Frequent question: Where should under cabinet LED lights be placed?
Where do you put LED under cabinet lighting?
With task lighting your goal is to light your worktops, so if you were to install the lights towards the back, you are shining most of the light onto the splash back rather than the worktop itself.By installing the lights towards the front of the cabinet it will give the best spread of light, as wall cabinets are …
How do you run LED lights under kitchen cabinets?
 1. Step 1: Double check your lights before cutting or installing. …
 2. Step 2: Take Measurements and Make Cuts. …
 3. Step 3: Preparing the Strip-to-Power Connection. …
 4. Step 4: Connecting two lengths of LED strips with strip-to-strip connector. …
 5. Step 5: Combining strips with Strip-to-Strip "no wire" connectors.
IT IS INTERESTING: WHAT LED bulb has the lowest wattage?
How many under cabinet lights do I need?
In general, one puck light is needed for every 8–12 in. of cabinet length. This spacing will provide the best uniformity and distribution of light and avoid any dark areas under the cabinets.
What is the best way to install under cabinet lighting?
bar & strip lights
 1. Step 1: RUN CABLE "
 2. Step 2: CUT A HOLE "
 3. Step 3: ATTACH THE LIGHTS "
 4. Step 4: WIRE THE LIGHTS "
 5. Step 5: WIRE THE SWITCH "
What kind of under cabinet lighting is best?
Xenon lights are loved for their bright and warm illumination, making them the most popular incandescent under cabinet lights. Like LEDs and fluorescent lights, you can get xenon under cabinet lighting in either linear or puck form.
How do you hide under cabinet lighting wires?
Cable Protectors
One way to do this is by bundling the wiring carefully and compactly into a bundle and then using tie wraps to hold it in place. You can then stick it the underside of the cabinet using staples (being careful of course not to pierce the wiring and ruining all your hard work).
Is under cabinet lighting worth it?
Under cabinet lighting can actually save you money on your energy bill, and this is especially true if you opt for an LED light fixture. It has the potential to save money because you don't have to illuminate the whole room just to get a little bit of light on the countertops below.
IT IS INTERESTING: How do I reset my magic home led strip?
How much does it cost to install LED strips under cabinets?
Install Under Cabinet Lighting national average cost
The national average materials cost to install under cabinet lighting is $31.40 per fixture, with a range between $18.56 to $44.23. The total price for labor and materials per fixture is $262.41, coming in between $227.65 to $297.18.
Can you take down LED light strips?
LED strip lights appear to offer a viable solution to this conundrum. They're powerful enough to transform a room, making it feel homelier. Their adhesive, semi-permanent nature means they can easily be removed when it's time to move out.
How many lumens do you need for under cabinet lighting?
What is the best wattage for under cabinet lighting?
As a point of reference, remember that kitchen counters – often lit by under-cabinet fixtures – need about 4 to 10 watts of power per foot with 5 mm LEDs or about 20 watts per foot with high-power LEDs. For precision lighting, you'll need low-output lamps in tight clusters or evenly-spaced high-output LEDs.
Why can't under cabinet lights be on a dimmer?
Wireless under cabinet lights can be dimmed but that is typically done with a remote control. For now, the majority of these come in the form of puck lights. You need to have the remote control handy to turn on the lights and to dim them. Hard wired under cabinet lights have more flexibility when it comes to dimming.
IT IS INTERESTING: Can LED lights be repaired?


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- Wednesday, 22 June 2011
Construction at St Columb's College...
BTEC Diploma in Construction and the Built Environment
.BTEC National qualifications are undertaken in further education and sixth-form colleges, schools and other training providers, and have been since they were introduced in 1984. Their purpose, approaches to teaching, learning and assessment are established and understood by teaching professionals, employers and learners alike. They provide students with the knowledge, understanding and skills that they need to gain entry into 3rd level education or prepare for skilled employment.
The BTEC Diploma in Construction is 100% coursework and over the 2 years, students will undertake 12 units of work covering a wide range of related topics. Each unit will require students to complete a variety of tasks varying in complexity from pass level to distinction level. You will be awarded a grade in each unit and the grades achieved in the 12 units over the duration of the course will be used to determine your final award..
6 units are taught in St Columb's by Mr R Hyndman and Mr V Doherty and 6 units are taught at the NWRC.
Examples of units that will have to be studied
1 Health, Safety and Welfare in Construction and the Built Environment
3 Mathematics in Construction and the Built Environment
4 Science and Materials in Construction and the Build Environment
5 Construction Technology and Design in Construction and Civil Engineering
6 Building Technology in Construction
Final grades awarded | (Equivalent A level grade)
Pass / Pass | (EE)
Merit / Mass | (DD)
Merit / Merit | (CC)
Distinction / Merit | (BB)
Distinction / Distinction | (AA)
Distinction* / Distinction | (A*A)
Distinction* / Distinction* | (A*A*)
Quantity Surveying, Civil Engineering, Building Surveying, Construction Engineering, Urban Planning and Property Development
BTEC Students undertaking a site visit

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Vectorworks Landmark in the landscape design office
Vectorworks (Landmark) has been a constant throughout my working life and is central to my workflow as a landscape designer. I started using Vectorworks 20 years ago and back then, it was more akin to graphical-drafting software. Over the time, the capability of the program has developed and I've always tried to keep pace with the evolution to help grow my business.
What does Vectorworks do?
Vectorworks, is an advanced software solution that enables object scheduling and interactive reports. This means that when drawing an object (a line for example) it can be assigned a Data Record. These can be used to describe the material, fixing method, item dimensions and any other attributes necessary. Object or objects with Data Records can be summarised in Spreadsheets, which update in real time to reflect any changes to the design as they occur. When working on large projects CAD is therefore vital to maintain accuracy.
How is it used in the office?
For pretty much everything! Vectorworks is used throughout the design process. We use it for both 2D and 3D design allowing us to draw, explore and develop ideas from all angles.
Survey data + Concept designs:
Topographical information is imported into Vectorworks and scaled. This forms the base of all subsequent work.
Nowadays we tend to transfer the survey data onto the iPad to sketch out our preliminary ideas - it saves printing costs and avoids having to use tracing paper.
Once the general layout has been roughly agreed then the concept is brought back into Vectorworks so it can be redrafted with more precision.
At this point we may start to work in 2D and 3D to test the concept works in relation to the site levels and to get a better understanding of the proposed landscape by flying around the 3D model. Generally, we export our Vectorworks 3D work into SketchUp (new blog post coming soon) which is more fun and a faster tool to delve deeper into the concept design.
Detailed CAD drawings:
Vectorworks is also great for technical work.
For planting plans, Vectorworks has a library of species that can be selected and dropped into the plan. Each new plant is counted and displayed on a spreadsheet which is very useful for large gardens and commercial-scale developments. Additional information such as size, spacing, cost and maintenance can be attached to the plant symbol which clearly saves a lot of time if you use the same plants on different projects.
Hardscape specification is equally clever. We attach Data Records to surfaces, objects and edges. This means that all items are documented at the point of creation rather than leaving unknowns in the design.
Modern landscape + garden design inspired by nature.
Nicholas Dexter Studio
55 Canning Street
Brighton. BN2 0EF
t - 01273 692878


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Thu February 14, 2013
Haggis; a delicacy
Haggis is a savory pudding containing sheep's pluck, which is the heart, liver and lungs of a mature sheep; minced with onion, oatmeal, suet, spices, and salt, mixed with stock, and traditionally encased in the animal's stomach and simmered for approximately three hours.
Most modern commercial haggis is prepared in a sausage casing rather than an actual stomach.
As the 2001 English edition of the Larousse Gastronomique puts it, "Although its description is not immediately appealing, haggis has an excellent nutty texture and delicious savory flavor".
Haggis is a traditional Scottish dish, considered the national dish of Scotland as a result of Robert Burns' poem Address to a Haggis of 1787. Haggis is traditionally served with "neeps and tatties" (Scots: turnip and potato), boiled and mashed separately and a dram (a glass of Scotch whisky), especially as the main course of a Burns supper. However it is also often eaten with other accompaniments.
To learn more about Haggis, look for Celtic Classic on Facebook for links to the Celtic Cultural Alliance Education Blog. Additional research and ideas for further exploration of resources in the Lehigh Valley are gathered there. For the Celtic Cultural Alliance, I'm Silagh White. Slainte


What do various terms mean on Snapchat
What do various terms mean on Snapchat
Snapchat has developed its own language of sorts. It has friend emojis, chat notification, not to mention user lingo! If you too feel overwhelmed with this trove of information, we got your covered. In this article, we will cover everything you need to know about Snapchat jargon (terms, emojis, icons, etc.) to set you on your way to ace the app.
Friend emojis
Snapchat assigns different emojis depending on your interaction with specific users. These emojis appear next to the contacts name. A recent update now lets you customize these emojis to your heart's content! However, in this article, we will explain what the default friend emojis mean.
Snapstreak?
If you see a flame emoji appear next to a user's name, this means that you have started a 'Snapstreak' with the user. A similar emoji will appear next to your name in the user's contacts. To begin a Snapstreak with a user, both you and the other person must snap each other for three days consecutively.
Snapstreaks do not count messages; so it has to be snaps. The number that appears next to the flame emoji corresponds to the number of days you and your friend have consecutively sent snaps to each other.
Note: If you miss a single day, the Snapstreak will reset to zero.
Related: How to never lose your Streak in Snapchat with these tips (Snapstreaks)
Hourglass ⌛
The hourglass emoji appears if your Snapstreak is about to expire. A Snapstreak will expire if two users do not send each other a snap within 24 hours. If you see this emoji next to your friend's name, quickly send them a snap. When the snap is delivered, the hourglass emoji will disappear.
Mutual BF's?
Characterized by the emoji with sunglasses, this appears next to a user's name if both you and the user, have a best friend in common. The emoji will also appear next to your name on the user's account.
Mutual Besties?
This awkward emoji perfectly represents the situation you are in. Mutual Besties indicates that both you and the other user have the best #1 best friend. This means that both you and the user have been sending snaps to the same person.
BFs?
This smiling emoji indicates that the user is one of your best friends. Snapchat uses a simple algorithm to determine who you communicate with the most (only snaps). 'BFs' doesn't mean that the person is your #1 best friend, but they are sure someone who you communicate with a lot.
The emoji does not necessarily appear next to your name on the other user's account.
Besties?
This yellow heart emoji is a nice thing to notice next to one of your contacts names. It means that both you and the user are each other's #1 best friends. You send the most snaps to this user, and vice versa.
This emoji appears beside your name on your friend's account too.
BFF ❤
If you have continued to send each other snaps for two weeks in a row, your yellow heart emoji will be upped to a red heart. This indicates that you have been each other's #1 Best friend for two weeks.
This emoji appears beside your name on your friend's account too.
Super BFF?
This is the highest honor of Snapchat friends. 'Super BFF' appears when you have been each other #1 best friend for 2 months straight! You deserve the double hearts because that takes dedication.
This emoji will appear beside your name on your friend's account too.
Snapchat Lingo and Terms
If you're having a hard time keeping track of all the new Snapchat lingo, this guide is for you. The acronyms are not limited to use on Snapchat only, and pop up quite frequently on other platforms like Instagram, Facebook, etc.
Women Crush Wednesday: This acronym is generally used as a hashtag accompanying an image of a woman that the user admires. It could be a friend, a celebrity, a sportswoman, etc. As the name suggests, WCW is usually used on a Wednesday.
Shoutout For Shoutout: Originating on Snapchat itself, SFS is used to tell another user that you would like to be mentioned in their snap, as well as mention them back in your own snap. This is usually used for promotions so that you can increase your visibility.
Screen Shot: This common acronym is now freely used on most platforms. However, because of Snapchats distinguished feature of disappearing snaps, SS is used to request a screenshot of a picture that you cannot view.
Snap Back: A snap back is when a user replies to your snap with another snap. The interaction by snaps is called a snap back. SB can also be used to request another user to send you a snap (especially if you believe your Snapstreak is about to break).
Whatever: Used quite freely while texting, 'wtv' is an abbreviation indicating that the user does not care about the matter. For example, 'Do you want to go to the park?' 'Yeah, wtv'.
Black Lives Matter: A strong and powerful hashtag currently trending on most social outlets, BLM shows support for people of color and takes a stand against unjust offenses against the same.
If you know, you know: This abbreviation is used to stir up mystery as well as remind others who were with you. It basically means if you were there with me, you know what I'm talking about. It can also be used to check if people are on the same page as you.
Favorite, Thumbs up, Comment: While generally used on video streaming sites like YouTube, FTC has come to mean 'subscribe'. When used out of context, it can mean, 'stay tuned for more such content.'
Don't wait up: DWU is used to tell another person not to worry about you. It can also be used more literally to tell a person not to wait up for you to return, as it could be late.
I don't mind: This one is quite straight forward. It is used to indicate that the person is ok with whatever the other person is conveying.
I don't even know: This acronym is used to express confusion on the user's part. For example, 'Do you think we'll be going camping with this weather?' 'Honestly, idek!'
Better be going: If you have trouble ending a conversation, BBG can come to your rescue. You can use BBG when you want to politely let the other person know that you are ending the conversation.
Nevermind: Quite self-explanatory, this one. It can also be used to express disappointment. For example, 'I thought the Mayor was going to turn the town around….#nvm'.
Rate/Date/Hate: RDH is used to get an honest opinion of a third party. Usually accompanied by a picture of the person in question, RDH is used to understand what other people think of that person. For example, 'Sending you a pic. What do you think? RDH?'
F*ck with: This acronym has gained a lot of popularity recently. While it sounds aggressive, most of the time, it is used to indicate a close liking for something. For example, 'Deadmaus is dope. I'd FW that for sure.'
F*ck you talking bout: This is used to indicate disdain or sometimes surprise about what another person is saying. It is a shortened form of the sentence 'what the f*ck are you talking about!' If used more literally, it can also indicate that you actually do not know what the other person is talking about. For example, 'What smoke? I just got home, fytb?'
Laughing my a*s off: This old-but-gold acronym is still used today to express laughing at a humorous situation. You may have encountered the same acronym being used with repeating letters (lmaaao/lmaooo). All of these mean the same thing.
Just saying: Js is generally used to soften a harsh sentence. It is added at the end of a sentence to portray that the user is just being honest. For example, 'I don't think that color suits you, js.'
Tough sh*t: This acronym can be used to show pity or understanding of another person's problems. It can be compared to the term 'that sucks!'
I miss you: Imy can be used both, in sentences, as well as with a hashtag. It expresses that the user misses the person that they are texting. When used as a hashtag accompanying a picture, it may refer to the person in the picture.
Group Chat: GC just means group chat. It refers to a chat with more than two people in it. It can be referring to different platforms like WhatsApp, texting, etc.
Snapchat Notifications
Snapchat has its own indicators to let a user know what's going on in their account. Use this guide below to better understand what different indicators mean.
Grey arrow / pending
The grey arrow appears when you send a snap to a person, and it hasn't gone through yet. If you have a fast internet connection, you may not even see the grey arrow, as the snap will be sent immediately. However, if you have slower/bad internet, the grey arrow will remain, until the snap has successfully gone through.
It could also mean that the person you are sending the snap to has not added you as a friend yet, or has unfriended you.
Red square / full arrow / empty arrow
The red arrow appears when you have sent a snap (picture/video) without


Communications of the Association for Information Systems
Recently, RFID has emerged to be a promising technology to revolutionize the supply chain and logistics management. Currently there exists a sharp contrast between retailers in China and their counterparts in the United States with respect for RFID adoption. In the United States, big retailers like Wal-Mart are actively pursuing RFID by issuing mandates to their suppliers worldwide for RFID adoption. However, retailers in China never enjoy such a dominating role in pursuing RFID. To explore what is behind this phenomenon, in this paper, an analysis framework is proposed to develop decision support tools for RFID technology adoption analysis in retailers in China. The framework is realized in a service platform developed based on three principles to help reach mutual understanding between RFID vendors and customers in RFID technology adoption analysis. The framework is illustrated and validated through an example to demonstrate its feasibility to help to analyze the adoption of RFID technologies retailers in China. The technology analysis service platform integrates various tools enabling interactive and flexible analysis processes to understand how RFID technology can be adopted and used effectively in retailers in China and in logistics and supply chain management.


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Working Paper No. 90.Ladda ner
This study empirically examines the relationship between knowledge capital and performance heterogeneity at the firm level. The model is based on a knowledge production function comprising of four interdependent equations linking innovativeness to innovation input, innovation output and productivity. The empirical part is based on Korean firm level innovation data. The model is estimated using advanced econometric methods. We investigate whether innovation is a significant and contributing determinant of performance heterogeneity among firms. In examining the relationship between innovation and productivity we correct for selectivity and simultaneity biases. The results show that there is a two-way causal relationship between knowledge capital and labor productivity. Firm-specific effects positively contribute to innovation output but they are negatively related to productivity. Industry heterogeneity does not affect innovation output or productivity.
Heshmati, A., Kim, Y-K. & Kim, H. (2006) The Effects of Innovation on Performance of Korean Firms. Ratio Working Paper No. 90.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


DAR welcomes SAR Team
Pictured left to right Lesley Baran, Merv Hedding, Barbara Hugus and Gordon Lynch
Toni Bolling Lutter
The January program for Gila Butte Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR) was "O Britain, O America: The Divergent Years" presented by Merv Hedding and Gordon Lynch. Using letters, historic documents and press reports, the presenters described events leading up to the Revolutionary War.
Significant events preceding the Revolution included the French and Indian War and the Stamp Act. Britain sustained significant financial drain during the French and Indian War. To pay for the war and for the cost of increased numbers of British troops to protect the Colonies, Britain enacted the Stamp Act, the first tax directly on the American Colonies. Angry Americans began to protest taxation without representation.
The Stamp Act was quickly repealed, but the Colonies were on the road to Concord and Lexington in 1775 and to the Declaration of Independence in 1776.
Hedding and Lynch are Sun Lakes residents and members of Sons of the American Revolution (SAR). SAR is the leading male lineage society that perpetuates the ideals of the war for independence, with several chapters in the area and around Arizona.
Gila Butte DAR meets in Sun Lakes and each program supports a DAR objective of history, education and patriotism. Membership is open to any woman over 18 who can trace her bloodline lineage to a patriot of the American Revolution. Patriot includes military service, but there are many other eligible services which supported the fledgling nation. Genealogical assistance is available. For membership information call _PHONE_ or go to the Gila Butte chapter website at agilabutte.arizonadar.org.


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Practical Applications for Use of PDAs and Smartphones With Children and Adolescents Who Have Traumatic Brain InjuryBy DePompei, Roberta; Gillette, Yvonne; Goetz, Elaine; Xenopoulos-Oddsson; Bryen, Diane; Dowds, Murdo; NeuroRehabilitation: An Interdisciplinary Journal, Vol. 23, No. 6, pp. 487-499
Publication Date: 2008
Study explored the use of personal digital assistants (PDAs) and smartphones as memory aids for children and adolescents with traumatic brain injury (TBI). An initial study including 106 participants with TBI or intellectual disabilities (ID) at three university rehabilitation centers compared the effectiveness of a paper calendar, a Dell PDA, and a Palm PDA as memory aids. During the 8-week trial, participants completed two tasks following a reminder alarm from the PDAs: placing a phone call and leaving a message, and completing a typical task. External memory aids were exchanged each week. Results showed the Palm PDA to be the most effective reminder method across the three groups, with the Palm PDA having the advantage over the Dell model of a louder alarm. Subsequent in-depth studies were conducted with 6 participants from the first trial using several functions of the Palm PDA for a variety of tasks, and 2 of those participants continuing on in a study using smartphones. Results of these studies indicated that the use of electronic devices can enhance independent behavior in individuals with TBI. Factors influencing success included student motivation, audible beep of the device, support for programming and troubleshooting, alterations of functions, and selection of features to motivate. A PDA intervention plan for use by clinicians, developed on the basis of the study results, is appended.
Published by: IOS Press (Website:_URL_)
This publication is included in the library of the National Rehabilitation Information Center (NARIC), accession number J55585


Tag: atom
Calculation of edge length and radius of atom.
Calculate the radius of copper atom if it crystallise in face centred cubic lattice and has a density of 8.93 g / cm cube. Solution Structure given = fcc For fcc, Z = 4 Density, d = 8.93 Molar mass, M = 63.55 Avogadro number = 6.2×10^23 Use the given formula In
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Atomic models
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what is valency? how to calculate it?
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Are you challenged with delivering increased productivity while navigating changing manufacturing conditions? DELMIA's Production and Certification solution provides to production planners, quality specialists and workers the digital continuity between design and manufacturing.
Control Global Mission-critical Operations in Real Time
DELMIA's Production and Certification solution is an industry-proven approach which facilitates the digital continuity between design and manufacturing, providing real-time status for management on production issues, and 100% traceability of all product-related events.
- Control global mission critical operations in real-time - digitize the shop floor to review current production status and make proper decisions of when and where to start each assembly job.
- Decrease cycle time and eliminate rework - maximize workers' productivity with the right instructions at the right time and enforce complete procedural control to ensure regulatory compliance and quality during build.
- Accelerate change order and non-conformance resolution - digital continuity between engineering and manufacturing quickly communicates engineering change orders to the shop floor and in return, informs engineers of the reality of the shop floor process, such as non-conformance.
DELMIA Aerospace & Defense Production and Certification Users:
- Quality Engineers
- Manufacturing Process Engineers
- Production Managers
- Production Workers


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Fort St. Phillip. 1898 emplacement seen in the previous photo. Rear view looking from the center of the fort. Just to the right is one of the 1862 gun emplacements and bombproof. Just below the emplacement (the hole in the thicket) you can see a section of the original brick wall of the forts southwest bastion. As I said, the fort was basically star shaped and was originally built by the Spanish in the early 1700s. The fort was enlarged after the war of 1812. It is not at all like Ft. Jackson, and is about 100 years older. It is nothing more than double brick walls filled with dirt. Most of the Civil War era buildings were destroyed during the battle of April 12, 1862. The fort took the brunt of Porters bombardment. There are still tons (no Joke) of unexploded ordinance lying all over the grounds. But like I said, the real danger there is the wildlife and reptiles. Went there once in dead of winter (by boat). Its a nightmare. Sink holes, quicksand and even snakes in Feb. at 40 degrees, not to mention the boat ride across the river.
Aerial photo/narrative courtesy of Kenny Meyers, Slidell, Louisiana
Return to Civil War Louisiana Aerial Photos


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By Nathan Smith
Pleurotus ostreatus, or the oyster mushroom, is a common edible mushroom. As much at home in a stir fry or a soup, one would not expect this culinary baseline to be anywhere other than at the bottom of the food chain. Surprisingly this is not the case, as the oyster mushroom is a stealthy and efficient predator of nematodes.
Nematodes, a type of worm, are infamous agricultural pests. The damage caused by these miniature beasts has been estimated at $US80 billion per year, though this is believed to be a severe underestimate as many growers are unaware of them. They even present a threat to the cultivated mushroom industry, being a renowned pest of button mushrooms, so how is it that they fall prey to the oyster mushroom?
The answer is one of ingenuity on the part of the fungus. Unable to chase the nematodes, mushrooms are notoriously sessile, it instead lays a trap. It secretes a toxin which, upon contact with a nematode, proceeds to immobilise the worm in as little as 30 seconds. Fungal hyphae, attracted to the (still alive) nematode through host leakage products released by immobilisation, penetrate one or more of the nematode's orifices and proceed to digest it.
The unrelated fungus Arthrobotrys also hunts nematodes, but through a completely different mechanism. Instead of stunning its host, it captures it in a hyphal lasso. Known as a constriction ring, this consists of a hypha fused with itself to form a three-celled ring about 20-30 microns in diameter. If, and when, a nematode enters the ring, it triggers the three cells to expand rapidly (within 1/10th of a second) and trap the nematode.
Killer fungi aren't just of academic interest either. The hunting abilities of fungi, particularly the oyster mushroom, make them potential effective and green bio-control agents. Indeed, initial tests have found the oyster mushroom effective at controlling the Sugar Beet Nematode (Heterodera schachtii), through field tests have yet to be carried out.
It appears that fungi aren't just passive members of the woodland scenery but rather edible guardians protecting against the nematode threat.


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Every word you create becomes a clue that gets you one step closer to the mystery word!
How to Play WordSpector
Click on letters to create words; click Submit when you're done creating a word.
When your word appears on the board, the tiles will be colored to indicate how close you are to guessing the mystery word:
Green = The letter is correct & in the correct place.
Orange = The letter is in the mystery word, but in a different place.
Tan = The letter is not in the mystery word at all.
The fewer guesses it takes you to guess the mystery word, the more points you get.


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Life as We Knew It Study Guide & Plot Summary
This Study Guide consists of approximately 87 pages of chapter summaries, quotes, character analysis, themes, and more - everything you need to sharpen your knowledge of Life as We Knew It.
This section contains 768 words
(approx. 3 pages at 300 words per page)
Purchase our Life as We Knew It Study Guide
Life as We Knew It Summary & Study Guide Description
Life as We Knew It Summary & Study Guide includes comprehensive information and analysis to help you understand the book. This study guide contains the following sections:
This detailed literature summary also contains Topics for Discussion on Life as We Knew It by Susan Beth Pfeffer.
Plot Summary
Life As We Knew It explores what happens to an ordinary family in a normal American town when their world changes forever. An asteroid hits the moon, knocking it into a closer orbit. This causes all kinds of disasters that bring the world to a halt. Without shops, food, electricity, heat and water, Miranda and her family face problems together and struggle to survive.
The story begins with a brief introduction to Miranda's life. She is a normal sixteen-year-old girl who attends high school and thinks about friends and boys. The story is told in the form of her diary, allowing the reader to see her private thoughts and feelings. Everyone at her school is excited about the asteroid that will hit the moon, but when it happens it is not the exciting event they all thought it would be. Instead, the asteroid knocks the moon closer to the earth, causing tsunamis, storms and earthquakes all over the world. Miranda's mother begins to worry about the future, and takes Miranda and her younger brother Jonny out of school to help her shop for supplies. They each take a cart at the supermarket and keep going back for more until their car is full. They buy canned food, dry food, medicine, water and other supplies. Miranda thinks her mother is a little crazy for buying so much, but they will later come to be very thankful for it. Later, Miranda's older brother Matt comes home from college.
Soon shops close and food begins to run out. School is closed early for the summer because they have nothing left to feed the students. Jonny's baseball camp is still on, and he will be able to have fresh food by working at the nearby farm. When Jonny has gone, Miranda's mother introduces rationing. Miranda becomes jealous, irritable and frightened, and gets into a lot of arguments with her mother. She starts a brief relationship with a boy called Dan who swims at Miller's Pond with her, but this does not last long because Dan decides to leave the town. Miranda's friend Sammi also leaves, and her other friend Megan dies.
When Jonny comes back from camp, his father picks him up and visits them. He is heading to Colorado with his new wife Lisa, who is pregnant and wants to be near her parents. He helps them to chop wood for the winter and gives them some more food, then leaves. More problems begin to emerge, such as the huge grey ash cloud blocking out the sun, caused by volcanic eruptions. This means they cannot grow food, and things will soon get very cold. Miranda begins to realize that town is not safe anymore on her own, and has to give up high school because it is in town. She brings home textbooks for her and Jonny to home school. When the gas runs out they use the oil furnace to make sure the pipes do not freeze, and shut off the top floor of the house, moving the mattresses downstairs. Miranda's mother hurts her ankle and is forced to stay in the sunroom with the wood stove on. When it snows, they work to clear the snow from the sunroom roof so it doesn't collapse, and Matt gets the skis out so they can learn to cross-country ski in case they have to travel in the snow.
When the water runs out they turn off the oil furnace and all move into the sunroom. They are having to ration food a lot, but are managing to survive and are happy. They even manage to celebrate Christmas. However, in the new year the family gets sick with flu, and only Miranda is unaffected. She rushes to the hospital, but their mother's doctor friend, Peter, is dead. Miranda nurses her family back to health, and saves them when the wood stove backfires and fills the sunroom with smoke. They are recovering, but food is still running out. Eventually Miranda decides to sacrifice herself so that Jonny can have more food and so have a hope of surviving. She does not want her mother to have to watch her die, so she decides to walk into town and not come back. When she gets to town, she finds men giving out food in the town hall. She takes food home, and the men promise to bring more each week. The family is now through the worst of the crisis and is still alive. The world will never be the same again, but Miranda is just glad that they have each other.
Read more from the Study Guide
This section contains 768 words
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Posts Tagged 'Solidarity Versus Charity'
Charity Versus Solidarity: What's the Difference and Why Does it Matter? (2008 Presentation)
This is a portion of a larger speech, delivered at an event for service providers and community members, sponsored by the Milwaukee YWCA in 2008. In this segment, I discuss the difference between models of social service provision that are rooted in notions of "charity for" those in need, versus models rooted in "solidarity with" [...]


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An Analysis on Finding the Influencing Factors Among Teachers in Kanchipuram District to Enhancing their Pedagogical Knowledge using Data Mining TechniquesJournal: IPASJ International Journal of Computer Science (IIJCS) (Vol.6, No. 1)
Publication Date: 2018-02-13
Authors : Nalini.K Prakasam.S;
Page : 20-25
Keywords : Keywords: Pedagogy; Knowledge; Teachers; Influencing Factors;
ABSTRACT In the Modern Era the Pedagogy Knowledge is playing a vital role in the teacher's carrier. Because it helps to increase their performance, understanding subject, delivering the content to the students. The teachers' ability to make appropriate connections among concepts, to generate different solutions and representations for problems, to address students' difficulties and misconceptions effectively, and to choose appropriate examples to teach a particular topic were largely based on the depth of their subject-matter knowledge. However, the field experiences contributed to their repertoire of examples of students' difficulties and misconceptions as well as instructional strategies and materials. The purpose of this study was to examine how the pedagogy methods and its associated field experience supported the development of pedagogical knowledge for school primary teachers in Kanchipuram District. Also examined to find out the highest influencing factors and least influencing factors of different pedagogical approaches in different subjects in Kanchipuram District Teachers and examined what are the approaches contributed to that development from the teachers' perspective in Kanchipuram District. The data were collected in Kanchipuram District Schools during August 2017 to November 2017. During this period, the author collected 309 samples in the form of observations, questionnaire from different teachers in different schools in Kanchipuram District and the collected data was analyzed according to the pedagogical knowledge framework developed for this study.
Other Latest Articles
Last modified: 2018-02-13 20:34:59


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Author and guest blogger Sophia Ayele discusses key lessons from Oxfam's new report, The Indian Ocean Tsunami, 10 Years On: lessons from the response and ongoing funding challenges
Oxfam's research report, The Indian Ocean Tsunami, 10 Years On, examines the record breaking tsunami funding response and asks why we don't see this level and speed of response for every emergency.
In the days and weeks after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, humanitarian organisations were overwhelmed with generous donations. The UK Disasters Emergency Committee (DEC) combined funding appeal raised a record-breaking £392m ($613m), bringing in eight times more in two months than the DEC's Sudan appeal, which had been running for four times as long. Governments also responded generously, with 99 countries contributing to the response, including 13 that had never before made a recorded contribution to a disaster.
In all, an estimated $13.5bn in donations poured in from the international community with an unprecedented amount (roughly 40%) from private individuals and organizations – making the tsunami the highest-ever privately funded response.
Why don't we see this type of response for every emergency?
The report draws one overarching conclusion – humanitarian funding is often based on factors other than humanitarian need.


Error on a request to write a media location identifier during long backups to Deduplication folders across a WAN.
Article:TECH153943 | Created: 2011-02-22 | Updated: 2013-01-03 | Article URL
Article Type
Technical Solution
During a backup to a deduplication folder, when new media is required, an error pops up indicating that Backup Exec could not write a media location identifier (file mark) to the media. This can happen if the job is taking a long time to fill up a piece of media or complete a job (more than 30 minutes per media). During this time, Backup Exec holds open a session that is not transmitting any data. A variety of devices along the route between the remote agent and the media server can interpret this lack of data transmission as an abandoned session and arbitrarily terminate the session.
This problem typically happens at approximately the same amount of time into an operation. That is, if the job keeps failing at the the same times (e.g. 1.5 hours), then this may be the cause of the problem.
Storage device "Dedupe Folder:2" reported an error on a request to write a media location identifier (file mark). Error reported: A device attached to the system is not functioning.
 This issue is most often associated with a backup that is happening over a slow link (such as a WAN).
Turning on the Debug Monitor for active debugging (SGMon) shows the following errors
[5216] 09/09/10 13:34:22 ndmp_readit: Caught message on closed connection.
Socket 0xc2c len 0xffffffff
[5216] 09/09/10 13:34:22 ndmp_readit: ErrorCode :: 10054 : An existing
connection was forcibly closed by the remote host.
This indicates that one of Backup Exec's sessions from the remote agent to the media server was terminated. The next time this session is used to communicate between the remote agent and the media server, an error is reported.
Note: Refer the related article on how to use SGMON for debug.
Note: As of Backup Exec 2010 R3 Hotfix 159965, Backup Exec has implemented its own keep alive message across deduplication connections. After this Hotfix, it should no longer be necessary to set the system wide keep alive settings below.
There is a setting in Windows that causes the operating system to send "Keep Alive" messages across connections that are otherwise inactive. Set KeepAliveTime and KeepAliveInterval to five seconds (5000ms ). Please consult your Windows documentation for specific instructions on how to do this.
Note that while this has resolved the problem in most cases, there are situations where intervening routers are ignoring the keep alive messages and terminating the session after a set period of time any way. If this is happening, the configuration of those routers must be changed to resolve this problem.
Supplemental Materials
Backups failing due to expired sessions
Article URL
Terms of use for this information are found in Legal Notices


Question: Does Caffeine Make Your Breasts Bigger?
Can caffeine cause dense breast tissue?
For the majority of us, caffeine will not affect breast health and symptoms.
It will not change breast density on your mammogram..
Does caffeine increase breast size?
Too much caffeine can affect the hormones in their bodies, scientists believe, playing havoc with their bust size. The more coffee the women drank, the smaller their breasts, the researchers also found.
Can I drink coffee before a breast ultrasound?
Although consuming coffee — as well as any other caffeinated products like tea, cola or energy drinks — won't affect your test results, it might lead to a less comfortable procedure.
Why should you not drink coffee before a mammogram?
Don't drink coffee, tea or caffeinated soft drinks during the week before a mammogram. Caffeine can make breasts tender and lumpy, which may lead to discomfort during a mammogram. Chocolate and some over-the-counter pain relievers also contain caffeine.
Can I get an ultrasound instead of a mammogram?
Ultrasound may also be used to assess the blood flow to areas around the breasts. The examination is often used along with mammography – but in some cases it is used alone. Unlike mammography, breast ultrasound does not use radiation, and therefore poses no risk to pregnant women.
Can drinking too much caffeine cause breast pain?
Beyond its potential impact on cancer risk, caffeine may affect breast pain. For instance, some women with fibrocystic breast tissue notice that when they avoid caffeinated products, their breast symptoms improve.


Boride Powder
Calcium Hexaboride CaB6 Powder CAS 12007-99-7
Item No.: Tr-CaB6
Calcium hexaboride (sometimes calcium boride) is a compound of calcium and boron with the chemical formula CaB6. It is an important material due to its high electrical conductivity, hardness, chemical stability, and melting point.
Purity: 99.5%
Calcium Hexaboride Properties
About Calcium Hexaboride CaB6 Powder:
Calcium hexaboride (calcium boride) is a compound of calcium and boron, with the chemical formula CaB6. Due to its high conductivity, hardness, chemical stability and melting point, it is an important material. It is a black, shiny, chemically inert powder with low density. It has a typical cubic structure of six metal boride, with octahedral units of six boron atoms and calcium atoms.
CaB6 has been investigated in the past due to a variety of peculiar physical properties, such as superconductivity, valence fluctuation and Kondo effects. However, the most remarkable property of CaB6 is its ferromagnetism. It occurs at unexpectedly high temperatures (600K) and with a low magnetic moment. The origin of this high-temperature ferromagnetism is the ferromagnetic phase of the dilute electron gas, linkage to the presumed excitonic state in calcium boride, or external impurities on the surface of the sample. The impurities might include iron and nickel, probably coming from impurities in the boron used to prepare the sample.
CaB6 is insoluble in H2O, MeOH (methanol), and EtOH (ethanol) and dissolves slowly in acids. Its microhardness is 27 GPa, Knoop hardness is 2600 kg/mm2), the Young modulus is 379 GPa, and electrical resistivity is greater than 2·1010 Ω·m for pure crystals. CaB6 is a semiconductor with an energy gap estimated at 1.0 eV. The low, semi-metallic conductivity of many CaB6 samples can be explained by unintentional doping due to impurities and possible non-stoichiometry. Feel free to send an inquiry to get the latest price if you would like to buy Calcium Hexaboride CaB6 Powder in bulk.
Product Performance of Calcium Hexaboride CaB6 Powder:
Calcium boride has the characteristics of high melting point and high hardness. Its physical and chemical properties are quite stable. When calcined in air, sub-micron CaB6 will only gain weight after 800 degrees Celsius and is not easy to oxidize. CaB6 is generally insoluble in hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, so technically to remove impurity materials by hot hydrochloric acid, but CaB6 is soluble in nitric acid.
How is Calcium Hexaboride CaB6 Powder produced?
One of the main reactions of industrial production is:
CaO + 3 B2O3 + 10 Mg→CaB6 + 10 MgO
Other methods of producing CaB6 powder include:
Calcium or calcium oxide reacts directly with boron at 1000°C;
Ca + 6B→CaB6
Ca(OH)2 reacts with boron under a vacuum of about 1700°C (carbothermal reduction);
Ca（OH）2 + 7B→CaB6 + BO（g）+ H2O（g）
The reaction of calcium carbonate and boron carbide under vacuum above 1400°C (Carbothermal reduction)
CaO and H3BO3 react with Mg to 1100°C.
Low temperature (500°C) synthesis
CaCl2 + 6NaBH4→CaB6 + 2NaCl + 12H2 + 4Na
As a result, the material quality is relatively poor.
In order to produce, for example, pure CaB6 single crystals used as cathode materials, the CaB6 powder thus obtained is further recrystallized and purified by zone melting technology. The typical growth rate is 30 cm/h, and the crystal size is about 1x10 cm.
Single crystal CaB6 nanowires (diameter 15-40 nm, length 1-10 microns) can be obtained by pyrolyzing diborane (B2H6) on calcium oxide (CaO) powder at 860-900°C in the presence of Ni catalyst.
Technical Parameter of Calcium Hexaboride CaB6 Powder:
Product Name MF Purity Particle Size Bulk Density Melting Point Color
Calcium Hexaboride CaB6 99.5% -325 mesh 2.33 g/cm3 2230℃ Gray Black
Application of Calcium Hexaboride CaB6 Powder:
1. Used as a boron-containing additive for dolomite charcoal and magnesium dolomite charcoal refractories to resist oxidation, erosion and improve the thermal strength.
2. Used as a deoxidizing and degassing agent for highly conductive red copper to improve conductivity and strength.
3. Used as a new type of material for preventing neutrons in the nuclear industry.
4. Used as a new type of semiconductor material in spin electronic components with a temperature of 900K.
5. Used as a raw material for manufacturing boron trichloride (BCl3) and amorphous boron.
6. Used as a raw material for manufacturing high-purity metal borides (TiB2, ZrB2, HfB2, etc.) and high-purity boron alloys (Ni-B, Co-B, Cu-B, etc.).
7. Used to manufacture a mixture of catalyst-containing calcium-boron nitride (Ca3B2N4) and hexagonal boron nitride, and to produce crystal cubic boron nitride with excellent performance.
Storage Condition of Calcium Hexaboride CaB6 Powder:
Damp reunion will affect CaB6 powder dispersion performance and using effects, therefore, calcium hexaboride CaB6 powder should be sealed in vacuum packing and stored in cool and dry room, the calcium hexaboride can not be exposure to air. In addition, the CaB6 powder should be avoided under stress.
Packing & Shipping of Calcium Hexaboride CaB6 Powder:
We have many different kinds of packing which depends on the calcium hexaboride CaB6 powder quantity.
Calcium hexaboride CaB6 powder packing: vacuum packing, 1kg/bag, 25kg/barrel, or as your request.
Calcium hexaboride CaB6 powder shipping: could be shipped out by sea, by air, by express as soon as possible once payment receipt.
Calcium Hexaboride Properties
Other Names zirconium boride, ZrB2 powder
CAS No. 12007-99-7
Compound Formula CaB6
Molecular Weight 104.944
Appearance Black Powder
Melting Point 2235 °C
Boiling Point N/A
Density 2.3-2.45 g/cm3
Solubility in H2O Insoluble
Exact Mass N/A
Calcium Hexaboride Health & Safety Information
Signal Word Warning
Hazard Statements H315-H319-H335
Hazard Codes Xi
Risk Codes N/A
Safety Statements N/A
Transport Information NONH for all modes of transport


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Definition of venereal disease in English:
A disease typically contracted by sexual intercourse with a person already infected; a sexually transmitted disease: gonorrhoea is the commonest venereal disease [mass noun]: prostitutes were detained if found to have venereal disease
More example sentences
- The biggest health problems are tuberculosis, venereal diseases, malaria, trachoma, typhoid fever, and dysentery.
- And nearly 50 percent are infected with venereal diseases like syphilis that greatly increase their chances of contracting HIV.
- He claimed he had suffered from a serious infection resulting from a venereal disease he contracted from the rapes.
Definition of venereal disease in:
- US English dictionary
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
Comments that don't adhere to our Community Guidelines may be moderated or removed.


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Lesser Long-nosed Bats:
Nectar-powered Bat Math!
Counting the Calories in Cactus
Contributed by Ginny Dalton, Bat Biologist
Merlin D. Tuttle,BCI
ever wonder: How much energy does it take to operate a bat? How many
flowers must a bat visit to stay alive?
Get ready to count the calories in a cactus flower! After reading this page,
you'll know everything necessary to answer these questions:
- How many
saguaro flowers does a bat have to visit to sustain it for one day?
- For how
many minutes does a bat have to forage to get the nectar it needs
- How many
saguaro plants do you think would be needed to feed a maternity colony
of 10,000 Leptos?
is the minimum number of hectares of land required to feed a bat
colony containing 10,000
Much Energy to Operate a Bat?
Let's look at how much energy is required by an adult Lepto. Here's an animal
with a big energy demand for its size! (Now, nobody has ever measured this
exactly for Leptos, but we can use information about other bats and extend
the results logically.) It takes roughly 20.2 kcal to maintain one of these
bats for a day. A Lepto uses about 100 times less energy in a day than a human
does, as you can see on the chart below. But it weighs 2,000 times less. Obviously
it takes more energy to operate an ounce of bat that an ounce of human! Why?
Well, for one thing, bats fly--and the energetic cost of flight is high.
*NOTE ABOUT CALORIES: There is confusion in the layman's literature
regarding calories. The calorie in everyday use is actually a kilocalorie (kcal,
also designated Calorie, with a capital "C"), 1000
times larger than a calorie with a lower case "c"). In
fact, the makers of labels on food boxes and cans in the grocery
store are careless in their representation of this energy unit. The
labels correctly use the upper case when stating total Calories of
the food within, but then many of them say "based on a 2,000
calorie diet." Note the lower case "c." If literally
interpreted, it is based on a 2 Cal (or kcal) diet, which doesn't
make any sense. You and I can't live on 2 Calories a day!! They actually
meant to write "Calorie;" instead they wrote "calorie."
Calories in Cactus Flowers
How much energy is available in the nectar of the flowers Leptos visit?
(Lepto is short for Leptonycteris curasoae, or lesser long-nosed bats.)
It has been calculated that the nectar in saguaro flowers is about 24% sugar.
This nectar if very sweet: For comparison, Classic Coke is 10% sugar! Each
flower holds about 1.0 ml (milliliter) nectar. A single bat only takes about
0.1 ml with each visit to a flower. A bat's stomach can hold about 4 ml of
fluid when full. Of those stomachs measured, 3 ml are sugar water and the remaining
1 ml was pollen.
There are about 4 calories (= 0.004 kcal) in a mg (milligram) of sugar. There
is 1.0 mg sugar in each microliter (.001 ml) of nectar. So how many calories
in 1.0 ml, the amount a flower holds? If a bat drains an entire flower, how
many visits would the bat have to make to the flower? And how many total calories
would it get from that single flower? (Don't forget to multiply your answer
in cal/ml by 0.24 since the nectar contains only 24% sugar.) I got 960 cal
(0.960 kcal) in a single flower that contains 1.0 ml nectar. So, since a bat
takes about 0.1 ml for each visit, a bat would have to visit about 10 flowers
to get those 960 cal.
Q. How many flowers total
does a bat have to visit to sustain it for one day (20,200 cal = 20.2
8 flowers per saguaro per night, how many saguaro plants would have
to be visited? _______
it takes about 30 seconds per visit to a flower (that includes transit
time to the flower) for one sip (0.1 ml) of nectar. That makes us wonder:
Q. For how
many minutes does a bat have to be flying to get the nectar
it needs each day (24 hours)? _____________
More Bat Math: Mama and Baby Bats
Each female gives birth to a single young each year.
Just think how much energy will be needed by the pregnant bats
after they give birth and start nursing! Not enough information
is available for calculating the exact requirements for pregnant
females, but a near-term fetus of a 22- gram female bat can weigh
as much as 8 grams. A pregnant bat carrying that heavy a load can
require about 40% more power for flight. Of all the calculations
conducted on females during the various reproductive stages, lactation
(when the young are nursing) is the most energetically demanding
on the female.
that, for the two months a female is pregnant, she requires an average
of 27 flowers per night, since pregnant females require more energy.
During pregnancy, how many flowers will one female require? ______
How many flowers will be required by 10,000 females? _______From studies
conducted around Tucson, Arizona, the average saguaro produces 295
flowers per plant per growing season. (A single plant blooms from 27
to 61 days and each plant can produce from 82 to 980 blossoms!)
Q. How many saguaro
plants do you think would be needed to feed a maternity colony
of 10,000 Leptos? _________
are 6 saguaro plants per hectare on average. Using the figure of 295
flowers per plant per nearly 2-month season, what is the minimum number
of hectares of land required to feed a bat colony containing 10,000
pregnant bats? _______________


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Registration is closed for this event.
Saturday 02/23/2013, 8:30 am - 11:30 am
View Edie's profile and full STITCHES West class list
Connect the Shapes Crochet Motifs with Edie Eckman
Sure, it's fun to make granny squares and other crocheted shapes, but what to do with them? Learn techniques and planning strategies to turn individual shapes into finished projects with a minimum of fuss. Get hands-on practice with freeform, "planned freeform," and a variety of geometric options. This is a hands-on class that's sure to get your creative juices flowing!
At least two colors of smooth, #3 (sport/DK) or #4 (worsted-weight) yarn (yarn used for homework); hooks in sizes appropriate for the yarn; Scotch tape.
Bring at least 5 multicolored crocheted motifs made in sportor worsted-weight yarn, in at least 3 different shapes (squares, circles, hexagons, etc.) Make and cut out 2 black-and-white photocopies of each motif. (You can put them on the copier or scanner and copy them in batches, then cut out the individual pieces.) The motifs can be swatches that you made for other projects, but you may want to consider making them in coordinating colors. Use "Connect the Shapes Crochet Motifs" or "Beyond the Square Crochet Motifs" if you need inspiration.


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Once you are there, countries like New Zealand, Australia and South Africa are the friendliest to new expats. But this question of which country is most friendly to incoming corporate workers has more to do with immigration practices.
- New Zealand
Canada continues to remain at the top of the list, with a fifth of its population being foreign-born, which is double that of the United States.
According to the Canadian government, few countries in the world can match Canada's embrace of immigration and integration. Last year, Canada admitted over 271,000 new permanent residents, the highest number since 2010. The top 10 countries from where permanent residents originated are:
ANGER about immigration is on the rise in many rich countries. Not so in Canada (see our briefing). A fifth of the country's population is foreign-born, about twice the share in America. In the 12 months to June 2016, Canada admitted 321,000 immigrants, nearly 1% of its population. Where do they come from?


udt4twisted An UDT4 integration package for twisted. ========= Summary ========= This package provides integration of udt as a transport protocol in twisted. It works by replacing the default epoll reactor with a modified one. Also, it provides top-level api(taken mostly from tcp.py) for listening and connecting to udt transports. ======= Usage ======= #) Basically use it like you will use TCP in twisted, but all sockets will be in SOCK_DGRAM mode only. Also :code:'write()' has ttl and inorder options. #) Check examples/ #) When using twistd or trial, put: -r udtepoll =============== Prerequisites =============== #) PyUDT #) twisted ======= Notes ======= #) Tests from twisted pass only in internet/ and protocol/, for the others they just seem to "hang" (something to do with flags, probably) #) More options related purely to udt should be included.(e.g. controlling socket creation, buffers, timeouts) #) UDT does not provide separate error events, instead these will be catched on an attempt read or write. This means that connectionLost will NOT be called as soon as the connection is lost for example. #) It is highly recommended to use the latest revision at the udt-git repo _URL_ (if it doesn't break compatibility with PyUDT). _URL_ Martin N. Gergov 903a65e94b782205b368d626e48ef1c4155dbd33 0.2.5


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NatureServe Web Services
About Web Services
NatureServe Web Services enable you to create dynamic, customized Web applications that interact directly with NatureServe's biodiversity databases. Using Web Services, data users can:
- Obtain near realtime access to the most recent biological inventories.
- Access and analyze data in your own applications, such as a GIS.
- Easily compare data developed across multiple states and provinces.


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transitive verb/verbo transitivo
- [amount/condition/time] estipular she stipulated payment in dollars estipuló or especificó que el pago debería hacerse en dólares the rules stipulate that … las normas estipulan or establecen que …More example sentences
- The requirement was stipulated in his bail conditions, a top prosecutor said on Tuesday.
- Among the requirements is an agreement stipulating the areas of collaboration between the foreign design firm and its mainland counterpart.
- The advice line has an automated system into which you input your holiday plans and by return get a tailored information pack stipulating both what is required and what advised.
intransitive verb/verbo intransitivo
Find out how to write letters in Spanish, including advice on greetings, layout, endings...
In Spain, pinchos are small portions of food, often on a cocktail stick, eaten in a bar or cafe. Often free, they are similar to


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Use this resource - and many more! - in your textbook!
AcademicPub holds over eight million pieces of educational content for you to mix-and-match your way.
High-performance implementation for graph-based packet classification algorithm on network processor
2004 / IEEE / 0-7803-8533-0
This item was taken from the IEEE Conference'High-performance implementation for graph-based packet classification algorithm on network processor'In this paper, we present a high-performance implementation for the search function of a graph-based packet classification algorithm, used by networking applications in Internet routers, on the Intel IXP1200 network processor. The implementation uses optimal consolidation of memory reads to reduce the number of expensive SRAM accesses. Also, the implementation inserts instructions after SRAM accesses to hide the memory access latencies and improve processor utilization. Experimental results show the performance of the implemented search function on the IXP1200 using five microengines at 166 MHz can be as high as 1.18 Msps (million searches per second), which satisfies the requirements of packet rates from OC-3 or fast Ethernet and up to OC-12 or Gigabit Ethernet. The methods presented here can also be adapted to other network processors with similar architectures.
Telecommunication Network Routing
Local Area Networks
Graph-based Packet Classification Algorithm
Intel Ixp1200 Network Processor
Application Specific Integrated Circuits
Random Access Memory
Memory Access Latencies


Laowai Comics: And What Do You Do?
Laowai Comics
Laowai Comics is a periodic webcomic. Beijing Cream is proud to debut its Thursday comic every week. Our intrepid artist is taking the rest of the summer off, so enjoy this one for a while! Full archives here.
Click to enlarge
 6 Responses to "Laowai Comics: And What Do You Do?"
 1. mike
 the real joke is that they're all English teachers… they just do the 'interesting/cool' thing in their spare time. You honestly think a "Life Coach" can get a 签证 in China? That's rich.
 2. Claus Rasmussen
 How come being English teacher in China is such a low status job?
 I don't hold (Western) teachers in high regard, but I would say that working in China is a step up compared to working in a public school.
 3. Gar
 Anyone I know who is a trained English teacher, always qualifies it:
 "I'm an English teacher…. English literature"
 "Oh, I teach English language"
 And anyone who's a non-English teacher equally qualifies it: "I'm a teacher"
 "But I teach maths"
 Leave a Reply
 - (will not be published)
 + 2 = five


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Since a Red Flag Warning is rarely issued, many people are caught off guard about what it means.
A Red Flag Warning is issued when weather conditions become supportive for explosive fire growth. It is issued to prevent burning in a situation where a fire can easily get out of control. Three criteria have to be met when considering a Red Flag Warning, 1.) Sustatined winds just above the surface above 15 miles per hour. 2.) Relative humdity values below 25 percent. 3.) 10 hour fuel moisture below 8 percent. (10 hour fuels - stem diameter less than 1 inch).
This afternoon's forecast for the Interstate 75 corridor calls for southwest around 15 mph with gusts up to 30 mph, relative humidities between 20 and 25 percent, and 10 hour fuel moisture less than 8 percent.
The public should restrain from burning this afternoon to avoid potential wild fires.


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|Dryden Home > Collections > Movies Home > Proteus|
The Proteus is a unique aircraft, designed as a high-altitude, long-duration telecommunications relay platform with potential for use on atmospheric sampling and Earth-monitoring science missions. Designed by Burt Rutan, president of Scaled Composites, LLC, of Mojave, Calif., Proteus is an "optionally piloted" aircraft ordinarily flown by two pilots in a pressurized cabin. However, it also has the capability to perform its missions semi-autonomously or flown remotely from the ground.
The aircraft is designed to cruise at altitudes from 59,000 to more than 65,000 feet for up to 18 hours. It was designed to carry an 18-foot diameter telecommunications antenna system for relay of broadband data over major cities. The design allows Proteus to be reconfigured for a variety of other missions such as atmospheric research, reconnaissance, commercial imaging, and launch of small space satellites. It is designed for extreme reliability and low operating costs, and to operate out of general aviation airports with minimal support.
Proteus has an all-composite airframe with graphite-epoxy sandwich construction. Its wingspan of 77 feet 7 inches is expandable to 92 feet with removable wingtips installed. Proteus is 56.3 feet long, 17.6 feet high and weighs 5,900 pounds empty. Proteus is powered by two Williams FJ44-2 turbofan engines, each rated at 2,300 pounds of thrust.
Flight testing of the Proteus began in the summer of 1998 at Mojave Airport and continued through the end of 1999.
Under NASA's Environmental Research Aircraft and Sensor Technology (ERAST) project, NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center assisted Scaled Composites in developing a sophisticated station-keeping autopilot system and a satellite communications (SATCOM)-based uplink-downlink data system for Proteus' performance and payload data.
Flight testing included the installation and checkout of the autopilot system, including the refinement of the altitude hold and altitude change software. The SATCOM equipment, including avionics and antenna systems, was installed and checked out in several flight tests. The systems performed flawlessly during Proteus' deployment to the Paris Airshow in 1999.
NASA has used Proteus as a testbed for a variety of technologies related to maturing unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) for use in civil applications.
A small Airborne Real-Time Imaging System (ARTIS) camera, developed by HyperSpectral Sciences, Inc., under NASA's ERAST project, was demonstrated during the summer of 1999 when it took visual and near-infrared photos from Proteus while it was flying high over the Experimental Aircraft Association's "AirVenture 99" Airshow at Oshkosh, Wisc. The images were displayed on a computer monitor at the show only moments after they were taken.
In March 2002, NASA Dryden, in cooperation with New Mexico State University's Technical Analysis and Applications Center (TAAC), the FAA and several other entities, conducted flight demonstrations of an active detect, see and avoid (DSA) system for potential application to unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) out of Las Cruces, New Mexico. Proteus was flown as a surrogate UAV controlled remotely from the ground, although safety pilots were aboard to handle takeoff and landing and any potential emergencies. Three other aircraft, ranging from general aviation aircraft to a NASA F/A-18, served as "cooperative" target aircraft with an operating transponder.
In each of 18 different scenarios, a Goodrich Skywatch HP Traffic Advisory System (TAS) on the Proteus detected approaching air traffic on potential collision courses, including several scenarios with two aircraft approaching from different directions. The remote pilot then directed Proteus to turn, climb or descend as needed to avoid the potential threat.
In April 2003, a second series of flight demonstrations focusing on "non-cooperative" aircraft (those without operating transponders), was conducted in restricted airspace near Mojave, Calif., again using the Proteus as a surrogate UAV. Proteus was equipped with a small Amphitech OASys 35 Ghz primary radar system to detect potential intruder aircraft on simulated collision courses. The radar data was telemetered directly to the ground station as well as via an Inmarsat satellite system installed on Proteus. A mix of seven intruder aircraft, ranging from a sailplane to a high-speed jet, flew 20 scenarios over a four-day period, one or two aircraft at a time. In each case, the radar picked up the intruding aircraft at ranges from 2.5 to 6.5 miles, depending on the intruder's radar signature. Proteus' remote pilot on the ground was able to direct Proteus to take evasive action if needed.
Based on the preliminary results of both series of tests, project engineers believe that some upgrades would have to be made to both the Skywatch and the OASys detection systems to maximize their effectiveness as collision-avoidance detection sensors for UAVs. Additional flight tests of other types of detection systems, such as electro-optical infrared devices, may occur in the future under a follow-on program in an effort to establish an equivalent level of safety for UAVs to that now required of manned aircraft.
The ERAST Project is sponsored by the Office of Aerospace Technology at NASA Headquarters, and is managed by the Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, Calif.
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The Defiant Ones
[whitespace] Defying Gravity
Launch Break: As she awaits the Challenger's launch, the Teacher (Denise Balthrop Cassidy) gets a visit from Claude Monet (Julian Lopez -Morillas) in 'Defying Gravity.'
Ordinary people are heroes in drama about the space shuttle crash
By Heather Zimmerman
JANE ANDERSON'S unusual drama, Defying Gravity, could almost be the theatrical equivalent of Apple Computer's "Think different" campaign. Like those black-and-white billboards depicting 20th-century visionaries, Anderson's play makes the seemingly extraordinary accessible. But Apple puts within reach, for the price of an iMac, merely a taste of greatness. Not so in Defying Gravity, in which being a visionary lies within everyone's grasp. San Jose Stage Company has assembled an excellent cast for the West Coast premiere of Anderson's intriguing, if flawed, tribute to "ordinary" people of vision.
Defying Gravity tells the story of the days before the 1986 space shuttle Challenger disaster through a character known simply as the Teacher (Denise Balthrop Cassidy)--symbolically, she is never specifically identified as Christa McAuliffe. The Teacher's daughter, Elizabeth (Delia MacDougall), retells the events leading up to the launch, remembering as a child her difficulty in comprehending her mother's passion. Elizabeth's retrospective confessionals are coupled with flashbacks of chaotic domestic scenes as her mother juggles work, parenting and her new role as astronaut, contrasting the Teacher's "ordinary" roles with the fame she gained as part of the Challenger crew--before and after the disaster. Amy Glazer's sensitive direction captures both the hectic frustration of these scenes and their underlying poignancy.
Less effective is Anderson's paralleling of NASA's space explorations with the efforts of another individual who sought to gain a different "view" of the world: French Impressionist painter Claude Monet. His spirit wanders through scenes in which the Teacher, the space center workers and spectators anticipate the shuttle launch. Although Julian Lopez-Morillas is wonderful as Monet, the artist's presence sometimes seems more like a cautionary visit from the Ghost of Nonconformists Past than the inspiring apparition of a previous pioneer.
Fittingly, the virtues of Defying Gravity are truly in the ordinary. No characters provide a more revealing exploration of the play's theme of "seeing differently" than Ed and Betty (Don Hiatt and Linda Hoy), a retired couple touring the country in their Winnebago, who come to see the Challenger launch. Ed and Betty portray the human hunger for new knowledge just as well as the astronaut Teacher does; in each case, we see people reaching beyond limitations--whether it's age or fear--in order to learn and discover.
The greatest human feat recognized by Defying Gravity is the ability to communicate. In its capacity to forge relationships, which in turn inspire characters to do anything from going into space to overcoming a fear of heights, communication leads to triumph. And its absence can lead to tragedy, as a NASA ground-crew member describes how a failure to communicate likely led to the Challenger's loss.
It is also in the theme of communication that Anderson's comparison between space exploration and Impressionism works best. In their ability to touch others, Monet's innovative works have lived on, as have the memories of Christa McAuliffe and the Challenger crew. Each in individual ways sought to gain perspective on the human place in the universe.
Defying Gravity plays at the Stage Theater, 490 S. First St., San Jose; Wed.-Sat. at 8pm, Sun. at 2pm through Feb. 21. Tickets are $16-$22. For more information, call 408/_PHONE_.
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From the February 4-10, 1999 issue of Metro.
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text:
Post Health Care Jobs.
What Cytotechnologists do:
A Cytotechnologist is an expert in the study the formation, structure and function of cells. A Cytotechnologist is trained to detect changes in cellular activity in the early diagnosis of cancer and other diseases. Cytotechnologists supply information to Physicians, who then make a diagnosis. Cytotechnologists can work in Hospitals and Private Laboratories, always under the supervision of a Registered Pathologist.
The main duties of a Cytotechnologist include:
– Working with pathologists to detect abnormalities in cellular material
– Preparing slides of body cells
– Examining cells microscopically to detect possible malignancy
– Working with a wide variety of laboratory specimens
– Reporting findings to the supervising Pathologist or Physician
Education & Qualifications:
To apply for an entry position in cytotechnology, you will need to have completed a relevant Bachelor's degree program, plus one year of special instruction in cytotechnology. Typical subjects studied in a cytotechnology program include: embryology, cytology, clinical medicine, human anatomy, cytophysiology, endocrinology, cytochemistry, parasitology, microbiology, histology, and inflammatory diseases.
Certification is available by completing an exam administered by the American Society for Clinical Pathologists Board of Registry (ASCP BOR).
Salary & Job Prospects:
Salaries for Cytotechnologists vary from $60,000 to $75,000 depending on educational qualifications, position held, experience and location. The demand for Cytotechnologists is predicted to grow rapidly over the coming years. This is mainly due to new screening procedures for cancer detection.
Find an Allied Health School near you:
Use the Further Your Career zip code search box to find schools and colleges in your area that offer alliedhealth / medical technology programs.
Below is a list of some of the various types of allied health careers / professions:
|Links to Types of Allied Health Careers|
Anesthesiologist Assistant »
Medical Technologist »
Allied health school NYC:


text:
Open IP strategies for enabling sustainability transitions
Jan Sternkopf, Keil University
Frank Tietze, University of Cambridge
Elisabeth Eppinger, Freie Universität Berlin
Pratheeba Vimalnath, Indian Institute of Science
As global societies are evolving to knowledge economies, intellectual property (IP) is becoming increasingly important. Contemporaneously, firms are opening up their innovation processes in contrast to the internally focused closed innovation paradigm, making IP of substantial relevance for firms as well as for societies. However, in spite of this relevance, existing literature about Open IP approaches is scarce, and most existing investigations are focusing on the software industry. This paper links Open IP to social and environmental issues, and particularly discusses IP strategies against the backdrop of sustainability transitions. The challenges for innovative, small companies to compete with incumbents and their role to contribute to sustainability transitions are demonstrated and suggestions for promising future research are presented.
Keywords: Open intellectual property, sustainability transitions, technology diffusion, Tesla


text:
Prizes and Productivity
...there is a negative relationship between productivity and winning the Fields Medal...
The production of knowledge is central to long-term economic growth. Yet little is known about how knowledge is produced, making it difficult to design incentives to elicit effort from knowledge producers. Prizes are a common incentive for knowledge production; hundreds of scientific prizes are awarded throughout the world and across all scientific disciplines. Although these prizes are frequently awarded with the explicit goal of inspiring more and better scientific work, whether they are effective remains an open question.
In Prizes and Productivity: How Winning the Fields Medal Affects Scientific Output (NBER Working Paper No. 19445), authors George Borjas and Kirk Doran examine the impact of winning the Fields Medal on the post-medal productivity and research choices of mathematicians. The Fields Medal is the most prestigious award in mathematics, awarded every four years to a mathematician under the age of 40. Established by the Canadian mathematician John Charles Fields, the medal is often thought of as the "Nobel Prize of Mathematics."
The authors use archival data from the American Mathematical Society and the Mathematics Genealogy Project to estimate the age-productivity profile of these exceptional mathematicians along a number of different dimensions, including the number of papers published, citations received, and students mentored.
The authors find that the age-productivity profiles of the Fields Medal winners and the losing contenders in their cohort are similar until the year in which the medal is awarded. After the award, the rate of output of the Fields medalists, regardless of how it is measured, declines noticeably.
The authors also find that the medalists exhibit far greater cognitive mobility, shifting across sub-fields within mathematics, in the post-medal period. The winners are more likely to pursue topics that are not related to their pre-medal work. Because cognitive mobility is costly and additional time is required to prepare a paper in an unfamiliar field, the increased rate of cognitive mobility reduces the medalists' rate of output in the post-medal period. The data suggest that about half of the decreased productivity in the post-medal period can be attributed to the increased propensity for experimentation.
Although there is a negative relationship between productivity and winning the Fields Medal, the authors caution that other types of prizes may have different post-prize productivity effects. The Fields Medal is awarded at a relatively young age and the timing of the prize could have a significant impact on post-prize incentives. Similarly, mathematics is an unusual field in that researchers typically do not need expensive infrastructure to produce theorems. Prizes in the physical sciences, and even in economics, may open up funding opportunities that could significantly increase post-prize productivity for the winners.
The findings suggest that the post-prize productivity impact of winning a prestigious award can be substantial, affecting both the quantity and type of research the winners produce. The authors argue that the increased opportunities provided by the Fields Medal discouraged the recipients from continuing to produce the pure mathematics for which the medal was awarded, and encouraged time-consuming investments in ever more distant locations in the space of ideas.
--Les PickerThe Digest is not copyrighted and may be reproduced freely with appropriate attribution of source.


text:
The statements offered by QS150 cover the diagnostic reporting and organisation of haematological cancer services for people of all ages and managing haematological cancers in people aged 16 years and older. It is expected to contribute to improvements in the following outcomes:
- overall survival of haematological cancers
- treatment-related morbidity of haematological cancers
- quality of life of people with haematological cancers
- patient management of haematological cancers.
The standards set by QS151 cover oral health, including dental health and daily mouth care, for adults in care homes. It is expected to contribute to improvements in the following outcomes:
- health-related quality of life
- oral health-related quality of life
- social interaction and communication.


Getting Interfaces to COM Object
IUnknown and IDispatch Interfaces
When you invoke the actxserver or actxcontrol functions, the MATLAB® software creates the server and returns a handle to the server interface as a means of accessing its properties and methods. The software uses the following process to determine which handle to return:
 1. First get a handle to the IUnknown interface from the component. All COM components are required to implement this interface.
 2. Attempt to get the IDispatch interface. If IDispatch is implemented, return a handle to this interface. If IDispatch is not implemented, return the handle to IUnknown.
Additional Interfaces
Components often provide additional interfaces, based on IDispatch, that are implemented as properties. Like any other property, you obtain these interfaces using the MATLAB get function.
For example, a Microsoft® Excel® component contains numerous interfaces. To list these interfaces, along with Excel properties, type:
h = actxserver('Excel.Application');
MATLAB displays information like:
 Application: [1x1 Interface.Microsoft_Excel_9.0_
 Creator: 'xlCreatorCode'
 Parent: [1x1 Interface.Microsoft_Excel_9.0_
 ActiveCell: []
 ActiveChart: [1x50 char]
To see if Workbooks is an interface, type:
w = h.Workbooks
MATLAB displays:
w =
The information displayed depends on the version of the Excel software you have on your system.
For examples using Excel in MATLAB, see:
Custom Interfaces
The MATLAB COM Interface supports custom interfaces for the following client/server configurations:
Limitations to custom interface support are:
 - Custom interfaces are not supported on a 64-bit version of MATLAB.
 - You cannot invoke functions with optional parameters.
Once you have created a server, you can query the server component to see if any custom interfaces are implemented using the interfaces function.
For example, if you have a component with the ProgID mytestenv.calculator, you can see its custom interfaces using the commands:
h = actxserver('mytestenv.calculator');
customlist = h.interfaces
MATLAB displays the interfaces, which might be:
customlist =
To get the handle to a particular interface, use the invoke function:
c1 = invoke(h,'ICalc1')
c1 =
Use this handle c1 to access the properties and methods of the object through this custom interface ICalc1.
For example, to list the properties, use:
 background: 'Blue'
 height: 10
 width: 0
To list the methods, use:
 Add = double Add(handle, double, double)
 Divide = double Divide(handle, double, double)
 Multiply = double Multiply(handle, double, double)
 Subtract = double Subtract(handle, double, double)
To add and multiply numbers using the Add and Multiply methods of the object, use:
sum = Add(c1,4,7)
sum =
prod = c1.Multiply(4, 7)
prod =
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Journals and Posts
Herbert Wade Clements
Strasser Name History
Strasser's come from the village Strass near Ulm. The village goes back to the Limes Road of the Roman empire. A thousand years ago there lived a half dozen families without last names in the village. They were owned by Cloister Elching and a dramatic event around AD 1000 gave them freedom and a name.They moved down the Danube, up the Nekar and spread across Franconia. Out of about. 40 there are now 12-13000 today across the world.
What does the Strasser name mean?
German and Jewish (Ashkenazic): topographic name for someone living by a main street or highway, from Middle High German strasse, German Strasse?street?,?road?.
Slovenian: phonetically Germanized spelling of Slovenian Stra?ar, occupational name for a sentinel, from an agent derivative of stra?a?watch?,?guard?,?sentry?.


text:
Muscat de Mireval is a lesser known wine and the is smallest sweet wine appellation in the south of France. These vineyards are located on the slopes of the Massif de la Gardiole, at the edge of the Vic La Gardiole lagoon close to the community of Mireval. The soils were formed during the Jurassic period and have a high content of limestone fragments. The chalky Jurassic soil with its ancient alluvial deposits and rounded stones is protected from the weather by the 230 metre-high mountain and is influenced by the nearby Mediterranean sea.
The wine is made with the Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains grape which was recommended as an elixir for life under the Roman Empire and by doctors during the Renaissance. This source of well-being was even recognised by the Tax Office under the old regime, as Languedoc Muscats were exempt from taxes as they were considered "medicinal". The famous French Renaissance writer, doctor and humanist Rabelais was a great admirer of Mireval wines.


text:
Landscape, Water and Religion in Ancient India
Ritual sites and water resource structures in their archaeological landscape
project is geared towards building integrated models of religious, economic and
environmental history in central and western India through the documentation of
ritual sites and water-resource structures in their archaeological landscape.
central question is how did the spread and institutionalisation of Buddhist and
Brahmanical religious traditions between c. 3rd century BC and 6th century AD
relate to other important processes such as urbanisation, state-formation and
innovations in agriculture?
There are two major interrelated research themes: Religion in the Landscape; and Water and Civilisation, with three main geographical zones of application: Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Gujarat.
- Religion in the Landscape
The study of ancient Indian religion has long since been dominated by textual scholarship which has given priority to the Sanskrit tradition, and drawn on archaeology largely for supplementary evidence. Furthermore, until recently the site-based focus of South Asian archaeology has meant that ritual sites have tended to be studied in isolation from wider patterns in the landscape. This project has sought to build a more integrated approach to textual and archaeological scholarship on early Indian religion, focussing in particular on the following questions: What was the changing relationship between the state and religion? How did the different religious traditions attract local patronage networks? How did they relate to local agricultural communities? What was the nature of inter-religious dynamics?
- Water and Civilisation
The development of advanced irrigation systems has been seen as a major factor in the rise of complex, urban societies in ancient India. However, a number of questions regarding the history and chronology of irrigation technology and its role in the wider economic, political and religious landscape, have remained unanswered. The traditional view, based largely on readings of problematically dated texts such as the Arthasastra, is that the building and management of irrigation works was dependent on centralised state administration. Marxist-inspired models such as Wittogel's 'Hydraulic Civilisations of the Orient' have led to similar notions regarding Asian economic systems as a whole. In recent years, these have undergone major revision following studies of more devolved systems of irrigation management in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia involving village councils and religious institutions. In India, however, traditional models have until recently remained unchallenged due in part to the paucity of archaeological research on irrigation.Steps towards redressing this problem have been taken in relation to a group of dams documented during the Sanchi Survey Project (Madhya Pradesh) with comparative studies in Gujarat and Maharashtra. Datable to the early centuries BC, the Sanchi dams appear to have been central to the development of sustainable exchange networks between Buddhist monks and the local laity, just as contemporaneous irrigation systems in Sri Lanka formed the basis of monastic landlordism and a distinctly 'Buddhist economics'.
- Shaw, J. (2011). 'Monasteries, monasticism, and patronage in ancient India: Mawasa, a recently documented hilltop Buddhist complex in the Sanchi area of Madhya Pradesh', South Asian Studies 27 (2): 111-130.
- Sutcliffe, J., J. Shaw, and E. Brown (2011). 'Historical water resources in South Asia: the hydrological background', Hydrological Sciences Journal 56 (5): 775-788.
- Shaw, J. (2009). 'Stūpas, monasteries and relics in the landscape: typological, spatial, and temporal patterns in the Sanchi area', in A. Shimada and J. Hawkes, eds., Buddhist Stūpas in South Asia: Recent Archaeological, Art-Historical, and Historical Perspectives. New Delhi : Oxford University Press.
- Madella, M., R. Osborne, and J. Shaw, (Eds.) (2009), The Archaeology of Water. World Archaeology, vol. 41.1.
- Shaw, J. (2007). Buddhist Landscapes in Central India: Sanchi hill and archaeologies of religious and social change, c. 3rd century BC to 5th century AD. London: British Association for South Asian Studies, The British Academy.
- Shaw, J. (2007), 'Landscape, Water and Religion in Ancient India', Archaeology International 2006-2007, 43-52.
- Shaw, J., J. V. Sutcliffe, L. Lloyd-Smith, J-L. Schwenninger, and M.S. Chauhan, with contributions by E. Harvey and O.P. Misra (2007), 'Ancient Irrigation and Buddhist history in Central India: Optically Stimulated Luminescence and pollen sequences from the Sanchi dams', Asian Perspectives 46(1): 166-201.
- Shaw, J. (2005), 'The archaeological setting of Buddhist monasteries in central India: a summary of a multi-phase survey in the Sanchi area, _PHONE_', in C. Jarrige and V. Lefèvre (eds.), South Asian Archaeology 2001: proceedings of the 16th international conference of the European Association of South Asian Archaeologists, Paris: Éditions Recherche sur les Civilisations, ADPF, Vol. 2, 665-676.
- Shaw, J. and J.V. Sutcliffe (2005), 'Ancient Dams and Buddhist Landscapes in the Sanchi area: New evidence on Irrigation, Land use and Monasticism in Central India', South Asian Studies 21, 1-24.
- Shaw, J. (2004), 'Naga sculptures in Sanchi's archaeological landscape: Buddhism, Vaisnavism and local agricultural cults in central India, first century BCE to fifth century CE', Artibus Asiae LXIV(1), 5-59.
- Shaw, J. (2004), 'Early historic landscapes in central India: recent archaeological investigations in districts Raisen and Vidisha, Madhya Pradesh, 2003-4', Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies in History and Archaeology 1, 143-150.
- Shaw, J. and J.V. Sutcliffe (2003), 'Ancient dams, settlement archaeology and Buddhist propagation in central India: the hydrological background', Hydrological Sciences Journal 48 (2), 277-291.
- Shaw, J. and J.V. Sutcliffe (2003), 'Water management, patronage networks and religious change: new evidence from the Sanchi dam complex and counterparts in Gujarat and Sri Lanka', South Asian Studies 19, 73-104.
- Shaw, J. and J.V. Sutcliffe (2001), 'Ancient irrigation works in the Sanchi area: an archaeological and hydrological investigation', South Asian Studies 17, 55-75.
- Shaw, J. (2000), 'The sacred landscape', in M. Willis, with contributions by J. Cribb and J. Shaw, Buddhist Reliquaries from Ancient India, London: British Museum Press, 27-38.
- Shaw, J. (2000), 'Sanchi and its archaeological landscape: Buddhist monasteries, settlements and irrigation works in central India', Antiquity 74, 775-776.
Shaw, J. (1999), 'Buddhist landscapes and monastic planning in eastern Malwa: the elements of intervisibility, surveillance and the protection of relics', in T. Insoll, (ed.), Case Studies in Archaeology and World Religion: the proceedings of the Cambridge conference, Oxford: Archaeopress, 5-17.
Publications in preparation
- Shaw, J. (Ed.) Archaeology of Religious Change. World Archaeology, vol. 45.1
- Shaw, J., 'Introduction'. Archaeology of Religious Change. World Archaeology, vol. 45.1
- Shaw, J., 'Archaeologies of Religious Change in South Asia'. Archaeology of Religious Change. World Archaeology, vol. 45.1
- Shaw, J., 'Archaeologies of well-being and suffering: environmental ethics and Buddhist economics in ancient India' (2013)
- Shaw, J., 'Buddhist mortuary rituals in ancient India'. Invited paper for pre-circulation in seminar to be held at the McDonald Institute, Cambridge in April 2011. Papers will be peer reviewed and published in a single volume by 2013. Seminar title: Death Shall Have no Dominion. Organisers: Colin Renfrew, Michael Boyd, and Ian Morley
- Shaw, J., and A. Beck, 'The archaeological application of satellite remote-sensing in Central India' 2012/3).
- Shaw, J., J. Sutcliffe, and E. Brown. 'Irrigation and complex society in ancient India: an archaeo-hydrological assessment'. Water History(journal). (2012)
- Shaw, J., J., Sutcliffe, E. Cork, and H. Bakker. 'Archaeological landscapes at Ramtek and Mansar: religion, politics and water in the Vakataka empire', South Asian Studies (2012)
- British Association for South Asian Studies (2006-8)
- Department of Archaeology, Museums and Archives, Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal (PI)
- John Sutcliffe, Reading
- Religious change
- Social & economic change
- Landscape archaeology
- Water management
- Ancient irrigation
- Patronage & kingship
- Ritual landscapes