text:
10. Archeological Excavations at the Platte River
Campground Site (20BZ16), Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore,
Richner, Jeffrey J.
The Platte River Campground archeological site (20BZ16) is located along
the Platte River, within Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore, Michigan.
The site was discovered in 1985 and was also tested in that year. In 1987,
the Midwest Archeological Center conducted archeological excavations at the
site in advance of a planned campground redevelopment program which will
impact portions of the site. Important information on site age and
artifact assemblages was obtained. The site is multicomponent, with
evidence of repeated prehistoric occupations over both the Middle and Late
Woodland Periods in addition to late historic Euro-American uses. Emphasis
in this report is placed upon the prehistoric components.


text:
Prior information about the average dielectric properties of breast tissue can be implemented in microwave breast imaging techniques to improve the results. Rapidly providing this information relies on acquiring a limited number of measurements and processing these measurement with efficient algorithms. Previously, systems were developed to measure the transmission of microwave signals through breast tissue, and simplifications were applied to estimate the average properties. These methods provided reasonable estimates, but they were sensitive to multipath. In this paper, a new technique to analyze the average properties of breast tissues while addressing multipath is presented. Three steps are used to process transmission measurements. First, the effects of multipath were removed. In cases where multipath is present, multiple peaks were observed in the time domain. A Tukey window was used to time-gate a single peak and, therefore, select a single path through the breast. Second, the antenna response was deconvolved from the transmission coefficient to isolate the response from the tissue in the breast interior. The antenna response was determined through simulations. Finally, the complex permittivity was estimated using an iterative approach. This technique was validated using simulated and physical homogeneous breast models and tested with results taken from a recent patient study.
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Definition of dog whistle in English:
1A high-pitched whistle used to train dogs, typically having a sound inaudible to humans.
- X rays are light emitted at much higher frequencies than humans can see, in the same way as a dog whistle blows at a frequency that is beyond the sensitivity of the human ear.
- Blow into it and the sound produced is not unlike that of a dog whistle.
- He kept blowing a dog whistle in a fruitless attempt to coax Molly out.
1.1 [usually as modifier] A subtly aimed political message which is intended for, and can only be understood by, a particular group: dog-whistle issues such as immigration and crime
More example sentences
- She nailed the point of why the Government was holding such an Inquiry, describing it as "dog whistle politics to men's groups aggrieved by the Family Court".
- This dog whistle may have been missed by his audience, and was certainly neglected by the press, but it resonated in Conservative headquarters.
- Mr Norris added that modernisers who felt uneasy about the party's focus on "dog whistle" issues such as asylum may struggle to criticise the leadership.
Definition of dog whistle in:
- British & World English dictionary
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
Comments that don't adhere to our Community Guidelines may be moderated or removed.


How Do Snails Make Shells – How are They Formed
I was doing a bit of gardening recently when I came across a snail with a chunk of its shell missing. I thought to myself, how do these shells work? I wander if the little guy can grow another one…? I did some further digging, excuse the pun, and this is what I uncovered!
How do snails make shells?
Snails make their shells with a gland called the 'mucous pedal gland'. The function of this gland is to produce a calcium rich mucous which the snail spreads on the outer rim of the original shell. Over time this mucous hardens, at first forming a weak, soft edge that eventually becomes hard like the rest. This process is repeated as necessary to ensure the shell grows along with the snail. Land, garden and sea snails all follow the same shell growth process.
Through my research I also discovered that there are over forty thousand species of snail and some of them only live in water. Can you imagine that?! I also discovered just how important a role the shells play in the life of a snail and how some of their reproductive methods are totally crazy. Check this out!
Do snails have shells when they are born
All snails are born with a basic soft shell called a 'protoconch'. The shells are made of calcium carbonate, which is a chemical compound of calcium and protein also found in rocks, seashells and even dark green vegetables.
Where Do Snail Shells come from & How are Snail Shells Formed
As a snail reaches maturity, their original shell becomes the smallest part of the spiral we see in all snail shells. As the shell grows, it is pushed around the snail like an unwinding spring, this is the reason for the spiral shape. Because of the way the snail forms it's shell it is also capable of repairing it, the mucous excretion acting like glue to seal a wound – so I'm sure my little garden friend will be fine.
Now, given that the shell is made of calcium carbonate, you might have guessed that the main ingredient for the shell is calcium – this means that to grow a shell effectively, snails must consume large quantities of it to fuel their mucous production. All snails hatch from calcium dense eggs and instinct tells them to eat the eggshell after they hatch. This sets them on the path of seeking out calcium – from birth they hunt for anything and everything plant based containing this essential dietary ingredient (snails are omnivores with very few genetically exceptional species that may occasionally eat fish or other snails).
Land snails often look for green vegetables such as spinach and broccoli. Snails that spend their lives in the water have a diet primarily consisting of plants like algae and kelp.
Diet has a large impact on the pattern of the shell too! Snails with a diverse diet tend to have more vibrant and interesting patterned shell, which is why sea snails living in warmer climates tend to be the most eye-catching, due to the larger variety of available foods.
How Do Snails Make Shells
How Do Snails Make Shells
Why do snails have a shell?
The purpose of a snail's shell is very diverse and it's kind of like a little snail house, though it's technically a living part of the snail. Because of the genetic make-up of a snail, like all members of the gastropod family, their entire body is very moist – maintained by their mucous production mentioned earlier – as such, they require a moist environment to survive.
This is why we rarely see snails on the sidewalk when it's sunny and dry, it makes it very difficult and uncomfortable for the snail to move around as it has to produce far more mucous to do so. If it's really hot, then the shell acts as a very necessary sun shield where the snail can retreat into and stay nice and wet. Shells are also very useful as a means of defence against predators such as birds and fish – the strong shell being virtually impenetrable to many species.
They can also hide well as their shells often camouflage well with the environment in which they get their food from – as I mentioned earlier, the shell pattern and colour changes based on diet. If a snail feels threatened it can retract its entire body into the shell so that only very persistent and well-equipped predators can get at them. Birds like the song thrush will clasp a snail in its strong beak and repeatedly smash it against a solid object until they successfully break the hard shell.
Other large predators such as blue jays, ravens, hawks and owls will actually swallow smaller snails whole, in which case the shells are likely only to cause a minor stomach upset for their attackers…hardly a fair trade!
How are snails attached to their shells?
While we might look at the shell as the snail's home, it is attached from birth and cannot be removed. The shell should be considered as an extension of the snail itself, like a human's ribcage.
Can a snail live without its shell or Do Snails Die when their Shells Break?
The short answer is, sadly, no. So, if my little friend's shell was more severely damaged, he probably wouldn't have made it.
Imagine if your rib cage was on the outside of your body. Our ribcage is very important for our survival as it protects our important bits! Without our ribcage we couldn't survive as it supports our ability to breathe and it is the same for the snail. Not only does the snail breathe through a breathing hole in its shell, it simply wouldn't survive the elements without it. Who would have known that a snail's greatest defence mechanism is also one of its most vital organs!
Can snails regrow their shells?
As mentioned earlier, a snail can make minor repairs to their shell as needed, however, to regrow the entire shell would sadly be impossible because to lose the shell means death.
Where do snails come from? Reproduction and more!
One of the most interesting finds I came across in my search for snail information is that the majority of snails don't reproduce like humans, or many other mammals at that. In fact, their reproduction methods are incredibly rare in the sense that most snails are hermaphrodites. This means that the snail is both male and female – possessing all necessary elements required to produce both egg and sperm. This means that a snail can reproduce all by itself, isn't that crazy?! While it is possible for snails to reproduce by themselves, they generally prefer to find a mate, because the chance of survival for a baby snail that is self-fertilised is much lower than if they produce with a sexual partner.
One of the most fascinating discoveries I came across is that some species of snail use a mechanism commonly called a 'love dart'. Love darts are made up of calcium and contain hormones that help to enhance reproductive capability of the party that is 'shot' with the dart. Love darts are typically present in snails who have been sexually mature for a while and reproduced in the past. In the final stages of reproduction snails will shoot these love darts into their sexual partners as a part of the mating ritual.
The only problem is that sometimes these darts that are designed to help with successful reproduction, actually have the potential to pass right through the snail on impact and damage vital organs! It's a good thing these snails don't have thought processes like human beings – they are very instinct oriented beings. Otherwise these particular species would probably die out from fear of reproducing!
Save the snail shell!
What a journey that was – I hope you enjoyed learning about snails as much as I did! Remember that all snails are born with their shell and that it is vital for their survival. So, if you're ever in the garden and you see a snail with a cracked shell, you can help the snail by moving it out of the sun so that it doesn't dry out while it's repairing itself. Some people have been recorded to use glue or sticky tape successfully to help fix snail shells, but that might be a level of commitment you're not looking for with your little garden friends. (Or pests, depending on who you ask!)
Huge snail shell
Huge snail shell


text:
20. Christian Headstone with Canopy
Yuan dynasty (1272—1368)
Quanzhou Maritime Museum
Ricci 20 KP 020 Z24
A canopy or parasol was used in ancient India to protect kings and other royals from the sun, and it subsequently became a symbol of power and prestige. It was natural to use a canopy in association with the Buddha as he had been a prince before attaining enlightenment. It can be seen in the early Buddhist art of India, and was transmitted to Central Asia and China where it appears, for example, at Dunhuang. A similar canopy to the one shown on this tombstone can be seen on a panel relief on the Eastern pagoda of the Kaiyuan Temple in Quanzhou, completed about 1250.
The discovery of the canopy's presence on Christian tombstones of the Mongol period is quite remarkable, and yet explicable in the context of the multiculturalism of Quanzhou. The canopy has tassels or streamers dangling from it and protects the cross emerging from an open lotus flower.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Help Centre for Advisers
What is a Pay Code?
A pay code is a four digit code that allows you to identify one payroll from another. If you need to add a new pay code to your portal, please use the following pointers to help you create a pay code(s) that is useful to you.
A pay code
 1. Must contain four characters
 2. Must be alphanumeric (i.e. can contain only letters and/or numbers)
 3. Is case sensitive
If you need to add a payroll, then set the pay code to the next number in the sequence e.g. P00x.
 1. P001 for monthly payrolls
 2. P002 for weekly payrolls
 3. P003 for temporary/casual staff
 4. P004 for permanent staff
 5. P005 – office based in London
 6. P006 – office based in Manchester
You will need to input this code when setting up your payroll and uploading each payroll file.
The pay code is referred to in the NOW: File Format as the PAYCODE.
More information can be found in the employer pensions portal guide (step 4).
Martin Woods,


text:
With the release of Solr 7.0 and introduction of new replica types, in addition to the defa?ult NRT type the question appeared – can we control the queries and where they are executed? Can we tell Solr to execute the queries only on the PULL replicas or give TLOG replicas a priority? Let's check that out.
The first control option that we have in SolrCloud is the shards parameter. Using it we can directly control which shards should be used for querying. For example we can provide a logical shard name in our query:
The first of the above queries will be executed only on those shards that are grouped under the logical shard1 name. The second query will be executed on logical shard1, shard2 and shard3, while the third query will be executed on the shards that are deployed on the localhost:6683 node on the test collection
There is also a possibility to do load balancing across instances, for example:
The above query will be executed on instance running on port 6683 or on the one running on port 7783.
While the shards parameter gives us some degree of control where the query should be executed it is not exactly what we would like to have. However to use a certain type of replica we would have to get the data about the physical layout of the shards and this is not something that we would like to do. Because of that the shards.preference parameter has been introduced to Solr. It allows us to tell Solr what type of replicas should have the priority when executing query.
For example, to tell Solr that PULL type replicas should have priority when the query is executed one should add the shards.preference parameter to the query and set it to replica.type:PULL:
The nice thing is that we can tell Solr that first PULL replicas should be used and then if they are not available TLOG replicas should be used:
We can also define that PULL types replicas should be used first and if they are not available local shards should have the priority:
In addition to the above example we can also define priority based on location of the replicas. For example if our 192.168.1.1 Solr node is way more powerful compared to the others and we would like to first prioritize PULL replicas and then the mentioned Solr node we would run the following query:
The discussed parameters and the shards.preference in particular with its replica.type value can be very useful when we are using SolrCloud with different types of replicas. Telling Solr that we would like to prefer PULL or TLOG replicas we can lower the query based pressure on the NRT replicas and thus have better performance of the whole cluster. What's more – dividing the replicas can help us in achieving query performance that is close what Solr master – slave architecture provides without sacrificing all the goodies that come with SolrCloud itself.


Care of Mice and Rats
Chipmunks and Squirrels
How do you keep a baby mouse warm?
Top Answer
User Avatar
Wiki User
Answered 2006-12-27 23:19:28
Baby mice sleep a lot to keep their bodies worm. But you can wrap it in a blanket so it doesn't lose body temperature
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Your Answer
Still Have Questions?
Related Questions
Can you give abandon baby mice baths?
I would never bath a baby mouse personally. If you keep it you can try it with mildly warm water when it is mature.
Can a baby mouse have water?
yes, a baby mouse can have water because when you raise them you give them warm milk and your supposed to mix water with the milk.
How do you keep a baby bird warm?
I found a baby blackbird and what i did to keep it warm was to put it into cotton wool then put it in your bra so your body heat keeps it warm.
What do toucans do to baby toucans?
they keep the baby toucans warm
Your mouse had babies and its covering them up what do you do?
she is doing that to keep them warm... Dont do anything.. let the mouse do what it is doing.
How does a female penguin keep their baby warm?
First of all the male keeps the baby penguin warm. and all the male penguin huddle together to keep there baby's warm.
What kind of environment should a baby abandoned mouse stay in?
WHAT ENVIORMENT SHOULD A BABY MOUSE STAY IN? I found a baby mouse the other day on my porch. I have a little fishtank that is empty. It has a built in light and gravel. The mouse is teeny! During the day, I keep the light on to keep it warm....... even though it acts like it doesn't like it. But at night, I turn it off. Mice DO like the dark. If it gets cold, it'll bury itself in the gravel... if it is a mouse and has that instinct. By the way, I named him RobertBob for short. : )
Why do cats heat?
Well to keep their baby warm if it is having a baby but if not then to kepp it's self warm!
Why does a mouse have thick covering of fur?
To reduce heat loss and to keep warm. :)
Why does a kangaroo carry its baby in a pouch?
to keep the baby kangaroo safe and warm
How do you keep a baby duck egg warm?
An incubator.
What do you put a baby mouse in?
If you have a baby mouse, dont put in a bathtub. Put it somewhere safe like maybe back outside. If you continue to keep this baby mouse, though, try a shoebox with tissues. That way the mouse can eat the tissues and have a comfy bed.
How do I protect baby chicks?
Keep them in a place where nothing can get in to them and keep them warm and dry.
Why do penguins keep their eggs warm?
They want to keep the baby penguin that's in it warm and if it gets too cold it will die!
What do you do if you found a injured baby mouse?
keep it warm with leaves and grass don't dive it cheese they like guiney pig food better give it a drink now and again and REMEMBER TO KEEP IT AWAY FROM CATS AND FOXES
How do baby penguins keep warm?
the fathers all huddle together and all of the baby penguin huddle in the middle so they are warm
How do you keep baby eggs warm?
Penguin baby eggs are kept warm by the father while the mother looks more food
What do you do if your mouse is congested?
Try and keep him very warm. Make sure it has plenty of water.
How do you care for a newborn mouse with no mother?
You can feed it puppy formula and keep it warm,but not overheat!
How do you keep your baby rabbits warm when they are outside?
bundle them up in a blanket or baby clothes!
How long will a baby mouse whose eyes aren't open yet live if they don't eat?
maybe a week (but to keep it alive you need to feed it warm milk from a small tube
How do you save a baby egg?
keep it warm and safe I guess
What do you have to do to care for newborn baby kittens?
stamp on them to keep them warm
How do I look after a wild baby mouse that has just been attacked and appears to have no external injuries?
keep it in a very warm environment, keep an eye out for any blood in its stool, and feed it baby soy formula every 3-4 hours during the day and twice during the night
What is the term for a baby mouse?
baby mouse.


Taking food to and from the Pacific islands
It is very important to keep food safe while taking it between New Zealand and the Pacific Islands. Food is often shared so if it's not safe, it can make many people sick. Food can go bad and make people sick if it is kept warm for more than two hours. The total time of a trip, including time travelling to and from the airports at either end of the flight, time at the airports and during the flight is long enough for food to go very bad.


text:
This paper uses the example of the College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine Libraries at the University of Edinburgh. It examines the changing course structure in veterinary medicine and shows how information skills training has developed to provide students with transferable skills which they can take into their veterinary career. This is particularly relevant as the profession is increasing the emphasis on continuing professional development. The paper investigates how staff in the Veterinary Libraries have collaborated with colleagues in the Medical Libraries, using the example of information skills training for medical students to tailor training for veterinary students. The paper will discuss how Library staff liaised with the Veterinary School to integrate information skills training into the undergraduate curriculum.
The paper will also discuss information skills training of postgraduate students and staff in the Veterinary School. Finally, the paper will show how the Veterinary Subject Guide on Library Online (_URL_ was developed to assist ease of access to resources for students. Relevance to the conference: The work described in this paper covers several of the conference themes including: training programmes, liaison with clients, teaching Internet search skills, knowledge sharing and developing library websites. Finally, it suggests that a 21st century veterinary library must develop to meet its clients' needs and provide them with the transferable skills they require in 21st century veterinary medicine.


text:
Date: Around 1993
What is the strongest geometric shape when it comes to bridges?
Now you are getting into the kind of specificity that is
necessary. Woods greatest strength is against compression along the growth
axis. The way trees grow is the best evidence for this fact. So the
strongest figure out of wood would be one which carries most of the load as
compression and not bending of the members and is stable. Anything built out
of triangles would be able to transfer a force in almost direction into forces
along the sides without collapsing the figure. Some other kind of material
might indicate a different kind of figure.


text:
Definition of priesting
n. - The office of a priest.
The word "priesting" uses 9 letters: E G I I N P R S T.
Direct anagrams of priesting:
Words formed by adding one letter before or after priesting (in bold), or to egiinprst in any order:
d - springtide f - fingertips presifting m - springtime o - repositing s - persisting springiest
Words within priesting
not shown as it has more than seven letters.
List all words starting with priesting, words containing priesting or words ending with priesting
All words formed from priesting by changing one letter
Other words with the same letter pairs: pr ri ie es st ti in ng
Browse words starting with priesting by next letter
Previous word in list: priesthoods
Next word in list: priestlier
Some random words: vying


Friday, July 17, 2015
How Many Monks?
No comments :
how many monks riddle
There's a monastry of fifty monks that have taken a vow of silence. They go through the same routine every day. They wake up, pray. They go to lunch, their only meal of the day, were they all sit round a big circular table, and eat a simple meal. Then they go back to their rooms and pray. Then they fall asleep.
One day, the head monk of the area comes to visit. He's a bit different - he's allowed to talk and has a life outside the monastry. He tells them that there is currently a plague ravaging the land. People everywhere are dying. The disease manifests itself as red blotches on the forehead. The blotches are the only manifestation of the disease for three months, whereupon the next stage starts, a horribly painful death.
The head monk tells them that at least one of their midst will have the disease, probably more. Anybody with the disease should kill themselves, to save all of the pain and suffering. By killing themselves, they will restrict the movement of the disease, and will go to heaven. Anybody with the disease will show the first symptoms within a month. The chief monk then leaves. He returns two months later, to find that all of the infected monks have killed themselves, and they all did it on the same day.
Bear in mind the following:
 - They have no mirrors or any other way of seeing themselves
 - The blotches appear only on the forehead and cannot be seen by the monk
 - Infected monks feel no different - the only manifestation of the first part of the disease are the blotches.
 - The monks cannot talk to each other or in any other way communicate.
 - Any monks with the disease will display the blotches within a month of the head monk leaving.
 - At least one monk definitely has the disease.
 - The monks only see each other once per day, at lunch, when they are all sat round the round table.
 - These monks are brighter than the average monk....
How did they know whether or not they were infected and why did they all kill themselves on the same day?
How Many Monks? Puzzle Solution
The way they work this out and the reason it happens on the same day is as follows. It is important to note that not only are the monks intelligent but they all know all their fellow monks are as well.
Start with one monk:
He knows he is the only one who can have the disease so he kills himself on
day 1.
Then two monks:
They know that either one of them has the disease or both do. If monk1
doesn't see the mark of the disease on monk2 then he will realise that he
must have it so will kill himself. If he sees the mark then he knows that
monk2 will following the same reasoning and kill himself. If the next day
the other monk is still alive then he realises that the other monk must have
seen the mark on him and so they both have the disease and he must kill
himself. Both follow the same reasoning and kill themselves on day 2.
Three monks:
If only one of the monks has the disease he will see no mark on the other
two and so diagnose himself. He will kill himself on day one. If two monks
have the disease then they will each see one monk with the mark and one
without. When they see each other again the next day they will deduce that
the monk they see with the mark would only not have killed himself if he
could see someone else with the mark. They know it is not the third monk so
it must be them. Both diseased monks follow the same reasoning and kill
themselves on day two. If all three monks have the disease then they are all
in the same position as the healthy monk in looking on in the previous
example. Each of them can see two diseased men. When they haven't both
killed themselves on day two there can be only one reason - the viewing monk
must have the mark as well. All taking the same reasoning they all kill
themselves on day three.
And so on...
N monks all with the disease will all kill themselves on day N.
No comments :
Post a Comment


The Eye of This Chimp Saved From Poachers Changed Color Because of the Physical Trauma It Suffered
Two baby chimps, Felix and Mara, were adopted by Lwiro Primates Rehabilitation Center in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) after their families were poached for bushmeat or the exotic pet trade, the institution announced in a Facebook post on Monday.
"Different day, same story—just like that, these babies have lost the only home they knew," explained the post.
This trauma was so great, staff in the center have said, it caused Felix's eye color to change. Staff at the center believe Felix was beaten, leaving a severe ulcer in his right eye, while the brown hair on his body suggests he experienced severe malnourishment.
"As you can see, the discoloration in one of his eyes is because of trauma," a health update published on Tuesday stated.
While changes to eye color are rare, it can happen—in humans as well as in primates.
Baby Chimps
Mara (left) and Felix (right) had to be rescued after their families were poached. Felix's right eye is discolored from the physical trauma he experienced. _USER_ and _USER_
"The factors that can cause eyes to change colors—or appear to have different colors—include genes, diseases, medications and trauma," Omar Chaudhary, MD, an ophthalmologist in Potomac, Maryland, said in an article for the American Academy of Ophthalmology.
This change in color may relate to the iris or other parts of the eye that can make it appear that the color of the iris is different. One way trauma can change eye color is through uveitis, an inflammation of eyeball's middle layer. Another way is through tissue loss, which can make the iris appear as though it is a different color.
Felix isn't the only one showing physical signs of the ordeal they'd been through. Mara still has bags under her eyes, suggesting she is malnourished and dehydrated.
"Psychologically, she has been very untrusting of humans, and also not as playful as Felix," staff said.
It is not known exactly what happened to Felix and Mara's family but chimps like these are often taken by poachers to feed the market for exoctic pets. According to the BBC, a baby chimp can fetch up to $12,500 on the international market.
Tactics adopted by poachers do not just target the baby chimp, but the entire chimp family who might try to resist the poaching. The prize of one (alive) baby frequently involves the slaughter of up to 10 adults, the BBC reports. They are then often sold for bushmeat.
baby chimps
Mara (left) and Felix (right) were confiscated by ICCN rangers last week. _USER_ and _USER_
While the pair may have had a traumatic start to the month, if an update posted on Tuesday is anything to go by, they seem to be adapting well to their new surroundings.
"After a very stressful yesterday, we want to start today by giving some good news—unlike many other babies that we've got before, Felix & Mara are eating and sleeping very well. They're also being playful with each other, and have become very trusting and needy of their human surrogate mamas," the post stated.


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What is the Difference Between De facto Relationship & Marriage?
By 28 September 2018De Facto Law, General
Brisbane Family Lawyers
Relationships in contemporary Australian society are marked by changes to our social dynamics, such as the ever increasing population and growth of our multicultural and inclusive society.
Yet there are only two formal types of relationships in the eyes of the Australian legal system: a de facto relationship or a marriage.
Save for the obvious differences, and of course differences in cultural practices, there is one significant difference between the two.
The Marriage Act 1961 defines "marriage" as being 'the union of two people to the exclusion of all others, voluntarily entered into for life'. Key to this definition are the terms "union", "exclusion of all others", and "voluntarily entered into for life".
Whilst there is no firm definition of "de facto relationship", a de facto relationship can exist between two persons providing they are:
 1. not married to each other;
 2. are not related; and
 3. are living on a genuine domestic basis.
The Family Law Act 1975 identifies a number of circumstances from which a de facto relationship may arise, which include:
 - the duration of the relationship;
 - the nature and extent of the parties' common residence;
 - whether a sexual relationship exists;
 - the degree of financial dependence or interdependence;
 - whether the parties' own, use or have acquired property jointly;
 - the degree of the parties' mutual commitment to a shared life;
 - whether the parties' relationship has been registered under a prescribed law of a State or Territory;
 - the parties' care and support of children; and
 - the reputation and public aspects of the relationship.
Indeed, when you look at the circumstances that may give rise to a de facto relationship it is easy to see that they will more likely than not exist in a marriage. A combination of any of the above circumstances can be found in almost every intimate relationship, it is the constitution of the relationship that differences.
Arguably, there is no intrinsic difference between the two. Relationships are comprised of some overarching key factors, namely love and affection, commitment and support.
However, when you consider the definitions of the two types of relationships, there are some significant differences which point to one fundamental principal. When two people get married they are entering into a formal contract known as the consortium vitae, otherwise known as the "marital relationship".
When you break the process of getting married down, you can see a number of key elements that provide for a legally valid and binding marital relationship. This elements include:
 1. a formal legal ceremony, conducted by a person who is ordained to conduct the ceremony and validate the marriage;
 2. a verbal commitment provided by both of the parties to each other (also known as "vows");
 3. a document that is signed by both parties at the conclusion of the ceremony signifying the "contract"; and
 4. the registration of the marriage in the State or Territory in which the ceremony occurred.
Of course, all marriage ceremonies are different. But they all include the above key elements which provide for the marriage to be valid and legally binding. In other words, providing the above elements are present, the marital relationship becomes binding and effective on the day of the ceremony.
For all intents and purposes, the process of getting married (however hectic and stressful, and even expensive the planning may be) gives rise to a legally binding contract.
But, this contract is not like any normal contract. This contract is founded on the basis that two parties are making a commitment to one another, for life, and to the exclusion of anyone else. Indeed, the exclusivity of a marriage is integral, particularly in circumstances where a de facto relationship may consist of a party who is married but separated.
The type of relationship you and your partner wish to have is a deeply personal decision and is founded on love, affection, commitment and support. There is no requirement to get married. Marriage can simply be identified as the ultimate step of unification between two people who are committed to one another and wish to be committed to one another for life.
If you need family law assistance or legal advice following separation, whether from a de facto relationship or following the breakdown of your marriage, then please contact one of expert family law lawyers Toowoomba.


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Beauty tips of brighten face with ice cubes:-
An ice cube can soothe pimples, sunburns, and skin inflammation. It reduces redness and swelling and numbs the pain. A face massage with ice cubes can brighten your complexion by boosting circulation. Ice cubes with milk or cucumber can even exfoliate your skin. To relieve puffy eyes, make green tea ice cubes for instant relief. Ice cubes can also prevent wrinkles by tightening the skin. It'll also create a smoother surface for makeup.
Fair,glowing spotless toned skin with ice cubes:-
A standout amongst the most well known employments of ice solid shapes is for contracting skin inflammation. A pimple is little damage, all things considered. Ice can quiet redness and swelling, particularly on the off chance that you have cystic skin inflammation. It can even assuage torment similarly it numbs wounds. In any case, recollect that pimples are touchy and furthermore loaded with microscopic organisms. So be cautious while applying an ice 3D square on the face for skin inflammation.


Coronation Weather, 1953
Worst June weather of the century?
by Philip Eden
Weatherwise, 2 June 1953 was an atrocious day in the middle of a lengthy spell of atrocious weather. May that year had been a superb month with weeks of warm sunshine interspersed with occasional thundery downpours. Eight days before Coronation Day, on the Whit Monday holiday, the temperature soared to 31.7°C in London and Surrey but there was a sudden and complete change in the weather the following day.
A cold front brought thunder-showers and a sharp drop in temperature on May 26, and from then until the middle of June the British Isles lay between high pressure over the Atlantic, usually located somewhere between Ireland and Iceland, and low pressure over the near-continent. As a result the country lay under a very cool and moist northerly airflow throughout this period. June 2 itself was a miserable, November-like day in London as far as the weather was concerned, with dull skies, a chill wind and sporadic outbreaks of rain during the morning, although it dried out gradually later on. The afternoon temperature climbed no higher than 12°C - several degrees lower than the Queen's wedding day in November six years before.
It could have been worse - other parts of England had torrential downpours that day and there were floods in Northumberland after 70mm of rain fell in short order. And the following day was even colder; the maximum on 3rd June in London was 11°C, in Birmingham it was just 8°C, and at Aberdeen only 7°C.
None of the 20th century's coronation days had been blessed with really good weather. George VI's, on May 12, 1937, was similarly cool and cloudy with rain during the first part of the morning and again in the evening; George V's, on June 22, 1911, was a disappointingly cloudy day with a chilly breeze although the rain held off; and Edward VII's, on August 9, 1902, was similarly cool and cloudy but dry with just a few fleeting flickers of sunlight.
Recalling the pictures of that procession down the Mall, I am also reminded of Noël Coward's response when asked who Queen Sarote of Tonga's companion was. "Her lunch", he said.


How Many Hours Do Architects Work?
Architects work for 40 hours a week and sometimes on the weekend to meet specific deadlines. If you are self-employed, the number of hours depends on how much work you have. Your work hours are also flexible as self-employed.
Architects are licensed professionals who design buildings and ensure the safety standards are met. They aim to provide a cost-effective solution and ensure the client sees the vision before starting the project. However, it requires time to complete the project, and thus, architectures have to be there in the different phases of the building's construction process.
Employed Architects Vs. Self-Employed Architects
An employed architect is spending 8 hours per day. The salary of an employee varies from state to state. On the other hand, a self-employed architect can decide to work on a project basis. If an architect has to meet a deadline, they will work extra hours to accomplish the results. Some architects can go to the extent of working for 50 hours. If you are working as a freelancer, then you have flexible work hours.
If you are an employed architect, you get a salary with benefits. When working hourly for a company, check out the benefits you get. If you are self-employed, you can opt to be paid by the project length.
Interesting Facts About Architects
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median pay of architects was $39.58 per hour in 2020. The entry-level education for an architect is Bachelor's degree. An architect spends most of the time in the office and visits the construction sites to review the progress of the client's projects.
An architect needs to pass the architect registration examination and has to get experience through a paid internship. It's essential to earn a bachelor's degree in architecture. Depending on the complexity of the project, it's even possible to travel for work. Your firm might operate internationally, and thus, your physical presence might be a must to oversee the projects.
An architect is spending 40 hours to complete the projects. Sometimes they work for additional hours to meet deadlines. If an architect is self-employed, they have flexible work hours.
What Hours do Architects Work? Hours: Full-time workers work approximately 45 hours per week (compared to an average of 44 hours).
What is the average time an architect works in a single day?
This works out to approximately 5 hours per week, or 1 hour more per day. This doesn't seem to support the myth that architects work in their spare time like crazy.
What is the average work week for architects?
Sometimes, travel is required to monitor the progress of a project. About 1 in 5 architects work more than 50 hours per week. It is essential to work overtime and on weekends in order to meet deadlines.
Are architects able to work flexible hours?
Most architects work full-time. Many work overtime, especially when there are deadlines. The work schedules of self-employed architects might be more flexible.
Similar Questions: How many hours do architects work?
Do architects have days off?
Vacation and Leave
PayScale found that new architects had an average of 1.3 weeks vacation. The average vacation time earned by those with one to four years experience was 1.9 weeks, while those with fiveto nine years experience were able to get 2.3 week vacation.
Do architects travel a lot?
Although each case is unique, the question about how much architects travel must also be addressed individually. However, most architects will not spend more than six month per year on their trips. Most architects travel much less than this, so it would be considered the upper limit.
Is it possible for architects to have lots of free time?
What is the best way to find time for architects? Quora. The short answer to this question is no. However, it all depends on your perspective. Architecture is for many an occupation, rather than a career.
Architecture is a career that's rewarding?
Architecture is a respected profession that offers the possibility to own your own business. It's a great career option for creative people. While architecture sounds artistic, it requires many other skills such as math and physics. You will also need strong social skills to succeed in this field.
Are architects rich?
Technically speaking, architects are "rich" in the US. A principal, partner, or manager at the top of the hierarchy generally earns more than 95-98% of the U.S. This is also how engineers and tech workers believe they are wealthy.
Are architects satisfied?
Happiness is about average for architects. CareerExplorer conducts an ongoing survey with millions of people to find out how satisfied they feel about their jobs. It turns out that architects rank their career happiness at 3.1 out 5 stars, which places them in the bottom 41%.
It is hard to be an architect.
A degree in architecture can be extremely rewarding. But it is also among the most challenging – with long hours, a huge workload and focus on detail – so it's vital to understand what you're letting yourself in for.
Are architects ready to retire?
Architects have similar views on retirement, succession and growth within their companies. Although they are expecting to receive retirement accounts, pensions, Social Security and investment dividends, it is possible that they will have to work at minimum part-time.
Are architects always busy?
Architects are busy, a new survey has found, and demand for kitchen and bath projects is "extremely strong." The American Institute of Architects reports that its members have plenty of new design work coming into their firms, and the average backlog for projects has surpassed five months.
Who should architects marry
Designers are like architects in that they tend to marry each other. Male managers and lawyers marry female designers more often than male ones. Male designers marry female secretaries and teachers.
How long does it take for an architect to learn?
The Bachelor of Architectural Studies (BAS), a full-time, three-year program, is designed to open doors to many different career options, whether you are in the architectural discipline or not.
Why is it that architects are paid so little?
Given the amount of work they do and the responsibilities that they have, we see that architects often make very little. In a highly competitive market, this means that you will be working long hours, under stress, with tight deadlines, dealing with demanding clients, and having to work weekends. All of this for a modest compensation.
How much can an architect earn in 2020?
The 2020 hourly average full-time wage rate for professionals in applied and natural sciences, including architects, is $43.86. This employment group earns an average of $85,000 annually, with a median weekly wage rate of $1,634.
Is architecture a stressful job?
From the first lecture we attend to the peak of our careers as architects, there are many stressful events. Our job is intense and very demanding. We must meet deadlines and plan and create the dreams of our clients.
It is smart to be an architect.
They need to possess many qualities. All building disciplines must be understood by architects, including mechanical, electrical, and structural. Smarts is required. While being smart doesn't make you a great architect, it can give you a strong foundation.
Are architects respected?
6. Respected career. It is not easy to become an architect. But it is worth the effort. Architecture is a respected profession that plays a vital role in modern society.
Are you a bad choice for architecture?
It is a drain on your money. In a cost-benefit analysis, architecture is not as competitive as other professions. The entry-level salary for architects is very low, even after college. Long hours are necessary. Many architects do not start making decent money until they are licensed and more experienced.
Do architects have to be skilled at drawing?
Do you mean "do I have to be good in drawing to get into architecture school?" then no. You will be able to demonstrate talent and technical skills, but creativity is essential.
Who is the wealthiest architect?
Norman Foster – $240 million
Norman Foster is the most wealthy architect of all times. Norman Foster net worth of $240 million (£170 million) is mainly from his high-budget projects in Europe and the US.
Can architects make millions of dollars?
Many architects work for years, then go on to an internship. They earn much less. But what we do is equally important as architects. Recent surveys have shown that the average US salary for a sole proprietor is $70,000. It is possible to make a substantial income as an architect, according to recent surveys.
Is being an architect fun?
It's a lot of fun to go to architecture school! It's great to travel, meet interesting architects around the globe, have fun with your friends, challenge yourself and work hard. It was so much fun that some people (including myself) didn't want architecture school to end.


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- In general, okra is used much more as a condiment than as a sauce in itself.
- okra is in fact added to a sauce so that it isn't too runny, but sticks together well enough to stick to the boule.
- okra may be used for sauce preparation as much with vegetables as with meat, be it fresh or dried.
- When using fresh okra, we cut it into very small pieces, then we add it to the vegetables into boiling water.
- We wait until the two (okra, vegetables) are well-cooked before adding any condiments (salt, Peanut butter, Maggi soy sauce or bouillon cubes, piment (hot spice), etc.).
- Then one must leave the sauce on the fire for a few minutes before serving.
- When using dried okra, we grind it into powder and put a certain quantity (in general, a tablespoon per litre of water for making sauce) in at the same time as the other condiments.
- In rare cases, okra is prepared alone as a sauce in itself (for example, during the time between sowing the fields and harvest).
- In this case, the sauce is composed of water, salt and okra (fresh or dried), cooked together. The quantity of okra must be sufficient enough for the sauce to be a sauce and not simply water.


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Pia Larsen is an artist who works with text, drawing, printmedia, paper and metal. Her practice draws from a long-standing enquiry into the discourses of representation around bodies, with a focus on the constraints imposed through gender. Recent work examines bodies in Afghanistan in conjunction with those from her own culture, looking through history and at everyday life.
Pia Larsen Australian Artist print maker and teacher
Title: Their Loss is Our Loss
Dimensions: 336cm(w) x 238cm(h) x 6cm(d)
Materials: copper, acrylic paint, paper + pins


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A Metamorphmagus
Remus Lupin on his infant son's Metamorphic abilities[src]
Difference between Animagi and Metamorphagi
"Metamorphmagi are born, not made."
—Tonks explaining to Harry about Metamorphmagi[src]
Using Metamorphic abilities
—Tonks regarding her Metamorphmagus abilities[src]
Nymphadora Tonks changing her facial features at will and with ease
It is unknown whether Metamorphmagi receive any training in developing their innate skill, or if they learn through trial and error; given their rarity, it is unlikely that much training is available. However, Tonks has shown that she only needs to concentrate a little to change her appearance, so it may be simply a matter of the Metamorphmagi wanting to change. While it has been debated whether Animagi transformations and Disapparition require a wand, it seems Metamorphmagi do not need theirs to utilise their abilities, as Tonks has claimed that other wizards need a wand or potions to transform, meaning Metamorphmagi such as herself are not restricted as such.
Tonks angry
Tonks' hair changing colour under the influence of her emotion
It is unknown if Metamorphmagi must register with the Ministry of Magic like Animagi must, as Metamorphmagi did not choose to become what they are, while Animagi did. Although unlike Animagi, Metamorphmagi do not possess any distinct markings that come with their transformation, so it would be far more difficult to keep track of them for any signs of ability abuse.
Like many other types of magic, a Metamorphmagus' abilities are affected by his or her emotional state. The person's appearance at any moment will often reflect the emotion the person is feeling at the time. Strong emotions, such as shock or sadness, can affect their abilities to the point of having trouble using them at all. For example, Nymphadora Tonks had difficulty using her abilities following Sirius Black's death, when she was depressed over her feelings for Remus Lupin.[3]
Metamorphic abilities can be very helpful when it comes to disguises. For example, Nymphadora Tonks was able to put her abilities to use in performing espionage for the Order of the Phoenix. She also got full marks in Concealment and Disguise of her Auror training, implying that this ability can be used for official examinations and competitions.[1]
Albus Dumbledore wrote an article examining whether it was possible for Metamorphmagi to use their transformational abilities to disappear without a trace in a 1926 issue of Transfiguration Today.[4]
Known Metamorphmagi
Behind the scenes
 - In latin, the female form of Magus is Maga. However, female Metamorphmagi are never refered to as "Metamorphmaga" or "Metamorphmagae", which would be the female plural, in canon.
Notes and references
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If you have 500 items, in column B, but only 20 of them are unique invoices due to them being broken up into purchase orders. It makes sense to keep them separate so you can more easily reconcile checks that are written to you.
The solution I came up with involves using the custom-formula for conditional formatting.
If column A is the Purchase-Order Numbers ( that are entirely unique ) and column B are your invoices that repeat multiple times. Assuming you have headers in row 1.
Explanation of Solution
UNIQUE() is an array returning formula that is exclusive to google sheets (it does not work in excel). This allows you to figure out how many unique invoices exist within column B. So
UNIQUE($B$2:$B) returns a list of only the unique numbers, removing all duplicates.
MATCH() returns an integer of where an item is located in a 1 dimensional range or array. I used it to look at each item in column B and find it's location within the array created by
UNIQUE($B$2:$B) ; SO
MATCH($B2,UNIQUE($B$2:$B),0) will look at cell
B2, and find where it is located in
UNIQUE($B$2:$B) and return a number that represents which place it is in the list.
FALSE depending on the number you give it. For Instance
ISODD(1) will return
TRUE. So if we wrap
ISODD() around our match-unique formula it will alternate with
FALSE per each different invoice. SO,


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I am trying to wrote a program to manage a Database through a Scala Gui, and have been running into alot of trouble formatting my data in such a way as to input it into a Table and have the Column Headers populate. To do this, I have been told I would need to use an Array[Array[Any]] instead of an ArrayBuffer[ArrayBuffer[String]] as I have been using.
My problem is that the way I am trying to fill these arrays is modular: I am trying to use the same function to draw from different tables in a MySQL database, each of which has a different number of columns and entries.
I have been able to (I think) define a 2-D array with
val Data = new Array[Array[String]](numColumns)(numRows)
but I haven't found any ways of editing individual cells in this new array.
Data(i)(j)=Value //or
do not work, and give me errors about "Update" functionality
I am sure this can't possibly be as complicated as I have been making it, so what is the easy way of managing these things in this language?
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4 Answers
You don't need to read your data into an Array of Arrays - you just need to convert it to that format when you feed it to the Table constuctor - which is easy, as demonstrated my answer to your other question: How do I configure the Column names in a Scala Table?
If you're creating a 2D array, the idiom you want is
val data = Array.ofDim[String](numColumms, numRows)
(There is also new Array[String](numColumns, numRows), but that's deprecated.)
You access element (i, j) of an Array data with data(i)(j) (remember they start from 0).
But in general you should avoid mutable collections (like Array, ArrayBuffer) unless there's a good reason. Try Vector instead.
Without knowing the format in which you're retrieving data from the database it's not possible to say how to put it into a collection.
You can alternatively put the type information on the left hand side, so the following are equivalent (decide for yourself which you prefer):
val a: Array[Array[String]] = Array.ofDim(2,2)
val a = Array.ofDim[String](2,2)
To explain the syntax for accessing / updating elements: as in Java, a multi-dimensional array is just an array of arrays. So here, a(i) is element i of a, which an Array[String], and so a(i)(j) is element j of that array, which is a String.
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Luigi's answer is great, but I'd like to shed some light on why your code isn't working.
does not do what you expect it to do. The new Array[Array[String]](numColumns) part does create an array of array of strings with numColumns entries, with all entries (arrys of strings) being null, and returns it. The following (numRows) then just calls the apply function on that returned object, which returns the numRowsth entry in that list, which is null.
You can try that out in the scala REPL: When you input
new Array[Array[String]](10)(9)
you get this as output:
res0: Array[String] = null
Luigi's solution, instead
does the right thing:
res1: Array[Array[String]] = Array(Array(null, null), Array(null, null))
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It's rather ugly, but you can update a multidimensional array with update
> val data = Array.ofDim[String](2,2)
> data(0).update(0, "foo")
> data
data: Array[Array[String]] = Array(Array(foo, null), Array(null, null))
Not sure about the efficiency of this technique.
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Luigi's answer is great, but I just wanted to point out another way of initialising an Array that is more idiomatic/functional – using tabulate. This takes a function that takes the array cell coordinates as input and produces the cell value:
scala> Array.tabulate[String](4, 4) _
res0: (Int, Int) => String => Array[Array[String]] =
scala> val data = Array.tabulate(4, 4) {case (x, y) => x * y }
data: Array[Array[Int]] = Array(Array(0, 0, 0, 0), Array(0, 1, 2, 3), Array(0, 2, 4, 6), Array(0, 3, 6, 9))
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Your Answer


The atg.repository.QueryBuilder interface defines the available query operations that repositories should support. The QueryBuilder interface enables you to build Query objects that can be passed to the repository. A Query is constructed from QueryExpressions. Each Query relates one or more QueryExpressions and a query operation. There are standard logical query operations, such as AND, OR, NOT, EQUALS, GREATER THAN, LESS THAN OR EQUALS, plus more complicated query operations like collection inclusion, pattern matching, and others. The implementation of QueryBuilder does not have to support all query operations — it depends on what query features the data store supports. For unsupported query operations, the method should throw a RepositoryException. You can use the atg.repository.QueryOptions class to limit the size of a query's result set or otherwise modify the query.
Query Creation Example
The following example creates a query that returns all repository items whose gender property is female:
loading table of contents...


The 3 Effective Ways For A Woman To Survive The Air National Guard
The training to become an Air National Guard is difficult. There are a lot of men who fails due to the tedious kind of training that they have to go through. If you will think about it, it is much harder to pass the training if you are a woman. Don't worry because here are some useful ways on how a woman can ace the training and survive to be the next Air National Guard. Check it out.
1. Start physical training ahead of time
It is a must if you want to make things easier for yourself once you are in the training proper. Do push ups and sit ups. The more you can do the better. It is because when you are in training, there will be a lot more of that. Most of the time, it is unexpected as one team member may have done something wrong, but all of you will be punished.
2. Practice more water intake
When you start with the training, there will be no juice or soda available. Almost all of the time, they will tell you to drink water. It will happen before meals, while you are eating and after eating. It could also happen when you are about to start with some of the exercises. Drinking lots of water may be though for some who is not used to drinking a lot. Practice makes you better so start preparing.
3. Practice eating fast
Some women often take time when eating but once you are on the training ground, every second count. You need to be able to eat fast so you can keep up with the others. If you can't eat fast enough, it will result to low energy on your part because you will not be able to finish your food.
Just take note of the three effective ways, and you will have no problem in completing the training with flying colors.
The 4 Steps On How To Be A Pilot For Air National Guard
Individuals who join the Air National Guard often have a dream to be flying one of the aircraft used by the reserve force. However, it is not easy as there are a lot of things that you have to do. Check out the steps on how you can be one of the pilots for the Air National Guard of the United States.
1. Complete the preliminary requirements
There are various things that you have to prepare as the first step to becoming a pilot. One of them is that you should have gone through the training to be a pilot even before you reach thirty. There is a physical exam that you need to pass. Aside from that, you should be a four-year degree holder. You should also possess an experience when it comes to flying.
2. Take all the necessary tests needed
If you want to be a pilot for the Air National Guard, the passion you have for flying is not enough. There are a couple of tests that needs to be completed. You need to take AFOQT or Air Force Qualifying Officer Test. It will test your academic skills though it is more inclined on the technical aspect. Aside from that, you also need to pass the Test of Basic Aviation Skills. It is like a practical exam, and there will be just a couple of question in the end.
3. Get your PCSM
You will not be able to get this Pilot Candidate Selection Member number if you fail the Basic Aviation Skills test. Through this number, your performance during the training will be assessed.
4. Find a unit and apply
Among the three steps indicated, finding a group seemed to be the easiest, but it's not. There are a lot of people applying for the position, and that means the competition is fierce. It is highly recommended to apply for different units, so you will have a better chance of getting hired.
If you can complete all these steps, you are one step closer to your dream in becoming a pilot for the Air National Guard.
The 3 Great Tips That You Should Follow Before Your Military Training
If you have decided to join the military, expect that it will not be an easy path. There will be a lot of things and hardships that you will have to go through. If you want to succeed, check out these great tips that you can follow before you start your training with the military.
1. Do not be the center of attention
When you get ready for the military training, make sure to pack all the things that you would need in basic colors. It could either be black or brown, and that's it. You do not want to get to do push-ups on the first time you meet your instructor, right? Make sure to keep a low profile. Aside from that, the branded things are a big no. You should be able to blend in.
2. Mark your things
In a military training facility, it is common that there are a lot of stuff that would go missing. It is due to a lot of things. The best thing that you can do is mark your belongings with a black marker with your name. Luck may be on your side, and you will always know which your belongings are.
3. Quit your vices
Start preparing yourself even before you set foot in the training camp. If you are a chain smoker or a heavy drinker, better start quitting as soon as possible as it is for your benefit. There is no smoking and drinking allowed in training camp, so better have all the withdrawal issues while you are still out rather than having it as a problem when you start your training.
These are the three tips that you should follow if you want to achieve success in military training. Following these tips will also make your life easier while you are in the training facilities.


text: Genetic structure of 142 parent lines of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] was analyzed using model-based approach based on SSR markers. Forty-one selected from 103 SSR markers were used to analyze the parent lines, which generated 189 alleles revealed by each marker ranging from 2 to 11 with an average of 4.6 per marker. The polymorphic information content (PIC) value was 0.543 with a range of 0.089 to 0.850. All the parent lines were assigned to 7 subgroups, named Kafir, Kaoliang, Feterita, Shallu, Hegari, Milo and Durra. Parent lines without clear pedigree record were clustered into their corresponding groups, and genetic components of each line were estimated by Q-values. Information of this study would be useful for breeders to conclude their genetic background and select appropriate parents for germplasm improvement and hybrid breeding, and thus improve the efficiency of breeding programs.


text:
Details: The see-through design of this special training handcuff allows you to view what is really happening when a handcuff is being locked, unlocked, double-locked, etc. It is a fully functional handcuff that lets the student see and understand the inner mechanical workings of a handcuff. Both the strengths and weaknesses inherent in all handcuffs become apparent. Also a useful tool for learning unconventional handcuff opening methods, such as the shim pick. Includes standard handcuff key.
- See-through design allows understanding of how the handcuff locking mechanism works
- Fully functional handcuff with clear top
- Useful tool for learning unconventional handcuff opening methods
Publisher: Shomer Tec
Package Dimensions: 3.9 x 3.0 x 0.6 inches


text:
Transcript Typist» search for more Jobs
The role of a Transcript typist is to record the spoken word of people in different contexts be it in parliament, courts of law or television broadcasts using a stenotype shorthand machine, computer or sound equipment. There are usually no tertiary requirements to become a transcript typist; however it is useful to complete a course in machine shorthand, with training on the specific procedures giving to you on the job. Some settings like parliaments might require formal qualifications in English language with particular knowledge of gramma and linguistics. To be successful in this role you will need to have a very fast typing speed, good command of English, good attention to detail and be able to work under pressure in a fast paced environment.


Average Weather Data for Mammoth Lakes, California
Monthly Averages
January February March April May June July August September October November December
Average Monthly high in °F: 40° 40° 44° 50° 60° 69° 78° 77° 69° 59° 47° 41°
Average Monthly low in °F: 15° 16° 20° 26° 33° 40° 45° 45° 38° 29° 21° 17°
Yearly Averages
What's The Average High Temp in Mammoth Lakes? 56.2 °F
What's the Average Low in Mammoth Lakes? 28.8 °F
What's the Average Temperature in Mammoth Lakes? 42.5 °F
How Many Inches of Rain per year does Mammoth Lakes get? N/A
How Many Rainy Days a year are there in Mammoth Lakes? N/A
How Much Sunshine each year is there in Mammoth Lakes (in hours)? N/A
How much, if any, snow falls each year in Mammoth Lakes? N/A
Mammoth Lakes Temperature and Rain Graphs
Average high in °F
Average low in °F
Average precipitation in inches


text:
How can the DLCA be used for planning new development?20 June 2016
New development needs to take full account of its relationship with the landscape. Understanding the landscape context of development is an essential first step of the design process. The DLCA helps developers to understand the characteristics of different areas of landscape and of the impacts of potential development. This helps in the identification of sites that are suitable for different types of development. When a development site has been identified, the key characteristics of the landscape can inform the design and layout of new development.


text:
On 04 May 2023, Ambassador Cecilia Attard-Pirotta, accompanied by First Secretary at the Embassy Mr Charles Calleja, paid a visit to the offices of Mano Maritime in Haifa to learn more about the company's operations and its role in the maritime industry. The Ambassador was welcomed by Mr Moran Mano, Vice President of Mano Maritime, who provided her with an overview of the company's history, operations, and its contribution to the development of the maritime industry in the region.
Mano Maritime, a leading cruise and shipping company, can trace its roots in Israel from before the country's independence in 1948 and has since expanded its operations to include cruise ships, cargo vessels, and port services. The company operates in the Mediterranean, the Black Sea, and the Red Sea. During her visit, the Ambassador was given a tour of the company's offices and facilities, including company's flagship cruise liner the Crown Iris at the port of Haifa. The Ambassador also met with key personnel from different departments, including sales and operations.
The visit by the Maltese Ambassador to Mano Maritime underscores the importance of promoting trade and investment between Malta and Israel and highlights the potential for further collaboration between the two countries in the maritime industry. As a testimony of the growing cooperation, The Crown Iris is also expected to make several stops in Valletta during 2023.


text:
How to register a marriage in Nigeria
Following is a guideline on how to register a marriage in the Federal Republic of Nigeria under Nigerian law. Please note that Nigerian authorities do not usually require an Australian citizen to provide a Certificate of No Impediment to Marriage (CNI) when registering a marriage.
- Marriage is registered at a local public registry, which requires a Letter of Marriage Intention and payment of a fee of Naira 2,000.
- A person under 18 years of age, who wishes to register a marriage, is required to present a letter of consent from his or her parents.
- The registry will display the Letter of Marriage Intention for 21 days on a public notice board.
- Provided that no objection to the intended marriage is made during the 21 day period, a couple may then register their marriage.
- Birth certificates or official documents showing the ages of the couple are required together with the results of HIV and genotype tests.
- A divorcee must produce a divorce certificate, while a widow or a widower is required to present the death certificate of the late spouse.
- A marriage registrar may witness the exchange of oaths by the couple.


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What is Structural Testing?
Structural testing, also known as glass box testing or white box testing is an approach where the tests are derived from the knowledge of the software's structure or internal implementation.
The other names of structural testing includes clear box testing, open box testing, logic driven testing or path driven testing.
Structural Testing Techniques:
Statement Coverage - This technique is aimed at exercising all programming statements with minimal tests.
Branch Coverage - This technique is running a series of tests to ensure that all branches are tested at least once.
Path Coverage - This technique corresponds to testing all possible paths which means that each statement and branch are covered.
Calculating Structural Testing Effectiveness:
Statement Testing = (Number of Statements Exercised / Total Number of Statements) x 100 % Branch Testing = (Number of decisions outcomes tested / Total Number of decision Outcomes) x 100 % Path Coverage = (Number paths exercised / Total Number of paths in the program) x 100 %
Advantages of Structural Testing:
Forces test developer to reason carefully about implementation
Reveals errors in "hidden" code
Spots the Dead Code or other issues with respect to best programming practices.
Disadvantages of Structural Box Testing:
Expensive as one has to spend both time and money to perform white box testing.
Every possibility that few lines of code is missed accidentally.
Indepth knowledge about the programming language is necessary to perform white box testing.


text: Numerical studies discussing micro gas turbines (MGTs) as a basis for automotive range extenders can be found in literature. A comprehensive set of experimental measurement data for an MGT of adequate size, however, is currently not available. In this work, a test rig and demonstrator based on a 30 kWel liquid fueled MGT is built up. Its major components' performance is characterized by measuring temperature and pressure at inlet and outlet, as well as corresponding fuel and air flows and the exhaust gas composition. A compressor bleed air tapping is installed to characterize the turbo components' off-design behavior. Stationary load points and transient maneuvers are investigated. The presented data provide coherent information on the operational behavior and cycle parameters. This can be used to validate existing numerical investigations. It further provides a foundation to identify the optimization potential of MGT components and will serve as design baseline for subsequent optimization measures to meet the requirements of mobile applications.


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If you have emails that were either created outside Workbooks (in Outlook or Google Mail for example) or you've received email in your Inbox that you want to store against the relevant record(s) in Workbooks, you can use the Dropbox functionality.
Put simply, the Dropbox is a special email address (different for each Workbooks user). When emails (up to 16MB each) are received by that address, Workbooks searches the database to find the right record(s) to store the email against. You can store the same email against many different records within Workbooks (up to a maximum of 500 per email). For example, you might want to store one email against not only a Person, but also against a Case that the Person has raised. This can be achieved easily by including Object References in the emails you forward to your Dropbox.


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Shell Scripting case
A case construct helps us to simplify nested if statement. You can match several variables against one variable. Each case is an expression matching a certain pattern.
Look at the above snapshot, you can write one pattern or more than one pattern together according to the situation. Let's see an example to understand it more clearly.
Look at the above snapshot, we have shown a script to show the capital of different states. States Punjab and Haryana are written together as they share same capital.
Look at the above snapshot, user can enter a state name and script will display its capital respectively.


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Project Will Bring Reclaimed Water to Clearwater Residents
A project funded by the Southwest Florida Water Management District and the City of Clearwater will bring reclaimed water to residents who live in the Skycrest area of Clearwater.
The project includes the design and construction of a high-service pump station, more than 63,500 linear feet of reclaimed water transmission lines, distribution piping, and a five-million-gallon storage tank.
The project will interconnect reclaimed water supplies from the city's three waste water treatment plants, which will provide the ability to move reclaimed water to areas of high demand, and provide for the pumping and storage necessary to service additional customers in central Clearwater.
This project is expected to provide approximately 410,000 gallons per day (gpd) of reclaimed water to nearly 500 residential and commercial reclaimed water customers in central Clearwater. The project will offset 250,000 gpd of groundwater.
This cooperatively funded effort between the District's Pinellas-Anclote River Basin Board and Clearwater is estimated to cost $10.8 million. The District will contribute 50 percent of the costs.
Construction is scheduled to begin in May 2008 and is expected to be complete by December 2010.
Reclaimed water is wastewater that has received at least secondary treatment and is used for a beneficial purpose, such as irrigation. By offsetting demand for ground water and surface water, this alternative, non-traditional water source reduces stress on environmental systems, provides economic benefits by delaying costly water system expansions, and eliminates the need to discharge wastewater effluent to surface waters.
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Question: What Is The Pick 6 In Horse Racing?
How do you play Pick 6 horse racing?
With a Pick 6 bet, you win if you correctly select the winners of six consecutive horse races. Many tracks are now doing this wager in a Jackpot Pick Six format: unless there is one single ticket with the winning horses, a portion of the pool is paid out but the majority carries over to the next day.
How is Pick 6 payout calculated?
To figure the cost of the Pick Six, multiply the number of horses in each race. This will be the total if the Pick Six at this track is a $1 wager. Multiply your total times two if the Pick Six is a $2 wager.
What is place 6 in horse racing?
What is the Place 6? The Place 6 is a racing betting pool which challenges you to select one or more horses to place across six races on a nominated meeting.
How does Pick 6 mandatory payout work?
What is a mandatory pick 6 payout? On a mandatory pick 6 payout day, the bet must payoff, this means if there are no actually winners of the pick 6, then the closest ticket holder wins or shares the prize pool.
You might be interested: FAQ: How Does A Horse Say Hello?
What happens if your horse scratches in a Pick 6?
Because all pick 6 wagers must be made before the first of the six races, there are many times when a horse is scratched from a race well after the wager is placed. In other cases, the track may declare combinations involving the scratched horse to have "no action," and the wager is refunded.
Why do they call it a pick 6?
Interceptions are frustrating for the offense because the ball is intended for a player on their team. After an interception, the defensive player that caught the ball has an opportunity to run it back for a touchdown. Anytime an interception is returned for a touchdown, it's called a pick six.
How much is a $10 trifecta box?
Your choices for third position, in order of preference, are horses 1, 5, 6. Rather than box five horses at the cost of $60 you could play the following. $10 Trifecta part wheel 2,4 WITH 2,4 WITH 1 = 2 $10 combinations = $20.
What is a Rainbow Pick 6?
The Rainbow Six is a Pick Six with a twist. Just like in the Pick Six, you must pick the winner of six consecutive races that are usually the hardest races to handicap on a given day at one track. However, unlike the standard Pick Six, the Rainbow Six only pays out when there is one winning ticket.
What is a Pick 6?
Pick 6 may refer to: Pick 6 (horse racing), a wager in which a bettor picks one horse in each of six races. Pick 6 (American football), an interception returned for a touchdown.
You might be interested: Readers ask: What Horse Feed Has No Sugar Content?
Is Placepot a good bet?
It is not only the payouts that make the Placepot a great bet. If you're looking to enjoy a day of racing, the Placepot can keep you entertained all afternoon. Tote Placepot provides a betting interest in the first six races on a card and for a small stake, you can land a share of big Placepot fund dividends.
What is a Quadpot Sky bet?
A Tote Quadpot bet can be accepted daily at every British race meeting. It consists of selecting a placed horse in the 4 Tote Quadpot races at your selected meeting. Bets are accepted up to the third race and dividends are declared after the last Tote Quadpot race. Place terms are determined by the Tote.
What is a Quadpot?
A Quadpot is a bet of 4 horses. These selections are in races 3-6 at a race meeting. To win on this bet you need your selection to win or be placed (places are determined by the size of the field) The Quadpot is available to bet on from 9am every day.
What does a Pick 6 carryover mean?
A carryover is when no wins occur at the end of a race on a particular wager type – for example, a Pick 4, Pick 5 or Pick 6. The carryover continues from race to race until a lucky winner or winners collect the prize pool, which can reach millions of dollars.
What happens if your horse scratches in a Pick 4?
If a horse is scratched, all Win/Place/Show wagers placed via the racing interface will be refunded. On Daily Doubles, Pick 3 and Pick 4 wagers, a scratch will result in an automatic refund of the combination including the scratched horse.
You might be interested: Who Ownes The Horse On Two Broke Girls?
What's one more than a trifecta?
The superfecta is a type of wager in USA and Canada parimutuel betting in which the bettor, in order to win, must pick the first four finishers of a race in the correct sequence.
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Are cow parsnips dangerous?
Are cow parsnips dangerous?
Can you eat cow parsnip? It is not toxic, but the juice can cause contact dermatitis in sensitive individuals. Washing the affected area and avoiding sunlight for a few days can reduce irritation. The plant is eaten by deer, elk, moose and livestock.
How can you tell if a plant is giant hogweed?
Giant Hogweed Identification Edges are spikey and serrated. Numerous small white flowers arranged in umbrella-shaped heads up to 80cm (31 inches) across. Flowers in late spring to mid summer. Thick, bright green often with reddish spots – can also be nearly completely reddish.
Is cow parsley the same as hogweed?
Cow parsley (Anthriscus sylvestris) The leaves are completely different to giant hogweed, with a feathery appearance. This is a native plant common along hedgerows. It grows to 60–170 cm (24–67 in) and also has clusters of white flowers in umbels.
What's the difference between wild parsnip and cow parsnip?
Cow parsnip (pictured above) has white flowers while wild parsnip has yellow flowers. Once cow parsnip starts to turn to seed, some can confuse the two because the flower color starts to fade. Difference can be seen in the leaf shape. It looks like an open palm while wild parsnip leaves look oblong.
Is hogweed and cow parsnip the same plant?
The Cow Parsnip's stem, green and ridged with fine white hairs. The Hogweed stem, green with purple / reddish splotches and coarse white hairs. The leaves of the Hogweed have a knife-like serrated edge. The shape of the Cow Parsnip leaf is similar to that of a maple leaf.
Can you touch cow parsnip?
All parts of the cow parsnip plant contain a phototoxic sap. When an individual gets the sap on their skin it causes a reaction called phytophotodermatitis.
Are wild parsnip and giant hogweed the same?
Giant Hogweed is often confused with native Cow Parsnip. The two are compared below. Giant hogweed has large, very deeply lobed leaves with jagged edges (up to 2.5 metres long), whereas Cow parsnip leaves are smaller (only 40cm long) and its leaves are wider, less lobed and less jagged.
How do you identify wild parsnips?
Wild parsnip can grow up to 5′ tall and has hollow, grooved stems that are hairless. Leaves resemble large celery leaves. They are yellow-green, coarsely toothed and compound, with 3-5 leaflets. Small, yellow flowers are clustered together in a flat-topped array approximately 3-8″ across.
Is Cow Parsnip hogweed?
Heracleum sphondylium, commonly known as hogweed, common hogweed or cow parsnip, is a herbaceous perennial or biennial plant, in the umbelliferous family Apiaceae that includes fennel, cow parsley, ground elder and giant hogweed. It is native to Europe and Asia.
Is cow parsnip hogweed?
How can you tell cow parsley from giant hogweed?
Hedge parslies tend to be smaller, more delicate and spindly and often shorter than cow parsley. Hogweeds have a bigger leaf, with broader fronds. Giant hogweed sap from all parts of the plant is poisonous. Common hogweed may also pose a threat as the hairs on the stem can cause skin irritation and burns.
Are hogweed and wild parsnip the same?
View the Difference Both plants have large leaves dissected into 3 leaflets, but leaflets of cow parsnip (left) have rounded lobes and giant hogweed leaflets (right) have pointed lobes. Also, giant hogweed leaves are twice the size of cow parsnip leaves.
How do you get rid of Cow Parsnip?
Herbicides containing glyphosate can be an effective tool to control larger populations of wild parsnip. Glyphosate is a broad spectrum herbicide that kills green plants that it comes into contact with.
What is Cow Parsnip used for?
As medicine, pastes of dried grated roots are applied to swollen legs to relieve swelling and also used on aching limbs and heads to relieve pain. Other uses included making a yellow dye from the roots and using the dried stems to make flutes for children. In the garden, Cow Parsnip is easy to care for.
Does Cow Parsnip cause blindness?
That striking plant can attain a height of 4 metres (about 13 feet) and has a stout red-spotted stem and a white inflorescence up to 0.5 metre in diameter. Contact with the sap of giant hogweed is especially dangerous and can cause severe photosensitive blistering and scarring; blindness can also occur.
Is hogweed the same as wild parsnip?
What does it look like? Giant Hogweed is often confused with native Cow Parsnip. The two are compared below. Giant hogweed has large, very deeply lobed leaves with jagged edges (up to 2.5 metres long), whereas Cow parsnip leaves are smaller (only 40cm long) and its leaves are wider, less lobed and less jagged.
What happens if you touch wild parsnip?
Wild parsnip, which is similar to giant hogweed, produces a poisonous sap which causes the skin to become extremely sensitive to sunlight, leading to severe burns and blisters. WARNING: Disturbing image of the burn and blister is below. Discretion is advised.
Is common hogweed cow parsnip the same plant?
Are cow parsnips edible?
Cow parsnip is an edible plant. But, unlike other common edibles like nettles or lambs quarters, it has a strong flavor that some people won't like. For the best result, I suggest you cook with cow parsnip's green parts as you would an herb.
Is Cow Parsnip in the UK?
Cow Parsnip is also sometimes referred to as hogweed. It is a plant that grows commonly across the UK. You probably have seen it on the side of the road while driving in the humid areas of Scotland, but it is also common in other parts of the UK.
Is Cow Parsnip the same as poison hemlock?
Another distinction: cow parsnip's outer flowers have more deeply divided petals of unequal size. Poison hemlock is native to Europe, Africa and Asia. Its probably one of DuPage County's most poisonous plants. It grows throughout the county, mostly in sunny degraded areas.
Can you mow over wild parsnip?
Use a riding mower (not a push mower) to mow wild parsnip so mowed pieces are left on the ground and not on you. If possible, begin mowing in late May and continue through the summer, at a height of 8 inches or less. Mow the area for about three years and the parsnip will be virtually gone.
Why should you not burn wild parsnip?
Like giant hogweed and other members of the carrot family, it produces sap containing chemicals that can cause human skin to react to sunlight, resulting in intense burns, rashes or blisters.
How do you get rid of cow parsnips?
If possible, begin mowing in late May and continue through the summer, at a height of 8 inches or less. Mow the area for about three years and the parsnip will be virtually gone. Use a Parsnip Predator tool, available online through Prairie Enthusiasts, to easily and safely remove wild parsnip as whole plants.
Is Cow Parsnip toxic to dogs?
Cow parsnip poisoning is caused by furanocoumarins in the foliage of Heracleum maximum, which can produce phytophotodermatitis or photosensitivity if your dog eats the plant or if the sap is absorbed through the skin. In addition, exposure to cow parsnip can also cause ocular damage leading to permanent blindness.
Is cow parsnip the same as hogweed?
This flowering plant is native e to North America and garden owners consider it a weed as it is invasive in nature and grows very quickly to tower other plants. One of the most known species of Cow Parsnip is the Giant Hogweed. It is important to know what makes the difference and why cow parsnip vs giant hogweed is not the same thing.
What are the most common skin reactions to cow parsnip/hogweed?
One of the more common skin reactions to cow parsnip/hogweed, is the 'weed eaters' or 'strimmers' dermatitis. When string trimmers are used to clear long grass, components of weeds are usually mulched and scattered in all directions, often coating the legs and arms of the operator.
What does a cow parsnip look like?
The fact that there are many related plants with Cow Parsnip that scare people when they identify it in their gardens. The visible characteristic of this perennial plant is its large flower head that looks like an umbrella consisting of lots of tiny white flowers.
Is cow parsnip an invasive plant?
Cow Parsnip is a name used for more than 60 species of perennial plants belonging to the genus Heracleum. This flowering plant is native e to North America and garden owners consider it a weed as it is invasive in nature and grows very quickly to tower other plants. One of the most known species of Cow Parsnip is the Giant Hogweed.


How do I resize an object in Boardmaker Studio?
 1. Select the object.
 2. Move the cursor over any edge or corner of the object until a double arrow appears.
 3. Click and drag the edge or corner until the object is the desired size.
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text:
There are tons of little neat tips and tricks scattered throughout iOS just waiting to be discovered. One of these little nuggets is being able to add a direct dial extension number to a Contacts entry to save time when calling someone that can only be reached by dialing an additional extension number. Although this has been possible for quite some time in iOS, the whole process is a lot simpler now than it used to be.
It may not be extremely useful for those who call friends or family members, but for those business users out there who frequently call other companies or colleagues who sit behind a main switchboard, then it could save a lot of time and frustration being able to get to them directly. Follow the simple steps below to get an extension number added to a new or existing contact.
Step 1: Open the Contacts app on the iOS device and select the '+' button in the top right hand corner to add a new contact. Alternatively, if you want to add a dial extension to an existing contact, then select the contact from the list and select the 'Edit' button from the top right hand corner.
Step 2: Tap on the field that allows you to enter a mobile, work or home number for the contact. If you are editing a contact then make sure the cursor is at the end of the already-inputted number before pressing the '+*#' button in the bottom left hand corner. If this is a new contact then enter their number first before selecting the '+*#' button.
Step 3: Select the 'wait' option from the right hand side of the second row of keys that appears. This will append the phone number with a semicolon (;).
Step 4: Add the relevant extension number after the semicolon. For example, if the contact's number is 0192-_PHONE_ and their extension number is 123 then this becomes 0192-_PHONE_;123.
Step 5: Save the information and exit out of the Contacts app.
Step 6: Call the contact in question from the device address book and take note of the new 'Dial' button on the right hand side. This can be tapped to dial the extension at any time.
Rocket science it certainly isn't, but time-saving and beneficial to those who regularly call those behind a switchboard it is. Thanks again to Apple and iOS for adding in these little hidden gems that we come across from time-to-time.


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When you can volunteer
There's no upper age limit on volunteering. However, some organisations' insurance policies do not cover you if you're under 16 or over a certain age (usually 80).
You cannot work for a profit-making organisation if you're under 14, even if you're not paid.
Your local councils might have extra rules about the work you can do as a young person. For example, you might not be able to volunteer at a charity shop if the council decides that it's a profit-making organisation.
People aged 50 or older can find volunteering opportunities with the Retired and Senior Volunteering Programme.
Volunteering and benefits
You can volunteer and claim benefits if:
- the only money you get from volunteering is to cover expenses, like travel costs
- you continue to meet the conditions of the benefit you get
If you have a criminal record you can still volunteer in most roles, depending on your offences. You might need a Disclosure and Barring Service check if you want to volunteer with children or vulnerable adults.


Did you know?
notam - definition and synonyms
What are red words?
 1. From our crowdsourced Open Dictionary
 notice to airmen; an official announcement circulated to the aviation industry warning them of new high structures, such as cranes, that are being built
 If you want to erect a crane in London of any significant height... there is something called a Notam (Notice to Airmen)... it's a known value that the crane is there, they don't just erect them.
 Submitted from United Kingdom on 16/01/2013
BuzzWord Article
Open Dictionary
the activity of exploring abandoned buildings and other manmade structures
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global English and language change from our blog
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text: This resource contains two title pages and 20 vocal exploration cards. There are 10 different animal slides with vocal explorations and 10 animal slides with create your own vocal explorations. Your students will practice making their voices match the melodic direction of the farm animal sounds. Pair this activity with your favorite farm songs and you have a great lesson. My favorite song to pair this with is I Had a Rooster by Pete Seeger. I hope you enjoy this Made For Music Teachers resource.


text:
Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geospatial Engineering
This paper is devoted to the introduction of physicochemical, filler size, and distribution effect in micromechanical predictions of the overall viscoelastic properties of asphalt mastic. In order to account for the three effects, the morphologically representative pattern (MRP) approach was employed. The MRP model was improved due to the arduous practical use of equivalent modulus formula solution. Then, a homogeneous morphologically representative model (H-MRP) with the explicit solution was established based on the homogenization theory. Asphalt mastic is regarded as a composite material consisting of filler particles coated structural asphalt and free asphalt considering the physicochemical effect. An additional interphase surrounding particles was introduced in the H-MRP model. Thus, a modified H-MRP model was established. Using the proposed model, a viscoelastic equation was derived to predict the complex modulus and subsequently the dynamic modulus of asphalt mastic based on the elastic-viscoelastic correspondence principle. The dynamic shear rheological tests were conducted to verify the prediction model. The results show that the predicted modulus presents an acceptable precision for asphalt mastic mixed with 10% and 20% fillers volume fraction, as compared to the measured ones. The predicted modulus agrees reasonably well with the measured ones at high frequencies for asphalt mastic mixed with 30% and 40% fillers volume fraction. However, it exhibits underestimated modulus at low frequencies. The reasons for the discrepancy between predicted and measured dynamic shear modulus and the factors affecting the dynamic shear modulus were also explored in the paper.
Advances in Materials Science and Engineering
Micromechanical Prediction Model of Viscoelastic Properties for Asphalt Mastic Based on Morphologically Representative Pattern Approach.
Advances in Materials Science and Engineering,
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Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.


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What is the cardinality of the following set:
$$\mathbb{A}:=\{A \ : A\subseteq\mathbb{R} \ \ \text{dense and countable}\}$$
(Is $\mathbb{A}$ a separable space?)
Thank You!
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The question whether something is a separable space presupposes that a topology is given on that something. Did you have a particular topology on $\mathbb A$ in mind? – Andreas Blass Dec 6 '12 at 2:09
I have to wonder where did you come up with the separability question in mind. The original question merely asks for the first part. Also, please remember to use the [homework] tag. – Asaf Karagila Dec 6 '12 at 10:59
3 Answers 3
up vote 11 down vote accepted
The cardinality of $\Bbb R$ is $2^\omega$ (or if you prefer, $2^{\aleph_0}$), so $\Bbb R$ has $\left(2^\omega\right)^\omega=2^{\omega\cdot\omega}=2^\omega$ countable subsets. Thus, the cardinality of $\Bbb A$ is at most $2^\omega$, since not all countable subsets of $\Bbb R$ are dense in $\Bbb R$. However, it turns out that even though not all of these $2^\omega$ countable subsets are dense, there are $2^\omega$ of them that are dense. Here's one way to show this.
For $x,y\in\Bbb R$ write $x\sim y$ if and only if $x-y\in\Bbb Q$.
 1. Prove that $\sim$ is an equivalence relation on $\Bbb R$.
 2. Prove that for each $x\in\Bbb R$ the $\sim$-equivalence class of $x$ is $x+\Bbb Q=\{x+q:q\in\Bbb Q\}$ and is therefore countable.
 3. Conclude that $\sim$ has $2^\omega$ equivalence classes.
 4. Show that each $\sim$-equivalence class is dense in $\Bbb R$.
The set $\Bbb A$ isn't a space at all until you give it some topology: it's just a collection of subsets of $\Bbb R$.
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Mr Brian M. Scott, Thank You! – 17SI.34SA Dec 6 '12 at 2:15
Here is a slightly more fun way to do this:
First note that there are at most $\mathbb R^\mathbb N$ countable sets of real numbers, calculate the cardinality and see that this means that there cannot be more than $2^{\aleph_0}$ countable sets of real numbers.
Secondly note that $P=\mathbb{Q\setminus N}$ is dense in $\mathbb R$. Now for every $A\subseteq\mathbb N$ we have that $P\cup A$ is dense and countable. It is easy to see that if $A\neq B$ then $P\cup A\neq P\cup B$. Therefore we actually found $2^{\aleph_0}$ dense sets of real numbers which are subsets of $\mathbb Q$.
This shows that there cannot be more than $2^{\aleph_0}$ countable dense sets. As remarked by others, separability is a topological property and it is unclear what topology you are giving this collection.
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$\mathbb{Q}$ is countable. So $\mathbb{R}\setminus \mathbb{Q}$ is uncountable. For each irrational $x$, the set $\mathbb{Q} \cup \{x\}$ is also dense in $\mathbb{R}$. Hence there are an uncountable number of dense subsets of $\mathbb{R}$.
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What is the cardinality of the set in question? Just saying the set is uncountable does not suffice here. – David Mitra Dec 6 '12 at 2:26
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