2. The hospital team
The hospital team
9) Delayed Discharge
Female patient lying in a hospital bed talking to a nurse
Whenever a patient is admitted to hospital the staff in charge of the persons care will make an "estimated date of discharge" (EDD) This date is a guideline on approximately the length of the hospital stay but can be changed if there are unforeseen complications or changes to the original care plan on admission. The majority of patients will be discharged around the EDD date. This is more difficult to predict for stroke patients as each patient can have very different stroke symptoms. The EDD will be reviewed regularly by the hospital team. Most discharges will be planned and the person will go home with all the support they need in place. When this cannot be done for whatever reason the discharge may be delayed.
What is a delayed discharge
When an individual is " ready for discharge", but cannot leave the hospital because the other necessary care, support or accommodation for them is not readily accessible or funding is not available. (for example for a care or nursing home place) This is then a delayed discharge and is counted from the day when the ready for discharge date was decided.
Rules about delayed discharge
The hospital team including the social workers will then be expected to find placement, alternative accommodation or intermediate care for the patient within six weeks of a delayed discharge. Intermediate care can mean a range of services to maximise the patients independence when they return home. If the patient has complicated care needs, additional services and facilities should be in place to make the change between hospital and home as safe as possible. Discharge may be delayed due to the complicated planning required to arrange to meet those needs. Health and social services are usually required to work together to provide the patient with their care.
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What is Piles?
Piles is a painful condition, which can aggravate if left untreated and may hamper your ability to perform your daily activities. Most people hesitate to seek treatment for it, citing it as an embarrassing health condition. Aside from this, some find piles treatment to be very expensive. If you're worried about the high treatment cost, read on and explore the best treatment options in your Mumbai.
Factors That Affect Piles Surgery Cost in Mumbai
Several factors influence the cost of piles surgery in Mumbai. The final cost of piles surgery in Mumbai is calculated after considering the factors that are mentioned below. Some common factors that can cause piles surgery cost to differ from person to person are:
- Consultation fees of the proctologist: The consultation fees charged by doctors/surgeons specializing in piles treatment varies greatly. Doctors with more experience can charge higher than those with relatively lesser experience.
- Type and grade of piles: The severity and grade of piles play an essential role in determining the cost of the treatment. For example, the surgery performed to treat grade 4 piles would require more precision, and it would therefore cost you higher than the cost of surgery for grade 1 piles.
- Cost of diagnostic tests before surgery: Some diagnostic tests, including anoscopy, colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, and digital rectal exam, are important before piles surgery. Some hospitals include the cost of these tests in the total treatment cost.
- Cost of pre and post-surgical medicines: The doctor might prescribe certain medications before the surgery. The cost of these medicines can cause the cost to soar. Similarly, the medicines prescribed after the procedure can also cause a variation in the treatment expense.
- Charges of post-surgery follow-up session: Follow-ups after surgery help doctors assess the efficacy of the surgery and check for post-surgery complications. The cost of follow-ups also affects the surgery cost.
The factors listed above can collectively cause your treatment cost to differ. In general, all hospitals and medical facilities assess all these factors before presenting you with the final bill.
All in all, if you have been diagnosed with piles, its always advisable to consult the best piles doctor in Mumbai and undergo proper treatment to prevent the condition from aggravating.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Writing a paper pitition
Writing a paper pitition
Petitions are formal requests seeking a specific court order filed by a person, organization or group to the court.Torn on all four sides to form a square or for those that want a neater square, a scissor will be your best friend.Listed below are a few tips to remember when crafting a petition letter.Writing a letter/email to the Universe is a tried and tested manifestation technique in the law of attraction..Formulate your request; When you writing a paper pitition write up a petition, you should read and research on the topic before you presenting the appeal to the court.If you would like writing a paper pitition this paper removed from our website, please contact us our Contact Us Page Write your body.Our company is proud to host more than 80 of North America's best essay writers.The fact, that theyrequire a formal approach for their creation, makes writingpetitions a real time-consuming affair.The divorce petition is the document in which your spouse also asked for what he or she wanted out of the divorce, including: Division of assets and liabilities.) There is a summary of minimum W-course criteria on the back of this form.Writing a letter/email to the Universe is a tried and tested manifestation technique in the law of attraction A petition refers to a legal document that formally requests a court order.Last updated on January 17th, 2019.The simplest petition of all consist of writing the person's name on a square of paper an odd number of times, usually 3, 7, 9, writing a paper pitition or 13.It is because there will come many instances when students have to apply for exemptions but in order to get these exemptions students first have to.Larger goals, such as loosening the school's bathroom policies, may require a more letter-like format.In most candle spell traditions, writing a series of words on paper to effective bring about the desired outcomes is one of the core rituals one does when burning candles to bring about change, money and in matters of love and relationships.This is called "covering and crossing" Petitions are usually written on a piece of ordinary, brown grocery bag paper.Among the several technique taught, are how to make a name paper, a paper petition and some cool ways to write words to increase the effect In a university setting, writing a petition letter is a very common occurrence.This is called "covering and crossing" AFter writing what they wanted they would fold the lead sheet and nail it shut.In over a decade of hosting and running thousands of online petitions, we've seen all kinds of petitions.From their they would throw it into a body of water or bury it in a graveyard.Write a short headline that grabs attention and creates an immediate connection You may also include any other material you believe essential to understand your petition.Put the petition title on top of the form.After drafting you can file the petition in filing section of the court Until 2003, petitions were only possible in paper form.A successful petition has the right goals, is written for the best audience, and has a strong message that resonates.Proofread your petition and make sure everything is spelled correctly and that there are no major grammar errors Request Paper Petition Please fill out this form if you would like a paper petition mailed to you Paid for by Victims of Violent Crime for the Recall of.You must submit ONE of the following to document the amount of writing required: 1..
Who would you write a business letter to, a paper pitition writing
Previous engagement with the writing process (including components like drafting, revision, peer response, instructor feedback, and self reflection), and.At the onset of a lawsuit, complaints and petitions are considered pleadings.In the divorce petition, your spouse provided basic information about your marriage and family and asked the court to end your marriage.1 First you need to research your cause for writing the petition.The first step in writing a petition is to research, develop, and write a clear and specific goal statement.Write a short headline that grabs attention and creates an immediate connection Writing a Simple Petition Letter (with Sample) Use this sample petition letter as a template for your formal petition letter.Write a short headline that grabs attention writing a paper pitition and creates an immediate connection All academic and business writing simply has to have absolutely perfect How To Write A Overloading Petition Essay grammar, punctuation, spelling, formatting, and composition.If it is a small goal, like salsa in the cafeteria, you only need one or two sentences.At the end of the petition you must type this line: "I declare under penalty of perjury that all assertions made within this petition are complete, truthful, and accurate.Make this realistic and concrete Writing a Petition Letter for College [with Sample] By andre bradley / April 2, 2021 / Other Letters.Instructor and the paper was returned to you, you revised the paper, and then the paper was handed in again for final grading.A writ petition can be filed in high court under article 226 and in the supreme court under article 32.Review the divorce petition carefully.To write a petition letter, it is essential to state the main goal of the letter clearly and concisely.You are advancing a statement based on values in order to gain a platform in which you can speak to your reasoning in detail.A petition is just another word for prayer or a request or a freewheeling letter to the Universe.The research will help you build up your arguments on the request You are able to use a petition to lead to real changes with just a pen and a bit of paper, so long as you have sufficient people ready to sign it.It is filed typically at the start of a lawsuit.Turn the paper and write out your full name across the petition writing a paper pitition the same number of times directly on top of the petition words.There are many different types of petitions.A petition letter can either accompany a formal petition or request a change in the status of a particular situation.Create a signer's form on a separate sheet for paper petitions.How to Write a Petition: Craft a Compelling Message!Mar 27, 2019 - A petition is a request or wish written on a piece of paper.THe Norse used rune staffs to cast magic spells.2 The second step is the process of writing the petition.In a digital world, it's crucial to understand the best practices for building a dynamite petition.Experience reading academic sources (not including textbooks).Our managing editor – an award-winning journalist – has spent the past 7 years refining our roster.And that is primarily because of writing a paper pitition the nitty-gritty involved in their formulation.
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coming through at the center of the base than at the ski edges ("edge high"). This will be very obvious.
If the ski is convex so that the base in the center of the ski is higher than the edges ("base high"), the light band will be more narrow at the center of the base, wider over the edges. The Ruby Stone Blade is used to correct the convexity.
Keep in mind that you can also observe your base flatness just by the structure pattern. If it is consistent the entire base, it is flat. Inconsistencies disclose high or low spots and are generally easy to see.
Advanced Techniques:
It is common for ski bases to have waves on them, and stone grinding will not remove them because the stone rides up and down with the waves. The waves have to be cut off from an angle. Also, they cannot be seen. If you use the Base Flattener at an angle as shown in the picture, you will find there is more drag in certain spots than others. Those spots with extra drag are base waves. As you continue to make additional passes on the base you will find the drag at that point becomes progressively less and that finally it disappears, the wave is removed.
Skip marks can ONLY be put in the base with the steel blades, NEVER the Ruby Stone Blades. Skip marks are caused by
 - pushing the tool down the base with too much speed
 - pushing on the tool with excessive pressure
 - using a blade that is too dull, it needs sharpening
 - The base is too smooth and slick, roughen it with the Ruby Stone
 - Trying to do too much work too quickly
 - you have a rock hardened/damaged edge section next to the mark
You won't put in skip marks if you keep the blade nice and sharp and use the tool with a lighter touch, letting the tool do the job rather than over-muscling it. If you have a rock hardened/damaged section it needs to be polished out with the Ski Sharp Stones before flattening with the steel blade.
If you do put in skip marks, they won't damage the performance of your skis. They just don't look very good. To remove, angle the Base Flattener and use the Ruby Stones, the angle used coming from the opposite angle as the skip marks in the base, they have to be cut off from a cross-angle.
Due to the curvature of the ski at tip and sometimes at tail (flip tail skis) using the Ruby Stone Blade by hand can sometime work better than in the Base Flattener. Just keep the blade up on edge and follow the contour of the base to get a uniform structure across the width.
If your ski is very concave it is best to use the File Base Flattener, the steel blade is best kept for fine detail work rather than using it for heavy work.
It is VERY IMPORTANT to polish off the burr that is left whenever you work on metal ski edges, a burr makes the skis over-sharp and dangerous. We recommend the SkiVisions Ski Sharp for such purpose, or you can polish the edges by hand with a stone.
The steel blade falls from the tool when the retaining screws are loosened. It is sharp and heavy and should be done over your bench carefully.
Maintain a firm grip on the tool when running it off the tail of the ski so you don't drop it.
Keep your fingers on the tool and out of the way of the sharp metal ski edges. Your ski must be held in a ski vise when using the Base Flattener.
(Note: reprinted from SkiVisions with permission.)
The following videos relate to using the Base Flattener and maintaining the cutting inserts:
SkiVisions Flattening bases with the Base Flattener Part 1
SkiVisions Flattening bases with the Base Flattener Part 2
SkiVisions Maintaining Cutting Inserts, Base Flattener Stones, HS Steel Bar & Files
Tips & Info Sections:
Ski & Snowboard Tuning Overview


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What rhymes with e region?
This page is about the various possible words that rhymes or sounds like e region. Use it for writing poetry, composing lyrics for your song or coming up with rap verses.
- (noun) a region of the ionosphere (from 50 to 90 miles up) that reflects radio waves of medium length
Find a translation for e region in other languages:
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This article's content is marked as Mature
~ Arthur Morgan.
~ Arthur threatening Archie Downes.
Arthur Morgan is the villainous main protagonist (if the player takes the low honor way) of Red Dead Redemption II. Depending on the player's choices, Arthur can be a rough and aggressive, yet loyal and friendly outlaw who can earn his path to redemption if he has high honor. Or he can become more ruthless and violent as the game progresses.
He was voiced by Roger Clark in motion capture.
Arthur was born in 1863 to Lyle and Beatrice Morgan, and she died when he was very young. Lyle was a criminal and outlaw, and was arrested for larceny in 1874, and Arthur described as a "no good bastard". Arthur witnessed his death when he was young as well, and despite not liking his father, or knowing his mother, he kept photos for them for either comfort or fondness for them.
Around 1878, Arthur was picked up and adopted by Dutch van der Linde and Hosea Matthews, and viewed both of them as surrogate fathers. As time went by, Arthur started to share Dutch's vision of life lived free from civilization and law, and became one of the most trusted members of the gang. During his youth, Arthur met and fell in love with Mary Gillis, but his life of crime and disapproval of Mary's family caused their relationship to crumble.
Later on, Arthur had a sexual interaction with a young waitress named Eliza, and she had his son, Isaac. Despite working with the van der Linde gang, Arthur offered his support and spent quality time with them, often visiting them a few months and days. One day, Arthur arrived at their home to see them buried, and later learned that they were killed by robbers for ten dollars. The incident hardened Arthur deeply, and he never truly coped with the pain of losing a child, and became fond of John and Abigail Marston's son, Jack.
Some time after Jack was born, John left the Van der Linde gang for an entire year under the severe doubts that he couldn't be a father. After returning he was welcomed back in by the gang's members, Arthur however, felt betrayed by his actions and held a grudge against John for deserting the gang and his family.
Red Dead Redemption II
There's a good man within you... But he is wrestling with a giant.
~ Mary to Arthur.
Arthur is presented as a cold and brooding outlaw who is fully willing to resort to violence if somebody angers him. Although he seems like a despicable person at first, while showing no remorse whatsoever for the people he has killed. It is proven throughout the story that Arthur is actually a good person deep down, who holds many regrets about the life he chose. This included not being able to stay with and marry his former lover, Mary Linton, due to her family rejecting him because of his life as an outlaw.
While having low honor, Arthur can be portrayed as an aggressive, cold, callous, selfish and even sadistic person who has absolutely no qualm about doing some of the worst things that he is capable of: killing innocent townspeople, abusing animals and verbally abusing his fellow gang-members to name a few. During the loansharking missions set by Leopold Strauss, Arthur can ruthlessly extort and harm the debtors who owe the gang money (as he did with Thomas Downes). The player can ultimately determine Arthur's morality via their choices which directly affect Arthur's honor rating.
One notable trait about Arthur's character was that he was never interested in, nor motivated by the concept of revenge. As throughout the course of the game, he states it to be an idiot's game, and had no interest in getting payback on Angelo Bronte or Leviticus Cornwall. However, Arthur can also go back on this by going back for the money, with the intention of facing Micah and Dutch. Arthur can still be portrayed as selfish and hurtful, interested in retrieving the gang's money rather than helping John escape to his family.
Despite his low-honor character being significantly more villainous, Arthur still does retain some of his standards and redeeming qualities, such as wanting to help John Marston and his family escape the Van der Linde gang's downfall. He also still despised loansharking, despite being very intimidating and harmful to the debtors. Regardless of high or low honor, Arthur will still exile Leopold Strauss from the gang after suffering a conscience crisis. Arthur also comes to accept his fate and that his death is impending, although his tuberculosis diagnosis can still present him a chance to try and change for the better.
Arthur is irreligious, although he does appear to believe in some form of afterlife.
After the first few trailers of Red Dead Redemption II, many fans were disappointed that they wouldn't be playing as John Marston. However, after playing through the game many players grew extremely fond of Arthur, and his complexity as a character. Along with the game's beautiful graphics and immersive open-world, many believed that Arthur brought the game's world and some of the other characters to life. His development and potential path to redemption are often subjects of very high praise from fans and critics alike. Roger Clark stated that he wanted to portray Arthur as complex enough for the player to choose his path but still make sense. For his work on the game, Clark received numerous nominations including Best Performance at The Game Awards.
With many players establishing a very strong player/protagonist connection with him, many of them were saddened by Arthur's death and him contracting tuberculosis beforehand. Arthur's tuberculosis also raised awareness for the deadly disease.
Many fans would easily state that Arthur Morgan is one of Rockstar's best protagonists.
~ Arthur on the gang's situation.
Where's our money!?
~ Arthur assaulting Thomas Downes.
~ Arthur to Winton Holmes.
~ Arthur to Uncle.
~ Arthur to John Marston.
~ Arthur to Sadie Adler.
Dutch... Micah... COME AND GET ME, YOU BASTARDS!!!
~ Arthur if he goes for the loot.
~ Arthur's last words to Micah Bell if he has low honor.
You let him damn us all, Dutch.
~ Arthur if he goes back for the money and has low honor.
 - Arthur is possibly of British and Welsh descent.
 - If Arthur has low honor, he will be symbolized with a twisted black furred coyote, which are often seen as sinister tricksters.
 - If Arthur talks with Mary-Beth, Karen or Tilly while having low-honour, Arthur can admit he feels like he's lost his mind and isn't in control of himself (a possible fourth wall break). He can even state that he's no better than Micah, or believe that Micah put a spell on him.
See also
 Official Red Dead logo.png Villains
Red Dead Revolver
Red Dead Redemption
Abraham Reyes | Agustin Allende | Archer Fordham | Bill Williamson | Dutch van der Linde | Edgar Ross | Espinoza | Javier Escuella | John Marston | Norman Deek |Randall Forrester | Seth Briars | Vincente De Santa
Read Dead Redemption: Undead Nightmare
Red Dead Redemption II
Red Dead Online


Sunday, June 30, 2013
Precision and Accuracy: Changes to the Aiming System in 8.6
This post was supposed to come out a while ago, but with WoT NA servers down at the moment and the continuing arguments over just how 8.6 effected accuracy, I wanted to take some time to show you just what changed.
In 8.6, the aiming mechanism's RNG was changed to produce a tighter shot distribution. The details of this have been gone over multiple times, particularly in WG's own announcement and this article on (blog now located at
The gist of it simple pretty simple: Where once the outside of the aim circle represented 1.3 standard deviations from the aim point and any number >1.3 SDs generated by the RNG flew off to edge of the aim circle, this was being tweaked to be 3 standard deviations instead. Now that the patch is out, I'm fairly certain that the aim circle is still at 1.3-2 SDs in size as it appears smaller than it used to, but now the RNG will allow shots out to 3 SDs, which is the new definition of the gun's accuracy stat.
What does this mean practically? Well, take a look at a standard normal distribution:
The numbers along the bottom are distances in Standard Deviations and from the chart you can see that 68% of your shots will land within 1 SD of the aim point, 95% within 2 SDs and 99.7% within 3 SDs. For reasons unknown to players and statisticians the world around (programmers likely have a theory about system resources), Wargaming decided to set a hard limit on their random number generator at 1.3 SDs, which coincidently means that 1 in every 5 shots went straight to the edge of your aiming circle. By changing this value to 3 SDs, now only 3 in 1000 shots land directly on the edge of the aim circle. But that's not the only effect. The change "squeezes" the distribution, concentrating the shots towards the middle of the aim circle as can be seen by comparing the 8.5 (Red) and 8.6 (Blue) distributions in the image below:
Red represents, effectively, 8.5, and Blue represents 8.6. The wiki saves me the trouble of making an image again!
Now, it's all well and good to show you in the abstract what will change, but that's not how we experience shooting in game. Fortunately, someone already beat me to this part and made a couple of images illustrating how we can expect to see a set of individual shots:
Taifuuni's illustration of the change in shot distribution
So basically, more of your shots are going to be near the center of the circle, more closely concentrated at your point of aim. I would expect that everyone's first response is "Guns guns are getting more accurate!" Unfortunately, at this point I must put on my pendant pants. In my engineering education, someone put me through a big discussion on the difference between precision and accuracy and it stuck.
Guns in WoT have always been perfectly accurate. What they are not, however, is precise. Shots always average hitting the aim point. However, they do not always hit the target, rather they disperse over a rather large area. What this change will do is make all the guns in the game more precise as they will hit closer to center of the aim point.
Now, just how much more precise are we getting?
To measure precision, we probably want to compute something that tells us how far from the aim point we hit. I am going to use the average miss distance as our measure of precision, since direction doesn't change anything. That means (since we're only dealing with distances from the aim point) that our distribution is the half-normal distribution, the absolute value of a normal distribution.
The wiki says that gun accuracy is a 2 SD measure, but the FTR article suggests that shots will only deviate up to 1.3. I suspect that both may be right in that their way, so that while tanks have an accuracy given as the 2 SD measure, shots will never miss by that much.
Calculating it out, in 8.5, the average shot misses by 0.707 Standard Deviations, while those in 8.6 will miss, on average, by 0.79712 Standard Deviations. But I thought our guns were getting more precise?
They are, but not due to the change in the RNG. The precision is coming from the change in the definition of the Accuracy stat: Where once it was 2 SDs, it is now 3 SDs. So each Standard Deviation is 2/3rds the size of the old ones. Net Result is more precision. How much more?
Changes in the hit probability of the feared 183mm gun. Don't worry, it still hurts just as much.
It could be considered equivalent to giving everyone a 33% buff to accuracy along with the bonus of dealing with fewer shots hitting the edges of the circle. Except they didn't buff everyone, now did they?
One of the things WG said they wanted to do was leave the accuracy of artillery mostly unaffected. To do this they nerfed most artillery's accuracy value by 50%, which happens to just leave artillery with the same Standard Deviations as before.
The 261's 180mm gun will still hit just as often, it'll just miss by more when it misses.
Except that I just showed above that tanks will end up hitting further away, standard deviation wise, than before. Thus the change in the RNG is, in some ways, a nerf to Artillery, about 12%. Each shot will, on average, hit 12.7% further away from the Aim Point than before.
1. All non-artillery pieces will have improved hit probability and miss their aim-point by smaller distances
2. Non-Artillery will have a small (~5%) chance of missing further from the aim-point than it used to
3. Artillery has the EXACT SAME chance to hit a target as it used to
4. Artillery will, however, miss it's aim-point by a bit more than it used to, meaning a little less splash damage on average
Hopefully this helps you better understand the 8.6 changes.
Wednesday, March 13, 2013
Special Thank You To
In a nice little deal with, we have expanded our collection of replays nearly five-fold to nearly 60k. That means that will have their replays backed up for future contingencies, while we get humongous extra set of data!
Friday, February 15, 2013
Up we go!
Since we now have a model, however mediocre it may be, of tier one battles, let's extending it to add in tier two tanks. This shouldn't be too hard, tier one and tier two tanks fight each other a lot, so I went ahead and pulled a data-set of all battles featuring exclusively tier 1 and 2 tanks. That, by the way, is over 8000 battles
The first thing to look at is the Match Maker. First let's look at the distribution of numbers of tier 1s and 2s:
It's symmetric, which means I didn't mess up this time
First things to notice: There are no battles where tier 1s participate with less than 12 total tier 2s, 6 for each side. Second, it is MUCH rarer for a tier 2 tank to get into an all tier 2 battle than for tier 1s to be in all tier 1 battles, just as we would expect. Third, battles where there are more tier 2s on one side than the other don't occur infrequently, but they are rarer than equal numbers on each side (look at the odd numbers).
So, that's interesting, but what about the distribution of battles that Tier 1 tanks get? Let's count the number of Tier 2 tanks and see what we find:
I have more charts where that came from!
So, firstly, ~43% of the time a Tier 1 goes into battle, it will only see tier 1 tanks. The rest of the time at least a third of the tanks in the battle will be Tier 2 tanks. Now, as I mentioned above, the teams aren't always 'fair', in fact 26% of the time, there will be more Tier 2s on one side than the other. That's not terrible, most of it can likely be attributed to platoons.
Another interesting item I found, which at first confused me, is that Tier 2 Artillery can get into battles where all the tanks are Tier 2. In all 1308 battles where there are only tier 2 tanks present, this happened only 4 times. The obvious answer is that these are actually battle tier 3 battles which happen to be missing tier 3 tanks, but the amusing part is that it can happen.
To continue on down the road, I'm going to use the tier one model we put together last post to get a first look and see how well it matches our data. If you don't remember, this is what that model looked like:
TankOdds Ratio
T1 Cunningham1
Renault NC-_PHONE_
Renault FT-_PHONE_
Vickers Med. Mk. 10.8563
Unsurprisingly, this model doesn't perform all that great


text:
Revista mexicana de biodiversidad
versión impresa ISSN _PHONE_
The species of Psocoptera currently known for Brazil are listed, with state distribution and biogeographic status. The categories of geographic distribution are discussed, as well as some of the evidence indicating that the present size of the Brazilian fauna is underestimated.
Palabras llave : Psocodea; Psocoptera; Brazil; geographic distribution.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


every two construct HD the servant has (not counting the first time).
 - Professional: Select 1 Craft, Perform, or Profession skill. The living servant gains a +6 to skill checks related to that craft.
 - Pugilism: The living servant's unarmed strike deals 1d6 damage and may be lethal or nonlethal. Each time this specialization is taken, increase the living servant's unarmed strike damage one step up the monk table. This specialization may only be taken a number of extra times equal to the living servant's construct HD divided by 4.
 - Research: The living servant gains a +2 competence bonus to Appraise, Concentration, Decipher Script, all Knowledge, Spellcraft, and Use Magic Device skill checks.
 - Skillful: Add 2 to the number of skill points gained at each level or HD. If this ability is taken at the first level or HD, these points are quadrupled as normal. The Living Servant cannot gain more than 8 + Int modifier skill points at any level or HD except the first.
 - Survival: The Living Servant gains +2 to a single save. This specialization may not increase any save it affects above the "good save" value for a creature of its HD.
 - Talented: Increase 1 of the living servant's attributes by 2.
 - Weapons Prodigy: The living servant is now proficient with all simple weapons. If proficient with all simple weapons, it becomes proficient with all martial weapons. If proficient with all simple and martial weapons, the living servant selects 3 exotic weapons to be proficient with.
Uncanny Similarity (Ex): A living servant heals as a normal humanoid. It can eat, breath, and simulate sleep by remaining inactive for a length of time, though he gains no benefit from the first two. A living servant without class levels picks two weapons and one armor type, and is proficient with the selected weapons and armor.
Unlike most constructs, a living servant is designed to learn and adapt. It gains skill points equal to (4 + Int modifier, minimum 1) per level, with quadruple skill points for it's first skill die. If it takes a level in a class with less skill points, use this skill point progression instead. With all these similarities, a living servant gains a +(1 * HD) untyped modifier to Disguise checks made to pass themselves off as humanoids.
A living servant is formed from large quantities of iron (may be substituted with unspoiled blood), ground up into powder and mixed with clay and spring water. The materials required costs 200 gp. The creature's master must be the one to assemble the body. Creating the body requires a DC 20 Craft (sculpting) check or a DC 20 Craft (pottery) check.
Alternately, a recently deceased medium humanoid's body may be used at no cost and no needed assembly, but the body must be in pristine condition and this is an evil action if not given the express permission of the person whose body is to be used. The resulting construct will bare at least a strong resemblance to the original creature, if not identical, and retains some of the original's personality. It does not retain any of the original's abilities, however.
After the body is sculpted (or obtained), it is animated through an extended magical ritual that requires a specially prepared laboratory or workroom, similar to an alchemist's laboratory and costing 500 gp to establish. The building and the ritual can be performed together.
A living servant can be created with additional HD, Specializations, and/or class levels. Each additional Hit Die adds +2,000 gp to the cost to create, extra Specializations cost +4,000gp, while adding class levels costs XP equal to the amount required to gain that level (the first class level costs 500 XP). The total number of Specializations cannot exceed the Living Servant's HD.
Craft Construct, charm person, mending, unseen servant, caster must be at least 4th level, creatures without souls cannot create any living servants; Price — (never sold); Cost 1,575 gp + 117 XP.
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The James Laurie Prize was established by the Society on October 1, 1912, and is named in honor of the first President of the Society. In the period from 1912 through 1965, the prize was awarded under the rules for the Thomas Fitch Rowland Prize for the paper judged to be next in order of merit. By action of the Board of Direction in October 1964, beginning in 1966, the prize is now awarded on the basis of contributions to the advancement of transportation engineering. It is administered by the
Transportation and Development Institute
through the Honors and Awards Program.


text:
Wonkido Visual Organizer
The Wonkido Visual Organizer addresses the area of Teaching and Learning, with a parent outreach component. Successful teaching and learning needs to include support from the home.
Children today are growing up in an information age. Access to technology is assumed and having the skills to use technology in the future is implied. Children need to learn at an early age the benefits of technology and how to responsibly integrate it into their lives for more than social communication. Teaching children early is important to establish guidelines about technology and how it is used.
The Wonkido Visual Organizer is an individualized learning tool designed to teach children executive functioning skills such as organization and planning, while collaborating with other educators and parents. The executive functioning skills make up the operating manual to time management and organization, skills both children and adults need for better life management. The Wonkido Visual Organizer, utilizes the power of cloud computing and mobile technology, to both teach important executive functioning skills as well as collaborate with parents and educators working together to help children succeed.
Individualized learning is the future of education and Wonkido empowers children to learn how to independently manage their own time while still receiving guidance and oversight by parents and teachers. The Organizer uses eye-catching visual displays for a customized personal schedule and daily organization with images to retain focus and aid comprehension, as well as allowing a child to add to their own schedule teaching planning and prioritizing. The program offers a customized goal oriented rewards program to help motivate children who need additional incentives for behavior. As educators, it is essential to introduce and practice these skills with children early so they have a grasp on organizing their time and activities as they continue to higher education.
Another great feature the Visual Organizer offers is a system for communication between parents and teachers. The Organizer allows for teachers to view schedules, assign homework, and communicate with parents through a message system. This feature of the organizer creates a successful learning environment because everyone is in constant communication. Parents and teachers can avoid waiting to hear back from one another about unanswered questions. Teachers can easily access and respond to any problem the parents or students are having!
Teachers are able to manage groups of students, assigning a single activity to a child's schedule, and viewing activity reports to compare the time it takes each student to complete the same task. Wonkido allows for class discussion both anonymously as well as with a child's name to allow easier social comments regarding an activity. All visible by other teachers and parents to stay coordinated and involved in what happens at school. Learning doesn't have to stop when school is over, and the cloud base of the Wonkido Organizer allows a student to stay organized and connected 24/7.
The Wonkido's Visual Organizer is perfect for teaching children critical executive functioning skills, like organization, time management, and goal setting. It provides early success for children who have the opportunity to develop skills for an easier transition at school and as life becomes more challenging.
The Wonkido Organizer was just released October 2012 on iTunes. In just the month since the release The Wonkdio Organizer is already being used by therapist and teachers at public and private school nationwide.
- Category: Education
- Released: 09 October 2012
- Version: 01
- Age: Preschool-Adult
- Compatible with iPad. Requires iOS 5.1 or later.
by Wendy Marshall, Appy Lady Admin – completed Nov 26, 2012
What I Liked About This App:
. The app targets exactly what it intends – organisation, independence, time management skills.
. It best suits students who are able to complete daily tasks, but just need help with completing them independently or within a certain time frame.
. For organisational skills, the child is helped to:
- Follow multiple steps in a sequence,
- Complete a task to completion,
- Stay on task independently.
. You can coordinate tasks across multiple environments. This helps to make the child's progress transparent to everyone involved in the child's program – you can link different people to be able to view your child's progress.
. This app helps your child take more responsibility for achieving organisation and independence goals.
. It also helps the adults be honest with what everyone is expecting from your child. In addition, it helps to see what the child needs to do over the whole day, across home and school for example, so the child is not overloaded.
. Rewards can be earned – you can set the number of points per activity. Higher points might be given to help motivate your child complete more challenging or high priority tasks.
. All adults can view the child's progress.
. A message board facilitates easy communication between people involved.
. The child can use the organiser in any environment – home, therapy, school. It's one consistent system that can apply to their whole day, irrespective of environment.
. The physical arrangement is appealing and easy to follow.
. This system will save a lot of time in printing off schedule pictures. The activities can be saved and used at any time.
. You can set a timer for tasks – fantastic for those kids that can do the task but lack the intrinsic motivation to complete the tasks in a timely manner. The timer gives great motivation!
. You can log-in from a range of devices, such as the iPad and / or the computer! This offered great flexibility. I found the computer to be the best way to set-up the system.
Things That I Found Tricky:
« Becoming familiar with the program. It took some time to navigate through the different components of the program but this time investment is well worth it.
« The images filter by words used in the instruction. Perhaps having a greater number of images available per view would save some time scrolling through. There are some cultural differences for vocabulary and images so perhaps in future updates these might be included. You can add your own images, but this feature did take a little extra time than expected.
« The video tutorials were good, but the sound quality wasn't always clear. There appear to be some more recent updates that provide pop-up prompts and these look great.
Some Tips On Use:
– When you first start programming the activities and schedule I found it helpful to:
- Spend the first few days programming activities and instructions as I was actually doing the activities with my child. This way the programming occurred in the moment and I knew exactly what needed to go into the schedule and instructions.
- By taking the iPad with me, I could take photos of the activities and / or items so these were already in my photo library so it was simpler and easier to add these to the schedule in my 'programming days'.
– Start with key activities that occur frequently over the days or weeks. I might have only one or two activities each day, but this made it easier to get to know the app / program. As I became familiar with the app I added more activities and tasks.
– Start with short, simple instructions. Then combine two shorter instructions to form one longer instruction, e.g., "Make your bed" + "Pack your bag" = "Make your bed, then pack your bag". Gradually add harder 'time' words, e.g., "First, make your bed, then pack your bag", "Make your bed before you pack your bag".
– By using different wording, but keeping the meaning / sequence the same, you can teach different language concepts. When these are mastered, use more complex terms that change the order of the sequence.
– As your child becomes more independent with routine, everyday tasks, give less points or rewards for these.
– Give more points or rewards for new or challenging tasks.
– Add social praise and encouragement in your instructions for activities, e.g., "Make my bed", "Pack my Bag", "Great getting ready for school!", "Brush my teeth".
– Write the instructions from your child's perspective – this can help map your child's internal dialogue to themselves so they can begin to internalise the instructions and sequences, and increase independence away from the visual reminders eventually.
Overall, I really like this app and would recommend it to others. Great job Wonkidos!!
Why did you decide to develop this app?
This app has a huge range of children who would benefit from using a visual schedule and organization. I have found that for children with visual learning or developmental learning needs, the Wonkido Organizer plays a huge part in helping their motivation as well as organization. A teacher said it best when she said that for students with special needs the Wonkido Organizer is need to help a student succeed, however their is a huge benefit for all students regardless of development. Every child needs to learn organization and how to manage their own schedule. Most of the time we expect a child in middle school to know how to manage their workload, yet they have not been taught or given a tool in which they can learn from. Students from 5 – 15 would greatly benefit from the use of the organizer.
Thank you so much for sharing your insights into your new app. I hope this has helped people understand our wonderful this app is.


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William Sharp, one of the first chromolithographic printers in the U.S., created these extraordinary illustrations for the large folio Victoria Regia (1854) by John Fisk Allen. Allen, a well-known horticulturalist, cultivated a specimen of the rare, huge (up to 8 feet in diameter), fast-growing (up to an inch an hour!) water lily, native to the Amazon. After months of careful tending, the plant—named in honor of the recently-crowned Queen Victoria—blossomed on the evening of July 21, 1853. Sharp's depictions of this exotic wonder—in various stages of bloom—were masterpieces and elevated the then-nascent art of chromolithography to spectacular new heights.
image captions: All images are from a copy of Victoria Regia in our collections. Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens.


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With Isaac poised to make landfall in the same areas of the Gulf Coast struck by Hurricane Katrina seven years ago, the American Red Cross has a series of tips for families and individuals in the region that may experience anxiety about the storm and anniversary.
"The combination of the approaching storm and Katrina anniversary will likely cause increased fear and unease for residents in New Orleans and along coastal communities as people relive difficult emotions," said Rob Yin, manager of disaster mental health, American Red Cross. "It's important that people remember to take care of themselves and make appropriate disaster preparations to stay safe which can also help to reduce stress. Don't forget to reach out to others to offer or get help if you need it."
Across multiple states along the Gulf, the Red Cross has launched a large disaster response as Isaac affects millions of lives with strong winds, heavy rain, flooding and coastal surges. Last night, nearly 800 people found a safe haven in 52 shelters open in five states. In addition, the Red Cross has mobilized 2,400 disaster workers, prepositioned 290,000 ready-to-eat meals and activated 187 emergency response vehicles from across the country to help. The Red Cross is also coordinating with multiple partners including a variety of civic groups, advocacy organizations, professional organizations and houses of worship to share their expertise and volunteers.
The Red Cross recommends that people be mindful that community members and disaster workers could experience anniversary reactions now or in the near future. Reactions can range from a mild upset for a day or two, to a stronger version with anxiety or depression. Most people will feel better within a week or two after the anniversary date as stress responses usually become less frequent and less severe over time.
Anniversary reactions could include:
- Experiencing similar feelings and thoughts that occurred during the event like sadness, fearfulness or uncertainty;
- Feeling the need to avoid events, places or people that are connected to the anniversary;
- Feeling nervous, on edge, jumpy or quick to anger;
- Difficulty sleeping, focusing or concentrating;
- Experiencing fatigue, pain, headaches or stomachaches; and
The following actions can help families and individuals cope with anniversary stress reactions:
- Stay informed and be prepared. If in the potential path of an approaching storm, pay attention to information and warnings from local authorities.
- Eat healthy. During times of stress it is important to maintain a balanced diet and drink plenty of water;
- Get some rest. Giving your mind and body a break can help you cope with stress;
- Stay connected with family and friends. Giving and receiving support is one of the most important things you can do;
- Be patient with yourself and those around you. Recognize that people may need time to put their feelings and thoughts in order;
- Stay positive. Remind yourself how you've successfully coped with stress in the past. Reach out when you need support, and help others when they need it.
- Reach out to a Red Cross Disaster Mental Health or community mental health professional for support, if the actions above don't help or to get more support. You can also contact the 24 hour National Disaster Distress Hotline at _PHONE_.
Isaac is predicted to trigger a large and prolonged disaster response with major flooding across several states. You can help the victims of Tropical Storm Isaac and other disaster events in Louisiana by making a financial gift to American Red Cross. Your gift enables the Red Cross to prepare for and provide shelter, food, emotional support and other assistance in response to disasters. People can call, click or text to donate by visiting _URL_, calling 1-800-RED CROSS (_PHONE_) or texting REDCROSS to 90999 to make a $10 donation.


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AROUND THE WORLD
AROUND THE WORLD; Liechtenstein Women Win Right to Vote
Published: July 2, 1984
VADUZ, Liechtenstein, July 1— In a referendum today, the men of this constitutional monarchy narrowly granted women the right to vote.
With about 85 percent of the electorate voting, 2,370 men, or 51.3 percent, voted in favor of womens' suffrage, with 2,251, or 48.7 percent, voting against.
The vote ended majority opposition that in referendums in 1971 and 1973 blocked women from getting the right to vote. It was a victory for Prince Hans Adam, the de facto ruler of the principality, which is the size of Washington, D.C., and has a population of 26,000.
Prince Adam has been in charge of the country since his father, Franz Josef II, 77 years old, Europe's longestreigning ruler, relinquished his responsibilities but not his title to the throne earlier this year.


Arc diagram
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
An arc diagram of the Goldner–Harary graph. The red dashed line segment shows where this graph was subdivided to make it Hamiltonian.
In graph drawing, an arc diagram is a style of graph drawing, in which the vertices of a graph are placed along a line in the Euclidean plane, with edges being drawn as semicircles in one of the two halfplanes bounded by the line, or as smooth curves formed by sequences of semicircles. In some cases, line segments of the line itself are also allowed as edges, as long as they connect only vertices that are consecutive along the line.
The use of the phrase "arc diagram" for this kind of drawings follows the use of a similar type of diagram by Wattenberg (2002) to visualize the repetition patterns in strings, by using arcs to connect pairs of equal substrings. However, this style of graph drawing is much older than its name, dating back to the work of Saaty (1964) and Nicholson (1968), who used arc diagrams to study crossing numbers of graphs. An older but less frequently used name for arc diagrams is linear embeddings.[1]
Heer, Bostock & Ogievetsky (2010) write that arc diagrams "may not convey the overall structure of the graph as effectively as a two-dimensional layout", but that their layout makes it easy to display multivariate data associated with the vertices of the graph.
Planar graphs[edit]
As Nicholson (1968) observed, every embedding of a graph in the plane may be deformed into an arc diagram, without changing its number of crossings. In particular, every planar graph has a planar arc diagram. However, this embedding may need to use more than one semicircle for some of its edges.
If a graph is drawn without crossings using an arc diagram in which each edge is a single semicircle, then the drawing is a two-page book embedding, something that is only possible for the subhamiltonian graphs, a subset of the planar graphs.[2] For instance, a maximal planar graph has such an embedding if and only if it contains a Hamiltonian cycle. Therefore, a non-Hamiltonian maximal planar graph such as the Goldner–Harary graph cannot have a planar embedding with one semicircle per edge. Testing whether a given graph has a crossing-free arc diagram of this type (or equivalently, whether it has pagenumber two) is NP-complete.[3]
However, every planar graph has an arc diagram in which each edge is drawn as a biarc with at most two semicircles. More strongly, every st-planar directed graph (a planar directed acyclic graph with a single source and a single sink, both on the outer face) has an arc diagram in which every edge forms a monotonic curve, with these curves all consistently oriented from one end of the vertex line towards the other.[4] For undirected planar graphs, one way to construct an arc diagram with at most two semicircles per edge is to subdivide the graph and add extra edges so that the resulting graph has a Hamiltonian cycle (and so that each edge is subdivided at most once), and to use the ordering of the vertices on the Hamiltonian cycle as the ordering along the line.[5]
Minimizing crossings[edit]
Because it is NP-complete to test whether a given graph has an arc diagram with one semicircle per edge and no crossings, it is also NP-hard to find an arc diagram of this type that minimizes the number of crossings. This crossing minimization problem remains NP-hard, for non-planar graphs, even if the ordering of the vertices along the line is fixed.[1] However, in the fixed-ordering case, an embedding without crossings (if one exists) may be found in polynomial time by translating the problem into a 2-satisfiability problem, in which the variables represent the placement of each arc and the constraints prevent crossing arcs from being placed on the same side of the vertex line.[6] Additionally, in the fixed-ordering case, a crossing-minimizing embedding may be approximated by solving a maximum cut problem in an auxiliary graph that represents the semicircles and their potential crossings (or equivalently, by approximating the MAX2SAT version of the 2-satisfiability instance).[7]
Cimikowski & Shope (1996), Cimikowski (2002), and He, Sýkora & Vrt'o (2005) discuss heuristics for finding arc diagrams with few crossings.
Clockwise orientation[edit]
For drawings of directed graphs, a common convention is to draw each arc in a clockwise direction, so that arcs that are directed from an earlier to a later vertex in the sequence are drawn above the vertex line, and arcs directed from a later to an earlier vertex are drawn below the line. This clockwise orientation convention was developed as part of a different graph drawing style by Fekete et al. (2003), and applied to arc diagrams by Pretorius & van Wijk (2007).
Other uses[edit]
Arc diagrams were used by Brandes (1999) to visualize the state diagram of a shift register, and by Djidjev & Vrt'o (2002) to show that the crossing number of every graph is at least quadratic in its cutwidth.
 1. ^ a b Masuda et al. (1990).
 2. ^ The application of semicircles to edge layout in book embeddings was already made by Bernhart & Kainen (1979), but the explicit connection of arc diagrams with two-page book embeddings seems tо be due to Masuda et al. (1990).
 3. ^ Chung, Leighton & Rosenberg (1987).
 4. ^ Giordano et al. (2007).
 5. ^ Bekos et al. (2013).
 6. ^ Efrat, Erten & Kobourov (2007).
 7. ^ Cimikowski & Mumey (2007).


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The flash provides a way to pass temporary objects between actions. Anything you place in the flash will be exposed to the very next action and then cleared out. This is a great way of doing notices and alerts, such as a create action that sets flash[:notice] = "Post successfully created" before redirecting to a display action that can then expose the flash to its template. Actually, that exposure is automatically done. Example:
class PostsController < ActionController::Base def create # save post flash[:notice] = "Post successfully created" redirect_to posts_path(_USER_) end def show # doesn't need to assign the flash notice to the template, that's done automatically end end show.html.erb <% if flash[:notice] %> <%= flash[:notice] %> <% end %>
Since the notice and alert keys are a common idiom, convenience accessors are available:
flash.alert = "You must be logged in" flash.notice = "Post successfully created"
This example just places a string in the flash, but you can put any object in there. And of course, you can put as many as you like at a time too. Just remember: They'll be gone by the time the next action has been performed.
See docs on the FlashHash class for more details about the flash.


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Stroop Test is a method of studying automatic processing. In
this test, participants see colored words (e. g. green) printed
in either the color the word refers to or another color (e.g. red).
When the print color is different from the color word, participants
usually take longer to name the print color than when the word and
the color match.


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Access Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) is a suite of healthcare databases and related software tools developed through a Federal-State-Industry partnership to build a multi-state system of healthcare databases supportive of research and decision-making. HCUP databases contain a core set of clinical and non-clinical information found in a typical patient discharge abstract: listed diagnoses and procedures, status at time of discharge, patient demographics, and charges regardless of payer (e.g., Medicare, Medicaid, private insurance, or uninsured.) The information is translated into a single format to facilitate both multi-state and national-to-state comparisons. HCUP is sponsored by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) as part of its mission to improve the quality, safety, efficiency and effectiveness of the U.S. healthcare system.
Keywords: demographics, health statistics, healthcare administration, healthcare policy, healthcare system, hospitals, Medicare/Medicaid, public health, statistical


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How to: Create Application Settings
In the following procedure, you manually create a wrapper class that derives from ApplicationSettingsBase. To this class you add a publicly accessible property for each application setting that you want to expose.
You can also perform this procedure using minimal code in the Visual Studio designer. Also see How to: Create Application Settings Using the Designer.
To create new Application Settings programmatically
 1. Add a new class to your project, and rename it. For this procedure, we will call this class MyUserSettings. Change the class definition so that the class derives from ApplicationSettingsBase.
 2. Define a property on this wrapper class for each application setting you require, and apply that property with either the ApplicationScopedSettingAttribute or UserScopedSettingAttribute, depending on the scope of the setting. For more information about settings scope, see Application Settings Overview. By now, your code should look like this:
 using System;
 using System.Configuration;
 using System.Drawing;
 public class MyUserSettings : ApplicationSettingsBase
 public Color BackgroundColor
 return ((Color)this["BackgroundColor"]);
 this["BackgroundColor"] = (Color)value;
 3. Create an instance of this wrapper class in your application. It will commonly be a private member of the main form. Now that you have defined your class, you need to bind it to a property; in this case, the BackColor property of your form. You can accomplish this in your form's Load event handler.
 MyUserSettings mus;
 private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
 mus = new MyUserSettings();
 mus.BackgroundColor = Color.AliceBlue;
 this.DataBindings.Add(new Binding("BackColor", mus, "BackgroundColor"));
 4. If you provide a way to change settings at run time, you will need to save the user's current settings to disk when your form closes, or else these changes will be lost.
 //Make sure to hook up this event handler in the constructor!
 //this.FormClosing += new FormClosingEventHandler(Form1_FormClosing);
 void Form1_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
© 2015 Microsoft


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Red Bay is named for the reddish cliffs found along the local shoreline. Between 1550 and 1600, Red Bay was the site of Buttes, a major Basque whaling station. A whaling ship, the San Juan, lost in 1567 in Red Bay Harbour, is the oldest shipwreck north of the Caribbean and one of the best preserved. After 1600, the whaling station was abandoned mainly due to the reduction of the whale stocks.
In the 18th century, Red Bay was a Canadian fur trading post. Red Bay became a Newfoundland fishing station in the 1800s. The first census was in 1856, and it showed 72 people settled in Red Bay; it increased to 152 by 1891. Dr. Wilfred Grenfell helped to establish the first co-operative at Red Bay in 1896.
In the 1950s and 1960s, many families moved to Red Bay from outlying fishing stations, and in the 1960s the first road was constructed. By the 1970s, archaeological work began and this led to Red Bay becoming an historical site and making tourism an important industry for the town. Red Bay was incorporated as a town in 1973.


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Panel members at the time of adoption
Note: The full opinion will be published in accordance with Article 12 of Regulation (EC) No 1331/2008 once the decision on confidentiality will be received from the European Commission.
The food enzyme α‐amylase (1,4‐α‐d‐glucan glucanohydrolase; EC 22.214.171.124) is produced with a non‐genetically modified Parageobacillus thermoglucosidasius strain DP‐Gzb47 by Danisco US Inc. The α‐amylase food enzyme is intended to be used in brewing processes and distilled alcohol production. Since residual amounts of the food enzyme are removed by distillation, dietary exposure was only calculated for brewing processes. Based on the maximum use levels recommended for brewing processes, and individual data from the EFSA Comprehensive European Food Database, dietary exposure to the food enzyme–Total Organic Solids (TOS) was estimated to be up to 0.880 mg TOS/kg body weight (bw) per day in European populations. As the production strain of P. thermoglucosidasius meets the requirements for a Qualified Presumption of Safety (QPS) approach, no toxicological data are required. Similarity of the amino acid sequence to those of known allergens was searched for and no match was found. The Panel considered that under the intended conditions of use, other than distilled alcohol production, the risk of allergic sensitisation and elicitation reactions by dietary exposure cannot be excluded, but the likelihood for this to occur is considered to be low. Based on the data provided, the Panel concluded that this food enzyme does not give rise to safety concerns under the intended conditions of use.


Twisting not only generates an easily recognisable pattern with just a straight laminate, it's also one of the most important operations in making a lot of other patterns.
Making a simple "twist pattern" is relatively straightforward, but there are a few important things to know to get the most out of your twists. The basic steps of a regular twist pattern are:
 1. Create a straight laminate billet
 2. Draw it down, as evenly as possible, to a square cross section (The size here determines a few things that are discussed below).
 3. Forge the sharp corners back into the billet, making it slightly octagon shaped.
 4. Heat the billet as evenly as possbile
 5. Clamp one end of the heated billet in a vise and begin to twist the other end with a twisting wrench
 6. Once you're happy with the twist of your billet, reheat it
 7. Wire brush and flux the twisted billet
 8. Forge the billet back to square at a welding heat. This will cause the "corners" to weld back into the billet as you work it. Make sure to brush well and flux after each of these heats.
 9. Draw your billet into a bar
 10. Grind your billet clean, making sure to remove any surface defects or cold shuts left from the "corners" in twisting.
Sounds simple right? :) It is, but there are a few potential trouble spots. See the patterning operations section for more information on twisting.
There are a few variations on the twist pattern that greatly affect how the pattern looks.
Layer count
How many layers are in your billet prior to twisting has a dramatic effect on what your pattern will look like. A low layer count twist will be very bold and striking, as in the this picture.
A higher layer count will yeild a much more fine pattern sometimes referred to as a "Maiden's Hair" pattern.
Again, there are no hard and fast rules to how you build your billets. Alternate bands of higher layered steel with single pieces for a bold twist that has some fine details when closely inspected. Stack your steel in different chicknesses and see what happens, come up with anything you like and just go for it. Twisting will take things that may seem not at all exciting and make them amazing.
Rate of Twist.
What I call "Rate of Twist" is basically how tightly you twist your billet. Most people, even very experienced 'smiths, would be suprised at how many twists a given piece of steel can handle without any ill effects. For the sake of simplicity, I'll refer to rate of twist in "twists per inch" as it makes for a very consistant method of explaining how much twist a given pattern needs. For example, if you have a billet that is 8″ long and you assume you will have 1″ at each end that you won't be twisting (for the vise and wrench to grab) and a pattern calls for "1 twist per inch" you would twist that remaining 6″ section 6 full rotations.
A loosely twisted billet of less than 1 twist per inch will have a rather "open" appearance to the pattern (as pictured above). At 2-3 twists per inch you're creating a twist suitable for a "Star Pattern" billet. 5 twists per inch is about right for a multi-bar "Turkish Twist" pattern. Greater than 5 twists per inch is very tight and you'll start to see some interesting differences in your pattern.
Size of Bar Prior to Twisting
Because of the fact that a square billet is rarely desired, most twists will be drawn down into a bar. The size of the twisted bar compared to the size of the finished bar can have a dramatic effect on your pattern. This is due to the fact that as you flatten a square bar, you will be drawing it lengthwise as you go. As you draw the bar in length you "stretch" the twist out. the larger the twisted bar, the more drawing you must do and hence, the more stretching of your twist will be seen. For this reason I generally increase the rate of twist slightly over what I THINK I need. That way, when the bar is drawn down the observed rate of twist will be what I expected.
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Tips to Reduce Hard Drive Usage
Here are some tips on how to reduce the amount of hard drive space for mail:
- If you are on IMAP, unsubscribe from folders that are infrequently used by selecting "Subscribe..." from File menu.
- Delete older messages that are no longer needed.
- Empty your Trash and Junk folders.
- Periodically compact your folders by selecting "Compact Folders" from the File menu. Additionally, you can set thresholds for when folders should be automatically compressed by going to Preferences|Options / Advanced / Network & Disk Space / and set a lower number for compacting.
- You can prevent message bodies from being indexed on an account-by-account basis. Go to Preferences|Options / Accounts / [your account] / Local Storage and deselect indexing for message bodies.
Additionally, if you are using Gmail:
- Limit the number of messages that appear in IMAP folders. This can be adjusted at Gmail on the Web / Settings / Forwarding and IMAP tab / Folder Size Limits. Try setting these limits to a smaller number.
- Unsubscribe from the Gmail "Important" folder if you are not actively using that label.
- Consider unsubscribing from the All Mail folder, and use a different folder for Archiving.
- Consider using Postbox Topics instead of Postbox Labels, as each time you use a Gmail Label it creates another copy of the message in Postbox.


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A Digital Mathematical Performance to Support the Physical Embodiment of Balanced Equations
Stephen Chen, Steven Khan, Alireza Moghaddam, Immaculate Namukasa, and Darren Stanley
One of the topics of exploration at the UWO Symposium on Digital Mathematical Performance was on how the combination of physical performances and digital technologies could improve mathematics teaching. Our working group developed, performed, and recorded a skit that attempts to help students learn the concept of balanced/imbalanced equations with respect to the process of solving equations.
The following eight video clips in.wmv (original recording and smaller downloads) and.mp4 formats represent the key highlights of our presentation at the UWO Symposium.
Video 1 -- The Skit
In the skit, one of the actors is carrying a heavy load of single items and grouped items. The actor wants to balance this load -- i.e. carry the same amount in each arm. Upon reaching his destination, the actor needs to be unloaded in such a way that he remains in balance at all times. A result of this unloading process is that a set of single items eventually balances a set (of one) grouped items -- and thus isolating and solving for the unknown. In the process of unloading, several common errors are enacted that cause the actor to become imbalanced. The actor over reacts to these situations and creates a physically embodied understanding for the concept of balanced/imbalanced equations.
There are several goals to this skit. First, there is the goal of teaching the topics of balanced/imbalanced equations and the solving of equations. To help students learn the concept of imbalanced equations, a physical movement/full-body gesture is created. It is hoped that teachers and students will be inspired by our performance and re-enact the skit. It is hypothesized that the physical embodiment of the mathematical concept and the opportunity to role-play will both help the students to learn the mathematical material better.
Video 2 -- The Mathematics of the Skit
The actor in the skit is carrying one bag and three cups in one hand
and two bags and one cup in the other. Thus, the equation is x +
3 = 2x + 1. To isolate x quickly, a student might take the 3 away
from the left hand side -- which leads to an imbalance. Upon
learning that they have to take away from both sides, a common error is
to take away a unit from one side and a group from the other.
These two common errors are part of the skit. Another error that
was not acted is to remove all of the units (e.g. 3 from the left and 1
from the right).
It is hoped that the students will enjoy the skit. And, just as important, it is hoped that by performing the skit, it will help them learn the associated mathematics more easily. Similar to the expected classroom use of this digital mathematical performance, the skit and the role playing are done first and then followed by the mathematical lesson.
Video 3 -- The Digital Mathematical Performance
In this video, we discuss the purpose of the skit.
Video 4 -- The Lesson Goals
In this video, we discuss the objectives of the skit in terms of a classroom lesson plan.
Video 5 -- A Relevant On-line Resource
To follow up with the skit, we suggest the following on-line resource which we believe is highly relevant. This on-line resource allows equations to be balanced and solved in an animated visualization.
Video 6 -- Why use Digitial Mathematical Performances?
In this video, we discuss the potential benefits to using a digital mathematical performance to teach the topic of balanced/imbalanced equations.
Video 7 -- David Pimm discusses Physical
Rituals as a part of Learning
In this video, David Pimm provides an example of how a gesture used to help students learn a mathematical concept then become almost a required physical ritual that was a part of the mathematical concept.
Video 8 -- John Mighton discusses how to handle
One of the limitations of the skit (and of the selected model/metaphor) is that it doesn't handle negative values. In this video, John Mighton describes how he has taught the topic in such a way as to avoid this limitation.


Joro Experiences Shakti Jamshyd Sethna
In Conversation With Jamshyd Sethna
Words by Henry Comyn
In conversation with Shakti's owner Jamshyd, Joro's co-founder Henry finds out where the idea for Shakti came from and what it takes to create a successful business in the remote Himalayas.
Joro Experiences Iceland Rolling The Dice
Rolling The Dice
Photos and words by Tom Mcnally
The view that greeted me was so astounding it actually made me step backwards. Beyond the bow, wind-whipped waves glistened in sunlight as we entered a wide fjord.
Joro Experiences Honey Hunters Nepal Prayer Flags Mountain Peak
The Honey Hunters of Nepal
Words by Henry Comyn
The Gurung tribesmen of Nepal scale hundreds of metres up cliff faces to collect potent honey. As the pressure on the hiking regions increases, tourism options are beginning to diversify into the world of the honey hunters.
Wet Toes
Written by Tom McNally
This is what we had come for. We were deep in the Icelandic highlands. The nearest tarmac was three days' long ride and we had no idea where the nearest human being was. The sense of freedom was palpable.


erobes: will use oxygen if present, but can survive without it
Moisture: dissolved nutrients enter bacteria through their cell walls. Therefore, for bacteria to survive, they need to be surrounded by available water. This available water is referred to as water activity (aW). It indicates the amount of free (unbound) water present. Water activity ranges from values between 0.00 and 1.00 where 1.00 is the maximum amount of free water. Therefore, the water activity of flours would be closer to 0.00 while the water activity of a juice would be closer to 1.00. Water activity in meats can be controlled by adding salts, sugars and nitrate ingredients that are able to bind some of the water. Water activity of 0.7. 0.75 and 0.8 can activate growth of mold, yeast and bacteria respectively.
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text:
From Ohio History Central
Acanthodians were among the earliest fishes with jaws and are found in Silurian through Permian rocks. Their fragmentary remains are found in Devonian, Mississippian, and Pennsylvanian rocks in Ohio. These remains consist of shiny, rhomboid-shaped scales and fin spines. Fin spines of a comparatively large acanthodian, Machaeracanthus, are found in the Columbus Limestone.


AI in the City: Speculating on Potential Futures Through Media Art
This paper analyses the increasing influence of artificial intelligence (AI) in the social and spatial experience of contemporary urban living, and how media art projects can enable us to speculate on its future implications. AI technologies are being combined with sensors, surveillance cameras and databases to improve the efficiency of key urban infrastructures and make them more sustainable. However, this assemblage has also supported pervasive forms of surveillance that involve detailed citizen profiling. This has been demonstrated by China's Social Credit System and its aim to regulate social behaviour in public space according to pre-established notions of what is deemed acceptable or not under the guise of encouraging trustworthiness in citizens. This highlights the need to address the complex ethical issues that emerge from the application of AI in urban space, involving privacy rights, government oppression, social and racial bias and the replacement of human oversight with decisions made by AI agents. Individual artists such as Liam Young and artist collectives such as Blast Theory have speculated on future urban scenarios through projects that include conceptual films, live performances and participatory art projects. Such projects merge fiction and reality and are informed by developments in surveillance, biotechnology and autonomous machines that suggest ways in which AI might influence the future of urban living. By analysing case studies of art projects that enable reflection on the increasing role of AI in the city I discuss its future social, spatial and ethical implications.
Author Information
Marcos Dias, Dublin City University, Ireland
Paper Information
Conference: ECAH2020
Stream: Arts - Media Arts Practices: Television
The full paper is not available for this title
Video Presentation
Posted by amp21


text:
cordage (kôrˈdĭj) [key], collective name for rope and other flexible lines. It is used for such purposes as wrapping, hauling, lifting, and power transmission. Early man used strips of hide, animal hair, and plant materials. Hemp and flax were formerly standard in Europe and America but were largely replaced in the 19th cent. by hard fibers, especially Manila hemp and sisal. In the 20th cent. the natural fibers were replaced in many applications by synthetic fibers such as nylon and polyester. The fibers are straightened, usually by combing, then spun into yarn. Twine, which is sometimes called cord, is formed by wrapping two or more yarns together. By twisting together a number of yarns, a strand is formed. By twisting together three or more strands, a rope is produced. A cable-laid rope is formed from three or more ropes. In general a synthetic fiber rope lasts much longer and is much stronger than a natural fiber rope. Steel wire, often with a fiber core, is also used for rope.
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
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Repurposed Sensor Allows Smartwatch To Detect Finger Taps and Other Bio-Acoustic Signals
Software Update Could Add New Interface Capabilities
Thanks to new functionality developed by HCII researchers, smartwatches can recognize objects and activities by monitoring vibrations that occur when people hold objects or use tools. It could even be used to help tune a guitar.
A smartwatch can detect and distinguish a variety of taps, flicks and scratches by the hands and fingers, and all that's required is a software upgrade that repurposes the device's existing accelerometer, Carnegie Mellon University researchers discovered.
This functionality enables new applications that use common gestures to control the smartwatch and, ultimately, other objects connected through the internet of things. By monitoring vibrations that occur when people hold objects or use tools, the smartwatch would also be capable of recognizing objects and activities. It could even be used to help tune a guitar, with the smartwatch displaying the note transmitted as the guitarist plucks and adjusts each string. (Learn more in the video below.)
"It's as if you're using your hand as a detection device," said Gierad Laput, a Ph.D. student in the Human-Computer Interaction Institute (HCII), suggesting totally new uses for smartwatches. "The hand is what people use to interact with the world."
This new technology, dubbed ViBand, was developed by Laput and Ph.D. student Robert Xiao — both members of the HCII's Future Interfaces Group — along with their adviser Chris Harrison, assistant professor of human-computer interaction. They will present a paper describing the work at the Association for Computing Machinery's User Interface Software and Technology (ACM UIST) Symposium this week in Tokyo.
Normally, a smartwatch accelerometer detects when a person lifts an arm so the screen can activate, or sometimes to count footsteps. To do so, the accelerometer only needs to take measurements about 100 times a second. But when researchers increased the sampling frequency to 4,000 a second (4 kHz), they found it acted like a vibrational microphone. Rather than detecting sounds transmitted through the air, however, it couples with the body to detect bio-acoustic signals.
"ViBand isn't just a way to control your smartwatch," Harrison said. "It enables you to augment your arm. It's a powerful interface that's always available to you."
A ViBand-enabled watch can tell if someone is tapping on the forearm, or the palm or back of the hand. It can detect finger flicks, scratches and other motions. It can also sense if a person is holding various mechanical and electrical tools, such as an electric toothbrush, power drill or handsaw. Each body tap, device or activity has distinctive bio-acoustic signals.
To increase the frequency of the accelerometer's sampling rate, the research team developed a custom kernel — the core of the smartwatch's operating system. That's the only modification required and can be performed as a software update, Laput said.
The team developed several demonstration apps for ViBand, including using hand gestures near the watch to control its apps. Similar gestures could be used to control remote devices, such as lights, a TV or other appliances connected via the internet of things.
They also showed it could be used for object-aware apps, such as monitoring meal preparations or providing visual feedback while tuning an acoustic guitar.
Finally, the researchers propose an application using what they call a vibro-tag, which is a small object that emits inaudible, structured vibrations that contain data. A vibro-tag on a person's office door, for instance, might transmit information about office hours or alternative contact information.
This research was supported by the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, a Google Faculty Research Award and Qualcomm. More information and a video are available on Laput's website.
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By CLARKE CANFIELD
PORTLAND, Maine (AP) - A fast-growing, fast-spreading Asian seaweed that's crowded out native species, fouled beaches and made a mess of lobster traps in Massachusetts has spread north to Maine and south to New York.
First discovered in the U.S. on a Rhode Island beach three years ago, the seaweed doesn't pose a public health threat but can create a stinky muddle as it did earlier this year when it washed onto beaches in Massachusetts. The plant gives off a putrid odor when it dries and decays.
The red seaweed has been sighted in Connecticut and New Hampshire, and also was seen this summer in Cape Elizabeth along the Maine shore.
Northeastern University biologist Matt Bracken says he wouldn't be surprised if the plant has already made its way to Canada.
Copyright 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Kauri gum
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A 19th-century carving of a tattooed Maori from kauri gum. The carving is owned and displayed by the Dargaville Museum, New Zealand.
Kauri gum (/kˈri/)[1] is a fossilised resin extracted from kauri trees (Agathis australis), which is made into crafts such as jewellery. Kauri forests once covered much of the North Island of New Zealand, before the arrival of people caused deforestation, causing several areas to revert to sand dunes, scrubs, and swamps. Even afterward, ancient kauri fields continued to provide a source for the gum and the remaining forests.[2][3]
A dark gold transparent smooth lump of resin
Kauri gum, polished
A dark gold transparent rough lump of resin
Kauri gum, unpolished
The Māori had many uses for the gum, which they called kapia. Fresh gum was used as a type of chewing gum (older gum was softened by soaking and mixing with juice of the puha thistle). Highly flammable, the gum was also used as a fire-starter, or bound in flax to act as a torch. Burnt and mixed with animal fat, it made a dark pigment for moko tattooing.[5] Kauri gum was also crafted into jewellery, keepsakes, and small decorative items. Like amber, kauri gum sometimes includes insects and plant material.[6]
Kauri gum was used commercially in varnish, and can be considered a type of copal (the name given to resin used in such a way). Kauri gum was found to be particularly good for this, and from the mid-1840s was exported to London and America. Tentative exports had begun a few years earlier, however, for use in marine glue and as fire-kindlers;[7] gum had even made up part of an export cargo to Australia in 1814.[8]
Since the kauri gum was found to mix more easily with linseed oil, at lower temperatures, than other resins, by the 1890s, 70 percent of all oil varnishes made in England used kauri gum.[9] It was used to a limited extent in paints during the late 19th century, and from 1910 was used extensively in the manufacture of linoleum. From the 1930s, the market for gum dropped as synthetic alternatives were found, but there remained niche uses for the gum in jewellery and specialist high-grade varnish for violins.[9]
Kauri gum was Auckland's main export in the second half of the 19th century, sustaining much of the early growth of the city. Between 1850 and 1950, 450,000 tons of gum were exported.[10] The peak in the gum market was 1899, with 11,116 tons exported that year, with a value of £600,000 ($989,700).[8][11] The average annual export was over 5,000 tons, with the average price gained £63 ($103.91) per ton.[12]
The gum varied in color depending on the condition of the original tree. It also depended on where the gum had formed and how long it had been buried. Colors ranged from chalky-white, through red-brown to black; the most prized was a pale gold, as it was hard and translucent.[4][13] The size of each lump also varied greatly. Swamps tended to yield the small nuggets known as "chips", whereas the hillsides tended to produce larger lumps. The majority were the size of acorns, although some were found which weighed a few pounds; the largest (and rarest) were reported to weigh half a hundredweight.[14] Kauri gum shares a few characteristics with amber, another fossilised resin found in the Northern Hemisphere, but where amber can be dated as millions of years old, carbon-dating suggests the age of most kauri gum is a few thousand years.[7]
A very large grey tree in a jungle-like setting
Kauri tree in Waipoua Forest
Most of the gumfields were in Northland, Coromandel and Auckland, the site of the original kauri forests. Initially, the gum was readily accessible, commonly found lying on the ground. Captain Cook reported the presence of resinous lumps on the beach at Mercury Bay, Coromandel, in 1769, although he suspected it came from the mangroves, and missionary Samuel Marsden spoke of their presence in Northland in 1819.[13]
By 1850, most of the surface-lying gum had been picked up, and people began digging for it. The hillsides yielded shallow-buried gum (about 1 m), but in the swamps and beaches, it was buried much further down (4 m or below).[2]
Stone statue of a middle aged-man with a beard, a shovel, and some other similar instrument
Gum-digger statue at Dargaville
Gum-diggers were men and women who dug for kauri gum, a fossilised resin, in the old kauri fields of New Zealand at the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries. The gum was used mainly for varnish. The term may be a source for the nickname "Digger" given to New Zealand soldiers in World War I.[15] In 1898, a gum-digger described "the life of a gum-digger" as "wretched, and one of the last [occupations] a man would take to."[16]
Gum-diggers worked in the old kauri fields, most of which were then covered by swamp or scrub, digging for the gum. Much of the population was transient, moving from field to field, and they lived in rough huts or tents (which were called "whares", after the Maori for 'house'). It was extremely hard work and not very well paid, but it attracted many Maori and European settlers, including women and children.[17] There were many Dalmatians, who had first come to work the South Island goldfields in the 1860s.[18] They were transient workers, rather than settlers, and much of their income was sent out of the country, resulting in much resentment from the local workforce. In 1898, the "Kauri Gum Industry Act" was passed, which reserved gum-grounds for British subjects, and requiring all other diggers to be licensed. By 1910, only British subjects could hold gum-digging licences.[19]
Gum-digging was the major source of income for settlers in Northland, and farmers often worked the gumfields in the winter months to subsidise the poor income from their unbroken land. By the 1890s, 20,000 people were engaged in gum-digging, of which 7000 worked full-time.[20] Gum-digging was not restricted to settlers or workers in the rural areas; Auckland families would cross the Waitematā Harbour by ferry at weekends to dig in the fields around Birkenhead, causing damage to public roads and private farms, and leading to local council management of the problem.[21]
Large group of men filling a picture of a mining field.
Group of gum-diggers in gumfield (1908)
North Auckland Kauri Forest c1890 - c1910
Most gum was dug from the ground using gum-spears (pointed rods to probe for gum) and "skeltons", defined as blade-edged spades for cutting through old wood and roots as well as soil. Once the gum was retrieved it would need to be scraped and cleaned.[22]
Digging in swamps was more complicated; a longer spear (up to 8m) was often used, often fitted with a hooked end to scoop out the lumps. Scrub was often cleared first with fire; some got out of control and swamp fires could burn for weeks.[23] Holes were often dug by teams in both hills and swamps—often up to 12m deep—and some wetlands were drained to aid in the excavation of gum.[24] As field gum became scarce, "bush gum" was obtained by purposely cutting the bark of kauri trees and returning months later to retrieve the hardened resin. Due to the damage caused to the trees by the cutting the practice was banned in state forests in 1905.[22] Gum chips, small lumps useful for the manufacture of linoleum, were difficult to find, and by 1910, the process of washing and sieving to retrieve the chips became common. The process was later mechanised.[25]
Gum merchants[edit]
Gumdiggers generally sold their gum to local gumbuyers, who transported it to Auckland (generally by sea) for sale to merchants and exporters.[26] There were six major export firms in Auckland who dealt in gum, employing several hundred workers who graded and rescraped the gum for export, packing them in cases made from kauri timber.[27]
As early as the 1830s and 1840s, merchants, including Gilbert Mair and Logan Campbell, were buying gum from local Māori for £5 ($8.25) a ton, or trading it for goods.[8] The majority of the gum was exported to America and London (from whence it was distributed throughout Europe),


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Home to the famous Iron Canyons, Aequitas has reddish iron oxide dust (hematite) covering much of its surface, and significant blue cobalt deposits that freckle the terrain. Turian explorers have discovered hot springs in the polar ice caps, heated by magma in the planet's crust. In a strange combination of science and hucksterism, a small facility exports water from these springs, which is bottled and sold as having medicinal properties. The funds are then used to maintain a research station, which has discovered some fossil evidence that Aequitas once harbored microscopic life based on deoxyribonucleic acids in these springs.
- Assignment: N7: Abandoned Mine
Initial Scanner Result: Rich
- Æquitas is Latin for "justice" or "equality". In Roman mythology, Aequitas (or Aecetia), is also the god of merchants and fair trade.
- A bug exists in Mass Effect 3 that causes the planet to be highlighted as a mission world, but the game does not allow you to land on the planet.
- Aequitas is a mission location in the N7 HQ Galaxy at War mini-game for Mass Effect 3.