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Major UK research institution sets out goals for tackling rising passenger numbers
A major aerospace research institution has set out its main goals for dealing with problems arising from the magnitude of passengers expected to use the air transport in the coming decades.
UNLOCKING POTENTIAL: UK passenger numbers are expected to increase by 49 per cent by 2050
The university, one of the UK's leading research institutions for the aerospace sector, published a whitepaper entitled 'Addressing the digital aviation challenge' outlining how the consortium behind DARTeC intends to make significant changes to digital aviation for the British and global aviation sector.
The exponential growth of air travel is not expected to slow, with an anticipated increase of 49 per cent by 2050. DARTeC looks to solve the problems that arise from this magnitude of passengers in ways other than airport expansion and ground infrastructure development; digital aviation.
The group has identified five primary research areas.
- Connected systems – developing digital systems that will operate at speeds that the current aircraft condition monitoring system (ACARS) and the aircraft condition monitoring system (ACMS) are not capable of producing.
- Unmanned traffic management – developing airspace management solutions that will bring higher levels of system resilience, safety and security while adapting to competition from UAVs to operate in the same airspace.
- Seamless passenger experience – developing a more personalised, intuitive and less stressful passenger experience by using digitally integrated technology to examine challenges such as unified security, the elimination of triple waiting areas, optimised passenger flows and baggage separation.
- Distributed airport and airspace management – developing the next generation of air traffic control in an environment of steadily increasing air traffic density and 'on-demand' requests
- Conscious aircraft – developing technology and systems that would allow aircraft to monitor its current health, allowing it to reliably predict the useful life or components and systems, while automatically adapting to optimise their remaining life.
Professor Graham Braithwaite, Project Lead and Director of Transport Systems at Cranfield University, said: "Aviation is a key sector for the UK economy contributing £52 billion to UK GDP but the sector's present rate of growth is simply not sustainable.
"We need new digital solutions to tackle the challenges of over-capacity in both airports and airspace, we need to create passenger experiences more fitting of the 21st century and we need to create more sustainable air travel. Working with our partners, DARTeC will greatly advance the application of innovative technologies within the air transport sector and will unlock the potential of digital aviation."


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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Veterans Health Information Systems and Technology Architecture (VistA) is an enterprise-wide information system built around an electronic health record, used throughout the United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) medical system, known as the Veterans Health Administration (VHA).Department of Veterans Affairs: Veterans Health Administration By 2001, the VHA was the largest single medical system in the United States, providing care to 4 million veterans, employing 180,000 medical personnel and operating 163 hospitals, over 800 clinics and 135 nursing homes. Department of Veterans Affairs: List of Medical facilities By providing electronic health records capability, VistA is thereby one of the most widely used EHRs in the world.
Features The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has had automated data processing systems within its medical facilities since before 1985, beginning with the Decentralized Hospital Computer Program (DHCP) information system, including extensive clinical and administrative capabilities. In 1995, DHCP was enshrined as a recipient of the Computerworld Smithsonian Award for best use of Information Technology in Medicine.VistA supports both ambulatory and inpatient care, and includes several significant enhancements to the original DHCP system. The most significant is a graphical user interface known as the Computerized Patient Record System (CPRS) for clinicians released in 1997. In addition, VistA now includes computerized order entry, bar code medication administration, electronic prescribing and clinical guidelines.CPRS provides a client-server interface for health care providers to review and update a patient's electronic medical record. This includes the ability to place orders, including medications, special procedures, x-rays, patient care nursing orders, diets, and laboratory tests. CPRS is flexible enough to be implemented in a wide variety of settings for a broad spectrum of health care workers and provides a consistent, event-driven, Windows-style interface. For its development of VistA, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) / Veterans Health Administration (VHA) was named the recipient of the prestigious Innovations in American Government Award presented by the Ash Institute of the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University in July, 2006.The adoption of VistA has allowed the VA to achieve a pharmacy prescription accuracy rate of 99.997%, and the VA outperforms most public sector hospitals on a variety of criteria, enabled by the implementation of VistA.The VistA system is public domain software, available through the Freedom Of Information Act directly from the VA website,Department of Veterans Affairs: VistA website or through a growing network of distributors. The VistA Software Alliance is a non-profit trade organization that both promotes the widespread adoption of versions of VistA for provider environments.VistA Software Alliance: websiteVistA was developed using the M or MUMPS language/database. The VA currently runs a majority of VistA systems on InterSystems Caché. VistA can also run on GT.M, an open source database engine for Linux and Unix computers. Although initially separate releases, publicly available VistA distributions are now often bundled with the database in an integrated package. This has considerably eased installation.
VistA Imaging The Veterans Administration has also developed VistA Imaging, a coordinated system for communicating with PACS (radiology imaging) systems and for integrating others types of image-based information, such as EKGs, pathology slides, and scanned documents, into the VistA electronic medical records system. This type of integration of information into a medical record is critical to efficient utilization.VistA Imaging has been made freely available in the public domain for private/public hospital use through the Freedom of Information Act. It is available through the [_URL_ Department of Veteran's Affairs software request] office.It can be used independently or integrated into the VistA electronic health record system (as is done in VA health facilities).
Role in development of a national healthcare network The VistA electronic healthcare record has been widely credited for reforming the VA healthcare system, improving safety and efficiency substantially. The remarkable results have spurred a national impetus to adopt electronic medical records similar to VistA nationwide.VistA Web collectively describes a set of protocols that in 2007 was being developed and used by the VHA to transfer data (from VistA) between hospitals and clinics within the pilot project. This is the first effort to view a single patient record so that VistA becomes truly interoperable among the 128 sites running VistA today. BHIE enables real-time sharing of electronic health information between DoD and VA for shared patients of allergy, outpatient pharmacy, demographic, laboratory, and radiology data. This became a priority during the Second Iraq War, when a concern for the transition of healthcare for soldiers as they transferred from active military status to veteran status became a national focus of attention.Clinical Data Repository/ Health Data Repository or CHDR supports interoperability between DoD's Clinical Data Repository (CDR) & VA's Health Data Repository (HDR). Represents the development of interoperability between the DoD Clinical Data Repository (CDR) and Health VA Data Repository (HDR). It leverages DoD AHLTA experiences and lessons learned and provides the cornerstone for interoperability between electronic health records for DoD and VA
The first phase will include bidirectional real time exchange of computable pharmacy, allergy, demographic and laboratory data. In Phase 2 additional Drug – Drug interaction checking and Drug – Drug Allergy interaction checking will be added.
As of March 2007, Completed deployment at El Paso, Augusta, Pensacola, Puget Sound, Chicago, San Diego, and Las Vegas.
The combination of VistA and the interoperable projects listed above in the VA/DoD systems will continue to expand to meet the objectives of President Bush's statements that all citizens will have an electronic record by 2014.The VHA has also started a pilot project, known as HealtheVet (HeV) that is the next generation of VistA. Preliminary plans have begun for the vision of HeV that evolve around moving away from the MUMPS and Delphi coding and towards more state of the art programming languages and enhanced functionality. MyHealtheVet is another initiative that allows veterans to access, and create a copy of, their health records online. A national release of the project is underway. This will allow veterans to port their health records to institutions outside the VA health system or keep a personal copy of their health records, a Personal Health Record (PHR).Because of the success of these programs, a national move to standardize healthcare data transmission across the country was started. Text based information exchange is standardized using a protocol called HL7 (Health Level 7), which is approved by the American National Standards Institute. DICOM is an international image communications protocol standard. VistA is compliant with both.VistA has been interfaced with commercial off-the-shelf products. Standards and protocols used by VA are consistent with current industry standards and includine: HL7, DICOM, and other protocols.
Usage in non-governmental hospitals Under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), the VistA system, the CPRS interface (a CPOE), and unlimited ongoing updates (500-600 patches per year) are provided as public domain (but not free and open source) software.This was done by the US government in an effort to make VistA available as a low cost electronic medical record system (EMR / EHR) for non-governmental hospitals and other healthcare entities.With funding from The Pacific Telehealth & Technology Hui, the Hui 7 produced a version of VistA that ran on GT.M in a Linux operating system, and that was suitable for use in private settings. VistA has since been adopted by companies such as Blue Cliff, DSS, Inc., Medsphere, and Sequence Managers Software to a variety of environments, from individual practices to clinics to hospitals, to regional healthcare co-ordination between far-flung islands. In addition, VistA has been adopted within similar provider environments worldwide. Universities, such as UC Davis and Texas Tech implemented these systems. A non-profit organization, WorldVistA, has also been established to extend and collaboratively improve the VistA electronic health record and health information system for use outside of its original setting.VistA as other EMR/EHR systems can be interfaced with other healthcare databases not initially used by the VA system, including billing software, lab databases, and images databases (radiology, for example).
Supporters of VistA
There have been many champions of VistA as the electronic healthcare record system for a universal healthcare plan. VistA can act as a standalone system, allowing self-contained management and retention of healthcare data within an institution. Combined with BHIE (or other data exchange protocol) is can be part of a peer-to-peer model of universal healthcare. It is also scalable to be used as a centralized system (allowing regional or even national centralization of healthcare records). It is, therefore, the electronic records system most adapatable to a variety of healthcare models.In addition to the unwavering support of congressional representatives such as Congressman Sonny Montgomery of Mississippi, numerous IT specialists, physicians, and other healthcare professionals have donated significant amounts of time in adapting the VistA system for use in non-governmental healthcare settings.The ranking member of the House Veterans Affairs Committee's Oversight and Investigation Subcommittee, Rep. Ginny Brown-Waite of Florida, recommended that the Department of Defense (DOD) adopt VA's VistA system following accusations of inefficiencies in the DOD healthcare system. The DOD hospitals use Armed Forces Health Longitudinal Technology Application (AHLTA

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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If you're a backpacker you need a reliable yet lightweight method for purifying and filtering water in the wild. Most commercial methods are either bulky and heavy or need supplies such as salt and/or batteries. Instead you can make a gravity water filtration system using two water bladders, a $17 Aquamira Frontier Pro filter or likewise, and a pack of chlorine dioxide purification tablets.
YouTube user and veteran backpacker Jason Klass demonstrates the light weight, versatility, and low cost (around $40 for everything) of this setup. Basically you fill your "dirty" water bottle directly from a river, lake, or stream, add a purification tablet, and connect your clean water bottle to the Aquamira filter. The other side of the filter is connected to the water resevoir you drink from. Hang the dirty water from a tree branch and keep the clean water on the ground and in half an hour you'll have a couple of liters of clean water to drink.
Why does this system use both a chemical and a mechanical filter? The aquamira filter is good at keeping out dirt and objects that would change the taste of your water but does not filter closely enough to remove most bacterias and viruses. A chlorine dioxide chemical treatment (same as what most municipal water supplies use) will kill 99.999% of all viruses and bacterias and shouldn't change the taste of the water. If you run out of purification tablets while on the trail you can always gravity filter the water into a pot and boil it.


Jan 20
Constructing Rich False Memories of Committing Crime
Memory researchers long have speculated that certain tactics may lead people to recall crimes that never occurred, and thus could potentially lead to false confessions. This is the first study to provide evidence suggesting that full episodic false memories of committing crime can be generated in a controlled experimental setting. With suggestive memory-retrieval techniques, participants were induced to generate criminal and noncriminal emotional false memories, and we compared these false memories with true memories of emotional events. After three interviews, 70% of participants were classified as having false memories of committing a crime (theft, assault, or assault with a weapon) that led to police contact in early adolescence and volunteered a detailed false account. These reported false memories of crime were similar to false memories of noncriminal events and to true memory accounts, having the same kinds of complex descriptive and multisensory components. It appears that in the context of a highly suggestive interview, people can quite readily generate rich false memories of committing crime.
via Constructing Rich False Memories of Committing Crime published In: Journal of the Association for Psychological Science.


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Definitions for gonzoˈgɒn zoʊ
Random House Webster's College Dictionary
fiercely advocative or partial without regard for balance or objectivity.
Category: Common Vocabulary, Journalism
Origin of gonzo:
1970–75, Amer.; appar. first used by U.S. journalist Hunter S. Thompson (b. 1939); perh. < It: simpleton
A wild or crazy person
Using an unconventional, exaggerated and highly subjective style, often when the reporter is part of the story.
The New Hacker's Dictionary
[from Hunter S. Thompson] 1. With total commitment, total concentration, and a mad sort of panache. (Thompson's original sense.) 2. More loosely: Overwhelming; outrageous; over the top; very large, esp. used of collections of source code, source files, or individual functions. Has some of the connotations of moby and hairy, but without the implication of obscurity or complexity.


How to send two different DocRead tasks from the same base document
It is really easy to use DocRead to assign an item that has been stored in a SharePoint document library or list to groups of users who then must acknowledge the completion of the item leaving an audit trail to prove exactly who has completed what task and when. DocRead allows you to select several SharePoint Groups / Active Directory groups and individuals who will all receive the same instructions and will all be asked to complete the same task.
However if you need two groups of employees to read / complete the same information, but with slightly different requirements then this is also easy to arrange without having to duplicate the initial document or save details in multiple locations by using a link to the document.
For example:
1) If you need Group A to read a document and take an associated quiz but also need Group B to read exactly the same document but who do not need to answer the quiz.
2) If Group C are required to read an item, but it only needs to be recommended to Group D and you wish email messages to contain appropriate messages to be sent to both groups.
How to create two DocRead tasks from the same item
1) Save the item in the required SharePoint library or list.
2) Create a link to the document, this is shown in more detail in the post here.
3) Use DocRead message templates to ensure the email notifications and messages the user receives in the DocRead task window are appropriate for the task.
4) Attach surveys created with DocSurvey as necessary.
5) Repeat steps 2, 3 +4 to create as many iterations as you need.
6) Assign each link to the document (with the correct messages) to the correct group(s) of users.
7) Ensure the item is checked in, approved as necessary and a major version has been created, then wait for the DocRead timer job to run (or process reading tasks manually on the site) for the tasks to be created. Remember after the tasks have been created you may need to wait a little while longer for the associated emails to be sent (this will depend on the settings you have used for the email notification schedule timer jobs).
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Petroglyphs of Hawaii's Big Island
Petroglyphs, or kii pohaku, are lava rock carvings etched into stone centuries ago by Native Hawaiians. Although the true meanings of the petroglyphs are unknown, it is generally thought these carvings are records of births and other significant events in the lives of the people who lived here long ago. See the carvings of human forms, canoes, turtles and others in the many captivating petroglyphs fields throughout Hawaii's Big Island.
Within Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, at the coastal end of Chain of Craters Road, you'll discover the sacred Puuloa Petroglyphs, the largest petroglyph field in Hawaii. You can see more than 23,000 images carved into the lava rock here, most before western contact in Hawaii. You can take a guided tour, or take the 1 kilometre hike that ends on a boardwalk from where the petroglyphs are easily visible.
In the Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park located just under five kilometres north of Historic Kailua Village (Kailua-Kona) you can find many mysterious petroglyphs scattered throughout the 469-hectare park. This historic National Park is also the site of Hawaiian fishponds, kahua (house site platforms), a holua (stone slide) and heiau (temples).
Along the Kohala Coast, Puako Petroglyph Archaeological Preserve features hundreds of petroglyphs and is a short walk from the Fairmont Orchid Hawaii and Holoholokai Beach. On the grounds of the Waikoloa Resort, Anaehoomalu Petroglyph Field is another great place to view well-preserved Hawaiian petroglyphs. Many of the petroglyph fields in this area reside on the Ala Kahakai Trail, also known as the King's Trail, a 281-kilometre trail corridor full of historic sites, including sacred heiau, Hawaiian fishponds and settlement ruins.


2,152Grants to
Mohamed bin Zayed Species project number 162512725
Spatial ecology and conservation of the Pampas cat Leopardus colocolo in the Sechura Desert of northwestern Peru
Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation (Project No. 162512725) - Pampas cat - Awarded $10,740 on July 02, 2016
The Pampas cat is a small feline widely distributed but poorly studied in some ecosystems, specifically in deserted areas. Our objective is to study the spatial ecology of the Pampas cat in two localities of the Sechura desert of Northern Peru, and understand how it is able to survive in this extreme environment in order to propose conservation measures. We will fit 4 individuals with GPS collars in the San Pedro Mangroves and the Illescas Reserve Zone, and use the fixes to calculate home range size, movement patterns, habitat selection, and identify highly used areas with potential important resources (freshwater, dens, etc). Also, these locations will be plotted on land cover maps in the ArcGIS 10.1 software to identify the environmental variables that determine pampas cat presence. Furthermore, we will organize environmental workshops for nearby villages and schools to help increase awareness of the importance of this species to the ecosystem.
Project 162512725 location - Peru, South America


Ensembles apply to trajectories, not frames
It is common to initially think of ensembles as applying on a frame-by-frame basis. However, ensembles are only valid on trajectories, not individual frames. To explain this, let's consider a couple simple common misconceptions.
Combining volume ensembles doesn't combine volumes
It might seem like Ensemble(volume_A) & Ensemble(volume_B) should be the same as Ensemble(volume_A & volume_B). But this is absolutely not the case. We can see this easily by using PartOutXEnsemble as the example ensemble. PartOutXEnsemble(volume) creates an ensemble in which at least one frame must be outside of volume. So the difference between and-ing together the two ensembles vs. and-ing together the two volumes can be described like this:
 - PartOutXEnsemble(volume_A) & PartOutXEnsemble(volume_B): there is at least one frame in the trajectory outside of volume_A, and at least one frame outside of volume_B. These two frames do not need to be the same frame.
 - PartOutXEnsemble(volume_A & volume_B): there is at least one frame which is outside of volume_A & volume_B, which is the intersection of volume_A and volume_B.
Note that the second case does NOT mean that a single frame is simultaneously outside of both volume_A and volume_B: it is outside the intersection, not the union. If what you want is a ensemble of trajectories which contain at least one frame that is simultaneously outside of volume_A and outside of volume_B, you can write that as PartOutXEnsemble(volume_A | volume_B).
A trajectory in 'PartOutXEnsemble(volumeA & volumeB)' but not in 'PartOutXEnsemble(volumeA) & PartOutXEnsemble(volumeB)'
The above trajectory is in PartOutXEnsemble(volume_A & volume_B) but not in PartOutXEnsemble(volume_A) & PartOutXEnsemble(volume_B). To be in that ensemble, it would need to have a frame in the red area, or the outside both volumes in the white area. The volume given by volume_A & volume_B is the purple area, and some frames are outside of that.
Complementary frames do not generate the logical inverse ensemble
Another case where your intuition can lead you astray is when thinking about complementary and inverse ensembles. For example, since InXEnsemble(volume) consists of frames inside of volume and OutXEnsemble(volume) consists of frames outside of volume, you might mistakenly think that InXEnsemble(volume) | OutXEnsemble(volume) allows all trajectories.
However, if you think about the whole trajectory, you'll see this is not the case. InXEnsemble requires that all frames be in the given volume; OutXEnsemble requires that all frames be outside the given volume. A trajectory tested with InXEnsemble(volume) | OutXEnsemble(volume) must satisfy one of the two ensembles: either all frames inside or all frames outside. It can not include a transition across edge of the volume.
OutXEnsemble is complementary to InXEnsemble in the sense that OutXEnsemble(volume) == InXEnsemble(~volume), but OutXEnsemble(volume)!= ~InXEnsemble(volume). This again comes back to the statement in the previous section that combining volume ensembles does not combine volumes, because InXEnsemble(volume) | InXEnsemble(~volume)!= InXEnsemble(volume | ~volume).
To find the actual logical inverse of an ensemble, we should return to its set-theoretic definition. For InXEnsemble, this is:
\[\forall t; x[t] \in V_x\]
where \(t\) is the time (frame number), \(x\) is the order parameter function which defines the volume, and \(V_x\) is the extent of the volume. To take the logical not of that, we apply the standard rules that \(\forall\) becomes \(\exists\) and \(\in\) becomes \(\notin\), giving us:
\[\exists t\ | \ x[t] \notin V_x\]
This is, of course, the definition for a PartOutXEnsemble. And if we think about this in words, it makes perfect sense: if the ensemble requires that all frames be in some volume, then the set of all trajectories which do not satisfy that ensemble would have at least one frame outside that volume.


A Roman marble head of a man, possibly the Emperor Trajan
Lot 161*
A Roman marble portrait head of the Emperor Trajan
£50,000 - 70,000
US$ 83,000 - 120,000
Auction Details
Lot Details
A Roman marble portrait head of the Emperor Trajan
Early 2nd Century A.D.
Depicted turning to the left, his stern face drawn into a frown, his thin lips pressed together, his hair characteristically combed forward over his forehead, 11in (27.8cm) high, mounted
 - Provenance:
 French private collection.
 François de Ricqlès, Drouot-Montaigne, Paris, 11 November 2001, lot 335. Accompanied by a copy of the French export licence.
 Royal Athena Galleries, Art of the Ancient World, vol. XIV, 2003, no.20.
 American private collection.
 The Emperor Trajan (Marcus Ulpius Traianus) acceded to the Imperial throne when he was forty-five years and ruled from A.D.98 to 117. Under his rule, the Empire saw its greatest expansion through military conquests, conquering Nabataea, Dacia, Armenia and Mesopotamia.
 Carved from marble from the Greek island of Thasos, this bust can be seen as one of Kleiner's 'postdecennial' types: D. Kleiner, Roman Sculpture, Yale, 1994, p.208, which includes those on the Trajan's Column in Rome and other posthumous portraits produced after Trajan's death in A.D.117. For a similar head of Trajan in the Uffizi, cf. G. Mansuelli, Galleria degli Uffizi. Le Sculture, Rome, 1961, no.83.
Lot symbols


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God's Revelation for Today
What did John's revelations mean to the seven churches who read his letter?
The Lamb and the Seven-Sealed Scroll is the second volume in Dr. Richard Booker's powerful three-volume series. Continuing to examine the Book of Revelation within its original historical, literary, and biblical context, Dr. Booker turns his clear, prophetic explanation to the seven-sealed scroll, which contains the word of the Lord given to Daniel and is sealed until the time of the end. This seven-sealed scroll is God's revelation of the events of the end times. Dr. Booker boldly challenges some traditional theology and provides biblical and modern-day support for his beliefs.
This verse-by-verse study teaches:
- How to read Revelation within the context of its biblical, Hebraic roots.
- The historical, spiritual, archeological, and geographic backgrounds of the seven churches.
- How to read the literary style of the apocalyptic writings of John's time.
- The influence of Greek mythology and Roman imperial cult worship are a background to understanding the Book of Revelation.
- The connection between the context of the Book of Revelation and our world today.
- There is hope for believers facing the challenging days ahead.
God will authorize who can loose the seals, open the scroll, and read His final prophetic word for humankind.
Open this book for an inside look at the end times!
You can read this item using any of the following Kobo apps and devices:

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Richard Clamp > Class-Delay-0.02 > Class::Delay
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Module Version: 0.02 Source
Class::Delay - delay method dispatch until a trigerring event
 package PrintOut;
 sub write {
 my $self = shift;
 print "printing: ", _USER_, "\n";
 sub flush {
 print "flushed\n";
 package DelayedPrint;
 use base 'PrintOut';
 use Class::Delay
 methods => [ 'write' ],
 release => [ 'flush' ];
 package main;
 DelayedPrint->write( "we'll write this later" ); # won't get through
 # to PrintOuts 'write' yet
 DelayedPrint->write( "this too" );
 DelayedPrint->flush; # all of the queued call are dispatched
 DelayedPrint->write( "this won't be delayed" );
Class::Delay provides a mechanism for the delay of method dispatch until a triggering method is called.
You simply define a proxy class, and then call on the module to set up a set of methods that will defer.
The use statement takes the following options when generate the proxying behaviour.
An array reference naming the methods to delay until a trigger event.
What a delayed method will return, defaults to 1.
An array reference naming the methods to ise as triggering events.
A subroutine that will be passed the all the delayed messages as Class::Delay::Message objects. The routine should return these in the order that the messagages are to be deilvered.
For example, if we want to ensure our trigger event arrives before the rest of the events we may do something like this:
 use Class::Delay
 methods => [qw( foo bar baz )],
 release => [qw( quux squirkle )],
 reorder => sub { sort { $b->is_trigger <=> $a->is_trigger } _USER_ };
An extended example of this module is in Mariachi::DBI which uses the module to delay database setup until the final of the database is known.
Richard Clamp <>
Copyright (C) 2003 Richard Clamp. All Rights Reserved.
syntax highlighting:


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This colorful paper tray will make Mother's Day (or any day!) extra special.
What You'll Need:
- Large box lid (from a file box or similar)
- Acrylic paint: assorted colors
- Jump rope
Note: Adult help needed.
Step 1: Turn the box lid so the edges face up to form a tray, and paint the inside. Let dry.
Step 2: Once the inside is dry, paint the bottom and sides of the tray another color. Let dry. Add polka dots or another design around the outside, and paint flowers on the inside. Let dry.
Step 3: Ask a grown-up to help you use scissors to poke 2 holes in both ends of the tray. The holes should be 5 to 6 inches apart.
Step 4: Cut an 8- or 9-inch section from each end of the jump rope. Thread one section through the holes on each side of the box, with the rope's plastic handle between the holes and on the outside of the box. Knot the ends of the rope on the inside of the box to secure the handle.
Now use the tray to bring a treat to someone special!


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Water Efficient Landscape Gardens
The Water Efficient Landscape (WEL) demonstration gardens show that beautiful gardens can thrive in the Sacramento Valley on low amounts of supplemental summer water. The WEL is composed of five garden areas designed to offer a variety of landscaping options. Here are some pictures and descriptions of the areas. Signs within the garden show their locations, and most plants are labeled with markers denoting both common and botanical names. Click the links to see the WEL Garden plant list (pdf 106kb), and the California Native Garden plant list (pdf 120kb).
In addition to water-wise plant selection, the demonstration gardens incorporate various water efficient landscaping techniques. These include:
- use of compost to improve soil structure and fertility
- drip irrigation
- mulch to reduce soil moisture loss and weed growth
- swales to capture water
- permeable concrete walks and patios to prevent run-off
2012 is the eighth season of growth for the WEL gardens. To read a history of the WEL gardens, click here. The gardens are open to the public during normal Fair Oaks Park hours (dawn to dusk). Take a self-guided tour of the gardens - most plants are labeled. Check out the Fair Oaks Horticulture Center Workshop Schedule to attend a workshop on growing and maintaining a water efficient landscape.


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hydroelectric power production, and the presence of significant uranium deposits. The first PEN, drawn up in 1978, emphasized the role that nuclear power would play in meeting the nation's ever-increasing need for electricity. The revised PEN of 1984 postponed the opening of the Lemoniz Nuclear Power Plant for political reasons, and it continued the mothballing of three other nuclear plants. The government decided, nonetheless, that if the demand for electricity increased by more than 3 percent, work on one of the plants might be restarted. The new PEN also emphasized the benefits of increased natural gas consumption.
More about the Economy of Spain.
Source: U.S. Library of Congress


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To become a leading platform for developing and sustaining a diverse and thriving Islamic Community that is an integral part of America in accordance with the Qur'an and the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh).
The Mission of SBIA is:
1. To provide Islamic educational, religious and social services
2. To collaborate with other organizations to serve the greater Muslim community
3. To develop a harmonious relationship with neighbors and community at large within the framework of Islam


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This week we have celebrated the inaugural Tokelau Language Week (29 October – 4 November). The theme is Ke mau ki pale o Tokelau: Hold fast to the treasures of Tokelau. We have posted a blog each day highlighting cultural treasures from Tokelau in Te Papa's collections.
Today, I want to share with you a photograph that relates to our second post this week about the Mafutaga Tupulaga Tokelau from Porirua. I recalled spotting it on a Facebook friends post several months ago so I invited him to share his memories of the photograph in this blog as it relates to this small collection presented to the museum in the 1986.
My thanks to Kevin Sesale Setefano for sharing the photograph and the words below. Faka fetai!
Malo ni Tokelau,
This is a photo taken at the Iulio and Silila Setefano family home in Warspite Avenue, Porirua, back in 1986 where a Tokelau project workshop programme was held over the duration of a month.
The Tokelau government funded an art and craft project development by Alepano Savelio involving the Tokelau traditional craftsmen shown in the photo. This was to be displayed in the National Museum, which was on Buckle St, Wellington at the time. It was the first display of Tokelau crafts to be done there and ceremonies took place.
The elder craftsmen from Atafu, Nukunonu and Fakaofo Tui Tokelau are very unique, and range in their styles and techniques. They make the treasures and survival tools that have been taught over many generations in Tokelau and that continue to this day, so we can teach our young people in New Zealand the crafts for their journeys and pathways to come.
As the young people in the photo, Savelio Ioane and myself (Kevin Sesale Setefano) we were helping and supporting the elders with the traditional project. For us, it was about active listening and the importance of understanding workmanship, understanding how Tokelau tools can keep us alive. These were important survival skills in order for our kaiga (family) to support themselves through daily living in Tokelau. The project was very interesting and at times entertaining. As the elders told their stories and worked on the crafts, they had hilarious discussions between themselves as they shared their versions of the Tokelau culture with each other.
Tokelau arts and crafts will continue on if the traditional workmanship and skill sets are passed on to younger generations. Tokelauans' have moved around the world and have needed to learn other skills and undertake education to survive in the European world. However, the knowledge and education that I received will never be forgotten and will be passed down to next generation to carry on.
Finally, I say faka fetai to the Elders and Tokelau people
Aloha lahi atu koutou and Kaiga
Kevin Sesale Setefano


Idaho's Regional Economists are Source for Economic Information
Behind the scenes at the Idaho Department of Labor are six individuals who spend their days converting economic data into employment solutions.
"As regional economists, we take the data produced by the research analysts and tell a story with it," said Ethan Mansfield, regional economist for southwestern Idaho. "Data is meaningless unless someone is there to communicate it and interpret it, and that's our job."
Each region in Idaho has a designated economist who provides a link between those who produce economic data and those who need this data. The regional economists repackage and explain raw data to make it easily understandable, enhancing the community's economic knowledge.
Regional economists respond to information requests from private industries, public officials, economic development organizations, media organizations, government entities, employers, grant writers and job seekers.
Regional economists use their knowledge of labor market information to collect and analyze the most helpful information for each individual or organization.
"Often, users don't even know the data they need, let alone how to find it," Mansfield said. "We assist these folks by understanding the question they are trying to answer and identifying the data that will answer their question."
The work of a regional economist is beneficial for both businesses and employees.
"I frequently pull data on the number of openings, the number of job seekers and current and projected employment for specific occupations," Mansfield said.
Mansfield has been working on multiple tasks to create a broader understanding of the state's economy. One recent project was pulling data and projections to estimate the supply of nurses in Idaho.
"I am also working on defining and pulling data for the high-tech sector in Idaho," Mansfield said. "And I am working on a project to estimate vacancy rates using job postings from around the state and identifying the major hiring activity by employer and occupation."
Additionally, regional economists administer Workforce Development Training Funds. These funds are used to reimburse employee training costs to eligible companies bringing jobs to Idaho, adding jobs or upgrading skills of current workers to keep them employed.
"I love doing research. I love using numbers and statistics as little pieces of the puzzle to answer difficult questions and understand the bigger picture," said Christopher St. Jeor, regional economist for eastern Idaho. "I enjoy the one-on-one interaction with the public and working with them to answer their questions."
Find a Regional Economist near You
Northern Idaho
Sam Wolkenhauer
_PHONE_
North Central Idaho
Kathryn Tacke
_PHONE_
Ethan Mansfield
_PHONE_
South Central
Jan Roeser
_PHONE_
Dan Cravens
_PHONE_
Chris St. Jeor
_PHONE_


I've read article about WorkManager _URL_ and I have the question. In order to use Workmanager, I vae to create that object using admin console and during creating workmanager I can set some properties like thread priority or pool size. In that article we can see java example:
InitialContext ctx = new InitialContext();
WorkManager wm = (WorkManager)ctx.lookup("java:comp/env/wm/default");
ThreadFactory tf = new WASThreadFactory(wm);
BlockingQueue q = new ArrayBlockingQueue(10);
ThreadPoolExecutor pool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(
1, 10, 5000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, q, tf);
My question is, what happen after putting new values to ThreadPoolExecutor constructor? Is it possible to overwrite WorkManager properties defined in Websphere by that code? What is dependence between values passed to constructor and values defined for Workmanager in websphere using admin console?


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An internal capital account is comprised of money that is lent by a member to their worker cooperative. It can include an initial capital contribution when they join, as well as any earnings that members reinvest in the coop.
Many worker cooperatives require a capital contribution when a new member joins. The cost of the buy-in can vary widely depending on the cooperative. It gives the member a financial stake in the cooperative which is at risk if it performs poorly. If a new member can not afford the buy-in, it is sometimes purchased with salary or wage deductions over a period of time. Alternatively the buy-in can also be purchased with a loan from the cooperative to the member which is then paid off with future compensation. The buy-in is credited to the member's internal capital account.
Profits and losses can also credited or debited from the internal capital account as determined by the bylaws. Many coops require a portion of the profits paid to members to be reinvested in the coop. Typically the profits are retained in an internal capital account for a period of time before being paid out. For example, 30% of the profits each year might be retained in an internal capital account for five years before being paid back to a member. This tends to equalize the capital contributions of members on time scales longer than the holding period. New members will have less capital invested until they have worked for a full holding period. Any reinvested earnings are credited to the internal capital account and debited from the internal capital account when they are paid out.
The holding period is designed to limit the value of an internal capital account so that its eventual pay out does not require the sale or demutualization of the cooperative. By paying out the earnings after a short period the cooperative prevents a lifetime of member earnings from building up in the cooperative. Historically, payouts of large internal capital accounts have led to the demutualization of a number of worker cooperatives in the United States, most notably the plywood cooperatives in the Pacific northwest.
Losses are often attributed to members by debiting their internal capital account. The internal capital accounts serve as risk capital because their value can be reduced to absorb losses. For this reason the members internal capital accounts are often categorized as equity on the balance sheet. Internal capital accounts may earn a fixed rate of return (interest) on their balance.
Functionally the internal capital accounts brings the banking function within the coop. Members could deposit their money at a financial institution which then lent it back to the coop. With the internal capital accounts the members are lending to their cooperative directly, removing the financial intermediary.
When a member leave the cooperative their internal capital account is paid out. This buy-out of the member investment can occur either as an immediate cash payment, or as a debt owed to the member which is paid out over time. Spreading the payment over time has the advantage of reducing the immediate liquidity needs of the cooperative and can prevent cash flow problems.


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The program combines group therapy sessions with adventure and art/craft filled activities. All activities are capacity building, encouraging young people to try new experiences, and build on their list of things they love to do. ACA offer the following programs:
- Autistic Young Persons' Program
- Siblings Program
- Parent and Carer Program
The ACA program runs over 4 days and 5 nights. The program taps into existing regional group recreation/camp facilities with safety, privacy, autonomy and low sensory input as priorities.


1. Forum
 2. >
 3. Topic: Duolingo
 4. >
 5. Is French the longest tree?
Is French the longest tree?
It seems like French is the longest tree. All of my other ones are shorter.
May 17, 2017
I think Norwegian is the longest, followed by German.
I think the Italian tree is actually longer if we're talking about the number of lessons. I started both tress at about the same time and I've only done one brand new lesson per day in each language. At that pace it has taken about a year to get through the courses. I already finished the French tree about a month ago. I only have two lessons left in my Italian tree and will be done by tomorrow.
So, I think the Italian tree is longer than the French tree right now. I don't know if any other language trees are longer.
I'm guessing you're talking about the number of skills taught rather than words or lessons?
French: 78
Spanish: 61
Danish: 70
English: (Unsure) - What language are you learning from by the way?
Esperanto: 44
Swedish: 66
Irish: 64
So you were right. Out of the ones you're doing French is the longest. And while Esperanto was the shortest tree created so far, that record has now been broken by Japanese with 40 skills.
Found it out using this: _URL_
Hope that was useful.
I'm learning English from French.
The Ukrainian tree is fairly short, but I believe Esperanto is the shortest.
Esperanto (tomorrow Japanese) has the least skills but Turkish (tomorrow Japanese) has the least lessons.
Is there a discussion with the number of skills and lessons each course has (including ones for non-english speakers possibly)?
Thanks! Do you know any that show the number of words taught by each course?
German is the longest in lessons, but in words, Norwegian is the longest. (I think)


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Desiccation in woody plants is common in Colorado, because soils range from sandy to clay and plants rely almost totally on supplemental watering. In addition, nearly all woody plants found in Colorado are imported from different parts of the country and have varying moisture requirements.
Symptoms of desiccation appear when too little or too much water is available. It also occurs in plants that have weak root systems; most often in transplants. Too much water drives oxygen from the soil, which leaves roots unable to absorb water and nutrients. Symptoms of desiccation appear over the course of a day in small, newly transplanted plants. A large conifer may not show symptoms for a couple of years.
In response to desiccation, many plants will try to adapt. Established deciduous woody plants show the most obvious signs of desiccation. To conserve water, these plants often shed some or all their leaves. In the fall, early coloration is a sign of water stress. Cottonwoods, aspens and willows also drop twigs and small branches in a effort to conserve. After several years of inadequate water, the annual growth becomes weak.
Conifers are much less susceptible to desiccation. Their needles are well adapted to xeric conditions. If water stress does occur, it's most likely to happen in spruce and fir. In these plants, you typically won't see symptoms until the following growing season when stunted and off-color needles appear.
Desiccation in broad-leaved evergreens, such as Oregon grape and pyracantha, often appears in leaves, which brown at the margins. To protect broad-leafed evergreens, plant them in a protected area, such as the north side of a structure.
Don't flood plants to correct water deficits. Flooding, even for a short period, can quickly kill a woody plant.
For "Fall & winter watering" refer to message number 1706.
For more information, see the following Colorado State Extension fact sheet(s). _URL_


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Built in just 10 months, it was the nation's largest shipyard
Philadelphia's Hog Island was the first shipyard built for the mass production of freighters as a result of the onset of World War I. In 1917, the United States established several government-owned shipyards to fulfill its wartime shipping needs-to get troops and supplies to Europe as quickly as possible. Contracts were signed over the next year and Hog Island Shipyard, the largest of three such facilities, was slated to build 180 ships-vessels that came to be known as Hog Islanders. To meet the hastened schedule, the process of shipbuilding had to be reinvented. Like a modern day assembly line, Hog Island was the first shipyard designed to build 50 ships simultaneously.
With groundbreaking ceremonies on September 22, 1917, Hog Island celebrated its first launch just 10 months later on August 5, 1918. With approximately 100,000 people in attendance, including President and Mrs. Woodrow Wilson, the ship known as Quistconck was ceremoniously christened, although it was not 100% complete. Unfortunately, the Quistconck was not fully seaworthy until after November 11, 1918, when the war officially ended.
Hog Island was said to be the "eighth wonder of the world," but throughout the entire development of the shipyard, it was plagued with enormous cost overruns and government investigations. Not one ship was delivered before the war ended. Over its 4-year lifespan, a total of 122 ships were built, with the last one delivered on January 22, 1921.
In 1930, the United States government transferred ownership of the 911 acres of Hog Island to the City of Philadelphia in order to develop Philadelphia Municipal Airport.


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Tunkin Depression
"The Tunkin Depression volcanic field (also known as the Tunka Depression) covers a broad area immediately west of the SW tip of Lake Baikal. The Khobok group of basaltic cinder cones near the village of Tunka, one of five groups of cinder cones characterized by some sources as late-Pleistocene to Holocene in age, has the largest concentration of vents. Drill cores show that the upper 500 m of the basin is filled with Quaternary tuffs and a dozen lava flows; subsidence continues, partially burying volcanic features. Other well-preserved cinder cones of probable Pleistocene age are located to the SE in the Khamar-Dayan Range. The youngest cinder cones and lava flows are in the NE part of the Tunkin Depression. The age of the latest eruptions has variously been considered to be Pleistocene-to-Holocene or late-Pleistocene." -Smithsonian Volcano Archive
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text: Efficient mRNA transport in eukaryotes requires highly orchestrated relationships between nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. For oskar mRNA, the Drosophila posterior determinant, these spatio-temporal requirements remain opaque during its multi-step transport process. By in vivo covisualization of oskar mRNA with Staufen, its putative trafficking protein, we find oskar mRNA to be present in particles distinct from Staufen for part of its transport. oskar mRNA stably associated with Staufen near the posterior pole. We observe oskar mRNA to oligomerize as hundreds of copies forming large particles which are necessary for its long range transport and localization. We show the formation of these particles occurs in the nurse cell nucleus in an Hrp48-dependent manner. We present a more refined model of oskar mRNA transport in the Drosophila oocyte.


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ABSTRACT SUBMISSIONS HAVE NOW CLOSED
Sub‐theme 1: Supporting Clinical Performance
Clinicians are central to achieving high performing, safe, quality health services, but as a group they often report disengagement with system wide efforts to measure, monitor and improve performance. This sub‐theme will attract papers which address methods to engage clinicians in improving clinical performance be it through leadership, teamwork, self‐assessment or peer review processes, or other innovative solutions to supporting clinical performance. Areas such as supporting manager performance, involving consumers in clinical performance and partnerships for performance will also be covered as will the related and tricky issue of clinicians in difficulty. Initiatives to support clinical performance in areas such as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health are welcome in this sub‐theme.
Sub‐theme 2: Designing Quality Systems
In this period of health service reform and redesign, it is timely to examine how to design health systems to enable safe, quality care. This sub‐theme will include aspects of the current health reform process such as how the new national approaches to data can enhance performance; international perspectives as well as state based initiatives such as the Four Pillars in NSW and the "Between the Flags" program. Concepts such as service oriented healthcare, pay for performance and consumer involvement in design will be addressed.
Sub‐theme 3: Managing Meaningful Measurement
The health services suffer from the 'Data Rich/Information Poor' problem. This sub‐theme will look at moving beyond 'measurement for measurement's sake' to using measurement to drive quality, to engage clinicians' learning and to empower innovative models of care. The wider issues of public reporting of performance (both at an organisational level and at a clinical level) and the consumer understanding and use of performance data will be canvassed.
Who should submit?
- Clinicians and health managers from all sectors of the health system
- Government and Non‐government organisations
- Academic researchers (including MPH students, PhD students and post‐doc researchers)
- Business/Corporate groups with an interest in health and policy
- General practice/Primary and Aged Care
- Community/Consumer groups
We look forward to your contributions for this stimulating and ground‐breaking event in Sydney in September 2012.


Is sous vide dangerous?
Chef's answer
There will be two primary biological hazards in the meat, poultry, fish, vegetables or fruit that are cooked sous vide. The first hazard is vegetative pathogens, and the regulatory target is Salmonella. The goal is to cook the food in the pouch to a time and temperature to reduce Salmonella 100,000-to-1.
Frequently asked Questions 🎓
If water gets into your vacuum-sealed sous vide bags, it can impact the taste and texture of the food. The more water you get into the bag, the more it will dilute the flavorful juices released from the food that's being cooked in the bag. While the meal will be less tasty, it is still completely safe to eat..
It's fine for the bag to touch it, as long as you're not blocking water ports. And the food can touch too.
With sous vide cooking, it's absolutely vital that your bags stay submerged and that trapped air bubbles are pushed to the top of the bag and away from the food. This is the only way to guarantee that your food is heating properly, which is important for both food safety and quality.
Can you sous vide marinated frozen meats? Sure! You can marinate fresh or frozen meats for sous vide..
At either temperature, cook the salmon for about 40 minutes if cooking fresh (unfrozen) salmon, or 70 minutes for frozen salmon. Salmon can be left in the sous vide bath for up to 30 minutes after the end of cooking without significant change in flavor or texture (after 30 minutes, it starts to get a little mushy).
Overcooking foods Even though people say sous vide is easy, you can overcook your food. The food continues to cook after it leaves the pot, unless you place it in an ice bath. Also, when you go to sear your meat, you can easily overcook it during searing, especially if you're using a thinner cut.
between 15-30 minutesIt all depends on what temperature you have your sous vide set at, and the amount of water that needs to heat up. The higher the temperature and the larger the quantity of water, the longer it will take the sous vide to heat up. In general, your sous vide should take between 15-30 minutes to heat up.
A few more cooking questions 📍


and ψsecond respectively. A purely real formulation has too few dimensions to describe the system's state when superposition is taken into account. That is, without the arguments of the amplitudes, we cannot describe the phase-dependent interference. The crucial term 2 |\psi_{\rm{first}}| |\psi_{\rm{second}}| \cos (\varphi_1-\varphi_2) is called the "interference term", and this would be missing if we had added the probabilities.
Conservation of probabilities and the Continuity equation[edit]
Main article: Probability current
Define the probability current (or flux) j as
 \mathbf{j} = {\hbar \over m} {1 \over {2 i}} \left( \psi ^{*} \nabla \psi - \psi \nabla \psi^{*} \right) = {\hbar \over m} \operatorname{Im} \left( \psi ^{*} \nabla \psi \right),
Then the current satisfies the equation
 \nabla \cdot \mathbf{j} + { \partial \over \partial t} |\psi|^2 = 0.
Composite systems[edit]
Amplitudes in operators[edit]
See also[edit]
 1. The Nobel Prize in Physics 1954.


text:
i-th person has weight
people[i], and each boat can carry a maximum weight of
Each boat carries at most 2 people at the same time, provided the sum of the weight of those people is at most
Return the minimum number of boats to carry every given person. (It is guaranteed each person can be carried by a boat.)
Input: people = [1,2], limit = 3 Output: 1 Explanation: 1 boat (1, 2)
Input: people = [3,2,2,1], limit = 3 Output: 3 Explanation: 3 boats (1, 2), (2) and (3)
Input: people = [3,5,3,4], limit = 5 Output: 4 Explanation: 4 boats (3), (3), (4), (5)
1 <= people.length <= 50000
1 <= people[i] <= limit <= 30000
import pytest from.Day13_BoatsToSavePeople import Solution s = Solution() _USER_.mark.parametrize( "people,limit,expected", [ ([1, 2], 3, 1), ([3, 2, 2, 1], 3, 3), ([3, 5, 3, 4], 5, 4), ([2, 2], 6, 1), ([3, 1, 7], 7, 2), ([2, 4], 5, 2), ], ) def test_num_rescue_boats(people, limit, expected): assert s.numRescueBoats(people, limit) == expected
from typing import List class Solution: def numRescueBoats(self, people: List[int], limit: int) -> int: people.sort() boats = 0 i = 0 j = len(people) - 1 while i <= j: i = i + 1 if people[i] + people[j] <= limit else i boats += 1 j -= 1 return boats
I tried every which way to not have to sort the list for this. I tried crazy stuff like using a HashMap to store calculations but if there's a better performing solution where you don't have to sort the list first, I am not currently capable of figuring it out.
In the above solution, we first sort the people by weight, lightest to heaviest. Recall there was a requirement:
Each boat carries at most 2 people at the same time
This kind of makes our job easier since we only need to check if the heaviest person + the lightest person can fit. If
heaviest + lightest > limit then no other combination of
heaviest and anything else can work.
Given that fact, we look at the heaviest and lightest in each iteration. If they both fit, we count one boat. If not, heaviest gets their own boat because It is guaranteed each person can be carried by a boat. We keep the index at the lightest person if that's the case and check them with the next heaviest person.
log N here and we go over the list once more to count the boats giving
O(N log N).


text:
Cities in the USA
World-record Snowfalls During April
World Record 24-hour Snowfall at Silver Lake, Colorado
The greatest 24-hour snowfall officially measured in the world was the 75.8" that fell at Silver Lake, Colorado (in the mountains just west of Boulder) on April 14-15, 1921. The storm total was an amazing 95.0" over a 32½ hour period.
Storm precipitation (melted—in inches) total for Silver Lake event from April 1-15, 1921 Map from 'Monthly Weather Review', Feb. 1953, p. 39.
World-record Single Greatest Snowfall in the Sierra Nevada
The greatest single-storm snowfall on record in the world was 194" (over 16 feet!) that fell during a massive spring blizzard at the Sierra Nevada railway summit station of Norden over the four day period of April 20-23, 1880. Sacramento, California's capital city, received a record two-day rainfall of 8.37" during this event.
An historic photo of the Norden station during the winter of 1887.
World-record 19-hour Snowfall and European Record
Europe's greatest 24-hour snowfall happened at Bessans in the French Alps on April 5-6, 1959 when 67.8" accumulated in just 19 hours (a world record for a 19 hour period).
Bessans, France is a popular ski resort in the French Alps.
Some All-time Single-Greatest Storm Snowfall Records in the U.S.A. that occurred during April and May
The Southern Appalachians have also recorded some phenomenal late season snowfalls including a reported 60.0" accumulation at Newfound Gap, North Carolina on April 2-5, 1987 and, even more incredible, another 60.0" accumulation at Mount Pisgah, North Carolina on May 5-8, 1992!
Some Historic Pre-NWS Late Season Snowstorms
The May 4th Snowstorm in 1774
A general snowfall of around 4" occurred from northern Virginia to southern New England. Both Philadelphia and New York City reported "a considerable quantity of snow". Thomas Jefferson and George Washington both noted the event in their diaries.
The Great April Fools Day Snow of 1807
Probably the deepest April snowfall in modern history occurred on April 1, 1807 from Illinois to the Mid-Atlantic. The track of the storm was not the usual coastal nor'easter variety that normally produces great snows but rather the low moved northeast from the lower Tennessee Valley and across the mid-Atlantic states and offshore around New York City. To the north of the storm path incredible snowfalls were reported. The westernmost report we have came from Vincennes on the Illinois-Indiana border with an 11" accumulation but it was in Pennsylvania, New York and New England that astonishing snowfall was reported including: 52" at Montrose, Pennsylvania near Scranton; 54" at Utica, New York, 52" at Lunenburg, Vermont; 60" at Danville, Vermont; 48" at Montpelier, Vermont; and 42-48" at Norfolk, Connecticut.
The June 1816 Snows of the 'Year without Summer'
Most famous of all cold and snowy late season events would have to be the infamous 1816 'Year without Summer' and the snowfall in June that occurred in the eastern U.S. and Canada. On June 6th accumulating snow was observed as far south as the Catskills in New York (where one inch was reported) and highlands of central and northwest Pennsylvania. Snowflakes were seen at sea level as far south as ten miles north of tidewater on the Hudson River just north of New York City. The deepest accumulations were reported in the mountains of Vermont where drifts of 12-18" were measured. Quebec City in Canada reported 12" on level with drifts up to two feet deep.
The even Greater Snow of June 1842
It should be noted that June snowfall in the Northeast is not a unique event to 1816. On June 11, 1842 widespread snow fell over northern New York and New England and snowflakes were observed in Cleveland, Ohio; Boston, Massachusetts; and even Harrisburg, Pennsylvania (a low elevation site). Accumulations of 10-12" were common in Vermont, so this event was actually more extreme than the more famous snow of June 1816.
REFERENCE: Early American Winters: Vol 1: _PHONE_ and Vol 2: _PHONE_ by David M. Ludlum, American Meteorological Society, 1966, 1968.
Updated: 10:02 PM GMT on April 22, 2011
A A A
March 2011 Global Weather Extremes Summary
March 2011 Global Weather Extremes Summary
Extreme weather highlights for this past March include a stormy month in California, wild temperature swings in Asia with record rainfall in Thailand and relief from the prolonged drought in China.
Below are some of the month's highlights.
A series of powerful storms slammed California during the month resulting in 21 days of measureable precipitation in San Francisco and bringing the Sierra snowpack to its highest level since 1995. Seasonal snowfall at Donner Summit approached 740" by the end of the month (the record seasonal snowfall was 819" in _PHONE_). The 3-year-long drought emergency in California was officially rescinded.
Up to ten feet of snow buried the Soda Springs General Store and Post Office near California's Donner Summit the week ending March 28th. Photo by Rich Pedroncelli.
A sharp cold front passed over the Northeast on March 5-7 resulting in some wild temperature swings and heavy precipitation. In Houlton, Maine the temperature rose from -24°F on March 4 to 47°F on March 7 (an amazing 71°F rise!) and then dropped back to -4°F by March 9. One of the city's heaviest 3-day precipitation accumulations also resulted when 3.24" were measured March 5-7, mostly in the form of rain.
The Tampa-St. Petersburg metro area reported heavy flooding at the end of the month when 8.19" of rain fell March 28-31.
The coldest temperature in the Northern Hemisphere for the month was measured at Summit Station, Greenland on March 17 with a -77.8°F (-61.0°C) reading.
Torrential rain in the southern Brazilian states of Parana, Rio do Sul, and Santa Catarina resulted in severe flooding and mudslides March 11-14. At least 12 lives were lost and 2700 homes were destroyed leaving 8000 homeless.
Unusually warm weather towards the end of the month (15°F above normal) resulted in a deadly avalanche in the Swiss canton of Valais on March 25. Five skiers were killed while traversing a high altitude piste near the Great St. Bernard Pass.
An all-time national heat record was set for the Republic of Congo when the temperature reached 102.6°F (39.2°C) at Mpouya on March 8. The previous record was 102.2°F (39.0°C) at Impfondo on May 14, 2005. The capital city of Kinshasa may also have broken its all-time heat record with a 98.6°F (37.0°C) reading on March 28. The hottest temperature in the Northern Hemisphere and also for the whole world for the month of March was recorded at Kiffa, Mauritania on March 30th with a 114.8°F (46.0°C) reading. The hottest temperature for the month in the Southern Hemisphere was measured at Vioolsdrif, South Africa on March 1 when 111.9°F (44.4°C) was recorded.
Perhaps the most anomalous weather event of the month was the series of invasions of cold air into Southeast Asia during what is normally one of their hottest months of the year. On March 17th Bangkok recorded its coolest daytime high on record for any month when the temperature failed to rise above 68°F (normal high for the date was 93°F) at the Don Maung Airport location. Another cold blast at the end of the month brought a high of just 71°F on March 29th. The month ended up being the coldest March on record for the city. The invasion of cold air into the Gulf of Thailand resulted in phenomenal rainfall on the resort island of Ko Samui where 43.92" of rain fell during the single week of March 23-30. Of this, 16.33" fell on just March 28th possibly a national 24-hour record for rainfall for Thailand (another 7.72" fell the following day!). The worst flooding in many years killed at least 25 in the south of the country and hundreds of tourists had to be evacuated by air from some island resorts.
This NASA composed image of accumulated rainfall for the week ending March 30 indicates up to 48" of rainfall fell over Thailand's Kra Isthmus.
A flooded street on the tourist resort of Ko Samui on March 28th following the fall of 20" of rain in the previous 24 hours. Photo by Rungroj Yongrit.
Meanwhile, west of Southeast Asia, March was one of the hottest such on record for portions of Bangladesh and India. Mumbai (Bombay)


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The patella is the biggest sesamoid bone of the human frame located in front of the knee. Patellar fracture account for about one percent of all fractures and are most common within the age group of 20–50 years. Modified tension band wiring is the excellent for displaced transverse fractures. The principle of TBW is that tension forces at fracture site are converted to compression force.
Materials and Method: This is a prospective study. This study was carried out at Sri aurobindo medical college and Pg institute during the period of January 2020 to May 2021. The functional status of the knee was analyse. Open reduction and internal fixation of the fractures were done by modified tension band wiring within 1week of fracture.
Result: The mean age of the patients was 33.70 ± 6.73 years with a range from 23 to 49 years. There were 8 (40%) females and 12 (60%) males i, showing a male predominance. In 8 (40%) patients sustained injury due to fall and in 12 (60%) patients sustained injury due to road traffic accident.
Conclusion: The modified tension band wiring is simple with a short period of learning curve, safe, inexpensive and effective technique in transverse fracture of patella because of good stability of implant, early joint mobilization with minimum complications and with easier post-operative rehabilitation.


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Difference Between | Descriptive Analysis and Comparisons
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Asynchronous vs Synchronous
Difference between Asynchronous and Synchronous
Asynchronous and Synchronous are two different methods of transmission synchronization. The major difference between them lies in their transmission methods, i.e. Synchronous transmissions are synchronized by...
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text:
When an IRA participant dies, the post-death distribution rules for their IRA are dependent on many factors:
- Whether the participant died before or after he or she was required to begin receiving distributions from their IRA.
- Whether the participant had designated beneficiaries to receive distributions from their IRA following the participant's death.
- Whether a spouse or non-spouse was designated as the beneficiary of the IRA.
- Whether the participant designated multiple beneficiaries of the IRA.
Click on the following link to learn how post-death IRA distributions are affected by these factors – Required Minimum Distributions for IRA Beneficiaries
Paul J. Dunn, Attorney at Law
Arizona Estate & Trust Law, Plc
379 Summit Pointe Drive
Prescott, AZ 86303


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applicants attended school in their state of residency, whereas 17 percent went out-of-state. The mean MCAT verbal, physical science, biological science, and writing scores for 2005 applicants were 8.9, 9.1, 9.5, and P, respectively. As may be expected, the average MCAT verbal, physical science, biological science, and writing scores for accepted students were slightly higher at 9.7, 10.1, 10.4, and P, respectively. The average total GPA of applicants was 3.48, with a breakdown of an average science GPA of 3.37 and a non-science GPA of 3.60. For medical school matriculates, the average total GPA was 3.63, with a science GPA of 3.56 and a non-science GPA of 3.70.
Although all of these can numbers can seem daunting, we hope that you can use this basic information as a starting point as you consider how you can best market yourself to be accepted into the medical school that is the best fit for you.
All data is from the American Association of Medical Colleges web site: _URL_.
- Sarah Evans


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Sun canopies are very strong and durable as they have great longevity which ensures their installation in dry and hot climates. Asides these climates, they also remain installed in cold and damp environments. SUN CANOPY
A sun canopy ensures that one enjoys optimum ventilation while he is relaxing beneath it. Sun canopies are made with high quality fabric. These fabrics are very authentic and as a result of this, they are able to last for a very long period of time and also able to withstand harsh weather conditions. The fabrics makes sure cool and soothing air is able to pass through the shade and hence offer a comfortable, airy and optimum ventilated space.
A sun canopy helps to lower the temperature of the air and hence reduces the cooling cost of one's properties and consumption of energy. Sun canopies are quite beautiful and lovely as they are made in various wonderful designs and styles. Having a sun canopy would definitely beautify that surrounding.
If it is a home, office, church or any place, sun canopy would perform its primary function and also beautify that place. Family and friends could get to relax beneath and a sun canopy, gist, eat, drink and just have a nice time together.
Sun canopies come in various colors; hence people could purchase a sun canopy in terms of the color of their desire and the one that would match with décor of where the sun canopy would be placed. The basic function of the sun canopy is just to serve as a shade that would shade people from the sun while they are sitting outside.
There are some times when people would just want to enjoy the cool breeze and ventilation. During these moments, the scorching sun could serve as a deterrent to them having a comfortable time. This is why a sun canopy is very essential and important.
CONCLUSION: A sun canopy can be used anywhere as long as it is outside a building. Apart from people staying beneath a sun canopy, various other things like cars, plants and such other things that can be adversely affected by the high rate of sunlight could be kept beneath a sun canopy.


Out of the box, FluentValidation provides translations for the default validation messages in several languages. By default, the language specified in the.NET's framework's Current UI Culture will be used (CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture) when translating messages.
You can also use the WithMessage and WithLocalizedMessage methods to specify a localized error message for a single validation rule.
If you are using Visual Studio's built in support for resx files and their strongly-typed wrappers, then you can localize a message by calling the overload of WithMessage that accepts a lambda expression:
RuleFor(x => x.Surname).NotNull().WithMessage(x => MyLocalizedMessages.SurnameRequired);
You could also use the same approach if you need to obtain the localized message from another source (such as a database) by obtaining the string from within the lambda.
The above 2 examples assume you're using a strongly-typed wrapper around a resource file, where each static property on the class corresponds to a key within the resourece file. This is the "old" way of working with resources prior to ASP.NET Core, but is not relevant if you're using ASP.NET Core's IStringLocalizer.
If you are using IStringLocalizer to handle localization then all you need to do is inject your localizer into your validator, and use it within a WithMessage callback, for example:
public class PersonValidator : AbstractValidator {
 public PersonValidator(IStringLocalizer localizer) {
 RuleFor(x => x.Surname).NotNull().WithMessage(x => localizer["Surname is required"]);
Default Messages
If you want to replace all (or some) of FluentValidation's default messages then you can do this by implementing a custom version of the ILanguageManager interface.
For example, the default message for the NotNull validator is '{PropertyName}' must not be empty.. If you wanted to replace this message for all uses of the NotNull validator in your application, you could write a custom Language Manager:
public class CustomLanguageManager : FluentValidation.Resources.LanguageManager {
 public CustomLanguageManager() {
 AddTranslation("en", "NotNullValidator", "'{PropertyName}' is required.");
Here we have a custom class that inherits from the base LanguageManager. In its constructor we call the AddTranslation method passing in the language we're using, the name of the validator we want to override, and the new message.
Once this is done, we can replace the default LanguageManager by setting the LanaguageManager property in the static ValidatorOptions class during your application's startup routine:
ValidatorOptions.Global.LanguageManager = new CustomLanguageManager();
This is a simple example that only replaces one validator's message in English only, but could be extended to replace the messages for all languages. Instead of inheriting from the default LanguageManager, you could also implement the ILanguageManager interface directly if you want to load the messages from a completely different location other than the FluentValidation default (for example, if you wanted to store FluentValidation's default messages in a database).
Of course, if all you want to do is replace this message for a single use of a validator, then you could just use WithMessage("'{PropertyName}' is required");
Contributing Languages
If you'd like to contribute a translation of FluentValidation's default messages, then I'd be very grateful! Please open a pull request that adds a language file to the project and I'll happily merge it in. The current language files are located in the GitHub repository.
The default English messages are stored here
Disabling Localization
You can completely disable FluentValidation's support for localization, which will force the default English messages to be used, regardless of the thread's CurrentUICulture. This can be done in your application's startup routine by calling into the static ValidatorOptions class:
ValidatorOptions.Global.LanguageManager.Enabled = false;
You can could also force the default messages to always be displayed in a specific language:
ValidatorOptions.Global.LanguageManager.Culture = new CultureInfo("fr");


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Music : Yaporigami
Visual : Kezzardrix
installation piece for audio-visual exhibition "Chromesthesia"
We will challenge to present a work focusing on the collapse and formation of rhythm by music and images. The Gestalt collapse is known as a both auditory and visual phenomenon in which you lose cognition of 'form' such as rhythms once properly recognised. In ancient Greece, the rhythm was called rhythmos which refers to the formation of 'forms' in a wide range of fields including placement of objects and/or establishment of humanity. When recognising the rhythm, the human nature or personal emotions can be evoked. When losing the rhythm, those are put in an ambiguous state until new 'form' can be found. Fluctuation on this boundary has a mysterious charm. Through the collapse and formation of rhythm on the time axis, we would like to question how ambiguous our perceptions are.
Curator: YEH Ting-Hao
Exhibition Dates： 2018-09-01 ~ 2018-11-18
Place： Digiark Gallery


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Your phone might know better than you do:
Just by analyzing the calling patterns, the researchers could accurately label two people as friends or nonfriends more than 95% of the time. But the results, published online today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, show that the mobile phone data were better at predicting friendship than the subjects themselves. Thirty-two pairs of subjects switched from calling each other acquaintances to friends in the traditionally gathered survey data. These are most likely new relationships that formed during the course of the study, say the researchers, and they left a clear signal in the mobile phone data. Friends call each other far more often than acquaintances do when they are off-campus and during weekends. The pattern is so distinct that the researchers spotted budding friendships in the phone data months before the people themselves called themselves friends.
Finally, the team compared people's self-reported job satisfaction with their networks of friendship at their workplaces. Because the mobile phones kept track of people's proximity to each other, the researchers had a clear measure of people's daily contact with friends at work, not only through calls but through physical proximity. As predicted, the more contact people had with friends at their workplace, the more highly they rated their job satisfaction. And conversely, the less face-to-face contact people had with friends at work, the less they said they enjoyed it.
…at MIT, scientists who tracked student cellphones during the latest presidential election were able to deduce that two people were talking about politics, even though the researchers didn't know the content of the conversation. By analyzing changes in movement and communication patterns, researchers could also detect flu symptoms before the students themselves realized they were getting sick.
"Phones can know," said Dr. Pentland, director of MIT's Human Dynamics Laboratory, who helped pioneer the research. "People can get this god's-eye view of human behavior."
So far, these studies only scratch the surface of human complexity. Researchers are already exploring ways that the information gleaned from mobile phones can improve public health, urban planning and marketing. At the same time, researchers believe their findings hint at basic rules of human interaction, and that poses new challenges to notions of privacy.
"We have always thought of individuals as being unpredictable," said Johan Bollen, an expert in complex networks at Indiana University. "These regularities [in behavior] allow systems to learn much more about us as individuals than we would care for."
Of course, companies are very interested in this data:
Cellphone providers are openly exploring other possibilities. By mining their calling records for social relationships among customers, several European telephone companies discovered that people were five times more likely to switch carriers if a friend had already switched, said Mr. Eagle, who works with the firms. The companies now selectively target people for special advertising based on friendships with people who dropped the service.
And some of the results are downright unnerving:
After analyzing more than 16 million records of call date, time and position, the researchers determined that, taken together, people's movements appeared to follow a mathematical pattern. The scientists said that, with enough information about past movements, they could forecast someone's future whereabouts with 93.6% accuracy.
The pattern held true whether people stayed close to home or traveled widely, and wasn't affected by the phone user's age or gender.
A few other interesting tidbits:
- They may be making us more selfish, however. Our phones can fulfill our need for human contact, making us less inclined to go out of our way to help others.
- These devices can distract us so much we don't notice the world around us — even if it contains unicycling clowns. (To be fair, people may actually like us better when we are distracted during a conversation.)
- We've become so addicted to our phones that two-thirds of users report hearing "phantom ringing".
- We rely so much on these devices that a third of people under 30 can't remember their home phone numbers — if they have one at all.
- By stripping away the emotional information in faces and intonation, text messaging might be simulating autism.
- Soon there will be more "booty texts" than "booty calls". (iPhone users are more promiscuous, by the way.)
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An A-Z Guide To The Search For Plato's Atlantis
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Meizon is given the sole meaning of 'greater' in the respected Greek Lexicon of Liddell & Scott. Furthermore, in Bury's translation of sections 20e -26a of Timaeus there are eleven instances of Plato using megas (great) meizon (greater) or megistos (greatest). In all cases great or greatest is employed except just one, 24e, which uses the comparative meizon, which Bury translated as 'larger'! J.Warren Wells concluded that Bury's translation in this single instance is inconsistent with his other treatments of the word and it does not fit comfortably with the context[787.85]. This inconsistency is difficult to accept, so although meizon can have a secondary meaning of 'larger' it is quite reasonable to assume that the primary meaning of 'greater' was intended.
*In 2006, on a now defunct website of his, Wells noted that Greater can mean larger, but this meaning is by no means the only possible meaning here; his overall usage of the word may show he meant greater in some other way."*
It is also worth considering that Alexander the Great, (Aléxandros ho Mégas) was so called, not because of his physical size, apparently he was short of stature, but because he was a powerful leader.
The word has entered Atlantis debates in relation to its use in Timaeus 24e ', where Plato describes Atlantis as 'greater' than Libya and Asia together and until recently has been most frequently interpreted to mean greater 'in size', an idea that I previously endorsed. However, some researchers have suggested that he intended to mean greater 'in power'.
Other commentators do not seem to be fully aware that 'Libya' and 'Asia' had completely different meanings at the time of Plato. 'Libya' referred to part or all of North Africa, west of Egypt, while 'Asia' was sometimes applied to Lydia, a small kingdom in what is today Turkey. Incidentally, Plato's statement also demonstrates that Atlantis could not have existed in either of these territories as 'a part cannot be greater than the whole.'
A more radical, but less credible, interpretation of Plato's use of 'meizon' came from the historian P.B.S. Andrews, who suggested that the quotation has been the result of a misreading of Solon's notes. He maintained that the text should be read as 'midway between Libya and Asia' since in the original Greek there is only a difference on one letter between the words for midway (meson) and larger than (meizon). This suggestion was supported by the classical scholar J.V. Luce and more recently on Marilyn Luongo's website(a). This interpretation is quite interesting, particularly if the Lydian explanation of 'Asia' mentioned above is correct. Viewed from either Athens or Egypt we find that Crete is located 'midway' between Lydia and Libya.
In relation to all this , Felice Vinci has explained that ancient mariners measured territory by the length of its coastal perimeter, a method that was in use up to the time of Columbus. This would imply that the island of Atlantis was relatively modest in extent – I would speculate somewhere between the size of Cyprus and Sardinia. An area of such an extent has never been known to have been destroyed by an earthquake.
Until the 21st century, it was thought by many that meizon must have referred to the physical size of Atlantis rather than its military power. However, having read a paper[750.173] delivered by Thorwald C. Franke to the 2008 Atlantis Conference, I was persuaded otherwise. His explanation is that "for Egyptians the world of their 'traditional' enemies was divided in two: To the west there were the Libyans, to the east there were the Asians. If an Egyptian scribe wanted to say, that an enemy was more dangerous than the 'usual' enemies, which was the case with the Sea Peoples' invasion, then he would have most probably said, that this enemy was "more powerful than Libya and Asia put together".
This is a far more elegant and credible explanation than any reference to physical size, which forced researchers to seek lost continental sized land masses and apparently justified the negativity of sceptics. Furthermore, it reinforces the Egyptian origin of the Atlantis story, demolishing any claim that Plato concocted the whole tale. If it had been invented by Plato he would probably have compared Atlantis to enemy territories nearer to home, such as the Persians.
This interpretation of meizon has now been 'adopted' by Frank Joseph in The Destruction of Atlantis[102.82], but without giving any due credit to Franke(b). No surprise there.!
(b) (offline Jan. 2018) See: Archive 2349