text:
The most common way to create new files is by using a program. For example, you can create a text document in a word processing program or a movie file in a video editing program.
Some programs create a file when you open them. When you open WordPad, for example, it starts with a blank page. This represents an empty (and unsaved) file. Start typing, and when you are ready to save your work, click File in the menu bar and then click Save As. In the dialog box that appears, type a file name that will help you find the file again in the future, and then click Save.
By default, most programs save files in common folders like Documents, Pictures, and Music, which makes it easy to find the files again next time. For more information on creating new files, see Save a file.
When you no longer need a file, you can remove it from your computer's hard disk to save space and keep your computer from getting cluttered with unwanted files. To delete a file, open the folder that contains the file and then select the file. Press DELETE and then, in the Delete File dialog box, click Yes.
When you delete a file, it's temporarily stored in the Recycle Bin. Think of the Recycle Bin as a safety folder that allows you to recover files or folders that you deleted accidentally. Occasionally, you should empty the Recycle Bin to reclaim all of the hard disk space being used by your unwanted files. To learn how to empty the Recycle Bin, see Permanently delete files from the Recycle Bin.


text:
Ilala Weavers are the sponsors of the Zulu art, they have built relationships with a number of Zulu communities within a 200km radius of Hluhluwe. The Zulu's are the largest tribe in Southern Africa, renowned for their artistry and craftsmanship.
Dotted on the rolling hills of KwaZulu-Natal, there exists a beehive of industry, where numerous women work at the art of basketry. They have taken the traditional art form and turned it into a way in which to supplement their incomes, and in many cases their only means of income.
The women work in their homes, where they can assimilate basket-making into their normal routine – giving themselves time to raise their children, work in the fields, collect water and other daily chores

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


value chain.
2.3. Benefits of Trade Facilitation
Efficient TF measures can eliminate costs and reduce time needed for exporting and importing (TTCs). This is critical as trade costs can be as high as 134% ad valorem tariff on a product in high‐income countries and a 219% tariff equivalent in developing countries [1]. The benefits of improved TF from reduction of TTCs following trade expansion lead to economic development, with gains accruing at various stages of development process (Figure 3).
Figure 3.
Benefits of Trade Facilitation.
TF can be improved by lowering TTCs. In practice, improving TF encompasses many interrelated factors which effect the reduction in associated trade costs. For example, improved infrastructure related to transport, ports and customs, and more advanced use of information and communication technology (hard infrastructure) strengthen physical connectivity among countries and also regions within the country, facilitating trade expansion.
Alternatively, trade procedures involve collecting, presenting, communicating and processing data required in cross‐border transactions. If these processes are subject to excessive documentation, physical inspections and bureaucratic requirements (red tape) at borders, processing costs and clearance times will increase, leading to increases of both direct and indirect TTCs. Thus, improving soft infrastructure is vital to eliminate TTCs in the accrual of TF benefits, while simplification and harmonisation of trade procedures enable traders to deal more easily with cross‐border transactions. Subsequently, international trading systems become more transparent and reliable, with more efficient use of resources, which reduces smuggling and informal trade.
TF allows countries to speed up trade transactions. This is more important as time is becoming increasingly a critical factor in determining the comparative advantage of trade. The contemporary business environment seeks faster global transactions made possible by globalisation of information technology. In the modern trading environment, consumers are willing to pay more for faster deliveries of goods and services making it essential that firms deliver their products on time. Consequently, firms have the burden of additional costs of holding a buffer stock to avoid trade delays. These inventory costs include both capital costs of the goods while they are in transit and costs of holding larger quantities of stock to cover variations in arrival time [19]. Border transaction inconsistency may affect a firm's competitiveness negatively. Nordas et al. [20] explained that time taken for moving goods to the market affects trade flows in two ways. Firstly, it determines whether or not firms will enter a particular foreign market. Secondly, time affects the volume of trade once a market entry is made. This is more crucial for firms trading time‐sensitive commodities. Such products include fresh produce such as agricultural products (fresh fruit and vegetables) and seasonal products such as textiles and clothing. However, minimising trade delays through efficient TF initiatives enables countries to increase volumes of time‐sensitive product exports to meet consumer satisfaction.
A majority of TF‐related studies have found that potential benefits of TF are greater in developing countries, and more gains are acquired by small and medium enterprises. Improved TF encourages more active participation of export‐driven SMEs. Improvement in information and communication technology is one of the crucial factors that could prevent asymmetric effects on SMEs. If trade procedures and regulatory requirements are not transparent and reliable, SMEs have difficulty in accessing information, which then demands the use of additional resources and time acquiring information not readily available. Further, a lack of available information reduces the capacity to predict the market behaviour. As additional expenses do not normally vary according to the value of goods or the volume of sales, operational costs per product increase. These costs may also comprise significant indirect costs related to foregone business opportunities which place SMEs in a weaker position [21]. However, the development of the Internet and e‐commerce and simplification of trade regulations can reduce informational and market access barriers faced by SMEs.
A more diversified export sector offers a wider range of products and destinations. A facilitated trading system can deliver positive benefits towards diversifying both export products and markets. Export diversification has two dimensions, product diversification and market diversification. TF generates significant benefits that create new trade flows [10]. This can be either by the introduction and supply of previously untraded products into the existing markets or by the expansion of trade in existing products to new markets which leads to trade expansion. Some studies have found that there is a significant positive relationship between TF and export diversification. Dennis and Shepherd [22] concluded that export costs, international transport costs and domestic market entry costs have a significant negative impact on export diversification. This underlines the importance of reducing TTCs to promote export diversification. Shepherd [10] also found that a 10% improvement in TF is associated with a 5–6% increase in the number of foreign markets served. Export volume increases as a result of export diversification which generates gains for both producers and consumers.
Improved TF enables governments to benefit from the increased tax revenue of the expansion of international trade. Most developing countries depend heavily on tax revenue to finance public expenditure. Thus, improved TF is likely to increase government revenue since the reduction in TTCs increases the volume of exports and imports. This offsets the large investment necessary to improve TF in a country. Further, improvement in TF in one country can lead to increased exports or imports of partner countries linked through external trade. Thus, bilateral government cooperation, as in the case of tariff reforms, is unnecessary since partner countries can still benefit from unilateral TF reforms.
Several studies have attempted to estimate the potential welfare gains that can be realised from improved TF (Table 1). Table 1 illustrates recent estimations of the benefits of TF. Most of these studies have used Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models and gravity models to estimate the effects of TF on trade flows and economic welfare. These estimates clearly indicate that there is a positive relationship between TF and trade flows. Even a slight improvement can generate considerable economic welfare and clearly benefits are much greater in developing countries.
StudyKey results
Effects on trade flowsEffects on welfare
Francois et al. [23] (CGE GTAP model)
Simulation: A partial reduction of TTCs related to TF
2.7 (% of GDP) increase in world export volume0.2 (% of GDP) increase in world income
Wilson and Otsuki [24] (Using indicator based measurements: Port efficiency, Customs, Regulations and Service sector infrastructure)
Simulation: South Asia increase its capacity half away to East Asia with respect to above indicators
Trade expected to rise by USD 2.6 billion
Decreux and Fontagne [25] (CGE model)
50% reduction in AVEs of time at the border
World trade increase by 1.9%
Dennis and Shepherd [20] (Gravity model)
10% reduction in costs of exporting, international transport and market entry
Export increase 3%
International transport increase 4%
Market entry increase 1%
Persson [5] (Gravity model)
1% reduction in number of days needed to export
Homogeneous goods increase by 0.3%
Differentiated goods increased by 0.6%
Zaki [6] (Gravity and CGE models)
25% reduction in AVEs of time to import and export
EU: 10.6%
US: 3.9
Japan: 2.1%
Africa: 4.7%
Asia: 5.2%
Middle East 3.1%
North Africa 2.9%
Table 1.
Impacts of Trade Facilitation on trade flows and welfare.
It is clear that TF can strengthen the global value chain, encourage SME participation in external trade and improve export diversification. This stimulates trade, generating employment and increasing government revenue through taxation. Eventually, producers and consumers are better off, producing a positive welfare impact on the economy fostering economic growth and development. This process is also favourable to reduce poverty in two ways. Firstly, TF stimulates trade and expands entrepreneurial activities. Secondly, an increase of tax revenues due to economic growth generates financial resources for the government to develop and implement specific measures to alleviate poverty and reduce social inequalities.
3. Analysis of the impact of Trade Facilitation on economic development in South Asia
3.1. Methodology
In this section, trade and economic development issues in South Asia are reviewed briefly and analysed the impact of TF on trade growth and economic development. A desk research was conducted to meet this objective and assess the relationship between TF, trade growth and economic development based on statistics collected from online databases and existing available quantitative estimations, confined to the South Asian region. The following TF and development indicators are used for this analysis.
3.1.1. Trade Facilitation measures
There are various TF indicators which have been used to measure the effects of TF. The most common of these are 'Doing Business' (DB) indicators related to trading across borders, the World Bank's Logistics Performance Index (LPI), the Organisation for Economic Co‐Operation and Development's (OECD) TF indicators and the World economic forum's Enabling Trade Index (ETI) [1]. For the purpose of this analysis, the DB and the LPI were used to measure TF. Doing Business indicators
According to the 'Doing Business' report, there are 11 DB indicators, comprising mainly indicators for ease of doing business, which rank countries according to their relative performance, and the 'Distance to Frontier' which scores the best performing economy [1]. For the purpose of this analysis, we used DB related to trading across borders. These include time and costs to exports and imports. Time and costs (excluding tariffs) include costs for documentary compliance, border compliance and domestic transport within the overall process of exporting or importing a shipment of goods [26]. The Logistics Performance Index
The LPI was developed by the World Bank, based on online surveys of operators in charge of moving and trading goods. The LPI measures the logistics friendliness of


Blanche Sweet. American film actress in 1925
Blanche Sweet. American Actress. Silent movie star. 1920s fashion.
Blanche Sweet 1925
Blanche Sweet. American Actress. Silent movie star.
Blanche Sweet _PHONE_ was an American film actress whose career in the early days of silent films had already peaked. 1909 began her film career at the Biograph and quickly became one of the leading actresses in the films of D.W. Griffith. In 1911 she had the leading role as a young mother in The Last Drop of Water. Her most important main role was as Judith in the first feature-length film by Griffiths Judith Bethulien of 1914. In 1915 she left Biograph and went to the Famous Players-Lasky, where she appeared in films by Cecil B. DeMille and Marshall Neilan. The contemporary film critics held because of their versatility for one of the most outstanding actresses of the entire silent era. Towards the end of the silent era waned her popularity and she only occurred in three sound films. In 1930 she retired from the film business altogether back. When she got no more appointments, she worked at all times in a department store in Los Angeles. In the late 1960s, she was, in particular by European film students, recognition as a pioneer of the American film received.


text:
Iglic, Hajdeja, Jesper Rözer, and Beate Volker (2020). Economic crisis and social capital in European societies: the role of politics in understanding short-term changes in social capital. European Societies.
summary: How did the economic crisis impact social capital in European societies? The empirical studies conducted so far provide contradictory conclusions about the strength and direction of its influence. We argue that to better understand the effects of the economic crisis on social capital (social trust, formal and informal networks) it is crucial to examine both its impact on people's economic situation and the way it reshaped the relationship between individuals and political institutions and altered key political factors (political trust, the welfare state, political activism). Our analysis of European Social Survey data between 2006 and 2012 shows that changes in social trust were smaller than in formal and informal social networks. It also confirms that political factors played an important mediating role in producing these changes: changes in social trust and formal networks can especially be explained by the impact of the political factors, while variations in informal networks are mainly due to the changing economy. Moreover, the analyses show that while the economic crisis generally lowered social capital, some mechanisms such as a sense of togetherness and left-wing political activism, enhanced social capital.


text:
Проблемы сущности права на современном этапе.
Калинин, Сергей Артурович
MetadataShow full item record
The problems of the essence of law determined by the globalization process are analyzed in this article. The author puts a hypothesis that present globalization processes determine changes in the essence and content of law as well as it's features. That determines the futurology problems in law, when the law appears as one of the elements of a certain world model. The author analyses the main theories of the essence of law (law as a measure of justice, freedom etc.) and moreover the main law interpretation concepts (philosophic, normative, sociological, law as integrity), the main conclusion is they are interconnected as every project emphasizes only a one side of the law being. The hypothesis is checked by the analysis of the widely used law features and law conceptions and it's critique from the point of contemporary globalization processes. It affords to make a conclusion that some features change it's content but law saves its essence as a method of the most significant social relations regulation thus ignoring changing of law values.
- Articles / Straipsniai


Documentation Center
 - Trial Software
 - Product Updates
root object
The root is a graphics object that corresponds to the computer screen. There is only one root object and it has no parent. The children of the root object are figures.
The root object exists when you start MATLAB®; you never have to create it and you cannot destroy it. Use set and get to access the root properties.
Object Hierarchy
See Also
| | | | | | |
Was this topic helpful?


text:
1. Who is curator of the museum?
2. Where is the Museum located?
3. How is the museum alarm set off?
4. What is the last name of Jacques who dies in the beginning of the book?
5. Robert Langdon is awakened while sleeping where?
6. What is the albino's name?
7. What item does Silas take out of his dresser at the brownstone?
8. What is the person Silas works for referred to as?
9. Silas has received information about the location of something called what?
This section contains 4,003 words
(approx. 14 pages at 300 words per page)


Three years ago, San Marcos CISD trustees ended the district's random drug testing for student athletes and other extracurricular participants, saying it didn't seem necessary after only five students tested positive for illegal drug use in five years.
Fast facts
Starting again this school year, San Marcos High School students who participate in organized sports or other UIL competitions must agree to random drug screenings in order to participate. Here's the bottom line for students and parents:
What will they test for?
The tests will detect amphetamines and methamphetamine; barbiturates; marijuana; cocaine; hallucinogens such as LSD; opiates such as heroine; and phencyclidines such as PCP and angel dust.
Athletic director and new Rattler head football coach Mark Soto said the program will not test for steroids at the onset but that steroids or other performance enhancing drugs could be added later if the school board wants to pay additional costs.
What happens if I test positive?
First positive:
- Parents or guardians are notified and a conference is scheduled with school administrators and/or coaches. Student is notified of right to appeal result.
- Student is enrolled in the Rattler Respect counseling program, which can last up to 10 days.
- Student is suspended from competing in his sport or other competition for 45 days. She will still be required to practice and participate with the team but won't be allowed to take the field.
- Student is automatically tested each of the eight next random drug screening days.
Second positive:
- Student is expelled from extracurricular activities for the remainder of his high school careers.
But after "recent incidences with students involving the use of drugs and alcohol," as a memo to trustees said, board members voted unanimously this week to reinstate the program starting with the upcoming academic year.
They were urged to do so by Superintendent Mark Eads and athletic director Mark Soto, who said the precious few positive results turned up when students were last subjected to random screenings is a sign the program was effective in deterring drug use, not that it wasn't needed.
"It's important to this community along with other communities in the area. There's a prevalence of drugs in this area," Soto told board members during a regular meeting on Monday evening. "I think kids need to understand that this is not right. It's not okay to try. It's not okay to sample. We're trying to hold these kids to a higher level. We're trying to make them be more productive in society."
Board members adopted the drug testing requirement 5-0 with trustees Lupe Costilla and David Castillo absent.
Under the new policy, San Marcos High School students who participate in University Interscholastic League athletic or academic competitions — from athletics to One Act Play, drill team to debate — will be required to provide an urine sample on demand if their name is drawn on one of eight unannounced testing dates each school year.
A student who tests positive for any of tested drugs will be suspended for 45 days from competing in his sport or other activity during which time he will be required to complete a 10-day remediation program being called Rattler Respect. A student who tests positive a second time will be suspended from extracurricular activity for the remainder of her high school career.
"Some people may say that's harsh but it's setting a high standard. The standard is: 'If you use drugs, you can't play with us'," Eads said.
The tests will detect amphetamines and methamphetamine; barbiturates; marijuana; cocaine; hallucinogens such as LSD; opiates such as heroine; and phencyclidines such as PCP and angel dust. Soto said the program will not test for steroids but that steroids or other performance enhancing drugs could be added later if the board wants to pay for it.
School district staff is budgeting $13,000 to pay contractor Pinnacle Medical Management to randomly select 30 students — 15 women and 15 men — every month to be screened. In addition to the random pool, "there will be some individuals we can take the liberty of adding to the random list if we're suspicious," Eads said.
Between 2004 and 2009, San Marcos CISD randomly tested 60 students a month — 30 from the high school and 15 each from Goodnight and Miller middle schools. During those five years, 1,200 tests triggered initial positives but the vast majority of those instances — all but five — turned out to be because of prescription medication or other medical issues, the San Marcos Daily Record reported in 2010.
Based on scant evidence of illegal drug use among students yielded by the testing program, trustee Kathy Hansen, then the school board president, called the decision to end testing "a no-brainer" but said she was opened to bringing it back if officials decided it was worthwhile.
"If we start having problems we would certainly look at it again. I just don't think it's that serious a problem at the high school or we would have had a lot more positives," Hansen told the newspaper.
This time around, students and their parents will have a form they can use to disclose prescription or medical issues that could prompt a false positive. Even if the program identifies a relative few drug users to school officials, drug testing should be district policy from here on out, Eads said.
"Our goal is that we never get a positive test," Eads said. "And if we don't after a while have any true positives, that doesn't mean we should do away with it in a year or two. That means it's working."
Email Email | Print Print
12 thoughts on "San Marcos CISD to restart random drug tests for student athletes, others
 1. If testing is a deterrent to a child with a problem, it is a deterrent to participation. Yet participation is an answer to those kids with problems, so I don't want to deter participation.
 Plus, throwing in UIL academic should make this unconstitutional. The supreme court opinion upholding random testing of kids relied upon the fact that student athletes showered together to mean they had less of an expectation of privacy. The debate team shouldn't be showering together, so they should still have an expectation of privacy (and respect).
 2. What about alcohol, which typically leaves the body very quickly? A student could get wasted every Friday night but be "clean" in time for Monday morning drug tests. They don't seem to be testing for alcohol, but if things are the same as they were when I went to SMHS, that's what most of the kids are doing on the weekends – especially the "popular" athletes. And there are other drugs that can also be metabolized and leave the body very quickly, like cocaine.
 I wonder how effective this truly is at both catching and deterring drug use. Perhaps the low rate of positives previously seen was a result of more kids drinking alcohol than doing meth or PCP.
 3. How about we leave the moral policing/socialization with the parents where it belongs? Now if some kid does something AT SCHOOL deal with it according to the established disciplinary rules, sure. But do we really want our school systems getting involved with whether or not a debater or point guard smokes pot on their own time over the weekend? How is this the school's responsibility?
 4. Implementing random drug testing will virtually wipe out the SMHS basketball and football teams (as last seasons issues with drug use did to the basketball team). As the football team is already predicted to fail again this season, why not invest the money instead into life-long-valuable programs dealing with character, goal setting, self-esteem, etc.? (Have any of you heard of the program "Above the Influence"?) It IS possible to make it through SMHS without joining the drug/alcohol culture so prevalent throughout this town, but it's difficult. I am thrilled that the school board is finally facing the facts of rampant drug use at the junior/senior high school levels.
 5. When a child is forced into government schools to learn the government mandated curriculum, a safe environment should be a minimum expectation. The alcohol and drug use is not just happening on the weekends, but during school, school functions and school trips: teachers drinking alcohol in soda cups during school trips, kids smoking weed in hotel rooms during school trips, kids smoking weed on campus are just a few examples. The parents of a couple of teen boys who were involved in the recent death of one of those boys probably wish random testing had never gone away. What are the stats on the relationship of drug use to drop outs?? Drug use is not done in a vacuum.
 6. Does the Explorers club still exist at SMHS? When I was a student there, it was widely known that the students in the Explorders club drank heavily on all the overnight camping trips. But, again, these drug tests won't catch alcohol use.
 I don't think these tests will deter drug use as much as they'll prompt students to drink instead because they know the alcohol will leave their systems in time to produce "clean" drug tests. Alcohol is also much easier and cheaper to get than illegal drugs: raid mom and dad's cabinets, have an older sibling or friend purchase, wait outside H-E-B and give a college kid a few bucks to purchase, go to parties at the college apartment complexes, etc. I knew people who did all of those things while I was a student at SMHS, and the majority of them were athletes and/or students in AP classes.
 7. Unless I missed something, our judicial system is (was) based on a theory of being innocent until proven guilty. Random drug testing, be it of


text:
Green woodworking may bring to mind reclaimed lumber, eco-friendly tools, or non-petroleum based finished. That's not quite the right idea, though. Green wood working is an art, specifically one that uses wood that isn't dry or seasoned. It's a common technique for building chairs, such as ladder-back or Windsor chairs and stools. Carving and basketmaking also utilize this technique. All products are made without the use of power. Here are some of the basics of this wood art.
Hand Tools for Green Woodworking
Instead of using high powered wood cutting tools, the sections of logs used in green woodworking are usually split with an ax. Some of the tools used include a froe, drawknives, and spokeshaves. Adzes, travishers, and inshaves are used to contour the wood. A pole lathe, powered by a foot pedal is used to turn spindles.
A Froe or Frow
Is a tool that splits wood along the grain. This l-shaped tool is used with a hammer. An edge of the blade is hammered into the end of a piece of green wood. Since it is put in the direction of the grain, the wood splits clean when the blade is twisted.
An Adz or Adze
Is used to smooth out a piece of wood. It's used in a rather unique fashion, though. While straddling the piece of wood, the adz is swung downwards. It chips off pieces of wood, leaving a fairly smooth surface on the wood.
Is also known as a chair maker's, bottomer's shave, or a spoke shave. It's slight curve runs from end to end and it's most often used on Windsor seats.
A Pole Lathe
Is a rather unique tool. The treadle is pressed with your foot and it pulls a cord that is wrapped around the piece of wood stock. Some woodturners use a hand treade which is more difficult to use as only one hand is available to hold the chisel. The other end of the cord is attached to the end of a long pole. The work rotates one way and then the other way, allowing for turning in two directions. It does take a bit of experience to use this lathe properly.
When done properly, green woodworking is very eco-friendly. Traditional woodworking requires a lot of energy and non-renewable resources. Using a fresh log to create a beautiful piece of finished furniture is almost spiritual in nature. It's difficult to reach this level of peace when you're working with an electric planer buzzing in your ear. Since many of the green techniques use hand tools, the savings on energy is substantial, as well.
Learning the Craft
You may find it's difficult to find an instructional program for this particular type of woodworking. There are courses available in some formal schools and by individuals. Most of these courses will focus on chair making or green woodturning. A quick search of the internet will provide you with some tips for learning this very impressive woodworking technique.
We really hoped you have enjoyed this information; please see below for more related, wood working info on:
Woodturning Tools - Which Ones Are Best
Woodcarving Hand Tools
Find woodcarving tools
Take a Peak at the Drawknife
The Adze is a Green Tool too
Return to Woodworking from Green Woodworking

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Like all vascular plants, trees use two
for transportation of and nutrients: the (also known as the ) and the (the innermost layer of the ). Girdling results in the removal of the, and death occurs from the inability of the to transport (primarily ) to the. In this process, the is left untouched, and the tree can usually still temporarily transport and minerals from the roots to the leaves. Trees normally sprout shoots below the wound; if not, the roots die. Death occurs when the roots can no longer produce and transport nutrients upwards through the. (The formation of new shoots below the wound can be prevented by painting the wound with herbicide.
Ring barking techniques have been developed to disrupt or impede sugar transport in phloem, stimulating early flower production and increasing fruiting, and for controlling plant size, reducing the need for pruning. Girdling is a slow process compared to and is often used only when necessary, such as in the removal of an individual tree from an ecologically protected area without damaging surrounding growth. Accidental girdling is also possible and some activities must be performed with care. Saplings which are tied to a supporting stake may be girdled as they grow, due to friction caused by contact with the tie.
If ropes are tied frequently to a tree (e. g. to tether an animal or moor a boat), the friction of the rope can also lead to the removal of bark. The practice of girdling has been known in Europe for some time. Another example is the girdling of selective trees in some Northern, such as, in order to prevent that fir from massive invasion of the mixed oak woodland. Girdling can be used to create standing dead wood, or. This can provide a valuable habitat for a variety of wildlife, including insects and nesting birds. The tree\'s roots gather water and nutrients from soil.
The water and nutrients are carried up the tree through a series of tiny, tubelike structures called xylem. The xylem transports the water and nutrients to the tree\'s canopy, where they are used by leaves during photosynthesis to manufacture sugars that are food for the tree. The sugars are in the form of sap. The phloem, a layer of cells next to the outer bark, transports the nutrient-rich sap downward to all parts of the tree. The tree uses the sap to grow new limbs, produce flowers and set fruit or seeds. In a pine tree, the sap feeds the tree as it develops pine cones and grows taller and stronger.


text:
Kabir (1440 - 1518) (also known as Kabira) was an Indian mystic who preached an ideal of seeing all of humanity as one. He was known to be a weaver and later became famed for scorning religious affiliation, seen as a threat to the elite. His philosophies and ideas of loving devotion to God are expressed in metaphor and language from both the Hindu Vedanta and Bhakti streams and Muslim Sufi ideals. Kabir is also considered one of the early northern India Sants. He was initiated by Ramananda..
Search Quotations Book


text:
How Monitoring Skype in the Workplace Can Improve Employee Efficiency
In work environments, regular ways of communications like social networking platforms, smartphones, and chatting platforms are frowned upon. Only acceptable way to talk to each other is through a single approved medium, which in many workplaces happens to be Skype. However, some employees misuse this privilege as well and keep on talking to their colleagues or even their friends and family through the VoIP and chat platform. People like these waste their own time and the time of the person they are talking to. When people aren't focused on the assigned tasks, it affects the overall performance of the company, which just isn't acceptable. You as an employer certainly shouldn't tolerate this in your company, which is why it is advised that you start monitoring their Skype usage as it'll help discourage them from wasting their time on it. Now the main question is that how can you keep tabs on your employees' Skype usage?
Monitoring Software is the Key
To resolve the issue of Skype abuse in the workplace, you'll need to get help from monitoring solutions like Mobistealth. Such tools enable you to read each and every message being sent and received over the communication platform, allowing you to identify time wasters. Once you have this information, you can do whatever you want with it. You can either use it to penalize the person responsible, or you can ignore it completely, depending on the situation and the extent of time wastage. The thing that is most important is that you do not stay in the dark about what's happening right under your nose.
How Monitoring Skype Can Raise Efficiency
Now that we are done with the first part, which was how to monitor Skype, now the question arises how reading other people's Skype chats helps in getting your employees to perform better? Well, the answer is pretty simple. Once you know which one of your employees are messaging excessively on Skype, you just have to punish them in one way or another. It doesn't have to be too harsh. It can be a warning as well, but you do have to let them know that you're watching. Once the thought of you watching their activity goes into their head, they will start focusing on their work. Some of them will to do it because they don't want to lose their job, whereas others will start working harder, hoping that they will get rewarded for their hard work. Both cases create win-win scenarios for you both as they help raise the overall efficiency of employees on one hand, whereas on the other hand, it boosts the overall performance of business


text:
Breakthrough in supply chain packaging management
Trading Labels of Warrington in Lancashire has developed Webnosys, an integrated information portal which links brand owners, their product suppliers and packaging/printing suppliers.The software developer says it will transform the packaging supply chain because partners can share secure information anywhere in the world, at any time and at any stage of a product's life cycle. It is proving particularly effective in sourcing from overseas markets.
"Webnosys tells all those involved in the supply chain exactly what is happening at any given time," says managing director Steve Pemberton. "It manages the whole life cycle of an item of packaging. Reducing waste is achieved as much in terms of saving time, sourcing and manufacturing more effectively as it is in eliminating wasted product."
Originally a niche product for the labels market, Webnosys can now manage various packaging formats for use across all in-store consumables. This means it can build and manage a label specification to a consistent format, while storing a visual reference of the label linked to the specification. Users can group specifications and manage a range of products from concept to launch, standardizing to a control timeline and sequence where necessary. They can also tender a range of electronic labels to a set list of potential printers, collate the returns and rank bids for evaluation. Another trick is to collate and store inventory levels at various points in the supply chain, allowing data to be collected electronically from a common MIS without re-keying data. Brand owners can publish the sales rate of an item alongside its inventory and generate data relating to customer demand. They can also upload cutter profiles from a converter and pass them to a design/artwork studio.
To meet security concerns, the primary database is held locally and web access acts as a window into the data. Each partner can access only their own data. Uploads made using the web are verified before their return to the database to protect data integrity, although users can share valuable information for the benefit of those who need it. Webnosys is supplied either as a fully managed service or as an application hosted on a brand owner's computer system. An unnamed major UK retailer is already using the system for its own-label operation.


text:
Help us make ponds for endangered freshwater plants and animals!
Help us make ponds for endangered freshwater plants and animals. So far we have created over 1000 ponds with a grant from Biffa Award. Please help us continue our workand donate to support the creation of new clean water ponds for wildlfie.
What is the Million Ponds Project?
The Million Ponds Project will create an extensive network of new ponds across the UK. Ultimately the aim is to reverse a century of pond loss, ensuring that once again the UK has over one million countryside ponds.
A critical element of the project is that these new ponds will have clean water. This is important because most countryside ponds are now badly damaged by pollution, and evidence shows that pond wildlife is declining across the UK. Making clean new ponds is one of the simplest and most effective ways to protect freshwater wildlife.
The Milliond Ponds Project is a collaboration of partners, including major landowners and land managers, led and coordinated by Pond Conservation.
Find more information on why clean water ponds are important, and how to make them in the Pond Creation Toolkit.
The first phase of the Million Ponds Project
Phase 1 of the Million Ponds Project ran from 2008 to 2012. During that time the project:
- funded new ponds and pond complexes for threatened freshwater plants and animals
- provided technical and on the ground support for pond creation
- engaged with and trained a wide range of stakeholders
- published best practice information in the extensive Pond Creation Toolkit, including the BAP species map.
- raised the profile of ponds with policy makers and the media
With the financial support from Biffa Award, the project team worked with landowners and managers to create over 1000 ponds for around half of the 105 rare and declining pond species that are a national priority for conservation action under the UK Government's Biodiversity Action Plan.
You can see the achievements of Phase I of the Million ponds Project by dowloading the Year 4 report here of if you would like a printed copy posted to you please contact the Pond Conservation office.
Phass II of the Million Ponds Project
In September 2012 Pond Conservation and Biffa Award hosted an evening at the House of lords to celebrate the success of Phase I of the project and to launch Phase II - continuing this partnership initiative to create clean water ponds in the landscape.
Read more about Phase II here.
Help and advice
We have provided help and advice for pond creation here.
Everybody can join in and contribute to the Million Ponds Project: register the ponds you've created here.
Make a donation
You can help create ponds for rare and threatened pond plants and animals by donating to the Million Ponds Project. The funds raised will be used to match fund practical pond creation projects - so help freshwater wildlife by donating to the Million Ponds Project here.
If you have any enquiries about the Million Ponds Project or any other aspect of the conservation of ponds, email _EMAIL_


text:
to 1500kW.
To determine the correct boiler size for your needs, you will need to answer the following questions:
- What is the square footage of your commercial space?
- How many people will be using your commercial space?
- How much hot water do you need?
- What is the climate in your area?
Once you have answered these questions, you can use Ideal Heat Solutions' boiler sizing calculator to determine the correct boiler size for your needs.
Here are some examples of boiler sizes for different commercial spaces:
- A small cafe with 100 square feet and 10 people: A 250kW boiler would be sufficient.
- A medium-sized restaurant with 500 square feet and 50 people: A 500kW boiler would be sufficient.
- A large hotel with 1000 square feet and 100 people: A 1000kW boiler would be sufficient.
It is important to note that these are just examples, and the actual boiler size that you need will depend on your specific needs. If you are unsure which boiler size to get, it is best to consult with a qualified HVAC contractor. They can assess your needs and recommend the best boiler size for your commercial space.


text:
The perforation often provides a vital connection to the reservoir for the effective initiation and propagation of a Hydraulic Frac. Applied "pre-frac" in tight plays, TriStim facilitates a significant reduction in Hydraulic Fracture initiation pressure, as well as significantly improving fracture placement control. Such benefits mean reductions in horsepower, manpower, water & chemicals, leading to increased NPV and the potential to access stranded resources that would otherwise not be exploited.
Complexities in Hydraulic Fracturing
A principal factor influencing the effectiveness and ability to frac are largely governed by the relative stresses surrounding the wellbore, extending into the reservoir beyond.
Orientation to the principal stresses of the field can have a significant influence on mitigating some of these effects, however, for a number of technical reasons this design objective is not always achievable.
Damage related heightened stresses surrounding the perforation tunnel, also have a substantial influence on both the initiation pressure and the resulting tortuosity of the hydraulic fracture treatment as it propagates away from the well-bore.
TriStim and Fracking
TriStim's unique approach means that the perforations are less damaged enabling each collective bank of perforations to be in complete hydraulic communication with each other. This means that more fluid can be transported directly to the fracture initiation point resulting in lower treatment pressures and reduced risk of early screen-out. Better hydraulic communication also means increased Frack Treatment Potential.
The overarching benefit of perforating with TriStim is a less damaged perforation which leads to a reduction in initiation pressure. The resulting low tortuosity fracture, will provide a more conductive connection to the reservoir, resulting in a higher productivity fracture network.
How does TriStim achieve this?
Through the development test programme, TriStim has shown to deliver a perforation tunnel significantly reduced damage to that of a conventional system. Resulting directly from the benefits of convergent shockwaves, analysis has shown crushed zone removal through large areas of the combined perforation geometry, as well as providing evidence of unique "tip-fracture" effects around the convergent point of the TriStim tunnel.
Removal of such damage is strong evidence that the desired reduction in initiation pressure over a conventional perforated approach will be achieved.
Benefits for unconventional wells
Reducing the fracture initiation pressure means savings in horsepower, manpower, water, chemicals, equipment and logistics. Once again the knock-on effects can be major. For example:
- Savings in well construction costs due to lower fracture pressure and the potential to perform more fracs per well, opening access to previously stranded resources.
- Savings in water offsetting transportation bottlenecks and other causes of shortage.
- Savings in chemicals, water and other materials, plus reduced logistics requirements, adding up to reduced environmental footprint and a good PR story.
Fracking High Angle Wells
TriStim also delivers benefits when tracking high angle wells. Normal perforations tend to act in isolation which reduces the number of effective perforations active during fracture. This can cause increased fracture initiation tortuosity. However, because they are less damaged, TriStim perforations have the potential to develop greater hydraulic connections between each bank of perforations delivering a more successful fracture.
TriStim case studies
Case studies of recent deployments are being added as data becomes available.


text: How can one ensure the measured magnetic signal is not coming from impurities in vdW crystals? More specifically magnetic Fe, Co, Ni impurity atoms or their oxides commonly appear in vdW crystals in no care is taken. Our magnetic crystals are grown slowly using top-notch flux zone growth technique for highest quality crystallization. This method does not use any transporting agent and does not contaminate the crystal these impurities. Special care is given to using highest purity precursors that are free of magnetic transition metal series and their oxides. This allows us to synthesize 99.9995% or higher purity magnetic vdW crystals and access their magnetic behavior without any concern over magnetic impurity contribution.


text:
Historical Dictionary of Japanese Cinema
- 3 September 2012
Historical Dictionary of Japanese Cinema, the new book by Jasper Sharp
The cinema of Japan predates that of Russia, China, and India, and it has been able to sustain itself without outside assistance for over a century. Japanese cinema's long history of production and considerable output has seen films made in a variety of genres, including melodramas, romances, gangster movies, samurai movies, musicals, horror films, and monster films. It has also produced some of the most famous names in the history of cinema: Akira Kurosawa, Hayao Miyazaki, Beat Takeshi, Toshiro Mifune, Godzilla, The Ring, Akira, Rashomon, and Seven Samurai.
Published by Scarecrow Press, The Historical Dictionary of Japanese Cinema is an introduction to and overview of the long history of Japanese cinema. It aims to provide an entry point for those with little or no familiarity with the subject, while it is organized so that scholars in the field will also be able to use it to find specific information. This is done through a detailed chronology, an introductory essay, and appendices of films, film studios, directors, and performers.
The cross-referenced dictionary entries cover key films, genres, studios, directors, performers, and other individuals. This book is an excellent access point for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Japanese cinema.
564 pages, ISBN-10: _PHONE_, £59.95
More details on the Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group website.
The Historical Dictionary of Japanese Cinema is named Library Journal's Best Reference Book for 2011!
"Japanese film authority Sharp (Behind the Pink Curtain: The Complete History of Japanese Sex Cinema) opens this landmark reference with an extensive chronology, noting the political and economic events that facilitated the development and expansion of Japan's film culture… A nearly 100-page, by-theme bibliography is a treasure trove of research leads. To date, the most comprehensive English guide; its depth and breadth make it vital for film-studies collections."
"There's no doubt he delivers in ways that internet searches don't... it would take many shots in the internet dark to piece together any one of these entries, let alone over 500 pages of them… leaves most previous synoptic histories standing, not only because it's more up-to-date but also because it ranges into pop-genre, anime and indie areas which its predecessors have chosen to shun."
—Tony Rayns, Sight and Sound, July 2012
"A chunky hardback on long-lasting paper, and with a spine that stands up to heavy punishment, this robust tome from Scarecrow Press has contents to match, designed to ensure that absolutely nobody has any excuse. Japanese film doesn't have to be mysterious, and all the firm grounding you need is right here…
it's not just about the anime people. In fact, while it's salutary to see them there, the anime people are not what makes this book valuable to the anime scholar. It's everything else – the clear, concise histories of major film studios; the run-downs of important film legislation; the blunt statements of censorship facts; the bios of major actors and producers, all of which build up a picture of the Japanese film world as a whole…If you expect to earn some kind of capital from writing about Japanese film – be it hard cash or a tutor's praises, then you should pester your library to put this book on their film shelves."
—Jonathan Clements, Manga UK
"Jasper Sharp has worked assiduously in an unyielding format and you would have to be very well-read not to mine new information from this resource."
—Roger Macy, Japan Society


text:
Runtime Verification audits Blockswap's Stakehouse protocol
Runtime Verification is thrilled to announce Blockswap's Stakehouse protocol audit completion. Stakehouse is a programmable staking layer allowing users to register a consensus layer validator and mint tokens representing the validator's balance. The user's initial stake is minted partly as dETH, with more being minted when the validator earns rewards, and partly as SLOT, which represent management rights of the validator and carry risk of being slashed if the validator is penalized.
The audit scope covers the Solidity source code of Blockswap labs — Stakehouse protocol smart contracts. Some of the main functionalities implemented in the contracts consist of:
- Registering a KNOT (a validator in the protocol).
- Reporting an increase in a KNOT's balance in the Beacon Chain due to validator rewards or a decrease due to penalties (and minting or slashing the corresponding tokens).
- Moving a KNOT between indices.
- Withdrawing or depositing dETH into the open index.
- Topping up SLOT that has been slashed by paying ETH.
- Recovering a KNOT's signing key.
- Rage-quitting a KNOT, enabling the staked ETH for withdrawal.
A detailed explanation of the different functionalities just mentioned can be found in Blockswap's documentation.
Due to limited time and the extensive list of contracts covered, the core contracts were prioritized during the audit process following discussions with the Blockswap team. A detailed list of all the audited contracts can be found in the report.
The audit only covered Solidity source code contracts and it excluded any deployment and upgrade scripts, off-chain codebase and client-side portions of the codebase, as well as the security of the cryptography underlying the Common Interest Protocol used to recover the signing key.
Runtime Verification conducted a combination of design review and manual code review for a period of 11 weeks, and published a detailed report on March 27th, 2022.
The first step consisted of using a Solidity-like pseudocode to build a high-level model of key parts of the protocol. This model was used to get a better understanding of the protocol and its behavior based on the documentation and other resources provided by the Blockswap team, and to make it easier to observe how different operations would modify the protocol's state and which properties should hold during the protocol's operation.
A manual code review was then performed to identify scenarios where the code didn't function in the way the model expected it to, as well as to look for common security vulnerabilities.
Working together with the Blockswap team, certain aspects of the protocol which were of particular concern were singled out, and a pen-and-paper analysis was carried out to identify issues and potential risks in implementation. Additionally, a series of changes were proposed that could lead to an improvement of the protocol's performance and security in certain areas.
Finally, various tools were run against the code to analyze certain parts of the protocol, aiming to either identify scenarios where desirable properties of the protocol were violated or develop confidence that these properties were maintained. When it was not practical to run these tools on the code itself, they were run on a modified version of the high-level model.
The audit identified and highlighted some issues along with a number of informative findings. The Blockswap team addressed all the issues and concerns raised during the audit and incorporated all the necessary changes in the smart contracts. Code changes were not part of the scope; however, the team conducted a lightweight best-effort review of a limited number of changes.
Users interested in a more detailed and technical explanation about the findings can go over the full report in our GitHub repository.
Blockswap is a permissionless web3 infrastructure layer for multichain composable ETH. This ETH is superfluid, doesn't require an intermediary, doesn't require a bridge, is capital efficient, and provides yield singularity with native blockchain cryptographic security. Multichain composable ETH is a new primitive for interoperability between blockchains, L2/rollups, and end users. Blockswap's protocols introduce the new standard of tooling to build multichain and yield capturing protocols.
About Runtime Verification
Runtime Verification is a technology startup based in Champaign-Urbana, Illinois. The company uses formal methods to perform security audits on virtual machines and smart contracts on public blockchains. It also provides software testing, verification services and products to improve the safety, reliability, and correctness of software systems in the blockchain field.


Node services
This document is intended as a very brief introduction to the current service components inside the node. Whilst not at all exhaustive it is hoped that this will give some context when writing applications and code that use these services, or which are operated upon by the internal components of Corda.
Services within the node
The node services represent the various sub functions of the Corda node. Some are directly accessible to contracts and flows through the ServiceHub, whilst others are the framework internals used to host the node functions. Any public service interfaces are defined in the package. The ServiceHub interface exposes functionality suitable for flows. The implementation code for all standard services lives in the package.
All the services are constructed in the AbstractNode start method. They may also register a shutdown handler during initialisation, which will be called in reverse order to the start registration sequence when the Node.stop is called.
The roles of the individual services are described below.
Key management and identity services
The InMemoryIdentityService implements the IdentityService interface and provides a store of remote mappings between PublicKey and remote Parties. It is automatically populated from the NetworkMapCache updates and is used when translating PublicKey exposed in transactions into fully populated Party identities. This service is also used in the default JSON mapping of parties in the web server, thus allowing the party names to be used to refer to other nodes' legal identities. In the future the Identity service will be made persistent and extended to allow anonymised session keys to be used in flows where the well-known PublicKey of nodes need to be hidden to non-involved parties.
PersistentKeyManagementService and E2ETestKeyManagementService
Typical usage of these services is to locate an appropriate PrivateKey to complete and sign a verified transaction as part of a flow. The normal node legal identifier keys are typically accessed via helper extension methods on the ServiceHub, but these ultimately delegate signing to internal PrivateKeys from the KeyManagementService. The KeyManagementService interface also allows other keys to be generated if anonymous keys are needed in a flow. Note that this interface works at the level of individual PublicKey and internally matched PrivateKey pairs, but the signing authority may be represented by a CompositeKey on the NodeInfo to allow key clustering and threshold schemes.
The PersistentKeyManagementService is a persistent implementation of the KeyManagementService interface that records the key pairs to a key-value storage table in the database. E2ETestKeyManagementService is a simple implementation of the KeyManagementService that is used to track our KeyPairs for use in unit testing when no database is available.
Messaging and network management services
The ArtemisMessagingServer service is run internally by the Corda node to host the ArtemisMQ messaging broker that is used for reliable node communications. Although the node can be configured to disable this and connect to a remote broker by setting the messagingServerAddress configuration to be the remote broker address. (The MockNode used during testing does not use this service, and has a simplified in-memory network layer instead.) This service is not exposed to any CorDapp code as it is an entirely internal infrastructural component. However, the developer may need to be aware of this component, because the ArtemisMessagingServer is responsible for configuring the network ports (based upon settings in node.conf) and the service configures the security settings of the ArtemisMQ middleware and acts to form bridges between node mailbox queues based upon connection details advertised by the NetworkMapCache. The ArtemisMQ broker is configured to use TLS1.2 with a custom TrustStore containing a Corda root certificate and a KeyStore with a certificate and key signed by a chain back to this root certificate. These keystores typically reside in the certificates sub folder of the node workspace. For the nodes to be able to connect to each other it is essential that the entire set of nodes are able to authenticate against each other and thus typically that they share a common root certificate. Also note that the address configuration defined for the server is the basis for the address advertised in the NetworkMapCache and thus must be externally connectable by all nodes in the network.
The P2PMessagingClient is the implementation of the MessagingService interface operating across the ArtemisMQ middleware layer. It typically connects to the local ArtemisMQ hosted within the ArtemisMessagingServer service. However, the messagingServerAddress configuration can be set to a remote broker address if required. The responsibilities of this service include managing the node's persistent mailbox, sending messages to remote peer nodes, acknowledging properly consumed messages and deduplicating any resent messages. The service also handles the incoming requests from new RPC client sessions and hands them to the CordaRPCOpsImpl to carry out the requests.
The InMemoryNetworkMapCache implements the NetworkMapCache interface and is responsible for tracking the identities and advertised services of authorised nodes provided by the remote NetworkMapService. Typical use is to search for nodes hosting specific advertised services e.g. a Notary service, or an Oracle service. Also, this service allows mapping of friendly names, or Party identities to the full NodeInfo which is used in the StateMachineManager to convert between the PublicKey, or Party based addressing used in the flows/contracts and the physical host and port information required for the physical ArtemisMQ messaging layer.
The DBCheckpointStorage service is used from within the StateMachineManager code to persist the progress of flows. Thus ensuring that if the program terminates the flow can be restarted from the same point and complete the flow. This service should not be used by any CorDapp components.
DBTransactionMappingStorage and InMemoryStateMachineRecordedTransactionMappingStorage
The DBTransactionMappingStorage is used within the StateMachineManager code to relate transactions and flows. This relationship is exposed in the eventing interface to the RPC clients, thus allowing them to track the end result of a flow and map to the actual transactions/states completed. Otherwise this service is unlikely to be accessed by any CorDapps. The InMemoryStateMachineRecordedTransactionMappingStorage service is available as a non-persistent implementation for unit tests with no database.
The DBTransactionStorage service is a persistent implementation of the TransactionStorage interface and allows flows read-only access to full transactions, plus transaction level event callbacks. Storage of new transactions must be made via the recordTransactions method on the ServiceHub, not via a direct call to this service, so that the various event notifications can occur.
The NodeAttachmentService provides an implementation of the AttachmentStorage interface exposed on the ServiceHub allowing transactions to add documents, copies of the contract code and binary data to transactions.
Flow framework and event scheduling services
The StateMachineManager is the service that runs the active flows of the node whether initiated by an RPC client, the web interface, a scheduled state activity, or triggered by receipt of a message from another node. The StateMachineManager wraps the flow code (extensions of the FlowLogic class) inside an instance of the FlowStateMachineImpl class, which is a Quasar Fiber. This allows the StateMachineManager to suspend flows at all key lifecycle points and persist their serialized state to the database via the DBCheckpointStorage service. This process uses the facilities of the Quasar Fibers library to manage this process and hence the requirement for the node to run the Quasar java instrumentation agent in its JVM.
In operation the StateMachineManager is typically running an active flow on its server thread until it encounters a blocking, or externally visible operation, such as sending a message, waiting for a message, or initiating a subFlow. The fiber is then suspended and its stack frames serialized to the database, thus ensuring that if the node is stopped, or crashes at this point the flow will restart with exactly the same action again. To further ensure consistency, every event which resumes a flow opens a database transaction, which is committed during this suspension process ensuring that the database modifications e.g. state commits stay in sync with the mutating changes of the flow. Having recorded the fiber state the StateMachineManager then carries out the network actions as required (internally one flow message exchanged may actually involve several physical session messages to authenticate and invoke registered flows on the remote nodes). The flow will stay suspended until the required message is returned and the scheduler will resume processing of other activated flows. On receipt of the expected response message from the network layer the StateMachineManager locates the appropriate flow, resuming it immediately after the blocking step with the received message. Thus from the perspective of the flow the code executes as a simple linear progression of processing, even if there were node restarts and possibly message resends (the messaging layer deduplicates messages based on an id that is part of the checkpoint).
The StateMachineManager service is not directly exposed to the flows, or contracts themselves.
The NodeSchedulerService implements the SchedulerService interface and monitors the Vault updates to track any new states that implement the SchedulableState interface and require automatic scheduled flow initiation. At the scheduled due time the NodeSchedulerService will create a new flow instance passing it a reference to the state that triggered the event. The flow can then begin whatever action is required. Note that the scheduled activity occurs in all nodes holding the state in their Vault, it may therefore be required for the flow to exit early if the current node is not the intended initiator.
The NodeVaultService implements the VaultService interface to allow access to the node's own set of unconsumed states. The service does this by tracking update notifications from the TransactionStorage service and processing relevant updates to delete consumed states and insert new states. The resulting update is then persisted to the database. The VaultService then exposes query and event notification APIs to flows and CorDapp services to allow them to respond to updates, or query for states meeting various conditions to begin the formation of new transactions consuming them. The equivalent services are also forwarded to RPC clients, so that they may show updating views of states held by the node.
NodeSchemaService and HibernateObserver
The HibernateObserver


Josephine Heap. Foto: Eva Dalin
Josephine Heap. Foto: Eva Dalin
Länk till abstract (DiVA)
Länk till avhandlingen (DiVA)
The aim of this thesis was to analyse coexisting disadvantages in the older Swedish population. Coexisting disadvantages are those that occur simultaneously in various life domains. A person who simultaneously experiences several disadvantages may be particularly vulnerable and less well-equipped to manage daily life and may also need support from several different welfare service providers. Concerted actions may be needed for older people who experience not only physical health problems and functional limitations, but also other problems. Research that encompasses a wide range of living conditions provides a basis for setting political priorities and making political decisions.
The studies in this thesis used data from two Swedish nationally representative surveys: the Level of Living Survey, which includes people aged 18 through 75, and the Swedish Panel Study of Living Conditions of the Oldest Old, which includes people aged 77 and older.
Study I showed that the probability of experiencing coexisting disadvantages was higher in people 77 and older than in those aged 18 through 76. These age differences were partly driven by a high prevalence of physical health problems in older people. In all age groups, coexisting disadvantages were more common in women than men.
The longitudinal analyses in Study II indicated that coexisting disadvantages in old age persist in some people but are temporary in others. Moreover, the results suggested a pattern of accumulating disadvantages: reporting one disadvantage in young old age (in particular, psychological health problems) increased the probability of reporting coexisting disadvantages in late old age.
Study III showed that physical health problems were a central component of coexisting disadvantages. The results also showed that being older; female; previously employed as a manual labourer; and divorced/separated, widowed or never married were associated with an increased probability of experiencing coexisting disadvantages. However, the experience of coexisting disadvantages differed: the groups associated with coexisting disadvantages tended to report different combinations of disadvantage.
Study IV showed that the prevalence of coexisting disadvantages in those 77 and older increased slightly between 1992 and 2011. Physical health problems became more common over time, whereas limited ability to manage daily ac-tivities (ADL limitations), limited financial resources and limited political resources became less common. Associations between different disadvantages were found in all survey years, but certain associations changed over time. The results suggest that in general, the composition of coexisting disadvantages in the older population may have altered over time.
In sum, results showed that coexisting disadvantages were associated with specific demographic and socio-economic groups. Physical health problems and psychological health problems were of particular importance to the accu-mulation and coexistence of disadvantages in old age.
Heap, J. (2016). Living conditions in old age. Coexisting disadvantages across life domains. Doctoral dissertation. Stockholm: Department of Social Work, Stockholm University.
Fulltext kappa


text:
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]چکیده [English]
ABA design code increases the reliability of a structure by means of multiplying the partial safety factors by load and resistant. In this paper, the reliability index of code-based designed structures are calculated and investigated. Also it is shown that the different values of reliability index are calculated for the different values of the coefficient of variation. This result expresses the importance of the code design collection on basis of reliability theory. In other words, the partial safety factors of design parameters for ABA must be calculated on basis of the local statistical data(in favor of Iran) of the parameters.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Can anyone point to an article or code samples anywhere on how to provide BOTH editing AND range selection in a TStringGrid?
Yes, I KNOW there are third-party grids that do this, but it's frustrating that the built-in grid lacks this basic capability.
It's pretty normal to expect to be able to both edit a cell in a grid, and also to select a range of cells such as for a Copy operation.
As delivered, TStringGrid doesn't do that. It's either/or. In fact, the docs tell us about the grid Options, "When goEditing is included in Options, goRangeSelect has no effect".
However, it looks like it may be possible to do editing and rangeselects in a TStringGrid anyway!!! Through careful use of the mousedown, mouseup, selectcell and exit events, you can get dang close by switching editing elements on and off at the right times. But I still don't have it perfect, and that only covers mouse use, not keyboard changes.
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
I have not used the TStringGrid for this, so I can't provide a specific answer. But am I right in assuming you can manually (in code) start a cell being edited? That link implies it is possible even if the grid doesn't have goEditing included in its Options. (See below to work around this if this is not true.)
If so, I'd suggest the following approach:
Combined selection and edit behaviour
I find this is a good, Windows-standard-behaviour sort of approach:
 - Leave the grid in selection mode, so mouse and keyboard interaction selects cells
 - Trigger a cell being edited yourself, based on certain criteria (I think you are on the way to doing this from what you said in your last paragraph.) There are common ways to trigger editing, and the following criteria are what my programs follow when they do something similar with other controls:
 - Selection is normal. Ie, click to select, click and drag to multi-select, use the keyboard arrows and Shift or Control to select, etc.
 - A cell enters edit mode when either:
 1. A cell is selected and the user presses Enter or F2 (F2 is the standard "Rename" or "Edit" shortcut, which works in a number of programs)
 2. The user "slow-double-clicks" on a cell - ie, slow-double-clicks to select and edit, or clicks again, after a pause, on an already-selected cell. This mimics Explorer's behaviour, where if a file is selected and you later click on it, it enters the inline edit/rename mode. To implement this, record when a cell was last clicked (and selected.) If it is clicked again, and if the time is greater than GetDoubleClickTime then they have clicked twice, slowly, and enter edit mode. This allows you to distinguish between the first click to select, a double-click (to perform some kind of action), and a slow second click, to enter edit mode.
 I also tend to check the mouse position, so that if an object is slow-double-clicked and it wasn't first selected (ie, this both selects the object and then enters edit mode) I verify the mouse hasn't moved very much. I use GetSystemMetrics to find the double-click distance, and check that the slow double click was within this box. (Because it's not a true doubleclick, I actually check the distance times 2. My action code is:
 const int iMAX_MOVE_AMOUNT = ::GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYDOUBLECLK) * 2; (sorry, C++ not Delphi, but should be convertable easily enough!)
 but I'm actually not certain if this is completely and utterly 100% to Windows guidelines. In practice users find it works as they expect, though.)
That should let you change between selecting and editing at the appropriate times with both the keyboard and the mouse.
Miscellaneous thoughts
You may find some of this is cleaner and easier to implement by subclassing TStringGrid and creating a new component. That will allow you to implement this in normal code and override the inbuilt behaviour (rather than event handlers) while keeping it invisible to the form code. It will also give you lower-level access to the mouse events or Windows messages than are exposed simply through events such as OnMouseDown. Finally, if there are problems with showing the editor when goEditing is included in Options, this will allow you to change that behaviour. You could also add your own events if you want your code to respond to certain things happening, such as creating an OnBeginEdit event, say.
Creating your own components is normally regarded as an advanced Delphi topic, but it's actually remarkably easy once you know how! This site has a few good topics that will introduce you to the subject in general, and if you go this route and encounter problems, Stack Overflow is of course a good place to ask questions :) The Embarcadero Delphi » VCL » Writing Components newsgroup / forum is also an excellent resource, in fact possibly even better than SO for this specific topic.
Hope that helps!
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


text:
A way to toughen up the latex particles used to make emulsion paints has been developed by UK chemists. The approach involves adding tiny slivers of clay armor to make the particles more hard wearing and fire resistant.
Until now, latex emulsion paints have been made by adding a soap-like surfactant molecule to allow the hydrophobic, or water-hating, polymer ingredients to mix with water. The surfactant stabilizes the paint mixture and allows decorators everywhere the chance to slap on a multitude of colors with a matt or satin finish to walls, ceilings, and other surfaces.
Now, chemist Stefan Bon and Patrick Colver of the University of Warwick have taken a different approach. They have found a simple way to individually coat the prospective paint's polymer particles with disks of Laponite clay just a few billionths of a meter in diameter. These nanodisks, just 1 nanometer thick and 25 nanometers in diameter, create an armored layer on the individual polymer latex particles in the paint. Because the Laponite clay has an ambivalent chemical nature, it can bond both to the hydrophobic particles but also sit comfortably in the "hydro", the water. So, not only does it provide particulate protection, it makes the surfactant additive redundant in emulsion paint.
The Lapointe clay disks can be applied using current industrial paint manufacturing equipment and treatment with ultrasound—sonication—say the researchers. Starting materials for the polymers are styrene, lauryl (meth)acrylate, butyl (meth)acrylate, octyl acrylate, and 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate.
The new clay armor is not only about improving home improvements. The team says the same technology can also be used to create highly sensitive materials for sensors. The researchers can take a closely packed sample of the armored polymers and heat it to burn away the polymer cores of the armored particles leaving just a network of nanoscopic interconnected hollow spheres. This gives a very large useful surface area in a very small space which is an ideal material to use in creating compact but highly sensitive sensors.
Bon, S., & Colver, P. (2007). Pickering Miniemulsion Polymerization Using Laponite Clay as a Stabilizer Langmuir, 23 (16), 8316-8322 DOI: 10.1021/la701150q


While humans have been writing for at least 5000 years, we have surprisingly little understanding of the physics underlying how ink moves from pen to paper. Now, physicists in South Korea and the US have worked out a theory – backed by experiment – that suggests the ink's flow rate depends on a tug-of-war that is played out between the capillary properties of pen and paper.
The team, led by Ho-Young Kim of Seoul National University, considered two scenarios: the blot and the line. With the pen stationary, the researchers identify four main factors that affect the flow of ink: the capillary pull of the pen; the capillary pull of the pores in the paper; the surface tension of the ink; and the viscosity of the ink. When it is moving, the speed of the pen is a fifth factor.
The team's theory defines a "minimal pen" as a simple capillary tube, not unlike the hollow reeds used by the Egyptians to make inscriptions on papyrus. The researchers approximate paper as an array of cylinders. Rough paper is modelled as narrow, closely packed pillars, while shorter, wider, more generously spaced pillars are used to approximate smoother paper. While paper is actually a much more complex matrix of cellulose fibres, the team argues that such arrays draw fluid through the same mechanisms that allow paper to draw ink from a pen.
Pulling power
The smaller cavities in paper have a greater capillary pull than the wider tube of the pen, but very small pores also restrict the flow of the ink. As long as the pores in the material are not wider than the opening in the minimal pen, rougher materials pull ink more quickly. This also explains why it is so difficult to write in pen on a piece of glass – without pores, the surface cannot draw ink. In contrast, wider pens have less capillary force, so they give up the ink more easily. As for the ink itself, higher surface tension allows it to wet the paper or pillar array more effectively, while higher viscosity slows it down. The team condensed these relationships, plus the time that the pen spends in contact with the paper, into scaling laws.
Kim's group confirmed the models by making the idealized pen and paper in the lab. The researchers etched silicon wafers into patterns of pillars 10–20 µm in diameter, height and spacing. Glass capillary tubes with diameters of 0.5–1 mm served as pens, filled with various concentrations of glycerine solution for mock ink. The team filmed the spread of ink blots and the drawing of lines, finding that the data matched their models.
After millennia of writing, you might think there would be nothing unexpected in these results, but Kim says that the shape of the ink in front of the moving pen was a surprise. "We showed that the actual shape is exactly parabolic – beautifully simple but nobody has predicted it," he explains. The reason for the parabola is that the pores in front of the moving pen draw the bulk of the ink, while the pores behind are already at full capacity.
Putting pen to paper
Testing their scaling laws with a real pen and paper, the researchers held a 0.1 mm-diameter nib against ordinary paper for 2 s. They predicted a blot radius of 3 mm, expecting a line width of 0.82 mm with the pen moving at 5 mm s–1. The actual line width was quite close, 0.7 mm, while the blot was not quite half the predicted size at 1.3 mm. The team explains the difference in terms of paper swelling. Unlike rigid silicon, cellulose fibres deform as they imbibe fluid, thereby increasing the size of the pores.
Laurent Courbin of the University of Rennes, France, describes the study as fun that strikes at the heart of physics. "The aim of a physicist is to identify interesting problems not yet understood and to make such problems understandable using the simplest possible theoretical models," he says. "When such investigations involve physical phenomena we experience in our everyday life, our work is even more rewarding!"
Although the team did not directly simulate the need for pocket protectors, Kim says that "ink stains on shirts from a pen in the pocket are very good examples of the ink blot that we treated". At last, the pragmatic have a rigorous proof for why the nerdy plastic lining is a good idea.
This research will be published in Physical Review Letters.


text:
Vegetable Broth - 500ml
This Vegetable broth contains different types of nutrients, such as vitamins, minerals and high in calcium. The subtle taste with a hint of sweetness makes this a comfort food and it provides an alternative nutritional source for kids that dislike vegetables
Ingredients: Vegetables, Red Dates and Filtered Water.
- Keep Frozen at or below -18°C.
- Do not refreeze after defrosting.
- Consume within 48 hours after defrosting.
- Pop into a pot, bring it to boil and top with other ingredients of your choice.


Same sex marriage pros and cons in philippines cards in Northamptonshire
One of the key elements of the ethos is that students should not look at their modules as being separate elements of a programme, but should embed them into their own approach, particularly once they graduate and move into the world of work. Same-Sex Marriage Pros and Cons. Pro 14 Legal marriage is a secular institution that should not be limited by religious objections to same-sex marriage.
She reflected on the fury she felt that the far right were abusing the histories of our armed services to justify a rise of racist attitudes. By Sylvia Smith. Whoever wins tomorrow, whether by a clear margin or not, one lasting impact they could have is on reforming the voting system, and bringing the UK into the 21 st century.
There is much to be commended in this book.
Давай same sex marriage pros and cons in philippines cards in Northamptonshire
Upon your research, you will find there is a wide range of choice in university providers offering the LLM. Almost a year later, and we have reports ofchildren being homeless over Christmas, suggesting that little has changed.
The Blue Belt marine programme is a continuation of an existing approach started in When it comes to mis-information, dis-information and fake news, sharing is most definitely NOT caring. Con 12 Marriage is a privilege, not a right.
Independent Reviewer of Terrorism Legislation David Anderson commented, that even individuals with single UK nationality could theoretically be subject to a DOCO; although in practice the legislative safeguard against statelessness would prevent this. Whilst the social and political debates for the role of religion in society will continue to be, it cannot be ignored or pushed aside the significance of appreciating fundamental principles of the way in which our fellow human beings choose to live their lives by; and for a significant proportion of the population of this world today religion is still that guiding word or their inner moral compass.
Using sports to provide positive experiences and support healthy development in young people, UNODC works to reduce anti-social behaviour by building important life skills that increase adaptive and positive behaviour among at-risk youth; and.
Although a majority of Australian citizens support same sex marriage our political members still remain unmoved. Nothing awesome here.
Same sex marriage pros and cons in philippines cards in Northamptonshire
Rated 5/5 based on 45 review
no same sex marriage bible verses in Elgin 1920 | 1921 | 1922 | 1923 | 1924 peter wray sex offender in Lancaster


text:
Secondary Schools Learning Zone
Birmingham Grid for Learning.
This web is used in the city's schools and contains learning activities for pupils in KS3 and KS4. These learning activities are all safe for young people to use and are approved by Birmingham teachers.
Go to the Secondary Learning Zone.
For students aged 11 to 16 the Secondary area is here to help you with your studies. Whether you need support with your GCSEs, help with revision or even career choices there is something here for everyone. If you need help with your Science 'Ask the Expert' or if you're feeling creative then check out the Music Centre and the Gallery!


text:
Home > Phrasal Verb Dictionary: Letter F
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P R S T W Z
music, sound, light, hope) When something fades away, it gradually
becomes weaker until it disappears; it fades. Die away
a moment the noise faded away, and only the sound of a light breeze,
and ringing, filled my ears.
(insep) (family, life, marriage, relationship,
house, car, business, deal) When something falls apart, it desintegrates
or falls to pieces.
- The building is falling apart.
- His marriage fell apart when he cheated
on his wife.
on [Fall back on somebody, fall back on something].- (insep) When you fall back on somebody or something, you turn
to them or use it when in difficulty or because no other choice is available;
- It's great to have a friend to fall
- People fall back on alternative
medicine when modern drugs don't work.
had no money to fall back on.
(insep) When you fall behind or something falls behind, it remains at the
same level or standard.
- Your schoolwork has fallen
- He fell behind with the rent
and was asked to leave the flat.
(insep) When you fall down, you fall
accidentallly or because something is in a poor state of repair.
fell down and hurt her knees.
- She tripped
and fell down
Fall for [Fall for somebody].-(insep)
When you fall for somebody, you fall in love with them.
fell for him in a big way.
- Why does he
always fall for the wrong women.
Fall for [Fall for something].- When you fall for something, you are tricked or deceived.
could you fall for such an old trick?
fell for his talk and bought the encyclopedia.
Fall off.- 1 (insep) (bike,
horse, button) When you fall off something, you separate from it and
- He fell off his bike and hurt himself.
2 (insep) (attendance,
interest, quality, profits) When something falls off, it decreases
or becomes less or fewer. Drop off
- Attendance has fallen
off this term.
(insep) (a situation, somebody) When
two people fall out, they quarrel or have an argument and stop being
- They've fallen out over some stupid misunderstanding.
- I don't like Bill - I fell out with him when he sold me a car that didn't work.
Fall over.- (insep) When you fall over, you fall to the ground.
- She slipped on the ice and fell over.
- He fell over and broke his leg.
- My daughter is learning to walk so she falls over quite a lot.
(insep) (idea, plan, project, arrangement,
scheme, proposal) When something falls through, it fails and it's abandoned.
- The deal fell through for reasons that are not clear.
- The sale fell through at the last minute.
- The employees decided not to work for him and his plan fell through.
with something [Be fed up with something / somebody].- (insep) When you are fed up with something or somebody, you are tired, depressed,
bored or no longer interested in them.
- Are you
as fed up with what's going on in Washington as I am? I've become increasingly
concerned about the current direction of our country.
Ferret out [Ferret something out].- (secret, the truth, details,
error, facts, information) When you ferret something out, you succeed
in finding some difficult or secret information. Dig out
managed to ferret out the secret.
Fight off [Fight something off].- (infection, cold, illness, attack,
enemy, competition) When you fight something off, you try to avoid
or get rid of it.
- I'm taking lots of vitamin C
to help me fight off this cold.
weakens your immune system, making it harder for your body to fight
Figure out [Figure something out].- When you figure something out, you manage to understand.
- Have you figured out what the problem is?
- I just can't figure her out.
for [Fill in for somebody].- (insep) When you fill in for somebody, you do their job temporarily
because they can't. Cover for, sit in for, stand
- Colleen was pleased that Gwen
Swick was able to fill in for her, as Gwen was an old friend and they
had worked together many times.
Fill in [Fill somebody in, fill somebody in on something].- (details) When you fill somebody in, or fill somebody in on something, you give them information.
- My assistant will fill you in on the details.
- For those who haven't see it, let me fill you in on some of the highlights.
Fill in [Fill something in].- (form,
cheque, name, coupon, space, questionnaire,hole) When you fill
something in, you complete it with the correct information.
gave me a form and told me to fill it in.
- You will be asked to fill in a questionnaire designed to measure your quality of life.
Fill up [Fill up, fill something up].- (glass, car, tank, bottle,
container, theater) When you fill something up or something fills up, it
- You should always switch off the
engine before you fill up with petrol.
filled up the kettle with water and made everyone a cup of tea.
Find out [Find out, find something out].- When you find something out, you discover or get
- What will she say when she finds
- When you lose everything you find
out who your real friends are.
(insep) When you fit in, you get on with a group of people or you feel
as if belonging to a group.
difficult for them to fit in with the way of life here.
Flake out.-
(insep, informal) When you flake out, you fall asleep.
- He flaked out on the sofa.
Flare up.- (insep) When you flare up, you become angry.
- He was an alcoholic and would flare up at anything.
Flick through [Flick through something].- (insep) (magazine, book,
album, article, channels, cards) When you flick through something,
you read or look quickly at the pages of a magazine or book. It also
means to change repeatedly from one station or channel to another. Flip through, glance over, leaf through
flicked through the channels on the TV, hoping for some news.
- I was flicking through the channels when I saw her on the telly. I couldn't believe it.
Flip through [Flip through something].- (insep) The same as flick through.
Flush out [Flush somebody out].- (rebels, resistance, militants,
guerrillas, criminals) When you flush somebody out, you force them
to leave a place.
- The Angolan armed forces have recently flushed out the rebels from the area.
- In the port of Umm Qasr, to the south, royal marines have been flashing out the last pockets of resistance.
Fob off [Fob somebody off].- (patient, creditor) When you fob somebody
off, you stop somebody complaining by giving them silly answers.
keep ringing them and complaining but they just fob me off! They couldnt
Fob off [Fob something off].- (responsibility) When you fob something off, you manage to make somebody
accept something faulty, worthless or difficult to deal with.
try to fob off your responsibility on others!
- I don't want to be fobbed off with excuses, I want to know who is responsible for this problem!
out [Freak out, freak somebody out].- When you freak out, you react in an anxious,
excited and wild manner to something.
- My parents would
freak out if I talked to them about this.
freak out and do something stupid every time something bad happens.
Frighten away [Frighten something away].- When you frighten somebody or an animal away,
you make them leave using fear. Scare away, scare off
- They feel a refinery
would frighten away tourists and potential tourism investors.
Frighten off.- the same as frighten away.
Fuck about.- (taboo, slang) When you fuck around, you behave
in a stupid way which annoys people.
- After a ridiculous
amount of fucking about and watching crap on TV, I eventually persuaded
them to leave.
Fuck around.- The same as fuck about.
Fuck off.- (taboo) (insep) When you tell somebody to fuck off, you tell
them in a very offensive way to leave you alone. Bugger off, sod off, piss off
started yelling at me again and then told me to fuck off.
Fuck up [Fuck something up].- When you fuck something up, you make of mess of it. Balls up, cock up, mess up
- Every time we win, we go and fuck up the next match with a stupid result.


ITK Definition / ITK Means
The exact definition of ITK is "In The Know".
What is ITK?
ITK is "In The Know".
The Meaning of ITK
ITK means "In The Know".
What does ITK mean?
ITK is an acronym, abbreviation or slang word which means "In The Know". This Page is dedicated to all those internet users who are looking for ITK Definition, The Meaning of ITK and What does ITK mean?. You can checkout the information shared above for acronym ITK and other 9000+ slang words shared on Web Acronym.
Leave a Reply
What is 15 + 4?
Please leave these two fields as-is:


text:
Extensions are additional lengths or dimensions that are added to the original form of something. The natural antonym for the word "extensions" is "reduction" or "decrease", where objects or qualities are diminished or made shorter. Another antonym for "extensions" could be "shortening", where something is reduced in length or size. Additionally, "contraction" is a relevant antonym that denotes the process of shrinking or reducing in size. Opposite terms to "extensions" may also include "curtailment," "limitation," or "restriction", all of which describe limiting, lowering, or minimizing factors. These antonyms provide a range of options for expressing the opposite of the concept of extensions.
Antonym of the day
- accord, affection, agreement.