text:
In the wake of the news from Chennai a few days ago (see: Romans in India Again), the Times of India has a nice little feature:
The discovery of Roman pottery remains in Naduvirapattu, near Tambaram, last week has once again thrown light on the extensive trade between southern India and Rome more than 2,000 years ago. The latest findings seem to indicate that the Roman traders travelled inland and may have had temporary settlements there.
Naduvirapattu may have been a transit point enroute to Kancheepuram, which was a centre for manufacturing textiles, says Jinu Koshy, assistant professor in the history and archaeology department of Madras Christian College who led the team that found the remains. The team dug up pieces of Roman amphoras, or pots, that were used to store wine.
Naduvirapattu is only the most recent instance of Roman contact with ancient Tamil country. Thousands of coins – gold, silver and copper – found in Karur carrying portraits of famous Roman kings showed that the contacts were extensive, says R Nagaswamy, scholar and former director of Archaeological Survey of India. Other notable sites for Roman remains in Tamil Nadu include Arikamedu, Kancheepuram and Alangudi in Pudukkottai.
Tamil country was one of the many teeming marketplaces of the ancient world. While globalization today may be about computers, software and American soda, 2,000 years
ago, it involved silk, spices, ivory and jewellery.
Much of the global trade was through the sea, besides the notable Silk Route over land. Several of these sea routes intersected or converged. Those carrying goods from China and the Far East, especially the Spice Islands, would meet those originating from Europe and headed for south India.
Sailing without the aid of compasses was hazardous and the cargo couldn't be bulky but should be valuable enough -for the rich who could pay for these goods. South India, especially Tamil Nadu, was a source of the valuable products and a hub for transshipment of cargo, says P D Balaji, head incharge, ancient history and archaeology department of the University of Madras.
The Roman presence in the state has been supported by literary references including in Sangam works. The Yavanas – the term used by Tamils for Romans – left their own mark on Tamil society. They probably taught Tamils to make round coins instead of square ones, says Balaji. Romans were conscious of their India links. Ptolemy referred to Mylapore and Arikamedu in his works.
Pliny wondered why the Romans had to go all the way to India to get pepper. He probably said it tongue in cheek. After all, pepper was an important component of ancient India's soft power, much like today's 'chicken tikka masala'. The Romans used pepper in everything – from their food to wines, sweets and medicines. And they paid for it in gold.


Go Down
Topic: Power Supplies (Read 1 time) previous topic - next topic
I've taken note that some power supplies are better for use with Ardunio, than others.
What has been evident to me, is that if you are going to use a voltage converting power supply, just to power the arduino, you need to make sure the power supply can handle it.
What I mean by this, is that you need to make sure the voltage converting power supply has the bare minimum load on it, otherwise it will behave erratically, and cause errors in various types of ways.
All converting power supplies, either switchmode or linear, must have a minimum load on them, which is usually 10% of their rated current. There are some technical reasons for it, but I don't remember them. Something to do with having a load ensures proper voltage regulation and voltage output stability.
As an example, I was powering my arduino project with a 9V 1.5A switchmode power supply from an old portable DVD player. The arduino, current sensor, and LCD were drawing about 75mA. No where near what I should have been putting on the power supply. In this case, it should have been at least 150mA. Sure I could have powered a light or something, but I elected to run the project from the battery that I monitoring the voltage and current statistic from. The LCD screen no longer flickers, measurements are considerably more stable, and also there's proper grounding.
Switchmode power supplies are also inherently noisy, especially the cheap Chinese/Taiwanese ones. The switchmode carrier frequency can range from lower tens of KHz up to single digit MHz. The cheap ones also have poor noise filtering, poor RF shielding, and use cheap parts which will eventually fail sooner than later.
Linear power supplies must be loaded down with the minimum load as well, but they do not generate the RF hash like the crappy SMPS do. However, some of the linear power supplies have little or no output filtering, so you will hear the utility line frequency hum if the power supply is connected to any type of audio device. I my case, its a mobile amateur radio.
You may be able to do some software coding to filter the noise out, but this is case I'd recommend using hardware instead of software for filtering. Less to go wrong, works more reliably, and less code to be run on your arduino.
Lot of generalizations there.
I use these switching supplies rated for 1A & 2A with minimal loading and they hold the voltage just fine.
The times I have out a scope on them they were clean also.
I let my scope tell me what my various linear and switchmode regulators are delivering to my circuits. I've never had trouble using any of the cheap Asian E-bay regulators I've bought, they have always worked well in my projects so far, just don't work them beyond their recommended current/input voltage limits. I've kind of sworn off linear regulators for anything over 100ma or so.
A Manifesto? or a historical document?, The collected gossip or How to pick a bad power supply...
Either answer fits... Unfortunately... Along with lefty I have never found that to be the case.
Sure old transformer devices have those issues... but why would anyone with any sense use one when there are Good Switchers.. and even lLinear Regulator modules to provide Accurate power?
The point is that ALL of us at one time or another have committed that error... Once, from your "Manifesto" it sounds like you had a bad run of luck or you didn't learn the first time.
--> WA7EMS <--
Go Up
Please enter a valid email to subscribe
Confirm your email address
We need to confirm your email address.
Thank you for subscribing!
via Egeo 16
Torino, 10131


text:
Linux commands generally take one or more command line arguments to pass relevant information or modify behavior. argparse adds similar functionality to Python scripts. The script writer can easily specify whether an argument is mandatory, which arguments may be used together, etc. Error messages for the script user are informative and automatically generated.
argparse is especially powerful when combined with a module like subprocess — code in one script can call another script multiple times, varying the set of arguments passed each time. Similar functionality is available in C++ with a library like Boost.Program_options.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
By providing voters with specialized news, information, and channels of communication, voters get the information they need to make informed decisions about voting. Looking beyond just the presidential election, Google is analyzing trends in technology and the internet to better connect voters with candidates in all state and local elections.
So where does the name "Four Screens To Victory" come from? The four screens Google narrows down as being essential to any campaign are: television, computers, tablets, and mobile phones. According to Google Politics,
"Access to political information no longer comes from one place – or one screen. In just the four years since the last presidential election, the continued growth of the web and the proliferation of mobile devices has radically transformed when, where, and how voters access political information."
"Research shows that using four screen ad campaigns are 48% more effective in driving campaign awareness and 77% more effective in driving campaign engagement."
Based on this research, Google launched their "Four Screens" toolkit in March. Since then, Google has analyzed the data and released this infographic earlier today:
Some key statistics:
- More than 80% of eligible voters are online
- Similarly, 83% of mobile phone owners are registered voters
- 1 out of every 3 likely voters in November say that they didn't watch tv in the past week
- Voters are spending more media time on their mobile devices than newspapers & magazines combined
For more information, visit Google Politics & Elections Team.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Figure 12. Negretti and Zambra thermometer, 1874 model. Although the principle
of reversing was first described by George Aime' in 1845, this was the first
thermometer to accurately determine the temperature at great depth and return to
the surface and retain its readings. As such, it is considered the first
modern reversing thermometer. It was used on the CHALLENGER expedition.


Energy-Efficient Wireless Communications with Distributed Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces
05/01/2020 ∙ by Zhaohui Yang, et al. ∙ Princeton University King's College London Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University 0
This paper investigates the problem of resource allocation for a wireless communication network with distributed reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs). In this network, multiple RISs are spatially distributed to serve wireless users and the energy efficiency of the network is maximized by dynamically controlling the on-off status of each RIS as well as optimizing the reflection coefficients matrix of the RISs. This problem is posed as a joint optimization problem of transmit beamforming and RIS control, whose goal is to maximize the energy efficiency under minimum rate constraints of the users. To solve this problem, two iterative algorithms are proposed for the single-user case and multi-user case. For the single-user case, the phase optimization problem is solved by using a successive convex approximation method, which admits a closed-form solution at each step. Moreover, the optimal RIS on-off status is obtained by using the dual method. For the multi-user case, a low-complexity greedy searching method is proposed to solve the RIS on-off optimization problem. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme achieves up to 33% and 68% gains in terms of the energy efficiency in both single-user and multi-user cases compared to the conventional RIS scheme and amplify-and-forward relay scheme, respectively.
There are no comments yet.
page 1
page 4
page 5
page 24
page 26
page 27
page 29
page 30
This week in AI
I Introduction
Driven by the rapid development of advanced multimedia applications, next-generation wireless networks must support high spectral efficiency and massive connectivity [1]. Due to high data rate demand and massive numbers of users, energy consumption has become a challenging problem in the design of future wireless networks [2]. In consequence, energy efficiency, defined as the ratio of spectral efficiency over power consumption, has emerged as an important performance index for deploying green and sustainable wireless networks [3, 4, 5, 6, 7].
Recently, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted wireless communication has been proposed as a potential solution for enhancing the energy efficiency of wireless networks [8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13]. An RIS is a meta-surface equipped with low-cost and passive elements that can be programmed to turn the wireless channel into a partially deterministic space. In RIS-assisted wireless communication networks, a base station (BS) sends control signals to an RIS controller so as to optimize the properties of incident waves and improve the communication quality of users. The RIS acts as a reflector and does not perform any digitalization operation. Hence, if properly deployed, an RIS promises much lower energy consumption than traditional amplify-and-forward (AF) relays [14, 15, 16]. However, the effective deployment of energy-efficient RIS systems faces several challenges ranging from performance characterization to network optimization [17].
A number of existing works such as in [18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24] has studied the deployment of RISs in wireless networks. In [18]
, the downlink sum-rate of an RIS assisted wireless communication system was characterized. An asymptotic analysis of the uplink transmission rate in an RIS-based large antenna-array system was presented in
[19]. Then, in [20], the authors investigated the asymptotic optimality of the achievable rate in a downlink RIS system. Considering energy harvesting, an RIS was invoked for enhancing the sum-rate performance of a simultaneous wireless information and power transfer aided system [21]. Instead of considering the availability of instantaneous channel state information (CSI), the authors in [22] proposed a two-time-scale transmission protocol to maximize the achievable sum-rate for an RIS-assisted multi-user system. Taking the secrecy into consideration, the work in [23] investigated the problem of secrecy rate maximization of an RIS assisted multi-antenna system. Further by considering imperfect CSI, the RIS was considered to enhance the physical layer security of a wireless channel in [24]. Beyond the above studies, the use of RISs for enhanced wireless energy efficiency has been studied in [25]. In [25], the authors proposed a new approach to maximize the energy efficiency of a multi-user multiple-input single-output (MISO) system by jointly controlling the transmit power of the BS and the phase shifts of the RIS. However, only a single RIS was considered for simplicity in [25]. Deploying a number of low-cost power-efficient RISs in future networks can cooperatively enhance the coverage of the networks. In particular, deploying multiple RISs in wireless networks has several advantages. First, distributed RISs can provide robust data-transmission since different RISs can be deployed geometrically apart from each other. Meanwhile, multiple RISs can provide multiple paths of received signals, which increases the received signal strength. To our best knowledge, this is the first work that optimizes the energy efficiency for a wireless network with multiple RISs.
The main contribution of this paper is a novel energy efficient resource allocation scheme for wireless communication networks with distributed RISs. Our key contributions include:
 - We investigate a downlink wireless communication system with distributed RISs that can be dynamically turned on or off depending on the network requirements. To maximize the energy efficiency of the system, we jointly optimize the phase shifts of all RISs, the transmit beamforming of the transmitter, and the RIS on-off status vector. We formulate an optimization problem with the objective of maximizing the energy efficiency under minimum rate constraint of users, transmit power constraint, and unit-modulus constraint of the RIS phase shifts.
 - To maximize the energy efficiency for a single user, a suboptimal solution is obtained by using a low-complexity algorithm that iteratively solves two, joint subproblems. For the joint phase and power optimization subproblem, a suboptimal phase is obtained by using the successive convex approximation (SCA) method with low complexity, and the optimal power is subsequently obtained in closed form. For the RIS on-off optimization subproblem, the dual method is used to obtain the optimal solution.
 - To maximize the energy efficiency for multiple users, an iterative algorithm is proposed through solving the phase optimization subproblem, beamforming optimization subproblem, and RIS on-off subproblem, iteratively. For the subproblem of phase optimization or beamforming optimization, we use the SCA method to obtain a suboptimal solution. For the RIS on-off optimization subproblem, we propose a low-complexity search method that can determine the on-off status of all RISs.
Simulation results show that our proposed approach can enhance the energy efficiency by up to 33% and 68% gains compared to the conventional RIS scheme and AF relay scheme, respectively.
The rest of this paper is organized as follows. Section II introduces the system model and problem formulation. Section III and Section IV provide the energy efficiency optimization with a single user and multiple users, respectively. Simulation results are provided in Section V and conclusions are given in Section VI.
Notations: In this paper, the imaginary unit of a complex number is denoted by. Matrices and vectors are denoted by boldface capital and lower-case letters, respectively. Matrix denotes a diagonal matrix whose diagonal components are. The real and imaginary parts of a complex number are denoted by and, respectively.,, and respectively denote the conjugate, transpose, and conjugate transpose of vector. and denote the -th and -th elements of the respective vector and matrix. denotes the -norm of vector. The distribution of a circularly symmetric complex Gaussian variable with mean and covariance is denoted by.
Ii System Model and Problem Formulation
Ii-a Transmission Model
Fig. 1: A downlink MISO system with multiple RISs.
Consider an RIS-assisted MISO downlink channel that consists of one BS, a set of users, and a set of RISs, as shown in Fig. 1. The number of transmit antennas at the BS is, while each user is equipped with one antenna. Such a setting has been used in many practical scenarios such as in Internet-of-Things networks [18, 19, 20]. Each RIS,, has reflecting elements. The RISs are configured to assist the communication between the BS and users. In particular, the RISs will be installed on the walls of the surrounding high-rise buildings.
The transmitted signal at the BS is:
where is unit-power information symbol [25] and is the beamforming vector for user.
The power consumption of an RIS depends on both the type and the resolution of the reflecting elements that effectively perform phase shifting on the impinging signal [25, 26, 27]. Considering the power consumption of RISs due to controlling the phase shift values of the reflecting elements [25]
, it is often not energy efficient to turn on all the RISs. We now introduce a binary variable
, where indicates that RIS is on. When, the phase shift matrix of RIS can be optimized through a diagonal matrix with,, and, where captures the effective phase shifts applied by all reflecting elements of RIS. In contrast, when, RIS is off and does not consume any power. Then, with the multiple RISs, the received signal at user can be given by:
where,, and, respectively, denote the channel responses from the BS to user, from the BS


text:
Opinions expressed by entrepreneur contributors are there are six basic, universal needs that make us tick and drive all we all have the same six needs,. Home news almost one third of families of children with cancer have unmet of children with cancer have unmet basic needs of diagnosis and six. Why is social-emotional development page 2 z mid-state central early childhood direction center their newborn by attending to their basic needs. Personality development in childhood the basic psychological needs fromm outlined six basic psychological needs to gain security and escape loneliness. Here are some needs adolescents that teenagers have six basic needs which need to be progressively separate themselves from their childhood.
Most of us are familiar with the maslow's hierarchy of needs though we tend to think of them as five basic needs, maslow had modified the hierarchy later to include. Learning basic trust versus basic mistrust occurs during early childhood, what every college student needs august 1,. Our state pages on salaries for early childhood education jobs offer you information that tend to children's basic needs when parents six strategies for.
Development during middle childhood: the years from six to development during middle childhood: what is known and what needs to. Families who can meet their own basic needs for food, clothing, housing and transportation and know how to access essential services such as childcare,. We explain the six aspects of the montessori prepared environment, a prepared montessori classroom that is designed to meet the individual needs of all. Assessment in early childhood and needs within the context of the pre-kindergarten or child care classroom is through observation (sixto eight-year. The first five years of life are critical for child development thinking and communication skills she needs for including early childhood educators.
Read chapter 10 conclusion: the status of basic research on middle childhood: for the first time, a report focuses specifically on middle childhood--a dis. A dysfunctional family is a family in which conflict, in totality or selectively allowing children's needs to go unmet the six basic roles. Separate special education needs provision in early childhood and school education - eurydice there are six state-owned special basic schools. This lesson introduces the concept of basic needs students learn about events that prevent people from getting their basic needs they also explore how people and.
In early childhood therefore, early childhood is a period in development of pattern and pace basic a follows early childhood development is linked. Issues and challenges of implementation of early childhood education from conception of six years of adults for almost all their basic needs physical. Early childhood education lenges and needs related to training and technical assistance included in this high-level definitions document.
Global education teacher resources to encourage a global write a statement about children's access to basic needs select one of the needs and use picture books,. Child development and early learning in many settings, early childhood programmes support parents and their children from infancy through age 8,. The level to which basic needs are met quality early childhood programs, and identifies six structural policy at the center for american progress. One of the basic physical needs of a human being is food humans are motivated to fulfill this basic need before trying to fulfill more complex needs like education.
From childhood to our relationship with ourselves, six elements of self-care in adults with and are dependent on others for basic needs and relational. Six major principles of idea (iep) must be developed and implemented to meet the unique needs of each student with a disability. Childhood nutrition refers to the dietary needs of healthy scientists began to discover essential nutrients for basic growth and development and began the.


text:
(Other Names: 火山兔, 墨西哥兔; メキシコウサギ; Coelho dos vulcões; Conejo de Díaz, Conejo del Volcano, Conejo de los Volcanes, Conejo Zacatuche, Lapin de Diaz, Lapin des Volcans, Mexican Pygmy Rabbit, Mexikanisches Vulkankaninchen; Teporingo, Zacatuche)
1. Profile (Picture)
The volcano rabbit weighs 390 - 600 g (0.86 - 1.3 lb). It is generally found between
2800 and 4250 m (9200 - 13,900') in pine forests with a dense undergrowth of bunch grass
("zacaton") and rocky substrates. The
volcano rabbit feeds on the green leaves of zacaton
grasses, the young leaves of spiny herbs and the bark of alder trees. It is mostly nocturnal and crepuscular.
It lives in groups of 2 - 5 animals in runways and burrows among grass tussocks. The
burrows can be as long as 5 m (16') and as much as 40 cm (1.3') underground. There are
usually 2 or 3)young per litter, born in an underground nest.
*** Unlike most rabbits, it maintains a system of runways through the dense tussocks of grass it inhabits.
*** The volcanic sierras on which this rabbit is found form part of a feature called the "transverse neovolcanic axis", which spans the approximately 1000 km (620 mi) width of central Mexico between 18 deg and 22 deg N.
*** The volcano rabbit is restricted to the volcanic slopes near Mexico City, within a 45 minute drive of 17 million people. As a result it is subjected to the pressures of habitat degradation, tourism and hunting.
*** Hunters looking for quail and other game birds use the rabbit for target practice. The country people of the mountains regard it as vermin to be killed off. Neither the hunters nor the natives eat them.
*** Rabbits (belonging to many different genera) vs. Hares (all in the genus Lepus): The major differences between rabbits and hares include: 1.) their methods in avoiding predators (rabbits hide in dense vegetation or burrows; hares have longer legs and try to outrun predators), and 2.) the characteristics of their young at birth (newborn rabbits ("kittens") are born naked and with their eyes closed; newborn hares ("leverets") are better developed - their eyes are open and they can move around with some degree of coordination) (Mcdonald 2001).
Since at least the early 1900's, the volcano rabbit has apparently been restricted to
the slopes of several volcanos and adjacent ridges bordering the Valley of Mexico on the
east and south, near Mexico City, mainly in the Distrito Federal and the states of Mexico,
Morelos, and Puebla. As of 1990, Its distribution was restricted mainly to three
discontinuous areas of core habitat covering a total of approximately 280 sq km (110 sq
mi) on the slopes of four volcanoes (Popocatepetl, Iztaccihuatl, El Pelado and Tlaloc).
Scattered populations covering about 10 sq km (6 sq mi) were found outside these areas and
separated from them by physical barriers such as highways.
The most serious threats to the volcano rabbit are habitat degradation and target shooting. A variety of factors appear to be responsible for the continued degradation of the rabbit's forest/zacaton habitat. These include forest fires, overgrazing by cattle and sheep, encroachment by development (both from the expansion of Mexico City as well as additional rural settlements near the rabbit's core habitat) and agriculture, over-exploitation of timber and cutting of zacaton grasses for thatch and brush manufacture.
AMCELA, Burton & Pearson 1987, Chapman & Flux 1990, Curry-Lindahl 1972, Hoth et al. 1987, InfoNatura, IUCN 1969, IUCN 1994, IUCN 1996, IUCN 2000, IUCN 2003a, IUCN 2004, Jansa 1996, Macdonald 1984, Macdonald 2001, Nowak & Paradiso 1983, Olson & Dinerstein 1998, Olson & Dinerstein 1999, Oryx 1980c, Spec. Cons. Found., WCMC/WWF 1997
Last modified: January 2, 2005;


How do you separate long video into parts?
How do I split a video into two parts online?
Split Video Online
 1. 01. Upload Video. To split your video online, just drag and drop to upload your video.
 2. 02. Split Video Online. Click the «Select Parts» button to set the start and end point of the parts that you want to split.
 3. 03. Save Video. Click the «Download» button and the selected clips of your video will be preparing for download.
How do you break MP4 into parts?
To Split an MP4 file, please follow the steps below:
 1. Download the free version of Bandicut, start Bandicut, click the 'Split' button and then open an MP4 file.
 2. Choose the split method, and click the 'Apply' button.
 3. Click the 'Start' button to initiate the video splitting.
28 янв. 2019 г.
How do you split a large video into small parts?
Here is how to use Instant Cutter Tool to Split large videos into parts. Run Filmora, under the «Import» menu, choose Import with Instant Cutter Tool, import video file by clicking «Open File» button. You are allows you import one large file each time. Then you can split the video by clicking «Add Segment» button.
Read more What do gaming YouTubers use to edit their videos?
How do you split a video into two parts of an Iphone?
Split a clip into two separate clips
 2. If necessary, pinch open in the center of the timeline to zoom in on the clip.
 3. Tap the clip, tap the actions button, then tap Split.
19 февр. 2020 г.
How do I split a video from my camera roll?
Cut Videos on iPhone
 1. Open Photos app on iPhone or switch to Camera Roll form the default Camera app.
 2. Find the video you need to cut. Tap on it to select it. …
 3. Press on the left or right of the video play slider above the video. …
 4. You should see a Trim button from the top right corner.
24 сент. 2014 г.
How do I mirror a video on my iPhone?
How to flip or mirror a video on iPhone
 1. Open the Photos app and choose a video that you want to flip.
 2. Select Edit.
 3. Press the crop icon at the bottom right of the screen.
 4. Tap the flip icon (which looks like a triangle with an arrow on top of it).
 5. Tap Done.
1 дек. 2020 г.
Can you change a video from portrait to landscape in iMovie?
Step 1: Open iMovie. Step 2: Tap the Videos tab and select the clip that you wish to fix. … Step 4: Perform a rotate gesture on the viewer to rotate the video to the correct orientation. Step 5: Tap Done in the upper left-hand corner.


text:
Global Initiative for Food-related Scientific Advice (GIFSA)
What and Why?
For over 50 years WHO and FAO have been the international source of scientific advice on matters related to the safety of food. This advice provides the evidence base for a linkage between substances in food and disease, or the prevention of disease. This evidence base is necessary to define the best preventive measures to avoid foodborne disease and promote human health as it links to our daily food. It also enables both national and international solutions to these problems, a necessary pre-condition in the present period of increased international food trade. Therefore it is important that the FAO/WHO scientific advice provides the basis for food standards, guidelines and codes of practice developed by the FAO/WHO Codex Alimentarius Commission.
WHO and FAO devote significant resources to the provision of scientific advice in relation to food. However, there has been an increase in the demand for scientific advice. More and more links between food and disease have been discovered and recently also beneficial food constituents are now investigated and linked to the prevention of disease.
The FAO/WHO framework for scientific advice is based on a transparent and global selection of experts representing the best in food safety and nutrition science. Over recent years the scope of scientific advice has therefore been broadened to include zoonotic diseases, biotechnology and nutrition as well as new emerging priority issues.
As a result, FAO and WHO need to overcome a number of challenges in order to continue to support the technical consultations, workshops and related activities, which form the basis of FAO/WHO scientific advice. Over the past few years FAO and WHO have revised their advice framework to ensure the independence, quality, timeliness and sustainability of the provision of scientific advice. In order to specifically address the issue of sustainability of the provision of scientific advice, FAO and WHO are establishing a Global Initiative for Food-related Scientific Advice (GIFSA).
The specific objectives of the GIFSA are:
- To increase awareness of the FAO/WHO programme of work on the provision of scientific advice,
- To mobilize technical, financial and human resources to support the provision of scientific advice in food safety and nutrition,
- To promote the timeliness of the provision of scientific advice by WHO and FAO, while ensuring the continuation of the highest level of integrity and quality.
Characteristics of the Fund
The main focus of GIFSA is to establish a mechanism to facilitate the provision of extrabudgetary resources for scientific advice activities. Contributions are accepted from governments, organizations and foundations in accordance with WHO and FAO rules. Two separate accounts will be maintained, one at WHO and one at FAO. An FAO/WHO Committee manages the GIFSA, and procedures have been developed to ensure that all resources provided through GIFSA will be allocated to activities in an independent and transparent manner, taking into consideration the criteria for prioritization of activities already agreed by Codex, FAO and WHO and the specific needs of FAO and WHO Member countries.


Insane Philly Teacher Proposal Ends Seniority and Water Fountains
Broke and looking to cut spending, the Philadelphia School District announced a list of demands of teachers this week that would cut back on seniority, extra pay for extra work, and access to water fountains. The givebacks include:
Schools with more than 1,000 students would no longer be required to have librarians or librarian assistants.
Schools would no longer be required to have counselors, and counselors' caseloads would no longer be capped.
Teachers could be assigned to unlimited classes outside their subject area, and high school teachers could be assigned an extra class without pay. There would be no limit on amount of consecutive time taught in a school day.
There would be no limit on class size. (Current limits are 30 for the lower grades and 33 for the upper grades, large class sizes by anyone's measure.)
This being the very first proposal towards a new contract, it's assumed that the School Reform Commission (a state-appointed board that controls the Philly school district and has pushed for Charter and business-friendly changes in the miserably underfunded school system) will budge on some of these points, but probably not on the larger ones, including eliminating elevated pay categories for teachers with advanced degrees and instituting a longer work day for less pay.
It's not known whether the School Reform Commission will actually negotiate with the Philadelphia Federation of Teachers (whose contract expires in August), or if they can simply impose these terms on them.
Philadelphia could very well be heading towards a teachers strike on the level of Chicago's last fall, except that the state suspended their right to strike after taking over control from the city in 2001.


text:
An Oneota ceramic vessel, ca. _PHONE_
Oneota Ceramic Vessel
Excavated by museum archaeologists near La Crosse in 1989, this Oneota ceramic vessel is typical of pottery styles used over 500 years ago. Oneota Tradition peoples inhabited much of the Midwest during the centuries just before the arrival of European explorers. They usually settled in small farming villages beside lakes and rivers where they planted gardens and harvested fish from nearby waters.
Early Native Peoples|
|Creator: ||Historical Society Museum
|Pub Data: ||Historical Society Museum. (Museum object #1995.218.39)
|Citation: ||Oneota Ceramic Vessel. Historical Society Museum.
Online facsimile at:
Visited on: 5/23/2013


text:
The purpose of a fitness or group fitness instructor is to build fitness participation of new and existing members through fitness experiences that meet their needs.
An Instructor delivers fitness instruction to individuals with the use of& equipment (Fitness Instructor) or to a group through fitness classes (Group Fitness Instructor). Both types of the occupation have the same purpose and require the same level of knowledge, skills and competences. Therefore, most of the requirements are the same for both occupation types. However, to be able to fulfil this purpose, each of the occupation types may require additional knowledge, skills and competences specific for that type.
- The fitness or group fitness instructor should be able to:
- Provide effective and safe fitness instruction
- Promote healthy lifestyle management
- Identify individual motives and resulting short, medium and long-term fitness goals
- Suggest relevant exercise adaptations or options to allow for individual client differences or needs
- Provide participants with advice on intensity and how to progress their individual performance and results
- Observe clients/members at all times and correct unsafe technique
- Display perfect technique at all times (posture, range of motion, control, timing and form)
- Positively interact and motivate clients/members using appropriate strategies in order to promote adherence to exercise.
- Deliver good customer service and be a positive role model at all times
- Promote healthy activities and related strategies for daily living to clients/members (lifestyle management)
- Promote customer referral: invite customers to bring friend and family along and promote their fitness activities in their social environment
- Promote a healthy and clean environment
- Work within the parameters given at Level 3, recognizing the standards and professional limitations that this provides, referring to appropriate members of staff for guidance and support.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I'm wondering if tailf can generate blocking I/O which will slow down server responsiveness due to logging.
For ex. assuming the following setup:
Debian 5.1 linux server (foo) which is managed via terminal (foo is hosted on EC2).
Foo runs several applications, each writing to their own log file. For the sake of example, Apache httpd to /var/log/apache/access.log & Tomcat 5.5 to /var/log/tomcat5.5/myApp.log.
If I open an ssh connection to foo, (note: Internet link, high latency, relatively slow upload) and run tail -F /var/log/apache/access.log can't I reach a situation where the kernel blocks httpd's writes to this log file and thus slows down httpd's performance because of the wait enforced on each thread?
To give some numbers, let's assume that foo logs ~200kb of log data per second which needs to be pushed over the wire to the ssh client.
Another theoretical aspect: What would happen if the /var/log file system set on an infinite size ram (remember: Theoretically speaking) so that the hard disk seek time is eliminated?
Third aspect, what would happen if I'd open the ssh connection from a really slow link (Let's assume that foo is traffic shaped to push only 5kb/s upload)?
Would love to hear what you think guys.
Thanks for reading, Maxim.
share|improve this question
add comment
2 Answers
up vote 1 down vote accepted
I don't think there will be some blocking over I/O here. When you do "tail -f", what's happening is
 1. your shell process, let's say bash, will spawn a new process 'tail'.
 2. tail will open the file, move file pointer to the end, wait for 3 seconds and check whether there are new data.
 3. if there is new data, tail will push it back to the bash using unix pipe.
 4. this data gets transmitted from server to your machine by bash + ssh.
So as you can see, a slow internet connection won't affect step #2, which is the key for I/O performance anyway.
Plus, tail opens file in'read-only' mode and, an educated guess, logs are open in 'append-only' mode, so there shouldn't be much locking here to worry about. If this is still a bit concern for you, then you may want to try out the inotail which is based on latest linux inotify api to avoid polling the file.
Hope this helps, Alex
share|improve this answer
add comment
I don't think it is likely. I believe the writes will be cached in ram and since they were just written I imagine that tail will be reading those pages from ram as well. The pages will be periodically synced to disk. I would be surprised if Apache blocks on waiting for the logs to be written out to disk myself.
share|improve this answer
add comment
Your Answer


Two-spotted awl runner
from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Two-spotted awl runner
Two-spotted awl runner
Two-spotted awl runner
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Beetle (Coleoptera)
Family : Ground beetle (Carabidae)
Subfamily : Trechinae
Genre : Philochthus
Type : Two-spotted awl runner
Scientific name
Philochthus biguttatus
( Fabricius, 1779)
The twospotted Ahlenläufer ( Philochthus biguttatus, Syn.: Bembidion biguttatum ), also called the Great Marsh Ahlenläufer, is a ground beetle from the subfamily Trechinae.
The species is classified as not endangered in the Red List of Endangered Species in Germany and in the states of Baden-Württemberg and Saxony-Anhalt.
Notes on the name
The species was first described by Fabricius in 1779 under the name Carabus biguttatus. The description contains the characterization macula apicis pallida ( lat. The spots at the end of the elytra are pale). The number of these spots is expressed in the species name biguttatus (Latin "with two drop spots") and in the addition "two spots" to the German name. However, there are several similar species that also have two points on the elytra, on the other hand the spots can also be missing.
The generic name Philochthus is from ancient Gr. φίλος phílos "friend" and ὄχθος óchthos "hill" derived and indicates that the species can be found on mountains under stones. However, this is less true of this species.
The genus Philochthus was not established until 1828. It contains eighteen species that are all found in Europe.
Front view
Fig. 1: Front view
Fig. 2: shoulder
Fig. 3: Head Fig. 4: Pronotum
Wing cover
Fig. 5: Wing cover, base on the left
green: end of the seventh dot stripe
yellow arrow: missing edge
blue arrow: front bristle point in the third interval
Fig. 6: Bottom
Characteristics of the beetle
The black beetle grows to around four millimeters. The first link of the thread-shaped eleven-link feeler, the legs and some of the buttons are amber.
The mouthparts point forward, the end links of the jaw probes sit like a pin in the club-shaped thickened penultimate link. (Name Ahlenläufer, Fig. 1). This feature distinguishes all species of the Bembidiini tribe, which is why they were previously listed as the subfamily Bembidiinae. The forehead is furrowed lengthways next to the eye rims. The longitudinal furrows encompass two pore points above each eye, in which the two bristles above the eye (supraorbital ligament) arise (Fig. 3).
On the side edge of the slightly arched pronotum there are two bristle points on each side, the first in front of the half, the second near the base of the pronotum (Fig. 4, black arrowheads on the right). The side edges are evenly bent outwards up to the rear bristle point, and the two rear bristle points are about the same distance apart as the pronotum front edge is wide. Behind the second bristle point, the pronotum is tied off in a concave, neck-like manner. The posterior angles are obtuse but distinct (Fig. 2).
The wing covers have a short row of dots next to the label and seven further rows of dots that become indistinct towards the end. The outermost row of dots (Fig. 5, highlighted in green on the right) is only slightly weaker than the one next to it. Towards the end the wing covers are lightened brownish and each wing cover bears a yellowish spot (pre-apical spot) before the end. Of the two pore points in the third interval, the front one lies in front of the middle of the wing cover (Fig. 5, blue tinted arrow). At the end of the wing there is no keel in the eighth furrow (Fig. 5, yellow-tinted arrow). The side edge of the wing cover does not bend backwards at the base (Fig. 2 and 5).
The moisture-loving species occurs regularly in Central Europe in muddy places in arable fields or grassland, mainly after heavy rainfall, which explains the name "Marsh Ahlenläufer". The beetles are most common in May and early June. It is counted among the river marsh types. and prefers shady spots in stagnant and slowly flowing water.
The species is mostly common in Central Europe. The distribution area extends from southern Europe to southern northern Europe and from there to western Siberia.
 - Heinz Joy, Karl Wilhelm Harde, Gustav Adolf Lohse: The beetles of Central Europe. tape 2. Adephaga 1. Elsevier, Spektrum, Akad. Verl., Munich 1976, ISBN 3-87263-025-3.
Individual evidence
 1. a b Philochthus biguttatus in Fauna Europaea. Retrieved March 14, 2011
 2. Red lists at BioNetworkX
 3. JCFabricius: Species insectorvm exhibentes eorvm differentias specificas, synonyma avctorvm, loca natalia, metamorphosin adiectis observationibvs, descriptionibvs, Bd.I Hamburg, Kiel 1781 first description p. 323, 68th genus, 83rd Art
 4. Sigmund Schenkling: Explanation of the scientific beetle names (species)
 5. Philochthus at Fauna Europaea. Retrieved March 20, 2013
 6. Species of the genus Philochthus at BioLib
 7. ^ Woog, Dieter. (2009) Investigation of the ground beetle fauna on the farm areas of an ecologically working farm in Northwest Mecklenburg Virgo, bulletin of the Entomological Association Mecklenburg 12th year, issue 1, pp. 47–53 as PDF
 8. Technical documents of the State Institute for the Environment, Measurements and Nature Conservation Baden-Württemberg: Soil as a habitat for soil organisms; Soil biological site classification (literature study), online: PDF (22.3 MB)
 9. Polish koleopterologische page
Web links
Commons : Zweifleckiger Ahlenläufer - Album with pictures, videos and audio files


| Share
The Question:
I need to give my infant medicine and do not know the proper amount. I need to know how many mililiters (ml) are in 1/4 of a teaspoon. How do you calculate this conversion?
The Answer:
Using our conversion calculator, we find that there are 1.23 ml in 1/4 teaspoon.
—The Editors


text:
Use these two exercises to develop and progress your players' handling skills when they are facing a drift defence. MORE
Kick attack options
Use this drill to vary the kicking tactics for a flat or deep 10. It will help him target the right areas to kick to, and improve his reading of the defence and decision-making about whether to pass or kick.
This session will help your team attack the space behind the defensive line.
WIDE KICK – DEEP 10
- In attack have a feeder, a 10 standing deep and at least four other backs, including a winger. In defence, put in a covering full back and three players hidden behind the tackle tubes.
- Note the tubes are on a slight angle, which is about on the "tackle line", where a tackle would be expected to be made.
- The winger (W) should offer some width.
- Mark out a target area for a kick.
- The feeder passes to the 10.
- At the same time, none or some of the players step out from behind the tubes.
- The 10 either passes to space, or kicks for the winger.
- If he kicks, all the players chase, apart from those who didn't reveal themselves from the tube.
- Play touch tackling.
SHORT KICK – FLAT 10
- Add another defender with a tackle tube.
- This time, a defending 9 tracks back behind the tubes.
- Mark out areas for some short kicks.
- Repeat as above.
- The 10 should stand flatter.
- Without the time to make a long kick, he should opt for a chip or grubber kick.
- Be a triple threat on the ball – look to run, pass or kick. So hold the ball in both hands.
- Outside backs should call what's on – where is the space?


text:
Image to Text
Use Image to Text to extract text from BLOB image files. You can also use this tool to perform automatic table detection.
The Image to Text tool has 3 anchors:
- D input anchor: Use the D input anchor to connect the PDF image you want to convert.
- T input anchor: Use the T input anchor to connect annotations from the Image Template tool.
- Output anchor: Use the output anchor to pass the converted text downstream.
Configure the Tool
Add an Image Input to the canvas and connect it to the Image to Text tool.
Select the Image you want to extract text from.
Identify the Language of the text contained in the image.
Run the workflow to convert the image to text.
If you are converting images to text using the D anchor, Image to Text creates a column in the dataset. Each row in the column contains text from the pages of the PDF image. If you use the T anchor, the tool outputs a table that matches the table detected in the image files you provide.


container or sink.
Cleaning Tips For Your Electric Cooktop
 - Any spills should be cleaned up right away.
 - Use gentle scrubbing pads to avoid scratching your stove.
 - Clean your cooktop with the ceramic cleaner regularly.
 - To avoid scratches, avoid moving pots and pans across the cooktop's surface.
What's the best way to get my electric cooktop clean?
Clean your stovetop two to three times a week, depending on how often you cook. Clean the cooktop the same day after a part of cooking or on the off chance that you had arranged for an expansive gathering. Too, clean the stove as rapidly as conceivable on the off chance that you spill something or if you burn nourishment on it. The longer you hold up to break down the oil, the more troublesome it'll be.
They cleaned an electric cooktop with a mixture of baking soda, medium-temperature water, and a cleanser.
 - For approximately a minute, make the stove hit.
 - Fill the pot with water and place it on the burner.
 - Baking soda should be used.
 - Allow the paste to rest for a few seconds.
 - Using a washcloth, remove the baking soda all over.
 - Scrub the afflicted area carefully with dish soap and a cleaning utensil.
 - With a cloth, wipe off the remains.
How do you use vinegar to clean an electric stove?
Vinegar is an excellent home cleanser for keeping your stovetop clean. It's ideal for cleaning at the surface level, and it'll give your stovetop a lovely sheen.
Step 1: Before applying the vinegar to your stovetop, mix it with water in a 2:1 ratio
Step 2: Dip a cloth in the solution or simply spray the stovetop.
Step 3: Clean the cooktop with a damp cloth.
What is the best way to wipe away burn scars from an electric cooktop?
Utilize a preparing pop and vinegar blend to eradicate scars from your electric stove. This glue will be slightly more muscular than the one made with heating pop and water. Combine those as the ratio of 2:1
Because vinegar is acidic, it will react with baking soda, which is more basic, and fizzle, softening the burn scars on your stove. To avoid scratches, you should avoid cleaning the cooktop directly.
You can repeat the process until your stovetop is clean if you have difficulties wiping away the burn marks after letting the paste rest for a few minutes.
How often should your electric stove be cleaned?
The truth is that cleaning your electric stove after each user is the most fantastic method to keep it gleaming clean. Every time the furnace is used, clean up any spills using a wet cloth or sponge. The need for a frequent, more profound cleaning session will be reduced due to these little cleans after each meal.
It's best to clean electric stove top burners regularly, if not weekly, to make things simpler for yourself in the future. If you get rid of such areas as soon as they appear, food and oil won't have a chance to get trapped or cause harm. A clean stove top not only helps to preserve your and your family's health, but it also sets the tone for a beautiful kitchen. Please let us know which of these options has proven to be beneficial to you.
Furthermore, if you have any further queries or issues to report, please leave a comment below. Finally, if you have any questions on how to clean an electric cooktop regarding the processes above, this video should help you understand them better:
Related articles about electric cooktops:
Leave a Comment


8 thoughts on " Untroubled "
 1. Untroubled definition is - not given trouble: not made uneasy. How to use untroubled in a sentence.
 2. without trouble, discomfort, or disturbance: an easy, untroubled life; He was untroubled by daily setbacks.
 3. adjective undisturbed, unconcerned, unperturbed, cool, calm, steady, peaceful, composed, serene, tranquil, sedate, placid, unfazed (informal), unflappable (informal), unruffled, unworried, unflustered, unstirred, unagitated She remained untroubled by the reports.
 4. 'an untroubled gaze' 'The lake stretched serene and untroubled to the opposite shore where a hiker can still encounter bears and cougars.' 'She looked so peaceful and untroubled when she slept; it truly accented her beauty in his eyes.' 'The serene and apparently untroubled marriage of the royal pair is.
 5. (comparative more untroubled, superlative most untroubled) Of or pertaining to a lack of worries. Once the exams were over she once more enjoyed untroubled sleep.
 6. They spent half an hour on FaceTime, talking through the options, untroubled by their physical distance. New York Times May 7, And the college kids appear untroubled by anything other than mastering the buzzer and making their school look good - the kind of simple pleasures we look forward to reclaiming. Washington Times Apr 12,
 7. 35 synonyms of untroubled from the Merriam-Webster Thesaurus, plus 54 related words, definitions, and antonyms. Find another word for untroubled. Untroubled: free from emotional or mental agitation.
 8. Behind them, in the untroubled night, Delphin led Margot home. He sought her with a quiet conscience, untroubled by a fear. Yet in her badness she was frank, natural and untroubled as a child. Then we may possess the untroubled mind, a treasure too rich to be computed.
Leave a Reply


text:
Tuesday, August 28, 2012
Juha Vierinen's project GCS, GNU Chirp Sound
"The GNU Chirp Sounder is a software defined radio based receiver for monitoring ionospheric sounders (ionosondes) and over-the-horizon radars that use linear frequency sweep FM-CW transmissions. The software is based on gnuradio and relies on Ettus research USRP2 and USRP N210 based digital receivers. The receiver can be used to receive the whole HF band (typically at 25 MHz bandwidth) simultaneously, and to receive multiple sounders simultaneously. The current receiver can be used to perform single or dual polarization (channel) soundings. The dual channel recorded can be used to determine the polarization form vertical soundings, or for angle of arrival measurements. Multiple independent receivers could also be used for imaging purposes."


text:
Field Blacksmith Shop
Peleg Field, New Berlin's first blacksmith, moved to the area in 1796. The Field Blacksmith Shop served the community of New Berlin, New York, from 1827 until the 1850's. Since two other blacksmiths had set up shop in New Berlin by 1827, this building may have been Field's attempt to stay ahead of his new competition. The building is unique because it has two forges, is much larger than typical blacksmith shops, and has interesting architectural features.
What Do Blacksmiths Do?
Blacksmiths work with iron and steel to create a variety of goods. As skilled craftspeople in the 1800's, blacksmiths provided important services to growing communities. Rural blacksmiths were able to work on a number of different types of smithing. The more diverse a rural blacksmith's skill, the more valuable he was to the community. They mostly focused on making and repairing farm equipment, shoeing horses, making kitchen utensils, and working on hardware for vehicles. The community would depend on the blacksmith to manufacture and repair most of the hardware that families used every day.
Blacksmiths as Businessmen
A blacksmith would keep accounts of his work. In his day book, he would keep track of what he did that day. He would also keep an account book to track the debits and credits of his customers. Customers rarely paid the same day that work was done. Payment could either be cash, goods, or services.
The Industrial Revolution in America began to change the job of the rural blacksmith. With the mass production of farm equipment and household items, the blacksmith spent less time making items and more time repairing items. Over time, it became cheaper to replace a broken item than have the blacksmith repair it. With the increase in the number and quality of roads, more people were having their animals shod. Slowly, the role of the blacksmith changed to someone who mostly shoed horses.
Tools of The Blacksmithing Trade
The blacksmith shop would need to contain a forge, bellows, tools, iron, and fuel to do the job. The heart of the shop would be the forge and bellows. The forge is where the iron would be heated. The bellows would force concentrated air under a coal or charcoal fire to make it hot enough to work the iron, usually around three thousand degrees. After the metal was heated to around two thousand degrees, it would be moved to the anvil. The surface of the anvil would provide a place to absorb the blows from the hammer, and by using certain parts of the anvil, could help form the shape of the object being forged. It was common for the blacksmith to make a tool specifically for a particular job. The tools used by the blacksmith would fall into several categories with the blacksmith having multiple variations in each type of tool. They would vary in size, weight, and face type to accomplish a particular job. Blacksmiths would use hammers, punches, tongs, forms, chisels, wedges, and fullers. If a blacksmith did not have a perfect tool for a job, he would make it. Tools created by a blacksmith for a particular job were often very unique and unrecognizable even to other blacksmiths.


text:
100 to 120 thousand plants per acre. Plant stands as low as 40,000 plants per acre will have a yield reduction of 13% provided the weeds were controlled.
A field assessment of the plant stand is necessary to make the decision to replant. Cold injury can be spotty varying based on low lying areas, hills or knolls in the field, a wet hole, etc. Plant stands should be taken across the field with special attention to the areas that differ in stand. Secondly, plant stand counts should not include those dying/dead plants that we previously discussed. The goal is to assess the surviving plant stand, its yield potential, and the subsequent management decisions to maximize the productivity and profitability of the reduced stand vs. replanting.


text:
Mathematics and Design
When thinking about combining design and mathematics, I automatically think about proportions and why things are designed the way they are. A door frame is usually 80 inches tall, and that's not just because it's somebody's favorite number. They make doors that tall, or put windows at certain heights, or ceilings so tall because they take the average human body into their thinking. Realizing that an average man is about 6 feet tall they are obviously going to give them more headroom. Things like this are specialized for certain customers, but normally the architect designs for what a normal customer would like. If you make a ceiling to small, the residents are going to feel claustrophobic. It does not stop at architects however, as all designers take proportion into account. Sculptors think about how a human would look and create their art off of that. Clothing designers think about what fit is going to look best on their client. All of this measurement and planning brings mathematics into their head. People have known about this forever. Drawings by Leonardo da Vinci and the ones below by Adolphe Armand Braun are perfect examples of how people think in terms of the human body.


, Volume 111, Issue 6, pp _PHONE_
Date: 19 Nov 2010
No effect of menstrual cycle phase on fuel oxidation during exercise in rowers
Rent the article at a discount
Rent now
* Final gross prices may vary according to local VAT.
Get Access
The aim of this investigation was to examine the effects of menstrual cycle phase on substrate oxidation and lactate concentration during exercise. Eleven eumenorrheic female rowers (18.4 ± 1.9 years; 172.0 ± 4.0 cm; 67.2 ± 8.4 kg; 27.7 ± 4.8% body fat) completed 1 h rowing ergometer exercise at 70% of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) during two different phases of the menstrual cycle: the follicular phase (FP) and the luteal phase (LP). Resting and exercise measurements of the whole body energy expenditure, oxygen consumption (VO2), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), substrate oxidation and lactate blood levels were made. Energy expenditure, VO2 and heart rate during the 1-h exercise were not significantly different (P > 0.05) among menstrual cycle phases. Resting RER and RER during the entire 1 h exercise period were not significantly different among menstrual cycle phases. There was an increase (P < 0.05) in RER in the transition between rest and exercise and a further increase in RER occurred after the first 30 min of exercise at both menstrual cycle phases. Blood lactate concentrations significantly increased in the transition between rest and exercise and remained relatively constant during the whole 1 h of exercise in both menstrual cycle phases. No menstrual cycle phase effect (P > 0.05) was observed for blood lactate concentrations. In conclusion, our results demonstrated no effect of menstrual cycle phase on substrate oxidation and blood lactate concentration during rowing exercise at 70% of VO2max in athletes. Normally menstruating female rowers should not be concerned about their menstrual cycle phase with regard to substrate oxidation in everyday training.
Communicated by Susan Ward.


text:
Bridges and Structural Technology
Bridges and tunnels are key components of the road network system. These structures have to be stable, safe for traffic and long-lasting. The growth in traffic, particularly the increase in heavy goods vehicles and modified forms of vehicle stresses as a result of new tyre and axle systems, require a continual adaptation of the building materials and processes to enable the requirements of safety, efficiency and environmental friendliness to be met.
Civil engineering works should be able to safely withstand the stresses resulting from traffic and the weather and be as low-maintenance as possible. In order to continue to ensure the high requirements of the quality of both planning and performance with regard to stability and durability, building materials and construction methods undergo continual optimisation.
The BASt is developing procedures designed to improve durability and economy as well as undertaking research into identifying damage at an early stage and taking appropriate repair measures. It is essential to develop a sustainable maintenance system and draw up a holistic life-cycle management.
In order to maintain a reliable road network, new innovative approaches have to be integrated into maintenance management and there to undergo further development. In the future, "intelligent structures" are envisaged to provide real-time relevant information for holistic assessment.
Tunnels too have to sufficiently stable, durable and safe for traffic over their long useful life. At the BASt, the safety of tunnel users and thus the improvement in tunnel equipment enjoy the same high priorities as the concepts designed to raise civil security.
Alongside the safety of traffic users, an equal focus is on a high degree of availability of building structures, as far as research in civil security is concerned. Events that are by no means commonplace are taken into account, which can represent extreme stress both for structures and users.


text:
Most Active Stories
- Poll Shows Major Support for Medical Marijuana in Kentucky
- Boating Accident on Kentucky Lake Kills Fisherman
- MSU's Dunn Selected to be Youngstown State's Next President
- Recurring Trials for an Iranian Family – A Microcosm of the Persecution of the Baha'is in Iran
- TVA Eyes Closing Power Units at Shawnee Fossil Plant, Other Coal Facilities
Thu August 9, 2012
Uncovering Secrets Buried At A Neglected Cemetery
Originally published on Thu August 9, 2012 10:07 am
At most cemeteries, hearing weed cutters and lawn mowers trimming grass around graves would seem normal enough. But at Lincoln Cemetery in Montgomery, Ala., these are the sounds of progress.
Lincoln Cemetery was established in 1907 for African-Americans. But with no one in charge of the cemetery or keeping up with burial records, abuse, vandalism and neglect became rampant and the cemetery is in disrepair. Grass and weeds grew three feet high. People picked apart old, crumbling graves and took bones of the deceased.
And no one is quite where people are actually buried.
"When somebody would be buried here, they were burying people on top of people. See these two markers? They laid them up on this grave. So we're not sure which one of these spaces that person is in," says Phyllis Armstrong, a volunteer helping to clean up Lincoln.
Lincoln was designed for 700 graves. So far, volunteers have recorded more than nine times that amount — a total of 6,700 graves, some of which are actually under nearby roads.
Phillip Taunton heads the local group overseeing the cleanup.
"It's immoral and it's unethical for anything like this to be taking place, especially here in the city of Montgomery," Taunton says.
City leaders agreed. Two years ago, officials created an authority to restore the cemetery. Now, volunteers like Armstrong come out almost every day to cut grass, rake leaves and pick up litter. But the problems underscore a darker part of Southern history. Lee Anne Wofford of the Alabama Historical Commission says Lincoln is a direct result of segregation.
"What people don't understand is that it also applied in death. Not just at bus stations or restaurants or bathrooms, but in death also. So, you have separate cemeteries for whites and blacks," Wofford says.
Wofford walks to the grave marker of a woman who was key in the civil rights movement. Aurelia Browder-Coleman was a friend of Rosa Parks and was lead plaintiff in a historic court case. Browder v. Gayle ended segregation of Montgomery city buses in 1956. But Browder-Coleman's major contribution to the civil rights movement didn't keep her from segregation in death. Her marker was found leaning against a tree in Lincoln, and Wofford says no one even knows where she's buried.
"So you have prominent people who are just forgotten, lost. Where are they? But they were so significant in what they did in overturning long-standing laws," Wofford says.
This fall, a judge in Montgomery is set to decide who owns Lincoln Cemetery. hundred years. Until then, volunteers like Phyllis Armstrong will continue to clean and document graves and try to uncover the secrets that have been kept hidden for more than a hundred years.


text:
Pixel binning refers to the concept of combining the electrical charges of neighboring pixels together to form a superpixel. The main benefit of this technique is that the combined charges would overcome the read noise at the sacrifice of spatial resolution. Binning in color image sensors results in superpixel Bayer pattern data, and subsequent demosaicking yields the final, lower resolution, less noisy image. It is common knowledge among the practitioners and camera manufacturers, however, that binning introduces severe artifacts. Our in-depth analysis proves that these artifacts differ from the ones stemming from loss of resolution or demosaicking, and therefore it cannot be eliminated simply by increasing the sensor resolution. We propose a post-capture binning data processing solution that succeeds in suppressing noise and preserving image details. We verify experimentally that the proposed method outperforms the existing alternatives by a substantial margin.
Xiaodan Jin, Keigo Hirakawa, "Analysis and Processing of Pixel Binning for Color
Image Sensor," under review. [bibtex][pdf]


9 TO 6 CDT
GMT minus 5 hours
Monday thru Friday
Do not call on
Sat. Sun. please
57. Piano Sound BoardRepairing Cracks
The sound board is a five eighths inch thick wooden board in the back of the piano. On the back of it, it has one inch ribs which stabilize it by running against the grain of the sound board. A sound board is made one of two ways.
The traditional sound board is made of several five eighths thick boards which are glued side by side across the whole inside of the piano. It is the best sounding board, but with age, it can crack.
More recently, sound boards have been made of laminated wood, or glorified plywood. They never crack, but they are slightly dead or muffled. Pay your money and take your chances.
"My sound board is cracked. Is the piano ruined?"
There is a myth still around that a piano is ruined if it has cracks in the sound board. The Steinway people did a test on this. They made a piano with a quarter inch "crack" in it. The cross ribs were tight and normal. When they tested it with Db meters, they found that the piano with a "crack" in it did just as well as a new piano with a perfect sound board.
So, what's the problem? When a piano develops cracks from old age, the cracks can cause buzzes. Also, the crack is much bigger than it would appear. When a crack develops, the spruce of the sound board warps and pulls away from the cross ribs. The effect is to widen the crack as far as acoustics are concerned. The illustrations will help you see what is happening.
While we are here, let's talk about the graphics at the left. You are looking at the front of the sound board area and the lower end of the treble bridge in the lower left an upright from the turn of the century from Leipzig.
The lower graphic shows a crack in the sound board at an angle to the upper left. The end of the bridge mounting board is also hanging in space. This prevents all the sound from transferring from the lowest strings shown into the sound board. The sound will have to travel up the bridge and find a way to the sound board by traveling far. This mutes the sound greatly at times.
The crack and the bridge mounting board separation call for an examination of the bridge to see if the main bridge is also separating. If so, go to Chapter Sever, Section 6-- Bridge Repair for instructions.
The crack here is not badly advanced, but it should be done at once. I also want you to see the severe deterioration of the varnish on the sound board. This sound board was over varnished I think, for the effect looks very think. Try to keep from adding so much varnish when refinishing a sound board. The weight is a real issue, and the cracking could slightly slow down the board.
The object of repairing the sound board is to return the warped sound board to be tight against the rib again.
All you need to buy is a box of 100 No. 10, inch and a quarter wood screws. I suggest Philips head. Also, if you don't have one, get a counter sinking bit for wood which will fit your drill motor.
If you are working on an upright, you will have to get it well away from the wall so that you can work behind it. If you have a grand, you will have to work under the thing. Extra light is essential in both cases.
Sturdy Philips Screw driver. Slow speed electric screw driver or drill with Philips bit. One drill bit the size of the shank of the screws you bought (see below). Counter sinking bit for wood.
First, clean the whole area behind the upright. The grand will be clean already.
Second, Determine which drill bit to use. The size of the bit must be exactly the same as the diameter of the screw shank. You are NOT going to drill a guide hole for the threads.
Third, Drill two holes on every rib-- One on either side of the crack wherever the rib crosses a crack. Drill them about a half inch from the crack. DO NOT DRILL INTO THE SOUND BOARD. DRILL ONLY THROUGH THE RIB. STOP SHORT OF GOING INTO THE SOUND BOARD. Are you getting the point?
You will bungle the whole job if you drill into the sound board. This hole you are drilling is to let the screw turn freely in the rib as it bites into the sound board. If you are unsure of yourself, go invest in one of those drill bits which have a stop on it. Set the stop so that the exposed part of the drill is only as long as the rib is deep.
The spruce sound board is five eighths of an inch thick, and it is not overly hard wood. Any error could put you all the way through the board.
If the crack has opened and warped a lot, drill four holes in the rib-- One on each side of the crack (totalfour at each point where a rib crosses a crack).
Fourth, Using the counter sinking bit, recess the tops of the holes just enough for the screw heads to be flush with the rib. This is neater work, and it is more secure.
Fifth, Put a screw into every hole. Take a look at your work, and see if you have missed any points that need doing. You will have to let some points go undrilled because they will be behind the wood frame of the piano. Don't worry about this.
Now, run the screws in with the electric drill motor and the Philips bit. The best drill motor is a battery operated one which runs slow. If you cannot control it, use the hand held screw driver for the whole process. You must not over tighten, or you will strip out the screw in the sound board. Leave the screw to be tightened the last couple of turns with the hand held screw driver so you have control.
As you can see in The illustration, the tip of the screw may just come through the other side of the sound board. This is good since the threads of the screw are getting a full bite in the wood this way. In the grand piano, you may not like the tips of the screws showing when you look into the piano. Sorry, but if you use a one inch screw, you will not get a good bite in the wood. Better to have the points showing than the loss of volume or a buzz, right?
If you had to put two holes on each side of a bad crack, tighten the outside holes first, then tighten the inside holes. This will bring the board up in stages and prevent stripping out the screws.
Don't cover the screws for cosmetic reasons as restoration shops do. You may want to snug the screws in a few years. You are done. It may not be real pretty, but your piano's sound board is now good for another fifty years.
You can run some Elmer's glue into all of the cracks, but it is not necessary. I usually don't bother.
There are toggle bolts made just for this repair, and you can get them from your tuner. But, they add too much weight to the sound board, and several cracks could cost quite a lot. I don't like them, and I won't tell you how to use them.
Last thought: If the sound board was severely broken up, and yet you got it all back together, you should do two more things.
First, work glue into the space between the sound board and the sides of the cabinet and the floor of the cabinet or the heavy wood frame in the rear. You want the sound board firmly anchored to the frame and cabinet.
Second, you should check the bearing of the strings over the bridge. This can be done with a bearing gage which we sell in the Catalog Tool Section. Sometimes a sound board warps or is different than when new because of repairs, and the sound will not get into the board through the bridges if there is no bearing or a negative bearing.
Filling Cracks in Sound Boards
Repairing the sound board from the back is essential, and filling the crack from above will not be enough alone to secure the sound board and stop the buzzing. Once the process above is complete, you may want to fill the cracks on the top side of the board for cosmetic purposes.
To accomplish this you must be doing a complete restoration and removing the harp for restringing. Once the harp is removed, you must deepen the grooves where the cracks are. Two "V" shaped tools are available, and either will work. The one with tools on each end and a handle in the middle has the most options for work. See this catalog page for sound board repair items.
The groove made by the tool is "V" shaped. This groove will then receive a spruce shim which is shaped the same way. Elmer's Carpenter's Glue must be used, and the spruce shim is tapped into the "V" groove and allowed to dry. The chisel end of the tool is then used to trim the excess of the spruce shim down level with the sound board You must avoid getting into the sound board Some very modest sanding is in order as a last step, and the sound board should then be lightly sanded and a coat of varnish or lacquer added.
Restoring the Crown and Down Bearing of a Sound Board
CAVEAT EMPTOR: This is strictly an act of desperation. If you use this technique, you must take 100% responsibility for the results. I have never done


(GL(n + 1, ℝ), GL(n, ℝ)) is a generalized Gelfand pair
Research paper by G. van Dijk
Indexed on: 07 Dec '08Published on: 07 Dec '08Published in: Russian Journal of Mathematical Physics
Denote by G = GL(n + 1, ℝ) the group of invertible (n + 1) × (n + 1) matrices with real entries, acting on ℝn+1 in the usual way, and let H1 = GL(n, ℝ) be the stabilizer of the first unit vector e0. Let H0 = GL(1, ℝ) and set H = H0 × H1. It is known that the pair (G,H) is a generalized Gelfand pair. Define a character χ of H by χ(h) = χ(h0h1) = χ0(h0) where χ0 is a unitary character of H0 (h0 ∈ H0, h1 ∈ H1). Let σ be the anti-involution on G given by σ(g) = tg. In this note, we show that any distribution T on G satisfying T(h1gh2) = χ(h1h2) T(g) (g ∈ G; h1, h2 ∈ H) is invariant under the anti-involution σ. This result implies that (G,H1) is a generalized Gelfand pair.


text:
This article was originally distributed via PRWeb. PRWeb, WorldNow and this Site make no warranties or representations in connection therewith.
'A Simple Guide to Planting Oaks in Australia' offers exciting and amazing tips on the importance of oaks and how to plant them successfully '
Darnum, Victoria, Australia (PRWEB) January 11, 2013
Author Richard Browne expresses his sturdy and prolific fervor for nature as he pens a profound and delightful anthology in A Simple Guide to Planting Oaks in Australia. This is the author's long dream to write a book about his passion–oak trees and to share to the world how he was captivated by its grandeur and mystery.
This volume will reveal Browne's 10 years of collecting and planting oaks. It all began after arriving from Ireland and realising what to do with his six acres of bare land. Missing the beautiful and colorful changing of the seasons and the distinctive smell of the deciduous woods that he had enjoyed during his childhood, thus he decided to collect and plant oaks from different parts of the world. Through time, Browne studied and researched as much knowledge as could be found. Browne believes that oaks have played a great part in the evolution of culture. It is also the most obvious form of flora and fauna that has been quite advantageous to the Australian landscape, soil and wildlife rather than being detrimental like so many of the other impulsive imports. This book aims to provide a simple guide to the things people didn't know, but probably should, about the oaks.
A Simple Guide to Planting Oaks in Australia is a book that showcases the author's long years of passion for oaks. It will also help gardeners, oak enthusiasts and land owners learn many interesting new facts and method about oak planting and collecting.
For more information on this book, interested parties may log on to _URL_.
About the Author
Richard Browne has studied and collected oak trees for many years, both in Europe and Australia. He is a member of The International Oak Society, and an assistant curator for The Encyclopaedia of Life. The author is an educator and often called upon around S.E. Australia for advice on trees and their planting. He is currently preparing an extensive work on the world's oaks, of which this book is a small and often intriguing sample.
A Simple Guide to Planting Oaks in Australia * by Richard Browne
Publication Date: December 21, 2012
Picture Book; $49.99; 96 pages; 978-1-4797-4955-3
Picture Book Hardcover; $69.99; 96 pages; 978-1-4797-4956-0
Ebook; $3.99; 978-1-4797-4957-7
Members of the media who wish to review this book may request a complimentary paperback copy by contacting the publisher at _PHONE_ x. 7879. To purchase copies of the book for resale, please fax Xlibris at _PHONE_ or call _PHONE_ x. 7879.
For more information on self-publishing or marketing with Xlibris, visit _URL_. To receive a free publishing guide, please call _PHONE_.
For the original version on PRWeb visit: _URL_


Directed acyclic word graph
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
In computer science, a directed acyclic word graph (DAWG) is a data structure that represents the set of all substrings of a string. As its name implies, a DAWG takes the form of a directed acyclic graph; it can also be viewed as a deterministic finite automaton, and is similar in structure to suffix trees. DAWG have applications in approximate string matching.[1]
See also[edit]
 1. ^ Navarro, Gonzalo (2001). "A guided tour to approximate string matching" (PDF). ACM Computing Surveys 33 (1): 31–88. doi:10.1145/375360.375365.


text:
Who may enroll in galileo?
The Galileo program caters to pre-school and grade school students ages 3 to 12.
Galileo provides the following benefits for the young learners:
- Improved school grades
- Become academically competitive
- Gain lots of friends
- Nurture skills and talents
- Develop a positive attitude towards studying
When can a student start at galileo?
The best time to begin a student's journey in the Galileo program is NOW. The sooner you get him into the program, the sooner he will be able to reap the program's benefits. Once the student enters the program, he is assessed according to his skills. The student may start his Galileo experience after the assessment, which will only take 15 minutes of his time.
How many times in a week will a student attend galileo?
Students go to the Galileo Center twice a week for 30 to 45 minutes per session. The student works closely with teacher-facilitator and is given fun activities to supplement the lesson for the day. Homework is given so that learning is continuous even outside the center. Parental involvement is strongly encouraged.
How long does a student need to be enrolled in galileo?
Learning is a process that requires time and effort. Students are encouraged to be part of the Galileo program for at least a year to observe significant improvements. The program works with learners in a continuous effort and aims to teach excellent study and independence.


text:
Microhole-pair hollow core fiber Fabry–Perot interferometer micromachining by a femtosecond laser
Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
This study presents a sensitive and high-response microhole-pair (MP) hollow-core fiber (HCF) Fabry–Perot (FP) interferometer (MPHCFFPI) by microdrilling two holes symmetrically on the sidewall of the HCF via a femtosecond laser micromachining technique.
Real-time spectral response guided smart femtosecond laser bone drilling
Bone drilling is a common surgical procedure of knee arthroplasty, craniotomy, stapedotomy, dental treatment, and laminotomy. Although femtosecond laser processing provides a promising method for precision bone drilling, it is still challenging to achieve thermal accumulation suppression and damage protection for large-scale hole drilling.
Femtosecond laser surface irradiation of silicon in air: Pulse repetition rate influence on crater features and surface texture
The influence of the pulse repetition rate on laser irradiation of silicon, in air, with femtosecond laser pulses is experimentally investigated in the range 10 Hz – 200 kHz. The features of the produced crater and the laser-induced periodic surface structures generated on its surface are characterized by exploiting surface profilometry and scanning electron microscopy.


text:
Shotgun patterns are the most important thing to know before you go hunting.
There are many different types of shotgun patterns that can be utilized for hunting.
The first type of shotgun pattern is the "O" pattern, which is a circular pattern with a center point. The second type of shotgun pattern is the "X" pattern, which is a cross-shaped pattern.
The third type of shotgun pattern is the "W" pattern, which looks like an upside down letter "V" and it's usually used for shooting at waterfowl.
The fourth type of shotgun pattern is the "Y" Pattern, which looks like an upside down letter "Y" and it's usually used for shooting at small game animals or upland birds
Introduction: What are Shotgun Patterns?
Shotgun patterns are a type of design pattern that is used to create a map from the user's input data to the output data.
Shotgun patterns are designed for use-cases where one or more input parameters need to be mapped to one or more output parameters. It is also known as a "shotgun approach" because it can produce many different outputs when given different input parameters.
Shotgun Patterns are an example of Object-Oriented Design in which the parameters are objects with specific interfaces and behaviors, and the outputs are objects with specific interfaces and behaviors.
Shotgun Pattern Types and Why You Need to Know Them
Shotgun Patterns are a way to organize your code in a logical manner. This article will explore the various types of Shotgun Patterns, why you need to know them, and how they can help you write better code.
The article will cover the following topics:
- The three types of shotgun patterns
- Why it's important to use them
- How they can make your code more readable and easier to maintain
Patterns for Hunting Different Animal Types
Hunting is a sport that has been around for centuries. Hunting different animal types is a challenge that hunters are faced with every time they go out on a hunt. There are many patterns that hunters use to hunt different animals. They can be broken down into two categories - the type of animal and the environment in which the animal lives.
How to Choose the Right Shotgun Pattern for You?
A shotgun pattern is a type of ammunition that is used in shotguns. It spreads out, or "sprays", the pellets in a wide pattern. Shotguns with this type of ammunition are often used for hunting large groups of animals at close range or for shooting clays.
There are two types of shotgun patterns:
- Full choke: The shot has a tight spread that makes it best to use when shooting at medium ranges and when there are multiple targets.
- Improved cylinder: The shot has an average spread that makes it best to use when shooting at long ranges and when there is only one target.
Shotguns are one of the most versatile and powerful weapons in the game. They can be used to take down enemies at a distance, and they can also be used to take down enemies who are close by.
Shotguns are versatile weapons because they have a wide range of different types of ammunition that you can use with them. For example, slugs will do more damage to an enemy than buckshot, but buckshot will do more damage than birdshot. One thing that makes shotguns so powerful is that you don't need to be too accurate with them in order for them to work well for you.
Shotguns have been around for a long time and there's no sign of them going away any time soon. If you're looking for an effective weapon to add to your arsenal then
Introduction: What is a shotgun pattern, how do hunters pattern a shotgun, and what are the benefits of doing so?
Shotgun patterns are used to create a spread of shot in a cone shape. The pattern is created by the shooter's aim and the choke of the gun barrel.
There are two types of shotgun patterns: open and closed. The open pattern is created by an open choke, which means that it has no constrictions in the end of the barrel. A closed pattern is created by a fully constricted barrel with no gaps or holes.
The benefit of using shotgun patterns is that it allows hunters to hit their target from a longer distance than if they were using single shots, but it also has drawbacks because it can cause more collateral damage to nearby animals than if hunters were using single shots.
A shotgun pattern is an intentional distribution of lead pellets over an area, usually at close range,
What Kind of Pattern is Ideal for Hunting different Animals?
The patterns of animal hunting are not the same for every species. The pattern of hunting a deer is different from hunting a rabbit.
Different animals have different patterns when it comes to their habitat, behaviour, and diet. There are many factors that make up a pattern of animal hunting. Hunting patterns also vary depending on the time of day and season.
Conclusion: Valid Reasons To Practice With A Shotgun Ball Pattern Target
Valid reasons to practice with a shotgun ball pattern target
The conclusion is an important part of the essay. It is where you sum up everything you have said and offer your opinion on the topic at hand. The conclusion should be short and to the point. You want to leave your reader feeling satisfied and with a sense of closure.


text:
Ottawa, ON, Feb 15, 2012 — One city's relationship with trees is explored in a new museum exhibit in Ottawa.
Six moments in the history of an urban forest is the brainchild of Carleton University history professor Joanna Dean and graduate student Will Knight.
Present-day Ottawa began as rough riverside lumber shanties in the early 1800s. It grew to become the nation's capital, with various trends in tree clearing and tree planting along the way. More recently, the area has faced damage from natural disaster and invasive pests, like the emerald ash borer, which threatens perhaps 30% of Ottawa's existing tree population.
Although the display considers urban forestry from an Ottawa perspective, the challenge of combining trees with cities is universal. Lucy Martin spoke with co-curators, Joanna Dean and Will Knight on opening day at the Bytown Museum, beside the treed slopes of Parliament Hill. Go to full article


text: Integrated iron and steel plants generate large amounts of metallurgical slag, which usually contains some quantity of metals or mixtures of oxides that could be treated to be recycled in various applications. The conventional method for disposal of slags is dumping. However, it is possible to process the slags to be used in the production of metallic iron, or as an additive in cement making. In this study, a basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelwork slag obtained from the Kardemir integrated iron and steel works, Karabuk, Turkey is used. A drum magnetic separator system with pre-engineered crucial processing parameters of drum revolution speed, drum radius, drum flesh thickness, and magnitude of the magnetic field applied is utilized, as these parameters have a competing influence on the results. Subsequently, the effects of slag grain size and the drum-blade gap are investigated in the separation efficiency of magnetic grains. It is found that collection of magnetic grains is improved by decreasing the grain size of slags and moreover, the collection of magnetic grains fraction is increased with an increase in the gap between the blades and drum.


Longitudinal Stresses on a Ship (Online)
This course shows participants the different types of longitudinal stress that a vessel is subject to. Each stress type will be explained in terms of how the stress occurs and how the ships hull is impacted by the stress.
Delivery Method:100% online training and assessment
Designed for:Junior Deck Officers, Deck Ratings, Dry Bulk Cargo Loading Terminal, Dry Bulk Cargo Unloading/Discharge Terminal, Tanker Loading Terminal, Tanker Unloading/Discharging, Container Terminal, a refresher for Masters and Senior Deck Officers
Content Types:Written material, images, animation
Learning Outcomes:Upon successful completion of this training, participants will:
1. Know the three types of stress identified on ships hulls
2. Be able to identify how shear force is created and possible impacts on the ship
3. Be able to identify how bending moments are created and possible impacts on the ship
4. Be able to identify how torsion stress is created and possible impacts on the ship
Certification:Australian Maritime College Completion Statement.
Duration:Approximately 30 minutes
Product Code:003-026 | Version 1, 15 September 2020
Course Preview:Click here to preview the online course


text:
National Stormwater Calculator
EPA's National Stormwater Calculator (SWC) is a desktop application that estimates the annual amount of rainwater and frequency of runoff from a specific site anywhere in the United States (including Puerto Rico). Estimates are based on local soil conditions, land cover, and historic rainfall records.
It is designed to be used by anyone interested in reducing runoff from a property, including
- site developers,
- landscape architects,
- urban planners, and
The Calculator accesses several national databases that provide soil, topography, rainfall, and evaporation information for the chosen site.


text:
Let and be two differentiable functions. We will say that and are proportional if and only if there exists a constant C such that. Clearly any function is proportional to the zero-function. If the constant C is not important in nature and we are only interested into the proportionality of the two functions, then we would like to come up with an equivalent criteria. The following statements are equivalent:
Therefore, we have the following:
Define the Wronskian of and to be, that is
The following formula is very useful (see reduction of order technique):
Remark: Proportionality of two functions is equivalent to their linear dependence. Following the above discussion, we may use the Wronskian to determine the dependence or independence of two functions. In fact, the above discussion cannot be reproduced as is for more than two functions while the Wronskian does....


text:
- An instance of gaining access to a property under false pretences, with the intention of committing theft: two thieves pretending to be from the Water Board have carried out a string of distraction burglaries in the areaMore example sentences
- Clear links have been established between doorstep cold-calling and crimes such as distraction burglaries, where crooks con their way into someone's home under false pretences.
- A trial scheme in Cambridgeshire has cut the incidence of distraction burglaries by a ninth (11%) since it was set up two years ago.
- Police officers are also warning elderly people to be on their guard tonight because Halloween can be rife with people committing distraction burglaries.
- More example sentences
- A total ban on all doorstep selling for property repairs will be the only sure way to protect older people from rogue traders and distraction burglars.
- Three distraction burglars were disturbed during an offence but still managed to escape with the money.
- He arrested a distraction burglar who targeted his neighbour's home.