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Eight Ingredients for a Peaceful Society By Michael Shank Christian Science Monitor[WEBSITE VERSION] December 19, 2011
What makes for a peaceful society? Hot spots from Congo to the Middle East would benefit from such knowledge. But so would the United States, which, at home, isn't always so harmonious and abroad, is still at war in Afghanistan.
The Institute for Economics and Peace, an international research group, has come up with eight ingredients for more peaceful societies. They're laid out in a report, "Structures of Peace," based on the institute's annual Global Peace Index and more than 300 data sets from around the world. The US does pretty well on five of them, but falls far short on three key ingredients.
Michael Shank, vice president of the institute's US office gives his take on eight ingredients America needs to reap the economic and social benefits of peace.
1. Government effectiveness
According to the institute's report, "government effectiveness" is measured by quality of public services, civil service, policy formulation and implementation, and the credibility of the government's commitment to policies. The US falls short on all counts.
For example, the American Society of Civil Engineers estimates that more than $2 trillion is needed to fix US bridges, dams, waterways, and wastewater plants. Meanwhile, just 9 percent of Americans approve of how Congress is handling its job – an all-time low. US tax, trade, and labor policy over the last 30 years has largely failed the American people. You see that in the Occupy protests.
The tide is changing however. "Make it in America" is now bipartisan and bicameral and could do wonders for cities once buzzing with manufacturing and industry. The concept of a National Infrastructure Bank for public-private projects is becoming increasingly popular in Washington.
2. Distribution of resources
There is a "growing unequal" in America, to borrow a phrase from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Americans now have the highest poverty rate since WWII and the highest income inequality rate since the Great Depression. Data compiled recently by the Economic Policy Institute show that in the last 30 years, the top 1 percent doubled their incomes. Everybody else gained hardly anything.
It behooves the US to close its inequality gap because with it comes a host of social-health problems, whether those are high rates of homicide, incarceration, obesity, illness, addiction, teenage pregnancy, illiteracy and low social mobility and life expectancy – which cost in the hundreds of billions of dollars.
Improving this situation requires making it easier for Americans to get ahead, get insured, get educated, and get a job. The current tax code benefits asset owners (e.g. low taxes for capital gains) much more than it benefits wage earners. A more fair and distributive tax system would help balance the inequitable scales.
3. High levels of education
Considering persistently poor scores on the Program for International Student Assessment, which is given to 15-year-old students by the OECD, America's mediocre ranking in science, math, and reading has US policymakers scrambling for a fix. A recent example is releasing states from No Child Left Behind (NCLB) standards, allowing them to pursue their own accountability and performance measures. (Half of public schools fail to meet NCLB standards, according to a December report by the Center on Education Policy.)
The US needs to go beyond the short-term fixes of voucher programs and charter schools, which may work well for some but neglects others and fails to fix a broken system. The Department of Education's Equity and Excellence Commission, is a step in the right direction. It uniquely focuses on how education is financed to address disparities in educational opportunity.
Meanwhile, a college education is still inaccessible and unaffordable for many. Student debt nearing $1 trillion is testament to this unsustainable trend. The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation's focus on community colleges and efforts by governors to nationalize core curriculum standards are encouraging.
Greater educational opportunity and graduation rates correlate with lower levels of violence (see the US Peace Index) thus requiring fewer state funds to respond to violence. But with presidential candidates queuing to further cut the federal role in education and with congressional deficit reduction agendas targeting education funding, vigilance is vital – America's economic future depends on it.
4. Five other ingredients
America does fairly well on five other factors in the institute's report: a sound business environment, acceptance of the rights of others, good relations with neighbors, free flow of information, and low levels of corruption. But there's still much room for improvement.
For example, on the "rights of others," the US has yet to ratify the international treaties related to the rights of the child, the International Criminal Court, and the elimination of discrimination against women.
On "corruption" and the perception of corruption, the Occupy Wall Street protests illustrate growing distrust of the financial industry, an industry that can now spend unlimited amounts in federal elections thanks to campaign finance laws weakened by the Supreme Court.
On "good relations with neighbors," America's ongoing drug and gun wars with Latin America and war and conflict in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Yemen, Somalia, and Libya, continue to cost taxpayers trillions of dollars.
Baby steps on any of these fronts will garner big gains as a more peaceful America (on par with Canada, for example) would yield $361 billion in annual savings and additional economic activity. The investment is worth it.
Michael Shank is the US vice president at the Institute for Economics and Peace and a former senior policy advisor to Democratic Congressman Michael Honda of California.


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If you've ever dropped your mobile phone in dishwater, you can now claim you were testing the water for bacterial contamination. It seems liquid crystals, ubiquitous in electronic displays, are the best way to detect water-borne toxins.
When suspended in water, the molecules in a liquid crystal droplet normally form chains that wrap around the droplet like the lines of longitude on a globe. But in the presence of endotoxins, disease-causing molecules produced by Escherichia coli bacteria, they rearrange to form a pattern that radiates from the drop's centre.
Previously, coating a droplet's entire surface with toxins was thought to be necessary to produce the change, called an "ordering transition".
Now Nicholas Abbott at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and colleagues have shown that only the "poles" of the droplet, where the longitudinal chains of its molecules meet up, need to contact the toxins to produce the realignment.
That suggests liquid crystals can detect endotoxins at concentrations 10 times as low as currently possible, Abbott says. "The surprise was that we could trigger this ordering transition with such a small number of molecules," says Abbott.
"It's a wonderful piece of work," says Oleg Lavrentovich at Kent State University in Ohio, who was not involved in the research. "In order to trigger the ordering transition, one needs a much smaller amount of stimuli than one might normally think."
Liquid crystal droplets could one day help ensure the safety of saline and other injectable medical fluids.
Journal reference: Science, DOI: 10.1126/science._PHONE_
If you would like to reuse any content from New Scientist, either in print or online, please contact the syndication department first for permission. New Scientist does not own rights to photos, but there are a variety of licensing options available for use of articles and graphics we own the copyright to.
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Safe Drinking Water For Impoverished Villages
Thu May 19 22:01:59 BST 2011 by Michael Paine
Organisations working in impoverished regions like Oecusse, East Timor, would make great use of a quick and simple way to test drinking water for bacterial contamination. This should be a priority for development of the liquid crystal technology.
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source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Product Idea
Europa Theme: Explorer Rover
The moon Europa is one of Jupiter's many moons. It is possible that there are frozen methane oceans. In this set you can explore the surface of this moon with your mini figures and drill into the ice to get some methane! You can travel along Europa's surface on the Explorer Rover! Enjoy!
This set comes with the exploration rover Explorer (like the ones they use on Mars) that has wheels that adapt to the terrain, a methane drill to dig through the ice, and three different Europa Mission style mini figures.


text:
Really nice free geometric font by Brian Jacob.
"Kotori Rose started as a rough sketch of the capital letter K, in a sketch book given as a gift by someone who believed in me. The exploration of the letterforms turned into an exploration away from self doubt and instead trusting my intuition. The process became more about believing in ones self."
The letter forms were inspired by the bold, simple, balanced nature of geometric fonts, and how these forms symbolically could emit determination and courage.
You can download the font for free here.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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School cafeterias across the country are serving up delicious and different menu items that are nutritious too.
Whether it's Spicy Stir Fry, Chicken Curry Salad, or Cuban Style Roast Pork, international recipes helps school districts to meet nutrition standards in a fun way. It also helps students to understand and appreciate different cultures.
To provide students a wider range of vegetables, Wayzata Public Schools in MN offers a Spicy Lemon Chicken Stir Fry dish full of veggies like broccoli, carrot strips, green beans, crisp water chestnuts, onions and julienned red bell pepper.
Highline School District, WA (featured in the video) below provides kids with fun, educational activities that match the cultures represented on the lunch menu to promote cultural awareness among students.
Interested in ethnic menu options? Check out the whole story and learn more about new ethnic school menus at: _URL_
Tray Talk is not Mealtalk!Do you know that Tray Talk and Mealtalk are different programs? Mealtalk is USDA's listserv and Tray Talk (_URL_) is SNA's website for parents to help them understand the facts about school meals and learn about school nutrition success stories from around the country.
© 2000 - 2013 School Nutrition Association, All Rights Reserved


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Identity-Based Online/Offline Key Encapsulation and Encryption
Source: New York University
An Identity-Based Online/Offline Encryption (IBOOE) scheme splits the encryption process into two phases. The first phase performs most of the heavy computations, such as modular exponentiation or pairing over points on elliptic curve. The knowledge of the plaintext or the receiver's identity is not required until the second phase, where the ciphertext is produced by only light computations, such as integer addition/multiplication or hashing. This division of computations makes encryption affordable by devices with limited computation power since the preparation works can be executed "Offine" or possibly by some powerful devices.


How can you tell the difference between male and female lady bugs?
 1. 0 Votes
 Apparently there's you need a microscope and an entomologist's degree. Female lady bugs tend to be slightly larger but males but they are otherwise hard to differentiate one from the other. One can tell the two apart best when they are mating as shown HERE; the male is clearly smaller than the female.
 2. 0 Votes
 The differences between male and female ladybugs are not apparent. Below is an x-rated picture of two ladybugs mating which illustrates the lack of differences in appearance between males and females.
Please signup or login to answer this question.


text:
It's Insect Week! In these fun WorldbyCharlie videos filmed at the U-M Museum of Zoology from the insect collection, you will learn about beetle battles, why male horse flies have such BIG eyes, and see the largest butterflies IN THE WORLD.
Charles Engelman, a U-M undergraduate majoring in ecology and evolutionary biology, is producing these quirky and informative videos featuring Mark O'Brien, collection manager of insects at the U-M Museum of Zoology. Engelman is publishing a video a day, perhaps to keep the bugs away, during National Insect Week. Check back for new videos. Enough words, on to the videos.


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We are here to learn How to Create Child Theme in WordPress, A child theme is derived from Parrent theme of WordPress which inherits all the functionality, features, style and other parts of the parent theme. A child theme is the best and safe way of update/modifying a WordPress theme without touching parent. to understand the How child theme worked and how to create a child theme from the parent theme.
What is a Parent Theme?
A parent theme is a complete WordPress theme which consists of all files excluding child themes is know as a parent theme.
What is child theme and Why use a child theme?
a child theme is inherited from parent theme which looks exactly the same as parent theme which helps to override the changes of parent theme without any effect on parent theme. using child theme let you allow any upgrade of parent theme without any loss of any customization which takes place into a child theme.
Child theme May Use for The Following Reasons
- Allow customization through child theme files
- It helps to update the parent theme without loss of any changes into a child theme
- Safe and best way to customization any part of a theme
- The best way to know how to develop a custom theme into WordPress
Complete Guide How to Create Child Theme in WordPress
Follow these steps to create a child theme from a parent theme.
Step 1: First create a new folder into WordPress themes directory wp-content/themes/twentyfifteen-child
Note: I am making a child theme for twentyfifteen, you can do for themes accordingly, the best practice is to add a hyphen(-and child) into existing theme name.
Step 2: Create style.css into a child theme directory and import the parent style sheet by import function
Theme Name: Twenty Fifteen Child
Theme URI: _URL_
Description: Twenty Fifteen Child
Author: Hozaifa Sheikh
Author URI: Twenty Fifteen Child
License: GNU General Public License v2 or later
Text Domain: twentyfifteen-child
Step 3: Now go to your WordPress admin panel and activate the child theme
Step 4: congratulation you have successfully created a child theme from twentyfifteen.


content: map-get($team-rocket-map, brock);
_USER_ {
content: 'Sorry, but team-rocket-map doesn\'t have this key!';
css output.rocket:after {
content: 'Sorry, but team-rocket-map doesn't have the required key!';
It might seem like an overkill, and it probably is. Use this only in complex mixins. Check out the _USER_, _USER_ and _USER_ directives too. And for those who are starstruck with if-else conditional in Sass... Oh yes, you can use it all you want now :)
Sass Map Functions
These are the map functions, as sourced from the SassScript documentation:
map-get($map, $key) : Returns the value in a map associated with a given key.
map-merge($map1, $map2) : Merges two maps together into a new map.
map-remove($map, $keys…) : Returns a new map with keys removed.
map-keys($map) : Returns a list of all keys in a map.
map-values($map) : Returns a list of all values in a map.
map-has-key($map, $key) : Returns whether a map has a value associated with a given key.
keywords($args) : Returns the keywords passed to a function that takes variable arguments.
Keyboard programming
Map Use Cases
How to Loop Through a Map and Generate Classes
We'll create a map plotting Pokemon trainers to their favorite Pokemon.
$trainers: (
ash: pikachu,
misty: magikarp,
brock: onyx
Next, we'll make an each loop that will go through every key and value in a map, and output the keys in a class name, and values into its content!
_USER_ $name, $pokemon in $trainers {
.trainer--#{$name} {
content: $pokemon;
css output.trainer--ash {
content: "pikachu";
.trainer--misty {
content: "magikarp";
.trainer--brock {
content: "onyx";
Multiple Values for Amazeball Buttons Module
Moving on. It's possible to give a key more than one value. This is done by using clippings and entering multiple values with a comma separator. This is a great way to transfer styles for variants of a module, in this example - button.
In our little snippet, the first value will be the background color of the button, the second will be the text color, and finally padding. We will then loop through the keys, and we'll reference the values as a $styles object. We can easily fetch values using nth() function. Let's do this.
$styles: (
error: (red, white, 3rem),
success: (green, white, 2rem),
warning: (yellow, black, 1rem)
.button {
display: inline-block;
background-color: lightgray;
color: darkgray;
padding: 0.5rem;
_USER_ $type, $style in $styles {
$background-color: nth($style, 1);
$font-color: nth($style, 2);
$padding: nth($style, 3);
&--#{$type} {
background-color: $background-color;
color: $font-color;
padding: $padding;
css output.button {
display: inline-block;
background-color: lightgray;
color: darkgray;
padding: 0.5rem;
.button--error {
background-color: red;
color: white;
padding: 3rem;
.button--success {
background-color: green;
color: white;
.button--warning {
background-color: yellow;
color: black;
padding: 1rem'
Handling Layers (z-index)
The infamous z-index. Lots of frontend developers are struggling with it in a sense that they don't have any particular design pattern around it. Usually, z-index is set to 1 if we want a particular layer to be "on top of" something else, 2 if we want another layer to really be "on top of" something else, then 9, then 99, then 9999, then 99999999... and so on. It's easy to get lost. This is where Sass maps can help us.
Let's start with a $layer map. We can name the keys with something meaningful, such as "modal", "tooltip", "offcanvas", and so on.
$layer: (
default: 1,
offcanvas: 100,
dropdown: 150,
modal: 200,
tooltip: 500
Next, we can create a layer function that returns the appropriate z-index, let's say for a dropdown.
_USER_ layer($level) {
_USER_ map-get($layer, $level);
.dropdown {
z-index: layer(dropdown);
Surely, you can skip the function and directly use the map-get() function inside the class, but this way you can use the error handling which we omitted for this example. This is the output:
css output.dropbox {
z-index: 500;
Font Base Styles
A good project has it's own configuration file. One example would be base typography, where you would define base font color, family, size and line height as variables. Perhaps a better way would be to use a map for the said attributes.
$font: (
color: $base-color,
family: (Alegreya, Roboto),
size: 18px,
line-height: 1.6
body {
color: map-get($font, color);
font-family: map-get($font, family);
font-size: map-get($font, size);
line-height: map-get($font, line-height);
Ta daah!
Breakpoints <3
Personal favorite. It's superb to have a place for the breakpoints that are used throughout the project. In this way, similar to the z-index hack, you can have an overview of the breakpoints. Also, you can change the behavior throughout your project by changing only the breakpoints map. You can also easily add new breakpoints, or remove extra ones.
So let's start with a map called $breakpoints.
Our goal is to use breakpoints with implicit names instead of hard pixel values in an element. Because of this, we need a mixin that will output the value of the stated name. I called the mixin "breakpoint" and passed $breakpoints as a parameter. With $type I get the pixel value of the expected breakpoint. First things first, let's create the map.
$breakpoints: (
small: 0,
medium: 640px,
large: 1024px,
xlarge: 1200px,
xxlarge: 1440px
Next, we'll do a mixin called breakpoint, and include the mixin in a.navigation--mobile class like so:
_USER_ breakpoint($breakpoint) {
$breakpoint: map-get($breakpoints, $breakpoint);
_USER_ screen and (min-width: $breakpoint) {
.navigation--mobile {
display: block;
_USER_ breakpoint(medium) {
display: none;
css output.navigation--mobile {
display: block;
_USER_ screen and (min-width: 640px) {
.navigation--mobile {
display: none;
Now I Know Everything, Why Would I Need "Part Two"?
Now that we've covered the basics, there's much more to explore using Sass, but most importantly - you always need to practice. In part two we will use this knowledge, and expand it to a mini project where we'll create simple, colorful, pixelized CSS pocket monsters. Here's a small teaser - all of the drawings will be done with box shadows. Stick around!
Part two is online, you can read it up here!


text:
Micheal Porter's Generic strategies state that Irrespective of Industry attractiveness, a firm in any industry may want to gain high market share and position itself higher than its competitors. This can be done mainly in two ways –
- Either by providing the product at a lower cost than its competitors
- or by offering a differentiated product
Famous author Micheal Porter in 1985, in his book Competitive Strategy: creating and sustaining superior performance, discussed three types of generic strategies which can be applied across industries.
1. Cost Leadership Strategy: To defeat its competitors in a market a firm may provide a low-cost product with minimum acceptable attributes. To achieve this, a firm needs to produce goods efficiently, arrange raw materials at the cheapest cost and achieve economies of scale. It is possible only when a firm is serving a huge market. exampleAcer laptops are very economical to have and provides all satisfactory features at a lower cost than its rivals.
2. Product Differentiation Strategy: A firm may produce a high quality differentiated product which customer consider unique. For such a product, customers are willing to pay extra because of the features and uniqueness of the product. Example: People go crazy to have an Apple i-phone even though it charges relatively higher than competitors.
3. Focus Strategy: When the above two strategies are applied to a narrow segment (niche market) the strategy is known as Focus Strategy. A niche market is a market which has not been served properly although having sufficient potential to get served.
a firm following focus strategy may:
- Reduce cost over value chain.
- Adopt Just-in-time production technique.
- Evaluate need for the niche market deeply.
- Make sure strategies are not easy to copy.
Stuck in the Middle: When a firm is unable to form its strategy, fails to decide between cost leadership, product differentiation or focus strategy it is stuck in the middle. They fail to offer a distinctive product and also fails to offer the product at lower prices than a cost leader is providing. A firm should always try to avoid stuck in the middle situation.


text: International co-operation is required to combat stratospheric ozone depletion, climate change and other adverse environmental changes. International environmental institutions (IEIs) are the most significant manifestation of such co-operation. The creation and effectiveness of IEIs are promoted when they contain provisions for international equity, which can be defined as the fair and just distribution among countries of benefits, burdens and decision-making authority, usually with special consideration given to poor developing countries. Examples of equity provisions in IEIs include new and additional funds and technology transfers on preferential terms to developing countries, as well as changes to international environmental funding mechanisms that allow developing recipient countries to participate in decisions regarding allocation of funds. Considerations of international equity were prominent in the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development agreements and suggest that provisions for international equity ought to be a part of future IEIs. While traditional theories of international relations are helpful in explaining and understanding this process, future research should also look at the important role that ideas such as international equity play in the creation, evolution and implementation of IEIs. The practical results may be simultaneously less global pollution and less suffering among the world's poor. Copyright © 2007 Taylor & Francis.


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When using TurboGears, your controller methods get their arguments built from the various GET, POST, and URL mechanisms provided by CherryPy. The only downside is that all the arguments will be strings and you'd like them converted to their normal Python datatype: numbers to int, dates to datetime, etc.
This conversion functionality is provided by the FormEncode package and is applied to your methods using the _USER_() decorator. FormEncode provides both validation and conversion as a single step, reasoning that you frequently need to validate something before you can convert it or that you'll need to convert something before you can really validate it.
The _USER_() decorator can evaluate both widget-based forms and the standard CherryPy arguments. The _USER_() decorator is not required in order to use TurboGears. If you don't put a _USER_() decorator on your method, you'll simply have to do the string validation and conversion yourself.
The simplest way to use _USER_() is to pass in a reference to a widgets-based form instance:
_USER_('yourpkg.templates.aform') _USER_(yourpkg.forms.my_form) def show_form(self, field1, field2,...):... return dict(form=yourpkg.forms.a_form)
where yourpkg.forms.a_form is an instance of a turbogears.widgets.Form sub-class or a callable that returns such an instance. The callable will be called for each request, so you can dynamically build forms depending on the request context.
The widgets system will take care of building a schema to handle the data conversions and you'll wind up with the int or datetime objects you specified when building the form. When paired with the error handling decorators, you can handle the common case of building a form, validating it, re-displaying the form if there are errors, and converting a valid form into the proper arguments in only a few lines of Python.
See Widget Form Validation with Schemas for more information.
When not using forms, the story gets a bit more complex. Basically, you need to specify which validator goes with which argument using the validators keyword argument for the validate decorator. Here's a simple example:
from turbogears import controllers, expose, validate, validators class Root(controllers.RootController): _USER_('yourpkg.templates.someform') _USER_(validators = dict( # Only letters/numbers/underscores/dashes item=validators.PlainText(), # Default value 'M' size=validators.OneOf(['S', 'M', 'L'], if_empty='M'), # Required field price=validators.Money(not_empty=True))) def storeitem(self, tg_errors=None, **kwargs): if tg_errors: pass # handle the error however you want! return dict(newvalue=value*2)
As you can see FormEncode and TurboGears provide a number of useful validators that are available in the turbogears.validators module.
For most validators, you can pass keyword arguments for more specific constraints. For the list of available validators, check both the FormEncode validators and TurboGears validators (source) modules. You can also create your own validators or build on existing validators by inheriting from one of the defaults. See the FormEncode documentation for how this is done.
The dictionary passed to the validators argument of the validate decorator maps the incoming field names to the appropriate FormEncode validators - in this example, we used PlainText, OneOf and Money. If all values pass validation, tg_errors won't change from it's default value of None and you are assured that value will be an int. Wait a minute! What's this tg_errors?
If there's a validation error, a dictionary named tg_errors will be passed to the function, with keys for the field names that failed validation. If you look up the keys, such as tg_errors['value'], you'll find an Invalid exception object. Invalid exception objects can be str()'d if you'd like to use them as user-friendly error messages or you can use the information contained in them to handle the error as you like:
_USER_('yourpkg.templates.someform') _USER_(validators=dict(value=validators.Int())) def index(self, value=0, tg_errors=None): if tg_errors: message = ', '.join(str(item) for item in tg_errors.values()) else: message = "Success!" return dict(message=message)
If you use form-based validation or if you pass a validation schema to the validators argument (see below), the values in the tg_errors will already be coerced into strings for your convenience. If you still need access to the Invalid exception object thrown by the validation schema, you can access it through cherrypy.request.validation_exception and retrieve the Invalid exceptions for the individual fields that failed validation through its error_dict attribute.
If you omit the tg_errors=None keyword from the controller method's arguments, you get told that there is no error handler function. This is a bit misleading as you don't really need an error handler if you handle things on your own, as explained here. See the documentation on Error Handling for learning more about error handlers.
If you want to do multiple-field validation, reuse validators or just clean up your code, validation Schema''s are the way to go. You create a validation schema by inheriting from ''turbogears.validators.Schema and pass the newly created Schema as the validators argument instead of passing a dictionary:
class MySchema(validators.Schema): pwd1 = validators.String(not_empty=True) pwd2 = validators.String(not_empty=True) chained_validators = [validators.FieldsMatch('pwd1', 'pwd2')] _USER_() _USER_(validators=MySchema()) def password(self, pwd1, pwd2, tg_errors=None): if tg_errors: return "There was an error" return "Password ok!"
Besides noticing our brilliant security strategy, please notice the chained_validators part of the schema that guarantees a pair of matching fields.
Again, for information about Invalid exception objects, creating your own validators, schema and FormEncode in general, refer to the FormEncode Validator documentation and don't be afraid to check the formencode.validators source. It's often more clear than the docs.
You can always use e.g. Python's int() method to convert a string to an integer and use a try/except block to catch errors in the conversion process:
from turbogears import controllers, expose class Root(controllers.RootController): _USER_() def addnum(self, x, y): """Return the result of x+y.""" try: return str(int(x) + int(y)) except ValueError: return "Input is not valid!"
This isn't that hard, but it quickly becomes unwieldy when you start converting large numbers of arguments. Moreover, you still have the problem of propagating the errors back to your users. In the end, it's usually far simpler to use the validation framework.
Sometimes you need access to external and possibly dynamic information in your validators, for example to change the outcome of the validation depending on this information. The validate_python and _to_python methods of all validators take an optional argument called state which is exactly for this purpose. The value of this argument should be a turbogears.util.Bunch-like object (i.e. just a simple data class that has arbitrary attributes) which provides the state information for the validator (schema). See the FormEncode documentation about 'state' for more information.
The validate decorator function takes a keyword argument named state_factory which expects a callable, which should return a Bunch object suitable to be passed as the state parameter to the validator schema of the form widget.
Here's a small example of how you can provide a validator with access to information about the current request:
from turbogears import util, expose, validate from myproject.forms import myform def state_provider(): return util.Bunch(request=cherrypy.request) _USER_() _USER_(form=myform, state_factory=state_provider) def mymethod(self,...)...
When the arguments, for whatever reason, fail validation, you will receive no values for the failing arguments.
If you would rather not get a tg_errors dict when this occurs, simply provide the validator with a value for its if_invalid keyword argument.
If you'd like to get both a tg_errors dict (so you can do some error handling) and a default value, supply a dictionary to the failsafe_values keyword argument containing the parameter/value pairs:
_USER_() _USER_(validators=MySchema(), failsafe_values=dict(pwd1='swordfish')) def password(self, pwd1, pwd2, tg_errors=None): if tg_errors: return "There was an error" return "Password ok!"
The validate decorator has a built-in "recursion guard" which should prevent unwanted recursions. Unfortunately, the current implementation (1.0.x) causes some side effects which may affect you:
1) Parameters for methods named "validate" won't get validated despite a correctly placed validate decorator. The only workaround is to choose a different name.
The following example code demonstrates this:
## BAD, DOES NOT WORK AS EXPECTED! _USER_() _USER_(validators=dict(userid=validators.Int())) def validate(self, userid=None, tg_errors=None): if not isinstance(userid, int): if tg_errors is None: return "No validation, userid=%s (type %s)" % ( userid, type(userid)) else: return "Validation failed, userid=%s (type %s)" % ( userid, type(userid)) else: return "Validation passed, userid=%d" % userid
2) The validate decorator will only be called once per request. This can be a problem if you call other exposed methods from another method.
The latter can be demonstrated with the following controller example snippet:
## BAD, DOES NOT WORK AS EXPECTED! _USER_() _USER_(validators=dict(userid=validators.String())) def foo(self


text:
When It Happens Panel Get involved: send your photos, videos, news & views by texting 'OXFORD NEWS' to 80360 or email
Museum amusement: children have fun learning
2:00pm Saturday 26th January 2013 in News
Children found a rather unusual way of telling the time at a workshop. The Museum of the History of Science, in Broad Street, Oxford, held a day of Chinese Dragon Fireclock building. The clocks, invented more than 1,000 years ago, tell the time by burning specially calibrated incense sticks.
Alice Kelly and her five-year-old son Luis Garnaut, pictured, coloured parts of the clock.
She said: "I had a lovely time at the workshop, we had lots of fun."
Meanwhile, animal magic helped excite young minds for an event at Oxford's Ashmolean Museum when education trainee Carly Smith-Huggins, pictured, ran a new workshop called Woof! Woof! last week for under-fives.
She used a canine glove puppet to show about 45 children around the museum. They then got to make their own puppet and to transform themselves into their furry four-legged friends with an art class.
She said: "The children had lots of fun trying out barking, howling and wagging their tails."


Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to: navigation, search
From Middle English beleven, bileven, from Old English belīefan (to believe), from Proto-Germanic *bilaubijaną (to believe). Cognate with Scots beleve (to believe). Compare Old English ġelīefan (to be dear to; believe, trust), Old English ġelēafa (belief, faith, confidence, trust), Old English lēof ("dear, valued, beloved, pleasant, agreeable"; > English lief). Related also to North Frisian leauwjen (to believe), West Frisian leauwe (to believe), Dutch geloven (to believe), German glauben (to believe), Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽 (galaubjan, to hold dear, valuable, or satisfactory, approve of, believe).
Alternative forms[edit]
believe (third-person singular simple present believes, present participle believing, simple past and past participle believed)
 1. (transitive) To accept as true, particularly without absolute certainty (i.e., as opposed to knowing)
 If you believe the numbers, you'll agree we need change.
 I believe there are faeries.
 I believe it might rain tomorrow.
 (Here, the speaker merely accepts the accuracy of the conditional.)
 - 1611, King James Version of the Bible, Luke 1:1:
 2. (transitive) To accept that someone is telling the truth.
 Why did I ever believe you?
 3. (intransitive) To have religious faith; to believe in a greater truth.
 After that night in the church, I believed.
Usage notes[edit]
 - The transitive verb believe and the phrasal verb believe in are similar but can have very different implications.
 - To "believe" someone or something means to accept specific pieces of information as truth: believe the news, believe the lead witness. To "believe a complete stranger" means to accept a stranger's story with little evidence.
 - To "believe in" someone or something means to hold confidence and trust in that person or concept: believe in liberty, believe in God. To "believe in one's fellow man" means to place trust and confidence in mankind.
 - Meanings sometimes overlap. To believe in a religious text would also require affirming the truth of at least the major tenets. To believe a religious text might likewise imply placing one's confidence and trust in it, in addition to accepting its statements as facts.
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Most common English words before 1923 in Project Gutenberg: kind · form · hundred · #280: believe · white · means · thus
 1. (archaic) singular present subjunctive of believen


Mughal Painting: Dildos, Sex Doll and Anal Sex
Written by:
In my travels around the internet to find interesting (well at least to me) pieces of sexual history, I've come across some things that I don't seem to be able to fit in anywhere else. They just need to stand alone and be admired, discussed or pondered over. One such thing is one particular photo I found while researching sex dolls. The painting shows a copulating couple using some sort of improvised sex toy or machine. The first thing I notice is the two dildos are attached to a board, and one of them is being used for anal sex. Upon closer inspection, I see that the woman is headless. I find the same thing every time I search for more info about this painting, an article using it as evidence of sex doll use in early Persian culture. But is it really a sex doll? Is it really from early Persian culture? This painting was a mystery I just had to solve.
I've done some investigating but so far haven't found out anything that relates to this particular artwork. Not even Wellcome Library in London which houses the actual manuscript page in its collections has any more information other than a possible date. Wellcome has it dated as 19th century, which means it's not a painting from the heydays of Mughal paintings. It would have to be from the 15th-17th centuries. The piece looks to be part of a manuscript, and there are several other pages done in a style that appear to be part of a series. The other pages have similar looking backgrounds and the same man playing a reoccurring role in them. The manuscript pages seem more like a catalog of sins than a sex manual like the Kama Sutra. The other paintings show the same man copulating with a deer, having anal sex with what looks like a demon or the devil, a crocodile performing cunnilingus on a female demon, women masturbating with vegetables, and more. It's possible that the subject matter is influenced by the time period. The 19th century found India becoming much more conservative about sex.
There have been several centuries of evolution in Mughal painting before we get to the time of this painting. The Mughal's Muslim Persianate empire started in the 16th century. The Empire peaked in the mid 17th century, which was a golden age for architecture that included the Taj Mahal. By the mid 18th century, the Mughal's influence started to decline and was given over entirely to the British Empire by the mid 19th century. During that time, the empire was known not only for its art and architecture but also for science and technology. Mughal paintings were often about the lives of royalty, including their sex lives. The sex portrayed in these paintings is quite explicit, even if the body positioning is painfully unrealistic. Erotic Hindu art greatly influenced Mughal art. Sex was shown as natural and commonplace, even if those practicing it are Mughal kings with their large harems or gods and goddesses. The tone of this painting and the others that seem to be from the same manuscript is entirely different than the ones from the three centuries before it. The sex depicted here is distinctly taboo. It has 19th-century Victorian moral hangups written all over it.
Knowing that this painting is from the 19th century also means that it's not proof of the early use of sex dolls. I also find that the "headless model," as Wellcome refers to the figure the man is copulating with, doesn't look much like a doll. It has pubic hair, and henna on the hands and feet. Perhaps it's more of a depiction of a headless woman, a way of further dehumanizing the already extremely dehumanized women of the Mughal dynasty. Another possibility is that the figure is a headless goddess, something not uncommon among Hindu deities. The most notable is the tantric goddess, Chinnamasta. She is often shown holding her head while blood gushes in three streams from her neck. This makes it unlikely that the figure in this painting is her specifically. It could be just a random headless goddess. And as if having sex with a headless goddess/doll wasn't edgy enough, there is the double dildo contraption behind him.
The two realistic dildos, including hair covered scrotum, appear to be attached to a swinging board. I'd bet you dollars to donuts that he can push back on the bottom of that board and have the top part push forward to penetrate himself anally. He may not have all the cast members for an official threesome present, but he's MacGyvered a sex doll and dildo board for a DIY threeway. We're talking major maker innovation here.
I still can't quite figure out where that second dildo is going. Perhaps he borrowed this from someone who uses it for double penetration. Or maybe there's another painting where headless goddess sex doll is going airtight.
Perhaps I have thought way too long about this painting.
I can't tell what was the purpose behind these manuscript pages. Were they part of someone's kinky manuscript of sexy perversions that were meant to titillate or Victorian Christian propaganda trying to make this Mughal king look like the host of a satanically influenced sex party that includes demons, root vegetable dildos, crocodiles, and vagina birds? Yes, vagina birds.
Most of these paintings have some writing at the top, as this one does. I couldn't find any translations and an email to Wellcome about the text has yet to yield an answer. The writing is in Urdu, which I would love to get translated at some point. I didn't want to wait until I got a translation to write about this painting. Lakeside anal dildo sex seemed the perfect thing to share with you before Anal August is over. I'm going to continue looking into the mystery of 19th-century pseudo-erotic Mughal paintings. Look forward to sharing what I've learned with you.
Here is the full image:
Credit: Wellcome Library, London. Wellcome Images
Credit: Wellcome Library, London. Wellcome Images
Last modified: August 23, 2016
6 Responses to " Mughal Painting: Dildos, Sex Doll and Anal Sex "
 1. Andras Bagoly says:
 Hello there Miko!
 I have read your amazing article on this Mughal painting and would love to know if you ever found out what the translation revealed?
 Is the device in fact a sex doll or is it as you say a depiction of raucous sins — I am fascinated to know what the end result of the mystery that you presented! Amazing!
 Sincerely – Andras Bagoly
 Vancouver, BC Canada
 - Miko says:
 I couldn't find an online site that would translate the text for free. I've been so busy with life and family that I put this on the back burner last year to move onto other work for a while. Your comment reminded me I still have this mystery to solve. Looking into translation services that I can send the text for paid translation. Last week I started looking at translation companies then chose a few this week to submit. Waiting for bids on the work right now. When I get the translation, I will post an update. I can't wait any longer to find out myself! Thanks!
 2. jake says:
 Mughals were sick perverted bastards. They used to rape the dead bodies of Hindu women to humiliate their enemies.
 3. Miko says:
 No, lots of people enjoy dildos, sex dolls, and anal sex. Though, not always all at once. lol! Sex can be enjoyed in a variety of ways and with a variety of toys and equipment. As long as you practice safe and consensual sex, nothing is "perverted."
Leave a Reply


text:
Aims and Objectives
The Centre was established to cover development oriented research, training and teaching on survival, adaptation and productivity of mountain plants. Thus the major objectives of the Centre are:
- To undertake fundamental and applied studies on mountain plants.
- To undertake studies on conservation of endangered plant species.
- To set up demonstration units.
- Teaching and information diffusion.
- Framework of functioning
The activities of the Centre are organized under following groups:
- Seed biology and physiology of reproduction in threatened/endangered species and wild edibles.
- Biomass production potential in mountain plant species.
- Physiology and biochemistry of adaptation in high altitude plants.
Training and Teaching
- Ph.D. programme in the proposed fields of research.
- Environmental Plant Biology course at M.Phil. level.
- Post Graduate Diploma in Biotechniques of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants.
- Certificate Course on Biotechniques of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants.
- Short term orientation course in nursery practices, plant form and functions, conservation
of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) and environmental management.
- To develop package of practices for the cultivation of endangered MAPs and mountain
- Establishment of nursery and demonstration units.
- Demonstration unit on revegetation of wasteland in mountains.
- Publication and consultation in relevant fields.
The Centre has its Main Building and Laboratory at Srinagar Garhwal and Field Station at Tungnath. The main building at Srinagar has an analytical laboratory (800 sq.m), four glass houses and a net house. In addition, a Medicinal Plant Biotechnology Laboratory has also been set up at Srinagar hosing tissue culture labs, green houses and analytical laboratories.
The Alpine Research Station of the Centre in 10 acres land is situated at Tungnath (3600 m a.s.l.). This Station has residential facilities and Weather Monitoring System. At present the Garden at this station has about 50 rare species of alpine herbs and more will be added to this collection in coming years. In addition to this, a sub-station for medicinal plants has been established at Pothibasa (2200 m).
Alpine field station Tungnath (3600m)
Main Laboratory at Srinagar, Garhwal (550m)
Alpine Field Station, Tungnath (3600 m)
Demonstration site at Pothibasa (2200m)
A small library is housed in the Centre which contains important reference books. So far, nearly 1000 accessions of books have been procured and more are being added regularly. The Centre has been subscribing to 14 Indian and 4 foreign journals. This facility is frequently used by the researchers from other departments and institutions.


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Table and Cell Selection in Adobe CS5 Dreamweaver
You can use several methods in Adobe Creative Suite 5 (Adobe CS5) Dreamweaver to select a cell or the whole table. After a cell or table is selected, you can change all sorts of attributes for the selected cell or table, including the color, size, and format of its contents.
In Design view, select the Layout category from the Insert panel and select Expanded to put your table in Expanded view.
You can more easily select and make changes in this view. (Remember to click the Standard button to see a more realistic preview of your table.)
Select a cell by Ctrl-clicking (Windows) or Command-clicking (Mac) it.
The tag selector is an incredible tool to use to select any tag element, though it's especially helpful when selecting individual components of a table or a nested table. The tag selector is in the lower left corner of the Document window.
To use the tag selector, just put the cursor inside a cell. The tag selector shows the tags that apply to the insertion point's location. Then select to select the cell that holds the cursor, to select the entire row, or to select the entire table.
The table tag is (it's a difficult one to remember, right?), and each row is in a (table row) tag. Each cell is in a (table data) tag. Tables created with headers also make use of the (table header) tag.


text:
S1 Probability June 2005Watch
A student is chosen at random.
Find the probability that this student
(a) is studying Arts subjects,
(b) does not wear glasses, given that the student is studying Arts subjects.
Amongst the Science students, 80% are right-handed. Corresponding percentages for Humanities and Arts students are 75% and 70% respectively.
A student is again chosen at random.
(c) Find the probability that this student is right-handed.
(d) Given that this student is right-handed, find the probability that the student is studying Science subjects.
I've had a look at the mark scheme and I understood it, however, how would i know that drawing a sample space diagram (I think thats what its called?), is better than a tree diagram. Originally I started off with a tree diagram but it got confusing


text:
Out parameters are a useful language feature for multiple results, particularly when the language in question doesn't have tuples as a first-class feature. Even though Java omitted pass-by-reference (meaning both
out in Delphi parlance), C# did not follow its lead and includes both parameter-passing semantics. And so it follows that the.NET method System.Int32.TryParse(String,Int32&) is possible in C#, but not in Java.
The API works well enough when you want to put the extra return value(s) into local variables or visible fields. What about times when you want to put the return value into a property, though? Since you can't (generally) take a reference to a property, you have to manually create a local variable, pass the local variable by reference, and then, in a separate statement, assign the variable to the property.
Anonymous methods can provide an "out" here, if you'll pardon the pun. By passing a setter instead of a mutable reference, you can escape from this constraint. Here's are two overloaded
ReadLine functions, one using the
out mechanism, the other using the setter pattern:
function ReadLine(const Prompt: string; out Dest: string): Boolean; overload; var line: string; begin Write(Prompt, '> '); Flush(Output); Readln(line); Result := line <> ''; if Result then Dest := line; end; function ReadLine(const Prompt: string; const Setter: TProc): Boolean; overload; var line: string; begin Write(Prompt, '> '); Flush(Output); Readln(line); Result := line <> ''; if Result then Setter(line); end;
As can be seen, the code that uses setters versus out parameters is little different. (It would be more different in a language that requires definite assignment, like C#, as otherwise we would have to set Dest to some value in the case of no entry.)
The real difference is in the usage point of this idiom. (And don't forget, this is an idiom; it might look odd the first time you see it, but when you understand anonymous methods, or even just the idiom, it's a trivial pattern and easy to understand.) Here's the definition of a class with a couple of properties, and a couple of functions. The first uses the
out idiom, and the second uses the setter idiom:
type TFrob = class private FFoo: string; FBar: string; public property Foo: string read FFoo write FFoo; property Bar: string read FBar write FBar; end; // Using 'out' idiom - requires separate assignment statement function WorkWithFrob: Boolean; var frob: TFrob; temp: string; begin frob := TFrob.Create; try if not ReadLine('Give me Foo', temp) then Exit(False); frob.Foo := temp; if not ReadLine('Give me Bar', temp) then Exit(False); frob.Bar := temp; Writeln(Format('Your foo is %s and bar is %s', [frob.Foo, frob.Bar])); Result := True; finally frob.Free; end; end; // Using'setter' idiom - can be done inline function WorkWithFrob2: Boolean; var frob: TFrob; begin frob := TFrob.Create; try if not ReadLine('Give me Foo', procedure(x: string) begin frob.Foo := x; end) or not ReadLine('Give me Bar', procedure(x: string) begin frob.Bar := x; end) then Exit(False); Writeln(Format('Your foo is %s and bar is %s', [frob.Foo, frob.Bar])); Result := True; finally frob.Free; end; end;
This idiom isn't useful very often, but when the right situation comes up, it's really quite nice to have, especially when you need persistent references to properties - e.g. when you need to store the reference in some structure somewhere, and update it with different values over time.
Viewed more generally, anonymous methods / method references can act as kinds of pipes that join up producers and consumers of data, with getters (TFunc) for consumer-pull and setters (TProc) for producer-push.


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Where Did the Term "Pink Slip" Originate?
Pink slip image via Shutterstock
The Short Answer: No one knows, but the search has been interesting.
The Long Answer: Getting a pink slip usually means you're fired. It's not something most people look forward to. Peter Liebhold, then, is an odd guy. He's been searching for a pink slip for years, and he's disappointed he keeps coming up empty.
Liebhold isn't looking to get canned. Rather, finding a pink slip is his job. He's a curator at the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History and Chair of the Division of Work and Industry.
The history of business culture is his business. The pink slip is a mystery he's been chasing for a long time. Almost everyone is familiar with the phrase, but no one seems to know where it originated, or if there's an actual pink slip out there to be had.
The usual line of reasoning is that the phrase was born when one or more companies started the practice of terminating employees by giving them notice on a piece of pink paper. The color was chosen so that the notice would stand out from the rest of the paperwork on the poor guy's desk and he wouldn't miss it. The catch, of course, is that Liebhold and other historians haven't been able to track down an actual slip, or find any companies that actually fired people like this. The most they had to go on for a while was the Oxford English Dictionary citing the phrase's first known appearance in a 1915 pulp novel about baseball.
The most promising lead Liebhold ever had, he told the Baltimore Sun, was the Ford Motor Company. While poring over an obscure history journal, he found a footnote that led him to another article in another journal that talked about the daily evaluations of Ford's assembly line workers. The workers, the article went, all had lockers or cubbies where they kept their things, and at the end of the day they would find a slip of paper from management there. A white paper meant the day's effort was acceptable. A pink slip, though, meant that they weren't wanted back in the morning.
Liebhold thought he'd finally found his elusive slip, but when he tracked down the source of the story, a California-based management consultant, he learned it was just an anecdote overheard in college. The consultant had been repeating it ever since. Neither the consultant, nor anyone at Ford who Liebhold talked to, had any evidence that the story was true.
Swing and a miss.
Liebhold's search hasn't been in vain, though. He's found a few other bits of workplace history during the hunt, like the first American filing cabinet and some red twill that secretaries used to use to bundle documents together — apparently, the inspiration for bureaucratic "red tape."


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Job Title Certified Hospice Aide
Location Silva, Missouri
Department Nursing
FLSA Status Non-Exempt
Shifts hiring Full-time
The hospice aide is a paraprofessional member of the interdisciplinary group who works under the supervision of a registered nurse and performs various services for a patient as necessary to meet the patient's personal needs and to promote comfort. The hospice aide is responsible for observing the patient, reporting these observations and documenting observations and care performed.
The hospice aide will be assigned by a Registered Nurse in a manner that promotes quality, continuity and safety of
a patient's care.
Responsibilities of the hospice aide include, but are not limited to, the following:
1. Performing personal care needs after given a patient's assignment and attending to his/her requests promptly. If unable to perform a certain task, report to the Case Manager immediately.
2. Providing patient and family with positive communication techniques, within realm of ethical and respectful care, including confidentiality.
3. Meeting safety needs of patient and using equipment safely and properly (foot stools, side rails, 02 etc.)
5. Assisting in dressing and undressing patients as assigned.
6. Planning and preparing nutritious meals, including shopping, as assigned.
7. Assisting in feeding the patient as assigned.
8. Taking and recording oral, rectal and auxiliary temperatures, pulse, respiration and blood pressure when ordered with appropriate completed/demonstrated skills competency.
9. Providing proper care and observation of patient's skin to prevent breakdown of tissue over bony prominence.
10. Assessing and reporting on patient's condition and significant changes to the Case Manager. Also aware of the caregiver or other individuals living with the patient and interpersonal issues.
11. Assisting in ambulation and exercise as instructed by the hospice nurse or therapist.
12. Provide normal range of motion and transfers/positioning as directed.
13. Assistance with self-administered medications as allowed by state regulations, such as "reminders."
14. Offering and assisting with bedpans and urinals. Providing assistance as assigned with light laundry needs.
15. Performing range of motion and other simple procedures as an extensional therapy service as ordered with appropriate completed/demonstrated skills competency.
16. Providing respite for patient's/family/caregiver when on-site, as appropriate.
17. Keeping patient's living area clean and orderly, as assigned.
18. Adhering to the organization's documentation and care procedures and standards of personal and professional conduct.
19. Participates in quality assessment performance improvement teams and activities.
20. Respectful of patient and family/caregiver environment and patient's personal needs.
1. Meets the training requirements of the State.
2. Completed a minimum of 75 hours of classroom and supervised practical training. Sixteen hours of class room must be completed prior to a mandatory 16 hours of practical training.
3. At least 18 years of age.
4. Ability to read and follow written instructions and document care given.
5. Understands hospice philosophy, comfortable providing specialized care to the terminally ill.
6. Satisfactory references from previous employers.
8. Has empathy for the needs of the ill, injured, frail and the impaired.
9. Possess and maintains current CPR certification.
10. Demonstrates tact, patience and good personal hygiene.
11. Licensed driver with automobile that is insured in accordance with organization requirements and is in good working order.
12. Successfully completes a probationary period. This probationary period is to ensure the aide is competent in the above qualifications, and is documented by the supervisor and the employee.
13. Effective social interaction, communication and organizational skills and the ability to perform a variety of tasks efficiently.
1. Good oral and written communications
2. Good organizational skills
1. Community home environment
2. Exposure to infectious diseases
3. In and out of automobile
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text:
Product Announcement from CyPower, LLC
The BMR453 is an isolated DC/DC converter capable of 400W or 33A of output in a quarter brick form factor. Unlike quarter brick analogue converters, the BMR453 achieves this power density while providing a very tight output voltage regulation over an input voltage range of 36 to 75V at efficiency levels in excess of 96 percent. It is the first DC/DC converter to offer this combination of performance and power density, making it a logical choice for high performance systems operating with 48/60 V battery backup power architectures. Including a bidirectional serial multi-node interface, PMBus, BMR453 offers an unprecedented level of communication between the power module and the system energy management controller, making it possible to monitor and control energy down to single board level.
The second series of 3E products, named BMR450 and BMR451, comprise of digital POL (point-of-load) regulators establishing an innovative approach to reach the goals of end-user value, flexibility and system performance.
The internal design of the 3E POL regulators uses digital power control techniques, and some of the optional user implementations of these products can benefit from utilization of system level digital power and energy management approaches. While these products can be successfully applied using the same techniques as with conventional fully analog POL regulators, it is beneficial for the customer to have access, through a PMBus interface, to critical information such as load condition, temperature, voltage and current delivered, and other parameters, making it possible to monitor the distributed energy down to processor level.
The BMR450 features a wide input voltage range, making it easier to operate under most of the common intermediate bus voltages i.e. 5V, 8V, and 12V. The output voltage range is adjustable, with an output current of 20A providing up to 100W of power. Offering high efficiency - typically 96.8% at half load, the BMR450 has a very small package size of 25.65 x 12.9 x 8.2mm (1.01 x 0.51 x 0.323in), and a high current density of 7.38A/cm3 (120A/in3). For a similar in/out performance, an analogue voltage regulator would offer a much-reduced figure of 2.37A/cm3 (43A/in3).
The BMR451 is a digitally controlled, non-isolated voltage regulator rated at 40A. Featuring a high current density of 7.90A/cm3 (129A/in3), it measures just 30.85 x 20 x 8.2mm (1.215 x 0.787 x 0.323in), offers a 4.5V to 14V input voltage range, a 0.6V to 3.6V output voltage range and an MTBF figure of 2.6 million hours.
To complement these products, an evaluation kit for the 3E DC/DC converter and voltage regulators that contains extensive Configuration Monitoring and Management (CMM) software on CD, USB Cables and instruction manuals is available through CyPower.


text: [en] T2 control charts are used to monitor a process when more than one quality variable associated with the process is being observed. Recent studies have shown that using variable sampling size (VSS) schemes results in charts with more statistical power for detecting small to moderate shifts in the process mean vector. This paper presents an economic-statistical design of T2 control charts with variable sample size and control limits (VSSC). We build a cost model of a VSSC T2 control chart for the purpose of economic-statistical design using the model of Costa and Rahim (J. Appl. Stat. 28:875–885, 2001). This cost model constructed involves the cost of false alarms, the cost of finding and eliminating an assignable cause, the cost associated with production in an out-of-control state, and the cost of sampling and testing. We optimize this model using a genetic algorithm approach. Furthermore, VSSC and VSS T2 charts are compared with respect to the expected cost per unit time.


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Nashlie Sephus: The Why and How of Diversity in Tech
Talk Info
Talk Description
Equitable opportunity is a fundamental building block for a thriving economy. Dr. Sephus is a rising star in the world of artificial intelligence software development and her career is a reference point for understanding both why there is a lack of diversity in technology-related industries and what can be done about it. Her talk focuses on her ideas and groundbreaking work on mentorship.


text:
Modeling effects of soil, climate, and silviculture on growth ring specific gravity of Douglas-fir on a drought-prone site in Western Washington
Because wood specific gravity (SG), also known as relative or basic density, is correlated with many physical and mechanical properties it is a widely used indicator of wood quality. Furthermore, because SG measures dry weight per unit green volume and dry wood contains about 49% carbon and 20 MJ/kg energy, SG is useful for converting tree volume to carbon and energy content equivalents. Although many studies have investigated variables affecting SG, few have developed models to predict SG at the local level from age, silvicultural treatment, and growing environment variables. This study developed a four-parameter logistic model with mixed effects to predict the specific gravity of annual growth rings (RSG) from forty six 76-year-old Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii, Mirb. Franco) trees sampled from a thinning and biosolids fertilization experiment on a drought-prone site in Western Washington. RSG for up to sixty rings per tree was measured with X-ray densitometry on strips taken from disks removed from the top of the first 5 m log. Inter-annual RSG was modeled using treatment variables; local temperature, precipitation, and soil moisture deficit as growing environment variables; and ring number, area, width, and radius to the ring as tree variables. Ring age, ring area, March to May mean temperature, July soil moisture deficit, and whether or not biosolids had been applied were important predictors of RSG on this site. The equation for RSG can be easily converted to carbon or energy content equations by multiplying by the dry wood carbon and energy content factors.


text:
64 oz Clear PET Plastic Wide Mouth Jars (White PP Cap) - 34365
- 64 oz Clear PET Plastic Wide Mouth Jars
- Includes White PP Plastic Ribbed Cap with Foam Liner
- Lightweight, shatter-resistant PET plastic
Item # 34365
64 oz Clear PET Plastic Wide Mouth Jars with White PP Plastic Caps
These generously sized 64 oz clear plastic wide mouth jars are great for a pharmaceuticals, vitamins and nutritional supplements. Durable clear PET plastic allows customers to view the product inside. The large opening makes filling and dispensing a snap. Jars feature a recessed label panel and rounded shoulders and a square bead beneath the threads for enhanced performance of tamper-evident shrink bands (sold separately). Not recommended for use with liquids. Jars include a white PP plastic cap with foam liner.
- Container withstands autoclaving - sterilizing by achieved through high-pressure saturated steam and heat.
- BPA Non-Intent means BPA was not an intentionally added substance to the manufacturing process.
- Case Packed in a convenient re-shipper carton with carboard dividers, reducing damage and ideal for reuse.
- Child-resistant items are engineered & tested to reduce risks of children under 5 accessing harmful amount of contents, while being user-friendly for seniors.
- Dishwasher safe containers withstand high temperatures, water pressure, and detergents present in dishwashers.
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- Constructed of FDA-compliant materials suitable for contact with food.
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- Product is suitable for microwave use.
- National Sanitation Foundation certifies this product & its manufacturing process comply with standards for safety, quality, sustainability or performance.
- Product is 100% recyclable.
- A tamper-evident container has one or more barriers to entry which if missing shows visual evidence the container was tampered with.
- Packaging engineered & rigorously tested to meet government standards for the shipment of regulated substances. Consult 49 CFR for proper use & labelling.
- US Dept. of Agriculture Approved. Visit _URL_ for more information.
- Provides varying degrees of protection from UV light. Test to ensure packaging meets product protection requirements.
- Learn about the Benefits of E-Commerce Ready Packaging


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Tarpitting is the practice of deliberately inserting a delay into certain SMTP communications that are associated with spam or with other unwanted traffic. To be effective, these kinds of communications typically rely on generating a high volume of traffic. By slowing an SMTP conversation, you can dramatically reduce the rate at which automated spam can be sent or at which a dictionary attack can be conducted. Legitimate traffic may also be slowed by tar pitting.
The tar pit feature is available in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 and in several third-party SMTP servers. The tar pit feature in Windows Server 2003 works by slowing all responses that contain SMTP protocol 5.x.x error codes. An administrator can configure the delay that is introduced by the tar pit feature.
Tar pitting affects only anonymous SMTP connections. Authenticated sessions are exempt. Therefore, if you regularly exchange lots of SMTP mail with another organization,
and you find that tar pitting is affecting that traffic, you can bypass tar pitting for that organization by authenticating SMTP communications.


Job's Tears
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Job's tears beads
Coix lacryma-jobi1.jpg
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Monocots
(unranked): Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Panicoideae
Tribe: Andropogoneae
Genus: Coix
Species: C. lacryma-jobi
Binomial name
Coix lacryma-jobi
Coix agrestis Lour.
Coix arundinacea Lam.
Coix exaltata Jacq.
Coix lacryma L.
C.lacryma-jobi plant with flowers and fruit in Nepal
C. lacryma-jobi seeds in a necklace prepared in the Zulu tradition.
Job's Tears (Coix lacryma-jobi), Coixseed, Tear Grass, Hato Mugi, adlay, or adlai, is a tall grain-bearing tropical plant of the family Poaceae (grass family) native to Southeast Asia[1] but elsewhere cultivated in gardens as an annual. It has been naturalized in the southern United States and the New World tropics. In its native environment it is grown in higher areas where rice and corn do not grow well. Job's Tears are also commonly sold as Chinese pearl barley in Asian supermarkets, although C. lacryma-jobi is not closely related to barley (Hordeum vulgare).
There are two main varieties of the species.
 1. Wild type Coix lacryma-jobi var. stenocarpa and var. monilifer has hard shelled pseudocarps which are very hard, pearly white, oval structures used as beads for making rosaries, necklaces, and other objects.
 2. Cultivated type Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen is harvested as a cereal crop, has soft shell, and is used medicinally in parts of Asia.[2]
Besides the use for ornamental purposes, Job's tears grains are useful as a source of food (cereals) and folk medicine.[3][4]
Throughout East Asia, Vyjanti beads are available in dried form and cooked as a grain. The grains are generally spherical, with a groove on one end, and polished white in color, though in Japan unpolished yuuki hatomugi, which is unpolished and brown in color, is also available.
In Korea, a thick drink called yulmu cha (율무차, literally "Job's tears tea") is made from powdered Job's tears. A similar drink, called Yi Ren Jiang (薏仁漿), also appears in Chinese cuisine, and is made by simmering whole polished Job's Tears in water and sweetening the resulting thin, cloudy liquid with sugar. The grains are usually strained from the liquid but may also be consumed separately or together.
In both Korea and China, distilled liquors are also made from the grain. One such example is the South Korean liquor called okroju (옥로주; hanja: ), which is made from rice and Job's tears. In Japan, an aged vinegar is made from the grain.[5]
In southern Vietnam, a sweet, cold soup called sâm bổ lượng has Job's Tears as one of its ingredients. This dish derives from the southern Chinese tong sui called qīng bǔ liáng (; Cantonese: ching1 bou2 leung4).
In Thailand, it is often consumed in teas and other drinks, such as soy milk.
It is also used alongside other herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. Particularly Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen has been used in the traditional Chinese medicine to invigorate the spleen function and promote urination, alleviate arthritis, arrest diarrhea, remove heat and facilitate the drainage of pus.[6]
In both the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians and the Cherokee Nation in Oklahoma, the beads of Job's Tears are called "corn beads" or "Cherokee corn beads" and have been used for personal adornment since at least the time of the united Cherokee Republic. A common folk story is that the corn beads sprang up along the path during the 1838 forced march of many Cherokees to Oklahoma from their southeastern North American homelands by the U.S. military.
 1. ^ Taylor, G. D., "Some crop distributions by tribes in upland Southeast Asia", Southwestern Journal of Anthropology Vol. 9, No. 3, Autumn 1953
 2. ^ Arora, R. K., 1977, "Job's tears (Coix lacryma-jobi) - a minor food and fodder crop of northeastern India", Economic Botany, Vol. 31, No. 3, 358–366.
 3. ^ Hill,A.F.,1952,Economic Botany,McGraw-Hill
 4. ^ Duke,J.A.,1983,Handbook of Energy Crops,
 5. ^ "Traditional Japanese foods - Hato Mugi Vinegar". Natural Import Company. Retrieved 2012-01-10.
Further reading[edit]
External links[edit]


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Definitions for scale insect
Random House Webster's College Dictionary
any of numerous small plant-sucking insects of the superfamily Coccoidea, the females of which are often covered by a waxy secretion resembling scales.
small homopterous insect that usually lives and feeds on plants and secretes a protective waxy covering
Use the citation below to add this definition to your bibliography:
"scale insect." Definitions.net. STANDS4 LLC, 2013. Web. 18 May 2013. .


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MakerDojo is a club encouraging the general public to explore science and technology in hands-on "hacker" style workshops inspired by the growing Maker movement, a worldwide community of hobbyists, students and enthusiasts who take a creative, DIY approach to technology, science and engineering. We give practical experience of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) areas and the opportunity to become confident inventors, experimenters and creators.
The events are aimed for adults down to Transition Year students to (think 16 and older), however younger people are encouraged attend as part of a family group. If there are any workshops you would like to see covered in the MakerDojo series, contact William Knott in Tyndall National Institute's MakerSpace Lab or via _USER_ on Twitter. MakerDojo is made possible due to funding from Science Foundation Ireland _TAG_
The Scream Queen and Scream King are extensions of workshops from earlier in the year. Everything in a computer is a number, sensors give numbers to be interpreted. Well, what happens if you decide to interpret them as sound. The Queen uses soil moisture sensors as her "crown". The sensors are calibrated for the moisture of human skin, and touching the spikes allows a measurement which is turned in to a tone. Different hands may yield different results. The King is using ultrasonic "eyes" to measure how far away you are. And that measurement works like a theremin to pulse your distance.
We'll also have details on how to make your own when you go home…


text: Formal collaborations between community groups and academic institutions to promote economic development have increased substantially over the past 10 years. The bulk of research on community-campus partnerships has focused on the experiences of institutions of higher learning and the foundations that have funded the collaborations, leaving a gap in our understanding of community experiences. This report draws on a variety of sources, including first-person interviews and academic literature, to bring out community perspectives on what makes for successful partnerships. The conclusions are presented as practical suggestions for community groups and campuses seeking to optimize partnerships. Four case studies describe lessons learned by participating community groups.


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|Portability||portable (depends on GHC)|
A set of rectangles describing areas to be redrawn.
- Regions consist of a set of non-overlapping rectangles. They are used to specify the area of a window which needs updating.
- makeNewRegion :: Ptr Region -> IO Region
- newtype Region = Region (ForeignPtr Region)
- regionNew :: IO Region
- data FillRule
- regionPolygon :: [Point] -> FillRule -> IO Region
- regionCopy :: Region -> IO Region
- regionRectangle :: Rectangle -> IO Region
- regionGetClipbox :: Region -> IO Rectangle
- regionGetRectangles :: Region -> IO [Rectangle]
- regionEmpty :: Region -> IO Bool
- regionEqual :: Region -> Region -> IO Bool
- regionPointIn :: Region -> Point -> IO Bool
- data OverlapType
- regionRectIn :: Region -> Rectangle -> IO OverlapType
- regionOffset :: Region -> Int -> Int -> IO ()
- regionShrink :: Region -> Int -> Int -> IO ()
- regionUnionWithRect :: Region -> Rectangle -> IO ()
- regionIntersect :: Region -> Region -> IO ()
- regionUnion :: Region -> Region -> IO ()
- regionSubtract :: Region -> Region -> IO ()
- regionXor :: Region -> Region -> IO ()
Specify how to interpret a polygon.
- The flag determines what happens if a polygon has overlapping areas.
How a rectangle is contained in a
Move a region.
- Positive values shrink the region, negative values expand it.
Updates the region to include the rectangle.
Intersects one region with another.
reg1to include the common areas of
Unions one region with another.
Removes pars of a
- Reduces the region
reg1so that is does not include any areas of


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The de Havilland DH 82 Tiger Moth is a 1930s biplane designed by Geoffrey de Havilland and was operated by the Royal Air Force and others as a primary trainer. The Tiger Moth remained in service with the RAF until 1952 when many of the surplus aircraft entered civil operation. Many other nations used the Tiger Moth both in military and civil applications and the ubiquitous little trainer is still in great demand worldwide as a recreational aircraft. It is still occasionally used as a primary training aircraft, although now most Tiger Moths employed in training duties are used by pilots gaining experience for 'taildragger' license ratings.
From the outset, the Tiger Moth proved to be an ideal trainer, simple and cheap to own and maintain, although control movements required a positive and sure hand as there was a slowness to control inputs. Some instructors preferred these flight characteristics because of the effect of "weeding" out the inept student pilot.
The RAF ordered 35 dual-control Tiger Moth Is which had the company designation DH 60T. A subsequent order was placed for 50 aircraft powered by the de Havilland Gipsy Major I engine (130 hp) which was the DH 82A or to the RAF Tiger Moth II. The Tiger Moth entered service at the RAF Central Flying School in February 1932. By the start of the Second World War, the RAF had 500 of the aircraft in service and large numbers of civilian Tiger Moths were impressed to meet the demand for trainers.
During a British production run of over 7,000 Tiger Moths, a total of 4,005 Tiger Moth IIs were built during the war specifically for the RAF, nearly half being built by the Morris Motor Company at Cowley, Oxford.
The Tiger Moth became the foremost primary trainer throughout the Commonwealth and elsewhere. It was the principal type used in the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan where thousands of military pilots got their first taste of flight in this robust little machine. The RAF found the Tiger Moth's handling ideal for training future fighter pilots. Whilst generally docile and forgiving in the normal flight phases encountered during initial training, when used for aerobatic and formation training the Tiger Moth required definite skill and concentration to perform well- a botched maneuver could easily cause the aircraft to stall or spin.
A number of modified Tiger Moths were developed for special roles. A radio-controlled target tug version of the Tiger Moth II called the DH.82B Queen Bee was built with nearly 300 in service at the start of World War II. The Fleet Air Arm operated small numbers of the Tiger Moth II, and the Queen Bee. In the aftermath of Britain's disastrous campaign in France, in August 1940, three proposals involved beach defence systems; 350 Tiger Moths were fitted with bomb racks to serve as light bombers. A more radical conversion involved the "paraslasher," a scythe-like blade fitted to a Tiger Moth and intended to cut parachutist's canopies as they descended to earth. Flight tests proved the idea, but it was not officially adopted. The Tiger Moth was also tested as a "human crop sprayer" intended to dispense "Paris Green" poisonous insecticide from powder dispensers located under the wings.
In Canada, de Havilland manufactured 1,523 of the DH 82C, which had a 145 hp D.H. Gipsy Major 1C engine and other modifications including a tail wheel replacing the original tail skid, a stronger undercarriage with wheels set farther forward and enclosed cockpit with a sliding canopy necessitated by the cold northern climate. The de Havilland Canada operation also supplied 200 Tiger Moths to the USAAF, which designated them the PT-24. A further 151 were built in Norway, Sweden and Portugal while 2,949 Tiger Moths were built by other countries of the British Commonwealth.
In postwar use, surplus Tiger Moths were made available for sale to flying clubs and individuals. They proved to be inexpensive to operate and found enthusiastic reception in the civil market, taking on new roles including aerial advertiser, aerial ambulance, aerobatic performer, crop duster and glider tug. They were often compared with the Stampe SV4 famous aerobatic aircraft.
After the invention of aerial topdressing in New Zealand, large numbers of ex-Royal New Zealand Air Force Tiger Moths built in that country were converted into agricultural aircraft. The front seat was replaced with a hopper to hold superphosphate for aerial topdressing. From the mid 1950s, these topdressers were replaced by more modern types such as the PAC Fletcher, and a large number of New Zealand Tiger Moths in good flying condition then passed to enthusiasts.
Royal Navy Tiger Moths utilised as target tugs and "air experience" machines became the last military aircraft when the service purchased a batch of refurbished examples in 1956.
Numerous examples of the Tiger Moth are still flying today (an estimated 250). The number of airworthy Tiger Moths has increased as previously neglected aircraft (or those previously only used for static display in museums) have been restored. A number of aircraft have been preserved as museum displays (amongst others) at the:
My Proud Association with City's Transport Heritage; THAT REMINDS ME: THE REGULAR FEATURE THAT GIVES YOU THE CHANCE TO CATCH UP WITH YOUR PAST
Jun 06, 2005; READER Barry Greener, of Green Lane, sent in these pictures linked with Coventry's transport past. Here are some of his memories...


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Here are some shocking statistics:
- Only 27% of college graduates are working in the career field for which they studied (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).
- The average worker today stays at each job for about 4.4 years (Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics).
Here are the real life implications of these statistics:
- 73% of college graduates have WASTED tens of thousands of dollars and years of their lives preparing for work that they will NEVER do!
- Constant job turnover, which often results from people working in jobs that they aren't suited for, frequently leads to stress, lack of purpose, depression, and/or financial struggle.
The late Larry Burkett, founder of Christian Financial Concepts (later Crown Ministries), discovered that a large number of the Christians he was counseling financially were embedded in fields of work that they were obviously NOT designed by God to do. Such mismatches caused these Christians not only heartache and stress; they also caused financial trouble. When people engage in work for which they aren't suited, they typically don't perform well, and half-hearted effort usually results in half-hearted pay.
In the late 1980s, Larry envisioned a tool that would help people discover what kind of work God designed them to do, and the Career Direct Assessment was born. Now, with 25+ years and over $2 million invested in its development, the Career Direct Assessment has been designed by Christian professionals in collegiate, mathematical, and psychological fields to help people understand and pursue God's calling for their lives. Pursuing the work for which God has designed us means that our work ceases to be an empty race for money. Instead, it becomes a purpose-filled work from God! Over 150,000 high school students, college students, and adults worldwide have utilized the Career Direct Assessment to:
- Discover their unique vocational design, which is comprised of their personality, interests, skills/abilities, and values.
- Maximize their God-given talents and abilities.
- Find more satisfaction in life by choosing the right career.
- Choose the college major (or other training) that will help them obtain the work that God has for them to do.
The assessment process includes taking the assessment – which takes about an hour and is completed over the Web – and the time spent (usually 2-3 hours) with a trained consultant who helps the client interpret, and put into action, the assessment's results. Without a doubt, God is the SOLE authority in identifying His calling for each of our lives, but part of God's discovery process often includes seeking the wise counsel of fellow believers who are rooted in God's Word (Proverbs 15:22, Proverbs 11:14). With 25+ years and over $2 million of research backing it up, Career Direct absolutely is part of that wise counsel!
To learn more about the Career Direct Assessment, click on the links below. To learn more Career Direct pricing, please visit our Pricing page.
- For testimonials regarding the impact of Career Direct, please click here, or click on the image below:
- Click on the following image to listen to a 1-hour webinar on how the Career Direct Assessment can help people find God's calling for their lives:
- Click on the following image to review a sample Career Direct Assessment report. It will show you the detailed feedback that the Career Direct Assessment provides for each client:
- Click on the following video to learn more about the history and development of the Career Direct Assessment:
- Click on the following video to learn more about the math and the science behind the Career Direct Assessment:
For pricing regarding the Career Direct Assessment, please visit our Pricing page.


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||Overview of Construction and Trade
The construction industry, a business that constantly requires apprenticeships and traineeships, is made up of skilled contractors and qualified technicians who manage building, electrical, carpentry and construction projects.
Construction and trade courses offer various levels of specialisations and specific training in construction and trade-related jobs such as building, carpentry, welding and electrical installation.
Studying Construction and Trade
The most common construction and trade career path is to undertake an apprentice course that will provide real work experience in a company. Popular courses include electrical apprenticeships, building apprenticeships and plumbing apprenticeships, which are offered by registered training organisations and Technical and Further Education (TAFE) institutions.
Building, construction, carpentry and electrical courses are usually offered as six months to two years courses. These involve on-the-job training, where students undertake work experience in a construction or trade company.
The basic requirements for entry to a construction and trade (carpentry, building, electrical or welding) certificate and diploma programme would be a pass in Mathematics, Physics and English.
Students with their construction certificate or trade qualification seeking higher education pathways can undertake a three to four-year degree in applied science, building and construction or architecture courses, which covers areas such as construction management, building design and surveying, or electrical engineering.
Careers in Construction and Trade
Accreditation and licensing certifications are required for certain jobs in the construction and trade industries, including builders, electricians and construction managers.
Accredited assessments centres will assess and issue the rights for a certified individual to practice in the construction and trade industries after a series of tests and short courses.
Trade industries offer specialised technical services such as mechanical, electrical and plumbing in construction projects. Construction and trade jobs also involve the maintenance of facilities for commercial and residential purposes.
Some of the construction and trade jobs that you can undertake, depending on your specialisation and qualification, include being a builder, carpenter, bricklayer, electrician, plumber or welder. You can also be a construction manager or project manager if you have the right qualification and experience.
Different Australian states may have varying accreditation standards for the construction, building and electrical professions, so it is important to check on the required license in your intended place of practice versus the location of where you have obtained your assessment qualification.?
Skills needed in Construction and Trade
Occupational, health and safety knowledge is a prerequisite for construction and trade jobs. An overall clean bill of health is also required as the job will involve physical strength, and being on your feet for long stretches.
Project management and strong communication skills are also useful, as construction and trade jobs require interacting with clients, suppliers and sub-contractors for a turnkey project.
Automotive & Mechanical
Search for Trade courses


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Definition of screed in English:
1A long speech or piece of writing, typically one regarded as tedious.
- There are other misimpressions created by your articles that necessitate a response, but I did not intend for this to become a screed against your writing.
- I have written a tedious screed on the event that is best ignored entirely.
- His writings varied from incoherent screeds to astute examinations of government hypocrisy.
2A leveled layer of material (e.g., cement) applied to a floor or other surface.
- The lift was inoperable, the walls had been left with barely an undercoat on them and there was bare screed on the floors.
- While modest in its material composition - concrete, screed, plasterboard and glass - the building has been made with precision and consistency.
- It is not the moisture in the slab or screed which is important, but the quantity of moisture leaving the slab and generating the vapour pressure.
2.1A strip of plaster or other material placed on a surface as a guide to thickness.
- These screeds will guide the straightedge (called a rod) that is used to level the surface in Step 7.
- If you are building large slabs, could you survive without a laser screed or a power trowel?
- We have seen truss screeds used to span 50-foot wide sections, but that is pushing things near their limit - unless flatness isn't an issue.
verb[with object] Back to top
Level (a floor or layer of concrete) with a straight edge using a back and forth motion while moving across the surface.
- Once the floor is initially screeded, the first hand tool in the superflat process is the saw beam.
- A profile pan located on the back edge of the grout box is equipped with a tamper bar that oscillates vertically to push aggregate below the profile pan as the concrete is screeded.
- After placement, the panels are screeded with a straightedge or vibrating screed in preparation for finishing.
Words that rhyme with screedaccede, bead, Bede, bleed, breed, cede, concede, creed, deed, Eid, exceed, feed, Gide, God speed, greed, he'd, heed, impede, interbreed, intercede, Jamshid, knead, lead, mead, Mede, meed, misdeed, mislead, misread, need, plead, proceed, read, rede, reed, Reid, retrocede, secede, seed, she'd, speed, stampede, steed, succeed, supersede, Swede, tweed, weak-kneed, we'd, weed
Definition of screed in:
- British & World English dictionary
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
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Kids love guessing games and ours are no exception. I remember teachers holding their fingers up behind their backs and the child who guessed the closest to the number of fingers they were holding up got a privilege, such as walking out first to recess. The game never got old because there was always a new opportunity to guess. This continued into higher grades where teachers would write down a number and have students guess. In kindergarten and preschool, guessing the number is exciting enough and needs no further reward.
How many gems am I holding? Pre-K and Kinder Guessing Game From 0 to 5
You will need:
- 5 glass gems or other small objects
- That's it!
This game is so simple that it requires no set-up except gathering five gems or other small items. If you use something other than gems, it should be easy for the children to grasp without dropping. Tell them you are going to put between zero and five gems into their hands which they will hide behind their backs. They will not know how many gems are in their hands. Other students will each take turns guessing how many gems there are and then the student with the gems (or no gems) will take his hands out from behind his back and open them for all to see and determine who was the closest. The game continues until each child has had a turn. This is a great game for rainy days and can be done spontaneously as it requires no prep time! You can also change it up to be a guessing game about colors by placing a colored bear or other object into their hands and have everyone guess the color.
MORE Hands-on, Playful ways to teach the numbers 0-5 with these activities from the Early Childhood Education Team. Follow the hashtag _TAG_ to find all of the FREE learning activities from the team.
Learning 2 Walk


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The sphragis of Heliodoros, genealogy in the Aithiopika, and Julian's Hymn to King Helios.
This article analyses the final sentence of Heliodoros's Aithiopika as a sphragisan autobiographical statement by the author. Heliodoros here stresses his descent from Helios, as one of characters in the romance, Persinna, also does. However, while genealogy (or physis) is an important element it is counterbalanced by the relativization of knowledge in the Aithiopika - nomos is king. The tension between these concepts is resolved by reading the romance in the light of Julian's Hymn to Helios.


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In its never-ending quest to organize the world's information, Google started to digitize old editions from newspapers like Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, St. Petersburg Times, Today's News-Herald and make them available at Google News Archive.
"Today, we're launching an initiative to make more old newspapers accessible and searchable online by partnering with newspaper publishers to digitize millions of pages of news archives. This effort expands on the contributions of others who've already begun digitizing historical newspapers. In 2006, we started working with publications like the New York Times and the Washington Post to index existing digital archives and make them searchable via Google News Archive," explains Google Blog.
The newspapers digitized by Google are available for free in an interface similar to the one from Google Book Search. Unfortunately it's quite difficult to read articles, even though Google automatically detects headlines and centers the associated content.
Daily Dot on the pre-history of Tumblr
1 hour ago


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Nils DalénArticle Free Pass
Nils Dalén, in full Nils Gustaf Dalén (born Nov. 30, 1869, Stenstorp, Swed.—died Dec. 9, 1937, Stockholm), Swedish engineer who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1912 for his invention of the automatic sun valve, or Solventil, which regulates a gaslight source by the action of sunlight, turning it off at dawn and on at dusk or at other periods of darkness. It rapidly came into worldwide use for buoys and unmanned lighthouses.
In 1906 Dalén became chief engineer of the Gas Accumulator Company, which marketed acetylene gas. He became managing director of the company in 1909 and then invented Agamassan, a substance that absorbs acetylene, making it possible to concentrate the gas with no danger of explosion. He was blinded by an explosion during an experiment in 1913, but he continued experimental work until his death.
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