The GENetic optimization and Bootstrapping of LInear Structures (GENBLIS) Home Page
Walter R. Mebane, Jr. and Jasjeet S. Sekhon
Please direct all questions and comments to Jasjeet Sekhon.
GENBLIS (GENetic optimization and Bootstrapping of LInear Structures) is an evolutionary program which estimates structural equation models with latent variables by combining the global search strength of evolutionary algorithms with the ability of derivative based algorithms to do rapid local hill climbing. GENBLIS provides bootstrap confidence intervals for parameters and bootstrap confidence limits for the goodness-of-fit test statistic. Structural equation models are often used in political science, sociology, psychology, marketing and related social science fields to specify and estimate stochastic models for linear relations in the presence of measurement errors.
There are a variety of ways to parameterize structural equation models. Following Bollen (1989 [*]), GENBLIS uses a parameterization developed by Jöreskog (1973 [*]) and Wiley (1973 [*]). This parameterization has become a standard because of the popularity of the LISREL program which was developed by Jöreskog and Sörbom.
GENBLIS is described in the GENBLIS Manual. One can download the following binaries:
The UNIX binaries are in tar and gzip format. Therefore, to unpack them in a given directory please issue the following commands:
zcat genblis.linux-1.11.4.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
You may have to change the mode of the genblis binary to make it an executable. The can be done by issuing the following command:
chmod ugo+rx genblis
Small parts of the current GENBLIS code were adapted from an early version of Zbigniew Michalewicz's GENOCOP I.
Return to Jasjeet Sekhon's Homepage


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Revised with major modifications, resubmitted June 2020, Moral and Political Philosophy.
Public policy should try to make individuals' lives better than they would otherwise be, according to welfare-consequentialism. This article asks which individuals should count in welfare-consequentialist public policy analysis. Possible answers to the "who counts" question fall along a spectrum between parochial and inclusive. One relatively parochial answer is that only welfare effects experienced by the living human constituents of government should be considered. At the other end of the spectrum, a highly inclusive answer would be that welfare impacts on all individuals who are capable of having welfare should be weighed equally in a social welfare function.
The paper proposes a two-level theory to respond to the "who counts" question. Two-level theories distinguish between (i) what is ethically ideal, and (ii) decision procedures for humans who want to give effect to an ethical ideal, but have limited capacity to do so. Persuasive arguments support an inclusive approach that encompasses the unborn, foreigners, and animals. However, human predictions of the welfare consequences of policy options are prone to error. Welfare predictions about individuals who are temporally, politically, or biologically dissimilar from the predicting government are especially likely to be wrong. Using a social welfare function with excessive welfare-prediction requirements to make decisions may undermine the government's capacity to correctly predict and advance anyone's welfare. The paper concludes by analyzing alternative ways to make welfare-consequentialist decision procedures more parochial, and therefore more practical for real human governments seeking to make life better for everybody.
Full Text Online: _URL_

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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By Nick Gilbert
A study conducted by Element Six, a specialist in synthetic diamond supermaterials, along with scientists from the Departments of Chemistry and Physics at the University of Warwick, has revealed that boron-doped synthetic diamond materials can be suitable for a new generation of electrochemical applications.
The research shows that boron-doped synthetic diamond has outstanding electrochemical properties while retaining the full strength and durability of its chemical structure.
The study shows that the materials have excellent electrochemical properties and retain the durability and strength of their chemical structure.
According to the research findings, the quantity of boron doping in the synthetic diamond together with a decrease in graphitic content, makes the material an ideal choice for the analysis of electrochemical reactions in a broad measurement range.
Element Six developed the high quality synthetic diamond samples that were used in the research by using chemical vapour deposition (CVD), and optimized them mainly for electrochemical applications. The collaborative research discovered that it was possible to dope the synthetic diamond material with considerably high levels of boron to allow metal electrode-like behavior, and simultaneously restrain the creation of graphitic carbon elements to below detectable levels. Thus, an optimized material is provided by the team which maximizes the series of analytes that can be found in solution along with reduced detection limits. The enhanced boron-doped electrodes will facilitate the development of electrochemical sensors with improved reliability, selectivity and sensitivity.
The technical research on synthetic diamond material was performed by the Element Six's UK-based R&D team and the electrochemical studies were conducted by the University of Warwick's Electrochemistry and Interfaces Group.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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1. The effects of adrenalectomy on the adenylate cyclase—adenosine 3′:5′-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) system of rat renal medulla were examined to evaluate the mechanism of the impaired water diuresis in glucocorticoid deficiency.
2. Concentrations of cyclic AMP in medullary tubules from adrenalectomized rats were significantly higher than in the tubules from control animals both in the presence and absence of antidiuretic hormone.
3. This abnormality was corrected by the treatment in vivo of the adrenalectomized rats with dexamethasone, but addition of this drug to the incubation medium did not abolish the differences in cyclic AMP between tubules from adrenalectomized and normal rats.
4. The activity of adenylate cyclase or cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase in vitro was not affected by adrenalectomy.
5. In glucocorticoid deficiency, the concentration of cyclic AMP in medullary tubules is increased both with and without antidiuretic hormone. This abnormality may render medullary tubules more permeable to water and may underlie the impaired water diuresis in glucocorticoid deficiency.


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A Child's Book of Values
Estsve Pujol i Pons
Number of pages: 112
A Child's Book of Values is a collection of stories from different cultures around the world,each story illustrating a different virtue.
"Fairy tales, fables, parables, examples, stories, epigrams, epic poems, ballads—all havetransmitted the science of life from generation to generation since the remotest times.They not only educate the individual but mold the thoughts of a people."
The twenty-six stories come from many cultures, but as the case with most good liter-ature, they are universal. With engaging full-color illustrations and clever design elements,this is a book to pick up and read to little ones and to give to middle schoolers to readthemselves. School libraries will find this a wonderful addition to their collection.
Among the stories readers will find:
- George Washington and the Cherry Tree(Story from the U.S.A.): Honesty
- The Elves and the Shoemaker(Brothers Grimm): Justice
- In the Sand and on the Rock(Arab Folk Tale): Peace
- The Emperor's New Clothes (Hans Christian Andersen): Sincerity
- Now We Will See What Time Brings Us(Chinese Folk Tale): Hope
- The Clever Girl (Polish Folk Tale): Creativity


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Dairy farmers are totally focused on milk price, an aspect of their business which is so discouraging at the moment. They could improve their situation by taking a closer look at their management system and costs.
For example, do they know the pregnancy rate on the farm? Do they realise that an increase in that figure could have a beneficial impact on the overall profitability of their enterprise. Unfortunately some farmers do not know this figure and do not have an analysis of their herd records which would provide this data.
They are losing out on a golden opportunity to increase their income according to James Woods, Reproduction Services Manager with Genus ABS. James points out that the average calving interval in Northern Ireland herds is 428 days which equates to a pregnancy rate of 12%. Each 1% increase in pregnancy rate is equivalent to £25/cow/year. If Northern Ireland could even increase this pregnancy rate by a modest 4% to 16% it would mean an extra £100/cow/year, which in the average Northern Ireland 90 cow herd would be £9,000.
He added: "A high Pregnancy Rate means that the farm will be milking a higher proportion of fresh cows, which in turn increases yields and feed efficiency."
James went on to explain that the pregnancy rate for the top 25% of cows in Genus' RMS (Reproduction Management System) system in Northern Ireland is 24%.
If a farmer with 200 cows could move from a 14% pregnancy rate to the top RMS rate of 24% it would be worth £50,000 per year. Allowing for an average cost of the system of £8000 this still means an increase in income of £42,000.
James emphasised: "If a farmer only considers cost then a figure of £8000 seems a large sum, but as I pointed out earlier he must also consider the results."
The RMS system involves an expert technician checking the cows daily and inseminating at the optimum time.
The important aspects for improving pregnancy rate are heat detection and data collection and analysis. Farmers are often amazed that an experienced technician can detect more heats in a once a day visit than they, who are working with the herd, can detect.
The collection of data and its analysis is vital. Key statistics are useless if their impact cannot be analysed, quantified and the results utilised on farm. This is a very important aspect of the RMS system - the detailed information and analysis that is provided.
James emphasised: "Increased pregnancy rates will not only mean increased yields but will also mean more replacements, more bull calf sales, better culling policies and better breeding decisions."
James can be contacted on _PHONE_ 7886.


What do the buttons do?
 - Power Button (left side button): Use to power on/off or access the Settings menu. Easily add your sensors at any time by tapping the power button and selecting the Add a Sensor.
 - History Button (bottom left button): Use to display recent workout history and weekly report. More detailed workout information is available through the companion app when you connect to wifi (upload of workouts is automatic). Additionally, the History button is also used to stop a workout or start a new lap during your ride.
 - Start Button (bottom centre button): Use to start/pause/resume a workout, or toggle Settings menu items on/off.
 - Page Button (bottom right button): Press the 'Page' button to switch between workout data, climbing and navigation pages.
 - Menu Toggle (right side up/down buttons): Use to navigate the Settings menu or quickly see more or less data by zooming in or out on any page when performing a workout.


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Handmade Puppet Craft
Make your own "Ugly Doll" out of a single mitten or glove.
- Master puppeteer:Your kid.
- A single mitten or glove that's missing its mate
- Permanent markers
- Pipe cleaners
- Buttons and googly eyes
- Fabric and yarn scraps
- Fabric glue
- A hot-glue gun and glue sticks:Kids and hot glue don't mix, so make sure you do all the gluing.
- Stuffing material:Pick up some fiberfill or just raid the medicine cabinet for cotton balls.
- Plastic sewing needle
- Chopstick or knitting needle
- Send your kid on a mission in the coat closet to find an old, mateless glove or mitten. Light-colored fabrics work best.
- Then lay out the markers, buttons, googly eyes, yarn and fabric scraps and invite your kid to decorate the mitten like a monster. He can use yarn for hair, buttons for eyes or a nose, the fabric scraps for tentacles or pipe cleaners as antennae. Let his imagination go to work, while you get to work hot-gluing everything into place.
- Next, help him fill the glove or mitten with stuffing. If he's using cotton balls, have him fluff them out before stuffing. To get the fill into glove fingers or a mitten thumb, push it up with chopstick or knitting needle.
- Then show your kid how to thread a plastic needle and help him sew the bottom of the monster shut using a simple in-and-out stitch. And presto! He's got himself a scary, strange-looking new pal. Uglydoll's got nothin' on this guy!
- Not the sewing type? Have your kid seal the bottom of the mitten monster with a rubber band or use a little hot glue to seal it shut.


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Crows have long been recognized for their intelligence. Lately, the crow's ability to make and to use tools has been acquiring this bird a great deal of attention and scientific study.
In this video you'll see a crow pick up the lid to a jar, set it down on the apex of a snow-mottled roof and slide down one side, carefully keeping its feet on the lid until it gets to the bottom. Then it picks up the lid, flies back to the apex, tests out another face of the roof, finds it lacking, returns to the original position, and slides down again.
More about this video at The Atlantic.


Does Army experience help your civilian career?
By: Danielle Fisher
Benefits of Army Training and Experience
Once you've enlisted and chosen a career path (or, as often is the case, had a career path chosen for you), the Army will send you to Basic Combat Training. While this specific training may not be relevant to your civilian career (unless you decide to become a personal trainer), you'll have the opportunity to learn important people skills that build character. Discipline, time management, teamwork, perseverance and leadership -- these are all valuable skills that are taught during basic training. And a successful Army career could be looked at by a potential employer as proof that you're adept in all of these areas.
After basic training, you will be provided with Advanced Individual Training specific to your job that includes hands-on education and field instruction [source:]. Any training that is specific to your Army job can be beneficial to your future career, especially since it occurs in such a team-oriented environment.
Throughout your Army career, you'll likely be offered additional opportunities for training and education relevant to your specific job, which could include anything from seminars on leadership to college courses at an accredited university. These are all valuable additions to a civilian resume.
Beyond training and education, the experiences you'll gain from being in the Army are important to any job. Teamwork and management skills are an integral part of the cohort dynamic in the Army. Even if you're not given the opportunity to lead your fellow soldiers, you will gain important knowledge about becoming a leader as you are lead by powerful, educated officers.
The Army understands that not everyone wants to be a career soldier. That's why it lists related civilian jobs alongside every Army job posting. It recognizes there are valuable skills taught in every Army position that will be relevant to many other civilian opportunities. The Army wants interested recruits to know how the skills they will learn will transfer over into civilian jobs once their commitments are up. We'll discuss what civilian careers are easy transitions from the Army next.


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Physiology of freezing of gait.
Snijders AH., Takakusaki K., Debu B., Lozano AM., Krishna V., Fasano A., Aziz TZ., Papa SM., Factor SA., Hallett M.
Freezing of gait (FOG) is a common and debilitating, but largely mysterious, symptom of Parkinson disease. In this review, we will discuss the cerebral substrate of FOG focusing on brain physiology and animal models. Walking is a combination of automatic movement processes, afferent information processing, and intentional adjustments. Thus, normal gait requires a delicate balance between various interacting neuronal systems. To further understand gait control and specifically FOG, we will discuss the basic physiology of gait, animal models of gait disturbance including FOG, alternative etiologies of FOG, and functional magnetic resonance studies investigating FOG. The outcomes of these studies point to a dynamic network of cortical areas such as the supplementary motor area, as well as subcortical areas such as the striatum and the mesencephalic locomotor region including the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN). Additionally, we will review PPN (area) stimulation as a possible treatment for FOG, and ponder whether PPN stimulation truly is the right step forward. Ann Neurol 2016;80:644-659.


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Jump to navigation Jump to search
- (idiomatic) To emulate the behavior/behaviour that is generally attributed to the individual named.
- He did a Henry VIII and got married six times.
- Do a can either refer to the actions of a famous person, real or fictitious, that would be understood by most anyone, or to the actions of an individual known mainly by the speaker or writer and the audience or readers.
- The beginning "do" conjugates in the same way as do.
To emulate the behavio(u)r generally attributed to the individual named


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While many companies use shoe covers to prevent contamination, many Shoe Inn customers also use sticky mats to maximize contamination prevention. The utilization of multi-layer adhesive mats for cleanrooms is almost universal. However, how the mats are used is unique to each cleanroom. Mats can vary in size, color, number, and placement based on the logistics and characteristics of each individual cleanroom.
Mats should be placed in an area where they will be on clean, hard flooring. They should be placed just before or just after the ingress/egress point for each cleanliness or control change. It is suggested that the placement sites are worked backward from the final clean area or cleanroom.
- cleanroom – gowning area
- cleanroom – staging area
- gowning area – control area
- control area – common hallway
- common hallway – warehouse or receiving
- common hallway – public area
Matting should be placed so that all those passing through that point must step on the mats. Matting should be placed with the longer dimension of the mat in the same direction as the traffic flow for maximum footfalls on each mat. The minimum number of footfalls should be two with each foot for each location.
The proper size mat for each area of placement depends on the width of the opening and the variance and direction of the traffic. Normally the width of the mat should be 2/3rds to 3/4ths of the width of the doorway. It does not normally need to cover the full width because ordinary traffic passes through the middle of the doorway and not along the edge. However, if the traffic enters at a sharp angle or from the side of the entryway, then the width of the mat needs to be wider than the doorway to allow for enough footfalls.
As stated above, the length of the mat should be long enough to provide at least two footfalls with each foot at each location. Usually this is a minimum of 45 inches.
The color of the mats, which has no effect on the function of the mat, can vary from standard blue, white, and grey to custom colors and printed messages. In general, white shows the most dirt and particulates, and is normally preferred to make sure the layers are changed at frequent enough intervals. However, grey and blue work just as well when a maintenance schedule is set.
How often the layers should be removed depends on a number of factors:
- How dirty the area the personnel are coming from is.
- The number of people or pairs of feet per shift or per hour.
- The difference in cleanliness between the areas.
- The size of the mats and how many mats or locations are in the series.
In general, areas farther away from the cleanroom will be dirtier. Changing the layers at this point of use every half hour would be a benchmark with which to start. The final entry area into the cleanroom is probably from a clean area to a very clean area and each layer may last 4 to 8 hours.
However, this is just a rough guideline and each point of use will vary greatly. A few days of use and observation will help to determine the optimal mat layer change interval.
- Before placing a new mat down or replacing an existing mat, thoroughly clean the surface to remove contamination that may act as a barrier and keep the mat from properly adhering to the floor. Make sure to remove any adhesive residue if you are replacing an existing mat. It is recommended to use a pre-saturated wiper that contains a percentage of isopropyl alcohol. Make sure the surface is completely dry before application.
- To apply the mat, remove half of the release liner in the long direction of the mat, which will help with the alignment of the mat.
- Once you have the mat properly aligned in the location you want, start smoothing out the half of the mat with the adhesive exposed. Start at one end and work toward the middle making sure you do not trap air under the mat as you go, then remove the rest of the release liner and smooth the rest of the mat out in the same direction in which you removed the release liner.
Matting should be stored flat and for several hours in similar climate conditions as the point of use. For ideal results, the mats should be used in a controlled environment setting but may be placed in any area that has a temperature of 54-95 oF (12-35 oC).
Long-term storage of mats should always be on a flat and hard surface. Storage on the original shipping pallet is recommended. Normal warehouse conditions are usually acceptable but extreme temperatures (less than 32 or greater than 105 oF / 0 or 40 oC) should be avoided.
Storage of mats longer than one year from the date of purchase is not recommended. However, under normal storage conditions, matting should not have any variation in performance for a period of up to three years.
The utilization of multi-layer sticky mats for cleanrooms is almost universal. In fact, many customers who use the Shoe Inn automatic shoe cover dispensing system also use these adhesive mats to further help prevent contamination within controlled environments. Depending on various factors such as how dirty the area the personnel are coming from is and the level of cleanliness desired or mandated, this combined approach may be advisable or even required.


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How to Put an Accent Over a Letter in Word
There may come a time when you'll need to put an accent over a letter in a Word document. After searching your keyboard, you realize you don't have the proper key. If this has happened to you, don't worry, you're not the only one having difficulty figuring out how to add an accent or special character.
So how do you add an accent over letters for a word like "déjà vu?" In this article, we'll show you exactly how it's done.
How to Put an Accent Over a Letter in Word on a Mac
What do you do if you need to use a word that requires an accent over a letter in a Word document? There are certain words you may need to use with a particular character, like an accent. Fortunately, Microsoft Word makes this task easy to accomplish. To learn how to do this on a Mac, follow the steps below:
- Select the "Insert" tab in Word.
- From the drop-down menu, depending on which version of Word you have, choose "Symbol" or "Advanced Symbol."
- Choose the letter you need with an accent over it by tapping on the character.
- The character will be inserted into your Word document where your cursor is located.
Letters with accents are common and should be easily located on the display keyboard. If you can't find the correct character, tap the down arrow next to "Font" and choose a different subset.
How to Put an Accent Over a Letter in Word on a Chromebook
Chromebook users occasionally need to use a word that requires an accent over a letter in a Word document. Without a specialized keyboard, this could pose a problem. You can easily solve this issue by temporarily switching between the US and international keyboards. This is how you do it:
- Launch the "Settings" app.
- Scroll down and select "Languages and Input."
- Tap on "Inputs and keyboards" scroll down and select Add input methods.
- Click on the box next to "US International Keyboard." then Add.
- With the international keyboard selected, type the character with the accent.
- Once completed, you can switch back to the US keyboard by clicking in the bottom-right corner of the screen and switch back to the "US keyboard."
How to Put an Accent Over a Letter in Word on a Windows PC
Although not entirely common, there could come a time when you'll need to put an accent over a letter. You may need to use a Spanish word in your document, but it requires using characters that don't seem to be on the keyboard. Thankfully, Word has an easy way to accomplish this. To do this, follow these steps:
- From the top tabs in Word, choose "Insert."
- Select "Symbol" or "Advanced Symbol," depending on which version of Word you're running.
- A new window will open that displays a keyboard. Click on the character you'd like to use in the document.
- This character will be inserted into your Word document at your cursor's location.
Letters with accents are common and generally found in the default keyboard. If not, tap on the down arrow next to "Font" and select a different subset.
How to Put an Accent Over a Letter in Word on an iPad
Users of the Word app on an iPad could run into a problem if they need to use a letter with an accent. To keep your document professional and accurate, you'll need to find a way to type these letters properly. Although not apparent, these special characters are available. To find them, do the following:
- Within the Word app, press and hold down the key you need for the unaccented letter.
- A small pop-up menu will appear with a list of available accented letters.
- Tap on the one you'd like in your document. It will be inserted where your cursor is placed.
How to Put an Accent Over a Letter in Word on an iPhone
If you're using the Word app on your iPhone, you may need to use a letter with an accent. Your keyboard doesn't show any special characters, but they are there, albeit not visible. Fortunately, there's an easy way to access the letters with accents. To do so, here's what you'll need to do:
- Place your cursor in your Word document where you want to insert the letter.
- Long tap on the letter that needs an accent.
- Just above the letter, a small window will open that will display that letter with accents.
- Select the appropriate accented letter to insert into your document.
How to Put an Accent Over a Letter in Word on an Android Device
If you're using the Word app on your Android and need to type a letter with an accent, you may not think it's possible. Your keyboard doesn't have any characters with accents, but that doesn't mean you can't do it. These special characters are hidden but easily accessible. Here's what you do to find them:
- Place the cursor where you want to insert an accented letter.
- Tap and hold momentarily on the letter you want to add an accent.
- A small window will appear above that letter displaying available accented letters.
- Slide your finger over the one you'd like to use and release it to select it.
I want to add other symbols to my Word document. Where do I find them?
Not only can you add letters with accents over them in Word, but you can also insert special characters. Common ones you may need to use are the symbols for trademark and copyright. You won't find them on a standard keyboard, but Word makes it easy to insert them into your document. This is how you do it:
1. Using Word's top tab menu, tap on "Insert" and then "Symbol" or "Advanced Symbol."
2. A small pop-up window will open.
3. At the top of this new window, tap on "Special Characters."
4. Scroll through the list and click on the one you want to use.
5. The unique character will be inserted where your cursor is pointed in the Word document.
If you use the same special character often, you can easily set up a keyboard shortcut for it. Here's how to do it:
1. From the "Special Characters" window, select the character.
2. Click on "Keyboard Shortcut."
3. Assign a new keyboard shortcut or use the one already set up. You'll see its default setting in the "Current Keys" window.
Easily Find Those Hidden Accented Letters on Your Keyboard
Although they aren't readily visible, you can type letters with accents over them. The process to do so is similar on all devices. For those using mobile or handheld devices, you can find them by pressing down on the letter you need to which you need to apply the accent. You'll be shown which ones are available. For Mac and PC users, you simply need to insert them as a special symbol by utilizing the insert function.
Have you had difficulty finding letters with accents over them in Word? Did you find them using the methods outlined in this article? Let us know in the comments section below.


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Integrate mailparser.io and Smartsheet
This integration via app automation platform Zapier will let you automatically create Smartsheet rows from new emails parsed by mailparser.io. It's a simple way to keep from copying and pasting your email data into Smartsheet.
Automated connections called Zaps, set up in minutes with no coding, can automate your email workflows from mailparser.io to Smartsheet. Each Zap has one app as the **Trigger**, where your information comes from and which causes one or more **Actions** in other apps, where your data gets sent automatically.
Add Smartsheet rows from emails parsed by mailparser.io
Here's what you'll need to get started:
- Authorize Zapier to connect to your mailparser.io account and access your data. Log in to mailparser.io and navigate to your inbox. Choose "Webhooks" in the left menu and then add a new "Zapier Integration". Then, copy the URL from the Zap builder and paste it into the "Zapier Webhook URL" field.
- Make sure your mailparser.io inbox has at least one existing email and test your Trigger by clicking, "OK, I did this". This will pull in test data to help you complete the setup of your Zap.
- Next, you'll create your Action step, sending your parsed email data to Smartsheet. Enter your Smartsheet credentials to connect your account to Zapier and choose which sheet to send the parsed data to.
- This is the most important step of setting up your Zap. You're telling Zapier what to do with the data it's grabbing from your parsed emails. Use the drop-downs in each Smartsheet field to map the parsed data to Smartsheet.


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January 18, 1813
Joseph Farwell Glidden: The Father of Barbed Wire
Joseph Farwell Glidden was born on January 18, 1813, and became known as the "Father of Barbed Wire." In 1874, Glidden was issued patent #157,124 for the first wire technology that was capable of restraining cattle. While his barbed wire was neither the first nor the last, it was ruled the best after a three year legal battle.


text: This peg literacy resource is aimed at pupils in middle classes or SEN pupils. It is made up of cloze sentences with one word missing. The focus of the sentences is learning antonyms (words of opposites meaning). The pack contains 20 cards – on the left hand side of each card is a sentence with a word missing. The pupil has to use a clothes peg to identify on the right hand side of the card which word is the opposite of the underlined word in red in the sentence.


Rebuild public infrastructure to meet 21st century challenges and needs
"My vision for Pennsylvania includes vibrant towns and cities with new development, opportunities in rural and disadvantaged areas, and a modern, interconnected commonwealth."
-Governor Tom Wolf
Why is this goal important?
Pennsylvania is home to one of the largest transportation networks in the country – encompassing 121,000 miles of roads, 32,000 bridges, 6,000 miles of freight and passenger rail, three maritime ports, 38 transit systems, and 134 public-use airports. This network is essential to a thriving economy and to the quality of life of Pennsylvania's residents and visitors. Pennsylvania state government must support the commonwealth's infrastructure with timely maintenance and smart investments to ensure that it continues meeting the public's needs for years to come.
What are we working on to reach this goal?
Since Governor Wolf took office, he has made rebuilding Pennsylvania's infrastructure a top priority. The governor has announced a plan for the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT) to invest more than $2 billion in roadway maintenance and highway and bridge capital projects over the next 10 years through its new Road Maintenance and Preservation (Road MaP) program. Governor Wolf reinforced his administration's commitment to rural communities with plans to improve more than 1,100 rural and low-volume roadway miles and rehabilitate or replace at least 85 municipally owned bridges over five years. As part of his Resurface PA initiative, Governor Wolf directed PennDOT to prioritize $181 million to accelerate repaving work on interstates and attack potholes across Pennsylvania. At the start of his second term, Governor Wolf announced a major new infrastructure initiative – Restore Pennsylvania. Funded by the monetization of a common sense severance tax, Restore Pennsylvania will invest $4.5 billion over the next four years in high-impact projects that will prevent flooding, eliminate blight, and extend high-speed internet access to all Pennsylvanians.
How are we doing?
Related Content


Why is it hard to fight in dreams?
You cant throw a punch because your body is basically temporarily paralysed during REM, so that you wont be able to hurt yourself. … You cant throw a punch because the your subconscious is holding you back. Most of the threats that we face in dreams are the representations of the issues we have in our real lives.
Why are my punches so weak in my dreams?
Your brainstem usually paralyzes your muscles when you're sleeping, and sometimes the feeling of not being able to move can translate into your dreams. … So your brain is getting the response that you haven't actually thrown a punch, and in your dream you get the sensation that it's "weak".
Why do we fight so slow in dreams?
Every time I'm dreaming and try to punch something or someone it always ends up being a heavy, slow-motion flail that does nothing… Why is this? It's because punching (like running) is a highly-coordinated activity that relies on proprioceptive feedback throughout the motion to work.
IT IS INTERESTING: Quick Answer: What does a broken plate mean in a dream?
Why can't I punch hard or run fast in my dreams?
You may be feeling powerless in a situation." In a separate entry, it also says: To dream that you are trying to run but cannot make your feet move as fast as you want them to, signifies lack of self-esteem and self-confidence. It may also reflect your actual state of REM paralysis while in the dream state.
Why do my punches feel weak in a fight?
The primary reason is adrenaline. Adrenaline prepares you for a fight by turning your survival mode on. So your brain doesn't let you feel the intense pain that you normally would feel when you punch someone. So because you don't feel the pain in your hand, you automatically think you didn't hit your enemy hard enough.
Do blind people dream?
Why can't I scream for help in my dreams?
The inability to scream, as well as run or punch someone in your dream, appears because your brain areas that control motor neurons are switched off during sleep," explains Julie Lambert, a certified sleep expert from Happy Sleepy Head. "Motor neurons are responsible for any muscle contractions.
Can you feel pain in dreams?
IT IS INTERESTING: What does it mean to dream about getting cheated on?
Why do I run fast in my dreams?
Running Fast Dream Meaning. Running fast in a dream is a symbol of danger that can be avoided. It is also a precursor of a holiday, great luck and favorable events. … If you tried to run fast, but didn't manage to do it in a dream, the image means that your happiness will find you not very soon.
Do you dream in real time?
We dream in real time.
Can you die in your dreams?
Why can I only run backwards in my dreams?
To run or walk backwards in a dream suggests that you have trouble with experiences. If you are finding it hard to walk forward then something in life is holding you back. … If in your dream you are called backwards by somebody or something then this is considered a possible fear of moving forward in life.
What is the most powerful punch?
"Francis Ngannou holds the world record for the most powerful punch. His punch is the equivalent of 96 horsepower, which is the equivalent of being hit by Ford Escort at top speed. It's also the equivalent of being hit by a sledgehammer being swung full force from overhead.
IT IS INTERESTING: What does it mean when you dream about firecrackers?
Do kicks hurt more than punches?
Can a kick hurt more than a punch? … Undoubtedly, a kick can hurt more than a punch. While punches are particularly painful, they mostly involve using your muscles to throw your weight as violently as possible into another person. Kicks do involve weight transfer, but they have an added benefit that punches do not.
Why do skinny guys punch hard?
A skinny person with low body fat can actually be packing more muscle and a similar bodyweight than a bigger looking person with some body fat. … Add to that that a lot of the more important muscles for throwing a hard punch (legs and core) are not the ones that make you look jacked.
Happy Witch


A Java StreamCorruptedException can be thrown while deserialising data. It essentially occurs in one of two main cases:
Essentially, what happens is that, somehow or other, the writing and the reading get "out of kilter". Here are a couple of ways it can happen:
Forgetting to close the ObjectOutputStream that wrote the data (or closing the wrong stream)
If I had a dollar for every time I'd seen this mistake, I'd be typing this article on a more expensive laptop. The mistake usually looks something like this:
OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(f);
BufferedOutputStream bout = new BufferedOutputStream(out);
ObjectOutputStream oout = new ObjectOutputStream(bout);
The problem here is that we've closed the wrong stream. In between the actual FileOutputStream and the object writing, there is a layer of buffering. Thus, when we close the underlying output stream, there is a risk that some of the data is still "stuck" in the buffer.
The solution is simple, and is how you should always handle closing streams: ALWAYS close the stream that was created last, in this case, the ObjectOutputStream. This way, each layer of streaming has a chance to pass any buffered data down to the stream below it (and by definition, the close() method must do so). Note that you don't need to close every stream— just the outer one.
Forgetting to check the return value of
This is also a mistake I've seen time and time again. It happens when you're manually chopping up an input stream into sections and then passing part of the stream to an ObjectInputStream. Each section might be preceded by a four-byte length marker, for example:
public Object readObject(InputStream in) throws IOException,... {
 int objDataLen = readInt(in);
 byte[] objData = new byte[objDataLen];;
 ObjectInputStream oin = new ObjectInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(objData));
 return oin.readObject();
Here, our capital sin is that we assume that the read() method will fill the array. It won't necessarily, and we end up with a partial object stream. The problem can be especially difficult to track down when the bytes are coming in over a network, because the problem will be intermittent and essentially random.
If this problem occurs at some point in the stream, then it will have a knock-on effect on later parts of the stream. The solution is to be careful to always check the return value of when reading into an array.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I remember hearing somewhere that strongly irreducible Heegaard surfaces in hyperbolic 3-manifolds "look like" fibers.
I know that Otal's result about short geodesics in hyperbolic mapping tori being unlinked with respect to fibers has an analogue in the setting of strongly irreducible Heegaard surfaces.
Can someone tell me some other similarities between strongly irreducible Heegaard surfaces and fibers in hyperbolic 3-manifolds? Or why someone would say that strongly irreducible Heegaard surfaces look like fibers? Any references would be greatly appreciated.
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1 Answer 1
up vote 4 down vote accepted
Something more basic is true. Strongly irreducible Heegaard splittings act a lot like incompressible surfaces (of which fibers are a special case). Here are two results as evidence.
First, suppose that the three-manifold is equipped with a triangulation. Then Haken showed that incompressible surfaces can be normalized. That is, isotoped to intersect every tetrahedron in a collection of standard disks; normal triangles and normal quads. Rubinstein (and Stocking) showed that strongly irreducible splittings can be "almost normalized"; in every tetrahedron it has normal disks and in at most one tetrahedron there is an almost normal annulus or octagon. Michelle Stocking's thesis is a standard reference for this material. Many people (Rubinstein, Hass, Bachman, Scott,...) will say in public that the above is a PL version of an analytic truth: incompressible surfaces can be isotoped to be minimal surfaces of index zero while strongly irreducible surfaces can be made minimal of index one.
Second, suppose that $S, T$ are surfaces, with $T$ incompressible. If $S$ is also incompressible then it is an exercise in innermost disks to show that, after isotoping $S$ to meet $T$ minimally, all curves of intersection are essential on both surfaces. If $S$ is instead strongly irreducible then a one-parameter sweep-out argument, followed by an innermost disk argument shows that there is some position of $S$ where all curves of intersection are essential on both surfaces.
Ok, third (I couldn't resist), suppose that the ambient three-manifold is hyperbolic. Minsky's approach to the ending lamination conjecture says that the geometry "around" the incompressible surface or a strongly irreducible splitting can be modelled using "blocks" based on the four-holed sphere or once-holed torus, where the blocks are glued to each other vertically using pairs of pants and horizontally using solid tori (Margulis tubes).
share|improve this answer
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Create reusable content
You can make elements on a screen into user controls that can be used in multiple pages throughout a prototype. For example, you can create a navigation bar, and then make the navigation bar into a user control so that you can reuse the control throughout your prototype.
For more information about creating UserControls, see Create an application flow.
You might also want to create a library of UserControls so that you can easily reuse them throughout multiple projects. You can create a Microsoft Silverlight or Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) control library.
To create a new control library
On the File menu, click New Project, and then select either Silverlight or WPF.
If you create a Silverlight project, click Silverlight Control Library. If you create a WPF project, click WPF Control Library.
In the Name box, type a name for the project.
In the Location box, type the name of or browse to the folder where you want to store the project. By default, this is a folder named "Blend Projects" in your "My Documents" folder.
On the Language menu, select a programming language (Visual C# or Visual Basic).
For more information about creating projects in Expression Blend, see Create a new project.
Now that you have created a new control library, you can create new user controls to include in the library. Create any new user controls that you want for your project.
For more information about creating new user controls, see Create a new user control in your project.
After you have created the user controls that you want to include in your control library, build the project by clicking CTRL+SHIFT+B.
For more information, see Build a project.
Now that you have created and built your control library, you can add a reference to the library from inside your project, and reuse the controls from the library in your new project.
For more information, see Add or remove a reference.


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Vegan Handbag Guide
Apr 10, 2021
How to choose a sustainable and fashionable bag for any occasion
With so much talk of fast fashion in the media and sustainable fashion choices, it's hard to know where to begin. One wardrobe staple you can easily change while embracing conscious consumerism is your handbag.
In this guide we'll explain how to pick the best vegan handbag. Whether you're looking for a new tote, crossbody, bowler, or business bag – we've got you covered!
What does vegan and sustainable fashion mean?
Sustainable fashion considers the way an item is made. What kind of footprint will the production leave? How are consumers likely to interact with it?
It's the opposite of fast or faster-than-fast fashion, which sees consumers buying low-cost fashion, quickly and easily. The impact of rapidly creating clothing is that it becomes throwaway and quickly loses value.
What makes a handbag sustainable?
To be truly sustainable, a handbag or purse should be made from eco-friendly recycled or upcycled materials. But more than that, environmental issues and ethics including fair compensation for workers should be embraced.
Which bag materials are sustainable?
The materials used to make a handbag can increase (or decrease) its sustainability. Using natural, recycled, and upcycled fibres for the outer material and lining can boost the eco-friendliness of a product.
Of course, it would be impossible to talk about this without discussing vegan leather…
Is vegan leather better than real leather?
Vegan leather can be eco-friendly, but it depends on what it's made from. Polyurethane is vegan and arguably better than PVC, but it's made from petroleum (not environmentally friendly).
As a brand, we focus on upcycling materials that offer the same quality as leather, but without the environmental impact.
Animal leather vs artificial leather – what's the difference?
This is a question many people (understandably) ask. The biggest difference is the fact that animal leather is made from animal skin, while artificial leather is made from different materials.
What is vegan leather made from and is it sustainable?
Vegan leather can be made from materials including cork, recycled plastic, and rubber. For instance, recycled truck tyre inner tubes make a great alternative because of the textures, patterns, and durability. Find out more about vegan leather by reading our guide.
Why vegan leather?
If you want to commit to a sustainable lifestyle, vegan leather is one of the easiest swaps you can make. You won't notice the difference in quality or style, but you'll make a positive difference to the environment.
How to choose the best vegan handbag
You might ask, 'how do I choose a handbag for everyday use?', 'how do I choose a handbag: size, colour, style, and more', 'what is the most versatile handbag colour?' - and you're not alone.
Buying a handbag is a big deal, so we're going to answer as many of your questions as possible.
We offer eco-handbag designs to suit all styles. Every woman should own the handbags of their dreams, regardless of whether you want something practical or a cute weekend purse!
Tote bags are great! Our Anna Recycled Rubber Vegan Tote Bag is ideal for everyday use. You can use it every day as your work bag, you can stuff your gym kit in it, or use it for shopping.
anna recycled rubber tote bag
As well as being big, Totes are durable - if you look after your bag, it should last for years. The handmade Anna Recycled Vegan Rubber Tote Bag is made from reclaimed inner bike tubes, find out more here.
If you are hoping to go to lots of events this summer, you may be interested in our Maggie Inner Tube Vegan Bag crossbody.
maggie inner tube paguro vegan handbag
It is lightweight yet practical and ideal for storing your festival essentials. Each compartment features a zip for added security, which means you have peace of mind and can enjoy your favourite band without worrying about losing your valuables. View the full range of colour options here
Our Reina Black Vegan Handbag is a super cute crossbody or one shoulder handbag. Simple yet elegant in design, you can carry everything you need, whether you're out for the night or having brunch with the girls.
reina handbag vegan friendly
It's easy to clean and as every bag is handmade from reclaimed materials, each is unique in design. Find out more about the Reina here
Our version of the Bowler bag offers a twist on the classic as it's made from upcycled seatbelts. The Penyau Upcycled Vegan Seatbelt Bowler Bag is compact in design yet spacious. It features two handles and a detachable crossbody strap adding a touch of elegance to any outfit.
penyau seatbelt bag
It is easy to keep your valuables safe while you are out, as there is an inside pocket. View Paguro's Bowler Bag here.
Alternatively, if you need a smart business bag with eco credentials, our Slimline Inner Tube Padded Vegan Laptop Bag is ideal. It's suitable for a 13 inch laptop or A4 notebook and is padded for extra protection.
paguro vegan laptop handbag
How to care for your faux leather handbag
Cleaning your vegan leather is simple, just empty your bag and use a damp cloth to wipe it. The inner tube material is completely waterproof, so you can use water and dish soap to clean it. Remove any soapy residue before leaving it to air dry.
As for the lining of your bag, you can keep that clean by emptying your bag and wiping with a damp cloth. If it's detachable, you can deep clean it to remove makeup or pen marks.
Either way, make sure your lining dries quickly and thoroughly by leaving it on a radiator.
To maximise the life of your bag – don't hang it! Store it on a shelf! When you hang it, you will distort the handles. If your bag is taller than your shelf, lie it flat to prevent it from being squashed.
General handbag FAQs
How many handbags does the average woman own?
What is a shoulder handbag?
A purse or bag carried with at least one strap attached.
How do you carry a shoulder bag?
The strap should sit comfortably on your shoulder.
What is the difference between a handbag and a shoulder bag?
A handbag has two handles to make it easy to carry, while a shoulder bag has a strap making it hands-free.
What is the difference between a tote and a handbag?
A tote bag does not have pockets, whereas a handbag is smaller and has different compartments.
Is a tote bag a handbag?
Which is better: backpack or shoulder bag?
It depends on your needs. For instance, a backpack is good for weight distribution, whereas a shoulder bag is ideal for quickly retrieving items.
Is it rude to put your purse on the table?
Yes (and unhygienic!)
Do you wear or carry handbags?
You carry them.
How long should a shoulder bag be?
This depends on where you want your bag to sit - close to your arm or near your hip.
What does hobo bag mean?
A hobo bag is crescent shaped with long straps to give it a slouchy look.
What is considered a small handbag?
6-12 inches wide.
What's your favourite handbag?
For a limited time, our handbags are on sale here
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Today most of the apparel industry and manufacturing houses are dependent on labor centric cutting cycle. Manually fabric cutting and sewing make production expensive. Here is the role of automation came in manufacturing houses. Automation in fabric cutting rooms can transform costly labor-intensive production into high-tech production houses.
What is cutting room?
Cutting Room is a section of the department, where fabric cutting is done and processed for the following section (e.g. sewing section) in the garments manufacturing industry
Automation In Cutting Room
Automation in fabric cutting room improves productivity and quality of apparel. It will be helpful to minimize human intervention and prevent manufacturing mistakes in the manufacturing houses soon.
Revolution of Automation in Cutting:
Versatile new inventions have automated cutting room layout in apparel manufacturing houses. In the early 1900s, an automatic spreading was developed, which carries a fabric role over the table had reduced manpower. Then the Die cutters came to increase fabric cutting efficiency and quality.
Later on, numerically controlled machines named NC machines came Infront in the 1940s and 50s. Then advancement of technology invents the computer numerically controlled CNC machines, supported by tools like computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) programs.
Modern Automated Cutting System
Today, most manufacturing houses have similar automated cutting configurations. Straight knives and band knives are used in most manufacturing houses.
A cutting knife device is set up on a flatbed cutting table in a straight knife cutting system. The cutting device can move above the table. But in the Band Cutting machine, the cutting knife has a permanent position. The fabric could be moved and floating by air circulation.
These movements of the cutting machine or fabric let the cutting over the pre-planned area. It's managed precisely by an automated or semi-automated control unit.
Fabric Cutting Configuration
In a modern automated cutting system, single ply or multiple plies of fabric has a different configuration to cut fabric.
Single-ply cutting enhances with continuous processes. It eliminates the requirements of the spreader. Cause, the fabric can be supplied to the cutting area directly from the fabric roll. A conveyorized belt is used for foraging for increased productivity.
When multiple fabric plies are spread to cut, it requires more substantial cutting power—still, most manufacturing houses use this procedure to enhance productivity.
The use of automatic cutting machines has reduced both the number of workers and the time compared to manually operated machines. Besides, accuracy and efficiency can be increased.
Cutting room process flow chart:
Receive Order sheet
Certification of Store-Room
Working Pattern receiving from production section
Marker making on the CAD room
Determine quantity of spreading fabric
Calculate No. of lay per cutting
No of cutting per order
Receiving fabric from store
Start Bulk Automated Cutting
Sorting & Bundling
Send to sewing Section
Automation In Fabric Cutting Room is the Necessity in Near Future for Manufacturing Houses
Till now, Fabric cutting is accustomed to being done manually. But currently, an automated fabric cutting machine is being employed. Therefore, it is easy to cut the fabric additional preciously than before.
In automatic fabric cutting, the working pattern is saved directly in the computer even while not creating marker paper. According to computer instruction, the automated cutting machine automatically and accurately cuts multiple plies of fabric concisely.
Today's modern cutting systems are equipped with a vacuum system. It enhances cutting accuracy during the cutting process. Modern Cutting Room Equipment helps to cut fabric accurately and reduce maximum fabric wastage.
Apparel manufacturing houses can use various cutting technologies in the modern cutting room, such as computer-controlled cutting, lasers cutting, water jets, plasma, even ultrasound. These cutting machines are adopted by contemporary manufacturing houses to be suitable for multi-ply cutting fabric.
Why Automation in Fabric Cutting Room is Essential?
Apparel manufacturers houses face versatile challenges in this pandemic, such as labor shortage, shortening lead product times and shrinking margins, and so on. Modern technology in the cutting room will provide a competitive advantage over manual ones.
Time to production is the most crucial factor now. And apparel manufacturers have realized that the more the human resources involved in the chain, the more are the chances of errors and delays. An increasing number of manufacturing houses recognize that automation cutting technology can overcome serious challenges.
Benefits of Automated Cutting Room:
- Reduce 50% material costs.
- Increase productivity and fabric cutting ratio.
- Reduce workforce and eliminate the need for skilled cutters.
- Accelerate the productive sewing process.
- Helps to utilize Maximum valuable floor space.
- Advanced Integrated data sharing saves time and money.
- Easy to Analyze and improve the cutting process with automatic metrics.
There is no alternative modern solution other than an automatic cutting system. With these automatic cutters, cutting is smoother effective and provides the manufacturer with the best option suited to their need.
The Future of Automation in Manufacturing Houses
Fabric is always soft and challenging to handle and manipulate. It requires complex motions to adjustments. Therefore, full automation in cutting has never been genuinely possible.
But it can be improved by using AI, cameras, sensors, mapping technology, and software-driven algorithms; sewbots can adjust or stop as required. Technological advancements and automation are drastically transforming how apparel is produced. Automation in the Fabric cutting room is the desired necessity for every manufacturing house to get enough productivity and efficiency in the near future.
If you have any questions about What is the function of the cutting room? Ask on the comment section we will try to come with up a new blog about it.


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Specifies a light source. The number of possible lights depends on the implementation, but at least eight lights are supported. They are identified by symbolic names of the form GL_LIGHT where ranges from 0 to the value of GL_MAX_LIGHTS - 1.
Specifies a light source parameter for light. Accepted symbolic names are GL_AMBIENT, GL_DIFFUSE, GL_SPECULAR, GL_POSITION, GL_SPOT_DIRECTION, GL_SPOT_EXPONENT, GL_SPOT_CUTOFF, GL_CONSTANT_ATTENUATION, GL_LINEAR_ATTENUATION, and GL_QUADRATIC_ATTENUATION.
Returns the requested data.
Sample Code References
The following code samples have been found which appear to reference the functions described here. Take care that the code may be old, broken or not even use PyOpenGL.
OpenGLContext tests/glgetlight.py Lines: 14


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Q: Some of my Gardenia bushes have yellow leaves. Is this an iron deficiency? What do you recommend?
A: It is common in spring to see yellow leaves on gardenia, holly and Southern magnolia. The phenomenon is caused by the plant moving food resources out to new growth on the branch tips, leaving interior leaves to survive as best they can.
The weakened yellow leaves may get spots from fungi taking advantage of them but the disease rarely moves to other parts of the plant.
If the yellow leaves are several inches back from the branch tips, and if the tip leaves are green, your plant is reacting normally. It will look fine in a few weeks. Spraying with fungicide or fertilizing will not help the situation, it's just a part of the lifecycle of the plant.


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Penguin & Polar Bear Pull-Along
Snowflake-themed wheels are ready to carry the stackable wooden pieces of these adorable arctic animals. Your toddler will want to pull these from the North Pole to the South Pole and back!
Extension Activities: More Ways to Play and Learn:
- Ask the child to identify the colors on the
Ask the child to first count the number of
wheels on the toy, then count the number
Ask the child to name the animals and make
up a story about them. Where are they
going? What will they do when they arrive?
Set up a simple obstacle course and ask the
child to pull the toy around the course,
keeping the animals upright.
Dimensions: 4.5" x 8" x 3" Assembled
Ages: 2+ years


Decision : CONF 202 21B.23
Serengeti National Park (United Republic of Tanzania)
The World Heritage Committee,
Urges the States Parties of the United Republic of Tanzania and Kenya to initiate a dialogue on the transboundary effects on the Serengeti World Heritage site from changes in the upstream catchment, and to request that IUCN, through its Regional Office for Eastern Africa, support the process leading to this dialogue.
 Original Decision Document
Context of Decision
Themes: Conservation
Focal Point: AFR
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2002
Decision Code: CONF 202 21B.23


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As part of the Zoo's plan to continually improve their animal habitats and enhance the visitor experience, this revitalisation project will provide people with the opportunity to learn more about our wildlife, the threats Australian species face and be inspired to conserve the environment.
The Taronga Wildlife Retreat will provide a new overnight conservation experience for visitors which will wrap around a native wildlife sanctuary and nestle within the new Australia Habitat.
Key features of the Wildlife Retreat include:
- 62 rooms across 5 accommodation buildings (pods) nestled into the landscape, ranging between two and four storeys in height and connected by elevated walkways;
- A standalone guest lodge with an external deck overlooking the wildlife sanctuary; and
- A new kitchen and dining room adjacent to the existing Taronga Function Centre.
Key features of the new Native Australian Wildlife exhibit include:
- Kangaroo and Platypus exhibits and a walk through aviary;
- A walk through 'sanctuary exhibit' containing native Australian wildlife; and
- A new exhibit pedestrian pathway and public viewing platform.
Additional Information: _URL_
Taronga Conservation Society Australia


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This document has the following sections:
What is an Indexer?
Goal of an indexer
The main goal of an indexer is to create and setup some resource
automatically. The resources can be created depending on their
name or their extension. Once the resource has been created, the
indexer is also in charge of attaching the right frames to this
resource, like the HTTP frame, the filters and so on.
DirectoryResource (and subclasses) is associated to an indexer,
if no indexer is specified the DirectoryResource is associated
to the "default" indexer.
Description of an indexer
- Class and attributes of an indexer
- Usually, the indexer's class is
- The name of the indexer, ex: "icons"
- Last Modified
- Unused, but resent as, internally, it is a resource.
- Super Indexer
- The name of the parent indexer used when the current indexer
fails to index. By default, the super indexer is the "default"
- The sons of an indexer
- Used to index files matching exactly a name, mainly used to
index directories. You can specify that an "Icons" directory
will always be negotiable, for example. The default name (ie:
matching all directory names) is "*default*"
- Used to index files with a specific extension. For example,
"html" is a FileResource with an HTTPFrame set to give the
"text/html" content type to this file. Then all the "foo.html"
files will be indexed as "text/html" type object when accessed
by HTTP. The default extension (ie: matching all the extension
names) is "*default*". To index files with no extensions, you
must use the name "*noextension*".
- content-types (only for the Content Type Indexer)
- In some cases the file extension is not the only criteria,
for example when a PUT request occurs the indexer should use
the Content-Type header coming with the request (if there is
a content-type header). This is the job of the Content Type
Indexer. The Content Type Indexer
(org.w3c.jigsaw.indexer.ContentTypeIndexer), has one more
child, the content-types node. The associations between mime
types and resources are stored in this new child.
Since 2.0.2 the ContentTypeIndexer accept generic mime
types like text:*, *:xml or even
*:*. For example, if you define text:* as a
FileResource using a HTTPFrame (with a content-type set to
*none*) all content types like text/html, text/plain,
text/xml will be accepted.
Note: The mime types stored in the indexer are not
"real" mime types, the '/' has been replaced by a ':'. We
decided that because the '/' can create some conflicts with
the URLs in Jigsaw.
You can find a sample indexer configuration in this page.
Indexers in JigAdmin
The Indexers Space is exactly the same thing than the Documents Space except that
indexers classes are available in the "Available Resources"
window. You are still able to add, delete, configure resources
and frames but only in the indexers nodes (directories,
extensions and sometimes content-types). Of
course, you can also create new indexers (under the


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The Secondary objective of the dust collection bags is to check pollution for example air pollution and water pollution. In all the stages of cement production, dust collector filter bags are proved to be the best because of its high-efficiency and flow rate etc. Use of this style of dust collector filer bags also provide a degree of protection from the unknown and indirect-able changes that sometimes occur during bag house operations. It is mostly implemented filter plates in coal boilers of thermal power stations. Dust collector sends the air into the dust collection filter bags.
For instance flour mill, pharmaceutical factories food processing etc, where the dust and other unsafe things can not be allowed to exhaust in open environment. This product delivers chemical resistance identical to poly propylene while allowing operation up to 250 degree Fahrenheit (equivalent to 121 c).Benefits of Dust Collector Filter Bags-1-Its maintenance cost is low.B- Antistatic NeedlePunched Filter Cloth-MS Anti static needle punched filter cloth easily results in the explosion and conflagration after the consistency of common commercial power and dust reaches certain degree.It is implemented in metal processing.It is employed in chemical processing. These pleated dust collection bags are extensively utilized for contamination control. To hold fine particles of dust the filter medium of bag must be anti static. These are made from glass fiber, acrylic, polyester, polypropylene, PTFE, P84 and nomex etc. In the cement industry the medium particle size of the cement dust ranges from 8 to 12 microns.Its feature is a great combination of filtration efficiency and dust layer release. Dust collection filter bags are utilized here to collect harmful and dust elements. These pleated dust collection bags are very efficient and provide long-lasting excellent functionality.2-Practical efficiency of Dust Collector Filter Bags are incredibly high.
Forms of Dust collector filter bags-A- Acrylic homopolymer needle punched filter felt-MS Acrylic homopolymer needle punched filter felt are available in woven or felt form.4-It is effective and not affected by Gas-dust compositionDust collector filter bags perform a significant role in such production plants who also make dust and different unsafe chemical crystals with their consumer items.3-It recovers heat very efficiently. Plant of these forms use dust collector filter bags to collect dust and other unsafe components.These are essentially necessary where the dust is produced throughout processing materials.It provides good chemical resistance to acid and alkalis.Its other features are anti abrasion, mostly applied in pitch mix gas, blast furnace gas of steel factory, tail gas of while char, kiln application and electrical cooker high temperature gas.D- P84 Needle Punched Filer Felt-MS p84 needle punched felt is a high temperature -proof filter material good chemical repellent, good air permeability and high filtration performance.C- Nomex Filter Felt-The characteristic of MS nomex filer needle felt is high temperature (between 204 ~ 240 degree), anti acid, anti alkali, high filtration precision, low pressure drop and anti break. This kind of dust collector filter bags filters several contaminants from the water and oil.
Using this type of dust collector filter bags engineers can reduce capital and operational costs. Dust collector filter bags may work efficiently during working in various temperatures, which may vary in accordance to the process of production dry or wet in production plants in the range of 150 degree Fahrenheit to 250 degree Fahrenheit. These manufacturing plants are like cement, thermal power station, fertilizers, steel pants, aluminum, zinc, lead, asbestos and chemical plants etc. They are highly versatile and efficient in dust collection.Dust Collector Filter Bags are most important element of a filtration system. There are a variety of manufacturing techniques to manufacture suitable dust collector filter bags to fulfill all the requirements of a dust collector depending up on the system of cleaning such as pulse & reverse jet and auto mechanism cleaning. The expanded PTFE Membrane permits more air to pass through the filter media while trapping particles on the surface. Dust collection filter bags are also utilized in metallurgy, fertilizers and chemical companies.G- Filter Bags with PTFE Membrane Laminating-These dust collection filer bags are implemented in all the dust collector applications.
When the dust collector sucks the air, air carries these crystals inside the dust collector.Other types dust collector filter bags are ---1-Glass fiber Needle Punched Filter Felt2-Poly-P-Phenylene Sulfide (PPS) NeedlePunched Filter Felt3-PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) Needle Punched Filter Felt. It is touching the static electricity light and sparks outside such as flour powder, coal powder and chemical crystals.E- Polyester (PET) Needle Punched Filter Felt-MS Polyester needle punched filter felt deliver a cost-effective answer for a number of industrial operations. Here dust collector filter bags are responsible to hold sucked substances and allow the air to pass.It is used in mineral processing.F- Water and Oil Resistant Filter Cloth-After oil and water treatment various filter fabrics can form a layer of substances barrier around the fiber surface


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|Usage and history|
Survival capsules were emergency escape devices for ships that either were not equipped with standard escape pods or for last second ejection from a ship.
Survival capsules were large enough to encompass a single occupant and the chair the capsule was attached to. They were made of a tough, yet flexible, material that allowed them to fall from great heights and come to a bouncing landing all while maintaining their structural integrity and protecting the occupant. They were yellow in color with "CAUTION - Explosive Extrusion" written in red on the sides. Once the capsules safely came to rest on a solid surface, the sides of the capsule would burst open to allow the passenger to exit the pod.
During the Clone Wars, Anakin Skywalker, Obi-Wan Kenobi and Ahsoka Tano to the Felucia system to investigate the lack of communication from the Republic medical center stationed there. When they arrived at Felucia, they were attacked by Vulture droids who succeeded in damaging the Jedi's unarmed T-6 shuttle, forcing it to crash on the planet's surface. Just before the shuttle slammed into a rocky outcropping, they ejected, deploying their survival capsules and bouncing down the huge foliage that covered the surface of the planet. All three Jedi's capsules came to rest relatively close to each other and the three safely exited the pods.
- (First identified as Survival capsule)


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Occupational Safety and Health (Display Screen
This is a subsidiary regulation under the
Occupational Safety & Health Ordinance (OSHO) enacted on 24 April 2002 under the Occupational Safety and
Health Ordinance. There will be a one-year grace period
before this Regulation becomes fully effective (April 2003).
[Full Content of the
How will the University
be affected by this Regulation?
This Regulation is applicable to
the University's operations as it is enacted under the OSHO. The Regulation aims at
protecting the safety and health of employees who use display screen equipment
at work for prolonged periods of time almost every day.
"display screen equipment (DSE)" refers to any display screen which
shows letters, numbers, characters or graphics, regardless of the display
process involved. The most common type of DSE that can be found in the office
and laboratory environments is the personal computer.
to the Code of Practice published under the Regulation, the definition of "prolonged periods of time" means:
- Operation of display screen equipment continuously for at least 4 hours
during a day or cumulatively for at least 6 hours during a day; almost every
- Breaks not exceeding 10 minutes in an hour away from the display screen
equipment shall not be regarded as breaking the continuity of use of the display
Summary of Requirements
If any employee is required to work with a display
screen equipment (e.g. a computer) at a workstation for "prolonged periods of
time" almost every day, the person responsible for the workplace (office,
laboratory, workshop etc.) is required to:
||Ensure that the workstation is suitable having
regard to the safety, and health of the employee.
[Guidelines for setting up
and working at a
proper computer workstation]
||Perform a risk assessment of the workstation
in the workplace place before the workstation is first use by the
[Guidelines and checklist for
performing Risk Assessment]
||Take steps to reduce any risks identified in
the risk assessment.
||Make available to the employee a copy of the
relevant record documents, including:
the findings of the risk assessment; and
any action taken after the assessment.
||Ensure that the employee is provided with
necessary safety and health training in the use of the workstation.
do to comply with the Regulation?
published by Labour Department]


spellcasters are slow, figure out how cards could speed up spell use.
 - Initiative cards Many GMs swear by these: Initiative Cards from The Game Mechanics
 Rules Do you tend to look up the same rules all the time? Do one or more PCs trigger the same rules frequently, causing pauses while charts and books are referenced? Do you wish you could be more creative or tactical with the options your game's rules present, but don't have the time or inclination to memorize a lot of new rules?
 Create rules cards. Put one rule or rule sub-set on a card. Keep them handy for fast reference in-game. For example, in D&D you might craft cards for: - Grappling - Bull rush - Trip - Drowning - Nauseated, Fatigued, Exhausted
 Create copies of cards to hand to multiple players. Have idle players create reference cards for you (as long as their handwriting is legible).
 Create cards that can be placed in front of players to indicate modifiers or current states. For example, you might create a set of Fatigued rules D&D cards. If a PC is fatigued, you hand them a card, which summarizes the rules on one side, and displays on the other side, in giant red letters, -2 STRENGTH / -2 DEXTERITY. Players keep the -2 side up unless they need to glance at the rules.
 - Fluff Cards with flavour text are awesome as reference and player handouts. Imagine having key NPCs described and pictured on cards the players can read during encounters or sessions later as reference.
 Same goes with game world information. Rather than fielding the same questions over and over, create reference cards so players can get the information fast without interrupting. For example, create a calendar card with day and month names, or craft a money card with all the currencies and exchange rates listed.
 Information such as kingdom and race profiles are served well by card format too. Whenever places and people enter the campaign, hand out the cards for players to read and study when they're not involved in play.
 If you craft enough fluff cards, consider giving the players their own card box to file cards in. You might have your own box full of GM-only info, and the players have theirs. If you game in the same world often, you can just hand the players a box of reference cards.
 - Monopoly property cards For inspiration, check out the property cards from the Monopoly game. Look at all the info jammed onto them, front and back. They are colour coded, contain icons, have a chart, and contain game rule information. Very well designed. What design could you craft for cards that would benefit your GMing, players, and game sessions?
 Your design could be a template. Then you could print out blank cards and fill them out in-game to track info effortlessly. For example, you could craft an NPC template and give the players a stack of blank cards. As the PCs meet NPCs, players can fill out cards as part of a PC reference system. Such cards would be more useful and dynamic than static player game logs.
 - Spells and effects Andre has a great tip at ENWorld:
 - As for feats, I'm seriously considering printing cards for feats, abilities, and spells that have temporary effects. My group plays at a table, so if, for example, bless is cast, the caster could just place the card on the table. Ditto if the barbarian rages, or the bard sings. I think it would make it much easier to remember all the various stuff going on." En World Forum: Homemade item cards?: Andre
 - Tracking information VV_GM over at Treasure Tables has a good tip:
 "I try to limit my notes nowadays. After one of my posts here one day I realized that I was keeping track of too much stuff. Now I try to focus on developing a strong plot before the game that entices the players to roleplay. I write the minimal details of the scenes on a card, and then add notes to that particular card during play. The cards are all indexed by a number/letter in the upper left corner. This way I'm not thinking in terms of 'I should make a note of every NPC the players meet,' but instead I'm focused on making a note of what is unique to that scene in particular." Treasure Tables Forum: DM aid sheets: VV_GM
 - Spells and buffs Do the PCs use a standard array of spell defenses, senses, and buffs when preparing for combat? You can note this on a card and use it for reference to save a lot of game time. Create cards for various common situations, such as undead, single tough opponent, Evil sub-types, and so on.
 Add checkboxes to spells and temporary effects, if you like, and check things off as each round passes for quick and easy duration tracking. If you make a card template for this on your computer, you can print out a bunch for disposable use. Alternatively, depending on the size of the cards, you can put them in card sleeves, badge holders, or luggage tags and use wet/dry erase markers so the cards are reusable. You could also laminate cards for re-use.
 - Combat, modifiers, and situations In a campaign I'm playing in, my PC has three typical attack options, plus a couple of standard modifiers if the lazy cleric is in a buffing mood. I have gridded these out on paper so I don't have to do any calculating each time I roll the dice. However, a card-based system would be even better. I just select the card relevant to the current scenario and place it in front of me.
 For example: - Power attack +3, Blessed, two-handed - Power attack +3, Blessed - Power attack +3, two-handed - Trip - Disarm
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4. General Card Tips
 - Here's a neat tip for storing and protecting your cards from SiderisAnon at ENWorld:
 "For actual use of the cards, I bought a bunch of cheap sleeves at Wal-Mart for baseball cards. The player puts them in their character folder (cheap school folders with the three prongs). We were already keeping character sheets in clear sleeves in those folders, so people could mark on them with the wet erase markers." En World Forum: Homemade item cards?: SiderisAnon
 - Colour coding Buy multi-coloured index cards, cardboard, or paper for printing on. Assign each colour to a category for whatever system you are using.
 - Storing cards on a ring Scott M at Treasure Tables has this tip:
 "When I'm DMing WoD games, I condense NPCs to a 3x5 card shorthand (two sided if they're complex), punch a hole on the upper left corner, and put it on a ring." Treasure Tables Forum: DM aid sheets: Scott M
 - Paper clip tacking Frank's paper clip tip at Treasure Tables is cool:
 "If your game system has spells or other conditions that are confusing to remember everything about, put that information on a card. You could even use a piece of writeable tape to make a reinforced place for people to mark what turn the effect ends for them (for spells). Or print a row of numbers on the bottom and use a paper clip to indicate the turn." Treasure Tables Forum: Index Cards: Frank
 - Checkbox tracking Frank has another good tip:
 " On index cards for magic items: I made an array of checkboxes on cards for wands so that it was easy to keep track of the charges by just crossing off boxes." Treasure Tables Forum: Frank
 - Avery label templates Avery makes cards and stickers in sheets for easy computer printing. Pick a size and start your own card system:
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D&D Scourge of the Howling Horde
Scourge of the Howling Horde is a stand-alone adventure designed for a group of 1st level characters. Perfect for new players or seasoned players, it features an easy-to-use encounter format and includes useful DM advice for beginning and experienced Dungeon Masters.
D&D Scourge of the Howling Horde at RPG Shop
Readers' Tips Of The Week:
1. Cosmetic Containers For Counters Storage
From: Kate Manchester
Caboodles or train cases are great for storing counters. There's another by Lori Greiner that is fairly large that might possibly work too (though they're a little pricey). Also, the plastic boxes used for soap, or plastic lunch boxes (if you have smaller containers) work.
Portable Cosmetic Make-up Organizer
Return to Contents
2. Don't Forget The Outside Of Your GM Screen
From: Joel Tolson
While GM screens can be useful for hiding die rolls and notes, or storing notes for easy access, commercial (and many make-shift) GM screens forget that the outside is nearly as important as the inside. I have made my own screen out of two thin, clear sheets of plastic sandwiched together. This allows me to slide my notes inside, facing me, and to also slide in some scenery facing out. If my players are near a waterfall, I will slide in a picture of a waterfall; if there are mountains in the distance, I'll slide in a picture of some mountains. Pictures themselves are easy to find all over the Internet. I tend to keep an eye out for new pictures to use all the time and have a rather extensive library to choose from whenever I need a random backdrop.
Making my own GM screen also means it isn't as high as commercial ones, so that I am not as separated from my players as I might otherwise be.
Hope this is useful, and good


Diogène et son tonneau by Gedeon Baril
Diogène et son tonneau (La Lune 106, January 1870)
Gédéon Baril was a 19th century French painter, writer and cartoonist from the Picardy area. He was a pupil of the Parisian painter Léon Cogniet. Baril, who often signed with his first name, was a contributor to magazines like Le Hanneton and Le Soleil, and was one of the co-founders of La Lune in 1865. He was drafted during the Franco-Prusian War, during which he made a series of drawings called 'Nos vainqueurs' ('Our Victors'). He also worked for the Chés Cabotans marionette shows from his hometown Amiens, and illustrated the book 'Dix heures en chasse' by his friend Jules Verne.
Le Bain de Madame Pipelet by Gedeon
Le Bain de Madame Pipelet (La Lune)
Image source: University Library Heidelberg
Last updated: 2013-06-11
Series and books by Gédéon Baril in stock in the Lambiek Webshop:


text:
The webcam is located at in the inland in a height of 30 m NHN. The ground is visible for a clear identification of precipitation. The Sky is clearly visible to see clouds and weather.
Sunrise: UTC 03:53 CEST 05:53
Sunset: UTC 18:39 CEST 20:39
How is the current weather near webcam? You see 10 notes about surrounding webcams:
Please be as precise as possible about what is wrong:


's Scheduling feature gives you the ability to schedule Episodes in advance. Once you've planned a time, sends out automated invitations to everyone you want to invite. As the start time approaches - 15 minutes before your Episode is due to start - sends out a round of reminders to you and your participants, so no one will miss a beat.
The Scheduling feature is easy to use. From the 'Shows' page click on the orange 'Create' button or the 'Shows' icon. A list of your shows will appear. Simply click the name of the show you want to schedule an episode for. Click the 'New Episode' button and select 'Schedule' from the drop sown menu that appears.
Pick a Date/Time and Title:
1. Enter an episode Title. You can remove the episode number if you want.
2. Pick a date and time for your episode.
*The time is listed for your time zone based upon your computer's time zone settings.
Note: To start an episode immediately, leave the current date and time that is listed already.
3. Choose an estimated length of your episode. Note that the actual episode can be shorter or longer than this. The maximum length of an episode is 12 hours.
4. Type in a 'Description' of your episode.
5. Optionally click the 'Timezones' button to select a time zone for others you want to invite to your episode who live in other locations. For example, if you have a friend that lives in Manchester, UK that you want to invite to your show, you can add that person's time zone to the invite so they know when your show is in their time zone. Click the "Save" button when finished.
6. When finished entering in your episode information, click the "Next" button.
Invite People (optional):
The next page will allow you to select the Contacts you would like to send invitations to. Note that it is not necessary for someone to receive an email invite in order for them to take part in your episode.
You can type or paste an email address in the field at the top or if you already have contacts in your address book, click the 'Add' button next to those you wish to send invitations to. You can also remove participants by clicking on 'Remove' next to the relevant contact.
Choose Dial-In Numbers:
Clicking on "Next" will bring you to a page where you can choose to add additional dial-in numbers to your invitation. This is useful if you have callers in other countries. Just scroll through the list to find the number you need or type a location in the search field at the top. If you don't need to add more numbers, just click on "next".
Summary & Schedule:
The final page will show a summary of your call details and preferences. If you want to change anything, just click on "Back". Once you are happy that everything is correct, simply click on "Schedule".
A confirmation page will appear with links to add the call to your calendar. You can close this window and then return to your account homepage. A confirmation mail will be sent to you, and your participants will receive their invitation emails with the call-in details and dial-in numbers.


Gigantum Documentation
You'll find comprehensive guides and documentation to help you start working with the Gigantum platform as quickly as possible. If you get stuck, then there is help for that too. Just reach out to the team or get help from the community using our our Spectrum channel.
Get Started Changelog
Creating Your First Gigantum Project
If this is your first time working in Gigantum, you should read this whole page.
Create a Project
Gigantum starts in the Projects listing page.
 1. To create a new Project, click on the Add Project card
 - Enter a title of lowercase alphanumeric strings, including hyphens. No spaces or capitals!
 - Put in a description. This is a short record of why you made the Project.
Create your first Project by choosing a title and description.
 1. Next pick a base for your Project.
A base is a pre-built Docker image that includes the operating system, development tools (e.g. Jupyter or RStudio), and optionally a preconfigured set of packages. It is the starting point for your work environment.
 - For this simple walk-through, click the python3 tab and choose the Select button on the Python3 Minimal card. The Python3 Minimal base has no pre-installed packages so it should download faster.
 - Click Create Project to create the new Project.
Another available base is Python3 Data Science Quick-Start which has a pre-installed set of data science packages like numpy, scipy, scikit-learn and matplotlib. This will take longer to download.
Once creation of the Project is complete, the app takes you to the Project Overview. The Overview is a quick look at the Project and includes things like recent Activity, a summary of the Environment configuration, and Favorite files.
At the top right of the Project Overview is the container status widget that also lets you run or stop the Project.
 1. Start JupyterLab.
 - In the upper right corner is a status widget for the Project state. It is both a state indicator (e.g. stopped, building, running) and a button to change states.
 - For a new Project, the initial status is Stopped.
 - Mouse over the button and click on Run to start the Project. The status will transition to Starting, and then to Running.
 - Click on the Launch: jupyterlab button to open JupyterLab in a new browser tab. Just make sure the popup doesn't get blocked!
You now have two open browser tabs, one with Gigantum and one with JupyterLab.
Use the Project Run Widget to control the Project state.
Print Hello, World!
JupyterLab is now running! Let's start with the basics.
When JupyterLab is first opened you will be dropped into the code directory. This is where your Jupyter notebooks should be stored. If you click on the home button, you will see the code directory as well as two other directories, input and output. The input directory should be where all of your input data is placed. The output data is where you should put your programs output.
If you don't like working with relative paths, the absolute path to these directories is always available when working in a Project from the environment variables LB_CODE, LB_INPUT, and LB_OUTPUT.
Use these directories to help you, collaborators, and the world know where to look for your stuff when opening your Project.
 1. Create a notebook by clicking Python3 in the Notebook section of the Launcher pane.
 2. Enter print("hello world!") in the first cell and run it.
 3. Switch back to your browser tab that has Gigantum running
 4. Go to the Activity Feed
Save your work!
Gigantum tracks everything you do and keeps a record of every execution, but you still have to save your work to write to disk. Make sure to use the JupyterLab interface to save changes to your notebooks as you normally would.
Congrats! You just created your first activity entry in Gigantum.
Environment Changes
We know that printing "hello world!" is pretty exciting, but you will typically need additional packages installed to do your work. Luckily, in Gigantum you can change the environment with package managers like pip, conda, and apt.
Let's add the latest versions of numpy and matplotlib as a demonstration:
 1. Go to the Project in your browser.
 2. Use the status widget to Stop your Project.
 3. Navigate to the Project "Environment" section.
 4. Click on the pip tab and then expand the "Add Packages" Section.
 5. Enter the packages to install (e.g. numpy, matplotlib).
 6. Click Install Selected Packages.
 7. Wait for the Project state to go from "Building" to "Stopped".
 8. Start the Project with the status widget and open up JupyterLab again.
Use "Add Packages" section to add numpy and matplotlib
There are a few things to keep in mind when adding packages with Gigantum.
 - You must Stop the Project before changing packages!
 - You can specify a specific version of the package or leave it blank. If the version is omitted, the latest version of the package will be installed.
 - Gigantum always "pins" versions when possible to help provide reproducibility, but
 note that apt managed packages currently are not pinned.
 - conda can take a long time to return from queries and install commands, so be patient when using it.
Finally, you can also install things via a "Custom Docker snippet" for things that aren't available in package managers. Simply enter valid dockerfile instructions and Gigantum will include them in the build process. Currently only RUN, ENV and comments are supported.
Containers (for the curious)
A Project is a repository of code, data, and environment configuration, all enhanced with a searchable activity feed. The development tools are launched in a Docker container built from a stored environment configuration, and Gigantum makes Project managed data available to the container.
You can't change the environment configuration of a Running Project. To reconfigure the environment or available tools, you must first Stop the Project. This is because the Docker container is rebuilt upon adding or removing packages, and this can't be done when the container is running.
All other Gigantum features work at all times. For example, you can add and remove data from Running or Stopped Projects.
The Activity Feed
When you Run a Project and work in JupyterLab, Gigantum tracks your activity and builds a rich, searchable history based on the Jupyter notebooks you use. Everything is in the Activity Feed, which you can find by clicking on the Activity tab in the Project Overview.
Let's add some code to a Jupyter notebook to see the Activity Feed in action. We can also verify that the environment changes we just made worked.
Run your Project and open Jupyter as before. The snippet below is a simplified version of a matplotlib demo.
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.colors import BoundaryNorm
from matplotlib.ticker import MaxNLocator
import numpy as np
# generate data
dx, dy = 0.05, 0.05
y, x = np.mgrid[slice(1, 5 + dy, dy), slice(1, 5 + dx, dx)]
z = z[:-1, :-1]
levels = MaxNLocator(nbins=15).tick_values(z.min(), z.max())
# set colormap and normalize
cmap = plt.get_cmap('PiYG')
norm = BoundaryNorm(levels, ncolors=cmap.N, clip=True)
fig, (ax0) = plt.subplots(nrows=1)
# configure contours and output
cf = ax0.contourf(x[:-1, :-1] + dx/2.,
 y[:-1, :-1] + dy/2., z, levels=levels,
fig.colorbar(cf, ax=ax0)
ax0.set_title('contourf with levels')
Paste it into a cell in your Jupyter Notebook, click save, and execute the cell
The executed example code in a Jupyter notebook
Once the cell has successfully executed, Gigantum will automatically extract useful information (e.g. the file that has changed, code executed, and figure created) and create a new version of your Project.
If you navigate back to the browser tab running Gigantum and select the Activity tab, you'll see a new Activity Record summarizing what was done. Here, Gigantum has captured the output, linked with the code and environment that generated it.
Example Activity Record
Each record in the activity feed is a version that can be reproduced, modified, or shared. A user can go back to any point in time to recreate their previous work and use previous results as a starting point for new data explorations!
When you are done working on your Project, click "Stop" to shut off the container and clean up resources.
Safest to Stop!
You only need to stop the Gigantum Client if you are shutting your computer down or no longer want to use the client. Putting your computer to sleep won't interfere with Gigantum, although there have been some issues reported with Docker for Windows when entering sleep mode!
Updated about a year ago
Creating Your First Gigantum Project
Suggested Edits are limited on API Reference Pages


text:
Locus of control, pupil control ideology, occupational stress, and teachers' attitudes toward inclusive education
The educational research literature suggests that teachers experiencing chronic occupational stress develop feelings of powerlessness, express cynical attitudes, and demonstrate resistance to change and innovation. Furthermore, the degree of stress experienced by teachers has been correlated with their locus of control and pupil control orientations. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to examine the differential effects of the predictor variables of teachers' locus of control, pupil control ideology, and perceived occupational stress on the criterion variable of attitudes toward inclusive education.^ General education teachers (N = 117) from a suburban school district in New York volunteered to participate in the study. The teachers anonymously completed the following questionnaires: (a) Attitudes Toward Inclusive Education Scale, (b) Pupil Control Ideology Form, (c) Teacher Locus of Control Scale, (d) Teacher Stress Inventory, and (e) demographic fact sheet.^ Inferential statistical analyses (i.e., t tests, analyses of variance, and Pearson product-moment correlations) were computed on the teacher characteristics and the variables under investigation. Differences were observed between teachers' age levels and perceived occupational stress, as well as between teachers' locus of control and grade level taught. Furthermore, considerable interrelatedness was found among all the research variables.^ Path analyses were conducted to estimate causation from the correlational data obtained from the total sample. Significant direct relationships were found between (a) pupil control ideology and occupational stress and (b) occupational stress and attitudes toward inclusive education. Alternative path models provided more parsimonious fits to the sample data, wherein pupil control ideology and locus of control accounted for most of the variance in attitudes toward inclusive education. These models suggested that teachers' control beliefs (i.e., locus of control and pupil control ideology), independent of occupational stress, significantly affected attitude formation. ^
Education, Educational Psychology|Psychology, Industrial|Education, Curriculum and Instruction
Jean Anne Agoglia,
"Locus of control, pupil control ideology, occupational stress, and teachers' attitudes toward inclusive education"
(January 1, 1997).
ETD Collection for Fordham University.


text:
December 13, 1991
L86 Dimmer Modules BTU Dissipation
Heat dissipation in ETC dimmer racks is relatively simple to calculate. Use the following table to calculate either watts per dimmer or BTUs per dimmer, them multiply that number by the number of dimmers in the rack. Note that the watt and BTU figures shown below apply to single dimmer, not dimmer modules. (A module contains more than one dimmer)
We suggest you set air conditioning levels to maintain the temperature in the dimer room at 68 degrees or less. ETC dimmers are designed to operate safely in environments with ambient temperatures of up to 104 degrees but, as with all electronics, keeping things cooler will help improve the service of the equipment.