text:
There are many different ways to 'bring the alphabet' to the child, and even amongst the Waldorf modality – it is done in numerous and varied ways. There is also many differing views on the stories and creative ways behind how the vowels are brought to the child.
Here is how we experienced the vowels in our alphabet journey. We journeyed through the letters in alphabetical order, omitting the vowels. As we progressed through our Alphabet main lesson book (MLB) we would leave the vowel pages blank and as we modelled each letter of the alphabet to stick to our 'alphabet window' we would leave the spaces where special 'Angel Letters' were to later come. The anticipation within Chilli of these 'special letters' was beautiful. As we completed all our consonants – we journeyed through the vowels. I blended many different programs into our 'experience' of these letters.
The 'foundation' for our vowel journey was taken from the Waldorf Essentials Grade 1 curriculum. The first time I read the way the vowels were brought to the child in this program I just loved it and knew it was perfect for Chilli. I know there is much written by many a Waldorf teacher about why they believe the Angels are not the best way to bring the vowels to children, however for us, this just felt like the perfect and right way to experience the vowels. We are using a 'container story' of a family journeying through the year and the Grade 1 lessons. The little girl in our story is called 'Anna'. Great King Equals met Anna in the Gnomes cave and each of the Math Gnomes had a key for Anna. Great King Equals presented his key first as he explained to Anna what would happen. There were 5 golden keys and a door on the wall of the cave just behind where Great King Equals' throne sat. Anna couldn't believe that she had never seen this door before, she'd been working so often in this cave with the math gnomes – but never before had she noticed this door in the wall of the cave.
The Waldorf Essentials program brings together the revision of the Roman Numerals 1-5 in association with the keys and which lock they fit into. In turn each gnome came forward over the duration of our vowel journey and presented Anna with a key which fit one of the locks. The 'door' to reading was slowly unlocked.
With the turning of each lock, an Arch Angel appears. Each angel presents to Anna the letter they are the 'keeper' of and the sounds associated with that letter – the long and short vowel sounds as well as the name of the letter. As the angel almost 'sings' the sounds of each vowel – the angel was doing the Eurythmy gesture for each vowel. We would be standing and also did this gesture as we made the various sounds associated with each letter. We brought attention to how the letter felt as we made the various sounds and where in our body the sound was coming from. We also looked at each others mouths as we made the various sounds, noticing the shape of the mouth and the position of the tongue. We would also try to make the sound with an opposite mouth and tongue position. As an example, if the shape of the mouth is quite a tight contracted gesture, we would try to make the sound with our mouth open wide like another letter. It was a lot of fun and a really nice way to bring mindfulness to how the sounds are formed in the mouth. Each angel has a story for Anna which was the story from each vowel given in the Waldorf Essentials Grade 1 program.
We re-jigged our rhythm a little on these 'vowel days'. Normally we do our letter verses associated with the letter we are studying in Morning Circle at the beginning of the day. When we were doing the vowels, we left doing these letter verses until after the letter had been presented. The verses we used were a blend of the letter verses from Earth Schooling's 'Sixth Sense Language' program and Oak Meadow's Kindergarten and Grade 1 letter work. Earth Schooling has some lovely verses that emphasise the various sounds associated with each vowel and Oak Meadow has some great tongue twisters for the letters. Each day we would also do the associated letter activity from Oak Meadow Kindergarten curriculum such as making A's out of tied bundles of twigs. We also modelled all the vowels out of white medium for our alphabet window.
Our Chalkboard drawing would be ready each day for the letter that was going to be presented. The Chalkboard drawing as a base remained the same and was inspired by a Pinterest picture I had seen. I loved the gesture of giving that the angel was in and the hands 'presenting' the letter. I adapted the colourings of the angel each day to correspond with the Arch Angel that was presenting that letter. When Chilli copied the drawing and letter into her book, we wrote a sentence that emphasised the vowel from that angel and ideally both the long and short vowel sounds.
As an overview – here is how we presented the vowels;
- At the end of our alphabet journey
- Using the Arch Angel stories and concept from Waldorf Essentials Grade 1 program which also ties in the Maths Gnomes and revision of the Roman Numerals 1-5
- In association with the Eurythmy Gestures for each vowel
- Exploring the sounds of each vowel with Earth Schooling's Sixth Sense Language verses as well as Oak Meadow's Kindergarten and Grade 1 verses and tongue twisters
- Creative projects from Oak Meadow Kindergarten program
- Chalkboard drawings inspired by a Pinterest pin
In my opinion, leaving the vowels until last, presenting them in a reverent way and exploring them in ways that differ slightly to how the consonants were brought – all help to bring that necessary 'specialness' to these 5 letters.
After leaving the vowels to 'sleep' for a little while now – we have started to spend a little more in-depth time with the various sounds each vowel makes. We have explored these through the 'long and short vowel sounds' lessons that are in the Oak Meadow Grade 1 program. I told Chilli a short, simple story along these lines; Because there is always a child somewhere in the world learning their letters (I spoke about friends who had learnt letters before her, then when she was learning her letters and now friends that were still learning their letters and would soon learn the angel letters) … Well, the Arch Angels are so busy going around taking their letters and stories to all these children, that they need to have helpers that look after the sounds of the letters. Sure, the angels when they first present the vowels, give the children the Heavenly sounds that come with the letters, but of course the children need to practice the different 'long' and 'short' sounds that each angel letter makes, so the angels have helpers…
Long Lance looks after the long vowel sounds and Short Seth (who we thought later probably should have been called Shawn for a better rhyme!) looks after the short vowel sounds. We drew a picture of each helper – everything about Lance was long, his; hair, body, legs, arms, feet, shirt, sleeves, pants even his finger nails (I had a bit of a Struwwelpeter image in my mind!) But Seth, well everything about him was short; he is short, his feet are short, he has short arms, short hair, even his shirt is short! We explored the short a.a.a. and the long a—— a—– sound and then I read some words (a mix up of the suggested long/short 'A' sound words in the Oak Meadow curriculum) and Chilli told me whether it was a long or short 'A' sound. I made sure to focus in the beginning on really pronouncing the 'A' sounds well as long or short to emphasise that aspect for her, but by the end she just knew these sounds so well amongst the words I didn't have to emphasise much if at all. After that she thought up 5 words that either had the long/short 'A' sound at the beginning or within the word. I was really surprised at how well she did with this and her understanding of these sounds. We're still currently working through each vowel in this way with these lessons from Long Lance and Short Seth.
How have you made these 5 vowel letters 'special' in your homeschooling journey?


text:
Moments in a four
Professor John D. Barrow
or how a cosmologist from Cambridge
University, with a passion for bringing
mathematics to the general public, proved (in his spare time) that the standard rigging
set up for a rowing four or eight really isn't the right way to set up a boat if you want
© MaxAlexander 2009
Rigging a four or an eight the standard way makes
no sense when it comes to making the boat go
in a straight line. This is the finding of University
of Cambridge professor, John Barrow.
rigging, that is, no sideways wiggle in the boat as
it moves forward through the water.
In basic terms, boat wiggle occurs because the
two parts of the stroke, the drive and the recovery,
the net force, are not the same so Barrow looked
at a line-up where these transverse forces would
cancel each other out.
used in Italy in 1956 by a crew that went on to win
gold at the 1956 Melbourne Olympics.
In his paper entitled, Rowing and the Same-Sum
Problem Have Their Moments (Nov 2009), Barrow uses
mathematical calculations to work out the best
positioning for rowers in a coxless four and then
extrapolates this out into an eight (and bigger boats).
First Barrow shows that the traditional, alternating
of stroke (port) and bow (starboard) side rowers,
rig produces a wiggle if all athletes in the boat are
rowing identically with identical power.
"The traditional rig appears symmetrical
and simple in ways that might tempt you
into thinking it is in every sense optimal.
However, this is not the case." (p 2)
"During the first (catch and drive) part of
the rower's stroke the transverse force at
the oarlock is directed towards the boat but
during the second (extraction and recovery)
phase of the stroke it reverses and is directed
away from the boat." (p 3) "As a result, the
boat will wiggle steadily from side to side
as it moves forward under the influence
of this alternating transverse force." (p 4)
Then Barrow looks at alternative line-ups to see
what combinations would produce 'zero-moment'
Barrow has come up with three possible rigging
line-ups for a four (Figure 1) with only one having
no wiggle. This rig is currently used and is known
widely as the 'Italian' rig (Fig. 1 (c)) as it was first
Then Barrow took his calculations into an eights
situation. Barrow found four rigging solutions
where wiggle would not occur – surprisingly >

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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I found this word today, and I thought it was pretty interesting. I read it in the context of "becoming and adult", or "coming of age", but I'd like to know the etymology of it. I could only find definitions for the word itself, not its origins. At first blush it looks like "one person before/ahead", but it also seems like 人前 can mean a portion of food. "One person's portion of food"? (Perhaps someone is now big enough to have an adult's portions?)
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1 Answer 1
up vote 7 down vote accepted
The etymology is itinin + mae. I could say more about mae, but more likely you are wondering why it means this.
The key is understanding that -mae is a suffix which means: 1) an amount or portion suitable for X; sannin-mae: a serving such as food) suitable for three people 2) emphasises ones attributes or functionality; otoko-mae "manly", ude-mae "skill, prowess"
Source (seems to be popular lately): Daijirin, Daijisen
In itinin-mae, the sense is "a person of ability and skills", hence an adult. This is the second meaning given above. Depending on the context, the first meaning is also possible: a serving (such as food) suitable for one person.
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Your Answer


Artificial Intelligence
Nvidia just unveiled a terrifying AI supercomputer
Get ready for smarter computers.
By Monica Chin on March 27, 2018
Nvidia just unveiled a terrifying AI supercomputer
Nvidia's headquarters in Santa Clara, Calif. Credit: smith collection/gado/Getty Images
Nvidia has unveiled several updates to its deep-learning computing platform, including an absurdly powerful GPU and supercomputer.
At this year's GPU Technology Conference in San Jose, Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang unveiled the DGX-2, a new computer for researchers who are "pushing the outer limits of deep-learning research and computing" to train artificial intelligence.
The computer, which will ship later this year, is the world's first system to sport a whopping two petaflops of performance. For some perspective: A Macbook Pro might have around one teraflop. A petaflop is one thousand teraflops.
Yeah, this thing is insane.
"Deep neural networks are getting deeper and smarter and able to do more things," Huang said in a press briefing. "As they grow in size and complexity, so do the computing needs to train them."
Huang also announced the company has doubled the memory capability of its Tesla V100 GPU, which the company claims delivers the performance of up to 100 CPUs in one graphics processor. This isn't the GPU in your gaming PC -- it powers artificial intelligence research and deep machine learning.
A number of manufacturers including Dell EMC, Hewlett Packard, IBM, and Lenovo will roll out systems that use the GPU in the next few months, and Oracle in the second half of 2018.
So what does this mean for you?
Well, if you're Elon Musk, you may want to prepare for the apocalypse. Equipped with these systems, researchers will be able to train smarter deep-learning AI more quickly than we've ever seen.
But in the near future, you'll probably just see improvements to services that use AI, such as speech recognition and translation. The company claims that the new technologies will better enable AI to create natural-sounding speech and text, and that researchers will need less time to train such networks.
Xuedong Huang, Microsoft's head of speech and language, said in a statement that the new V100 GPUs will "extend the accuracy of our models on speech recognition and machine translation reaching human capabilities and enhancing offerings such as Cortana, Bing, and Microsoft Translator."
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text:
Principal Investigator: Volker Wulfmeyer, Institute of Physics and Meteorology, University of Hohenheim
Thanks to the availability of HLRS's petascale HPC system Hornet, researchers at the Institute of Physics and Meteorology of the University of Hohenheim were able to run a highly complex climate simulation for a time period long enough to cover various extreme weather events on the Northern hemisphere at a previously unmatched spatial resolution. Deploying the highly scalable Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model on 84,000 compute cores of Hornet, the achieved results confirm an extraordinary quality with respect to the simulation of fine scale meteorological processes and extreme events.
Persistent so-called blocking Omega and intense Vb weather situations in Europe are responsible for extreme events like the heat waves in summer 2003 in Central Europe, in August 2010 in Russia (which was associated with flooding of the Odra and in Pakistan) as well as severe flooding events like in summer 2002 in Germany. Blocking Omega and Vb weather situations are caused when long-lived, resonant Rossby waves develop in mid-latitudes. In numerical weather prediction and climate models, at least a resolution of 20 km is required to simulate quasi-stationary Rossby waves. However, to simulate the associated extremes the simulations need to be convection permitting. Further, the high resolution allows the small scale structures to feed back to the large scale systems. Most of the current limited area, high-resolution models apply a domain which is centered over the region of interest and has 2 longitudinal and 2 latitudinal boundaries. Such limited area model applications suffer from a deterioration of synoptic features like low pressure systems due to effects in the boundary relaxation zone. In Europe this is mainly caused by the longitudinal boundaries which are located over the North Atlantic at around 20°W and Eastern Europe close to 20°E. Especially the boundary over the North Atlantic can destroy low pressure system features which are responsible for the weather and climate development over Europe. A possibility to overcome this is to run a latitude belt simulation. Here only boundary conditions at the northern and southern boundaries of the model domain are required.
The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF, _URL_ model was applied at 0.03° horizontal resolution for July and August 2013 forcing the model 6-hourly with ECMWF analyses at 20N and 65N. Sea surface and inland lake temperature was updated daily with data from the OSTIA project (_URL_ of the UK Met Office, which is available at 5km resolution.
Figure 1 shows the domain with the model topography as shaded areas. The model grid consisted of 12000*1500 boxes with a horizontal resolution of 0.03°. For vertical discretization, 57 terrain following levels were selected with the model top being at 10hPa (approx. 35km above sea level).
State of the art global numerical weather prediction models have a horizontal resolution of approximately 0.15°. In comparison, the latitude belt simulation provides an improved representation of the real topography and thus allows for a better representation of the atmospheric circulation systems. For instance, in the global model of ECMWF, the summits of the Alps and the Himalaya have an altitude of 2500m and 6000m which is far away from reality. This can be crucial e.g. for the simulation of convective precipitation during the summer season. Convection permitting simulations are also beneficial for simulating intense cyclones such as hurricanes over the Gulf of Mexico and typhoons in the Pacific Ocean. Due to the usually coarser resolution of the global model, they would not be able to simulate high intensities as they are observed for e.g. Cat. 4 and 5 storms.
One of the highlights of this study was the simulation of the typhoon Soulik, which developed in the Pacific Ocean in the first 10 days of July 2013. Figure 2 shows the simulated track of the typhoon in 3-hourly intervals from 11-13 July, 2013.
It was a category 4 typhoon meaning that average 10m-wind speed exceeded 58m/s. The model was able to simulate the intensity well in accordance with observations, which indicated a central pressure of 925hPa and maximum wind speed of 65m/s.
Figure 3 shows an example of the typhoon's structure with the surface wind speed and sea level pressure during its peak intensity at July 11, 2013. The maximum 10-m wind speed was about 62m/s and the central pressure 940hPa. The calm region in the center of the cyclone is also clearly visible. The whole simulation experiment was repeated on a 0.12° grid. At this resolution, the track was captured slightly better but the maximum wind speeds were strongly underestimated by about 15m/s compared to the convection permitting resolution simulation with its 0.03° grid. Also the representation of the fine structure of the rain bands was improved in the high-resolution simulation.
The comparison with satellite images reveal that the timing of the typhoon's track in the model was comparable to the observations, although the center of the storm was simulated about 250km further north. The intensity was well captured by the model as shown in Figure 3. In summary, this new configuration of the WRF model demonstrates a significant improvement of the simulation of extreme events.
For this simulation, version 3.6.1 of the WRF model was applied. The design of the model source code allows its application in shared-memory (sm), distributed-memory (dm) or hybrid (sm+dm) mode. In order to get the maximum performance, the code was compiled for MPI+OpenMP together with the Cray parallel NetCDF library using PGI 14.7.
After some initial tests, the model was run with 14000 MPI tasks and 6 OpenMP threads per task. In order to investigate certain processes, the output frequency was set to 30min. This results in a total output of approx. 350TB for the two month period including checkpoint files. The simulation's duration was 84 hours real time and it required 7.05 million Core-h.
From the technical point of view it became evident that it is necessary to pay more attention to the I/O performance since this may become a limiting factor for climate simulations in the future. The I/O rate during the simulation was approx. 7GB/s using 128 OSTs, i.e. the time for writing a single output file is about 13s and deteriorates with the number of MPI tasks.
Dr. Thomas Schwitalla, Dr. Kirsten Warrach-Sagi, Prof. Dr. Volker Wulfmeyer (PI)
University of Hohenheim Institute of Physics and Meteorology
Garbenstrasse 30, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I am thinking on the following problem:
If $|G|=12$ and there is no element of order $2$ in its center then $3$-Sylow subgroup of $G$ cannot be normal in $G$.
I was told that to assume the $3$-Sylow subgroup of $G$, say $P$, is normal in the group and go to reach a contradiction.
My attept: $|P|=3$ so it is cyclic, $P=\langle x\rangle=\{1,x,x^2\}$. As above hint, I would have for all $g\in G$ two possibilities: $gxg^{-1}=x$ or $gxg^{-1}=x^2$. Cannot to go any further. I am in doubt if the hint leads me to a contradiction properly and if so, it does with a long proof. Any help or any other way are welcome to me. Thanks for your time.
share|improve this question
This is a followup to math.stackexchange.com/questions/158339/… – Jack Schmidt Jun 24 '12 at 19:10
2 Answers 2
up vote 4 down vote accepted
Hint #1: Show that all Sylow 2-subgroups are abelian. So if an element of a Sylow 2-subgroup commutes with the elements of $P$, then it belongs to the center.
Hint #2: At this point the questions you should ask from yourself are: 1) What possibilities (up to isomorphism) are there for the Sylow 2-subgroup H? 2) Given that $P$ was assumed to be normal, what possibilities are there for the conjugation action for the non-trivial elements of $H$. Remember that conjugation action is a homomorphism from $H$ to $Aut(P)$.
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:About you first hint: That the Sylow 2-subgroups is abelian is obvious cause they are of order 4. So I should show that an element of one of these subgroups COMMUTE with $x$. Thanks. As you said me later, you put a loop in my mind finding the result. :-) – Babak S. Jun 24 '12 at 10:14
Correct (re: the 1st hint). Be a bit careful in that the element of $H$ that commutes with $P$ should be of order two. It doesn't really matter much in this case, but for full credit... :-) – Jyrki Lahtonen Jun 24 '12 at 10:29
I am on the way you paved. Yes, with that element say $y$, I can see that $G$ is being generated by $x$ and $y$. Thanks. Thanks. – Babak S. Jun 24 '12 at 10:38
To follow your attempt:
For every $g \in G$, we have $gxg^{-1} = x$ or $gxg^{-1} = x^2$. Thus $x$ has $1$ or $2$ conjugates, in other words, $[G : C_G(x)] = 1$ or $[G : C_G(x)] = 2$. In both cases, $2$ divides the order of $C_G(x)$, and thus $C_G(x)$ contains an element $y$ of order $2$. This gives us the desired contradiction. Can you see why $y$ must belong to the center of $G$?
share|improve this answer
Thanks for your answer. It solves my problem in detail. :) – Babak S. Jun 25 '12 at 5:39
Your Answer


You are here
Go to the past projects pages.
GAUSS (Governing Adaptive and Unplanned Systems of Systems) is a PRIN project funded by MIUR. The GAUSS project will deliver the methodological enablers required to identify, integrate, and manage "emergent" Systems of Systems (eSoS). These require dynamic and opportunistic engineering due to their intrinsically variable nature tied to their scale and heterogeneity. GAUSS will release a set of integrated technologies to address these engineering problems of eSoS at runtime, when specific execution contexts may invalidate design-time solutions.
iV4XR (intelligent Verification and validation for eXtended Reality). The current XR authoring and development toolset poses no XR testing technology beyond rudimentary record and replay tools that only work for simple test scenarios. iV4XR project (EU H2020, Grant number: 856716) aims to build a novel verification and validation technology for XR systems based on techniques from AI to provide learning and reasoning over a virtual world.
E-LEarning with Virtual interAcTive Experience (Funded by PAT, LP 6/1999) Project proponent and coordinator Delta Informatica, partners: APSS Trento and FBK (
The objective of the ELEVATE project is to deliver a framework for the creation and management of interactive-video exercises for the market of distance learning in professional training.


text:
[Tkinter-discuss] How can I edit a string inside a textbox?
fredrik at pythonware.com
Thu Dec 6 12:27:17 CET 2007
Alex Garipidis wrote:
> I have a Tkinter Textbox in my application. I want to scan the
> textbox for a symbol, defined by me as a "mark", and
> change the word that is inside or next to that symbol.
> This is what i mean:
> If a user types this to the textbox:
> "Hello _USER_, how are you doing?"
> I want to scan this string for the "@" character (or something
> else) and edit the word next to it (or "inside" it, e.g.
> "_USER_@"), "everybody" in this case, and make it have
> a color for example or make it underlined.
to find things in a text widget, use the "search" method:
pos = text.search(string, start)
where "string" is the string you want to search for, and start is the
starting position (e.g. 1.0 or INSERT).
to search for things that match "_USER_", where "word" is an arbitrary
string of letters or digits, you can use a regular expression, e.g.
pos = text.search("@\w+", 1.0, regexp=True)
search only returns where the match begins; to find the end of "_USER_",
you can search from the given position to the first thing that isn't a
end = text.search("\W", pos + " 1 char", regexp=True)
to change the appearance of a block of text, register the style using
tag_config, and then use tag_add to apply the style tag to the block, e.g.:
# do this when you create the widget
# do this to apply this style to a range of text
text.tag_add("mystyle", pos, end)
hope this helps!
More information about the Tkinter-discuss


text:
Scientific studies have suggested that a wandering mind indicates unhappiness, whereas a mind that is present in the moment indicates well-being. Now, a preliminary UCSF study suggests a possible link between mind wandering and aging, by looking at a biological measure of longevity.
In the study, telomere length, an emerging biomarker for cellular and general bodily aging, was assessed in association with the tendency to be present in the moment versus the tendency to mind wander, in research on 239 healthy, midlife women ranging in age from 50 to 65 years.
Being present in the moment was defined as an inclination to be focused on current tasks, while mind wandering was defined as the inclination to have thoughts about things other than the present or being elsewhere.
According to the findings, published online on Nov. 15 in the new Association for Psychological Science journal Clinical Psychological Science, those who reported more mind wandering had shorter telomeres, while those who reported more presence in the moment, or having a greater focus and engagement with their current activities, had longer telomeres, even after adjusting for current stress.
Telomeres are the DNA-caps that protect the ends of chromosomes, preventing them from deteriorating or fusing with neighboring chromosomes. Telomeres typically shorten with age and in response to psychological and physiological stressors. In research pioneered at UCSF, scientists have discovered that telomere shortness predicts early disease and mortality.
As the study assessed mind wandering and telomeres at the same time, the researchers don't yet know whether mind wandering leads to shorter telomeres, whether the reverse occurs, or some common third factor is contributing to both.
Mindful meditation interventions, which promote attention on the present with a compassionate attitude of acceptance, lead to increases in some aspects of health. Previous studies have found that they are associated with increased activity of an enzyme known as telomerase, which is responsible for protecting and in some cases, replenishing telomeres.
Along with the new UCSF study, these findings support the possibility that a focus on the present may be part of what promotes health measurable at the cellular level, the researchers said.
"Our attentional state—where our thoughts rest at any moment - turns out to be a fascinating window into our well-being. It may be affected by our emotional state as well as shape our emotional state," said Elissa Epel, PhD, associate professor of psychiatry and lead author on the study. "In our healthy sample, people who report being more engaged in their current activities tend to have longer telomeres. We don't yet know how generalizable or important this relationship is."
Moving forward, Epel, along with Eli Puterman, PhD, a psychologist in the UCSF Department of Psychiatry, and colleagues are developing a series of classes to promote more mindful presence, to see if this intervention protects telomere maintenance or even lengthens telomeres.
In the current study, participants self-reported a tendency to mind wander, and were measured for aspects of psychological distress and well-being. The sample was highly educated and had a narrow range of both chronological age and psychological stress (most were low stress), all of which might have contributed to the ability to detect this relationship, Epel said.


text:
Date Uploaded: November 6, 2011, 10:07 pm
Last Edited: August 7, 2012, 5:52 pm
Article TagsBasic Techniques, Patterns
Print this Article
Article © MAIL User: mithrilweaver
Pirsig's bridge is not a weave in itself. It links existing round, tube, cylindrical and pillar style weaves. If it were a weave in itself it would be called "Tri Cable" or the existing "Hex Cable" weave. It forms by having 2 in 1 or 2 in 2 chains connected with a center ring. The 2 in 1 or 2 in 2 chains form the outside geometrical shape of the tube. So, where "Roundmaille" has 3 rings at the end that form a triange, Pirsig's Bridge forms 3 - 2 in 1 chains and connects them with 1 or 2 center rings as shown here:
Pirsig's bridge really is a conceptual idea rather than an actual recipe or formula of exact ring combinations. As shown in the picture below, there are many possibilities for Pirsig's Bridge. This picture shows a stainless steel 6awg with 1" id ring being held captive by it.
Pirsig's Bridge can link different tube shaped weaves as shown here:
Pirsig's Bridge can make a great ending for clasping a tube, round, cylindrical, or pillar shaped pattern also. Using "Orbital" and "Orbit" weaves pictured below,
it is possible to use the orbiting ring as the center ring in Pirsig's Bridge.
The rings running inside the orbital ring then connect to the clasp or other pattern. This allows the ending to be balanced and symmetrical. The chain running inside the orbiting ring can be held without distorting the pattern.
If the pattern has a captive ring already embedded in the pattern it is possible to close off the pattern, skip a portion of Pirsig's Bridge, and run an orbiting pattern inside the captive ring as shown below: (The rings closing off this captive inverted round must have very small aspect ratio to hold the captive ring in place, otherwise the orbiting ring will fall out with its chain.)
The aspect ratio is very important in Pirsig's Bridge, but it is impossible to give a formula that will work in every case. The combining aspect ratios are different for every weave and sometimes it is possible to have 2 or more combinations of rings with different aspect ratios. It usually requires some trial and error to see what works best in each unique pattern.
Pirsig's Bridge works best in patterns that have orbiting rings because the bridge wants to be held spread open. If the bridge is not held spread open, the rings will gather on one side and distort the pattern.
A minimum of 3 rings (triangle) shaping the outside need to be used in Pirsig's Bridge. There is a balance that needs to be achieved when clasping using the bridge. 3 rings shaping the bridge work best in terms of the clasp because the chain running inside the orbiting center ring does not want to be crowded. 6 rings (hexagon) shaping the bridge works best for keeping the center ring balance on the pattern. It is difficult to find a 2 in 1 chain that will fit inside an orbiting center ring with 6 rings attached to it though.
*Thanks go out to everyone that contributes on this site and others. This "open" reference source has been invaluable to me and my artwork. I divulge what I have created with gratitude in this same spirit. Feel free to contact me with any questions.
Original URL: _URL_


text:
Numerical Inversion of the Laplace Transform: The Fourier Series Approximation
This Demonstration shows how you can numerically compute the inverse of the Laplace transform of a simple function : and. The selected method is the Fourier series approximation. This method uses the following formula in order to perform the inversion of :
You can select the appropriate values of and that give the correct inverse. This choice must be such that and, where is a measure of the maximum relative error and is the exponential order of.
The red curve is the sine function and the blue dots are the selected numerical values of the inverse of.
You can clearly see how this method may fail to give an accurate inverse if the values of and are not correctly selected. The first snapshot presents a correct inversion result. The next two snapshots show situations where the method gives erroneous data.


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Real Men Read volunteers provide a positive male role model to 2nd and 3rd grade students by making five visits to the classroom throughout the school year. On each visit, the volunteer will read a single picture book to his class to engage the students' interest in reading.
Up until third grade, students are still learning to read. After third grade, they start reading to learn. This makes the years before fourth grade crucial to developing a child's love for reading and basic literacy skills! Real Men Readers engage students by asking fun questions about each book (provided to volunteers!) and enforces the importance of reading.
Right now, it's more important than ever before to foster a love of reading. In 2021, only 24.9% of Fort Wayne Community Schools students tested as proficient in the ILEARN English and Language Arts test. Problems with literacy will follow a child for his entire life. Statistics from the National Institute for Literacy, National Center for Adult Literacy, The Literacy Company, and the U.S. Census Bureau show that 85% of juvenile offenders have trouble reading, with only one-third of America's fourth graders reaching basic proficiency levels.
Real Men Read is designed to combat that problem by giving children a special, interactive experience that makes reading fun — without the stress of grading or testing attached. 89% of teachers agree that Real Men Read is a valuable program to help students develop literacy skills. In the process of RMR, Big Brothers Big Sisters provides its readers with five picture books and a set of fun, engaging questions to ask the class. At the end of each session, the classrooms receive their own copy of the book so children can reread it whenever they want.
This year's Real Men Read dates are:
Volunteers must submit to a background check and provide Big Brothers Big Sisters with a copy of their driver's license. To apply, fill out the application today!


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Example of Report Text: Football Game
English Admin – Learning English Online. Today we give you an example of report text. It is about a famous game in the world. Yes this report text is about football game. What does a football game look like? Don't stop reading! Because the the game of football is described in simple and clear way to show how a report text in English is.
A report text can be very similar to a descriptive text. However, they can be distinguished easily from the object which is discussed. A report text commonly describes things in general while descriptive text tends to explain the characterization of a specific thing. Bellow are some other sources to learn a report text in English
- What is Report Text?
- 10 Contoh Report Text Bahasa Inggris Berbagai Topik
- 11 Contoh Report Text bahasa Inggris
Some important sources above can help you understand a report text. However understanding a text does not only read the sample essay but also analyzing the text. That we have to do when learning reading comprehension. So continue to read and analyze the sample below!
Football is a game played by two teams of eleven. They try to score by kicking or heading the ball into the other team's goal. Ten of the players can not use their hands. The goal keeper can handle the ball to stop it going into the goal.
Games similar to football have been played for many centuries. The rules of the games were written down in 1863. In England, the FA ( Football Association ) cup was first played for in 1872. In the same year, England played Scotland in the first game.
Today the most important International Competition is the World Cup which takes place in every four years. Brazil and Italy have each won the world cup three times.
This sample of report text about football play is taken from: report-text.blogspot.com/2009/06/football_02.html
Analyzing Generic Structure of Report Text about Football Play
Most report text sample is organized by the writer though the 2 important elements. They are
1. General Classification: Showing general participants stated in the first paragraph
Football is a game played by two teams of eleven.
2. Descriptions: Showing feature and detail information on how is the thing like
Games similar to football have been played for many centuries.
Today the most important International Competition is the World Cup which takes place in every four years.
Have you got idea why that short essay about football game is classified as an example of report text in English? Absolutely right if you answer based on the elements of generic structure. Hopefully it help you learning English.


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Work and energy problems worksheet
Work and Energy Problem F POWER PROBLEM Martinus Kuiper of the Netherlands ice skated for 24 h with an average speed of 6.3 m/s. Suppose Kuiper's mass was 65 kg. If Kuiper provided 520 W of power to accelerate for 2.5 s, how much work did he do? SOLUTION Given: P = 520 W ∆t = 2.5 s Unknown: W =? Use the equation for power and rearrange it... Created Date: 20111111081846Z
Energy Work Problems Some of the worksheets for this concept are Physics work work and energy, Work energy problems, Name period date, Physics work and energy work solutions, Physics work and energy work solutions, Kinetic energy work, Work word problems, Topic 5 work and energy. Physics Worksheet Work and Energy Section: Name: Mr. Lin 2 20. A skater of mass 60 kg has an initial velocity of 12 m/s. He slides on ice where the frictional force is 36 N. How far will the skater slide before he stops? 21. A diver of mass m drops from a board 10.0 m above the water surface. Work, Energy and Power: Problem Set Problem 1: Renatta Gass is out with her friends. Misfortune occurs and Renatta and her friends find themselves getting a workout. They apply a cumulative force of 1080 N to push the car 218 m to the nearest fuel station. Determine the work done on the car. Audio Guided Solution Worksheet: Work Work Power and Energy Page 1 of 2 Write the equation and units for work: 1. How much work does Bobby perform in pushing a 35 N crate a distance of 4 meters? list known values formula substitution answer & units 2. How far will a 70 N crate be moved if 3500 J or work are accomplished?
Additional Worksheets. Work worksheet. Creating Work Problems worksheet. Energy worksheet. Creating Energy Problems worksheet. Momentum worksheet. Creating Momentum Problems worksheet. Impulse worksheet. Power worksheet. Labs & Activities Directory. Determining the Velocity of a Steel Ball Using a B... Work, Energy & Momentum Demonstration List Mechanics: Work, Energy and Power Worksheet Name: Work. Questions: A tugboat pulls a ship with a constant net horizontal force of 5.00 x 103 N and causes the ship to move through a harbor. How much work is done on the ship if it moves a distance of 3.00 km?
Determine how to approach the problem. We apply the work-energy theorem. We know that all the car's kinetic energy is lost to friction. Therefore, the change in the car's kinetic energy is equal to the work done by the frictional force of the car's brakes. Start studying Work and Energy Vocabulary. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
Physics Worksheet Work and Energy Section: Name: Mr. Lin 2 20. A skater of mass 60 kg has an initial velocity of 12 m/s. He slides on ice where the frictional force is 36 N. How far will the skater slide before he stops? 21. A diver of mass m drops from a board 10.0 m above the water surface.


basura = garbage feminine noun
feminine noun
English Translation of BASURA
desechos : garbage, waste, refusehay mucha basura en la calle there's a lot of litter in the street tirar algo a la basura to put or throw something in the bin es una basura he's a shocker (familiar) la novela es una basura the novel is rubbish
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What made you want to look up basura? Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible).
Spanish Word of the Day


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"Simply" is an adverb; it modifies verbs, adjectives, etc. "Simple" is an adjective; it modifies nouns. In normal speech, the signifier "simply" is used to mean "without excess" or "without complication" and is a way for the speaker to indicate that the speech or act referred to is without guile, without any complicated subtext: "This dessert is simply delicious" would mean that the speaker is giving the dessert his/her unqualified approval, without any other descriptors (sweet, tart, crispy, etc.). "Simple" as an adjective refers to the state or condition of an object or act: "It comes with simple directions." The word "simple" also is sometimes used to refer to a person's mental capacity, as a criticism: "Don't take him seriously; he is simple." In Shakespeare's Sonnet 138, the line, "Simply I credit her false speaking tongue:" means that the speaker is taking her utterance at face value, naively (some "translations use 'foolishly'), without assigning any duplicitous motives to his love.
"Simple" and "simply" are different parts of speech. They are related - kind of like members of a family - but can't quite do the same jobs.
"Simple" is an adjective. That means it describes a noun (a person, place, thing or idea). Here is an example phrase:
"A simple task" - The noun is task, and simple describes what kind of task.
Another meaning of "simple" is "ignorant". It is sometimes to describe someone with low IQ, usually in older books or papers. The word is not commonly used in this way anymore. An example phrase for this meaning of "simple" would be "a simple man" - a man who is ignorant.
"Simply" is an adverb. It modifies a verb (an action word) and describes how something is done. Other examples of adverbs are quickly, anxiously, happily and earnestly. Adverbs frequently end with -ly, which is a clue if you are trying to determine what part of speech a word is.
Here are some examples of the adverb simply used in sentences:
"She decorates her house simply." - "Decorates" is a verb, and "simply" describes how she decorates.
"He simply said no." - "Said" is a verb, and "simply" describes how he said no.
If you get stuck on the difference between similar words, you can check the dictionary. It will tell you what part of speech each word is, which should give you a clue as to how they are different and how to use them correctly.
We've answered 301,234 questions. We can answer yours, too.Ask a question


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A case-control study on Alzheimer's disease and exposure to anesthesia
- First Online:
A retrospective hospital-based case-control study was performed with the aim to evaluate the association between exposure to anesthesia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). A total of 115 AD patients, 230 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and 230 patients with non-degenerative neurological disease were studied. Each AD case was matched for sex, age (±3 years) and geographic area of residence with four controls (2 PD patients and 2 with other neurological disease). Information about exposure to general anesthesia and other variables was gathered through hospital records. No associations were found between the risk of AD and the exposure to anesthesia in the 1 and 5 years preceding disease onset, nor between the risk of AD and the number of surgical operations. A significant difference was observed between the mean age of AD patients and controls undergoing surgical procedures. The present study reveals a lack of association between exposure to general anesthesia and AD. Prospective epidemiological studies are needed in order to investigate levels of exposure to anesthesia, as well as any possible relationships between anesthetic exposure and genetic factors (e. g. APOEɛ4 genotype).
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The Welfare State in US and Europe: why so different?
II Rodolfo Debenedetti Lecture, Milan
- II RDB Lecture - Alesina
- See press release
The welfare state is much larger in Europe than in the US, and, more generally, Europeans seem to be more concerned about equalizing incomes and reducing inequality than Americans are. Why is this? The purpose of this Lecture is to examine various explanations for these phenomena. First, the main differences in redistributive policies on the two sides of the Atlantic are briefly illustrated. This exercise shows also how significant differences within Europe exist. Next, the lecture will offer various explanations for the wide differencese. Schematically such explanations can be explained as follows:
- purely economic reasons. These include different levels of pretax income inequality, openness, social mobility, etc.;
- politico-historical reasons. These include electoral systems, the role of courts, historical reasons why a socialist party never fully established itself in the US;
- sociological reasons. These include different attitudes toward the poor, individual versus social responsibilities in correcting ex post income differences, race relations.
The lecture will then try to disentangle which of these various explanations have more weight for explaining cross country differences.


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As you move across the period the atomic radius gets smaller and as you move down the column the radius gets bigger. So silver has a larger atomic radius than zinc. This is because when you add a proton, then the nucleus pulls the electrons in stronger, pulling the atoms cell close to the nucleus. So then the atomic radius decreases, and when you take away a proton then the atomic radius increases.
Across a period the radius gets smaller while down a group it gets bigger. Since silver is lower and to the left, it is bigger than zinc in both aspects. Comparing elements like nitrogen and sulfur would be more ambiguous, however it's not likely that questions like that would be asked.
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This document presents a roadmap for developing sport and physical activity among Indigenous peoples. The Indigenous Long-Term Participant Development Pathway is a reference for those who work with Indigenous participants in sport and recreation. It has grown out of the understanding that mainstream models for sport development do not necessarily align with Indigenous needs or experiences. As such, this document tries to address that gap by outlining the key elements that need to be considered when planning, developing, and implementing programs for and with Indigenous peoples and communities.
For more information on the accompanying workshop, please click here.


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The Faculty heads a funded project by the European Union, in partnership with six regional and international universities:
- Université de Malte
- Leeds Beckett UniversityUnited Kingdom
- Middle East University – Jordan
- Yarmouk University – Jordan
- Suez Canal University
- Fayoum University
The proposed project under the title "Cultural Heritage Virtual Education System" (CHVEs) aims to modernize and improve the educational process in the field of tourism and cultural heritage sciences in the faculties and institutes of higher education in Egypt, through the development of international scientific cooperation and the transfer of knowledge. This project is considered of great value and importance regarding the issue of supporting the process of sustainable development and the preservation of the cultural and urban heritage of countries.


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The parameter 'pos' in ShapeStim statement stands for the position of the center of the stimulus. Is it possible to set the positition of the stimulus by the top left of it instead of its center? In Pygame, for example, shapes can be draw from top left through statement"pygame.draw.rect(window, color, (topleft_X, topleft_Y, width, height))".
The choice of drawing origin is an arbitrary one (eg bottom left is as natural as anything else), so selecting another is left up to the user, by applying simple geometry.
In this case, just add half the width of the object to your preferred x component of the position, and subtract half its height from the y component.


Main Content
Softplus layer for actor or critic network
A SoftplusLayer is a deep neural network layer that implements the softplus activation Y = log(1 + eX), which ensures that the output is always positive. This activation function is a smooth continuous version of reluLayer. You can incorporate this layer into the deep neural networks you define for actors in reinforcement learning agents. This layer is useful for creating continuous Gaussian policy deep neural networks, for which the standard deviation output must be positive.
sLayer = softplusLayer creates a softplus layer with default property values.
sLayer = softplusLayer(Name,Value) sets properties using name-value pairs. For example, softplusLayer('Name','softlayer') creates a softplus layer and assigns the name'softlayer'.
expand all
Name of layer, specified as a character vector. To include a layer in a layer graph, you must specify a nonempty unique layer name. If you train a series network with this layer and Name is set to '', then the software automatically assigns a name to the layer at training time.
This property is read-only.
Description of layer, specified as a character vector. When you create the softplus layer, you can use this property to give it a description that helps you identify its purpose.
collapse all
Create s softplus layer.
sLayer = softplusLayer;
You can specify the name of the softplus layer. For example, if the softplus layer represents the standard deviation of a Gaussian policy deep neural network, you can specify an appropriate name.
sLayer = softplusLayer('Name','stddev')
sLayer =
 SoftplusLayer with properties:
 Name:'stddev'
 Show all properties
You can incorporate sLayer into an actor network for reinforcement learning.
Introduced in R2020a


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IZA DP No. 4414: Who Compares to Whom? The Anatomy of Income Comparisons in Europe
published in: Economic Journal, 2010, 120 (544), 573-594
This paper provides unprecedented direct evidence from large-scale survey data on both the intensity (how much?) and direction (to whom?) of income comparisons. Income comparisons are considered to be at least somewhat important by three-quarters of Europeans. They are associated with both lower levels of subjective well-being and a greater demand for income redistribution. The rich compare less and are more happy than average when they do, which latter is consistent with relative income theory. With respect to the direction of comparisons, colleagues are the most frequently-cited reference group. Those who compare to colleagues are happier than those who compare to other benchmarks; comparisons to friends are both less widespread and are associated with the lowest well-being scores. This is consistent with information effects, as colleagues' income arguably contains more information about the individual's own future prospects than do the incomes of other reference groups. Last, there is some evidence that reference groups are endogenous, with individuals tending to compare to those with whom they interact the most often.


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Photovoltaic (PV) / Solar String Monitors Information
Photovoltaic (PV)/solar string monitors are used to perform in-situ diagnostics of strings or sub arrays in a photovoltaic or solar power system. Solar string monitors may monitor current, voltage, and/or power output of a sub-array or string of a photovoltaic system. By monitoring the device parameters against pre-set performance ranges, alerts or notifications can identify underperforming strings. String-level diagnostics and monitoring extend the capability of solar inverter monitors down to the component level. Solar string monitors are instrumental in boosting efficiency or otherwise troubleshooting PV and solar power systems.
Image credit: Phoenix Contact


What Can I Snack On After Gallbladder Removal?
What are the best foods to eat after gallbladder surgery?
What foods should I eat?
 - potatoes with skin.
 - oats.
 - barley.
 - whole grain bread, pasta, rice, and cereal.
 - raw nuts (not roasted in oils), such as almonds, walnuts, and cashews.
 - raw seeds, such as hemp, chia, and poppy seeds.
 - sprouted grains, nuts, and seeds.
 - fruits and vegetables.
When can I eat normal food after gallbladder surgery?
You can usually start eating normally a few hours after your operation, although you'll probably prefer to eat small meals to start with. You may have been advised to follow a low-fat diet for several weeks before surgery, but this doesn't need to be continued afterwards.
What can I eat 24 hours after gallbladder surgery?
your diet 24 hours post surgery
 - Water.
 - Broth.
 - Jello-O.
 - Fruity juice without pulp (apple, grape and cranberry juice)
 - Clear Soda (Avoid Caffeine)
 - Tea.
 - Popsicles (without bits of fruit)
You might be interested: Question: Where Is The Nearest Snack Machine?
Can I eat peanut butter after gallbladder surgery?
4. A diet good for your heart is good for your gallbladder, too. Any diet that would qualify as "heart-healthy" is " gallbladder -healthy," too. That means a diet with some healthy monounsaturated fats, such as those in nuts, avocados, seeds, olives, peanut butter, and the oils from these products.
Can I eat mashed potatoes after gallbladder surgery?
Start with a soft diet that includes porridge, fish, oatmeal, mashed potato /sweet potato, softly cooked vegetables and fruits. Eat smaller meals. Avoid having large meals, as it may be difficult for your body to digest and may lead to bloating.
What should I not eat with no gallbladder?
Avoid high-fat foods, fried and greasy foods, and fatty sauces and gravies for at least a week after surgery. Instead, choose fat-free or low-fat foods. You may also try limiting foods that tend to worsen diarrhea, including:
 - Caffeine.
 - Dairy products.
 - Very sweet foods.
How long does it take to heal internally after gallbladder surgery?
Is it harder to lose weight without a gallbladder?
You might be interested: Question: What Hungry Kids Want In A Snack?
Can you sleep on your side after gallbladder surgery?
Just make sure to sleep on your left side rather than your right where the incisions are to avoid putting too much pressure on this sensitive area. In order to increase the comfort factor, you could use a memory foam knee pillow to help support and straighten your legs, hips, back, and abdominal area while you sleep.
How long is stomach swollen after gallbladder removal?
What is the fastest way to recover from gallbladder surgery?
How long after gallbladder surgery can I eat pizza?
Fried, Greasy, and Junk Foods While you recover, don't eat junk foods like pizza and potato chips. You don't have to avoid them forever. Allow yourself some of these foods once in a while after you recover, but try and limit it to once a month and in small quantities.
Are eggs bad for gallbladder?
The gallbladder produces bile that helps the body digest fats. A high intake of fats, and especially saturated and trans fats, may put extra strain on this process. Researchers have found that people who consume red, processed meats, and egg as part of an overall unhealthful diet have a higher risk of gallstones.
You might be interested: FAQ: How To Make A Rice Rolls Snack?
Are bananas good after gallbladder surgery?
In most cases, you'll find that soft, bland foods are easiest to digest. This includes foods like bananas, white rice, boiled potatoes, plain pasta, dry toast, and crackers. Gradually, you'll be able to advance your diet and add more flavorful foods. Your body will have problems digesting fat right after surgery.
Can you eat cheese after gallbladder surgery?
While it's best to simply avoid dairy products altogether, it's best to stick to low-fat or fat-free dairy options. Whole-milk and other high-fat dairy products can cause diarrhea and painful gas or cramping, so these should not be consumed after undergoing gallbladder surgery.
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Maui Critical Habitat Proposed to Protect 135 Species
By Wendy Osher
The US Fish and Wildlife Service is proposing the designation of critical habitat to protect some 135 plant and animal species in Maui Nui.
The proposed designation of 271,062 acres on Maui, Moloka'i, Lāna'i, and Kaho'olawe, is projected to cost between $115,000 and $125,000, from 2013 to 2022.
In addition to proposing critical habitat for the first time for 50 species, the rule proposes to revise already designated critical habitat for 85 plant species that are listed as endangered or threatened.
More than half of the critical habitat is proposed on lands that are private (53%); with the remaining areas under state (36%), federal (10%), and county (1%) ownership.
Authorities say approximately 47% of the area being proposed as critical habitat is already designated as critical habitat for listed species.
An public informational meeting will be held from 3 to 5 p.m. that will include presentations about the proposed rule and the draft economic analysis followed by a question and answer period, and a 1 hour break. A public hearing will be held from 6 to 8 p.m., which will allow interested parties to provide "on the record" testimony.
Both will be held Feb. 21 at the Kealia Pond National Wildlife Refuge Visitor Center Multipurpose Room off of the Mokulele Highway in South Maui.
Critical habitat is a term in the Endangered Species Act that identifies geographic areas containing features essential for the conservation of a threatened or endangered species, and which may require special management considerations or protection.
Specifying the location of habitat essential for the conservation of the species helps federal agencies identify where to utilize their authorities to benefit the species as required by the act.
Designating critical habitat also helps focus the conservation efforts of other conservation partners, such as state and local governments, non-governmental organizations, and individuals.


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A high-performance cluster is a group of computers (real or virtual) sharing application load to get things done fast. A high availability cluster is designed primarily to secure the highest possible availability of services.
Whenever communication fails between one or more nodes and the rest of the cluster, a cluster partition occurs. The nodes of a cluster partition are still active and able to communicate with each other, but they are unaware of the nodes with which they cannot communicate. As the loss of the other partition cannot be confirmed, a split brain scenario develops (see also split brain).
consensus cluster membership (CCM)
The CCM determines which nodes make up the cluster and shares this information across the cluster. Any new addition and any loss of nodes or quorum is delivered by the CCM. A CCM module runs on each node of the cluster.
cluster information base (CIB)
A representation of the whole cluster configuration and status (node membership, resources, constraints, etc.) written in XML and residing in memory. A master CIB is kept and maintained on the DC and replicated to the other nodes.
cluster resource manager (CRM)
The main management entity responsible for coordinating all nonlocal interactions. Each node of the cluster has its own CRM, but the one running on the DC is the one elected to relay decisions to the other nonlocal CRMs and process their input. A CRM interacts with a number of components: local resource managers both on its own node and on the other nodes, nonlocal CRMs, administrative commands, the fencing functionality, and the membership layer.
designated coordinator (DC)
master node. This node is where the master copy of
the CIB is kept. All other nodes get their configuration and
resource allocation information from the current DC. The DC is elected
from all nodes in the cluster after a membership change.
Distributed replicated block device (drbd)
DRBD is a block device designed for building high availability clusters. The whole block device is mirrored via a dedicated network and is seen as a network RAID-1.
Occurs when a resource or node fails on one machine and the affected resources are started on another node.
Describes the concept of preventing access to a shared
resource by non-cluster members. It can be archived by
killing (shutting down) a
misbehaving node to prevent
it from causing trouble, locking resources away from a node whose
status is uncertain, or in several other ways.
Furthermore fencing is distinguished between node and resource fencing.
Heartbeat resource agent
Heartbeat resource agents were widely used with Heartbeat version 1. Their use is deprecated, but still supported in version 2. A Heartbeat resource agent can perform start, stop, and status operations and resides under /etc/ha.d/resource.d or /etc/init.d. For more information about Heartbeat resource agents, refer to _URL_
local resource manager (LRM)
The local resource manager (LRM) is responsible for performing
operations on resources. It uses the resource agent scripts to
carry out the work. The LRM is
dumb in that it does not
know of any policy by itself. It needs the DC to tell it what to do.
LSB resource agent
LSB resource agents are standard LSB init scripts. LSB init scripts are not limited to use in a high availability context. Any LSB-compliant Linux system uses LSB init scripts to control services. Any LSB resource agent supports a start, stop, restart, status and force-reload option and may optionally provide try-restart and reload as well. LSB resource agents are located in /etc/init.d. Find more information about LSB resource agents and the actual specification at _URL_ and _URL_
Any computer (real or virtual) that is a member of a cluster and invisible for the user.
The ping daemon. It continuously contacts one or more servers outside the cluster with ICMP pings.
policy engine (PE)
The policy engine computes the actions that need to be taken to implement policy changes in the CIB. This information is then passed on to the transaction engine, which in turn implements the policy changes in the cluster setup. The PE always runs on the DC.
OCF resource agent
OCF resource agents are similar to LSB resource agents (init scripts). Any OCF resource agent must support start, stop, and status (sometimes called monitor) options. Additionally, they support a metadata option that returns the description of the resource agent type in XML. Additional options may be supported, but are not mandatory. OCF resource agents reside in /usr/lib/ocf/resource.d/provider. Find more information about OCF resource agents and a draft of the specification at _URL_ and _URL_
In a cluster, a cluster partition is defined to have quorum (is
quorate) if it has the majority of nodes (or votes).
Quorum distinguishes exactly one partition. It is part of the algorithm
to prevent several disconnected partitions or nodes from proceeding and
causing data and service corruption (split brain). Quorum is a
prerequisite for fencing, which then ensures that quorum is indeed
Any type of service or application that is known to Heartbeat. Examples include an IP address, a file system, or a database.
resource agent (RA)
A resource agent (RA) is a script acting as a proxy to manage a resource. There are three different kinds of resource agents: OCF (Open Cluster Framework) resource agents, LSB resource agents (Standard LSB init scripts), and Heartbeat resource agents (Heartbeat v1 resources).
Single Point of Failure (SPOF)
A single point of failure (SPOF) is any component of a cluster that, should it fail, triggers the failure of the entire cluster.
A scenario in which the cluster nodes are divided into two or more
groups that do not know of each other (either through a software or
hardware failure). To prevent a split brain situation from badly
affecting the entire cluster, STONITH must come to the rescue. Also
known as a
partitioned cluster scenario.
The acronym for
Shoot the other node in the head which
is basically bringing down a misbehaving node to prevent it from
causing trouble in the cluster.
transition engine (TE)
The transition engine (TE) takes the policy directives from the PE and carries them out. The TE always runs on the DC. From there, it instructs the local resource managers on the others nodes which actions to take.


Home |Tech | News
Virtual hand gets under the skin
These new amazingly realistic animations of the human hand go way beyond the demands of Hollywood (see video, right). They are detailed enough to shed light on the mystery of how the tendons and muscles of the human hand interact when we move, and should help surgeons reconstruct damaged hands more effectively.
Computer animators are adept at making characters that move realistically, largely thanks to advances in motion capture technology that records the way people move.
But even the best motion capture only records the movement of the body's surface. That's fine for a movie, but surgeons are less superficial. They are interested in the movement of muscles and tendons beneath the skin.
Now hand animations that go below the surface (see video, right), have been made, by Shinjiro Sueda, Andrew Kaufman and Dinesh Pai at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada.
Moving muscle
They used anatomical data from medical images to model the 17 bones and 54 tendons and muscles of the hand and forearm.
The team's software can coordinate the contraction and relaxation of muscles, and the way forces are transmitted by tendons to produce any desired hand gesture.
"Motion capture is data driven - you just capture the data and play it back," says Sueda. "Our approach is a simulation in which the starting point is the physics of muscle and tendon movement."
Sueda's team also clothed their virtual muscles and tendons in a layer of skin. Just like real skin its shape depends on the anatomy beneath it.
Helping hand
"The parameters to control the deformation of the skin aren't biomechanical - it's just cosmetic," says Sueda. But because the underlying controlled muscles and tendons are accurately placed, the result is a hand animation that is highly realistic.
When Sueda's team took screen grabs of their animated hands and compared them to photographs of real hands in the same position, the two sets of images match closely.
The model should be a boon to surgeons, says Sueda. "The network of muscles and tendons in the hand is very complicated," he adds. "Even now people don't know how it actually works in detail."
Although the anatomy of the hand was worked out long ago from dissections, the interplay of all the components when in motion has largely remained a mystery. For this reason, the results of hand surgery can be unpredictable.
Adding realism
When a tendon is damaged, the muscle it's attached to no longer functions properly. Surgeons try to restore movement by taking a nearby tendon and re-routing it along the path of the damaged one. But predicting the results of that is difficult.
"Using our technique, you can show what effect rerouting a tendon would have on the hand before you actually do the surgery," says Sueda.
The new technology has also been built as a plug-in for existing graphics software to allow animators to quickly and easily add more realism to their hand animations.
The new hand animation models will be presented at the SIGGRAPH computer graphics conference in Los Angeles on 15 August 2008.
Movie file can be downloaded here:
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Issue No.02 - February (2008 vol.7)
There is a vast literature on the throughput analysisof the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol. However, very little has beendone on investigating the interplay between the collision avoidancemechanisms of the 802.11 MAC protocol and the dynamicsof upper-layer transport protocols. In this paper we tackle thisissue from an analytical, simulative and experimental perspective.Specifically, we develop Markov chain models to compute thedistribution of the number of active stations in an 802.11 WLANwhen long-lived TCP connections compete with finite load UDPflows. By embedding these distributions in the MAC protocolmodelling, we derive approximate but accurate expressions ofthe TCP and UDP throughput. We validate the model accuracythrough performance tests carried out in a real WLAN for a widerange of configurations. Our analytical model and the supportingexperimental outcomes show that: i) the total TCP throughput isbasically independent of the number of open TCP connections,and the aggregate TCP traffic can be equivalently modelled astwo saturated flows; and ii) in the saturated regime n UDP flowsobtain about n-times the aggregate throughput achieved by theTCP flows, independently of the overall number of persistentTCP connections. Index Terms--802.11 MAC protocol, TCP,UDP, performance modelling, Markov chain.
Raffaele Bruno, Marco Conti, Enrico Gregori, "Throughput Analysis and Measurements in IEEE 802.11 WLANs with TCP and UDP Traffic Flows", IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol.7, no. 2, pp. 171-186, February 2008, doi:10.1109/TMC.2007.70718


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Is there a possibility to factorize a parametric polynomial expression - meaning that the coefficients are defined as parameters, and not as specific numbers?
My example - a polynomial in s, with R1,..., R5 and C1,..., C2 being parameters:
LP2nTfDen = R1 R4 + R4 R5 + C2 R1 R2 R4 s + C1 R1 R3 R5 s + C2 R2 R4 R5 s -
 C1 C2 R1 R2 R4 R5 s^2
I'd like Mathematica to transform the expression in the form (A + s) (B + s)..., A, B, etc. being expressions of R1,..., R5, C1, C2. Is this possible?
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
It looks like your resulting expression will have a unit coefficient for the highest power. In this case you can do :
expr = Times @@ (s - Solve[LP2nTfDen/Last@CoefficientList[LP2nTfDen, {s}] == 0, s][[All,1, 2]]) ;
expr == LP2nTfDen/Last@CoefficientList[LP2nTfDen, {s}] // Simplify
(* True *)
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


Clearing Nestbox Or Stuck Eyes in Young Kits
A Clean Nestbox to Prevent Infection
[Editor's Note: When baby rabbits are in the nest box, they can suffer from infections in their eyes and genitals. For this reason it's very important to keep a clean, dry box for them to sleep in. If the bedding in the nest becomes wet or soiled, you should change the bedding and thoroughly sanitize the box. Save out the dry fur that the doe pulled to add to the new nest. Once you have changed the bedding, the kits may take a while to settle in. During this period they may crawl out of the box, and if they do it's a good chance that they will chill or get lost. So keep a close eye on the kits after you clean their box, and replace them if ever you find them outside the box before two weeks of age. Sometimes I even take the box away from the doe for several hours and keep a piece of wire over the top of the box, to prevent them from crawling out. Baby rabbits are at risk of death from exposure until they are 10-14 days old.]
Caring For Baby Rabbit Eyes
baby rabbit with his eyes stuck shutBaby rabbits are born with their eyes shut. The eyes do not open until they are about ten, eleven, or twelve days old.
If there are kits that are twelve days of age and their eyes have not opened, I will intervene to help out. I use a sterile eye wash and a clean cotton ball to soak the eyelids for a few minutes (try to warm up the solution a bit if it's very cold). Then, with clean fingers, I gently pry open the eyes.
If there was crusty matter keeping the eyes closed, then I apply a one-time application of optic ointment (tri-optic or terramycin ointment).
Treatment for Optical Infections in Young Bunnies
If an eye is full of pus, this is called "nest box eye." Treatment includes rinsing it with the eye wash and use the ointment twice a day for several days–until the symptoms have been gone for twenty-four hours. It can take persistence to clear up the symptoms.
You should consult your vet before giving medical treatment.
Editor's Note:
The bunny in the picture had an eye infection coming out of the nestbox. It took frequent treatments of warm water, soft cloths, and eye ointment to get it to clear up, but it finally did. He had a light spot on that eye for a while, which is a disqualification from competition. However, the spot went away as he matured.
Next Article: When babies leave the nest box
Next Article: When babies leave the nest box
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Webinar: Supporting Independence and Resilience
Are you struggling with your child's lack of independence? Understand why this is a struggle for your child, how to build up your child's resilience and learn the tools to help your child become more independent.
Twenty-One Senses believes in empowering families. Adam, one of our coaches, has two decades of experience understanding how people learn. He will help you understand your child's struggles and provide strategies to better support a positive outcome.
Once you register, we will provide you the secure link for the meeting. If you have any questions, you can contact us at _PHONE_.


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For driving in Honduras, a foreign visitor must have a full driving license valid in the country of his residence and an International driving permit.
To rent a vehicle in Honduras, a driver must be at least 21 years of age and have held a driver license for 2 years or more. Drivers under 24 and have to pay a young drivers surcharge.
The main road traffic rules:
- Driving is on the right hand side of the road.
- The minimum driving age is 18 years.
- Seat belts when driving are mandatory for drivers and passengers.
- Children under 12 years must be transported in the back sits.
- The use of a mobile phone while driving is prohibited, with the exception of a hands-free system.
- The maximum speed limit in urban areas is 40 km/h, and outside the urban areas 80 km/h.
- The permitted blood alcohol level is 0.07%.
- It is required to have in the car warning triangle, spare tire, and tools.
- It is not permitted to smoke while driving.
- Helmets are mandatory for all motorcycle riders.
- It is not permitted the following types of turns, unless allowed by the signaling and traffic management:
- right turns with caution in crossing areas covered by light;
- left turns;
- U-turns or return.
- To park vehicles in urban areas and in permitted areas, the vehicle tires must be at a maximum of 15 inches from the curb.
- It is prohibited to park on driveways and sidewalks, curves, bridges, less than 5 meters of intersections, street and pedestrian crossings.
Driving Overseas - Short Information
- Drivers must carry at all times while driving their valid driver licenses, car registration and insurance documents.
- Honduran roads are poorly lit and marked. People and animals are on the roads at all hours.
- In Honduras, there are no toll roads.
- In case of an emergency, foreign travelers should carry mobile phones in case of an emergency.
- Rockslides are common, especially in the rainy season which is from May through December.
- Foreign drivers should always drive with their doors locked and windows closed to avoid robberies. It is recommended to park vehicles in secure parking areas.
- In a case of an accident, vehicles may not be moved until the traffic police arrive.
- Any vehicle traveling in the country, must carry corresponding plates identification, one positioned in the front of the vehicle and another in the rear, except for vehicles requiring a single plate, which must be placed on the rear with a lighting device. Vehicles with foreign license plates entering the territory of Honduras can run with permit issued by the customs Honduran admission location.
- The back down is only allowed to park or accommodate a vehicle. It is forbidden to drive on public roads and making turns as long as it recedes.


Page:Zur Thermodynamik bewegter Systeme (Fortsetzung).djvu/5
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Then instead of \phi, \phi' is the angle read by a co-moving observer at a transporter, whose dimensions are contracted in the direction of motion in the ratio 1 : \varkappa. If we set
i\ \sin\phi\ \cos\phi\ d\phi = i'\ \sin\phi'\ \cos\phi'\ d\phi',
then i' is the true radiation intensity observed by the co-moving observer, whose measuring rods have experienced the mentioned contraction.
The quantity i' must be constant, i.e. independent of angle \phi', i.e. the true radiation is uniformly distributed into all directions in the contracted system; it obeys Lambert's \cos-law. Then two arbitrary oriented, equally moving surface elements are radiating the same amount of heat to each other. A mirror brought into a cavity doesn't change the distribution of radiation, since the ordinary reflection laws hold for the relative ray path in the contracted system. (This was shown in the most general way by H. A. Lorentz[1] and can be directly proven in this case.)
From (20) it easily follows:
\sin\phi'\cos\phi'\ d\phi'=\sin\phi\cos\phi\ d\phi\frac{\varkappa^{2}}{(1-\beta^{2}\sin^{2}\phi)^{2}},
thus it is:
 2. The absolute radiation intensity can be calculated from this equation. It is equal to
 and \varphi is again the direction of the absolute rays. Thus it is


text:
Roosters are important birds in Japanese culture, associated with the Sun Goddess Amaterasu, and in general their cry is believed to herald the dawn, the beginning of a new day. In Zen art, the rooster's cry reminds us, "Every day is a good day." Brushed by Eigen Ryoten, Yuho's Zen-master name.
Seki Yuho was born in Fukuoka. He became abbot of the major Zen temple Eigenji in 1956, and frequently traveled overseas to give instruction in Zen. Yuho wrote a number of books, including one entitled Die Once, and You Won't Die Again. He was a proflic Zen artist, both calligraphy and painting.


Plant Care Guide Sansevieria Trifasciata
Difficulty Level: Low Key
Low Key
What is the Snake Plant?
The Sansevieria Trifasciata, also known as "St. George's Sword" and "Viper's Bowstring Hemp," is a sturdy, popular houseplant. It produces upright, sword-like foliage with a golden ring and dark green center.
Native to Asia and Africa, the Snake Plant is adored for its beauty, as well as its relaxed care requirements and its tolerance of various drought conditions. Its uniformity leaves it almost looking artificial, but its natural benefits will be immediately noticeable!
Light CareLight Care
The Snake Plant prefers bright, indirect light, which can be achieved by being paced behind a transparent window curtain. Avoid spaces that expose your plant to bright, direct light, as this will cause the leaves of your plant to "burn," losing their healthy color.
Do not place your plant in a low-light environment, as this could lead to delayed, or diminished, growth.
Water CareWater Care
Water your Snake Plant on a biweekly basis, and make sure to evenly distribute the water to promote the healthiest growth. This plant is drought-resistant, meaning that it can tolerate being watered sparingly. Wait until the soil is slightly dry before watering, and in the winter months, further reduce the amount that the plant receives.
To check the water levels of your plant's soil, place a water meter several inches into the soil, where it will give you an accurate indication. If you do not own a water meter, stick one finger knuckle-deep into the soil. At this depth, you will be able to accurately account for the soil's level of moistness.
Food GuideFood Guide
A well-drained potting mix is ideal for the Snake Plant, as it allows for the greatest absorption of water possible without the risk of water pooling and causing root rot. This plant requires little to no fertilization, but if you feel that your plant could use a boost, provide it with a diluted houseplant fertilizer up to twice during the growing season.
Staff Holy Grail Pro-Tip:
The Snake Plant is an extremely durable houseplant, able to grow properly in an array of different environments. While it prefers areas of your home that offer bright, indirect light, it can grow even when placed in a room that provides lower levels of light. If you are looking for a plant that accepts lowlight conditions, the Snake Plant is perfect for you!
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An A-Z Guide To The Search For Plato's Atlantis
Latest News
 - Joining The Dots
 Joining The Dots
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Berlitz, Charles (L)
berlitzCharles Berlitz (_PHONE_) was born in New York, as Charles Frambach and was the grandson of Maximilian D. Berlitz, founder of the well-known language school. At his grandfather's request he changed his name to Frambach-Berlitz, subsequently dropping the Frambach completely. He graduated from Yale and eventually became a vice-president of the family company. He spoke a wide range of languages and wrote extensively on the subject.
He spent 26 years of his life in the US Army, half of that on active duty, serving as an intelligence officer. He served in World War II, the Korean War and Vietnam, retiring as a lieutenant colonel.
He developed an interest in mysteries and published a number of related books[165173] including two about Atlantis that support an Atlantic location for the lost civilisation, with the Canaries and Azores as leading contenders.
Unfortunately, his obsession with the Bermuda Triangle led him into lunatic fringe territory when he suggested a link between the 'Triangle' and Atlantis citing the 'prophecies' of Edgar Cayce and further extending his appeal to various factions of the aforementioned lunatic fringe, by hinting at a possible connection between Atlantis and UFO's.


Can a Way of Astral Self Monk use wisdom related scores for jumping?
I have several questions on the interactions between the Arms of Astral Self and the Jumping mechanics. According to the 3rd level feature, Arms of the Astral Self:
While the spectral arms are present, you gain the following benefits:
 - You can use your Wisdom modifier in place of your Strength modifier when making Strength checks and Strength saving throws.
 - You can use the spectral arms to make unarmed strikes.
 - When you make an unarmed strike with the arms on your turn, your reach for it is 5 feet greater than normal.
 - The unarmed strikes you make with the arms can use your Wisdom modifier in place of your Strength or Dexterity modifier for the attack and damage rolls, and their damage type is force.
The Jumping session of the PHB states:
Long Jump
This rule assumes that the height of your jump doesn't matter, such as a jump across a stream or chasm. At your DM's option, you must succeed on a DC 10 Strength (Athletics) check to clear a low obstacle (no taller than a quarter of the jump's distance), such as a hedge or low wall. Otherwise, you hit it.
High Jump
When you make a high jump, you leap into the air a number of feet equal to 3 + your Strength modifier (minimum of 0 feet) if you move at least 10 feet on foot immediately before the jump. When you make a standing high jump, you can jump only half that distance. Either way, each foot you clear on the jump costs a foot of movement. In some circumstances, your DM might allow you to make a Strength (Athletics) check to jump higher than you normally can.
You can extend your arms half your height above yourself during the jump. Thus, you can reach above you a distance equal to the height of the jump plus 1½ times your height.
My questions would be, assuming that I have Arms of the Astral Self activated:
 1. Can I use my Wisdom Score instead of my strenght score to determine my long jump distance?
 2. Can I make a Wisdom (Athletics) check instead of a Strenght (Athletics) check?
 3. Can I use my Wisdom modifier instead of my Strenght modifier to determine my high jump's height?
 4. Can the extra 5 feet range of the Arms of Astral Self be used when accounting for "extending your arms half your height above yourself" on the high jump, making it 1½ your height + 5 feet instead of only 1½ your height?
I am aware that some of the answers to these questions are up to DM discretion, so I would like to know, if possible, what would be the RAW interpretation and also how would you rule it in your games.
In advance, I'm extremely grateful to whoever takes time to answer these 🙂
Does a PF2e spellcaster who takes multiclass dedications into other spellcasting classes, and related spellcasting feats, gain more spell slots?
Ezren is a level 10 evocation wizard, and hence would have spell slots of the following levels:
+-------------+-----------------+ | Spell level | Number of slots | +-------------+-----------------+ | 1 | 4 | | 2 | 4 | | 3 | 4 | | 4 | 4 | | 5 | 4 | +-------------+-----------------+
However, at level 2 Ezren took the Sorcerer multiclass dedication. At level 4 he took Basic Sorcerer Spellcasting, and Bloodline Breadth at level 8.
How many spell slots does Ezren have in a given day? Is it:
Because at level 8, spellcasting archetype feats grant an additional spell slot of first, second and third level, AND the bloodline breadth feat increases each of these by one?
Or do these sources of spell slots not stack for some reason? Coming from fifth edition, a wizard who multiclasses sorcerer still has the same number of spell slots as a pure wizard, so I'd like to clarify my understanding here.
Is it possible for the runtime and input size in an algorithm to be inversely related?
I'm wondering if it's possible for algorithms that have monotonically decreasing runtime with the input-size – just as a fun mental exercise. If not, is it possible to disprove this claim? I haven't been able to come up with an example or counterexample so far, and this sounds like an interesting problem.
P.S. Something like $ O(\frac{1}{n})$, I guess (if it exists)
Help understanding a theorem Kleinberg proves related to sequence alignment
This is from Kleinberg's Algorithm Design text (Theorem 6.14)
Let $ M$ be an alignment of $ X$ and $ Y$. If $ (m, n) \notin M$, then either the $ m^{\text{th}}$ position of $ X$ or the $ n^{\text{th}}$ position of $ Y$ is not matched in $ Y$.
The theorem does not state that $ m, n$ must be the last elements of $ X$ and $ Y$ respectively, but earlier, when introducing the topic, he uses $ m, n$ to denote the last entries of the two strings. Which of these is correct?
Unrelated applications like games accessing 'webcache' related files
As title suggests im wondering if a game,for example, has any business accessing 'webcache_counters'.
After attempting to clean my webcachev01 file due to its oddly large filesize given the fact i dont use IE or Microsoft Edge at all, I noticed in processexplorer that alot of my random applications were accessing a file with the suffix 'webcache_counters' followed by a string of numbers I'd imagine to be a registry key.
Strange thing about this handle is that i cant view its properties nor close the handle. With the first saying that it is 'Unable to query' and the latter saying i lack administrative rights. To clarify I am the sole user and administrator on this machine.
All this is having me increasingly worried, ive been having recent fears of malware on my PC and this has appeared in my rigourous inquiry of my files and processes. How can an innocuous sounding file/handle bar me from even closing it in process explorer?
Create dynamic sql query to select all related data in DB based on entry table and ID
Hope all is well. I am hoping you can help me.
Problem Statement – I'm tasked to create a dynamic SQL statement which will select all related data from a given table where the Identifier is passed. For each table where the relevant data is found i would like the data to be exported onto a separate tab of within excel
If i was doing this manually done this i would perform the following queries and export the data onto each tab;
Select * from Mason where id = 12345 Select * from MasonContacts where Companyid= 12345 Select * from MasonOpportunities where Comid = 12345
However given the sheer volume of tables this isn't viable.
Step 1 : Type in my identifier (in this case my identifier is a field called "Id" in the Table "Mason") The query will always start from this table.
Table Name : Mason Field : Id = "12345"
Step 2 : Search against table "MasonContacts", search against the field "Companyid". Return all columns & records where the field "Companyid = 12345"
Table Name : MasonContacts Field : Companyid
Step 3 : Search against table "Mason Opportunities ", search against the field "Comid". Return all columns & records where the field "Company = 12345"
Table Name : MasonOpportunities Field : Comid
Looking forward to your help
Spam Mail Related to my Browsing
I was searching google to find a good printer to buy. To my horror, the next day I got a spam mail with theme "Print smarter at low price". Is this a coincidence or is my PC breached? What should I do? No alerts from Anti-Virus. Or can that webpage I opened install some malware? I didn't click on anything there.
Databases and B-Trees: What are Keys and how are they related
I confused about the description & definition of "key" occuring as terminology for databases and b-trees.
In first case dealing with theory of databases a key is defined as a choice for a in certain sense minimal (see below) subset $ K \subset A := \{A_1,A_2,…,A_n\}$ of a fixed set of attributes $ A_i$ parametrizing a data table (consisting of relations; a single relation is abstraction of a row in the table), where each attribute is literally a column specifying a property of objects = relations.
A key is characterized by property that there exist no two different relations (a relation is a row) which have exactly the same values for all attributes which belong to the key. And a key is a minimal subset with this property, ie there not exist a proper smaller subset of attributes contained in the key and having the property described in last sentence. Clearly keys are not unique. So the set of a keys is certain subset of the power set of the set attributes $ A_i$. See also here:
On the other hand the key concept occures as well for b-trees:
Here keys are a priori numbers or integers and different knots of b-tree contain different totally ordered subsets of keys


text:
Navigating the social world is often a challenge for the students we support. We believe this is a challenge that each of our students can learn to overcome. Black Mountain Academy is a safe place to build friendship, work through social difficulty, and grow relationally.
Through supportive coaching, self-reflection, practice, and authentic social experiences we help students develop greater confidence and competence to manage the complexities of the social world. Our approach is to foster our students' inherent relational strengths while also guiding them at moments where they may become lost or overwhelmed in a relationship.
Research suggests that the more exposure one can have in a range of novel contexts, the greater the likelihood of generalizability back into different domains of life. Coaching, consistency, predictability, and routine help form the basis for self-regulation and greater self-awareness. As our students better understand themselves, they are able to set and achieve goals that improve their social lives and personal fulfillment.
Integrating Social Skills:
- In the moment social coaching
- Supportive peer, staff, and therapist feedback
- Formal social skills lessons
- Role Modeling from staff and peers
- Intentional social dialogue
- Practice and refinement
- Co-regulation training
- Emotional communication and self-regulation skills training
- Mindfulness practices aimed at increasing self-awareness
- Exercises to improve self-reflection


Annulment or Divorce, What's the Difference? - Law and Daily Life
Annulment or Divorce, What's the Difference?
Annulments, as a general rule, require at least one of the following: 1) some type of fraud or concealment; 2) a refusal or inability to consummate the marriage (yes, that's pretty much just what it sounds like); or 3) a misunderstanding. Although "misunderstanding" sounds like a fairly broad category, it actually is usually interpreted fairly narrowly to mean a misunderstanding on some kind of a "deal-breaker" type of issue. It doesn't mean an argument or simply "not getting along". One example of a key misunderstanding might be if a couple had never discussed having children and they now found out they disagreed on the issue.
Fraud or hiding key information from a spouse might be grounds for an annulment, as well. For example, if a spouse lies about their ability to have kids (i.e. they physically can't), or hides that they have a sexually transmitted disease, these might be grounds for an annulment based on fraud or concealment.
The above noted requirements and the examples probably demonstrate why most annulments happen shortly after marriage, and in circumstances where the parties didn't know each other too long before marrying. Lastly, if a short term marriage is involved, an annulment would probably not involve any major issues such as division of property, child custody and support, etc. Below are links to more information on the topic, as well as a questionnaire for those looking into annulments.


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I need to show specifically using transfinite induction that given two well-ordered sets $\left(A,<_{1}\right)$ and $\left(B,<_{2}\right)$ there is only one isomorphism between them. To do this I want to show by induction that there is only one way to define the mapping and that is: $$\forall\, x\in A: \varphi\left(x\right)=\min\left(B\backslash\varphi\left(\left\{ a\in A\,:\, a<_{1}x\right\} \right)\right)$$ Showing the base of the induction is no problem and the induction hypothesis would be that $$\forall\, y<_{1}x\,:\,\varphi\left(y\right)=\min\left(B\backslash\varphi\left(\left\{ a\in A\,:\, a<_{1}y\right\} \right)\right)$$ My problem is that I can't seem to manage to use the hypothesis in order to prove the step. I've found a couple of ways to show this definition of the mapping is indeed necessary but none of those used the induction hypothesis. My plan was to mark $$c_{0}=\min\left(B\backslash\varphi\left(\left\{ a\in A\,:\, a<_{1}x\right\} \right)\right)$$ Using the fact $\varphi$ is surjective take $y\in A$ such that $\varphi\left(y\right)=c_{0}$ and show that it can't be that $y<_{1}x$ or $x<_{1}y$ and thus necessarily $y=x$. If someone could give me a way to show either one of these are false using the induction hypothesis it would solve my problem.
Thanks a lot!
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2 Answers 2
up vote 7 down vote accepted
What you want to show is that if $f\colon A\to B$ is an isomorphism of the given well-orders then $f=\varphi$.
Suppose that for $x\in A$ we have that $f\upharpoonright\{a\in A\mid a<_1 x\}=\varphi\upharpoonright\{a\in A\mid a<_1 x\}$. If $f(x)=\varphi(x)$ then we may continue the induction; otherwise $\varphi(x)


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Watch A Snake Eat Itself [VIDEO]
Well, here's something you don't see everyday.
This snake in a pet shop was recorded eating itself. Instead of finding someone to make it stop, some dude decided it would be better to record it. While this phenomenon is rare, it does happen when snakes get disoriented or stressed. According to this article at iflscience.com:
If snakes get too hot, they can become confused and disoriented. They also get a ramped-up metabolism, causing them to have a false sense of hunger and a desire to eat the first thing they see. As captive snakes typically live alone and food isn't routinely consistently available to them, they end up attacking themselves.
The article goes on to say that it is possible to get the snake to stop eating itself by turning down the heat and spritzing it with cool water, but most of the times, these instances become fatal.