What Is Blitzscaling And Why It Matters
Blitzscaling is a business concept and a book written by Reid Hoffman (LinkedIn Co-founder) and Chris Yeh. At its core, the concept of Blitzscaling is about growing at a rate that is so much faster than your competitors, that make you feel uncomfortable. In short, Blitzscaling is prioritizing speed over efficiency in the face of uncertainty.
Origin of the name
Blitzscaling is prioritizing speed over efficiency in the face of uncertainty.
The name Blitzscaling comes from a World War II association with the term "blitzkrieg" or lightning war, where the attacker risks it all to either win or lose the battle.
Understanding Blitzscaling might means having a framework that can help your small organization to scale up or your large company to also benefit from a new and reinvigorated acceleration, which is critical to survival in a market that changes at a faster pace.
Let's start from what's Blitzscaling is not.
Course: Business Model Innovation Flagship Course
Blitzscaling is not growth hacking
Confusing Blitzscaling with growth hacking might be easy. There is a critical difference. Blitzscaling looks at massive growth which is also accompanied by high uncertainty. As pointed out by Reid Hoffman in an HBR interview:
Therefore three features of Blitzscaling are:
 - grow really quickly
 - usually at a global scale
 - gain the first mover of scale advantage
Thus, rather than a process of experimentation with the aim of testing what works and what doesn't efficiently, Blitzscaling is about being all in!
Blitzscaling is not a magic formula
Rather than a magic formula that works in each scenario, Blitzscaling follows a framework that revolves around three key ingredients:
Those three key ingredients of Blitzscaling.
What's Blitzscaling then? There are a few key elements I think are worth highlighting.
Related: Successful Types of Business Models You Need to Know
Speed in the face of efficiency
This is a critical difference between scale-up and Blitzscale. The former happens in a scenario of certainty and efficiency.
You allocated the resources necessary to test what works and what doesn't with fewer assumptions as possible.
You have wider margins to test those things up to focus on what works. In a way instead, Blitzscaling is about survival.
Thus, max speed is everything, because if you don't reach the scale, you might be dead any time soon. That is why efficiency takes a back seat.
Blitzscaling is an uncertain process
As Blitzscaling is an uncertain process, it might also require massive resources as it is a sort of calculated gamble where many mistakes will be made.
Capital will be a crucial element to recover from those mistakes. Making a mistake, also big ones are part of Blitzscaling. In short, those who take the risks of Blitzscaling are able to also amass the rewards by building multi-billion companies at a global scale.
The reward is the first-scaler advantage
One key reward of Blitzscaling is the first-scaler advantage. The first who succeed at Blitzscaling take all or most of the market which gives them a lasting advantage hard to overcome.
What are the stages of Blitzscaling?
The main stages of Blitzscaling usually are:
 - Family-scale, up to 9 employees
 - Tribe, defined in 10s employees
 - Village in 100s of employees
 - City: in 1000s of employees
 - Nation: in 10,000s employees
While this is a simplification, it is crucial to understand that a company which is Blitzscaling will go through several stages, each of which has differentiating features. For instance, in some stages financing might be the most important aspect, while in others building the winning team is.
Course: Business Model Innovation Flagship Course
Blitzscaling Business Model Innovation Canvas
FourWeekMBA readapted the concept of Blitzscaling to a business canvas, which is a particular process of massive growth under uncertainty that prioritizes speed over efficiency and focuses on market domination to create a first-scaler advantage in a scenario of uncertainty.
Among the three key ingredients to Blitzscaling, there is business model innovation (actually the most critical element).
According to this framework, business model innovation can be achieved based on a few vital components made of four growth factors and two growth limiters.
A glance at the four key growth factors
The four growth factors are:
Market size
How large is the market you're targeting when Blitzscaling? Is it really reachable?
A big market is a critical ingredient for a Blitzscaling business model. This market has to be large enough and reachable. A large market has to be taken into account based on the context. Indeed, launching and scaling a startup in Silicon Valley is not the same as doing it in Italy or Spain.
In general, as pointed out in the book (Blitzscaling: The Lightning-Fast Path to Building Massively Valuable Companies) venture capitalists are usually looking for investments that are returning many times over and can achieve a venture scale. This often implies targeting a market that often is as large as a billion-dollar in annual sales.
Are there existing networks you can leverage on? What viral loops can you create to spread your product/service quickly and at scale?
Often, when you are the incumbent in a new space those who already have an established brand and network, are probably your best option to start.
This concept known in growth hacking as other people's network is the perfect place to start. One classic example is how Airbnb leveraged on Craiglist to gain initial traction.
Another critical ingredient is about virality and how you can instill it in your product. Usually, virality is achieved via a freemium pattern where a product or part of it is given for free to allow a cheaper and quicker distribution.
High gross margins
When you grow your revenues, do you generate larger amounts of cash available to finance growth
A gross margin or gross profit is merely the revenues left after subtracting the cost of sales (or the costs you have to sustain to generate the sale).
This metric is fundamental when looking at tech companies as it determines their cost structure and whether they can be financially viable in the long run.
A high gross margin implies that the company will have enough resources to invest even further in the scale of the business. If you look at the Google cost structure and Google business model, you realize how it is engineered to have high gross margins.
Facebook is even a better example with higher gross margins than Google; given the Facebook low cost of traffic acquisition, this social network is a money-making machine. That money is used to keep growing at a fast pace.
Network effects
A network effect is a phenomenon in which as more people or users join a platform, the more the value of the service offered by the platform improves for those joining afterward.
Is each additional user joining in bringing a positive effect to the whole platform?
A critical element of an innovative business model built on technological products and services is based on the network effect. This principle is simple yet powerful.
For each user that joins and uses a product or service, the value of the same product or service will improve for the other users on the platform.
The two growth limiters
The two growth limiters are:
Lack of product/market fit
Is the market satisfied with your product/service? If not what is that it's missing?
Product/market fit is a well-known concept by anyone who has a minimum of experience in the startup world, and yet that is often misunderstood.
For instance, in general, the product/market fit aims at coming up with a minimum viable product (MVP) that solves a need for a group of people. That MVP will allow an organization to gather more and more feedback about the product and improve it over time.
Another school of thought wants the product/market fit more focus on achieving an EVP (exceptional viable product). In short, according to this way of thinking of product/market fit, you have achieved that once you have an exceptional product that leaves your audience extremely happy.
While this is a great alternative to traditional MVP, probably not the best suited for the Blitzscaling business model canvas, in the Blitzscaling business model canvas, a "good enough" product might do the job. Indeed, that product, together with distribution will allow us to scale up.
Operational scalability
Are your operations sustainable at meeting the demand for your product/service? Are your revenues growing faster than your expenses?
When you keep growing at a fast pace, often profitability becomes hard to manage. Indeed, focusing too much attention on growth and revenue, but not having enough margins to cover up for the infrastructural cost and human resources might be a big problem and cause of failure for the business.
That is why a business model that doesn't make sense from the operational standpoint is doomed to collapse overtime!
Key takeaway
There isn't a single way to define what a business model is. For the sake of this discussion, we took into account the Blitzscaling business model canvas.
In short, this is a one-page framework I put together, inspired by the book Blitzscaling: The Lightning-Fast Path to Building Massively Valuable Companies which gives an alternative way to define a business model.
More precisely that is – in my own words – a process of massive growth under uncertainty and that prioritizes speed over efficiency and focuses on market domination to create a first-scaler advantage in a scenario of uncertainty.
This business model can be engineered and designed or figured out along the way.
Ideally designing it would be best as it allows to integrate within it four key growth factors (market size, distribution, high gross margins, and network effects) and avoid the two key growth limiters (


text:
A transwarp theory or a transwarp equation was the theoretical model of a transwarp application in technology.
A transwarp theory on transwarp beaming was an equation originally postulated by Starfleet officer Montgomery Scott in the mid-23rd century, whereby it was possible to beam an object or person from one planet to an adjacent one, from one star system to another, or even to a starship traveling at high warp. By 2387, Scott had perfected his equations to a functioning technology. (Star Trek; Star Trek Into Darkness)
|aperture • beaming • chamber • coil • computer • conduit • drive • factor • hub • network • probe • signal • signature • space • theory • threshold|

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
BY JOACHIM BAMRUD
Despite growing populism and political tensions, Latin America is becoming more globalized, according to the 2006 Latin American Globalization Index from Latin Business Chronicle. But Brazil, Latin America's largest economy, managed to become the least-globalized economy in the region.
The index of 19 countries looks at six factors that measure a country's links with the outside world:
- Exports of goods and services as a percent of GDP.
- Imports of goods and services as a percent of GDP.
- Foreign direct investment as a percent of GDP.
- Tourism receipts as a percent of GDP.
- Remittances as a percent of GDP.
- Internet penetration.
Panama cemented its position as the most globalized country, while Brazil replaced Argentina...


text:
At the core of the CEUKF is the concept of Sustainable Efficient Production. This implies production of food and other agricultural products which at the same time meets both the needs for quantitative and qualitative supply, whilst minimising negative impacts on the environment and on the availability of resources.
Our aim is to promote and highlight research and knowledge on improving sustainability whilst increasing output in farming and food production.
We believe one key target should be the development of accessible, easy-to-use tools and indicators to allow farmers and food supply chains to adopt optimum practices and benchmark their achievements. To this end we are developing a Sustainable Efficient Production index, SEPi


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When your investigation is complete, it is sent to a Central Adjudications Facility (CAF). An adjudicator at a CAF will review all of the information, both "good" and "bad" (remember, the "whole person") and assess it the information against the Federal Adjudicative Guidelines to decide if you're eligible for a clearance or position of trust.
- If no significant adverse information turns up, you'll be granted a clearance eligibility at the level requested by your agency.
- If significant, adverse material develops, it could mean that your case will be delayed until additional information is gathered and facts are verified. Ultimately, you may be denied a clearance.
Adjudication is the decision whether to grant or deny/revoke either a clearance or the eligibility to perform sensitive duties based upon the investigative evidence.
During the adjudication process, adjudicators use a "whole person" concept in determining whether a clearance or eligibility is to be granted. They carefully weigh the information that has been gathered during investigation, favorable and unfavorable, past and present. The employee's strengths are evaluated to determine whether these strengths outweigh any weaknesses. Each case is judged on its own merit.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Build a Low Cost Wheeled Robot Toy
Introduction: Build a Low Cost Wheeled Robot Toy
About: Just a hobbyist...
In this instructable, lets make a simple low cost wheeled robot toy that you can make for yourself or your kids. I can guarantee you, your kids will remember it for life that you made a toy for them. Toy will look something like attached image and you will drive it through a controller with two switches.
Let's get started.
To make a wheeled robot, you are going to need following parts.
 1. A chassis or body to hold everything together.
 - We will use cardboard for this purpose, this will also help us in keeping the cost low.
 2. Wheels and motor to drive them, this includes balance or castor wheels(it is third wheel that provide balance to the robot).
 3. A motor driver to interface motors with rest of the electronics safely.
 4. Batteries and power regulators.
 - We will use 6 AA battery cells to power this toy and we will need a cell holder.
Step 1: Video
Take a look at quick fun video for the view of complete process.
Step 2: First Create the Body
The body holds the robot together, it is fundamental to the decision of how robot is made. We will be using cardboard as the body/chassis of toy as it is cheap and easily available.
Here are little steps to create body for the toy-
 1. Cut a cardboard to the dimension of 11 cm by 13 cm, you can use simple paper cutter or a scissor.
 2. If not already done purchase 2 plastic gear DC motor using link in the supplies.
 3. Use any adhesive like hot glue or Fevicol to adhere plastic gear motors to the cardboard, paste them towards the edges of one side with motor axis pointing outside as shown in attached image or video in previous step.
 4. Use adhesive to paste castor wheel at the center of tow motors at the opposite end, as shown in the attached image.
 5. Attach wheels to the shaft of motors, shafts are tapered on side for wheels to fit properly.
That's it, this should make one strong cheap body for the toy.
Step 3: Power for the Toy
Robot needs power for the motors to function. DC motor i.e. Direct Current motor gets actuated once a constant voltage is applied between its terminals. If the terminals are reversed, motor reverses its direction.
We will use 6 AA battery cells to power up this toy, get yourself a 6 AA battery cell holder with a DC jack and place 6 AA cells in it. You should get a voltage of around 9 volt across this battery holder.
Step 4: Power on the Body
Follow below mentioned steps to attach battery pack to the body of the toy.
 1. Paste double sided tape on the back of battery pack.
 2. Peal off the cover on double sided tape and paste the battery pack towards the motor end of the toy.
 3. Cut a small cardboard of the size of battery pack.
 4. Paste double sided tape on one side of the small cardboard.
 5. Peal off the cover on double sided tape and paste the cardboard on top of the battery pack.
Step 5: Motor Controller
Motor controller allows us to control the motor i.e. it helps us stop and move the motor. There are many DC motor control modules available in market. They tend to have two channels to control 2 motors. Cheap ones tend to be based on L293D chips. We will be using an L293D based break out module for this purpose and attach a female barrel jack. Attached images contain the schematic and implementation of the same using a breadboard and the driver module. You will need few male to female jumper wires to implement the circuitry.
Once the circuit is implemented, Use a double sided tape to adhere driver module on top of the battery pack. Put a double sided tape under small bread board too.
Step 6: Connect Motors to the Driver
Motor driver will have contact points for connecting to motors, normally they are in the form of screw terminal. Connect motor to the driver module and secure them using a screw driver.
Step 7: Remote for the Toy (part 1/2)
To drive around the toy car we need a remote. For this toy car we will design a wired remote. Follow below mentioned steps to create parts of the remote.
 1. Get 4 wires of at-least 1 meter in length.
 2. Peal off their ends using a wire stripper.
 3. Attach them to a Single Pole Single Throw switch.
 4. Use solder to secure the connections.
Step 8: Remote for the Toy (part 2/2)
Once the switch is connected to long wires.
 1. Cut out a piece of cardboard to look like a house with 2 windows of the size of switch.:)
 2. Pass switch wires through these holes.
 3. Fix switches in the holes.
Once done connect switch to the bread board according to the attached schematic and power up the toy by connecting battery pack to the motor driver.
Step 9: Thats It
Your toy is ready, play with it and let me know how was the experience.
let me know if you have any doubts.
Thanks for reading and happy making.
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Best Answer
First, you would have to be sure that the knocking sound is due to the water. Water in the intake often results in 'hydrostatic lock' of an engine; that is, the water fills the cylinder(s) and makes it impossible for the pistons to move. This result in damage to throw rods/lifters or valves which could cause noise. If your engine is running, you aren't locked per se but you can make sure there is no water in there by removing your spark plugs and turning the starter over several times. This will give the cylinders a chance to eliminate the water by pressurizing the cylinder and shooting the water out of the spark plug holes. Then you can spray pressurized air into the holes to dry them out, check your plugs, take the opportunity to clean and gap the old plugs or put in new plugs, replace and start the car. If the noise persists you may need to remove the valve head cover and inspect your valves - you may also be able to visually inspect your throw rods or lifters. Make sure you have an appropriate gasket sealer on hand (I use RTV sealer) to replace the cover once done - you may also have to replace the gasket if it is damaged when you remove it. I strongly suggest you buy the appropriate Chilton's or other guide for your specific vehicle before you start taking stuff apart. If you feel at all less than fully confident in your mechanic skills, consider a professional mechanic.
2006-08-15 05:01:12
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Q: What could cause a low knocking sound in your engine after water has gone into the intake?
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Related Questions
What would cause a loud knocking noise coming from the engine at 70 mph and make the truck shake very badly?
Having a bad rod bearing could cause a truck to make a loud knocking noise and shake when driving at high speeds. The engine having a coolant leak or an engine timing problem could also cause the knocking noise.
What does it mean when your engine has a knocking noise?
When your engine has a knocking noise, it could mean that a rod has been thrown. It could also mean you are low on oil.
Engine knocking till warmed up on 04 5.3L Chevy Tahoe?
The engine on your 04 5.3L Chevy Tahoe could be knocking until it warmed up because of a bad fuel-air mixture.. The wrong oil could also be a cause.
There is a knocking noise in the motor of my 1992 town and country. Could this be the transmission going?
NO. A knocking noise in the engine is a problem in the engine.
What would cause a 300 CI 6cyl to Knock in a 1985 F150?
if the engine is knocking you could have bad support bushings for the mouter mounts or your engine could be warped do to excessive heat wear
Can an oil pan drain gasket cause a engine to start knocking and cause a good engine to go bad if placed on the car wrong?
It could be the cause of the knock only if the gasket was bad and leaked out almost all the oil.
What could cause knocking on the passenger rear side of a rear wheel drive car?
u knocking on it
What could cause a knocking come clicking sound under the dashboard without the engine started and just the electrics on?
if you have an electrical fuel pump can sometimes do that
How knocking occurs?
Many things actually, like not taking care of your vehicle and letting the oil in it get bad, which could cause the engine to blow up!
What would cause antifreeze to run out from engine block 1998 chey silverado 350 engine?
it could be a head leaking or the intake manifold, if its coming from the very top its most likely the intake manifold gasket
Could a slack tensioning belt cause loud knocking sound?
What is the cause of a coolant leak on top of a 1997 Taurus 3.0 engine?
If you have coolant on the top of the engine it could be a leaky thermostat housing or a leaking intake gasket.
What causes a knocking noise under the hood of your car?
it could be your valves or your engine
How come my 94 ford mustang has a knocking tapping sound coming from the intake manifold what in the heck could it be?
generally it isn't really coming from the intake rather it is echoing from the engine through components into the intake. the intake is hollow so it echoes most sounds making it seem noises come from the intake when most of the time it's not the part making noise. check your oil level. if you have OHC's that could be a next place to check
If the engine is making a 'knocking' sound could it have been damaged due to the heater core going out in a 1996 Buick Skylark?
What would cause a Knocking noise 4.3 ltr?
The thing that could cause a knocking noise in your car is the same thing that could cause it in all cars A rod that or a flat lifter. it all really depends on where the knock is if its higher and to the back of the motor, it could be a motor mount
What octane does 2008 sts with northstar use?
The owner's manual suggests a rating of 91 octane and further comments that 87 can be used but could cause knocking in the engine.
You were told that when you take off the intake you are supposed to change the oil you failed to change the oil and now a lifter is knocking Could this cause you to not have any power?
Why yes. Loss of compression in that cylinder that has noisy lifter.
1999 Chevy blazer there is a knocking coming from the engine when it is in idle and when you accelerate the knocking gets louder and faster. What could cause this to happen?
My 99 sonoma had a knock and it was a wrist pin in the engine, my 99 jimmy fuel injection leaked gas in the engine oil and caused the main bearings to fail because of lack of proper lubrication.
The engine is making a knocking noise what could it be?
Depends on the sound of the knock. Could be main bearings or rod bearings.
What all can cause your truck to burn water out the exhaust?
It could just be condensation which forms in the exhaust system outside of the engine, or you could be leaking coolant into your engine (typically via the head or intake manifold gasket).
What could cause a severe oil leak below the valve covers on a Ford 302?
intake gasket on rear of engine on top between intake and block 302's leak there alot
Why does your car make a knocking sound when you drive?
Could be a rod knock. Your bearings slipping in the engine.
When does engine knocking occur?
Engine knocking occurs in a vehicle when there are misfires in the spark plug ignition causing an air/fuel mixture to explode outside the envelope of the normal combustion front. This condition could be very damaging to an engine if not checked by a mechanic.


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You can automatically detect scene changes in footage that does not have an EDL, such as archived material. Once SpeedGrade has identified scene changes, you can add keyframes to scene changes, or split your footage up into separate clips.
The workflow consists of the following steps:
- Detect the scene changes.
- Prepare the footage for grading or editing.
- Save or export the footage.
After marking your scene changes, prepare the footage for grading or editing as follows:
- To separate the footage into individual shots or scenes, click Split into Clips.
- To flag the scene changes, click Add Keyframes to Clip.
Once you split into clips or add keyframes, you can save the scene-detected content as a SpeedGrade project or create an Edit Decision List (EDL).
In the Setup Panel under the Timeline tab, do one of the following:
- To save the content as a SpeedGrade project, click Save IRCP.
- To export an Edit Decision List, click Save EDL.


IP Precedence and DSCP Values
Dear Rene,
Your topic make me better, I'm still confusing some more:
 1. What is the relationship between Class-Selector PHB and AF/EF PHB? do you have to choose one of them when you talk to device?
 2. When we use Class-Selector PHB, we only use three first bits of DS field. Am I right?
 3. AF PHB same as CS1 to CS4 but AF PHB uses more 3 bits for Drop Probability?
 4. EF PHB same as CS5, CS6, CS7? If that, no have any priority among CS5 and CS6 and CS7?
Hello Thejohn
The definition of these two PHBs is such that both older devices, which only "understand" IP Precedence and newer devices that support AF and EF can coexist on the network. Older devices would only take into account the first three bits in the DS field and ignore all the rest. The devices that understand AF and EF take the additional bits into account and apply the classes and drop probabilities using 6 bits instead of 3. This way, any packet that arrives on either an older or newer device can still be processed based on the markings and based on the capabilities of the device in question.
So you don't choose which to use, but the capabilities of the device you are configuring dictates which bits will be taken into account.
Yes that is correct.
Yes. If a device takes the drop probability into account, it will use that information. If it cannot read such information, it will ignore it. But AF does only use the values associated with CS1 to CS4.
EF is the same as CS5 only. If you get a packet with CS6 or CS7, then it will be dealt with only using Class-Selector PHB mechanisms.
I hope this has been helpful!
I keep seeing Rene saying " they are just markings and it's up to you to configure your routers/switches to act upon these different markings." is this mean the dropping probability on the classes and priority by RFC we don't have to take it in the consideration and focus more on the action that we all apply for each marking? meaning in reality af21 no difference af31 just depends on the action in the policy map that I will apply on, is the ef queue is different than other marking? please, let me know I'm confused a little bit here??
please, I saw also some configuration is mixing up cs and af is this normal? like
class-map match-any ABC
 match dscp cs3
 match dscp cs6
 match dscp af31
Hello Samer
You can mark your traffic with various DSCP markings such as af21 and af31 as you mention. But if you don't configure your routers to respond to such markings, nothing will happen. The traffic will just be served on a first come first serve basis. The RFC mentions how each DSCP value should be dealt with, however, the configuration of such mechanisms are up to the administrator of the network itself.
Yes, this is absolutely correct.
Yes this is normal. Standard DSCP values include AF, CS and EF codes. These can be found at the following link where the specific DSCP values are also indicated:
I hope this has been helpful!
Hi Lazaros,
I understood what Precedence is and also Differentiated services but after that I am totally confused about the remaining.
If possible please simply it to me.
Hello Muhammad
The rest of the lesson deals with Per Hop Behaviour. Essentially, this just refers to the way or the behaviour with which each router (per hop) will deal with a packet when it receives it based on the code point values found within the DS field. So when we talk about PHB it really means how the router will handle the particular packet compared to all the rest it receives whenever there is congestion.
The default PHB has a DSCP value of zero or 000000. Such packets are treated as best effort, meaning, first come first serve. No special treatment or priority is given to theses.
The next three sections simply talk about ways in which the DS field is used and interpreted.
Class-Selector PHB is a way in which the new structure of the field can be compatible with the old IP Precedence structure described earlier in the article. Class selector PHB separates the DS field into two 3-bit sections. The first three bits are only used, just like in IP Precedence, thus making it compatible.
Assured Forwarding PHB is a set of predefined DSCP values that are placed into four queues (or classes) with three levels of drop precedence. This just means that there are three different levels that packets can be defined with that will either make the eligible to be dropped (or not) if congestion occurs. These are simply another set of defined parameters.
Expedited forwarding PHB is just an additional construct that is used to mark packets that are sent into a priority queue, this is a queue in addition to the other four mentioned in Assured Forwarding PHB. Packets marked with EF (or 101110 in binary) will be placed into this priority queue to be sent before all other queues.
These are just definitions of how the specific field in the IP packet is being used and interpreted. They are predefined methodologies of applying QoS to packets that correspond to specific values in the DSCP field.
I hope this has been helpful!
1 Like
In DS field drop
Class 1.2.3.4
What's AF11, AF21& etc and 6 binary numbers? I can't understand it
AF21 = 010010
32 16 8 4 2 1
0 1 0 0 1 0
16+2 = 18. It,s not 21 i'm confused
Hello Abdul
The designation of the various AF values allows for a specific method of classification. The classes (first three bits) are separated into 4 and each class has a different drop probability (second three bits). All of this however simply translates into a six bit number which can be expressed either as a decimal or using the AF notation.
In the lesson, Rene states that the AF values can be converted to their decimal values by using the forumla:
decimal value = 8x + 2y where X=class value and Y=drop value.
So in your case of AF21 which is 010010, we have X = 010 or 2 in decimal and Y = 010 or 2 in decimal once again.
So the decimal value of AF21 = 8 * 2 + 2 * 2 = 20
Note here that the resulting decimal value has nothing to do with the number after the "AF" designation. The AFXY designation simply shows the position of the Assured Forwarding (AF) definition in the table. Take a look at the table again:
Notice AF22 is in class 2 (column 2) and drop medium (row 2). AF 43 is in class 4 (column 4) drop high (row 3).
So for AFXY, X=class and Y=drop precedence. This is also confirmed in RFC3260.
I hope this has been helpful!
Hi Team,
Very well explained as are all the lessons I've looked at so far. I am confused about something though regarding the AF marking. I am reading in some places that AF1 has less priority than AF4 and in other places I am reading that there is no preferential treatment for an AF class over another. So for instance, in one network AF4 could be more important than AF1 but then passing to another router in a different network, AF1 could more more important than AF4.
Could you just clarify for me please.
Hello Shaun
You must remember that all of these values found within the DS field are simply markings within the IP header. What a device does with them and how it interprets them are up to the administrator of the particular network through which they are being transmitted.
For example, a packet may traverse various networks that are administrated by separate entities.
One such network may be configured to provide higher priority to AF1 than AF4, another a higher priority to AF4 rather than AF1, and another network may ignore these markings all together. The Assured Forwarding PHB definitions do however have an expected default behaviour of vendor equipment for such markings, and these are described in RFC 2597. This document is actually quite an easy read, and describes how these classes are expected to be dealt with by default.
I hope this has been helpful!
1 Like
Awesome, thank you very much Laz.
1 Like
Hey Everyone, the QOS is very very interesting. I have an infrastructure with Cisco jabber installed on phones Android and IOS. I saw in the Cisco Jabber there is an Option DSCP that you can enable. My questions is when the frame leaves the Wireless Device to the AP ( Lightweight ), is the Frame will be tagged with DSCP EF? and what about browsing web in the Phone? Does the AP can differ both Traffic? And then there is a Capwap tunnel to the WLC with i think will have the same DSCP. I know there is NBAR2, but should i configure also the interface between the switch and the AP for QOS Voice.
Thanks and the forum is really good, i am learning many things.
Hello Mina
It's great to hear that you like the forum and the lessons!!
The implementation of QoS on voice applications installed on a mobile device such as an Android or iOS phone involves various parameters. Specific DSCP


Does dental insurance cover IV sedation?
Does Insurance Cover Sedation Dentistry? Unfortunately, most dental insurance companies and standard plans do not cover the cost of sedation dentistry. As disappointing as it may be, this out-of-pocket expense should never keep you from seeking treatment.
Is IV sedation expensive?
The cost of intravenous sedation is a lot higher than laughing gas sedation. The price for IV deep sedation dentistry can be between $300 – $1000 depending on how long the sedation dentist takes to perform the procedures.
How do I get dental insurance to cover anesthesia?
How much does it cost to be sedated?
Depending on the type of sedation used, costs range from a few hundred dollars to more than a thousand. Light sedation, using oral sedatives or nitrous oxide gas, usually costs anywhere from $200 to $300. This cost does not include the cost of the dental treatment and only reflects the cost of sedation.
IMPORTANT: You asked: Is depression a adjective?
Can a general dentist do IV sedation?
Not if you get the necessary training. Again, most dentists can administer local and minimal sedation, but it takes specialized training and completion of a program in deep sedation and general anesthesia through the Commission of Dental Accreditation (CODA) to utilize more complex options.
Are you awake with IV sedation?
Do you feel anything with IV sedation?
Once the IV is inserted and the sedative drugs are delivered, you will not remember anything and you will not feel any pain. Though IV sedative dental drugs are delivered, it is still necessary to use local anesthesia. Local anesthesia is necessary because the nerves in your mouth and teeth will still feel pain if Dr.
Is dental sedation safe?
Is IV sedation better than general anesthesia?
Patients generally have a shorter recovery time with IV sedation than they do with oral sedation or general anesthesia. Eases severe anxiety – Even patients dealing with severe anxiety can benefit from IV sedation, since it delivers a stronger level of sedation.
How much does nitrous cost at the dentist?
How much does it cost to have nitrous oxide at the dentist? The average cost to the patient for nitrous oxide is $50. Some offices charge this fee on a per-hour basis, and some charge it on a per-visit basis. Some offices build the cost of nitrous oxide sedation into their procedural fee structure.
IMPORTANT: Is there a generic version of Seroquel?
Will the dentist put me to sleep if I ask?
Can the Dentist put me to Sleep for Treatment? The short answer to this question is 'Yes', your dentist can put you to sleep for treatment. However, a technique known as 'conscious sedation' has replaced general anaesthesia in modern dentistry.
Why does sedation cost so much?
All things considered, the collection rate for oral and IV sedation is greater than nitrous oxide due to most office policies requiring payment in advance of treatment. The justification for such policies lies in the fact that large blocks of time are set aside for these long, productive appointments.
What's better laughing gas or anesthesia?
Laughing gas and nitrous oxide are one in the same—a safe and effective anesthetic administered to dental patients through a mask in an oxygen mixture. Laughing gas won't put you to sleep like general anesthesia. Instead, inhaling this mixture will make you feel a light tingling sensation.
What are the 5 levels of sedation?
Light sedation: Awakens briefly (less than 10 seconds) with eye contact to verbal command. Moderate sedation: Any movement, except eye contact, in response to command. Deep sedation: No response to voice, but any movement to physical stimulation. Unarousable: No response to voice or physical stimulation.
How long does IV sedation take to wear off?
How Long Does IV Sedation Last? IV sedation works quickly, with most people falling asleep in roughly 15 to 30 minutes after it's been administered. Once the IV sedation is removed, you will begin to wake up in about 20 minutes and be fully recovered from all sedative effects within six hours.
IMPORTANT: How do you give Ativan IM?
What is the difference between oral sedation and IV sedation?
The short answer is that IV sedation is better because deeper levels of sedation can be achieved in a very predictable, fast and safe manner. Oral sedation can be used, but the sedative dental drugs take longer to take effect and sometimes the level of sedation may not be right once the drug finally sets in.
Run to meet life


COMP361: Design and Analysis of Algorithms
Undergraduate course, School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, 2019
Lecturer responsible for the second half of the course.
 1. Preparing lecture material and giving 6 weeks of lectures.
 2. Preparing assignments, including handouts, rubrics, and co-ordinating tutor marking.
 3. Writing and marking half of the final exam.


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Lord of the Forest
Tāne Mahuta is a giant Kauri tree (Agathis Australis) in the Waipoua Forest of Northland Region, New Zealand. Its age is unknown, but is estimated to be between 1,250 and 2,500 years It is the largest kauri known to stand today.
The tree is a remnant of the ancient subtropical rainforest that once grew on the North Auckland Peninsula. Other giant Kauri are found nearby, notably Te Matua Ngahere. Tāne Mahuta is the most famous tree in New Zealand, along with Te Matua Ngahere. It is thought it was discovered and identified in the 1920s when contractors surveyed the present State Highway 12 route through the forest. In 1928 Nicholas Yakas and other bushmen, who was building the road, also identified the tree


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The relationship between self -report and behavioral observation indices of multicultural counseling competence
Changing demographics in the United States have stirred an increase in attention to multicultural counseling issues. Counseling professionals have questioned whether current training programs adequately prepare counseling students to work with individuals from a culturally diverse client population. Specific competencies have been identified and enumerated. The need for training has been emphasized by professionals and professional organizations. The availability of training in existing counseling psychology programs and internships has been examined. As a result, the measurement and evaluation of multicultural counseling competencies has become increasingly important to counseling psychologists and other professionals who offer counseling services to culturally diverse clients. ^ In recent years 1 supervisor evaluation and 3 self-report instruments have been developed to measure dimensions of the multicultural counseling construct. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between behavioral evaluation and self-report in the measurement of this construct. The relationship between self-report and behavioral evaluation was examined across differences in training level. The existence of a multicultural counseling competence construct, distinct from general counseling competence, as observed and distinguished by expert judges, was also examined. ^ Participants for this study were master's level counseling students and doctoral level students in counseling psychology programs from 3 northeastern universities. The Multicultural Counseling Knowledge and Awareness Scale (MCKAS) was used as a self-report measure of multicultural counseling competency and the Cross Cultural Counseling Inventory-R (CCCI-R) was used as an objective behavioral measure. The Counselor Rating Form-Short Version (CRF-S) was used as a measure of general counseling competence. Two multicultural counseling experts rated participants' counseling response to an interactive video of a client presenting cultural/racial issues during a counseling session. Participants viewed and responded to a video of an African American or a White Confederate client. Both clients presented an identical script. The experts used their ratings to complete a CCCI-R and a CRF-S for each participant. Correlations between the MCKAS subscale scores, the CCCI-R total score, and the CRF-S total score were used to test hypotheses. ^ Results were examined, limitations enumerated, and implications to the field of counseling psychology and for future research were discussed. ^
Education, Bilingual and Multicultural|Education, Guidance and Counseling|Sociology, Ethnic and Racial Studies
Diane Eve Lewis,
"The relationship between self -report and behavioral observation indices of multicultural counseling competence"
(January 1, 2004).
ETD Collection for Fordham University.


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In 2014 the Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics (DAFRE) celebrated its 100th anniversary. Our teaching and research department was founded in 1914 as the farm management division within the Rutgers Department of Agronomy. In 1923, farm management left the agronomy department to become a freestanding Department of Agricultural Economics. Its current name, adopted in 1999, reflects a research and teaching mission that extends beyond the department's origins in production agriculture.
The Department of Agricultural, Food and Resource Economics (DAFRE) was created in 1914. Since then, its mission has evolved as the needs of society have changed. The department's mission is to:
DAFRE supports society's need for economic analysis and business management in the areas of agriculture, food, resources, and the environment. Our world class teaching, research, and outreach improve businesses, communities, and the lives of people in New Jersey and beyond.
Our mission reflects and supports the missions of the Land-Grant university system, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, School of Enviormental and Biological Science (SEBS) and the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station (NJAES).
The following goals emanate from our mission
1. To achieve scholarly excellence in economic research on emerging issues unique to a urban/suburban environment.
2. To be proactive and to achieve excellence by providing continual, strong, high quality support for stakeholders in analyzing, planning and facilitating adjustments to urbanization.
3. To provide effective, cutting edge undergraduate and graduate education programs in the areas of business economics, environmental and natural resource economics, and economics of the food system including agriculture and the food industry.
4. To foster team efforts including other institutions and stakeholders.
5. To provide a responsible work environment in which the individuality, worth and dignity of each member is respected and personal and professional development are encouraged.
Programmatic Area Missions and Goals
The Programmatic areas include
2. Teaching - Undergraduate & The Graduate level
Teaching and outreach build on research, and the resulting synergy energizes the pursuit of our broader departmental mission to: "Support society's agricultural, agribusiness, food, environmental and natural resource needs for economic analysis through an integrated program of teaching, research and outreach activities designed to improve the quality of public and private decisions."
DAFRE's research mission is as follows:
To advance the frontiers of knowledge within the discipline of economics, and between economics and related disciplines, on current and emerging issues related to agricultural, food, agribusiness, environmental and natural resources multidisciplinary research that draws upon relevant expertise from the fields and upon an outreach program that elicits input from our clientele in the private and public sectors.
Major departmental efforts are directed toward addressing the challenges facing the agriculture, food industry, agricultural policy makers and public and private decision makers on issues related to natural resources and the environment in New Jersey and other urbanizing/suburbanizing regions in the world. The department will continue its frontier research into policy issues such as farmland assessment, sustainability of agriculture, farmland preservation, right-to-farm issues, quality-of-life effects of farming, the structure and performance of the key agriculture and food sectors, technology transfer, effectiveness of public and private research, irrigation financing, solid waste management, environmental quality, land use at the urban fringe, coalition building between agricultural and environmental interests, new use agriculture, other emerging farm products and crops, nutraceuticals, international agricultural development, costs of production, and regulations facing agriculture. Current and evolving research initiatives will emphasize the sustainability of agriculture and include such areas as the:
(i) economics of horticulture,
(ii) new use and value added agriculture,
(iii) economics of biotechnology,
(iv) economics of emerging food technologies,
(v) economics of nutraceuticals,
(vi) economics of biodiversity, and
(vii) linkages between agriculture, food and the pharmaceutical industry.
The research program builds on the New Jersey experience as a frontier state in issues related to rapidly changing agriculture, rapidly evolving food industry, high demands on natural resources and the environment and the urban environment. As a premier department in policy related research, the DAFRE seeks to provide leadership in multidisciplinary research by utilizing a problem-solving approach to address pressing issues in our areas of interest and expertise. The mission-related goals of the research program are as follows:
- To advance the frontiers of knowledge within and between disciplines.
- To develop and conduct research (in areas such as those noted above) that is responsive to the current and future needs of producers, industry, policy makers and society.
- To establish multidisciplinary research teams that draw upon relevant expertise and provide balanced, visionary and synergistic insights and leadership.
- To build upon the New Jersey experience with development at the interfaces of agriculture, agribusiness, food and environmental/natural resources.
The Department of Agricultural, Food and Resource Economics supports an undergraduate major entitled "Environmental & Business Economics" (373), an academic "minor" by the same name, and a graduate program leading to a Masters of Science degree in "Agricultural Economics." The undergraduate program and faculty also provide courses included in the college's requirements for graduation and/or for completion of other majors within the college.
Undergraduate Program Mission
The mission of the undergraduate program is to prepare students for citizenship and employment by fostering the ability to apply economic concepts and principles to the analysis of public and private sector issues and problems, and an understanding of the institutional factors underlying and influencing policy decisions with particular emphasis on the agriculture, food industry, and natural resources.
In pursuit of the mission of the undergraduate program, the curriculum and courses are periodically reviewed, revised, and designed to provide both for our students and for those in other curricula, with:
- a foundation in the principles of economics that is relevant and up-to-date,
- greater facility in the analytical and problem-solving processes through the adoption and application of information and communication technology, and
- an improved capacity for critical reasoning and decision-making.
The "Information Age," advanced technologies, increased competition in the market place, globalization of the economy, and demands for accountability emanating from taxpayers, employers, and other stakeholders compel us to approach curriculum development and instruction in new and exciting ways. Increasingly, computers, software, and other emerging technologies are being integrated in courses to facilitate modeling, analysis and the decision-making processes. Distance learning opportunities and cooperative relationships with other institutions (such as those being developed through the Kellogg Food Systems Professions Initiative and the Mid-Atlantic Consortium) will facilitate educational development by allowing students and faculty alike to benefit from expertise and other resources for learning that would otherwise be unavailable.
The undergraduate curriculum's core courses and three options (i.e., Business Economics, Environmental and Natural Resource Economics, and Food Industry Economics) qualify students for a broad spectrum of positions in business and government, and/or for continued study at the graduate level. Alumni find positions in companies such as American Express, ADP, AT&T, G.E., ITT, Johnson and Johnson, Merck, Merrill Lynch, Commodity Exchange, Dean Witter, Stock Exchange, Farm Credit Corporation, Food Enterprises Inc., Frito-Lay Inc., M&M Mars Company, Nestle Food Corporation, Pepsi Cola Company, USDA, and Wakefern Company.
Graduate Program Mission
The mission of the M.S. program is to deliver graduate education that enables students to apply economic concepts and quantitative techniques to current problems of the agricultural and food industries and those related to natural resources and the environment. Students develop research skills by conducting independent research guided by faculty whose expertise includes the interface between agriculture, food and the environment.
Specific mission-related goals of the graduate program are as follows:
- To provide rigorous training in economic theory, econometrics and applied methods of economic research, while maintaining the flexibility to accommodate important techniques from other disciplines and adapt to a rapidly changing world of available tools.
- To provide opportunities for verbal and written communications, and for collaboration in groups, that permits students to excel in team efforts comprising members from multiple disciplines.
- To maximize the relevance of the curriculum by integrating classroom experience with practical applications.
- To build enrollment, integrated with funded research programs, to the point where the program is self-sustaining.
The outreach mission of the department includes the development, implementation, and evaluation of the impact of outreach programs to industry, policy makers and the general public that address economic and policy issues related to agriculture, food, agribusiness, environmental and natural resources in urbanizing areas.
Examples of the department's outreach efforts include our continued commitment to the proactive development of policy tools for agricultural development, the development of the Agricultural Economic Recovery and Development Initiative, the Farm Business Management and Marketing Training Program, coalition building and conflict resolution and public policy education initiatives, work in direct marketing, education programs and support provided farmers and other constituents in financial management and budgeting, and "Think-Tanks" involving departmental and university faculty in support of various agricultural and food industry enterprises in New Jersey. In the environmental area, examples of outreach efforts include collaborations and partnerships with environmental interests groups and organizations (e.g., New Jersey Recycling Forum, ANJR and Environmental Research Associates) as we continue to seek solutions to environmental policy problems. Mission related goals in the area of extension or outreach include the following:
- To develop mechanisms and outreach initiatives, based upon applied research and stakeholder linkages, that are responsive to stakeholder needs.
- To serve as a resource to clientele by conducting, evaluating/gathering, interpreting and disseminating high quality information from economic and policy analysis.
- To serve in an advisory capacity to clientele.
- To disseminate departmental generated research.
- To organize, compile/coordinate expertise, deliver and evaluate educational programs to targeted clientele groups.


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A declination in the level of testosterone in male body can happen in middle age and some men suffer from sexual weakness due to years of over masturbation habit. Sometimes, men suffer from irregularities of the endocrines at an earlier age. The impact of aging on body organs can happen at a younger age and this can cause dullness or reduce control of brain on the body parts, which causes involuntary release of sperm from male reproductive organs or it can even reduce the power of organs to get erection.
Men who masturbate regularly to release the excess production of male fluid from the body can suffer from various negative effects if the male organ is damaged. The nerve endings found on the male organ becomes insensitive and the stimulation level of the organ reduces. So, how to recover from sexual weakness due to over masturbation? The person suffering from sexual weakness due to years of over masturbation habit, aging and disruptions in the system of endocrine functioning, can take herbal remedies to cure the condition.
To know how to recover from sexual weakness due to over masturbation, the properties of various herbs should be studied and the success rate of various laboratory studies on naturopathic treatments can be examined. The weakness in the male reproductive organ happens due to reduced coordination of the brain to the organ. The cure provided by NF Cure capsule, Shilajit capsule and Mast Mood oil can help in improving this coordination. These herbal remedies contain plant-based extracts that can improve the mind power and also the performance of the endocrines.
Role of endocrines: The main function of the endocrine is to send message. It works as the communication centre that can secrete certain fluids which goes into the interstitial fluids or the blood. The chemical structure of the secretions varies depending on the type of gland. The message sent by the nerves and the endocrine is received by the body organs, and the muscles contract or move as per the impulses. The secretions of the adrenalin can make the contractions stronger and it can make it more forceful or forceless.
How herbs help in recovering from sexual weakness due to years of over masturbation habit?
When men take herbal remedies that contain herbs such as Kavach Beej, Ashwagandha, Shudh Shilajit, Safed Musli and Kesar, the improvement in following systems can be observed.
The secretions from the endocrine are regulated. As the endocrine system improves, the immunity of the body improves. The body becomes strong against external dangers and toxins. The skin becomes smooth and less dry. The symptoms of aging reduce.
The power of brain increases. As one regularly takes the herbal capsules, the power to remember increases. The smooth flow of endocrines and the communication system in the body empower the body to become more alert. People who want to know how to recover from sexual weakness due to over masturbation can take these remedies as it empowers the reproductive organs. This makes conjugal life more pleasurable.
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The Dakehl (Carrier) peoples are from the Central Interior of British Columbia. The term 'Carrier' comes from a Sekani (Northern Interior, Finlay and Parsnip River drainages) name for the Dakelh people that has to do with the mourning processes of the Dakelh women in which they carried their deceased husbands ashes. The Sekani people were the first to come into contact with European explorers and so the name 'Carrier' became established with foreign European parties. Dakelh is the term used by the Carrier people to refer to both their language (of the Athabaskan family) and their people. Their traditional territory includes "the area along the Fraser River from north of Prince George to south of Quesnel, the Nechako Valley, the areas around Stuart Lake, Trembleur Lake, and Fraser Lake, and the region along the West Road and Blackwater Rivers, west to the Coast Range, including the Kluskus Lakes, Ootsa Lake and Cheslatta Lake. Prince George, Vanderhoof, Fort Saint James, Fraser Lake and Quesnel are all in Dakehl territory."1
Dakelh or Carrier artists in the University of Victoria's Art Collections include Lawrence J Rosso and Walter Joseph Jr.


Home Green Energy Hydrogen Power
Coffee-Powered Car Sets New Speed Record
coffee carCoffee-powered car owner Martin Bacon has just beaten the 65 mph record for cars of that class. The car achieved the feat with an audience including a Guinness World Records adjudicator and Bacon's wife at Greater Manchester's Woodford Airfield.
The 42-year-old achieved a speed of 65.536 mph to claim the record in a car that makes use of pellets of coffee chaff (waste from coffee production) which when heated in a gasifier break down into hydrogen and carbon monoxide which are in turn combusted to power the engine.
Bacon expressed his delight at their breaking the record for that range of cars, stating that it has taken years to make that "Coffee Car" although cars powered by gasification have been in wide usage before, such as in the period of World War Two. He also added that worldwide, there were more than 900,000 vehicles being driven by gasifiers with the inception of the 20th century.
The Co-Operative chose the car to mark 10 years of converting all their coffee to Fairtrade. Steve Murrells, Chief Executive of the organisation highlighted the importance of "the Bean Machine" breaking that record as including the publicizing of Fairtrade and how purchasing Fairtrade products can impact on families, producers and whole communities in developing nations.
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Copyright © 2010 Esteban Flores and José R. León R. This is an open access article distributed under the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
We apply Rice's multidimensional formulas, in a mathematically rigorous
way, to several problems which appear in random sea modeling. As a first example, the probability
density function of the velocity of the specular points is obtained in one or two dimensions as well
as the expectation of the number of specular points in two dimensions. We also consider, based on a
multidimensional Rice formula, a curvilinear integral with respect to the level curve. It follows that its
expected value allows defining the Palm distribution of the angle of the normal of the curve that defines
the waves crest. Finally, we give a new proof of a general multidimensional Rice formula, valid for all
levels, for a stationary and smooth enough random fields.


What is Dash?
Dash (DASH) is an open sourced, privacy-centric digital currency. It was originally released as XCoin (XCO) on January 18, 2014.
Differences between Litecoin and Dash
With chained hashing, high end CPUs give an average return similar to that of GPUs. Another side effect of the algorithm is that GPUs run at about 30% less wattage than scrypt and 30% to 50% cooler, putting less stress on the computing setup and ensuring lower energy bills for miners.
Currency supply
Estimated 22 million coins maximum, with a 7% decrease in the number of coins generated per year.
Chained hashing
Dash uses a chained hashing algorithm approach called X11. Instead of using the Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA) 256 or Scrypt it uses a sequence of eleven scientific hashing algorithms for the proof-of-work.


Publications in Progress
Design Thinking for Public Speaking
Learn the art of public speaking through a five step process
Design Thinking for Public Speaking.png
Life-lessons from Metaphors
Start seeing everything metaphorically. You enhance the stickiness while sharing a life-lesson.
Study and analysis of the classical aspects of Tamil Film Music. First print sold 500 copies in 2015. Second print of 2017 got sold 900 copies so far.
Bizarre Combo for Innovation
There are several ways to think innovative … Some of the structured approaches include Brainstorming, Six Thinking Hats, SCAMPER etc. One such method to arrive at an innovative product is by combining two unrelated products…
What is the scope of empathy?


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After clicking generate, QR codes are created to represent the resulting public address, public key, and the private key in both hexadecimal and WIF form. The QR codes can be converted to text with a double-click.
Private keys can optionally be encrypted with a password. If a private key is used, the encrypted key (NEP-2) will also be generated, which can be revealed by scrolling through the views with the 'N' button.
The tool can also be used to import wallets. This can turn it into a useful way to print paper backups of existing wallets, or to quickly check the public address or public key for a known private key, WIF, or encrypted key/password combination.
As an open source project, Ansy can be run locally. This can make it a convenient option for generating Neo wallets on a fully air-gapped machine. However, it can also be used to create new wallets in the browser with relative safety. Temporarily disabling extensions, running a malware scan, and disconnecting from the Internet are a few recommended steps to take before doing so.
You can find the Ansy github repository at the following link:


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Practice finding equivalent ratios in this exciting Smartboard game. A ratio compares the quantities of two things. To find equivalent ratios (proportion), create equal fractions. What you do to the upper term, you have to do the same to the lower term.
Directions:You can select up to 4 players in a private game or public game. To play this game on the Smartboard, create equal ratios (proportions) to power up the motorcycle. The faster you go, the more likely you will win! Play


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Sometimes oven door handles get loose. This is because, like temperature control knobs, it is one of the most handled parts of your range. If it's cracked or the door is getting difficult to open and shut, replace the handle. Order replacement part _TAG_ for a GE range, and do the following:
- Remove the oven door. First, open the door and snap open the hinges. Then partially close the door so you can lift it free of the hinge locks and slide it out towards yourself. The door should come free without any friction.
- Access the interior screws of the door handle. This involves removing a lot of layers of parts. First, loosen the screws and the top of the door and remove the screws holding the bottom trim. Then completely remove the inner door. Next, unscrew two screws that are holding the top grille and handle. Lift that part free and, still from the interior, unscrew the handle from the metal brackets on the grille.
- Replace the handle. Place the new handle into position by aligning it along the grille's holes. Then screw it into position.
- Reassemble the oven door. Align the grille with the inner glass and tighten the screws along the edge of the frame, making sure the glass is properly in its groove. Then put the inner door back into position and retighten the top screws before you screw the bottom trim screws back into the door.
- Put the door back onto the oven. Slide the hinges into the oven's slots, open the door all the way, and then push both hinge locks into position and close the door.
For both mechanical and electrical repair procedures on your major appliances, go to Fred's Appliance Service.


FINE WEBINAR: Learning from COVID experience: The perspective from Nursing education in Europe
z naslovom:
Learning from COVID experience: The perspective from Nursing education in Europe
ki bo 26. 3. 2021 med 14. in 16.30 uro
Since the spring of 2020, nursing education has adapted in most countries in Europe and internationally, adopting various strategies.
Creativity has been required to keep nursing students in theoretical and clinical training, to enable them to graduate in the best conditions and be competent to join the nursing teams.
This period was a source of stress for all the actors but also sometimes constituted vicarious experiences.
While this pandemic is still present, its impact should be measured at different levels:
- Educational innovations
- Nurse educator's training
- The evolution of nursing education programs
- Leadership
- Aim of the day
To provide an opportunity for pre-service nurse educators to share their experiences following the COVID wave of spring 2020 in order to identify international trends.
Identify innovations introduced in both the educational and technological fields.
Compile the lessons learned in a crisis situation as well as in a normal operating mode.
Measuring the first impacts of the crisis and the changes made to the system.
Formulate recommendations in this area.
Nurse educators, faculty and managers of school of nursing offering preregistration programme in nursing from the area covered by FINE organization.
PROGRAM in PRIJAVNICO najdete na sledeči povezavi:
Vebinar je brazplačen.
Vljudno vabljeni.


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Durga Devi Zone
Embark on a Spiritual Wilderness Journey in Durga Devi Zone – Corbett National Park
Nestled within the verdant expanse of Corbett National Park, the Durga Devi Zone stands as a testament to the spiritual and natural harmony that defines this iconic wildlife sanctuary. Named after the historic Durga Devi Temple located within its boundaries, this zone offers a unique blend of divine tranquility and untamed wilderness, creating an enchanting destination for wildlife enthusiasts and nature lovers.
1. Durga Devi Temple: The focal point of Durga Devi Zone is the ancient Durga Devi Temple, a sacred site that adds a spiritual dimension to the wildlife experience. Surrounded by the lush greenery of the jungle, the temple is dedicated to the Hindu goddess Durga and attracts pilgrims and visitors seeking both spiritual solace and the wonders of nature.
2. Wilderness Safari Adventures: Explore the diverse landscapes and wildlife of Durga Devi Zone through safari adventures. Jeep safaris are a popular choice, allowing visitors to traverse the rugged terrain in the company of knowledgeable guides. The zone's varied topography, including riverbanks and dense forests, provides a rich tapestry for wildlife encounters.
3. Rich Fauna: Durga Devi Zone is home to a diverse array of wildlife, including elephants, tigers, leopards, spotted deer, and numerous bird species. The opportunity to witness these majestic creatures in their natural habitat adds to the allure of the zone, making it a must-visit destination for wildlife enthusiasts.
4. Mahasheer Fishing: The Ramganga River, which flows through Durga Devi Zone, is renowned for Mahasheer fishing. Anglers can indulge in the thrill of catching this prized freshwater fish while surrounded by the pristine beauty of the jungle.
5. Scenic Landscapes: The picturesque landscapes of Durga Devi Zone showcase the unspoiled beauty of Corbett National Park. From the scenic riverbanks to the dense Sal forests, visitors are treated to breathtaking views that capture the essence of the Indian wilderness.
6. Birdwatcher's Paradise: The diverse ecosystems within Durga Devi Zone make it a haven for birdwatchers. The zone is home to a variety of avian species, providing a captivating experience for those who appreciate the beauty and diversity of birds.
7. Ethereal Sunsets: Witness ethereal sunsets over the Ramganga River, casting a golden glow on the landscape. The tranquil ambiance of Durga Devi Zone creates the perfect setting to enjoy these mesmerizing moments in nature.
Durga Devi Zone in Corbett National Park is not just a wildlife sanctuary; it's a sacred journey into the heart of nature, where spirituality and biodiversity coexist in perfect harmony. Whether you seek a divine connection, thrilling wildlife encounters, or simply the serenity of the jungle, Durga Devi Zone invites you to embark on a journey of discovery and awe.


Best Jamaica Transportation Service
Jamaican cuisine the Ital way:
Ital cooking is a type of Jamaican cuisine developed by the Rastafarian faith who believed that natural foods, herbs and vegetables are the way to go. Rastafarians doesn't practice the consumption of meat and foods that are produced by synthetic chemicals.
Today Ital cuisine is well sort after in Jamaica and else where throughout the world. Credit must be given to the Rastafarian elders who created dishes to that fit into their beliefs.
At first Rastafarians was ridicule by locals as many people were ignorant to many healthy lifestyles. However, it came to past when these same people are being thoroughly warned by doctors to eat the healthier.
The revelation is that Rastafarians has introduced healthy recipes into the Jamaican cuisine. The no meat, dairy products and chemically produce foods surely has being adopted by many. Eating lots of raw foods was Rastafarian forte. Now we see conventional nutritionists recommending that 75% of ones complete diet should be raw foods.
Past generations had planted lots of fruit trees in Jamaica that continues to produce. They produce naturally without any fertilizer about from what naturally occurs over the years due to break down of organic materials. While many people don't stop to think about it, but they are having nature's best. These produce are marketed elsewhere as organic and fetch higher prices than normal.
Ital cooking brings another dimension in the Jamaican cuisine which makes it truly interesting. As the saying goes that prevention is better than cure, let your food be your medicine. Ital cuisine is just that.


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case, a determination can be made at step 1430 whether the retry flag is set to permit a retry attempt. If so, then the retry flag can be reset at step 1432 to disallow a further retry attempt, and a generic response can be queued at step 1434, after which processing proceeds to step 1426 as described above. However, if the retry flag is determined at step 1430 to be set to disallow a retry attempt, then a sequence number error event can be triggered at step 1436, followed by steps 2000 and 2002 (see FIG. 20) as described above.
 Another branch of processing can be followed after step 1420 if the CRC is not determined to be valid. In this case, a determination can be made at step 1438 whether the retry flag is set to permit a retry attempt. If so, then the retry flag can be reset at step 1432 to disallow a further retry attempt, and a generic response can be queued at step 1434, after which processing can proceed to step 1426 as described above. However, if the retry flag is determined at step 1438 to be set to disallow a retry attempt, then a CRC error event can be triggered at step 1440, followed by steps 2000 and 2002 (see FIG. 20) as described above. If an event occurs that requires reset of the Main processor, an event system can disable the motor if it was already enabled.
 Turning now to FIG. 17, the motor safety task 1204 (see FIG. 12) can begin with verifying the ROM and RAM at step 1700. Turning briefly to FIG. 18, the process employed to verify the ROM and RAM can be skipped if a determination is made at step 1800 that a KEELOQ® task is busy. Otherwise, a value stored in a state variable can determine which one of three branch components of the process can be followed for this cycle. For example, when the state variable is determined to have a zero value at step 1802, then a determination can follow at step 1804 whether all of the RAM locations can be verified. If so, then the state variable can be incremented at step 1806, and step 1700 (see FIG. 17) thus completed for this cycle. If the RAM locations cannot be verified at step 1804, then a RAM failure event can be triggered at step 1808, thus completing step 1700 (see FIG. 17) for this cycle. However, if the state variable is determined to have a non-zero value at step 1802, then a sum can be taken of the total ROM chunks at step 1810. Then, if the number of ROM chunks summed in step 1810 is determined at step 1812 not to be equal to the value of the state variable, the state variable can be incremented at step 1814, completing step 1700 (see FIG. 17) for this cycle. Once the state variable has been incremented to a value that is determined at step 1812 to match the number of ROM chunks summed in step 1810, then a determination can be made at step 1816 whether the ROM sum can be verified. If not, then a ROM failure event can be triggered at step 1818. In either case, step 1816 can be followed by resetting the state variable value to zero before ending step 1700 (see FIG. 17) for this cycle.
 Returning now to FIG. 17, following step 1700, a number of decisions can be made regarding whether to disable or enable a motor relay and/or a quick stop relay. With regard to these decisions, it should be understood that, in some embodiments, the quick stop relay is always disabled prior to a motor enable being activated. It should also be understood that, when the motor enable relay 1019 is deactivated, a quick stop delay counter can be set to one (e.g., fifty milliseconds), thus ensuring that the quick stop relay can activate fifty milliseconds after the motor enable relay 1019 is deactivated. Additionally, it should be understood that, before activating the motor enable, an AC power fail line can be checked. If it is high (active), a power failure event can be triggered, thus temporarily disabling the motor enable relay 1019. However, if the AC power fail line has gone low (inactive) and if a flag is set to indicate that the motor is enabled, then the motor enable relay 1019 can be activated again. Further, if the motor started on battery backup, the motor enable can be prevented from activating when power is returned during a run. Instead, the motor enable can stay deactivated to allow completion of the run on the battery backup, and the next run can return to normal operation. Yet further, if a flag is set to indicate a critical fault condition, then the quick stop relay can be prevented from activating, thus preventing dangerous conditions in the case of component failure. Finally, if the AC power fail line is active (high), the quick stop relay can only stay activated for two-hundred fifty milliseconds after disabling the motor, thus providing a quick stop in the event of a power failure, but avoiding needless drain of the battery backup, if connected.
 An example procedure for carrying out step 1204 (see FIG. 12), following step 1700, can include reading the DC current at step 1702 and storing the value in a variable. Then, if an AC power fail is determined to be active at step 1704, and if it is determined at step 1706 that a battery backup unit is not connected, then a power fail event can be triggered at step 1708. However, if the battery backup unit is determined to be connected at step 1706, then the motor relay 1019 can be disabled at step 1710. Otherwise, if an AC power fail is not determined to be active at step 1704, then a determination can be made at step 1712 whether a flag is set to indicate that the motor is enabled. If not, then another determination can be made at step 1714 whether the quick stop delay counter is at a zero value. If so, then a further determination can be made at step 1716 whether a flag is set to indicate that a quick stop is enabled. If not, then the quick stop relay can be enabled at step 1718, and the quick stop flag can be set at step 1720 to indicate that the quick stop is enabled. Then the quick stop delay counter can be set equal to two at step 1722.
 If the determination is made at step 1712 that the motor enabled flag was set to indicate that the motor was not enabled, then further determinations can be made at steps _PHONE_ whether the flag is set to indicate that a quick stop is enabled (i.e., step 1724), whether the quick stop delay counter is at a zero value (i.e., step 1726), and whether the AC power fail is active (i.e., step 1728). If the quick stop is not already enabled, the quick stop delay counter is at zero, and the AC power fail is not active, then the motor relay can be enabled at step 1730. On the other hand, if the quick stop was determined to be enabled at step 1724, but it is determined at step 1732 that the quick stop delay counter value has not yet reached zero, then the quick stop relay can be disabled at step 1734, and the quick stop flag can be reset at step 1736 to indicate that the quick stop is not enabled.
 At the end of the example procedure for carrying out step 1204 (see FIG. 12), the quick stop delay counter and a counter recording the number of resets of the main microcontroller 1000 (FIG. 10) can be managed. For example, a determination can be made at step 1738 whether the quick stop delay counter value is greater than zero, and if so, this counter can be decremented at step 1740. Also, a determination can be made at step 1742 whether a number of cycles has passed for decrementing the counter storing the number of master resets. If so, then this counter can also be decremented at step 1744.
 Turning now to FIG. 19 and FIG. 20, step 1206 (FIG. 12) can display faults on the LEDs 1040 (FIG. 10) and handle presses of up, down, and program buttons 1072 (see FIG. 10). Steps _PHONE_ can accomplish debounce of buttons, check button press duration, display faults, respond to calibration and setup menu selections, and, if the user selects to set limits, perform entry to limit setting procedures, wherein steps 2004-2038 can set mode variables and flags for setting of limits, check with the main microcontroller 1000 to determine if limit setting can be performed, and perform the limit setting procedure in coordination with the main microcontroller.
Motor Configuration Bits Define Performance Characteristics
 If the user's choice is determined at step 1914 to be a choice to set the barrier (door) speed, then the speed choice can be obtained at step 1916, and a message can be queued at step 1918 for delivery over the expansion bus to indicate the chosen speed adjustment. In order to allow the user to adjust barrier speed, a matrix can be employed to offer some preset options based on the drive and motor types that are present.


text:
In this Article
- What other names is Holly known by?
- What is Holly?
- How does Holly work?
- Are there safety concerns?
- Dosing considerations for Holly.
There isn't enough information available to know if holly leaves are safe for use. The leaves can cause side effects such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and stomach and intestinal problems. Ingestion of holly leaf spines may tear or puncture skin or mucous membranes.
Do not use holly if:
- You are pregnant or breast-feeding.
- You are dehydrated.
- You have a fluid (electrolyte) imbalance.
Report Problems to the Food and Drug Administration
You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit the FDA MedWatch website or call 1-800-FDA-1088.
Find out what women really need.


Almost all American-made trombones are tuned using a tuning slide in the crook of the bell section. However, some European instrument makers sell trombones designed with a one-piece crook and a mechanism for tuning the instrument in the handslide.
What are the pros and cons of each style of trombone design?
Actually, American manufacturers (notably Conn and Olds) produced slide-tuning instruments well into the 1960s. The design lasted longest in bass trombones (the Olds P24 and Conn 7xH). S. E. Shires currently produces a slide-tuning alto and makes slide-tuning slides for tenors and basses on special order. Kanstul makes a slide-tuning bass in its 1662 series and 1670 series, and a slide-tuning tenor in its 1688/1608 series.
Slide tuning has a substantial advantage for bass trombones because it allows a longer continuously tapered bell section. Trombones are roughly 1/3 tapered and 2/3 cylindrical tubing. A Bb/F bass trombone with slide tuning (and NO provision for bell tuning) can have a tapered tubing proportions that are approximately correct for the F side. Of course, then it's too long for the Bb horn. Slide tuning also allows for a longer slide section. The Conn 62 has an in-tune low C without worrying about going off the inner slides. Other instruments (notably the Bach 50) have the low C (on the F side alone) perilously near the end of the slide. Shires went to slide tuning on his alto so that the instrument would have solid low A and E. Other altos are notorious for having these notes almost off the slide.
Slide-tuning has two primary disadvantages. First is weight: including the tuning mechanism in the slide necessarily increases the outer slide's weight. More weight means more inertia means a slower slide. Modern designs have much lower weight penalties than the designs of the 1960s. The other problem is slide alignment. A slide tuning instrument has more moving parts, which theoretically make it vulnerable to alignment problems.
As with all things musical, it is a matter of paying your money and taking your choice. Slide tuning and bell tuning trombones have different timbral and playing characteristics. Having a conical bell section generally gives a warmer sound than that of a bell tuning instrument. However, the conical bell section is very open and may require more air and effort from the player at louder dynamics.
Your Answer


Impact of non-perfect reference plane on multi-gigabit transmission
Chang Fei Yee (University Malaysia Perlis, Arau, Malaysia)
Asral Bahari Jambek (University Malaysia Perlis, Arau, Malaysia)
Azremi Abdullah Al-Hadi (University Malaysia Perlis, Arau, Malaysia)
World Journal of Engineering
ISSN: _PHONE_
Article publication date: 7 August 2017
This paper aims to analyze the impact of non-perfect reference plane on the integrity of microstrip differential signals at multi-gigabit transmission on a printed circuit board (PCB). The effects of non-perfect reference contributed by signal crossing over split plane such as impedance discontinuity and crosstalk are investigated by performing analysis in two phases.
The first phase involves three-dimensional electromagnetic modeling extraction using Keysight EMPro software. Meanwhile, the second phase involves the import of model extracted from EMPro into simulation using Keysight Advanced Design System that covers insertion loss, return loss, crosstalk, time domain reflectometry and eye diagram.
A non-perfect reference plane has a negative impact on signal reflection, attenuation and crosstalk. The analysis results are presented and discussed in detail in the later section of this paper.
The work that studied the impact of the width and the amount of gaps due to crossing of split planes being experienced on the signal integrity was performed by other researchers. Meanwhile, this paper focused on the impact of length and depth of the gap on signal integrity. These research papers serve as a reference guide for high-speed PCB layout design.
Yee, C.F., Bahari Jambek, A. and Abdullah Al-Hadi, A. (2017), "Impact of non-perfect reference plane on multi-gigabit transmission", World Journal of Engineering, Vol. 14 No. 4, pp. 342-347.
Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2017, Emerald Publishing Limited


Tolkien Gateway
(Redirected from Heaven)
Menel was an Elvish (both Quenya and Sindarin) name for the regions of air above Arda, a name which is generally meant as "firmament, heaven" or "the heavens".[1] Sometimes the word is simply synonymous with the sky, but in other uses it is meant as a more sublime reference to the domain of the stars and heavenly bodies.
Menel is a physical place, although arguably a sacred one as it is the location of the stars.
[edit] Etymology
The word is understood as men "towards" + el "star" meaning "the Direction of the Stars".[2]
The loremaster Quennar is attributed as having devised the word Menel ("heavens, firmament").[3]
[edit] Examples
Menel is seen in numerous personal and place-names, including Meneltarma (the "Pillar of Heaven"), Meneldil, Tar-Meneldur, Armenelos and Meneldor.
It also appears in A Elbereth Gilthoniel "o menel aglar elenath" ("from the glories of the star-host of heaven").[4]
Sam used it in his invocation from Cirith Ungol: "o menel palan-diriel" ("from heaven gazing afar").[5]
[edit] Derivatives
It already existed in Avarin[source?], and survived as such in Adûnaic minal.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
 2. J.R.R. Tolkien, Donald Swann, The Road Goes Ever On, "A Elbereth Gilthoniel", p. 72
Middle-earth Cosmology


text:
Two related quantities x and y are called proportional (or directly proportional) if there exists a constant non-zero number k such that
- y = kx
In this case, k
is called the proportionality constant
of the relation. If y
are proportional, we often write
- y ~ x.
For example, if you travel at a constant speed, then the distance you cover and the time you spend are proportional, the proportionality constant being the speed. Similarly, the amount of force
acting on a certain object from the gravity
of the Earth
at sea level is proportional to the object's mass
To test whether x and y are proportional, one performs several measurements and plots the resulting points in a Cartesian coordinate system. If the points lie on (or close to) a straight line passing through the origin (0,0), then the two variables are proportional, with the proportionality constant given by the line's slope.
The two quantities x and y are inversely proportional if there exists a non-zero constant k such that
- y = k/x
For instance, the number of people you hire to shovel sand is (approximately) inversely proportional to the time needed to get the job done.
See also: proportional font, proportional representation


text:
The charts below show the Medical research funding amount in millions of Dollars in Someland and also shows the death number for this area.
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information in the graphs below.
Write at least 150 words.
Sample Answer 1:
The graphs compare the number of deaths caused by six diseases in Someland in 1990 and the amount of research funding allotted to each of those diseases. It can be clearly seen that the amount of research funding in many cases did not correlate with the seriousness of the disease in terms of numbers of deaths.
In 1990, about 0.2 million people died from AIDS, 0.1 million from leprosy and 0.3 million from tropical diseases. The death count in this year in Someland was 0.5 million from diarrhoea, 0.4 million from malaria and 1.8 million deaths from TB. These figures can be contrasted with the amount of funding allocated for each disease. In 1990, 180 million dollars were used for researching ailments for AIDS, which was the highest amount. This year 80 million was spent for leprosy research, 79 million for tropical diseases, 60 million for diarrhoea. Somelander authority spent 50 million dollars for malaria research and allowed TB research 20 million dollars, the lowest amount in researching diseases.
In summary, it is clear that funding allocation for disease research in Someland is not wholly determined by the number of deaths for which each disease is responsible in a given year.
(This model answer can be followed as an example of a very good answer. However, please note that this is just one example out of many possible approaches.)
Model Answer 2:
The diagrams present data on the medical research funding for six deadly diseases in Someland as well as the deaths caused by those diseases in 1990. A glance at the charts reveals that there was a correlation between the amount spent on researching a disease and the casualties it causedthe higher funding generally produced a better result, at least for AIDS and TB.
According to the illustration, the highest medical research budget was allowed for AIDS, around 175 million and in 1990 the death count in Someland from AIDS was 0.25 million, more than death from Leprosy but fewer than fatalities caused by any other diseases. Again, the lowest research budget was for TB (roughly 25 million) and around 1.75 million people died from this illness, the highest casualties from any disease in Someland in 1990. Medical research reserves for Leprosy and Tropical Diseases were exactly the same, approximately 70 million but deaths from the later disease were noticeably higher. A similar trend could be observed in the cases of Diarrhoea and Malaria, which received around 60 and 50 million respectively for medical research and were responsible for 0.5 and 0.35 million deaths in Someland.


Quebec Pork Industry In Need Of Overhaul
by 5m Editor
15 March 2007, at 4:42pm
MONTREAL - The government should not increase public assistance to the pork sector but instead should encourage the industry to reorganize itself so as to raise productivity.
In an Economic Note released today by the Montreal Economic Institute, associate researcher Eric Grenon states that "reform is made necessary by the high and recurrent costs to taxpayers of aid to pork producers and by the serious deficiencies in the aid models that are applied."
An industry in crisis
In recent months, major problems in the Quebec pork industry have been making headlines. Many causes can explain this crisis, especially the higher Canadian dollar, industry cycles, increased rates of illness, a lack of competitiveness among slaughterhouses, environmental standards, and so on.
Against a background of greater worldwide competition and market integration in the North American pork industry, the production, slaughter and processing of pork products in Quebec is under threat, in particular by the U.S. industry that has made use of the last 20 years to consolidate and restructure.
A commission on the future of Quebec agriculture and agri-food, now starting a consultation tour, should be looking into the effectiveness of current public involvement in upholding and protecting farm income. The commission should ask if it is worth maintaining the Farm Income Stabilization Insurance program (known by the French acronym ASRA). With twice Ontario's subsidy level, Quebec is among the provinces with the most heavily subsidized agriculture and agri-food sectors.
The Farm Income Stabilization Insurance program
ASRA seeks to guarantee a positive net annual income to Quebec farm businesses. Seen as a pillar of the Quebec model in agriculture, the program was established in 1978 as an insurance policy against market risks. The pork industry receives substantial financial support from governments. From 1978 to 2006, total compensation paid through ASRA to the pork sector reached $1.84 billion. In the last 10 years, subsidies came to an average of $96 million per year. In the 29 years the program has existed, there have been only eight years without subsidies to the pork industry.
The program's weaknesses
The industry's difficulties are due more to structural than to cyclical factors. ASRA also makes the pork sector more fragile by keeping it from adapting to market realities. Its insurance mechanism guarantees all pork producers that they will be compensated for the difference between the market price and production costs, calculated using a theoretical model. Producers thus have less incentive to cut costs, to observe market signals and to remain competitive on domestic and export markets. ASRA impairs efforts to raise productivity and efficiency, helping maintain high production costs compared to competitors. It holds back industry consolidation by keeping unprofitable farms in business, with viability and business performance not among the eligibility criteria for the main programs. Another weakness of ASRA is that it calculates total compensation based on a theoretical model of a specialized farm. Since the 1990s, the Quebec auditor general has questioned the effectiveness and performance of programs based on this sort of production cost estimate. It was shown that taxpayers are contributing millions of dollars too much to producers because of these models. The auditor general has also challenged the updating of these models of specialized farm and has cast doubt as to whether they are representative.
The challenges of the pork industry
The competitiveness of the Quebec pork industry is fragile and is threatened by growing worldwide competition, both from traditional commercial rivals such as the United States and from emerging countries such as Brazil. ASRA has major flaws that get in the way of building a pork industry that can run profitably on a stable basis and be truly competitive in the long term on foreign markets.
5m Editor


text:
Adamson House is designated a National Historic Site
and a California Historic Landmark
Visible from most places on the state beach, but with entry only off the Pacific Coast Highway (Highway One), a few hundred feet down coast in Malibu Lagoon State Beach is the Adamson House. In 1892, Henry Keller sold the 13,000-acre Rancho Malibu to Frederick H. Rindge, for a price variously reported as $10-$22 per acre. Keller, it is said, had acquired it for 10 cents an acre in 1872. Rindge, from Cambridge, Massachusetts, had recently inherited an estate of more than $2 million and moved to California.
After arrving in California, Rindge wrote a book called "Happy Days in Southern California." Then he looked for "a farm near the ocean, and under the lee of the mountain, with a trout brook, wild trees, a lake, good soil, and excellent climate."
Frederick Rindge died in 1905, and his wife, Rhoda May Knight Rindge, carried out his plans for the ranch, despite having to pay a big inheritance tax and high interest bills. In little more than 20 years, the Rindge Ranch became, it is said, the most valuable single real estate holding in the United States. Rhoda May Rindge, often called "May. K. Rindge," tried to keep highways out of her property, but the county and state obtained a right-of-way, and the Roosevelt Highway was opened in 1928. She started building a fine, Mediterranean-style, 50-room house in 1928. It was never finished and never lived in. The Franciscan Order acquired it in 1941, along with 26 acres of land and tile, valued at $40,000. Adamson House was purchased by the State of California in 1968.
Rindge found his "farm" in Malibu Canyon. He described the Malibu coast as the "American Riviera." He built a ranch house there, which burned to the ground in 1903. There were no roads to Malibu at that time. Everyone and everything came in by horseback or boat, or by horse-drawn wagon, over packed sand, at low tide. In 1904, the Southern Pacific Railroad tried to change all that by building railroad tracks across the Malibu area, to link Santa Monica and Santa Barbara. Rindge wanted none of the Southern Pacific, and to thwart it, he incorporated his own railway line, the Hueneme, Malibu, and Port Los Angeles Railroad, to bring in supplies and ship out hides and grain. That, and the wording of California law, were enough to keep out the S.P. Railroad.
Aerial view of the Adamson House at Malibu Lagoon State Beach
The house and grounds share one of the most beautiful beach locations in Southern California where one can view the Malibu Lagoon, Malibu Beach and the Malibu Pier. In addition to its world-famous Malibu Tile, the house contains hand-carved teakwood doors, hand-painted murals, molded ceilings, hand-wrought filagree ironwork and leadframed bottle glass windows.
From Santa Monica, follow the Pacific Coast Highway 13 miles west. From the 101 Freeway, exit at Las Virgenes Road, proceed 10-miles west through Malibu Canyon, turn left at Pacific Coast Highway, travel 1.5-miles east. Entrance for parking and the nature area is at Cross Creek Road. Walk east across the bridge and follow the dirt lane to the Adamson House.
Latitude/Longitude: 34.0333 / -_PHONE_
The Adamson House grounds are open daily from 8:00 am to Sunset.
The House Museum is open for touring Wed. - Sat. 11 am to 3 pm. Last house tour starts at 2 pm.
Special Events & Weddings
Filming & Photography Permits
School Field Trips
Guided Field Trip
Adamson House and Malibu Lagoon Museum &
Malibu Lagoon and Beach
Self-Guided School Field Trips
Reservations are required to waive parking fees or visit the tidepools.
Historic Adamson House
Malibu Lagoon Museum
Adamson House Garden Tour
Malibu Pier Tours
23200 Pacific Coast Highway, Malibu, CA 90265
Dogs in Parks
Dogs on a leash are allowed on the grounds but not in the house.