Certificate of analysis definition
What is a certificate of analysis requirements?
A Certificate of Analysis refers to an authenticated document that is issued by Illumina's Quality Assurance Department that ascertains that a product has met its predetermined product release specification(s) and quality.
How do I get a certificate of analysis?
To access Certificates of Analysis online:
 1. Navigate or search for a product page.
 2. Select the "Documentation" tab.
 3. Click "Certificates of Analysis"
 4. Provide the exact Lot Number.
 5. Click "Retrieve COA"
 6. If there is not one available, you will be given the option to request it.
What is a product COA?
Certificate of Analysis (CoA) is an official document issued by the manufacturer of the medicinal product. It contains information on some critical quality characteristics of the medicine.
What is the difference between COA and COC?
A COA is far more stringent than a COC and records the actual physical measurements of each individual accessory or part. … The COA exceeds the COC in that it is possible to know the exact measurements and therefore record those for individual test positions.
What is the purpose of a certificate of analysis?
Does a certificate of conformance need to be signed?
You might be interested: 1953 five dollar silver certificate
Who can issue a certificate of conformity?
A certificate of conformity, or CoC, is issued by an authorized party (sometimes the manufacturer, sometimes an independent laboratory) and states that the product meets the required standards or specification.
How do you know if a COA is real?
A matching sticker can be found on the certificate of authenticity that is issued to the owner of the signed item. That serial number can be searched on the Genuine COA website Authentication search feature, and the details of the signing are made available to the person utilizing the search.
How do I get a certificate of analysis on Amazon?
What does COA mean in manufacturing?
Certificates of Analysis
What is COC stand for?
COCAcronymDefinitionCOCCertificate Of ConformanceCOCCode of ConductCOCCertificate Of ComplianceCOCCorcoran (Amtrak station code; Corcoran, CA)
What is the meaning of COC certificate?
Certificate of Conformity
Leave a Comment


text:
The aim of this study was to determine the evacuation of sand from the equine intestine after a double treatment with psyllium and mineral oil or mineral oil only. A crossover study was conducted. Twelve healthy horses were fed 1 kg sand once a day for 5 days. Subsequently, these horses were divided into two groups: A and B. From day 6-10, both groups were treated with 2 l of mineral oil once a day and group B received an additional 0.5 kg of psyllium twice a day. The trial was repeated after 2 weeks with treatment crossover of groups A and B. The horses were housed sand free and 1.8 kg hay/100 kg body weight was offered to meet the maintenance energy requirement. Prior to the sand administration, faeces were collected from each horse for 3 days and the crude ash was determined to establish a baseline output of ash. There was no difference between the baseline crude ash output of the first and second treatment. From day 6-10, faeces were collected daily and the fresh weight and the dry matter and the crude ash contents were determined. For administration, sand or psyllium was mixed with 1 l of Irish mash (concentrate mixed with water), respectively, and mineral oil was administered via a nasogastric tube. All horses showed higher crude ash excretion when treated with psyllium and mineral oil compared with the mineral oil administration only. On the second, third and fourth day of the treatment, the difference was significant. Faeces crude ash weight corrected for baseline crude ash output while treated with psyllium plus oil and oil solely, reached a mean of 51.0 (SD 20.5) and 26.1 (SD 17.7) % of the administered sand mass, respectively. The results of this trial show that the ash output differed highly between the horses. Nevertheless, all horses showed a higher total ash output within the 5 days treatment period when the psyllium semen and mineral oil were used for the treatment than when treated with mineral oil solely.
Animals Cathartics/therapeutic use* Cross-Over Studies Feces/chemistry Female Horse Diseases/prevention & control* Horses Intestinal Obstruction/prevention & control Intestinal Obstruction/veterinary* Intestine, Large Male Mineral Oil/therapeutic use* Psyllium/therapeutic use* Random Allocation Silicon Dioxide*/adverse effects Treatment Outcome

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
This was a great, if in cohesive group of panelists. They've each done really interesting research on different architectural expressions of 'women's spaces' in three different US institutions: contemporary Mosques, Gymnasiums at the turn of the century, and Settlement Houses in the early 1900′s.
Maryam Eskandari gave a very compelling presentation on the need to re-examine mosque typology and explore the gender hierarchy assumptions embedded in that typology. Essentially, her work has determined that mosques prioritize men's space, making the front of the mosque inaccessible to women, and allocating the separate women's prayer space as ½ to 1/5 the amount of space allocated to the men. She talked about radical activists in the US staging Rosa Parks-style interventions in this model. And, she advocated for the role of architects in changing the typology, making contemporary mosque design reflect the changing politics of the practice of Islam in the US where communities are more open to mixed gender prayer spaces.
follow the conference @ Gender, Sexuality and Urban Space


MissingPy-0.10.6: Haskell interface to Python
MaintainerJohn Goerzen,
Safe HaskellNone
Maintainer : _EMAIL_ Stability : provisional Portability: portable
Python dict-like objects
Written by John Goerzen, _EMAIL_
This module can be used to access Python dicts and dict-like objects such as dbm databases. For a higher-level interface to creating and working with these dbm interfaces, please see the functions in MissingPy.AnyDBM. Also, for functions that use this, please see Database.AnyDBM.
data PyDict Source
The basic type for a Python dict or dict-like object.
mkPyDict :: PyObject -> PyDictSource
Takes a PyObject representing a Python dict or dict-like objext and makes it into a PyDict.
fromPyDict :: PyDict -> PyObjectSource
Takes a PyDict and returns its internal PyObject.


text:
Last name: Darnell
This very interesting old name is one with a medicinal or herbal origin, deriving from the French "darnal", a plant which was thought to have the ability to produce an intoxicating substance. As it happens there is also a small village called Darnell (the place of darnel growing) near Sheffield in Yorkshire and some nameholders will originate from this source first recorded as William de Darnale (circa 1350). The usual name development was Godwin Darnel (1177, The Suffolk Pipe Rolls), Thomas Darnele (1193, the Norfolk Pipe Rolls). Robert Darnell married Margaret Walters on September 10th 1598 at St. Mary Magdalene's, Old Fish Street London and their son Robert was christened on September 2nd 1599 also at St. Mary Magdalene's, old Fish Street. George Darnell married Anne Warryner on November 4th 1616 at St. Nicholas, Cole Abbey, London, whilst John Darnall was Clerk to Cromwells Parliament 1656 - 1658 and Thomas Darnell was a "Patriot" against Charles 1 in 1627. The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of Godwine Dernel, which was dated 1095, The Abbey of Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk, during the reign of King William 11, known as Rufus, 1087 - 1100. Surnames became necessary when governments introduced personal taxation. In England this was known as Poll Tax. Throughout the centuries, surnames in every country have continued to "develop" often leading to astonishing variants of the original spelling.
© Copyright: Name Origin Research _URL_ 1980 - 2013

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Curriculum & Resources: The Legacy Project
VISIT THE LEGACY PROJECT
The Legacy Project: Lessons for Living from the Wisest Americans was established by Cornell Medical School Professor of Gerontology Karl Pillemer. The project records the wisdom of American elders collected from interviews on a variety of subjects. In text and video, the oldest living generations of Americans share their experiences.
The website offers the opportunity for viewers to browse interviews by topic, ranging from money to faith and spirituality. You will be touched by the tenderness, humor, and authenticity of these elders.
Read and listen to these stories with your students, and reflect on how the lessons can be incorporated into this generation's values. We've selected a few favorites.
To meet the elders and to browse more lessons, visit The Legacy Project website.
- What Is Old Age For?
William Thomas ponders the benefits of aging.
- Can Elders Save the World?
The work of elders may never have been so important as it is today, when the continuation of life on Earth is at stake and wisdom is in short supply.
- Age Old Wisdom for the New Economy
Rebecca Adamson offers Native American views on scarcity, Wall Street, and how to thrive in hard times.
The above resources accompany the February 2012 YES! Education Connection Newsletter
That means, we rely on support from our readers.
Independent. Nonprofit. Subscriber-supported.


text:
A Research Paper By Beth Ostrander, Life Coach, CANADA
Does Practitioners Specialization Have a Blind Spot Supporting Clients on Pleasure-Related Topics?
Within Positive Psychology, pleasure is listed as one of the controllable factors that increase happiness.1A2016 study aimed to replicate findings of 2011 study by Giannopoulos and Vella-Brodrick
Confirmed that interventions based on pleasure, engagement, and meaning are effective in increasing well-being and ameliorating depressive symptoms across different cultural settings and for longer periods than expected2
I have witnessed the positive impact of this with clients in my blended coaching practice as a Life Pleasure Coach. Unfortunately, I have heard from several clients that they could not speak about pleasure with other their previous Practitioners (e.g., coaches, counselors, therapists). As I noticed this coming up, I began to think perhaps some Practitioners were missing out on a powerful tool. In some cases, the clients did not feel safe bringing up the topic. In other cases, the clients were directed to take the issue elsewhere, sometimes without being provided with referrals. I wondered if Practitioners were expressing healthy professional boundaries or if there was more at play.
Over time, I chatted casually with many colleagues and have heard a common theme of concern about a client raising Pleasure-Related Topics. Since pleasure is taboo, it is no wonder that Practitioners experience some anxiety when Pleasure-Related Topics arise.
This has led me to explore with more intentionality the comfort level Practitioners have around Pleasure-Related Topics.
It is important to make two notes here:
Note #1: This research is not designed to confirm a Practitioners specialization. It is to explore a Practitioner's comfort level supporting their client with Pleasure-Related Topics. Not every Practitioner is going to specialize in Pleasure-Related Topics. However, Practitioners require a certain level of comfort providing general support for any topic a client raises. For example, if a client brings money up in the session, a Practitioner who isn't a money coach or a financial advisor would have a level of ease providing support on the topic. They would also be comfortable providing referrals if their client wanted to explore the topic more deeply.
Note #2: This research paper is not solely about sensual pleasure. The word "pleasure" is often translated to mean sensuality or sex only. In this research Pleasure-Related Topics include:
- Pleasure in General: for example, a client struggling to make time for self-care or making time to enjoy a date night when life is hectic.
- Body-Related Issues: for example, a client working through body image issues that are affecting their ability to select clothing for a work event or a first date.
- Intimacy: for example, a client grappling with the degree of vulnerability they want to show when sharing life details with a co-worker or with a loved one.
- Sex & Sexuality: for example, a client is concerned about telling friends and family members that they are questioning the state of their marriage or exploring their sexual orientation.
- Pleasure-Related Shame: for example, a client feeling guilty and shameful for having an abundance of things while others in the world go hungry or for desiring something that conflicts with their religious beliefs.
To explore this topic deeper, I conducted a 3-hour workshop for Practitioners called "Practitioners Workshop: Introduction to Authentic Pleasure". Twelve (12) Practitioners participated and received a pre-workshop questionnaire and a post-workshop feedback form. Some Practitioners also participated in a conversation before/after the workshop. The following demographics were represented ("Unconfirmed" = not disclosed or not asked):
- Practitioner Types: Social workers, Therapists, Coaches (ICA & other), Reiki
- Religions: Catholic; Jewish; Evangelical Christian; None; Unconfirmed
- Heritage/Cultures: Latin American, Filipino, British; Lebanese; Danish; German; Italian; New Zealander; Unconfirmed
- Sexual Orientation: Heterosexual; Pan-sexual; Unconfirmed
- Genders: CIS gender men; CIS gender women; Unconfirmed
Three main themes arose while exploring the Practitioners comfort level with Pleasure-Related Topics during client sessions.
- Raising the Topic
- Key Areas of Concern
- The blind spot around Pleasure-Related Topics.
Finding #1: Raising the Topic
Two of the indicators used to explore the Practitioners' level of comfort with Pleasure-Related Topics were related to how often the topic was raised with clients. First, the Practitioners were asked how often they raised Pleasure-Related Topics. Secondly, they were asked how often their client raised the topic. It was noticeable that 0% of the Practitioners "always" introduced Pleasure-Related Topics and 20% of Practitioners "never" introduced the topic. When it came to asking about the frequency that their clients raised the topic, the practitioners said that10% of their clients "never" introduced Pleasure-Related Topics. Overall, clients raise Pleasure-Related Topics slightly more often than practitioners.
The idea of "code words" for taboo subjects was introduced. When asked to consider what common "code words" their clients use in place of saying "pleasure", the Practitioners listed: Joy, Enjoyment, Desire, Happiness, Peace, Love, and Intimacy. When asked to consider what common "code words" their clients use in place of saying "pleasure-related shame", the Practitioners listed: Indulgent, Dangerous, Risky, Selfish, Destructive, Guilty, Sinful, Wrong.
After the Practitioners spent 3-hours in the workshop learning about and discussing Pleasure-Related Topics with their colleagues, they registered that their clients were bringing up Pleasure-Related Topics more than they had realized. Several Practitioners expressed that they likely have missed opportunities to support their client's self-awareness.
Pleasure wasn't even on my radar at all – professionally or even personally – and now I'm being more conscious. Pleasure is important to me, but it's never talked about. Therapist
Most Practitioners agreed they would now be more alert for "code words" and some Practitioners decided to include Pleasure-Related Topics in their client intake process.
Finding #2: Key Areas of Concerns
Three Key Areas of Concern showed up from this research:
- Information & Skill Gap
- Lacking Recognition of Pleasure-Related Issues
- Managing Personal Reactions.
Within each area, the Practitioners expressed the following specific concerns:
Key Area: Information & Skill Gap
- "Competency in addressing these topics"
- "An academic understanding of these terms/topics/areas"
- "Information about what pleasure is, what blocks pleasure, pleasure limits"
- "New approaches"
Near the end of the workshop, a coach put her pen down and asked to share. She had begun the workshop intending to gain information to support her clients more effectively. She shared that she now understood it was just as important to examine her awareness around Pleasure-Related Topics.
Key Area: Lacking Recognition of Pleasure-Related Issues
- "How to recognize when a client is experiencing pleasure-related shame."
- "Identifying and speaking about unidentified shame (they don't resonate with the word shame because its unconscious or they're too ashamed to admit being ashamed)"
- "Information about what pleasure is, what blocks pleasure, permission to feel pleasure"
- "How to speak with others to encourage them to explore and discover their pleasure."
- "A better understanding of pleasure, intimacy, and body-relatedness and how to recognize when a client needs help in one of these areas."
- "Bridging language for people who may be uncomfortable talking about sex and shame."
- "It has not come up so far with clients"
- "Most of my clients are business clients, we don't speak about these things and I know that they impact all areas of our lives."
Before the workshop, a therapist shared with me over the phone that she was nervous to bring up the topic with her all-female clients. She didn't think she had achieved enough success around pleasure in her own life. She shared her struggles taking time for herself as a solopreneur, her challenges with body-image issues, and her difficulties communicating with her partner about intimate issues.
Key Area: Managing Personal Reactions
- "Having an open mindset for the topic"
- "How to address my triggers when they arise in session."
- "Learning something that might relate to me personally in terms of intimacy in my partnership as well as how this topic can be useful in my coaching practice."
- "Feeling more comfortable and open when it comes to talking about Pleasure Related Topics with my clients."
- "Have a more positive attitude towards pleasure. Be better accepting of pleasure and drop the judgment."
- "More confidence."
During the case study debrief, a therapist shared that he had experienced a personal reaction when another Practitioner raised a Pleasure-Related Topic that he considered morally questionable. He was shocked by his judgemental reaction since he considered himself to be very open-minded.
Finding #3: Exposed Blind Spot:
The Practitioners all shared that they began the workshop with a "blind-spot" around supporting their clients with Pleasure-Related Topics.
The Practitioners shared the following specific blindspots that came into view for them:
- "Allowing others to truly tap into what are their pleasure, as well as my own."
- "Shame is often not explored in my practice."
- "My struggles with talking about pleasure with my clients."
- "Understanding of what I didn


When the heat is on, student learning suffers
Credit: CC0 Public Domain
Heat waves are taking their toll on schoolchildren, particularly those from low-income families and minority groups. That is one takeaway from a new research study examining the impact of cumulative heat exposure on cognitive skill development, co-authored by Harvard Kennedy School Associate Professor Joshua Goodman.
Hotter countries tend to be poorer. Hotter countries also tend to score lower on measurements. Goodman and his fellow researchers examined the of millions of American high students to determine whether heat had an impact on their academic achievement.
The findings were clear: students scored lower when they had just experienced a hot school year than when they had just experience a cool school year; low-income and minority students were impacted by heat more than others; and in schools all but completely eliminated the impact of heat.
"We show that only school-day exposure to higher temperatures affects test scores; hot summers and weekends have little impact on achievement and controlling for such exposure does not shrink the magnitude of impact of hot school days," the authors write. "This suggests that heat's disruption of instruction or homework time is responsible for the observed drop in test scores."
The drop in performance is significant, the research showed. On average, fell by the equivalent of 1 percent of a year's worth of learning for each additional degree Fahrenheit in temperature during the year preceding the exam.
The impacts are exacerbated for low-income students and those from. "For students living in zip codes in the lowest quintile of average income, a one degree Fahrenheit hotter prior school year is three times as damaging to academic achievement as it is for those living in the highest quintile of income," the authors report. "Similarly, the impact of heat on achievement is three times as large for black and Hispanic students as for white students."
But having air conditioning in classrooms changes everything, the research showed, offsetting nearly all of the damaging impacts of cumulative heat exposure on achievement. "School air conditioning penetration reported in 2016 mitigates the adverse effect of hot temperatures substantially, such that moving from a school with no air-conditioned classrooms to a school with all air-conditioned classrooms reduces the impact by approximately 78 percent," they write.
Goodman and his fellow researchers state that their study could influence thinking around achievement gaps, the impact of global climate change, and the benefits of keeping classrooms cool.
"We argue that heat effects account for up to 13 percent of the U.S. racial achievement gap, both because black and Hispanic students live in hotter places than white students and because heat damages minority students' achievement more than'achievement," they write. "We estimate that school air conditioning would offset over $25,000 per classroom per year in future lost earnings due to temperature increases predicted by climate change models. The… benefits appear substantially larger than the costs of installing and operating such infrastructure."
The study was based on data from 10 million American students from the high school classes of 2001 to 2014 who took the PSAT exam multiple times.
Explore further
Better breakfast, better grades
More information: Heat and Learning. NBER Working Paper Series. _URL_ … man/files/w24639.pdf
Provided by Harvard Kennedy School
Citation: When the heat is on, student learning suffers (2018, May 30) retrieved 1 August 2021 from _URL_
Feedback to editors
User comments


text:
What Is a Diaphragm on a Microscope?
A diaphragm on a microscope is the piece that enables the user to adjust the amount of light that is focused under the specimen being observed. A diaphragm is typically found on higher-power microscopes versus less expensive or toy models.
The diaphragm is located directly under the stage or platform where user places the specimen or slide. The diaphragm disc, sometimes called an iris, has tiny holes in it that let varying degrees of light in under the specimen. By opening the diaphragm, an item that at first appears too dark is easier to observe. Adjusting the diaphragm can also create contrast for better viewing transparent specimens.


Everything About LiPo Battery for Racing Drones
FPV racing drones are fueled by LiPo batteries, they are able to store and deliver large amount of power. In this guide you will learn how to read the spec of LiPo for your mini quad, and how to choose and handle them safely.
Disclaimer: All information on this page should be considered as general advice. Ensuring battery safety is your own responsibility and you should use the information on this page at your own risk.
Are LiPo Battery Safe?
There are many reasons why LiPo batteries might catch on fire. That tends to only happen when you don't handle them properly or when they are physically damaged. If you're gentle with your batteries you should be okay.
What LiPo Should I Buy?
Maybe you are not interested in learning about LiPo, and just want to know what battery to get? Here are the batteries I have tried and recommend: Best 4S Lipo batteries, and Best 6S LiPo batteries.
However I do suggest going through this article carefully to learn about how to handle LiPo because safety is extremely important!
Content Index
The Basics about LiPo Batteries for Mini Quad
Lithium polymer batteries, more commonly known as LiPo, have high energy density, high discharge rate and light weight which make them a great candidate or RC applications.
By learning the basics about LiPo batteries, you will be able to read and understand their specifications.
LiPo battery label explained: voltage, capacity, cell count (s)
Battery Voltage and Cell Count (S)
LiPo batteries exist in cells, each LiPo cell has a nominal voltage of 3.7V. If higher voltage is required, these cells can be connected in series to form a single battery.
We don't normally refer to the battery voltage, but how many cells in the battery, or how many "S".
1S = 1 cell = 3.7V
2S = 2 cells = 7.4V
3S = 3 cells = 11.1V
4S = 4 cells = 14.8V
5S = 5 cells = 18.5V
6S = 6 cells = 22.2V
For example, we call a 14.8V battery a "4-cell" or "4S" battery.
Voltage affects brushless motors RPM directly, therefore you could use higher cell count batteries to increase your quadcopter's speed if your motor/ESC and other electroincs support higher voltage. (here is a discussion about the differences between 3S and 4S on a mini quad)
But a battery with more cells of the same capacity is heavier since it contains more cells. To make a 4S 1000mah battery, you could simply combine two 2S 1000mah, or one 3S 1000mah with an 1S 1000mah.
Nominal voltage for LiPo battery cell is 3.7V. However it's not the voltage of the battery either when it's fully charged or fully discharged. The number is come up by manufacturers, and It's near the middle of safe voltage range, so I guess that kind of makes sense.
LiPo battery is designed to operate within a safe voltage range, from 3V to 4.2V. Discharging below 3V could cause irreversible performance lost and even damage to the battery. Over-charging above 4.2V could be dangerous and eventually cause fire.
However it's advisable to stop discharging when it reaches 3.5V for battery health reasons. For example for a 3S Lipo, the max voltage is 12.6V, and you should land when the voltage reaches 10.5V (at 3.5V per cell).
LiPo Battery Capacity and Size
The capacity of a LiPo battery is measured in mAh (milli-amp hours). "mAh" is basically an indication of how much current you can draw from the battery for an hour until it's empty.
For example, for a 1300 mAh Lipo, it would take an hour to be completely discharged if you draw a constant 1.3A current from it. If the current draw doubles at 2.6A, the duration would be halved (1.3/2.6=0.5). If you draw 39A of current non-stop, this pack would only last 2 minutes (1.3/39=1/30 of an hour).
Increasing your battery capacity might give you longer flight time, but it will also get heavier in weight and larger in physical size. There is a trade-off between capacity and weight, that affects flight time and agility of the aircraft. I wrote a guide about building a simple mathematics model to find out optimal Lipo capacity for longer flight time, which you might find interesting.
Higher capacity could also give you higher discharge current as you will see in the next section.
Note that, 1000mAh = 1Ah.
C Rating (Discharge Rate)
Lipo batteries for quadcopters these days all come with a C rating. By knowing the C rating and capacity of a battery, we can in theory calculate the safe, continuous max discharge current of a LiPo battery.
Maximum Discharge Current = C-Rating * Capacity
For example an 1300mAh 50C battery has an estimated continuous max discharge current of 65A.
Some batteries come with two C-ratings: "continuous" and "burst" ratings. The Burst rating is only applicable in short period of time (e.g. 10 seconds).
This article explains the significance of C rating. Although C rating could be an useful tool, it has become mostly a marketing tools nowadays.
If C rating is too low, the battery will have a hard time delivering the current to your motors, and your quad will be under powered. You could even damage the battery if current draw exceeds safety rating.
When C rating is higher than what's required, you won't gain much performance improvement. Instead the battery would be heavier and you will be carrying extra weight that reduces your flight time.
Discharge Lead (Main Connector)
Rule of thumb, the battery connector should match the one you are using on your copter. If you don't own a quad yet, choose one, and stick with it.
All Lipo batteries come with 2 sets of wires/connectors: a balance lead and a main lead or discharge lead (Except for 1S batteries which only have a main lead). There are quite a few different connectors used in LiPo batteries. The main differences are shape, weight and current rating.
NameImageRecommended Cells
JST-XHBalance Lead
Pico Blade1S
Deans (T)
1S Battery Connectors
1S connectors are tiny and have very low current rating. They are commonly used in brushed micro quadcopters.
2S-6S Battery Connectors
You will find a lot more different types of battery connectors in this category, in fact not all are listed here. But majority of them are not used that often so you don't need to ever worry about them. For mini quad, the most popular connector is probably the XT60.
However since XT60 is only rated at 60A, and mini quad are running at higher and higher current and voltage, we might soon see a change in the popular connector used.
This article gives you some more insight into electrical wires and XT60 connectors.
Balance Connector
Balance lead or connector is used for checking voltages of each cell. You will need connect it to the charger while charging, as it's extremely important to ensure all cell voltages are equal to avoid over-charging any cell.
The number of wires in a balance lead starts at 3 for a 2S LiPo, and that number increase by 1 for every increment in cell count.
This post explains how to repair damaged balance lead.
LiPo battery balance leads
Internal Resistance
Internal resistance (IR) can be used to measure how good a LiPo battery is. The lower the value, the better. Higher internal resistance reduces performance. Internal resistance increases over time and usage which is inevitable and irreversible.
I have a whole article explaining the significance of IR, and how to measure it.
LiHV is a different type of LiPo battery, HV stands for "high voltage". They are more energy dense than traditional LiPo battery, and allow to be charged up to 4.35V per cell. However there are mix reviews out there regarding the longevity of LiHV, as they might have decrease in performance sooner than normal LiPo's.
In this post I compared a LiHV battery with a LiPo in terms of performance.
How to choose LiPo battery for quadcopters?
To choose the best Lipo battery for your quad, you first need to know your requirement, the preferred cell count, and what would be the max discharge current.
Find Out How Much Current Your Drone Can Draw
Once you have decided on your choice of motors and propellers size, you should be able to find data online related to that requirement. For example, I am going to use this motor with 5040×3 props, at 100% throttle it draws 36.7A.
The total max current draw for a quad of 4 motors would be 36.7 x 4 = 146.8A at 100% throttle. If you want to play safe, you could just use this figure and find the battery you want. But for me, I


text:
Information Technology | Fort Carson, CO, US
Zapata Technology is seeking an DCGS-A Field Service Analyst Journeyman in Fort Carson, CO.
Check out the details below and our awesome benefits here.
- Deploy, configure, and document complex VMware environments including but not limited to engineering designs and recommendations, deployment plans, system configurations, assembly guides and operational smart books.
- Install, configure, and maintain the vCenter server instance and it's applicable database server/services.
- Install and configure DCGS-A systems which include GWS, IFS, and P-MFWS.
- Install configure, and maintain all ESX/ESXi hosts within the environment.
- Create virtual machines in support of POR system fielding, integration, and/or expansion.
- Create, configure, and maintain resource clusters ensuring an efficient and balanced environment for all tenant POR systems.
- Manages Virtual Machine snapshots to reduce overall impact to the system storage environment.
- Document all configurations, changes, and proposed changes.
- Ensure the control, integrity and accessibility of the VMware environment for the enterprise through compliance and usage of industry best practices and methods.
- Ensure utilization of proper change management procedures regarding the installation and testing of all upgrades and enhancements for VMware infrastructure.
- Ensure proper initial installation as well as subsequent installations of updates/patches.
- Perform regular checks of system components for errors and application of necessary corrective action.
- Provide technical support to internal and external users. To include tenant POR system administrators.
- Troubleshoot problems and take corrective action on a timely and effective basis.
- Provide routine status updates to organizational leadership.
- Coordinate virtual environment infrastructure resource requirements with organizational IT resource management to ensure timely access to storage, networking, and backup/archive solution resources.
- Performs remote administration to secondary sites as assigned.
- Provide adhoc support to tenant POR server administrators.
- May be required to perform routing server management functions for servers located in the Management servers group of the Fixed Site Server Segment. Primary responsibility will be for the vCenter Server.
- May be required to work as Tier I, II and III Support.
Required Qualifications and Skills include:
- DoD 8570 IAT Level II (CompTIA Security +)
- Knowledge of DCGS-A setup and installation
- Knowledge of Oracle database administration
- Strong working knowledge of Internet networking technologies and principles including TCP/IP and DNS.
- Experience utilizing remote access capabilities such as putty, cygwin, etc….
- Experience utilizing vClient application to access enterprise assets.
- Experience creating and managing virtual machines.
- Experience performing IAVA, OS, and application patching/updates.
Preferred Qualifications and Skills include:
- Any other DCGS-A systems administration experience.
- Experience working in a fast past multifaceted environment preferred.
- Experience with VMware benchmark tools and capacity management applications preferred.
- Experience integrating with Symantec Netbackup solutions desired.
- Experience operating in a DoD Intelligence environment or other national level agency preferred
- Bachelor's degree in Electronics Engineering or a related scientific or technical discipline is required with 3 years of experience. Or, 3 additional years of applicable experience may be substituted for the degree.
Requires TS/SCI clearance.
Equal Opportunity Employer – M/F/Disabled/Veteran
Qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sex, national origin, sexual orientation, gender identity, disability or protected veteran status.
Zapata Technology, Inc. provides reasonable accommodation to applicants who are veterans or who have disabilities and are unable to fully use our company application system. If you need a reasonable accommodation for any part of the application and hiring process, please notify Christina Hall, EEO Coordinator at _EMAIL_


text:
Authorities say they've confirmed that a puppy in southwestern Michigan contracted Eastern equine encephalitis, a potentially deadly viral disease.
The Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development and the Michigan State University's Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health on Wednesday confirmed the case in an 8-week-old Van Buren County puppy.
Officials say it may be the first such case in a dog in Michigan.
Officials say the puppy was euthanized.
The disease is rare but can be deadly among humans.
It's spread by mosquitoes.
It typically affects people, horses and poultry, but also can occur in other mammals, reptiles and amphibians.
Health officials say people should take steps to avoid being bitten by mosquitoes and horses should be vaccinated.
For more information on diseases found in Michigan Click HERE.


From CAF Network
Mission mission statement
The mission explains the core purpose of the organisation, what the organisation should achieve for its stakeholders and why the organisation exists. The mission of a public sector organisation results from a public policy and/or statutory mandates. The final goals an organisation sets out to achieve in the context of its mission are formulated in its vision. A mission statement is a written declaration which remains unchanged over a longer time and defines:
 - What is the purpose of the organisation?
 - What kind of productsor services are provided?
 - Who are the primary customers?
 - What are the values of the organisation?


Take the 2-minute tour ×
What is the best method for finding impulse peaks (dirac delta) in a 2d matrix.
More specifically, I would like to find the harmonic frequencies of a given image and so I need to find impulse peaks in the image absolute value DFT.
I thought of using findpeaks but there's no 2d version. I also saw earlier posts regarding finding ordinary peaks using imdilate and/or imextendedmax but those find all the peaks in a 2d matrix whereas I am only interested in impulse peaks. I am sure DSP people have a common recipe for this...
Please Help,
share|improve this question
Define an "impulse peak". – Oli Charlesworth Nov 21 '10 at 23:23
I'm looking for frequencies in which the Fourier Transform absolute value takes a value of a Dirac delta function at that frequency (infinity). Obviously, for a DFT you don't expect to see infinity but a major peak. Problem is how to find those peaks in 2d and how to distinguish them from normal (lower, non impulse) peaks. – smichak Nov 22 '10 at 5:28
add comment
3 Answers
up vote 4 down vote accepted
What you want to do is find peaks with high contrast. Thus, you need a way to identify local maxima, plus a way to measure the difference between the peak and the surrounding values. Thresholding on this difference will identify the impulse peaks for you.
Assuming your input signal is called signal
%# dilate to find, for every pixel, the maximum of its neighbors
dilationMask = ones(3);
dilationMask(5) = 0;
dilSignal = imdilate(signal, dilationMask);
%# find all peaks
%# peaks = signal > dilSignal;
%# find large peaks peaks by thresholding, i.e. you accept a peak only
%# if it's more than 'threshold' higher than its neighbors
peaks = (signal - dilSignal) > threshold;
peaks is a logical array with 1's wherever there is a good peak. You can use it to read peak heights from signal with signal(peaks), and to find coordinates using find(peaks).
share|improve this answer
OK - that's a start... but how do I choose threshold? I assume it should depend on the input signal. Is there a good method /rule of thumb for choosing it? – smichak Nov 22 '10 at 20:50
They're Dirac peaks, so the threshold is infinity :P. Joking aside, there is no single best way of choosing a threshold. You can try and run graythresh on signal-dilSignal if there are two clear peaks, one for signal and one for noise. You can also set the threshold as 3 robust standard deviations (median absolute deviation) of the signal. Maybe you can even decide on a fixed value if all your data is very consistent, and the height of the peak has an easily identifiable meaning. – Jonas Nov 22 '10 at 22:26
OK - that sounds promising... I will go with that. – smichak Nov 23 '10 at 5:53
add comment
This paper I wrote contains Matlab source code for fast local peak detection in 2D. It works similar to imregionalmax() in Mathworks Image Processing Toolbox but allows you to specify a local neighborhood radius: bigger radius -> sparser peaks.
Since you expect sparse impulses, the nonmaxsupp_scanline() function may be suitable for you.
share|improve this answer
add comment
The findpeaks() algorithm is pretty trivial; if an element is bigger than both its neighbours, then it is a peak. Writing a 2D version of this should be pretty simple.
share|improve this answer
add comment
Your Answer


text:
I just do not let them use any copy written or registered trademarks. I
find the kids are more creative, rather then using a familiar symbol,
they have to come up with something unique. There is quite a bit of
moaning and groaning at first, but eventually, they just get used to it
and don't argue with me anymore.
Brookings Middle School
From: Jackie Brewer [_EMAIL_]
Sent: Thursday, February 15, 2007 11:20 AM
To: TeacherArtExchange Discussion Group
Subject: [teacherartexchange] familiar images
What I am curious about in many examples I see using technology with art
is the use of familiar images, such as the Nike symbol or Bart Simpson.
Are teachers having students write for permission to use these symbols
in works or art, or do they just let them do it. I am aware of one
situation in a state competition that a student used Spiderman mixed
with a self portrait. For all purposes, the artwork would have been
disqualified but on the back of the work, along with the intent form,
was a letter giving the student permission to use the work. In the long
run, the person with the copyright,wanted a sample of the finsihed
piece. I know that there are many views on what is permissible and what
is not. As a teacher who does have Art and Technology use in the
classroom, a lot, I try to make it a habit that if a student does wish
to use a familiar icon, such as Spiderman, then they have to get
permission to use it. Yes, it does take time but I feel in the long
run, it also gives the student the chance to have contact with
companies, artist, etc. and also provides insight into doing what is
With all that being said, how do you as a teacher handle this.
Me - students must have permission to use any familiar icons.


text:
|Joseph R. Guerci and E. H. Feria
The City University of New York (CUNY)
New York, NY 10021
S. Unnikrishna Pillai
Abstract New multichannel whitening filter design methodologies are introduced with the purpose of providing more "efficient'' space-time interference suppression than traditional full-degree-of-freedom adaptive strategies, such as the batch sample matrix inverse (SMI) approach. Efficiency is measured in terms of the degree of interference suppression achieved versus both computational complexity and statistical rate of convergence. This latter design consideration stems from the need to minimize the number of adjacent range-bin samples used to form the requisite statistics, thereby relaxing the interference "stationarity'' assumption implicit in all space-time adaptive processing (STAP) methodologies.
This presentation introduces two distinct multichannel space-time design methodologies. The first technique is based on incorporating ideas from multichannel statistical data compression, viz., multichannel "predictive'' and "transform'' coding. The resulting "predictive-transform'' (PT) space-time array processor is presented which optimally integrates two distinct array processing strategies, viz., optimum multichannel sidelobe cancellation ("prediction'') and optimum beamforming ("transformation''). The second method is based on a recently developed, comprehensive multichannel system identification technique which guarantees stable and rational approximations. The technique is based on the powerful concepts of positive functions and bounded functions. The efficiency of these approaches is illustrated via an application to adaptive airborne MTI radar where it is demonstrated that better (and near optimal) interference suppression is achieved than the full-degree-of-freedom sample matrix approach, with less implementation complexity, when reasonable limitations on the interference "stationarity'' assumption are imposed.
Direct comments and questions to: _EMAIL_
© MIT Lincoln Laboratory. All rights reserved.


text:
Stile Understanding Texts Book 10
The Stile Tray (sold seperately) is the key to the self-checking activities of the Key Stage 2 programme. Pupils answer the questions by simply placing each of the twelve numbered tiles on the appropriate square on the base of the tray. When all the tiles have been placed, they close the tray, turn it over, and reopen it to reveal a geometric pattern. If the answers?are all correct, the pattern will match the one printed at the top of the exercise. There are many different accompanying workbooks for use with the Stile Tray, covering Literacy, Maths and Dyslexia. A collection of 96 funny, factual and fictional exercises. This book offers a systematic approach to the teaching of key aspects of Literacy for children aged 7-11. The materials are also suitable for the practice and reinforcement of key skills with older children with additional and special educational needs. Concentrating on understanding and interpreting texts these passages and questions will reinforce and develop key comprehension skills. Children can access text in a meaningful and appropriate way, developing both their independence and their confidence.
- 16-pages (246 x 168mm)
- Teacher's notes.
Book content is the same as in our Stile Literacy programme.
Starter Stile Tray sold separately: ACMT00705


Earning to give is the pursuit of a lucrative career with the purpose of donating a significant portion of the earnings to cost-effective organizations.
The value of earning to give may not be immediately obvious, since people tend to think of ethical jobs as those with a direct positive impact. A useful framing for comparing the social impact of earning to give with that of traditional careers in the nonprofit sector is to consider whether someone pursuing a lucrative career could earn enough to fund at least one nonprofit worker as competent as himor herself. This will often be the case because there is considerable salary variation across career-types, because money is a fungible resource that can fund many different causes, and because the impact of a charity worker is usually only marginally higher than that of its counterfactual replacement (MacAskill 2014).
Although this approach has sometimes been represented as the highest impact type of career, 80,000 Hours currently believes that it is the best option for only a small proportion of members of the effective altruism community (MacAskill 2015). To a significant extent, this follows from the fact that the most promising causes tend to be talent-constrained rather than funding-constrained (Todd 2015)....
(Read More)


Hallmark Card Studio for Mac requires internet access. This is true even for boxed versions on DVD.
If you are getting errors saying it cannot connect to the internet, or it cannot load some of the designs, please start by verifying that you have a good, constant connection to the internet. The program requires it.
If your Mac is currently connected, you should check your anti-virus, firewall or anti-malware software on your computer.
Often it is one of these programs blocking the Hallmark program's access to the internet.
In some instances the connection may be too slow, or have too much latency for the program.
This is especially true on satellite internet (such as HughesNet), internet via a cellular connection, dialup, and some slower DSL ISPs under 1 megabit.
You can clear cache by following those steps
1. Close the program thru Hallmark Card Studio>Quit Hallmark Card studio, or via Force Quit
2. Use Go To Folder, in the Finder's Go menu (also accessible by pressing Shift+Command+G)
3.Type in ~/Library and click Go
4. Double-click "Application Support" folder
5. Double-click "Hallmark Card Studio" folder
6.Drag the Backup folder to the Trash bin
 7.Re-launch Hallmark Card Studio, click Choose A Design


cut up logs, limbs, and treetops downed by the storm. Or call the local power company, as it is likely to accumulate logs, limbs, and tops while maintaining power line rights of way. In some areas, firewood is made readily available on public lands. Check with your nearest forest service district ranger or county extension agent.
Another option is to get permission to harvest leftover treetops in freshly logged areas. In the days when my husband and I cut firewood for income, we made our best money when a local logger let us harvest firewood from the slash he left behind. And don't overlook dead or spent orchard trees as a good source of wood. In areas that have restrictions against burning, commercial orchards welcome any offer to cart away spent trees.
The nice thing about cutting your own is that you learn to recognize fuelwood by the kind of tree it comes from, making it easy to load your stove according to the type of fire you want to produce. But even if you take the shortcut and purchase your wood already split, you'll build better fires if you take time to acquaint yourself with the properties of the wood you use for fuel.
Measuring Fuelwood
In most parts of the country, wood is measured by the cord. In our area, it comes by the rick. What's the difference?
A cord of wood is defined as the volume of wood that could be stacked 8 ft long x 4 ft high x 4 ft deep (128 cu ft). Of this, only about 80 cu ft is solid wood. The rest is bark and air.
If you buy your firewood by the cord, it is not necessary to take the trouble stacking it to those exact dimensions in order to be sure that you're getting the full measure. Instead, stack it any way that's convenient for you, then multiply the length of the stack times the height times the depth (measured in feet). Then divide by 128. If the result is less or more than 1, you received less or more than the full cord that you paid for.
A rick is the volume of wood that could be stacked 8 ft long x 4 ft high x the depth of the pieces being stacked. A rick is sometimes called a tier or a face cord; this makes sense because it has no specific depth. The surface area of the face of a rick should be 32 sq ft. To determine if you have a full rick, multiply the length of the stack times its height (measured in feet) and divide by 32. If the result is less or more than 1, you have less or more than a rick.
Because a rick lacks specific depth, it has no specific volume. It therefore can't be rigidly defined in terms of a cord, which sometimes leads to confusion. Most of our firewood customers wanted 18-in. wood, so most of the ricks we sold were 3/8 of a cord. A few of our customers ordered cookstove wood cut to 16 in., so their ricks were 1/3 of a cord. For fireplaces, we sometimes cut 24-in. lengths, so a rick of fireplace logs equals 1/2 a cord. If some Goliath with an outsized stove wanted fuelwood in 4-ft lengths, a rick would equal a cord.
In our area, firewood for sale is "ricked up" so customers can see that they're getting full measure. We used to set up a series of metal fence posts 8 ft apart and stack the wood between them to a height of 4 ft. When we delivered wood in our old Dodge pickup bed, measuring was easy. By neatly loading the wood in parallel rows — stacked level with the top of the bed, then heaped slightly at the middle to make up for the space used by the wheel wells — we had exactly one rick of 18-in. sticks. You can determine the holding capacity of your own vehicle by ricking up a split of firewood, then loading it on and remembering how it falls.
Whether ricked up or stacked by the cord, firewood is more often sold by volume than by weight. If two ricks or cords cost the same amount but one contains denser wood than the other, it is clearly the better buy. If you live in one of the rare areas where fuelwood is sold by weight, make sure you examine it carefully and buy the driest wood possible so you won't be paying extra for water.
How Much Is Enough?
For most of us, figuring out how much wood to stockpile for the winter is pretty much a hit or miss proposition. One year we get too much, the next year not enough. If you're among those who like to go about things a bit more scientifically, this formula will help you determine how much you'll need to get through a typical winter in your area:
(sq ft. of area to be heated) x (BTUs needed/sq ft) x degree days
BTUs per Cord
To heat each square foot of well-insulated living space, you'll need 28 BTUs. If your house is poorly insulated, figure about 45 BTU/sq ft.
Degree days represent how much the mean outdoor temperature varies from 65°F during the heating period. For example, a day with an average temperature of 25°F has 40 degree days (65 minus 25). Ask a local distributor of gas, oil, or electricity if you're not sure.
Let's say the space you want to heat is 15 x 30 ft (450 sq ft) and is well insulated (28 BTUs needed per sq ft). The local gas guy tells you that your area has 4,000 degree days and you're lucky enough to have a good source for white oak, which will give you 23,300,000 BTUs per cord:
450 x 28 x 4,000 = 2.12 cords at 23,300,000 BTUs per cord
Theoretically, you'll need about 1 3/4 cords to get through a typical winter. I say theoretically because the actual number of BTUs produced by the wood you use will depend on how dry the wood is, how resinous it is, and the volume of solid wood per cord (in other words, how tightly it's stacked). Any chart listing BTUs per cord lists only averages determined under ideal conditions. Still, such a chart gives you a good starting place for your calculations. You should be able to get a comprehensive chart listing the BTU values of most firewood species from your nearest forestry or extension office. Or you can start with our Wood Fuel Properties Chart.
Heating Efficiency
Because not all of the heat produced by burning wood is recovered, to convert your theoretical number into a more accurate measure, factor in the efficiency of your heating appliance. If you heat with a modern wood stove (or a fireplace with a catalytic combustor) that recovers 70% of the heat, divide 1.73 by 0.7 and you find that 2 1/2 cords should get you through the winter. If you use an older wood stove with a heating efficiency of 50%, you'll need closer to 3 1/2 cords (1.73/0.5). And if you rely on a fireplace that sends 90% of its heat up the chimney, you had better stockpile a whopping 17 cords.
You can save some of that wood for next winter by closing the damper after a fire dies down and by improving the fireplace's heating efficiency with commercial glass doors.
Whether you use an old or new stove or fireplace, you'll surely be inspired to improve its efficiency when you discover that every time you cart in a cord of seasoned hardwood, you tote 2 tons of fuel.
Post a comment below.
First Name: *
Last Name: *
Address: *
City: *
State/Province: *
Zip/Postal Code:*
(* indicates a required item)
Canadian Subscribers - Click Here
Non US and Canadian Subscribers - Click Here
Lighten the Strain on the Earth and Your Budget


X-ray style,manner of depicting animals by drawing or painting the skeletal frame and internal organs,. It is one of the characteristic styles of the art of some prehistoric hunting cultures.
origin of the
style can be
traced to
seen in the Mesolithic art of northern Europe (c. 8000–2700 BC), where
the earliest
early examples
were found on fragments of bone in southern France dating from the late Magdalenian Period. Animals painted in the X-ray motif
have been found, but animals with internal motifs have also been discovered in the art of hunting cultures in
northern Spain,
Siberia, the Arctic Circle, North America, western New Guinea, New Ireland, India, and Malaysia. It is found today primarily in the Aboriginal rock
, cave,
art and bark paintings of eastern Arnhem Land, in northern Australia.
Figures painted in X-ray style vary in size up to, reaching 8 feet (2.5 metres) in length and are delicate, polychromed renderings. The style is also sometimes used to render delicate polychromed images of the interior cavity of the animal. Images are known in which only the outline and the skeleton of the bird, fish, or mammal are indicated, and the entire internal system of organs is expressed by a "life line," a single, horizontal line that runs from the animal's mouth to a dot representing the heart or stomach. Whether the depiction of an animal in the X-ray style had particular religious symbolism is not known.


text:
Many Web sites need to be updated frequently so that the information they present doesn't become stale. But the presence of new information may not be obvious to readers unless you make a systematic effort to inform them. If items that appear on your home page menu are updated, you could place a "new" graphic next to each updated item. If, however, your site is complex, with many levels of information spread over dozens (or hundreds) of pages, you might consider making a "What's New" page designed specifically to inform users of updated information throughout the site.
Every Web page in a corporate or institutional site should carry a revision date that is changed each time the page is updated so that users can be sure they have the latest version. Many readers print pages from the Web. Without a revision date, your readers have no way of telling whether the page they printed is current or outdated.


Meet 'URL': the newest canine police recruit who sniffs out storage devices
A 16-month old black labrador retriever who was rescued from the pound as a puppy is the latest police dog to start a highly specialized new job: sniffing out hidden electronic devices during police searches.
His name: URL.
Given that URL was trained by the same trainer as Bear – another black lab who played a key role in the arrest of Subway pitchman Jared Fogle on charges of child abuse imagery – he's been dubbed Utah's first "porn dog."
Bear, like URL, was rescued from a shelter.
The dogs' trainer, Todd Jordan, spent six months training URL on a food-reward system: URL gets a handful of food when he discovers a hidden device at a command of "Seek!"
URL is now working for the Weber County Sheriff's Office, which said that he's one of only nine certified electronic detection canines (ED K-9s) in the country, and the only one in the western states of the US.
Two years ago, Rhode Island became the second state in the US to take on the services of an ED K-9. That yellow lab's name was Thoreau.
These dogs obviously can't detect what content is on the electronic storage devices, but they're blood hounds when it comes to discerning certain substances.
Of course, in the case of ED K-9s, it's not blood they're searching for: it's the materials used in the storage devices, such as cellphones, SIM cards, SD cards, external hard drives, thumb drives, iPads or other tablets.
"[URL's] highly sensitive nose has been trained to detect the unique chemical compounds found in the certain electronic components," the sheriff's office said. "Whether it's child porn, terrorism intelligence, narcotics or financial crimes information, URL has the ability to find evidence hidden on basically any electronic memory device."
That can include, for example, a thumb drive encased in a tin hidden deep in a metal cabinet, or a hard drive sealed inside a plastic bag on the upper shelf of a desk.
When people don't want their electronic storage devices found, those are the places they'll try to hide them. Police say that people also tuck devices behind ceiling tins or stuff them into radios.
Police might miss those spots, but a dog's sharp nose will uncover such hidden devices.
The sheriff's office said that URL will help out investigators as they search for hidden memory storage devices, as well as in corrections facilities to seek for contraband such as mobile phones.


Keyboard shortcuts and commands
 1. Key mapping
 1. Map commands
 2. Map options
 3. Mapping timeout
 4. Key sequences
 5. Special characters
 2. Abbreviations
 3. User-defined commands
 1. Grouping
 2. Argument handling
 3. Argument completion
 4. Custom completion
 5. Count handling
 6. Special cases
 7. Command description
 8. Replacement text
 4. Examples
Pentadactyl provides a number of commands to change the behavior of key presses. This can mean anything from automatically substituting one key for another or automatically replacing one typed word for another, to launching a dialog or running a command.
Key mapping
Key mappings are the most basic means Pentadactyl provides for altering the actions of key presses. Each key mapping is associated with a mode, such as Insert, Normal, or Command Line, and only has effect when that mode is active. Although each mode has a full suite of internal mappings, they may be easily augmented, altered, or removed with the :map command and its variants. These commands, in essence, allow the user to quickly substitute one sequence of key presses for another. For instance,
:map :echo Date()
causes ":echo Date()" to be typed out whenever is pressed, thus echoing the full date to the command line.
Standard key mapping commands are provided for the five most common modes,
Normal mode: When browsing normally
Visual mode: When selecting text with the cursor keys
Insert mode: When interacting with text fields on a website
Text Edit mode: When editing text fields in Vim-like Normal mode
Command Line mode: When typing into the Pentadactyl command line
The ordinary :map and :noremap commands add mappings for Normal and Visual mode. In order to map key bindings in a different mode, any of the mapping commands may be prefixed with one of the above letters. For instance, :imap creates a new key mapping in Insert mode, while :cunmap removes a key mapping from Command Line mode. Other modes can be specified using the -modes option described below.
Warning: It is important to note that mappings are not automatically saved between sessions. In order to preserve them, they must either be added to your pentadactylrc or saved via the :mkpentadactylrc command.
The following tree represents all of the modes understood by dactyl. Mappings for a mode also apply to its children and descendants. So a mapping in the Base mode, for instance, is also active in Normal and Ex mode.
Map commands
:map {lhs} {rhs}
:nm[ap] {lhs} {rhs}
:vm[ap] {lhs} {rhs}
:im[ap] {lhs} {rhs}
:tm[ap] {lhs} {rhs}
:cm[ap] {lhs} {rhs}
Map the key-sequence {lhs} to {rhs} for the applicable mode(s). The keys of {rhs} respect user-defined mappings, so the following will result in an infinite loop,
:map a b
:map b a
In order to avoid this shortcoming, the :noremap command or the -builtin option may be used.
Below is an overview of which modes each map command applies to:
:map :noremap :unmap
Normal and Visual modes
:nmap :nnoremap :nunmap
Normal mode
:vmap :vnoremap :vunmap
Visual mode
:imap :inoremap :iunmap
Insert mode
:tmap :tnoremap :tunmap
Text Edit mode
:cmap :cnoremap :cunmap
Command Line mode
Note: The -modes option, described below, provides a more flexible way to specify the applicable modes.
Map options
Any of the map commands may be given the following options:
Accept an argument after the requisite key press. Sets the arg parameter to the result. (short name -a)
Execute this mapping as if there were no user-defined mappings (short name -b)
Accept a count before the requisite key press. Sets the count parameter to the result. (short name -c)
A description of this mapping (short name -d)
Execute {rhs} as an Ex command rather than keys (short name -e)
Add this command to the given group (short name -g). When listing commands this limits the output to the specified group.
Execute {rhs} as JavaScript rather than keys (short names -js, -j)
Parse the {n}th argument without specially processing any quote or meta characters. (short name -l)
Create this mapping in the given modes (short names -mode, -m)
Do not save this mapping to an auto-generated rc file (short name -n)
Do not echo any generated keys to the command line (short name -s, also for Vim compatibility)
:no[remap] {lhs} {rhs}
:nno[remap] {lhs} {rhs}
:vno[remap] {lhs} {rhs}
:ino[remap] {lhs} {rhs}
:tno[remap] {lhs} {rhs}
:cno[remap] {lhs} {rhs}
Map the key-sequence {lhs} to {rhs} for the applicable mode(s). The keys in {rhs} do not respect user-defined key mappings, so the following effectively reverses the default meanings of the keys d and D
:noremap d D
:noremap D d
:unmap {lhs}
:nun[map] {lhs}
:vun[map] {lhs}
:iu[nmap] {lhs}
:tu[nmap] {lhs}
:cu[nmap] {lhs}
Remove the mapping of {lhs} (or all mappings if [!] is given) for the applicable mode(s).
List all mappings for the applicable mode(s). Mappings are partitioned into groups.
:map {lhs}
:nm[ap] {lhs}
:vm[ap] {lhs}
:im[ap] {lhs}
:tm[ap] {lhs}
:cm[ap] {lhs}
List all mappings starting with {lhs} for the applicable mode(s).
Mapping timeout
When Pentadactyl receives a key event that has a separate binding and at the same time is part of a key chain, values of the 'timeout' and 'timeoutlen' options are used to decide what to do. See the documentation of those options for more information.
Key sequences
Most keys in key sequences are represented simply by the character that you see on the screen when you type them. However, as a number of these characters have special meanings, and a number of keys have no visual representation, a special notation is required.
In order to represent key presses using the Control, Alt, Meta, or Shift keys, the following prefixes may be used,
 1. : The control or ctrl key.
 2. : The alt key.
 3. : The meta key, windows key, or command key.
 4. <⌘-␣>: Same as .
 5. : The shift key.
These prefixes can be combined however you see fit.
Note: Within angle brackets all alphabetic characters are read as lowercase. Uppercase characters can only be specified with the S- modifier.
The following key sequences are interpreted as described:
Press the 'X' key followed by the 'C' key.
Press the 'X' key while holding the 'Control' key, followed by the 'C' key.
Type '2' while holding the 'Control' key.
Press the '@' key while holding the 'Control' key.
Press the space bar while holding the 'Shift' key.
Press the 'J' key while holding both the 'Control' and 'Alt' keys.
Exactly the same as above.
Press the 'J' key while holding all of 'Control', 'Alt', and 'Shift' keys.
Special characters
Do nothing. This pseudo-key is useful for disabling a specific builtin mapping. For example, :map will prevent from doing anything.
Pass the events consumed by the last executed mapping through to Firefox.
Expand to a line terminator in a key mapping. An Ex command in the {rhs} of a mapping requires a line terminator after it so that it is executed when the mapping is expanded. should be used for this purpose.
A pseudo-key which expands to the value of the'mapleader' option. For example, by default,
:map h :echo Hello
works like
:map \h :echo Hello
but after
:set mapleader=,
it works like
:map,h :echo Hello
In addition to basic mappings, Pentadactyl can also automatically replace whole words after they've been typed. These shortcuts are known as abbreviations, and are most often useful for correcting spelling of commonly mistyped words, as well as shortening the typing of oft-typed but long words or phrases. There are three basic types of abbreviations, defined by the types of characters they contain,
For the purposes of abbreviations, keyword characters include all non-whitespace characters except for single or double


5e SRD >Creatures >
Gar, Giant
Huge beast, unaligned
Armor Class 14 (natural armor)
Hit Points 112 (9d12 + 54)
Speed swim 60 ft.
29 (+9) 10 (+0) 22 (+6) 2 (-4) 13 (+1) 2 (-4)
Skills Athletics +12, Perception +7
Senses passive Perception 17
Challenge 6 (2,300 XP)
Special Traits
 - Water Breathing. The giant gar can only breathe underwater.
 - Bite. Melee Weapon Attack: +12 to hit, reach 5 ft., one target. Hit: 30 (6d6 + 9) piercing damage, and the target is grappled (escape DC 20). Until this grapple ends, the target is restrained, and the gar can't bite another target.
 - Swallow. The gar makes one bite attack against a Large or smaller target it is grappling. If the attack hits, the target is swallowed, and the grapple ends. The swallowed target is blinded and restrained, it has total cover against attacks and other effects outside the gar, and it takes 21 (6d6) acid damage at the start of each of the gar's turns. The gar can have only one target swallowed at a time. If the gar dies, a swallowed creature is no longer restrained by it and can escape from the corpse using 5 feet of movement, exiting prone.
Although typical gars are frightening enough, tales of enormous giant gars that lurk in the deepest rivers and lakes persist in many regions. These creatures are true monsters, often growing to lengths of 30 feet or more and capable of swallowing a horse and rider in a single gulp. Fortunately, giant gars are much rarer than their smaller kin.
Giant gars are often kept as pets and guard animals by aquatic creatures such as merrows, scrags (aquatic trolls), and the rare sea hags who dwell in freshwater dens.
Section 15: Copyright Notice


text:
Application to Human Systems
Taleb extends the concept of antifragility to various aspects of human life, ranging from economics, finance, and technology to personal health and decision-making. For example, imagine two individuals, Alex and Ben, who have similar fitness goals and decide to start an exercise routine to improve their overall health and well-being.
Alex follows a rigid exercise routine that includes running five miles every day, lifting weights for an hour, and sticking to a specific diet plan. This routine might work well for a while when everything goes as planned, but it leaves Alex vulnerable to disruptions. If Alex gets injured or falls ill, she won't be able to maintain the strict routine, and her progress might suffer. Additionally, this rigid routine could become monotonous over time, leading to potential demotivation or burnout.
On the other hand, Ben takes an antifragile approach to his exercise routine. He focuses on building a diverse set of physical activities and a flexible mindset. He includes activities like running, weightlifting, yoga, swimming, and cycling in his routine. Instead of following a strict schedule, Ben listens to his body and adapts his workouts based on how he feels each day. Some days he may do intense workouts, while on other days, he may opt for lighter exercises or rest completely.
If Ben gets injured, he can easily switch to low-impact exercises without disrupting his overall progress. Furthermore, the variety in his routine keeps him engaged and excited about working out, reducing the risk of burnout. By embracing variability and being adaptable, Ben's exercise routine becomes antifragile.


text:
Ad'ihani pentathlon (sometimes quadrathlon) is a multi-discipline winter sport developed in Ad'ihan that is widely practised in both Ad'ihan and Liventia. The sport was first created in Ad'ihan in 2129 and quickly became popular in present-day Liventia, which sees more winter weather and had more winter sports facilities than its then-island territory. It is sometimes referred to as a "winter pentathlon", although there are different variations on the disciplines which make up a winter pentathlon.
Ad'ihani pentathlon consists of five disciplines, two of which are combined into a single discipline thus leading to the sport also being called a quadrathlon. The five disciplines are alpine skiing, ski jumping (for men)/skeleton (for women), speed skating, cross-country skiing and shooting, with the latter two being component disciplines of biathlon.
The alpine skiing discipline has always been run as a downhill event and ski jumping has traditionally taken place on the normal hill. The distance of the speed skating race is always 1000 metres, regardless of gender, while the biathlon race is always held at sprint distance, meaning 7.5 km for women and 10 km for men. Records are not kept in the sport as the layouts of alpine skiing, skeleton and biathlon courses change from location to location, although the Ad'ihani Pentathlon Sport Union (APSU) recognises location records. Where there is no biathlon shooting range available, the APSU allows for that discipline to be contested in its component parts as a 10 km (for men) or 7.5 km (for women) cross-country skiing race with a separate shooting event held at an indoor range, with time penalties added to the cross-country timing for missed shots.
The quadrathlon/pentathlon operates a points system as in heptathlon or decathlon, rather than a combined time system as in triathlon or a points system equalised prior to the final event as in modern pentathlon. Similar to heptathlon or decathlon, the points system follows the formula Pts = a × (b - T)c, where T is the timed performance in seconds (for downhill, biathlon, speed skating and skeleton) and Pts = a × (S − b)c where S is the score the athlete has received for his ski jump. Where an athlete fails to start, fails to finish or is disqualified from an event, he or she receives no points for it. However, for the inaugural Ad'ihani Pentathlon World Series, the APSU trialled a new scoring system awarding points equal to exactly half (rounded down to the nearest full point) of the last finisher for any contestant failing to finish or disqualified from an event.
|Men's alpine skiing downhill||0.144||270||1.81|
|Men's biathlon sprint||0.007631||3350||1.583|
|Men's ski jumping normal hill||71.85||40||0.6|
|Men's speed skating 1000 metres||0.22||180||1.827|
|Women's alpine skiing downhill||0.144||260||1.81|
|Women's biathlon sprint||0.00812||2900||1.595|
|Women's skeleton single run||0.493||126||1.79|
|Women's speed skating 1000 metres||0.19||200||1.82|
For comparison, the bronze medal-winning and last-placed performances at the component events in the Fifth Winter Olympics would have earned:
|Event||Fifth Winter Olympics performance|
|Bronze medal||Last finisher||Difference|
|Men's alpine skiing downhill||1413 pts||1235 pts||12.6%|
|Men's biathlon sprint||1027 pts||700 pts||31.8%|
|Men's ski jumping normal hill||1055 pts||681 pts||35.5%|
|Men's speed skating 1000 metres||1199 pts||1134 pts||5.4%|
|Men's total||4694 pts||3750 pts||20.1%|
|Women's alpine skiing downhill||1151 pts||982 pts||14.7%|
|Women's biathlon sprint||984 pts||437 pts||55.6%|
|Women's skeleton||895 pts||827 pts||7.6%|
|Women's speed skating 1000 metres||1223 pts||1131 pts||7.5%|
|Women's total||4253 pts||3377 pts||20.6%|
Competition in Ad'ihan and Liventia
Due to uncommon winter weather in Ad'ihan, a national championship is only organised locally if a prolonged period of snow is expected. The Ad'ihani national championship is usually run in conjunction with the Liventian national championship in Liventia, with entrants from both countries in the same event being eligible for their respective national titles.
There are two major Ad'ihani pentathlon competitions each year held in Liventia (where it was for a time known as "Outer Islands quadrathlon" during increased Ad'ihani–Liventian inflammatory rhetoric): the National Championship every January and the APSU World Open every November. A short professional season is also held from November through January, opened by the APSU World Open and concluding with the two national championships.
The Comité national olympique pour les îles ad'ihanaises proposed that Ad'ihani pentathlon be a demonstration sport at the Sixth Winter Olympics in Ashton, Krytenia, with the backing of the Liventia Olympic Association and five other Olympic committees including the host committee. The sport was approved as a demonstration event as winter pentathlon, with events held for both men and women. Kitomi Hamazuki, a Japanese Liventian who also competes on the domestic Liventian and Ad'ihani circuit, won the women's event by a margin of 41 points with 4105 points. Sorthern Northland's Arnaldur Þorbjarnarson won the men's event by a far smaller margin of just five points, totalling 4082 points.


text: In the near future, your strappy sundress or gold bangles may recognize your urge to overeat—and stop you before you start. Computer scientists including a team from Microsoft Research have developed a system of wearable devices that detect signs of impending emotional eating. Over four days, a test group used a phone app to log information about their mood and meals, while sensor pads in their clothing measured their breathing, sweating, and heart rate. This data enabled the researchers to predict physiological and emotional states that precede individual patterns of stress-related eating. The team is now testing bracelets to monitor users and provide interventions—possibly breathing exercises, brain teasers, or suggestions to take a walk or call a friend.


Were the Ancient Jewish people always in Israel?
Asked by: Adam2
 - Yes SOME of the Jewish people have been in Israel the whole time.
 The rest were scattered out among the nations. Genetics tests were done not long ago that demonstrated that the scattered Jews were connected in a high degree to the original ancient people. Just in case someone is going to try to say that the Palestinians are the true Jews I'm going to pop that bubble. Palestinians are Arabs from Jordan, Egypt, Lebanon, and Syria who showed up and claimed the land about 3 generations ago. Many of them had to rent from the Arab land owners who owned it. They were what you call squatters.
 - We All Come from Africa
 The Ancient Jews weren't always in Israel. Abraham was a nomad who went throughout the Middle East. Before Judaism flourished, civilizations in Mesopotamia, India and China rose up. For a time, the entire Jewish population was enslaved in Egypt. Jews claiming a territorial homeland in Israel is bogus--the human race originated in Africa anyway when some great apes evolved into homo sapiens. If you want to go that far back, Ancient Jews at one time lived in Africa as hairy humans before evolving into more civlized people.
 - The Ancient Jewish people were not always in Israel.
 First, Israel didn't exist before the 20th century. Israel was the name of the Jewish people themselves. Also, Jews were not always in the area that today is called Israel. They were exited in Babylon and Egypt for some of their history. Israel is their homeland, but they did not always stay there.
Leave a comment...
(Maximum 900 words)
No comments yet.


text:
Next: a 32m-high Canopy Observation Tower
Since the bulk of the açaí planting is done, we are keeping the locals busy with the construction of a 30m-high canopy observation tower in the Garza Lagoon, a long-time dream we've had for the reserve. The tower will enable us to learn invaluable new information about the forest and also help us visually identify when poachers or loggers have entered the property. The lagoon is home to many commonly poached endangered species, including paiche (arapaima) and black caiman. It also serves as the rookery for at least 7 species of water birds, including the Agami Heron, whose eggs were previously poached by locals.


text:
Author(s): A. M. Waked
Nanotechnology is considered to be the most important theoretical and
applicative framework of human knowledge in the near future, breakthroughs are
restricted to few applications.
One is being the conservation and restoration of
For the architecture profession nanotechnology will be able to
change the way we build, and will greatly impact construction materials and their
properties as well.
However, materials will behave in many different ways as we
are able to more precisely control their properties at nano-composites, which
combine new nano-materials with more traditional ones and can be many times
stronger than standard materials, and will dramatically improve the performance,
durability, and strength to weight ratio of these materials.
As materials gain such transient features architectural design and construction
will evolve by transforming the essential properties of matter.
This study of material is considered an emerging field, so this paper will retry
to represent the most recent applications of nano materials of the conservation of
nanotechnology, nano-materials, conservation.
Size: 1,681 kb
Paper DOI: 10.2495/STR110481
the Full Article
You can purchase the full text version of this article in Adobe PDF format for the above price. Please click the 'Buy Paper' icon below to purchase this paper.
this page to a colleague.
This paper can be found in the following bookStructural Studies, Repairs and Maintenance of Heritage Architecture XIIBuy


text: InMountain States Medicinal Plants, Briana Wiles is your trusted guide to finding, identifying, harvesting, and using 120 of the region's most powerful wild plants. You'll learn how to safely and ethically forage and how to use wild plants in herbal medicines including teas, tinctures, and salves. Plant profiles include clear, color photographs, identification tips, medicinal uses and herbal preparations, and harvesting suggestions. Lists of what to forage for each season makes the guide useful year-round. Thorough, comprehensive, and safe, this is a must-have for foragers, naturalists, and herbalists in Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, eastern Oregon, eastern Washington, and northern Nevada.


I'm using a plugin called Duik 15 to rig a character to turn the right arm into an IK controller, and it has produced an expression that is unable to find one of my layers.
I'm not sure why it's not able to see it, but I'm wondering if anyone has encountered the issue before within their expressions?
Here's the expression that Duik generated, with the problem being on line 2.
layer1 = thisComp.layer('M R Bicep'); // Not finding me
layer2 = thisComp.layer('M R Forarm');
controller = thisComp.layer('C_M R Hand');
endPos = layer2.effect('IK End')(1);
ctrlEffect = controller.effect("IK M R Forarm");
limit = effect('IK Limit')(1);
FK = ctrlEffect(4);
IKFK = ctrlEffect(3) == 0;
cw = ctrlEffect(1) == 1;
function getWorldPos(L) {
 return L.toWorld(L.anchorPoint);
function ik() {
 A = getWorldPos(layer1);
 B = getWorldPos(layer2);
 C = layer2.toWorld(endPos);
 E = getWorldPos(controller);
 a = length(B,C);
 b = length(E,A);
 c = length(A,B);
 x = (b*b + c*c - a*a )/(2*b);
 alpha = Math.acos(clamp(x/c,-1,1));
 D = E - A;
 delta = Math.atan2(D[1],D[0]);
 result = radiansToDegrees(delta - (cw? 1 : -1)*alpha);
 V = B - A;
 adj1 = radiansToDegrees(Math.atan2(V[1],V[0]));
 IK = result - adj1 + value;
 if (IK < limit) IK+=360;
 return IK;
IKFK? ik() : FK;
And also a screenshot of some of my layers, with the offending code situated inside M R Bicep's rotation expression.
My layers
 - 2
 This is on a mac right? Has it only just started hapening? I've been having trouble with layer names in expressions on a mac with the most recent version of AE, specifically with the DUIK scripts. For some reason the layer names end up with invisible line returns in them. It's made DUIK almost unusuable on the mac. – stib Oct 24 '16 at 12:18
 - I can confirm this is still happening on Mac, latest version of AE :( – Parker Young Apr 12 '17 at 22:33
I don't know if this counts as an answer so much as a workaround but I was getting the same error message when I was manually typing in the layer name. There was no typo; the layer definitely existed. It was maddening.
But when I used the pickwhip to link it to the layer, After Effects would automatically generate the 'thisComp.layer("Layer Name Here")' code. Then I just built the rest of my expression around that line. That seemed to work fine.
Your Answer


FREE e-Newsletter
Important News - Hot Topics
Get them Now!
Bob Parker
Bob Parker
Jose Medina
Jose Medina
Why High-Risk Encounters Require SWAT
SWAT officers should develop rapport within their agency to better serve the officers who may call on their services.
February 25, 2011 | by Robert O'Brien - Also by this author
Suspect searches consistently rank among the most dangerous, deadliest LE assignments. Recognizing this, SWAT is often utilized to conduct known high-risk, dangerous searches.
In his feature article, "Duty Dangers: Into the Hearts of Darkness," Dean Scoville nailed it, "Most tactical teams have the weaponry, shields, and sophisticated surveillance tools such as pole cameras to mitigate the hazards of such a search."
NTOA trainer Don Alwes puts it another way. "It comes back to the three Ts — time, tactics, and troops."
SWAT can't be everywhere, or handle everything. Every LE agency needs to determine the criteria for utilizing SWAT. Policies vary greatly among LE agencies. For example, some departments mandate SWAT for felony and drug searches. Others only call SWAT for the highest-risk searches. The majority of department's policies strike a middle ground.
Other factors for SWAT utilization include violent crime rate, size of LE agency, and the availability of a fullor part-time team. There's another seldom discussed factor that often determines SWAT requests. The reputation and rapport between patrol, detectives, and SWAT.
Simply put, some SWAT teams have poor reputations in their departments. These teams are usually viewed as arrogant, unapproachable, elitist, too slow to respond, and seldom requested. In contrast, teams with good reputations are respected, considered approachable, non-elitist, respond rapidly, and stay busy.
A SWAT unit's reputation is earned through experience. SWAT exists to protect and serve citizens and fellow officers. It's critical that every SWAT team has a good reputation. Any team that doesn't, needs to do whatever it takes to fix that immediately.
SWAT's reputation in its own agency is sometimes overlooked. However, there's no higher sign of respect for any SWAT team than to be respected by their fellow officers. That reputation needs to be mutual. Because we're all in this together.
There's an old saying from SWAT's early years, "When citizens are in trouble, they call the police. When police are in trouble, they call SWAT."
Just as citizens need to feel they can call police when they're in trouble or need help; police need to feel the same about counting on their SWAT teams when they're in trouble or need help. There should never be any bad blood or friction between SWAT and the rest of their agency. If any exists, it needs to be nipped in the bud immediately.
Whether we realize it or not, every SWAT officer is an ambassador for our teams, and also the entire SWAT profession. Just as LE agencies/departments have reputations, so do SWAT teams. A team's reputation begins in a team's own agency/department.
SWAT teams need to also develop a good rapport with other SWAT teams, especially those in their region.
Why is it so important for SWAT teams to have a good rapport with the rest of LE? For the very same reason SWAT was created in the 1960s, and continues to exist today, more than 40 years later. It's to save lives — citizens and police alike.
So much in LE involves judgment calls that are often made under the pressure of time and circumstances. Suspect and drug searches are prime examples. Searches that range from high to unknown risk — most falling somewhere in between — all having the potential to become high risk.
This gray area is where judgment calls are usually made, whether before the fact or at the last minute on the street. I'm a believer in calling and talking with SWAT when an assignment might be something better suited for them. You'll never know unless you ask. This is where a team's reputation comes into play.
And that's the point. SWAT has the duty and obligation not only to citizens, but also to their fellow officers.
Duty Dangers: Into the Hearts of Darkness
Slain Florida Officers Ambushed by Gunman Hiding In Attic
Miami-Dade's Top Cop: Slain Officers Used Sound Tactics
Tags: St. Petersburg (Fla.) PD, Miami-Dade PD, SWAT Tactics, Searching for Suspects, Warrant Service
Be the first to comment on this story
Other Recent Blog Posts
Bait Devices Help Law Enforcement Crack Down on Cellphone, Tablet Theft
PTSD: Breaking the Silence
First Name:
Last Name:
Zip Code:
E-mail Address:
Police Magazine


text:
Many window frames are made of wood. The most common problem with window frames is sticking caused by:
- Broken sash cords
New paint is a major cause of windows sticking. Sticking of freshly painted windows can be prevented by leaving the window slightly open while painting. As soon as the paint dries, slide the window up and down. Do not wait too long because paint hardens as it ages.
If the window has been painted shut for a while, it will be difficult to open. Use a putty knife to cut through the paint seal. Never pry the window open with a chisel or pry bar.
Even if you use a piece of wood to protect the sill, the window sash will be dented.
Windows that are badly stuck may have to be removed from the frame. The sliding part of the window (sash) is held in place by two strips of wood called stops. Carefully pry up the stops. Remember, you want to use these stops again. A little patience saves buying, cutting, fitting, and painting a new piece of wood. Don't drive the nails back out through the stop after the stop is off. Use pliers and pull the nails out through the back side of the stop. This will leave a neat little hole.
With the sash out, you may sand or scrape off the excess paint. When the weather is dry, cover any bare wood with a thin coat of paint or fast-drying sealer.
Paint protects wood frames. If moisture soaks the frame, the wood will swell. Never plane a frame that is swollen. Otherwise, when the wood dries, it will be too loose and will rattle in the wind. Instead, rub paraffin, soap, or a stick lubricant on the frame. Warped frames should be planed or sanded. If the wood is warped too much, it must be replaced.
If a sash cord breaks or the weight comes loose, the window will hang crooked, and the window won't stay up. To fix the cord, pry off the stops. Find the sash weight door and
Usually it is held in place by one or two screws. Reach inside and take out the weight. If the sash cord is still good, the weight probably came untied. Retie it and put everything back together.
If you need a new sash cord, make sure it's the same thickness as the old one or it won't run through the pulley. Feed the new cord through and tie one end to the sash and the other end to the weight. The sash cord will stretch, so leave some room under the weight so it won't hit bottom later and keep the window from opening all the way. Move the window up and down to see if you've tied the weight too high or too low. When you're sure everything works, put it back together again.
When you put the stops back, ignore the old nail holes. Tap the nails in a new place, but, to avoid hammer dents, stop before you hit the frame. Finish driving the nails with a nail set. Cover the nail heads and fill in the old holes with wood putty: After several days, when the putty is dry, touch up with paint.
As a building ages, it settles..Structural settling is another cause for windows jamming. If the windows are being twisted out of line, the entire frame must be removed and reset in the wall.
Wood frame windows are often replaced by aluminum ones. Other new frames are vinyl (plastic) over a wood core.
Casement windows open with a crank that needs a yearly greasing. Because these cranks rust, you will have to keep them clean and painted. Casement windows are usually easier to care for.than wooden frame windows.
Most older houses have wooden window frames. However, most new homes have plastic or aluminum frames.
Remove the window only as a last resort. Carefully remove the stops, then pull the nails out through the back of the stop with pliers.
Painting across the moving parts of a window is a major cause of sticking. Running a putty knife between the stop and the sash will help free the window.
Lubricate all moving surfaces on the window and frame with a hard piece of soap or paraffin to help them slide better.
To repair a sash cord, remove the door in the window frame, reach in, and take out the sash weight.
Tie a knot in one end of the sash cord and fit it into the sash groove. Tie a nail to the other end for weight and feed the cord over the pulley. Raise the window and reach into the opening. Pull out the new cord. Tie it to the sash weight.
Clean casement window cranks at least once a year. Grease the track and oil the crank handle and window hinges.


text:
DivSeek Intl has launched 11 Hub Pilots in North America, Australasia, India, Africa and Europe. Led by teams of independent researchers, the initial Pilot phase will be a minimum of one year and will provide a framework to identify opportunities for formalization of inter-regional collaborations, leveraging of regional capacity and supporting the training needs of young researchers.
Activities in the Hub Pilots include:
- Facilitating connections between culinary experts, anthropologists, sociologists, ecologists, database engineers, genomic and phenomics experts to expand the characterization of crop diversity to include flavor, culinary uses, and traditional agricultural practices.
- Identifying common practices for the characterization of emerging crops, recently domesticated and novel crops, locally adapted germplasm and regionally important crops, including African staple food crops.
- Providing evidence-based perspectives for sharing information about plant genetic resources, the technological requirements for data-sharing across constituencies, and non-monetary benefit sharing practices of researchers that align with international treaties.
- Deploying advanced analytics including Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) to develop efficient crop diversity exploration strategies and identify gaps in germplasm collections.
- Using chickpeas and durum wheat as case studies for the pragmatic management of plant genetic resources and dissemination of genetic knowledge.
Hub Pilots are found across the world.


United Nations Directories
for Electronic Data Interchange for
Administration, Commerce and Transport
5419 Rate type code qualifier [B]
Desc: Code qualifying the type of rate. Repr: an..3 Code Values: 1 Allowance rate Code specifying the allowance rate. 2 Charge rate Code specifying the charge rate. 3 Actual versus calculated price difference rate Difference rate of actual price and calculated price. 4 Standard labour rate Labour rate for a normal working day. Synonym: Straight time. 5 Overtime labour rate Labour rate for overtime. 6 Premium labour rate Labour rate for premium time. 7 Calculation rate To identify a rate which is to be applied in a calculation. 8 Coefficient The coefficient which is to be used as a multiplier. 9 Indemnity rate To specify the rate of an indemnity. 10 Guarantee reserved calculation rate To specify the rate that has been used to calculate the monetary amount reserved as a guarantee. 11 Waiting time indemnity rate To specify the rate of an indemnity for waiting. ZZZ Mutually defined The rate type is mutually agreed by the interchanging parties.
Data Element Cross Reference
DataElement 5419 is used in the following Batch Composite Elements:
Copyright United Nations, all rights reserved
UN Economic Commission for Europe
Palais des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland
UN/EDIFACT Directories


12.1.4 Inserting '\' with _USER_{}
Ordinarily, a backslash '\' is a normal character in Texinfo that can be simply typed in your input where you need it. The result is to typeset the backslash from the typewriter font.
However, Texinfo uses the backslash as a special character in one restricted context: to delimit formal arguments in the bodies of user-defined macros (see Defining Macros).
Due to the vagaries of macro argument parsing, it is more reliable to pass an alphabetic command that produces a backslash instead of using a literal \. Hence _USER_{}. Here is an example macro call:
_USER_{One argument@backslashchar{} with a backslash}
Texinfo documents may also use \ as a command character inside _USER_ (see Inserting Math). In this case, @\ or \backslash produces a "math" backslash (from the math symbol font), while _USER_{} produces a typewriter backslash as usual.
Although '_USER_{}' can be used nearly anywhere, there is no need for it except in these unusual cases.


text:
Definition of format
n. - The shape and size of a book; hence, its external form. 2
The word "format" uses 6 letters: A F M O R T.
No direct anagrams for format found in this word list.
Shorter words found within format:
aft am amort ar arf arm art at atom fa far farm faro fart fat foam for fora foram form fort frat fro from ma mar mart mat mo moa moat mor mora mort mot oaf oar oat of oft om or ora ort raft ram rat rato roam rom rot rota ta tam tao tar taro to tom tor tora tram
List shorter words within format, sorted by length
All words formed from format by changing one letter
Browse words starting with format by next letter