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According to a recent study published in Science Advances, male and female hearts react differently to the stress hormone noradrenaline. The mouse study might have implications for human cardiac problems such as arrhythmias and heart failure, as well as how different sexes react to different medications.
The researchers created a novel form of fluorescence imaging device that allows them to examine how a mouse heart responds to hormones and neurotransmitters in real time using light. Noradrenaline, commonly known as norepinephrine, was given to the mice. Noradrenaline is a neurotransmitter and a hormone that is involved in the body's "fight or flight" response.
The results reveal that male and female mouse hearts respond uniformly at first after exposure to noradrenaline. However, some areas of the female heart return to normal more quickly than the male heart, which produces differences in the heart's electrical activity.
"The differences in electrical activity that we observed are called repolarization in the female hearts. Repolarization refers to how the heart resets between each heartbeat and is closely linked to some types of arrhythmias," said Jessica L. Caldwell, first author of the study. Caldwell is a postdoctoral scholar in the UC Davis School of Medicine Department of Pharmacology.
"We know that there are sex differences in the risk for certain types of arrhythmias. The study reveals a new factor that may contribute to different arrhythmia susceptibility between men and women," Caldwell said.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Is representing user permissions better in the user table or better in its own permissions table?
Permissions in User table
Putting permissions in the user table means making a column for each permission in the user table. An advantage is queries should run faster because no joins are necessary when relating users to user permissions. A disadvantage is that having many permissions columns clutters the user table.
Permissions in Permission table joined to User table with many-to-many relationship
Doing it this way cleanly separates out the permissions from the user table, but requires a join across two tables to access user permissions. Database access might be slower, but database design seems cleaner.
Perhaps keeping permissions in a separate table is better when there are many permissions. What are other considerations in making this decision, and which design is better in various situations?
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2 Answers
up vote 2 down vote accepted
Your first approach is feasible when the number of different roles/permissions is relatively small. For example if you only have two types of users: normal and admin, a separate table looks like an overkill. Single is_admin column is sufficient and simple.
However this approach does not scale once the number of roles exceeds a few. It has several drawbacks:
 - user table becomes very "wide" having a lot of empty columns (wasting space)
 - adding new role to the system requires altering user table. This is cumbersome and might be time-consuming for large user database
 - listing user roles requires enumerating over all columns, as opposed to simple database query.
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Enumerating permissions columns to show all rolls and running ALTAR command on the db - two things I didn't think of. The separate table quickly becomes more desirable. – steampowered Oct 27 '12 at 18:46
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The standard pattern for access control is called Role Based Security. As both the number of users and the number of different types of permissions you need grows, the management of your user-to-permissions links can become increasingly difficult.
For example, if you have five administrators and fifty users, how do you keep the permissions of each group in synch? When one of your users is promoted to an administrator, how many edits do you need to make? The answer is to create two intersections: users-to-roles and roles-to-permissions.
This solution is described (including entity relationship diagram) in my answer to this question.
enter image description here
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This is a robust answer for a more complex application. As _USER_ notes, a simple application may not even need a rolls table or permissions table. – steampowered Oct 29 '12 at 17:53
nice diagram, what tool did you use? – dangerousdave Dec 13 '13 at 10:38
_USER_ - Sorry for delayed response, I've been out of town. I use Visio with custom smart shapes that I built to use the James Martin ERD visual convention and a custom line pattern that gives it a hand-drawn look. – Joel Brown Dec 16 '13 at 17:16
_USER_ - it's very good! – dangerousdave Dec 17 '13 at 18:53
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Short ton
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The short ton is a unit of weight equal to 2,000 pounds (907.18474 kg), that is most commonly used in the United States where it is known simply as the ton.[1]
United States[edit]
In the United States, a short ton is usually known simply as a "ton",[1] without distinguishing it from the tonne (1,000 kilograms or 2,204.62262 pounds), known there as the "metric ton", or the long ton (2,240 pounds or 1,_PHONE_ kilograms), known there as the "Imperial ton". There are, however, some US applications where unspecified tons normally means long tons (for example, Navy ships)[2] or metric tons (world grain production figures).
Both the long and short ton are defined as 20 hundredweights, but a hundredweight is 100 pounds (45.359237 kg) in the U.S. system (short or net hundredweight) and 112 pounds (50.80234544 kg) in the imperial system (long or gross hundredweight).[1]
A short ton–force is 2,000 pounds-force (8,896.443230521 N).
United Kingdom[edit]
In the UK, short tons are rarely used. The word "ton" is taken to refer to a long ton, and metric tons are distinguished by the "tonne" spelling. Most Commonwealth countries followed British practice with the exception of Canada, which used short tons as well as long tons. Canada now predominantly uses metric tons (tonnes).
See also[edit]
 - Long ton, 2,240 lb (1,_PHONE_ kg).
 - Ton
 - Tonne, also known as a metric ton (t), equal to 1,000 kg (2,_PHONE_ lb) or 1 megagram.
 - Tonnage, volume measurement used in maritime shipping, originally based on 100 cubic feet (2._PHONE_ m3).
 1. ^ a b c "NIST Handbook 44 Specifications: Handbook 44 – 2013 Appendix C – General Tables of Units of Measurement" (PDF). April 26, 2006. p. C-6. Retrieved October 13, 2008. 20 hundredweights = 1 ton


How Many Wives Did Moses of the Bible Have?
While it is commonly believed moses of the Holy Bible had two wives, that is untrue. Moses was married to one woman, Zipporah. The other woman often mistaken for a wife was an Ethiopian woman, that is actually Zipporah. He was married once and that was the first and last marriage.
Q&A Related to "How Many Wives Did Moses of the Bible Have?"
Moses was a Hebrew prophet who received the 10 Commandments. He led the Hebrew people when they left Egypt. He is a leader with a dramatic story in the bible.
Two. Zipporah (Exodus 2:21) and a Cushite woman (Numbers 12:1)
1. Look up Proverbs 31: 9-31. Here you'll find a series of statements about what makes good wives, but this can also work as expressing virtues about mothers. Choose your favorite
God then starts to speak directly to Moses. He tells Moses that He has heard the cries of
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From the bible it is clearly stated that King Ahab had only on wife whose name was Jezebel. After his father death King Ahab and his brother Jeroboam divided the...
The answer to the quiz above is none but instead Noah did take two pairs of each animal on to the ark. According to the Bible, Moses was a religious leader, prophet...


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Self-polymerized Dopamine Thin Film as Bioadhesive
MetadataShow full item record
Dopamine is an interesting biomolecule that functions as a neurotransmitter in the brain. It has been found able to stick to almost all surfaces due to its unique catecholamine structure. Under alkaline conditions, the catechol functional group oxidizes to quinone allowing dopamine to self-polymerize and form thin films on support surfaces. The facts that dopamine can be coated to virtually any materials and the amine and catechol functional groups support a variety of reactions with organic species make polydopamine an attractive multifunctional bioadhesive/coating. To date, most of research on polydopamine has been focusing on its applications as thin films and little attention has been paid to the adhesion aspect of the material. In the study, we evaluated the properties of self-polymerized dopamine thin films as a bioadhesive. The thesis consists of three consecutive studies: (i) characterization of the adhesion properties of polydopamine thin films; (ii) investigation of the mechanical properties of polydopamine thin films; and (iii) exploration of the potential of polydopamine thin films as a wet adhesive. Fundamental insights on the wettability, adhesion behaviours, and mechanical properties of polydopamine thin films for both wet and dry conditions were derived through sets of well-designed contact angle, contact adhesion, and contact deformation experiments. It was found that dopamine is able to coat plastic, ceramic and metal surfaces, and join or bond rigid substrates but might not be suitable for joining soft or flexible parts as polydopamine is fairly rigid and the bonding might be too slow and too rigid for practical applications if polydopamine is directly used as an adhesive. Based on the understanding, a new strategy for fabricating underwater adhesive was proposed and tested. In the strategy, polydopamine with ferric ion as the oxidant was utilized as a cross-linker to alginate solution, effectively turning the solution into a wet adhesive, which demonstrated better practical performances than other studies; the adhesive was able to produce a permanent tensile adhesive strength of 80 kPa joining aluminum and glass with macroscopic roughness at the interface within 2 hours of curing time. Inspired by the results from the contact deformation experiments, we were able to extend the JKR theory with the well-known plate theory to accommodate the deformation of nanometer thin films, obtaining their elasticity. We termed this extended theory the "thin film contact mechanics" and validated the theory against gold thin films and found it predicted the mechanical behaviours of the thin films fairly well.
Cite this work
Fut Yang (2012). Self-polymerized Dopamine Thin Film as Bioadhesive. UWSpace. _URL_

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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- Intergenerational Equity Calculator Test how your current spend rate and other variables will impact the amount of assets you will be able to leave your children.
- Family Business Growth Calculator Shows how fast your company must grow per year to support your growing family.
- Interactive Wealth Calculator Compares your salary history with what might be predicted for someone of your sex, age, race, education, occupation and region.
- Personal Wealth Estimator Calculates current and future net worth
- Net Worth A balance sheet summarizes your assets and liabilities and reveals your net worth.
- Financial IQ TestTake this quick quiz to find out your Financial IQ.
- Estate TaxesUse this calculator to estimate the federal estate taxes that could be due on your estate after you die.
- Savings AccumulationEstimate the future value of your current savings.
- Retirement Portfolio Lifespan How Long Will Your Funds Last?


text:
This paper analyzes the behavior of a Voltage Source Converter Based HVDC system under DC cable fault conditions. The behavior of the HVDC system during a permanent line-to-earth fault is analyzed, outlining the systems configuration and behavior at each stage of the fault timeline. Operation of the proposed system under a single earthing configurations, i.e. Converter (solid) earthed/AC transformer unearthed, was analyzed and simulated, with particular attention paid to the converters operation. It was observed that the development of potential earth loops within the system as a result of DC line-to-earth faults leads to substantial overcurrent and results in system configuration oscillation.
- HVDC power convertors
- HVDC power transmission
- power cables
- power transmission faults
- single earthing configurations


text:
Diversity of endophytic fungi of single Norway spruce needles and their role as pioneer decomposers
The diversity of endophytic fungi within single symptomless Norway spruce needles is described and their possible role as pioneer decomposers after needle detachment is investigated. The majority (90%) of all 182 isolates from green intact needles were identified as Lophodermium piceae. Up to 34 isolates were obtained from single needles. Generally, all isolates within single needles had distinct randomly amplified microsatellite (RAMS) patterns. Single trees may thus contain a higher number of L. piceae individuals than the number of their needles. To investigate the ability of needle endophytes to act as pioneer decomposers, surface-sterilized needles were incubated on sterile sand inoculated with autoclaved or live spruce forest humus layer. The dry weight loss of 13–17% found in needles after a 20-week incubation did not significantly differ between the sterilized and live treatments. Hence, fungi surviving the surface sterilization of needles can act as pioneer decomposers. A considerable portion of the needles remained green during the incubation. Brown and black needles, in which the weight loss had presumably taken place, were invaded throughout by single haplotypes different from L. piceae. Instead, Tiarasporella parca, a less common needle endophyte, occurred among these invaders of brown needles. Needle endophytes of Norway spruce seem thus to have different abilities to decompose host tissues after needle cast. L. piceae is obviously not an important pioneer decomposer of Norway spruce needles. The diversity of fungal individuals drops sharply when needles start to decompose. Thus, in single needles the decomposing mycota is considerably less diverse than the endophytic mycota.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Orientation & Mobility
Orientation and mobility training (O & M) helps a blind or visually impaired child know where he is in space and where he wants to go (orientation). It also helps him be able to carry out a plan to get there (mobility). Orientation and mobility skills should begin to be developed in infancy starting with basic body awareness and movement, and continuing on into adulthood as the individual learns skills that allow him to navigate his world efficiently, effectively, and safely. Today, orientation and mobility specialists have developed strategies and approaches for serving increasingly younger populations so that O & M training may begin in infancy. Superior Pediatric Care has the ability to provide O & M to our school districts and early intervention programs as needed by the students/children of those environments.


Blancco Drive Eraser issue report is a detailed report that contains additional system information and log files which can be used to understand and reproduce a problem that has occurred with Blancco Drive Eraser. The issue report file is encrypted and it can only be opened by Blancco personnel. The issue report file's default name is in the following format: "". If the issue report file is opened, for example with some text editor software, the following comment line will be shown: "issue". This comment entry makes it possible to quickly tell the difference between a normal report, an issue report and a crash report.
If you are having a problem with the Blancco Drive Eraser, and the most common troubleshooting tips and user manual instructions do not seem to help, it is time to contact Blancco's Technical Support team. When contacting Technical Support, it is important to include the Blancco Drive Eraser issue report in the contact ticket. It is recommended that the issue report file should be zipped before adding it as an attachment.
To collect the issue report:
Drive Eraser:
 1. Connect a USB memory stick to the computer.
 2. Click the Report issue button, or press F2.
 3. Select the USB memory device from the "Select media" list.
 4. It is recommended to use the default issue report name, but it is fine to add more details to the file name (for example if you are sending more than one issue report).
 5. Write a problem description to the "Problem description" field.
 6. Click "Save" to save the report on a USB stick, or click "Send" to send the issue report to Blancco Management Console.
Management Console:
Is used when erasure control is set to "Management Console" on Blancco Drive Eraser.
 1. Navigate to Live Management page under Process Management.
 2. Select correct Drive eraser session.
 3. Select "Fetch Issue report" from Manage Session drop menu.
 4. Write a problem description to the "Comment" field.
 5. Refresh "Live Management" page and download issue report from "Manage Session" Drop menu.
In addition to collecting the issue report, there should a description of the technical issue included in the support ticket:
 - What is the exact problem?
 - Was there some specific error message?
 - What steps were taken before the problem occurred?
The best moment to collect the issue report is right after the problem has occurred. For example: An erasure process has been finished, but Blancco Drive Eraser reports "Verification failed" for all of the hard drives, even though there should be no obvious reason for this to happen. Now is the best moment for collecting the issue report. The whole erasure process has been completed, and now the issue report log files will more likely show what went wrong in the verification part of the process. If the issue report is collected right after Blancco Drive Eraser is started, and before the verification part fails, then the log files will only provide process details up that point.
In some cases it is not possible to save the issue report (for example system crashes during startup, software freezes during erasure, etc.). In cases like these there is a possibility to collect a Blancco Drive Eraser crash report (Blancco 5 version 5.8.0 or newer).


text:
This is a pretty simple Django question, but I can't find the answer in the Django docs, despite lots of hunting!
How do I check whether an object already exists, and only add it if it does not already exist?
Here's the code - I don't want to add the follow_role twice in the database if it already exists. How do I check first? Use get() maybe - but then will Django complain if get() doesn't return anything?
current_user = request.user follow_role = UserToUserRole(from_user=current_user, to_user=user, role='follow') follow_role.save()
There's a helper function for this idiom called 'get_or_create' on your model manager:
role, created = UserToUserRole.objects.get_or_create( from_user=current_user, to_user=user, role='follow')
It returns a tuple of (model, bool) where'model' is the object you're interested in and 'bool' tells you whether it had to be created or not.


text:
Learn something new every day More Info... by email
Thermoelasticity is the change in the size and shape of a solid object as the temperature of that object fluctuates. Materials that are more elastic will expand and contract more than those materials that are more inelastic. Scientists use their understanding of thermoelasticity to design materials and objects that can withstand fluctuations in temperature without breaking.
Scientists have understood the equations that describe thermoelasticity for over 100 years but have only recently begun stress testing materials in order to determine how thermoelastic they are. By subjecting materials to rising and falling temperatures, engineers are able to predict how much these materials will expand or contract at different temperatures. This knowledge is important when building machines or weight bearing structures with pieces that need to fit closely together. Understanding the principles of thermoelasticity helps engineers design things that maintain their structural integrity for a range of temperatures.
The principles of thermoelasticity have affected the way engineers design a number of different objects. Knowing that concrete expands when it is heated, for instance, is the reason that sidewalks are designed with small spaces between the slabs. Without these spaces, the concrete would have no room to expand, causing a great deal of stress on the material, and leading to cracks, breaks or holes. Likewise, bridges are designed with expansion joints to allow for the components to expand as they are heated.
All materials that are elastic expand when heated and contract when cooled. The expansion that is described by thermoelasticity formulas is caused by an increase in the movement of the atoms in the material. These atoms remain linked to each other as a solid heats but the molecular bonds grow in size, allowing the atoms to move away from each other and causing the material to grow. Conversely, when a material is cooled, the atoms move less and the bonds pull them closer to each other.
The principles of thermoelasticity dictate that the expansion caused by an increase in temperature will cause an object to expand in all directions. Slabs of concrete expand out towards one another, up away from the ground, and down towards the ground when they are heated. Cups or other vessels will expand in all directions as well in such a way that the total volume they can contain increases along with the size of the vessel. Specific formulas are used in the study of thermoelasticity to describe how objects change in shape with changes in temperature.


Shear Force
Last updated: February 15, 2019
What Does Shear Force Mean?
Shear force is the force acting on a substance in a direction perpendicular to the extension of the substance, acting in a direction to a planar cross section of a body.
Shear force is the summation of the effect of shear stress over a surface, and often results in shear strain. Bending moment and shear force calculations are essential while designing any structural members.
Shear force is also known as shearing force.
Corrosionpedia Explains Shear Force
Shear force is an internal force in any material which is usually caused by any external force acting perpendicular to the material, or a force which has a component acting tangent to the material. Shearing forces are unaligned forces pushing one part of a body in one direction, and another part of the body in the opposite direction. When the forces are aligned into each other, they are called compression forces.
For example, a force of 10 newtons (N) is exerted at the edge of a beam. This is an external force. Since the beam is a rigid structure, the force is internally transferred all along the beam. This internal force is known as shear force. The shear force between one end and the other is usually plotted on a shear force diagram. Compared to tensile and compressive stress and strain, shear forces act over an area which is in line with the forces.
Using these diagrams, the type and size of a member of a given material can be easily determined. Transverse loading also induces shear forces that cause shear deformation of the material and increase the transverse deflection of the member.
Shearing Force
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Explore Panama's Natural Wonders in the BioMuseo
The Biomuseum is an eye-opening experience detailing the impact of Panama on the world's biodiversity. It is a museum that explores the profound link between the country's history and its natural heritage. Designed by arguably the most celebrated architect of our era, Frank Gehry, the museum centers around the formation of the isthmus of Panama and features five galleries, a botanical park, and many temporary exhibitions. Its combination of unusual shapes and bright colors is a reflection of the exuberant local biodiversity and Panama's colorful culture. It is a testament to Panama's commitment to sustainability and is a "must visit" for any traveler.
This Activity is...
More Stops Along Panama's Cultural Heritage Experience
If you're looking for more activities that celebrate Panama's diverse culture and unique history, the Cultural Heritage Experience is where you'll find them.


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The name of the island is Lohachara not that many of us are going to remember it for long. We'll probably recall it as that little island off India, the first once inhabited island to disappear from the surface of the earth due to rising sea levels attributed to global warming.
Lohachara was a small island that supported a population of 10,000 in the Bay of Bengal near where the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers meet the sea. It is believed that other islands in the area will soon also be submerged displacing some 70,000 more islanders.
Several uninhabited islands have disappeared in recent years, notably in the South Pacific. Lohachara is unique because it was inhabited.


text:
Tools & Supplies > Clay Drape and Slump Molds|
See Lesson Plan #21 for a project using a drape mold.
These plaster drape, hump, and slump molds are widely used in schools, institutions, the military and are particularly useful in the occupational therapy departments of hospitals. Available in 19 shapes and sizes, they can be used to make an unlimited number of forms including bowls, platters, planters, vases, masks, dishes, etc. Just drape a slab of clay over the top of the mold and let your originality do the rest.
Brent Slab Rollers create a perfect clay slab every time, click here to learn more!


Legal Tender 2020-06-04 08:00:00
Legal Tender
Legal tender is the national currency of a nation. It prohibits the use of any other currency. Legal tender must be accepted by creditors as payment for debt. Only government institutions such as the U.S. Treasury in the United States and the Royal Canadian Mint in Canada can issue legal tender. Specifically, in the United States, Federal Reserve notes and coins are legal tender and marked as such. Some currencies, such as the U.S. Dollar and Euro, can be used as legal tender in other countries.
Manage risk and help maximize opportunity
What is Investment Property Wealth Management?
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text: Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) has recently been used for assessing the cerebral oxygen metabolism. However, a systematic investigation on the most suitable imaging parameters and reconstruction algorithms for determining the venous susceptibility values is missing. Therefore, we investigated both, the impact of flow compensation and accelerated acquisition as well as different reconstruction methods on measured venous susceptibility. Our results suggest that the choice of reconstruction technique can significantly influence the venous susceptibility values while the investigated imaging parameters did not considerably affect its accuracy. Thus, the applied QSM reconstruction technique has to be considered carefully when quantifying the venous oxygenation.


Broad Bean
Vicia faba
The broad bean is, despite it's name, not a bean but belongs to the vetch species. It has ben cultivated by humans for thousand of years. The plant is hardy and the big seeds are very filling and high in protein.
Witkiem, ekofrö
Super Aquadulce, ekofrö
Express, ekofrö
Hangdown, ekofrö
The broad bean is a member of the Pea family but not a close relative of the other beans. Instead it belongs to the Vetch species and is also called fava bean, field bean, tic bean and horse bean depending on the size of the seeds.
It is probably originally from the Caspian Sea and the Middle East, where it was grown already in the younger Stone Age. Broad beans have been found in Egyptian graves and in the ruins of Troy. The Romans and the Greeks used them in many different ways. The broad bean arrived in China via the Silk Road in the 100s CE. There it is used the most today.
Today broad beans are mostly grown in the Iberian Peninsula, Holland and Britain.
Broad beans grow upright with sturdy stalks of ab. 1m and fragrant white-black or red flowers. There are short sorts of ab. 30-40cm as well as tall ones of 150cm. It is different than other beans since the pods are rarely used, only the large seeds - often unripe and tender but also dried for use in winter.
The grey-green seeds are high in protein and very filling. They're used in soups, purée, casseroles or sautéed with herbs in oil. They can also be frozen after parboiling and ripe ones can be dried for winter storage. Lots of people like to peel the beans after a quick boil, like almonds, to take away the bitter peel. Quite young pods where the seeds have only just begun to develop are delicious slightly poached or fried.


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Text description provided by the architects. St. Joseph is a concrete form to be made habitable independent of the building site. The concrete shell is placed at the edge of the remainder of a plain along the Danube floodplains. Its basic measurements are 615 cm by 620 cm by 2230 cm. The concrete form is set on 4 supports – one one-legged element, two two-legged elements and one three-legged element. Its distance from the ground ranges from 120 cm to 210 cm.
A second form, soft, white and independent of the outer shell, is set within the concrete shell. The white form opens up and programs – makes habitable, if you wish – the concrete shell's inner area, which is 2165 cm long and approx. 515 cm high. These are two interleaved forms, each with a different hardness and materiality.


text:
Te Papa's Bush City is currently graced by a good display of sprays of the white, bell-like flowers of Jovellana sinclairii. If you're visiting, you can see them beside the waterfall, on the lower track.
Jovellana sinclairii is not a common plant in the wild. You're most likely to find this large herb beside streams and other wet places. But it makes a good garden plant, in damp, shaded areas.
There is one other species of Jovellana in New Zealand. The group of plants to which they belong (the Calceolariaceae) otherwise occurs in South America.
A recent study using DNA to investigate the relationships of these plants concluded that the ancestor of the New Zealand species had arrived from South America within the last few million years.


St Louis Pest Control Blog
Where Do MOLES Go When It Gets Cold
Where do moles go when it gets cold outside? In the St. Louis region, no where, they just go where the cold isn't. And since they live below the surface of your yard, they can only go one direction, down. This is very easy for moles to do since they already have main (permanent) tunnels located deep below the surface. That is how they can easy pop up in different parts of your yard without making any surface damage from one spot to another.
As it gets colder, insects that they feed on also tend to dig down deeper, somewhere below the frost line. And since moles stay active all winter long, they need to go where the food is.
The colder weather also makes it harder for you to control mole activity. Since the insects are moving downward, moles will not find as many insects as they would like, so they tend not to return to a newly dug feeder run in your yard like they would during warmer months. This doesn't mean you can't get them, it just means you need to have more patience.
Ask our experts!


Football Fever!
The 2018 World Cup has got everyone talking – even our Pre-School children! Great Explorers have loved expanding their knowledge of the world by learning more about the different competing teams.
The class cheered on England by having their faces painted with the St George's Cross ahead of their first game against Tunisia. The boys and girls have taken a real interest in the tournament by learning about each country's flag and where they come from in the world.
They made brilliant bunting and their own football kits to make 'Ghyll Royd United'. The bunting was made from the different countries' flags which the children copied then wrote out the names of. There were some very tricky and unusual words to spell out but the Great Explorers did a tremendous job, with brilliant handwriting!
Nursery pose with their handmade World Cup Bunting
Finally, the children used their memories to remember the flags in a corners game. Miss Coulton called out a country and the class ran to the correct flag. Football fever is certainly in the air in Ilkley! Is football coming home?!
Nursery pupil smiling at the camera with his artwork Nursery pupil concentrating on writing on his flag Child poses with miniature football player she has made


Welcome to Personal Backup X8
About Personal Backup
Intego Personal Backup is a comprehensive backup solution for Mac OS X, protecting you from data loss by making copies of your documents, applications, and system files onto external media.
Intego Personal Backup can back up your files to most media, including:
 - Partitions or volumes on your hard drive
 - External hard drives
 - Removable media (such as USB key drives)
 - Optical media (such as recordable CDs or DVDs)
 - Network volumes
 - AirPort disks (hard disks connected to Apple's AirPort Extreme or Time Capsule base station)
 - An iPod (if it offers hard disk mode)
 - Disk images
At its simplest, backing up files with Personal Backup requires dragging and dropping a couple of folders and clicking the Backup button. For more complex tasks, Personal Backup's advanced mode lets you create backup scripts that perform multiple actions, and that can run on predetermined schedules.
About Backups
Personal Backup performs the following operations:
One common backup strategy is to make a copy of all your files when you first run Personal Backup. Then on each subsequent run, you direct the program to copy only those files that have changed since the last backup. This is called an "incremental" backup. (Don't worry - Personal Backup makes these easy.)
A bootable backup copies a volume with Mac OS X on it to a second hard disk so the new location can act as a startup disk. The bootable backup process creates an exact duplicate of the source, so the destination can function exactly as the source. If you have a system problem on your Mac, you can connect the backup disk, restart your Mac while holding down the Option key, select the backup disk and start up your Mac. You can copy all the user files on your Mac to a safe location, then "restore" the bootable backup to your Mac by performing a bootable backup in the opposite direction. You'll then be up and running without having to reinstall Mac OS X, its system updates, and your own applications.
Backup Decisions
Before you implement your backup plan, determine four things:
 - Source: Which files will I back up?
 - Destination: Where will these backup files be stored?
 - Archives: How long will I keep backup files?
The destination for your backups could be on the same device as the source, although we recommend you use an external device for all backups except the most casual (and insecure). The problem with the source and destination existing on the same device is that a problem with that device (such as a hard drive crash) could easily destroy both your originals and your backups, leaving you with nothing.
Instead, we recommend you make backups to another device, such as a CD, DVD, or external hard drive. (Note that high-capacity external hard drives are relatively inexpensive.) To save space (and copying time over a network), Personal Backup can make incremental backups that replace only those files that have changed or been created since the last backup.
We recommend you take the total size of your source files and budget at least twice as much space on your destination disk. This ensures that there is enough room for the many files that change from one backup to the next. If you are merely making a clone of your hard disk, however, you can use an external hard disk that is the same size as your internal disk.
When you use removable media (such as CDs or DVDs), Personal Backup will let your backups span multiple discs, asking you to insert a new disc as each one fills up. In this way you have a (theoretically) infinitely big destination: all you need is more discs! However, such media can become inconvenient for very large backups, such as those of your entire Mac, as you'd have to attend to the backup and switch out disks every few minutes.
Finally, it's a good idea to create a bootable backup of your Mac OS X startup volume on an external hard drive in case you suffer major disk problems or cannot start up your Mac for other reasons. Then, if problems occur, you can restart your Mac from this disk and get to work immediately.
Using Scripts to Automate Backups
Regardless of whether you create a backup, synchronization, or bootable backup, the specific details of your session are called a "script". (You don't need a script to restore files, however.)
There are three advantages to using scripts. First, they ensure that you back up the same files, in the same way, every time; second, scripts can trigger actions from other programs and Mac OS X; third, Personal Backup lets you schedule scripts to run periodically without requiring your attention.
For example, you might create a script that does the following every day at 5 pm:
 1. Selects all spreadsheet documents that are under 20 MB;
 2. Scans them with Intego VirusBarrier X6;
 3. Backs them up, keeping only the two latest versions, then;
 4. Shuts down your Mac.
Your First Backup
Making your first backup is simple. First, launch Intego Personal Backup; there are three ways to do this:
Navigate to your Applications folder in the Finder, then, double-click the Personal Backup icon.
Or, from the Intego menu, choose Personal Backup > Open Personal Backup….
Or, click the Personal Backup icon in your Dock.
If you haven't created any scripts already in a previous version of Personal Backup, the first time you launch the program it displays a window with three default scripts, a backup, bootable backup, and a synchronization script, none of which have source, destination or options defined.
To create a first backup, click the "untitled backup script" to select it. Next, add your source. To do this, drag its folder - that is, the one containing files you want to back up - from the Finder to the area labeled Click to choose Source. (You can also click in that area and navigate to the source folder through Mac OS X's file selection window.)
Do the same for the backup's destination.
The window will now show which folder you intend to back up, and where they're going.
Then click the Play button, which looks like a right-pointing triangle labeled Back Up.
Have more questions? Submit a request


do this is to set the ForceExecutionResults property value to Failure on the task we want to fail. (This is a great trick to remember whenever you're testing your SSIS packages.)
In this case, I configure the property on the second Data Flow task so it will fail. Now when I run the package, the package will stop at the second Data Flow task, as shown in Figure 2. Notice that the first three tasks ran successfully, as I would have expected, and the Data Flow task has failed.
Figure 2: Running an SSIS package configured to fail
Because the package failed at a task configured to use checkpoints, the XML checkpoint file is retained in the designated folder. If you view the file's content, you should see a set of XML elements and attributes similar to those shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3: Viewing the XML checkpoint file after package failure
Notice first that the file contains a element and embedded within that is a single element. The element describes the number user-defined variable I added to the package when I first created it. One of the elements within the element is , and as you can see, the value has been set to 2, which was the current value when the package failed (after the Script task had sent the value to 2). This confirms that SSIS has properly maintained the variable value.
Next in the XML file, you'll find three elements. Each element corresponds to one of the tasks that ran successfully. (The GUID identifies the executable associated with the XML element.)
Because our SSIS package has been configured to use checkpoints, SSIS will reference the XML file if you rerun the package. SSIS will see that the three tasks ran successfully and start at the next task in the control flow.
However, before rerunning the package, you must address the problem that caused the package failure. In this case, that means reconfiguring the ForceExecutionResults property on the second Data Flow task by setting the property value to None, the default value. Now when you rerun the package, it will use the checkpoint file and start where it left off, as shown in Figure 4.
Figure 4: Rerunning an SSIS package that uses checkpoints
As you can see, the first three control flow components do not run because the checkpoint file shows that they have already run. So the package starts running at the second Data Flow task, the task that had originally failed.
Once the package completes running successfully, SSIS deletes the XML checkpoint file. If you were to rerun the package again, SSIS would start at the beginning.
Implementing Checkpoints
Clearly, checkpoints can be a handy tool if you want to avoid having to rerun components that manage large amounts of data. But you have to be careful not to implement them in ways that result in data not being managed correctly. For example, you should be wary implementing checkpoints on a Foreach Loop container or if you want to process multiple components as a unit. And you shouldn't implement checkpoints unnecessarily. For instance, in our example above, implementing checkpoints on the first Execute SQL task would have provided little benefit. That said, checkpoints can be quite useful when working with large datasets. So consider using them when necessary, but use them wisely.


text:
Intro: Purple Light(BLACK LIGHT)
Quick & Cheap experiment
It is also called UV light
Step 1: Things Needed Are 3.
1.Flash light (cell phones flash light also can be used)
2.Transperant and write able TAPE
3. 2 markers (voilet and blue)
Step 2: Final Step
1. Take a piece of tape cover it on flash light,colour the tape with blue marker
2. Again do the same process on it, of blue marker
3. Take another piece of tape cover it on flash light,colour the tape with voilet marker
4. Apply the last layer of tape
Step 3: Try It..!!!!!
CHECK YOUR TOILET'S,MATTRESS,
PLEASE LIKE IT????


text:
The LSE Social Statistics group is delighted to announce this one day workshop.
This workshop takes place in the 'BOX' on the fifth floor, Tower 3 on the LSE campus on Tuesday 27 November 2012, staring at 10.30am. Attendance is free of charge, but registration is essential. Please email Sara Geneletti to register.
Researchers using statistical modelling in the analysis of survey data in social and medical research are often unsure how to make use of survey weights. In recent years a number of new methods have been proposed for incorporating survey weights into statistical models. This one day workshop looks at novel approaches to this problem in the context of small area estimation, multiple imputation and evidence synthesis. The talks will focus on how to apply these methods with real examples.
The provisional timetable for the meeting is:
10:45-10:55 Sara Geneletti (LSE): Introduction
10:55-11:25 Chris Skinner (LSE) : Incorporating survey weights into modelling: an overview
11:25-12:05 Michael R Elliott (University of Michigan School of Public Health): Bootstrapping Bayes estimators in complex sample designs
13:00-13:40 James Carpenter (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine): Using survey weights with multiple imputation: a multilevel approach
13:40-14:20 Shaun Seaman (MRC Biostatistics Unit): Combining multiple imputation and inverse probability weighting
14:35-15:15 Jouni Kuha (LSE): Group means as explanatory variables in multilevel models
15:15-15:35 Discussants Sara Geneletti (LSE) and Nicky Best (Imperial College London)
15:35-16:00 Open discussion
Using survey weights with multiple imputation: a multilevel approach
Multiple imputation for partially observed data with survey weights has been criticized, because Rubin's variance formula may be invalid. Focusing on a regression setting, we discuss this criticism, and argue that multilevel imputation can address some of the issues. We illustrate with some simulations and an analysis of the Youth Cohort Study.
Michael R Elliott
Bootstrapping Bayes estimators in complex sample designs
Bayesian applications typically postulate independent observations in order to obtain tractable forms of likelihoods. Sample designs that involve clustering are easily handled in this setting by assuming independence conditional on latent random effects associated with each cluster, which can then be easily integrated out, typically through the use of numerical methods (e.g., Markov Chain Monte Carlo). However, other complex sample design features such as sampling weights and stratification are not so easily incorporated into Bayesian estimators (Gellman 2007). In the regression setting weights can be incorporated in model estimation by including interaction terms between weights and regression parameters (Elliott 2007); in other settings such as small area estimation summary statistics can be computed that incorporate sample design (Raghunathan et al. 2007). But a general solution to the problem of Bayesian estimation using data from complex sample designs has not been proposed. In this talk I will propose the use of posterior predictive distributions of a population from finite population Bayesian bootstraps (FPBB) (Dong, Elliott, Raghunathan 2012) as one such possible general solution. FPBB produce posterior predictive distributions that have simple random sample properties that can be used to derive posterior estimates of the parameters of interest by reweighting simulated draws from the original sample. I will consider the repeated sampling properties of this method in a simulation study.
Group means as explanatory variables in multilevel models
Research questions for clustered data often concern the effects of cluster-level averages of individual-level variables. Typically such averages are estimated using just data on respondents in a survey. This incurs a measurement error bias when these estimates are used as explanatory variables in modelling. The error variance can, however, be estimated, and we can then apply statistical measurement error methods to adjust for the error. This talk considers such estimation for generalised linear mixed models. The proposed approach involves two stages of estimation where survey weights and other information on sampling design may need to be used in the first stage even when they will not be in the second.
Combining multiple imputation and inverse probability weighting
Multiple imputation (MI) is a technique commonly used to deal with missing values when analysing data. Another technique used for the same purpose is inverse probability weighting (IPW). Inverse probability weights are also used to deal with differential sampling fractions in survey data. These latter weights are known as sampling (or survey) weights. MI may be used in combination with IPW for either or both of two reasons. First, MI may be used to deal with missing data in a study with sampling weights. Second, MI may be used only to impute isolated missing values and then inverse probability weights used to account for the remaining larger blocks of missing data. I shall compare MI and IPW, discuss why and how the two may be combined, and present theoretical and simulation results concerning the unbiasedness of parameter and variance estimates based on Rubin's Rules when MI and IPW are thus combined. An example involving data from the National Child Development Study will be presented.
Incorporating survey weights into modelling: an overview
This talk will aim to provide an overview of : types of survey weights and why weights are needed; standard methods for incorporating weights into modelling, such as weighted maximum likelihood methods and weights as covariates; challenges for incorporating weights into Bayesian modelling; weight modification and alternatives to weighting


next up previous
Next: Pre-Planned Set Plays Up: Flexible Team Structure Previous: Dynamic Switching of Formations
Flexible Positions
In our multiagent approach, the player positions itself flexibly such that it anticipates that it will be useful to the team, either offensively or defensively.
Two ways in which agents can use the position flexibility is to react to the ball's position and to mark opponents. When reacting to the ball's position, the agent moves to a location within its range that minimizes its distance to the ball. When marking opponents, agents move next to a given opponent rather than staying at the default position home. The opponent to mark can be chosen by the player (e.g., the closest opponent), or by the unit captain which can ensure that all opponents are marked, following a preset algorithm as part of the locker-room agreement.
Homogeneous agents can play different positions. But such a capability raises the challenging issue of when the players should change positions. The locker-room agreement provides procedures to the team that allow for coordinated role changing. In our case, the locker-room agreement designates an order of precedence switching among positions within each unit. By switching positions within a formation, the overall joint performance of the team is improved. Position-switching saves player energy and allows them to respond more quickly to the ball.
Peter Stone
Sun Dec 7 06:54:15 EST 1997


small remark on OWL Guide
From: edhel
Date: Sat, 27 Sep 2003 22:42:08 +0800
Message-ID: <000801c38505$8834acb0$36bcfa50@ed>
In chapter 3.3. Property Characteristics written:
If a property, P1, is tagged as the owl:inverseOf P2, then for all x, y, and z:
P1(x,y) iff P2(y,x)
Note that the syntax for owl:inverseOf takes a property name as an argument. A iff B means (A implies B) and (B implies A).
1) imho it is better to write simply "for all x and y" (without z)
2) but below in explanation of InverseFunctionalProperty there is written vice versa "for all x and y" but need x,y,z
3) "IFF" was explained here, but already was used above
edhel, Russia
Received on Saturday, 27 September 2003 11:51:24 GMT


Previous: val, Up: Invoking CSSC Programs
3.16 what
The what program is designed to search in files for the recognition string '@(#)'. All the strings it finds matching this are printed on standard output.
The exit status of what if zero is a matching string as found, and 1 otherwise.
3.16.1 Options for what
what [-s] [-V] file [file...]
Exit successfully after finding the first string.
Show version information for what.
3.16.2 Example
While the file is being edited (either at first or after 'get -e'):-
 _TAG_ CONFIG_NO_SCCS_IDS
 static const char sccs_id[] = "%W%";
When the file is checked out for compiling (with get):-
 _TAG_ CONFIG_NO_SCCS_IDS
 static const char sccs_id[] = "@(#)foo.c 1.3";
After compiling:-
 $ what foo
 foo.c 1.3
If the executable is linked from several source files, you will get a line of output for each string containing the identification string '@(#)'. This is useful for finding out exactly what code went into an executable. This technique also works on object files, archive libraries, text files, and in fact any sorts of files at all.
Unlike the strings command, there is no way to make what operate on standard input. The data would need to be written to a file first.
The rationale for the preprocessor construct CONFIG_NO_SCCS_IDS is that sometimes compilers or lint-pickers complain that the variable sccs_id is unused, and defining CONFIG_NO_SCCS_IDS will remove these ids and thus silence the warnings.


text:
SING WITH ME - More Children's Favorites is an interactive book dedicated to empowering children through the introduction of words and music. Using sound button technology, children press to listen to classics:
- Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star
- If You're Happy and You Know It
- Itsy Bitsy Spider
- Old MacDonald
- A-Tisket, A-Tasket
Children develop fine motor skills and learn to love books.
The book is suitable for all ages. It captures the mind and attention of a child as young as few months old.


text:
The sauce is a extruded mixture of carbon black, kaolin, chalk and glue, sold in the form of short sticks, wrapped in foil. In their artistic qualities, it resembles a pastel, but more saturated in tone. Has great expressive power and are equally successfully applied to thumbnails and sketches to large works. Sauce exactly fall on the paper, can be applied by stroke and feather, goes well with other materials, such as coal or ink. It has 10 colour shades: white (more suited for drawings on tinted paper), brown, gray, khaki, black (gives a very beautiful, deep, velvety shades from the darkest to lightest) and some others. Draw the sauce in two ways – dry and wet.
A dry method. For drawing you can take a smooth paper, but most paper is used on an invoice basis. Work dry sauce about the same as coal. The transition from dark tones to lighter is achieved by rostoski – pointed fingers, a tightly rolled from cut triangle paper strips. Dry sauce are the main forms of the picture, and the details applied by the Italian pencil. Drawings made in the dry way, fix varnish, kept under glass, or shift a thin paper.
To draw in the wet way easier. Take a thick, grainy paper. Break off a piece of sauce and put it in a container with a small amount of water. The less water, the more intense will be the color. Taken brush like watercolors. Prepare another supplementary sheet, on which you can test the saturation of the paint on the brush. Drying the sauce is fixed on the paper, but it is easily erased by the elastic band, good shade, so the transitions from tone to tone are made dry. Fine details are drawn with watercolor brushes, a wide plane – bristle. Drawings made wet sauce, the fixation is not needed.
Often these two methods are combined in one figure. To do this, first apply the shades wet sauce from light to dark. Small parts are drawn in the dry way.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Here's a screenshot of the duty calendar in the system I'm working on (I've deleted all names here for privacy reasons).
Each person can have a day of particular type (listed in the legend above: working day, friday (i.e. shortened) etc.).
Those types are changing in a way shown in the picture: first you click in the type inside the legend (legend changes it's background) and then put it in the calendar - just like color picker in photoshop.
enter image description here
So: is this method good or do I have to think of something else?
share|improve this question
I would consider not repeating the day number and day name inside each cell, instead have that information as a column header... it would remove a lot of the visual clutter. – Erics Jan 27 '12 at 5:05
_USER_, that's not actualy my idea, i was told to do so by users – k102 Jan 30 '12 at 13:16
2 Answers 2
up vote 7 down vote accepted
The Right Information
Firstly, make sure your displays show the information the user needs to make good decisions and input. The use of a color-coded matrix assumes that your user is trying to achieve a certain pattern of assignments, such as a certain number of people in each duty type per day (e.g., have adequate coverage when some are on vacation), or systematic rotation of duties among the workers, or cyclic frequencies of duties per month. It implies that the user sits down each month and plans the roster. If that's the way users do things, then it's fine. Your user research will tell you if that's the case.
Consider an alternative where the pattern of duties over workers and time doesn't matter. What if, instead, assigning a person to a duty depended on their rank, training, level of experience, and sock color? That would imply a very different interface that focuses on the characteristics of the individual rather than the pattern of duties over a month, perhaps a UI showing one worker per page. Possibly, duty assignment involves relative individual characteristics, so you want a table to see who has higher values of relevant characteristics for duty assignment. Possibly both the monthly pattern and individual characteristics are important, so you need to show both.
The Right Input
Assuming the matrix is the way to go, your suggested method of input is a good way to do it. I call it a pointer-tool input, which, as you note, is similar to the "palettes" of "tools" (there's a mixed metaphor) used in drawing and image manipulation programs (e.g., to fill a space with a certain color). IMO, pointer-tool is underutilized.
The main alternative is basic selection-action input. Here, the user selects the days for each worker first then selects a command button to set the duty for the selected worker-days.
Assuming you're supporting multi-selection in either case (with dragging, control-clicking, and shift-clicking), both methods are about equally efficient. The main difference is that pointer-tool puts the user in a mode. That's good if the user tends to stay with assigning one kind of duty for a long time, gradually filling the matrix with that duty. In contrast, selection-action in such a case means lots of single-selection of a worker-day followed by a command button, a two-step process that gets old fast (although putting the Duty commands on a context menu would make it a lot easier). Or the user of selection-action uses Ctrl-click to select a complicated pattern of worker-days to set them all to a single duty, but then accidentally clicks somewhere else blowing away the multi-selection. That error can't happen with pointer-tool.
The main problem with pointer-tool is that users may forget what mode they're in and accidentally set a bunch of worker-days to the wrong duty with a single swipe of the hand. Obviously you should have Undo whether you use pointer-tool or selection-action, so that should only be a mild annoyance, but it is something to consider. The main way to combat mode-forgetting is with strong feedback on the current mode. The currently selected duty should be obvious (I don't see that in the wireframe), and the sprite (pointer symbol) should change to represent the current duty (both with color and shape, in your case).
Another potential issue is that many users are less familiar with pointer-tool than selection-action, but that has to be weighed against similar unfamiliarity with multi-selection, which may be a critical skill for efficiently using selection-action. Check with your users. If they are familiar with Photoshop, then pointer-tool will probably work okay, especially if you make your duty menu look more like a tool palette and less like a bar of buttons.
The bottom line is selection-action is probably better when there is a lot of switching between duty types, while pointer-tool is better when users stick with one duty type for many interactions. Your user research will tell you which is compatible with your users.
Details make the Difference
Beyond the form of input, consider what you can do to attend to the details of the users' specific task. That will make the bigger difference in the UX than pointer-tool versus selection-action. This may include:
 - Multi-selection, which I already mentioned, so that users can set a whole block of worker-days to the same duty (probably especially handy for assigning vacation times).
 - Good defaults minimizing the amount of work in the first place. Perhaps each new month can by default be the same as the previous month. Or perhaps Fridays should by default all be the Friday Duty. Whatever saves your users work.
 - Automation tools that allow the user to set a common pattern for a given worker(s) or day(s) ( e.g., standard rotation of duties).
 - Aggregates showing counts or other statistics of each duty type in the margins, which may be important for achieving target numbers of duties per day or per worker.
 - Copying and moving allowing users to duplicate or shift a block of duties to a different set of days and/or workers. This may be through Cut/Copy and Paste, supplemented with drag-and-drop. Note that for pointer-tool, this implies you need a generic Selection tool in addition to your duty tools.
 - Redundant codes where shade or distinct symbols also indicate the duty of the worker-day. This is primarily for accessibility reasons, but a symbol may also be easier to learn and remember than a color code, reducing the need for the user to refer to the legend/palette/toolbar. With some work on the graphic design so it's easier to use the column header, you can show the symbol instead of the date in the worker-day.
As always, the needs for such things are determined from user research.
share|improve this answer
thanks for a great answer! wehat i'm going to do now is creating multi-selection. – k102 Jan 27 '12 at 8:54
Your current system is strange for 2 reasons:
 1. Legend is usually an inactive element used only for reference unless it's also a filter (i.e. click a legend item to show just it).
 2. A more natural workflow is to find the person, then click the date, and then set its status.
However, if your users find your system easy-to-understand then you shouldn't change it. If they aren't complaining, ask them directly as they might be just holding it to themselves.
Also, I see inconsistencies between Russian and English labels (e.g. Friday in English and "short day" in Russian). Is it because you added English for the screenshot or is your interface really bilingual? If it's the latter, you have to make them the same. You also need to have the day of the week marked in both languages. Though a more elegant solution is to separate the languages and let your users decide which one is more comfortable to them.
share|improve this answer
all the content is made by users (including the labels), so it was up to them naming day types in english – k102 Jan 30 '12 at 13:19
_USER_: You shouldn't let users edit the interface of a multi-user system so much if you want them to have a stellar experience. Inconsistent/improper microcopy will confuse those who haven't participated in the creation. – dnbrv Jan 30 '12 at 13:23
if i could choose, i'd never let them to do it :) but i had to create "root" user who cah edit anything – k102 Jan 30 '12 at 13:32
Your Answer


The Maxobj Object
A Maxobj is a Javascript representation of a Max object in a patcher. It is returned by various methods of a Javascript Patcher object, such as newobject().One important thing to keep in mind about a Maxobj is that it could eventually refer to an object that no longer exists if the underlying Max object is freed. The valid property can be used to test for this condition.
Maxobj Properties
rect (Array, get/set)
The location of an object in a patcher. When the object's rectangle is changed, it will move on screen if it is visible. The coordinates are stored in the following order: left, top, right, bottom.
maxclass (String, get)
The Max class (as opposed to the Javascript class, which is "Maxobj" and accessed via the standard class property) of the object.
patcher (Patcher, get)
The Patcher object that contains the Maxobj
hidden (Boolean, get/set)
Is the object set to be hidden in a locked patcher?
colorindex (Number, set/get)
If the object is set to use one of the standard 16 colors, this property is the index of the color
nextobject (Maxobj, get)
If there is another object after this one in the Patcher's list of objects, this property returns it, otherwise it returns a nil value
varname (String, get/set)
The patcher-specific name of the object, as set with the Name... dialog
canhilite (Boolean, get)
Whether the object can be selected for text entry (a number box would be an example of an object whose canhilite property returns true)
background (Boolean, get/set)
Whether the object is in the Patcher's background layer
ignoreclick (Boolean, get/set)
Whether the object ignores clicks
selected (Boolean, get)
Whether the object is selected in an unlocked patcher window.
js (jsthis, get)
If the Maxobj refers to an object is of Max class js, this returns the associated jsthis object
valid (Boolean, get)
Returns whether the Maxobj refers to a valid Max object
Maxobj Methods
Perhaps the most powerful thing about a Maxobj is that you can send any message to a Maxobj that you can send to a Max object in Max as if you were invoking a method on the object in Javascript. For example, if you had a number box Maxobj and you wanted to set its value to 23 without outputting the value, you could do this:
Note that certain words such as int, float, and delete are keywords in Javascript, and you will need to use either array notation or the message method for such reserved words. For example:
 n["int"] = 23;
 n.message("int", 23);
The following methods are common to all Maxobj objects.
message (string, …)
Sends the object the message specified by the string, followed by any additional arguments provided. This is useful for sending messages to object which dynamically dispatch messages with the "anything" message, as is the case for instances of js, jsui, lcd, and others.
help ()
Opens a help file describing the object, if it exists
subpatcher (index)
If the object contains a patcher, this function returns a (Javascript) Patcher object. The optional index is used for specifying an instance number, which only applies to poly~ objects. If the object does not contain a subpatcher, a nil value is returned.
understands (string)
Returns a Boolean value if the object has an entry in its message list for the message specified by the string. If the entry is not a message that can be sent by a user within Max (i.e., it's a C-level "untyped" message), false is returned. This doesn't work for messages which are dynamically dispatched with the "anything" message, as is the case for instances of js, jsui, lcd, and others.


text:
Is there a Googol of anything in the Universe?
Are vegetables intelligent? Is Pi a "normal" number? Are humans the only picky eaters? We take on your science questions, including why women generally don't go bald and how fingers can feel cold even though they're warm to the touch. Plus, we're joined by Matt Parker, the Stand Up Mathematician, who takes on your mathematical brain teasers, and explains how a simple mathematical trick can let you predict the numbers on a barcode!
In this episode
Why does red meat turn white with cooking?
Ginny Smith cooked up an answer to this culinary question...
Ginny - When you think about meat, it's made of protein and when protein is heated, the shape of it changes. Normally, it's quite a long molecule. But, as it's heated, it actually shrinks. So, if you imagine cooking a chicken breast, you see that as it cooks, it gets smaller and it also changes colour and this is because of the change in the proteins. We say they denature and that's when they go white and they scrunch up and shrink. Red meat contains an iron-rich chemical called "myoglobin" which also changes its shape when it cooks and changes colour from red when it's raw to sort of brownish grey when it's fully cooked.
If you're cooking red meat, sometimes you get a lovely brown colour on the outside and that really tasty meat smell that always makes you hungry. This happens because there's something called the maillard reaction. This is a chemical reaction between the amino acids found in the protein and some sugars, and it requires heat to occur. So, the temperature has to get up to about 154 degrees for the maillard reaction to occur and obviously, this is higher than the boiling point of water. So that means that if there's too much water in your meat or if your pan isn't hot enough, this browning won't occur. Your meat instead will cook in the water and it will just turn to light brownish grey colour, without you getting any of that lovely, crispy brown outside.
02:58 - Stand Up Maths and the Festival of the Spoken Nerd
Stand Up Maths and the Festival of the Spoken Nerd
with Matt Parker, Festival of the Spoken Nerd
Matt Parker, the stand-up mathematician joins us this week! He's currently on tour promoting a light-hearted view of science and maths as part of the
Festival of the Spoken Nerd. Hello Matt, tell us a little bit about you...
Matt - As you've mentioned, I sit in a middle of a very weird Venn diagram. I work doing proper maths communication, so I'm based at Queen Mary University of London in the maths department, but I also work doing stand-up comedy. And so, this tour is a combination of both those things. We get to do maths live on stage for comedy audiences.
Chris - The two wouldn't normally be regarded as good bed fellows.
Matt - No and we're very excited that we actually get to take this on a tour because we started just doing a monthly night in London where there were 3 of us - myself, and other stand-ups Steve Mould and Helen Arney. We began just doing the really nerdy comedy and experiments, and music that we enjoy. And people started to show up to watch it, and we gradually got bigger and bigger audiences, and we started selling out bigger venues. And now, we're being taken on a 22-date tour all across the UK.
Chris - For the first time.
Matt - Yeah, this is it. So, this is our first ever tour. We're going out, bringing live nerdery to the people.
Chris - Who comes along and listens to maths comedy?
Matt - Well, we try to be very inclusive. We do obviously attract a wide spread with some extreme values of nerds. So hard-core nerds show up and believe me, there is something in there for them, but they tend to also bring friends, partners and members of their family who are not as nerdy. And so, we've worked very hard to make sure that this is also a legitimate comedy show. So you can come, you can enjoy the show without having got a very good 'A' level in maths.
Chris - Or with a very bad 'A' level. How do you actually make maths funny? Tell us a bit about the content of the show, what sorts of things do you discuss?
Matt - We try, in this show, to do all the sciences. We try to do a little bit of physics, so we've got a flame tube which is this flame "graphic equaliser" and we can put different frequencies into it and it responds different ways. I will be solving a Rubik's cube live on stage. I'll also be doing a very dangerous experiment. I'm recreating one of Michael Faradays' experiments from the Royal Institution where I'm using parabolas to set things on fire. So, it's just all our favourite nerdy things that we can do on stage, occasionally involving fire.
Chris - Now listeners who are listening very carefully may have noted that you don't sound local. So how do you come to be here doing this because you're originally from Australia, aren't you? Western Australia?
Matt - Yes, I do strange things to vowels. I'm from Perth originally where I studied and went to the University of Western Australia, where I did physics, and then went on to do maths, and after that, I became a secondary maths teacher. I moved to London about 8 years ago to teach maths and I've gradually shifted from being a normal - I use the word 'normal' carefully - maths teacher in schools into working part-time for a university and also doing comedy part-time.
Chris - It's quite brave of Queen Mary University of London to say, "let's actually make a job around this sort of thing."
Matt - Queen Mary have been incredibly supportive. So, I'm their public engagement in maths fellow, and so, a lot of my job is to communicate maths to other people. I do a lot of maths writing and things like this, lots of mass media, but I also work with the academics and the students. And so, a decent amount of my job is training and working with the undergraduates to help them communicate maths to other people and to go into schools and work with young people. I also work with the academics to help them communicate the research they're doing to other people who may not know as much maths.
Chris - Do you actually have any evidence as to whether this translates into a tangible benefit, a measurable benefit for QMUL? In other words, do you see a lot more people applying into maths as undergraduates than you would've done, were you not there?
Matt - Well, Queen Mary do keep a close eye on where people apply from and they can try to find out how they heard about it, but that's much harder to get to. So, we do track numbers of people applying and we do track where they live when they apply to the university, but all the work that I do is not focused just on getting people to come to Queen Mary - although I'm biased, I think it's a great maths department. My goal and in fact, all the outreach work we do at Queen Mary, is to get people excited to do Maths or something science related, but we don't mind which university they go to. We just want more young people going into the science subjects.
What happens when a moving plane drops a parcel?
Matt - You wouldn't be doing the equations of motion for projectiles, would you Tilly?
Tilly - Yes.
Matt - Right, so how fast is that package going to fall as you release it?
Tilly - I don't know.
Matt - So, this is the teacher in me. I try and talk the student through the question! Initially, it doesn't matter how fast you're going forward. If you let go of this package, it's not going down at all, yet, because gravity hasn't yet kicked in. And so it's going to start [with a velocity of] zero. So, if you put down your starting velocity as zero. It's then going to accelerate according to gravity which is about 9.81 meters per second squared. Do you know which equation you have to use to work out how long it's going to take to hit the ground?
Tilly - I'm not sure. Time taken. so maybe S = ut + Ã?,½at2?
Matt - S = ut + Ã?,½at2... What's the other one? Is it v2=u2+2as?
Tilly - Yes.
Matt - It's amazing. These things just get locked in your muscle memory. So, right what you want to do now is write down...(I feel like I'm just doing tutoring live on the air. This is great for you and me, Tilly, but everyone else is getting a bit bored.) You need to write down everything you know. So you know your starting velocity, you know your acceleration, you know the distance it has to travel, and you want to find out the time. And so, which of these equations has U and S, and A, and T in it? That would be the one that you read out to me [S = ut + Ã?,½at2].
So now, if you put all your numbers into that equation in theory, so it's going to be 2002=0(time)+Ã?,½ at2 and acceleration is about 10... So it's around about. the square root of 8,000 seconds


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Whitworth Home Page > Physics Department >
Annual Pumpkin-Launch Contest
This the culmination of the students' efforts to apply basic physics and engineering principles to design simple machines that throw pumpkins as far as possible using only mechanical means, such as counterweights and springs. Students are not allowed to use compressed gases, chemical reactions or electrical power in their designs.
Click here to view a Quicktime video taken during the 2004 pumpkin launch.
Students use the laws of physics to predict the potential altitude of rockets they build, and then test the accuracy of their predictions with an electronic altimeter on board the rockets.
Students apply their knowledge of electronics to design unique interfaces to a robot to enable it to tackle problems such as finding and extinguishing a fire, climbing a staircase, or even crossing a chasm.
Whitworth Student Science Club
The Whitworth Science Club is a group of students that have set out to help each other achieve their educational, spiritual, and social goals. Our goal is to build a sense of community in the science department in order to aid the learning process. We will provide a way for students to discuss their goals, and help them plan for the years spent at Whitworth. By working closely with the science faculty we hope to produce a more dynamic educational experience here at Whitworth.


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Female drivers experience greater vulnerabilities when involved in motor vehicle crashes, according to a new study published online yesterday in the American Journal of Public Health. Researchers say the lack of tailoring of safety designs toward women may be to blame.
Using national crash data to determine the role of driver gender as a predictor of injury outcome when involved in a crash, researchers found that belted female drivers are more susceptible to injuries compared with belted male drivers when involved in a similar motor vehicle crash. They also found that belted female drivers exhibited a higher risk of chest and spine injuries compared with their male counterparts.
The authors noted "a higher risk of lower extreme injuries reported for female drivers as a result of their relatively short stature, preferred seating posture and a combination of these factors yielding lower safety protection from the standard restraint devices."
"One reason safety systems are designed more for the male population is that men are three times more likely to be involved in a car crash that leads to serious or fatal injuries," according to a story by ABC News. "In recent years, however, there has been an increase in female drivers getting into these types of accidents."
The study focused on crashes and cars between 1998 and 2008, so all of the cars involved in the research were about six years old. However, many of these older cars are still on the road, which suggests that the findings cannot be discounted.
"Female motor vehicle drivers today may not be as safe as their male counterparts," wrote the authors. "Therefore, the relative higher vulnerability of female drivers …when exposed to moderate and serious crashes must be taken into account."


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SPECIAL TOPIC: THE FAITH (NT) -- from Titus 1:1
The noun has no definite article; therefore, it could refer to
1. one's personal trust in Christ
2. faithful living (OT sense)
3. the body of Christian doctrine (with the article, cf. Acts 6:7; 18:8; 14:22; Gal. 1:23; 3:23; 6:10; Phil. 1:27; Jude 3,20)
Paul's mission was either to
1. stimulate the faith of those already saved
2. bring those elect from eternity into personal faith ("calling out the called")
Both are necessary, but which is being emphasized in this context (i.e., Titus 1:1) is uncertain.
Paul uses kata several times in the opening chapter.
1. according to faith, Titus 1:1
2. according to piety, Titus 1:1
3. according to the command, Titus 1:3
4. according to common faith, Titus 1:4
5. according to appoint, Titus 1:5 (compound word)
6. according to the teaching, Titus 1:9
Obviously there is a standard of truth and conduct (cf. Titus 3:5,7).
Copyright © 2014 Bible Lessons International


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Home » What's New » Bloggers Paradise
Bloggers Paradise
Even a blogger has to take a vacation some time or another. Heres some tips on how you an get your eyes to join in on the vacation.
Focus on providing relaxation to your eyes through the following ways:
1. Wear your corrective lenses (glasses or contacts) to allow clear comfortable vision
2. Use the 30/30 rule whenever you are reading or using a computer
3. Keep your eyes moist and hydrated – use artificial tears daily just as frequently as you would with hand lotion
30/30 RULE
The 30/30 rule is quite simple. After doing 30 minutes of reading or computer work, take at least 30 seconds off the near work.
Take your eyes away from the near object and look far away. If you are near a window, look out into the trees and the mountains. Blink your eyes several times while looking into the distance. Then you can continue on with the near activity for another 30 minutes.
Just as we get tired from work, school, or the gym our eyes can get overworked as well. Our busy western lives and modern age is infused with gagdets such as iphones, ipads, and laptops. We sit on these devices for several hours a day. Provide your eyes a break and step outside for a change. Enjoy your surroundings and relax.
We will be taking a few weeks break from the blogging world, hope you can enjoy some time to yourselves as well this spring break!


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pp: 58-62
Peter Oehlert, Microsoft
Boundary conditions are important because significant subsets of boundary condition failures are security failures. As such, the boundary conditions we don't test today are the security patches we'll have to issue tomorrow. An effective way to limit border vulnerabilities is ttesting via fuzzing. This highly automated testing technique can cover large numbers of boundary cases using invalid data (from files, network protocols, and other targets) as application input. This article shows how fuzzing often works well when techniques such as functional testing would be cost prohibitive.
fuzzing, software testing, boundary conditions, completeness testing, comprehensive negative testing, quality assurance
Peter Oehlert, "Violating Assumptions with Fuzzing", IEEE Security & Privacy, vol.3, no. 2, pp. 58-62, March/April 2005, doi:10.1109/MSP.2005.55
14 ms
(Ver 2.0)
Marketing Automation Platform Marketing Automation Tool


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In April 2020, as children in China started returning to school after COVID-19 closures, an ancient hat from the Song Dynasty came back into fashion. At a primary school in Hangzhou, pupils donned handmade headgear that they fashioned out of paper, balloons, and other crafts, with protruding arms that spanned one meter. These eccentric hats were intended to help them adjust to social distancing measures, the South China Morning Post reported, and they were modeled after hats once worn by Chinese officials. Photographs of the students have been circulating on the internet, and so has a popular legend: that the hats were designed to keep officials away from each other, so that they couldn't whisper and scheme with one another.
According to a scholar of art history and Asian studies, however, the "social distancing" function of the Chinese hats is rooted in "an unfounded speculation." Jin Xu, an assistant professor at Vassar College, writes in an email, "Modern scholars trace the origin of the rumor to a 13th-century Chinese scholar who's known for his shoddy scholarship."
The original headwear was made of somber black cloth and was called futou, or more specifically zhanjiao futou—zhanjiao meaning "spreading feet or wings." Early futou were simple cloths wrapped around the head, and wearers eventually padded them with wood, silk, grass, or leather, writes the scholar Mei Hua in Chinese Clothing. In the Tang Dynasty (618-907), as futou gradually took on the appearance of a more fitted, structured cap, officials began adopting them, adding two long wings made of stiffened ribbons.
Futou became a common accessory during the Song Dynasty (_PHONE_), although most of them had less cumbersome extensions—more feet than wings. People of all classes wore these hats, and there were five styles that individuals donned, according to their status or for various occasions, notes Liu Fusheng in A Social History of Medieval China.
"Some warriors wore the 'curved-feet futou' or 'flower-like futou with feet curved backward,' or the 'cross-feet futou,' and musical instruments players in the imperial music office liked to wear the 'long-feet futou,'" Liu writes. "On some special occasions, such as longevity ceremonies held for the royal family or imperial court banquets, officials would pin flowers on futou … And there were lustreless futou and white crêpe futou worn at funerals."
The shape of the wings indicated the wearer's rank, and the longest were reserved for the emperor and other high-ranking officials. Yu Yan—the hapless scholar who first speculated about the "social distancing" function of these hats—made his dubious claim in his four-volume text, The Pedantic Remarks of the Confucians. The purpose of futou, he scribbled, was "perhaps to avoid [the officials] whispering to each other when having an audience with the Emperor," Liu writes.
The futou that Yu Yan described were likely made of plain or lacquered muslin, with extended ribbons that were reinforced with iron wires or bamboo strips. One style of wings was particularly narrow and long, "projecting as much as two feet from either side of the wearer's head," Alexandra B. Bonds, a professor of costume design at the University of Oregon, writes in Beijing Opera Costumes: The Visual Communication of Character and Culture.
Variations on futou cropped up during the Ming Dynasty (_PHONE_), but new headwear entered the court after the Manchus took power and established the Qing Dynasty (_PHONE_). Since that time, the hat has resurfaced in paintings and theatrical costumes, and different versions of it can still be spotted on stage during Beijing Opera performances. "The wings are mounted on springs, and the actor can make them quiver to expand their expression," Bonds writes in an email. "Each style represents rank or sometimes personal characteristics."
Individually crafted and embellished, the hats of students in Hangzhou are similar expressions of personality and style. Bonds adds that she's delighted by how the pupils have repurposed this object from their cultural heritage. "Whether the headdress was originally intended to prevent courtiers from plotting sedition or not, the wings certainly would have precluded private conversation," she says. "They can serve the same purpose today by reminding the students of the space required for social distancing, while also teaching them about their history, and giving them an art project. What more could a teacher want from an assignment?"


text: This paper describes the possibilities of the application of DC microgrids to solve the rural areas, energy problem in the country (India). DC Microgrids open a gateway for integration of solar and wind energies which together are an efficient and cleaner way of renewable energy generation, which can be integrated into the power distribution network. They have several other advantages, which include - reduction in transmission losses, improvement in power quality & reliability, reduction in emissions and even they are cost effective. The most important characteristic is that it provides a possibility for electrification of remote villages, which are far from the reach of the conventional grid. This paper presents a detailed discussion on the possibility of application of DC microgrids for rural areas in India.


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Originally Posted by Kevin45
Not being a smartazz, just curious. How would the rear "come around" if it locked up first? It seems to me if the front locked first, then the rear could come around. That is one of the reasons truckers were unhooking their front brakes, so the rear would pull them to a stop and not jacknife.
Traction is a dynamic situation. When the tire is rolling, the coefficient of friction in the direction of travel is lower than the coefficient of friction sideways. You're rolling in one direction and sliding in the other. This is what allows you to corner. If the tire is locked, you are now sliding in both directions and there is equal traction (or lack thereof) in both the forward and lateral directions. Thus, any minor off-axis force will cause the locked tires to move in a different direction.


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Disk Investigator is a multi-purpose, powerful hard disk tool that lets you find raw data saved on disk partitions, and check unreadable disk clusters and sectors. The application is built to navigate through the disk sectors, while showing the raw data in HEX, TEXT, and Decimal form. This not only helps you identify identical data written on the disk partitions, but also verify the performance of data shredding utilities. If you've recently used a file shredder to securely delete data from disk partition, it lets you view the current raw data present on the disk. Moreover, the application gives detailed insight into disk structure, including total logical sectors, bytes per sector, sectors per cluster, cluster size, MFT start cluster, MFT zone clusters and more. Additionally, it includes a simple, yet feature-rich file explorer that lets you view files and folders saved on disk, check raw data (in Text, Dec, and Hex form) of selected file, and check CRC-32, and MD5, Hash, RipeMD, and SHA hash value.
When launched for the first time, it starts fetching disk information, including starting sector on disk, cluster distribution, total clusters etc. Once done, you will see main window, showing all the information retrieved during the scan process. It shows drive view with complete disk information, and raw data written on first sector of disk. However, you can use Sector input field and slider to navigate through disk sectors. If you want to search a specific text string from the disk, use Search option to view specified text/hex values.
Using View cluster option, you can check data on a single cluster. You can switch between Text, Hex, and Dec data forms to easily find the required information. It provides you with simple navigation buttons in bottom-left corner to navigate through clusters.
You can view files and directories on the disk by switching to Directories mode from View section. It shows all the folders and files saved on selected disk partition. A small disk explorer is present in left sidebar, letting you quickly jump to required directory.
Perhaps, the most useful option of file explorer is View raw file contents, which allows you to view raw data (text, dec, and hex form) of any selected file. Just right-click the file in the list, and select this option to open disk sector where file is saved. You can also open file's Property dialog box, view CRC-32 and generate file integrity hash values from right-click context menu.
The application also lets you view MFT zone (Master File Table), an area on disk where information about files and directories is saved. The MFT is basically table of contents of a NTFS disk, allowing you to verify the structure of files and directory storage. Using Disk Investigator, you can view the MFT Zone from View menu.
Directory Investigator is meant for proficient users. If you're familiar with Hex and Dec data forms, you can use it to check the password text saved on the disk, find the total occurrence of specific file-related information etc. Disk Investigator can also be used to verify the performance of file shredding utilities that claim to securely delete data off the disk partitions. It works on all versions of Windows. Testing was carried out on Windows 7 64-bit.


text: The earliest accounts of vampires date back to ancient Sumerian and Babylonian myths from around 4000 BC. From there, the stories spread around the world. Early Slavic societies believed that a bat flying over an unburied corpse could reanimate the recently deceased into a vampire. This is often cited as the original bat-vampire link. Show off your spooky side year round in this substantial choker necklace.


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|The First Televised Orchestra Concert
Philadelphia Orchestra during the First
Televised Orchestra Concert
Photograph by Jules Schick 20 March 1948
At 5:00 p.m. on 20 March 1948, the Philadelphia Orchestra made broadcasting history as the first American orchestra to perform on network television. The hour-long concert, produced by WCAU-TV, the Philadelphia affiliate of the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS), was broadcast live from the Academy of Music at the corner of Broad and Locust Streets. The broadcast followed close on the heels of an agreement between the American Federation of Musicians, led by James Petrillo, and the networks, which ended a three-year ban on live music performances on television. Once the agreement had been reached, the networks jockeyed for the distinction of being the first to televise an orchestra concert. Soon after the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) had announced plans to telecast an hour-long all-Wagner concert by the NBC Symphony Orchestra under Arturo Toscanini at 6:30 p.m. on 20 March 1948, CBS countered by scheduling a concert by the Philadelphia Orchestra for the same evening, ninety minutes earlier.The Philadelphia orchestra performed two works: the overture to Carl Maria von Weber's opera Der Freischutz and the recently rediscovered Symphony no. 1 by Sergei Rachmaninoff, which had received its United States premiere by the orchestra the previous evening.


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A Smoothed RSI Inverse Fisher Transform by Sylvain Vervoort
This indicator gives clear entry and exit signals, so your trading decisions are easier.
The Fisher transform has been a familiar concept to Stocks & Commodities readers in recent years following its introduction in 2002 by frequent S&C contributor John Ehlers. Its creator, Ronald Fisher, was one of the leading scientists of the 20th century, making major contributions to statistics, evolutionary biology, and genetics. Ehlersí 2004 followup applied an inverse Fisher transform to the relative strength index (Rsi), changing what was a good turning-point indicator to one that fine-tuned the timing of possible entry and exit points. Here is the inverse Fisher transform formula:
y = (Exp(2 * x) - 1)/(Exp(2 * x) + 1)
where x is the input value and y is the transformed value.
Figure 1 shows a plot of the inverse Fisher transform. The transform creates boundaries to keep the output value in the range between ‑1 to +1. Input values larger than 2 generate a result close to 1, while input values less than ‑2 generate a result close to ‑1. This boundary characteristic is useful with any indicator moving between two fixed values, like the relative strength index (Rsi).


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Bharal (blue sheep)
Bharal (Pseudois nayaur)
Bharals, also known as blue sheep, have short, dense hair. Distinctive physical features are labeled on the pictures below. Females can be half to two-thirds the size of males. Young bharals are smaller and browner.
Relevance to snow leopard conservation:
Bharals are preferred prey for snow leopards.
Bharals move in herds of 10 or more, with males forming separate herds outside of mating season. They are active during the daytime (diurnal).
Bharals are herbivores, eating grasses, leaves, mosses, and lichens.
Bharals live at elevation of 4,000 – 6,500 meters. They prefer bare, rocky hills above the tree line but below the snow line, where grass is abundant.
Animals that could be mistaken for this species:
While adult males' horns and markings make them distinctive, females and young can look very similar to some domestic goats, and female and young ibex.
Images of bharals
These are images from our research cameras that CatCam visitors have identified as containing at least one bharal. Click on a thumbnail to see a larger image
Gurung, K.K., & Singh, R. (1996). Field Guide to the Mammals of the Indian Subcontinent: Where to watch mammals in India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Pakistan. London: Academic Press.
Schaller, G.B. (1998). Wildlife of the Tibetan Steppe. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Sterndale, R.A. (1982). Natural History of the Mammalia of India and Ceylon. New Delhi: Himalayan Books.


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IMEC Mini‐Pal ‐‐ Minipal is the Palletizing System offered by Process Integration to all of those companies that need to enclose the end of line activities within a limited area.
The machine is formed of a Cartesian centerpiece system made up of three linear axis and a circular axis for product rotation. This structure has the advantage to have considerably smaller overall dimension than the traditional Cartesian portal palletizers. and allows for substantial performance improvements. Lifting can be done by either grippers or suction cups, depending on the product to be palletized.
Minipal can be employed with more pallets and different feeding lines simultaneously, so it can be used for multiple stacking applications.
The standard system is made up of a single feeding conveyor, while the empty pallet's positioning and removal of the filled one is made by an operator. It is possible to increase the machine productivity by providing a completely automatic pallet feeding and removal system that includes a pallet magazine for about 10 units thus reducing load and discharge times.Download PDF and Watch Video