but not significantly among groups.
Overall direct expenses varied significantly with the low group's cost at $625, declining incrementally in each group with the top 20 percent spending $533 per acre, or $92 per acre less. Total expenses also varied significantly with the low group at $745 and the top group at $611, a difference of $134 per acre. After accounting for direct expense variation of $92 per acre, overhead expenses varied by an additional $42 per acre. Other top expenses were repairs, fuel and oil in direct costs, and depreciation in overhead costs. Soybeans had similar results, except for fertilizer.
The quality of land might be one factor resulting in better yields. Some farms may utilize manure, lowering their fertilizer costs.
Net return to labor and management income started at $63, increasing quite dramatically in each group until reaching $509 for the top 20 percent. The top 20 percent farmers are managing much higher net returns to labor and management by $446 per acre over the bottom 20 percent.
To be profitable, you must be the best at managing cost without hurting yields. Farmers can use University's Center for Farm Financial Management FINBIN website at _URL_ to examine costs in any area of the state.


DoubletCalc1D is a software tool developed by TNO. Using a simple subsurface model and well design, it calculates the amount of water that can be produced with a pump of a certain power. DoubletCalc1D underlies the ThermoGIS calculation model, which is described in the Calculation model section. The DoubletCalc1D software and manual can be downloaded from
DoubletCalc1D input screen
Figure 5. DoubletCalc1D input screen.
In the input screen (figure 5), the aquifer properties (depth, thickness, permeability, net-to-gross ratio and temperature), the pump and doublet properties (return temperature, pump efficiency, pump pressure) and the simplified well design are specified. Next, the software calculates the flow rate this doublet could produce, the geothermal power given the specified return temperature and the COP (Coefficient of Performance) given the pump efficiency (figure 6).
DoubletCalc1D not only asks the user to enter the expected value of the aquifer properties, but also to estimate the minimum and maximum values. This introduces the uncertainty of the parameter estimate in the calculation. In particular, the permeability uncertainty is important. A triangular distribution is generated for all properties. A large number (>1000) of calculations is then executed, during which a value is drawn for each property from the triangular distribution. This allows the construction of a probability distribution curve of the geothermal power (figure 7). In the example shown, the expected power is 8.34 MWth. The likelihood that the power is at least 6.43 MWth is 90%, and the likelihood that the power is at most 11.22 MWth is 10%.
DoubletCalc1D output screen
Figure 6. DoubletCalc1D output screen.
DoubletCalc1D probablity distribution
Figure 7. Geothermal power probability distribution curve.


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4. METHOD OF SOLUTION
The method, called "orders of reflection", involves the following steps: (1) The penetration of the radiation (neutrons or gamma rays) through single straight ducts of various dimensions is first calculated in a one-velocity treatment, assuming an albedo with an angular dependence given by Chandrasekhar's theory, and assuming isotropic scattering. This penetration probability is calculated for the case of 0, 1, 2,...n reflections from walls; (2) An estimate of the energy and angular characteristics of the radiation transmitted after 0, 1, 2,..., n
reflections is then made by using the results of a Monte Carlo calculation in which the energy and angular characteristics of the multiply-reflected radiation is computed in a space-independent treatment; (3) The results of calculations (1) and (2) are combined to obtain a transfer function which relates the intensities, direction, and energy characteristics of the radiations entering and leaving a single straight duct or duct segment.
Using the output of one such calculation as the input for the next, the transmissions of the radiation through a sequence of ducts can readily be calculated for any spatial configuration of successive duct legs. The approximations made in the orders-ofreflection method are particularly applicable to neutrons. However, the method, with some adaptation, has also been found to be applicable to gamma rays.
An extensive data base of neutron and gamma albedo data has been incorporated into the system which allows very rapid calculations of radiation penetration of complex duct configurations. Trial calculations have indicated very good agreement with published Monte Carlo calculations. The method may also be applied to shielding problems pertaining to medical radiation sources and accelerators, but the code has not been tested for these applications.


← To Learn About Sensitive Skin Top
Why does my skin peel after it gets tanned?
Sun exposure impedes the regular cell turnover process known as keratinization. When skin is exposed to UV rays, skin cells in the outermost layer of skin are damaged, and die. Damaged DNA cells also die so as to prevent the formation of cancerous cells(known as apoptosis).
The tanned skin peels off after a few days. On the one hand, skin peels to remove dead skin cells from the body. On the other, immature skin cells take over in the epidermis to make up for the skin that has been peeled off. When new, mature skin cells take over, they produce ceramide to retain moisture. However, after skin is tanned, immature skin cells cannot produce ceramide. Therefore, people with sensitive skin need to avoid being exposed to UV rays as they already have insufficient ceramide in their skin. Exposure to sun can worsen their skin condition.
-What is keratinization? (cell turnover)
Cells in our epidermis are mainly composed of keratin cells. They start to grow from stratum basale (skin's inner layer) underneath the epidermis. Cells formed in the stratum basale will be pushed up to the skin surface by new cells growing underneath, eventually becoming stratum corneum (skin's outer layer). By the time they emerge from the skin surface, the skin cells are dead and form a flaky layer which will peel off naturally.
This entire process is known as cell turnover or keratinization. Moisturizing components within the stratum corneum such as ceramide or amino acids are formed during the keratinizaton process. When skin maintains a normal cycle of keratinization, high levels of moisturizing components are produced in the stratum corneum, and skin is moisturized and beautiful.


The dental monomer HEMA causes proteome changes in human THP‐1 monocytes -
Resin-based biomaterials are widely used in medical and dental treatment, and both clinicians and patients are exposed to the materials.
The present approach to analyzing the toxic potential of HEMA yielded information on interactions with living cells is not previously reported. This detailed information is of great value to make better predictions of possible side effects in the clinic.


text: A Croatian legend is that the Croatian king Suronja beat the Venetian doge in a chess game for a number of Croatian islands. The Croatian coat of arms was supposed to have been evolved from the chess board of 64 squares. The first written trace of chess in Croatia dates to 1385. A Croatian merchant had an inventory of a small table and a chess set. Correspondence chess was being played between Croatian and Venetian merchants as early as 1650. The first Croatian chess column appeared in 1875. The first chess tournament was played in Zagreb in 1886. The first Croation chess club was founded on March 11, 1886. The first chess book published in Croatia occurred in 1893. The first book in Croatian was published in 1909.The Croatian Chess Federation was formed in 1912.


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2013, Volume 9, Issue 2
Differentiation of the body build in judo competitors of the men's Polish national team
1Department of Combat Sports, Faculty of Physical Education, Gdańsk University of Physical Education and Sports, Gdańsk, Poland
Author for correspondence: Władysław Jagiełło; Department of Combat Sports, Faculty of Physical Education, Gdańsk University of Physical Education and Sports, Gdańsk, Poland; email: wjagiello1[at]wp.pl
Background and Study Aim: Anthropologists' research repeated for over half a century now prove that the body build constitutes one of the elements differentiating sportsmen from persons not carrying out a systematic physical training. However, in the population of sportsmen one deals with the accumulation two factors – features of persons selected to practise a particular sport (thus with the greatest predispositions) and the results of training. The aim of the study was to properties of the body build among judo competitors of the national team compared to persons of the same population not practising professional sport.
Material and Methods: The study involved competitors from the Polish national team in men's judo (n = 14). Competitors' age 20-30 (x = 23 years), body mass 63 kg to 160 kg (x = 93.8 kg), body height 166-197 cm (x = 179.3 cm), training experience 13±4.2 years. The reference group was made up of students of Warsaw Technical University (Poland). Eighteen basic somatic features were measured. Slenderness, Rohrer's, BMI, and Manouvrier's indices were calculated. Body density, complete body fat, active tissue, overall profile of the body build and internal proportions of the body build were determined.
Results: Weight categories (with the increase in body mass, a distinct decrease in slenderness features takes place) are an important factor determining morphological differentiation of judo competitors. Proportions of features of factors analysed internally show that competitors of all weight categories are characterised by particularly strong muscles of the forearm and weak ones of the shank.
Conclusions: A selection of an appropriate technique of fight (throws, grips, feints and their combinations) to the body build and other components of the judo competitor's personality still remains an open issue. These problems must be tackled by coaches in reference to particular competitors individually.
Key words: ighting techniques, nternal proportions, perkal's method


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Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Bank Sampah di Desa Paguyangan
Garbage is the residual material resulting from a production process, both industry and households. Based on Brebes district's statistical data, the Paguyangan sub-district is in fourth place with an average of 249.62 m3 of garbage per day. Paguyangan is one of the villages in the Paguyangan sub-district. Paguyangan has a garbage problem where people still have the habit of throwing garbage in the river and yards around the house. Based on this, the Paguyangan Village Hall plans to build a garbage bank to overcome the problem. A garbage bank managed activities such as recording savings transactions. This study conducted a web-based design of the Garbage Bank Information System (SIBS). SIBS is an information system used to help process garbage transactions at a garbage bank. The purpose of this SIBS is to facilitate officers and customers in processing services at the garbage bank. The methodology used in system development is the Waterfall method. SIBS development uses PHP as a programming language and MySql as the DBMS. The result of this research is a garbage bank information system. SIBS can be used in the management of garbage management transactions. Testing the system using Blackbox Testing and MOS. SIBS is easy to operate from the test results obtained.