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Hauling is the process of bringing an object to its designated place. There are several specific types of hauling, based on the type of item(s) to be hauled and determined by designating the specific labors on indivual dwarves.
Although not a term found in-game, hauler generally refers to a dwarf in fortress mode who has no labors enabled other than hauling. Once the dwarven economy starts, haulers are usually the poorest in the fortress as the hauling task only pays 1☼ per task completed. In large fortresses where there may be great distances for haulers to travel, individual hauling tasks may take a long time to complete, and so very little money is earned. Haulers are good candidates for cross-training to help improve their strength and agility attributes, which are important attributes for moving heavy objects across a fortress quickly.
Many larger fortresses use dedicated dwarves to do much of the hauling so that other, more specialized dwarves will spend more time in their workshops and less time dragging raw materials or finished products to the appropriate stockpile.
 Automatic hauling
Some hauling tasks do not require any hauling labor:
- A dwarf working at a workshop will gather the raw materials needed to produce wanted goods. However, produced goods require the appropriate hauling labor to be moved out of the workshop in order to avoid clutter. Dwarves producing goods at a workshop tend to keep producing them and will not necessarily clear their own workshops of clutter even when they have the appropriate hauling labor enabled.
- All adult civilian dwarves, including nobles, will bring goods to the depot.
- A moody dwarf will gather the raw materials needed for a mysterious construction.
- A dwarf
uilding something will move the needed materials to the construction site.
- Before a dwarf will build something, he will need to have the appropriate labor as specified by the task. If the dwarf is building a chair or similar, the dwarf needs Furniture Hauling; if the dwarf is building a wooden wall, it's Carpentry, and so forth. Workshops are usually constructed by any dwarf that can work in that workshop.
- An herbalist will haul any successfully-gathered plant to a stockpile immediately, if there is space available in one.
- Dwarves in the midst of eating will carry their meal to a table. Military dwarves, however, will eat directly off of the floor.
- Dwarves who have just finished drinking booze will return their barrel to the nearest food stockpile.
- Removing constructed objects will be done by all dwarves.
- Filling pits and ponds will be done by all dwarves.
- If you have the "All dwarves harvest" option turned on, all dwarves will help bring in the harvest, even if they don't have Food Hauling enabled.
 Stone hauling
Note: Dwarves, being the kind fellows they are, practically insist on hauling one of the farthest stones into your stockpiles. They tend to ignore eligible, nearby stones 'for the greater good of the fortress'. This selfless act often results in terribly long journeys, carrying just one stone. See the section on Stone management for tips on combatting this problem.
 Wood hauling
Dwarves with the wood hauling labor enabled will haul wood logs to the corresponding stockpiles.
DeforestationWood production can be sped up a lot by turning off wood hauling on your most skilled woodcutter who will focus exclusively on cutting down trees. This will however expose more of your dwarves as many wood haulers will go outside to retrieve the logs.
 Item hauling
 Food hauling
 Refuse hauling
Dwarves with the refuse hauling labor will haul rotting food, and non-dwarf bodyparts to refuse stockpiles. They will also dump marked items to the appropriate activity zone. Refuse hauling are subject to refuse orders ( : Set Orders and Options -> : Refuse Orders).
 Furniture hauling
 Animal hauling
 Tips and issues
In order to minimize hauling trips, stockpiles should be placed with care.
- Input and ouput stockpiles should be placed near corresponding workshops.
- Spoils of war: dwarves may haul entire bins full of items, or items individually. However, they are not smart enough to bin items in order to carry them, so this may end in numerous needless trips from deceased enemies to your fortress, each dwarf carrying one item at a time. To counter this:
- Place a small bin stockpile and a general purpose stockpile near the battlefield.
- When every spoil has been binned, remove the stockpiles, mark the filled bins for dumping, deactivate your usual garbage zone and create a new one in your fortress.
- When everything has been moved, reclaim your dumped items and restore your garbage zones as usual.
- Construction preparation: when constructing something big away from your fort (e.g. a road), the dwarf assigned to the construction (or architecture) will have to carry each item from your fort to the construction location, which can take a long time. By putting stockpiles near your construction project, many dwarves may participate in the hauling, thus dramatically increasing construction speed. Note that materials are allocated at the time of building, so be sure the stockpile is filled before placing the construction order, otherwise the materials will still have to come from afar.
- Consider specializing your haulers if possible - food haulers that orbit around the kitchen/dining room/farm area, stone haulers that orbit around the mines and furnaces, and (if possible/needed) wood haulers that do likewise with the carpenter shop. Turn off refuse hauling if that dwarf isn't going to be near areas likely to have refuse. This keeps the mine hauler from deciding to walk aaaallll the way over to the kitchens for one load, and then out to the forest for one, and then back to the smelters, and so on.
- Furthermore, you can handpick your specialized hauler, selecting them by their attributes. A wood hauler might be chosen because of his agility, since he might have to walk a lot of tiles to reach the forest, depending on the fortress and map layout. A stone hauler, on the other hand, might be chosen because of his strength so that he can pick up and carry heavy stones (such as gold and platinum) more quickly.
- The Grower profession can have a huge impact on hauling - see farming for a discussion.
To ensure that high-priority hauling tasks (like food, to clean up after get done quickly, you should employ a large number of haulers, and specialize them by having only one or two hauling labors enabled. This is most important for food hauling, where prepared meals in the kitchen often rot while your dwarves are hauling individual seeds left behind after someone eats a plump helmet, or if your hunters bring a herd of animals in for your butchers all at once.
The backlog problem is exacerbated by the fact that the hauling job queue is tied to how many haulers of each type you have; if 100 dwarves have food hauling enabled, up to 100 food hauling tasks can be in the queue, even if those dwarves are busy hauling stone, doing workshop tasks, sleeping, or doing anything else.Verify This is why hauling specialization is so important.
 Two stockpiles are better than one
For stockpiles that use bins or barrels, it is usually better to cut one large stockpile into a handful of smaller ones. This is because dwarves will only load one bin or barrel at a time, and may go idle for long periods while they wait for the next-chosen bin or barrel to actually get hauled to the stockpile before they can load it. By using several smaller stockpiles, haulers can retrieve and fill multiple bins or barrels simultaneously.


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Market Garden City
What is Market Garden City?
Market Garden City is an emerging planning concept from the 2014 Wolfson Prize Essay by Gary Young & Hannah Smart.
"Our Wolfson essay argued that both historic towns and new towns have evolved over time to become staunch guardians of their inherited and imperfect gardens and green belts. This has become the accepted status quo without understanding the loss of real'market gardens' which could produce food locally, giving access to open space and sustaining the community".
The essay title stems from the practice of market gardening, a common and essential balance of rural and urban living until the mid 20th century. Local growers provided fresh food delivered daily to markets in towns or cities feeding the local urban population. Market Garden City is a planning concept put forward by landscape architects and urban designers to illustrate how this balance could be recreated as a new type of 21st Century garden city. The concept creates a plan from the small scale and specific to the universal, providing a role at the beginning for either individuals or small group.
The plan describes how the measurement of space available to grow food can be correlated to a potential for calories and hence a daily supply of nutrition. Starting from an understanding of how an individual could effectively grow a percentage of their own food, the plan would then support and develop skills to up-scale to a larger self-sufficient community using, food-share hubs, knowledge-share, innovative food growing technologies and delivery. The spatial plan would ensure sufficient open space, building surfaces or interiors and distribution hubs are available fro growing food to meet demand locally, expanding from this group capability towards an entirely sustainable local population.
"Where an individual could start one day with an area of just 1m2 to supply food and sustain themselves for the equivalent of 1 day, then, over time, learn to grow the idea collectively at local level to achieve sustainable food for themselves and others over 365 days a year".
Has this approach been considered before and why is it especially relevant today?
The Market Garden City has existed before, where localised food production has enabled cities to prosper and survive for centuries before globalisation, yet its importance has been forgotten during the 20th century. This is not because the Market Garden City is impossible to achieve, rather because local food production for local people has not been seen as a long term investment, has not been valued highly enough, or given incentives to compete with alternative global economies. The scientific facts demonstrating human impact on the planet are clear and require urgent action. Continuing irreversible environmental damage, "the do nothing scenario" and hoping for unproven planet scale technical fixes is not a plausible alternative. The consequences of inaction are no longer just science fiction.
In addition to man made climate change, a wide mixture of global trends affecting food self-sufficiency: historic patterns of capital and land ownership, trade tariffs, depletion of natural resources, increasing prosperity for some and poverty for others. Rapid changes and efficiency gains have convinced that large scale agricultural practice and global transportation are better than local, however these methods are heavily dependent on fossil fuels.
Food supply is affected by a growing population with economic pressure to leave rural areas resulting in the need to spend more time commuting longer distances to work in urban areas. Combined with the demand generated by media for luxury foods, this has resulted in widespread consumption of prepackaged and non seasonal food. Together with lack of available land this has culminated in communities and businesses being unwilling, deskilled or not able to afford time or money to select or provide food from local sources for self-sufficiency.
We require the land area equivalent to three times our planet earth through human exploitation of earths resources beyond sustainable levels. This includes food production and lifestyle and is adversely affecting all species. However, a growing number of champions are protecting the environment, understanding the science and advocating ethical choices. There is hope that young people could be leaders of a sustainable future. This momentum inspired our publication of Market Garden City, providing a reasoned planning approach to support food grown locally.
Does Market Garden City have a wide application or is it just relevant to the UK?
The Market Garden City concept started by understanding the UKs specific food growing conditions and a recent history of market gardens. The concept of sustainable food growing would be adaptable more widely with proper consideration of local soil, climate, external or internal space available, local economies and food growing opportunities. Each approach would then create benchmarks from the calories required for a population to be generated from food produced in the available local areas. Taking into account the specific local conditions, monitoring the food produced, the plan would balance the available areas and demonstrate needs for further progress towards sustainability. The local spatial plan would demonstrate how food production would be integrated within and around villages, towns and cities.
There are positive conclusions from Market Garden City. Sufficient amounts of good quality land could be available. The awareness and value of local food is growing. Incremental plans could be scaled up to build cohesion. A growing web based community can provide real information on why, how and what can be done. The instincts of a sociable population can influence and direct to such an extent that vast untapped community resources makes local food production a reality.
A "Market garden city....without limits: the truly green ecumenopolis".
This concept has potential, it is not science fiction, it would sustain an entire planet, providing local food for all its species, human, flora and fauna.
How can Market Garden City concept begin to influence individuals and communities?
The Market Garden City concept demonstrates how the daily amount of calories required by a typically active person can have a spatial dimension established from reviewed metrics to estimate the area needed to grow a range of foods for sustenance. The examples show the amount of space required for food one day or a year for a range of produce, predominantly vegetable and fruit with some eggs and dairy. For example in the UK potatoes are the most effective food grown to create maximum calories from minimum space, however will need more variety to provide a suitable mixed diet. Although meat as a food source has higher calorific return per kg, it is not considered in this concept for two reasons: the areas required would be between 10 to 30 times the examples shown, exceeding areas which are viable for the concept. Equally, the Market Garden City concept aims to promote small scale local horticulture for self sufficiency, which is the opposite of large scale agriculture, and emphasises how scaling up from an individual to a whole community is feasible and desirable.
Illustrations from Market Garden City explaining some detail of the idea:
Minimum = 365m 2 per person
(equal to 1m 2 per day of each year). This would consist of a diet providing maximum food energy from potatoes with little variation.
Standard = 730m 2 per person
(equal to 2m 2 per day of each year). This would consist of a diet on mainly potatoes with some veg etable and fruit variation.
Variety = 1095m 2 per person
(equal to 3m 2 per day of each year). With a diet consisting of potatoes with some vegetables, fruit, dairy and eggs.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Background: Extrapyramidal signs (EPSs), which are important characteristics of Parkinson's disease (PD), occur frequently in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although AD and PD share common clinical features such as EPSs, these diseases vary with respect to vascular risk factors. The presence of vascular risk factors increases the risk of AD; however, these factors have been known to be inversely associated with PD. We aimed to assess the effect of vascular risk factors and white matter lesions (WMLs) on EPSs in AD.
Methods: We recruited 1,187 AD patients and 333 controls with neither cognitive impairment nor EPSs. All participants underwent detailed clinical evaluations which included assessments of vascular risk factors, cognitive function, and EPSs, as well as WMLs on brain MRIs. EPS subtypes were classified into tremor-dominant, postural instability gait difficulty, or indeterminate; WMLs subtypes were classified into periventricular WML (pvWML) or deep WML (dWML).
Results: EPSs were present in 17.9% of subjects with AD and were significantly associated with vascular risk factors such as age, male gender, diabetes mellitus, and WMLs. Additionally, a multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that EPSs in AD were associated with pvWML (odds ratio (OR), 1.61–2.52), not with dWML. With respect to EPS subtypes, the majority (78.4%) of EPSs in AD were postural instability gait difficulty, which was also associated with WMLs (OR 1.84–2.41), pvWML (OR 2.09–3.14), and dWML (OR 1.83–3.42).
Conclusions: EPSs in AD are associated with selected vascular risk factors as well as WMLs.


Tag: nature
What is Biophilic Design?
The term Biophilia is being used more and more, but what does it mean. How does it affect our lives? And where do we see it in our world today? By definition Biophilic design "integrates nature and natural elements, materials and forms into architecture and interiors." Ok so that's not so bad, some people have… Read more »


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As a widely utilized phenomenon, condensation heat transfer is deeply related to the efficiency of energy utilization in industry. In recent decades, the condensation of vapor mixture attracted extensive attention, since the possibility to achieve high performance of heat transfer. During the condensation of some binary vapor Marangoni condensation), a special phenomenon was discovered that the spontaneous movement of condensate drop occurred. It was observed that condensate drops moved from the low temperature region to the high temperature region on a heat transfer surface. Therefore, the surface tension gradient induced by the temperature gradient was considered as the driving force. However, another affecting factor on the spontaneous movement of condensate drops, the direction of vapor flow, was also discovered. In this study, the experimental study was performed, and the results showed that the condensate drops tended to move towards the inlet direction of vapor flow.
Keywords Marangoni condensation, Spontaneous drop movement, Waterâ€"ethanol vapor mixture, Surface tension


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Chefs & Ocean Health
Chefs are the gatekeepers of the seafood industry. They command a unique influence over the purchase, trade and consumption of seafood.
Currently, an alarming number of the world's fish species face an uncertain future due to overfishing, pollution, habitat destruction and other factors. We developed information to equip culinary students and chefs with the tools they need to understand these issues and source seafood responsibly.
By shifting toward more ocean-friendly seafood sourcing, chefs can improve the health of the ocean.
Follow these 5 easy steps to support ocean-health in your kitchens:
- Get started — see Green Chefs/Blue Ocean
- Assess your menu
- Make the switch — see Ocean Friendly Kitchen Choices
- Stay in the know
- Spread the word

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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This text is made available in place of the Flash file for patrons with disabilities or those without access to a browser that supports Flash files. If you wish to view the book in Flash format update your web browser and download the latest version of Flash.
The role of black laborers in the development of Coral Gables
By Dorothy Jenkins Fields
The Gilded Age, the era in United States history spanning the late 19th century, is known for rapid economic and population growth as well as extreme wealth. Following that period industrialist James Deering built Vizcaya, his Italian palace in Coconut Grove. A decade later Coral Gables, the dream city of real estate developer, planner and builder George E. Merrick, was incorporated in 1925.
In the context of the time, Deering and Merrick were wealthy white men. In contrast, most black people were poor and limited "in every phase of life," through Jim Crow laws sanctioned by the United States Supreme Court and regional customs. Locally, black people were not allowed to vote, and were excluded from participating in the city's government and society. Moreover, restricted clauses in land deeds prohibited black people from living in the same neighborhoods as white people.
Blacks were primarily servants -- the men as day laborers and the women as domestics. In the first issue of the Historical Association's journal, Tequesta, George Merrick made these observations in his article Pre-Flagler Influences on the Lower Florida East Coast: "… practically the only available workers (the Bahaman negro) … had a distinct and important influence … (they) brought inspiration to many of the first English, French, Northern and Southern planters…at first skeptical of the coral-rocky country. Bahaman negroes brought their own commonly used trees, vegetables and fruits… skill in masonry building with native coral limestone … walls, roads, other uses of the coral; and uses of the land, of the sea."
At the turn of the 20th century the black Bahamians traveled from the West Indies to Key West, then settled in the "colored village in Coconut Grove" and Golden Gate neighborhood. In 1925 when more living space was needed for black workers the Coral Gables Securities Corporation made available property purchased from a pioneer white school teacher, Flora McFarlane. Some of Coral Gables' "colored" neighborhoods received electricity in the 1950s.
Homeownership was important to pioneer black residents, including Mariah Brown, Frank and Ruth Payne, Rebecca Johnson Gibson and Merries Johnson Moore. According to the City of Miami designation report: (E. W. F. Stirrup, a black Bahamian) "became one of the largest landowners in Coconut Grove. Believing homeowners were better citizens he built more than a hundred houses in Coconut Grove, providing many newly arrived Bahamians with the opportunity to purchase their first home."
Golden Gate residents organized the Lola B. Walker Homeowners Association. Members Leona Cooper Baker, William Cooper and Leona Ferguson Cooper led the Association in nominating the McFarlane Homestead Subdivision a historic district. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.
The black neighborhoods located in Coral Gables are examples of proud ownership in "the City Beautiful." The passage of the Civil Rights Acts of 1964 and 1965 changed the laws and removed exclusions. Some descendants of the laborers distinguished themselves in medicine, education, religion, law and public service. Some choose to continue living and working in the pioneer neighborhoods.


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A catalogue listing the spectral types of 225 300 stars down to 8th magnitude, published in 1918–24. It was compiled at Harvard College Observatory by A. J. Cannon, who assigned spectral types on the basis of the Harvard classification system. The Henry Draper Extension (HDE), containing 47 000 spectra of fainter stars, was published in 1925–36, and a second supplement containing another 86 000 stars in 1949. The catalogue was named in honour of H. Draper. Although the Harvard classification system has been superseded, stars in the Henry Draper Catalogue and Extension are still widely known by their HD or HDE numbers.
_URL_ Detailed description and full catalogue downloadable from the CDS.
Subjects: Astronomy and Astrophysics.


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Aydemir, Sibel and Aydemir, Ülker and Dirschedl, Peter
Survivalanalysen mit Berücksichtigung der zeitlichen Kovariablenentwicklung in klinischen Studien.
Collaborative Research Center 386, Discussion Paper 44
Data from the Stanford Heart Transplantation Study and our own study on brain tumor include time-dependent covariates like transplantation, which may switch only once, and others changing their value several times during follow-up. But classical analyses never used this additional information. In a comparative study we applied the time-dependent Cox model, pooled Cox regression and the linear counting process by Aalen to these data sets. All methods do show similar results when they are carried out in their 'fixed' version, i.e. using baseline information only, or when covariates are being treated as time-dependent. But the estimated effects do differ remarkably between fixed and time-dependent approaches, thus leading to different interpretations of risks.


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Tutorial: Building a basic chat server#
In this tutorial we will build a very basic chat server. It will allow anyone to send messages to everyone else currently connected to the server.
This tutorial is meant to serve as an introduction to WebSockets in Quart. If you want to skip to the end the code is on Github.
1: Creating the project#
pip install poetry
We can then use Poetry to create a new chat project:
poetry new --src chat
Our project can now be developed in the chat directory, and all subsequent commands should be in run the chat directory.
2: Adding the dependencies#
We only need Quart to build this simple chat server, which we can install as a dependency of the project by running the following:
poetry add quart
Poetry will ensure that this dependency is present and the paths are correct by running:
3: Creating the app#
We need a Quart app to be our web server, which is created by the following addition to src/chat/__init__.py:
from quart import Quart app = Quart(__name__) def run() -> None: app.run()
To make the app easy to run we can call the run method from a poetry script, by adding the following to pyproject.toml:
[tool.poetry.scripts] start = "chat:run"
Which allows the following command to start the app:
poetry run start
4: Serving the UI#
When users visit our chat website we will need to show them a UI which they can use to enter and receive messages. The following HTML template should be added to src/chat/templatest/index.html:
This is a very basic UI both in terms of the styling, but also as there is no error handling for the WebSocket.
We can now serve this template for the root path i.e.
/ by adding
the following to src/chat/__init__.py:
from quart import render_template _USER_.get("/") async def index(): return await render_template("index.html")
5: Building a broker#
Before we can add the websocket route we need to be able to pass messages from one connected client to another. For this we will need a message-broker. To start we'll build our own in memory broker by adding the following to src/chat/broker.py:
import asyncio from typing import AsyncGenerator from quart import Quart class Broker: def __init__(self) -> None: self.connections = set() async def publish(self, message: str) -> None: for connection in self.connections: await connection.put(message) async def subscribe(self) -> AsyncGenerator[str, None]: connection = asyncio.Queue() self.connections.add(connection) try: while True: yield await connection.get() finally: self.connections.remove(connection)
Broker has a publish-subscibe pattern based interface, with
clients expected to publish messages to other clients whilst
subscribing to any messages sent.
6: Implementing the websocket#
We can now implement the websocket route, by adding the following to src/chat/__init__.py:
import asyncio from quart import websocket from chat.broker import Broker broker = Broker() async def _receive() -> None: while True: message = await websocket.receive() await broker.publish(message) _USER_.websocket("/ws") async def ws() -> None: try: task = asyncio.ensure_future(_receive()) async for message in broker.subscribe(): await websocket.send(message) finally: task.cancel() await task
_receive coroutine must run as a separate task to ensure that
sending and receiving run concurrently. In addition this task must be
properly cancelled and cleaned up.
When the user disconnects a CancelledError will be raised breaking the while loops and triggering the finally blocks.
To test our app we need to check that messages sent via the websocket route are echoed back. This is done by adding the following to tests/test_chat.py:
import asyncio from quart.testing.connections import TestWebsocketConnection as _TestWebsocketConnection from chat import app async def _receive(test_websocket: _TestWebsocketConnection) -> str: return await test_websocket.receive() async def test_websocket() -> None: test_client = app.test_client() async with test_client.websocket("/ws") as test_websocket: task = asyncio.ensure_future(_receive(test_websocket)) await test_websocket.send("message") result = await task assert result == "message"
As the test is an async function we need to install pytest-asyncio by running the following:
poetry add --dev pytest-asyncio
Once installed it needs to be configured by adding the following to pyproject.toml:
[tool.pytest.ini_options] asyncio_mode = "auto"
Finally we can run the tests via this command:
poetry run pytest tests/
If you are running this in the Quart example folder you'll need to add
-c pyproject.toml option to prevent pytest from using the Quart
The message-broker we've built so far only works in memory, which means that messages are only shared with users connected to the same server instance. To share messages across server instances we need to use a third party broker, such as redis via the aioredis library which supports a pub/sub interface.


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The urban heat island effect - the hot, overwhelming temperatures that a city's concrete produces - has a huge impact on livability and comfort within the city. Now, an elegant cooling system has been designed that not only reduces energy usage, but - should it be installed on multiple buildings - could even lower the overall temperature of a city itself. Learn more, after the break.
Designed by Nikken Sekkei, The Sony City Osaki Building, which recently won the 2014 Tall Building Innovation Award from the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH), features an innovative new cooling system: a skin of water-filled ceramic pipes known as BioSkin. BioSkin reduces the surface temperature of a building up to 12°C, and can even lower the micro-climate surrounding the building 2°C. The CTBUH explains how:
"The simplicity of the system is elegant. The BioSkin tubes are made of extruded aluminum cores, with a highly water-retentive terra-cotta shell attached to the aluminum core using an elastic adhesive. When rainwater collects on the rooftop, it is then drained to a subsurface storage tank, where it is filtered and sterilized. This water is then pumped up and circulated through the pipes, which in the live test case were incorporated as balcony railings on a Tokyo office building, reminiscent of the horizontal screens seen throughout Japan and known as sudare. Rainwater penetrates outward through the porous ceramic, evaporating from the pipe's surface, cooling the surrounding air. Excess water is then drained down
to the soil of the premises to the extent possible, normalizing the water cycle and reducing the load on sewage infrastructure."


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Save the Canadian Exchange Program for Educators
0 have signed. Let's get to 2,500!
In June 2019, the board of directors of CEEF (Canadian Educational Exchange Foundation) terminated the teacher exchange program. CEEF has offered the opportunity for international educational exchanges to both educators and students.
Teacher Educational Exchanges are a unique blend of professional development and international cooperation.
Benefits of a teacher exchange include:
- enable our students to develop global understandings of historical and contemporary social and cultural worlds
- create learning opportunities for our students that extend their local and national communities
- exposure to different education systems and assessment methods, bringing international perspectives to classrooms and schools
- development of new pedagogy ideas and skills for effective teaching
- acquisition of diverse perspectives to share with colleagues
- opportunity for teachers and their families to connect to a variety of cultures and communities
- developing resiliency skills and self-confidence
- building an international educational and personal network
- access to international travel opportunities and experiences
- enhanced language skills
- a cost neutral opportunity for school boards to enable a full year of extraordinary professional development for teachers which benefit students, schools, school communities, and school boards
Overview of the Exchange Program
The first recorded teacher exchanges occurred in 1899 between the UK and a small group of Toronto teachers. By the 1920s, the Ministry had taken over the responsibility, and BC and some other provinces had also begun offering teacher exchanges. The Ministries or Departments of Education for each province managed the programs until the 1990s.
In 1991 in Ontario, the Ministry of Education divested the program to OFEE (Ontario Federation for Educator Exchange). Administration of the program was by an executive and board of directors of former exchange teachers and supervisory officers with the non-financial support of the Ministry and school boards in terms of facilities, information, and promotion, etc. In 1997 OFEE and OSEF (student exchange program) for reasons of efficiency and financial expediency merged to become CEEF governed by one common board.
In 2000, the BC Ministry of Education approached CEEF to take over their program. Thereafter, NB, NS, PEI, SK, MB also approached CEEF to manage the program in their provinces. The program has exchanged teachers from within our country and with other countries such as Australia, the United Kingdom, France, New Zealand, Germany, United States, Denmark, Spain, and Switzerland. Organizations affording this opportunity become a part of an international network of educational authorities looking outward to become active global citizens and to strengthen educational systems.
When educators immerse themselves in other educational systems, they not only serve as ambassadors of the quality of Canadian educators on the world stage but also are allowed the opportunity to reflect on best practices at a deeper level. Exchange teachers experience first-hand inclusion, the diverse learner, indigenous education, achievement gaps, minority languages, and other important developments in education that are unfolding globally. They bring back new ideas to enrich Canadian students and the teaching profession.
Why sign the petition?
Your vote is essential to sustain the program. Your vote will demonstrate that there is a significant interest in a teacher exchange program.
Without a Canadian teacher exchange program, teachers will lose a valuable and unique opportunity to foster global perspectives, acquire international pedagogy, nurture respect and awareness of diverse cultures, and promote personal and professional growth and development.
Send us a Letter of Support
As well as signing the petition, you can also forward a letter of support to Canadian Teachers for Educational Exchanges, a group of volunteers who feel passionately about the teacher exchange program at _EMAIL_ to help in our efforts to keep the exchange program alive.
Join our Facebook group
You can also ask to join our Facebook group at Canadian Teachers for Educational Exchange at _URL_
Complete your signature
0 have signed. Let's get to 2,500!


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Audiovisual synchrony perception for music, speech, and object actions.
Vatakis A., Spence C.
We investigated the perception of synchrony for complex audiovisual events. In Experiment 1, a series of music (guitar and piano), speech (sentences), and object action video clips were presented at a range of stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) using the method of constant stimuli. Participants made unspeeded temporal order judgments (TOJs) regarding which stream (auditory or visual) appeared to have been presented first. Temporal discrimination accuracy was significantly better for the object actions than for the speech video clips, and both were significantly better than for the music video clips. In order to investigate whether or not these differences in TOJ performance were driven by differences in stimulus familiarity, we conducted a second experiment using brief speech (syllables), music (guitar), and object action video clips of fixed duration together with temporally reversed (i.e., less familiar) versions of the same stimuli. The results showed no main effect of stimulus type on temporal discrimination accuracy. Interestingly, however, reversing the video clips resulted in a significant decrement in temporal discrimination accuracy as compared to the normally presented for the music and object actions clips, but not for the speech stimuli. Overall, our results suggest that cross-modal temporal discrimination performance is better for audiovisual stimuli of lower complexity as compared to stimuli having continuously varying properties (e.g., syllables versus words and/or sentences).


Too many mice in Australia – level 1
02-06-2021 07:00
Australia has problems with weather. It does not rain for a long time in some parts of Australia. Wildfires destroy forests and homes, too. Floods are in other places.
Now, one more problem is in New South Wales. There are too many mice. The mice destroy crops. Farmers do not know what to do.
The government has a plan. The government buys a chemical from India. The chemical is very dangerous. It is not legal in Australia. The government must change the law. Then, farmers can use the chemical.
Some people are not happy. They say that the chemical will kill other animals, too.
Difficult words: wildfire (a large fire which starts to burn strongly in nature, and it is not easy to stop it), flood (when water gets to people's homes), crop (a plant which farmers grow).
You can watch the original video in the Level 3 section.
What do you think about this news?
How to improve your English with News in Levels:
 1. Do the test at Test Languages.
 1. Read two news articles every day.
 1. Choose one person from the Skype section.


text:
Posts Tagged: Alexander Nguyen
Scorpions--to fear or to revere?
The Bohart Museum of Entomology's open house last Sunday drew visitors of all ages who marveled at the scorpions glowing under ultraviolet light.
UC Davis entomology major Alexander Nguyen flashed a UV light on the critters as his audience watched in amazement.
Most--but not all--of the world's scorpions glow under ultraviolet light, says Lynn Kimsey, director of the Bohart Museum, which houses more than seven million insect specimens.
Scorpions are not insects, but arachnids, the same as spiders. Ranging in size from 9 mm to 21 mm, scorpions have eight legs (arachnid alert!) and grasping claws that help conquer their prey. But it's their venom that kills. And all scorpions possess venom.
UC Davis entomologist Bruce Hammock and his lab made the news back in 2003 when they published a study that showed that scorpions produce two venoms: a pre-venom to deter predators and immobilize small prey, and then the good stuff, the powerful venom that's meant to kill.
It's like saving the best for last or waiting for the venom glands to pump and reload, so to speak.
So, why do they glow?
Scientists believe it's because of the fluorescent material found in the scorpion's hard outer covering.
"The fact that they glow serves no physiological function," said Bohart senior museum scientist Steve Heydon. "It's probably a quirk of chemical makeup."
Great quote..."a quirk of chemical makeup."
Scorpion glowing under ultraviolet light at the Bohart Museum of Entomology. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey)
UC Davis entomology undergraduate student Alexander Nguyen flashes a UV light on a scorpion, as Professor Demosthenes Pappagianis, M.D., Ph.D., of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, watches. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey)
Most scorpions glow under an ultraviolet light, but now a discovery on Alcatraz Island reveals that a certain species of millipedes will, too.
Forensic entomologist Robert Kimsey of the UC Davis Department of Entomology, who does fly research on Alcatraz, said that bait laced with a non-toxic fluorescent dye to estimate the rat population in February yielded the expected result: the glow of rat urine and feces.
But something else was glowing nearby: millipedes.
Had they consumed some of the rat bait?
No. An experiment at the Bohart Museum of Entomology on the UC Davis campus showed that these millipedes (Xystocheir dissecta (Wood) glow under black lights, just like scorpions.
Lynn Kimsey, director of the Bohart Museum and a professor of entomology at UC Davis, said the species is a relatively abundant species in the Bay Area. "This particular species of millipedes glowed all along, but nobody was paying any attention to it," she said.
She suspects that the millipedes on Alcatraz Island originated from soil transported over from the nearby Angel Island when "The Rock" was just that—rock with little or no soil.
Meanwhile, if you attend the Bohart Museum's open house from 1 to 4 p.m. on Sunday, June 3 at 1124 Academic Surge, California Drive, you'll see scorpions and millipedes glowing.
And there's something else to draw you in: a special live display of the California dogface butterfly by naturalist/photographer Greg Kareofelas of Davis. If all goes as planned, an adult will emerge from its chrysalis. If this doesn't happen (well, you can't tell a buttterfly when to emerge!) you can watch the life cycle on his PowerPoint presentation, to run continuously throughout the open house.
And, you can ask Kareofelas all about the California dogface butterfly (Zerene eurydice), which, by the way, is close to royalty--it's California's designated state insect.
This millipede (Xystocheir dissecta) glows under ultraviolet light. Alexander Nguyen of the UC Davis Entomology Club captured this image on Alcatraz, during one of UC Davis forensic entomologist Robert Kimsey's field trips.


text:
What grass do we cut?
We cut the grass on land owned by Council. This includes parks, gardens and nature reserves. We also cut grass near highways - verges next to footpaths and roads, central reservations and sightlines at junctions. We are responsible for more than 420 hectares (that's 4,200,200 square metres) of grassed land. We don't cut privately owned grass next to footways and roads.
When do we cut the grass?
Highway verges in rural areas are cut twice during the growing season, usually June or July and then September or October. Verges in towns and villages are usually cut between May and October. We can't give specific dates for when we will cut the grass as it depends on weather conditions and how fast the grass grows. Trunk roads (roads under the control of North & Mid Wales Trunk Road Agency such as the A55 and A470) are cut once a year. Some verges have rare or endangered species of plants or wildlife and here the grass cutting is tailored to suit. These areas are marked with wooden posts with a picture of bluebells. In parks and gardens, we try to cut the grass every two weeks during the main growing season (April to September).
Can we cut the grass more often?
No, there is a limited budget for grass cutting. We use this budget as efficiently as possible. We have to consider the total area of grass we are responsible for (more than 420 hectares) and the time it takes to maintain it.
Why is the grass so long?
Cutting is carried out to a schedule and there are periods where the grass will grow more quickly between cuts. Favourable weather conditions, usually in early summer, can cause grass to grow more rapidly.
Why are there large amounts of grass cuttings lying on top of the grass?
The amount of grass cuttings will vary depending on how quickly the grass is growing. This will normally reduce as the year goes on. During periods of wet weather grass may stick together under the mowers and then fall in clumps. The cuttings mulch down and help to slow down grass regrowth.
Why are grass cuttings not collected and removed?
We do not remove grass cuttings in most areas. The cost of collecting and transporting grass and the specialist machinery needed is time consuming, expensive and environmentally unfriendly.
Why don't we always cut or strim the grass at the base of trees and obstacles?
We use the largest mowers possible to cut the grass to make the service as efficient as possible. On some grass areas these machines cannot cut close enough to trees and bases of obstacles. Strimming around trees could cause damage as it could remove the bark. Instead we use a fully approved herbicide around trees and obstacles.
Why do we let the grass grow to different lengths on some areas?
This encourages the return of wild flowers and wildlife to our green spaces. How the land is used also helps us to work out how long grass should be. For example, formal parks require shorter grass and Local Nature Reserves are left more natural.
Why are we cutting the grass when it's wet?
Grass cutting is a large scale operation and cannot only be cut in perfect conditions. Cutting is postponed if conditions become so bad that we would be damaging the surface or putting our workers in danger. Delaying grass cutting means it will take longer to complete and reduce the possibility of doing the planned number of cuts.
I live next to an area that is maintained by the Council and the mowers sometimes start working early in the morning and are quite noisy. Why can't they work later in the day?
Because of the amount of work we have to do to maintain grass verges, green spaces and parks within the county, we have to start work early in the day. Crews are asked not to start before 7am in heavily populated areas to cause as little disturbance as possible.
Can I maintain a grass verge near my property?
No, because of the possible risk of injury to you and to passing traffic and pedestrians.


Sign in to your Webex site, then select Schedule a Meeting > Schedule a Meeting or an Event > Show advanced options > Scheduling options.
Under Registration, select Require attendee registration. For more information, see Require Your Attendees to Register for a Meeting or Event.
Click Customize registration form.
Click + next to each standard question you want to add to your registration form. To add all of the standard questions, click Add all.
Name and Email address are required.
To add a customized question, click +Add a customized question.
Select the format of the answer:
 - Single line text box—The registrant can type a brief, one-line freeform text answer, up to a maximum of 140 characters. For example, Address.
 - Radio buttons—The registrant can select only one answer in a list of two or more options that are mutually exclusive. For example, Do you want to receive a post-meeting survey? with the answers as radio buttons Yes or No.
 - Checkbox—Allows the registrant to select multiple answers to a question; for example, Check the product areas you'd like to learn more about during the event. Each check box is independent of all other checkboxes in the list, so checking one box doesn't uncheck the others.
 - Dropdown List—The registrant can choose only one answer from the list. For example, What is your country of residence?
 - Multi-line text box—The registrant can type a longer, freeform text answer. For example, What are you hoping to get out of this event?
Type your question in the Question field.
Enter the maximum number of characters for the answer. The default is 140.
If you want the question to be required, check the Set as required check box, then click Add.
(Optional) Select Preview form if you want to view the form before saving.
Select Save.


text:
What does ADSR mean in Electronics?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand ADSR in the Academic & Science field in general and in the Electronics terminology in particular.
Find a translation for ADSR in other languages:
Select another language:
Discuss this ADSR abbreviation with the community:
Use the citation below to add this abbreviation to your bibliography:
ADSR also stands for:
... see them all »


Visual novels
Visual Novels are rather static games that do not feature a lot of gameplay, they are completely story-driven experience. Visual Novels focus on static graphics, sound and text that keeps moving and developing as you make choices that will affect the narrative. There are several ending options for most Visual Novels and you can reach each of them by altering the storyline once you are required to make a choice in the game. Your choices can do both lead you through the story in different plots or make you face the bad ending and you will have to replay. Visual Novels originated in Japan and most of the examples of them are anime-like.
As there are many different options and a lot of scenarios the novel can take once you start making choices, the games are likely to be huge (in terms of possibilities). The game takes the direction you choose. What will you do? It's up to you only.
Page 1 of 16


Wednesday, 13 September 2017
Michaela deputy has controversial start at his new school
Barry Smith
Barry Smith, deputy headteacher at Michaela Academy for three years has had a rough start in his new job as principal of the former Great Yarmouth High School, now relaunched by Inspiration Trust as Great Yarmouth Chartered Academy.
Smith has hit local and national headlines as a result of importing Michaela methods into a school with its own ethos and history, rather than a brand new free school as Michaela was.
Parents admit that things were not perfect at GYHS but some are objecting strongly to the school rules and disciplinary methods as well as the tone of Smith's communications, written and verbal, with parents.
Parents have set up a Facebook page 'Yarmouth High Worried Parents' which currently has more than 1,000 members. A fascinating exchange of views is taking place on the page which cover the specific rules and their implementation but go wider to look at the rights of children and parents. At present pupils are also making contributions on the page and opinions vary with some welcoming the 'calm' that the rules bring and others finding themselves at the receiving end of the demerits. Similarly some parents are keen to challenge, if not the rules, the way they are being implemented. Parents with children with special needs are concerned about whether their child will be able to follow rules such as 'tracking the teacher' where every child has to have his or her eyes on the teacher throughout the lesson. Children on the autistic spectrum often have a problem with making and maintaining eye contact.
The local authority has set up and investigation into the school's exclusion policy which had not been updated to reflect recent DfE guidelines LINK
Tomorrow parents are to meet with Mr Smith. It should be interesting.
Anonymous said...
Does "tracking the teacher" apply to practical lessons like chemistry? I can foresee "health and safety" problems if it does!!!
Anonymous said...
'Parents are to meet with Mr Smith.'
According to the BBC East news website, a spokesman for the Inspiration Trust said: "The academy will be holding a meeting for all parents in the coming days so they can hear first-hand what Great Yarmouth Charter Academy is really all about."
They don't just bully the pupils, they try to brain-wash their parents as well! Will they succeed?
The BBC report includes this from a parent about Barry Smith:
'Seeing a parent and child crying outside the school, Mr Seal told the BBC he politely asked the head: "'Excuse me, why are you doing this to children?' His reply was 'If you don't like it, get out.'"
Anonymous said...
I saw a report a while ago that Michaela got an 'outstanding' from Ofsted. I assumed that this was inevitable as it's a 'free' school and Birbalthingy was Gove and the Tories' darling. Apart from the crap nature of Ofsted inspections, Ofsted people would know that an 'outstanding' was what was expected of them and to deny the Birb one would be like failing to clap and burst into tears of joy when Kim Jong-Un walks into the room.
I certainly hope I'm right. I'd hate to have to question my prejudices. Can anyone enlighten me?
Mike Hine
Anonymous said...
Serious question: how did they do it and how credible is it?


text:
DLTK's Crafts for Kids
Dinosaur (Triceratops) Craft
- a tp
- something to colour with,
- and a piece of paper.
- Print out the template of choice.
- Colour the pieces as appropriate and cut them
- Glue the large rectangular piece around the
toilet paper tube.
- Glue the head, legs and tail onto the tp roll.
- Close the template window after printing to return to this screen.
- Set page margins to zero if you have trouble fitting the template on one page (FILE, PAGE SETUP or FILE, PRINTER SETUP in most browsers).
Print friendly version of these instructions


text:
The 2008 Merrimack College Environmental Audit is now available for download. Simply click here.
The overall goals of the campus audit project were four-fold:
- To introduce students to the tools of investigation and the process of quantification of resource use and sustainability using the Merrimack Campus as a study site
- To analyze various resource use patterns and levels of resource use on the Campus from 2000 to 2007
- To establish a baseline to assess ongoing and future sustainability projects To identify and catalog existing efforts to make the College a more sustainable institution
To accomplish these four objectives, we analyzed resource use and the campuses environmental impact through a series of environmental or sustainability lenses. Merrimack College needed to conduct an audit, in order to judge how we are using our resources and if we can use them more efficiently. The audit results will also give us the opportunity to evaluate ourselves in comparison with other schools in the area that have conducted similar audits.
The campus environmental audit is a common tool that many colleges and universities have employed in recent years. A campus environmental audit is both a summary and a report card for a campus and a way to evaluate where and how resources are being used. An environmental audit is also the first step in being able to quantify whether or not current and/or future environmental efforts are actually making a difference. As such, an environmental audit is the beginning of the sustainability planning process. The results can be used to quantify what kinds of impacts the campus community has on the environment and what steps the college can take to reduce these impacts.
It is hoped that the results presented in this audit will serve as a guide for educating people on the current practices and resource use at Merrimack College as well as spawn innovation and new initiatives.


Contact Form Processing Products - for all your needs
FormMail • Form Encryption • Hosted Forms
Substitution Features in Templates
You can use templates with FormMail for providing "thank you" pages, autoresponse emails, and for the results emails you receive.
A template is simply a document (a plain text or HTML document) with a way of putting field values submitted from your form(s) in the document.
For example:
Customer's name is: $Name
Postal address is: $PostalAddr
FormMail looks for the symbol "$" followed by a field name and replaces it with the fields' value.
FormMail also looks for special substitution expressions and replaces those with the value of the expression.
Substitution Expressions
A substitution expression begins with "${" and ends in "}". Between the "{}" you place the field name, then a colon-separated list of options and other specifiers.
For example, the following will display a short one line summary of a postal address field in an HTML table row:
 Postal address is:
Expression Specifiers
Following is the list of specifiers supported by FormMail:
Normally, FormMail inserts a tag before each newline in field substitutions. This is mainly applicable to textarea fields. The nobr option disables the insertion of the tags.
N limits the number of characters substituted from the field value.
N limits the number of lines substituted from the field value. Usually used with textarea fields.
S is the string to use when FormMail separates elements of a list (array) field. This is the same as, and overrides, the template_list_sep feature.
This tells FormMail to perform TEXT_SUBS substitution on the field value. If you don't specify this option for a field, then its value is sanitized, and any HTML code in the value will be visible instead of operating as HTML. This option only has an effect when processing an HTML template.


Next: , Up: FR-V Built-in Functions Argument Types
The arguments to the built-in functions can be divided into three groups: register numbers, compile-time constants and run-time values. In order to make this classification clear at a glance, the arguments and return values are given the following pseudo types:
Pseudo type Real C type Constant? Description
uh unsigned short No an unsigned halfword
uw1 unsigned int No an unsigned word
sw1 int No a signed word
uw2 unsigned long long No an unsigned doubleword
sw2 long long No a signed doubleword
const int Yes an integer constant
acc int Yes an ACC register number
iacc int Yes an IACC register number
These pseudo types are not defined by GCC, they are simply a notational convenience used in this manual.
Arguments of type uh, uw1, sw1, uw2 and sw2 are evaluated at run time. They correspond to register operands in the underlying FR-V instructions.
const arguments represent immediate operands in the underlying FR-V instructions. They must be compile-time constants.
acc arguments are evaluated at compile time and specify the number of an accumulator register. For example, an acc argument of 2 will select the ACC2 register.
iacc arguments are similar to acc arguments but specify the number of an IACC register. See see Other Built-in Functions for more details.


How do venous valves work
How do venous valves work?
January 5, 2018 ANT MEDIC 0
Blood is pumped out of the heart by the arteries, delivered throughout the body and back through the veins to the heart. Therefore, in an upright human body, venous blood can overcome the effect of gravity and return from the lower limbs to the upper heart, which requires relying on the venous valve.


nodetool sethintedhandoffthrottlekb
Sets hinted handoff throttle in kb/sec per delivery thread.
Sets hinted handoff throttle in kb/sec per delivery thread.
nodetool sethintedhandoffthrottlekb
Cassandra tarball installations:
Table 1. Options
Short Long Description
-h --host Hostname or IP address.
-p --port Port number.
-pwf --password-file Password file path.
-pw --password Password.
-u --username Remote JMX agent username.
value_in_kb/sec Throttle time in kilobytes per second.
When a node detects that a node for which it is holding hints has recovered, it begins sending the hints to that node. This setting specifies the maximum sleep interval per delivery thread in kilobytes per second after delivering each hint. The interval shrinks proportionally to the number of nodes in the cluster. For example, if there are two nodes in the cluster, each delivery thread uses the maximum interval; if there are three nodes, each node throttles to half of the maximum interval, because the two nodes are expected to deliver hints simultaneously.
nodetool sethintedhandoffthrottlekb 2048


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I'm wondering if there is an accepted method to convert a tab delimited text file to XML, so that it can be imported in Adobe Flex. I would prefer to use PHP to achieve this.
The tab delimited text file I am looking to convert is in the format
Refnumber Location Name Age
123 North America Steve 32
And I am looking to convert to
 123
 North America
 Steve
 32
share|improve this question
Can you post the contents of the TAB-DELIMITED-TEXT-FILE for reference. – Sujit Agarwal May 26 '11 at 16:08
3 Answers 3
up vote 4 down vote accepted
You can iterate the file line by line and write the contents with XMLWriter
XmlWriter Example (demo)
$xmlWriter = new XMLWriter();
$xmlWriter->startDocument('1.0', 'UTF-8');
$tsvFile = new SplFileObject('filename.tsv');
foreach ($tsvFile as $line => $row) {
 if($line > 0) {
 $xmlWriter->writeElement('refnumber', $row[0]);
 $xmlWriter->writeElement('location', $row[1]);
 $xmlWriter->writeElement('name', $row[2]);
 $xmlWriter->writeElement('age', $row[3]);
Using the XmlWriter has the added benefit that it will tell you when you are trying to write illegal content for the XML elements. If you know there is only valid data in your tsv file, you can also just use a template and write that to another file.
Template Example (demo)
$tsvFile = new SplFileObject('filename.tsv');
$template = <<< TPL
$destFile = new SplFileObject('destination.xml', 'w+');
$destFile->fwrite('');
 if($line > 0) {
 $destFile->fwrite(vsprintf($template, $row));
share|improve this answer
I'm assuming you already read the Tab-delimited file. You can generate a XML output with something like this:
// get lines here
$xml = '';
foreach ($lines as $line) {
 // get values from line here
 $xml.= '';
 $xml.= sprintf('<%s>%s','refnumber', $values[0],'refnumber');
 $xml.= sprintf('<%s>%s', 'location', $values[1], 'location');
 $xml.= sprintf('<%s>%s', 'name', $values[2], 'name');
 $xml.= sprintf('<%s>%s', 'age', $values[3], 'age');
 $xml.= '';
$xml.= '';
share|improve this answer
If you want to use PHP to do this, you'll need to read your file line by line (i guess a set of data ends with a line-break) and then split the lines using the Tab as delimiter (regular extension is \r).
After that, to create your XML-Output, you'll want to use the XMLWriter-class, which can print the result to the screen (like you opened a normal XML-file), save it on the File-System or write it to a Database (using something like MySQLi).
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


text: Continuing logging in the tropics is making the conservation of remaining forests increasingly difficult. Furthermore, there are increasing evidences that recruitment of trees might be endangered through events such as climate change, enhanced seed predation or fragmentation. In this study we assess various impacts of tree harvesting in a Dipterocarp lowland rain forest in Sabah, Malaysia, already threatened by recruitment shortage. The results of the simulations of 56 different scenarios using the process-based forest growth model Formind2.0 were assessed. Formind2.0 is based on the calculations of the carbon balance of individual trees belonging to 13 different plant functional types. Desturbed recruitment leads to shifts in the abundances of species, to species loss, and to forest decline and dieback depending on the level of recruitment shortage. Forests under recruitment shortage lose their stability, additional disturbances like logging cause permanent and severe changes in tree species composition.


text:
Parallel first-year courses join for consumption studies
Many Cornell students cap their academic careers with a public presentation of their research during Student Symposium. But for first-year students in parallel sociology and geology courses, a chance to practice began with their very first Cornell course.
The two First-year Seminar courses intersected around the theme of consumption, culminating in small group projects examining the way physical objects such as cars, computers, and blue jeans affect people's behavior, and the way consumer behavior impacts the world around us.
Students from both courses were brought together weekly to develop ideas and strengthen their research and presentation skills. After conducting independent research during their respective courses, they regrouped near the end of the block to integrate their work and develop a poster to present on the Orange Carpet.
One team studied the life cycle of the cacao bean. While the geology students in Emily Walsh's class focused on issues like ideal soil pH and climate for the cacao plants, Erin Davis's sociology students looked at the personal and social factors that influence chocolate consumption. Their ideas coalesced around the Fair Trade model, which aims to simultaneously benefit local ecosystems and satisfy socially-minded consumers, with better-paid farmers using more traditional farming practices as the key link.
Celeste Torrence, a member of the sociology class, said the project taught her two important lessons:
"First, everything we do is a way to represent ourselves as individuals. From how we act to the kind of chocolate we buy, it's a constant process of constructing an individuality. The second point that really affected me was realizing how my personal consumption affects others. Through what I consume, I can either support the ethical treatment of workers and development of economies, or I can support cyclical poverty."
For Rachel Moline, another course highlight was a joint field trip to nearby Abbe Hills Farm that brought home similar lessons earlier in the block.
"At first I wasn't exactly sure why we were there and what it had to do with our course," she said. "But when I understood the context—seeing her respect for the land and knowledge of local geography—it all came together and made sense in terms of how she serves her customers with a community-supported model and farming practices that are healthier for the environment and for people."


text:
Here's the part 15 wifi spectrum as seen from a directional antenna at one of our sites. The strong signal at 5800 is some part of Towson University's wifi network, about a mile away, directly in the path of this dish:
Operating in Part 15 under the Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) allows for outdoor use and user-installable antennas in much of the spectrum above. Operating under amateur rules allows for greater power, and some unlocked/international gear can be used above 5825 MHz.
The 25dB dish has one small cluster of trees and a 2.4 mile run, but you can see one building from the other. That's why its signal is -65 with a noise floor of -90. The link is 240 mbps bi-directional, but with 100 mbps ethernet as the limiting factor we can get sustained transfers of 9 megaBYTES per second.
The 30dB dish is aimed at a site 9.4 miles away, with a ridge and a cluster of trees in the middle. We're pretty sure we can aim them better to get the signal into the low 70s, but through the recent snow and ice storms the signal remained constant, and the bandwidth remained above 100 Mbps. Sustained transfers through this link are 8 megaBYTES per second.


A 4.00kg box sit atop a 10kg box on a horizontal table. Thecoefficient of kinetic friction between the two boxes and betweenthe lower box and the table is 0.600, while the coefficient ofstatic friction between these same surface is o.800. A horizontalpull to the right is exerted on the lower box, and the boxes movetogether. calculate the friction force on the upper.Pull = 150.0N
Get this answer with Chegg Study


text:
The widely distributed ant genus Tetramorium is among the most species-rich ant genera in the world. Currently, we know 600 species, but scientists expect the total count to be closer to 700 or more species. Most of those species are found in the tropics and subtropics and Madagascar is the place where it is by far the most species-rich ant genus.
Colleagues have now found and described a new member of the genus: Tetramorium cavernicola
The name of the new species is Latin and means "cave dweller" or "cave inhabitant". It refers to the fact that the species is known only from a cave in Ankarana.
Abstract: In this study we provide an update to the taxonomy of the ant genus Tetramorium Mayr in Madagascar. We report the first record of the T. setigerum species group in Madagascar and describe the only Malagasy representative as T. cavernicola sp. n., which is known only from a cave in Ankarana. In addition, we provide an overview of the 19 proposed Malagasy species groups, and discuss their zoogeography and relationships to other groups and larger lineages within the hyper-diverse genus Tetramorium. At present, we recognise a highly unique Malagasy Tetramorium fauna with 113 species endemic to the island of Madagascar out of a total of 125 translating into an endemism rate of 93%. We hypothesise that this fauna is based on one or a few colonisation events from the Afrotropical region, with subsequent adaptive radiation in Madagascar. Furthermore, we present an updated and illustrated identification key to the Tetramorium species groups in the Malagasy region.


We can use number operators on variables that hold number values:
$tadpole_age = 7; $lily_age = 6; $age_difference = $tadpole_age - $lily_age; echo $age_difference; // Prints 1
Let's look at another example of performing operations with number variables:
$favorite_num = 22; echo $favorite_num + 1; // Prints 23 echo $favorite_num; //Prints 22
In the code above, we created the variable $favorite_num then we used echo to print that value plus 1. Note that we didn't reassign the value of the $favorite_num variable, so it still had the value 22 when we printed it on the last line.
We reassign number variables using the assignment operator:
$age = 82; echo $age; // Prints: 82 $age = $age + 2; echo $age; // Prints: 84
Let's do some addition and subtraction with variables!
Can you help? I'm trying to figure out how much more I spent last month than this month. Last month I spent 1187.23 and this month I spent 1089.98. Create the variables $last_month and $this_month and assign them the corresponding numeric values.
Use echo to print the difference between last month's spending and this month's.
Take this course for free
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text:
Transit rail stations that are compliant with requirements under the Americans with Disability Act (ADA) (box 6-C) increased 178 percent from just 553 stations (out of 2,452) in 1993 to 1,537 stations (out of 2,799) in 2003 (figure 6-6). Yet, the rate at which compliance increased at commuter-rail, light-rail, and heavy-rail stations differed (figure 6-7).
The percentage of light-rail stations that are ADA accessible rose the fastest among the transit rail modes, from 24 percent compliant (92 stations) in 1993 to 76 percent (466 stations) in 2003 (figure 6-7). During the same time period, commuter-rail station accessibility grew from 23 percent (242 stations) to 56 percent (643 stations). Heavy-rail riders also experienced an increase in ADA-compliant stations, from 22 percent (217 stations) in 1993 to 41 percent (416 stations) in 2003.
Transit buses are also subject to ADA requirements. As of 2003, 95 percent of all transit buses were equipped with lifts or ramps to make them accessible to disabled riders.1
1. U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, National Transit Database 2003, available at _URL_ as of April 2005.
1 For more information on accessible buses, see Transportation Statistics Annual Report, September 2004.


text:
In the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program, violent crime is composed of four offenses: murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault. Violent crimes are defined in the UCR Program as those offenses which involve force or threat of force.
The data presented in Crime in the United States reflect the Hierarchy Rule, which requires that only the most serious offense in a multiple-offense criminal incident be counted. The descending order of UCR violent crimes are murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault, followed by the property crimes of burglary, larceny-theft, and motor vehicle theft. Although arson is also a property crime, the Hierarchy Rule does not apply to the offense of arson. In cases in which an arson occurs in conjunction with another violent or property crime, both crimes are reported, the arson and the additional crime.
- In 2010, an estimated 1,246,248 violent crimes occurred nationwide, a decrease of 6.0 percent from the 2009 estimate.
- When considering 5- and 10-year trends, the 2010 estimated violent crime total was 13.2 percent below the 2006 level and 13.4 percent below the 2001 level.
- There were an estimated 403.6 violent crimes per 100,000 inhabitants in 2010.
- Aggravated assaults accounted for the highest number of violent crimes reported to law enforcement at 62.5 percent. Robbery comprised 29.5 percent of violent crimes, forcible rape accounted for 6.8 percent, and murder accounted for 1.2 percent of estimated violent crimes in 2010.
- Information collected regarding type of weapon showed that firearms were used in 67.5 percent of the Nation's murders, 41.4 percent of robberies, and 20.6 percent of aggravated assaults. (Weapons data are not collected for forcible rape.) (See,, and the.)


Climate Change Agreements
Climate Change Agreements (CCAs) are voluntary agreements which offer energy-intensive sectors the chance to receive up to 90% reduction in the Climate Change Levy.
The agreements are intended to reduce industry's energy use and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. An organisation with a CCA will measure and report its energy use, business activity levels and carbon emissions against agreed targets over five, two-year target periods.
In return for signing up, participating sectors receive a discount on the Climate Change Levy (CCL), of up to 90% on electricity bills and 65% on other fuels.
Climate Change Agreements (CCAs) are available for major energy-intensive processes such as aerospace, cement making and supermarkets to printing works, sawmills and agriculture.
esave can help identify the relevant sector CCA for your organisation, calculate the costs and benefits of joining, gather the registration evidence pack and make the application to join the CCA.
We can also manage the regular reporting program (as required by the industry sector CCA holder) and provide you with advice and guidance on meeting the next energy reduction target.


text:
Markets Wholesale Markets History
In 1816, the Street Commissioners purchased the old moated Manor House of the De Birmingham family and a year later opened the Smithfield Cattle Market on the site which now forms part of the Wholesale Markets Precinct.
The Old St. Martin's Market was used as a Wholesale Market until 1897. The Wholesale Fish Market in Bell Street was opened in 1869 and demolished in 1958.
St. Martin's Lane opened in 1883 and was divided into two sections, the larger upper part forming the wholesale Fruit and Vegetable Market, and the lower part, bordering Moat Row, initially used as a toll market for farmers and growers. The lower part was also home to the retail Rag Market each Tuesday and Saturday afternoon selling clothing, hardware and manufactured goods.
A Cattle and Pig Market in Montague Street was opened in 1892.
The City Meat Market and Abattoir in Bradford Street opened in 1897. The deterioration of the old Smithfield and City Meat Markets, the loss of the Fish Markets in Bell Street for the new Inner Road, and congestion of the narrow streets around the wholesale area, all led to the decision to build a new Wholesale Market complex. In February 1974 phase 1 of the scheme, the New Fish, Meat and Poultry Markets, was opened for trade.


Question: Do Tomatoes Scream When You Cut Them?
Does a plant feel pain when you cut it?
Do tomatoes cry?
Drought-stressed tomato plants emitted about 35 ultrasonic squeals per hour, on average, while those with cut stems made about 25. Drought-stressed tobacco plants let out about 11 screams per hour, and cut crops made about 15 sounds in the same time.
Does grass scream when you cut it?
Scientists have discovered that grass blades scream when cut with a lawnmower. … While human ears can only hear sounds up to about 16,000 Hz, scientists have now measured vocalizations of 85,326 Hz emanating from grass blades cut by a power lawn mower.
Do cucumbers scream when you cut them?
Although not audible to the human ear, the secret voices of plants have revealed that cucumbers scream when they are sick, and flowers whine when their leaves are cut [source: Deutsche Welle]. There's also evidence that plants can hear themselves being eaten. … This network helps plants propagate, grow and survive.
Do trees have genders?
Lots of trees are hermaphroditic — that is, their flowers contain both male and female reproductive parts. Other species have male trees and female trees, which you can tell apart by looking at their flowers: The male reproductive parts are the pollen-laden stamen; the female parts their egg-holding pistils.
Do plants die if you yell at them?
Marini does admit that sound waves can have an effect on plants because they make them vibrate, and that vibration causes the plants to create ethylene, stunting their growth, but adds that sound would not cause them to wilt and certainly wouldn't kill them.
Do plants feel love?
Plants Really Do Respond to The Way We Touch Them, Scientists Reveal. It's something that plant lovers have long suspected, but now Australian scientists have found evidence that plants really can feel when we're touching them.
What happens if you never cut grass?
After long periods without mowing, the grass may go to seed, causing the blades to look more like weeds than grass. In addition to decreased curb appeal, excessively tall grass puts the homeowner at risk for complaints. Many cities require homeowners to keep the lawn mowed.
Why does grass smell when it's cut?
What's the secret behind the sweet smell of cut grass? … Chemically speaking, that classic lawn smell is an airborne mix of carbon-based compounds called green leaf volatiles, or GLVs. Plants often release these molecules when damaged by insects, infections or mechanical forces — like a lawn mower.


Why become a Child'Space practitioner?
The way in which infants perceive, organise and process information directly affects the development of movement skills and the way they relate to their environment.
Monitoring and supporting an infant on this critical journey influences his physical, social, emotional and cultural adjustments throughout his life.
In recent years a growing number of children are requiring special education services, even as early as kindergarten.
Early intervention and stimulation of a child's primary developmental pathways can prevent or alleviate some of the manifestations of impaired development that many in our society are experiencing.
This is why we've developed a two-year training program to teach people to become an official Child'Space practitioner.
Manuel Reetz
Manuel Reetz Feldenkrais practitioner
As a Feldenkrais practitioner my daily business is movement. I thought, that I have a good understanding about movement and patterns. Child'Space offers for me a new point of view for movement. Babies are playing with gravity as a very new thing in their life. Grown-up persons know gravity, but have no awareness of it and of their patterns dealing with it.
So Child'Space is bringing me back to my roots and let me experience movement from a baby's point of view while playing with gravity. A very big adventure.
Child'Space graduates report that, in addition to their new professional skills of working with babies and parents/caregivers, the Training Program has deepened and broadened their understanding of the theoretical roots and structure of the Feldenkrais Method, improved their FI (Functional Integration/individual lessons) and ATM (Awareness Through Movement) skills, and sharpened their observation skills concerning the connection between movement, emotions and cognitive development.


text:
Map simulation of dogs' behaviour using population density of probabilistic model Online publication date: Mon, 15-Mar-2021
by Jirawat Jiwattanakul; Chawapat Youngjitikornkun; Worapan Kusakunniran; Anuwat Wiratsudakul; Weerapong Thanapongtharm; Kansuda Leelahapongsathon
International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology (IJCAT), Vol. 65, No. 1, 2021
Abstract: This paper proposes a simulator to demonstrate dogs' behaviours considering individual and group habits, which is designed to be purposefully expandable for disease control. The proposed system is developed using Unity and Mapbox SDK. The normal distribution, kernel density method and probabilistic model are applied to simulate the movement behaviour, world interaction and behaviour rates, respectively. The simulation is validated on an area of Saibai, located in the north-western of Torres Strait islands, Australia. This reports a median tie-strength of 0.0106 which is slightly different from the value calculated from the GPS information of 0.0113. It thus contains the relative error of 6.19%. Then, the simulation is applied to three cities in Thailand. They are all reported with higher tie-strengths, when compared to Saibai. This is because of the significantly higher average numbers of dogs and group distances, with the larger connections between dogs and their communities.
Online publication date: Mon, 15-Mar-2021
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Possible Duplicate:
Cohomology and fundamental classes
Given an oriented manifold $M$ and an oriented submanifold $\phi:N\to M$ we can obtain a homology class $\phi_*[N]\in H_*(M)$ where $[N]$ is the fundamental class of $N$. In general, it is not true that every homology class of $M$ can be represented by a submanifold in this manner, however for some special cases it is.
For example, for $M$ an oriented (and closed maybe?) 4-manifold every homology class can be represented by a submanifold. Another example is when $M$ an Euclidean configuration space.
My questions are:
1) Under what circumstances can every homology class of $M$ be represented by a submanifold and
2) What are some examples of manifolds who have homology classes not representable in this manner?
share|cite|improve this question
marked as duplicate by Kevin H. Lin, Ryan Budney, Loop Space, Andy Putman, Reid Barton Apr 14 '10 at 19:31
This is a duplicate, no?… – Kevin H. Lin Apr 13 '10 at 3:57
Yes, duplicate question and a question that has very good and well known answers in the literature. – Ryan Budney Apr 13 '10 at 6:43
Well it's not exactly the same question. The other question asks what is generated by images of fundamental classes of submanifolds. This question asks what is the image of the fundamental classes of submanifolds. – Don Stanley Apr 13 '10 at 6:59
The original post seems to be closer to what I was looking for. Thanks for the link and sorry for the repost. – Steve Apr 13 '10 at 12:43
3 Answers 3
up vote 19 down vote accepted
Here are a few simple answers to the question you asked:
 1. Every class in $H_{n-1}(M;Z)$ for $M$ orientable is represented by a submanifold: choose a smooth map $f:M\to S^1$ representing the Poincare dual in $H^1(M;Z)=[M,S^1]$ and take the preimage of a point. In dimensions>2 it can be taken connected.
 2. Similarly, every class in $H_{n-2}(M;Z)$ for $M$ orientable is represented by a submanifold: choose a smooth map $f:M\to CP^\infty$ representing the Poincare dual in $H^2(M;Z)=[M,CP^\infty]$, homotop $f$ into a finite skeleton, say $CP^N$, and take the preimage of $CP^{N-1}$.
 3. Transversality says that if you can represent $x\in H_k(M)$ by a map of a smooth manifold (e.g. elements in the image of the Hurewicz map, or by Thom), and $2k < n$, then you can represent it by an embedded submanifold (as Andy mentions above). For example, any class in $H_1(M)$ for $dim(M)\ge 3$. With care you can also make this work for $2k=n$, and there are techniques available in the "metastable" range (no triple points) involving generalizations of Whitney's trick and other ways to replace double points.
share|cite|improve this answer
A weaker question replaces "homology class of an embedded submanifold" with $f_{\ast}([M])$ for some compact smooth manifold $M$ and an arbitrary continuous map $f:M \rightarrow X$. Once you give up looking at embedded submanifolds, there is also no reason to restrict yourself to $X$ being a manifold.
A lot was proven about this by Thom in his classic paper "Quelques propriétés globales des variétés différentiables", which is more famous for containing his work on cobordism theory. A few of the results contained in that paper are as follows.
1) Every mod $2$ homology class can be so represented.
2) Integrally, it is true for every class in $H_k$ for $k \leq 6$.
3) For every $k \geq 7$, there exist polyhedra $X$ and classes in $H_k(X)$ that cannot be so represented.
EDIT : One should also remark that the above is germane to the original question too in many cases. Namely, if $X$ is a smooth $n$-manifold and $M$ is a compact smooth $k$-manifold and $f:M \rightarrow X$ is arbitrary, then $f$ is homotopic to an embedding as long as $k < n/2$.
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If you really want a submanifold then I guess you can't always do it. For a closed manifold $M$ consider two times the fundamental class $2[M]$. It's easy to see you can't represent this class as a submanifold when $M=S^1$. Perhaps if you take any class in $a\in H_*(M)$ with nonzero self intersection, then $2a$ can't be represented as a submanifold?
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About your last sentence: as Paul notes, classes of codim 1 or 2 are always representable. In the codim one case, to double the homology class, compose a map to $S^1$ with the double covering of $S^1$ by itself. – Tim Perutz Apr 13 '10 at 13:46
_USER_: It depends on what you mean by "self-intersection" and whether you allow disconnected submanifolds. eg if you take twice the first generator of H1(T), then 2x\cdot 2x=0 but the curve t\mapsto (e^{4\pi i t},1) has self-intersection 1. But 2 parallel copies of x is an embedded, disconnected manifold that represents 2x – Paul Apr 13 '10 at 14:17
Thanks Paul and Tim for letting me know. – Don Stanley Apr 14 '10 at 12:31


text:
Silence removes a minion's card text and eliminates any other effects present on the card. However, the minion can still have effects applied to it after.
- If a minions is silenced, you can still buff it, including buffs that come from other minions, such as, whose +1 attack to adjacent minions will renew immediately following a neighboring minion being silenced.
- You can also place spell buffs on a minion after it has been silenced.
- Silence will not reverse effects of ownership, such as a minion being returned to its original owner.
- It does not reverse effects of card identity either, for example a when silenced will not revert to its 3/3 form.
- Silence will remove other spell effects cast by you or by your opponent, including freeze.
- When a minion is silenced it returns to its original health if its current health is above its original health; however, if its current health is below its original health, its health will not change.
- A card with the Silence ability removes all buffs and all effects (even those written on the card) from the target while the target remains in play.
- The only way to reverse a silence is to put the card back into your hand and play it again via cards like or.
Below is a list of all cards with the silence mechanic.
- Note: For the purposes of this list, only collectible cards are listed.


text: Did you know that cold, almost frozen water causes fish to hibernate? During the cold months of the year when water temperatures drop to 40 degrees or less, fish stop eating as much food and their growth slows down. The cold water acts like an appetite suppressant for fish. That is also one of the main reasons why bait fishing is not very successful in winter months. That is something I learned while working at the fish hatchery.


text:
Message shortcodes are special snippets of text that allow for precisely controlling how dynamic content will display in the message template. If you are familiar with how WordPress shortcodes work then using these shortcodes should be fairly straightforward. Shortcodes such as
[EVENT_AUTHOR_FORMATTED_EMAIL] all provide an easy way to indicate where dynamic content will be inserted when messages are sent.
There are also special shortcodes that we call list-type shortcodes. These are shortcodes such as
[QUESTION_LIST]. These shortcodes are special because when you use it, you are indicating that this is where you want a list of items to be displayed in your template. When the message generator gets to this shortcode, it will signal it to look for a corresponding field in the template to know how to parse each item in the list. So when you see a field in a message template that is labelled with
[event_list] then you know that when the
[EVENT_LIST] shortcode is parsed, the generator will look in the
[event_list] field to know how to parse each event item.
Display Answers to Questions in Your Templates
To display all answers:
You add the
[QUESTION_LIST] shortcode to the
[ATTENDEE_LIST] section, then within the
[QUESTION_LIST] section you can add the
To display individual answers:
[RECIPIENT_ANSWER_*] shortcode in a valid location, and use the question display text you are testing. In my case the question was "What color?" so when I added the shortcode it was
[RECIPIENT_ANSWER_* What color?] I also prefaced the shortcode with the actual question text so I could tell that I was seeing the right message when I received it.
Note: It is VERY important that your question display text match exactly what the question is.


text:
Date of Award:
Master of Landscape Architecture (MLA)
Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning
This study had two goals: first, to establish a need to use native plant materials for planting and revegetation of highway right of ways in Utah; and secondly, to develop a list of potential native plants sui table for hi.ghway planting in Utah. To accomplish these two goals, three steps were completed. Correspondence was exchanged with officials of other state highway departments to determine their attitudes concerning the use of native plants for highway planting. Second, a case study was completed on two sections of the Interstate Highway system in the Weber-Davis area of Utah. This was done to document the present planting practices of the Utah Department of Transportation. The survival rate of the plants planted by Utah Department of Transportation was determined to be moderate to low, while native species have revegetated and were surviving without special maintenance. It was determined that there was a need to utilize native plants for highway planting in Utah. Third, a list of native plants was developed to provide a potential list of species suitable for highway planting and revegetation.
Carlson, Richard Llewellyn, "Applicability of Using Native Plant Species for Highway Planting in Utah" (1977). All Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 1656.
Copyright for this work is retained by the student. If you have any questions regarding the inclusion of this work in the Digital Commons, please email us at.


010102: A-priori probability must be between 0 and 1.
The apriori file gives a weight to the input classes that will be used during the classification. Each cell in the classification has a probability of being assigned to each class. The cell will be assigned to the class that it has the highest probability of being. In certain situations, you know that a cell is more likely to be part of one class over the other.
For example, if you are classifying a coastal area, it is more likely that a cell will be water than another land use. Since this apriori information defines a probability, to normalize the probabilities, they should add up to 1. Therefore, all apriori probabilities must be between 0 and 1.
Make sure all the probabilities in the apriori file are between 0 and 1. Check the Class Probability or Maximum Likelihood Classification documentation for further details on the formatting of the apriori file.


text:
is a method for estimating
sustainable yields for data-poor fisheries.Based on the idea that the average catch has been
abundance has not changed, DCAC makes a correction to that average if
has increased or decreased (which may be the subject of an educated
on subjective impressions).The
magnitude of the correction depends on the approximate natural
which should be about 0.2 or smaller to apply this model.Uncertainty is recognized
in all of the
parameters in the model, and is reflected in the output probability
Alverson, D., and W.
Pereyra. 1969. Demersal fish explorations in the northeastern Pacific
Ocean – an evaluation of exploratory fishing methods and
analytical approaches to stock size and yield forecasts. J. Fish Res.
Board Can. 26:_PHONE_.
Deriso, R. 1982. Relationship of fishing mortality to natural mortality
and growth at the level of maximum sustainable yield. Can. J. Fish.
Aquat. Sci. 39:1054-1-58.
Gulland, J. 1970. Preface. In: J. Gulland (ed.) The fish resources of
the oceans. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 97, p.1-4.
He, X., D, Pearson, E. Dick, J. Field, S. Ralston, and A. MacCall.
2007. Status of the widow rockfish resource in 2007, an update. Pacific
Fishery Management Council, Portland OR.
MacCall, A. 2007.
Depletion-adjusted average catch. pp. 27-31 In: Rosenberg, A., Agnew,
D., Babcock, E., Mogensen, C., O'Boyle, R., Powers, J.,
Stefansson, G., Swasey, J. 2007. Setting annual catch limits for U.S.
fisheries: An expert working group report. Lenfest Ocean Program, 1025
F Street NW, Suite 900, Washington, D.C.
and S. Martell. 2004. Fisheries ecology and management. Princeton
University Press. 399 p.


Quick Answer: Is It Correct To Be More Busy?
Is Unbusy a word?
Yes, unbusy is in the scrabble dictionary..
What is the superlative of beautiful?
beautiful (comparative more beautiful, superlative most beautiful)
Why is more better wrong?
"More" implies a higher level of "good." Therefore, "more better" would imply a level that is better than better. "More better" is never correct. If you want to say that something is better than good, you say it is "better," but if you want to say it is more than better, you say that it is "best."
What is the meaning of busy?
Adjective. busy, industrious, diligent, assiduous, sedulous mean actively engaged or occupied. busy chiefly stresses activity as opposed to idleness or leisure. too busy to spend time with the children industrious implies characteristic or habitual devotion to work.
What is the meaning of less?
1 : constituting a more limited number or amount less than three less than half done. 2 : of lower rank, degree, or importance no less a person than the president himself. 3a : of reduced size, extent, or degree. b : more limited in quantity in less time.
What's another word for busy?
What is the degree of busy?
busier. Superlative. busiest. The superlative form of busy; most busy.
Is busy an abstract noun?
Answer and Explanation: Busy is not an abstract noun. Instead, busy is an adjective.
What is the meaning of less busy?
1. not busy; idle; unoccupied. It's his task to keep from being unbusy.
What is the superlative form of busy?
busierTwo syllablesAdjectiveComparativeSuperlativesimplesimplersimplestbusybusierbusiesttiltedmore tiltedmost tiltedtangledmore tangledmost tangled1 more row
What is the superlative of wise?
EnchantedLearning.com GrammarCaseAdjectiveSuperlative Form1-syllable adjectives ending in "e"hugehugestlargelargeststrangestrangestwisewisest45 more rows
Is it correct to say how is you?
The pronoun YOU always takes a plural verb, even when it refers to only one person. So we always say "How are you?" never "How is you?"
Can you say more good?
You can do more good. However if you are using it as an adjective (e.g. "my work is good") then if you improved your work, you would say "my work is better", not "my work is more good."
What is another word for not busy?
Do you say more busy or busier?
"Busier" is a comparative: more busy than something else. You could be busier than another person, or busier than you were yesterday, etc. "Very busy" is an absolute.
What is the comparative of busy?
busierTwo syllablesAdjectiveComparativeSuperlativehappyhappierhappiestsimplesimplersimplestbusybusierbusiesttiltedmore tiltedmost tilted1 more row
Is more good grammatically correct?
"better" is a comparative form of "good", so you do not need to (and should not) say "more better": say either: It is better than your book. It is far better than your book. Using "more better" is against normal grammar, and if it is used it is uneducated and substandard.


text: Families provide foundational contexts in which most children develop and grow. For families of children with special health care needs (CSHCN), interdisciplinary supports can build family participation capacities, beyond individualistic child supports. This single-group pretest–posttest quasi-experimental study sought to determine the preliminary effects of the Healthy Families Flourish Program (HFFP), a telehealth occupation-based parent coaching intervention to promote participation, cohesion, adaptability, and communication for families of CSHCN. Eleven families, including 17 parents and 27 children, completed the 10-session intervention consisting of parent education and individualized coaching. Participants completed the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, Goal Attainment Scaling, and the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales pre-/post-intervention. Within-group comparisons showed improvements in family participation, cohesion, adaptability, and communication with Cohen's d effect sizes ranging from 0.55-3.32. Researchers found positive relationships between family participation and cohesion as well as participation and adaptability. Findings provide considerations for supporting families within socioecological contexts.