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What will the labor productivity growth rate be in 2023?
A useful measure of AI capabilities is the amount of economically valuable work that can be performed by AI. A possible outcome of growth in AI capabilities is labor becoming more productive, with increasingly capable automated systems significantly enhancing the value of individual workers.
Since Q4 1948- Q3 2016 the average business cycle has seen a labor productivity growth rate of 2.3%.
The Bureau of Labor Statistics definition:
Labor productivity, or output per hour, is calculated by dividing an index of real output by an index of hours worked by all persons, including employees, proprietors, and unpaid family workers.
What will the labor productivity growth rate be in 2023?
The resolution index will be the BLS measure of non-farm business sector labor productivity, averaged over the reported quarterly growth rates for Q1-Q4 2023.
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Rituals and religion help footballers cope
Superstitions can help footballers control their anxiety before a game. That is the finding of research presented at the British Psychology Society Annual Conference, held at the Grand Connaught Rooms, London this week.
Patrick Ofori from the University of Stirling interviewed 10 members of the Ghana team taking part in the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa about their superstitions and religious experiences. These included both formal religious rituals and individual superstitions like a lucky mascot
Comments from the players included, "My prayers give me self-belief in my abilities and confidence to play without fear", and "I feel really good any time that I do them and am able to play well too."
The interviews were transcribed and then analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. This is a technique for discovering how individuals make sense of their personal and social worlds.The analysis of the transcripts revealed that superstitious and religious rituals can be helpful or unhelpful to players depending how they are learned.
Patrick Ofori commented: "Coaches and psychologists should encourage athletes to own their rituals and integrate them into their wider coping strategies, because our findings suggest that superstitions and religious rituals can help immunise elite footballers against anxiety. They seem to increase their self-confidence and make them feel more in control of events too."
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text:
Translate reward | into French | into German | into Italian | into Spanish
Definition of reward
a thing given in recognition of one's service, effort, or achievement:the holiday was a reward for 40 years' service with the company he's reaping the rewards of his hard work and perseverance figurativethe emotional rewards of being a parent a fair return for good or bad behavior:a slap on the face was his reward for his impudence a sum offered for the detection of a criminal, the restoration of lost property, or the giving of information.
verb [with object]
make a gift of something to (someone) in recognition of their services, efforts, or achievements:the engineer who supervised the work was rewarded with a bonus show one's appreciation of (an action or quality) by making a gift:an effective organization recognizes and rewards creativity and initiative
) receive what one deserves:their hard work was rewarded by the winning of a five-year contract


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Department of Marine Ecology, Khoramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khoramshahr, Iran
Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
The concentrations of mercury (Hg) and methyl mercury (MeHg) in sediment and tissues of Barbus grypus and Barbus esocinus fish species from Musa estuary, north part of the Persian Gulf, were measured. The order of Hg and MeHg concentrations in the sediment and tissues of the fish species was as follows: liver > gill > muscle > sediment. In the tissues of two fish species, the Hg and MeHg concentrations were highest in liver whereas lowest in the muscle. In the sediment, mean concentrations of Hg and MeHg were 0.83 and 0.437 µg g−1. Mean concentrations of Hg and MeHg in B. grypus were 1.2–0.624 µg g−1 and in all tissues of B. esocinus were 0.75 and 0.421 µg g−1. Significant correlation between heavy metal concentration in sediment and fish may be related to high variability of heavy metal in the sediment.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Adaptive learning technology pioneer recognized for innovation in education at annual
ASU GSV Summit April 18 – 20 in San Diego, CA
SAN DIEGO—April 19, 2016—DreamBox Learning today announced CEO Jessie Woolley-Wilson was honored as GSV's Innovator of Color for her work fostering educational equity and driving innovation for both students and educators. Woolley-Wilson was recognized this week at the 2016 ASU GSV Summit, an annual event that supports education and human capital innovation and catalyzes the entrepreneurial ecosystem. The GSV Innovator of Color Award celebrates the roles of individuals of color in leading critical education and talent innovation. The award honors an entrepreneur who has had a significant impact on advancing innovation at scale, and is an inspiring role model for fellow innovators.
"I am honored and humbled to be recognized by GSV as an innovator in education," said Jessie Woolley-Wilson, president and CEO of DreamBox Learning. "I am proud to continue breaking down barriers for all students regardless of race, gender, or socio-economic status. When educators are empowered with dynamic, relevant, and actionable information about where each student is in their own unique learning path, we can impact learning at the point of instruction in new and compelling ways. When we engage and empower students, we build competence and confidence while cultivating life-long learners. I believe that to unlock human potential, we must first unlock the learning potential of every student."
Woolley-Wilson is chair, CEO & president of DreamBox Learning®, Inc., the company that pioneered Intelligent Adaptive Learning™ and is heralded as a "game changer" in the Ed-Tech sector by nationally renowned academic and technology experts. Throughout her career, Woolley-Wilson has been driven by the belief that all children need and deserve high-quality learning opportunities, regardless of who they are or where they live. She has worked in the education technology sector for nearly 20 years, supporting school and district leaders to improve access to quality learning opportunities to improve life outcomes for K-12 students.
"We are proud to recognize Jessie as a true trailblazer in education technology," said Deborah Quazzo, managing partner of GSV Advisors, LLC. "Technology has enabled unprecedented access in education and we are honored to recognize someone who continues to be an inspiration to all who advocate for equality, both inside and outside the classroom."
About DreamBox Learning
DreamBox Learning was founded in 2006 in Bellevue, Washington, and the company's pioneering Intelligent Adaptive Learning platform has since won over 40 top education and technology industry awards and is in use in all 50 states and throughout Canada. DreamBox Learning Math® offers a groundbreaking combination of Intelligent Adaptive Learning, a rigorous K–8 mathematics curriculum, and a motivating learning environment. The innovative DreamBox platform captures every decision a student makes and adjusts the student's learning path and scaffolds support based on the student's input, delivering millions of individualized learning paths, each one tailored to the student's unique needs. DreamBox Learning Math is available for Mac, PC, and iPad. For more information, visit DreamBox.com.
RH Strategic for DreamBox Learning


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Target visualisation is main goal of the practical radargram recovering procedure. There are a lot of visualisation algorithms (2D-filtering. migration. FFT etc.) that is mainly based on final images processing. Existent methods are not frequently allowed to get adequate results due to considerably complex properties of the surrounding target environment.
In this work an approach to target visualisation based on phased-array effect in antennas with transient excitation is proposed and discussed. This reconstruction method uses initial information about properties of the used for radargram getting antennas. Preliminary results of this approach, its applicability and sensitivity are presented.
An Approach of Target Visualisation
In contrast to antennas behaviour with sinusoidal or narrow frequency band excitation such one with transient excitation has some differences. As a matter of fact transient radiation of an antenna depends on its geometry. If pulse generator impedance and input antenna impedance is matched in the antenna is observed so-called double-passing excitation mode. hi this case temporary structure of the antenna radiation field consists of three impulses sequence. Note that time delays between neighbouring impulses are associated to antenna length and the second impulse polarity is inverse one to the first and third pulses.
Let's consider monopole linear antenna with impulse excitation in Cartesian coordinates as it is shown in Fig. 1. Assume that the antenna length is L and a target coordinates is (X0. Y0). Distances from target to excitation point and antenna edges are Rl and R2. accordingly.


How to Easily Resize Window In Gnome [Quick Tips]
How do you usually resize a window? Move your mouse pointer to the corner of the window and click to resize it, simple, right? Well, if you are using Gnome (Linux), resizing an application window can be a hit or miss affair. In some applications (such as Nautilus), the corners width are huge and you can easily click and drag to resize them. However, in other applications, the sidebar and corner width is only a pixel wide and moving your mouse cursor to that exact point (where the cursor become the resize arrowhead) can be a tedious task.
Here are some ways you can use to make resizing the window an easier, and enjoyable task.
1. Alt + Middle click
At anywhere in the window, press "ALT" key and the middle button of the mouse and the cursor instantly become an arrowhead. You can then move in the direction that you want to resize.
2. Press At + F8
The "Alt + F8" hotkey is a quick keyboard shortcut to activate the resize mode. Once in the resize mode (with a translucent overlay), you can use the arrow key to resize the window horizontally or vertically. Once you are done, hit Enter to return to the window mode.
3. Configure own hotkey via Compiz
If you are using Compiz, it comes with several more options that you can configure.
Open your CompizConfig Settings Manager (System -> Preferences -> CompizConfig Settings Manager).
Scroll down the list to find "Resize Window".
Click on it to enter its configuration page. From here, you can enable and assign the hotkey for different resize mode. In this example, I have enabled the "Initiate Outline Window Resize" mode and assign the hotkey "Alt + Super + W" to activate it.
That's it. This should solve your window resizing woes.


Cache Manager
Cache Manager allows you to clear the cache from memory under very specific circumstances.
The standard cache-control expires with a TTL setting. However, there are conditions when we need more control over dynamic content or content that may expire periodically. Here we can delete all cache, delete cache for a specific database, or delete cache within databases that match a specific pattern and apply the rules to a schedule.
 Clear Cache
 1. On the ScaleArc dashboard, click CLUSTERS > Settings > Transparent Cache.
 2. Click the Cache Manager tab.
 3. Configure the fields as follows:
 Field Description Default/User Input
 Delete Cache For all Databases
 This option deletes the entire cache for the selected cluster. Select this option only when you have made major changes to the cluster. Wiping the cache of a busy cluster, where a significant amount of queries are being served from the cache, can put severe strain on database servers.
 Select the radio button.
 Delete Cache for Database
 Select a database to delete the entire cache when you have modified the structure of the database or added or removed major tables. You can also delete the dynamic cache for the selected database.
 Select the radio button.
 Delete Cache for Patterns Within Database
 Select a database and the pattern to delete the entire cache for the pattern added for the specified database. A single pattern may be responsible for caching many queries.
 Warning: Wiping the cache for a pattern results in additional load on the database server for a compute-intensive query that matches that pattern.
 1 Select the radio button.
 2 Then, choose the database and the pattern from the dropdowns.
 Schedule for Later button Schedules the deletion of the cache at the specified hour of the day. See below.
 Delete Now button
 Deletes the cache.
 Click on the Delete Now button.
Set update schedule
You can schedule a cache delete to occur over a period of time.
 1. Click on a delete option (for example, Delete Cache for Database) and select the database from the drop-down.
 2. Click the Schedule for Later button.
 3. Identify the day(s) and hours for your scheduled deletes.
 4. Click on Update Schedule to commit the configuration.
 5. Alternatively, click Back to cancel and return to the previous screen.


2 Way Match Vs 3 Way Match Vs 4 Way Match In AP
The Differences Between 2 Way Matching, 3 Way Matching, an… Matching In AP
2-way, 3-way, and 4-way matching is a vital part of accounting when it comes to procurement and receiving. As one of the best internal controls to keep your business from paying for things you didn't receive or overpaying for things you did, it is well worth the effort it takes.
The Differences Between 2 Way Matching and 3 Way Matching In AP
If you work in accounting, you're probably already aware of the 2-way match vs 3-way match, but for those that aren't, let's take a closer look at each.
2-Way Matching
In 2-way matching, the purchase order and invoice information are verified to match within your tolerances as shown:
 - The quantity billed must be less than or equal to the quantity ordered
 - The invoice price must be less than or equal to the purchase order price
3-Way Matching
3-way matching, adds an additional criterion is added to verify that the receipt and invoice information match with the quantity tolerances you define.
The quantity billed must be less than or equal to the quantity received.
4-Way Matching
And 4-way matching adds yet another criterion to verify that acceptance documents and invoice match within your quantity tolerances.
The quantity billed must be less than or equal to the quantity accepted.
Setting your tolerance is also critical to determining your matching criteria. Sometimes companies consider quantities inside the tolerance limits as matched.
For instance:
If you order 100 items and have a 5% tolerance, and there is an invoice quantity of 103, this is within the tolerance and the matching system accepts it.
However, if you order 100 items with a 5% tolerance, and there is an invoice quantity of 115, this is outside the tolerance and the matching system will flag it for manual review.
Why PO-Matching Matters to Your Organization
If you're not an accounting professional, this may seem overly complex. In reality, all you're doing is ensuring you're only being billed for the number of items you ordered at the price you were quoted and confirming that you did receive the quantity you ordered.
The allowance for less than or equal to means that a vendor shipping more than the quantity you agreed upon or charging less than you agreed to is acceptable. This setup only flags in situations where a vendor sends less or charges more than the agreed-upon amounts.
This setup places the responsibility of error in favor of the consumer onto the vendor and is found in delivery-based manufacturing more often than many many realize.
"Without matching controls, the company could be purging money and not even realize it. Blindly paying invoices means you could be paying more than the agreed-upon price, paying for more than what you received, or paying for the same product multiple times. The matching process prevents paying fraudulent invoices."
How 2-Way, 3-Way, and 4-Way Matching is Done
In the past, this type of matching was done manually, which was time-consuming and left a lot of room for error. Traditional, the purchase order was filled out on paper and handed over to accounting. The vendor then invoiced the company and shipped out the product.
When the product was received, the receiving clerk would verify the quantity of product received, giving the packing slip to the accounting department. The accounting department would then compare the packing slip to the purchase order, then the purchase order to the invoice, and the invoice to the packing slip to make sure all the numbers lined up.
It was a lot of work for the accounts payable department and the receiving department. It all relied on the fact that a receiving clerk was indeed correctly verifying goods receipt and that the corresponding purchase order was readily available.
Now, thanks to AP automation, the accounts payable processes are streamlined. Two-way matching, three-way matching, and even four-way matching occur automatically once purchase orders, receiving reports, and invoices are all in the system.
If during the invoice matching process something doesn't line up, it is flagged for review, someone can take a look at it and solve the issue before making payment.
If the matching process goes smoothly, the company can take advantage of early payment options during invoice processing. This keeps vendors happy and may even position the company in such a way that they can leverage discounts to save even more money on future orders.
When it comes to 2-way match vs. 3-way match, three-way is the better option because it compares the purchase order to the receipt of the goods to the invoice to make sure you're only paying for goods you ordered and received.
Though accounting automation takes a bit of setup work to get started, it is well worth it in the end. Once in the system, everything will run through you're pre-established routing and rules for approvals, matching, and verification to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the entire procure to pay process.
With PLANERGY, there are notifications to keep the involved parties informed when there is something that must be done or any document requires their attention.
This eliminates misplaced documents and waiting periods, and the back-and-forth conversation that has to occur between departments.
PLANERGY automatically uses 3-way matching to streamline your workflow.
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Job Search Tips
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Interview Tips
Engineer Consultant Positions In UK Defence
In the UK defence sector, there are a multitude of engineering specialists who are needed to develop projects and products to help fulfil various missions. Chemical engineers are needed to develop solutions for water purification processes, the production of meals for the field, and other issues involving chemical reactions. Electrical engineers are needed to ensure that the wiring and control boards of every military vehicle and piece of machinery are working at peak efficiency. Civil engineers need to help military personnel and local leaders develop bridges, temporary settlements, and other structures needed for strategic and humanitarian needs. However, the number of engineering specialists in the UK defence sector is relatively low.
Many engineers choose to work in the private sector, where there are plenty of lucrative jobs available to the right candidates. The limited number of specialists is often out in the field, working in all parts of the world helping fulfil the mission of UK forces. As such, the military and the government rely heavily upon engineering consultants in order to help with domestic issues and consultation about policy. Graduates and young professionals in the United Kingdom who have engineering knowledge and want to be part of the UK defence sector should consider working as a consultant. Engineering firms, consultancies, and government agencies are always looking to cultivate solid young talent into experienced consultants. Engineering consultants often are tasked with more than just military projects, as there are peaks and valleys of consultancy needs.
However, engineering firms often rely heavily upon defence contracting to fulfil their annual quotas. As such, there is a steady stream of work for engineering consultants. Engineer consultant positions in UK defence provide a number of challenges not available in private organizations. After all, consultants often have to deal with expensive military equipment, massive public projects, and consultations about buildings that will hep keep soldiers and officers safe. The importance of the work is often compounded by the difficult environments in which their work needs to be done. The UK defence network covers allies in humid conditions, deserts, and mountainous environments.
These challenges are exhilarating for young professionals who want to use their skills for a greater purpose. There are a variety of ways to find engineer consultant opportunities in the United Kingdom. Graduates can research the leading firms in the engineering field, who will often provide consulting services to the government and military at some point.
As well, young engineering consultants can speak with a recruiter in order to fulfil their need for a great consulting job that involves the defence industry.
Wynnwith defence specialise in defence jobs, engineering jobs, and in particular aerospace engineer jobs and mechanical engineer jobs. The company are a leading provider of candidates to some of the most recognised aerospace and aviation companies worldwide.
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Categories: Weather
8 Most Thrilling Attractions of Albania You Can't Dare to Miss
Albania is rich in diverse historical and cultural attractions, which attract both locals and tourists' attention. If you wish to explore this amazing country, check on the weather in Tirana and head to meet thrilling adventures!
Albania Weather and Climate Data
The climate of Albania varies depending on the region, however, in general it is qualified as the Mediterranean. Tirana, the capital of this country, is characterized by hot, sunny summers and cold, but mild winters. The average daily temperature is 7°C in January, while in July and August it reaches 25°C.
Summer, which runs from June to August, is the best time for attending Albania. The sun shines almost every day, and the Adriatic Sea is warm and comfortable for swimming and water activities. This period of time is also characterized by the least precipitation amount. In total, rainfalls number ranges from 800 to 1000 millimeters per year, depending on a region.
Tirana Weather Forecast for June 2020
June of 2020 is hot and sunny, with a bit of rainfall. The temperature ranges from 18 to 31 degrees Celsius on average. The wind speed is about 15 km/h and precipitation amount around 1.50 mm daily.
Related Post
Top 8 Must-Visit Albanian Sights of Seeing
Albania can boast of numerous stunning national parks, mountains, beaches, architectural buildings, and other places of interest. All of them are absolutely unique and worth visiting, especially those we've listed below:
 1. Albanian Riviera.
 2. Berat.
 3. Porto Palermo Castle.
 4. Llogara Pass.
 5. Korça.
 6. Vlora.
 7. Syri I Kalter.
 8. Lake Koman.
Tags: Tirana, Albania, mountains, archipelago, weather, forecast, temperature, climate, precipitation, nature, parks
Pictures used in post taken from: Unsplash, Pexels


Ask Your Question
Remove the black line surrounding text in opencv
asked 2019-06-06 09:08:05 -0500
I am trying to remove the black lines surrounding the text if present any. My purpose is to just have enough portion of the image to extract each character in it. The additional black lines are noise when i am trying to extract characters.
I have tried using floodfill in opencv but the image contains some white pixels before the black line starts in the upper left corner. So it hasn't been fruitful. I tried cropping by means of finding contours but even that does not work. This is the original image
Original Image
import cv2
import numpy as np
img = cv2.imread('./Cropped/22.jpg')
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
_,thresh = cv2.threshold(gray,1,255,cv2.THRESH_BINARY)
contours,hierarchy = cv2.findContours(thresh,cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL,cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
cnt = contours[0]
crop = img[y:y+h,x:x+w]
cv2.imshow('Cropped Image',crop)
and using floodfill
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
 # threshold the gray image to binarize, and negate it
 gray = cv2.bitwise_not(gray)
 bw = cv2.adaptiveThreshold(gray, 255, cv2.ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C, \
 cv2.THRESH_BINARY, 15, -2)
 # find external contours of all shapes
 contours,h = cv2.findContours(bw, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_NONE)
 # create a mask for floodfill function, see documentation
 h,w,_ = img.shape
 mask = np.zeros((h+2,w+2), np.uint8)
 # determine which contour belongs to a square or rectangle
 for cnt in contours:
 poly = cv2.approxPolyDP(cnt, 0.02*cv2.arcLength(cnt,True),True)
 if len(poly) == 4:
 # if the contour has 4 vertices then floodfill that contour with black color
 cnt = np.vstack(cnt).squeeze()
 _,binary,_,_ = cv2.floodFill(bw, mask, tuple(cnt[0]), 0)
 # convert image back to original color
 binary = cv2.bitwise_not(binary)
 cv2.imshow('Image', binary)
results in the two cases are as follows
Using Find Contours method
But there appears to be no change. And this using floodfill
Using floodfill. which does not remove any borders.
If any can please help out,it will be really great.
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1 answer
Sort by » oldest newest most voted
answered 2019-06-07 15:07:57 -0500
OpenCV's contours will work if you filter the contours by aspect ratio. In the image below the 2nd from the left is thresholded at about 150 using binaryInverse type thresholding. There is a function called boundingRect that will give the upright rect of a contour. Define the contour aspect ratio as rect.width / rect.height and only keep contours with AR < 1 since numbers are tall. This gives the 3rd image from the left. The last is just inverted.
image description
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Asked: 2019-06-06 09:08:05 -0500
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Last updated: Jun 07 '19


Definitions for gas bladder
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word gas bladder
 1. gas bladder(Noun)
 An internal organ that fish use to control their buoyancy, allowing them to maintain or change depth by changing their density.
 1. Swim bladder
 The swim bladder, gas bladder, fish maw or air bladder is an internal gas-filled organ that contributes to the ability of a fish to control its buoyancy, and thus to stay at its current water depth without having to waste energy in swimming. Also, the dorsal position of the swim bladder means the center of mass is below the center of volume, allowing it to act as a stabilizing agent. Additionally, the swim bladder functions as a resonating chamber, to produce or receive sound. The swim bladder is evolutionarily homologous to the lungs. Charles Darwin remarked upon this in On the Origin of Species. Swim bladders are found in many bony fish, but are not found in cartilaginous fish. In the embryonic stages some species, such as redlip blenny, have lost the swim bladder again, mostly bottom dwellers like the weather fish. Other fish like the Opah and the Pomfret use their pectoral fins to swim and balance the weight of the head to keep a horizontal position. The normally bottom dwelling sea robin can use their pectoral fins to produce lift while swimming. The cartilaginous fish do not have swim bladders.
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Price competition between store brands and national brands: determinants of price elasticities for cheese products
Store brands and national brands (Kraft) account for eighty percent of the retail cheese market in the United States. The goal of this study is to estimate brand demand elasticities and reveal factors that determine price elasticities for store and national brands of cheese; more importantly, to provide implications for marketing managers. Data used in this study are store-level scanner data provided by a national supermarket chain in the Columbus, Ohio metropolitan area (CMA). Based on product forms, cheese is classified into five product categories: shredded, sliced, chunk, snack, and miscellaneous. Six stores are included in the data set and these stores are selected from geographic areas that can be described as being populated by higherand lower-income consumers. A two-stage modeling process is utilized in this study. First, brand demand elasticities are estimated with respect to various store locations, cheese product forms, and package sizes. Second, a meta-analysis is applied to reveal the factors that determine price elasticities of store and national brands. This process involves regressing the estimated price elasticities of store and national brands on the determinants of elasticities: store location, market share, product form, and package size. Both the nonlinear Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) and linear approximation AIDS (LA/AIDS) are utilized in the first stage to estimate brand demand elasticities. Given five product categories and two income groups, a total of 20 demand systems are estimated for the two AIDS models. Before estimating the two versions of AIDS model, the unit-root test was initially conducted to confirm stationarity of the time-series variables. This study provides a rich knowledge base for retail store managers and manufacturers to use for maximizing sales and profits. Results from the first stage demand systems indicate that compared with store brands, consumers are very sensitive to national brands price changes for most cheese items even in higher-income areas. The second stage meta-analysis shows that store location, market share, product form, and package size affect price elasticities for store and national brands; moreover, the estimated demand elasticities between AIDS and LA/AIDS models are not significantly different.
School:The Ohio State University
School Location:USA - Ohio
Source Type:Master's Thesis
Keywords:store brands national cheese
Date of Publication:01/01/2004


May Kaidee's Guide for Vegetarians and Vegans in Thailand
An app that helps navigate the vegetarian and vegan culinary challenges while traveling and living in Thailand.
 Easy to Use
Cooking class students with May sampling food
Our app is popular with vegetarians and vegans traveling in Thailand, helping to eliminate the challenges of avoiding food with animal products while still enjoying the best Thai taste cuisine has to offer. The app contains in-depth text on vegetarian concepts in Thailand, as well as helpful features for ordering food.
Audio Translator
The audio translator feature allows anyone to communicate the dietary restrictions of a vegetarian or vegan diet to native Thai speakers by simply pressing a button – an especially useful feature when traveling in areas where restaurants rarely make recipes without animal products.
Valuable Tips
Inside our guide you find numerous useful tips for finding vegetarian and vegan friendly locations in Thailand, understanding the different types of vegetarian diets as understood by locals, and relevant Thai language tips. Additionally, there is a section specifically for learning to identify ingredients.
You can browse all of our Thai vegetarian and vegan cooking and food related apps, cookbooks and videos on our product page.


text:
Architecture Images-Sydney Architects
Barnet, James Johnstone (1827 - 1904)
Born: 1827 Scotland. Died: 1904.
James Johnstone Barnet was clerk of works at the University of Sydney _PHONE_. In 1860 Barnet joined the office of the Colonial Architect, becoming its permanent head in 1865 after acting in the position for two years. As Colonial Architect Barnet was responsible for many of Sydney's significant public buildings until his departure in 1890.
|"The greatest of
all Colonial Architects"
James Barnet was born in Scotland and studied drawing, design and architecture in London before he sailed for Sydney with his wife Amy in 1854. He lived all his Australian years in Glebe (Derwent Street in 1865) and Forest Lodge (Braeside, now demolished).
In 1860, Barnet joined the Colonial Architect's Office. In 1865, he became Colonial Architect and served in this position for 25 years. Barnet's work in Sydney signalled its maturation from a Georgian town to a Victorian city. His work contributed to a sense of stability and civic pride and includes :
The Australian Museum (1864)
The GPO in Martin Place (1866-90)
The Colonial Secretary's building (1878)
The Lands Department building (1876-81, 1888-93)
Further afield, Barnet designed 169 post and telegraph offices, 130 courthouses (including the Glebe Courthouse (1889)) and many other public buildings across the state.
Glebe Courthouse with the police station in the background.
Barnet was 'a promoter of new technologies, used concrete and fire-resistant materials, introduced electricity into his buildings and was first to install a telephone in a government office.' Chris Johnson, the current Government Architect, states that Barnet was the Colonial Architect who most significantly affected the shaping of Sydney.
James Barnet has left Sydney a legacy of iconic and much-loved Victorian buildings. He died at Forest Lodge aged 78 on 16 December 1904 and was buried at Rookwood Cemetery.
Johnson, Chris, Shaping Sydney, 1999
Herman, Morton, The Architecture of Victorian Sydney, 1964
Lawrence, Joan and Warne, Catherine, Balmain to Glebe, 1995
MacDonnell, Freda, The Glebe: Portraits and Places, 1975
Smith, Bernard and Kate, The architectural character of Glebe, 1989
Special thanks to


text:
Definition of Anterior tongue
Anterior tongue: The front two-thirds of the tongue. In contrast to the base of the tongue, which is the back third. The distinction between the anterior and base of the tongue reflects the fact that they are of different embryological origin. The distinction also matters as regards cancer. See: Tongue cancer.
Last Editorial Review: 10/9/2012
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Forestry Minister Michelle O'Neill has launched a new Tree Safety Management Practice Guide aimed at maintaining a safe environment for visitors to Forest Service woodland.
Publishing the document Minister O'Neill said: "Our forests are a vital community resource and recent research has indicated that there are approximately 4.7 million visits to Forest Service woodlands annually.
"We are publishing the Tree Safety Management Guide because we want to keep forest visitors informed about how they may be affected by our tree safety management activity. It is also a useful source of advice to other forest owners and managers with similar obligations."
The Minister added that tree safety management does not seek to eliminate risk but to reduce it to an acceptable level.
She said: "People enjoy trees in what they regard as 'natural' or 'unmanaged' places and will accept a degree of risk because of the value they bestow and the pleasure they derive from visiting or participating in leisure activities in our woodlands."


text:
From Ohio History Central
United Romanian Societies Carpatina of Cleveland
The Carpatina Society is the first Romanian mutual-benefit society in Cleveland, Ohio. It also is the first such society in the United States of America.
Forty-one Romanian Ohioans established the Carpatina Society on November 1, 1902. The society's original purpose was to provide Romanian immigrants with a social and cultural institution to practice traditional Romanian customs and beliefs. The Carpatina Society also provided members with financial assistance if they became ill or helped with funeral costs if a family member died. In 1917, the Carpatina Society built its own meeting hall. The structure was known as Carpatina Hall. Cleveland's Carpatina Society continues to enhance Ohio's cultural landscape at the start of the twenty-first century.
- Van Tassel, David D., and John J. Grabowski, eds. The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1996.


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history of the rona tranby trust
The Rona Tranby Trust was established in 1991 from a bequest in the Will of Thomas Paul Rona who died tragically with his wife Eva in a car accident in September 1987.
In his Will, Tom Rona directed thata specific bequest from his Estate be held for the benefit of Tranby Aboriginal College or the Aboriginal Legal Service according to the discretion of the Trustees of the Estate.
The Ronas were Holocaust survivors who lost many family members in Nazi concentration camps during WWII. Both were committed social justice activists, taking a keen role in raising awareness of the Holocaust within the non-Jewish community. As members of the NSW Jewish Board of Deputies they were also active in promoting inter-ethnic harmony.
The Rona family at the suggestion of Kitty Fischer, Eva's sister, approached Gridiger Lawyers for advice in fulfilling the wishes of Thomas Rona. Roland Gridiger considered a number of suggestions from the relevant communities and recommended that the Trustees of the Estate adopt the Rona Tranby Trust.
In setting up the Rona Tranby Trust, it was agreed that parallels between Aboriginal and Jewish history gave a compelling logic to link these different communities. Both peoples share important values and priorities and have suffered persecution, dispossession of lands and attempted genocide.
The Rona Tranby Trust was launched at a public ceremony at Tranby Aboriginal College on September 2nd 1991 in the presence of the Hon. Paul Zammit, NSW Minister assisting the Premier on Aboriginal and Ethnic Affairs.
The Rona Tranby Award & collection
The bequest in Tom Rona's Will enabled the Trustees of the Rona Estate to establish 'The Rona Tranby Award & Collection'. This evolved into a collaboration between Tranby Aboriginal College, Glebe and the NSW Jewish Board of Deputies and set out the projects that would fulfill the requirements of the Trust.
Rona Tranby Awards are given to support the recording and preservation of Indigenous Australian oral history. The original concept of the award was to utilise the skills that had been cultivated within the Jewish community in the recording of the oral histories of Holocaust survivors. It was thought that such expertise could be shared to assist Indigenous Australian communities record the oral histories of their Elders.


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Category: Pond Plants
The Red Scarf lotus is a tea cup lotus plant that is very smaller in size compared to the typical hardy lotus plant. This plant has hardy zones of four or higher or less than four with winter protections. The plant has crimson blooms that are reddish pink in color with white centers. Its petals are narrow and located next to the pod giving it a unique look. The flowers open in the mid morning and close in the mid afternoon. Individual flowers can last for three days before their petals can fall.
Newly planted Red Scarf lotus do not always flower during their first year. Full flowering can occur during the early summer season with sunny and warm conditions. The plant can grow up to six inches across, with its leaves growing to ten to twelve inches wide. The Red Scarf lotus plant as a free flowering plant, also produces blooms during its first seasons. It has round bluish green leaves that float on waters. It can grow up to three to four feet tall. This plant can establish well in medium to large ponds.
The unique Red Scarf lotus can performs well when planted in a small to medium sized pond..It can do well in a container since it can be well establish with or without a pond. The plant can be planted in a huge container with a capacity of at least two gallons container. It can do well when planted in a no-hole container. It is considered a true bowl lotus as it can do so well in containers.
The Red Scarf lotus plant can look great in garden beds due to its cupped shaped blossoms in addition to the uniqueness in the flower colors. It is a hardy plant which can tolerate sunny and warm conditions. However, for the plant to establish well, it requires full sun. This type of plant, when planted in a container, can fail to establish if the soil in the container is not well drained. It is important to note that this plant can fail to re-grow if it is placed in cold water as it can return into dormant state.


text: Traditionally, object retrieval methods require a set of images of a specific object for training. In this paper, we propose a new object retrieval method using a single query image, without training, for a global object. The query image could be a typical real image of the object. The object is constructed based on Speeded Up Robust Features (SURF) points acquired from the image. Information of relative positions, scale and orientation between SURF points are calculated and constructed into an object model. The ability to match partially affine transformed object images results from the robustness of SURF points and the flexibility of the model. Occlusion is handled by specifying the probability of a missing SURF point in the model. Experimental results show that this matching technique is robust under partial occlusion and rotation. The obtained results illustrate that the proposed method improves efficiency, speeds up recovery and reduces the storage space.


text:
The Japanese do not just dream of perfect ski slopes, they are developing the technology to produce them.
Six Japanese companies have carried out 'extensive research' to provide artificial snow for Japan's skiers when nature fails to fill the need (European patents 440 256 and 440 257).
Existing snow machines only work properly at very low ambient temperatures; otherwise they just produce slush. The new trick is to use granules of polymer, such as polyacrylic acid salts, which absorb a large volume of water. The snow makers then mix the bloated polymer with natural snow, if available, or other artificial snow. Finally they freeze the mixture.
Ice bridges form between the polymer granules and snow crystals to make good snow for skiing. The companies have tried colouring the snow with dyes and adding perfume, so that the snow smells nice as well as looking good.
To continue reading this article, subscribe to receive access to all of newscientist.com, including 20 years of archive content.


Najdi sheep
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Najdi sheep in Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
The Najdi or Nejdi is a breed of domestic sheep native to the Najd region of the Arabian Peninsula. Though it is primarily raised in Saudi Arabia, Nadji sheep are also present in Kuwait, Jordan, Oman and Iraq.[1]
The Najdi has a distinctive appearance that has even been celebrated in Saudi "sheep beauty pageants" not unlike livestock shows and sales in the West.[2] They are a very tall breed, averaging 76–86 centimeters (30–34 inches) in height at the withers.[1] They have long, Roman nosed faces with drooping ears. Ewes are polled and rams may be either polled or have scurs. They are generally black with white faces and white on the legs and tail. Top Najdi ewes can sell for 20,000–30,000 Saudi riyals (US$5,300–8,000), while rams which can sire many more offspring can fetch hundreds of thousands.[2]
Najdi are highly adapted to life in desert conditions, though it is less drought tolerant than some breeds, such as the Awassi.[3] [4] Though its meat may be consumed locally, it is especially valued for its milk and long, straight wool.[4]
 1. ^ a b "Breed Data Sheet". FAO Domestic Animal Diversity system (DAD-IS).
 2. ^ a b "Breeders hold first pageant for Saudi-bred sheep". MSNBC (Associated Press). Oct. 31, 2008. Check date values in: |date= (help)
 3. ^ Alamer, Mohammed; Adel Al-Hozab (2004). "Effect of water deprivation and season on feed intake, body weight and thermoregulation in Awassi and Najdi sheep breeds in Saudi Arabia". Journal of arid environments 59: 71–84.
 4. ^ a b Lancaster, William; Fidelity Lancaster (1999). People, land and water in the Arab Middle East. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-90-5702-322-4.
External links[edit]


Project SafeGuard
What is Project SafeGuard?
Project Safeguard is a project in partnership with the community and local Law Enforcement. This online program promotes communication and gives police quick access to important information about a person with a disability such as Autism, Dementia, etc. This would include any disability where the individual displays a tendency to wander or shows other similar tendencies.
This program provides information that is critical for law enforcement prior to an officer's arrival at a scene and/or prior to contacting an individual such as their name, birthday, physical description, emergency contact information, known triggers, and behaviors, etc.
What happens when a person joins Project SafeGuard?
Once the person joins the program, the information will be verified with the parent or guardian. The information will then be placed into a database in the Saratoga Springs and Bluffdale Record Management and Dispatch Systems. If you do not reside within the Saratoga Springs Police Department jurisdiction, contact your local police department to inquire if they participate in Project Safeguard or a similar program.
When possible, an officer trained in Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) will be sent to the scene.
Register Annually
How to Register
To register, an adult family member or guardian of the individual should complete the following form.
SafeGuard Form


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Adapting pediatric psychology interventions: lessons learned in treating families from the middle East.
ABSTRACT Pediatric psychologists are increasingly called upon to treat children from non-Western countries, whose cultures may contrast with a Western medical setting. Research on cultural adaptations of evidence-based treatments (EBTs), particularly for individuals from the Middle East, is sparse. To address this need, we discuss clinical issues encountered when working with patients from the Middle East.
Synthesis of the literature regarding culturally adapted EBTs and common themes in Middle Eastern culture. Case vignettes illustrate possible EBT adaptations.
Integrating cultural values in treatment is an opportunity to join with patients and families to optimize care. Expectations for medical and psychological treatment vary, and collaborations with cultural liaisons are beneficial.
Critical next steps include systematic development, testing, and training in culturally adapting EBTs in pediatric medical settings. Increased dialogue between clinicians, researchers, and cultural liaisons is needed to share knowledge and experiences to enhance patient care.


Creating Handdrawn 3D Papercut in Procreate | Brenda Bakker | Skillshare
Creating Handdrawn 3D Papercut in Procreate
Brenda Bakker, ♥ Sharing my skills is sharing my joy ♥
Creating Handdrawn 3D Papercut in Procreate
Brenda Bakker, ♥ Sharing my skills is sharing my joy ♥
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9 Lessons (1h 11m)
 - 1. Intro
 - 2. Importing Brushset and Watercolorpaper Canvas
 - 3. Creating the basic cactus
 - 4. Adding extra's and highlights to the cactus
 - 5. Creating the 3D Paper Cut Effect
 - 6. Extra: Troubleshooting selection
 - 7. Drawing a flower with 2 3D Paper Cuts
 - 8. Valentine with extra difficulties
 - 9. Bonus Class: extra tips an ideas
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About This Class
Hi and welome to my new Skillshare Class on how to Create fun 3D Papercuts in Procreate,
I just love to draw in procreate, but I also love the authentic look of a real painting. So why not combine those two?
In this class I will teach you my way of creating some fun Papercuts made from your own drawings. You can use it with any form or style you prefer. I just used some simple sketches to keep the class short for you just to teach and show you the skills for creating the papercuts. Those cuts you can use to create stickers and use those for your cricut or save as png and save for clip art or digital scapbooking. The possibilities are huge. At the end of the class I will show you on how to remove the watercolorpaper effect only from your background.
I will provide a special watercolorcanvas which is realy important to get a realistic and non digital feel and also I share a very small brushset. You can find them in the class project section. Make sure you are in your browser to download them and not in the skillshare app.
You also will be needing an Ipad with procreate and a pressure sensitive stylus.
So join me in this class and let's have some fun!
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Brenda Bakker
♥ Sharing my skills is sharing my joy ♥
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1. Intro: Yes. Hi there and welcome to my new procreate class. My name is Brenda bunker and I'm from the Netherlands. In this class, I will be teaching you how to create hand-drawn 3D paper, cut him procreate. I'm going to teach you these three examples. We're starting out with the cactus and we're going to make a digital cutouts of your drawing. And the second one is this one. And here we have a two piece cut out on an Android behind. And for the last one will be creating this Valentine card, which is a little bit more difficult because it's like a puzzle. And we are going to combine different styles and using some lettering. And just combine these outline shaped within the frame. So it looks like it's just one piece of the frame. And as a bonus of this class, I will be teaching you how to create stickers with a watercolour paper texture on it about a, with a clear background so you can save them as a PNG. So I, I hope you will be liking this class and let's get started. 2. Importing Brushset and Watercolorpaper Canvas : So the first thing we wanna do is getting the procreate brush set and the procreate watercolor canvas. For that, we have to go through your browser. Don't open the skill share app, but go through your browser, go to your class, go to the project and Resources section. And here you will find the watercolor canvas and dueling brush set for importing it. You have to lick it. You want to download it? Yes, I want to download it near you can see the little arrow here is going to download. And for that part, and you will click on it. And it will import right away to procreate. And you will find it's the first thing in your left upper corner of your gallery. Now we're going to import the brushes for debt. We also going throw your browser. We go into the sketchy dueling brush heads. If you already done that clause, you, it's the same set so you don't have to download it again. And also the same goes for the canvas. Download it, click on it, download it, and it will import. Now, click on it right away. And you will find it here with your downloads sketchy dueling brush yet click on it again. It will import and you will find it with your rachet. Just open any Canvas and on the top of your brush library, you will find the new set. So this is just a small brush it I will be using in this class, but you can make your drawings on any confess you like, and any use, any brushes you like. So it's just something to start out with f and see you in class. 3. Creating the basic cactus : So first of all, I'm going to start out with making a sketch of a cactus in a pot. I want this to be my photos. So it's just a sketch. She don't have to be precise about it. So sketch it here to make it a wobbly kind of cactus, Gaza like that. I don't want him to be precise. Something like here and something on top. And I want to have something here also. And perhaps a little flower. Well, this looks cheerful, Right? So I think my sketches really lets go and draw it for real. So I make this one less visible. Create new layer on top of that, and go to my dry ink brush. Have it in black. And if you already seen my sketchy doodling clause, you know, my way of drawing. And I want my light to come from up here, my shadows from up here. So my darker and my thicker and darker lines in areas will be on the left and on the downside of every stroke I make. So I millennium layer and I'll go into draw about over it. So a thicker line here, line here, a thinner line with less pressure. And a thinner line on this size. Also going to draw here sick, sick sinner. And from this also starting sick going to sin, maybe a little thicker here and a down area because debt will be catching more shed and also a startup thick, thick, thick, lifted the bits marathoner and make it thinner, thick and again. And it looks nice when it's not smooth shape because it's hand-drawn. So if you have hesitations, please let it be. Get readership perfection here. And here are also going to start out with a sick lines thinner, maybe hear a little thicker afterwards, but we'll check on how it works. So sick, thin, thin, thins sick again. And thick, thick, thick centers in SEMS thick. And also with here, I'm going to start sinner. And here more pressure. And this is a simple but thick, thin, sick in thick, thin, thick, thin and thick and thin. I think my drawing is okay like this. So let's get rid of the original sketch. Deleted. I don't need it anymore. And let's go give it some color. And four did, I'm going to choose green, I think a middle green. And I'm going to choose my watercolor scribbled brush and ongoing on a layer underneath this one. Because I want to keep my lines in touch. And I'm going to draw the greening of the characters. And you see when I have more pressure, it gets darker and when I lift my pencil a bit, it's less dark. So make a variety of colors. It's no worries if you go outside the lines because we moved it away later, we can erase that part and wanted to make it a little darker here. And now I am going to smash it and I want to smudge it with the same tool. So I go to Mesh much to leave my pencil on the screen. And now it's directly have the same brush. And not only matching it because you will get rid of all the texture. We don't want to, we want to keep the texture so we go into what I'm doing, just tap and depth. And if the color is too dark and going to smudge in some wide again from outside the lines. That's nothing you can


Taking notes
Taking notes
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Creating a drawing
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Quanesha - Meaning of Quanesha, What does Quanesha mean?
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Quanesha - Meaning of Quanesha
What does Quanesha mean?
[ 3 syll. qua-nes-ha, qu-ane-sha ] The baby girl name Quanesha is pronounced as KWaaNIY-SHaa- †. The origin of Quanesha is English-American. Quanesha is a variant of the name Quanisha (English).
Baby names that sound like Quanesha include Quanisha (English), Quaneaka, Quaneisha (English), Quanica, Quanicka, Quaniesha, Quanika (English), Quanikah, Quaniki, Quanikka (English), Quanikki (English), Quaniqua, Quanyka, Quanyki, Quanykka, Quaynisha, Queenika, Queenisha, Quenisha, and Quincee.
Quanesha Baby Name Explorer
Meaning of Quanesha Meaning of Quanisha Meaning of Neisha Meaning of Nisha Meaning of Qynisha Meaning of Quynishia Meaning of Quynisha Meaning of Queenisha Meaning of Quaynisha Meaning of Quanishia Meaning of Quaniesha Meaning of Quaneisha Meaning of Qynysha
Baby Name Explorer for Quanesha


text:
Author(s): Salinas F, Nevado JJ, Mansilla AE
Abstract Share this page
Abstract A new spectrophotometric method for resolving binary mixtures is proposed. The method is based on use of the first derivative of the ratios of spectra. The absorption spectrum of the mixture is obtained and the amplitudes at appropriate wavelengths are divided by the corresponding amplitudes in the absorption spectrum of a standard solution of one of the components, and the first derivative of the ratio spectrum is obtained. The concentration of the other component is then determined from a calibration graph. The method has been applied for resolving binary mixtures of salicylic and salicyluric acids. Calibration graphs for 2.6-52 ppm salicylic acid and for 2.1-42 ppm salicyluric acid were established by measuring the analytical signals at the maximum at 241.5 nm (for salicylic acid) and from the peak at 258 nm to the trough at 247 nm (for salicyluric acid) in the first derivative ratio spectra.
This article was published in Talanta
and referenced in Pharmaceutica Analytica Acta


Synonyms for opaque
1. opaque (vs. clear), cloudy, muddy, mirky, murky, turbid, fogged, foggy, frosted, glaucous, lightproof, light-tight, milky, milklike, whitish, semiopaque, solid, unclear
usage: not transmitting or reflecting light or radiant energy; impenetrable to sight; "opaque windows of the jail"; "opaque to X-rays"
2. opaque, unintelligible, incomprehensible (vs. comprehensible), uncomprehensible
usage: not clearly understood or expressed
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Synonyms Index


text:
Definition of Publishings
1. publishing [n] - See also: publishing
Click the following link to bring up a new window with an automated collection of images related to the term: Publishings Images
Lexicographical Neighbors of Publishings
Literary usage of Publishings
Below you will find example usage of this term as found in modern and/or classical literature:
1. Publishers Weekly by Publishers' Board of Trade (U.S.), Book Trade Association of Philadelphia, American Book Trade Union, Am. Book Trade Association, R.R. Bowker Company (1894)
"publishings COMPANY. BOOKS OF THE DAY. SIDE POCKET SERIES. We have just issued the following numbers of these beautiful books: A GUIDE TO PALMISTRY...."
2. The Works of Robert Burns: With an Account of His Life, and a Criticism on by Robert Burns, James Currie (1835)
"... I have heard said to be done by the Catholic priest Geddes, and which hit my taste much ; • "A plan of publishings..."
3. The Bibliographer's Manual of English Literature: Containing an Account of by William Thomas Lowndes, Henry George Bohn (1865)
"... publishings for Rooms, in a Series of »Designs for Vestibules, Halls, Stairases, Sec. Lond. 1811, 4to. i Eighty-six plates, with explanations...."
4. The Life of John Knox: Containing Illustrations of the History of the by Thomas M'Crie, Andrew Crichton (1847)
"... which he was prevented from publishings merely by inability. It also appears from Field's Dedication prefixed to the Exposition of the Fourth of Matthew..."
5. The Bookworm: An Illustrated Treasury of Old-time Literature (1891)
"... in the address " To the Christian Reader " is taken : "I have to desire of thee.... that if in the printing of these or any other of my publishings,..."
6. A Digest of the Law of Libel and Slander: With the Evidence, Procedure, and by William Blake Odgers, Melville Madison Bigelow (1881)
"The writings, speakings, and publishings in the statement of claim complained of (if any such be proved) are the writing and publishing, and the reading,..."
7. Commentaries on the Law of Persons and Personal Property: Being an by Theodore William Dwight, Edward F. Dwight (1894)
"It was urged by the defence that Dr. Priestley was in the habit of publishings work injurious to the government. The Chief Justice said that evidence of..."


Boy Names baby nameLabhrainn
What does the name Labhrainn mean?
The different meanings of the name Labhrainn are:
 - Latin meaning: Man from Laurentum
 - French meaning: Man from Laurentum
The meaning of the name "Labhrainn" is different in several languages, countries and cultures and has more than one possibly same or different meanings available.
Origins:,
Starts with:


text:
Look up incident in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
For the Wikipedia noticeboard, see Wikipedia:Administrators' noticeboard/Incidents.
Incident may refer to:
A property of a graph (mathematics) (see also glossary of graph theory),
Incident (festival), a cultural festival of The National Institute of Technology in Surathkal, Karnataka, India,
Incident (Scientology), a concept in Scientology,
Incident ray, a ray of light that strikes a surface,
Nuclear incident; an irregularity with a nuclear installation not classified as a nuclear accident,
Road traffic incident, when a vehicle collides with another vehicle, pedestrian, animal, road debris, or other stationary obstruction, such as a tree or utility pole.,
The Incident may refer to:
Incident, a 1948 film noir,
The Incident, a 1967 film,
The Incident (conspiracy), an event in British history that took place in 1641,
The Incident (Lost), the season finale of the fifth season of Lost,
The Incident (album), a 2009 album release by the band Porcupine Tree


text: This panorama of a University of Pittsburgh football game at Heinz Field was photographed by James Blakeway. The Panthers football team moved to Heinz Field in 2001. Located near the Allegheny, Monongahela and Ohio Rivers, the Panthers share Heinz Field with the Pittsburgh Steelers. It is considered one of the finest football stadiums in the country, with a capacity of over 65,000 fans. The University, founded in a log cabin in 1787, is among the oldest institutions of higher education in the United States. The Panther, a formidable creature once indigenous to the Pittsburgh area, was adopted as the University of Pittsburgh's mascot in 1909.


Colloidal Silver
Last Updated: August 13, 2018
Definition - What does Colloidal Silver mean?
Colloidal silver is made up of a mixture of distilled water and pure (0.9999) silver. It is created by flowing an electrical current through water mixed with silver electrodes. The current causes the microscopic particles of the silver to break away from each other. Once they break off, they become suspended in the water mixture.
Many cannabis growers use colloidal silver on a marijuana plant to force the plant to produce feminized seeds. After applying the colloidal silver to the cannabis plant, the pollen collected will contain no Y chromosomes. The pollen will only have double X chromosomes, which help ensure female seed production.
MaximumYield explains Colloidal Silver
Colloidal silver is misted onto a marijuana plant's foliage to force the plant to start pollen production. The grower usually mists the plants daily with colloidal silver for 10-14 days.
Typically, when growing marijuana plants there is a 50 per cent chance of the plant creating male seeds. However, with the use of colloidal silver, the chance of a plant developing all female seeds becomes almost a guarantee. Even if a male plant does develop after using colloidal silver, the male is still a genetic female but with male characteristics.
Silver colloidal acts as an ethylene inhibitor/antagonist on the marijuana plant. The silver colloidal forces the weed plant to develop male pollen sacs instead of the female buds that it would normally grow. The pollen from the male pollen sacs can then be collected and used to pollinate female flowers to develop feminized seeds.
This definition was written in the context of Cannabis
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text:
Background: Associations between levels of sedentary behavior and depressive symptoms independently and in combination with different levels of physical activity remain unclear. Purpose: This study aimed to examine independent and combined associations of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) with depressive symptoms among Japanese adults. Method: An Internet-based survey collected data on depression levels (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale), self-reported time spent in PA and SB (Japanese short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire), and sociodemographic variables from 2,914 adults in 2009. Binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the odds ratios (ORs) for being depressed (depression scores ≥16) according to independent PA levels (none, insufficient, sufficient), SB levels (low, moderate, high), and nine combinations of PA and SB categories. Results: After adjusting for potential confounders, sufficient PA level was found to be related to lower risk of depressive symptoms independently (OR = 0.61), whereas no significant associations were observed between SB levels and depression. In the combined associations, adults in the sufficient PA/high SB (OR = 0.44), sufficient PA/moderate SB (OR = 0.56), and sufficient PA/low SB (OR = 0.57) categories were significantly less likely to have depressive symptoms in comparison with the no PA/high SB category. Conclusion: Meeting physical activity recommendations is associated with a lower risk of depressive symptoms, regardless of time spent in total sedentary behavior. These results suggest that promoting physical activity may be an effective strategy against depressive symptoms among Japanese adults.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Applied Psychology


text: This study identifies the factors which influence user participation in community-based rural water supply schemes in north Kerala, using primary data. To capture the rate of participation, two forms of indices were constructed: one to measure attendance in group meetings, and the other to measure their influence on decisions. The relative importance of factors such as locality, group and household characteristics that affect participation were analysed using linear regression models. Of the three sets of factors, it was found that household characteristics were the most influential. The analysis shows that males actively participated in group meetings. Level of education and involvement of households in other local organizations were the other major factors affecting participation.


text:
Meaning of DEMONSTRATE
|Pronunciation: || ||'demun'streyt|
| ||Definition:|| |
- [v] establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment; "The experiment demonstrated the instability of the compound"; "The mathematician showed the validity of the conjecture"
- [v] provide evidence for; stand as proof of; show by one's behavior, attitude, or external attributes; "His high fever attested to his illness"; "The buildings in Rome manifest a high level of architectural sophistication"; "This decision demonstrates his sense of fairness"
- [v] show or demonstrate something to an interested audience; "She shows her dogs frequently"; "We will demo the new software in Washington"
- [v] march in protest; take part in a demonstration; "Thousands demonstrated against globalization during the meeting of the most powerful economic nations in Seattle"
DEMONSTRATE is a 11 letter word that starts with D.
| ||Synonyms:|| ||attest, certify, demo, establish, evidence, exhibit, manifest, march, present, prove, shew, show, show|
| ||Antonyms:|| ||confute, disprove|
| ||See Also:|| ||affirm, authenticate, bear witness, bring home, condemn, confirm, contradict, corroborate, dissent, negate, notarise, notarize, picket, protest, prove, prove oneself, reflect, resist, show, stultify, substantiate, support, sustain, testify|
|Webster's 1913 Dictionary|
| ||Definition:|| |
\Dem"on*strate\ (?; 277), v. t. [L. demonstratus, p.
p. of demonstrare to demonstrate; de- + monstrare to show.
1. To point out; to show; to exhibit; to make evident.
2. To show, or make evident, by reasoning or proof; to prove
by deduction; to establish so as to exclude the
possibility of doubt or denial.
We can not demonstrate these things so as to show
that the contrary often involves a contradiction.
3. (Anat.) To exhibit and explain (a dissection or other
| ||Related Terms:|| ||account for, adumbrate, advertise, affect, afford proof of, air, allegorize, approve, argue, ascertain, attest, audit, balance, balance the books, beef, bespeak, betoken, bitch, blazon forth, body forth, boggle, boycott, brandish, breathe, bring forth, bring forward, bring home to, bring into view, bring out, bring to notice, broaden the mind, call in question, call to mind, catechize, challenge, check, check out, cinch, cite, cite a particular, civilize, clarify, clear up, clinch, complain, connote, crack, cry out against, dangle, decipher, demonstrate against, demur, demythologize, denote, describe, determine, develop, direct, disclose, display, dispute, divulge, document, double-check, dramatize, edify, educate, elucidate, emblazon, embody, enact, enlighten, enter a protest, establish, euhemerize, evidence, evince, example, exemplify, exhibit, explain, explain away, explicate, expose, expose to view, exposit, expostulate, expound, express, figure, fix, flash, flaunt, flourish, follow, follow from, foreshadow, furnish evidence, give a for-instance, give indication of, give instruction, give lessons in, give reason for, give sign, give the meaning, give token, go to show, ground, guide, have a case, highlight, hold good, hold up, hold water, holler, howl, illuminate, illumine, illustrate, image, impersonate, imply, incarnate, indicate, inform, instance, instruct, inventory, involve, itemize, kick, make clear, make good, make out, make plain, manifest, march, mark, materialize, mean, mirror, nail down, name, object, open the eyes, overhaul, parade, particularize, perform, personate, personify, picket, point to, popularize, prefigure, present, press objections, pretypify, proclaim, produce, project, protest, prove, prove to be, prove true, put forth, put forward, quote, raise a howl, rally, rationalize, realize, reeducate, reflect, remonstrate, remove all doubt, represent, reveal, roll out, school, scruple, set, set at rest, set forth, set right, settle, settle the matter, shadow, shadow forth, sharpen the wits, shed light upon, show, show forth, show how, show signs of, show the way, signalize, signify, simplify, sit in, solve, speak for itself, speak volumes, spell out, sport, spotlight, squawk, state a grievance, strike, suggest, symptomatize, take stock, teach, teach a lesson, teach in, teach the rudiments, tell, tend to show, throw light upon, token, trot out, trumpet, trumpet forth, unfold, unlock, unravel, vaunt, verify, wave, yell bloody murder|


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Hello to all,
Does anybody again to share about my new project.
We have 3 drums of welding cable and rotating with each 3 platforms (little bigger than drum dia.). Each drum cable goes into the 3 welding tips respectively. Now, Operators want to know the remaining welding cables inside each drum. The operators remind the machine that it cannot start again once remaining cables are less than to complete one whole welding cycle.
Are there any other sensors to monitor the welding cables inside the drum? Aside, I am planning to put load cell/strain gauge in each platform to measure the weight of the drum. Is my approach correct?
Please give me some ideas about how to measure these drums. Those people in welding industries
will be much appreciated.
Thanks in advance,
I assume that you mean the electrode wire, and not the shunt cable. It is difficult to give a realistic answer without knowing the mechanical parameters in more detail.
However, sensing wire feed is a common application. The most straight forward methods all rely on the length of wire between the spool and the work piece being enough for at least one part. Thus, when the spool itself runs out, there is still enough wire in the system to finish the part. This means you are not trying to measure the wire while it is still on the spool. Instead you are detecting it after it has left the spool (which is much more practical to do).
You then just need to detect either if the wire is present, or if it is moving. Detecting the wire itself reliably is usually not easy. It is usually better to have the motion of the wire turn or move something else (e.g. around a pulley or between a wheel and pinch roller), and then detect that. This also tells you if the wire is broken or jammed somewhere in the system (the wire is not moving when it should be). You will need to make the logic tolerant of timing lags in the system or else you will get a lot of false triggers.
I doubt that weighing the spools would work. There just isn't enough weight difference between "almost empty" and "empty" to weigh accurately. Furthermore, you won't know what that particular spool weighs empty until you actually empty (at which time it is too late to care).
Hello Mr. Griffin,
Your idea is very much appreciated.
Yes, I am reffering to the welding electrodes rotating inside the invisible drums (not a naked spool which also commonly seen and used).
To add some flow of the process, we are welding for a 11 meters long max. continues welding with no stopping between 0-11 meters.
Otherwise repairs will be done and considered downgraded products if not properly repaired.
We are to avoid stopping between 0-11 meters without knowing electrodes present in the drum. Operators should know or automatilcally determine electrodes present in the drum that it is not possible for a complete 1 cycle (0-11 meters) welding. Otherwise change the drum if detects less than 1 complete cycle.
Welding speed, voltage, amperes base on the thickness welded object may affect the lenght of the electrodes. Distance from the drum to the welding tip is 20 meters and I assure this is not possible for a 1 complete welding cycle proceess.
I might be grateful if this will be done,
You might try the simple approach first. Have the controller count how many meters are used. Add to your interface a reset for a new spool or where the new spool meters are entered manually. Then have the control count down or subtract how much you used plus a safety factor, and you shouldn't be having to do rework. You could add a manual input for operators in the event they waste the wire on start up, wire breaks, etc.
Just a thought for a simple approach.
The first parameter you have to determine is how much wire is enough. If 20 metres of wire isn't enough, then what is?
You might consider modifying the feed system such that it gives you more length between the spool and the work piece. You could move the spools further away, or (likely more practical) you could run the wire through some guides to zig-zag it back and forth.
Alternatively, you could try weighing the spools as in your original idea, but I think you will end up throwing out a lot of wire at the end of the spool to avoid the risk of running out. Weighing the wire simply won't be as accurate as actually measuring it.
It is not really possible to make a recommendation though, as this comes down to a matter of economics. Your application is a bit unusual in that the length of your continuous weld is much longer than in typical manufacturing. In most applications people want to avoid wasting wire. You however have to balance a more complex feed system (and more time to change spools) versus wasting wire versus scrapping what sounds like a large and expensive part.


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£1: Scotland: Forth Railway Bridge
Years of issue:
6 - Common
The third series of £1 coin designs depicts bridges from each of the four constituent countries in the United Kingdom. This coin features the Forth Railway Bridge to represent Scotland. The Forth Bridge is a cantilever railway bridge to the East of Scotland which connects the capital city Edinburgh with Fife. Construction began in 1883 and it was the first major structure in Britain to be constructed of steel, using ten times as much as the Eiffel Tower.
You might be interested in:
Change Checker Scarcity Index: 6
Own the UK 2004 Forth Bridge £1


How Do I Pull A Call Recording From Stages?
Follow these steps to learn how to pull recordings from the calls made on your accounts. You can use them to audit service quality and ensure your customers are being taken care of.
 1. To pull a call recording, first log into the Stages portal here:
2. Once you have logged into Stages, The first step to pulling a call recording is to open the site data screen for the account under "Site," in the main menu.
3. After opening the data screen window, click on the triangular "play" button at the top right of the account's history section.
4. To filter the results, you can enter the date of the signal you are looking for before pressing the play button.
5. Once you found the recording you are looking for, simply press the "speaker" button at the left of the event.


text: A 3D finite element (FE) model was developed to calculate the vertical forces on dental implants supporting prosthetic bridgework. Results of PE models were compared to results of an analytical model developed by Skalak (1), and to experimental results from laboratory models of semicircular metal and acrylic bridges supported by screw-shaped titanium dental implants specially-designed to sense axial load. The dental implants in these lab models were inserted into (a) an aluminum baseplate (Ng's experiment (2) or (b) a dried human mandible (Edwards' experiment (3)) in order to vary the stiffness of the 'bone'-implant interface. FE models were constructed with beam elements for the implants and brick elements for the bridge. To simulate the effects of different stiffnesses at the bone-implant interface, some FE models used foundation elements of prescribed stiffness beneath the implant beam elements. Models were run with purely vertical forces applied at various locations along the bridge, e.g., at distal locations, midline locations and at an intermediate point. Two key results were: (a) For implants in a stiff interface, supporting either metal or acrylic bridges, the FE results were in closer agreement with experimental data than the Skalak analytical model. (b) For implants in a less stiff interface, the FE model and Skalak model predicted the implant loads accurately for the case of the metal bridge but only the FE model was accurate in the case of the acrylic bridge. For future work it will be important to obtain better data on actual interfacial stiffnesses as input data for FE models.


text:
Most modern spear fishers use one of two types of spear gun. Band-powered models rely on strong elastic bands to fire the spear, while pneumatic spear guns rely on a small quantity of compressed air to send the projectile forth. In both cases, a trigger fires the weapon, by either releasing the bands or discharging a quantity of air. Impaled fish are retrieved via a line attached to the spear, or -- if the water is suitably clear -- by tracking the fish visually.
Pros and Cons
Band-powered spear guns are easier to maintain than pneumatic models are, as they have very few moving pieces and need not be airtight. You can adjust the power of a pneumatic gun, by adjusting how much air is forced inside the tank, but it is easier to adjust the power of a band-powered model. In this case, the spear fisher need only add or subtract bands from the gun. Additionally, while band-powered models are generally silent, pneumatic weapons are noisier. This can startle nearby fish, making it more difficult to achieve success.
- Rostislav Ageev/iStock/Getty Images


Withdraw in a Sentence 🔊
Definition of Withdraw
to remove or take away something from a specific place
Examples of Withdraw in a sentence
Because he no longer wants the job, the applicant decided to withdraw his application from the running. 🔊
Before he can withdraw his money from the bank, the man must fill out a withdrawal form. 🔊
The student has decided to withdraw his entry from the art contest and try again next year. 🔊
Other words in the Reject category:
Most Searched Words (with Video)


text:
Term: Rosendale Township [origin of place name]
Definition: In an early day the name of Rosendale was the most appropriate that could have been given to the tract of land constituting the town of that name. It was suggested by Mrs. George C. Curtis because it was such a perfect vale of roses.
[Source: Butterfield History of Fond du Lac Co., p. 767.]


text:
A33. propagation along a channel
The purpose of this test is to verify the influence of diffraction for waves propagating along a channel. The amplitude of the waves decays in axial direction due to loss of energy in lateral direction. The waves computed by Swan are Compared with an analytical solution taken from Booij (1981). This analytical solution was validated by measurements, see Booij (1981). The axis of the channel is in N-S direction.
At the Southern boundary an incident wave field is assumed which propagates from the Southern boundary in N direction. The peak period is 10 s.
In the analytical solution the amplitude along the axis is constant. Computed values for Hs along the axis are compared with the analytical results.
3 cases are considered:
The highest panel shows the decay of Hs along the channel.
It is seen that diffraction enhances the decay. Diffraction in Swan
does not give enough decay if compared with the analytical solution.


Can Sea Turtles Breathe Underwater?
Can Sea Turtles Breathe Underwater? Sea turtles cannot breathe underwater and need to come to the surface for air. They can hold their breath underwater for as long as 4-7 hours if they are resting or sleeping.
How do sea turtles hold their breath for so long? seeking jellyfish for prey. Since they are cold-blooded, sea turtles have a slow metabolic rate. This slowed metabolism allows them to stay submerged for long periods of time. The hibernating turtles breathe without surfacing by absorbing dissolved oxygen through their skin and cloaca.
Can you drown a turtle? Yes, absolutely. Although turtles can remain underwater for long periods of time, they cannot breathe underwater. Under the right circumstances, turtles can drown.
How long can sea turtles sleep underwater without taking a breath? Sea turtles can hold their breath for several hours, depending on their level of activity. If they are sleeping, they can remain underwater for several hours. In cold water during winter, when they are effectively hibernating, they can hold their breath for up to 7 hours. This involves very little movement.
You Might Also Like: How Long Can Baby Turtles Stay Out Of Water?
Can Sea Turtles Breathe Underwater – Related Questions
How do sea turtles breathe air?
Just like other reptiles, sea turtles have lungs. They have a slightly different structure than mammalian lungs, but work just as well when it comes to exchanging gases (oxygen and carbondioxide). The lungs are located right under the carapace and the vertebral column.
Do turtles poop out of their mouths?
Can turtles poop out of their mouths
What animal can hold breath for 6 days?
Why do turtles sleep with their head out?
If you notice your pet turtle sleeping with its limbs out, it's generally nothing to worry about and simply indicates that your turtle is attempting to absorb heat. The most important thing is to maintain a temperature of 70 to 80 degrees Fahrenheit within your pet's aquarium, and to monitor the oxygen level carefully.
Why do turtles scream?
The sound is caused from the turtle blowing the air out of its lungs so it has room inside the shell for the head and neck. If something startles the turtle and he moves the head in quickly, they all make this sound. They can also make this sound when they try to pee or poop.
Should you cut your turtle's nails?
In fact, at most you only need to trim the turtle's nails twice per year. Most turtle owners trim their turtles' nails just once a year. If the turtle's nails/claws are overgrown, it's easy to notice. Apart from trimming the nails, you might as well consider trimming the beak in addition, if you have a tortoise.
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Which animal can hold its breath the longest?
sea turtles
Can a baby turtle drown?
Yes, baby turtles can drown, just like adult turtles. The chances of baby turtles drowning are a little more than that of adult turtles because of their weak bodies and inexperience. The primary reason for baby turtles to drown is the basking dock. Also, baby turtles can drown if you have a large tank with deep water.
Do sea turtles yawn underwater?
How long can a sea turtle stay out of water?
Do sea turtles bite?
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How long can a sea turtle live?
What animal poops out of mouth?
Can turtle pee kill you?
Do turtles fart?
Tortoises and turtles do fart! Farts can range in size and sound just like humans. They will probably not be as loud but they can be just as pungent. The tortoises' diet contributes to their farts as well as the amount of gas build-up they experience during the day.
What animal can hold its breath for 40 minutes?
Sloths don't do well on the ground, as their weak hind legs mean they have to pull themselves along. However, their strong long arms make them excellent swimmers. They can even hold their breath for up to 40 minutes!
Which animal can stay underwater for 30 minutes?
Head-lice are quite pesky little pests and have extremely small lungs. However they can hold their breath underwater for an amazing THIRTY MINUTES.


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Mining Programs at Ontario Colleges
What to expect from a Mining Career
The mining industry is always looking for skilled professionals. Whether it's filling specialized roles in geological management or heading into the mines, there are plenty of career opportunities available. Mining programs at Ontario colleges prepare students with both mining techniques and widespread knowledge of geology and earth resources, so they can enter the mining career of their choice.
If you're interested in starting an in-demand career in the mining and geology industry, here's what you need to know. More
There are a few types of mining programs available, each with different focuses or different levels of training. These include:
- Mining Techniques. Mining techniques programs are introductory one-year certificate programs that prepare students for entry-level work in the mining industry or for continued mining education. Students learn basic geology, surveying and drafting skills along with a variety of mining methods that will prepare them for both underground and office work in core sampling, mapping, prospecting and more.
- Mining Engineering Technician / Technology. Mining engineering technician and technology programs are more advanced than the techniques programs. Both technician and technologist programs give students a broader and deeper understanding of geology and resources and may offer training on a larger variety of mining equipment. Mining-related skills, such as drilling and blasting, may also be introduced. Technician programs are typically two-year diploma programs while technology programs (offering the most comprehensive training) are generally three-year advanced diploma programs.
Some mining-related programs have specific focuses, like earth sciences and natural resources. These programs have a geotechnical focus and are made up of courses including (but not limited to) mineral studies, geophysics, soil studies and other earth science topics. Students learn to operate geological equipment that can be used in some mining and geological industry practices, such as geotechnical and environmental assessment.
General Mining Program Requirements
Ontario college mining programs typically require an Ontario Secondary School Diploma (OSSD) or equivalent. Academic requirements will vary depending on the program, but generally include senior math and chemistry or physics courses. A grade 12 English credit is often required for technician and technology programs.
Mining Jobs and Salaries
Depending on your chosen program, jobs in the mining industry range from entry-level to more advanced positions, and will include roles such as:
- Mine Manager or Production Supervisor
- Underground Mining Worker
- Surveyor, Project Manager / Engineer
- Geologist Assistant
- Mining Administration
The average starting salary for graduates of mining programs at Ontario colleges is $36,000 a year, with the potential to earn much more. Experienced mine managers and mine workers typically have salaries between $60,000 and $90,000 a year, or even higher depending on the location and type of mining.
Ontario Colleges Offering Mining Programs
Use the left-column navigation to refine your search by College, Program Availability, Program Start Date and more, or see the table below for a complete list of mining programs at Ontario colleges. Less
|Program Title||College||Campus||Availability||Program Length||Start Date||Website|


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How does the weight of a pendulum effect its oscillation time.
Extracts from this document...
Liam Kelly
How does the weight of a pendulum effect its oscillation time
The key factors that could affect this experiment are that the length of pendulum varying will change how far it has to swing to complete an oscillation.
The weight of the pendulum will have a effect on the oscillation time because the pendulum will have more weights which will increase the surface area for air resistance to take place this is the only possible way the weight of the pendulum will affect the oscillation time because, gravity is a standard force, so the weight will not effect the amount of gravity taking place.
The angle at which it is dropped at is another key factor because, if it is dropped from higher up it has longer to pick up speed so therefore it shall travel higher up giving it a longer oscillation time. If the pendulum is dropped from a lower then it shall have less time to pick up speed and so will not travel as high up on the other side.
...read more.
Weight Of Pendulum
Average length of time
...read more.
We could have improved our test by having a beam and when it is broke by the pendulum the fifth time the pendulum breaks the beam it could stop timing so it would be the same reaction time for all, we could have had a stand or something to hold the pendulum in place before it is dropped that way we could be sure it was from the same spot each time.
In our experiment there was some slightly out of place results in our experiment but they're no severe ones that could be anomalous results.
 We could have investigated a further 1000g so we went to 2000g to see if after every 500g there was a jump in time of nearly a second our so, like there was in our experiment. We could also continue to the point of were we have added so much weight that it could not complete 5 oscillations to the same height as it started. We could also have tried the experiment at different temperatures to see what effect, if any it had on the oscillation times.
...read more.
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Yes, you read it right, you can turn your android phone into wireless Speaker. You can use your android phone as a speaker and play music by using laptop or PC. If suppose the speaker of your laptop or PC is not working properly in this case you can use your android phone as a speaker for your device. Follow the below mention steps to achieve this.
It's a very simple task. You just need four things to turn your android phone into wireless speaker:
- Android Phone.
- PC or Laptop.
- Wifi Connection.
- Soundwire Software.
Steps to Turn your Android Phone into wireless Speaker.
In order to turn your android phone into wireless speaker you just need to follow these short and simple steps.
1. First, download the Soundwire software in a PC as well as in android phone and install as well. You can also use some other software rather than Sowundwire but I recommend you to use Soundwire only because it's sound quality is good and there is very less sound lacking.
2. Then open the Soundwire software on PC and save the server address i.e. 192.168.1.8 for later use.
As you can see in the above screenshot the status is disconnected because our android phone is not connected to it. You can also change the input method like a speaker, microphone etc.
3. Now, open the Soundwire application in android phone and enter the server address that is present in Soundwire software in PC i.e. 192.168.1.8.
4. You just need to click on the box above the server to turn your android phone into wireless Speaker. i.e.
and the colour of that box will change and it will show that your android device is successfully turned into a wireless speaker. i.e.
You can also see the connection status is now connected, in the Soundwire desktop application.


text:
The hydraulic transportation of thickened sludges
Industries which pump sludges are under continuous pressure to decrease water content, and increase concentration. Environmentally
superior disposal techniques are demanding that such sludges have high mechanical strength properties. This results in a sludge with an increasing viscous character. At high concentration, the viscous forces – which are usually highly non-Newtonian
and yield stress in nature – become dominant, and flows inevitably become laminar.
The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the effect and evaluate the impact that increasing non-Newtonian viscous stresses – particularly yield stress – have on the pipelining problem. An industrially relevant sludge pipe flow study is presented, demonstrating and quantifying the relationship between sludge rheology and flow regime. It is argued that laminar flow will result in settlable solids accumulating on the pipe invert, leading to pipe blockage. Although some practical remedies have been proposed, this problem requires urgent and focussed research..
Water SA Vol. 30 (5) 2005: pp.66-68