Reprisal in a Sentence 🔊
Definition of Reprisal
an act of retaliation
Examples of Reprisal in a sentence
Outraged at failing his French class, Matt keyed the teacher's car in reprisal. 🔊
Even in the most extreme circumstances, back and forth reprisal is generally not the best way to resolve conflict. 🔊
With rumors of reprisal coming from all his most reliable sources, the king ordered that every entrance to the castle be barricaded. 🔊
No one knows for certain, but it is widely believed that the drive-by shooting was in reprisal to some offense committed by a rival gang. 🔊
He felt secure enough in his information that he announced his opinion on the matter without fear of reprisal. 🔊
After taking such violent measures, the colonel began to regret his role in taking reprisal against the natives. 🔊
When Jeanette's parents were told about the bullying tactics she had used in reprisal for the gossip against her, she was grounded and had to miss the winter dance. 🔊
Now that the drug cartels have toned down their acts of reprisal against each other, more people are traveling to Mexico for pleasure. 🔊
Junior high school is a place where insecurity, peer pressure, hurt feelings, and acts of reprisal plague the lives of adolescents. 🔊
The newspapers carried the story about the soldiers' reprisal against the enemies who had attacked a village of women and children. 🔊
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- This question is specifically about stationary or vehicle mounted crossbows, not man-portable ones
 - The projectile size would measure about 1.8 - 2 meters in length, so the crossbow would have corresponding proportions
 - The materials would be wood and metal/metal compounds, no plastics
 - The goal is to have a siege engine capable of cocking itslef, like a recoil operated firearm would
The easiest concept I have in my head for this would be as follows:
 1. There's a carriage riding on two rails that carries the projectile
 2. The carriage has two holes on the sides
 3. A wire is threaded through these holes
 4. At the front of the crossbow two springs are placed around the wire
 5. When the carriage gets released and propells the projectile it hits the springs and gets pushed back into it's resting position
Recoil operated crossbow (simple sketch of it)
 1. Could the cocking springs provide enough energy to push against the limbs and get the carriage back into it's resting position?
 2. Are there any pitfalls with a system like this?
 3. Is there a more efficient way to build a recoil operated crossbow?
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ Even if you neglect any losses, the potential energy stored in the limbs under tension is just exactly enough to "bounce back" from the spring and reload itself, but then there is nothing left to accelerate the projectile $\endgroup$ – OpticalResonator Apr 14 '20 at 20:15
To make my comment into an actual answer, this design is not feasible because the energy balance doesn't add up. All the energy that you have available is stored in the limbs being pulled back. Now you need to do three things with it:
 1. Accelerate the projectile
 2. Reload the crossbow
 3. Overcome friction in the system
The problem is, that the energy required for reloading is exactly the same as you started out with, but you still want to accelerate your projectile, so both together doesn't work. Not to mention friction losses of the sliding action and in the springs, so even without projectile it would probably not work.
The reason automatic firearms can do this, is that they tap the high pressure gas in the barrel, basically using some of the chemical energy in the gunpowder.
 - $\begingroup$ So if I understand this correctly, the stiffness of the springs doesn't matter. This contraption would use part of it's initial energy on propelling the projectile (to a high enough velocity) and part of it on trying to reload, but ultimately fail at both. $\endgroup$ – JED Apr 14 '20 at 20:45
 - $\begingroup$ Yes, basically that, whether it fails at shooting the projectile of course depends on how far you want to shoot. The stiffness of the springs only influences how much energy per length is stored, you cannot create more than you put in. This crossbow design is kinda just another attempt at a perpetuum mobile. $\endgroup$ – OpticalResonator Apr 14 '20 at 20:48
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ I realized that I was trying to add more energy to the system from nowhere when I read your answer. I thought about the recocking, but not the fact that propelling the bolt actually requires more energy than just releasing the limb without any load. Thanks for the answer. $\endgroup$ – JED Apr 14 '20 at 20:53
 - $\begingroup$ Glad I could help :) it's a creative design nonetheless $\endgroup$ – OpticalResonator Apr 14 '20 at 20:54
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TCPView works on Windows NT/2000/XP and Windows 98/Me. You can use TCPView on Windows 95 if you get the Windows 95 Winsock 2 Update from Microsoft.
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text:
About this book
A gripping narrative history of the British soldier during the 150 year period, from the Restoration to the downfall of Napoleon in 1815. 'Filled with swashbuckling derring-do, the reek of blood and gunpowder, combined with shrewd analysis of power, war and psychology' Simon Sebag Montefiore
From the Restoration of Charles II in 1660 to the Downfall of Napoleon in 1815, Britain won a series of major wars against France that enabled her to lay the foundations of a global empire. This title tells the history of the British Redcoat from the English Civil War to Waterloo.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


FREYR's planned manufacturing facilities are an important part of our full-cycle sustainable battery production model.
Freyr Final 1 2020 09 22 mindre
FREYR targets emission-free construction sites
FREYR has a long-term target of emission-free construction sites and we are investigating how we can reduce emission from construction activities.
Local climate advantages for reduced energy consumption
All production sites have access to natural cooling water and cold, relatively dry air, allowing for efficient cooling and drying processes in the production line. Additionally, FREYR may export heat from the manufacturing process to the existing local district heating system and further reduce the net overall energy consumption.
Focused on energy efficiency
We design for energy efficiency in our operations. A fully integrated HVAC (Heating Ventilation Air Conditioning) and climate control across all processes, will drive facility energy optimization at all production sites by optimizing heat balance across all process steps and reuse of surplus heat.
FREYR and Siemens are developing a Digital Twin of the battery cell and of the facility which produces the battery cell, creating a virtual model of the entire manufacturing facility. The model enables FREYR to evaluate, in real time and optimize the physical battery cell manufacturing process over time. In addition, we plan to deploy a fully integrated Manufacturing Execution System (MES) across all production processes. Energy-consuming facility elements will provide a digital platform for further reductions to energy consumption during facility operations.


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The Details
How Much to Separate?
The Torah does not specify an amount that must be separated for challah, bikkurim, or terumah. By contrast, it does specify that one-tenth of the crop is given to a Levi as ma'aser. The Sages determined that a professional baker separates one out of forty-eight parts, while a lay baker separates one out of twenty-four parts.
Why does the professional give less challah? The Ateres Zahav states that the Sages were more lenient with a baker because baking is his livelihood, and the Sages wanted him to enjoy more of the fruits of his labor. The Rambam writes that whereas a baker generally deals with large portions of dough, the amount that he separates, even at the smaller one-forty-eighth ratio, generally is large enough to make a suitable gift to the kohen. A housewife kneads smaller quantities, so that a larger percentage, one-twenty-fourth, is required to make her gift suitable.
The Lubavitcher Rebbe advances a more esoteric reason for the difference. He explains that G-d wants us to perceive His providence in all that we do. A professional baker is heavily reliant upon a good planting season and a good harvest. He carefully monitors these and thereby witnesses G-d's providence throughout the process of flour manufacture. A non-professional sees only the final product. He must give a greater percentage, so that he will have a greater awareness of G-d's manifestation.
Today, because the mitzvah of challah is Rabbinic in nature, there is no minimum amount that must be taken. In Israel, there is a widely observed custom to take a k'zayis, the size of an egg.
While both men and women have the obligation to separate challah, this is among the mitzvos that were specially entrusted to women. Where both husband and wife are involved in making dough, it is preferable for the wife to separate the challah.
How large must the dough mass be to require the taking of challah? One must take challah if the dough is at minimum the size of an omer, equivalent to a volume of forty-three and one-fifth eggs. (The omer is the standard of measurement for food in the Torah.) There is a disagreement concerning the precise measurement of an omer. There is a consensus that dough weighing five pounds meets the minimum size requirement. A consensus exists as well that dough weighing less than two and one half pounds is too small to require the taking of challah. Therefore, when one kneads five or more pounds of dough, she recites the blessing. If kneading less than two and a half pounds, she does not take challah at all. When kneading dough that weighs between two and a half pounds and five pounds, one does take challah, but should consult a competent Orthodox rabbi regarding the recitation of the blessing.
The blessing made for the taking of challah is "who sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us to separate challah." A common custom is to say "... to separate challah from the dough." This latter version is not recorded in the Shulchan Aruch, and the Taz, one of the principal commentators on the Shulchan Aruch, notes that he does not know the basis for it. Nonetheless, the custom in many circles is to add the words "from the dough."
Challah is taken only from five grains: wheat, oats, rye, spelt, and barley. Challah is not taken from rice, corn, or other grains with which dough may be made. Also, challah is taken once the flour and water have been mixed; it cannot be taken before the kneading has been done. And it should be taken before the dough is baked; nonetheless, if one neglected to separate challah before baking, she does so after baking. (In Passover matzoh baking, where we must complete the baking process quickly, we take challah only after baking.)
We separate challah from cake doughs as well as from bread doughs; however, if the majority of the liquid content is juice rather than water, we do not make the blessing. If none of the liquid is water, it is preferable to add a little water and separate challah. (For a detailed, practical exposition of the challah laws, see Spice and Spirit: The Complete Kosher Jewish Cookbook.)
The mitzvah of taking challah serves a number of purposes. It connects the mundane act of food preparation to G-d, by reminding us that He is the true owner of the land. It also establishes a bond between the common folk and the kohanim, the priests, who are ideally the recipients of the challah. The kohanim, by virtue of the fact that they were deeply involved in the service at the Temple, were unable to engage in farming on a regular basis. Challah, terumah, and the other gifts given them afforded the kohanim sustenance as they performed their work.
Today we do not give challah to the kohanim. While we do have kohanim in our midst, we are unable to verify their lineage beyond any doubt. A non-kohen is not permitted to eat challah. Therefore, we destroy the challah by burning it to the point that it is inedible. (Walk into a kosher pizza store, and you will often see a crisply burned ball of dough resting on top of the oven. This is the challah.)
Rabbi Yitzchak Hanoka is a Rabbinic Coordinator at the OK Labs
Originally published in The Jewish Homemaker
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Discussion (20)
April 25, 2014
Where and when is the best place to burn the challah that one separates? During the bread being baked? in the oven at the same time or not?
February 3, 2014
amount of dough vs amount of flour
Indeed you are correct. The measurement mentioned in Halachah is in flour measurements, not in dough.
Shaul Wolf
January 31, 2014
amount of dough vs amount of flour
In this article, it states that when five pounds of dough is kneaded, one must separate challah with a blessing. In other articles, the amount necessary is the use of five pounds of flour.
Can you please clarify for me?
Thank you,
March 8, 2013
why are we supposed to burn a peice of dough in the oven
February 4, 2013
challah on bagels
Do you take challah from bagels if they are boiled and then baked. Studying Pesachim and it differentiates between baking and fying or boiling. Also if you do take challah from bagels, at what point do you do so?
September 10, 2012
RE: burning the challah
You should not burn it at the same time that you are baking your bread, as you do not want the forbidden challah flavor to enter your bread.
Rabbi Menachem Posner
September 7, 2012
burning the challah
may the challah be burnt in the same oven at the same time I am baking my loaves?
brooklyn, ny
August 19, 2009
Using different liquids in challah recipes
If I use liquids other than water in my challah recipes (eg. soy milk, wine, juice, liquor, etc.) Is the challah still considered hamotzi? Can it be used as lechem mishne on shabbat? Is there a difference on this for Sephardim vs. Ashkenazim?
March 13, 2009
RE: which is it, kezayis or egg?
"which is it, kezayis or egg?"
A Kzayis.
See the gloss from Rabbi Moshe Isserlis to the Shulchan Aruch Yoreh Deiah 322:5
Yehuda Shurpin
Brooklyn, NY
March 12, 2009
you write that "there is a widely observed custom to take a k'zayis, the size of an egg."
which is it, kezayis or egg?
montevideo, uruguay
Show all comments


text:
Museum of the Cape Fear
The Museum of the Cape Fear in Fayetteville is the third regional branch of the North Carolina Museum of History and the only one that began as a branch museum. (The other two regional branches, the Museum of the Albemarle in Elizabeth City and the Gateway Museum in Old Fort, operated independently before coming under the Museum of History's umbrella.) The free-admission Museum of the Cape Fear opened in 1987 with funding assistance from the Historic Fayetteville Foundation and with Rodney Barfield as its first curator. It introduces visitors to the history and culture of southeastern North Carolina through exhibits, lectures, and workshops and, as part of its mission as a regional branch, offers expertise to the nonstate historical museums, sites, and agencies in its 20-county service area.
The museum features permanent exhibits on the history of the Piedmont and the lower North Carolina coast from early Native American settlements through the Civil War period. Exhibits on transportation in the region, Fayetteville history (including the devastating 1831 fire), and an 1890 potter's shop are of particular interest. Visitors and school groups are drawn to the temporary exhibit gallery, where changing exhibits have highlighted, among other subjects, African American women in the Cape Fear, traditional crafts of the region, and the region's archaeology. A meeting room provides space for programs, lectures, and films.
Angela Fracaro, "A Fast Start at Looking Back," The State 57 (June 1989).
Karen Rosalinde Zimmer, "An Audience Development Plan for the Museum of the Cape Fear in Fayetteville" (M.A. thesis, UNC-Chapel Hill, 1989).
Museum of the Cape Fear: _URL_
North Carolina Museum of History: _URL_
A promotional video for the Museum of the Cape Fear (Fayetteville, NC), courtesy of the Fayetteville Arts Council. Available from _URL_ (accessed August 24, 2012).
1 January 2006 | Patteson, Angelyn H.


text:
Coffee cans are made from aluminum or plastic, both of which can be easily recycled. The problem is the lids. Many recycling companies don't allow plastic lids or plastic bottle caps to be recycled because they're too small and can jam equipment during the recycling process. Instead of throwing them away, you can make them into tiny wreaths to hang around the house or on your Christmas tree.
Start by gathering some decorative materials, such as ribbons, yarn, cotton balls, sewing materials, buttons or stickers. You can also use pipe cleaners or any other small trinkets you have around the house.
Begin by cutting out the center of the coffee can lid. You'll want to think of the final product as a skinny donut. Once you have the base of the wreath ready, there are many decorating options:
- Take cotton balls, pom-poms or buttons and glue them to the base.
- Tie one end of the ribbon, yarn or chenille stem to the base and twist it around the wreath until you get back to the beginning.
- Take extra sewing material and cut it into thin strips. Glue the end to the coffee can lid, and allow it to dry. Then continue to wrap the material around the lid, gluing as you go.
When you've finished the base of the wreath, you can tie a ribbon or string to the top to hang it, or you can place it directly on your tree.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Validation Obligations: A Novel Approach to Check Compliance between Requirements and their Formal Specification
Sprache des Vortragstitels:
43rd ICSE (NIER) 2021: Madrid, Spain
Sprache des Tagungstitel:
Traditionally, practitioners use formal methods pre-dominately for one half of the quality-assurance process: verification (do we build the software right?). The other half - validation (do we build the right software?) - has been given comparatively little attention. While verification is the core of refinement-based formal methods, where each new refinement step must preserve all properties of its abstract model, validation is usually postponed until the latest stages of the development, when models can be automatically executed. Thus mistakes in requirementsor in their interpretation are caught too late: usually at the endof the development process. In this paper, we present a novelapproach to check compliance between requirements and theirformal refinement-based specification during the earlier stages ofdevelopment. Our proposed approach - "validation obligations"- is based on the simple idea that both verification and validationare an integral part of all refinement steps of a system.


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Dictionary Results for chiseled
1. chisel - verb
Synonym(s): cheat
Hypernym(s): deceive, lead_on, delude, cozen
2. chisel - verb
Synonym(s): cheat, rip_off
Hypernym(s): victimize, victimise
3. chisel - verb
· carve with a chisel; "chisel the marble"
Hypernym(s): carve, chip_at
4. chiseled - adjective
· having a clean and distinct outline as if precisely cut along the edges; "a finely chiseled nose"; "well-defined features"
Synonym(s): well-defined
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41 CFR 105-64.407 - How do I file a Statement of Disagreement?
§ 105-64.407 How do I file a Statement of Disagreement?
You may file a Statement of Disagreement with the system manager within 30 days of the denial to amend a record. The statement should explain why you believe the record to be inaccurate, irrelevant, untimely, or incomplete. The system manager will file the statement with your record, provide a copy to anyone who had previously received the record, and include a copy of it in any future disclosure.
Title 41 published on 2013-07-01
no entries appear in the Federal Register after this date.
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text:
The Conquest of Happiness
Introduction by Anthony Grayling
Published February 1st 2006 by Routledge – 200 pages
Series: Routledge Classics
The Conquest of Happiness is Bertrand Russell's recipe for good living. First published in 1930, it pre-dates the current obsession with self-help by decades. Leading the reader step by step through the causes of unhappiness and the personal choices, compromises and sacrifices that (may) lead to the final, affirmative conclusion of 'The Happy Man', this is popular philosophy, or even self-help, as it should be written.
'He writes what he calls common sense, but is in fact uncommon wisdom.' - The Observer


text:
Find out what your kids are learning, data on local schools and services to support young children.
Issues in Child Maltreatment
2120 Bladensburg Road NE, Washington, DC 20019
Firefighters Union Building
This training is designed to enhance the participants' knowledge including but not limited to:
- Identifying signs of child maltreatment
- Understanding the policies and procedures for responding to suspected maltreatment
- Reporting incidents or expected incidents of child maltreatment to Child Protective Services


text:
Britain astonished the Italians yesterday by claiming to have invented lasagne.
Researchers cited The Forme of Cury, thought to be the world's oldest recipe book, which was commissioned by Richard II in 1390. Among the dishes it describes is loseyns (pronounced lasan), made from flat pasta and cheese sauce.
The medieval cook is advised to: "Take good broth and do in an erthen pot. Take flour of paynedemayn and make erof past with water and make erof thynne foyles as paper with a roller; drye it harde and see it in broth."
Then must he: "Take chese ruayn grated and lay it in dishes with powder douce and lay eron loseyns isode as hoole as you myght and above powdour and chese; and so twyse or thryse & serue it forth."
No mention is made of meat or tomatoes, the latter for the good reason that English cooks started using them only 200 years later.
The researchers found the recipe in the book in the British Museum while preparing for a medieval banquet and festival at Berkeley Castle in Gloucestershire.
Maurice Bacon, a spokesman for the event, said: "Very few people know lasagne was created in England. I defy anyone to disprove it because it appeared in the first cookery book ever written.
"When potatoes arrived in this country the use of these pasta noodles died out."
The Italian embassy in London said: "Whatever this old dish was called, it was not lasagne as we make it."
Antonio Carluccio, the chef and restaurant owner, said: "This sounds a bit far fetched to be called lasagne. But I wouldn't mind making it."


text:
Sponsored by Wesley Community Foundation
Wesley residents take up drumming to improve their well-being.
As one of the world's oldest musical instruments, drums have a place in every culture. From the ancient drum rhythms of African, Australian Aborigine and Asiatic rituals to keeping the beat for colonial marches, drums have played a major role in history.
Drumming also has a therapeutic effect. It promotes a sense of wellbeing, provides a cardio workout and encourages us to access both hemispheres of our brains. Even today, many Native American ceremonies continue to include a "medicine" drum. That's why Wesley created "Drum for the Health of It!", a resident-based drumming group.
"The holistic benefits of group drumming in senior living environments have been well studied and documented," said Wesley's Music Therapy Coordinator Leslie Lehnhoff. "Evidence-based research supports music-making in general and specifically group drumming. I did additional research and discovered that drum circles are an excellent complementary music-based activity in senior living."
Though we all enjoy music, many people cannot or do not want to engage with other music groups, such as choirs, hand bells or ukulele groups. These all require the reading of musical notation. However, drumming group participants do not need to know how to read music. The drum circle facilitator provides all necessary instruction, demonstration and mentoring so that all participants are able to make rhythms on their drums.
Here's what drumming does for participants:
- Utilizes left and right brain hemispheres – When the logical left and the intuitive right hemispheres of our brains begin to pulsate together, our inner guidance system, our intuition, becomes stronger.
- Synchronizes the brain – Integrating the non-verbal lower areas of the brain with the language and reasoning frontal cortex produces feelings of insight and certainty.
- Induces a natural high – When our brain changes from Beta waves, used when we concentrate, to Alpha waves, we feel calm and relaxed. Alpha wave activity is associated with feelings of well-being and euphoria, which is why meditation and other integrative modes of consciousness are often recommended for people who are depressed or anxious.
With a grant from the Wesley Community Foundation, the Wesley drum circles were established in 2017 on both the Des Moines and Lea Hill campuses. In creating these resident-based drumming circles, Leslie drew on her previous experiences working with therapeutic music in senior populations. This popular program draws in nearly 65 participants on both campuses and is proving to be a powerful social and physical health tool in Wesley's therapeutic group of music programs.
Drum circles meet twice a month on each campus. To join one, contact Leslie at _PHONE_ or email _EMAIL_.


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I want to get the string length when a key is pressed like StackOverflow does.
Example of StackOverflow showing length
I have tried to do this with onblur, but it's not working. How do I do this?
share|improve this question
use onkeyup/onkeydown event. Could you post the code you tried? – Fabrizio Calderan Jun 15 '12 at 8:02
Is your problem really getting the length of a string? – Bergi Jun 15 '12 at 8:04
onblur refers to the opposite of focus, i.e. you are leaving the field. This is not the appropriate event handler. – Jeff Watkins Jun 15 '12 at 8:04
He just ask for the right event to bind a function to – Trinh Hoang Nhu Jun 15 '12 at 8:07
8 Answers 8
up vote 25 down vote accepted
As for the question which event you should use for this: use the input event, and fall back to keyup/keydown in older browsers.
Here's an example, DOM0-style:
someElement.oninput = function() {
 this.onkeydown = null;
 // Your code goes here
someElement.onkeydown = function() {
 // Your code goes here
The other question is how to count the number of characters in the string. Depending on your definition of "character", all answers posted so far are incorrect. The string.length answer is only reliable when you're certain that only BMP Unicode symbols will be entered. For example, 'a'.length == 1, as you'd expect.
However, for supplementary (non-BMP) symbols, things are a bit different. For example, '𝌆'.length == 2, even though there's only one Unicode symbol there. This is because JavaScript exposes UCS-2 code units as "characters".
Luckily, it's still possible to count the number of Unicode symbols in a JavaScript string through some hackery. You could use Punycode.js's utility functions to convert between UCS-2 strings and Unicode code points for this:
// 'String.length' replacement that only counts full Unicode characters
punycode.ucs2.decode('a').length; // 1
punycode.ucs2.decode('𝌆').length; // 1 (note that ''𝌆'.length == 2'!)
P.S. I just noticed the counter script that Stack Overflow uses gets this wrong. Try entering 𝌆, and you'll see that it (incorrectly) counts as two characters.
share|improve this answer
𝌆 isn't even supported by standard Microsoft web fonts, so the likelihood of its usage is quite low, imho. EDIT: I could be wrong... It definitely doesn't appear in the answer body above, tho. – bvukelic Jul 25 '12 at 12:34
It's just an example. Feel free to replace it with any astral (i.e. non-BMP) Unicode symbol. – Mathias Bynens Jul 25 '12 at 13:16
Thanks for pointing that out. Most english speakers overlook that problem. – Gastón Sánchez Jan 6 '14 at 3:38
Use keyup event:
0
var inp = document.getElementById('myinput');
var chars = document.getElementById('chars');
inp.onkeyup = function() {
 chars.innerHTML = inp.value.length;
Just a note for those that suggest keydown. That won't work. The keydown fires before character is added to the input box or textarea, so the length of the value would be wrong (one step behind). Therefore, the only solution that works is keyup, which fires after the character is added.
share|improve this answer
I suggest you post your code here too - its more helpful when the target site it unavailable – ManseUK Jun 15 '12 at 8:08
Thanks for suggestion. Updated. – bvukelic Jun 15 '12 at 8:12
This is outdated advice. Use the more appropriate input event where available, then fall back to keyup/keydown. Also, note that this doesn't count the number of symbols in the string correctly. – Mathias Bynens Jun 15 '12 at 9:42
It might not be cutting edge, but it seems to work rather well. It's certainly not deprecated (at least not to my knowledge). – bvukelic Jun 15 '12 at 9:44
_USER_ The keyup event won't fire if you enter text by pasting (without using the keyboard), or by dragging text in; or when dictating text, for example. The input event does. As a bonus, the input event fires before you even lift up your key — making it feel much faster. – Mathias Bynens Jun 15 '12 at 13:08
You should bind a function to keyup event
textarea.keyup = function(){
with jquery
 var length = $(this).val().length;
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function cool(d)
it will return the length of string
Instead of blur use keydown event
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 var myString ='sample String'; var length = myString.length ;
first you need to defined a keypressed handler or some kind of a event trigger to listen, btw, getting the length is really simple like mentioned above
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The quick and dirty way would be to simple bind to the keyup event. For example : _URL_
 $('_TAG_').text('you typed'+ this.value.length +'characters');
But better would be to bind a reusable function to several events. For example also to the change(), so you can also anticipate text changes such as pastes (with the context menu, shortcuts would also be caught by the keyup )
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I'm not sure what you mean by having tried it onblur, but to get the length of any string, use its.length property, so in the case of a textbox or textarea:
Changing that ID, of course, to whatever the actual ID is.
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The OP is talking about the event used - onblur – ManseUK Jun 15 '12 at 8:09
Basically: assign a keyup handler to the element, in it count the length of the and write the count to a separate if its length is shorter than a minimum value.
Here's is an example
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text:
Keys are unique identifiers that you provide as a parameter when you perform any operation on data. The following applies to keys:
Keys are strings, typically enclosed by quotes for any given SDK.
No spaces are allowed in a key.
Separators and identifiers are allowed, such as underscore: 'person_93847'.
A key must be unique within a bucket; if you attempt to
store the same key in a bucket, it will either overwrite the
value or return an error in the case of
Maximum key size is 250 bytes. Couchbase Server stores all keys in RAM and does not remove these keys to free up space in RAM. Take this into consideration when you select keys and key length for your application.
This last point about key size is important if you consider the size of keys stored for tens or hundreds of millions of records. One hundred million keys which are 70 Bytes each plus meta data at 150 Bytes each will require about 45 GB of RAM for document meta data.


Psychology Wiki
Redirected from Motile
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Motility is a biological term which refers to the ability to move spontaneously and actively, consuming energy in the process. Most animals are motile but the term applies to single-celled and simple multicellular organisms, as well as to some mechanisms of fluid flow in multicellular organs, in addition to animal locomotion. Motile marine animals are commonly called free-swimming.
The opposite of motility is sessility.
Motility may also refer to an organism's ability to move food through its digestive tract, i.e., peristaltics (gut motility, intestinal motility, etc.).[1]
Movements can be:
See alsoEdit
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text:
Education / Sustainable
Design competition entry
Archasm School Without Classrooms Competition Entry
Collaboration with Lauren Peterson
People as gardeners. One of the most basic and fundamental roles of mankind, but unfortunately one that is often forgotten. As caretakers of the earth and the resources therein, we are in need of redemption. The focus of this school – in theory, program, and design – is to focus the education of future generations on ecology and conservation.
In the Ecological Conservation Academy, formal classrooms are eliminated. Open floor plans allow education to happen organically and specifically for each group, individual, or topic. Unique applications of sustainable practices are incorporated throughout the enclosure of the tower – the building acts as both a sustainable machine and an educational resource.
Rooting the base are planters and agriculture, which engage and connect the Academy with the entirety of the Freizeitgelande Tempelhofer Field. Here, students tend to plants and crops, working in the dirt as gardeners. Water collection and filtration happens in the middle tier of the tower. Bird habitats are incorporated towards the top of the tower, along with air purification.
This proposal reaches beyond the site of the school to integrate the entire Freizeitgelande Tempelhofer Field into the educational mission of the Academy. Through doing so, this open space is repurposed for community use. Portions of the old airport are maintained and improved for public entertainment, recreation, and gardening – functions that are informally served currently. The majority of the open green space is converted to a forest preserve for both public enjoyment and educational use.


text: Multimodal learning analytics (MMLA), which has become increasingly popular, can help provide an accurate understanding of learning processes. However, it is still unclear how multimodal data is integrated into MMLA. By following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, this paper systematically surveys 346 articles on MMLA published during the past three years. For this purpose, we first present a conceptual model for reviewing these articles from three dimensions: data types, learning indicators, and data fusion. Based on this model, we then answer the following questions: 1. What types of data and learning indicators are used in MMLA, together with their relationships; and 2. What are the classifications of the data fusion methods in MMLA. Finally, we point out the key stages in data fusion and the future research direction in MMLA. Our main findings from this review are (a) The data in MMLA are classified into digital data, physical data, physiological data, psychometric data, and environment data; (b) The learning indicators are behavior, cognition, emotion, collaboration, and engagement; (c) The relationships between multimodal data and learning indicators are one-to-one, one-to-any, and many-to-one. The complex relationships between multimodal data and learning indicators are the key for data fusion; (d) The main data fusion methods in MMLA are many-to-one, many-to-many and multiple validations among multimodal data; and (e) Multimodal data fusion can be characterized by the multimodality of data, multi-dimension of indicators, and diversity of methods.


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In ancient Greece, a mutation arose that resulted in some sheep with Golden Fleece compared to the regular white fleece. However, it was discovered that true-breeding golden-fleeced sheep were impossible to obtain.
- What does it mean by true breeding? (2 marks)
- What is required for a line to become true breeding? (2 marks)
- Propose a genetic reason (hypothesis) why true-breeding golden fleeced sheep may not be possible. Include in your answer symbols to indicate how the phenotypes are related to genotypes. (4 marks)
- What phenotypic ratio would you expect in the progeny if you crossed two sheep both having golden fleece, using your hypothesis? (4 marks)


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Well, there's already a question like this here so that my question could be considered duplicate, but I'll try to make my point clear. Is there a way to derive Biot-Savart law from the Lorentz' Force law or just from Maxwell's Equations? The point is that we usually defined based on experiments that the force felt by a moving charge on the presence of a magnetic field is $F = qv\times B$, now can this be used in some way to obtain Biot-Savart law like we obtain the equation for the electric field directly from Coulomb's Force law?
And I wanted to know that because as pointed out in the question I've mentioned, although Maxwell's Equations can be considered more fundamental, those equations are obtained after we know Coulomb's and Biot-Savart's laws, so if we start with Maxwell's Equations to obtain Biot-Savart's having use it to find Maxwell's Equations then I think we'll fall into a circular argument. In that case, without recoursing to Maxwell's Equations the only way to obtain Biot-Savart's law is through observations or can it be derived somehow?
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Neither Maxwell nor Biot-Savart are fundamental - all such formulas follow from Coulomb and a well-chosen definition of $B$, as mentioned tangentially in this short rant. – Chris White Jun 8 '13 at 20:13
2 Answers 2
$\def\VA{{\bf A}} \def\VB{{\bf B}} \def\VJ{{\bf J}} \def\VE{{\bf E}} \def\vr{{\bf r}}$The Biot-Savart law is a consequence of Maxwell's equations.
We assume Maxwell's equations and choose the Coulomb gauge, $\nabla\cdot\VA = 0$. Then $$\nabla\times\VB = \nabla\times(\nabla\times\VA) = \nabla(\nabla\cdot\VA) - \nabla^2\VA = -\nabla^2\VA.$$ But $$\nabla\times\VB - \frac{1}{c^2}\frac{\partial\VE}{\partial t} = \mu_0 \VJ.$$ In the steady state this implies $$\nabla^2\VA = -\mu_0 \VJ.$$ Thus, we have Poisson's equation for each component of the above equation. The solution is $$\VA(\vr) = \frac{\mu_0}{4\pi}\int \frac{\VJ(\vr')}{|\vr-\vr'|}d^3 r'.$$ Now we need only calculate $\VB = \nabla\times\VA$. But $$\nabla\times\frac{\VJ(\vr')}{|\vr-\vr'|} = \frac{\VJ(\vr')\times(\vr-\vr')}{|\vr-\vr'|^3}$$ and so $$\VB(\vr) = \frac{\mu_0}{4\pi}\int \frac{\VJ(\vr')\times(\vr-\vr')}{|\vr-\vr'|^3} d^3 r'.$$ This is the Biot-Savart law for a wire of finite thickness. For a thin wire this reduces to $$\VB(\vr) = \frac{\mu_0}{4\pi}\int \frac{I d{\bf l}\times(\vr-\vr')}{|\vr-\vr'|^3}.$$
Addendum: In mathematics and science it is important to keep in mind the distinction between the historical and the logical development of a subject. Knowing the history of a subject can be useful to get a sense of the personalities involved and sometimes to develop an intuition about the subject. The logical presentation of the subject is the way practitioners think about it. It encapsulates the main ideas in the most complete and simple fashion. From this standpoint, electromagnetism is the study of Maxwell's equations and the Lorentz force law. Everything else is secondary, including the Biot-Savart law.
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But how I've seen it done, Maxwell's equations are derived from the biot-savart law, which would make this circular. – JLA Jun 8 '13 at 20:24
_USER_: I've added something to address the "circularity" you refer to. – user26872 Jun 8 '13 at 23:00
It may be true that in days of yore people measured the force resulting from a filamentary current, discovering the Biot-Savart law, and then in turn used that as inspiration to construct Maxwell's equations. If that's how it actually happened historically, fine.
But this is analogous to some alien archaeologist 10 million years from now finding a skeletal hand and foot in the Earth. From the hand, the archaeologist comes to understand what the animal who had that hand liked to do with it: that it could grasp and use tools and so on. From the foot, the archaeologist it comes to understand that the animal it belonged to walked on two legs and that it typically weighed in adulthood around 100-300 pounds.
Only later does the archaeologist that the hand and the foot both belonged to the same animal--a human being. But the nature of the work means that the puzzle of what a human being was has to be broken down into chunks that can be individually understood before the whole picture can come together. That said, it would be backwards to suggest the hand and the foot are more fundamental than the human being itself.
The Maxwell equations have been constructed to be consistent with the Biot-Savart law and other pieces of information, like Coulomb's law. Thus, you can derive Biot-Savart from Maxwell, but not the other way around, for Maxwell is more general and all-encompassing.
If you already know the Lorentz force law, you can infer the strength of the magnetic field from a wire just by shooting charged test particles near the wire and observing their motion. But this calls into question how you already know the Lorentz force law, and so on.
You can go in circles all day over what is or is not fundamental, over what must be based on experimental observation and what is merely constructed to be consistent with those observations, but often there's a preference for "simple" experimental observations being considered fundamental vs. theoretical constructs that incorporate many such observations--see Chris White's comment that Maxwell's equations can be derived from Coulomb's law and some other stuff.
To me, this is silly. Maxwell's equations incorporate the sum total of our observations (those that fit the classical regime, at least). To me, it is what we know about classical electromagnetism. To say that you can derive Maxwell's equation with only one result plus a few assumptions...well, it misses the point that those assumptions also had to be tested and verified in the first place. To me, it is very very backwards to single out special cases (pure electric, pure magnetic, static or dynamic fields) and treat them as "fundamental".
Edit: but really, a physicist needs to work in both directions. To create new theory, we often have special cases that we don't know are connected and must bridge them together. That's building Maxwell's equations from Coulomb's law and Biot-Savart. To analyze a particular problem most easily, one we're not sure there is a special-case formula for, we must resort to the most general description (Maxwell) and try to reduce it down to something simpler and easier to solve (in the case of no current and no time-dependence, you can get back to Coulomb's law). Both approaches are necessary to be as flexible as possible.
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We made sugar cube sculptures. What a fun and surprising lesson in building, painting, and dissolving!
- Box of sugar cubes
- Glue bottle
- Sturdy base to glue onto
- Paint in squeezy bottles
Boxes of sugar cubers were harder to find than I thought, but I ultimately found them at our big supermarket (and bought 2!). We used scrap wood for the base, basic Elmer's school glue, and Nancy Bottles for the paint.
I suggested that we could build a sculpture with the sugar cubes, and presented N with the materials. That's all she needed to hear before she began to glue the cubes onto the panel.
And stack them up tall.
You can see that this isn't the strongest structure in the world!! I filled some Nancy Bottles with watered down BioColor paint, which my daughter then squeezed all over the sculpture. Because the water acted as a dissolving agent, if I were to do this again I'd use straight-up paint without the additional water.
It's looking a little patriotic, no?
And it end up in this beautiful heap of swirly, melting color. Not exactly what I imagined when we started, but it did lead to some wonderful conversations about dissolving. We only used about 1/10 of the sugar cubes to make the sculpture, so why not set up a dissolving experiment with the rest of the cubes?!
The next day N turned the remaining cubes into sugar water in under five minutes. It was quick, but what a great lesson and experience!


The impact of a criminal charge on your college career
The impact of a criminal charge on your college career
| Jun 9, 2020 | Drug crimes |
For many young adults, getting into college may seem like an achievement in and of itself. However, quite a few people have to work hard to find ways to pay for college, and many students who start don't finish.
Some aspiring collegiates will drop out because of the academically-rigorous requirements of higher education. Others will have no choice but to set aside their desire for a degree when they wind up facing criminal charges.
College can present opportunities to get in trouble
For many students, their time in college is when they learn about themselves by experimenting with drugs and alcohol, pursuing brief romantic relationships and generally making as many mistakes as possible. Learning from those mistakes and experiments can help turn a young adult into a responsible and contributing member of society.
Although college can be a time of social experimentation and personal growth, drinking, drugs and intense interpersonal interactions can all potentially result in criminal charges. College students may have disproportionately more serious consequences when compared with the average young adults if they get arrested and charged with a crime.
A conviction can affect your enrollment
Depending on the school and program that you enrolled in, there may be specific behavioral requirements or restrictions that affect your ability to enroll. Some colleges have student handbooks that forbid any kind of criminal activity, while others have more vague policies that may require a hearing for those convicted of a crime.
Some schools will end their in-house financial aid for a student with a criminal conviction, while others may rescind their offer of enrollment for that student, end their eligibility for athletics or even require that a student find off-campus housing in order to remain enrolled.
Criminal convictions can affect scholarships and other financial aid
Paying for college is a massive challenge for many young adults. Scholarship, subsidized loans, grants and work-study programs to help make college tuition a feasible expenditure for many people enrolled in college.
Unfortunately, many kinds of convictions, including drug convictions, can prevent someone from receiving federal student aid, sometimes indefinitely. Defending yourself against allegations now will protect your enrollment in college and your ability to pay for your education.


text:
Description of Service
The Florida Spinal Cord Injury Resource Center (FSCIRC), established in January 1994, serves as the statewide clearinghouse of SCI resource information for persons who have survived an SCI, their families and friends, healthcare professionals, support groups, the media, and the general public. The purpose and benefits in operating such a center are to:
- Increase knowledge of SCI related resources.
- Help prevent secondary medical complications resulting from lack of knowledge.
- Foster independence through self-knowledge.
- Provide immediate access to current SCI resource information when needed by consumers throughout their lifetime.
- Provides newly injured clients with resource information specific to traumatic spinal cord injury. This information is distributed to the BSCIP regional offices in backpacks that case managers deliver and discuss with newly injured clients. The FSCIRC also maintains a resource library, toll-free telephone line, and web page to provide information to consumers, family members, and professionals. The resource center provides education and training on the medical and psychosocial issues related to spinal cord injuries to third-year medical students attending state universities in Florida. The center also conducts awareness education to selected high schools highlighting the cause of spinal cord injury and the actions that should be taken to reduce the chance of injury.
- Recruits peer mentors with spinal cord injuries, coordinates the background checks, provides training and certification. Assigns peer mentors to newly injured clients. Coordinates payments to peer mentors for travel.
- Conducts ongoing satisfaction surveys on all BSCIP clients successfully reintegrated back into the community. The purpose of these surveys are to ensure clients were provided appropriate information, were able to access federal, state and community resources, and were not experiencing issues impacting their health and safety. Provides information on resources available to address any issues identified in these surveys.
- Conducts one year follow-up survey to assess client's status in the community. Provide clients with technical assistance to address any issues they may be experiencing.


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Need this equivalent outcome on PostgreSQL on this MySQL query.
select id, 'ID1' from supportContacts
Idea is to Join a Column with table name and row values equals to ID1.
Executing the same query on PostgreSQL gives the desired row values but gives?column? uknown as column name.
Which PostgreSQL query will give the exact output?
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2 Answers 2
up vote 3 down vote accepted
Add a column alias to assign a name of your choosing. Else the system applies defaults.
To assign a type, use an explicit cast. I cast to text here:
SELECT id, 'ID1'::text AS "ID1" FROM supportContacts
Or use the SQL standard cast() to make it portable:
SELECT id, cast('ID1' AS varchar) AS "ID1" FROM "supportContacts"
For portability, make sure that MySQL runs with SET sql_mode = 'ANSI'.
Also, unquoted CaMeL-case names like supportContacts are cast to lower case in PostgreSQL. Use "supportContacts" or supportcontacts depending on the actual table name.
Start by reading the excellent manual here for basics about identifiers.
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What about MySQL will the default TYPE be 'text'? – jacktrades Dec 6 '12 at 13:35
_USER_: Added a line about type cast. – Erwin Brandstetter Dec 6 '12 at 13:38
You can find answer in SQL Fiddle here
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text:
From the Cheomseongdae observatory in Silla to modern semiconductor technology, the history of science and civilization in Korea will be published in the Science and Civilization in Korea (SCK) series. Funded by the Ministry of Education, and directed by the Korean Studies Promotion Service under the Academy of Korean Studies, the large-scale publishing project will receive an investment of 5 billion won for 10 years from December 2010 to November 2020. The Korean Research Institute of Science, Technology and Civilization (Director Shin Dongwon) has been installed at Chonbuk National University to take charge of operations. Following the example of the Science and Civilisation in China series published by the Needham Research Institute in Cambridge, the center plans to release its own collection of science and civilization in Korea.
Targeted at both general readers and scholars, the Science and Civilization in Korea series will consist of 37 volumes – 16 on pre-modern history, 14 on modern and contemporary times, and 7 in English. The project has been proceeding in 3 phases (3+3+4 years). The first 3-year phase that commenced in December 2010 will produce 11 Korean volumes and 1 English volume. The Korean volumes focus on the following topics.
- Donguibogam and the History of East Asian Medicine
- History of Traditional Korean Geography
- History of Transportation in Pre-Modern Korea
- Science and Technology in the Sejong Era
- Traditional Science and Western Science
- History of Astronomy in Korea
- The Beginnings of Modern Science and Technology
- Korea's Green Revolution and Modern Agriculture
- Structure of S&T Revolution in Modern Korea
- Establishment and Development of Research Institutes in Korea
- History of Science and Technology Polices in Modern Korea
The Korean series will be published by Dulnyouk Publishing. Encompassing both traditional and modern history, the series attempts to challenge the stereotypical view of East Asian science and civilization that regards Western science as the yardstick, and to introduce distinct characteristics of Korea without being shadowed by Chinese ethnocentrism. This will present the world with a more accurate picture of science and civilization in Korea, and provide a model for the development of science and technology in developing countries based on the standards set by Korea in recent times. This series is expected to play a significant role in forming a balanced understanding of science and civilization not only in Korea, but to the whole of East Asia.
The followings are the topics for phase 2.
- Bronze and Iron Technology in Ancient Korea
- Civil Works in Ancient Korea
- Korean Alphabet (Hangeul) and Korean Civilization
- Women in Korean History of Science
- Science and Religion in Korea
Topics for phase 3 have been temporarily scheduled as follows.
- Industrial Revolution in Korea
- Modern History of Medicine in Korea
- History of Engineers in Korea
- Ideological/Social/Historical Background of Science and Technology in Korea
- History of Mathematics in Korea
- Farming Technology and Korean Civilization
- History of Natural History in Korea
- Ceramic Technology and Korean Civilization
- Printing/Papermaking and Korean Civilization
- Military Technology and Korean Civilization
- History of Architecture in Korea
- History of Biology in Modern and Contemporary Korea
- Development History of Semiconductor Technology in Korea
- Social History of Science and Technology in Korea
- History of Science and Civilization in Korea (to be covered in Korean)
SCK English volumes
The 7 English volumes will be prepared in English and distributed through the Cambridge University Press. This series will examine the history and characteristics of traditional and modern science in Korea. Through this comprehensive exploration, we hope to expand our knowledge of the history of science in East Asia and beyond. Traditional Korean science reached a very high level of scholarly achievement in many disciplines, including astronomy, geomancy, mathematics, and medicine. It accomplished this in conjunction with Chinese and Japanese science, but science in each of these three countries developed its own unique characteristics. The relationship between Chinese civilization and Korean science could probably be compared to that between Roman civilization and English science. During the modern period, Korea is a rare example of a destitute developing country in which science grew rapidly within a very short time, helping catapult the nation to advanced industrialized status. By understanding the history of science in Korea, a minor civilization, we can deepen and expand our understanding of the history of science in East Asia and throughout the world.
East Asian culture is often understood as a single cultural sphere with China at its center. However, even in China, many cultures have existed. Also, interchanges among China, Korea, and Japan played a substantial role in the formation and development of East Asian culture. Because of its location, Korea played a crucial role in these interchanges, as a bridge between the Chinese continent and the Japanese archipelago. Therefore, it is essential to understand Korean history of science in order to understand the history of science and civilization in East Asia.
Although Korea, China, and Japan share traditions, they also developed extensive traditions specific to each. While Chinese and Japanese traditions are relatively well known, Korean traditions are known to a much smaller degree. For example, people rarely know about Hangul's role in the dissemination of scientific knowledge; the development of metal culture in Korea, including printing types; or Korea's unique progress in medicine and cartography. By exploring both universal and specific aspects of the history of Korean science, this series will locate that history within the larger context of East Asian and world science.
This series adopts an approach different from that of previous books on the history of science in China and Japan. First, it avoids the sinocentric and modernistic biases. Joseph Needham's Science and Civilization in China is a masterpiece that presents the remarkable achievements made by Chinese science and civilization in various disciplines. However, it rarely discusses how Chinese science was influenced by interactions with the sciences in neighboring countries like Korea and Japan. It also tends to judge traditional science from the perspective of modern science. We intend to discuss the history of science in Korea in the context of its interaction with science in other East Asian countries. This will enable us to organically understand East Asian civilizations within the framework of the dynamic between center and periphery rather than just offer a parallel history of science of another country. Second, we avoid a nationalistic approach. Recently, scholars of China, Japan, and Korea have tended to describe each country's history of science as an independent entity, based on a nationalist perspective, rather than understanding it as part of the larger history of East Asian science. Instead, we will address both the universal and specific characteristics of each national history of science.
Considering the level of achievement in traditional science in Korea, the rapid development of modern science there is unsurprising. Korean science had always kept up with the level of science in China throughout the historical era and in some ways surpassed it during King Sejong's reign. In general, although traditional Korean science was not necessarily pioneering, it disseminated, intensified, and modified scientific achievements imported from neighboring countries. It also contributed to the development of some disciplines at the "center" by providing feedback, a pattern that continued to the modern era. By focusing on ways in which science in the "periphery" contributes to the dissemination, modification, and intensification of science in the "center" our study of Korean science will also expend understanding of the history of world science.
Topics for SCK (E) have been temporarily scheduled as follows.
- History of Science and Technology in Korea
- History of Astronomy in Korea
- Compressed Development of Science and Technology under the Authoritarian Regime in South Korea
- History of the Body and Medicine in Korean Civilization
- Source Book for the Korean History of Science
- Mathematics and the History of Korean Civilization
- Imperialism, Colonialism, Post-colonialism and Technoscience in Korea
- Dynamics of Technological development in Korean industrialization
- West and Korea in the History of Science and Technology
- History of Korean Geomancy (to be covered in English)


text:
In my years of OT work with students, intervention for improving visual motor skills included many activities. When needing to support students ability to produce artwork in classroom projects or in art class using step by step drawing tasks focusing on production of people, animals and objects using basic shapes in a sequential fashion. One of my pre-digital favorite resources for step by step drawing were the books by Ed Emberly who created his Big Orange, Big Green, Big Purple and more books that displayed step by step instructions of animals, insects and other things kids would be drawing (and because I can't draw either). Although those still are great resources (if you find them in the library they are among the tattered, frequently used and loved books), of course there are also an apps for that providing step by step drawing instruction.
iLuv Drawing – Made by Learn with Fun Apps has created this step by step drawing app that is created with easy tools in a simple tracing format with audio instructions. Currently free, this app provides instruction for drawing 40 different animals using crayons, markers and other tools. Easy to use with a step by step method and audio of creating a digital picture, this app can be used for preschool through early elementary aged students.
iLuv Drawing also allow you to email your creations for printing and sharing. Here is a great review of iLuv Drawing from Technology in (Spl) Education. Available for iPad only.
Learn with Fun Apps also is the developer of the iLuv Drawing Santa app previously reviewed in an earlier posting on holiday apps. With the same kind of step by step drawing instructions, this app provides great seasonal visual motor activities with models of christmas tree, snowman and bell and other season items to draw through the winter months. Made for the iPad and also currently free!
These apps are a great addition to your OT itool kit and free helps you fill your tool kit without emptying your pocket book! What a great gift! Thank you Learn with Fun Apps!
PSLearn with Fun Apps also have some maze apps I haven't trialed but would be worth checking out from experience with iLuv Drawing apps!


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Aquatic Warbler project - An introduction to aquatic warbler conservation in Western Pomerania
The Aquatic Warbler (Acrocephalus paludicola) is a globally threatened bird species. Around 1900, it was one of the most widespread birds in Central-European fen mires. The population severely decreased as a consequence of wetland drainage. Distinct genetic differences to all other known populations suggest that the remaining birds in Western Pomerania are the last survivors of a separated, presumably large Central European population. Its conservation has high priority, but it is hampered by insufficient knowledge on habitat requirements of the species in Western Pomerania. Additional threats emerge from conflicting land use interests. The coastal sites of the West-Pomeranian population are located around Szczecin bay and consist predominantly of Phragmites australis reeds. The sites in Lower Odra valley are situated on both sides of Odra river and have a mixed vegetation of sedges and grasses with Carex gracilis and Phalaris arundinacea dominating. All current breeding sites in Western Pomerania are being mown. First results of a comparison between sites currently used by Aquatic Warbler and sites recently abandoned show that the latter have a lower water level and a thicker litter layer. A PhD study on Aquatic Warbler habitat requirements and habitat restoration potential in Western Pomerania has recently started. A joint Polish-German EU-LIFE project targeting Aquatic Warbler conservation in Western Pomerania is planned.
Brochure, policy brief,...:


text:
Want More Education?
Delve deeper into the science behind skin care with —Skin Inc. Video Education!
Most Popular in:
Hair Removal Treatments
Depilation IS Skin Care
By: Lynn Maestro
Posted: November 24, 2009, from the December 2009 issue of Skin Inc. magazine.
page 4 of 5
State board regulations regarding protection from bloodborne pathogens states the ideal temperature for pathogens or bacterial growth is between 40–140°F. However, to ensure you are killing any potential viruses or bacterias, your products should be sterilized at a temperature exceeding 212°F. Obviously, 212°F is quite hot, and if your wax pot is set at that ideal sterilization temperature, you may very well be compromising the integrity of your clients' skin.
So what's the best way to ensure sterilization without burning clients? Testing the wax on your wrist before you apply it to the client's skin helps ensure it's at a comfortable temperature, as well as engaging the client by testing it on her wrist so she will be aware of the temperature. However, using multiple spatulas is really the only way to ensure a truly sanitary hair removal experience.
Double-dipping, or using the same spatula to dip wax from pot more than once, continues to be an area of concern in depilation. Unless you test your wax each and every time you use it, there is no way to be certain your product hasn't been contaminated with infected bloodborne pathogens. And if your wax had been contaminated, it significantly increases the risk of cross-contamination if you double-dip. Typically, switching to a new spatula each time you dip into the wax eliminates this risk, so why not do it? Though its true supply costs can add up, many vendors and suppliers are willing to work with spas to provide such supplies at minimal—and sometimes even no—cost. So when supplies are available at such a reduced cost, why take the risk?
It may also be a good idea to conduct a sterilization experiment on your own: Submit a tin of your wax, some tools or other hair removal implements for bacteria and infectious matter testing. This is a service available through the CDC, and it gives you a good idea of how effective you are being with your sanitation, disinfection and sterilization efforts.
However, to really create the best environment for hair removal services, spa professionals need to work together. If everyone in the industry bans together in requesting sterilization standardizations from their state boards, OSHA and the CDC, it's possible the still-unanswered questions of sterilization temperatures and other techniques will finally be settled.


text:
Via: Numedeon, Inc – Whyville Launches Innovative Avatar Based Education Program To Help Children Cope With Stress
Working in collaboration with the MassachusettsSchool of Professional Psychology, Numedeon (please find also Whyville:Serious Games Inspiring Children's Fashion) last week launched an innovative new avatar -based effort to provide children mechanisms for coping with emotional concerns in their own lives.
Designed to introduce coping skills and techniques to children, a simulated avatar wanders into Whyville chat rooms and profess to be upset. Whyvillians in the chat rooms select question envelopes and then work together to figure out what is wrong, subsequently picking advice envelopes to offer to the avatar in distress. When sufficient appropriate advice has been offered, the avatar is no longer distressed and Whyvillians are rewarded with a "clam storm", in which Whyville's virtual currency rains from the sky.
In the few days since launch, more than 10,000 children have opened more than 100,000 question envelopes in an effort to better understand the emotional malady of the wandering avatar. Numedeon intends to expand this project to additional forms of emotional challenges for children.


Readers ask: Learning How To Publish An Online Magazine?
How do I publish an online magazine?
How To Publish Your Magazine Online
 1. Turn it into a website.
 2. Publish it as a downloadable PDF.
 3. Embed it using SlideShare.
 4. Use a third-party magazine hosting app.
 5. Conclusion.
Do online magazines make money?
Online publications generate revenue through banner ads, click-per-pay programs, links, affiliate programs, mailing lists and editorial opportunities. The publisher can sell its own banner ads directly to advertisers or use a program such as Google's AdSense, allowing the program to place ads on e-zine pages.
How can I publish a magazine online for free?
 1. 3 tools to publish a free magazine online. Home | Blog | Digital Publication | 3 tools to publish a free magazine online.
 2. ISSUU. ISSUU is quite versatile as they're not only focused on publishing digital magazines.
 3. PaperLit.
 4. Joomag.
How much does it cost to start an online magazine?
You might be interested: FAQ: What Is The Same In Online And Face To Face Learning?
How do you start an online magazine and make money?
In this post we'll cover 5 ways you can turn a profit with your online magazine.
 1. Use display advertising. As with traditional magazines, ads play a big role in funding e-magazines.
 2. Try native advertising.
 3. Make an app.
 4. Become a subscription service.
 5. Ask for donations.
How do I start an online magazine business?
How to Start an Online Magazine
 1. Pick a topic for your magazine.
 2. Do research to find out if there's a market for your idea.
 3. Think of a title for your magazine that includes search-engine optimized keywords.
 4. Get an Internet domain name.
 5. Decide if you're going to hire someone to design your website or if you're going to do it yourself.
Are magazines still profitable?
How do magazines make most of their money answers?
How do I publish an issue?
Publishing to Issuu for Digital Distribution
 1. Click on Publish in the top navigation menu.
 2. Add the title of your publication, a short description and the original publishing date of the document.
 3. Under Access, you can choose to make your document public or keep it unlisted.
 4. Choose whether to make your publication available for downloading.
Is issuu legal?
You do not need to worry about whether is Issuu legal. (If you would not have already guessed it: Issuu is legal – so continue reading to find out how Issuu works). Issuu, a Joomag alternative, will simply take those PDF files and convert them into flash readable content publications.
You might be interested: Question: How Is Online Learning Different From Bricks And Mofar Learning?
How do I start a small local magazine?
While starting a magazine might seem like too daunting an enterprise to attempt, it can be done with some careful planning and dedication.
 1. Do market research.
 2. Create a business plan that explains the ins and outs of your magazine.
 3. Get the content.
 4. Create the magazine on your computer.
 5. Lay out the content.
What is the number 1 magazine in the world?
What are the 3 types of magazines?
This guide offers an introduction to the three main types of periodicals –scholarly, trade, and popular–and ways to distinguish among them.
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Design Research, Storytelling, and Entrepreneur Women in Rural Costa Rica: a case study
Maria Gabriela Hernandez
University of Houston
Keywords: visual storytelling; rural ecotourism; design research; empathic design
This paper describes a project exploring design research practices and empathic design to produce context-specific knowledge to inform and facilitate visual storytelling, in collaboration with the Women's Association of Chira Island, a rural ecotourism association from the Pacific of Costa Rica. While their pioneering ecotourism projects have gained national recognition, its members have faced multiple challenges, including reassessing gender and social roles and furthering their capacity to support development in the community. Their experiences and stories became their most valuable asset, triggering the need to communicate them to benefit similar populations. The contents of this project were developed during three field research visits and two years of collaborative design work, employing " time," "space," and "voice" to contextualize the stories. This investigation resulted in printed materials and videos designed for mobility and easy reproduction to be used by the association as tools to inspire women in similar rural areas.
This paper is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International licence.
Cite this paper: Hernandez, M.G. (2016). Design Research, Storytelling, and Entrepreneur Women in Rural Costa Rica: a case study. Proceedings of DRS 2016, Design Research Society 50th Anniversary Conference. Brighton, UK, 27–30 June 2016.
This paper will be presented at DRS2016, find it in the conference programme


- 2 sheets of nori seaweed
 - 1 tbs. of j.c.m.
 - 1 tsp. from shoyu or tamari
 - 1 tbs. of roasted sesame seeds
 - • 1 tbs. of chopped chives
 1. Cut the nori leaves with their hands and place them in a small casserole dish. Add a bottom of water and soak 10 minutes.
 2. Then cook without lid until all the liquid has evaporated.
 3. Towards the end, add the shoyu or tamari and the concentrated apple juice.
 4. Stir well until a paté consistency is obtained.
 5. Add the sesame seeds (lightly ground) and finely chopped chives.


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What is ORCID?
Researchers and scholars face the ongoing challenge of distinguishing scholarly
activities from those of others with similar names. They need to be able to easily
and uniquely attach their identity to scholarly work, such as articles, citations,
grants, patents and datasets. As individuals collaborate across disciplines and
institutions, they must interact with an increasing number and diversity of information
systems. Entering data over and over again can be time-consuming, and often frustrating.
ORCID is an open, non-profit, community-based effort to reduce that frustration.
ORCID provides a registry of unique researcher identifiers and a transparent method
of linking research activities and outputs to these identifiers. An ORCID iD is
a persistent unique identifier that follows an individual throughout their career,
and looks something like "0000-0003-0423-208X."
ORCID records hold non-sensitive information such as name, email, organization,
and activities such as publication, grants, patents and other scholarly works. ORCID
provides tools for individuals to manage data privacy.
What is ORCID for additional information.
Why get an ORCID identifier?
Benefits of getting an ORCID iD include:
- Ensuring researchers get credit for their work
- Reducing time to identify scholarly output (see "Publisher integration," below)
- Enabling scholars to keep track of and report on their work with funders, publishers
- Repurposing data for use in CV generation, citation repositories, Profiles, annual
reports, faculty web-sites, and other systems (see "Grant submission integration,"
- Tying individuals to their scholarly work should make finding academic papers easier
and more accurate
Publisher integration: Elsevier, Thomson Reuters, Nature and other major publishers
have begun integrating ORCID iDs into the manuscript submission process, and embedding
ORCID identifiers across their scientific and scholarly research ecosystem. This
will save authors time during submission, and enable automatic updating of author
bibliographies when articles are published.
Grant submission integration: NIH, NSF and other federal agencies are planning to
integrate ORCID iDs into the ScienCV platform, for linking researchers, their grants,
and their scientific output. The US federal government has been working to create
a fed-wide profile system to streamline the grants and contract application process
and reduce the data entry burden for investigators, and ORCID holds promise to be
part of the solution.
What does the process entail?
There are benefits to having Profiles RNS initiate your ORCID record creation,
or reporting an existing ORCID, as it paves the way for data exchange between Profiles RNS
and ORCID on behalf of each scholar.
When Profiles RNS initiates the process, we will upload your name and email address to
create your ORCID record. Your email will be set as "public" within ORCID, unless
you are hidden in your instituion directory, in which case you will be set to "limited" (for
more on ORCID privacy settings, see the ORCID Privacy Settings). You always have
the ability to change these settings – the ORCID record is controlled by you, not
your institution. Individuals who are in Profiles RNS will be asked if they want
to push select information from Profiles RNS to ORCID at the time the ORCID record
ORCID will send you an email to claim your record. During the claim process they
will suggest you set the default privacy setting for new works to be "public." Data
labeled as either "public" or "limited" will be accessible by your institution. You may be asked
to allow your institution to be a Trusted Party (gain access to "limited" data), as a final step
after claiming your ORCID record. If you do not claim your record within 10 days,
it will become publicly visible. You can still claim the record at any time, and
we encourage you to do so.
For those not in Profiles RNS, or with no publication records showing in Profiles RNS,
you can opt to add works using alternative means, such as the ORCID to Scopus integration.
This option is available even if you have never used Scopus before. To use this,
once logged into ORCID, choose "Update works," then "Also see
Import Research Activities," to get the "Scopus to ORCID" option.
Additional information on the Scopus integration with ORCID can be found
here. You can use the same process but choose "CrossRef Metadata Search"
to search CrossRef's metadata on journal articles, conference proceedings
and monographs, and add results to your ORCID profile. Additional information on
the CrossRef Metadata search can be found here. Thomson Reuters will
be adding integration to Web of Knowledge from within ORCID soon.


Distance from USA
Nc to Pa distance
The driving distance or the travel distance from Nc to Pa is 489.4 Miles. The straight line distance from Nc to Pa is 389.2 Miles. The kilometer based traveling distance is 787.665 KM and the KM based straight line distance is 626.3 KM.
Nc location and Pa location
Nc is located at the latitude of 35.755432 and the longitude of -79._PHONE_. Nc is situated at the latitude of 41._PHONE_ and the longitude of -77._PHONE_. The traveling source point address is North Carolina, USA. The destination travel point address is Pennsylvania, USA.
Nc to Pa travel time
The travel time between Nc and Pa is 8.16 hours. We assumed that you are traveling at the speed of 60km per hour from Nc to Pa. The given travel time between Nc to Pa may vary based on the travel route, speed and consistent traveling.
Nc location and Pa fuel cost
The Fuel cost( Gas cost, Petrol cost) to travel from Nc location to Pa is 65.64 USD. The given fuel cost may vary based on the fuel consumption of your vehicle and varying price of the fuel. ;
Nc travel distance calculator
You are welcome to find the travel distance calculation from nc You are viewing the page distance from nc to pa. This page may provide answer for the following queries. what is the distance between Nc to Pa?. How far is Nc from Pa?. How many kilometers between Nc and Pa?. What is the travel time between Nc and Pa. How long will it take to reach Pa from Nc?. What is the geographical coordinates of Nc and Pa?. The given driving distance from Pa to Nc may vary based on various route.


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Welcome to the world of ice racing in New Hampshire! This thrilling and adrenaline-pumping sport is gaining popularity among motorsport enthusiasts, and for good reason. Ice racing combines the excitement of racing with the challenge of navigating icy surfaces, making it a unique and exhilarating experience.
What is Ice Racing?
Ice racing is a form of motorsport that takes place on frozen bodies of water, such as lakes or ponds. It involves racing vehicles, typically modified cars or motorcycles, on specially prepared ice tracks. These tracks are marked with cones or barricades to guide the racers, and the ice is often treated with chemicals to improve traction.
The History of Ice Racing
Ice racing has a rich history that dates back several decades. It originated in Scandinavia in the early 20th century, where it was primarily a means of transportation during the winter months. Over time, it evolved into a competitive sport, with organized races and dedicated tracks being established.
Ice Racing in New Hampshire
New Hampshire is a prime location for ice racing due to its cold winters and abundance of frozen lakes. The state has a strong motorsport culture, and ice racing has become a popular winter activity among enthusiasts. There are several ice racing events and clubs in New Hampshire, providing ample opportunities for both spectators and participants.
Types of Ice Racing Vehicles
Ice racing vehicles come in various shapes and sizes, each designed to handle the unique challenges of racing on ice. Here are some of the most common types:
Studded Tires vs. Non-Studded Tires
One of the key components of an ice racing vehicle is the tires. Studded tires are commonly used in ice racing as they provide superior traction on icy surfaces. These tires have metal studs embedded in the tread, which grip into the ice and provide stability during turns and acceleration. Non-studded tires, on the other hand, rely on specialized rubber compounds to improve grip.
Many ice racing enthusiasts modify their cars for optimal performance on ice. These modifications can include reinforcing the chassis, installing studded tires, adjusting suspension settings, and adding additional safety features. Modified cars are often lighter and more agile than their stock counterparts, allowing for better maneuverability on the ice.
Motorcycles and ATVs
In addition to cars, motorcycles and ATVs are also popular choices for ice racing. These vehicles are typically fitted with studded tires and have modified suspensions to handle the icy terrain. Ice racing on motorcycles and ATVs requires a high level of skill and balance, making it a thrilling and challenging experience.
While ice racing can be an exhilarating sport, it is important to prioritize safety. Here are some safety precautions to keep in mind:
Wearing the appropriate protective gear is crucial in ice racing. This includes a helmet, gloves, a racing suit, and sturdy boots. The gear should be designed specifically for motorsports and provide adequate protection in the event of a crash or collision.
Before participating in an ice racing event, it is essential to inspect the track for any potential hazards. This includes checking for cracks, holes, or other irregularities that could pose a risk to the racers. It is also important to ensure that the track has been properly marked and that there are clear boundaries in place.
Ice racing requires a unique set of skills, and it is important to receive proper training before hitting the ice. Many ice racing clubs offer training programs for beginners, teaching them the fundamentals of ice racing and emphasizing safety techniques. It is recommended to start with a qualified instructor and gradually build up your skills and confidence.
Being prepared for emergencies is essential in any motorsport, and ice racing is no exception. It is important to have a well-stocked first aid kit on hand, as well as communication devices in case of an emergency. Additionally, it is advisable to have a safety team or personnel present at the event to respond to any accidents or incidents.
Ice Racing Events in New Hampshire
New Hampshire hosts a variety of ice racing events throughout the winter season. These events attract both professional racers and enthusiasts, providing an exciting spectacle for spectators. Here are some notable ice racing events in New Hampshire:
New Hampshire Ice Racing Association (NHIRA) Championships
The NHIRA Championships are one of the most prestigious ice racing events in New Hampshire. This multi-day event features various classes of ice racing vehicles, including cars and motorcycles. The NHIRA Championships attract top racers from across the region, making it a must-see event for motorsport enthusiasts.
Ice Racing at Lake Winnipesaukee
Lake Winnipesaukee is a popular destination for ice racing in New Hampshire. The lake offers a vast expanse of frozen surface, perfect for setting up ice racing tracks. Several ice racing events take place on Lake Winnipesaukee, drawing both participants and spectators alike.
Ice Racing Festivals
Various ice racing festivals are held throughout New Hampshire, celebrating the sport and its enthusiasts. These festivals often feature live music, food vendors, and family-friendly activities, creating a festive atmosphere for all attendees. Ice racing festivals are a great way to experience the sport while enjoying the winter season.
Ice racing in New Hampshire is a thrilling and unique motorsport that combines speed, skill, and the challenge of icy terrain. Whether you're a spectator or a participant, ice racing offers an unforgettable experience that will get your heart racing. With its rich history, dedicated tracks, and exciting events, New Hampshire is the perfect destination for ice racing enthusiasts. So, bundle up, grab a hot cup of cocoa, and prepare to witness the adrenaline-fueled spectacle that is ice racing in New Hampshire.


text:
While still in the midst of their study abroad experiences, students at Linfield College write reflective essays. Their essays address issues of cultural similarity and difference, compare lifestyles, mores, norms, and habits between their host countries and home, and examine changes in perceptions about their host countries and the United States. In this essay, Anne Walkup describes her observations during her study abroad program at the University of Seville in Spain.
Walkup, Anne, "Person to Person in Spain" (2019). 2019-20 Field Notes. Essay. Submission 2.


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In a collaborative effort spanning several departments, MSU scientists will determine the functions of roughly 4,400 nuclear genes from the Arabidopsis plant. Arabidopsis is a flowering plant whose entire 29,000 gene sequence is known.
Scientists will focus on the genes which encode the chloroplast-targeted proteins that trigger photosynthesis. Understanding how these genes operate could yield significant breakthroughs in biotechnology and genomics worldwide, resulting in advances in human health and agriculture.
The chloroplast gives green plants their color and carries out photosynthesis and produces oxygen. It can be thought of as the world's life-support system. It is an attractive target for biotechnology because it produces many different molecules important to agriculture and human health, such as vegetable oils, starch for ethanol-based fuels, vitamin E and amino acids. Despite the many functions of a chloroplast, the MSU team estimates that it takes only around 4,000 genes to make a functional chloroplast, which is similar to a simple bacterium, rather than the tens of thousands of genes required to make a whole plant.
"If we completely understand the chloroplast, it should then be possible to engineer plants to be more productive harvesters of the sun's energy into biomass to decrease dependence on oil," said Robert Last, professor of biochemistry and molecular biology and plant biology at MSU. "We also will be able to more efficiently make nutrients important to human health. These include vitamins and heart-healthy oils."
The NSF's Arabidopsis 2010 project is a worldwide effort to catalogue the function of every gene in the plant C something ne
Contact: Robert Last
Michigan State University


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The nature of urban economic design in Kumasi, Ghana, is often reflective of neoliberal economic policies prescribed by Bretton Woods institutions during the economic reforms of the 1980s. The economic structure, which is characterized by uncertainties of formal jobs, has triggered people's ingenuity to engage in novel occupations. One economic activity that has gained popularity in Kumasi is vending of roasted traditional food (RTF) by women. This chapter explores how women have used vending of RTF to overcome years of acute austerity in the "paid" job market. It concentrates on the economic, spatial, and social networks that sustain this informal activity. Drawing on multiple data sources, the results confirm how the structure of the city space has consigned RTF vendors to obscurity, yet their activities are responding to the economic realities of time—increasing urbanization, limited job opportunities, and accumulation of poverty. As a survival strategy, the vendors have developed social connections with clients and made their place comfortable in order to claim their rightful place in the urban space economy. We conclude that given their contributions, the vendors must be appreciated as agents of change and part of the urban system.
Part of the book: Sustainability in Urban Planning and Design