text:
GCNA Evaluation of School Administrative Staff
Adopted: May 16, 1988
The Board believes that principals and vice-principals are the major influence on the education of children attending District schools and the key to development of a superior educational system.
The Board requires that principals and vice-principals have skills and knowledge relating to student personnel, school program, staff personnel, and school management. It is the responsibility of the Superintendent to ensure that principals have and continue to develop and apply these necessary skills and knowledge.
1. The purposes of the evaluation of principals and vice-principals are:
a. To improve the quality of District Administration, both collectively and individually.
b. To provide a basis for decision-making related to the status of those administrators who hold interim or acting designations;
c. To provide administrators with information relating to:
ii. Recommendations for changes,
iii. Specific requirements for changes; and
d. To provide the basis for the preparation of directed professional development plans as required.
2. Administrative designations are of three types:
The designation is for a specific period of time or for a specific purpose.
The designation is in its first year and will expire at the end of that year if it is not designated continuing.
The designation remains in force from year to year unless terminated by the administrator or the Board.
Evaluation of vice-principals is a delegated joint responsibility of the Superintendent and the principal.
4. The minimum frequency for evaluation of principals and vice-principals is:
If the designation is for a period greater than twenty operational days, the administrator will receive a written report at that point at which the designation ends or after the designation has been in effect for three months, whichever comes first. If longer than three months, evaluation will occur as scheduled for those with interim designations.
The administrator will receive a minimum of one evaluation prior to April 30. A second report will be prepared on the same basis as for those on continuing contracts.
Specific aspects of the role of all administrators, to be determined prior to the commencement of the school year, will be evaluated each year. Reports will be completed in two parts, the first by early in the following school year and the second prior to the Christmas Break of that year.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, a principal or vice-principal may request an evaluation, and the request shall be honoured within forty operational days.
5. Those administrators who hold acting or interim designations will be informed of their status for the next school year prior to May 31 of the current school year.
6. Evaluations will be based upon:
a. The Statement of Administrative Expectations;
b. The role description for principals adopted from time to time by the Board;
c. The list of responsibilities which will be developed for each school having a principal and vice-principal(s) and filed with the Superintendent prior to September 10 of each school year; and
d. Key Responsibility Areas derived from prior evaluations or District or School Priorities Statements identified prior to the commencement of the school year.
1. Identification of Key Responsibility Areas and Indicators of Success
Prior to commencement of each school year, the Superintendent will meet with each principal and vice-principal to:
a. Prepare a statement of emphasis for school administrators for the next school year; and
b. Identify key responsibility areas for the next school year.
Following this meeting, the evaluator will meet with each principal and vice-principal to identify indicators of success in fulfilling the District's Key Responsibility Areas in the schools. In some cases, specific Key Responsibility Areas will be identified for individual administrators at this time.
2. Monitoring Progress
Meetings will be held with individual administrators in January/February and May/ June to review progress towards fulfilling the Key Responsibility Areas. The final meetings will be followed up with an evaluation report.
3. Content of Reports
The following should be included in each report:
a. Administrator's name and school;
b. Evaluator's name;
c. A description of the evaluation process: techniques used, dates, and duration of visits;
d. Comments related to each Key Responsibility Area which is relevant to the administrator's assigned duties;
e. Additional comments which may be appropriate as judged by the evaluator;
f. A summary statement including:
iii. Mandatory requirements,
iv. The dated signature of evaluator; and
v. Acknowledgment of receipt of the report and an invitation to respond or appeal.
4. Distribution of and Access to Reports
In the case of all reports:
a. The report shall be discussed with the administrator;
b. Copies of the report shall be prepared as follows:
i. One copy for the administrator,
ii. One copy for the file of the Assistant Superintendent (Operations),
iii. One copy which will be submitted to the Superintendent who will review it before forwarding it to the Human Resources Department for filing, and
iv. One copy for the principal if the administrator being evaluated is a vice-principal.
Access to the file is limited to the administrator, members of the Human Resources Department, and the Superintendent.
5. Appeal Process
Within five operational days of receipt of report, the administrator may advise the Superintendent, in writing, that the appropriateness of one or more of the mandatory requirements is being appealed.
The appeal will be heard by a committee appointed by the Superintendent, and consists of a central office administrator and two school-based administrators. The committee shall prepare a recommendation to the Superintendent who will determine whether the appeal will be upheld or denied.


text:
|Part of the myth series on|
|Pre-Islamic Arabian gods|
Abgal (cognate with the sumerian ab.gal, related to the akkadian apkallu, "ferryman") is a pre-Islamic north Arabian god, known from the Palmyrian desert regions as a god of Bedouins and camel drivers.
|This article relating to a myth or legend from the ancient Middle East is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|
- Jordan, Michael (July 1993). Encyclopedia of Gods: Over 2,500 Deities of the World. Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-2909-9.
 Further reading
Javier Teixidor, The pantheon of Palmyra, Leiden: Brill, 1979, pp. 80-82

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Vote for Our Mud on TMC!
help > class > bard
BARD (thief subclass)
Bards are an interesting group. They are, essentially, a melding of
fighters, thieves, and song masters. While adept at the skills of
both combat and larceny, a bard's primary power is derived from
offensive and defensive "songs." The bard undergoes rigorous training
to learn how to use words, melody and counterpoint to effect changes
in their environment. Bards can use their songs to hurt, to charm, and
to inspire as well as to understand the nature of objects around them.
As a hybrid of classes, a bard has the gift of both fighter and thief
abilities, but does not possess the full range, nor the full strength
of the abilities of a true member of either class.
Bards are charismatic and joyous adventurers. They are known
throughout the lands for regaling the folk with tales of their
journeys. As such, many shopkeepers reward bards by paying a higher
than usual price for a bard's goods. Shopkeepers may do this to
assist the bard in further adventuring and in hopes of the bard
returning with more glorious tales.
A bard only performs one song at a time, but is capable of improvising
with refrains that adjust the mood and keep the audience on their
Bards can not wear gloves, shield or plate helmet.
Bards have the following skills:
sleight staff toughness awareness
resistance disarm bow dagger
sword axe singing combat
spear mace flail
Bards have the following songs; the (*) indicates a refrain:
charm fear vengeance rejuvenation
lore * dirge * quell * inspire
Bard stats:
Strength : 75
Dexterity : 125
Intelligence : 125
Constitution : 75


text:
This theme contains data about the population size of the Emirate according to the population censuses conducted during the period 1975–2005 along with population estimates for the period after 2005. Moreover, it includes data on the age and household type structure of the population besides the demographic, educational, marital and employment characteristics during the censuses conducted in (1993, 2000 and 2005) and its associated estimates. Additionally, it also contains the main characteristics of the emirate's households during the mentioned census years.
At the same time, births and deaths data are two of the main three essential factors, besides immigration, that directly affect population growth rate and demographic changes in the society. Therefore, a special section was devoted under this theme to cover vital statistics which includes births and deaths statistics according to the different characteristics such as gender, age, nationality, marriage contracts and registered divorce cases.
The study of population developments is significantly important because it is the basis upon which development plans, in several fields such as education, health, labor market, and others, are built. Understanding population structure of any society in terms of gender, age, occupation, education and marital status...etc, provides planners, policy and decision makers with needed data and information for formulating appropriate and adequate plans for all society segments.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
This question already has an answer here:
I made 100 measurements of a certain quantity, calculated mean and standard deviation (with MySQL), and got mean=0.58, SD=0.34.
The std seemed too high relative to the mean, so I made 1000 measurements. This time I got mean=0.572, SD=0.33.
I got frustrated by the high standard deviation, so I made 10,000 measurements. I got mean=0.5711, SD=0.34.
I thought maybe this was a bug in MySQL, so I tried to use the Excel functions, but got the same results.
Why does the standard deviation remain high even though I do so many measurements?


text:
23 August 2000 - Tbilisi needs to develop a city environmental action plan to address urgent problems related to urban land use, green spaces, and water supply programs, concludes the State of the Environment 2000 Report issued by the United Nations Environment Programme's office, GRID-Tbilisi. The report is available online at _URL_
The Georgian capital city faces challenges of low public participation, high income disparity, and limited government resources. However, programs of co-operation with European sister cities and the recent incorporation of environmental education into school curricula nation-wide signal hope for future environmental improvements.
The State of the Environment Report includes detailed statistics and charts on topics such as air and water quality, demographics, health, and cultural heritage. The report was produced by UNEP/GRID-Tbilisi and UNEP's Cities Environment Reports on the Internet (CEROI) programme (_URL_), which assists local authorities around the world to develop local environmental assessments and publish them online by providing training, software, and technical services.
For more information, contact Zurab Jintcharadze of GRID-Tbilisi, _EMAIL_.


text:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the mutagenic potentialities of two samples of water from different sources namely: raw sewage, treated sewage. Genotoxicity test was conducted using two varieties of Vicia faba var; Giza 3 and var. Giza Blanca). Several endpoints were used to estimate the mutagenic activity in Vicia cells such as: 1-mitotic activity 2-nuclear abnormalities and 3-chromosomal aberrations. Chemical analysis revealed the inefficient treatment of sewage where, many elements increased after secondary treatment, and even those elements which decreased did not reach the safe limits for use. Genotoxicity test exhibited change in mitotic activity with all water samples, either by decrease in the mitotic index in Vicia var. G. 3 or increase in case of Vicia var. G. Blanca. Many types of chromosomal aberrations and nuclear irregularities were also produced after all treatments. The most frequent aberration was chromosome stickiness among different types of abnormalities such as: micronucleus, banded chromosomes, bridges, laggard chromosomes and ring chromosome. The higher percentage of chromosomal aberrations is exhibited by raw sewage. The current data demonstrated the occurrence of mutagenic compounds in sewage water after secondary treatment and this requires further treatment to remove them. Moreover, their application to irrigate agricultural land must be stopped because of the mutagenic effects of plants irrigated by such waters.
Sewage water, genotoxicity, Vicia test.


Loading DNA sample into a gel
This researcher is loading a DNA sample into a gel. The gel will be subjected to an electric current, which will cause the DNA molecules to move through the gel. The distance and speed they move is related to the size of the DNA fragments, which varies from species to species or among populations.
Related Links
Estuary to the Abyss
NOAA Ocean Explorer Gallery


text:
Baumgardt Family History
Baumgardt Surname History
This page is the home for the complete history of the Baumgardt last name, Baumgardt etymology, and records of people with the Baumgardt name. The Baumgardt family name is an old lineage that has migrated all across the world over the centuries, and as the name Baumgardt has migrated, it has changed making its origin challenging to piece together. Baumgardt family history has a complex evolution of which the particulars are beginning to be understood by Baumgardt family researchers.
No content has been submitted here about Baumgardt. The following is speculative information about Baumgardt. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
The evolution of Baumgardt starts with it's early ancestors. Even in the early generations of a name there have been different spellings of that name simply because last names were infrequently written down that long ago.
It was common for a last name to change as it enters a new country or language. Baumgardt family members have migrated across various regions all throughout history. As these families moved between countries, the Baumgardt name may have changed with them.
Baumgardt country of origin
No content has been submitted about the Baumgardt country of origin. The following is speculative information about Baumgardt. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
The nationality of Baumgardt can be very difficult to determine in cases which country boundaries change over time, making the original nationality a mystery. The original ethnicity of Baumgardt may be in dispute depending on whether the family name came about naturally and independently in multiple locales; for example, in the case of last names that are based on a profession, which can come into being in multiple countries independently (such as the family name "Archer" which was given to people who were bowmen).
Meaning of the last name Baumgardt
No content has been submitted about the meaning of Baumgardt. The following is speculative information about Baumgardt. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
The meaning of Baumgardt come may come from a craft, such as the name "Gardener" which was given to people of that profession. A lot of these profession-based surnames can be a profession in some other language. Because of this it is important to research the country of origin of a name, and the languages used by its ancestors. Many modern names like Baumgardt originate from religious texts like the Bhagavadgītā, the Bible, the Quran, and other related texts. Often these names are shortened versions of a religious phrase such as "Favored of God".
- Katherine Baumgardt 1888 - 1978
- Frederic H Baumgardt 1907 - 1991
- Rose Baumgardt 1899 - 1983
- Jacob Baumgardt 1908 - 1978
- Sophie Baumgardt 1890 - 1969
- Fredrick Baumgardt 1922 - 2010
- Lois M Baumgardt 1926 - 2003
- Gertrude M Baumgardt 1906 - 2000
- Hans Baumgardt 1904 - 1984
- Louis W Baumgardt 1925 - 2009
- D R Baumgardt 1949 - 1991
- Dorthea Baumgardt 1910 - 1972
- George Baumgardt 1885 - 1967
- J H Baumgardt 1947 - 1994
- Maude E Baumgardt 1894 - 1989
- Toni C Baumgardt 1908 - 2001
- Elsie I Baumgardt 1907 - 2009
- Katharine Baumgardt 1886 - 1975
- Beatrice E Baumgardt 1908 - 1987
- John Baumgardt 1886 - 1963
Baumgardt Family Tree
Famous people named Baumgardt
No famous people named Baumgardt have been submitted. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
Nationality and Ethnicity of Baumgardt
No content has been submitted about the ethnicity of Baumgardt. The following is speculative information about Baumgardt. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
We do not have a record of the primary ethnicity of the name Baumgardt. Many surnames travel around the world throughout the ages, making their original nationality and ethnicity difficult to trace.
More about the name Baumgardt
Fun facts about the Baumgardt family
We have no fun facts about Baumgardt. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
Baumgardt spelling variations
No content has been submitted about alternate spellings of Baumgardt. The following is speculative information about Baumgardt. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
In early history when few people could write, names such as Baumgardt were transcribed based on their pronunciation when people's names were recorded in public records. This could have led to misspellings of Baumgardt. Last names like Baumgardt vary in how they're spelled as they travel across tribes, family lines, and countries across time. Understanding misspellings and spelling variations of the Baumgardt family name are important to understanding the etymology of the name.


This study seeks to better understand the factors contributing to the adoption of Software as a Service (SaaS) as on-demand sourcing option. Grounded in transaction cost theory (TCT), we developed a research model for assessing SaaS-sourcing at the application level. Four hypotheses with three TCTbased constructs (application specificity, environmental uncertainty, and usage frequency) and one contingency factor (firm size) affecting the adoption of SaaS-based sourcing were formulated. Survey data of 154 firms in Europe with 284 response items across different industries were collected to test the theoretical model. PLS-based structural equation modeling demonstrated that uncertainty emerges as the strongest factor for SaaS-adoption, while application specificity also contributes significantly. Differentiating between small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) and enterprises, uncertainty represents the strongest driver for SaaS-adoption in SMBs, whereas application specificity is more important in enterprises. Finally, firm size is significantly and negatively associated with SaaS-based sourcing within, but not across the subgroups of SMBs and enterprises.


text:
Note: This In the loop was updated in April 2021 to include insights from our review of human capital disclosures in recent Form 10-K filings.
I am particularly supportive of the increased focus on human capital disclosures, which for various industries and companies can be an important driver of long-term value.
– Jay Clayton, then SEC Chairman
With up to 85% of a company's costs tied up in people (pwc.com
), stakeholders looking to allocate investment dollars want to understand how management sees the company's strategic and operational requirements. The SEC introduced new disclosure requirements in August 2020 designed to provide stakeholders insight into human capital—from the operating model, to talent planning, learning and innovation, employee experience, and work environment. The disclosures may help stakeholders evaluate whether a business has the right workforce to meet immediate and emerging business challenges and the nature and magnitude of the related investments. However, there are questions as to what is required to comply with the principles-based rules.
In certain SEC filings, a public company is now required to disclose:
- the number of employees and a description of its human capital resources, if material to the business as a whole; and if material to a particular segment, that segment should be identified
- any human capital measures or objectives, if material, that the registrant focuses on in managing its business, such as those related to the development, attraction, safety, engagement, and retention of employees
The rules do not include a definition of "human capital" or a list of required measures to disclose. The principles-based approach (1) reflects an expectation that disclosures will be tailored to a company's own business or industry using management's judgment and (2) allows for the disclosures to evolve in response to changes in a company's environment.
We also are not adopting a definition of the term "human capital"...because this term may evolve over time and may be defined by different companies in ways that are industry specific. This approach is consistent with the view expressed by a number of commenters that noted that there are many definitions of human capital and that the concept, while generally well understood, is often tailored to the circumstances and objectives of individual companies.
The new rules, which are part of the SEC's broader project to modernize Regulation S-K, became effective November 9, 2020. As a result, 2020 Form 10-Ks and other filings subject to Regulation S-K filed on or after this date need to include the new disclosures.
While every company will differ, the following can help guide your approach.
Companies are evaluating which objectives or measures to disclose to comply with the principles-based requirements and meet investor and regulator expectations. Jay Clayton, then SEC Chairman, noted that he expects to see "meaningful qualitative and quantitative disclosure, including, as appropriate, disclosure of metrics that companies actually use in managing their affairs." But beyond that general guidance, companies have broad flexibility. Although specific to each company depending on its workforce strategy, we recommend companies consider the following, including a specific focus on two areas that significantly impacted most companies in 2020: COVID-19 and diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI).
Human capital resources
Human capital resources, while not defined in the rules, may include employees, non-employees, such as contract workers, and others.
Objectives or measures
The rules require disclosure of human capital objectives or measures used to manage the business if material to an understanding of the business. Companies need to consider whether to include a qualitative objective and/or a quantitative measure in each area of human capital.
Sources of measures
The rules require companies to consider the measures used by management in running the business, which may include those reported in an enterprise balanced scorecard, or board or executive reporting, or considered in executive compensation.
Companies might also consider what aspects of human capital have been previously communicated as being critical to the business, whether in public filings, investor and employee briefings, or other public statements. For example, companies may have included explicit references to their human capital resources in their proxy filings; environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) disclosures; as well as during shareholder engagement.
Various resources may also help companies focus on what investors and other stakeholders consider to be meaningful:
- International Organization for Standardization recommendations on human capital reporting standards
- Sustainability Accounting Standards Board sector-specific human capital metrics
- World Economic Forum report (published with the Big 4 accounting firms) that defines common metrics for sustainable value creation and ESG reporting, which includes human capital
- PwC's Saratoga benchmarking tool that provides industry-specific metrics in various areas of human capital: workforce productivity, span of control, succession, recruiting costs, hire quality, labor costs, turnover, diversity, HR cost, and organizational structures
- Other frameworks, such as those developed by Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) or Institutional Shareholder Services (ISS)
Lastly, companies might consider whether peer disclosures create an expectation for comparable disclosures.
Material to the business
The requirements are rooted in materiality. The SEC considers information material if there is a substantial likelihood that a reasonable investor would consider it important in making an investment or voting decision. This may be an appropriate benchmark in identifying which human capital measures or objectives are material to the business.
Focusing human capital disclosures in light of current events
As the rule indicates, human capital disclosures should evolve over time as companies respond to risks and challenges. There are perhaps no better examples of risks and challenges a company needs to address than the COVID-19 global pandemic and the need for diversity, equity, and inclusion. In this first year of adoption, we suggest focusing human capital disclosures in these areas if material to the business.
The COVID-19 crisis spotlighted the importance of having policies that protect employees and invest in their well-being. For months, companies have grappled with how to adapt their human capital management to retain their workforce, provide a safe workplace, accommodate remote workers, and respond to difficulties in supply chains. Areas of a company's human capital management that might be impacted by COVID-19 include the following.
Diversity, equity, and inclusion
DEI has become not only an area of public policy, but also an issue of corporate responsibility. Stakeholders want to know how companies are creating an equitable workplace, and how they plan to respond to other DEI matters, including ensuring diversity at the management and board levels. DEI measures or objectives to consider that might be material to a company's business include the following:
- Diversity measures related to employee identities, such as race and ethnicity, gender identity and expression, sexual orientation, culture, veteran status, age, disability, marital status, or religious and spiritual beliefs
- Equity measures related to providing employees equal access to opportunities, such as equity in pay, the percentage of a company's management team that is diverse, or recruiting strategies aimed at providing fair opportunities for diverse talent
- Inclusion efforts, such as networks or programs that connect employees so they can support one another and advise company leadership on the needs of diverse employees
Metrics alone may not tell the full story of a company's values, the scope of its DEI programs, or the true investment it has made in its employees. A thorough narrative that is linked to a company's corporate purpose and mission can help bridge this gap.
Reliability and consistency
The new human capital disclosures should be supported by effective controls and procedures. For example, when included in the annual report, they will be subject to the company's disclosure controls and procedures (DCP), but when included in other filings, such as registration statements, separate controls may be needed. As your company considers the appropriate controls over these new disclosures, questions could include:
- What is the quality of the data underlying the disclosures?
- What governance exists over this data? Does it flow through the disclosure committee, board of directors, and/or audit committee?
- Based on the type of filing, are the disclosures subject to DCP or are there other processes and controls that support the reliability of the information reported?
- Do we have a policy on scoping, measurement, and presentation of the information to aid consistency between periods?
- Will consumers of the human capital information be confident in its accuracy and completeness?
- Do we have a process for determining when changes to measures are needed and disclosed?
Follow the data
Quality data is foundational to disclosures. Companies may face challenges in obtaining, analyzing, and reporting on the data, including the following.
Where to start
Applicable framework and key metrics
- No requirements for specific metrics - companies have to decide what is material and most applicable
- What is "material to the business" changes from period to period, but the principles surrounding the evaluation should remain the same
- Define a set of relevant metrics and proactively identify what information to report, how to source it, and who the key stakeholders are
- Establish processes for revisiting key metrics each period
Data sources and transformation
- Data comes from various financial and nonfinancial systems
- Manual intervention is often required
- Historical data may not be available
- Identify standardized data sources/attributes
Process and governance
- Limited controls or attestations over the data
- Limited governance - data was not reviewed by the disclosure committee, board of directors, and/or audit committee
- Establish clear processes, controls, and attestations appropriate for each disclosure (e.g., DCP for disclosures in the annual report)
- Establish governance protocols, including ensuring key information is shared with the disclosure committee and the audit committee
Reporting and analytics
- No standardized reporting process
- Data consolidation may be manual and may not always lend itself to actionable insights
- Limited self service analytics tools
- Expand existing reporting frameworks to include this data when applicable
- Increase communication and collaboration between human resource and finance personnel to proactively drive actionable insights
- Use data analysis and visualization tools to automate reporting


NetBSD-Users archive
Re: boot disk has two MBR partitions
On Sat, 23 Feb 2013, David Lord wrote:
On 23 Feb 2013 at 20:18, Saifi Khan wrote:
Please excuse me for asking rather 'naive' question.
i've rtfm'd at
Now, i have a boot disk (NetBSD terminology) of 320 GB (SATA II).
Booted my laptop with 'boot.iso' (NetBSD-current) and using the 'NetBSD' fdisk
utility, i created two MBR partitions (NetBSD terminology) of the following
 partition no 1: 20 GB (base system, src)
 partition no 2: 300 GB (pkgsrc, other sources, mails etc.)
i intend to setup 'ffs' on both the MBR partitions.
in the linux world, the disk would typically be '/dev/sda' and the two profound
partitions would be
in the NetBSD scheme of things, the first disk is seen as 'wd0'. In that case,
how would the two 'MBR partitions' be addressed as?
The NetBSD part of the disk is usually split into partitions
ID mount point
a: /
b: swap
c: NetBSD partitions
d: whole disk
e: /usr
f: /tmp
g: /var
The'mbrlabel' command helped insert the 2nd MBR partition entry in the disklabel.
However, the wrong size was picked by mbrlabel (wonder why) and i had to edit the 'disklabel' entry from the information gleaned from 'fdisk' output.
Having many mountable partitions used to have an advantage
after a major system crash in that some would be left clean
which reduced time spent by fsck. With current WAPBL the
journal is replayed after a crash which gives a fast
Does disk geometry, the CHS remapping and subsequent translation have any impact on the 'fsck' performance.?
i also have a couple of related questions:
1. what is the rationale behind using 'd' in BSD partition to represent the
entire disk?
2. what is the significance of using two representations like wd0 and rwd0?
The 'raw' devices have to be used in some cases but unless
you are sure use the 'wd" rather than "rwd".
Would appreciate, if you could share an example where 'raw' device would be useful.
3. does fsck like utility perform better when one has slice with BSD partitions
rather than straight DOS like partition?
DOS fat partitions become fragmented and can run out of
allocation units so require regular defragmentation as the
partition becomes full.
Fsck is not normally required on NetBSD ffs partitions.
currently running netbsd-current (20120220 snapshot).
i have had two freeze ups in the last 2 days, when i had to hold the 'power' button to switch off the laptop.
On power cycling the device, on both occassions, i had to run 'fsck' manually to restore blocks, clean up etc.
Home | Main Index | Thread Index | Old Index


text:
Performance Task Description
Imagine that you are a highly skilled needleworker who has been given a commission by ONE of the following:
1. The King/Queen of a country of your choice and time period of your choice. You are to create a book cover for his/her treasured religious text. Use any motif that would be appropriate and would show off your knowledge of couching and chiaroscuro.
2. A children's publishing house such as Scholastic or Random House etc. would like for you to design a book cover for a hotly anticipated new release. The motif should be a whimsical children's item. Choose an appropriate motif that would show off your knowledge of couching and chiaroscuro.
3. House of Dior wants to add some punch to the cover of their 2021 Dress Catalogue. Design an appropriate motif showing off the shading you can do within folds of fabric. Choose a design motif appropriate for the task that you could stitch up using Or Nué.
4. Kew Gardens (or other world class botanical garden) would like an embroidered Or Nué piece for the cover of their new Allotment Handbook or a Plant Identification Guide. Choose an appropriate motif that would show off your knowledge of couching and chiaroscuro.
See photos below for a bit of inspiration
Everyone embarks on the design planning stage in a way that makes sense to them. Below are just a few examples of different ways that 3 needleworkers have chosen to organize and record their thinking and design planning. Organize your planning in a way that works for you.
Natalie Dupuis of Montreal:
Cynthia Jackson of Ottawa:
Lucy Barter of San Francisco from her RSN apprenticeship:
Marie Renée Otis from Quebec:


text:
ACCESS to Markets
ACCESS to Markets is a five-year Feed the Future activity that is increasing agriculture sector growth and improving nutrition for 19,500 client households in the northern dry corridor. Highlights:
- Establishing market-driven production programs to match suppliers to local, regional, and international buyers, with a focus on higher-value and value-added crops. More than $8 million in farm sales have been generated to date.
- Facilitating access to a diverse and quality diet; promoting improved sanitation and hygiene practices; and working with partners to expand access to maternal and child health services.
- Project Duration: 2014-2019
- Value Chains: Coffee; horticulture; livestock; staple crops
- Regions: Copán; Ocotepeque; Santa Bárbara
ACCESS to Production and Nutrition
ACCESS to Production and Nutrition is reducing poverty and malnutrition and improving the health of 20,500 households in the southern Honduran Dry Corridor (La Paz, Intibucá, and Lempira) by delivering activities and services aimed at increasing incomes, employment opportunities, productivity, access to markets, financial services, and better maternal and child nutrition and health services. Key results to date:
- 20,000 hectares of land under improved practices, with more than 11,000 households surpassing targets in income increases.
- 92 percent of children under six months in target communities exclusively breastfed.
- Project Duration: 2015-2020
- Value Chains: Coffee; horticulture; staple crops
- Regions: Intibucá; La Paz; Lempira
© 2018 Fintrac Inc. All rights reserved.


Leveraging email header information in Flow Designer
How can I leverage certain fields from the email headers in a flow?
All versions of xMatters
If you look at what is logged in the Activity panel when you initiate a flow using the email trigger, you find there is a lot of items from the email header:
email.to[0] The addresses the email was sent to (for example, _EMAIL_).
email.senderIp The IP address the email was sent from (for example,
email.sender The xMatters user configured to authenticate the email trigger (for example, mmcbride).
email.subject The contents of the subject field (for example, Issue detected in web login service).
email.htmlBody The body of the email in HTML markup.
email.plaintextBody The body of the email in plain text.
email.headers.ARC-Authentication-Results Email authentication results such as SPF, DKIM, and DMARC validation.
email.headers.ARC-Message-Signature A DKIM-like signature of the entire message except for the ARC-Seal headers.
email.headers.ARC-Seal A DKIM-like signature that includes the ARC Signature and the ARC Authentication Results header information.
email.headers.Accept-Language The preferred languages set in the email client (for example, en-CA, fr-CA, en-US).
email.headers.Content-Language The language the content is in (for example, en-US).
email.headers.Content-Type The media type of the message content (for example, multipart/alternative).
email.headers.DKIM-Signature DKIM signature containing information about the sender, the message, and the public key location required for verification.
email.headers.Date Date and time the message was written (for example, Tue, 16 Jun 2020 18:02:58 +0000).
email.headers.From The email address the message is from (for example, First Last ).
email.headers.MIME-Version The MIME version of the email (for example, 1.0).
email.headers.Message-ID A unique identified assigned to the message by the email client (for example, _EMAIL_).
email.headers.Received A list of servers the email traveled through.
email.headers.Subject The email subject (for example, Issue detected in web login service).
email.headers.Thread-Index A values used by some email clients to support threading (for example, AQHWRAhe9PTa3R106EKT1QS6lt9jOw==).
email.headers.Thread-Topic A values used by some email clients to support threading (for example, Issue detected in web login service).
email.headers.To The address the email is sent to (for example, "_EMAIL_" ).
email.headers.X- Header parameters added by email clients for their systems and processes, such as spam detection.
email.headers.authentication-results What the email client authenticated when the message was sent.
email.recipients The xMatters target names of any recipients (for example, mmcbride)
So, how do you access these items?
You need to create a custom step, and add a small amount of code. Here are the quick steps:
 1. First, define an input to bring in the email headers. In this example, we'll call the input 'email_headers'.
 2. Next, create an output. Let's say we want to have an output with the 'from' information.
 3. Use the script to map the information into outputs.
When mapping the header information to the output, use the input name plus the header parameter. For example, to map the email.headers.From parameter to an email_from output:
output['email_from'] = input['email_headers']['From'];
This pulls the information in the From parameter contained in the email_headers input. When you use the step in a flow, you'd populate the email_headers input with the email.headers output from the Email trigger.
You can also create a variable and use it when mapping parameters. For example:
var headers = input['email_headers']; output['email_from'] = input['email_headers']['From'];
You can use bracket or dot notation for single-word parameters:
['email_headers']['From'] can be entered as ['email_headers'].From
For full instructions on creating a custom step and defining inputs and outputs, see the online help.
Have more questions? Submit a request
Article is closed for comments.
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Neopaganism, polytheistic religious movement, practiced in small groups by partisans of pre-Christian religious traditions such as Egyptian, Greek, Norse, and Celtic. Neopagans fall into two broad categories, nature-oriented and magical groups, and often incorporate arcane and elaborate rituals. Two of the movement's most influential thinkers were Alphonse L. Constant (1810–75) and Gerard Encausse (1865–1916).
See M. Adler, Drawing Down the Moon (1981, rev. ed. 1986); T. M. Luhrman, Pervasions of the Witch's Craft (1989); J. G. Melton and I. Poggi, Magic, Witchcraft, and Paganism in America (1992).
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
More on Neopaganism from Infoplease:
See more Encyclopedia articles on: Miscellaneous Religion


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make LNG viable. CNG can accommodate small gas fields, even of 1 to 3 bcm. Coselle and VOTRANS are two would-be commercial, high-pressure gas storage and transport technologies for CNG.
Transportation technologies enabling gas to enter new outlets also include the conversion of gas into electricity and then its transmission by wire over long distances. Although a number of obstacles still remain to be overcome before this option develops significantly, recent advances in semiconductors and insulating materials have reduced transmission costs for high-voltage DC electricity.


- The Travel Search Engine
Andros Travel Guide
Andros Postcard
Overview Things to do Suitability Country Info (Bahamas)
Andros Island is the largest island of the Bahamas at roughly 2300 square miles (6,000 km²) in area and 104 miles (167 km) long and 40 miles (64 km) wide at its widest point.
Well known for it's world-class bone fishing and blue hole scuba diving, Andros Island is one of the last frontiers in the Bahamas. Fewer visitors = quiet, uncrowded beaches and a terrific place for quiet and peace. On land, little happens on Andros Island, there are dozens of little settlements with only about 10,000 people dotted around. The people are primarily interested in fishing, catching land crabs in season, hanging out and doing nothing.
The island is filled with natural beauty. Andros has the second largest barrier reef in the Northern Hemisphere at one hundred and forty miles (64 km) long with a drop off of over six thousand feet (1.8 km. The water above the reef is only about twelve feet (4 m) deep on average too. There are more than fourty square miles (104 km²) of rainforest area and the swamp land that is inhabited by more than 50 species of orchids. Andros is actually made up of two different islands adjoined by these deep swamp lands. Two hundred different types of birds are native to the island. Andros is also the least explored island of the Bahamas.
Road trips around Andros Island can be an adventure in patience. The road conditions are pretty awful in a lot of areas, but there are usually lots of interesting experiences along its stretches.
Current Weather
Andros Town, BHS
Temperature: 25°C
Humidity: 54
Wind: 10 mph SSE
5 day forecast (click to dropdown)


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What is the rule for using the "passive se" (e.g. "¿Cómo se dice?") with a reflexive verb that involves another se pronoun? For example, how would you translate "One takes a shower (ducharse) frequently in hot weather."? Do the two se pronouns simply combine into one?
|show 3 more comments|
The two pronouns just combine in one:
"One takes a shower frequently in hot weather" --> Se ducha frecuentemente cuando hace calor.
She takes a shower frequently in hot weather --> (Ella) se ducha frecuentemente cuando hace calor.
As far as I know there is no "passive se".
As others have introduced, there are mainly two uses for "se".
However, in the case of reflexive verbs, the third person changes and "se" is used in the third person (both singular and plural) instead of the corresponding "le" or "les".
If you speak German, also a Germanic language like English, this case applies exactly in the same way:
I guess your doubt is the following: can a reflexive verb (which uses the "se" particle) be combined with the impersonal "se" (what you call "the passive se") in the same sentence?
Hope this helps.
I'm posting a new answer since I misunderstood and needed some more room than a comment.
In English you use an auxiliary verb "do" in "How does one shave?", but in Spanish you don't. There is only one verb in the sentence "¿Cómo se afeita uno?". We could get in an deep debate about where that "se" comes from, but I think it's safe and easy to just assume it's a fixed impersonal particle. Thinking it is a verb does not help and confuses more.
The first "se" is therefore just the "impersonal se".
Think about how you ask impersonal "how to" questions with "se" in Spanish:
That's just a fixed formula.
A small break here that hope clarifies the thing about "se" in reflexive verbs, which is not so special after all.
In a general sentence we have a subject + verb (action) + direct object (what) + indirect object (receiver).
As you know, you can substitute both direct and indirect object for pronouns.
Which in Spanish can be tricky because not only is the order of the sentence altered but there is also an exception. This is the case of the indirect object "le" (to him / to her) that changes to "se" when both a direct and indirect object pronouns are present in the same sentence.
If you only use a pronoun for the indirect object, you say:
But if you use both pronouns, instead of the logical:
Which is incorrect, "le" is changed to avoid the le-la "cacophony" (bad sound):
This is where the infamous third person "se" for the indirect object comes from.
Reflexive verbs are not so special after all. It just happens that the receiver of the action (indirect object) is the same as the performer (subject), so logically speaking they are simply a normal verb with an indirect object pronoun sticked to them to mark that they can be applied to oneself.
"Ducharse" is just a special case of "duchar" (you can "duchar a alguien" / shower somebody). Ducharse just means that this verb can be applied to oneself, and the one who's being showered is the same as "the showerer" :):
But that sounds weird so we just use reflexive pronouns (which as you see have a lot to do with indirect object personal pronouns), that in the third person is "se" to clarify that te showering is to oneself, not to a third person.
And now, back to the original answer.
Remember the general impersonal form of asking "how to"?
Why should reflexive verbs be special? We just say "uno" (meaning "un hombre", "uno a sí mismo") just like in English you say "oneself".
If it's referred specifically to a girl, then "una" is generally used:
Pfew. Hope it's clear now.
I just wanted to make clear where the "reflexive se" comes from and what the relation is.
I don't understand it either. You use "se" mostly when the subject performs actions on itself or if you want to make an impersonal statement like "It's said" --> "Se dice".


What is the Law Regarding Employment in Pass Christian?
Employment law in Pass Christian governs relationships between employer and employees, and independent contractors. This area of law regulates such employment issues as hiring procedures, wage amounts, and termination. Employers and their employees alike should be knowledgeable of Pass Christian employment laws.
"At-Will" vs. Contract Employment Terms
Employment is usually considered to be "at-will", although at times the employer and employee may have an employment contract preventing termination before it expires. "At-will" employers or employees may terminate the employment at any given time, if the reasons are not illegal. Federal and state laws govern the enforcement of employment clauses provisions for citizens of Pass Christian.
Anti-Discrimination laws in Pass Christian
Discriminating at any point of employment such as hiring, workplace environment, and terminating, is illegal according to laws applicable to Pass Christian residents. Individuals who live in the city of Pass Christian are required to follow laws which employers from discriminating based on certain classes. These classes include race, gender, disability, national origin, and age.


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Cabinet of Curiosities
Photography & Specimens
September 12, 2012–February 10, 2013
Location: Bloch Building, Gallery L11
Admission is free.
The exhibition, Cabinet of Curiosities: Photography & Specimens is loosely based around the 16th and 17th century concept of the Cabinet of Curiosities. Precursors to the modern museum, these Cabinets were assembled by their owners to reflect the intense fascination with the marvelous, unusual, unexpected, exotic, extraordinary, or rare.
This show examines what a photographic Cabinet of Curiosities might look like. It includes examples ranging from the very tiny (snowflakes and microscopic mites) to the very distant (telescopic image of the surface of the moon). It includes examples that cannot be seen with the naked eye of living things (x-rays) and of the deceased (skeletons of differing animal species). It explores the exotic (carmine bee eater) and the unusual (pulled teeth from the collection of Peter the Great). Along these same lines, questions will be raised about why people collect, what they collect, and the ways specimens are ordered. Emphasizing the relationship photography has always had with science and art, photographic specimens from throughout the history of photography will be shown as well as some of the traditional processes used to create them. Contemporary photographs explore the differing ways specimens are seen photographically and the human-made constructs used for specimen display.
Friday, October 5
Curator's Gallery Talk
Cabinet of Curiosities; Photography & Specimens
Join curator Jane L. Aspinwall as she discusses what a photographic cabinet of curiosities might look like. Photographic examples include the microscopic, telescopic, x-ray, exotic and unusual.
(Thank you, Megha!)


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In the dynamic world of augmented reality games, Niantic has played a pivotal role in creating immersive experiences for players. One of the lesser-known but crucial aspects of this ecosystem is Niantic Wayfarer, a platform where players can contribute to the ever-growing database of in-game locations.
However, gaining access to Wayfarer involves passing a test designed to assess your knowledge of valid and eligible points of interest. This article will provide you with insights into the Niantic Wayfarer Test Answers for 2023, ensuring you're well-prepared to become a Wayfinder.
Related: Book 10 Test 2 Reading Answers
- Sample Niantic Wayfarer Test Answers 2023
- What is the Niantic Wayfarer?
- Importance of Niantic Wayfarer Test Answers
- How to Access Niantic Wayfarer
- Preparing for the Niantic Wayfarer Test
- Niantic Wayfarer Test Answers 2023
- Tips for Success in the Niantic Wayfarer Test
- Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Benefits of Becoming a Wayfinder
- Final Thoughts
Sample Niantic Wayfarer Test Answers 2023
- Question: Is it acceptable to submit a location that is not publicly accessible?
- Answer: No, all Points of Interest must be in publicly accessible locations to ensure player safety.
- Question: Can a private residence be considered a valid Point of Interest?
- Answer: No, private residences are not eligible as Points of Interest.
- Question: What should you do if you come across an existing location that has been incorrectly categorized?
- Answer: You can submit an edit request to correct any inaccuracies in the categorization of a Point of Interest.
- Question: Why is it important to provide accurate information when submitting a location?
- Answer: Accurate information ensures that players have a reliable and enjoyable experience when interacting with Points of Interest in the game.
By familiarizing yourself with these key categories and sample questions, you'll be better prepared to tackle the Niantic Wayfarer Test and become a Wayfinder.
What is the Niantic Wayfarer?
Niantic Wayfarer is a community-driven platform that empowers players to suggest new locations and review existing ones for Niantic's augmented reality games like Pokémon GO, Ingress, and Harry Potter: Wizards Unite. It acts as the gateway for players to directly influence the in-game experience by adding or improving Points of Interest (POIs) in their local areas.
Importance of Niantic Wayfarer Test Answers
Before delving into the specifics of the test, it's crucial to understand the significance of the Niantic Wayfarer Test Answers. This test serves as a quality control mechanism, ensuring that only accurate and reliable information is added to the game world.
By becoming proficient in the answers, you not only increase your chances of becoming a Wayfinder but also contribute to the overall improvement of the in-game experience for millions of players worldwide.
- 1. Maintaining Data Accuracy: Niantic's games thrive on providing accurate information about points of interest. The Wayfarer Test acts as a filter to ensure that only valid and reliable locations are added to the game world. This helps maintain the integrity of the gaming experience.
- 2. Enhancing the Player Experience: Accurate and meaningful points of interest contribute to a richer gameplay experience. Players rely on these locations for various in-game activities, and having the correct information ensures that they can fully engage with the game.
- 3. Community Trust and Contribution: Players trust Niantic's commitment to quality, and by passing the Wayfarer Test, you become a trusted contributor to the community. This trust is essential for the continued growth and success of the Wayfarer platform.
- 4. Reducing Reviewer Workload: Validating and correcting submissions is a time-consuming process. By providing accurate answers, you contribute to reducing the workload on reviewers, allowing them to focus on more complex evaluations.
- 5. Global Impact: Your contributions through Wayfarer have a global reach. By ensuring the accuracy of points of interest, you play a part in enhancing the experiences of players from different parts of the world.
- 6. Promoting Responsible Gaming: The Wayfarer Test promotes responsible gaming practices. It encourages players to be knowledgeable about their surroundings and to contribute in a way that benefits the entire gaming community.
Mastering the Niantic Wayfarer Test Answers is not only a key step in gaining access to the Wayfarer platform, but it also holds broader significance in maintaining the quality and integrity of the augmented reality gaming experience. Your contributions play a vital role in creating a vibrant and accurate in-game environment.
How to Access Niantic Wayfarer
Getting started with Niantic Wayfarer is a straightforward process. Firstly, ensure that you have a valid account for any of the supported games: Pokémon GO, Ingress, or Harry Potter: Wizards Unite. Once you have an active account, follow these steps to access Wayfarer:
- Open the Game App: Launch the respective game (Pokémon GO, Ingress, or Harry Potter: Wizards Unite) on your mobile device.
- Navigate to Settings: Look for the "Settings" option in the game menu.
- Find Wayfarer: Within the settings, there should be a section labeled "Niantic Wayfarer" or a similar term. Click on it.
- Read and Accept Terms: Familiarize yourself with the terms and conditions of Wayfarer. Once done, accept them.
- Start Contributing: You are now ready to start contributing to the Wayfarer platform.
Preparing for the Niantic Wayfarer Test
Before attempting the Niantic Wayfarer Test, it's essential to be well-prepared. This involves understanding the criteria for valid Points of Interest and becoming familiar with the types of questions that may be asked.
Understanding Test Criteria
The test primarily evaluates your knowledge of what constitutes a valid Point of Interest. Key criteria include:
- Historical or Cultural Significance: The location should have some form of historical, cultural, or educational value.
- Safe and Accessible: It should be in a safe and publicly accessible location.
- No Private Residences: Points of Interest should not be located in private residences.
- No Duplicate Submissions: Avoid submitting locations that already exist in the database.
Familiarizing with Test Questions
While the specific questions may change over time, they generally revolve around the criteria mentioned above. Take time to review and understand these guidelines before taking the test.
Niantic Wayfarer Test Answers 2023
Now that you understand the importance of the Niantic Wayfarer Test, let's delve into the specific answers you'll need for success. While the questions may vary, they generally fall into key categories. Here are some sample questions along with their corresponding answers:
Key Categories of Questions
- Historical Significance:
- Question: What defines a location with historical significance?
- Answer: A location with historical significance is one that has played a noteworthy role in the past, such as a monument, landmark, or site of cultural importance.
- Safety and Accessibility:
- Question: Why is it important for a Point of Interest to be safe and accessible?
- Answer: A safe and accessible location ensures that players can visit it without encountering risks or trespassing on private property.
- Cultural Relevance:
- Question: How can a location be culturally relevant?
- Answer: A location is culturally relevant if it holds meaning or significance to a particular community or group of people.
- Avoiding Duplicates:
- Question: Why should you avoid submitting duplicate locations?
- Answer: Submitting duplicate locations can clutter the database and waste reviewer time. It's important to only suggest new and unique Points of Interest.
Tips for Success in the Niantic Wayfarer Test
In addition to knowing the answers, there are some essential tips that can increase your chances of success in the Niantic Wayfarer Test:
- Read Carefully: Take your time to thoroughly read and understand each question before providing an answer.
- Stay Updated: Stay informed about any changes or updates to the criteria for Points of Interest.
- Learn from Feedback: If your submissions are not accepted, pay attention to the feedback provided by reviewers to improve your future submissions.
- Collaborate with the Community: Engage with the Wayfarer community to learn from others' experiences and gain valuable insights.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
While preparing for the Niantic Wayfarer Test, it's equally important to be aware of common pitfalls that can lead to unsuccessful submissions. Here are some mistakes to steer clear of:
1. Lack of Research
Mistake: Failing to research and understand the history or cultural significance of a location can lead to incorrect submissions.
Solution: Take the time to gather information about a potential Point of Interest before submitting it.
2. Ignoring Safety Guidelines
Mistake: Suggesting locations that are not safe or publicly accessible can result in rejected submissions.
Solution: Ensure that all suggested locations meet the safety and accessibility criteria.
3. Neglecting Duplicate Checks
Mistake: Failing to verify if a location already exists in the database can lead to duplicate submissions.
Solution: Use the search function in Wayfarer to check if a location has already been added.
4. Providing Incomplete Information
Mistake: Submitting locations with incomplete or inaccurate information can hinder the review process.
Solution: Double-check all details and provide comprehensive information about the suggested Point of Interest.
5. Disregarding Reviewer Feedback
Mistake: Ignoring or not implementing feedback from reviewers can lead to persistent submission issues.
Solution: Take the time


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noun a small unit of troops of special composition
Found op _URL_
(de-tach'mәnt) the condition of being separated or disconnected. detachment of retina, retinal detachment separation of the inner layers of the retina from the pigment epithelium, which remains attached to the choroid. This occurs most often as a result of degenera...
Found op _URL_
- (n.) The act of detaching or separating, or the state of being detached. • (n.) That which is detached; especially, a body of troops or part of a fleet sent from the main body on special service. • (n.) Abstraction from worldly objects; renunciation.
Found op _URL_
One of three distinct processes involved in erosion. This process involves the disengagement of a particle from its surroundings.
Found op _URL_
- avoiding emotional involvement
- the act of releasing from an attachment or connection
- the state of being insulated
- a small unit of troops of special composition
- coming apart
Type: Term Pronunciation: dē-tach′ment Definitions: 1. A voluntary or involuntary feeling or emotion that accompanies a sense of separation from normal associations or environment. 2. Separation of a structure from its support.
Found op _URL_
[film] Detachment is a 2011 American drama about the high school education system starring Adrien Brody with an ensemble supporting cast. ==Plot== Detachment is a chronicle of three weeks in the lives of several high school teachers, administrators and students through the eyes of a substitu...
Found op _URL_
[religion] ==Summary== Depiction: February 26, 2012 |Author = Original work: Josef Václav Myslbek ==Licensing==...
Found op _URL_
1) Indifference 2) Troop group 3) Withdrawal
Found op _URL_
Tip: double click on a word to show its meaning.
No exact matches found.
Typ a word and hit 'Search'.
The most recent searches on Encyclo. Between brackets you will find the number of results and number of related results.
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- Taww (1)


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Attitude refers to your immediate state of mind or disposition toward fighting with knives. The bottom line is, you must always possess a positive mental attitude when engaged in knife combat. Avoid all negative thoughts as you cannot afford to entertain the idea of death.
"Maintaining the right attitude in a knife fight is vital."
It may sound paradoxical but successful knife combat requires you to be both offensively aggressive and singularly defensive at the same time. Anything less and you are playing with fire. Blade combat requires you to attack your enemy with aggressive and precise slashes and stabs while protecting your vital targets at the same time. It is of the utmost importance to protect your face, throat, hands, forearms, chest and stomach organs. The only way to effectively accomplish this task is for you to use a practical stance and posture. Please don't confuse a knife fighting stance (you are equipped with a fighting knife) and a knife defense stance (your adversary has a knife and you are empty handed).
Sammy Franco demonstrates the proper knife fighting stance
CFA's stance provides maximal mobility, minimal target exposure and permits you to immediately counter cut your adversary. It's the most advantageous body position and posture for edged weapon techniques.
"Knife fighting requires you to be both offensively aggressive and singularly defensive."
When fighting with knives, hold your combat knife in your front hand at all times. Avoid the urge to hold your fighting knife in the rear hand! Holding the knife in your front hand (also called a knife forward stance) is critical for two reasons.
 - First, it brings your closest weapon (your fighting knife) to the assailant's closest anatomical targets and therefore provides the most direct route of attack.
 - Second, the unprotected or unarmed side of your body is kept back and further away from your assailant stabs and slashes.
Generally, lead hand knife combat will give you a tactical advantage over a rear hand knife fighter. Its worth mentioning that rear hand knife positioning is primarily used for "grab and stab" tactics that have been perfected by the criminal element.
"Keep your body behind the knife."
The fact of the matter is, edged weapon combat requires you to move in and out of fighting ranges! Both hand and foot mobility are vital to your survival. Actually, hand and footwork mobility are two key components necessary for successful knife techniques and they must work as a unit to maximize your ability to attack and defend with your knife. Don't forget, the more you move in a knife fight encounter, the less of a target you present to your adversary.
Generally, there are four basic directions you can move when engaged in edged weapon fighting:
 - Forward
 - Backward
 - Circling right
 - Circling left
Its essential that you can move in any of these directions with stability, balance and speed. Footwork drills are truly one of the best ways to develop these skills and they should be practiced on a regular basis.
"Knife fighting requires balance."
Never use a knife to threaten
Fast reflexes are another essential component of tactical edged weapon combat. Both your offensive and defensive reaction time must be fast allowing you to take full advantage of the visual stimuli that your are faced with when fighting. Windows of opportunity open briefly in a knife combat so you must "see quickly" and react immediately. In Contemporary Fighting Arts (CFA), we use a broad range of speed drills that will improve your reflexes and timing skills.
"Speed training improves knife fighting reflexes."
Whether you're unarmed and defending against a knife attack or knife fighting with your adversary, expect to get cut in the altercation. This sobering frame of mind is critical because it prepares you for the harsh realities of edged weapon fighting while helping prevent you from going into mental shock if you do get cut in the knife fight. Finally, the notion of getting cut when fighting also acts as a deterrent to unnecessarily engaging with someone. As I stated earlier, if you can avoid a knife fight, do it!
Never threaten anyone with a knife. If you decide to pull out a knife, you better be certain that you intend to use it and you are morally and legally justified in the eyes of the law. Remember, a fighting knife is a tool of destruction designed to injure or kill, not psychologically intimidate. A fighting knife should only be displayed when you have no other choice but to defend yourself or loved ones from immediate death! Never forget the old saying in Contemporary Fighting Arts, "the worst case scenario of a knife fight is you die, the best case scenario is you go to prison." Avoid a knife fight at all costs!
Never forget that knife combat is not a game and should only be a last resort in a self defense situation. Remember, knife fighting is not glamorous. It is not civilized! It's pure and simple barbarism! It's not like the movies. It is gruesome, dangerous and above all - deadly! If at all possible, avoid it at all costs!
"Knife fighting isn't civilized."
Sammy Franco discusses knife fighting targets on the human anatomy
Previously, I stated that you must possess technical knife fighting proficiency if you are to have a fighting chance against a formidable adversary. This means you need systematic training with a qualified edged weapon instructor who specializes exclusively in reality based self defense training. Let me emphasis the word, "qualified".
Unfortunately, you will not find him or her in commercial martial arts schools. You must remember all commercial martial arts schools are a typical business looking to make substantial profits. This means they must cater to the mainstream public and design "family oriented" programs that are socially acceptable.
For example, if a martial arts school was teaching quick kill knife targets by demonstrating the proper way to drive a tactical folder into the enemy's subclavian artery, they would lose their precious clientèle quicker than hell. So now the owner or manager of the school is faced with one of two options. The first option is to avoid the entire subject of tactical knife fighting and never add it to their training curriculum.
The second option is to offer watered-down elements of blade fighting in their curriculum that will not raise the attention and concern of the community. This actually presents a liability to the student because they are under the false impression they are receiving genuine and authentic life saving skills when in actuality they are getting the complete opposite. The bottom line is commercial martial arts are not suited to instruct the extreme combat situations that a soldier, police officer or civilian might face one day.
Even some of those popular eclectic "weapon based martial arts systems" will not meet your training needs. To put it bluntly, they are too unrealistic and unworkable for real world knife combat. While many of their knife drills may look impressive or "cool", I can assure you they will not work when faced with a non compliant adversary who is armed with a knife and fueled by adrenaline or pure rage. Moreover, many of the knife disarming technique will not work without getting yourself cut to ribbons.
Finally, most of these exotic martial arts will integrate both stick fighting concepts into knife fighting techniques. While killing two birds with one stone might seem like an efficient form of weapons training, its not! Contrary to popular opinion, real world stick fighting and edged wepon combat are not from the same ilk. They are different beasts requiring separate training programs with unrelated and self-contained approaches.
All of this boils down to the fact that you need to be a shrewd and sharp consumer when searching for authentic knife fighting techniques. You should search for an instructor with the same care as you would looking for a good doctor. Your life will depend on it!
Good luck in your training!
sammy franco picture
Sammy Franco
Founder & President
Contemporary Fighting Arts
Warning! Articles are property of Sammy Franco and Contemporary Fighting Arts, LLC. Reprint or distribution is strictly prohibited. Knife Fighting Techniques. Copyright _PHONE_, Contemporary Fighting Arts, All rights reserved.


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Arsenic concentrations exceeding the U.S. EPA's 10??g/L standard are common in glacial aquifers in the midwestern United States. Previous studies have indicated that arsenic occurs naturally in these aquifers in association with metal-(hydr)oxides and is released to groundwater under reducing conditions generated by microbial oxidation of organic matter. Despite this delineation of the arsenic source and mechanism of arsenic mobilization, identification of arsenic-impacted aquifers is hindered by the heterogeneous and discontinuous nature of glacial sediments. In much of the Midwest, the hydrostratigraphy of glacial deposits is not sufficiently characterized to predict where elevated arsenic concentrations are likely to occur. This case study from southeast Wisconsin presents a detailed characterization of local stratigraphy, hydrostratigraphy, and geochemistry of the Pleistocene glacial deposits and underlying Silurian dolomite. Analyses of a single core, water chemistry data, and well construction reports enabled identification of two aquifers separated by an organic-rich aquitard. The upper, unconfined aquifer provides potable water, whereas arsenic generally exceeds 10??g/L in the deeper aquifer. Although coring and detailed hydrostratigraphic characterization are often considered impractical, our results demonstrate that a single core improved interpretation of the complex lithology and hydrostratigraphy. This detailed characterization of hydrostratigraphy facilitated development of well construction guidelines and lays the ground work for further studies of the complex interactions among aquifer sediments, hydrogeology, water chemistry, and microbiology that lead to elevated arsenic in groundwater. Copyright?? 2009 The Author(s). Journal compilation?? 2009 National Ground Water Association.
Additional publication details
Arsenic Geochemistry and Hydrostratigraphy in Midwestern U.S. Glacial Deposits


The phrase'straw dogs' is drawn from the Tao Te Ching, and refers to ceremonial objects of ancient China, carefully prepared and employed in ritual with great reverence, and then thrown away like rubbish. In this manner are Heaven and Earth said to treat the ten thousand things or myriad creatures.
'Heaven and Earth are ruthless, and treat the ten thousand things like straw dogs.'
The lesson, I suppose, is that one shouldn't rely on the favour of heavenly beings for one's survival.


Just In
The most recent 250 top stories.
Hundreds join potential class action as Camden High School cancer cluster fears multiply
Updated August 01, 2013 05:52:39
Hundreds of former students and teachers of a Sydney high school have added their names to a potential class action over toxic contaminants.
The old Camden High School was moved in 2001 after dangerous substances were discovered.
The school was built on top of an old gasworks.
Now former students and teachers believe cases of cancer, tumours and birth defects may have been caused by exposure to the chemicals.
7.30 first reported last week that lawyers were preparing a class action against the Education Department on behalf of a group of 70 people.
Now that number has grown to 195.
Leonie Curry, 41, is the lead plaintiff for the case.
She is dying of a terminal brain tumour, and wants an investigation into whether the school is to blame.
"There are so many people that are sick and died, they've died already and there's a lot of people with brain tumours, it makes you wonder," she said.
Mrs Curry has already had one tumour removed, but doctors say another tumour is inoperable.
Former Camden High School student Leonie Curry.
"The prognosis is they just don't know because it's a very rare tumour, it's a very rare position and even though it's a benign tumour they still grow and because of the position it can grow and your brain stem is where all the functions for your body are, your breathing, your heart rate, all that kind of stuff, so if it takes a function that's it," she said.
Mrs Curry approached lawyers after hearing of many former students of the school who were being diagnosed with serious illnesses.
One of her closest friends, Raelean Borg, died of breast cancer last year.
"When we discovered that I had a brain tumour and I wouldn't be around much longer either we were having a bit of a joke about how long we were going to last and then came round to how it was so bizarre that the two of us were going to be dead very soon," Mrs Curry said.
Teachers, former students alike affected
Mrs Curry set up a Facebook page and was swamped with feedback from former students who suspect the contaminants at the site made them sick.
Former teachers are also involved in the potential class action.
Art teacher Dale Hodges, 45, died in 2007 of thyroid and ovarian cancer.
Her partner Glenn Carson says she was fit, and had no family history of cancer.
"She trained hard, she worked hard, she wanted to live and she wanted to teach and it didn't happen," he said.
Ms Hodges taught at the school for 18 years.
For much of the time she taught in a classroom directly on top of the site of the former gasworks.
She kept records of the contamination uncovered in 1996.
The records include a letter from the Environmental Protection Authority warning of high levels of contamination.
The letter was addressed to the NSW Education Department.
Some remediation work was done a year later, but the school was not moved until 2001.
You turn up to your workplace thinking it's safe - which is what a workplace should be - but obviously this workplace wasn't safe
Dale Hodges' partner Glenn Carson
Mr Carson says it should have happened sooner.
"You turn up to your workplace thinking it's safe - which is what a workplace should be - but obviously this workplace wasn't safe," he said.
"We just need answers.
"You need to be able to find out why in '96 they didn't do something more drastic than wait until '97 for a start, wait another year before they did anything at all, then wait another four years until they got the land at Cawdor."
Another family of seven siblings has also added their names to the case.
Mary Nolan says of her six brothers and sisters, two died of cancer and tumours, and three more have had repeated tumours detected and removed.
She wants the Education Department to investigate.
"The Education Department should do a thorough investigation into it yes. Absolutely," she said.
"I mean we went to a rural community to have seven children raised in a rural healthy environment.
"Our public school is absolutely the first place of safety that you would think you would get a healthy upbringing from.
"What's the point of giving children milk every day when you're going to actually have them sitting on toxic ground for six years every day that they attend there, there is just no point to it."
7.30 asked the Education Department why it took five years to close the school.
It ignored the question and instead sent this statement:
The department is open to review any new information available in relation to the former Camden High School site. However, at this time we have not received any complaints or claims. If any complaints or claims are received, the department will review the information and work with the relevant government agencies to take appropriate action.
Ms Nolan says her mother is devastated by the doubts about the school, and blames herself for sending her seven children there to study.
"To watch them die one by one when you think you gave them the best - she was watching out for food and vitamins and all of those sorts of things - to find out she's been sending them to a toxic waste dump everyday for so many years in their growth periods, it is very heartbreaking for her, she'd like somebody other than herself to take responsibility for it," she said.
Although almost 200 people have now joined the legal action - it remains just a small portion of the many students who went to the school.
Those involved acknowledge that proving the cause of their illnesses may be impossible.
Nonetheless, Glenn Carson, who is still struggling with the death of his partner, also wants an official inquiry.
"It'd be nice just to be able to find out what happened, why it happened and how it happened," he said.
"If it could've been prevented, why wasn't it prevented?"
Topics: occupational-health-and-safety, health, work, education, brain-tumor, cancer, camden-2570, sydney-2000
First posted July 31, 2013 21:26:02


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A WHO Meeting on the Promotion and Development of Traditional medicine was held in Geneva from 28 November to 2 December 1977. The consultation was convened in response to the considerable interest evinced in traditional medicine at the Thirtieth World Health Assembly in 1977 and in the subsequent requests by Member States for technical collaboration in organizing educational and research activities in this field.
The aim of the Meeting was to assemble expert representatives of the major systems of traditional medicine to work together and suggest a plan of action to promote and develop various aspects of traditional medicine.
The specific objectives were to make practical suggestions on policy guidelines for the provision of materials and techniques, collaboration among different systems of health care, health education of the public, manpower development, organization of health services, the future development of traditional medicine and its utilization, particularly in the national health services, and relevant research.
A major problem for special consideration was the effective collaboration of different practitioners and their integration into an overall national health care delivery system.
The theme of the Meeting was "Promotion and development of traditional medicine". This report follows the discussion at the Meeting and includes sections on:
- Traditional medicine in health care
- Reasons for the promotion of traditional medicine
- Utilization of traditional medicine in national health care systems
- Integration of traditional medicine and modern medicine
- Manpower development for traditional medicine
- Research promotion and development in traditional medicine


text: Epidural electrical stimulation (EES) of the spinal cord restores locomotion in animal models of spinal cord injury but is less effective in humans. Here we hypothesized that this interspecies discrepancy is due to interference between EES and proprioceptive information in humans. Computational simulations and preclinical and clinical experiments reveal that EES blocks a significant amount of proprioceptive input in humans, but not in rats. This transient deafferentation prevents modulation of reciprocal inhibitory networks involved in locomotion and reduces or abolishes the conscious perception of leg position. Consequently, continuous EES can only facilitate locomotion within a narrow range of stimulation parameters and is unable to provide meaningful locomotor improvements in humans without rehabilitation. Simulations showed that burst stimulation and spatiotemporal stimulation profiles mitigate the cancellation of proprioceptive information, enabling robust control over motor neuron activity. This demonstrates the importance of stimulation protocols that preserve proprioceptive information to facilitate walking with EES.


text:
First of all, a Gcal resource file is a plain ascii text file. This text file may be created by any text editor or by redirecting the standard output channel to a file, e.g.:
|$ echo '_PHONE_ Text'>> resource-file |
A special —but simple— line structure is required so Gcal is able to interpret its contents. Each fixed date entry in a resource file must be split into two parts, namely a date part and an optional text part which must be separated by one whitespace1 character minimum. It is unnecessary to give a whitespace separator character if no text part is specified.
A line must always end with a '\n' (newline) character, except it is the
last line of a resource file. The maximum length of a line is limited to
INT_MAX2 characters. A newline character is
automatically appended to the line if the standard output channel is
directed to a file. A newline character is appended to the typed line in a
text editor window if it is completed by pressing the key. In case
the used text editor does not generate the newline character in this way, it
should be set to this mode of operation, otherwise this text editor is useless
for creating Gcal resource files.
The line structure of fixed date entries is:
date part [ whitespace text part ] newline
or more concrete, e.g.:
yyyy[mm[dd|wwwn]] [ whitespace text ] newline
or much more concrete, e.g.:
_PHONE_ Hi, I'm the text!
Besides fixed date entries, a resource file may contain further entries like:
; A remarked line ; A formatted and multi-line \ remark
_TAG_ _TAG_ "file name"
Date variable assignments respectively operations...
dvar=NOTHING dvar=mmdd dvar=mmwwwn dvar=*dn[www] dvar=*wn[www] dvar=dvar[[+|-]n[www]] dvar++ dvar-- dvar+=[+|-]n dvar-=[+|-]n dvar+=nwww dvar-=nwww
Text variable assignments respectively operations...
tvar=[text] tvar?[command] tvar:[command] tvar++ tvar-- tvar+=[+|-]n tvar-=[+|-]n
Text variable references...
Text variable references at the beginning of a Gcal resource file line may only be used if it is ensured that they are expanded to a valid Gcal resource file line.


text:
page > Lesson Plans > Art >
Have a Mobius
Have a Mobius Christmas:
When your class is cutting up strips of paper to make Christmas ornaments, it's a perfect time to introduce them to the Mobius strip. Take a strip of paper about 5 cm wide and 1 meter long, give one end a 180 degree twist, then tape or glue the two ends together. Use scissors to cut down the middle lengthwise of the paper and see what you get, then cut lengthwise AGAIN. Try it again with a complete 360 degree twist on a new piece of paper. Then when you're done, use the paper for Christmas decorations.
|include("/var/www/vhosts/teachnet.com/httpdocs/include/search.txt");?> include("/var/www/vhosts/teachnet.com/httpdocs/include/recent.txt");?>|


text:
If you're a parent with a young child in child care, chances are you've had a call to pick up your child due to some type of illness. Nearly 11 million children under age 6 are in some type of child care every week. As every parent knows, colds happen. Other illnesses happen too, but recognizing when a child should be excluded from child care and when it's okay for them to stay in group care, varies by state and by program.
A study published in Pediatrics Magazine in May, "Unnecessary Child Care Exclusions in a State That Endorses National Exclusion Guidelines" found that child care center directors would exclude nearly 60 percent of children with mild illnesses – although guidelines by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and the American Public Health Association (APHA) would not warrant their exclusion. Directors with greater child care experience made fewer unnecessary exclusion decisions. The authors of the study recommended that child care center directors have initial and ongoing training regarding the AAP/APHA guidelines to reduce the high rates of unnecessary exclusion. For the AAP/APHA cheat sheet on exclusion symptoms and signs, click here.
What's the big deal? When children are excluded from child care due to illness, working parents have to scramble to figure out how to take care of their children and still meet their work obligations so that they can support their families. Many child care programs exclude sick children until they have a doctor's note, are taking antibiotics, or their illness has improved or resolved. In some situations, that's warranted. But, for many mild illnesses, it's not. A new national poll of parents with children under age 6 in child care by the University of Michigan C.S. Mott Children's Hospital found:
- Nearly two-thirds (62 percent) of parents say their children could not attend because of an illness in the past year.
- Nearly 40 percent (38 percent) of parents say their child was unable to attend child care three or more times during the past year.
- One-third (33 percent) of parents are concerned about losing their jobs or losing pay when taking off work to care for their sick children.
- Nearly 10 percent of parents say that taking their sick child to the emergency room is more convenient than seeing a primary care doctor.
- 42 percent of parents said they had missed work in the last year due to their child's illness.
- 26 percent of parents said they missed work 3 or more times over the last year due to their child's illness.
- 50 percent of parents said that finding alternative or back-up child care for their sick children was difficult.
- 33 percent of parents said taking time off from work with a sick child is difficult because they may lose pay or their job.
Clearly, there are illnesses that warrant exclusion. And, no doubt, child care program directors are trying to balance a healthy setting for all children against the working needs of parents. At the same time, the authors of the May Pediatrics article found that many directors were not aware of the AAP/APHA guidelines. Appropriate handling of sick children, including exclusion policies, is yet another reason why training for child care providers (and directors) can make a difference. Training can also help child care providers use healthy practices to reduce the spread of germs. The Child Care and Development Block Grant (CCDBG), the law that allocates funds to states for child care and sets the framework for state child care laws, does not require any training for child care providers – not even basic health and safety practices (let alone sick child exclusion policies). Send an email to your Members of Congress today to urge that CCDBG require minimum training for child care providers. Children do get sick. Child care providers need to know when to exclude children and how to reduce the likelihood that germs will be spread. Training can address both, yet state policies vary greatly. It's time for Congress to require training.


text:
by Shou-Hsuan Liu, Ja-Liang Lin, Cheng-Hao Weng, Huang-Yu Yang, Ching-Wei Hsu, Kuan-Hsing Chen, Wen-Hung Huang, Tzung-Hai Yen
In this study, we investigated the outcomes for patients with intentional organophosphate poisoning. Previous reports indicate that in contrast to normal heart rate-corrected QT intervals (QTc), QTc prolongation might be indicative of a poor prognosis for patients exposed to organophosphates. Methods
We analyzed the records of 118 patients who were referred to Chang Gung Memorial Hospital for management of organophosphate poisoning between 2000 and 2011. Patients were grouped according to their initial QTc interval, i.e., normal (<0.44 s) or prolonged (>0.44 s). Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and mortality data were obtained for analysis. Results
The incidence of hypotension in patients with prolonged QTc intervals was higher than that in the patients with normal QTc intervals (P?=?0.019). By the end of the study, 18 of 118 (15.2%) patients had died, including 3 of 75 (4.0%) patients with normal QTc intervals and 15 of 43 (34.9%) patients with prolonged QTc intervals. Using multivariate-Cox-regression analysis, we found that hypotension (OR?=?10.930, 95% CI?=?2.961–40.345, P?=?0.000), respiratory failure (OR?=?4.867, 95% CI?=?1.062–22.301, P?=?0.042), coma (OR?=?3.482, 95% CI?=?1.184–10.238, P?=?0.023), and QTc prolongation (OR?=?7.459, 95% CI?=?2.053–27.099, P?=?0.002) were significant risk factors for mortality. Furthermore, it was revealed that non-survivors not only had longer QTc interval (503.00±41.56 versus 432.71±51.21 ms, P?=?0.002), but also suffered higher incidences of hypotension (83.3 versus 12.0%, P?=?0.000), shortness of breath (64 versus 94.4%, P?=?0.010), bronchorrhea (55 versus 94.4%, P?=?0.002), bronchospasm (50.0 versus 94.4%, P?=?0.000), respiratory failure (94.4 versus 43.0%, P?=?0.000) and coma (66.7 versus 11.0%, P?=?0.000) than survivors. Finally, Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that cumulative mortality was higher among patients with prolonged QTc intervals than among those with normal QTc intervals (Log-rank test, Chi-square test?=?20.36, P<0.001). Conclusions
QTc interval helps predict mortality after intentional organophosphate poisoning.


From Warhammer 40k - Lexicanum
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Typical Warrior Basic Data Rune Symbol
BielTanGuardian.jpg Name Biel-Tan BielTanRune.jpg
Meaning Rebirth of Ancient Days
Current location Border between Segmentum Tempestus and Ultima Segmentum[12]
Main colours White, green
Favoured unit Aspect Warriors, Exarchs, Avatar of Khaine[2a]
Speciality Destruction of colonies
Reputation Fickle, warlike
Main enemy Orks
Biel-Tan is an Eldar Craftworld, famous for its extreme militarism.
Biel-Tan Craftworld
The Biel-tan Craftworld is famous for its inhabitants' militancy; it is home to more Aspect Warriors than any other craftworld.[2a]
The Eldar of Biel-tan are honourable warriors who have taken it upon themselves to rebuild the lost glory of the ancient Eldar empire, through the destruction of the lesser races who have "usurped" the galaxy, and believe it is glorious to die fighting the enemies of the Craftworld. At the centre of Biel-tan is the Chamber of Heroes where the spirit stones of dead Aspect Warriors are placed. Farseers often come to this room to consult the dead on courses of action.[Needs Citation]
As well as their traditional colours of green and white, the forces of Biel-Tan sport patterns of dark thorny ivy.[2c]
When the Eldar of Biel-Tan go to war they assemble a warhost known as the Bahzhakhain, which means "Swordwind", "Tempest of Blades"[2a] or Frozen Leaves Falling to Cut.[10] The Swordwind's tactic is a single, swift strike taking the enemy by surprise.[2a] This tactic works considerably well with the elite fighting skills of the many Aspect Warriors eliminating the enemy before they can respond. The Biel-Tan therefore make perfect use of the speed and maneuverability of the Wave Serpents and Falcon Grav Tanks.[Needs Citation]
The main target of the Biel-Tan are non-Eldar colonists, particularly non-Eldar occupying Eldar Maiden Worlds. It is especially galling to the Eldar who created these paradise worlds from dead worlds to find them overrun with inferior species. The Eldar of Biel-tan believe the success of other alien races is a threat to the future progression of the Eldar empire. For this reason, the Biel-Tan particularly hate the Orks, Orks being a completely expansionist race, whose occupation of a world quickly becomes permanent. In many cases, Biel-Tan have helped Imperial forces that were under heavy attack by Orks and to hunt down Ork Roks before the tide of Orks can overrun a planet.
The Exarchs of the Craftworld form a council known as the Court of the Young King, it is from this council that the Craftworld's Young Kings are chosen.[2a]
The Swordwind even possess a vehicle that is unique to Biel-Tan. It is a super heavy grav tank called a Void Spinner, which is armed solely with a huge monofilament cannon that works just like any other monofilament weapon except that it incorporates a techno virus that sterilizes the ground that it touches. This makes it extremely useful against the Orks due to the Ork's spore-based method of reproduction, preventing further re-infestation.[Needs Citation]
The symbolic rune of Biel-Tan stands for reincarnation, a fate previously thought reserved for every Eldar before the Fall. The rune roughly translates as Rebirth of Ancient Days, reflecting the intention of the Craftworld to see their former empire restored.[2a][5]
Biel-Tan Eldar[9]
During the closing days of the 41st Millennium, Biel-Tan became the center of the future of the Eldar race. A Biel-Tan native, Yvraine, became an emissary of Ynnead and introduced a plan to birth the God without the need to sacrifice the entirety of the Eldar. However, at the same time, Biel-Tan was subjected to a Daemonic invasion led by Skarbrand and The Masque. Biel-Tan allied with the Ynnari and Phoenix Lords to close the Webway Portal to the Craftworld on Ursulia. The effort was successful, but large numbers of Daemons managed to infiltrate Biel-Tan before the portal was sealed. Worse still, The Masque was able to invade Biel-Tan's Infinity Circuit and began destroying the souls within.[7]
Yvraine revealed that in order to resurrect Ynnead and purge The Masque from Biel-Tan she required an Avatar of the God as well as the Crone Swords. In order to give birth to Yncarne, Yvraine conducted a ritual in Biel-Tan's Infinity Circuit that cost countless Eldar souls. However, while devastated, Biel-Tan endured and remains united on the path to resurrect Ynnead[7]. In the aftermath of the Battle of Biel-tan, its population has been halved with many falling to the Daemons' attack and others choosing to join the ranks of the Ynnari[9]. Those that have remained with the Craftworld now reside on its fleet of ships[8a], while its Bonesingers work tirelessly to keep the world-ship together. These Eldar cling to their orthodox methods, vowing with renewed vigour to destroy all would-be usurpers to their race and bring about a new Aeldari civilisation to rival the ancient empire of old. Biel-Tan's ghost halls have also swelled with newly animated wraith-constructs, bearing the souls of those the infinity circuit can no longer protect[9]. Yet another development is that the surviving members of Biel-Tan's Swordwind have vanished into the Webway. From there, the Swordwind have resolved to maintain the warlike traditions of their Craftworld, and continue to scour ancient Eldar worlds of Xenos usurpers.[8b]
Psychic Awakening
Since the Battle of Khazhar, Biel-Tan has become aided by a great many Exodite warriors.[11a]
The Ixia Wayport on Craftworld Biel-Tan.
Notable Elements
Notable Biel-Tan Eldar
Notable Campaigns and Battles