By an Aronszajn tree, I mean a tree of height $\omega_1$ with countable levels and no branch. Such a tree is Souslin if it has no uncountable antichains and special if it can be written as the countable union of antichains. It is well known that there is both a ccc forcing and a $\sigma$-closed forcing for adding Souslin trees and, given any Aronszajn tree $T$ (Souslin or otherwise) there is a ccc forcing for specializing $T$. Therefore we can add Souslin trees, and then specialize them, giving us new special Aronszajn trees. In this post I have a variety of questions about forcings which add Aronszajn trees that are neither special nor Souslin. The most basic of these is as follows.
Question 1: What are some of the most common ways of forcing to add an Aronszajn tree which is neither Souslin nor special? In this post Mohammad Golshani cites a theorem that immediately implies that such trees exist under certain $\diamondsuit$ hypotheses. Therefore forcings to add diamonds suffice but I'm curious whether there is a more explicit forcing where the generic is actually the tree.
My next question is about killing Souslin-ness (or whatever it's called) without specializing.
Question 2: Suppose $T$ is Souslin. Does there exist a forcing notion $\mathbb P$ such that in $V^\mathbb P$, $T$ is still Aronszajn but no longer Souslin and also not special?
I'm also curious about these questions in the case of fat Aronszajn trees: Aronszajn trees with the requirement of countable levels removed. The same ccc specializing forcing works to make such trees special so under MA all such trees are special. I'm curious whether non-special fat Aronszajn trees can be built by hand using forcing.
Question 3: What forcings will add a fat, non-special Aronszajn tree?
 - 2
 $\begingroup$ In these notes math.cmu.edu/~eschimme/Appalachian/EisworthMooreNotes.pdf a forcing to kill an A-tree is provided. It answers your second question. (Page 17.) $\endgroup$ – Not Mike Jan 12 '18 at 22:18
 - $\begingroup$ Regarding question 2, I suggest the following: suppose $T$ is the given Souslin tree and suppose all of its levels be countable. Let $P$ be the forcing notion for adding an antichain into $T$ using conditions which are finite antichains of $T$. The forcing is c.c.c and adds an uncountable antichain in $T$. I think $T$ is not special in the extension but I did not check it. $\endgroup$ – Mohammad Golshani Jan 14 '18 at 4:52
 - $\begingroup$ I may mention that the work of Laver-shelah to kill all $\aleph_2$-Soulin trees uses similar forcing using countable antichains. $\endgroup$ – Mohammad Golshani Jan 14 '18 at 4:52
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_ Mike thank you I'll check that out! $\endgroup$ – Corey Bacal Switzer Jan 15 '18 at 13:31
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_ Golshani Thanks as well. For both of the forcings you suggest do you know of a reference I can look at? $\endgroup$ – Corey Bacal Switzer Jan 15 '18 at 13:31
Regarding your comment before Question 3, you mean all such trees with size $<\mathfrak{m}$ are special. In particular, it doesn't say anything about trees of size $\geq 2^{\omega}$. Indeed, $T(\mathbb{R})$ where elements are bounded well ordered subsets of $\mathbb{R}$ ordered by end-extension is not special. It definitely has no uncountable branches.
For question 1, you can first add a Suslin tree (there are various ways of doing this), of which the most straightfoward one is to use countable well-pruned trees with end-extension (due to Jech). For the second step (which also gives yet another answer to the second question), you can pick $S\subset \omega_1$ that is stationary and co-stationary, and use a Shelah style forcing $Q(T,S)$ to make $T$ $S$-st-special (this means there exists a regressive function $f$ whose domain is $T\restriction S$ such that $t


text:
MonoScan provides a non-contact ultrasonic answer for measuring the level of chemical solutions in KunMing Chemical company.
KunMing Qingshang Chemical is China's leading provider of a variety of chemical products. The company produces several types of chemical solutions such as, Ammonium Chloride (NH4CI), Niter (KNO3) and more. These solutions are stored in large vessels and need to be carefully controlled and monitored.
A number of problems may be encountered when measuring chemical solution levels:
- The environment inside the tank may be highly corrosive and therefore require vigorous measurement devices.
- The chemical solutions release gases which create a "blanket" of vapor covering the liquid solution, and impede accessibility to the solution's surface.
- The vapors can change the velocity of the sound waves passing through them, resulting in heavy interference in the measurement process.
- In the past, KunMing Chemical used contact devices that were not robust enough to withstand the corrosive environment inside the tanks. For that reason the company considered non-contact, ultrasonic devices which are robust and stable and can provide more accurate measurement results.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


DF2014:Date palm
From Dwarf Fortress Wiki
(Redirected from DF2014:Date)
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Date palm
Urist likes date palms for their fruit.
Wet Dry
Deciduous No
Density 820
Max trunk height 8
Max trunk diameter 1
Trunk branching 0
Heavy branch radius 1
Branch radius 2
Root radius 3
Heavy branch density 0
Branch density 0
Root density 5
Wood Date palm wood
Fruit Date
Flower Date palm flower stalk
Alcohol Date wine
Flower Properties
Edible Yes
Cookable Yes
Fruit Properties
Edible Yes
Cookable Yes
Seed Properties
Edible No
Wikipedia article
This article is about the current version of DF.
Date palms are one of the many genera of trees found above ground. Like the vast majority of above ground trees, date palm wood is brown and produces brown products.
Date palms bear dates that can be harvested by setting up a gathering zone. They can be eaten raw, cooked, or brewed into date wine. The flower stalks can also be harvested in the spring, but can only be eaten or cooked. Due to their narrow profile and the height that they grow to, date palms may not be worth harvesting unless nothing else is available.
Some dwarves like date palms for their fruit.
Admired for its fruit.
"Date palm" in other Languages Books-aj.svg aj ashton 01.svg
Dwarven: dëm kulin
Elvish: iÿi mimi
Goblin: xenak luböm
Human: begu esme


Reflection: Developing a Conceptual Understanding Analyzing a Character's Traits: Is Katniss a Hero? - Section 2: Discussion: Is Katniss a Hero?
I think it was critical that we took time to define what a hero was prior to applying that to the book.
If we hadn't take the time, then the discussion and debate would have gotten bogged down with comments like, "That's not what a hero is" or "How is that heroic?"
If we didn't have that common framework, students who tried to get off task with outrageous comments and claims would have a valid point. With the framework, students (not me) were able to point to the qualities and point out the illogical comments.
If we didn't have the qualities, students would have been stumped. Is Katniss a hero? Sure, why not. With the framework, students were able to delve deeper into the text.
And finally, it's an exercise in critical thinking. What is a hero, really? Is it really a sports player? Is it someone who saves a bunch of people? Is it someone who is selfish, but is also an inspiration?
What is a hero, really?
 Using a Framework in a Debate
 Developing a Conceptual Understanding: Using a Framework in a Debate
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Analyzing a Character's Traits: Is Katniss a Hero?
Unit 12: Novel Study: The Hunger Games
Lesson 20 of 21
Objective: Students will be able to write an argumentative piece of writing by participating in a class discussion.
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text:
You know it is election season in Peru when the number of public works projects (obras) increases so much that traffic comes to a virtual standstill. That's how Lima is today ahead of the municipal and regional elections that will be held in October 2010. Much is at stake as the outcomes are a telltale sign for what may happen in next year's presidential election
The massive display of obras during an election year is not uncommon. In fact, they are strategic. Visible projects—like the construction of an electric train and bus system in Lima—are displays of what the government has done for its people, and are often used as a form of propaganda by candidates running in incumbent seats. Closely following the Latin American tradition of populismo, incumbent candidates appeal to the masses through these obras. Yet, the use of public works projects as propaganda can pose risks too. Publicly displayed accomplishments might also expose the corruption associated with their construction.
Lima has a history of failed public works projects. During President Alan García's first term (1985—1990) he invested in a national project to construct a Tren Electrico—a train system that would run through the city. However, the project was abandoned and some parts of the construction turned into artwork. At the same time President García was accused of rampant corruption and mismanagement of the project. Then after winning the presidency again in 2006, he promised to complete the project by the end of his term in 2011.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Jack KerouacThe son of an impoverished French-Canadian family, Jack Kerouac also questioned the values of middle-class life. He met members of the "Beat" literary underground as an undergraduate at Columbia University in New York City. His fiction was much influenced by the loosely autobiographical work of southern novelist Tom Wolfe.
Kerouac's best-known novel, On the Road (1957), describes "beatniks" wandering through America seeking an idealistic dream of communal life and beauty through jazz and drug-induced visions. The book epitomises the generation that Kerouac himself named as "beat." It is the tale of his adventures with Neal Cassady (the character Dean Moriarty), before he dropped out of the 'Beat' scene and withdrew into alcoholism.
The Dharma Bums (1958) also focuses on peripatetic counterculture intellectuals and their infatuation with Zen Buddhism. Kerouac also penned a book of poetry, Mexico City Blues (1959), and volumes about his life with such beatniks as experimental novelist William Burroughs and poet Allen Ginsberg.


Question: What Is The Meaning Of Gentle?
How do you describe a gentle person?
The gentle person attracts the trust of others because of this strength.
Their character is consistent, reliable, and steady.
They are aware of the needs of the people around them and willing to bring their natural and peaceful disposition to the party.
Everyone carries gentleness within the core of their being..
What is it called when you bounce back?
other words for bounce back overcome. rebound. recover. recuperate. echo.
How can you show gentleness to others?
5 Ways to Be the Kindest, Gentlest YouLearn to reserve judgment, and keep an open mind. Give up what you thought you once knew so well. … Give people a chance to talk. … Being kind means being honest. … Be selfless. … Turn your attention away from yourself, and highlight the beautiful qualities in another.
What does gentle mean in the Bible?
In order to be gentle, we must not view ourselves as better than someone else. Rather than asserting superiority, someone who is gentle wants to help others, even when they have been done wrong. An example of gentleness can be seen in John 8, when the Pharisees bring a woman who was caught in adultery to Jesus.
What does a gentle soul mean?
Therefore, "gentle soul" means a person who is quiet and refined in manners; not rough or harsh; a person whose natural disposition is mild, meek, bland, amiable, tender. Gentle soul is also used in describing a person who is soft; not violent or rough; not strong, loud, or disturbing; easy; soothing; pacific.
What is the difference between gentle and quiet?
As adjectives the difference between quiet and gentle is that quiet is with little or no sound; free from of disturbing noise while gentle is tender and amiable; of a considerate or kindly disposition.
How do you describe a kind hearted person?
adjective. If you describe someone as kind-hearted, you mean that they are kind, caring, and generous. He was a warm, generous and kind-hearted man. Synonyms: sympathetic, kind, generous, helpful More Synonyms of kind-hearted.
How do you describe a kind person?
Amiable — He's friendly and nice. Charming — He has a "magic" effect that makes people like him. Polite — He's good at saying "please," "thank you," etc. Likeable — He's easy to like.
What is a good hearted person?
adjective. (of a person) kind, caring, and generous. She is good-hearted.
What are the synonyms for kindness?
What is the antonyms of gentle?
Antonyms: unkind, intense, lowborn, loud, heavy, wild, steep, untamed. Synonyms: lenify, appease, mollify, pacify, gruntle, title, dignify, placate, ennoble, assuage, entitle, conciliate. gentle(verb)
What is the meaning of gently in English?
1a : free from harshness, sternness, or violence used gentle persuasion. b : tractable, docile a gentle horse. 2 : soft, delicate the gentle touch of her hand. 3 : moderate His doctor recommended gentle exercise.
What is the meaning of kind and gentle?
When used as adjectives, gentle means tender and amiable, whereas kind means having a benevolent, courteous, friendly, generous, gentle, liberal, sympathetic, or warm-hearted nature or disposition, marked by consideration for – and service to – others. Gentle is also verb with the meaning: to become gentle.
What are the synonyms of gentle?
other words for gentleamiable.compassionate.considerate.genial.mellow.pleasant.quiet.tame.
How do I become a gentle woman?
16 Tips for the GentleWomenLet the man be a gentlemen. Some women have no problem with this, in fact, they enjoy it. … Stay off your phone. … One man at a time. … Don't be afraid to dress-up. … Don't be afraid to dress-down. … Keep it classy. … Don't be afraid to show some love. … Be confident in who you are.More items…•
Is most gentle correct?
AdjectiveEdit The superlative form of gentle; most gentle. The family bought the pet that they thought was the gentlest.
What is the difference between kindness and gentleness?
Gentleness is about how one goes about action. Kindness is about what actions one takes and why. One who is gentle strives in all they do to be harmless. To not force the other, to not hurt the other.
What is the means of gentle?
adjective, gen·tler, gen·tlest. kindly; amiable: a gentle manner. not severe, rough, or violent; mild: a gentle wind; a gentle tap on the shoulder. moderate: gentle heat. gradual: a gentle slope.
What is a gentle personality?
A gentle person is someone who is calm and rational in a state of anger. A gentle person is aware of the needs of others and is open to new experiences and ideas.
What's another word for gently?
In this page you can discover 21 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for gently, like: tenderly, softly, lightly, kindly, mildly, benevolently, considerately, smoothly, hushedly, peaceably and tamely.
What is opposite word of gently?
Opposite of gently, delicately or softly. heavily. firmly. forcefully. hard.


text:
The Interstellar Launch Code is a system of coding that identifies any and all spacecraft. The ILCs are a set of three letters, and are given to companies which then assign numbers to each spacecraft. Each combination of letters and numbers is unique to the spacecraft. The ILCs are given out by the Interstellar Spaceflight Administration (ISA). Each craft must have this code visible on some part of the craft.
The ILC coding was first designed by the Danouarri Orbital Shipyards, as their products became more used. In 1528 AKR the company standardized the use of numbers for spacecraft in their subsidiary Danouarri Orbital. The Empire of Worlds, the Federated Systems, and the Independent Coalition of Systems quickly took notice and formed the ISA. In 1593 the first launch codes were assigned.
The system is used to keep track of all commercial and freight launches in the galaxy. The system is also used to communicate between the flight and grounds crews. This also allowed for passengers to quickly locate their launch in the sea of thousands of launches at any given spaceport.
|Core Worlds - Mid-Rim - Outer-Rim|
|Diraunt - Iatassa - Rotis - Sparymna - Trauq - Uith - Xid - Xis - Zneo - Zondes|
|Empire of Worlds - Freedom Commonwealth Alliance - Galactic Republic - Independent Coalition of Systems - Republic Against Tyranny - Xalicean Empire - Yanhacne Empire - Yuciian Republic|
|Galactic Compact - Galactic Coordinates - Interstellar Spaceport Code - Interstellar Launch Code - InterGalactic Spaceflight Administration|
|Avopei-Larru Galactics - Republic Chips|
|Banking Sodality - Corporate Affinity - InterGalactic Trade Alignment|
|Danouarri Orbital Shipyards - Jeji Spacelines - PlasmaTECH - Silei Spacevoyages - Yuci Galactic|
|Adrianna Owen - Brayden Hayes - Jayden Parker - Krisin Ach|
|Ioroball - GraviTrax|


text:
IELTS Essay Sample Latest Question # Course Fee
You should spend 40 minutes on this task.Some people think that governments should pay the course fees for everyone who wants to study at university.To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
Write at least 250 words.
- Paying the fee for everyone will be over budget for the government.
- No competition left resulting in degrading quality of education.
- People with high quality of life will also use government resources which can be put on other resources.
- There are millions who need money for the junior education as well.
- Issues like food, job and many others need attention as well.
Millions all around the world live with the unfulfilled wishes of studying in a university although there are very few who do get the opportunity. With this, there are many who believe that it is the responsibility of the government to ensure that everyone does get admission in the university. In my opinion, the government should definitely give attention to the number of students demanding university education but paying for everyone is surely not a pragmatic step.
Firstly, there are a lot of issues a country face; education being just one of them. There are homeless people, ones who need food and then millions seeking for job. Spending the entire budget on providing university education to everyone will leave government with few resources. Even more, free things often don't receive respect and importance. So, if the students are given free education without any competition, they are likely to take things very lightly. Also, there are students who lack even basic education. It is the responsibility of the government to ensure that the entire nation is on the same page.
In addition, if the government spends fortune on providing education to all, there is less money left for endeavors like space and sports which require equal importance. Nevertheless, it is the competition that ensures that people work hard and improve. Taking away the competition will surely degrade the quality of education.
Overall, surely there are many in need of university education but providing it to all free of cost will bring down the education quality. On the other hand, competition can surely be loosened up and government can provide better scholarships than making it completely free.


Buddha, Buddhism, emptiness, empty, Enlightenment, final goal, illusion, master, Meditation, Mind, One, Practice, Religion, root, true self, Truth, Uncategorized, Zen
Q262. The phrase 'Striving to reach London while staying in London' doesn't make any sense to me. What does it mean?
A. The purpose of Zen meditation is to experience emptiness in person. London is a symbol of emptiness and reaching London means to experience emptiness. It means, in other words, that we are trying to experience emptiness while being emptiness itself. Reaching emptiness is realising the truth that we ourselves are emptiness, not reaching it by moving towards it.
In order to see whether you grasp these words clearly, ask yourself the following question.
Student: "How do you feel when you realise emptiness?"
Master: "I'll be wrong if I answer your question."
©Boo Ahm
All writing ©Boo Ahm. All images ©Simon Hathaway
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text:
We investigated the effects of humor on vocabulary instruction in a study with 84 seventh grade students from an ethnically mixed, middle-class, Northeastern, suburban school district. The experimental group received a series of lessons for vocabulary words for which we provided humorous contexts. The control group received a series of vocabulary lessons for the same words in typical, non-humorous contexts, based on guidelines from a standard reading textbook. Following each lesson, we administered identical assessment tests to each group. An examination of preand post-test scores revealed that students in the experimental group significantly outperformed their control group counterparts on tests for which we provided humorous vocabulary lessons. The study is examined in light of engagement theory within a motivational theoretical perspective.
Aria, C., & Tracey, D. H. (2003). The Use of Humor In Vocabulary Instruction. Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts, 43 (3). Retrieved from _URL_


When we talk about the world of cooking, air fryers are quite new to the scene. They were introduced to the market in the year 2005. While they were initially only intended for commercial purposes, news about the various benefits they brought along spread fast, and they quickly found themselves in demand from regular consumers. There are various air fryer recipes and specializations, like a turkey air fryer, in the market today. And they are here to stay.
How Does an Air Fryer Work?
Ever wondered how does an air fryer work? Or why an air fryer is good for us? Well, the major benefit of using it lies in its working. It uses a steady flow of hot air instead of a lot of hot oil for cooking your favorite dishes. The cooking chamber inside is sealed, and superheated air is circulated around your dish by a fan. This process packs in your dish's flavor along with the moisture, giving it that golden and crunchy crust you get when you fry food. So why should you buy an entirely new appliance that does the same job as something you already have? We are here to answer this.
Benefits of Having an Air Fryer
Besides being one of the ways to make your fried dishes healthier, there are various benefits of having an air fryer. While some of them are well-known, some of them become evident only when one uses them. We are here to list them out for you.
1. They Are Faster and Conserve Electricity Too
When you put them against traditional fryers, they win easily when it comes to time taken. While a deep fryer needs its oil to be heated before the cooking can begin, and an oven also needs some time to preheat, it takes only a few minutes for an air fryer to go from its normal temperature to whatever temperature you want. In the time it takes for the other appliances to get ready for cooking, your air fryer will have cooked the entire dish. Since they are on for lesser times, they use much less electricity than you may think. Most of them have low voltages as well. It is one of their biggest benefits over traditional frying appliances.
2. They Are Much Easier to Clean
Everyone knows how greasy frying in the traditional way can be. An air fryer uses much less oil and hence has barely any grease. The grease accumulates on various surfaces in the kitchen and all the utensils you use to cook. Taking care of the leftover oil is another headache in itself. Even if you have an air fryer with a stainless steel basket, almost all of the parts are dishwasher-safe. Since so little oil is used, the pan can be cleaned in a dishwasher as well. Moreover, a lot of the parts nowadays have a non-stick coating, making them even easier to wash.
3. They Can Prepare a Lot of Dishes
These appliances were not just built to do only traditional frying. They can be used for various other purposes like baking, reheating food, roasting, thawing food, and even stir-frying. That's right. You can use an air fryer for baking cookies too. Some of the newer ones even have various accessories that allow the cooking of more than one dish and even grilling. There are a ton of air fryer ideas out there that are healthier than traditional cooking.
4. They Do Not Compromise on Taste
Traditional frying involves using a lot of oil and dunking your food in it. Since air frying uses a fraction of that amount (generally one tablespoon of oil for air frying for 3 or 4 cups of oil for deep frying), many people think the food might not taste as good. However, everyone who has tried them has concurred that they are just as good without any of the high-calorie and high-fat oil. So bring out your chef's hat and make anything, from air fryer French fries to air fryer turkey.
Conclusion: Getting an air fryer is one of the healthiest changes you can make in your kitchen. Along with being extremely health-friendly, it also saves you a lot of money in power costs and a lot of time and effort in both cooking and cleaning. Do you have any air fryer recipes you'd like to share with us? Comment down below.
Image by Michal Jarmoluk from Pixabay
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text:
A reconstruction drawing of the Suontaka grave. (University of Turku/Veronika Paschenko)
© 2023 Blaze Media LLC. All rights reserved.
Researchers have long held that a famous Nordic weapon grave evidenced the existence of powerful female warriors in medieval Finland, but now a new interpretation is being cast into the limelight.
Following an ancient-DNA analysis of the 1,000-year-old remains, a group of researchers now claim that the warrior was likely "a respected person whose gender identity may well have been nonbinary."
"The new findings challenge previous ideas about gender roles and expression and suggest that nonbinary people were valued and respected members of their communities," NPR claimed in response to the report, which comes as western society grapples with questions on the relation between gender identity and biological sex.
The findings also serve as a reminder that "biology does not directly dictate a person's self-identity," added the study's lead author, Ulla Moilanen, a doctoral candidate in archaeology at the University of Turku.
Archaeologists first discovered the grave in 1968 in Suontaka Vesitorninmäki in southern Finland. Inside they discovered human remains buried alongside a sword, woolen clothes, and pieces of jewelry such as brooches. The jewelry, researchers said, "indicates that the buried individual was dressed in typical female clothing of the period."
For decades, historians believed the Suontaka grave was either a double burial of a man and a woman, or a burial of just a woman, proving the existence of a respected female warrior class in medieval Finland. But neither of those conclusions are satisfactory, researchers at the University of Turku claim.
Their conclusion was drawn after a DNA analysis suggested that the individual's chromosomal makeup may have been XXY, meaning the buried individual likely had Klinefelter syndrome and was anatomically a male.
According to the Mayo Clinic, Klinefelter syndrome "is a genetic condition that results when a boy is born with an extra copy of the X chromosome." The symptoms can be very mild and the condition often isn't diagnosed until adulthood. But in certain cases, it can result in larger breasts, smaller penis and testicles, and infertility.
Moilanen noted the DNA analysis may not be trustworthy since the DNA was badly damaged and the results were "based on a very small set of data."
Yet nonetheless, according to a news release, she concluded that "the individual buried in Suontaka may be an example of an individual whose social identity settles outside the traditional division of genders."
More detail about the peer-reviewed study can be found in the European Journal of Archaeology, where it was published last month.
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Microsoft, privacy
Microsoft, privacy and biometrics
Microsoft moves to quell Windows 10 privacy fears (Daily Nation)
According to the company's privacy statement, some of the information collected include "your typed and handwritten words", emails, conversations users have with the digital assistant, Cortana, location data and selections, such as stocks a user follows in a finance app, or the team a user supports in a sports app. Articles detailing privacy concerns have appeared in The Guardian, Newsweek and the Financial Times.
In the statement supplied Monday, the company says Microsoft does not sell the information customers provide it, but makes it available to employees and third-party engineers to improve Microsoft services.
Users can choose the level of information they send to it and selectively remove the information that Cortana, the digital assistant, tracks, while no biometric data from Windows Hello is shared with third parties, the company said.
It looks like the attention Microsoft is getting for privacy concerns surrounding Windows 10 is mostly to do with default settings. It also appears that Microsoft treats biometric information differently by default, not sharing it even with trusted third-party developers.
Two of the issues, surrounding Wifi Sence and how Windows Update Delivery Optimization (WUDO), are covered very well by The Hacker News which provides simple instructions for how to address them by changing default settings.
Reading through both of the Hacker News pieces, a picture of Windows 10 emerges that shows Microsoft giving serious thought to how make connectivity simpler with Wifi Sense while making the Windows ecosystem more resilient to the security threats already out there and those that easier connectivity implies with WUDO.
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Inker Robotics develops technology and automation solution to preserve the delicate and age-old art form of puppetry
Inker Robotics, a leading robotics company in India has initiated a first of its kind automation program to preserve the 4000 year old performing art culture, Puppetry. In an attempt to preserve the essence and beauty of a dying art form, so that future generations have an appreciation and can experience the art form as close to the real performance as possible, Inker Robotics has innovatively used technology and automation to successfully replicate the art form of puppetry. The first live model of the automated process in Puppetry is now showcased at the District Heritage Museum in Palakkad, inaugurated by the Kerala State Government Archaeological Department.
With zero compromise on the traditional art form, the automation technology is designed to seamlessly mimic the puppet movements otherwise controlled by skilled hand movements. The soul of puppetry is the skilled hand movements that control the puppets. Played traditionally by Pulavar accompanied with shadow light, sound, and songs. Pulavar is the honourable title given to a scholar and performer who has extensive knowledge of Tholapavakoothu – the Shadow Puppetry of Kerala. A typical performance usually has a group of 7 people managing the puppets in cohesion to produce the narrative.
Commenting on this unique initiative Mr. Rahul P Balachandran, CEO, Inker Robotics said, "The application of automation in trying to revive the art form from dying is one of the many examples that when innovatively used the benefits of automation is transformational. In the middle of a pandemic, a dedicated team of engineers at Inker Robotics have studied this delicate art form along with the Pulavars and worked passionately to bring to life this art form. Utmost focus was placed on ensuring that the fluidity, delicateness, and authenticity of the experience are preserved at the highest level and thereby adding to the complexity of the task. High end coding skills is a must-have for materializing such an idea to perfection."
In modern times, educationists all over the world have realized the potential of puppetry as a medium for communication and by bringing in such inclusion we can bring back the age old way of interactive communication effectively for kids and there by both preserve the art form and make learning more interesting.
Added Mr. Rahul P Balachandran, "We are confident that this initiative will inspire the upcoming generations as an example and motivation to come forward, learn coding and also understand in which all ways these skills can be adapted to real life applications and hacks." With the successful implementation of this project, we are confident that this will re-ignite the interest and revive the 4000 year old art form that was part of the folklore and growing up years of millions of children in the country. Thousands of puppet masters who have enthralled and entertained people with their unmatched skills of storytelling using just strings to manipulate the puppets for several generations would appreciate our innovation that retains the authenticity of the original artform.
Puppetry – a Mesmerizing Medium
Puppetry is a genre of theatre that has its origins dating back to thousands of years! Across the globe there are unique stories that explains the origin of this art. It is defined as a unique story telling artform that helped to describe politics, religion, and satire. If China had a history of Chinese legends and folk tales, Indonesia, had religious stories of good vs. evil to showcase. Turkish was more light-hearted, humour based upon the events of everyday life.
In India, Tamil classic, Silappadikaaram, written around 200 BC by the Jain-poet, Ilango Adigal had references of Puppetry. The art form is believed to have originated in India more than 500 years BC Epics and legends where the themes of Indian Puppetry. The Shadow art Puppetry in Kerala known as Nizhalkoothu focused majorly on the ritual aspect of the art. Where as in North India the artform tried to communicate social issues and stigma around like child marriage, poverty, HIV, Aids, dowry, illiteracy etc.
 Another significant move is when film industry inspired out of the art of puppetry, Walt Disney created ANIMATRONICS a combination of ROBOTICS TECHNOLOGY and COMPUTERS to create lifelike, moving creatures. Integrating puppetry, anatomy and mechatronics, for the first time in history featured an animatronic bird.
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Case Studies
Much of our work focuses on case studies in three river catchments in the Baltic Sea Region. The case studies are all of similar size (1000–2000 km2), draining directly to the Baltic Sea (Poland and Finland) or to lakes draining to the sea (Sweden).
The current status of ecosystems in the catchments will be explored, and potential eco-technologies for the catchments subject to sustainability analyses, in collaboration with local stakeholders and municipalities. The case studies differ mainly in terms of climatic and physiographic conditions, thus creating an opportunity to analyse how different eco-technologies work in different settings.
More information about our three case studies sites
1. Vantaanjoki river basin (1 680 km2)
It flows through the Helsinki metropolitan area, where there are about 1 million inhabitants, before discharging into the Baltic Sea.
Purified sewage waters from this region are discharged into the open sea area in the Gulf of Finland.
However, in the upper reaches of the river there are two towns (Riihimäki and Hyvinkää) with their own wastewater treatment plants also discharging purified wastewaters into the river.
The Vantaanjoki river basin is characterised by a variety of water resources problems like the non-point source pollution from agricultural fields and scattered settlements, as well as the point source pollution coupled with stormwater runoff from the urban areas.
2. Słupia river basin (1 623 km2)
This is a diverse coastal catchment with an expansive area of dunes stretching along the coast. Agricultural land represents 54% of the basin, while forest land represents 42%.
Urban areas constitute around 3%, of which the largest portion is taken by the city of Słupsk with 95,000 inhabitants, and two smaller towns (Bytów and Ustka).
They all have their own wastewater treatment plants discharging purified wastewaters into the Słupia river system. The Słupia catchment is one of the largest catchments on the Polish coast that includes a large city (Słupsk) and thus it offers a unique opportunity to study both the pressure from rural and urban areas on water quality, which are predominant in this part of the Baltic Sea Region.
3. Fyrisån river basin (1 982 km2)
The Fyrisån River is located in the south-eastern part of Sweden. It is a tributary of Lake Mälaren, which has its outlet through Stockholm into the Baltic Sea. The catchment area is distributed among forests (60%), agriculture (32%), wetlands (4%), lakes (2%) and urban areas (2%).
The urban area is dominated by the city of Uppsala which has a population of approximately 200 000 people. Its wastewater treatment plant discharges purified wastewater into the river. The Fyris River basin covers quite a diverse set of landscapes including actively managed forests and agricultural lands in Sweden's fourth largest city, Uppsala. The water quality status of the river has also been very well documented for a long time, making it possible to for example, trace effects of historical implementations of eco-technologies in wastewater treatment plants in the basin.


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A 1975 report identified the areas of geology and anthropology as being the two most likely to develop collections in Australian Universities. Since then Australia has seen a relative decline of the traditional resource-based economy and a lessening demand for geology graduates. Over the last decade, but particularly since 1996, the restructuring of the tertiary education sector has mean that university based collections in areas that do not attract a significant student load, such as geology, are in danger because of a lack of adequate resources for their effective management. Staff levels are an indicator of resources available for management of collections. The 1998 Transforming Cinderella Collections report showed some eight staff Australia-wide responsible for just over 1 million specimens. A mere four years from that time and these staff numbers are now much reduced. Many large collections have no staff and are essentially inaccessible. Whilst the large number specimens required for undergraduate teaching do not require advanced information management systems, those that result from basic research do. Without adequate management systems and strategies, the knowledge base of the earth sciences in Australia is at risk.
|Number of pages||8|
|Journal||Museologia : an international journal of museology|
|Publication status||Published - 2003|


FAQs - What is the byproduct out of FS-HDM/FS-MDP waste oil distillation plant, how do I dispose it?
The byproduct are usually comprised of gas, water, oil sludge/residue and catalysts.
The gas will be purified before emission or to be recycled as heating fuel;
The water will be filtrated and purified as cooling water;
The oil sludge could be used for burning or to be raw material for producing asphalt or road constructions;
The catalysts can be reactivated by microwave or other technologies for reuse. Or to be handed over to the professional recycler for disposal.


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Stop using validations for checking constraints!
 If you run your APEX application - like a Form based on the EMP table - and test if you can change the value of Department to something else then the standard values of 10, 20, 30 or 40, you'll get a nice error message like this:
But it isn't really nice, is it? So what do a lot of developers do? They create a validation (just) in order to show a nicer, better worded, error message like "This is not a valid department". And what you then just did is writing code twice : Once in the database as a (foreign key) check constraint and once as a sql statement in your validation. And we all know : writing code twice is usually not a good idea - and executing the same query twice is not enhancing your performance!
So how can we transform that ugly error message into something nice? By combining two APEX features: the Error Handling Function and the Text Messages!
Start with copying the example of an Error Handling Function from the APEX documentation. Create this function in your database schema and define this as the Error Handling Function for your application:
When you put this in place, the message gets a bit better - the ORA-02291 is removed - but still not that you would like to show to your customer.
Now lets add a few lines to that Error Handling Function in the part that handles the contraint violations. The original code is this:
 l_constraint_name := apex_error.extract_constraint_name (
 p_error => p_error );
 select message
 into l_result.message
 from constraint_lookup
 where constraint_name = l_constraint_name;
 exception when no_data_found
end if;
Now change the select from the constraint_lookup table (which we don't have anyway) into:
 l_constraint_name := apex_error.extract_constraint_name (
 p_error => p_error );
 l_result.message := apex_lang.message( l_constraint_name );
 if l_result.message = l_constraint_name then
 apex_lang.create_message( p_application_id => v('APP_ID')
 , p_name => l_constraint_name
 , p_language => apex_util.get_preference
 , p_message_text => 'TODO'
 end if;
end if;
So the first step is to "translate" the message using the constraint name ( e.g. EMP_DEPT_FK) as a parameter. If that value is not found the apex_lang.message will simply return the parameter value. So if that happens, the procedure apex_lang.create_message is called to create a Text Message entry with a default text "TODO'.
When we run our test case again, the first time we get an error that is only showing the constraint name as a message.
If we immediately press the Save button again, we get a different message.
Now head over to the APEX Designer, Shared Components, Text Messages and look for the messages you still need to change:
And after adding a meaningful message, run your test again.
So without writing any additional validation code on your pages, you can show a nice, user-friendly error message by just using the power of APEX and the Oracle Database.
Of course this is just a simple example of what you can do with an Error Handling Function: just to name an example or two, you can also send an email from that function or do a REST call from one database to another.
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Using Static Files in APEX has never been easier!
Almost every APEX Developer knows that JavaScript and CSS belongs in separate files and (in 99% of the use cases) not somewhere in your Page properties. If you have this code in separate files it is easier to use them in a Version Control System (SVN or Git) - if the files are outside of APEX. And the code you store in these files can be reused, in contrast to the stuff you store on Page level. In a lot of environments it is harder to use external files, because deployment of these files to the appropriate location on a webserver requires special privileges that not everybody has. In those cases storing these files as Static Application Files or Static Workspace Files might be a better solution. It makes deployment easier, because these files will be exported and imported as part of the application. You can't accidentally forget about them. But working with these files is quite a pain. When you need to edit something you have to download that file, make the changes, upload it again
Filtering in the APEX Interactive Grid
Remember Oracle Forms? One of the nice features of Forms was the use of GLOBAL items. More or less comparable to Application Items in APEX. These GLOBALS where often used to pre-query data. For example you queried Employee 200 in Form A, then opened Form B and on opening that Form the Employee field is filled with that (GLOBAL) value of 200 and the query was executed. So without additional keys strokes or entering data, when switching to another Form a user would immediately see the data in the same context. And they loved that. In APEX you can create a similar experience using Application Items (or an Item on the Global Page) for Classic Reports (by setting a Default Value to a Search Item) and Interactive Reports (using the APEX_IR.ADD_FILTER procedure). But what about the Interactive Grid? There is no APEX_IG package... so the first thing we have to figure out is how can we set a filter programmatically? Start with creating an Interactive Grid based upon the good old Employ
Adding items to your Interactive Grid Toolbar
The APEX Interactive Grid uses the Toolbar widget to create the default Toolbar showing the Search box, Actions menu, Save button etc. And since quite a while there is a nice Plugin " Extend IG Toolbar " by Marko Goricki that makes it very easy to add additional buttons to the Toolbar. But what if you need more than a button? Inspecting the contents of widget.toolbar.js, you can easily spot there can be added more to the Toolbar than just a button: The type of control, available values: "STATIC", "TEXT", "SELECT", "BUTTON", "MENU", "RADIO_GROUP", "TOGGLE". The first example will show a way to easily switch from one filter to another. Of course we could use the standard functionality and create two different Report views, but using a Radio Group on the Toolbar gives a more "Tab" like user experience. So how can we create a Radio Group that looks like a switch in the Toolbar? In


Country Size Comparison
Algeria is about 1.4 times smaller than India.
India is approximately 3,287,263 sq km, while Algeria is approximately 2,381,740 sq km, making Algeria 72.45% the size of India. Meanwhile, the population of India is ~1.3 billion people (1.3 billion fewer people live in Algeria).
This to-scale map shows a size comparison of India compared to Algeria. For more details, see an in-depth quality of life comparison of Algeria vs. India using our country comparison tool.
Other popular comparisons:


text:
Discover the Family of National Historic Sites in Alberta
Who are we?
We are the family of National Historic Sites. Designated by the Minister of the Environment on the recommendation of the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada, we are places of national significance to all Canadians. There are over 900 of us, found in every province and territory across Canada. Each is unique and each tells its own compelling story.
National Historic Sites in Alberta
The Alberta branch of the family includes 59 National Historic Sites. We are as varied as the province itself. We are an outpost of the North-West Mounted Police, an early 20th century coalmine, and a park that contains the largest concentration of native rock art on the North American plains.
A Shared Legacy
The responsibility for caring for us is shared by many. Of the 59 sites in Alberta, only nine are owned by Parks Canada. The rest are owned by other levels of government, local organizations and businesses. Many continue in their original function – as an important public building, a grand hotel or a back country ski lodge. Many are heritage attractions and provide opportunities to learn and experience the past first hand.
Come Visit the Family
The following pages will introduce you to our family. Come for a visit. An adventure of discovery, learning and fun awaits you. Ride our trains, remember the feel of wet clay squishing through your fingers, mosey on up to the corral and watch cowboys roping calves, and much, much more. Experience first hand the many places that continue to shape the history of this province and the nation.


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The Desmond Tutu TB Centre (DTTC) at the University of Stellenbosch will today receive an international award for its groundbreaking research into childhood TB and for its pioneering community-based approaches to TB and HIV care.
The U$65 0000 Kochon Prize is awarded annually for the past six years to persons, institutions or organisations that have made a highly significant contribution to combating TB, a disease that is curable but still causes the deaths of three people every minute.
This 2012 prize was announced at the World Health Organisation's Stop TB Symposium, an annual event at the World Conference of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.
Professor Anneke Hesseling, director of the paediatric TB programme at DTTC, accepted the award this morning (SUBS: TUES) in Kuala Lumpur.
"This prize is a wonderful recognition of our center's work in childhood TB over the last two decades and indicates the unique contribution made, cumulatively, by individuals in our group over the years. More importantly, this prize highlights the importance of childhood TB, which has been neglected for many decades," said Hesseling.
She added that childhood TB was an indication of how well we are doing with our overall TB control strategy.
TB in young children indicates recent TB transmission from adults to children, often at the household level, and is an indication of failing TB control among adults with TB, who typically transmit the organism.
Childhood TB also represents a significant burden of disease in high-burden countries such as South Africa, where almost 15% of all TB cases occur in children.
Since young children are more prone to a severe form of disease, such as TB meningitis, often with poor outcome, TB in young children can be a very serious disease, causing considerable morbidity and mortality.
Hesseling believes that for the first time, there seems to be hope in the fight against childhood TB.
"We have more emphasis on childhood TB from WHO and from public health programs which have traditionally only focused on adult infectious TB cases. Developing countries are writing guidelines and are implementing care for childhood TB while child-friendly TB drugs are being developed. New diagnostic tools are being developed; such tools should also specifically consider the needs of children, which remains a challenge," said Hesseling.
However, a new, more effective TB vaccine is urgently needed if there was any hope of winning the battle against childhood (and adult) TB.
Several new TB vaccines are currently being evaluated, including in South Africa, and all these trials include children.
New TB drugs are being evaluated to treat drug-resistant and susceptible forms of TB in adults and there are plans to also test these and make them eventually available in children.
"The biggest current challenge for TB control in children is that we have good knowledge, but that implementation is lagging behind – the 'implementation infidelity' phenomenon," Hesseling added.
Asked what items she would place on wishlist, Hesseling listed:
· Increased political commitment for the prevention and treatment of childhood TB at programmatic level
· An effective and safe vaccine to prevent TB in children.
· The use of more family-friendly integrated ways to address both TB and HIV at the household and community level
· Funding and research to generate new child-friendly accurate TB diagnostic tests in children
· Effective and safe, shorter treatment regimens to prevent and treat TB in children
Hesseling ascribes the growing international interest in childhood TB over the past five years to the fact that the HIV research community now recognises that TB and HIV are inextricably linked, and the fact that childhood TB has been placed on the international TB control and advocacy agenda. She added that attention was also increasingly given to the design and implementation of very rigorous high-quality research for childhood TB, which is impacting on policy and practice, but also on the awareness of childhood TB in the international research funding community.
"We have a long way to go in this regard, but for the first time, there is a feeling that 'childhood TB is coming of age'," she said.
Dr Lucica Ditiu, Executive Secretary of the Stop TB Partnership said it was shameful that every day, across the world, 200 children die of tuberculosis.
"This is absolutely shameful, considering that we are in 2012, and it costs less than 3 cents a day to provide preventive treatment and 50 cents a day to provide treatment that will cure the disease. But children are often forgotten. The Desmond Tutu Centre has been at the forefront of organisations fighting to end the tragedy of TB in children," said Ditiu.
The Desmond Tutu TB Centre has established a number of outreach projects in areas where research is conducted; operating on the principle that research should be integrated with the services delivered by the Department of Health. It also established and runs the world's first international childhood TB training programme.
The scientific body of work on childhood TB produced by the centre's researchers includes more than 300 articles on the epidemiology, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of childhood TB. This work has engendered ten international policy documents on childhood TB, creating a robust evidence base for addressing childhood TB.


text:
How to size your finger
- Cut a thin strip of paper.
- Wrap the paper around your finger.
- Make sure the paper is below the joint of your finger and close to your knuckle.
- Mark the spot where the paper meets.
- Measure the distance with a ruler.
Silicone rings do have some stretch but it is important your ring isn't too tight.
We sell male and female silicone rings in small, medium and large.
Click the button below to download the sizing chart.
If you're at all concerned about sizing just email us via _EMAIL_


text:
Frame Relay Traffic Shaping
Network Consultants Handbook - Frame Relay
by Matthew Castelli
Traffic shaping supports the controlling of the traffic going out of an interface. This control matches the flow of traffic to the speed of the remote destination (or target) interface and ensures that the traffic conforms to policies contracted for the interface. Traffic adhering to a particular profile can be shaped to meet downstream requirements, eliminating bottlenecks in topologies with data-rate mismatches.The primary reasons for using traffic shaping are to control access to available bandwidth, to ensure that traffic conforms to the policies established for the available bandwidth, and to regulate the flow of traffic to avoid congestion. Congestion can occur when the sent traffic exceeds the access speed of its destination (target) interface across a VC.
Following are some examples of when to use traffic shaping:
- To control access to bandwidth when policy dictates that the rate of a given interface should not, on the average, exceed a certain rate, even though the access rate exceeds the speed.
- To configure traffic shaping on an interface if you have a network with differing access rates. Suppose that one end of the link in a Frame Relay network runs at 256 kbps and the other end of the link runs at 128 kbps. Sending packets at 256 kbps could cause failure of the applications that are using the link.
NOTE: Regarding a similar, more complicated case, a link-layer network giving indications of congestion that has differing access rates on different attached DTE; the network might be able to deliver more transit speed to a given DTE device at one time than another. (This scenario warrants that the token bucket be derived, and then its rate maintained.)
- To partition the T1 or T3 links into smaller channels in a subrate service scenario.
Traffic shaping limits the rate of transmission of data, limiting the data transfer to one of the following:
- A specific configured rate
- A derived rate based on the level of congestion
The mean rate is equal to the burst size divided by the interval, as demonstrated by the following equation:
Mean rate = Burst Size (BC + BE) / Time Interval (TC)When traffic shaping is enabled, a maximum burst size can be sent during every time interval. However, within the interval, the bit rate might be faster than the mean rate at any given time.
BE size is an additional variable that applies to traffic shaping. The excess burst size corresponds to the number of noncommitted bits -- those bits outside the CIR -- that are still accepted by the Frame Relay switch but marked as DE.
The BE size allows more than the burst size to be sent during a time interval. The switch will allow the frames that belong to the excess burst to go through, but it will mark them by setting the DE bit. The switch configuration determines whether the frames are sent.When BE size equals 0 (BE = 0) the interface sends no more than the burst size every interval, realizing an average rate no higher than the mean rate. When BE size is greater than 0 (BE > 0) the interface can send as many as BC + BE bits in a burst, if the maximum amount was not sent in a previous time period. When less than the burst size is sent during an interval, the remaining number of bits, up to the BE size, can be used to send more than the burst size in a later interval.
Frame Relay DE Bit
Frame Relay frames can be specified regarding which have low priority or low time sensitivity. These frames will be the first to be dropped when a Frame Relay switch is congested. The DE bit is the mechanism that allows a Frame Relay switch to identify such frames to be dropped or discarded. DE lists and groups can be managed in the following manner:
- DE lists can be specified that identify the characteristics of frames to be eligible for discarding.
- DE groups can be specified to identify the affected DLCI.
- DE lists can also be specified based on the protocol or the interface, and on characteristics such as fragmentation of the packet, a specific TCP or User Datagram Protocol (UDP) port, an access list number, or a packet size.
Differences Between Traffic-Shaping Mechanisms
Generic traffic shaping (GTS), class-based shaping, distributed traffic shaping (DTS), and Frame Relay traffic shaping (FRTS) are similar in implementation, share the same code and data structures, differ in regard to their CLIs, and differ in the queue types used.
Following are some examples in which these mechanisms differ:
- For GTS, the shaping queue is a weighted fair queue. For FRTS, the queue can be a weighted fair queue (configured by the frame-relay fair-queue command), a strict priority queue with WFQ (configured by the frame-relay ip rtp priority command in addition to the frame-relay fair-queue command), custom queuing (CQ), priority queuing (PQ), or first-in, first-out (FIFO). See Table 15-16 for detailed differences.
- For class-based shaping, GTS can be configured on a class, rather than only on an access control list (ACL). To do so, you must first define traffic classes based on match criteria including protocols, access control lists (ACLs), and input interfaces. Traffic shaping can be applied to each defined class.
- FRTS supports shaping on a per-DLCI basis; GTS and DTS are configurable per interface or subinterface.
- DTS supports traffic shaping based on a variety of match criteria, including user-defined classes, and DSCP.
Table 15-16: Differences Between Shaping Mechanisms
|Command-Line Interface||Applies parameters per subinterface
Traffic group command supported
|Applies parameters per interface or per class||Applies parameters per interface or subinterface||Classes of parameters|
Applies parameters to all VCs on an interface through inheritance mechanism
No traffic group command
|Queues Supported||Weighted fair queuing (WFQ) per subinterface||Class-based weighted fair queuing (CBWFQ) inside GTS||WFQ, strict priority queue with WFQ, CQ, PQ, first come, first served (FCFS) per VC||WFQ, strict priority queue with WFQ, CQ, PQ, FCFS per VC|
GTS can be configured to behave the same as FRTS by allocating one DLCI per subinterface and using GTS plus BECN support. The behavior of the two is then the same with the exception of the different shaping queues used.
FRTS, like GTS, can eliminate bottlenecks in Frame Relay networks that have high-speed connections at the central site and low-speed connections at branch sites. Rate enforcement can be configured as a peak rate configured to limit outbound traffic to limit the rate at which data is sent on the VC at the central site.
FRTS can be used to configure rate enforcement to either the CIR or some other defined value, such as the excess information rate, on a per-VC basis. The ability to allow the transmission speed that the router uses to be controlled by criteria other than line speed -- the CIR or excess information rate -- provides a mechanism for sharing media by multiple VCs. Bandwidth can be allocated to each VC, creating a virtual time-division multiplexing (TDM) network.
PQ, CQ, and WFQ can be defined at the VC or subinterface level. These queuing methods allow for finer granularity in the prioritization and queuing of traffic, providing more control over the traffic flow on an individual VC. If CQ is combined with the per-VC queuing and rate enforcement capabilities, Frame Relay VCs can carry multiple traffic types such as IP, SNA, and IPX with bandwidth guaranteed for each traffic type.
FRTS can dynamically throttle traffic by using information that is contained in the BECN-tagged frames that are received from the network. With BECN-based throttling, frames are held in the router buffers to reduce the data flow from the router into the Frame Relay network. Throttling is done on a per-VC basis, and the transmission rate is adjusted based on the number of BECN-tagged frames received.
FECNs and BECNs indicate congestion in a Frame Relay WAN and are specified by bits within a Frame Relay frame. FECN and BECN operation is as follows:
- FECNs -- These are generated when data is sent out of a congested interface. FECNs indicate to a Frame Relay device that congestion was encountered along the transmission path to the destination. Traffic is marked with BECN if the queue for the opposite direction is full enough to trigger FECNs at the current time.
- BECNs -- These notify the sending Frame Relay device to decrease the transmission rate. If the traffic is one-way only (such as multicast traffic), there is no reverse traffic with BECNs to notify the sending device to slow down. When a Frame Relay device receives a FECN, it first determines whether it is sending data. If the Frame Relay device is sending data along the return path of the FECN, this data will be marked with a BECN on its way to the other Frame Relay device. If the Frame Relay device is not sending data, it can send a Q.922 "TEST RESPONSE" message with the BECN bit set.
When an interface that is configured with traffic shaping receives a BECN, it immediately decreases, or throttles down, its maximum rate by a significant amount. If, after several intervals, the [throttled] interface has not received another BECN and traffic is waiting in the queue, the maximum rate slightly increases. This dynamically adjusted maximum rate is called the derived rate, which will always be between the upper bound and the lower bound that is configured on the


text:
How Do Elves Breath?
Generally glittering dust that emanates from mystical creatures is a sign of enchanted magics at work. The most famous is of course Fairy Dust. Something Fairies produce when flying, or utilizing their powers. Elves hard at work, or utilizing magics may produce Elf Dust from their hands. Walking can cause the dust to sparkle from their feet leaving a clear trail behind them. These are in essence enchanted waste products caused by metaphysical energies being exerted in our physical world as metaphysical matter. If this was a perfect paranormal planet made of enchanted energies then dandy dusts of the supernatural sort wouldn't exist!
Most often Elf Dust is a by-product of their respiration process. When exhaled it's invisible most of time. However it accumulates in the surrounding environment. At North Pole City much of the glitter in the snow is actually Elf Dust. The majority of Elves, including Santa Claus's Enchanted Elves, only breath the Helium in our atmosphere. This partly explains their comical low pitched voices. Helium composes a mere 0.000524% of our air as opposed to the Oxygen we breath which makes up 20.946%. Elfin cells paranormally process the Helium, and manufacture an Argon-Neon compound of Ar²Ne³ that is exhaled from their lungs. Scientifically such a compound could never exist but this is the world of the supernatural we're talking about here. That being said the second this rare gas hits the air it immediately breaks down to Argon, and Neon. These gases, famous for causing the glow of Neon lamps, emit a brief glow from the Elves nose, and mouth if viewed in complete darkness. In addition the exhaled Elf Dust will visibly shimmer in that moment as well.
Elf Dust, like Fairy Dust, is a prime ingredient in several magical spells. Elf Dust is used in powerful spells due to it being harder to come by
than the Fairy variety. Elf Dust on it's own can be manipulated to provide temporary powers. In some cases breathing it in, or eating it directly can cause supernatural side effects. Simply carrying it around is thought to bring good luck. Tossing it at an entity of evil often causes some measure of repellent properties. Elf Dust can come in a variety of colors that can produce a plethora of paranormal properties. Santa's Elves produce a multi-colored dust with emphasis on the red, gold, and green glitter. Genuine Elf or Fairy dust always emits it's own luminosity. However the metaphysical energy powering it dissipates over the centuries, and most varieties will dull after 1000 years. If you should come across Elf Dust then use it sparingly because you may never find any again!


Ward 1c - A Heavy Symbolism
A Heavy Symbolism
The Coroner found that Mr Ward 'suffered a terrible death while in custody which was wholly unnecessary and avoidable.' Much of the official record traces this chain of seemingly minor decisions and small preventable acts that led to the death of Mr Ward. Yet, in its totality, this chain of eventualities assumes a destructive inevitability. There is a heavy symbolism attached to the fact of Mr Ward's arrest on Australia Day, the day marking the arrival of the British First Fleet in 1788. Many Aboriginal people refer to this date as Invasion Day or Survival Day, a day of mourning, not celebration.
The case of Mr Ward bears out the continuing effects of colonial invasion and usurped sovereignty with its murderous disregard for Aboriginal life.
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text:
About Lead-free Crystal
From the Illustrated Glass Dictionary at GlassOnLine.com:
The type of glass produced when lime in the batch is replaced by lead oxide. The composition of lead crystal is 54-65% silicon dioxide (SiO2), 18-38% lead oxide (PbO), 13-15% soda (Na2O) or potash (K2O), and other oxides. Such glass has a high refractive index and is particularly suited for decoration by cutting.
Barium oxide derived from BaCO3 (witherite) is used principally in optical and crystal glass instead of lime or red lead. Glass which contains barium is lighter than lead crystal but gives comparable brilliance due to its high refractive index.


Chestnut Trees and Chestnuts
Home Company Products/Sales Chestnuts Information The Farm
Chestnut Tree Pollination
Chestnut trees are a fruiting tree. Like most all other fruiting trees, chestnut trees require proper pollination to successfully set fruit. The ability of a fruiting tree to set fruit and carry it to harvest is dependent on many conditions to be met. For chestnuts these conditions are:
 1. Healthy trees – stressed trees are poor producers of chestnuts
 2. Genetically capable of setting fruit – some seedlings never produce fruit
 3. Weather conditions during the growing season
 4. Available and viable male and female flowers
 5. Mature trees
 6. Pollen available and viable during the period the female flowers are receptive
Cross Pollination of Chestnut Trees for Nut Production
Chestnut trees by themselves are not self pollinating. In other words, a chestnut tree all by itself usually will not produce any chestnuts with the kernel filled in. This chapter attempts to explain the somewhat complex subject of getting chestnut trees to successfully fruit with mature, good tasting nuts. Chestnut trees can be grouped into four groups as it pertains to pollination.
 1. Pollen producers with viable pollen
 2. Pollen producers with sterile pollen
 3. Non pollen producing catkins (male flowers)
 4. Non pollen producers having little or no catkins
Only chestnut trees producing viable pollen can pollinate other chestnut trees. Chestnut trees are generally not able to pollinate themselves. Isolated chestnut trees where pollen from other chestnut trees is not available rarely produce any nuts with filled in kernels. So far this is a simple example, one chestnut tree and no nuts, but it overlooks the pollination rule for chestnut trees where a cloned chestnut cultivar can not pollinate the same cloned cultivar. For example, a cloned (grafted) Marival chestnut tree can not successfully pollinate another Marival chestnut tree even though it produces an abundance of viable pollen. This rule only applies to grafted cloned trees pollinating their own clone. A seedling from a cloned tree tree can pollinate its own cloned parent. One of the best ways to demonstrate this pollination rule is with a simple logic representation of the rules. First lets equate the letters CP as a cloned pollen producing chestnut tree producing viable pollen. Then assign CN as a cloned chestnut tree that does not produce pollen. In the logic equations the first trees in the equation represents the female flower and the second tree is the male catkin tree.
CN + CP = nuts on CN tree
CP + CN = no nuts on either tree
CP + CP = no nuts on either tree
CP + CN = no nuts on either tree
Now lets introduce a second pollinator and identify the the two pollen producing trees as CP1 and CP2. Chestnuts will be produced when the following conditions are present:
CP1 + CP2; CP2 + CP1; CN + CP1, CN + CP2, CP2 + CP1
Casual observation shows that by introducing a second pollinator the combination of nut producing trees is dramatically increased. With the use of at least 2 chestnut cultivars that produce viable pollen close enough to each other, all the chestnut trees will have the potential to produce nuts. Aside from just viable issues there is a timing issue also.
Pollination Timing in Chestnuts
Chestnut trees can start blooming in the northern hemisphere as early as May and the bloom can continue until the first part of August depending on local climate conditions and latitude. The farther north the trees, the later they will bloom. The male flowers (catkins) usually start blooming within a day or two of the female flowers on the same tree. It is possible to have two different chestnut trees with both producing viable pollen, but due to bloom time differences, the pollination of the female flowers fails and no nut set occurs. Apple pollination is similar with the exception of the male and female flowers bloom at the same time (the male and female parts are present in each blossom). The similarity referred to here is where the apple is not self fertile so another type of apple with the same flowering period must be present to provide pollen for successful fruit set. Apples have 5 groups of pollination periods. These periods are 1)Early; 2) Early-mid; 3) Mid; 4) Mid-late; and 5) Late.
Because chestnut trees bloom for a longer period than apples, only 3 periods are needed to group chestnuts into. These periods are 1) Early; 2) Mid; and 3) Late. Most chestnut trees begin blooming in one period and continue into the next period. For example, Marival begins blooming (catkins release pollen or female flowers become receptive) early and continue blooming into the late period.
Chestnut tree cultivars that release their pollen in the late period can not be used as pollinators for early and mid period blooms. Marrone chestnut trees are one of the last chestnut trees to release their pollen but the female flowers have been receptive for up to 2 weeks. This period where the female flowers are receptive is difficult to predict because it is weather dependent. If the weather is too cool for the female flowers to be receptive of pollen during the receptive period, pollination will fail. The best way to demonstrate this is with a time line. In this time line example the overlaps are the important areas to understand. Lets say chestnut cultivar EC is a pollinator that starts releasing pollen the mid part of the early period and continues into the first week of the late period. On a time line it would look like this on a 6 week time line:
Chestnut Tree Bloom Time Line
Now lets add the late blooming LC chestnut cultivar to the time line.
Chestnut Tree Bloom Time Line
The BW period is a period where the weather is not supportive of pollination of the chestnut female flowers. In this example the EC chestnuts will not successfully set fruit. Also, because LC releases its pollen too late for the EC female flowers, the LC can not be used as a pollinator for the EC chestnut trees.
Lets go from theoretical to practical with some real data. The data comes from Missouri State University Agroforestry Department. The data is collected from their research facility in New Franklin, MO. A Chinese hybrid Dustin chestnut tree on average starts its female flower bloom on June 8 each year. The female flower on average ends it bloom on June 24. The male flower on average starts its bloom on June 7 and ends flowering on July 4. When selecting a matching chestnut tree to pollinate the Dustin, the bloom times need to overlap at least by 5-7 days. A Qing is a excellent match for the Dustin. The Qing chestnut tree starts the female bloom on average on June 8 and ends on June 24. The male flower on average starts on June7 and ends on July 4. Both the Dustin and the Qing are Chinese hybrid chestnut trees.
Now lets look at some European and compare the bloom times in New Franklin, MO with data from Northwest Washington state. One of the most popular chestnut trees grown in the Western USA is the Colossal. It is pollen sterile so there is no male bloom period to compare. The female bloom time starts on average on May 31 and stops on June 22 at the Franklin farm. In NW WA the female flower bloom period starts about July 2 and ends July 27. A good pollinator for the Colossal is Marigoule. In Franklin the Marigoule male flower starts on average June 3 and ends on June 28. This provides almost 3 weeks of overlap in the pollination period. Because the Colossal is pollen sterile the Marigoule will not set any nuts unless another pollen producing chestnut tree is introduced.
So what must a chestnut farmer do to make sure the chestnut trees on the farm produce a full set of chestnuts? There are two simple possible solutions. The first is to grow at least two different chestnut trees that share the same pollination periods and both produce viable pollen. The other solution is to plant several chestnut cultivars that produce pollen over all three pollen periods. This is what we call "covering your bases". Based on the data collected at the Franklin, MO farm, the main issue with successful chestnut set is growing chestnut trees that produce viable pollen that can cross pollinate each other. In Northwest Washington state pollination timing is more complicated because some chestnut cultivars such as Maronni and Belle Epine bloom much later than commonly used pollinates such as Okie and Precoce Migoule. One last thing, no matter what type of chestnut tree you grow (American, Chinese, Japanese, European, and all of their hybrids), if it produces viable pollen, it is capable of providing pollen to any other chestnut tree.
Evaluating the Pollination of Chestnut Trees
How do you know if the chestnut trees are getting pollinated properly or not? The evaluation of the pollination success rate is directly related to the chestnut kernels getting filled in fully. If most of the nuts in the burrs are blanks (have no kernel meat) then pollination failure is the most likely cause. Most chestnut trees produce 2 or 3 nuts per burr. If the pollination is successful all the nuts in the burr will be filled in. If pollination was only partially successful


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Computer game offers hope for Parkinson's patients
Queen's University researcher Aarlenne Khan is conducting research to determine if computer and tablet games can help improve cognitive function in people with Parkinson's disease.
Parkinson's patients gradually lose their ability to respond to the world around them as the nerve cells in the brain responsible for dopamine production die off and deprive the body of a key chemical essential for motor skills. Dr. Khan is examining whether training exercises can counteract the symptoms and ultimately slow the progress of the disease.
"Training through cognitive games has been shown to improve brain function in people of all ages so it has a lot of potential to improve function in people with Parkinson's," says Dr. Khan, a postdoctoral fellow at the Centre for Neurosciences Studies at Queen's. "We will use a task that mimics a well-established eye movement task, known as the anti-saccade task."
The experiment requires participants to look away from an object that suddenly appears on a screen. Dr. Khan will observe whether the participants' efforts to control automatic movements over time improve their attention and decision making capabilities.
Participants can complete the test at home using a computer or tablet. Dr. Khan will use a magnetic resonance imaging before and after training to determine if there are any changes in brain matter and efficiency.
Dr. Khan was recently awarded the George F. Ingram Basic Research Fellowship in Honour of Parkinson Society Central & Northern Ontario's Peterborough Chapter. The grant will provide $100,000 over two years in an effort to improve the quality of life of people with Parkinson's disease.


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16 Jul SAE Technical Standards – J2450 scoring metric
Prior to the proposal of the J2450 scoring metric, created by the SAE Technical Standards, quality measurement of language translation in the automotive industry was subjective. In an industry where poor quality translation services could result in lower consumer confidence, additional warranty costs as well as injury and death, it was determined that a specified method for quality assurance was necessary. In response, the SAE developed the J2450 scoring metric to allow for tighter control of translation quality while also making sure that the source language, target language and method of translation did not bias the measure of quality.
More specifically, the actual metric consists of four elements, each of which further classify errors. The first element of the standard classifies errors into seven primary error categories, ranging from the use of the wrong term, grammatical errors as well miscellaneous errors. Secondly, errors are then classified as either serious or minor, as determined by the evaluator. Next, each error is given a numerical score, which is defined in the standard. The fourth and final element results in the normalized score which is computed by dividing the sum of the individual numeric weights by the total number of words in the source language text.
It is important to note that while the standard results in a normalized score, the SAE does not specify or suggest an acceptable threshold for the score.
For clients that require definite quality assurance measures to be part of their workflows, we are able to implement the J2450 scoring metric, among other procedures.


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There are different type of fruits and vegetables available in various parts of the world. They may be same in shape with each other but their taste and nutritional affect is different from each other. Sometimes, these fruits and vegetables are mixed up with each other to prepare weird recipes. Pickles, Courgette, Gherkins, Cucumber and Zucchini are one of these special recipes. Let's have a look on difference between cougette, gherkin, zucchini and pickle.
In British English zucchini is also called courgette. It is a vegetable which is served in cooked form. In sweet dishes zucchini is used as an ingredient.
It is a fruit look like cucumber in shape. Gherkin and cucumber are from same species. There are no difference between both in form and nutrition. They are normally used in sweet dishes.
A zucchini is a summer squash. They are normally grown in a half meter length. Basically it is hybrid of another vegetable cucumber. It is cooked and served as vegetable.
A cucumber can be pickled with vinegar or brine. In Australia, Canada and United States, they are known as pickle and generally gherkins in UK.
Cucumber is a ground plant in cylindrical form. It is safe to eat fruit, but also used as vegetable. It is one of the mostly grown plants all over the world. The three major varieties of cucumber are pickling, slicing and purples.
Pickles vs Courgette vs Gherkins vs Cucumber vs Zucchini
The difference between zucchini and cougette is, in American English courgette is also known as zucchini. They are almost same in shape and taste. They both use in sweet dishes but they are different in length. Gherkin is like cucumber in taste and shape. The difference between gherkin and courgette is that, gherkin is a fruit while courgette is used as vegetable. Pickle is made from cucumber with vinegar and brine.
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- What is the Difference between Diet Coke, Sprite, 7up, Pepsi and Coca Cola
- What is the Difference between Shortening, Spread, Butter and Margarine
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- What is the Difference between Yellow Jasmine Basmati Wild White and Brown Rice
- What is the Difference between Cranberry Blueberry Strawberry Raspberry and Blackberry
- What is the Difference between Parsnip Swede Beet Radish Turnip And Rutabaga
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- What is the Difference between Herbal Green Black Oolong White Flavored Tea


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An Apple product may help keep the doctor away in Tanzania.
In a discovery that provides doctors in remote areas with an alternative, scientists recently created a microscope using an iPhone, tape, flashlight and camera lens.
They then used it to diagnose intestinal worms in about 200 students in Pemba Island, off Tanzania's eastern coast..
"To our knowledge, this is the first time the mobile phone microscope had been used in the field to diagnose intestinal parasitic infections," said Isaac Bogoch, an internal medicine specialist at Toronto General Hospital.
Bogoch, who conducted the study with colleagues, used his iPhone 4s.
However, he said, the approach can work with any smartphone that has a good camera and a zoom feature.
African markets are flooded with low-cost smartphones made by Chinese companies, some selling for as low as $80. With mobile phone growth skyrocketing in the continent, price-based competition is becoming vital to tap into the African market share.
From cell phone to microscope
To convert the phone into a microscope, scientists put double-sided tape over the iPhone camera lens. They then pierced a hole in the tape and centered a tiny $9 lens over the phone's camera lens.
Using a flashlight for illumination, they held up stool samples against the lens using the double-sided tape to hold slides in place, and studied them for intestinal parasites through the phone's screen.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I am trying to work out a formula to match a following pattern: input string example:
if any of the patterns above exist in a particular input string I want to match it as the same pattern.
also is it possible to do a variable substitution using regex? meaning check for the 3 chars of the string by using each character as a variable and just doing an increment/decrement for each character? so that you dont have to specify the particular number ranges (hardcoding the pattern string ) for different patterns?
Is there any good library one can use for this?? I was working with Pattern class in java.
If you have any link which would be helpful please pass it through :) Thank you.
share|improve this question
And what about 343? – Nikita Rybak Aug 23 '10 at 3:36
ya that also. (3/4)(3/4)(3/4) for each character. similarly wanted to do it for multiple numbers. so was looking for some kind of variable substitution ( for each character ) if that is possible in regex. – JJunior Aug 23 '10 at 3:46
Personally, I have trouble understanding what exactly you want. Can you provide some examples? (unless codaddict answered your question, of course) – Nikita Rybak Aug 23 '10 at 3:55
3 Answers 3
up vote 1 down vote accepted
Let's first consider this pattern: [34]{3}
The […] is a character class, it matches exactly one of the characters in the set. The {n} is an exact finite repetition.
So, [34]{3} informally means "exactly 3 of either '3' or '4'". Thus, it matches "333", "334", "343", "344", "433", "434", "443", "444", and nothing else.
As a string literal, the pattern is "[34]{3}". If you don't want to hardcode this pattern, then just generate similar-looking strings that follows this template "[…]{n}". Just put the characters that you want to match in the, and substitute n with the number you want.
Here's an example:
 String alpha = "aeiou";
 int n = 5;
 String pattern = String.format("[%s]{%s}", alpha, n);
 // [aeiou]{5}
We've now seen that the pattern is not hardcoded, but rather programmatically generated depending on the values of the variables alpha and n. The pattern [aeiou]{5} will 5 consecutive lowercase vowels, e.g. "ooiae", "ioauu", "eeeee", etc.
It's again not clear if you just want to match these kinds of strings, or if they have to appear like '…'/'…'/'…'/'…'/'…'. If the latter is desired, then simply compose the pattern as desired, using repetition and grouping as necessary. You can also just programmatically copy and paste the pattern 5 times if that's simpler. Here's an example:
 String p5 = String.format("'%s'/'%


Is Quartz a Master Healing Crystal?
Healing Crystals 101: Quartz (Woo-Woo Optional)
Crystals are said to contain metaphysical properties that can align your chakras and heal your body in ways you could never imagine. Curious? Consider this an introduction to quartz's many rumored properties.
Quartz History
Stone quartz is considered one of the most powerful healing crystals and is also one of the most commonly known. Quartz contains all the colors of the spectrum when held to the light.
Quartz Forms
Quartz comes in two different forms: macrocrystalline quartz and cryptocrystalline quartz (or microcrystalline quartz). Macrocrystalline quart is made of visible crystals or grains, such as in smoky quartz, rose quartz, and quartz grains in sandstone. Cryptocrystalline quartz is comprised of a dense and compact accumulation of microscopic quartz crystals and crystallites, such as in flint, agate, and radiolarite chert.
The Gist of Healing Crystals
The healing benefits of crystals, including quartz, come down to the stones' unique composition. Because of the way they are structured, crystals like quartz respond to the input of all kinds of energies surrounding them, causing the crystals to oscillate and emit specific vibratory frequencies. The crystal matrix is balanced and orderly, so the energy it gives off stays consistent – when dissonant energy is put into the crystal, that energy becomes balanced and harmonic.
Crystal enthusiasts say that this balancing of energies is why crystals are healing to the body and its chakra: crystals take what is "off" and bring it back into harmony. Of course, none of the healing benefits of quartz and other crystals are scientifically proven. That's the clincher. Even so, it hasn't put the crystal industry out of business, if the recent shenanigans of Spencer Pratt are anything to judge by.
And, indeed, there's something to be said of ancient traditional practices. If healing crystals have withstood centuries, there must be something there.
Quartz Benefits
If you ask an experienced crystal collector and/or crystology practitioner, you'll likely be suggested to purchase clear quartz as your first stone. The silicon and oxygen-containing crystal is considered a "master healer" that can be used to treat just about any condition. It's the go-to crystal.
Clear quartz is said to balance and revitalize the physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual planes as well as to cleanse the organs and soul, enhance psychic abilities, aid in concentration, boost memory, and stimulate the immune system.
How to Use Quartz
There are many ways to employ quartz into your everyday life. Here are four basic ways to start:
1. Keep a quartz crystal with you
Wear quartz in a pouch around your neck or as part of your jewelry. You could also keep the crystal in your pocket.
2. Sleep with quartz at night
Hold a quartz crystal in your hand while you sleep or tuck it under your pillow.
3. Target a chakra
Clear quartz connects you to the spiritual aspects of life, so placing the crystal on your head (standing up) or forehead (lying down), near your pineal gland, best activates and opens your crown chakra.
How to Care for Quartz
To benefit from quartz, it is important to keep the stone clean. In fact, many take the cleansing of crystals as seriously as they do their application.
Here's how to clean your quartz crystals:
1. Wash them thoroughly under faucet water.
2. Lay them out just after sunset, somewhere where they will get direct moonlight.
3. Let the crystals stay out just through sunrise. It is important they receive sun, but not too much.
4. Charge crystals with your intentions. As you transfer your crystals to their usual resting place, imagine your intentions or even say them out loud. Charge them with whatever emotion you hope to cultivate in your life, such as love, forgiveness, awareness, health, and so on.
Related on EcoSalon
8 Powerful Beautiful and Healing Crystals and Stones for Your Home
Energy Muse: Healing Crystals for a More Inspired Life
Chakra and Awe


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What is Unemployment, How is it Measured, and Why Does the Fed Care?
In this lesson, students read and interpret choropleth maps, which contain unemployment data. They compare verbal descriptions of the labor market from the Federal Reserve's Beige Book with the mapped data. In addition, students compare unemployment data for different years. Students access or observe how to access this data online, using GeoFRED®.


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Canadian Language Benchmarks (version 2000)
The Canadian Language Benchmarks 2000: English as a second language for adults provides a set of descriptors of what learners can do with English at various levels, expressed as 12 benchmarks for each of the four skill areas: listening, speaking, reading and writing.
The purpose of the CLB is to describe accurately where the learner's ability to use English places him or her within the national descriptive framework of communicative language.
The CLB describe a personís ability to use the English language to accomplish a set of tasks at 12 Benchmark levels, in four language skill areas:
Each Benchmark contains:
- A global performance, or a short Benchmark performance profile
- Four selected competencies in social interaction, instructions, suasion and information
- Examples of communication tasks that may be used to demonstrate the required standard of proficiency
CLB 2000: Chart Overview
The following table illustrates how similar competencies require increasing complexity of performance across the three stages of proficiency.
Competency: Reading Instructional Texts
Follow very simple short everyday
instructions in a predictable context.
|Follow short common instructions and instructional texts.||Follow extensive, very complex|
and/or specialized instructions
and instructional texts.
Follow one-step instructions in educational materials in a classroom situation (e.g., print, copy, circle and underline, fill in, check and draw).
Explain/convey to someone health and safety warnings and instructions for use that are printed on chemical product labels (e.g., on dishwasher detergent containers).
Read selected personnel policy regulations and instructions, and apply the information to a specific case study situation.
|Competency: Writing Recording Information||Copy words and phrases to record short information for personal use.|
Reproduce and record simple to medium complexity information for various purposes (e.g., notes, summaries, main points and other formats).
Select and reproduce very complex information from multiple sources in a variety of appropriate formats.
Copy information from an appointment note into a calendar (e.g., name, address, time).
|Take point-form notes from onepage written text or from a 10- to 15-minute oral presentation on a practical topic.|
Write an article or paper for a public forum, presenting a synthesis or overview of an area of knowledge, based on multiple pieces of research or other publications.
Note: Competencies and tasks are only samples indicative of the range of a personís language ability at a particular Benchmark level.


text:
- Full Description
Arduino Projects to Save the World shows that it takes little more than a few tools, a few wires and sensors, an Arduino board, and a bit of gumption to build devices that lower energy bills, help you grow our own food, monitor pollution in the air and in the ground, even warn you about earth tremors.
Arduino Projects to Save the World introduces the types of sensors needed to collect environmental datafrom temperature sensors to motion sensors. You'll see projects that deal with energy sourcesfrom building your own power strip to running your Arduino board on solar panels so you can actually proceed to build systems that help, for example, to lower your energy bills. Once you have some data, it's time to put it to good use by publishing it online as you collect it; this book shows you how.
The core of this book deals with the Arduino projects themselves:
- Account for heat loss using a heat loss temperature sensor array that sends probes into every corner of your house for maximum measurement.
- Monitor local seismic activity with your own seismic monitor.
- Keep your Arduino devices alive in the field with a solar powered device that uses a smart, power-saving design.
- Monitor your data and devices with a wireless radio device; place your sensors where you like without worrying about wires.
- Keep an eye on your power consumption with a sophisticated power monitor that records its data wherever you like.
Arduino Projects to Save the World teaches the aspiring green systems expert to build environmentally-sound, home-based Arduino devices. Saving the world, one Arduino at a time.
Please note: the print version of this title is black & white; the eBook is full color.
What youll learn
- Help the environment by using Arduino
- Install and use environmental sensors
- Use low-energy or solar energy sources for your Arduino board to avoid loading conventional energy grids
- Build an Arduino-based seismic monitor to protect your home
- Measure energy flows inside your home using temperature sensor arrays
- Pull together your environmental data in an energy consumption monitor
Who this book is for
- Programmers excited by Arduino
- Arduino users looking for green projects
- Embedded systems engineers interested in Arduino
- Table of Contents
Table of Contents
- Saving the World: One Sensor at a Time
- Spider Temps: A Temperature Measurement Tool with Six Legs
- Jungle Power: Keeping an Arduino Alive on Solar, Batteries, and Super Capacitors
- Tele-sensation: Wireless Communication for Long-Distance Measurement
- Contributing to the Hive Mind: Submitting Your Data to Pachube
- The Mass Effect: Measuring Earthquakes with This Seismometer
- Staying Current: Keeping track of your power usage
- Source Code/Downloads
If you think that you've found an error in this book, please let us know about it. You will find any confirmed erratum below, so you can check if your concern has already been addressed.No errata are currently published