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You see memes everywhere on social media. Many of them are hilarious, others share heartfelt sentiments, and others can be deemed downright offensive. However, memes that normalize bad eating habits and behaviors have been openly criticized by academics after a letter was sent to a British parliamentary committee recently.
According to CNN, researchers from Loughborough University wrote in a letter in which they outlined how some memes might actually be encouraging teenage obesity. The letter was submitted by Dr. Ash Casey, Dr. Martin Sykora, Dr. Suzanne Elayan, Professor Tom Jackson, and Professor Lorraine Cale.
This letter was sent to a committee "analyzing the effects of social media use on young people's health." In the letter they suggested that such memes could "have the potential to normalize undesirable behaviors" and this is why they were speaking out on the matter. There was also the concern that these sorts of memes were making light of serious health issues.
In the letter, the researchers pointed out that some memes that are popular can encourage bad eating habits by normalizing obesity or other food-related issues. They used an example of the obese child image with the caption, "Free food? Count me in!"
"A substantial number of individuals on Twitter share health-related Internet memes, with both positive and negative messages," they wrote in the letter.
They also suggest that by normalizing such issues, teenagers could become apathetic to potential health issues that can arise from long-term obesity.
— Barstool Sports (_USER_) October 18, 2018
Some other memes that the researchers suggest could lead to teen obesity issues included a meme of a body made up of junk food standing next to images of standard bodies. This meme included the caption "Me" over the image of the person made from junk food.
"Just washed this chocolate bar with soap" was another meme also cited. This one included the hashtag _TAG_.
"Internet memes are generally viewed as entertaining but they also represent a body of cultural practice that does not account for the specific needs and rights of teenagers," the letter stated.
The researchers also suggest that the ill effects of such memes could eventually add further strain to the NHS bill every year.
As The Hill points out, the group of researchers is "calling for more investigation into the impact of memes and their impact on social policy initiatives." At this point in time, parliament has not publicly responded to their letter and it is unclear what form of action they will decide to take in the matter.


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International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
In this study, a passive Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) is investigated to dampen resonant motions of a Submerged Floating Tunnel (SFT) in waves and earthquakes. TMD is adopted to control resonant lateral motion. A time-domain dynamics simulation model that considers the elasticity of the tunnel and mooring lines is first established, which is based on the lumped mass method and Morison equation, and the SFT-TMD interaction is considered through springs and dampers. Next, by using the Harmony Search (HS) algorithm, TMD's spring and damping coefficients are optimized; the dynamics simulations under white noise seismic excitations are continuously carried out with updated spring and damping coefficients produced by HS rules until the designed maximum iteration number. The influence of TMD's mass is individually investigated through a parametric study. After the optimization process is completed, the global performances of SFT with and without TMD are systematically evaluated in both waves and earthquakes. It is found that TMD plays a crucial role in controlling SFT vibrations when environmental loads are close to the system's fundamental lateral natural frequency under both wave and seismic excitations. TMD also enhances the comfort of passengers and reduces static and dynamic mooring tensions.
Jin, Chungkuk; Kim, Sung-Jae; and Kim, MooHyun, "Vibration Control Of Submerged Floating Tunnel In Waves And Earthquakes Through Tuned Mass Damper" (2022). Ocean Engineering and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications. 48.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


What does BUTO stand for?
What does BUTO mean? This page is about the various possible meanings of the acronym, abbreviation, shorthand or slang term: BUTO.
We've found a total of 1 definition for BUTO:
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What does BUTO mean?
Buto, Butus, or Butosus, now Tell al-Fara'in near the city of Desouk, was an ancient city located 95 km east of Alexandria in the Nile Delta of Egypt. The city stood on the Sebennytic arm of the Nile, near its mouth, and on the southern shore of the Butic Lake. It is the modern Kem Kasir. Buto originally was two cities, Pe and Dep, which merged into one city that the Egyptians named Per-Wadjet. The goddess Wadjet was its local goddess, often represented as a cobra, and she was considered the patron deity of Lower Egypt. Her oracle was located in her renowned temple in that city. An annual festival held in the city celebrated Wadjet. Her image formed the royal crown, the Uraeus, worn by the rulers of Lower Egypt. It encircled their heads and the cobra flare and head extended from their foreheads. Wadjet was closely associated in the Egyptian pantheon with Bast the fierce goddess depicted as a lioness warrior and protector, a sun goddess whose eye later became the eye of Horus or the eye of Ra, the Lady of Flame. The city also contained a sanctuary of Horus and much later, became associated with Isis.
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Know what is BUTO? Got another good explanation for BUTO? Don't keep it to yourself!
"BUTO." Abbreviations.com. STANDS4 LLC, 2015. Web. 6 Oct. 2015. .


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I am creating a form that will be used as a survey. In one section, I am asking responders to answer questions with 4 locations. I would like to take those answers and insert them into future questions about those specific locations. How can I design a form or field that can do this?
You will have to write script to do this. After th euser fills out the first field (on th eexit event) you can script the name that they entered into subsequent objects. Each part of the object is exposed to you and it is simply a matter of calling the correct object property. Start by designing the form assuming they enter a specific value in the field. Then we can help you by seeing specifically which objects you want to use and what poperties would be required.


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The UC/L Structure groups CDs together to form defined areas according to population size criteria. The resulting areas are known as Urban Centres or Localities. Population counts (place of enumeration) from the latest Census of Population and Housing are used to define the UC/L Structure which means this classification structure is only current at the time of the Census. Both the Urban Centre and the Locality spatial units are made up of one or more contiguous CDs. As the UC/L Structure relates to CDs within defined areas only, the structure, in aggregate, does not cover all of Australia.
The UC/L Structure is used for the production of standard ABS statistical outputs from Population Censuses such as Selected Social and Housing Characteristics for Urban Centres and Localities (cat. nos 2016.0-7), CDATA 2001 (cat. nos 2019.0.30._PHONE_.8.30.001).
The UC/L Structure is separate from the Main Structure because:
The UC/L Structure is defined at Population Census times only. It comprises in ascending hierarchical order: CDs-Urban Centres/Localities.
- the boundaries do not generally coincide with SLAs and the higher level spatial units in the Main Structure
- its total area covers only part of Australia.
CDs within this structure are confined to those within defined Urban Centre and Locality boundaries. As a consequence, Urban Centres and Localities aggregate to cover only part of a state or territory and thus the structure covers part of Australia only.
Urban Centres may be bisected by an S/T boundary. Where this occurs each portion of the urban centre is separately identified and is included in the Urban Centre/Locality Structure for the relevant S/T. For example, the urban centre of Albury-Wodonga is partly in New South Wales and partly in Victoria. One part is shown under New South Wales and the other under Victoria.
Urban Centres and Localities are delimited by the use of actual population counts after each Census is conducted. The Urban Centres and Localities determined following the 2001 Census are listed in the publication Statistical Geography: Volume 3 - Australian Standard Geographical Classification (ASGC) Urban Centres/Localities, 2001 (cat. no. 2909.0).
In this table, Urban Centre and Locality names are listed alphabetically and UC/L codes are arranged in ascending numerical order within each S/T. The suffix (L) is shown after Locality names to distinguish Localities from Urban Centres.
THE SPATIAL UNITS
Census Collection District (CD)
For discussion about this spatial unit see Main Structure.
Urban Centre/Locality (UC/L)
In broad terms, an Urban Centre is a population cluster of 1,000 or more people while a Locality is a population cluster of between 200 and 999 people. For statistical purposes, people living in Urban Centres are classified as urban while those in Localities are classified as rural.
Each Urban Centre/Locality has a clearly defined boundary and comprises one or more whole CDs. Urban Centres/Localities are redefined at each Population Census.
Delimitation of Urban Centres and Localities
The delimitation criteria for UC/Ls are based on those developed in 1965 by Dr GJR Linge from the Australian National University. The criteria that are currently in force have been adopted and subsequently amended by the Conferences of Statisticians of Australia in 1965 and 1969 and the Review of ABS Statistical Geography in 1988.
Delimitation of Urban Centres with 20,000 or more people
The criteria are as follows:
Delimitation of Urban Centres with 1,000 to 19,999 people
Each Urban Centre with a population between 1,000 and 19,999 is to be delimited as follows:
- Each Urban Centre with a population of 20,000 or more is to consist of a cluster of contiguous urban CDs and other urban areas. CDs classified as urban include the following:
- All contiguous CDs which have a population density of 200 or more persons per square kilometre shall be classified as urban. Consequently State, SD, LGA and other administrative boundaries shall be disregarded in determining whether a CD should be included within the Urban Centre.
- A CD consisting mainly of land used for factories, airports, small sports areas, cemeteries, hostels, institutions, prisons, military camps or certain research stations shall be classified as urban if contiguous with CDs which are themselves urban.
- A CD consisting mainly of land used for large sporting areas, large parks, explosives handling and munitions areas, or holding yards associated with meatworks and abattoirs shall be classified as urban only if it is bordered on three sides by CDs which are themselves classified as urban.
- Any area which is completely surrounded by CDs which are urban must itself be classified as urban.
- Where an Urban Centre of 20,000 or more population is separated from another urban area by a gap in urban development of less than three kilometres (by the shortest railway or road distance), the gap shall be bridged by classifying a connecting CD as urban, and therefore treating the urban areas as one. If the gap is three or more kilometres (and whether or not it is comprised mainly of reserved land or a natural barrier) the urban areas shall remain separate.
- Any area included in an Urban Centre in 1971 or thereafter under the provisions of these criteria shall continue to be so included, unless the population of the Urban Centre falls below 20,000, in which case these criteria will cease to apply.
- If a CD was incorrectly included (for whatever reason) in a Linge area at a previous census, then it should be excluded at the next census unless it now meets the criteria.
- Large peripheral CDs in growth areas may be fragmented; and insofar as the availability of visible boundary features allows, the fragments so created shall be as near square-shaped as possible, contain at least 100 persons at the next census and be of such a size that they will contain a collector's workload when fully developed. For the purpose of delimiting Urban Centres such fragments shall be regarded as CDs.
Delimitation of Localities
Localities are to be delimited as follows:
- The Urban Centre shall be delimited subjectively by the inspection of aerial photographs, by field inspection and/or by consideration of any other information that is available.
- All contiguous urban growth is to be included (even if this would not necessarily occur if the density criterion were applied), together with any close but non-contiguous development which could be clearly regarded as part of the Urban Centre. However, for Urban Centres which contain a population approaching 20,000 the objective criteria applied for Urban Centres with 20,000 people should also be considered.
Guidelines for the drawing of subjectively determined UC/L boundaries are as follows:
- All population clusters of less than 1,000 population and whose population is expected to reach 200 by the next census are to be examined for boundary delineation.
- The following criteria must be satisfied before a boundary is drawn around a Locality. It must:
- contain a non-farm population of at least 200 people but not more than 999 by the next census
- have a minimum of 40 occupied non-farm dwellings with a discernible urban street pattern
- have a discernible nucleus of population.
- If there is some doubt that a Locality will reach the minimum population of 200 people then a boundary should still be drawn around the Locality.
- Where, in the case of defence camps, construction camps, etc. it is anticipated that the cluster will not exist at two consecutive censuses, these camps should not be bounded.
- The Localities shall be delimited subjectively, by the use of the latest available aerial photographs, by field inspection and/or by consideration of any other information that is available.
UC/L name and code
When Urban Centres cross S/T boundaries, the separate portions of the Urban Centre are uniquely identified and reported in their relevant S/T.
- Wide rather than narrow boundaries are to be used to ensure inclusion of all urban or built-up areas. Some rural area can be included in an Urban Centre, if necessary, to ensure that the boundary encompasses all the urban area. However, this guideline should be interpreted in the light of the ones that follow.
- Continuity of urban development is a major consideration. Boundaries are not to be thrown very wide just to include some small non-contiguous area of urban development. (The Linge criterion of three kilometres may be of assistance in this respect in larger Urban Centres of say greater than 10,000-15,000 population).
- Where the subjective boundaries decided upon are contained within a municipal boundary and the remaining area or population is small, the municipal boundary is to be used.
- For previously bounded cities, towns or localities the boundaries are not to be changed lightly. Comparability is to be maintained with the past unless there are significant exclusions (either due to faulty boundaries at the previous census or subsequent development).
- When considering urban land usage, recognition should be given to approved plans.
- Topographic boundaries must be used wherever possible when they are consistent with the above guidelines.
UC/Ls are identified by a five-digit code which is only unique within each State/Territory. Use of UC/L codes in conjunction with S/T codes is necessary before these codes become unique across Australia.
The codes 00000 and 99999 are reserved as Rural Balance and Off-Shore and Migratory codes, respectively, for the S/Ts NSW, Vic., Qld, SA, WA, Tas. and NT.
The code 99999 is not applicable for the ACT or the OT as off-shore


HSPHERE: When Do I Pay?
Upon the account activation, a new billing period opens. It determines how far in advance recurrent fees for billing period resources are prepaid. Accounting for such resources as traffic, disk usage, MySQL and PGSQL quotas is determined not by billing periods as it is for the rest resources, but by a billing month. It equals the number of days in the billing period divided by billing period duration in months.
A new billing period/month opens:
- when your account is activated upon signup or moderation
- when the previous billing period closes
- when the previous billing month closes (valid only for billing month)
- when you change to billing period shorter than the time elapsed from the begining of a current one
- when your start billing date is changed by admin.
Changing Billing Period
Your hosting plan may be configured to allow you to switch between billing periods of different length, price and discount policies. To change your billing period, go to Account - > Quick Access and click the Change icon next to Billing Period in the Statistics section. You will be taken to the page with a drop-down box that lists all the billing periods you can switch between.
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Introduction to costing in the NHS
20 January 2021
Online (10:15-14:00)
About this event
This event will provide delegates with an introduction to costing, why we cost and will provide some insight into the costing process. You will hear about the National Cost Collections (formerly the Costing Transformation Programme) and the importance of accurate costing information to the wider NHS. The day will conclude with a case study example of how costing information can be used to help inform strategic decision making.
Why should you attend
Delegates will learn about costing in the NHS, the NCC and hear how costing can support in making improvements to patient care. The event has been designed specifically for those new to costing or those that will benefit from an overview of costing and its role in the NHS.
Register today
To confirm book onto the event or to check whether your organisation is a member of the Institute, please email


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Sometimes, we want to display loading image or animation or text when fire every ajax request. In not for only one ajax request, but if you want to load image on every ajax request then you can do that using bellow example.
I use ajaxStart() and ajaxComplete() function for show image until All POST or GET Ajax request. this both function will execute one each $.ajax request.
If you are very fresher in jquery and you don't know how to work post ajax request then bellow example can help you. i gave you the example of POST ajax request with json, you can also easily modify this example. you also fire GET ajax request using this example. bellow example is a pretty simple to undestand how to work $.ajax method. so let's see bellow example and try to undestand.
JQuery Ajax Demo


I'm sure you've heard of the expression "patient zero" in the past.
It's a term used to refer to the first patient linked to a condition.
But did you know that the very first "Patient Zero" was a French Canadian?
READ ALSO: Video Showing How Apocalyptic Montreal's Traffic Is Right Now
Gaëtan Dugas was a man from Quebec city who worked as a flight attendant for Air Canada, and for years it was believed (this has been refuted) that he was responsible for initially bringing HIV to North America.
In 1984, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention determined that Gaëtan Dugas was at the center of a network of sexual partners who were infected with HIV.
The theory seemed so plausible. After all, Dugas traveled the world because of his job and was apparently extremely sexually active, having had over 25,000 sexual partners.
Dugas was referred to as "Patient o", as in the letter, not the number "zero". The "o" stood for "outside the area" because Dugas was from Quebec, but for some reason people interpreted it as a "zero" so the term "patient zero" was coined.
The rumor that Dugas was the cause of the virus became widespread. There were even books written about it where Dugas was portrayed as a sociopath who was intentionally infecting people.
People believed this fact for decades, which meant that Quebec was technically being held responsible for bringing HIV to America.
And that's probably not something we would want to be famous for.
But finally, in May 2016, a group of researchers conducted a study on blood samples from gay and bisexual men in the 70s and found that Dugas was not the source of the virus. The strain he was infected was present in the US before Dugas's arrival.
And since the study that named Dugas as Patient Zero didn't have any actual scientific data to back it up, after more than 30 years, Gaëtan Dugas's name was finally cleared.
Click here for more information.
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Do we need an 'insurance policy' for tax reform?
Mar. 30, 2013 | Comments
Barry Erwin
Barry Erwin
 - Filed Under
The Revenue Estimating Conference has been in place for almost 25 years. It's the mechanism state government uses to project revenues for budgeting purposes and it has proven to be a good reform that has greatly benefited the state. The process is pretty straightforward. An economist from the Division of Administration and another one from the Legislative Fiscal Office work independent of each other to develop forecasts of how much revenue state government will take in each year.
They don't collude on the numbers and they use different modeling techniques to arrive at their conclusions. They also revise their estimates through the course of the budget year and they present all their data to the four-member Revenue Estimating Conference which picks one of the forecasts to be the state's official forecast for that time period.
Generally, most would agree that the Revenue Estimating Conference process has been a good one, and as a result the state has experienced very few real deficits over the years and those that have occurred have been relatively small. But longtime watchers of the Revenue Estimating Conference also note that throughout the course of a budget year, the revenue forecasts can often swing, sometimes significantly.
As one of the economists for the Revenue Estimating Conference notes in an assessment of the Conference's performance, variations like that are to be expected as more data becomes available and legislative actions are taken into account. But there is no doubt that initial forecasts have proven less accurate than later forecasts.
The assessment also notes that historically large errors have been associated with economic cycles, such as the one the country is going though now. "The forecasting process is expected to deal with economic cycles," the report notes, "although, forecasting will rarely deal with these cycles accurately."
So what does this have to do with the tax reform proposal? Simply that in Louisiana our own experience with revenue forecasting indicates it's not an exact science, certain things are unpredictable and accuracy improves with additional data, particularly data from actual tax collections. But even with all that, sometimes we get it wrong. This is a critical point as we embark on the tax reform debate.
Margin of error
In the revenue forecasting business no one gets it right all the time and accuracy depends on many factors. Given that reality, it would seem prudent as we go through the tax reform process to 1) allow ourselves some margin of error in our predictions and 2) develop a mechanism to make adjustments if the increases in sales tax revenues generated under the plan don't fully cover the losses of revenue triggered by the elimination of income taxes. There are a couple of reasons why CABL believes this makes sense.
In predicting the revenues generated by the proposed increased sales tax rate there is a great deal of room for uncertainty. For one thing, there's the question of how a higher rate will impact consumer behavior. Will consumers buy less if products or services cost more? To what degree will businesses use perfectly legal and totally expected tax avoidance measures to limit their
sales tax liability on the goods and services they purchase? And, perhaps most importantly, while economic modeling will no doubt be used to predict various consumer responses, how confident are we that they will capture them accurately? Particularly, with regard to myriad services that have never been taxed before.
We should probably anticipate the need for some type of transition from the old system to the new one. The governor's plan indicates the tax change will occur all at once on Jan. 1, 2014. As PAR and others have indicated, that's a short time frame and a lot of rules and regulations will have to be promulgated and approved to spell out more clearly which kinds of new services will be taxed and which ones will not. As past experience with the Stelly tax swap indicates, even a relatively simple change like eliminating the sales tax on food for home consumption can cause considerable confusion in the marketplace for a time. This tax swap would be vastly more complicated, particularly for businesses, and they will need time to understand the new rules and implement them properly. In the meantime, errors and mistakes are to be expected.
There are a number of other observations that could be made, but the point is there is a tremendous amount riding on the ability of the revenue forecasters, whoever they may be, to get the numbers right. And there's ample reason to expect that with the complexity involved in this type of restructuring there will be mistakes.
If the revenue predictions err on the side of bringing in more revenue than expected, that doesn't create much of a problem for the state as lawmakers could always reduce taxes if they choose to bring things back to revenue neutrality. But if they don't bring in as much revenue as expected, that could create a self-inflicted budget crisis that would be hard to repair.
Louisiana is now in the midst of five years of state budget cuts. The chairman of the House Appropriations Committee recently warned that we haven't hit bottom yet and future budget cuts can be expected. Consider for a moment what would happen if after the tax swap revenues fall short of expectations. That would mean that a reduction in revenues due to the loss of expected taxes would be compounded on top of budget cuts we're already anticipating. Higher education and health care would most likely be the most dramatically impacted if recent history is any indication. No one wants to see that happen.
So what do we do? As mentioned before, if revenues come in too high, lawmakers can cut taxes if they choose. If they come in too low, will they raise taxes to make up for it? They may have little choice. If so, which taxes? We won't have an income tax and we have to recognize politically that if we ever do eliminate that tax it will likely never be re-instated. So that's not an option. That pretty much leaves just a handful of other alternatives to consider.
We could again raise sales taxes, but if we do, we would be adding that on top of what would already be the highest sales tax rate in the country. That doesn't seem like a good option. We could perhaps further broaden the sales tax base, but that would skew the winners and losers from the original plan and could make the tax even more regressive depending on how it would be implemented. Or we could create some kind of new business tax, but that would seem to defeat part of the purpose of enacting the tax swap in the first place.
Barry Erwin is president of the Council for a Better Louisiana in Baton Rouge.
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Conventional Drilling Recorder
Matherne Instrumentation's drilling recorder system is designed to monitor up to 7 drilling functions. The system is completely mechanical, needs no electrical power to operate, and is easily connected to existing instrumentation through the use of quick disconnects. The system is portable, durable, and easily operated and maintained by onsite personnel.
The system includes recorder, recorder stand, box of charts, 2 derrick pulleys, dog house pulley, retriever for rate of penetration function, hydraulic and air hoses, air valve, E/P transducers for RPM/SPM function,mounting plate, filter regulator, hook ups for rotary torque, and diaphragm protector for pump pressure function.
- Duplicate 12-hour or 24-hour strip charts in English, metric, or SI metric measurements.
- Available in 1-, 3-, 5-, or 7-pen configurations.
- Weight – detects downhole problems such as tight holes or cave-ins as they occur.
- Penetration – indicates each 1 foot and 5 foot depth drilled (or each 1/3 meter and 1 meter).
- Rotary RPM – enables optimum penetration.
- Rotary Torque – alerts operator about problems such as worn bits, formation changes, and out-of-gauge holes.
- Pump Rate SPM – ensures accurate calculations of fluid volume pumped into the system. When used with other records, can help predict kick areas for offset wells.
- Pump Pressure – provides warning of potential downhole problems.
- Pit Level – indicates problems such as kicks or lost circulation.
- Fluid Flow – warns of lost circulation, formation fluid influx, or kicks.
- Number of Functions
- Description of Functions
- Type of Rotary Table (Chain Driven or Top Drive)
- Sensors Required
- 12 or 24 Hour Charts
- Units of Measure (English, metric, or SI)
Download the Drilling Recorders brochure Matherne PDF


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Electronic International Standard Serial Number (EISSN)
Special Issue on Papers from the 1st International Conference on Structural Adhesive Bonding (AB2011), Porto, Portugal, 7-8 July 2011. The Journal of Adhesion. [Resumen]. The inclusion of particles (nano or micro) is a method to improve the mechanical properties, such as toughness, of structural adhesives. Structural adhesives are known for their high strength and stiffness but also for their low ductility and toughness. There are many processes described in the literature to increase the toughness, one of the most common being the use of rubber particles. In the present study, natural micro particles of cork were used with the objective to increase the impact resistance of a brittle epoxy adhesive. The idea is for the cork particles to act like crack stoppers and absorb impact leading to higher absorption of energy. The influence of the cork particle size and amount were studied. Particles of cork ranging from 38 to 250 µm were mixed in the epoxy adhesive Araldite® 2020 from Huntsman. The amount of cork in the adhesive was varied between 1 and 5% by weight. Surface treatment (low pressure plasma) was applied to the cork powder to assess the effect of the interaction adhesive-cork with several degrees of adhesion. This evaluation was made using impact tests and it was evident that impact absorption was related to the size and amount of cork particles in the resin, considering a uniform particle distribution.


An annotation that designates that an annottee should not be referred to after type checking (which includes macro expansion).
Examples of potential use: 1) The annottee can only appear in the arguments of some other macro that will eliminate it from the AST during expansion. 2) The annottee is a macro and should have been expanded away, so if hasn't, something wrong has happened. (Comes in handy to provide better support for new macro flavors, e.g. macro annotations, that can't be expanded by the vanilla compiler).
Value Params
the error message to print during compilation if a reference remains after type checking
class Object
trait Matchable
class Any


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ArcGIS Enterprise on Amazon Web Services and the AWS Management Console
The Amazon Web Services (AWS) Management Console is a web application that you can use to administer the Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) instances and other resources that you have created on AWS. Typically, you use ArcGIS Enterprise on Amazon Web Services deployment tools to create deployments and then you use the AWS Management Console to prepare resources and accomplish advanced administrative tasks such as adjusting security group rules or attaching more storage to your instances.
For information on which browser version to use with AWS Management Console, see the AWS documentation.
Advanced users who require more specialized configurations can create deployments using the AWS Management Console. In many cases, you can create EC2 instances using an Esri ArcGIS Enterprise Amazon Machine Image (AMI), which includes ArcGIS Enterprise software. Or, if you require a different operating system, for example, you may create EC2 instances from a different AMI and install and configure ArcGIS Enterprise on these instances.
Creating a deployment using the AWS Management Console is a multistep process that requires architectural planning and an understanding of Amazon Web Services.
The following is a summary example of a basic workflow to deploy ArcGIS Enterprise using the AWS Management Console and an Esri AMI. The approach you take may vary based on your deployment needs.
 1. Prepare to deploy on AWS.
 - Create an Amazon account and make sure it includes EC2 access.
 - The first time you use a new Amazon Machine Image, accept AWS Marketplace terms.
 - Create Amazon security groups for ArcGIS, configuring at least one security group that allows remote access.
 - For ArcGIS Enterprise deployments on a single EC2 instance, configure an Amazon Elastic IP address and map a fully qualified domain name to the IP address. Create the Elastic IP address in the same Amazon region as your deployment.
 - For deployments that include multiple machines (multiple EC2 instances), create Elastic Load Balancers (Classic) in the same Amazon region as your deployment. Create CNAME DNS mappings for each load balancer.
 2. Launch an AWS instance to create a base ArcGIS Enterprise deployment or a highly available portal and connect to the instance to license software.
 3. Create the ArcGIS Server roles you require and federate them with the portal.
 - Launch an EC2 instance for each federated server site you require. Use the same Esri AMI you used to create the portal.
 - Federate each site with the portal.
 4. If your users will publish services that reference registered data, set up a place to store your data on AWS.
 5. Move your data to AWS.
 6. Customize security on your AWS instances.
 7. Configure the ArcGIS Enterprise portal to meet your organization's needs.
 8. Prepare your production environment.
This help system describes many of the steps summarized above. Another helpful resource is the Amazon Web Services documentation, which explains how to use the AWS Management Console and how to program with Amazon Web Services.


effects can't be discarded. Use Close instead of Cancel for primary windows.
 - Use for windows in which users can't make changes.
Alt+F4, Ctrl+F4
StopStop a currently running task and close the window. Any work in progress or side effects are not discarded.
 - Use when work in progress and any side effects can't or won't be discarded, typically with progress bars or animations.
ApplyIn owner property sheets: apply the pending changes (made since the window was opened or the last Apply), but leave the window open. Doing so allows users to evaluate the changes before closing the property sheet. In owned property sheets: don't use.
 - Use only in property sheets.
 - Provide an Apply button only if the property sheet has settings (at least one) with effects that users can evaluate in a meaningful way. Typically, Apply buttons are used when settings make visible changes. Users should be able to apply a change, evaluate the change, and make further changes based on that evaluation. If not, remove the Apply button instead of disabling it.
NextIn wizards and multi-step tasks: advance to the next step without committing to the task.
 - Use only in wizards and multi-step tasks to advance to the next step without commitment.
 - The effect of a Next button can always be undone by clicking Back.
FinishIn wizards and multi-step tasks: close the window. If the task hasn't been performed yet, perform the task. If that task has already been performed, any changes or side effects are not discarded.
 - Use only in wizards and multi-step tasks. However, the use of Finish is discouraged because there is usually a better, more specific commit button:
 - If clicking the button commits to the task (so the task hasn't already been performed), use a specific label that starts with a verb (examples: Print, Connect, Start) that is a response to the main instruction.
 - If the task has already been performed within the wizard, use Close instead.
 - However, you can use Finish when:
 - The specific label is still generic, such as Save, Select, Choose, or Get.
 - The task involves changing a setting or collection of settings.
DoneNot applicable.
 - Don't use. Done as a command is grammatically incorrect.
Not applicable.
© 2014 Microsoft. All rights reserved.


Tuesday, June 5, 2007
Tracking runs with FavoriteRun
I've recently discovered a website called FavoriteRun which allows you to enter routes that you run and also enter activity. I've been using it for about a week now, and it's certainly a convenient way to log all of your runs. Here are the features of the site I've used so far:
Creating a new route
It's pretty straight-forward to create a new route. You'll enter a name for the route, which is the only required field, followed by the city, state, and country that the route is in. There's also a field for you to enter a description of the route into. Following that is a field for the type of route. Your choices are running, cycling, walking, other, hiking, and triathlon. You can also set the route to private or upload pictures.
Finally, there's a map, centered on the location you enter as your starting point when you sign up. You simply click on the map to create a waypoint. Create a second waypoint to create a leg. Be sure to create waypoints at bends in the road if the route is along one, otherwise the leg will be a straight line between your waypoints. If this the route is a loop, just keep entering waypoints along the way until you're back at the start. If you want to run a route that takes you to a location then back along the same path, once you're at the end waypoint, you can click on "Route Back to Start" to do so for you. And if you create a waypoint in error, you can click it to remove it. Once you are satisfied with the route, click on "Save."
Log an Activity
It's also pretty straightforward to log an activity. First, you chose the type of activity from a list of the same types available for creating a route. Then, enter a duration. It's a required field, but you can leave it at all zeros if you'd like. The next required field is the distance, or you can optionally choose a route from a dropdown to fill it in automatically. You can also enter a description, the date and time, and whether to set the activity as public or not.
The final option I've used, though there are many more options available with a free account, is option to view my logs. This shows all the activities that I've entered in a nice report, including my pace for each activity if I didn't leave the duration as all zeros when I entered it.
Overall, not a bad site for keeping track of your running (or other activity). There are lots of other features that I haven't checked out yet, and even more if you upgrade your account to a premium membership. You can upgrade your account for $2.49 per month or $11.95 per year, which includes a bunch of features that look useful. Even with the free account, it sure beats logging everything on paper.
(Update: Please note that this is *NOT* a sponsored post.)
 1. I've been using RunningAhead.com or fetcheveryone.com. RA's got a smooth and easy to use googlemap based router planner. Fetch has the community. Both are totally free.
 Both log non-running activities as cross training. Both have graphs coming out of their ears.
 2. Awesome. I'll have to check those out and do a follow-up post :)


Analogous to nCRP and nDP, nCRF is a marginalisation of nHDP. The metaphor based on CRP and CRF to understand this process is slightly different: There are multiple cities, and each city has infinite restaurants with infinite table. The card on the table has the name of another restaurant in the same city as with nCRP. However, there are also an infinite number of menus organised using nCRP. The tree structures for all cities and menus are the same. A customer visiting a city dines first at the root restaurant and again chooese a table using nCRP. But this time, the meal is ordered from the menu (at the same position of the infinite tree) according to popularity as determined by CRF. Hence, nCRF combined with CRF helps to share the menus between restaurants, and nCRP helps to build the hierarchy.
Indian Buffet Process (IBP). Marginalising a BP through,
\begin{equation} \begin{aligned} IBP(X) = \int P(X|B) \mathrm{d} B,\,\, B \sim BP, \end{aligned} \end{equation}
where the mixing measure $B$ comes from a BP. The basic IBP can be found in References [77, 78]. The metaphor for IBP is as follows: There is an Indian buffet restaurant with infinite number of dishes. The first customer walks into this restaurant and picks $\text{Poisson}(\alpha)$ number of dishes. The $i$th customer follows the former customers and picks an formerly selected dish with a probability of $\frac{n_k}{i}$, where $n_k$ is the number of customers picking dish $k$, and then she picks $\text{Poisson}(\frac{\alpha }{i})$ number of new dishes that no one has chosen them before. The customer-dish selection from such procedure has been proven to be a sample from $\text{IBP}(\alpha)$. In machine learning, IBP is often used as the prior for a binary matrix with an unfixed number of columns, which is especially suitable for the factor analysis.
Nested Indian Buffet Process (nIBP) [31]. Similar to nCRP, a nested version of IBP is able to build a hierarchy where each layer is composed of a number of IBPs (i.e., the number of features in IBPs at the up-layer). Continuing the metaphor, there are infinite number of Indian buffet restaurants in a city, each has an infinite number of dishes, and a card with the address of another restaurant in the same city next to each dish. Hence, the restaurants in this city are organised as an infinite tree structure. A customer who visits the root restaurant in this city and chooses dishes using the IBP strategy but uses a layer-dependent probability $\text{Poisson}(\frac{\alpha /\ell }{i})$ to choose any new dishes. The next day, the customer will visit all the restaurants on the cards next to her chosen dishes. Note that a customer can go to multiple restaurants with nIBP, rather than only a single one in nCRP.
After building an appropriate Bayesian nonparametric models for a specific task, the next step is to infer the latent variables defined in the model (more accurately, the posterior joint distribution of latent variables), given an amount of observed data. To obtain the posterior distribution, there are two main methodologies: sampling-based (i.e., Markov chain Monte Carlo) and optimisation-based (i.e., Variational inference). The most straightforward candidate for the Bayesian model posterior inference is Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) (e.g., Gibbs sampling), which has also been widely adopted for Bayesian nonparametric models. The basic idea of MCMC [3] is to approximate a (posterior) distribution from its samples. To obtain the samples, a Markov chain is constructed with its stationary distribution as the desired (posterior) distribution. Figure 6(a) illustrates this idea, where the bins are the count of samples in the corresponding support areas. It is clear that more samples means a more accurate approximation. Although the Monte Carlo Markov chain (MCMC) methodology can, in theory, derive the exact posterior distribution of the latent variables, it is inefficient. As illustrated in Figure 6(b), an alternative for BNL is variational inference [10]. This methodology uses a set of (often simpler, independent and parameterised) variational distributions to approximate the real posterior distribution. This approach transforms a posterior distribution inference problem into a high-dimensional optimisation problem. With the help of gradients, this method can efficiently explore the parameter space of the variational distributions to approximate the desired posterior distribution as much as possible. In general, MCMC has better theoretical distribution approximation accuracy than variational inference when a sufficient number of samples are obtained, because introducing the variational distributions will introduce additional unnecessary approximation errors that do not exist in MCMC. In the case of big data, variational inference is more efficient than MCMC because obtaining sufficient samples in MCMC is very time-consuming and hard to evaluate. Yet gradient-based variational inference is able to explore the parameter space efficiently. The existing works for basic processes in the current literature on BNL literature are summarised below and in Table 2.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. The illustration and comparison of the ideas of two posterior inferences: (a) MCMC and (b) variational inference.
Table 2. Existing Inference Algorithms for Popular Stochastic Processes in BNL
Stochastic Process Slice VI SMC EP Scalable
Dirichlet Process $\surd$ [97] $\surd$ [9] $\surd$ [20] $\surd$ [113]
Beta Process $\surd$ [14] $\surd$ [19]
Gamma Process $\surd$ [145]
Hierarchical Dirichlet Process $\surd$ [176] $\surd$ [155]
Indian Buffet Process $\surd$ [44] $\surd$ [182] $\surd$ [42]
Slice is short for slice sampling; VI for Variational inference; SMC for Sequential Monte Carlo; EP for Expectation Propagation.
5.1 Markov Chain Monte Carlo
While the (countably) infinite nature of BNL enables great modelling power, it also brings a challenge on model inference in that an infinite number of factors and weights make the posterior inference of the latent variables much harder. One commonly accepted solution in BNL is the truncation method [62, 181], which sets the component number so large that the given data would only adopt a subset of them, but it does introduce an approximation error. Another successful technique to resolve this problem is data/variable augmentation [160, 172], also known as Slice Sampling [39, 126]. The existing Bayesian nonparametric models that use the slice sampling method for model inference are summarised below.
Slice Sampling for DP. A realisation from DP can be represented as $G=\sum _{k=1}^{\infty } \pi _k \delta _{\theta _k}$, where $\pi _k$ are (a countably infinite number of) stick weights. The slice sampling for DP [97] introduces an auxiliary variable $u_i \sim \text{Unif}(0, \pi _{k_i})$, which functions as an adaptive truncation for the data $i$, and then only needs to sample $\pi \gt u_i$ for data $i$.
Slice Sampling for BP. Instead of the fixed range used in DP, a positive decay function $f : \lim _{k \rightarrow \infty } f(\pi _k) = 0$ controls the support for the auxiliary variable $u_k \sim \text{Unif}(0, f(\pi _k))$ [14]. Compared to the function used in DP, the decay function is more flexible and more applicable to many other models.
5.2 Variational Inference
Using variational inference involves two important components: setting variational distributions and choosing optimisation methods. Clearly setting the variational distribution can significantly reduce the additional approximation error and appropriate optimisation methods can boost the inference efficiency and adapt to the complex scenarios, e.g., large-scale and streaming data. Existing work on variational inference for BNL is summarised below.
Ordinary Variational Inference. The form of variational inference for BNL is based on a stick-breaking representation where the latent variables in this representation include stick weights, atom parameters, and data assignment indexes. Since stochastic processes such as DP [9, 106] and GaP [145] have the potential to produce an infinite number of atoms, we have opted for a truncation method to ensure that only a finite number of atoms need to be approximated with a finite number of mean-field (latent variable) distributions. Other similar works have been applied for HDP [9], IBP [44], and nCRP [174].
Collapsed Variational Inference. As stated, there are normally three groups of latent variables in BNL (i.e., stick weights, atom parameters, and data assignment indexes). Sometimes stick weights could be marginalised out to make the inferences of DP [105] and HDP [147, 168] more accurate and efficient.
Online/Stochastic Variational Inference. Instead of coordinate-ascent optimisation that is not efficient for large datasets because a full pass of all the data at each iteration is required, stochastic optimisation is used to update the variational parameters [15, 176]. At each iteration, a


text:
When temperatures drop and days get shorter, trees start to prepare for the cold of the winter. How do different kinds of trees adapt to the cold? Take a closer look at trees and get children to investigate the seasonal changes!
An African-American grandmother interweaves stories of her family's ancestry and culture as she shows her granddaughter how to weave a traditional Gullah basket.
Teachers, kindergartners and 5th graders share their experiences using PLT activities like Every Tree for Itself, Tree Cookies, Renewable or Not, and Web of Life while on a field trip to Gully Branch tree farm in Georgia.
Trace a tree's life events using "tree cookies," the cross sections of trees.
Help students visualize and better understand the function of the inner parts of a tree trunk by creating this easy-to-make visual aid.
Try these teaching ideas to provide students with different learning styles and abilities multiple avenues to acquire and process content.
Project Learning Tree activities are excellent tools to teach life skills. At a summer leadership camp in Georgia, students learned about leadership, teamwork, and volunteerism.


text:
DIY paintings, paint with resin. Resin sequins unique luster dazzling. Shining in the light, it is the most popular DIY decorations.
Material: Keyboard + Resin Diamond
Type of diamond: Full drill
DIY Diamond painting production steps:
1. Open the box and check the diamond draw special tools
2. View the resin diamond color, arranged in order of coding
3. Uncover tape drawing above, you will see a lot of symbols corresponding to the color coding
4. According to the corresponding color coded clamp the corresponding the resin inlaid diamonds
5. Suggested that one type of the resin diamond one set completed faster
6. In order to create a perfect diamond painting, drawings put together in one place every row symbols do not have to stay stuck diamonds
7. To cut a good figure on the drawings hold sorted array mounted to the plane of the material above
8. Splices need flat against the neat, do not have cracks
9. After a good fight, the rest of the gap at the glue corresponding symbols of diamonds
10. To complete a good diamond drawing, put it in your selection of a suitable framework (this product does not provide a framework)
This is DIY diamond painting, not finished, and you need to finish it yourself. All products are manual measurement, please allow 1-2cm deviation.
Because the light is different from the screen, the color of the item may be slightly different from the picture. Please understand.
5 X Keyrings
1 X Diamond Painting Tool (Drill Pen, Speed up Plate)


Top Paying Jobs In The World
It can be very hard to give a comprehensive answer when asked which profession is most specific in the world today. Every country has it is own priorities depending on the education system and the culture. Some countries are known for mining while others are known for technology. Therefore, it can be hard to give a general answer regarding the best paying jobs.
Athletes and entertainers are earning a lot of money though it is hard to convince common folks that such talents can be a profession. We often take education specializations as the only professions that are can earn us a decent income. However, there are common highest paying jobs for most commoners. In that regard, here are some of the common top paying jobs in the world.
SurgeonsThese are individuals that are specialized to carry out surgeries. Surgery is broad and every surgeon has his or her own specialization. They are well-trained physicians who carry out surgeries on our body parts. Some of the specializations include; cosmetics, general body organ, orthopedic, and several others. Most of these surgeries help the individuals to garner up to $200000 USD annually.
With the ever-growing population of many countries around the world, there are many babies being born daily. That is the main reason why OBs or GYNs have high salaries. They help to deliver an average of about seven babies per day. In most countries, gynecologists earn up to $204,000 USD annually.
Orthodontists are specialized in the dentistry area which is often associated with problems in the mouth where common dentists are not able to handle. These individuals are also responsible for the kids' braces. There annual estimated salary in most countries ranges around $200,000 USD.
Psychiatrists are individuals who are specialized in taking care of mentally ill or challenged people. This job has many severe dangers and hazards and as well mentally exhausting. A veteran can garner up to $177,000 USD per year.
Software engineer
A software engineer is someone who is responsible for developing programs to solve our day to day problems. With the ever-growing technology, there is a high demand for IT experts who are great at developing creative software. These individuals earn a lot of money per year. Their approximate earnings in a year are about $120,000 USD.
Chief Executive Officer
There are millions of companies around the world. And every company must have its chief executive officer who is responsible for all the activities going on it that company. CEO as most call them to earn a lot of money. Some of the companies that pay their CEOs high include telecommunication companies, software development companies, computer manufacturers and many others. They can earn up to 200, 000 USD in one year.
Attorneys or Lawyer
web developerWhen you are having legal issues the right person to approach is a qualified attorney or lawyer. Their job is to defend and represents their clients in the court of law. They represent filthy rich business people, companies, and the common citizen. They have law firms that offer legal services to people. They earn approximately $129,0000 annually.…


text:
Reduces the size of the backup and restore history tables by deleting the entries for backup sets older than the specified date. Additional rows are added to the backup and restore history tables after each backup or restore operation is performed; therefore, we recommend that you periodically execute sp_delete_backuphistory.
The backup and restore history tables reside in the msdb database.
|Applies to: SQL Server ( SQL Server 2008 through current version).|
sp_delete_backuphistory [ _USER_ = ] 'oldest_date'
[ _USER_= ] 'oldest_date'
Is the oldest date retained in the backup and restore history tables. oldest_date is datetime, with no default.
Return Code Values
0 (success) or 1 (failure)
sp_delete_backuphistory must be run from the msdb database and affects the following tables:
The physical backup files are preserved, even if all the history is deleted.
Requires membership in the sysadmin fixed server role, but permissions can be granted to other users.
The following example deletes all entries that are older than January 14, 2010, 12:00 A.M. in the backup and restore history tables.
USE msdb; GO EXEC sp_delete_backuphistory _USER_ = '01/14/2010';


text:
Drawing effects that need to store multiple data elements per-pixel is not an easy task, when you consider an architecture as rigid as highly parallel GPU subsystem. It is even more so, when you want to put irregular number of data elements (e.g. fragments) per-pixel. Current methods often suffer from the low performance pitfalls of non-regular memory references. See how d-buffer storage scheme can help composing your multiple, irregular in terms of per-pixel count fragments into hardware friendly regular data structure. All with the help of GL_ARB_shader_image_load_store, GL_ARB_shader_atomic_counters or simply core OpenGL 4.2.
Aug 16, 2011 | Category: Developers •


text:
Teenagers' reading skills are not good enough to understand a GCSE exam paper, a new study has claimed.
It suggests that on average, a student's reading age was around five years below that required for a GCSE exam.
The study, by educational software company Renaissance Learning, looked at the results of reading tests taken by around 24,500 pupils aged 14 to 16.
It then analysed the reading level required to understand a number of randomly selected GCSE exam papers and materials by using a programme which looked at average sentence length, word length, word difficulty level and and the number of words in a book or passage.
The study found the average reading age required for the exam papers was 15 years and seven months - approximately the right age for a teenager sitting their GCSE exams.
But the results of the reading tests showed that a teenager's actual average reading age was around 10 years and seven months - a gap of five years.
Dirk Foch, managing director of Renaissance Learning said the results were "alarming". He said: "By GCSE level, most educators make the basic assumption that students are able to read and comprehend an exam text. It's clear from this research that this is not a safe assumption to make.
"Most students have a reading age significantly below the level that GCSE texts are being aimed at meaning some students are not only failing to access the curriculum, but they are failing to comprehend key course and exam texts."
A Department for Education spokeswoman said: "For far too long, too many children have not been reaching the expected levels of reading at a young age, have not caught up, and have then struggled in secondary school and beyond.
"That is why we are prioritising the teaching of systematic synthetic phonics in primary schools as the internationally proven method to teach reading effectively."


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I'm attempting to create a simple line chart with d3, however for some reason it's filling between the line and some midpoint. Here's the output:
Line Chart
My javascript is the following:
 var width = 500,
 height = 500,
 padding = 10;
 var extentVisits = d3.extent(visits, function(obj){
 return obj['visits'];
 var extentDates = d3.extent(visits, function(obj){
 return obj['datestamp'];
 var yScale = d3.scale.linear()
 .range([height - padding, padding]);
 var xScale = d3.time.scale()
 .range([0, width]);
 var line = d3.svg.line()
 .x(function(d) {
 return xScale(d['datestamp']);
 .y(function(d) {
 return yScale(d['visits']);
 .attr('width', width)
 .attr('height', height)
 .attr("transform", "translate(5,5)")
 .attr("class", "line")
 .attr('d', line);
Where visits is of the form:
 visits = [{'datestamp': timestampA, 'visits': 1000},
 {'datestamp': timestampB, 'visits': 1500}]
I'm pretty new at d3 so I'm sure it's something simple, but it's driving me crazy.
Thanks in advance.
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1 Answer
up vote 10 down vote accepted
The midpoint you're seeing is just the connection of the first and last point. This is because the path you've created has (by default) a black fill. Even though it's an open path (i.e., the first and last point are not actually connected), if filled, it will appear closed:
The fill operation fills open subpaths by performing the fill operation as if an additional "closepath" command were added to the path to connect the last point of the subpath with the first point of the subpath.
Source: SVG specification via this SO answer
The solution here is to eliminate the fill and instead set a stroke. You can do this directly in JS with d3 or through CSS.
 fill: none;
 stroke: #000;
Demo showing both the CSS and JS method (commented out) on jsFiddle
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text:
AB Development Studies Program
The Bachelor of Arts major in Development Studies was established in 1986. This degree program is ideal for individuals who want to make effective contributions to the continuing effort to improve Philippine society. It combines analytical rigor with practical considerations of development dynamics in the Philippines. Its curriculum provides a healthy balance of socio-economic theories, policy analysis and research and management tools. In a world where "development" in its various dimensions is a central concern and need, systematic theoretical and practical training in this field of study serves as a distinct advantage for the graduates of the AB Development Studies Program.
Development Management involves the application of management principles and practices to the context of social development. The Minor in Development Management is being offered by the Development Studies Program in response to the increasing need for good managers working with social development institutions – managers who do not only have a mastery of development concepts but who also possess management skills that will make them effective change agents. The minor is open to all undergraduate students of the Loyola Schools.


text:
Checking WAEC result is been laid down into several ways, perhaps to Check WAEC Result without Scratch Card is one of it. That is why on this page you will learn it. Beside this processes where laid down by the West African Examinations Council, so it's not a trick to check WAEC Result without Scratch Card.
There are ONLY 2 methods to check waec result, whereby Pins are are even required. Meaning that you will still need the Scratch Card.
Why You Need The Waec result Scratch Card
- It savers as a protection to your result in the WAEC database
- Using the Scratch Card help control how user access the Result checking Portal
- Its a way of making money for the organization (WAEC Office)
Here are Ways to checking Result, NOT to Check WAEC Result without Scratch Card
I assume you all are mistaking the SMS method of checking WAEC result as a way to Check WAEC Result without Scratch Card. Well if that is what you are thinking, then its wrong because checking your result via SMS also needs PIN Number of the Scratch Card (although no serial number is required)
- Send SMS in the format below:
To short-code 32327 (MTN, Celtel & Glo subscribers)
- For example -:
Ensure you adhere strictly to the format above. There should be no space in the message.
- Wait for your result to be delivered to your phone via SMS. (SMS Cost N30 Only)
But Checking WAEC Results Online – You use this method
You can either use mobile phone or PC to do this, as long as its connected to the internet.
- Logon to _URL_
- Enter your 10-digit WAEC Examination Number.
(This is your 7-Digit centre number followed by your 3-digit candidate number eg. _PHONE_)
- Enter the 4 digits of your Examination Year eg. 2002
- Select the Type of Examination
- Enter the Card Serial Number found on the reverse side of your Scratch card.
- Enter the Personal Identification Number (PIN) on your Scratch card
- Click Submit and wait for the results window to come up
However, there are things you should know about which never exist, that is;
- to check waec result without examination number
- to check waec result without scratch card pin or serial number
- to check results without spending money or credit
This is because you MOST need the follow to successfully check your waec result online or SMS;
- Examination Number – Your Exam number make you look unique from others, that is why no one can have same exam number (only by error).
- Examination Year – You providing the year you wrote exam will enable the database to locate your results and other vital information about you.
- Type of Examination – WAEC conducts different types of exam, like GCE, SSEC, etc. That is why providing the type of exam you had participated also help getting your data from the WAEC portal.
Card Serial Number


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Are there any commands containing "if", similar to \ifnum, preferably in LaTeX (rathar than TeX)? For example, is there anything like \ifstring? (I am not after \ifstring only, I want to know which options are available, if any).
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See also: LaTeX conditional expression – Leo Liu Jul 13 '11 at 5:10
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4 Answers
up vote 18 down vote accepted
The \if... commands are mostly TeX primitives (with \newif it's possible to define other conditionals).
There is something like \ifstring, but it uses \ifnum; the command \pdfstrcmp takes two strings as argument and compares it, returning -1 if the first precedes the second (in the lexicographic order based on ASCII codes), 0 if the strings are equal and 1 otherwise. The usual ways to exploit it are

In XeTeX there's \strcmp that does the same; loading pdftexcmds one can use \pdf@strcmp with pdftex, xetex and luatex.
In the pseudocodes above "string1" and "string2" can be also macros, which will be expanded similarly to what happens with \edef and at the end (when no more expansions can be performed) the tokens are "detokenized" for the comparison (so \relax becomes a six character string followed by a space; for example \pdfstrcmp{\relax}{\string\relax\space} returns 0).
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Thanks. egreg.. – Regis da Silva Jul 13 '11 at 0:26
_USER_: if I recall correctly, they don't have to expand to characters only: the result of their full expansion is converted to a string (I think, through the same code as \detokenize). – Bruno Le Floch Jul 13 '11 at 0:43
_USER_: I'll correct my answer. – egreg Jul 13 '11 at 7:21
Nitpick regarding the parenthetical remark in the first paragraph: \newif doesn't really make new conditionals. It merely provides a handy way to assign one of the existing conditionals \iffalse and \iftrue to a control sequence. – Harald Hanche-Olsen Jul 13 '11 at 15:38
_USER_: it depends on the point of view. They are new for the programmer, they aren't for TeX, which sees only \iftrue or \iffalse. – egreg Jul 13 '11 at 15:43
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The etoolbox package has a lot conditional commands which goes beyond those TeX primitives. Have a look at the manual you will find they very usefull.
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In particular there is \ifstrequal{str1}{str2}{true}{false}, and many many others. The etoolbox is definitely a must for anyone trying to do any kind of "programatic" work in (La)TeX. – Juan A. Navarro Jul 13 '11 at 8:03
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An alternative is expl3. The basic language layer of LaTeX3 provides several conditionals. To handle strings you can use the function \str_if_eq:nnTF. Next to this conditional expl3 provides also a case function for strings named \prg_case_str:nnn.
\str_if_eq:nnTF has the following syntax:
\str_if_eq:nnTF { } { }
 { }
 { }
\prg_case_str:nnn has the following syntax:
\prg_case_str:nnn { }
 { string case 1 } { code case 1 }
 { string case 2 } { code case 2 }
 { string case n } { code case n }
 { }
The complete manual
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I have been using the xstring package for these kind of situations. See for example Using xstring to check.tex file name.
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Take the 2-minute tour ×
I have an ip array like below and I want to convert it to smallest cidr subnet list. Is there a library for that in Java?
For example:
converted to
Thanks in advance.
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2 Answers 2
up vote 1 down vote accepted
I don't know whether there is a library available in Java. Indeed, I know little about Java :) But I can give you an algorithm for solving the problem, if that is any help.
1) Convert the ip addresses into pairs of integers, where the first integer is the binary representation of the ip address (a.b.c.d -> a << 24 + b << 16 + c << 8 + d) and the second integer is 32 (that is, initially each address is it's own subnet [1]).
2) Sort the list of pairs.
3) Now scan the sorted list, starting at the second pair. For each pair, if you can combine it with the previous one, do so and continue to try until combining as long as possible. Two pairs [base1, bits1] and [base2, bits2] can be combined if bits1 == bits2 and base2 - base1 == 1 << (32 - bits1). In that case, the combination is [base1, bits1 - 1].
4) Finally, convert the pairs back into CIDR notation: the first integer is the base of the subnet (when converted back to dotted decimal) and the second integer is the bitwidth.
Both steps 2 and 3 are O(n log n)
Footnote 1: In your example, you don't include the addresses with last byte 0, which means my algorithm will fail in your test case. You'd have to add them to the list. This point reveals a subtle but important detail in the definition of what a CIDR subnet is: technically, the smallest possible subnet is /30, because both the first and last ip of the range are reserved. Consequently /31 would have no valid IP addresses. However, people often use the term CIDR subnet to mean "a bitmask which recognizes a set of IP addresses", as in their use as filter expressions.
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Try as :
public class Test {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
 String[] ipArray1 = new String[]{"", "", "", ""};
 String[] ipArray2 = new String[ipArray1.length];
 for(int i=0; i < ipArray1.length; i++) {
 String temp = ipArray1[i];
 ipArray2[i] = temp.substring(0,6) + "0/24";
 for(String ip : ipArray2) {
Output :
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Are you kiddin'? What will happen if ip is like ip. substr will fail. I need an algorithmic solution or a library. Your solution is based on my input but with different input it will fail. – denizeren Sep 21 '12 at 5:47
if so, why did not submit like that in your post completely? I just solve the problem as post. – CycDemo Sep 21 '12 at 6:05
That's not even a real answer. Writing anything that just produces a given output is a waste of everyone's time. It clearly doesn't solve the very clearly posed question. – sillyMunky Feb 5 '13 at 19:26
Your Answer


Oklahoma Felonious Assault Law Explained
Requires Intent to Commit Another Specific Felony
definition of felonious assault in OklahomaIn Oklahoma, felonious assault is defined as an assault with the intent to commit any felony except an assault with the intent to kill. Okla. Stat. tit. 21 § 681
Felonious assault occurs when a person commits an assault during the commission of another felony. Without specific intent to commit a specific felony, felonious assault does not occur.
A felonious assault charge is often used in the context of rape and attempted rape cases. For example, attempted rape in the first degree rape can include both the attempted rape charge and the lesser offense of felonious assault.
The penalty for felonious assault is up to five years in prison time or up to a year in jail, a fine of up to $500, or both fines and incarceration.
Oklahoma takes threats upon a person's health and safety seriously. Threats made against the health and safety of an individual, whether made during the commission of another crime or alone, can mean serious consequences in Oklahoma.
Oklahoma law has codified a web of possible assault and battery charges to ensure that when a threat is made on a person, no matter the circumstances, that the person who made the threat may be prosecuted.
Punishment for Attempt
Felonious assault can be somewhat different than attempted crimes described in the Punishment for Attempt statute. Okla. Stat. tit.21 § 42
A person cannot be convicted of attempting a crime if evidence shows they completed the crime. And failure to complete an intended crime does not absolve a person for other crimes committed during the attempt.
Even though a felonious assault fails to gain compliance of a robbery victim, the felonious assault may have been completed even though the robbery attempt failed. A person might be charged with attempted robbery or felonious assault.
The attempted crime statute states that if one attempts a crime and for whatever reason, the attempt fails, the punishment for the attempt will be:
 - half the longest term if the attempted crime, if completed has a sentence of four or more years; or
 - up to a year if the attempted crime, if completed crime has a sentence of less than four years.
For a conviction of attempted crimes, the maximum fine that may be imposed is half of the maximum which would be imposed if the crime is completed. And if the sentence for a completed crime allows for both a fine and imprisonment, both are halved. Okla. Stat. tit.21 § 42.
Attempt may be charged as a lesser included offense related to charges of a completed crime if the situation warrants it and if the prosecutor cannot prove the attempted crime was in fact perpetrated.
Planning or Threatening a Violent Act
Oklahoma defines planning or threatening a violent act as attempting or conspiring to perform a violent act involving serious bodily harm or death upon another. Okla. Stat. tit. 21 § 1378
Attempting, conspiring, or endeavoring to perform a violent act in Oklahoma is a felony punishable by up to 10 years in prison. Merely threatening the same act is a misdemeanor punishable by up to six months in county jail.
Threatening a violent act is considered a crime against public peace. A person may publicly or privately threaten a violent act without the intended victim ever knowing about the threat. Threatening a violent act differs from assault, because in assault the victim is directly threatened.
Planning a violent act, whether done alone or as part of a conspiracy, is a felony punishable by up to 10 years in prison. Planning is different than attempting a violent act in so far as a plan may be constructed without the performance of any act toward the commission of the crime.
Extortion Induced by Threats
Extortion induced by threats in Oklahoma is defined as threatening to:
 - unlawfully injure a person or property;
 - accuse a person of a crime;
 - expose a fault or disgrace; or
 - to expose another person's secret
 - as extortion to achieve an intended end by the person threatening the other.
Okla. Stat. tit. 21 § 1482
Extortion is defined as the obtaining of another's property through the wrongful use of force, fear of force, or under a cloak of an official right. Okla. Stat. tit.21 § 1481
Extortion is a felony punishable by a prison term up to five years. Attempted extortion is punishable by a jail term of up to two years. Okla. Stat. tit.21 § 1483
Simple Assault and Battery
In Oklahoma, a simple assault can be defined as an intentional attempt or threat of force or violence against another person. Okla. Stat. tit.21 § 641
In Oklahoma, a simple battery is defined as the intentional and unlawful use of force or violence against another. Okla. Stat. tit.21 § 642
So, assault is a menacing action that threatens the victim, while battery is the contact. These two crimes are often combined and charged together.
Robbery: A Crime of Threat and Fear
Robbery in Oklahoma is defined as:
 - the wrongful taking of another person's property,
 - either directly from that person's body or from their immediate surroundings,
 - against their will, and
 - through the use of force or fear.
Okla. Stat. tit. 21 § 791
The fear required may be either the fear of immediate or future injury to self, property, or family, or the fear that a companion of the robbed person will be immediately injured. Okla. Stat. tit.21 § 794
Robbery of the first degree is a felony punishable by at least 10 years in prison. Okla. Stat. tit.21 § 798
Robbery in the second degree is a felony punishable by up to 10 years in prison. Okla. Stat. tit.21 § 799
Many of statutes related to assault, use of force, and attempted crimes overlap. A matrix of similar but narrowly defined statutes allow prosecutors a lot of leeway in terms of how they want to charge a defendant.
Some of these statutes have more lenient sentencing guidelines, some more stringent. Each requires proof of particular facts to obtain a conviction. When those facts cannot be proven, the defendant must be found not guilty.
Free Consultation: Tulsa Criminal Defense Attorney
Crimes involving the threat of fear or force are severely treated in Oklahoma. If you are being charged, it is important to understand how charges may affect you and how they may overlap. Each charge requires proof of specific elements based on alleged facts.
For defense against felonious assault charges, retain a Tulsa criminal defense lawyer. Experienced Wirth Law Office criminal lawyers in Tulsa will know the court system and judges in the area. Do not delay. Your initial consultation is free.
Call _PHONE_ or submit the question form at the top right of this page.
"Make law easy!"


How to Effectively Clean a Rubber Gym Floor?
A rubber gym floor must get regular cleaning and maintenance to keep it clean and free from disease-causing germs. Cleaning should be easy but there are dos and don'ts when doing this.
So, the question is how do you clean a rubber floor? it's easy when you know-how.
Firstly it's essential to have the right cleaning materials for rubber tiles and mats. Simply a brush, mop or sponge is perfect.
Its also important to use the best cleaning products such as our homemade vinegar solution, which has all the ingredients below.
how do you clean a rubber gym floor
How Do You Clean a Rubber Gym Floor?
The goal is to remove dirt and stubborn stains on the rubber floor to create an inviting atmosphere for whole-body workouts and simple exercises. Of course, cleaning also means discouraging bacteria growth.
The fitness experts over at Simple Fitness Hub recommend fitness professionals to teach their clients how to prevent the spread of germs and bacteria on gym equipment.
That being said, use the following steps and materials you can use when cleaning a rubber floor.
cleaning a gym floor
Image Source –
Cleaning Materials for Rubber Tiles and Mats
Often, it only takes simple sweeping and mopping to remove stains on the rubber. However, it is best to set at least a weekly schedule for deep cleaning. You will only need some or all of the following supplies depending on how dirty the rubber mats are.
 - broom or vacuum
 - sponge or nylon mop
 - rag
 - bucket
 - soft-bristled brush
 - vinegar
 - floor cleaning solution with neutral pH or dish soap
Note: Use only cleaning agents that do not contain turpentine or acetone. These chemicals can leave permanent damage on your rubber flooring. Use vinegar in small amounts because it is acidic which can damage the rubber.
Cleaning Dirt and Stains on Rubber Gym Flooring
For larger areas, using a commercial scrubbing machine may be used. But regardless of the size of the rubber flooring, you can still do manual cleaning with the following steps.
 1. Sweep the flooring to remove loose dirt, hair, and other particles. Make sure to use a vacuum with soft rollers for cleaning, such as those used in carpets.
 2. Use a wooden or plastic scraper to get rid of buildup on the floor, such as mud and bubble gum. Do this gently to avoid damaging the rubber.
 3. You can use a ¼ cup floor cleaner or mild dish soap to every bucket of water as a cleaning solution.
 4. Mop the rubber floor to remove dirt. You may need to repeat the mopping or scrub with a soft-bristled brush or sponge when cleaning high-traffic areas as these usually are the dirtiest.
 5. Replace murky water solution every time. Washing with dirty water will do more harm than good. This will increase the possibility of dirt buildup.
 6. Remove excess water.
 7. Allow the rubber floor tile to dry completely before using it again.
Using Vinegar to Clean a Rubber Gym Floor
Vinegar is a natural cleaning ingredient that you can use on rubber floor tiles. The vinegar naturally contains acid which melts down stains. There are different kinds of vinegar but for cleaning, you can only use distilled white or apple cider. Here's how to make a vinegar cleaning solution.
Things You'll Need
 - apple cider or distilled white vinegar
 - water
 - essential oils
Instructions for Making Vinegar Cleaning Solution
 1. Combine 1 part vinegar to 10 parts water. Do not use too much vinegar as this can also take a toll on the integrity of the rubber floor.
 2. Add essential oil into the solution to reduce the vinegar smell. Use tea tree, lavender, or thyme when using the white vinegar, or melaleuca, or eucalyptus for apple cider.
 3. Transfer the liquid into a spray bottle, or damp cloth with the vinegar-water solution.
 4. Spray or wipe the solution directly on the dirty rubber gym floor.
 5. Allow the floor to dry.
Benefits of Using Vinegar-Water Solution for Cleaning Rubber
Using the vinegar and water solution to clean rubber mats and tiles is cheaper than store-bought floor cleaners. Also, vinegar is all-natural and contains acetic acid which is very effective in breaking down mineral deposits, grime, dirt, and grease. What's more is that it kills bacteria, too.
Frequently Asked Questions on Cleaning a Rubber Floor Gym
There is a lot of confusion when it comes to rubber gym floor cleaning. Rubber can be sensitive when it comes to pressure and chemicals.
Can You Use Bleach On Rubber Flooring?
Unfortunately, you can't use bleach when cleaning rubber flooring. Bleach is too strong that it can wear out rubber at a faster rate. When used often, bleach will make the rubber material brittle.
How Do I Get The Rubber Smell Out Of My Gym Floor?
You can use a floor cleaner with a neutral pH or take the rubber mats outside for sunning to get the rubber smell out of your gym floor. Some brands really do have a stronger rubber smell than the others, so remember to consider that. Make sure the room with rubber mats gets good ventilation.
How Often Should Gym Floors Be Refinished?
There is no specific time when to refinish rubber gym floors. How often should gym floors be refinished would usually depend on how often they're used. Chipping and cracking usually signal it is time to resurface a rubber gym floor.
Can You Burnish A Gym Floor?
Unfortunately, you can't burnish a rubber gym floor using high-speed burnishers. Burnishing a gym floor with these will cause surface damage, especially when you don't use soft floor polishing brushes. Only use a machine that can operate less than 350 revolutions per minute.
Can You Steam Rubber Floor Tiles?
Yes, you can use steam on rubber floor tiles. In fact, steam cleaning does not just clean, it sanitizes the rubber gym floor, too. It is also better than regular mopping because it dries more quickly reducing water spot damage.
You should schedule light cleaning on a daily basis but periodic deep cleaning is also important. Remove dirt, stains, and buildup on the rubber gym floor with basic home supplies as dish soap, water, vinegar, and mop. Burnishing and steam cleaning are also helpful in maintaining clean rubber flooring.
Last Updated on March 19, 2021 by Gemma Tyler Protection Status


Why Curiosity Is Good For Business
Being successful at business requires many things: courage, creativity, people skills, and so forth. However, there is one character trait whose importance is sometimes neglected: curiosity.
Curiosity helps you in:
 - Building customer relationships. People are drawn to those who show interest in them. Having an abiding fascination in others give you the opportunity to learn new things about them, thereby making a deeper connection.
 - Increasing your business acumen. Being curious about your own industry and the industries of your prospects drives you to learn more. As you satisfy your curiosity, you're augmenting your ability to add value to your customers' business.
 - Solving customer problems. It's a truism that customers are looking for solutions to their problems. It's only possible to create a meaningful solution if you're motivated by true curiosity about what's actually going on and why those problems recur.
 - Negotiating win/win contracts. Your ability to understand the positions of the other party are directly dependent upon your ability to feel true curiosity about them. If you're not curious, you'll end up arguing about issues that aren't important.
 - Correcting sales errors. When a customer buys from somebody else (or doesn't buy from anyone at all), if you're not curious about what that happened, you won't bother to find out why, and therefore can't learn from your failures.
 - Creating great products. Would-be innovators who aren't curious about what makes people tick and why technology works (or doesn't) can't possibly create workable products or services that people want buy.
 - Motivating your employees. Some bosses think of employees as cogs in a corporate machine. However, if you want to get the best out of people, you must be curious about their dreams and desires.
Curiosity is about adopting an attitude of inquisitiveness and being open-minded about learning new things, without any preconceptions clouding your understanding. If you don't have curiosity, you can't expect to be successful in business.


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How many checklists does it take before we have a checklist approach to disclosure?
ASX today released its interim guidance on reporting scoping studies. This has proven to be a thorny issue for miners who have sought to provide the market with guidance on the outcome of such studies, which are often conducted internally, based on a limited geological understanding on the underlying resource and within a wide range of accuracy (typically +/- 50%) regarding economic outcomes.
ASX seeks to augment the guidance provided in ASIC's revised IS 214 and, in an approach which seems at odds with a stated desire to avoid a "checklist approach" to compliance, adds a checklist for listed companies to follow in preparing scoping study announcements.
There are a number of key takeaways:
- ASIC's guidance: After the confusion and rancour following ASIC's April Information Sheet 214 – Mining and Resources – Forward Looking Statements (IS 214), which was interpreted to prohibit publication of scoping studies without present evidence of project finance, ASIC revised IS 214 in October 2016. The revision confirmed secured funding is not necessarily required in order to establish that reasonable grounds exist for a production target, but stopped short of giving guidance as to at what point an assessment of a company's relative market capitalisation, financial position, financing track record and support, relevant metrics and the state of relevant economies might provide a "reasonable basis" for a finance assumption.
- Reasonable grounds for assumptions: Both ASIC and ASX clearly state they are looking for reasonable grounds for the disclosed assumptions made as to finance, not definitive statements as to financing capacity.
ASX notes, in an apparent attempt to reassure the average compliant explorer: "resource entities at early stages of the project assessment process will often not be in a position to make definitive statements about the availability of funding needed for development…" ASX also suggests that, where there are no reasonable grounds to think any entity can raise project finance on its own, the entity might disclose what the options are, such as a sale of project equity, and what reasonable basis there is for thinking those options might be available…. but is that a lifeline, or another can of worms?
- A proximate warning: Both regulators want to see a clear statement of current financial capacity and expected finance requirements to achieve outcomes stated in a scoping study, with warnings as to a lack of certainty of funding, and the potential dilution impacts of any equity raising. ASX has provided an indicative five paragraph cautionary statement for companies' assistance, which should be used when reminding investors that the company might not be able to raise project finance when needed. The statement augments the JORC code requirement for an appropriate cautionary statement.
- Other disclosure points: ASX also reminds companies of the basics:
- Follow Chapter 5 of the Listing Rules
- Use JORC terminology
- Be fair and balanced
- Don't put forward looking statements in the headline
- Don't describe results as a per share value without reasonable grounds
- Use an approximate rounded range for targets
- Disclose assumptions about modifying factors, and a sensitivity analysis
- Your material assumptions include Section 4 of Table 1 of JORC
- Be careful with assumed timeframes and sequencing of categories of resources for production and development
- A checklist: The guidance annexes a checklist which ASX is encouraging entities to complete to verify compliance. It takes directors through the disclosure points above and Chapter 5 of the Listing Rules. Although companies aren't required to complete the checklist, in cases where ASX has concerns over a scoping study announcement, it may request the company to complete and return the checklist under Listing Rule 18.7, whereupon it will presumably find its way onto the company announcements platform.
No-one denies ASX and ASIC's work will encourage an improvement of the standard of reporting on scoping studies. However, we are now moving into a potentially uncomfortable combining of "hard" and "fuzzy" regulation of disclosure. This will increase the compliance burden for listed resource companies and doesn't help with some big questions which a checklist approach is ill-suited to answer. For example – what constitutes reasonable grounds for an assumption that a company can obtain project finance?
We expect that, like the much lamented Corporate Governance Statement in Appendix 4G, ASX is inexorably moving towards a checklist approach to disclosure in this field. But we still don't have any comfort that a combination of warning statements and a checklist approach will be enough for ASIC.


text:
Trends in Poverty and Social Indicators: An Update, PRCPB Working Paper No. 16
This paper provides an update of the changes that Bangladesh has undergone in terms of its poverty and social indicators over the last one and a half decades. Several key social and human development indicators have been considered which provides an analysis of the trends at both the national as well as the district levels.
The paper observes that Bangladesh has achieved notable progress in terms of poverty and social indicators over the past one and half decades. There are, however, significant variations between regions (districts) with respect to these achievements. The paper also pointed out that the country's health and nutrition programs, particularly those targeted towards mothers and children underwent some problems after 2000. As a result, the improvements in child and maternal health have slowed down. Therefore unless attention is paid to these matters, Bangladesh's progress on the MDG goals may seriously be hindered in these respects.
Trends in Poverty and Social Indicators:An Update, PRCPB Working Paper No. 16, Programme for Research on Chronic Poverty in Bangladesh (PRCPB)/ Chronic Poverty Research Centre (CPRC), Manchester, UK, 37 pp.


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Weather affects EV efficiency much like it affects ICE cars, but there are some marked differences. The folks over at TezLab in Brooklyn measure range using a somewhat complicated system, but since they do the hard work for you, there's no need to get into the specific details.
Let's take a quick look at what the team discovered:
Most everything the study found can be related back to temperature
it's widely known that cars are less efficient when it's cold, however, the study shows that temps over 80F also have a negative effect
Parking in a windy area can drain more range than you may think
Cold temps increase charging times