The fight continues
The Supreme Court on Monday rejected the pleas to review the capital sentences of three assailants in a notorious gang rape and murder of a young college student that shook India in 2012, bringing them one step closer to eventual execution. Many will see this as a natural justice. The Nirbhaya incident shocked nation and forced government to bring in more stringent laws in order to protect the women. There was hope that sacrifice of Nirbhaya will not go in vain and country will become safer for women due to implementation of stricter laws.
In the years since, women's advocates say that the Nirbhaya case raised awareness, prompting more women to come forward if they're abused or assaulted, with authorities responding to the concerns with more closed-circuit security cameras and fast track courts for crimes against women. However question mark hinges over effectiveness of these courts. Also according to government crime data, the number of reported rapes continues to rise – from about 25,000 in 2012 to 38,000 in 2016. Earlier this year because of the continues rise in number of rape case, the union cabinet approved an emergency ordinance allowing the death penalty for the gang rape of children under the age of 12. However, one wonders whether it will have desired impact in years to come. Formulation of stringent law alone will not curb such heinous crime. The Indian society also needs to change its mentality towards the women.


text:
An American university professor has been teaching dogs, cats and horses to understand and use sign language for the past 10 years, according to this report.
She has had most success with dogs and teaches them one symbol at a time. At first she teaches them signs for commands associated with things they like such as food and toys, then trys to teach them more complex commands. She has managed to teach dogs to let their owners know when the phone's ringing, and to indicate what their symptoms are when they're ill.
One area in which sign language trained dogs would be especially useful, she thinks, is in search and rescue. She hopes to be able to teach the dogs to communicate such things as whether people are injured, their sex and how many of them there are. She is also trying to teach dogs signs meaning alive and dead.
There is also a simple form of sign language for deaf dogs, and there are suggestions for signs you could use with them for commands and to communicate other things on this page. This article describes how a deaf puppy learned signed commands, and this one gives more details of how to teach deaf dogs sign language.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Need inexpensive Mothers Day gift crafts for kids to make? Here are tutorials for homemade photo frames and gift crafts that teach measurement, geometry and other math skills. These Mothers Day gift crafts for kids are easy, economical, and eco-friendly. You will repurpose and reuse a lot of recycled trash in homemade photo frames and spend next to nothing!
Materials for Mothers Day picture frame crafts for kids
–cardboard boxes from cereal, pasta or any other similar sized box For lesson design, divide students into groups and give each student in each group a box of the same size. The groups can problem-solve and work interactively to measure the dimensions for the frame.
–wrapping paper or wallpaper scraps
–sharp scissors or paper cutter for older students
–glue wash (school glue watered down) in containers from recycling bin (Styrofoam trays, pie tins, yogurt cups, etc.) for wrapping paper.
–invisible tape for wallpaper.
–small foam brushes or paint brushes (for wrapping paper)
–old flat refrigerator magnets or tabs from soda pop cans
–hot glue gun
–photograph of each child
Directions for Mothers Day gift crafts for kids
–Measure photograph dimensions
–Measure and cut a window in the cardboard which is 1/2 inch smaller all the way around than the picture.
–Cut out a frame around the window which is about 2 inches wide.
–Choose a piece of wrapping paper or wallpaper to cover the cardboard picture frame crafts.
–Cut the paper so that it is 1 inch larger all around than the frame.
–Center the paper over homemade photo frames and make a small slit in the paper over the opening.
–Cut to enlarge the hole and form a rectangular hole in wrapping paper, an inch smaller than the hole in the cardboard.
–Cut one inch diagonally from each corner of wrapping paper. Gently fold the paper around the outer and inner edge of the frame to the back.
–If you use wrapping paper, decoupage it: Apply a coat of glue wash to affix the wrapping paper. Cover homemade photo frames with a layer of glue wash to make them shiny and protect them. If you use wallpaper, simply tape paper in place.
–With masking tape, attach the photos to the back of picture frame crafts, with image facing out.
–Attach a piece of paper over the back to hold the photo in place and center it inside picture frame crafts.
–Hot glue magnet or pop can tab to the back of the frame. You can use peel and stick magnet strips also.
Mothers Day is a time for memories and photo frames are the ideal gift crafts for kids. These pictures frames would be excellent for school homeschool, religious education, scout troop or senior center activity. Using recycled materials makes this an appropriate for Earth Day activity. For more picture frame crafts visit Green Crafts blog.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text: Family: Strombidae. Characteristics: Although they may look a little different, Spider Conchs belong to the same family as the beautiful Pink Conch. Young Spider Conchs that have yet to develop their "fingers" look more like members of the cone family. Once they reach maturity, they develop their spider-like "fingers" on the outer lip of the shell. Most live in shallow water, feeding on algae. Spider Conchs are commonly found in the Indo-Pacific region of the world. Interesting Facts: Females have longer fingers than the males.


The blog sums up the tips taken from one of the interviews of H. Rao Unnava, on the importance of branding in higher education. The Dean of UC Davis Graduate School of Management, he had shared some concepts with a group of Higher Ed officials focused on improving student recruitment, alumni, and donor engagement. He has more than 30 years of research experience in building and maintaining the Institution's brand loyalty. Let's get into what he has to say.
Branding in higher education to Build brand loyalty
Brand loyalty, here in this case education branding is very crucial to getting desired results in Higher Education. The importance of university branding is so intense that it makes a student become emotionally attached to the Institution and more likely to commit to it in terms of donations, referrals, or take some positive action. The journey from student experiences to alumni communications creates access to many different types of touchpoints and therefore many opportunities to build brand loyalty. The more the institutions take advantage of these opportunities to build meaningful engagement, the more loyal and committed the constituents to become.
Develop distinct brand experience
Developing a distinct brand experience begins when prospective students, donors, and others visit the campus. The firsthand experience and feeling of ownership when they are physically present enhances their emotions that can be essential to success. Enrolled students should feel inspired by the institution as they pursue their degrees. In addition, when alumni and donors have touchpoints or visits with the institution, they should feel like they are part of the community. These experiences will build brand loyalty. rebrand, and be returned as positive actions on behalf of the institution.
Exceed high expectations
Higher education Institutions have a deeper level of relationship compared to consumer brands, so there may be a high level of emotional investment that must be met by these institutions. Institutions should prove quality experiences that are consistent with the constituents' value system and expectations.
Involve constituents in branding decisions
Involving constituents in branding decisions might increase their feeling of ownership towards the Institution because they know that the Institution considered them. However, it is important to listen. If the institution comes out with a new identity that is against the values of the most constituted, then there is going to be an issue.
In short, the keys to Institution's brand loyalty are in our hands. Make a difference to the Institution by setting high expectations, informing and involving constituents, and creating a strong brand identity.
To learn more about Engage2Serve's mobility solutions and how they can help meet your institutional or program goals, please click here.


text:
Query: classification: "42.83"
|Title||Temporal and spatial patterns of laying in the Moluccan megapode Eulipoa wallacei (G.R. Gray)|
|Keywords||Moluccan megapode; Eulipoa wallacei; egg production; lunar synchrony|
|Abstract||The Moluccan megapode Eulipoa wallacei (G.R. Gray, 1860) lays its eggs at night in the sand at communal nesting beaches. The majority of the world's Moluccan megapode population rely on only two nesting grounds on the islands of Halmahera and Haruku, Indonesia. An understanding of the ecological characteristics of these breeding sites is thus important in terms of conservation. Studies of the largest of the two nesting grounds in Halmahera have shown specific temporal and spatial patterns of egg laying. In this paper I discuss the adaptive significance and conservation implications of these laying patterns.|
|Download paper|| _URL_ |


text:
NETW320 – Converged Networks with Lab
Lab #7 Title: CODEC Selection for a WAN
A codec is a device capable of performing encoding and decoding on a digital signal. Each codec provides a different level of speech quality. The reason for this is that codecs use different types of compression techniques in order to require less bandwidth. The more the compression, the less bandwidth you will require. However, this will ultimately be at the cost of sound quality, as high-compression/low-bandwidth algorithms will not have the same voice quality as low-compression/high-bandwidth algorithms. The following table shows three standard codec types along with their corresponding Coder Type, Bit Rate, Frame Size Delay, and Look Ahead Delay. These particular three were chosen because these are the ones we will use in this lab, but there are others. ITU Recommended Delay Values/G.114
Frame Size Delay (milliseconds)
Look Ahead Delay (milliseconds)
A common scale used to determine the quality of sound produced by various codecs is the mean opinion score (MOS). This standard is based on a scale from 1 to 5, where 1 is very poor and 5 is excellent. Here is a common table used to rate values of MOS.
No Meaning Understood
In this lab, you will build a wide-area network that will consist of several LANs spread across the country and connected via the Internet with two types of traffic: data and voice. You will configure three scenarios where the data and voice traffic generated will be held constant. The only parameter that you will alter will be the type of codec used. In the first scenario, the voice traffic will use G.711 (PCM); in the second scenario, the voice traffic will use G.729 (CS-ACELP); and the third scenario, the voice traffic will use G.723.1 (ACELP). By holding the traffic generated for the data and voice users constant, and only changing the codec values, we will be able to see how the varying bit rate of the specific codecs used will affect the end-to-end delay for the data traffic, the end-to-end delay for the voice traffic, and the packet delay variation for the voice traffic for a wide-area environment. Motivation
Deciding on what codec to use is a tradeoff between bandwidth and speech quality; the more bandwidth the codec uses, the better the speech quality will be. Here are the codecs we will use, along with their corresponding MOS values. Codes
However, this is not the only factor that must be considered. Delay will greatly affect the quality of voice traffic because it is real-time traffic. Words and responses to words must be received in a coherent and timely manner for the voice conversation to be tolerated by the users. Here is a table with ITU-T recommendations for the overall one-way delay times for voice traffic. ITU-T Recommend Acceptable One-Way Overall Delay Times/G.114 Range in Seconds
Range in Milliseconds
0 to 0.150
0 to 150
Acceptable for most user applications.
0.150 to 0.400
150 to 400
Acceptable, provided that administrators are aware of the transmission time and the impact it has on the transmission quality of user applications. Above 0.400
Unacceptable for general network planning purposes: it is recognized that in some exceptional cases this limit is exceeded.
The table shown in the introduction lists a Frame Size Delay and a Look Ahead Delay. The frame size refers to the time it takes the sender to transmit a frame. For complex compression algorithms that reduce bandwidth, this delay can...
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text:
The algorithm for extracting number plate can be summarized as:-
- 1.Capture image from webcam.
- 2.Store the captured image into a image file for further processing.
- 1.Identify the intensity of the image.
If image intensity = high Reduce intensity Else if intensity = low Increase intensity Else No change.2.Convert image into grayscale.
- 3.Calculate appropriate threshold value for the image.
- 4.Convert the image into binary image using the calculated threshold.
- 1.Fill small holes including numbers of Number plate so that number plate area will be large to isolate from figure. 2.Determine width and height of the image. 3.Scan each pixel of line counting number of white pixels in the following system,
If number of 'white' pixels < x; pixels become 'black' Else; no change If number of 'white' pixels > y; pixels become 'black' Else; no change The value of x and y may be changed according the image intensity and plate area.4. Use the step no. 3 for both horizontal and vertical direction.
- 5.Check number of possible areas.
- 6. Logically AND with binary image obtained at "Convert image into binary algorithm.
- 7.Crop the required area.
- 1.Filter the noise level present in the image.
- 2.Clip the plate area in such a way that only numbers of plate area extracted.
- 3.Separate each character from the plate.
- 1.Create the template file from the stored template images.
- 2.Resize image obtained from segmentation to the size of template.
- 3.Compare each character with the templates.
- 4.Store the best matched character.
- 1.Open a text file in write mode (append mode in case of the multiple records).
- 2.Store the character obtained from the number identification process to text file in given format.
- 3.Close the file
Pic 1:- Number plate that is to be extracted.
Open the main.m file in MATLAB.
Now run the main.m file in the MATLAB. It may prompt you to change the default directory. You can either change folder or Add to Path. Better change the directory.
You will get a messagebox showing the extracted number plate. Message box like this:-
The log file ( log.txt ) is maintained to keep track of the saved number plates ( which can be used in application level ). The log file content contains the number plate with the date saved.
In main.m there are certain lines which when commented can be used to see the step by step characters extraction.
Feel free to ask any queries if any problem occurred. I am using MATLAB 7.12.0 (R20011a) but it should work in all version.
Download the whole project here.
The project involving the number plate extraction :- ANPR(Automatic Number Plate Recognition) Using ALR(Automatic Line Tracking Robot).


text:
Step #1: Measure wire for the pendant.PrevNext
- Using square wire, form a loose loop around the stone that is 3⁄4" to 1" away from the stone all around. Cut at intersection of the loop. Or, using tape measure, find the circumference of the stone, add 3", and cut.
- This is your template for cutting the rest of the wire needed (at least 4 pieces this size) for the wrap. If working with a thicker stone, you'll need more wires. This group of wires is called the bundle.
Step #2: Wrap the stone.PrevNext
- Cut about 8" of half-round wire. You'll make more of these cuts later. Line up the square wire to form a flat sheet. All should curve in the same direction. This inside curve will be the "inside" of your piece.
- Making sure the flat side of the half-round is against the bundle of square wire, wrap 5–7 times (or more for a larger stone) around the bundle. This is called the wrap. It should be evenly wound and smooth, and loose enough to slide along the bundle.
- Cut loose ends of the half-round wire on inside curve of the bundle. The stone, once placed, will hold these ends in place, preventing them from unwinding. Start next wrap near previous one. This will work as a clamp to hold the bundle wires in line.
- Depending on the size and shape of your stone, you will need at least 4 of these wraps. To make wrapping easier, place them close together, and slide them into place later while shaping the wrapped bundle to fit your stone.
Step #3: Shape the wrapped bundle.PrevNext
- Find the bottom center of your stone, and moving the wraps into their proper places, bend the wrapped bundle with your fingers. Check the shape and location of wraps against the stone. Move the wraps to where they will best support the stone. This should be a loose fit with approximately 1/8" of room around the piece you are wrapping.
- Move the top 2 wraps to meet at the top of the stone. This will form the measuring point for the first bends in forming the bail. The bail is the top of the piece, which allows it to hang on a chain or cord.
Step #4: Close the circle.PrevNext
- After making sure the wrapped bundle is the proper size and shape, place your chain-nose pliers on one of the top wraps, and bend the unwrapped portion 90 degrees upward with your fingers. Repeat on the other side. Gently straighten the loose wires so that the 2 bent sections meet smoothly in the middle. You should now have something that looks like a bubble-blowing wand.
- Move one of the wires on the outside edge of the combined bundle and twist it slightly with the pin vise. This will harden the wire, making it stronger to contain the wire bundle without slipping.
- Wrap this wire 3 times around the bundle to secure the lower section of the piece, and leave the end uncut for now (you'll use it to wrap the bottom of the bail). Give these wraps a slight pinch with pliers to tighten them in place.
Step #5: Make the bail.PrevNext
- Determine which side is the front of your piece, and bend the front-most wires down 90 degrees toward the front. These front wires will be used for decorations to be added later. This junction of wires will also be a measuring point for the bail construction. Leave 4 or 5 wires unbent, for the bail.
- With pliers, fan remaining wires into a smooth row of 4 or 5. Place pliers approximately 3⁄4" up from the intersection of wrapped wires, and bend the bail wire forward 90 degrees.
- Reposition pliers to other side of first bend, and bend wires downward into a U. Width of the bail top is determined by width of the plier jaws. Place pliers into the junction point formed by the bottom bail wrap. Firmly grasping the sides of the bail, bend the wires upward 90 degrees. This is a hard bend.
- Reposition pliers slightly above previous bend and turn wires 90 degrees under. This is a very hard bend, so anchor work firmly between thumb and forefinger. This bend brings all wires roughly parallel to the original bundle of bail wires.
Step #6: Cut the wires.PrevNext
- Clip extra bail wires off where decoration wires are pulled down. The cut wires should run parallel to the back of the bail and tuck above the junction of wires.
- Continue wrapping upwards with existing wrap wire, or twist a new one from decoration wires. Wrap tightly to "chin" of bail and clip off — leave no hanging wire. Fan the bail to even out inconsistencies.
Step #7: Set the stone.PrevNext
- With your fingers, bend the wires on the back of the piece inward to form the place where your stone will rest, forming the back of the piece. Place the stone into the setting, and gently bend the wires on the front of the piece to hold the stone in place. The stone will fit very loosely into the setting.
- Using pliers, gently turn each wire on the back of the piece to hold the stone tightly in the setting. Be sure pliers are on the square sides of the wire to prevent nicks. Turn front wires in sequence from the inside of the wrap outwards, always turning in the same direction. Placement of the next bend is determined by the inside curve of the previous bend.


BUSINESS CHALLENGE: A beverage manufacturer wanted to accurately attribute the sales impact of each marketing and trade activity taking into consideration both direct and indirect effects, particularly for digital media
APPROACH: Developed attribution model using econometric modeling techniques and identified direct and indirect path to sales
: Identified most effective marketing channels and quantified ROI after taking into account the direct and indirect effects of each activity


text:
In a Yorkshire Evening Post article that appeared on the 23rd June 2007, columnist John Thorpe described the inauguration of Leeds' new trolleybus system that took place on the 20th June 1911. The first bus was driven from Thirsk Row (off Wellington Street) to Farnley by Lord Mayor William Middlebrook. The second bus was driven by Deputy Lord Mayor Frederick James Kitson, the grandson of James Kitson, the founder of the Airedale Foundry. Farnley is four miles away from the city centre, and the round trip took 45 minutes.
The photo below appeared in The Electrical Review published on March 29, 1912, and shows a conductor using a trolley-pole to manipulate the trolley heads.
According to the Electrical Review, Leeds had just one trolleybus route at that time which ran from City Square to Moor Top, via Lower Wortley and Farnley., There were four trolleybuses in operation, and they were run by Leeds Tramways. The buses were manufactured by the Railless Electric Traction Company and were powered by Siemens engines. Later on, two additional routes were added, between Guiseley and Otley, and Guiseley and Burley-in-Wharfedale.
Leeds got rid of its trolleybuses in 1928.


Re: 506 definition of structure
From: Sailesh Panchang
Date: Mon, 7 Jun 2004 17:25:02 -0400
Message-ID: <014201c44cd5$e5636d20$_EMAIL_>
 ----- Original Message -----
 From: John M Slatin

 John writes:
 > So it's not that these things "are separable >from presentation": we're really saying that >the presentation must always include all the >parts of the resource, including functionality >and structure.
 Sailesh writes:
 My understanding is that presentational and styling elements or markup are not embedded or built-into markup that
 - convey structure of different parts of the resource, or
 - do things (functionality).
 An example from another context might help clarify my thought. When designing say, employee ID# for an org., one normally prefers not to build intelligence into the ID#. If the ID# were to convey employee's department and be the employee's unique identifier, he/she would have to be assigned a new ID# everytime the individual's department changed. Likewise "intelligence"or in our context, code that conveys presentational effects should be independent of code that conveys structure / functionality.
 Perhaps the last sentence is the wording for the guideline 1.3...?
 Sailesh Panchang
 Senior Accessibility Engineer
 Deque Systems,11180 Sunrise Valley Drive,
 4th Floor, Reston VA 20191
 Tel: _PHONE_ Extension 105
 E-mail: _EMAIL_
 Fax: _PHONE_
 * Look up *
Received on Monday, 7 June 2004 17:25:24 UTC


european molecular precision
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CentriPure P2 Columns
Cat. No.
Gel filtration column for purification and desalting of proteins larger than 5 kD. Processes sample volumes of 150 to 300 µL.
CentriPure P2 Gel Filtration Columns are designed for rapid desalting and efficient removal of small molecules (dyes, salts, buffers, biotin, haptens, etc.) from proteins in a sample volume of 200 µL.
Purified antibodies, enzymes and other proteins larger than 5 kD are eluted using gravity into a buffer of choice. The removal efficiency of small molecules typically exceeds 99.99%, with a dilution of around 2-fold and a protein recovery generally greater than 85%. Samples are processed in under 15 minutes.
The gel matrix in CentriPure P2 is Zetadex-25, a size-exclusion gel with an effective pore size of about 5 kD. Molecules larger than the pores are excluded from the gel, remain in the void volume, rapidly pass through the column, and are eluted free of small molecular weight contaminants.
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- Origin of Name
 - Facts & Statistics
 - National Anthem
 - Flags
 - Geography
abstract composition of Libya
hieroglyphic name Rebu
The Berber name Rebu in ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics.
The Origin of The Name Libya:
There are several theories attempting to explain the origin of the name, but it is almost certain that it comes from the ancient Berber tribe known to the ancient Egyptians as Rebu or Ribu; from which the Greeks derived "Libya", and which the Arabs of today's Egypt know as Lubia, whence Lubians, in line with their relatives and neighbours the Nubians. The name "Libia", as found in the archaeological site of "Qaser Libia", in Cyrenaica, is widely thought to have been derived from the ancient village of Olbia. Some sources also derive the names "Libya" and "Lubda" (Leptis Magna) from Lewwa, one of the Berber ancestors given by Ibn Khaldun. However, the Greek form Leptis itself was derived from the Berber and Punic Libqi, which Bates linked to the Berber Ribu.
According to the Berber Leo Africanus (1600, p.13), it was called "Libya" by the Greeks, "Because it was in old time conquered by Libs the king of Mauritania. In the holie scriptures it is called Chamesis, by the Arabians and Ethiopians Alkebulam, and by the Indians Besecath." In the Bible the Libyans appeared as the Lubim, or Lebahim, the son of Mizraim; which Oric Bates was the first to identify with the modern variant Ta-Mazigh-t -- an appellation widely applied to the proud Berbers of North Africa.
The proposed etymology of 'Libya' being moisture has no support other than the "Libyan wind" which brought rain to Greek mainland; and as it is obvious that Greek Libu is the same as Egyptian Ribu one does not need to propose a Greek etymology for a name that is not Greek. The proper etymology must be sought in the mother language of the given word - the ancient Libyan language: Tamazight, others know as 'Berber'. Egyptian and Berber languages are both members of the Hamitic branch of the Hamito-Samitic linguistic family, and many of the ancient Egyptian and Berber mythical gods and goddesses are still represented on the rock art of the great Mother Sahara, in what is known as the largest collection of prehistoric art in the world: well over one hundred thousand sites.
ancient Libyans in Egyptian drawings
Ancient Libyans, as pictured by the ancient Egyptians.
The Mythology of The Name Libya:
Libya was also the name of the Goddess known to the Greeks as the Goddess Libya, and also of the whole continent before the Romans named it Africa after the Berber Goddess Afri. In mythology, the "Goddess Libya" had three sons by the Libyan Sea-God Poseidon: Belus, Agenor and Lelex. King Belus ruled at Chemmis or Chamesis of Leo Africanus, Agenor migrated to Cana'an (the Middle East), and Lelex became king of Megara. The wife of Belus Anchinoe, daughter of the Nile-god Nilus, bore him three sons: Aegyptus, Danaus and Cepheus, and one daughter: Lamia, the Libyan Snake-goddess. The myth relates an interesting "deception tale" in which Danaus was sent to rule Libya where he had fifty daughters, and Aegyptus, who had fifty sons, ruled over Egypt.
The Political Name of Libya:
The following map shows how the country looked like during the colonial periods. A look at the map of Egypt (bordered red) shows traces of the ancient Libya, as in the "Libyan Desert", the site of the Libyan Desert Glass, and the "Libyan Plateau". No much was left of Libya then; just an Italian-occupied regency called TRIPOLI.
Map of Libya
Map of Libya & North Africa in 1914, showing The Country Tripoli (in green).
From: Harmsworth's Atlas of The World And Pictorial Gazetteer With An Atlas of The Great War,
Edited by J. A. Hammerton, The Amalgamated Press, LTD., London, pp. 284-285.
In 1912 the Ottoman Turks surrendered control of Tripoli to Italy in accordance with the Treaty of Lausanne. In 1918 the Tripolitanian Republic was created to become the first ever republic in North Africa & the Middle East; only to be destroyed by the Italians a few years later. Following the Benyadem Peace Accord the constitution (known as The Primary Law) was created for the republic on May 1919, and an 8-member government was appointed for the Republic. Unfortunately the Tripolitanian Republic never gained the full support in the 1919 Paris Peace Conference, and subsequently it disappeared from the pages of history.
libya map during imperial military geography
1920's Italian Tripoli, from:
"Imperial Military Geography", by D. H. Cole, London, 1928, p. 78.
This map shows how Tripoli was enlarged by the colonial powers in 1919 to arrive at the current map of Libya: the area between the dotted lines and the actual borders (on the left) was given to Italy by France in accordance with the secret treaty of London; while the area between the dotted lines and the actual borders (on the right) was given to Italy by Britain. Note how the borders with Sudan were before 1935, when Italy received the "Aouzou Strip" as a result of the Mussolini-Laval agreement. The Libyans fiercely resisted the Italian takeover (from the Turks) and continued to fight the Italians until 1931, when the fascists hanged the leader of the resistance Omar Almukhtar, in humiliation before his conquered people.
libya map under Italian occupation in 1934
Libya under Italian occupation, 1934.
Image based on the image from: Administrative subdivision of Italian Libya, from "Atlantino storico" (1938),
by professor Arcangelo Ghisleri (_PHONE_),
via _URL_
The actual name "LIBYA" as a state (or a country) came into effect for the first time around 1934 when the provinces of Tripolitania and Cyrenaica were united during the Italian occupation; initially Fezzan was not included. In 1943 Italian Tripoli came under the control of the Allied forces: the British took Tripolitania and Cyrenaica (the British Military Administration of Libya), while France took Fezzan (the Military Territory of Fezzan-Ghadames). However, all the three provinces were united into one country (namely Libya) on the 24th of December 1951, when Libya was granted its (so-called) independence to become the United Kingdom of Libya.
Shortly after the installation of Colonel Mua'mmar al-Qaddafi (Gaddafi) in 1969, Libya became known as the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, where the last word became synonymous with Libya. Many Libyans feel the introduction of the term "Arab" by the government into the name of Libya does not democratically represent all the true populations of Libya, originally inhabited by the Berbers ('Imazighen'), and still is inhabited by the Berbers in various parts of the country, including most of Nafousa Mountain, Zuwarah, Ghadames, Jalo, Awjlah, and most of the Sahara, the home of the Berber Tuareg confederacies.
However, "Libya" is back as the official name of the country after the installation of the National Transitional Council (NTC) in 2011; only to be changed once more on the 8th of January 2013 by the GNC to: "The Country Libya", or "The State of Libya" (دولة ليبيا); until the final name is decided by the forthcoming constitution. No one knows why the word "state" was added to the official name - maybe to distinguish it from "The Goddess Libya"!
map of ancient Libya during the Egyptian empire
Map of Ancient Libya, showing the locations of the native Berber tribes of Ancient Egypt.
The above ancient map, which is over 2000 years older than the colonial map, shows there was no Egypt, just a huge expanse of land known to classical geographers and historians as Libya, to the extent that the name Libya also came to designate the whole continent of Africa. When the Romans arrived through the western gates (Tripolitania and Tunisia), they adopted the name Aprica or Africa, originally from the Berber name of the local tribes who inhabited the region, as in Yefren today, and thereafter Libya became known as Africa. This means that the names "Libya" and "Africa" are both Berber in origin.
Facts & Statistics
 - Name: Libya (ليبيا).
 - Nationality: Libyan (لیبی, ليبيية).
 - Capital: Tripoli.
 - Area: 1.759.540 sq. km.
 - Coastline: 1,770 km.
 -


UW researcher links storytelling and mathematical ability
Two years later, the children were brought back to the laboratory and were given a number of tests of academic achievement that included a test of mathematical achievement. What O'Neill found was that those children who scored highly on the mathematics test had also scored highly on certain measures of their storytelling ability two years earlier.
"It was only certain aspects of storytelling that were related to later mathematical ability. Most strongly predictive of children's mathematical performance was their ability to relate all the different events in the story, to shift clearly from the actions of one character to another, and to adopt the perspective of different characters and talk about what they were feeling or thinking," explained O'Neill.
UW researcher links storytelling and mathematical ability (Eureka Alert (press release))
My English-major brain is reeling with puns on "perspective" and "story problems." While I've only read the press release, and not the full academic article, I wonder whether there will be anything in it to shed light on the narratology vs. ludology debate in computer games studies.


Norway And Its Influence On Sushi
Today, having salmon as a main ingredient in a dish of sushi tends to be the norm.
Almost all sushi joints will offer salmon sushi in one form or another, and it's among the most popular ingredients to use for recipes, especially in the country of Japan, where sushi is something of a staple. Some might be surprised to learn, then, that this simply wasn't always the case.
In fact, until just a few decades ago, eating sushi within Japan was seen as taboo, and most Japanese people would never add the delicious fish to any of their recipes.
This is where the country of Norway comes into play, with a global campaign that changed the nature of sushi, the ingredients we use, as well as ancient cultures forever.
Salmon And Norway
During the period of the 1980s, Norway was facing something of a problem. The government at the time was subsidising the fishing industry, meaning that they were paying people to go out into the water and fish.
It proved to a large financial burden for the government, who began to reduce the subsidies for fishing, but it meant that thousands of people would have lost their jobs, especially an issue where fishing has long been one of their biggest industries.
They decided to make a new plan: they were going to take their stock of fish every year and begin selling it abroad to any countries that would buy it.
They set their sights across the world to the small island country of Japan, renowned for its deep love of seafood, especially when it comes to sushi. It seemed like the ideal region to send their fish, and so they began a successful marketing campaign.
The Changing Of Japanese
At the same time this was going on, Japan was a country steeped in culture and history, and known for its long-standing traditions. The people, then, were not interested in bringing in raw salmon as part of their sushi.
They consumed a local type of salmon often, but it was always cooked in some way, and never eaten raw. This is because their salmon usually carries disease and parasites, but cooking it also made it unusable for sushi.
Norwegian salmon was different, however, and it could safely be eaten raw without causing any health problems.
Representatives from Norway were sent to try and convince the people of Japan that they could enjoy salmon as part of their favourite sushi dishes without first having to cook it.
It Took Many Years
After many years of marketing and campaigning, and with the same willingness as an online gambling casino enthusiast, the mindset within Japan began to change.
Importing the salmon from Norway was first started by a company called Nichirei, who agreed that they would begin selling it frozen, exclusively for use in sushi.
It had something of a snowball effect, and as more people learnt about Norwegian salmon, the more sales went up. Eventually, salmon from across the world became incredibly popular and has remained a staple of sushi to this day.


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THE PATTERNS OF HOME LANGUAGE USAGE AS DETERMINANTS OF ACADEMIC LEARNING OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNERS
Mishra, S.P., The University of Arizona, USA
The study examined the impact of the patterns of home language uses on the academic learning of English Language Learners (ELL). On the basis of dominant spoken language patterns in home of Mexican-American students from low socio-economic homes, the sampled children were divided into bilingual and monolingual groups. The subjects in the study consisted of 146 children from an elementary school. A battery of standardized achievement tests was administered to both monolingual and bilingual groups of subjects. The findings indicated that children speaking both English and Spanish languages at their homes with equal frequency significantly outperformed on all measures of academic achievement as compared with their English or Spanish only monolingual counterparts. The implications of obtained findings indicate the cognitive benefits of bilingualism as it relates to academic learning and readiness.


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Here are two examples I think are interesting.
1) A ladder that is leaning against a wall starts slipping down. If the point where the ladder touches the ground (draw your own picture) is moving away from the wall at a constant rate, is the point where the ladder touches the wall falling at a constant rate? People may reasonably think that because the ladder is "rigid" the answer should be yes.
Differentiating $x^2 + y^2 = L$ (where $L$ is the length of the ladder, a constant) shows $dx/dt$ being constant certainly doesn't make $dy/dt$ constant, and in fact since $dy/dt = -x(dx/dt)/\sqrt{L-x^2}$ we see that as $x$ increases (while being less than $L$) and $dx/dt$ is fixed the point where the ladder touches the wall is dropping faster and faster. Some students may even say that from their experience or physical intuition this actually makes sense, which raises the question of whether this is truly a physical phenomenon or a purely mathematical one that has been revealed from calculus.
2) There is a gas is in a chamber with a flexible wall (so the chamber can expand or contract, e.g., a piston is at one end). According to the chemists, if we maintain the gas at a constant temperature while increasing or decreasing the size of the chamber then the pressure $P$ and volume $V$ satisfy the relation $PV$ = constant. (I am thinking of the ideal gas law $PV = nRT$, where $n$ and $T$ don't change.) One aspect of this equation which is obvious is that as the volume goes up/down, the pressure goes down/up. Question: If we decrease the volume at a constant rate, does the pressure increase at a constant rate, and more precisely at the rate which is the reciprocal of the rate at which the volume is going down? I think it's quite natural for people to make a snap judgement that if $dV/dt = -4$ then $dP/dt = 1/4$ because $PV$ is constant, but of course the product rule shows this is wrong, and moreover if $dV/dt$ is constant then $dP/dt$ is definitely not constant.
It's perhaps worth first discussing a situation where such intuition is right, namely where the sum of two variables is fixed, rather than the product. Find your own example where two variables $x$ and $y$ satisfy $x+y$ = constant. Then $dx/dt = -dy/dt$, which makes a lot of sense: the rate at which one goes up is exactly "opposite" to the rate at which the other goes down. But when the product is constant this is completely incorrect.
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I concur with your first sentence! – Frank Thorne Dec 11 '11 at 14:14
So in fact the ( ideal) ladder hits the ground with infinite velocity! I guess that in the real world the top of the ladder slightly pulls away from the wall. – Aaron Meyerowitz May 22 '13 at 13:45
Here's something you could try, based on a passage from Richard Feynman's "Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!":
Assume a constant flow rate, and see whether your students can be guided to a solution. You might try a warm-up problem, where you pour water into a non-cylindrical glass (a martini glass, or something more weirdly shaped) and try to determine how quickly the level rises, as a function of cross-sectional area.
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I was actually looking at that same quote quite recently, and musing that I actually don't know what makes water running out of a faucet grow narrower. What is the physical principle I should be using to guide the math? – Sridhar Ramesh Dec 10 '11 at 18:31
Think of the flow as measured at a horizontal cross-section as the amount of water that passes through the cross-section per second. If the flow is uniform, this is the same at every cross-section, and in that case the area of water at that cross-section is inversely proportional to the velocity at that cross-section. – Todd Trimble Dec 10 '11 at 19:17
Hm... why is the "flow", in this particular sense, uniform? I mean, surely if I were to keep pumping a load of solid bricks into a pipe at a constant rate, ending in a vertical drop, the bricks, when dropping, would simply fall straight down, not attempting to contract inwards to maintain a uniform "flow" as they accelerate. (I may be completely missing something still) – Sridhar Ramesh Dec 11 '11 at 9:59
Sorry, Sridhar, I didn't mean to be glib. I'm afraid I don't have a really good answer, but I suspect the answer has something to do with the near-incompressibility of water: it maintains a very nearly constant density when in its liquid state. For a stream of bricks falling, bricks that were initially close together begin to separate: the velocity vector field has non-zero divergence. Whereas the velocity vector field of an incompressible fluid in steady flow has zero divergence. See e.g. Feynman Lectures in Physics, vol. II, section 40. But I don't know why water is incompressible! – Todd Trimble Dec 11 '11 at 21:41
And the surface tension of water keeps the cross section (approximately) circular. – Lubin May 22 '13 at 13:24
The following example is contrived, but I created it with the same frustration at the boring and repetitive nature of most related rates problems. Since I found this MO question by doing a google search for a "really interesting related rates problem," I'm recording this here for other instructors looking for juicier problems.
Question: What is the rate of change of the width of a shadow as you walk away from a street lamp considered as a point light source which is higher than your head? You can model yourself as a rectangle is you'd like!
The answer to this question was surprising to me. You can also ask for the rate of change of the trapezoidal shadow's area.
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I don't know if it's obvious or nobody was motivated to work though the example, but the surprising thing to me is that the width of the shadow doesn't change! – Jim Conant Oct 29 '14 at 11:55
Your Answer


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The ORBIT project develops an "Open Resource Bank for Interactive Teaching" (ORBIT) (and an associated programme) to promote interactive teaching for primary and secondary schools. ORBIT is aimed at use in formal HE teaching (PGCE), use in training schools and by teacher mentors, as well as continuing professional development for in-service teachers.
ORBIT makes existing higher education expertise on teacher education as widely available as possible to other teacher education providers both within HE and otherwise, through:
- ensuring that relevant and high quality resources from existing and disappearing collections (both produced within HEIs and by practitioners) are made openly available to the teacher education and school teacher communities,
- developing additional materials where these are needed to fill gaps, and
- contributing to broad collaboration and synergy in OER on teacher education, both within the UK, and between the UK and other countries, such as the United States.
The Open Resource Bank on Interactive Teaching (ORBIT) supports teaching and learning in a significant part of an initial teacher education course, such as an HE-based 1-year PGCE course in primary education or secondary mathematics or science (or a school-based training programme), primarily focusing on interactive teaching in these two subject areas. Mathematics and science are key curriculum subjects and a focus in this area fits well with the government's current prioritisation of STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics). The ORBIT focusses on practical aspects of interactive teaching and enquiry-based learning, illustrating pedagogical principles through concrete lesson plans and ideas. The ORBIT materials are hands-on, presenting actual activities within lessons as the primary building blocks, with theoretical ideas embedded within these blocks. We seek to make this particular approach – a hallmark of effective teacher education – more accessible and tangible. Within ORBIT, there is also a significant focus on the use of ICT within the subject teaching of mathematics and science, which is an important emerging area, and one which is notoriously lacking in effective pedagogical support.
The overarching concern of the ORBIT project is to bring together Open Educational Resources in a particular subject area, and then to increase their use. The first objective is the creation of the ORBIT resource bank itself. We draw on content and technical expertise from a wide range of partners.
The second objective is the creation of an open course book. A collection of materials will be collated into a self-contained open digital course book, which with freedom to duplicate, re-use, and adapt content.
The third objective is to address a number of research questions relating to open content.
Anticipated Outputs and Outcomes
The ORBIT resource bank itself contains lesson ideas and plans, associated with pedagogical principles as well as subject information. Resources are tagged, for instance according to grade, subject, and pedagogical principles, and users can make their own collections. Each resource in the ORBIT includes professional studies and subject-specific elements, together developing pedagogical content knowledge.
Another output is the self-contained 'open course book' itself, which is a collection of ORBIT resources (i.e. a series of lesson ideas, together with subject/pedagogical notes and exercises), together with a number of additional chapters (such as an introductory chapter, and then a brief chapter introducing each pedagogical idea).
Dr Björn Haßler, Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge, 184 Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 8PQ, UK, 01223 767 600 _EMAIL_
- Dr Sara Dr Henessy, Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge, 184 Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 8PQ, UK, _EMAIL_


not enabled.)
3- Select all Entities and press delete.(This Step run a map reduce job for deleting all selected Kinds.)
for more information see This image _URL_
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There are several ways you can use to remove entries from App Engine's Datastore:
enter image description here
 1. First, think whether you really need to remove entries. This is expensive and it might be cheaper to not remove them.
 2. You can delete all entries by hand using the Datastore Admin.
 3. You can use the Remote API and remove entries interactively.
 4. You can remove the entries programmatically using a couple lines of code.
 5. You can remove them in bulk using Task Queues and Cursors.
 6. Or you can use Mapreduce to get something more robust and fancier.
Each one of these methods is explained in the following blog post: _URL_
Hope it helps!
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Your Answer


A human resources virtual assistant is a remote worker that can administrate and manage your entire HR function at the fraction of the cost of hiring an employee/ in-house HR team. She/ he can handle the daily administrative and HR duties of an organisation.
Why you should hire a HR virtual assistant?
 - Your business needs an HR function but does not have the budget to hire an in-house team.
 - Your to-do list is ever growing, and you need to free up time to market your business or spend more quality time with your friends and family.
 - You need an extra pair of hands to help you manage your HR matters.
 - Your business is growing, and you need to delegate/ outsource repetitive tasks that take a lot of your time.
What can a HR virtual assistant do for your business?
 - Recruitment management. A virtual assistant can help you with selection, interviewing, application processes, training, and other communication.
 - Payroll management. A virtual assistant can help you maintain and keep all of your employees' financial records as dictated by the law.
 - Employee management. Assistants create cultures. They can help you create the right conditions for all of your employees to give their best each day, stay committed to their organisations' goals and values, and remain motivated to contribute to organisational success, with an enhanced sense of their own well-being.
 - Training and development. Training and development is one of the key HR functions. With technology creating more de-skilled workers and with industrial workers being replaced by knowledge workers, training and development is at the forefront of human resources development. An efficient assistant can help an organisation in accurately identifying their employee's potential and in developing them in order to ensure increased performance.
 - Performance management. A seasoned assistant can provide guidance on how to run an effective performance management process which helps cultivate organisational and job-specific competencies each employee and the organisation need for high performance and success. The success of your workforce, if aligned to your organisational goals, will drive business results.
We, at Global Virtual Partners provide human resources support for higher productivity and business continuity. Please contact us to learn more.


On Uniform Convergence and Low-Norm Interpolation Learning
AuthorFeedback »Bibtex »MetaReview »Paper »Review »Supplemental »
Lijia Zhou, Danica J. Sutherland, Nati Srebro
We consider an underdetermined noisy linear regression model where the minimum-norm interpolating predictor is known to be consistent, and ask: can uniform convergence in a norm ball, or at least (following Nagarajan and Kolter) the subset of a norm ball that the algorithm selects on a typical input set, explain this success? We show that uniformly bounding the difference between empirical and population errors cannot show any learning in the norm ball, and cannot show consistency for any set, even one depending on the exact algorithm and distribution. But we argue we can explain the consistency of the minimal-norm interpolator with a slightly weaker, yet standard, notion: uniform convergence of zero-error predictors in a norm ball. We use this to bound the generalization error of low- (but not minimal-)norm interpolating predictors.


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The short one max genetic algorithm example is very similar to one max example. The only difference is that it makes use of the algorithms module that implements some basic evolutionary algorithms. The initialization are the same so we will skip this phase. The algorithms impemented use specific functions from the toolbox, in this case evaluate(), mate(), mutate() and select() must be registered.
tools.register("evaluate", evalOneMax) tools.register("mate", toolbox.cxTwoPoints) tools.register("mutate", toolbox.mutFlipBit, indpb=0.05) tools.register("select", toolbox.selTournament, tournsize=3)
The toolbox is then passed to the algorithm and the algorithm uses the registered function.


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I'm new to TEFL, but it seems like an appropriate place to ask a quick question about teaching methods for young learners!
Specifically, I'm interested to know whether teachers still use the "word shapes" teaching method. These are the visual cues where the teacher draws a solid border around the "shape" of the word to help students identify the letters with ascenders and descenders (the "sticks" of tall letters and "tails" of letters that sink below the baseline).
I've spoken to a few primary school teachers who swear by the word shape / word wall method and others who say that word shapes are based on VERY outdated research. As with many pedagogical topics, there seems to be heated debate on wordshapes' effectiveness.
Any thoughts or suggestions? Do primary school teachers still use wordshapes as teaching aids?
Thanks in advance, looking forward to your feedback


Offending command: Put
The put command is too generic to allow for easy troubleshooting. You may have to check the page of general troubleshooting tips (a link is in the column in the left hand column).
 - PostScript errors caused by the PostScript command put are sometimes caused by custom fills. Check all drawings in your lay-out whether they contain custom files and either replace or recreate these.
 - "Put" errors may also be related to a damaged font. Reinstall all fonts used in your document from the original disks, both on your Mac or PC and your RIP. This is a known problem with Linotype PostScript level 1 RIPs when printing from FreeHand 7.
 - A PostScript error invalidaccess error, offending command put can be caused by the use of an incorrect driver. I once got around this error by switching from an Agfa PPD to a generic Scenicsoft PPD while creating PostScript code for Scenicsoft Preps. Using a PPD driver of a recent device for outputting on an older RIP can cause similar problems.
 - I once spend half a day troubleshooting a file from a customer that kept generating rangecheck errors, offending command put. It turned out that some of the about 20 spot colors in the file had round brackets in them (one colour was named 'bordeaux (tarif 1)') and this was unacceptable for the in-rip separation algorithm of the RIP. Changing the names of the spot colors solved the issue. The customer never experienced the problem himself because he always output preseparated files.
 - A rangecheck error, offending command put can occur while trying to print complex Xpress 3.3 files containing lots of nested EPS files (Illustrator files which contained other Illustrator EPS files which themselves contained EPS files of scanned images). Here are three solutions for this problem:
 1. Make a back-up copy of XPress and open this copy with ResEdit. Open the PSHD resource and look for line 1007. Use the search command to find the following piece of text: /A 128 array def. Change the 128 to a higher value (like 250 or even 500). Save the altered application and use it to print the file. Although this solution works, it may still generate the "rangecheck" error if you print lots of pages in one go.
 2. You can also send the file as a composite file and have the RIP do the separation. On Agfa RIPs, this workflow is called "Inrip separaration" or 'Composite printing'.
 3. Download the following piece of PostScript code to the Postscript level II RIP and then print your file. I cannot guarantee that this code works with non-Agfa RIPs.
true 0 startjob
userdict begin
/F18 /array load def
/array { dup 128 eq { pop 50000 } if F18 } bind def
This piece of code will remain active until the RIP is rebooted or reset. You can add it to user/boot but then the first line should not be included.


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Activity indicators and progress indicators
Activity indicators and progress indicators show users that their BlackBerry devices are performing an action, such as searching for items or removing languages.
Use an activity indicator if you want to show that the BlackBerry device is working and you cannot determine the duration of the action. You can add an activity indicator to any component, such as a screen, text field, or list item. You can also add text to an activity indicator to describe the action.
Use a progress indicator if you can determine the duration of an action. Progress indicators include a label to indicate what the action is and a horizontal bar that fills from left to right as the action progresses. A percentage appears in the bar to indicate how much of the action is complete.
Best practice: Implementing activity indicators and progress indicators
- Always indicate progress when an action takes more than 2 seconds to complete.
- Use a progress indicator when you can determine the duration of an action.
- Use an activity indicator when you cannot determine the duration of an action.
- Provide useful progress information. For example, if users are downloading an application to their device, indicate the percentage of data that their BlackBerry device has downloaded. Be as accurate as possible with the progress information.
- Always allow users to use the End key to hide a progress indicator.
Guidelines for text
- Use a concise, descriptive text (for example, "Loading data" or "Building an application list").
- If an action is long and you want to communicate what is happening at each stage, provide text that describes each stage (for example, "Downloading" or "Installing").
- Use sentence case capitalization.


Allen charge
An instruction given by a court to a deadlocked jury to encourage it to continue deliberating until it reaches a verdict. Some states prohibit Allen charges, because they deem them coercive, but the U.S. Supreme Court upheld their use in Allen v. U.S., 164 U.S. 492 (1896). Also called dynamite charge, nitroglycerine charge, shotgun charge, and third-degree instruction.
Illustrative caselaw
See, e.g. Lowenfield v. Phelps, 484 U.S. 231 (1988) and Allen v. U.S., 164 U.S. 492 (1896).
See also


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Your gelding scrapes the front of his hind cannon. Should it be bandaged? Use these criteria to help you decide how to handle any leg wound:
- Depth. Wounds that penetrate all the way through the skin—enabling you to see the underlying tissues—provide deep access for infection-causing bacteria and are best covered until granulation tissue fills the gap.
- Mobility. Wounds that are pulled open with each step can be stabilized with a bandage for faster healing. A wound on a knee, for instance, often benefits from a bandage.
- Proximity to the ground. A wound on the pastern or coronary band is likely to become contaminated with dirt, or worse, manure, making it a candidate for bandaging. A gelding's hind cannon wound is a special case because urine splash can irritate exposed and healing tissue. A horse who often accumulates "splash crud" on his cannons will benefit from having wounds in that area bandaged.
Wounds that do not require bandaging can be protected from dirt, insects and bacteria with a thick, greasy ointment such as Desitin or ichthamol. It will need to be applied at least twice daily, but that still may be more convenient than bandaging.


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Trinidad Head Baseline Observatory Battered by Winter StormJanuary 26, 2006
The NOAA Trinidad Head Baseline Atmospheric Observatory located on the Northern California coastline (41.05 N, 124.15 W), and one of the five NOAA Global Baseline Atmospheric Observatories, was shut down for 3 days due to regional power outages produced by a severe winter storm that battered the California and Oregon coasts earlier this month. Wind speeds of 97 mph (42 m s-1) produced waves of 25 ft (8 m) and uprooted three large 150 year old Monterey Cypress trees located near the observatory, one of which moderately damaged the roof of the ozonesonde balloon launch facility. Nevertheless, the observatory was up and running within hours of power restoration.
The Trinidad Head Observatory, established in the spring of 2002, provides continuous measurements of atmospheric pollutants and climate forcing agents entering the West Coast of the U.S. from Asia. In addition to its long term monitoring mission, the facility has hosted or supported a number of large intensive studies including the NOAA 2002 Intercontinental Transport and Chemical Transformation (ITCT) campaign, the 2004 Intex Ozone Network Study (IONS) and the 2005 Altair Integrated System Flight Demonstration Project. In addition to the normal complement of baseline observatory instruments, the observatory presently supports, or has supported in the past, instruments NOAA/CSD, NASA-Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), UC-Berkeley, UC-Davis, UC-San Diego, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), and the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE), operated since 1995 by SIO, is also located on Trinidad Head.
The Trinidad Head Observatory suffered only minimal damage in a severe 50-year storm, and was back in operation within hours of the resumption of power. This same storm produced significant loss of standing timber including up to 70% loss of trees just north of the observatory, presumably due to a reported funnel cloud. Funnel clouds are a very unusual phenomenon for the West Coast. The extreme wind event was the result of intense pressure gradients associated with the formation of a bent back occluded front, itself a relatively rare event on the California Coast.
To see views of the observatory, tree damage, and surfers riding huge waves coming ashore near Half Moon Bay, following the storm go to the link below and view the images in the photo gallery at the bottom of the page.


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Explaining interspecific differences in sapling growth and shade tolerance in temperate forests
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: Frank J. Sterck. Tel.: +31 317478046. Fax: +31 317478078. E-mail: _EMAIL_.
- 1Species differences in growth and shade tolerance might contribute to coexistence of tree species. To explore how such differences depend on underlying plant traits, 14 tree species were investigated in temperate forests on sand and loess soils in the Netherlands. Plant traits were measured for 0.5–1 m tall saplings: 10 saplings growing at low light conditions and 10 at high light conditions. Growth was determined from annual lengths of leader shoots, and shade tolerance from an independently tested scale.
- 2Shade tolerance and extension growth of the leader shoot were negatively correlated. Plant traits that related positively with shade tolerance were negatively related to extension growth, and vice versa. Photosynthetic capacity, leaf dark respiration and total leaf mass related weakly to shade tolerance and extension growth. Specific leaf area (SLA, leaf area/leaf mass) and wood density were the traits most strongly correlated to shade tolerance and extension growth.
- 3Shade-tolerant species had denser wood and slower extension growth. They also had larger crowns, suggesting that dense stems provide strength for supporting larger crowns.
- 4More shade-tolerant species had a higher SLA, which is opposite to tree communities with larger leaf life span variation. In winter deciduous tree communities, more shade-tolerant species benefit from investing leaf area at low costs (high SLA) rather than from investing in durable leaves (low SLA).
- 5Species on sand had higher growth rates and higher light requirements than species on loess. In line with the resource-ratio hypothesis, the dominance of the more shade-tolerant species on nutrient rich loess soils may be attributed to the denser vegetation supported and the resultant lower light availability for saplings compared with saplings on infertile and drought-prone sand soils.
- 6Synthesis: These results provide plant trait-based predictions for the regeneration success and composition of species of temperate forests with management based on natural regeneration. These forests are expected to become dominated by shade-tolerant species with high wood density and high SLA on the more productive soils, and by light demanding species with low wood density and low SLA on poorer soils.


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Integrated service networks: the Quebec case.
|Title||Integrated service networks: the Quebec case.|
|Publication Type||Journal Article|
|Year of Publication||2006|
|Journal||Health Serv Manage Res|
|Date Published||2006 Aug|
In the current context of health-care reform, integrated service networks are presented as main solutions to enhance efficiency. During the past few years, there has been an abundance of literature focusing on integration and the underlying implementation issues. However, the concept of integrated service networks remains fluid, and there are few typologies on health-care inter-organizational relations. The Quebec health-care system offers fertile ground for furthering our understanding of this concept because of its public system of funding, its integration of health and social missions, and the present reform's state of development. On the basis of a review of the literature and empirical studies, this article intends to clarify the concept of integrated service networks. A typology of inter-organizational relations and the main parameters for organizing integrated service networks are presented. The article also discusses the effectiveness of integration models.
|Alternate Journal||Health Serv Manage Res|


text:
A New Approach to Optical Beam Shaping for Lighting Applications based on Nano-Optics
In this paper a new revolutionary approach to optical beam shaping for lighting applications is presented. The optical devices, developed by IQ Structures under the trade name Nanoptiqs are based on principles of diffraction, which are applied in a novel way to achieve improved performance of white light illumination systems. This unique solution is based on full control over the modulation of material and geometric properties of the optical elements at a nano-level. The surface (or volume) properties of the micro/nano structured optics are calculated with details as small as 10 nanometres, generally in three-dimensions. High complexity modelling of the light interaction with matter at nano-scale makes this task extremely computationally intensive. Moreover, manufacturing of three-dimensional optical nano-structures requires application of state-of-the-art mastering techniques with extreme spatial resolution such as electron-beam lithography, direct-writing based on multi-photon absorption and similar. These techniques together with in-house developed computational tools and high-precision mass-replication technologies stand behind Nanoptiqs unique properties, which promise an important role with these products not only in laboratory applications, but also in high capacity industrial production.
This contribution is focused on the explanation of physical principles of Nanoptiqs elements, description of selected approaches to computer modelling of optical nano-structures and optimization techniques developed particularly for design of advanced lighting systems. Commonly used approaches to design and analysis of diffractive elements are further extended for systems exploiting polychromatic light sources. The interaction of light with nano-structured materials is modelled using a hybrid approach based on a combination of ray-tracing methods with rigorous vectorial wave-optics techniques. Manufacturing of the designed elements using lithographic techniques is also discussed with focus on deep volume structures. Special attention is devoted to mass production of Nanoptiqs elements as this is a key factor for their future wide application in commercial practice. Besides improving the performance of current lighting solutions, the main benefits of Nanoptiqs are completely new design options and optical features following from full control of the light through nano-structured materials. Highly efficient mass production and reduced material and energy costs further emphasize attractiveness of presented approaches.
The paper also analyses possible future complex lighting systems consisting of a combination of transmission diffractive micro/nano elements with specially designed reflection systems. Nanoptiqs elements include hybrid systems using specially designed micro-reflectors. The technology of cost-effective (but simultaneously very precise) production of miniaturized systems of reflectors with complex shapes is a part of the proposed solution. Finally, the cooperation of IQ Structures with company Crytur is briefly mentioned, which focuses on the first application of Nanoptiqs directly on the surface of LED phosphor parts. Such a combination leads to a significant improvement in efficiency of LED light sources.


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Aims and scope
SUSEES is a Summer School in European Education Studies held at the Department of Social Sciences of the University Federico II and open to 20 emerging researchers from the host institution and all across Europe who intend to consolidate their expertise in studying education policies, practices and outcomes assuming the European dimension as the privileged point of observation.
SUSEES promotes innovation in teaching and research, fostering the adoption of a EU-angle in the field of educational research, and acts as a laboratory for emergent researchers to develop interdisciplinary thinking and research about the process of Europeanisation in and through education.
The objectives of SUSEES are to:
- promote excellence and innovation in multidisciplinary teaching and research in EU education studies through the adoption of an EU-angle in the field of educational research;
- act as a laboratory for emerging researchers to develop thinking and researching about Europeanisation in education and its key dimensions, the role played by the EU and the ongoing formation of a European Education Space;
- contribute to the creation of a new generation of educational researchers whose work will raise the awareness about the EU role in education and the impact of the European integration process in education.
Participants will be involved in a 5 days and 40 hours module where every year, and for three editions, renowned scholars from the field of educational research will be asked to present and discuss specific theories and related methodological developments and demonstrate how these are used in their own work on Europeanisation. The resulting dialogic and dynamic environment will provide participants with new insights on the potentials of the theoretical and methodological resources in producing new research questions on Europeanisation of education.


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Commercial Law Dissertation Proposal
The Retention of Title Clauses - 'a maze if not a minefield.'
Aims of commercial law
- To evaluate the effectiveness of the use Retention of Title (ROT) Clauses under UK Commercial Law and ask whether the proposed harmonization throughout the EU is necessary.
- To determine whether there are better systems of law that promotes the protection of the seller from non-payment through the use of ROT clauses, for example a codified system such as the US, Canada and New Zealand.
- To propose that there needs to be a reform of ROT clause under UK Commercial Law through a statutory system of protection for both the buyer and seller. Objectives:
- To explore the ROT clause decisions made by the UK courts in order to understand how the system of Commercial Law works in the UK. In order to determine the validity and effectiveness of the UK system in respect to protecting both the interests and rights of both the buyer and the seller.]
- To compare the UK's ROT clause case law with that of the ECJ's. In addition to considering the possibility of reform proposed in the UK and throughout the EU.
- To examine the different systems of Commercial Law to examine the most effective protection of ROT clauses. It will explore codified systems of law, such as Canada, the USA and New Zealand, and compare them with common law systems, such as the UK and Australia. The main objective of this examination is to determine which type of system is most effective in protecting the rights and interests of both the buyer and the seller.
'A maze if not a minefield' means that the law is so confusing that it is very hard to determine the rights of the buyer and the seller and even if a ROT clause seems valid it does not necessarily mean that the seller's interests will be upheld by the courts. Therefore the UK law seems to create a series of pitfalls for the seller when enforcing Retention of Title (ROT) clauses therefore this exploration will ask the central question:
"Is the UK's system of Commercial Law effective in protecting/enforcing ROT clauses?"
In order to do this the discussion will also consider the following questions:
- Whether there is a better system of law?
- Whether there is consistency in the current UK case law in comparison to other systems of law?
- Does the current UK in comparison to other systems of law overprotect the buyer or the seller?
- Finally should ROT clauses be upheld when there are other routes for the financial interests of the seller to be protected?
A Retention of Title (ROT) clause is used to protect the seller from buyers who do not pay for goods received. This is a clause for sellers to recover their goods if they do not pay, where the clause has to be within the terms and conditions of sale. They are also known as Rompala Clauses after the case of Aluminum Industrie Vassen BV v Rompala Aluminum Ltd . The main problem with ROT clauses is that when the seller comes to enforce them in many cases they are not upheld. The ROT must be expressly held in the terms and conditions and cannot be implied like many clauses in sales of goods, e.g. quality of goods or previous dealings. The ROT must be expressly written in the terms of sale and can be as simple as the title of the goods does not pass on to the seller until the goods are paid in full. The ROT is usually very detailed and the courts interpret them on a sentence to sentence basis to ensure that the buyer's rights are not being adversely affected.
The ROT clause is not used in all industries because with perishable items because the goods are no longer of use, whereas with large or expensive non-perishable items, such as cars or electronics an ROT clause is much more sensible. This is usually seen in instances of hire-purchase agreements, where in lieu of payment of good the company can reclaim the sold goods. The ROT must be part of the contract and therefore follow the valid form of a contractual clause and must be a part of a valid contract. Therefore the best route of action is to have the buyer to acknowledge the clause and sign in confirmation of the clause, rather than having it as a mere term and condition that is available on request and the buyer never sees the clause. It needs to be clear and express where both parties understand that if the goods are not paid in full then the seller can retain the goods. The problem of ROT clauses is whether they can be upheld only when follow the strict rules concerning whether they are express and the buyer had certain knowledge of their existence and are determined fair. If they are determined to be valid then in the case of insolvency they are the head of the distribution chain as per the SOGA 1979 Part V, which was confirmed in Borden v Scottish Timber Mills .
There are problems with ROT clauses is that if the goods are not identifiable and traceable in their original form then the goods cannot be reclaimed under the common law ; however under equity mixed goods can be reclaimed. This creates confusion under UK law in respect to what goods can be reclaimed by the reseller because under common law as opposed to equitable actions there is contradicting precedents. This contradiction points towards a need for there to be reform. Under the US, Canadian and New Zealand systems of law they have set up codified system of ROT clauses, for example Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code in the USA. In the UK there is the added problem of Article 220 of the Treaty of Rome which subjects UK law to the precedent of EU law and the moves towards harmonization of ROT clause throughout the EU. There is a need for reform especially in respect to recent developments in security law and the protection of interests, especially in respect to recent changes in insolvency law. This has been highlighted in Ireland's 1989 Law Commission Report also that common law system's need to be reformed to coincide with a more codified system of law otherwise the law is a confused mess, i.e. a maze if not a minefield.
This exploration will be concerned with the practical application of law to theory in the first three chapters this exploration will explore the history and use ROT Clauses in the UK. The first Chapter will consider ROT's - History and Use in the UK. The Second Chapter will consider the use of the ROT in the Modern Era in the UK. The third Chapter will consider the Problems and Benefits of the ROT in the Current UK system. It will then focus on four case studies, which will consider the case-law and differing judicial system's approach to ROT clauses. The first case study will compare the Use of the ROT in the UK and the EU in which this chapter (Chapter 4) will explore the supremacy of the EU law and the propositions for harmonization throughout the EU. The second case-study will explore ROT Cases in Codified Systems of Law, in Chapter 5 ROT cases in the US; Canadian; and New Zealand judicial arenas will be discussed in comparison to the UK. This third case-study in Chapter Six will be a Comparative Case Study of ROT Law in different Judicial Systems, i.e. what approach have other common law systems taken, c.f. Ireland and Australia. This case-study will conclude with a consideration of the different approaches of ROT case law in codified and common-law systems; as well as reform in common-law systems to determine the most effective approach of reform. The final two chapters will consider the theoretical need for reform in respect to the protection of the buyer and seller. Chapter Seven will discuss the current movements to protect the buyer as well as reforms in Insolvency law within the EU and ask the question ask Are ROT Clauses Necessary in UK law, especially when there are other forms of seller protection. The final chapter will conclude whether ROT Clause Reform is Necessary under UK Law by evaluating the theoretical problems and the comparative research of other jurisdictions to determine the effectiveness of ROT clauses in the UK and asking whether they are a maze if not a minefield.
- Young, 2002, Protecting and Registering Company Charges and Other Securities Part 1 & Part 2, 152 NLJ 1353 & 152 NLJ 1389
- Singleton, 1999, In Focus - The Passing of Risk and Title, CLT 22 10
- Rawlings, 2005, Recognition of Administration Proceedings Under EC Regulation, 21 IL and P 159
- Beale, 2004, Reform of the Law of Security, Journal of International Banking and Financial Law 117
- Burton, 2005, A Summary of some Key Points in R3's Response to the Law Commissions Proposals on Security Interests, 21 IL and P 69
- Ireland's Law Commission, 1989, Report on Debt Collection and Retention of Title, Law Reform Commission


Spin the Random Wheel, Then Do Valuable Work
When you have ADHD, you are a pro at getting distracted. You have deep thoughts, but problem is, you have too many.
So how do you stay productive?
The key to success is focus action. So you know you need to take focus action, but how?
You need to create a plan and follow it. You need a grand vision, and a system to remember it.
But day to day, how do you stay focus?
Know that you are random.
Spin the wheel, till it lands on something valuable, then go deep.


text:
© Rinat Laor
Ours brains might fully digest sentences before we even recognized them.
New research shows that people can process short sentences and solve equations before they're aware of the words and numbers in front of their eyes. The study suggests we might not actually need full consciousness to perform rule-based tasks like reading and doing math problems.
In a series of experiments at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, more than 300 student participants were unconsciously exposed to words and equations through a research technique known as Continuous Flash Suppression (CFS). With this method, a static image appears in front of one eye while rapidly changing pictures flash in front of the other eye. The changing pictures dominate awareness at first, letting the still image register subliminally
before popping into consciousness.
In the first part of the study, one eye was presented with a static phrase or sentence, which was "masked" by changing colorful shapes flashing in front of the other eye. The students were instructed to press a button as soon as they became aware of the words. It usually took about a second, but negative phrases like "human trafficking" and jarring sentences such as "I ironed the coffee" typically registered quicker than positive expressions and more coherent phrases such as "I ironed clothes," the study found.
The researchers say these results suggest that the sentences were fully read and comprehended subconsciously, and certain phrases broke out of suppression faster because they were more surprising.
A second part of the study examined how the unconscious brain
processes math problems. Using the CFS technique again, the researchers subliminally exposed the participants to three-digit equations, such as "9 − 3 − 4," for 2 seconds or less. Then, the participants were shown a number (without CFS masking it) and told to say it out loud. The students were quicker to read aloud a number that was the right answer to the equation they had just subconsciously seen. For example, after being exposed to "9 − 3 − 4," they were quicker to pronounce "2" than "3." This suggests they subconsciously worked out the problem and had the answer on their lips.
Other recent studies have shown that humans might be able to unconsciously perform tasks that have typically been associated with consciousness, such as learning
and forming intuitions
. The new study adds complex, rule-based operations to that list.
Psychology researcher Ran Hassin, who was involved in the study, said the results suggest current theories about unconscious processes need to be revised.
"These revisions would bring us closer to solving one of the biggest scientific mysteries of the 21st century: What are the functions of human consciousness?"
The research was published this week in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.


text:
The King Palm tree is native to Australia, but can be grown and cared for in any tropical or sub tropical area where the temperature does not drop below freezing. This popular landscaping palm is also known as the Alexander or Alexandra palm. The King Palm grows quickly and while it can start as an indoor plant, it will eventually need to be transplanted outside. A full-grown palm will reach a height of 20 to 30 feet. Growing and caring for a King Palm tree is easy with proper planting, watering and feeding.
The King Palm prefers sun and needs well-drained soil. This palm also reaches a height of 30 feet or more. Choose a spot where the full height of the plant will not interfere with power lines or other overhead obstructions. If the palm was purchased from a nursery or has been inside and is not used to full sun don't plant it immediately in the sun. Place it outside in a shady spot and increase its exposure to sun slowly by an hour a day over several weeks time. Once it is acclimated to full sun plant it in the chosen spot.
Dig a hole that is twice as wide as the root ball, but only as deep as the root ball is. If the roots are planted too deep they will not be able to grow properly. Use a shovel and score the sides of the hole to loosen the dirt. This will help the roots penetrate through the soil in its new home. Mix the soil from the hole and the pot the tree came in with sand to create a mix of 2 parts soil, 1 part sand. This will ensure proper drainage. Do not add any fertilizer at this time. Wet the bottom of the hole and shovel in a thin layer of the soil mixture. This will help reduce the shock to the plant when it is placed in its new home.
Get the roots of the palm wet and place it in the center of the hole. Fill in the hole with the remaining soil and sand mixture. Add three inches of organic mulch around the palm tree. Water the plant thoroughly. Do not allow the soil around the new palm tree to dry out for the first two weeks. Water daily to ensure the ground stays wet. This helps the roots grow.
King Palm trees require regular fertilizer treatments to grow to their full height. Do not fertilize until the King Palm has grown a new spear. Use a continuous release fertilizer that will feed the plant for several months at a time. Fertilize during growing season only and place the fertilizer at least two feet away from the trunk. Continue to water the palm as needed during dry times to keep the soil moist. Do not water too much as this will damage the palm. If the leaves are turning yellow and falling off before they dry out the plant may be too wet. Check the moisture of the soil the day after watering and adjust the amount of water accordingly.
The King Palm will grow for many years when planted correctly and properly fed.


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The Istanbul BRT system is providing quality service and time savings to over 600,000
passengers per day. The local BRT system brings about a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions
of 623 tons per day in through modal shift.
Key pollutants that Istanbul's Metrobus removes from the air each year include 78.5 tons
of carbon monoxide, 282.7 tons of nitrogen oxide, 7.3 tons of fine particulate matter and 25
tons of hydrocarbons.
Overall, 250 Metrobuses carry more than one million passengers a day. From the outset, riders
only had to wait 70 seconds for the next Metrobus on certain routes during rush hour, but now
they need wait only 30 seconds. Thus, for riders, the length of their daily commute on public
transport has been reduced to a maximum of 40 minutes compared to an hour and a half in the
past. This has reduced in-vehicle travel time by about 50 per cent and increased use of
public transport helping to improve the quality of life for the people of Istanbul. Metrobus
has also helped to relieve traffic congestion on main arteries by introducing a dedicated bus
To ensure high frequency, reduced travel time and passenger safety, the authorities decided
on completely segregated bus lanes that never merge with regular traffic. Special signs have
been installed along the way to tell drivers how fast they can drive. There are also
directions indicating when to brake slowly and carefully to ensure maximum rider comfort.
Overall the benefits to the community are as follows:
- Savings on Travel Time (Per passanger): 52 min. a day; 316 hrs. a year
- Savings on Vehicle used (Removed from service): 133 İETT, 76 POB, 1.296
- Fuel Savings on Public Transportation: 242 tones fuel
- Environment: Reduction of 80.000 vehicles from roads; Daily 623 tones CO2
- Customer Satisfaction: 90 per cent Customer Satisfaction.
Istanbul's first BRT project was a pilot located in the median of the D‐100
motorway, the main East ‐West passage in Istanbul. With the pilot proving to be a
success, the city decided to create a major East‐West public transport corridor
stretching 50 km along the D‐100 motorway. And they decided that it should be a BRT
corridor. In 2009 operations began on the Asian expansion. The 43 km system, which operates
24 hours/day, is operating at or above capacity from 7 in the morning till 8 at night during
weekdays with time savings exceeding 1 hour/direction. Construction of the 10 km westward
expansion into Beylikduzu is began in 2011 and is anticipated to carry 175000 passengers, in
addition to the 600,000 passengers the corridor was already carrying. Subsequent plans are
for the network to be expanded throughout the city with the addition of 5 more corridors.
Success of the BRT has helped bring about a mindset change in the thinking around urban
transport. As a result, the city is shifting its investment away from road infrastructure
development to expanding its public transport system. In addition to the D‐100
corridor, the plans are in place to create a BRT network integrated into the existing and
planned rail and ferry infrastructure, and which extends throughout the city. Where a
full‐blown BRT system is not feasible, dedicated bus lanes are being developed.


text:
This project involved the demolition, remediation and redevelopment of a former dye manufacturing plant which had operated in Buffalo, NY since the early 1900's and occupied nearly 40 acres of property. The highly contaminated site was cleared through the NYS Brownfield Remediation program, which created development incentives for the Heritage Discovery Center.
SCOPE OF WORK:
- Low-point drilling, draining, and flushing of chemical storage and chemical process tanks and piping, including demolition after decontamination.
- Asbestos abatement and hazardous material removal and disposal.
- Above-grade demolition of multiple industrial structures.
- Source area excavation of over 20,000 tons of contaminated soil including transportation, and disposal to permitted disposal facilities.
- In-situ chemical treatment of contaminated soils beneath the groundwater level.
- Construction, operation, and maintenance of a groundwater treatment system.
- Installation of a 35-foot-deep vertical bentonite slurry wall to prevent the off-site migration of contaminated groundwater.
- Repair and relining of an onsite stormwater drainage system.
- Processing and recycling/reuse of over 30,000 tons of concrete and masonry materials.
- Installation of a site-wide soil cover system.
- Site re-development


text:
Wildly Blooming Springtime (Activity Books, 1)
The young painters can fly with bees and butterflies, talk to some birds, and spend a relaxing time while giving colours to some charming snails or beautiful feathers. They can dive into the wonderful bloom of flowers and trees by using their imagination to finish the pages with all their creativity.
-39 pages and 31 of them lavishly illustrated in colour
-A4 (21x 29,7 cm)
-90 gsm, saddle stitch binding
-Including mazes and a dot to dot game


text:
Optimizing Sandbox PerformanceWhy Combining Static with Dynamic Analysis Advances Detection and Response
As sophisticated malware continues to evade existing detection tools and processes, security teams must adopt new technologies and use them to deploy new detection, hunt, and response capabilities. Security teams looking to improve threat intelligence, hunting, analysis, and rapid response capabilities should evaluate formalizing a malware lab with static and dynamic analysis combined.
This whitepaper will cover:
- The current state of dynamic analysis sandbox environments
- The next generation of static analysis
- How automated static analysis works
- Optimizing dynamic analysis with static analysis


text:
English translation of आदेश
आदेशPowered by COBUILD /adesha/
Definitions and Translations
mn/adesha, ådesha, aadesha, ådesh, adesh, aadesh/
1. command transitive verb, countable noun
If you command someone to do something, or if you give them a command to do it, you order them to do it. ⇒ 'Follow me,' he commanded. ⇒ The dog owner will then give the command 'Forward'.
2. edict countable noun
An edict is a command given by someone in authority. [formal]
3. order transitive verb, countable noun
If someone in authority orders something, orders you to do something, or gives you an order, they tell you to do something. ⇒ The President has ordered a full investigation. ⇒ He ordered his men to stop shooting. ⇒ She was fined £1,200 for disobeying orders.
4. order countable noun
An order is something that you ask to be brought or sent to you, and that you are going to pay for. ⇒ The waiter returned with their order.
5. ruling countable noun
A ruling is an official decision made by a judge or court. ⇒ We wish to challenge the ruling in a higher court.
Copyright © 2014 by HarperCollins Publishers. All rights reserved.
Translation of आदेश from the Collins Hindi to English Dictionary


text:
hands — "As tall a man of his," THE MERRY WIVES OF WINDSOR, i. 4. 24 ; "thou art a tall fellow of thy hands," THE WINTER'S TALE, v. 2. 158 ; "a proper fellow of my hands," 2 HENRY IV., ii. 2. 64. "Of his hands was a phrase equivalent to 'of his inches,' or 'of his size,' a hand being the measure of four inches. 'As tall a man of his hands' [=as bold or able a man of his hands], etc., was a phrase used, most likely, for the sake of a jocular equivocation in the word tall, which meant either bold or high." Nares's Gloss. in v. "Hand," etc. "A man of his hands, Homo strenuus, impiger, manu promptus." Coles's Lat. and Engl. Dict.
Table of Contents:
H - hardiment


text:
Resistance 3.9 Kohm 1/2W tolerance ± 5%
The Carbon Layer Resistor Series offers excellent long-term stability and features standard solder-on tinned copper conductors. Carbon film is the most common axial leaded resistor which is used for applications that do not require high accuracy and high temperature sealing. These resistors are made from molded carbon powder mixed with a phenolic resin to bond and create a uniform resistive body. They are then surrounded by an insulating case on which the colored bands that indicate the value are imprinted. Each of the colored bands has a specific meaning. The first two colors provide the basic resistor value, the next gives the multiplier and the final band the tolerance. If a resistance has five bands, it is a more precise resistor, in which the first three bands represent the base values and the fourth and fifth represent the multiplier and tolerance respectively.
Resistance: 3.9 KΩ
Tolerance: ± 5%
Max working voltage: 250V
Max impulse voltage: 500V
Outputs : axial
Working temperature: -55 ° C / +155 ° C
Colored bands: orange - white - red - gold
No customer reviews for the moment.


text:
History Of Umpiring
Learn the fascinating history of umpiring.The first hand signaling was for a deaf baseball player who was one of the best major league players of his era, William "Dummy" Hoy.
Did you ever wonder what caused an umpire to first signal a called strike by raising his right hand? Watching umpires it's almost as if they think the players are deaf. Or maybe the hand signals for balls and strikes have always been for the benefit of the fans who can't hear the call from so far away.
Actually an umpire did first signal balls and strikes with his hand for a deaf baseball player who was one of the best major league players of his era, William "Dummy" Hoy. Before he suggested the signals to an umpire in 1887, Hoy had to read the lips of the umpire to know if each pitch was a strike or ball. The pitchers on the other teams often took advantage of the situation to throw the next pitch before he was ready.
Born a deaf mute during the Civil War in Houcktown, Ohio, Hoy isn't in the National Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown, New York. He wasn't even inducted into the Hancock County (a county in Northwestern Ohio, about 40 miles south of Toledo) Sports Hall of Fame until 12 years ago. Regardless, he not only was one of the best players of his time but holds records that have never been broken.
It wasn't always easy for Hoy. Two playwrights, Allen Meyer and Michael Nowak wrote, "The Single Season of Dummy Hoy," a comedy about his first year as a major league baseball player. The play debuted in 1987 in New York and Chicago and was about Hoy's first year as a player, 1886.
Although that was far from his best season, and he batted only.217, the play did show the difficulty of the deaf man in being accepted by his teammates. The play did show the triumph of the human spirit, however, because by the end of the year he was voted the team's most popular player.
"It's stil mind boggling to me that he was able to find his way onto a baseball team, command the respect of the players and become the most popular player on the team," Meyer said in an interview in the Findlay Courier newspaper.
Both playwrights said the play was "not about baseball" but about the triumph of the human spirit.
" I was amazed the umpire signals were created because of this man's deafness...Sign language is connected to everybody," Meyer said. We do understand sign language, even if it's just balls and strikes."
The play may have not been primarily about the sport, but Hoy was no slouch as a player. In 15 seasons with St. Louis, Cincinnati, Louisville, Chicago and Buffalo, Hoy batted more than.300 3 times, with a high of.318. His career average was a respectable.291.
He also stole 605 bases for his career, with a National League high 82 in 1888. He garnered more than 2,000 hits during his 1,784 games. He also threw three runners out at home plate in one game for the Washington Senators in 1889, a record that stands to this day. He led the majors in fielding one season and threw out a mjor league high 45 runners in 1900.
In 1898 he was the leadoff batter for the Chicago White Sox in the first American League game.
William Hoy may never be in Cooperstown, but he will be remembered in the town he lived in most of his life, Findlay, Ohio. A plaque honoring him is in the Hancock County Sports Hall of Fame in the Findlay Village Mall.