Double A-Frame Monkey Bridge
—> View Video of Bridge Construction
Adjusting knots and lashings after the first test crossing.
The well-known, time-tested, traditional Monkey Bridge is perhaps the most familiar of all Scout pioneering projects. It's frequently featured at Scout Expos, Camporees, Scout Camps, and is often a central attraction at public gatherings where Scouting is represented.
The following instructions and guidelines are provided by Adolph Peschke, taken from the 1993 edition of the Pioneering Merit Badge Pamphlet:
Link to: Older Pamphlet InfoUsing a double A-frame to build a monkey bridge is a departure from the usual X-frame that supports the foot rope and hand ropes. This new method has two distinct advantages over the X- frame version. First, the double A-frame provides a wider base making it less likely to tip over. The second advantage is that the positions of the A-frames can be adjusted so the span between the hand ropes can be narrowed for better balance as you make the crossing.
Building the A-frames. The first step in building the monkey bridge is to build four A-frames using the 8-foot spars for the two legs, and 6-foot spars for the ledger. Lay out the first set of three spars (two legs and one ledger) on the ground in position for lashing. Before lashing, drive three stakes, as follows, to help you make all four A-frames the same size: Drive a stake at the top to mark where the leg spars cross. Then drive stakes to mark the positions of where the bottom ledger crosses the legs. This will also indicate how far the legs are spread apart. Now you can lash the four A-frames together, laying them out one at a time using the stakes. Remember that all three lashings on the A-frames are square lashings, even though the spars cross at less than 90˚ angle.
Schematic of A-frame alignment
Double A-frame. When you have four A-frames, you can lash two of them together to form a double A-frame. (see figure 140). Lay one A-frame on the ground and then put another on top of it so that the bottom ledgers overlap one-half their length (approximately 3 feet). The first step in lashing the A-frames together is to go up where the two legs cross (the X formed by one leg from each A-frame). Then with a good tight square lashing, lash the two legs together.
Note: The point where these two legs are lashed together is where the foot rope will rest. You can adjust the overlap of the two A-frames to adjust how high the foot rope will be off the ground. Also note where the tops of the A-frames are, because this is where the hand ropes will be. To complete the double A-frame, stand it up so the butt ends of all four legs rest solidly on level ground. Lash the two bottom ledgers together where they overlap with three strop lashings. Now repeat the entire process to build the second double A-frame.
Laying out the distance between A-frames and anchors
Site preparation. Before you can erect the double A-frames, you need to prepare the site. Begin by stretching a length of binder twine along the center line of where the monkey bridge is to be built. Working from the center, measure 10 feet toward each end to mark where the A-frames are to be placed. They should be 20 feet apart. Then mark out another 10′ from each A-frame to where the anchors are to be built.
Note: These dimensions are for building a bridge with a 20-foot span. This is the maximum span for a bridge using a 50-foot rope. The extra 30 feet of rope is needed to have 15 feet of rope at each end for the proper distance from the A-frames to the anchors (10 feet) and for the knots at the anchors (5 feet).
Build the anchors. The foot rope will be attached to anchors at both ends. Before erecting the double A-frames, build a 3-2-1 anchor, or a log and stake anchor, 10 feet from where the A-frames will be erected (see figure 141).
Rope grommet. After the anchors are built, attach a rope grommet with a ring or shackle in it. (You can make the rope grommet with a 10-foot length of 1/2-inch diameter polypropylene rope. Tie the ends together using a carrick bend, and permanently secure the ends with some strong twine).
Position the A-frames. Prepare to erect the monkey bridge by moving the A-frames into position no more than 20 feet apart. Lay them down on the binder twine that marks the center line of the bridge.
Hand and foot ropes. Now you can prepare the foot and hand ropes for the monkey bridge. Lay the foot rope in a straight line off to the side of where the A-frames are laying. Then lay the two hand ropes on the ground next to each other so they're parallel to the foot rope and 42 inches away.
Stringer ropes. Now you can add the stringer ropes that will go from the foot rope to the hand ropes. Start by tying the center of an 8-foot long stringer rope (use 1/4-inch manila rope) at the center of the foot rope, using a clove hitch. The stringer rope is tied around the foot rope so that both ends are 4 feet long. Add two more stringer ropes on both sides of the center stringer rope (so there are five stringer ropes in all), tying them about 4 feet apart. Tie one end of each stringer rope to one of the hand ropes, again using a clove hitch. Then do the same with the other ends of the stringer ropes, attaching them to the other hand rope.
Assemble the bridge. You're just about ready to assemble the bridge. First place a piece of heavy canvas (called a "saddle") in the V formed by both double A-frames. This will protect the foot rope and allow it to slide a little in the V without interfering with the lashing rope.
Schematic of foot, hand ropes and anchors
Now get the crew together to erect the bridge. You will need a safety officer to watch for any problems that might occur, and a signal caller to tell the crew members what to do. You will need two Scouts to lift and hold each double A-frame in place, two more Scouts to lift the foot rope into the V of the double A-frames, and two more Scouts to lift the two hand ropes into place at the tops of the A-frames. Lift everything into place. Then, holding the A-frames steady, temporarily tie the hand and foot ropes into the rings of the grommets using a roundturn and two half hitches (see figure 142).
Tighten the foot rope. Now you can put a strain on the foot rope. It's not necessary to use block and tackle since this will put too much strain on the lashings, anchors, and the foot rope itself when there is a load on the bridge.* Whatever strain three or four Scouts can put on the foot rope by pulling it by hand will be enough. As soon as the bridge is used a few times, there will be a sag in the rope. This is fine because it means that you are working with reduced strain on the foot rope as a safety measure.
Tighten the hand ropes. Next, tie the hand ropes to the top ends of the A-frames. First, loosen one end at a time from the anchors. Then, use a clove hitch to tie the hand rope to the top end of the leg of the double A-frame. As you're tying these clove hitches, adjust the strain on the sections of the hand ropes between the double A-frames to match the sag of the foot rope. Also, adjust the length of the stringer ropes so there is even strain between the foot rope and both hand ropes. After the hand ropes are tied to the tops of the A-frames, move down and retie the ends of the hand ropes to the rings in the grommets using a roundturn and two half hitches.
Final testing. With caution, one crew member can get on the bridge as all lashings, anchors, and knots are observed by the safety officer and all other crew members. Make adjustments as required. Then secure the running ends of the hand ropes and foot rope with a piece of cord. Safe operation calls for only one Scout to be on the foot rope of the monkey bridge at a time.
 - eight 4-inch x 8-foot A-frame legs
 - four 3-inch x 6-foot ledgers
 - fourteen 1/4-inch x 15-foot lashing ropes for Square Lashings
 - one 1/2-inch or 3/4-inch x 50-foot rope
 - two 1/2-inch x 50-foot hand ropes
 - five 1/4-inch x 8-foot stringer ropes
 - six 1/4-inch x 10-foot lashing ropes for Strop Lashings
 - six pioneering stakes for each 3-2-1 anchor
 - eight pioneering stakes for each log-and-st


April 1, 2002 - Register-Guardian: Friendship reaches across the ocean
Peace Corps Online: Directory: Sierra Leone: Peace Corps Sierra Leone : The Peace Corps in Sierra Leone: April 1, 2002 - Register-Guardian: Friendship reaches across the ocean
By Admin1 (admin) on Tuesday, April 09, 2002 - 12:39 pm: Edit Post
Friendship reaches across the ocean
Read and comment on this story from the Register-Guardian on the friendship developed over 20 years between Timothy Meinzen of Eugene, OR and Bai Edward Fornah of Sierra Leone (shown above 20 years ago and below this year) at:
Friendship reaches across the ocean*
Friendship reaches across the ocean
By REBECCA NOLAN The Register-Guard
The story of Bai Edward Fornah's journey from war-torn Sierra Leone to a secluded Eugene cul-de-sac is a story of survival, courage, unrelenting optimism and the goodness and generosity of the human heart.
It is also a story about a friendship, a bond 20 years in the making, between Fornah and a one-time Peace Corps volunteer turned high school teacher, Timothy Meinzen of Eugene, who answered an old friend's call for help from half a world away.
Fornah, 31, survived being abandoned by his parents, drug and alcohol addiction and a brush with death when rebels swept through his village, raping, killing and maiming its occupants.
But it took an act of kindness from Meinzen and members of Eugene's Our Redeemer Lutheran Church to help him escape the violent African nation, travel to America and eventually win the chance to study at Eugene Bible College.
The beginning
In 1983, at the age of 22, Tim Meinzen moved into an 8-by-10-foot room on the back porch of a house in Gerihun, in southern Sierra Leone. A recent college grad from Illinois, he and 30 other Peace Corps volunteers were undergoing six weeks of language training before they were released out into the country.
The village children were attracted to the strangers, and Meinzen noticed one boy in particular, a small boy, about 12 or 13 years old, who went by the nickname Edison Dee. It was Edward Fornah. The pair became fast friends.
"He exuded this boyish joy," said Meinzen. "And he had just a little bit of mischief in him."
When the time came for Meinzen to move to his permanent post in Kwellu Junction, he asked Fornah to come along as his translator and cultural guide. In exchange, Meinzen would pay his school fees.
"I was happy to go," said Fornah, whose mother had disappeared and whose father had left the children with their grandmother to seek work in the diamond mines.
"In Africa, people have dreams for their children, but they can't make them come true because of financial handicap," he said. A lucky few are "adopted" by wealthy relatives or friends who give them a push toward a better, more secure life.
When Meinzen and Fornah arrived at the five-room house where they would live for the next two years, two other boys joined them. They formed a family of sorts, sharing chores, meager meals of rice and sauce, and stories about life in their respective cultures.
During the day, Meinzen taught agricultural science and Bible class to students who had no books. As a Peace Corps volunteer, he helped build a school library and started a rabbitry to add protein to the local diet.
He considered the boys family, but Fornah was always his "No. 1 son" and younger brother.
The dark years
When Meinzen returned to the United States in 1985, he delivered Fornah back to his grandmother. The teen was devastated at the departure of his friend.
"That was the worst part of my life," he said. "I had nobody to love me or to care for me. I became involved in some bad games."
He started dancing at nightclubs, drinking and smoking marijuana.
He wrote to Meinzen often, but never spoke of his troubles or his dangerous lifestyle.
Then, in 1990, he had a revelation.
"Someone told me about Jesus," Fornah said. He converted from his native Islam to Christianity. "I wrote to Tim that I was saved."
Three years later, he enrolled in Bible college in the coastal city of Freetown, where his desire to serve others led him to wash the clothing of the pastors and professors. His earlier life of frivolity had left him penniless, so he slept in a classroom and wore the same shirt and trousers every day.
When government officials learned Fornah had not paid his school fees, he was forced out of the college. But the pastors and professors whose clothing he had washed lobbied the college board to waive his tuition. They agreed.
Three years later, he graduated and became a youth pastor and musician in Bo, an inland village where his sister lived with her family.
He helped counsel other young people trapped in a cycle of addiction and poverty.
A brutal war
Sandwiched between Guinea and Liberia on the West African coast, Sierra Leone is one of the world's poorest countries. Life is often brutal in a country, about the size of North Carolina, where 68 percent of the population lives below the poverty line and the average life expectancy is 45.6 years.
Civil war broke out in 1991 between the government and the rebel Revolutionary United Front, or RUF. In the ensuing years of violence, tens of thousands were killed, and fully one-third of the country's population fled to neighboring nations.
In the chaos, rebels roamed the country, abducting, raping and killing civilians. A favored technique of terror was to amputate the limbs of villagers with axes and machetes.
"They would ask if you want long sleeve or short sleeve," Fornah said, and the amputation would be at the wrist or above the elbow.
Fornah's father, who had abandoned the family for the diamond mines, was murdered by rebels who cut him limb by limb.
On Jan. 6, 1999, the rebels arrived in Bo. They forced their way into the home of Fornah's sister, where they terrorized the children and threatened to kill her husband. Four men raped Fornah's sister.
Fornah led the family into the bush, where they hid from the rebels for days. But Fornah's responsibilities as a pastor forced him to return the next day.
He scraped together some money in the hopes that, should the rebels return, he could buy his life.
They did return, but the money was not enough to appease the rebel leader. He ordered Fornah to stand and cocked a G3 automatic combat rifle at him. He told Fornah, "You're going to die."
"I was speechless," Fornah said. "I started praying."
But for unexplained reasons, the man did not shoot Fornah. He gestured at the other men and said, "Let's go."
Escape from hell
After two days of traveling by truck and by boat, seeing dead bodies everywhere, he arrived in Freetown and called Meinzen.
"I said, 'You have to get me out of this country, man,' " Fornah said. He needed $400 to get to Ghana, where he had family.
Meinzen, by then a husband, father and a teacher at Pleasant Hill High School, had been following the conflict in the news and on the Internet. With the help of his brother and his friend Pat Anderson, Meinzen wired the money to Sierra Leone.
Fornah traveled by sea and road to Ghana, somehow avoiding the armed bandits who roamed the countryside robbing travelers. When he arrived after three days, he immediately registered in a missionary training program.
He paid only a fraction of the fees upfront.
He called Meinzen again. This time, the congregation at Our Redeemer raised more than $500 to pay the tuition.
A year later, Fornah asked Meinzen to bring him to America.
At first, Meinzen was pessimistic about the chances, but Fornah knew it could happen. He was right.
The congregation came through once again, raising $1,000 through church activities. Another group, the Aid Association for Lutherans, matched the amount. Congregant Gayle Dorn volunteered to pay a year's tuition at Eugene Bible College.
Fornah, a single male with no marketable skills, managed to get a three-year student visa after the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks.
He landed in Portland last Monday night. The journey was his first by plane.
"If I go to Bible college, I can do for myself," Fornah said. "If I don't go home with money, I want to bring something else. I can speak to the government if I am intellectually sound.
"My home is full of crooks. There is nobody who can stand and say, 'This is no good,' " he said.
On Easter Sunday, Bai Edward Fornah addressed the congregation at Our Redeemer Lutheran Church, thanking them for the "smiles and your welcome and your financial support."
"I am happy that I am here with you," he told the crowd. "You've done so much that you think you have not done."
This story has been posted in the following forums: : Headlines; Service; COS - Sierra Leone
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The Tinsel-Free Christmas Tree
The_Tinsel_Free_Christmas_TreeBertha and Alfred, married for twenty years, enjoy a truly science fictional life in the twenty-first century. But in spite of all the technological marvels surrounding them, an argument about how to decorate the Christmas tree escalates and threatens their marriage.
This parodistic piece is a mundane short story of 2900 words or approximately 12 print pages, written in the style of science fiction's "golden age" of the 1940s and 1950s.
List price: 0.99 USD, EUR or GBP
Some background information:
 - The Tinsel-Free Christmas Tree is a short story of 2800 words and part of the series Alfred and Bertha's Marvelous Twenty-First Century Life. This story is a digital premiere and has never been published previously.
 - This story was written in response to the Not Really SF Short Story Challenge by writer E.P. Beaumont. The idea was to write a completely mundane short story in the style of science fiction's "golden age" of the 1940s and 1950s, complete with clunky overexplanation of every single piece of technology with which the characters interact.
 - The challenge was a response to complaints by some more traditionally minded science fiction writers and fans that science fiction had been invaded by literary writing and that the virtues, values and scientific rigour of science fiction's so-called "golden age" had been forgotten. In response, E.P. Beaumont proposed launching a counter invasion of literary fiction by science fiction.
 - The other stories in the Alfred and Bertha series story borrow their plots from classic 1970s comedy skits by the brilliant German comedian Vicco von Bülow a.k.a. Loriot. The Tinsel-Free Christmas Tree contains some references to Loriot's classic skit Weihnachten bei den Hoppenstedts (Christmas at the Hoppenstedts), though the plot is my own.
 - The neighbour son Ricky Hoppenstedt was taken from the Loriot skit (where the kid is named Dickie), while the Build your own particle accelerator kit Ricky receives from Alfred is an updated version of the Build your own nuclear power station kit from the original skit. I do hope it is less accident prone than the Build your own nuclear power station kit.
 - Bertha's worries whether Ricky will manage to create a micro black hole in his particle accelerator are a reference to these much publicised worries which surfaced when the Large Hadron Collider was first switched on.
 - Alfred's preference for tinsel and his lament that there used to be so much more tinsel in times of old is yet another reference to the Loriot skit, where Grandpa Hoppenstedt laments that "there used to be much more tinsel". The background of the story is that tinsel has become unpopular in recent times and is now considered rather tasteless and old-fashioned. Though the Loriot skit suggests that the slow demise of tinsel dates back at least to the 1970s. And indeed, my mother is more vehemently opposed to tinsel than me.
 - Tinsel used to be made of something called Stanniol in German, which is a mixture of tin and lead foil. Tinsel containing lead was banned in the US in 1972, but in Germany it continued to be available until fairly recently. The last German factory that still produced tin and lead foil tinsel ceased production only in 2013.
 - Tin and lead foil tinsel is heavier than its Mylar (a.k.a. biaxially-oriented polyethylene terephthalate) counterpart and is prized among those who like old-style Christmas decorations.
 - The wine that the Hoppenstedts give Bertha and Alfred is another Loriot reference to the skit Vertreterbesuch (Salesmen's Visit) where Mrs. Hoppenstedt is visited by several salesmen, including one who sells wines of rather dubious origin and quality, including the Klöbener Krötenpfuhl (Klöben toad pond). An enterprising wine merchant recently offered actual bottles of the wines mentioned in the skit.
 - What is more, Alfred and Bertha's surname von Bülow was also borrowed from Loriot.
 - Bertha's Christmas Eve meal consisting of roast goose a.k.a. Anser anser domesticus, red cabbage, potato dumplings and baked apples for dessert is a traditional German Christmas meal BTW.
 - The cover is a stock photo by Wong Mei Teng. I chose it, because it resembles the abstract science fiction paperback covers of the 1960s, even though it's actually a close-up photo of a decorated Christmas tree (sans tinsel, of course).
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The project
This project will address one of the fundamental questions in biology: how species navigate in a feature-less landscape.
Despite advances in understanding how animals navigate, there is no complete consensus. In particular, how seabirds are able to navigate across the open ocean is not fully understood as there are few static features for them to use to orient themselves. Recent evidence suggests that pigeons adjust their behavior in response to inaudible low-frequency sound waves, or infrasound. Here we propose to test the hypothesis that seabirds may also use infrasound to navigate across the ocean.
During this project, we will:
 - Combine infrasound data from a network of 60 international atmospheric infrasound and hydro-acoustic monitoring stations that detect signals from around the globe with a database of over 15,000 seabird movement tracks
 - Simulate soundscapes, maps that individual seabirds potentially use in movement decisions. This involves expertise in geophysical data processing, acoustic source modelling and propagation modelling.
 - Use an innovative movement framework grounded in landscape ecology
 - Develop novel biologging devices, which can detect sound and meteorological parameters
 - Interspecific comparisons will assess the importance of infrasound for seabird navigation
 - Examine phenotypical and phylogenetic differences,
 - Complete assessment of the physiology, behavior and physics underpinning the use of infrasound in navigation
A simulated 'infrasoundscape' from ocean waves, locations of a wandering albatross on 25 February 2013 and sites of CTBTO atmospheric infrasound and hydroacoustics facilities


text:
Anders Schroder combines abstract with sensual to create a strikingly unique batch of idents for TV3's female-skewed lifestyle channel TV3 Puls (and realises the design store of the future in the process).
director: Anders Schroder
TV3 was very focused on the idea of creating an identity package that reflected the feel of the channel rather than the content of it. They had to be abstract, clearly avoiding literal clichees and had to be all graphic. Obviously it was very important for the channel to fit into the TV3 family while still holding its own.
In order to reflect the mood of the channel we were drawn towards natural materials and textures to create something that you would love to touch and feel. At the same time we did not want to be literal so we invented fictive objects and shapes that resembled abstract interior/design objects but that clearly did not have a real-world purpose. These semi-natural objects were deliberately mixed with all-synthetic CG objects which were then arranged into still-life-esque compositions.
We decided to base each ident around abstract concepts such as, a breath of fresh air, opening up, socializing, attraction, and balance. All positive concepts that could serve as the driving idea behind each ident.
We wanted to create a unique look that was cutting edge and aspirational with (wo)Man at the center of the idea.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Posted by The Situationist Staff on February 7, 2009
A pair of capuchin monkeys show very compelling signs of cooperation and a sense of fairness, by working together to solve a problem using tools, and then sharing the reward.
They also show signs of understanding fairness: when unequal rewards are given to one monkey and not another, the monkey receiving the lesser treat would rather go hungry than accept anything less than an equal reward.
From the BBC documentary "Capuchins: The Monkey Puzzle", narrated by the ever brilliant Sir David Attenborough.
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source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
adopt many methods to determine whether the unborn baby is a boy or a
girl. The Chinese
pregnancy calendar is an often used
method to know about the
gender of the new life in the mothers womb.
is an ancient way for
predicting the gender of
the unborn baby
It is also known as a Chinese
conception chart, or
the Chinese Conception Calendar. It is believed that this ancient
method is highly accurate, although no clinical studies verify these
chart is an
ancient Chinese secret
A Chinese scientist developed this calendar,
700 years ago. According to a legend, the Chinese
is capable of
predicting the baby gender based
on two variables: the baby month of conception and the mothers age.
chart was kept in a royal tomb, near the city of Peking in China in
ancient times. Now this original Chinese chart is on display at the
Beijing Institute of Science. Many people, especially the Chinese,
believe that the original Chinese pregnancy
calendar is almost 100%
According to studies, the
Chinese pregnancy calendar
has been found to be
97% effective in
predicting a baby gender. This accuracy is credited to the use of
Chinese lunar calendar
pregnancy calendar is dependent on the
lunar calendar. It is
based on the month a baby is conceived and not the birth month. The
second factor is the mothers age at the time of conception, adding 9
months to her age to adjust the lunar calendar.
conceived month from January to December is listed on the top row of
the Chinese chart,
and the left column of
age during the conception. You need to follow the steps given below to
get the most accurate result from the Chinese
Pregnancy by the boy approaches more often, than pregnancy an girl. On
statistical given beside young and sound parents more often birth boys,
but beside of parents of more senior age on the contrary.
1. Note down your age
at the time of conception.
2. Add 9 months to the age to
adjust to the lunar calendar.
3. Also note down the month
when the baby was conceived.
4. Now simply search for the
conceived month across the top portion of the chart and the age on the
left side of the chart.
5. Lastly, follow these two
coordinates to the spot where they intersect, and that will show you
either a box containing B
boy, or G
comparison to the Chinese pregnancy calendar,
the ultrasound during
the 7th or 8th month of
is a more reliable method to
know the gender of the
child. In fact an ultrasound is use to monitor the
week by week
development right from
conception till child birth.
it is a
boy or a girl, what does it matter? What matters is that you have fun
guessing the gender of your unborn baby using the Chinese pregnancy
All along use a
journal to record your
development week by week.
More radio frequency to conceive aihe male sex is connected with
that Spermatozoidum, carrying male Y-chromosome, several more
movable, than carrying X-chromosome, and has more chances earlier to
reach ovules. But healled Spermatozoidum with X-chromosome more viable
and can more long to survive in wombs of pipe, and wait a period of
One of the ways of planning of conceiving boy or girl is based on such
abilities an Spermatozoidum.
In the first place it is necessary exactly
to define a date of ovulations. So, if beside you menstruations
regular, the day of ovulations constant and possible produce an
uncomplicated calculation. If you want conceive boy or girl, You must
adjust last sexual contact before a data of ovulations. If You to
planned conceive of boy or girl
Study has shown that method
efficient in 80% events aproximately.
Used and other ways of planning conceive boy or girl, based on
calculations "biological rhythms", astrological forecasts and etc. But
from medical standpoints these methods not motivated.
a sex of aihe during pregnancy.
By means of the ultrasound during of pregnancy possible to
define a sex of future child. This better and easier to realize at late
terms of pregnancy, after 22-26 weeks. Then results will more


text:
The upper (suprarostral) and lower (infrarostral) supportive jaw cartilages have pigmented and keratinized jaw sheaths. The relative amount of dark keratinization (width in longitudinal dimension) of a sheath sometimes is useful for distinguishing among tadpoles.
Narrow Sheaths-dark for less than half the width
Medium Sheaths-dark for about half the width
Wide Sheaths-dark for nearly the entire width
Other jaw sheath characteristics are sometimes useful to distinguish among species.
Tutorial Index|Morphology|Measurements|Eyes|Lateral Process|Tail Musculature|Spiracle
Vent|Oral Disc Morphology|Labial Tooth Row Formula (LTRF)|Back to the Key


text:
What is electroplating auxiliary equipment
The accessories that must be provided for the plating bath of electroplating equipment include anode and anode basket or anode hook, electrode rod, power connecting wire, etc. In order to save investment, some factories do not use anode baskets and hook the anode directly to the plating bath, but at least cover the anode sleeve. The key of the power connection line is to ensure that it can pass the required current. It's better to use copper plate and multi strand cable, which must meet the requirements of cross-sectional area. Most anode baskets are made of titanium, and a few kinds of plating can also be made of stainless steel or steel. Electrode rod is a conductive rod used to hang anode and cathode and connect with power supply. It is usually made of copper bar or brass bar, slightly longer than the plating bath, and the diameter is determined by the current, but at least more than 5cm.


text:
Creating a number series to use as a reference number
You have the option to add a reference number to your applications that counts every instance started in a specific application.
This must be configured by our support team, you can reach out to them at _EMAIL_.
The support team will need the following information to set up a correct number series:
Space ID: The 4-digit space ID to which the number series will be connected to. (You can find the space ID in the URL of the space.
Name: The name of the number series. (If you have many number series within the space, it is a good idea to have a name that describes its function and includes the name of the application). When you select the number series for an application you will choose it from a drop-down that has all the reference numbers for the space, so you want it to be easy to select the correct number.
Start number: Include which number you would like the series to start on. For example, if you would like your reference number to show the date the instance was started and then start counting at one you may write:
- Case 2023-01-00001
The date format can be customized to meet your needs as well as the characters separating the dates. You can choose to have a slash (/), a hyphen (-), or to have no spaces. You can add letters to your number series as well.
Format: Using the generic parts in a number series below, Write the format behind the example you have written above. Below are the formats behind the reference number examples above:
Generic parts in a number series :
- [yy] - Two part year, 23
- [yyyy] - Four part year, 2023
- [MM] - Month, 02
- [dd] - Day, 08
- [n:4] - Incremented number that has (in this example) at least four digits, 0012.
- Note, the number after 9999 is 10000. If you do not want 4 digits, simply replace the 4 with the number of digits you prefer.
- You can add any numbers or words you would like to include.
The counter on a number series will never start over from 0. If you include the date, the counter will not start over at the beginning of the year. If you would like your number to start over you will need to have a new number series created.
Here is an example of what to send to support:
Space ID: 0000
Name of the reference number series: TEST
Start value: 1999 (2000) (Start counter at 1 is default)
How you would like the finished number to appear in the list: 230126-SPUA-2000
A number series should only be used with one application.
Activating the number series for the application:
Once the support team has set up the number series, You will need to activate the number series for the intended application.
- Go to the Application overview page and open Application configuration.
- Go to the advanced tab and select your number series from the drop-down. Read about numbering sub instances here.
- All reference numbers from the space are available in the drop-down, but a reference number should only be used for one application.
- Save the configuration.
- Once the configuration is complete, you will be able to see the Reference number in the Application Overview.
Create a reference number for each sub instance
There are two ways that the sub instances of an application with a reference number can be numbered. They can either inherit their number from the main instance or they can be given a number of their own. You can choose this when selecting your number series. To change this go to Application configuration and locate the advanced tab.
If the check box is selected, the sub instance will receive its own number from the same number series as the main instance. For example, if the main instances reference number is 001, the sub instance may be 002.
If the checkbox is left empty, the sub instance will receive the same reference number as the main instance, but with a counter added to it. For example, if the main instances reference number is 001, the sub-instance may be 001.1.
Use Reference numbers in forms and lists.
You can add the reference number to a form by using the Object field - Instance number.
You can also show the reference numbers in a list by adding the standard column Ref #.


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Inheritance journal part2
1. One of the quote I pick was "you got go back to slavary time." It has a something to do with inherit. They all have a connection with inherit.
2. This show quote show what they would use or tell people what this piano went through and was kept by this family.
3. The conflict was that they took it from there old slave master name Robert sutter.
4. I think they should keep the piano because it's the only thing they might have left of there family tree.


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- Stellarium Part 1
Free Planetarium Software – The basics of how to use Stellarium, setting your Location, setting the time of day, moving around the sky, zooming in, and turning on the consetellation lines, the constellation labels, and the constellation artwork.
- Stellarium Part 2
More about the horizontal menu – turning on the equatorial and azimuth grid – speeding up time, slowing down time, going backward in time, and pausing it; as well as nebulas and planet labels.
- Stellarium Part 3
The Vertical menu – short cut keys, Setting a default date and time, how to restore the default location and time, Selecting a constellation one at a time, turning on and off the planet and star labels. Changing the landscape and viewing the earth from the moon.


Zhangjiajie International Country Music Stage Has been Finished
Country music combines with the original ecological pastoral scenery, and a curved limpid stream goes through the stage. Among the mountains, we can hear the sounds of nature.
According to the introduction, The opening stage covers an area of 500 square meters. It was built between paddy fields and the water wheel live stage, the entire stage composed of rock grinding raw materials.
In the opening stage, quaver background combines with water wheel, which becomes a new scenery line. On the right side of the stage, there is an original "Tujia diaojiao building". It can reflect tujia living characteristics, give an intuitive impression to the audiences, which let the audience feel zhangjiajie culture, experience the country singles.
Zhangjiajie international country music first started in 2009, which aimed to show the world local music, inherit and carry forward the country music art. In ecological square of Huanglong Cave, there exsits grain, melon and fruit. The audience can sit around and listen to music feast.
In this country singles, the opening stage will be preserved as the music source iconic attractions, and it met the visitors for officially on August 25th.
Translated by Sophia


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Extended Side Angle Pose
What is Extended Side Angle Pose?
Extended side angle pose, or utthita parsvakonasana in Sanskrit, is a standing pose that's often sequenced in between warrior poses. From warrior two, the yogi leans their torso toward their bent leg and reaches their arm in line with the torso. The pose provides a deep stretch to the groin and hamstrings.
- Begin in warrior two with the right leg bent.
- Exhale and lean the torso to the right. Rest the right forearm on the right thigh and reach the left arm overhead.
- To deepen the pose, exhale and lower the right fingertips to the floor. Stretch the left arm alongside the ear so that it's in line with the torso.
- Breathe while holding the pose.
- Inhale and return to warrior two. Change sides and repeat.
- Look toward the floor if there is neck pain
Benefits of Extended Side Angle Pose
- Strengthens the legs, knees and ankles
- Strengthens the core
- Stretches the groin and hamstrings
- Relieves shoulder stiffness
- Relieves sciatica
- Improves elimination
Extended Side Angle Pose Details
- Sanskrit Name
- Utthita Parsvakonasana
- oo-tee-tah PARSH-vah-ko-NAH-sah-nah
- Pose Level
- Urdhva (Toward the sky)
- Pose Type
- Core, Standing Poses, Strength


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How Do Dinosaurs Learn to Read?
by Jane Yolen Illustrated by Mark Teague
Reviewed by Thomas W. (age 6)
Thomas W. is a student in Ms. Heller's 1st Grade Class
The book is about how dinosaurs learn to read from other dinosaurs. The story takes place at a dinosaur's house. The story asks you questions about how dinosaurs learn to read.
My favorite part is the end because I learned how dinosaurs learn to read. It makes me remember the first time that I read a chapter book. My favorite character is the dinosaur because he learns to read.
Anybody who is just learning to read would like to read this book.


The Better Cut Cellular Polycarbonate
Recently, in many construction operations, polycarbonate has replaced heavy, brittle, and relatively expensive silicate glass. This practical and affordable material is used for decorative glazing, the construction of urban infrastructure elements, the construction of greenhouses and greenhouses, the erection of the roof of arbors, sheds or terraces. The durability and reliability of the structure made of it depends on the observance of processing technology and the correct installation. A frequent reason for rejecting material during operation is incorrect cutting of sheets, so some inexperienced craftsmen wonder how and how to cut polycarbonate so as not to damage the panels. In this article we will tell you what tools you can use for processing, and how to use them correctly.
Angle Grinder
The most effective tool with which you can cut a sheet of polycarbonate plastic is a conventional angle grinder. Since this material, especially cellular, is quite easily processed, even the cheapest Chinese models can handle cutting. Experienced craftsmen note that it is better to perform angle cutters straight cuts of large lengths. You can cut polycarbonate with this tool in a curve, but it requires a lot of experience. In order not to spoil the material when cutting, the following rules must be observed:
 - For cutting sheets of this material, an angle grinder with a cutting wheel for metal with sharp, frequent teeth is used.
 - When cutting sheets of polycarbonate plastic, it is better to use an angle grinder at low speeds so that the cut is smooth and the edges of the material without burrs.
 - If it is necessary to cut cellular polycarbonate, the cutting wheel angle grinder can be placed strictly between the ribs.
READ Stihl Ts 420 Fuel Consumption
Note! Angle grinder refers to high-speed tools, it is quite difficult to work with it without experience. In order to properly perform the cut and not damage the material, you can practice the residues of polycarbonate.
The Better Cut Cellular Polycarbonate
Another tool that can be used to cut polycarbonate is a household electric jigsaw. It is considered a universal device for sawing materials of different density and thickness. The jigsaw cutting file is fixed only on one side, therefore it can be used for cutting holes and curved cuts in polycarbonate. To use this tool, you must follow a few rules:
Видео: The Better Cut Cellular Polycarbonate
 1. To process sheets of polycarbonate plastic, a jigsaw is used, the cutting blades of which have small teeth.
 2. In order to keep the edges of the polycarbonate straight after sawing, a new, sharp cutting blade must be used.
 3. To obtain an even, accurate cut, you can use a cutting blade for metal, which does not tear polycarbonate, but cuts it.
 4. When processing monolithic plastic of large thickness with a jigsaw, a large amount of chips is formed, which must be removed promptly so that they do not interfere with sawing.
READ How to Cut Chipboard Without Chips
Important! Professional masters with the help of a jigsaw only perform curly, curved cuts, since it is much longer to cut them in a straight line than an angle grinder.
Stationery knife
At home, polycarbonate can be cut with a regular clerical knife. With this tool, cellular plastic with a cellular structure is more often processed. Monolithic polycarbonate is not cut with a knife, as it is too hard. To make the cut smooth, it is better to adhere to the following technology:
 - To cut a sheet of polycarbonate plastic, you need a high-quality, sharp clerical knife.
 - Polycarbonate is cut in 2 stages using a stationery: first, a small incision is made so that the tool does not slip, and then the material is carefully cut.
 - A stationery knife is used to cut cellular polycarbonate with a thickness of not more than 4-6 mm.
Keep in mind that with the help of a clerical knife, small trimming and fitting of plastic sheets is performed, since it is long and inconvenient to make large-length cuts with them. An ordinary clerical knife can quickly become dull or break.
Cutting technology
When cutting panels made of polycarbonate plastic, it is easy to damage the material or spoil the edges of the sheet, violating the technology. Experienced craftsmen advise against saving on tool blades and cutting blades, since a blunt knife makes the cut uneven and sloppy. Cutting is carried out in the following sequence:
 1. First of all, the area where the sawing will be performed is cleared. To make the surface smooth, sheets of plywood or chipboard are laid out on it.
 2. Before cutting polycarbonate, markings are applied to the surface using a marker and a long ruler.
 3. Under a sheet of plastic, on both sides of the intended line, wooden blocks are laid with a thickness of at least 40 mm. From above along the markings also lay a wide board used for movement.
 4. Straight cuts are performed using an angle grinder at low speeds, and the curves are jigsawed.
 5. After completion of the operation, the chips are blown off the surface of the material with compressed air.
READ How To Cut The Pvc Skirting Board
Note! Cellular plastic up to 6 mm thick can be cut in a pile by folding several sheets on top of each other and placing plywood under them. In industrial conditions, this material is processed using a laser, which is much faster and easier than a hand tool.


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Finite order meromorphic solutions and the discrete Painleve equations
Korhonen, R (Joensuu)
Tuesday 19 September 2006, 12:00-12:30
Seminar Room 1, Newton Institute
Let w(z) be an admissible finite-order meromorphic solution of the second-order difference equation w(z+1)+w(z-1)=R(z,w(z)) where R(z,w(z)) is rational in w(z) with coefficients that are meromorphic in z. Then either w(z) satisfies a difference linear or Riccati equation or else the above equation can be transformed to one of a list of canonical difference equations. This list consists of all known difference Painlevé equations of the form w(z+1)+w(z-1)=R(z,w(z)), together with their autonomous versions. This suggests that the existence of finite-order meromorphic solutions is a good detector of integrable difference equations.
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The Reclamation Project
A furry solarpunk shared world.
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TRP - Year One
TRP - Year Two
Appears in: The Underground Star
An unassuming coin with a human head on the heads side and a canine shaped head on the tails side. It is shiny and is about the size of a 50 cent coin. In the corner of the coin there is a small stamp that declares it "GNDN". The coin itself holds a strong magnetic charge that is activated when the coin is moved quickly. This movement usually manifests in a coin flip. The polarity of the field changes depending on which side is face up. Heads up the coin attracts metal within a radius the size of a small room and can form a large tower if left undisturbed for a period of time. Tails up the coin repels metal as soon as it comes into contact with the surface the coin is currently laying on. Currently resides in the tunnels of the Warrens. Though, there may be others scattered about.
(source, author notes)
equipment/gndn_coin.txt · Last modified: 19 Jun 2020 at 20:27 EDT by Kayode Lycaon


From Pioneers to Present Day
College Avenue, circa 1898. Photo courtesy Cheney Historical Museum.
Cheney developed into the city we know today because of its strong ties to education, rail, and agriculture. This provided a strong economic base for the community and was the result of much larger events that took place in the United States.
What's in a Name?
The name of the little community, originally Section Thirteen became Willow Springs, then became Depot Springs, because of its ties to the railroad, then Billings, in honor of a president of the Northern Pacific Company, and finally Cheney, in honor of Benjamin P. Cheney, a Director of the Northern Pacific Railroad.
Benjamin P. Cheney was the eldest son of a blacksmith who was born in 1815 at Hillsborough, New Hampshire. Mr. Cheney, a director of the Northern Pacific Railroad, donated $10,000 to establish the Benjamin P. Cheney Academy in the town. And the railroad donated 8 acres of land so that the educational facility could be built.
The County Seat
The Grand Steal
On a night when most of the residents of Spokane Falls were at a gala wedding celebration, a delegation of armed "Cheneyites" invaded the Auditor's office, took possession of the books, did their own ballot recount which showed Cheney the victor, and made off into the darkness with the records - and the auditor, who may have been sympathetic to their position. The "Grand Steal" was not contested and was confirmed by a court decision in 1881.
EWU's Roots: the Benjamin P. Cheney Academy
Shaping a Community
The creation of "Special Interest Groups" was an increasing interest in the social circle. Participating in "proper" social activities became the forefront in Cheney for creating a character all its own. In the past, keeping the small town characteristic was an important issue, and today we find that the citizens of Cheney still share that same ideal and vision for Cheney's future.


The principle of Monowheels is super simple and works on this easy way. For the forward or backward movement, the rider just leans slightly forward or backward. In order to steer left or right, the driver moves his body weight to the left or right.
1. How does the dynamic stabilization of the Monowheel works
The ability to independently maintain balance is the most amazing property on Monowheel and is the key to its operation. To understand how this system works, it is helpful to consider Kamen's model for this utensil – the human body.
If you stand up and lean forward so far that you lose your balance, you nevertheless usually do not fall on your nose. The brain knows that you are not in balance, because of the fluid in your inner ear. So it causes you to put your foot forward, in order to avoid a fall. If you keep leaning forward, your brain will keep putting your legs forward. Instead of falling, you walk forward, one step after another.
The Monowheel does pretty much the same, with the difference that he has a foot instead of a wheel, instead of muscles a motor, a collection of microprocessors instead of a brain and a set of sophisticated equilibrium sensors instead of balance in the inner ear. Like your brain, the Monowheel knows when you are leaning forward. To maintain balance, it turns the wheel in exactly the right speed, so you move forward. Monowheel calls this behavior "dynamic stabilization".
2. The brain and the muscles
The Monowheel consists of an intelligent network of sensors, mechanical components, a drive system and control systems. The moment when you step onto the unit, starting five gyroscopic sensors and two accelerometers 100 times per second to analyze the terrain and your body position.
Monowheel uses a special solid-state angular sensor. This type of gyroscope sensor judges the rotation of an object, taking account of the Coriolis effect on a very small scale.
With the Coriolis force is meant the effect, that moving bodies are deflected in a rotating reference system from the perspective of a co-rotating observer. If you observe a plane flying seemingly in a straight line, this line appears curved, because the earth moves under it.
The Monowheel has five gyroscopic sensors, though it would really only need three to control the weight transfer to the front and rear. The extra sensors add redundancy, to make the product more reliable. The information about the driver and his control weight shifting movements are passed along with the information of additional tilt angle sensors for "brain" of the Monowheels.
The "brain" consists of two redundant electronic circuit boards which are each equipped with a group of microprocessors. The batteries and motor windings are duplicated. They work together and share the power required to drive the workload. The Monowheel has furthermore also some additional microprocessors. The Balance Scooter requires much calculating capacity because it must do precise calculations in the shortest possible time to prevent tipping. If a circuit board while driving fails (or the associated battery, motor windings or wiring), the other half takes over all functions. The system informs the driver of the fault and can be deactivated controlled.
The microprocessors are controlled by an advanced software, which in turn controls the vehicle. This program monitors all information arriving from the gyroscopic sensors and adjusts the speed of the electric motors. The electric motors, which are powered by two rechargeable lithium-ion batteries, can turn each wheel independently at different speeds.
If the vehicle is tilted forward, the motor will move forward the wheel to prevent overturning. If the vehicle is tilted to the back, the engine moves the wheel to the back.


Legislative Committees
Environment and Public Works
National Senate Committee
410 Dirksen Senate Office Building
Washington, DC 20510-6175
Phone: _PHONE_
Fax: _PHONE_
Web Address:
(1) Committee on Environment and Public Works, to which committee shall be referred all proposed legislation, messages, petitions, memorials, and other matters relating to the following subjects:
1. Air pollution.
2. Construction and maintenance of highways.
3. Environmental aspects of Outer Continental Shelf lands.
4. Environmental effects of toxic substances, other than pesticides.
5. Environmental policy.
6. Environmental research and development.
7. Fisheries and wildlife.
8. Flood control and improvements of rivers and harbors, including environmental aspects of deepwater ports.
9. Noise pollution.
10. Nonmilitary environmental regulation and control of nuclear energy.
11. Ocean dumping.
12. Public buildings and improved grounds of the United States generally, including Federal buildings in the District of Columbia.
13. Public works, bridges and dams.
14. Regional economic development.
15. Solid waste disposal and recycling.
16. Water pollution.
17. Water resources.
(2) Such committee shall also study and review, on a comprehensive basis, matters relating to environmental protection and resource utilization and conservation, and report thereon from time to time.


Here is the situation:
 - I cast Walk the Aeons with Buyback.
 - Walk the Aeons resolves and returns to my hand.
 - I cast Walk the Aeons again, without buyback.
Where does Walk the Aeons go when it resolves for the second time that turn? Can Jace's ability track Walk the Aeons across multiple zones?
Objects that move from one zone to another become a completely new object.
400.7. An object that moves from one zone to another becomes a new object with no memory of, or relation to, its previous existence. There are eight exceptions to this rule:
Rule 400.7h is an exception to 400.7. This is the rule that allows Jace's -3 ability to keep track of cards that you cast from the graveyard.
400.7h If an effect causes an object to move to a public zone, other parts of that effect can find that object. If the cost of a spell or ability causes an object to move to a public zone, that spell or ability's effects can find that object.
As soon as the card moves to any other zone, rule 400.7h no longer applies, and Jace's ability loses track of it. If you cast Walk the Aeons after that, it will go to the graveyard like normal.
As another user pointed out, this is also the most logical outcome. The game has no way to tell in all situations if the second Walk the Aeons is the same physical card as the first one.
 - 3
 Logically, the game can't really track that sort of thing, because there's no way for the game to know if the second Walk the Aeons that is cast is the same physical card as the first one or not. – GendoIkari Apr 13 '16 at 13:56
 - _USER_ That's one possible argument, but it's not watertight - what if the player had an empty hand before the Buyback? Then it would be the only card in that player's hand and the game could know. Of course, it would be a silly way of doing things on a case-by-case basis. The "game object" concept is much more broadly applicable. – Hackworth Apr 13 '16 at 14:14
Your Answer


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SEARCH Encourages Proposals to the Arctic Science, Engineering, and Education for Sustainability (ArcSEES) Opportunity
The SEARCH and International Study of Arctic Change (ISAC) steering groups released a "Dear Colleague" letter to encourage SEARCH and ISAC-relevant proposals to the recent NSF solicitation on Arctic Science, Engineering, and Education for Sustainability (ArcSEES, see funding article in this issue of Witness). The Dear Colleague letter highlights three reports that may be useful in linking proposal topics to identified priorities from the science community. The NSF ArcSEES solicitation presents an excellent opportunity to propose projects that implement ideas developed by the broad SEARCH and ISAC communities that are relevant to sustainability issues in the Arctic.
The Dear Colleague letter and relevant reports are available at:


35. Things to Do as a Secretary
See Images Translate Repeat WPM:
Edward is a secretary in a doctor's office. He does a lot of things. He greets patients. He asks for their information. He records their height and weight. He tells them how long they have to wait. He answers phone calls. He always knows what to say. Edward also keeps the files organized.
Vocabulary Cloze Sentences Dictation
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When you can volunteer
There's no upper age limit on volunteering. However, some organisations' insurance policies do not cover you if you're under 16 or over a certain age (usually 80).
You cannot work for a profit-making organisation if you're under 14, even if you're not paid.
Your local councils might have extra rules about the work you can do as a young person. For example, you might not be able to volunteer at a charity shop if the council decides that it's a profit-making organisation.
People aged 50 or older can find volunteering opportunities with the Retired and Senior Volunteering Programme.
Volunteering and benefits
You can volunteer and claim benefits if:
- the only money you get from volunteering is to cover expenses, like travel costs
- you continue to meet the conditions of the benefit you get
If you have a criminal record you can still volunteer in most roles, depending on your offences. You might need a Disclosure and Barring Service check if you want to volunteer with children or vulnerable adults.


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Wed November 28, 2012
Milk: Symbol Of Purity, Symbol Of Conflict
Originally published on Wed November 28, 2012 12:19 pm
Earlier this week, European Union dairy farmers decided to protest milk price controls by spraying police with high-pressure hoses filled with milk. It certainly wasn't the first time that food has been both subject and symbol of unrest (see food riots). But this one stands out because of the dramatic images.
According to Reuters, hundred of farmers blocked traffic with tractors along some of Brussels' busiest streets and aimed hoses at the Parliament building. Naturally, police and passersby got showers they were not expecting. Afterward, the farmers set fire to barrels of hay and piles of tires. Says Reuters:
"The European Milk Board, which coordinated the two-day protest, said prices with current quotas were putting small farmers out of business. In Belgium, for example, the board said the wholesale price for a quarter gallon of milk was around 34 cents, but the cost of producing it is more than 50 cents."
For more amazing photos of the EU milk protest, check out NBC News' PhotoBlog post.
While food has often been hurled in protest — think rotten tomatoes, rotten eggs, etc. — milk may be a particularly poignant choice because of our complex relationship with it.
As historian Deborah Valenze notes in her book Milk: A Local and Global History, "Milk, a liquid associated with kindness and love, has never been free from conflict throughout history."
We've wavered between milk reverence and milk revulsion for much of our history, she says. It's a first food, it's nutrient-dense, and yet, when not stored in the right conditions, it can make us sick.
Dairy was once banned from ancient Greek diets — it was considered too bestial in origin for sophisticated wannabe urbanites, Valenze writes. Later, in a backlash against urbanism, Renaissance scholar Laura Cereta "seized upon milk en route to one of her favorite causes: the virtue of rural simplicity over the worldly arrogance built into life in the city," writes Valenze.
These days, we Westerners still equate milk and milk products with wholesomeness and nature, even as some of us wrestle with lactose intolerance. At the same time, its production has become supremely industrialized in the past 100 years, and various governments have intervened in its sale for both safety and supply reasons, causing protests of all kinds.
For a brief history of other food fights, check out our post from earlier this year about flying tacos and yogurt.


Topic: Sarah Ferguson
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Sarah Ferguson News
Sarah, Duchess of York (Sarah Margaret; née Ferguson; born 15 October 1959) is a British charity patron, spokesperson, writer, film producer, television personality and former member of the British Royal Family. She was married to Queen Elizabeth II's second son, Prince Andrew, Duke of York, from 1986 to 1996. She is often popularly referred to as "Fergie", a common nickname for people named Ferguson.
The Duchess is the younger daughter of Major Ronald Ferguson and Susan Barrantes (née Wright), both now deceased. Her children, Princess Beatrice of York and Princess Eugenie of York, are respectively fifth and sixth in the line of succession to the thrones of 16 independent Commonwealth realm states.
Sarah Margaret Ferguson is the second daughter of Major Ronald Ferguson and his first wife, Susan Mary Wright. Sarah's older sister is Jane Ferguson Luedecke, a public relations executive now living and working in Australia. After Sarah's parents divorced in 1972, her mother remarried polo player Hector Barrantes and moved to Trenque Lauquen in the Argentine pampas. Sarah stayed at the 480-acre (1.9 km2) Dummer Down Farm at Dummer, Hampshire, her father's home since age 8. Major Ferguson remarried and had three more children.
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Sarah Ferguson."


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JioFi is considered the best device for the Jio network but it does not have or support the feature of carrier aggregation. JioFi connects to a single band at a time with no aggregation.
So, is it good or bad for a mobile router?
First, understand why carrier aggregation is so useful. Carrier aggregation in a device helps to offer more bandwidth and faster data speeds by combining different network bands and dedicating it to a single user. In the real-world scenario, the same thing cannot be achieved all the time but rarely.
This feature helps in getting usable speed when all the bands are slow.
Since JioFi is used as a mobile router which is known as a stable mobile network, this feature isn't useful at all. The main reason is unstable connectivity due to frequent connection and disconnection.


The Proposal to Muffle NASCAR Race Cars
Last week, Adam Stern broke a story that NASCAR is considering 15 to 20 potential changes that would help increase the fan base. They've already implemented race segments and we've heard talk about shortening race weekends from three to two days.
Stern's article says that one of the ideas on the table is making race cars quieter so that fans can talk to each other and socialize more during races. He notes that many stick-and-ball sports now offer places where people can stand around and congregate during games instead of (as he puts it) "Being restricted to a standard seat".
Stern notes that, if this went ahead, the change would be done gradually and in a way that allowed NASCAR to evaluate the impacts on the racing and the fans. In other words, a way to tune the sound so that it's "just right". Not too loud for the sensitive millennials unable and not too soft for the existing, aging fan base.
Why Are Race Cars So Loud?
Race cars don't have mufflers.
The reason to eschew mufflers is not so the cars will be loud. It's because the way mufflers work slows down the airflow out of the engine. You can't put air into the engine until the air from the last cycle is exhausted. If you slow down the exhaust, you slow down the combustion. There's a real correlation between sound and speed. Historically, racers realized that mufflers made their cars slower. Therefore, mufflers have no place on race cars.
How Loud Are They?
Research indicates that the maximum noise level a person should experience for an 8-hour shift is 85 dB. Noise exposure is always reported in terms of a sound intensity level and a time you're exposed to it.
The louder the sound, the shorter the time you should be hearing it. You use the graph below by identifying the sound level you're going to be experiencing on the bottom axis, then follow it up to the line and read the maximum time you should be hearing it off the left axis. You can hear a sound of 95 dB for four hours safely, a sound of 100 dB for two hours and 105 dB for 1 hour.
Note that this graph only goes up to 115 dB because you shouldn't be exposed to noises louder than this! That's why you should always wear earplugs at the track.
The Data
We all know tracks are noisy, but there are people who study noise and they've actually measured how noisy tracks are in a way that goes far beyond pulling out a sound meter at the start of a race. NIOSH (the National Institutes for Occupational Safety and Health) is the government organization charged with researching and developing safety standards for workplaces. (Disclosure: I have collaborated with NIOSH researchers, but in nanoparticles, not sound.)
In 2000, NIOSH researchers went into a race shop and to Bristol to measure noise levels. The report and paper were followed up in 2010, where they measured noise levels at three tracks: Kentucky, Indy and Bristol. It is worth looking at the papers, if only to read how they describe a race weekend in the highly technical, specialized language of scientific journals.
The figure below the average readings over an entire race – including cautions and crashes and such – in front. The back bars are the maximum readings. They measured in the stands, the infield and the pit area. Bristol is always included in studies like this because it represents the worst case in terms of sound: It's entirely enclosed and small. Even so, the average measurements are about the same. Note that peak measurements can be higher. Noises at 150dB have been measured at Bristol, but those are for really short times.
The next graph shows the average numbers for the first 100 minutes of three races, measured in the infield/pit area. I include that to give you an idea of how much the volume changes over the course of a race. Bristol is, indeed, louder when at the loudest and only drops to 100 dB in the quietest times during the race.
The NIOSH researchers found that, at the track, the noise reaches an unsafe level (meaning permanent hearing loss is likely) during a race:
 - In less than a minute in the car
 - In less than two minutes in the pits and infield
 - In 7 to 10 minutes in the stands.
This is why it is so important to wear ear protection at the track — and if you have kids, it's especially important. Most drivers' kids on pit road before the race are wearing over-the-ear headphone. Their parents know.
How Much Quieter Are We Talking?
Dale Earnhardt, Jr. (on Episode 164 of his Dirty Mo podcast) states that NASCAR is looking at decreasing the sound level of the cars from 120 dB to 90-100 dB. To understand what that magnitude of a decrease would mean requires understanding dBs.
dB stands for decibel, the unit that measures sound intensity level. The dB was adapted in the 1920s to quantify signal loss in long-distance telephone transmissions. The Bel was named in honor of Alexander Graham, but it turns out that the Bel is too large a unit for everyday use, so we use the deciBel – which is 1/10 of a Bel.
dBs are strange units. I've mentioned before that they are logarithmic — not linear. When you go from 10 dB to 20 dB, you're not increasing the sound intensity by 10: you're multiplying the sound intensity by 10.
 - When you go from 60 to 70, you increase the sound intensity by ten times.
 - When you go from 70 dB to 80 dB you make the sound intensity another ten times more. 80 dB is a hundred times more than 60 dB.
 - 90dB is a thousand times more than 60dB.
Decibels Don't Measure Loudness
Sound intensity measures the power of the sound wave. But you are not a sound meter. Your ears are incredibly complex things. Your brain is even more complex. How loud a sound appears to you is dependent on many things.
 - Frequency. We hear some frequencies better than others. Our ears are optimized for frequencies around 2000 – 4000 Hz. A noise in that frequency range will appear louder than a noise with the same sound intensity that is outside the range.
 - How many frequencies are in the sound and how closely they are spaced.
 - Duration. We perceive noises as becoming louder with time up to about 1 second. The longer you listen to a sound, the more your ears adjust to it. This is why racing headphone companies tell you to start with the volume at zero and gradually raise the volume to the lowest level you can hear.
 - Dissonance. Think of how you perceive a crash vs. a concert. How much we 'like' a noise affects how loud we perceive it to be,
 - Your mood. There's a psychological component to loudness.
So the problem is that you can't really convert 'dB' to loudness. Loudness is a psychoacoustical term, meaning that it is dependent on physical parameters we can measure (sound intensity, frequency and duration) — but it is also dependent on psychological things inside your head that we cannot measure.
You'll see people cite a rule of thumb that so many dB = half the loudness. The problem is that not everyone agrees what this number is. You'll find people saying an increase of 3dB or 6dB or 10dB means that the loudness doubles. Here's the way I understand it, based largely on arguments made on this website.
 - If you double the power, you increase the sound intensity level by 3dB
 - If you double the sound pressure, the sound intensity level increases by 6dB
 - If you double the loudness, the sound intensity level increases by 10dB.
The first two of these are things you can actually measure. The last of these is not measured. It is something psychoacousticians have told us.
Psychoacousticians don't all agree. Because they can't measure the number directly, they infer it from the measurements they can make.
If I brought you a cake and told you the ingredients that went into it, you could probably describe what the cake tastes like without tasting it. You've inferred something about the cake's taste without actually tasting it.
Since we can't open up your brain and see what's going on, we have to infer thing. How many dB equals an increase in loudness is inferred. So some psychoacousticians claim that an increase of 6dB doubles the loudness. Others claim the number is 10dB. There is no consensus.
And if a group of people who have spent their lives studying this phenomenon can't come to an agreement, I'm certainly not going to answer it. So let's try something else.
What Would It Sound Like?
Since dB is not an intuitive quantity, we often use examples of things to communicate an idea of what each decibel level means. The graph below pulls together data between 60 dB (ordinary conversation) and 160 dB (a stun grenade: It's very hard to find everyday examples of 160dB). I've colored the NASCAR-related sounds in orange.
To get an idea, therefore, of what the proposed sound changes would be like, just look at what's down the


-14 votes
Why Bitcoin Acceptance Should Be A Litmus Test Of Liberty Proponents
Dear Michael,
Please read this below, and really, really consider accepting Bitcoin for donations.
Whether an individual, merchant or organization is a true proponent of liberty should largely be measured by whether they accept bitcoins for payment or donations. After all, actions are much louder than words; particularly actions that are tied to money and currency.
By accepting bitcoins merchants protect their customers from potential identity theft or political persecution from purchasing liberty orientated products and services. Failure to accept bitcoins casts aspersions on their sincerity towards the fight for liberty because it leaves open the possibility of them being a honeypot.
read more here: _URL_
Source: Trace Mayer, howtovanish.com
Failure to accept bitcoins for purchases or donations makes one either ignorantly, lazily or complicity a servant of the surveillance police state and tyranny and therefore accepting bitcoins makes an excellent litmus test for whether an individual or institution is a true liberty proponent.
A honeypot is a trap set to detect, deflect, or in some manner counteract attempts at unauthorized use of information systems. Generally it consists of a computer, data, or a network site that appears to be part of a network, but is actually isolated and monitored, and which seems to contain information or a resource of value to attackers. Honeypots are often used as bait to catch spammers and other malcontents nefariously using computing resources.
In the fight for liberty, an individual may become a honeypot either ignorantly or complicity. For example, suppose they sell a product or accept donations and use credit cards for payments. The transaction is stored, archived, databased and searchable forever with or without the consent of the merchant or consumer/donee.
Let us assume some malcontent wants to know who all the serious liberty supporters are so they can round them up and throw them in cages to later be exterminated. What would be the easiest way to identify and find them? Easy, query the transactional databases for how much money has been directed towards individuals or organizations that promote the ideas of liberties and sort by individual total.
Have you ever ordered The Law from Amazon, taken a Mises Institute course, bought Jim Willie's newletter, bought gold or silver from GoldSilver or GoldMoney, subscribed to Doug Casey's investing column, made a donation to LewRockwell.com, participated in Tom Wood's Liberty Classroom, bought Gerald Celente's Trend Research, bought from Alex Jones' various products, donated to Ron Paul's Campaign for Liberty, donated to Stefan Molyneux, subscribed to the incredibly insightful Robert Wenzel of Economic Policy Journal, subscribed to The Dollar Vigilante Jeff Berwick, consulted with privacy advocate Mark Nestmann, donated to GATA, joined The Sovereign Society, been considering purchasing the highly anticipated Silent Circle by PGP creator and Internet Hall of Fame Inductee Phil Zimmermann, used the VPN CryptoHippie, donated to AntiWar and countless others.
Well, perhaps you can send them this article in an attempt to persuade them to protect their customers and accept bitcoins.
Well, all of these liberty supporters currently do not accept bitcoin payments and could be or may become honeypots. Do you purchase or want to purchase their goods or services but do not want to be trapped by a honeypot?
Want to know one group that is serious about liberty and shows it in their actions by accepting bitcoins? Libertopia 2012 where I will be speaking along with others like Doug Casey, Stefan Molyneux, Jeff Berwick and many others.
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I couldn't stop adding this one (last?) comment here!
Thanks Michael for at least trying this Bitcoin "thing"!!!
Congratulations on your fundraising drive! And thanks to all those who donated.
And for all the people who think bitcoin is "not anonymous" can you please tell me how much I donated!?! :)
Okay, I will answer for you... YOU CAN'T!
"Can I please donate to your organization?"
"No... we don't accept that form of payment."
Need I say more to drive the point home?
Donate to me in whatever form of payment you'd like... except perhaps cow dung and sea shells (Which have actually been mediums of exchange in the past/present depending on the culture/age).
When a competitor offers the same thing or better at a lower price the force of many individual decisions of many individual people, each having names, each trying to reduce their own costs, without sacrificing quality, are inspired to choose the lower price, which is a lower cost to all those people making all those choices.
That is the supposed Free Market, and the Free Market is just a term, not the actual people and not the actual decisions being made by all those people making all those decisions.
How much does it cost for anyone currently using Legal Fraud Money to stop using it?
The topic starter asks, in so many words, will is cost less to use something else instead?
If you do not "get it", then you may be one of two possible types of people, and there are as many types of people as there are numbers of grain in the sands on all the beaches on earth, but these two types of people are general characteristics shared by many of those people who belong in these groups because of those thoughts and actions that they share with each other as follows:
Group 1.
They prefer Fraud Money because they are Frauds and they make their living perpetrating Fraud upon the many victims.
Group 2.
The victims
So if you don't "get it", then go ahead and confess that you don't "get it", and when asked why, as you confess your state of thinking on this forum, in your own words, why do you shoot down the message, why do you shoot down the messenger? when asked why, confess even more if that is what you must do, and meanwhile this experiment in competitive Legal Currency, a choice, may grow, and if it does grow, and if it does challenge the Legal Frauds, then chances are those who are in Group 1 won't be using only words to shoot the message or the messengers, since these types of Free Money Market choices cannot be allowed to exist while Legal Fraud Money exists.
Check your wallet.
Check your "savings" accounts.
Check your "Retirement Accounts.
Check any investments of any kind that are denominated in the Single Legal Fraud Money produced by the Single Legal Group of Frauds at The Federal Reserve, those criminals who produce Federal Reserve Notes, and other fraudulent products, which you have bought, and which many have bet the farm on, and see what happens as those Frauds continue to enforce this:
That is THE FRN denominated account.
Fraud is precise in how well it moves POWER from those who produce POWER to those who steal it.
So, naturally, those who steal it HATE COMPETITION.
Confess all you who are frauds, please, since knowing better is by definition better than being victims - perpetually - and passing that condition onto the next generation.
If the Liberty Dollar failed.
If E-Gold failed.
Their failure may help in understanding how to make a better money that does not fail to provide the demand for it without having the "quality" of moving POWER from those who produce POWER to those who steal it.
Who is threatened by money competition and why?
Are there really people who claim that Their Money has to be used by Everyone or else?
I think it may be a good idea to know the facts on this question.
Section 4.
Those who share the desire for a Legal Money Monopoly POWER are those who plan on taking more power with the power they steal.
They can steal all the POWER they can, so long as their victims fail to know better.
Henry Ford
Someone commenting on this forum, discrediting a credible competitor in money markets, works for the Monopoly Fraud Bankers.
Pro bono, or for a price, knowingly, or unknowingly, they work FOR the Monopoly Fraud Bankers if they discredit, injuring, by resort to deceit, a credible money market competitor.
Joe,You hit the nail right on it's HEAD!
I totally agree with you, and seeing that this post now has -15 votes makes me really curious about all the FRAUD peddlers here!
You are right, all this post tries to do is to offer an option for people to choose. The article is trying to make a VERY HARD point, and all the opponents to this "litmus test" are quick to knock a strawman of Bitcoin, and even worse, completely FALSE, not even a "strawman", argument, and suggest that people somehow use their gold/silver stash to do what this article suggest: use a new system for supporting/donating/paying online, liberty proponents.
...i can hardly wait to see all the unfortunate negative voting for your and my comments... C'est la vie
I can help with that curiosity.
You spoke of litmus tests. I do the same thing. I can smell a rat with my litmus tests, and this is a very valuable skill.
This is the skill required to accurately distinguish, or discriminate, friend from foe.
Look here:
What constitutes the full measure of that which is censored?
I have a competitive perspective on the subject of political economy, as you may have already measured, doing so accurately if that is in your power to do.
My effort, as poor as it may have been, to offer my viewpoint is met with negative 14 votes.
Your effort is met with negative 15 votes.
What does your perspective challenge competitively and


Straightness of the curve
There are around one million words in English though probably less than 200,000 in active use.
The number of possible words is infinite.
The number of valid word combinations is determined by the meanings of the words and the meaning to be conveyed by the combination.
Just playing ……
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text:
Figure 2C.Operational Amplifier.
IN ANSWERING QUESTIONS 2-27
THROUGH 2-29, REFER TO FIGURE 2C.
2-27. What is part A of the figure?
1. An input amplifier
2. A power amplifier
3. A voltage amplifier
4. A differential amplifier
2-28. What is part B of the figure?
1. A differential amplifier
2. A voltage amplifier
3. A power amplifier
4. A video amplifier
2-29. What is part C of the figure?
An output amplifier
A voltage amplifier
A differential amplifier
A high-impedance amplifier
2-30. If degenerative feedback is used in an
operational-amplifier circuit, which of
the following terms describes the circuit
1. Open loop
2. Closed loop
3. Full circle
2-31. Which of the following signals
determines the stability of the output
signal from an operational-amplifier
circuit in which degenerative feedback is
1. The input signal only
2. The feedback signal only
3. Both 1 and 2 above
4. The detected signal
THIS SPACE LEFT BLANK


text:
Choose One Real-Life Observation Activity
This exercise will give you an opportunity to try your skills as
Select one of the four participant observation exercises to do
before the end of the day on Sunday.
Participant Observation 1 - Your Neighborhood
Participant Observation 2 - City Plaza
Participant Observation 3 - Restaurant or café
Participant Observation 4 - Religious worship service
Review each one to make certain you are selecting something that is logistically possible in your context. Each exercise is a bit different, but each will give you an opportunity to observe and describe a cultural setting. Once you have decided on one, download and print the activity.
- Pick one of the 4 observation activities that is logistically
possible for you to complete before the end of the day on
Sunday. Click on the links above to open, view, and print
the activity you choose.


text:
How Somali Pirates Get Ransom for Hijacked Ships
Somali pirates are modern day armed groups, hijacking ships near a Somalia coastline. They use small, fast speedboats and are armed with automatic weapons and RPGs (rocket-propelled grenades). These sea bandits are often well organized and a combination of ex-fisherman, ex-militia, and computer geeks, but they rarely have quality training. In response to their attacks and to ensure the safety of ships, a fleet of international warships are now on daily patrol in the Gulf of Aden.


text:
From Engineering on March 23, 2007 in Decks and Patios
Over 80% of the countrys decks are made from pressure treated wood, making it the most popular deck material in the US. Even if a deck is made of cedar or redwood, it will most likely have a pressure treated substructure, because it is economical and long-lasting. About 80% of pressure treated wood is southern yellow pine. Its initial greenish color eventually fades to gray and is available at nearly every lumber outlet. Pressure treated wood usually has a warranty against decay and gets its name from the process of forcing a chemical preservative into the wood under pressure. Preservatives can be toxic so dont burn the wood or breath-in the saw dustthough a new process was introduced in 2005, making the lumber safer to use. Though the preservatives in the wood help protect against insects and rot, it does not prevent against weathering. Pressure treated would can be stained or painted, but be sure the product you are using is compatible with the pressure treated material. Pressure treated lumber will shrink and some of the grain may rise or open up. These so-called splits and splinters are a natural occurrence with pressure treated lumber and may happen within a few days after being exposed to the sun. It is by far the least costly building material available in deck construction and comes in a variety of dimensions. Estimated Cost of Pressure Treated Wood: 35-50 cents/linear foot.


text:
Kindertales: Stories Old and New for the Children of the Folk
Ships in 3-5 business days
Why the Moon changes. How Odin got his famous steed Sleipnir. Where the Easter Bunny and Santa came from. What a goatherd did when a grasping shepherd threatened his flocks. These and other tales, both old and new, are lovingly presented in this book of children's stories written especially for Heathen kids by Heathen parents.
Each tale was carefully crafted to be read aloud to children of all ages. Large, easy-to-read print and original accent illustrations make this book a joy to share.
Proceeds help support the Heathen Freehold of BC. Visit us online at _URL_.


Monday, May 5, 2014
A Triangular Shaped Head Does Not Mean A Snake is Venomous (or Poisonous)
This is the head of a venomous Cottonmouth.
Compare it to the Cornsnake below.
 We've all heard it. If a snake has a triangle or diamond-shaped head, it is venomous (or poisonous), right? Wrong. This trick just doesn't work and we should stop using it.
 Environmental educators: don't tell people this is a good way to tell whether a snake is venomous or not.
 Everybody else who isn't already good at identifying snakes: just because a snake has a triangle-shaped head doesn't mean it is venomous.
 Here's the thing. If you have seen a lot of snakes and are really good at identifying them, you probably have no problem recognizing that vipers do have a characteristic and relatively triangular head shape. But let's admit it-that's not how you identified the snake in the first place. You probably used your overall impression of the animal to determine the species and only even considered the head shape if you weren't confident in your identification. For example, maybe you were looking at a poor quality photograph and had trouble recognizing the snake.
This harmless Cornsnake's head is
about as non-triangular as they come.
 If those of us that are snake experts don't use head shape to help with our identifications, why should we tell other people to do it?
 There are a number of problems with using head shape to determine if a snake is dangerous. Most snakes have a head and jaw structure that is at least vaguely triangular and that's just because of basic snake morphology. Snakes have vertebrae, ribs, and a skull, and they give the animal its shape. Even though a snake doesn't have legs doesn't mean it's just a tube with a mouth! Many people that encounter an unidentified snake in their yard haven't spent a lot of time looking at snakes and without that experience it is very easy to imagine any snake's head as one that is triangle-shaped.
 Cornsnakes and Racers have some of the least triangle-shaped heads that a snake could possibly have. Yet, people frequently kill these animals because they think their heads look triangular. If people consider these species to have triangle-shaped heads, they could do the same for any snake in the world. And that means using head shape to determine if a snake is venomous is a trick that is no good.
Harmless Watersnake. Photo Sean Graham
 As if identifying snakes based on their head shape wasn't hard enough, many completely harmless snakes actually make their head appear more triangle-shaped when they are feeling threatened! One reason they might do that is so that potential predators think the snake is venomous and leave it alone. Hognosed Snakes and Watersnakes are notorious for this defensive strategy. I have seen some snakes perfect the behavior to the point that I feel I could have taken out a protractor and confirmed that their head was a perfect isosceles triangle. This doesn't make them dangerous.
 Another problem is that by stressing that snakes with triangular shaped heads are venomous, it is possible for people to forget that this "rule" applies only to vipers. Snakes within the Elapidae family (e.g., cobras and coral snakes) are also venomous but don't have a triangular shaped head at all!
Harmless Hognosed Snake.
 Many harmless snakes are being killed because their heads
appear triangle-shaped. This is bad for snakes, obviously, but it also leads people to exaggerate the danger that snakes pose to them. This doesn't help reduce conflicts between humans and wildlife, it exaggerates it. Unfortunately I don't think the solution is necessarily easy. But, I think we need to move away from emphasizing tips and tricks and encourage a more comprehensive understanding of the wildlife around us.
 Check out the comments below for a few more great pictures of non-venomous snakes with triangular-shaped heads.
 What do you think? If you agree, please use the icons below to share this post on Facebook, Twitter, etc. Disagree? Let me know why below.
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The Slippy Flippy Challenge: Make Active Boundaries in Sprite Kit.
icon2_120In Flappy Bird, hitting the top or bottom boundaries ends the game. They also convey a sense of motion. The boundaries make for a better playing experience. Last time, we set up collision detection, but we need boundaries that are sprites. Sprite node boundaries would be able to tell us what we hit, and run handlers for those cases. We animate them to give a sense of motion.
The boundaries are two sprites that don't move. We have one on the top of the screen and one on the bottom of it. Most properties of the top and bottom sprites are the same. Make one method to make both:
-(SKSpriteNode *)makeWorldBoundaryWithName:(NSString*)name{
 CGSize size = CGSizeMake(self.frame.size.width, self.frame.size.height * 0.10); //10% of height
 SKSpriteNode *boundary = [SKSpriteNode spriteNodeWithColor:[UIColor blueColor] size:size]; = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%_USER_",name]; //all boundaries suffixed with Boundary
 boundary.physicsBody = [SKPhysicsBody bodyWithRectangleOfSize:size]; //physics on, no gravity or motion
 boundary.physicsBody.dynamic = NO;
 boundary.physicsBody.categoryBitMask = obstacleCategory;
 boundary.physicsBody.collisionBitMask = penguinCategory;
 boundary.physicsBody.contactTestBitMask = penguinCategory;
 return boundary;
This code should be familiar by now. It has been covered in other posts. We make the boundary size proportional to self.frame. With two boundaries, take a fifth of the frame height for the boundary, and the width of the screen. Make the boundary a solid blue, and set up physics. Like the obstacles, this is a non dynamic physics body. Set the collision bit masks to find this as a boundary. If there is a penguin collision, the physics engine executes didBeginContact: as we discussed last time.
Orient the boundary to the edge of the frame. Some quick calculations can find it, but there is a better way. Each node has a property AnchorPoint which is a CGPoint with x and y values between 0.0 and 1.0. Sprite Kit uses AnchorPoint to figure position. By default, it is the center of the node.
anchor points
Anchor Points
As indicated in blue, we can use points at (0.5,1.0) and (0.5,0.0) as anchor points for aligning the top and bottom directly to the edge. We can add the following code to initWithSize:.
//make boundaries
SKSpriteNode *topBoundary= [self makeWorldBoundaryWithName:@"top"];
topBoundary.anchorPoint = CGPointMake(0.5, 1.0); //top center anchor
topBoundary.position = CGPointMake(CGRectGetMidX(self.frame), CGRectGetMaxY(self.frame));
[self addChild:topBoundary];
SKSpriteNode *bottomBoundary = [self makeWorldBoundaryWithName:@"bottom"];
bottomBoundary.anchorPoint = CGPointMake(0.5, 0.0); //bottom center anchor
bottomBoundary.position = CGPointMake(CGRectGetMidX(self.frame), CGRectGetMinX(self.frame));
[self addChild:bottomBoundary];
The new method makeWorldBoundaryWithName:makes a sprite. Change the anchor point, then place our boundary easily on the edge of self.frame.
Build and run:
iOS Simulator Screen shot May 12, 2014, 6.09.00 AM
We now have top and bottom boundaries. The penguin bounces off them. As we move forward, there are several thing we need to do:
 - Add animation on the boundaries to convey a sense of movement
 - Handle a Game Over situation
 - Correct the obstacle code so the gap must show up in playable space
 - Add a scoring and high score mechanism
We will address each of these. Next time, we will add animation on the boundaries through marquee animation.
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text:
Dr Julian Lewis and his team at the London Research Institute figured out that Mind Bomb must be playing an important role in the Notch signalling pathway, which helps to tell cells what fate to adopt, or what job to do.
As you might expect, there are versions of Mind Bomb in a host of other organisms, including mammals, where it's involved in making sure the brain and nervous system develop properly. Earlier this year, scientists showed that Mind Bomb also plays a role in the adult mouse brain, and is essential for helping to create long-term memories. Mind Bomb is also the name of a pretty lethal cocktail made with pure alcohol of the kind you would find in a molecular biology lab. Don't try this one at home!


text:
jQuery Mobile: The Concept of Linking Mobile Pages (1)
- a jQM page is bounded by a box with data-role='page' attribute (based on custom data attributes - HTML 5 standard)
- more than one jQM page can be defined in a HTML document
- the first jQM page is always loaded and rendered if the HTML document is loaded through sync. HTTP request, i.e not Ajax (async)
- a jQM page can be loaded via HTTP request or Ajax (xmlHttpRequest) request
- by default, jQM loads a mobile page (referenced from another mobile page) via Ajax unless special attribute is specified
Scenario 1: Multiple jQM pages in a HTML document
This is the most simple and common scenario; multiple jQM pages within a document. The following diagram shows how a document is initially loaded and how a mobile page is retrieved from an user interaction:
Mobile browser retrieves the whole document from the server and loads it. Since it is HTTP document request, any code within


text:
Conflict is inevitable and the concequences are felt for generations. Essay
958 Words4 Pages
Conflict is inevitable and the concequences are felt for generations.
There is one struggle in life that everybody in the world has experienced, not just in today's society but throughout history that evokes emotion and always has lasting consequences, whether they are positive or negative. That struggle is known as conflict.
Conflict is shown in many diffrent forms including internal to external to large scale and racial. The conflict of racism extends for 100s of years from the Jew's in the Holocaust World War Two to our own cultural racism of the Aboriginals. Throughout history the concequences of racism has been deverstating but the effects are felt for generations.
One display of a struggle can be shown in the Holocaust, the attempted genocide of the Jewish people during WWII that resulted in the deaths of over six million European Jews. The effects of such an enormous loss of life can still be felt today by the surviving victims and the families that lost loved ones. In one study conducted by Bower in 1996, it was found that the children of Holocaust survivors have a higher risk of developing psychiatric symptoms such as depression, anxiety and post traumatic stress disorder by being exposed to their traumatised parents. This not only proves that conflict has devastating effects on those involved but also for the future generations as well. On a smaller but no less horrific scale, the Indigenous people of Australia were massacred because the European settlers were ignorant to their unique way of life. Combined with many other tragic events since the time of European settlement, right up to the time of stolen generation and fighting for their land rights, the Indigenous people have been longing for peace and justice. Unfortunately, a serve of justice isn't the only thing plaguing their lives. Even today, the native Australians have a life expectancy


text:
Breaking News: Deaf People Fly Too
1. Deaf People Travel Too. There are an estimated 48 million deaf and hard of hearing people in America. The number of deaf and hard of hearing individuals and people with other disabilities worldwide is equal to the population of China. This does NOT include the number of friends and family including children who travel with us.
2. We Would Like to Access Onboard Entertainment Too. • • • more


Scala Language Type Variance Invariance
By default all type parameters are invariant - given trait A[B], we say that "A is invariant on B". This means that given two parametrizations A[Cat] and A[Animal], we assert no sub/superclass relationship between these two types - it does not hold that A[Cat] <: A[Animal] nor that A[Cat] >: A[Animal] regardless of the relationship between Cat and Animal.
Variance annotations provide us with a means of declaring such a relationship, and imposes rules on the usage of type parameters so that the relationship remains valid.